Wikipedia hawiki https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babban_shafi MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5 first-letter Midiya Musamman Tattaunawa User Tattaunawar user Wikipedia Tattaunawar Wikipedia Fayil Tattaunawar fayil MediaWiki Tattaunawar MediaWiki Samfuri Tattaunawar samfuri Taimako Tattaunawar taimako Rukuni Tattaunawar rukuni TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk 0 3856 549869 448464 2024-12-01T22:26:00Z Wikiabdull 29964 Na kara mahada 549869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Mouth.png|thumb|Baki shi ne gabar furuci]] Ma'anar '''furuci''' shine Magana; ita kuma magana iskar furuci ce wadda ɗan Adam kan shaƙa a cikin sarari ta hanyoyi biyu sanannu wato;- [[Hanoi|hanci]] (nose),da [[Baƙi|baki]] (mouth) zuwa cikin kogon huhu (lung) a kan hanyar su da ake cewa zirin [[iska]]. ==furta magana ko sauti== Ita iskar da ta ke adane acikin salkar iska ita ce ta ke tasowa ta baro mazaunninta ayayin da akayi nufin a furta magana ko sauti, ta sake biyo hanyarta ta zirin iska sannan ya isko cikin tantanin maƙwallato a inda za’a sarrafa shi ya zamo mai ziza ko marar ziza sannan kuma ya cigaba da karo da sauran sassan gaɓuɓuwan furuci daga nan yazama Magana, wannan iya abinda muka sani kenan. Sautin bakin furuci baki Furucin baki shine wanda ya ke faruwa alokacin da ɗan adam yake furta wasu kwayoyin sautuka irin su /b/ /b/ /d/ /d/dukkan Alamu sautukan hausa da baki ake furucinsu in banda sautin /m/ /n/ /d/ A yayin furucin sautukan bakin iskan furuci kan taru acikin kororon baki a inda za’a sarrafasu kafin ficewa a waje,sannan kuma handa kantushe kafar hanci don gudun shigar iskan furucin kororon hanci,qayayin furucin baki. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == <references /> 6osbo9ai4rxf2c7c6azfshrw23zg5bm 549871 549869 2024-12-01T22:28:11Z Wikiabdull 29964 Nayi gyara 549871 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Mouth.png|thumb|Baki shi ne gabar furuci]] Ma'anar '''furuci''' shine Magana; ita kuma magana iskar furuci ce wadda ɗan Adam kan shaƙa a cikin sarari ta hanyoyi biyu sanannu wato;- [[Hanoi|hanci]] (nose),da [[Baƙi|baki]] (mouth) zuwa cikin kogon huhu (lung) a kan hanyar su da ake cewa zirin [[iska]]. ==furta magana ko sauti== Ita iskar da ta ke adane acikin salkar iska ita ce ta ke tasowa ta baro mazaunninta ayayin da akayi nufin a furta magana ko sauti, ta sake biyo hanyarta ta zirin iska sannan ya isko cikin tantanin maƙwallato a inda za’a sarrafa shi ya zamo mai ziza ko marar ziza sannan kuma ya cigaba da karo da sauran sassan gaɓuɓuwan furuci daga nan yazama Magana, wannan iya abinda muka sani kenan. Sautin bakin furuci baki Furucin baki shine wanda ya ke faruwa alokacin da ɗan adam yake furta wasu kwayoyin sautuka irin su /b/ /b/ /d/ /d/dukkan Alamu sautukan hausa da baki ake furucinsu in banda sautin /m/ /n/ /d/ A yayin furucin sautukan bakin iskan furuci kan taru acikin kororon baki a inda za’a sarrafasu kafin ficewa a waje, sannan kuma handa kantushe kafar hanci don gudun shigar iskan furucin kororon hanci,qayayin furucin baki. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == <references /> 4bgbvki5mklqvhyrsbc9u36eq2cjlu2 0 4465 549499 516527 2024-12-01T15:54:09Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Mark-anderson-2008.jpg|thumb|Mark Anderson]] [[Fayil:Mark Anderson (American football).JPG|thumb|Mark Anderson]] [[Fayil:Mark-anderson-2008.jpg|thumb|Mark Anderson]] '''Mark Anderson''' (an haife shi a shekara ta alif dari tara da tamanin da tara 1989) shi ne dan wasan kwallon kafa ta kasar Ingila. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Anderson, Mark}} [[Category:'Yan wasan kwallon kafa ta kasar Ingila]] ip7eq3hkdwcknbfelfa6b1vxvjvixa6 0 4841 549977 274564 2024-12-02T04:27:04Z Maryamarh 29382 549977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dave Barnett ''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1967) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar [[Ingila]]. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1967]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Barnett, Dave}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] 37prwgb7kpmbwazszt54nuut7e8dz28 0 5338 549637 505948 2024-12-01T18:52:47Z Maryamarh 29382 549637 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samar''' (/ˈsɑːmɑːr/ SAH-mar) ita ce tsibiri na uku mafi girma kuma na bakwai mafi yawan jama'a a cikin [[Filipin|Philippines]], tare da jimlar yawan ƙidaddakun mutane 1,909,537 kamar yadda kididdigar 2020 ta kasance. Tana cikin gabashin Visayas, wanda ke cikin tsakiyar [[Filipin|Philippines]]. Tsibirin ya kasu kashi uku: Samar (tsohon Western Samar), Arewacin Samar, da Gabashin Samar. Waɗannan larduna uku, tare da larduna a tsibirin Leyte da Biliran da ke kusa, suna daga cikin yankin Visayas na Gabas. [[Fayil:Samar, Tropical lawn, Philippines.jpg|thumb|tsibiri samar]] Kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na tsibirin Samar ana kiyaye shi azaman wurin shakatawa na halitta, wanda aka sani da Park Natural Island Park A ranar 19 ga Yuni, 1965, ta hanyar Dokar Jamhuriyar No. 4221, an raba Samar zuwa larduna uku: Arewacin Samar, (Yammacin) Samar da Gabashin Samar. Babban biranen waɗannan larduna sune, bi da bi, Catarman, Catbalogan, da Borongan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PHILIPPINE LAWS, STATUTES AND CODES - CHAN ROBLES VIRTUAL LAW LIBRARY |url=http://www.chanrobles.com/republicacts/republicactno4221.html#.WUcsVdkayc0 |website=Ronald Echalas Diaz, Chan Robles & Associates Law Firm}}</ref> Don tunawa da kafa wadannan larduna, ana yin bikin ranar 19 ga Yuni a matsayin hutu na shekara-shekara kuma mutane da yawa suna da ranar hutu daga aiki. == Yanayin ƙasa == Samar ita ce tsibiri na uku mafi girma a cikin yankin Philippines tl bayan tsibirin Luzon da Mindanao.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Samar "Samar"]. </ref> Dutsen Huraw shine mafi girman wuri na Samar, tare da tsawo na {{Convert|2,920|ft|m}} . <ref>[https://peakvisor.com/adm/samar.html "Samar"]. </ref> Samar ita ce tsibirin da ya fi gabashin Visayas . Yana kwance a arewa maso gabashin Leyte, ya rabu da shi ne kawai ta hanyar San Juanico Strait, wanda a mafi ƙanƙanta kusan kilomita 2 (1.2 ne kawai a fadin; San Juanique Bridge ya ratsa ƙuƙwalwar. Kuma yana kudu maso gabashin Yankin Bicol a kan Luzon, wanda aka raba shi da shi ne kawai ta hanyar San Bernardino Strait. A kudunci shine Leyte Gulf, wanda a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1944 ya zama shafin ɗaya daga cikin manyan yaƙe-yaƙe na ruwa na yakin duniya na biyu .<ref>[https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/wars-conflicts-and-operations/world-war-ii/1944/battle-of-leyte-gulf.html "The Battle of Leyte Gulf"]. </ref> Kuma a arewa da gabashin Samar akwai Tekun Philippine, wani ɓangare na [[Pacific Ocean|Tekun Pacific]]. == Tarihi == === Masarauta da sarakuna === ==== Abubuwan da suka faru ==== An kiyasta sunan tsibirin Samar a matsayin Zamal ta Antonio Pigafetta a cikin 1521. A shekara ta 1543, Sarki Iberein tare da ma'aikatansa sun kusanci jirgin ruwan Mutanen Espanya da ke tashar jiragen ruwa. Iberein ya fito ne daga Lawan . Har ila yau akwai wani Samarnon saga wanda ke ba da labarin Bingi na Lawan. Akwai wasu manyan hukumomi a tsibirin kamar ''Ibabao'' (ko ''Cibabao''), ''Achan'', ''Camlaya'', ''Taridola'', da ''Candaya''. ==== Bayanan kasashen waje ==== Samar ita ce tsibirin farko na Philippines da balaguron Mutanen Espanya ya gani wanda [[Ferdinand Magellan]] ya jagoranta (wanda aka rubuta a matsayin ''Zamal'' a cikin littafin Antonio Pigafetta). Ya gan shi a ranar 16 ga Maris 1521, bayan ya tashi daga Tsibirin Mariana.<ref>[https://news.abs-cbn.com/ancx/culture/spotlight/03/14/21/the-hospitable-shores-of-samar-during-magellans-landfall "The hospitable shores of Samar during Magellan’s landfall"]. </ref> Da yake fahimtar cewa ya isa tsibirin, sai ya zana tsibirin, kuma ya kira su ''San Lazaro'' (Mai Tsarki Li'azaru a Turanci) saboda an gan su a ranar Asabar. Mutanen Espanya daga baya sun kira tsibirin Filipinas, yayin da Portuguese suka kira shi Lequios . Kodayake Samar ita ce tsibirin farko na Philippines da Magellan ya gani, bai sauka a can ba. Ya ci gaba da kudu, ya auna tashar a tsibirin Suluan, sannan a ƙarshe, a ranar 17 ga Maris 1521, ya sauka a tsibirin Homonhon.<ref>Parr, Charles McKew ''So Noble a Captain: The Life and Times of Ferdinand Magellan'' Thomas Y. Crowell, New York, 1953. </ref> Daga baya a cikin 1700s, an rubuta Samar yana da kimanin iyalan Filipino na Mutanen Espanya 103 da iyalan 'yan asalin 3,042.<ref name="Estadismo2">[https://ia601608.us.archive.org/10/items/bub_gb_ElhFAAAAYAAJ_2/bub_gb_ElhFAAAAYAAJ.pdf ESTADISMO DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS TOMO SEGUNDO By Joaquín Martínez de Zúñiga (Original Spanish)]</ref>{{Rp|113}} Shekaru bayan haka, wasu tafiye-tafiye na Mutanen Espanya sun isa. Masanin tarihi William Henry Scott ya rubuta cewa "Samar datu da sunan Iberein an tura shi zuwa wani jirgin ruwan Mutanen Espanya da aka kafa a tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin 1543 ta hanyar ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da ke da zinariya; yayin da yake sanye da zoben kunne da sarƙoƙi. " Scott ya ba da labarin Samarnon saga, wanda ake kira sente, game da Bingi na Lawan, mai wadata Lakanate a Samar, kuma ya rubuta cewa Datu Hadi Iberein ya fito ne daga Lakanate na Lawan. Samar kuma tana da sunayen da aka rubuta a farkon Mutanen Espanya, gami da ''Ibabao'' (ko ''Cibabao''), ''Achan'', ''Camlaya'', da ''Taridola''. Kyaftin din Mutanen Espanya Miguel Lopez na Legaspi kuma ya kira tsibirin ''Tandaya'', bayan ya yi kuskuren sunan ubangiji da sunan tsibirin (kada a rikita shi da Datu Daya na arewacin Cebu). [[Miguel de Loarca]] ne ya rubuta wannan a matsayin ''Candaya'' . === Yaƙin Philippine-Amurka ===  Yaƙin neman zaɓe na ƙarshe na a Philippine-Amurka (1899-1902) ya faru ne a Samar kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin sanannun sanannun, kuma mafi sanannun duka, na dukan yaƙin. Haɗin abubuwa ya haifar da rikice-rikice na musamman.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> A ranar 28 ga Satumba, 1901, Eugenio Daza, Kwamandan Yankin Kudu maso gabashin Samar da Valeriano Abanador, shugaban 'yan sanda na garin, sun kaddamar da hari kan Kamfanin Sojojin Amurka C 9th Infantry Regiment wadanda ke mamaye Balangiga. Sojojin Filipino sun kawo daya daga cikin nasarorin Filipino kawai na yakin da kuma mummunar cin nasarar Amurka a cikin shekarun da suka gabata.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> A shekara ta 1989, an kafa "Balangiga Encounter Day" a matsayin hutu na lardin a Gabashin Samar don bikin nasarar Balangiga Encontre.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ermita |first=Eduardo R. |date=September 26, 2008 |title=Proclamation No. 1629, s. 2008 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2008/09/26/proclamation-no-1629-s-2008/ |website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=February 10, 1989 |title=Republic Act No. 6692 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1989/02/10/republic-act-no-6692/ |website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines.}}</ref> Ganawa Balangiga ta haifar da mummunan Maris a fadin Samar. <blockquote>"Ba na son fursunoni. Ina so ka kashe ka kuma ka ƙone; yayin da ka kashe ka, zai fi faranta mini rai ... Dole ne a sanya ciki na Samar ya zama jeji mai kuka ... " - Janar Jacob H. Smith</blockquote>Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka sun kashe dubban Filipinos. A cikin tarihin yaki,<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Brian McAllister Linn}}</ref> Brian McAllister Linn ,<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Philippine War 1899-1902|last=Linn|first=Brian McAllister|author-link=Brian McAllister Linn|publisher=University Press of Kansas|year=2000|isbn=0-70061225-4|location=Lawrence, Kansas 66049|pages=321}}</ref>{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2022}}ya tabbatar da cewa "Samar ya yi watsi da nasarorin da sojojin suka samu kuma, tsawon tsararraki, an danganta shi a cikin tunanin jama'a kamar yadda yake kwatanta yakin Philippine." === Yaƙin Duniya na II === Ruwan da ke gabashin tsibirin ya kuma karbi bakuncin Yaƙin Samar a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 1944, inda wasu ƙananan sojojin ruwa na Amurka da ba su da makamai suka yi yaƙi da tsakiyar rundunar sojojin ruwan Japan na Imperial, ciki har da Yamato na Japan. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu tsibirin yana cikin babban sansanin sojojin ruwan Amurka na Leyte-Samar == Yawan jama'a == {{Historical populations|1903|{{sum|79645|67680|118912}}|1918|{{sum|117348|93559|168668}}|1939|{{sum|154347|155050|236909}}|1948|{{sum|197734|227957|331521}}|1960|{{sum|237747|261424|368823}}|1970|{{sum|271000|306114|442244}}|1975|{{sum|287149|354665|478378}}|1980|{{sum|320637|378516|501439}}|1990|{{sum|329335|383654|533733}}|1995|{{sum|362324|454195|589373}}|2000|{{sum|375822|500639|641124}}|2007|{{sum|405114|549759|695149}}|2010|{{sum|428877|589013|733377}}|2015|{{sum|467160|632379|780481}}|2020|{{sum|477168|639186|793183}} <!---| 2025 | | 2030 | -->}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8glr6nmdjondlxhlntix2abfkjvaz2c 3 5917 550233 544482 2024-12-02T09:56:18Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* rshmallow ko kuma irin wannan ɗanɗanon Afrikaner, malvelekker, wanda aka yi tare da tsantsa na marsh mallow.[6] */ sabon sashe 550233 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Ina bukatar adalci== Sunana Abdulrahim Abdullahi Sani ina bukatar adalci a cikin wannan korafi nawa. Na kasance ina bada gudummuwa a cikin wannan man haja ta Hausa Wikipedia. Ina gyara da kuma kirkirar sababbin mukaloli. A iya sani na ina kiyaye duk wata doka ta kirkirar mukaloli sannan in sanya musu Manazarta kamar yadda doka tace. Amma @gwanki ya goge man mukuloli duka da na kirkira ba tare da kafa wata hujja ba akan dalilin gogewa. Haka zalika bai gargadeni ba akan ina wani abu da bai kamata ba. Bugu da kari ya goge shafina (profile) ba tare da sanar dani ba. Saboda haka ina bukatar sauran admins da shigo cikin wannan korafin nawa domin ta tabbatar da adalci. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) ([[User talk: Saifullahi As|talk]]) [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] [[User:Abdultambura18|Abdultambura18]] ([[User talk:Abdultambura18|talk]]) 18:17, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ==Korafi== sunana ibrahim abusufyan ina yin wannan korafin ne duba da yanda kake yawan shiga cikin al'amurana a wannan shafi na wikipedia ka kasance kana yawan san kaga kagano laifikana domin ka yi gagawar daukar hukunci,nakasance ina cikin wata gasa ta dora hotuna inda kaje ka goge hotunan da na dora da dama,anma da na lura da yanda abokan gasa ta suke sa hotunan sai naga bashi da banbanci da yanda nikeyi tun a wannna lokacin nafara zargin cewa anya ba kanamin haka bane da wata manufa ,kwanaki nayi gasar vital article i da kagigemin mukallu akalla guda ar'bain batare da yimin gargadi ba ko kafa kwakwarar huja wanda aikin admin aiki ne na gaskiya ba wai aikin san rai ba, ni atunani na idan admin yaga kana aikata badai dai ba zai farama magana ne jn kaki ji to sai ya dau hukunci anma haka kadinka bin duk wata mukala da naui kana gogewa badare da sanar dani in gyara ba to hakika tura takai bango saboda abubuwan da kakemin sun fara sa ni ina loosing interest akan duk wani abu na wikipedia wanda hakan na tabbata bashine anfanin admin ba nasu rinka korat mutane daga editing ba,zan bada kwakawarar hujoji da zasu gamsar da admins yan uwanka cewa tsakanina da kai kawai kiyaya ce bawai kanayi banae dan in gyara domin hakan ne kadai zaisa ,kabaryimin abunda kakemin ba bisa ka ida ba[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 17:39, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ==Article about Tony Rinaudo?== In Niger's desolate Sahel region, Australian agricultural expert Tony Rinaudo found out that even the most devastated regions are criss-crossed by an endless network of roots: "An underground forest". Would you like to write an article about him ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Rinaudo Tony Rinaudo]) as "He inspired farmers to carry on this work over the years. Rinaudo's pioneering technique is called Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration, or FMNR."[8] The FMNR website describes the technique as a "low-cost land restoration technique used to combat poverty and hunger amongst poor subsistence farmers by increasing food and timber production and resilience to climate extremes".[8][9][10] He consequently earned the nickname "the Forest Maker".[11]" Yours --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 18:51, 6 ga Yuni, 2023 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - A Heartfelt Appreciation for Your Impactful Contribution! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeXZaej264LOTM0WQBq9QiGGAC1SWg_pbPByD7gp3sC4j7VKQ/viewform this form] by August 15th, 2023. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2024. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:37, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2023p&oldid=25345565 --> My heartfelt congratulations! --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 22:03, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) :Thank you very much [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:19, 26 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) ::Assalamu Alaikum , Masha Allah ina godiya mln Abu amma Dan Allah ina bukatar ka Dan bani dama koda a chart ne yadda zamu kara tattaunawa akan gyaregyare na wadan da ya kamata ace na gyara ina godiya. [[User:Ustaxabunuhu|Ustaxabunuhu]] ([[User talk:Ustaxabunuhu|talk]]) 16:38, 1 Satumba 2023 (UTC) ::Hey oga gwanki I hope you so much you are doing well edit saratu gidado article in fulfulde and hausa [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 20:24, 10 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Share Shafi == Share shafi [[Sahrul Projectt]] Sockpuppet ne ya ƙirƙira. Dubi: [[:id:Wikipedia:Penyalahgunaan_jangka_panjang/Sahrul_Projectt]]. [[User:Willnothappen|Willnothappen]] ([[User talk:Willnothappen|talk]]) 09:19, 23 Oktoba 2023 (UTC) == Email == Aslm, Barka da Aiki @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]. Na maka magana ta Email, ta hanyar (Email This User). [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 16:57, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) :Assalam Alaikum [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] I'm sorry, na ga sakon ka na kuma fahimci komi. Zan maka karin bayani a email din, sorry for late reply. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:23, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) == Spam == ‎[[Viraj Ashwin]], ‎[[Abhay Kumar]] Spam [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 18:28, 10 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == [[Sushi Kaneyoshi]] == Barka da Sir Na kirkiro wannan labarin tare da taimakon fassarar MinT Machine shine wannan labarin mai kyau? Ina inganta kwarewata na gyara? ko don Allah ku shawarce ni da wasu ci gaba. Zan bi su a shafi na gaba. [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 15:34, 16 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2024 Writing Competition == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Hope you are doing well, Wishing you a Happy New Year!. We extend a heartfelt invitation to you to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition, which is scheduled to take place from February 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024. This year's edition of Feminism and Folklore will concentrate on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics, aligning with a Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus and featuring a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. This year we have created two new Tools for the Feminism and Folklore project. The tool is called '''Campwiz'''. This tool is created by the international Tech team of Wiki Loves Folkore especially crafted for Feminism and Folklore project. The tool works as same as fountain or dashboard but has extra abilities required for jury and submission of articles. To create a new campaign on Campwiz, organizers to follow these steps: # Go to the tool link: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> # Select your wiki on which you want to organize the campaign (enter the name or short code, such as "{{CONTENTLANG}}" for {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}). # Give your campaign a name example "Feminism and Folklore 2024 on {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}})". # Select the start and end dates (note: keep your start date as Feb 1 and end date as March 31). # Provide a description for your campaign (you can briefly describe the campaign in this section). # Make sure to keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow users to submit articles that were not created but expanded." if you want to use the campaign for expanded articles also. # Keep minimum added bytes as 4000 and minimum added words as 400 and click next. # In the jury section, keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow jury members to participate in the campaign" and "Prevent jury members from seeing each other's votes." As per your preference. # Under the jury search box, type the username of your jury and click on the "+" button to add; you can add multiple jury members. # Click next to review and then click on save. With this we have also created a '''Missing article tool'''. This tool identifies articles in the English Wikipedia that are absent from your native language Wikipedia. You can customize your selection criteria, and our tool will provide you with a table displaying the missing articles along with suggested titles. You also have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Both tools, the Missing Article Tool and the Campwiz Tool, are now available for public use during the Feminism and Folklore campaign. You can find more information about these tools here: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> There are also some changes in the rules and criteria's. Please go through the rules below. # '''Minimum Length:''' The expanded or new article should have a minimum of '''''4000 bytes or 400 words''''', ensuring sufficient depth and coverage of the chosen topic. The local organizers are free to choose the minimum length criteria as per needs of their local Wikipedia and must be clearly mention on local project page. # '''Language Quality:''' Articles should not be poorly machine-translated, ensuring that language quality and readability are maintained at a high standard. # '''Timeline of Creation or Expansion:''' The article should be created or expanded between 1 February and 31 March, aligning with the specified contest timeline. # '''Theme Relevance''': Articles should directly address the theme of feminism and folklore, exploring connections between gender, cultural traditions, and intangible heritage. # '''No Orphaned Articles:''' Articles must not be orphaned, meaning they should be linked from at least one other article to ensure visibility within the Wikipedia ecosystem. # '''No Copyright violations:''' There should be no copyright violations, and articles should adhere to local Wikipedia policies on notability, ensuring that the content meets the standards for notability. # '''Adequate references and Citations:''' Each article should include proper references and citations following local Wikipedia policies, ensuring the reliability and credibility of the information presented. Learn more about the contest details and prizes on our project page [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|here]]. Should you require any assistance, please feel free to contact us on our meta talk page or via email. We eagerly anticipate your enthusiastic coordination and participation in Feminism and Folklore 2024. Thank you and Best wishes, '''Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team''' --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:51, 18 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=26088038 --> == [[Anthony Kiedis]] == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]Shin za ku bincika cewa wannan labarin da aka kirkira yana da kyau? [[User:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|Bilal Mustafa Sheikh]] ([[User talk:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|talk]]) 08:05, 28 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) ==Aisha Aliyu Bokuta== Salam @[[Gwanki]] na Lura kaman ka dakatar da edit da nakeyi yanzu. Ko meyasa? [[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]] ([[User talk:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|talk]]) 15:38, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) :Wls @[[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]], A'a ban kulle ki ba, na dai goge wata muƙalar da kika yi guda daya ne Sammakon ba makala kika fassara ba. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 20:04, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Organising Feminism and Folklore == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | 350px | right]] Hello Community Organizers, Thank you for organising Feminism and Folklore writing competition on your wiki. We congratulate you in joining and celebrating our cultural heritage and promoting gender equality on Wikipedia. To encourage boost for the contributions of the participants, we're offering prizes for Feminism and Folklore local prizes. Each Wikipedia will have three local winners: *First Prize: $15 USD *Second Prize: $10 USD *Best Jury Article: $5 USD All this will be in '''gift voucher format only'''. Kindly inform your local community regarding these prizes and post them on the local project page The Best Jury Article will be chosen by the jury based on how unique the article is aligned with the theme. The jury will review all submissions and decide the winner together, making sure it's fair. These articles will also be featured on our social media handles. We're also providing internet and childcare support to the first 50 organizers and Jury members for who request for it. Remember, only 50 organizers will get this support, and it's given on a first-come, first-served basis. The registration form will close after 50 registrations, and the deadline is March 15, 2024. This support is optional and not compulsory, so if you're interested, fill out the form [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdnytyact-HR6DvsWwnrVeWuzMfuNH1dSjpF24m6od-f3LzZQ/viewform here]. Each organizer/jury who gets support will receive $30 USD in gift voucher format, even if they're involved in more than one wiki. No dual support will be provided if you have signed up in more than one language. This support is meant to appreciate your volunteer support for the contest. We also invite all organizers and jury members to join us for office hours on '''Saturday, March 2, 2024'''. This session will help you understand the jury process for both contests and give you a chance to ask questions. More details are on [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2024_Office_Hour_2 meta page]. Let's celebrate our different cultures and work towards gender equality on Wikipedia! Best regards, Rockpeterson [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:56, 29 ga Faburairu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/fnf2024golbal&oldid=26304232 --> == Wai kai ya zaka bataman aiki bayan kuma baka kara wani abu akan articles din == Imposter [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 00:19, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Aslm @[[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]], Ni bana ɓata aikin kowa sai dai na gyara. Kayi maƙaloli sama da 600 amma kaso 90% ba masu kyau ne ba. A baya na gyara kusan 40% na maƙalolin ka wajen haɗa su da Wikidata. Yanzu ma na ga ka dawo ka ci gaba da yin irin su saboda haka ka daina yin reverts na gyaran da na ma ba tare da dalili ba. Cigaba da yin haka sabawa ƙa'idar editing Wikipedia ne. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 06:32, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) == Reporting unattributed machine translations + copyright violations == Hello! I'm Vermont, a [[m:Stewards|steward]]. Apologies for writing in English. I couldn't find whether the Hausa Wikipedia has an admin noticeboard, so I'm messaging you directly. Yesterday I noticed that [[Special:CentralAuth/787IYO|787IYO]] has been creating many pages which are just English Wikipedia articles put through Google Translate. I spot-checked 5 articles, and none of their text was modified from the Google Translate'd version at all. Unmodified machine translations are generally not very good, and also has resulted in broken links and tables, examples: [[Harshen Bilen]] and [[Harshen Lemerig]]. I left the user a [[:meta:User talk:787IYO#Copyright violations and machine translation|message on their Meta-Wiki talk page]] asking them to go back and add attribution to the English Wikipedia articles (which is required by the CC BY-SA 4.0 license) and check for errors in translation. 787IYO confirmed that they would do this, however... When I checked their edits today, I noticed they just created this article: [[Hutun Haihuwa]]. The one source is a copyrighted website, and the article's content is machine-translated from that website. Specifically, from the first paragraph "Maternity leave refers to..." and the "How long is maternity leave?" section. Given that the website's content is copyrighted, this article should be deleted. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 15:43, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Dear @[[User:Vermont|Vermont]], :Thank you for bringing this to my attention. I appreciate your efforts in highlighting the issues with [[User:787IYO|787IYO]]'s contributions. I will thoroughly review the user's contributions and take appropriate action, including the deletion of any non-compliant articles. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 17:15, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::Hi! Thanks. To note, it's ongoing: [[Shareefah Ibrahim]] (created 3 hours ago) is an unmodified Google Translate of [https://authorpedia.net/our-authors/sheefah-zarma/ this copyrighted authorpedia.net] post. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 21:01, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::This has not yet been resolved, and the user was unfortunately elected as an administrator. I've left another message on their talk page. In a worst case, you or someone else can probably just delete the content. [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 16:05, 25 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Next Steps and Feedback Request for Feminism and Folklore Organizers == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] Dear Organizer, I hope this message finds you well. First and foremost, I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause. As the campaign draws to a close, I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|sign-up page]]. Once the jury process is completed, kindly update the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2024'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on our Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed. Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights. Therefore, I kindly ask you to spare just 10 minutes to share your progress and achievements with us through a Google Form survey. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful. Here's the link to the survey: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfCkFONXlPVlakMmdh-BWtZp0orYBCSVvViJPbsjf2TIXAWvw/viewform?usp=sf_link Survey Google Form Link] Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon. Warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team #WeTogether''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:26, 7 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Article created by LTA== Hello, the article [[Nick Barua]] should be deleted. This was created by a LTA from IP. This article has been deleted from many wikis multiple time, including enwiki [[:en:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nick Barua]], [[:pt:Wikipédia:Páginas para eliminar/Nick Barua]], [[:ja: Wikipedia:削除依頼/ニック・バルア]], bnwiki etc. [[User:আফতাবুজ্জামান|আফতাবুজ্জামান]] ([[User talk:আফতাবুজ্জামান|talk]]) 18:07, 14 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) :Hey oga gwanki master of hausa Wikipedia I hope you so much I am fulfulde Wikipedia editer Adamu from yobe state you a doing well in hausa Wikipedia keep trying sir gwanki [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 09:02, 19 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia, Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC. Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a. Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]]. Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki. A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_2&oldid=26721207 --> == Spam == Hi, I am from the English Wikipedia. The page [[Namaste Henry]] was created by a spammer. Please delete it. [[User:Un assiolo|Un assiolo]] ([[User talk:Un assiolo|talk]]) 19:49, 12 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Gaisuwa masu kyau daga sabon wikipedian == Hello Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, please guide me how to contribute here, hereby am afraid of getting unwanted ban / ip block. if such issue is there kindly drop a message on my talk page please, because i don't want any issue here, so am happy to contribute here, thank you, do guide and tell me if i have done any mistake or anything else . thank you . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:51, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) :Assalamu alaikum Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, da fatan za a bani gudunmawar da zan bayar a nan, don haka ina tsoron samun ban / ip block maras so. idan irin wannan batu yana da kyau a sauke sako a shafina don Allah, saboda ba na son wani batu a nan, don haka ina farin cikin bayar da gudummawa a nan, na gode, yi jagora kuma ku gaya mani idan na yi kuskure ko wani abu. na gode . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:52, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Thank You for Your Contribution to Feminism and Folklore 2024! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in organizing the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeHYAhFA9Q5vUs9UA1N45TOUxUdSNO8igGTmg4oPUL_qXS1EQ/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] by August 15th, 2024. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2025. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:28, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) </div>. <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Neman taimako kan saka hoto == @user gwanki ina saka hotunan kasa idan na lurabda cewa mukalar tana magana kan dan kasar bansan hakan ya sabawa doka ba,kna bukatar karin bayani pls [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 21:28, 19 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Gyaran akan WPWP == @Gwanki zan gyara nagode [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 05:29, 20 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Inquiry == Hello, why did you delete my article titled ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]])?! [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 16:07, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Hi @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], the article is already exist as [[Daular Safawiyya]]. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:36, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) ::There is a difference between the two articles. The first article ([[Daular Safawiyya]]) deals with the subject from all aspects in brief, while the article ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]]) deals only with the historical aspect and conveys it in detail, and this is very common in Wikipedia in all languages. In addition, the article you deleted contains very detailed and important information that I collected from Persian, English and Arabic sources, and I put a great effort into it, so I hope you restore the article. [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 13:59, 21 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :::Hello @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], Thanks for improving Hausa Wikipedia. I understand your request and I restored it. Thank you for understanding [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:37, 22 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Report == Hello, please check this IP for advertising/spam: [[Musamman:Contributions/2401:4900:7165:970A:8C46:A2FF:FE18:828B]] Thanks. [[User:Ternera|Ternera]] ([[User talk:Ternera|talk]]) 21:19, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Thanks for the alarming. 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Karin Bayani == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]] barka da kokari, naga ka goge mukalar "Hispanophone" ko zan iya sanin dalili? [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 06:14, 28 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Turai == Hello, Gwanki. You appear to have partly hijacked the article on Europe in Hausa [[Turai|ha:Turai]] to replace it with an article about a personal name. This is clearly wrong. You should have created a separate article about the name, not hijacked it. You have then changed the enwiki entry in [[wikidata:Q46|Q46]] to point to [[:en:Turai]] instead of [[:en:Europe]]. This caused a serious problem in enwiki (the article [[:en:Europe]] was no longer linked to other articles about Europe), and I have changed it back. What should happen is that your Hausa article should be moved to a different name (in enwiki is would be something like "Turai (name)"), and the original [[Turai|ha:Turai]] article about Europe should be restored; Then you can create a new Wikidata item about the name "Turai" and link your new Hausa article and [[:en:Turai]] through it. (I have posted on your User Talk page in Wikidata as well, and on the Interwiki conflicts page in Wikidata). [[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 15:37, 25 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) ::Thank you for correcting [[Turai]]. --[[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 21:32, 26 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklores 2024 Organizers Feedback == Dear Organizer, [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | right | frameless]] We extend our heartfelt gratitude for your invaluable contributions to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2024 Feminism and Folklore 2024]. Your dedication to promoting feminist perspectives on Wikimedia platforms has been instrumental in the campaign's success. To better understand your initiatives and impact, we invite you to participate in a short survey (5-7 minutes). Your feedback will help us document your achievements in our report and showcase your story in our upcoming blog, highlighting the diversity of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore] initiatives. Click to participate in the [https://forms.gle/dSeoDP1r7S4KCrVZ6 survey]. By participating in the By participating in the survey, you help us share your efforts in reports and upcoming blogs. This will help showcase and amplify your work, inspiring others to join the movement. The survey covers: #Community engagement and participation #Challenges and successes #Partnership Thank you again for your tireless efforts in promoting [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore]. Best regards,<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 14:23, 26 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == [Reminder] Apply for Cycle 3 Grants by December 1st! == Dear Feminism and Folklore Organizers, We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 3 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by December 1st. For a comprehensive guide on how to apply, please refer to the Wiki Loves Folklore Grant Toolkit: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_Grant_Toolkit Additionally, you can find detailed information on the Rapid Grant timeline here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid#Timeline We appreciate your continuous efforts and contributions to our campaigns. Should you have any questions or need further assistance, please do not hesitate to reach out: '''support@wikilovesfolkore.org''' Kind regards, <br> On behalf of the Wiki Loves Folklore International Team. <br> [[User:Joris Darlington Quarshie | Joris Darlington Quarshie]] ([[User talk:Joris Darlington Quarshie|talk]]) 08:39, 9 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == rshmallow ko kuma irin wannan ɗanɗanon Afrikaner, malvelekker, wanda aka yi tare da tsantsa na marsh mallow.[6] == Inasan kalura da kyau ka kara karanta abun da na rubuta a mukalata da ka give ni aganina ko Wanda ya fara koyon Hausa zai iyya gane abun da na rubuta ni a wikipedia ba komi Nike nema ba wurinka sai adalci idan akamin adalci kadai ya isheni [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 09:56, 2 Disamba 2024 (UTC) q3mvjhszjjrxo97zjsu10govr6fxfy6 550234 550233 2024-12-02T09:56:55Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* rshmallow ko kuma irin wannan ɗanɗanon Afrikaner, malvelekker, wanda aka yi tare da tsantsa na marsh mallow.[6] */ 550234 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Ina bukatar adalci== Sunana Abdulrahim Abdullahi Sani ina bukatar adalci a cikin wannan korafi nawa. Na kasance ina bada gudummuwa a cikin wannan man haja ta Hausa Wikipedia. Ina gyara da kuma kirkirar sababbin mukaloli. A iya sani na ina kiyaye duk wata doka ta kirkirar mukaloli sannan in sanya musu Manazarta kamar yadda doka tace. Amma @gwanki ya goge man mukuloli duka da na kirkira ba tare da kafa wata hujja ba akan dalilin gogewa. Haka zalika bai gargadeni ba akan ina wani abu da bai kamata ba. Bugu da kari ya goge shafina (profile) ba tare da sanar dani ba. Saboda haka ina bukatar sauran admins da shigo cikin wannan korafin nawa domin ta tabbatar da adalci. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) ([[User talk: Saifullahi As|talk]]) [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] [[User:Abdultambura18|Abdultambura18]] ([[User talk:Abdultambura18|talk]]) 18:17, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ==Korafi== sunana ibrahim abusufyan ina yin wannan korafin ne duba da yanda kake yawan shiga cikin al'amurana a wannan shafi na wikipedia ka kasance kana yawan san kaga kagano laifikana domin ka yi gagawar daukar hukunci,nakasance ina cikin wata gasa ta dora hotuna inda kaje ka goge hotunan da na dora da dama,anma da na lura da yanda abokan gasa ta suke sa hotunan sai naga bashi da banbanci da yanda nikeyi tun a wannna lokacin nafara zargin cewa anya ba kanamin haka bane da wata manufa ,kwanaki nayi gasar vital article i da kagigemin mukallu akalla guda ar'bain batare da yimin gargadi ba ko kafa kwakwarar huja wanda aikin admin aiki ne na gaskiya ba wai aikin san rai ba, ni atunani na idan admin yaga kana aikata badai dai ba zai farama magana ne jn kaki ji to sai ya dau hukunci anma haka kadinka bin duk wata mukala da naui kana gogewa badare da sanar dani in gyara ba to hakika tura takai bango saboda abubuwan da kakemin sun fara sa ni ina loosing interest akan duk wani abu na wikipedia wanda hakan na tabbata bashine anfanin admin ba nasu rinka korat mutane daga editing ba,zan bada kwakawarar hujoji da zasu gamsar da admins yan uwanka cewa tsakanina da kai kawai kiyaya ce bawai kanayi banae dan in gyara domin hakan ne kadai zaisa ,kabaryimin abunda kakemin ba bisa ka ida ba[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 17:39, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ==Article about Tony Rinaudo?== In Niger's desolate Sahel region, Australian agricultural expert Tony Rinaudo found out that even the most devastated regions are criss-crossed by an endless network of roots: "An underground forest". Would you like to write an article about him ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Rinaudo Tony Rinaudo]) as "He inspired farmers to carry on this work over the years. Rinaudo's pioneering technique is called Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration, or FMNR."[8] The FMNR website describes the technique as a "low-cost land restoration technique used to combat poverty and hunger amongst poor subsistence farmers by increasing food and timber production and resilience to climate extremes".[8][9][10] He consequently earned the nickname "the Forest Maker".[11]" Yours --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 18:51, 6 ga Yuni, 2023 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - A Heartfelt Appreciation for Your Impactful Contribution! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeXZaej264LOTM0WQBq9QiGGAC1SWg_pbPByD7gp3sC4j7VKQ/viewform this form] by August 15th, 2023. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2024. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:37, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2023p&oldid=25345565 --> My heartfelt congratulations! --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 22:03, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) :Thank you very much [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:19, 26 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) ::Assalamu Alaikum , Masha Allah ina godiya mln Abu amma Dan Allah ina bukatar ka Dan bani dama koda a chart ne yadda zamu kara tattaunawa akan gyaregyare na wadan da ya kamata ace na gyara ina godiya. [[User:Ustaxabunuhu|Ustaxabunuhu]] ([[User talk:Ustaxabunuhu|talk]]) 16:38, 1 Satumba 2023 (UTC) ::Hey oga gwanki I hope you so much you are doing well edit saratu gidado article in fulfulde and hausa [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 20:24, 10 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Share Shafi == Share shafi [[Sahrul Projectt]] Sockpuppet ne ya ƙirƙira. Dubi: [[:id:Wikipedia:Penyalahgunaan_jangka_panjang/Sahrul_Projectt]]. [[User:Willnothappen|Willnothappen]] ([[User talk:Willnothappen|talk]]) 09:19, 23 Oktoba 2023 (UTC) == Email == Aslm, Barka da Aiki @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]. Na maka magana ta Email, ta hanyar (Email This User). [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 16:57, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) :Assalam Alaikum [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] I'm sorry, na ga sakon ka na kuma fahimci komi. Zan maka karin bayani a email din, sorry for late reply. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:23, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) == Spam == ‎[[Viraj Ashwin]], ‎[[Abhay Kumar]] Spam [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 18:28, 10 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == [[Sushi Kaneyoshi]] == Barka da Sir Na kirkiro wannan labarin tare da taimakon fassarar MinT Machine shine wannan labarin mai kyau? Ina inganta kwarewata na gyara? ko don Allah ku shawarce ni da wasu ci gaba. Zan bi su a shafi na gaba. [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 15:34, 16 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2024 Writing Competition == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Hope you are doing well, Wishing you a Happy New Year!. We extend a heartfelt invitation to you to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition, which is scheduled to take place from February 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024. This year's edition of Feminism and Folklore will concentrate on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics, aligning with a Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus and featuring a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. This year we have created two new Tools for the Feminism and Folklore project. The tool is called '''Campwiz'''. This tool is created by the international Tech team of Wiki Loves Folkore especially crafted for Feminism and Folklore project. The tool works as same as fountain or dashboard but has extra abilities required for jury and submission of articles. To create a new campaign on Campwiz, organizers to follow these steps: # Go to the tool link: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> # Select your wiki on which you want to organize the campaign (enter the name or short code, such as "{{CONTENTLANG}}" for {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}). # Give your campaign a name example "Feminism and Folklore 2024 on {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}})". # Select the start and end dates (note: keep your start date as Feb 1 and end date as March 31). # Provide a description for your campaign (you can briefly describe the campaign in this section). # Make sure to keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow users to submit articles that were not created but expanded." if you want to use the campaign for expanded articles also. # Keep minimum added bytes as 4000 and minimum added words as 400 and click next. # In the jury section, keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow jury members to participate in the campaign" and "Prevent jury members from seeing each other's votes." As per your preference. # Under the jury search box, type the username of your jury and click on the "+" button to add; you can add multiple jury members. # Click next to review and then click on save. With this we have also created a '''Missing article tool'''. This tool identifies articles in the English Wikipedia that are absent from your native language Wikipedia. You can customize your selection criteria, and our tool will provide you with a table displaying the missing articles along with suggested titles. You also have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Both tools, the Missing Article Tool and the Campwiz Tool, are now available for public use during the Feminism and Folklore campaign. You can find more information about these tools here: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> There are also some changes in the rules and criteria's. Please go through the rules below. # '''Minimum Length:''' The expanded or new article should have a minimum of '''''4000 bytes or 400 words''''', ensuring sufficient depth and coverage of the chosen topic. The local organizers are free to choose the minimum length criteria as per needs of their local Wikipedia and must be clearly mention on local project page. # '''Language Quality:''' Articles should not be poorly machine-translated, ensuring that language quality and readability are maintained at a high standard. # '''Timeline of Creation or Expansion:''' The article should be created or expanded between 1 February and 31 March, aligning with the specified contest timeline. # '''Theme Relevance''': Articles should directly address the theme of feminism and folklore, exploring connections between gender, cultural traditions, and intangible heritage. # '''No Orphaned Articles:''' Articles must not be orphaned, meaning they should be linked from at least one other article to ensure visibility within the Wikipedia ecosystem. # '''No Copyright violations:''' There should be no copyright violations, and articles should adhere to local Wikipedia policies on notability, ensuring that the content meets the standards for notability. # '''Adequate references and Citations:''' Each article should include proper references and citations following local Wikipedia policies, ensuring the reliability and credibility of the information presented. Learn more about the contest details and prizes on our project page [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|here]]. Should you require any assistance, please feel free to contact us on our meta talk page or via email. We eagerly anticipate your enthusiastic coordination and participation in Feminism and Folklore 2024. Thank you and Best wishes, '''Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team''' --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:51, 18 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=26088038 --> == [[Anthony Kiedis]] == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]Shin za ku bincika cewa wannan labarin da aka kirkira yana da kyau? [[User:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|Bilal Mustafa Sheikh]] ([[User talk:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|talk]]) 08:05, 28 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) ==Aisha Aliyu Bokuta== Salam @[[Gwanki]] na Lura kaman ka dakatar da edit da nakeyi yanzu. Ko meyasa? [[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]] ([[User talk:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|talk]]) 15:38, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) :Wls @[[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]], A'a ban kulle ki ba, na dai goge wata muƙalar da kika yi guda daya ne Sammakon ba makala kika fassara ba. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 20:04, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Organising Feminism and Folklore == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | 350px | right]] Hello Community Organizers, Thank you for organising Feminism and Folklore writing competition on your wiki. We congratulate you in joining and celebrating our cultural heritage and promoting gender equality on Wikipedia. To encourage boost for the contributions of the participants, we're offering prizes for Feminism and Folklore local prizes. Each Wikipedia will have three local winners: *First Prize: $15 USD *Second Prize: $10 USD *Best Jury Article: $5 USD All this will be in '''gift voucher format only'''. Kindly inform your local community regarding these prizes and post them on the local project page The Best Jury Article will be chosen by the jury based on how unique the article is aligned with the theme. The jury will review all submissions and decide the winner together, making sure it's fair. These articles will also be featured on our social media handles. We're also providing internet and childcare support to the first 50 organizers and Jury members for who request for it. Remember, only 50 organizers will get this support, and it's given on a first-come, first-served basis. The registration form will close after 50 registrations, and the deadline is March 15, 2024. This support is optional and not compulsory, so if you're interested, fill out the form [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdnytyact-HR6DvsWwnrVeWuzMfuNH1dSjpF24m6od-f3LzZQ/viewform here]. Each organizer/jury who gets support will receive $30 USD in gift voucher format, even if they're involved in more than one wiki. No dual support will be provided if you have signed up in more than one language. This support is meant to appreciate your volunteer support for the contest. We also invite all organizers and jury members to join us for office hours on '''Saturday, March 2, 2024'''. This session will help you understand the jury process for both contests and give you a chance to ask questions. More details are on [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2024_Office_Hour_2 meta page]. Let's celebrate our different cultures and work towards gender equality on Wikipedia! Best regards, Rockpeterson [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:56, 29 ga Faburairu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/fnf2024golbal&oldid=26304232 --> == Wai kai ya zaka bataman aiki bayan kuma baka kara wani abu akan articles din == Imposter [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 00:19, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Aslm @[[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]], Ni bana ɓata aikin kowa sai dai na gyara. Kayi maƙaloli sama da 600 amma kaso 90% ba masu kyau ne ba. A baya na gyara kusan 40% na maƙalolin ka wajen haɗa su da Wikidata. Yanzu ma na ga ka dawo ka ci gaba da yin irin su saboda haka ka daina yin reverts na gyaran da na ma ba tare da dalili ba. Cigaba da yin haka sabawa ƙa'idar editing Wikipedia ne. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 06:32, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) == Reporting unattributed machine translations + copyright violations == Hello! I'm Vermont, a [[m:Stewards|steward]]. Apologies for writing in English. I couldn't find whether the Hausa Wikipedia has an admin noticeboard, so I'm messaging you directly. Yesterday I noticed that [[Special:CentralAuth/787IYO|787IYO]] has been creating many pages which are just English Wikipedia articles put through Google Translate. I spot-checked 5 articles, and none of their text was modified from the Google Translate'd version at all. Unmodified machine translations are generally not very good, and also has resulted in broken links and tables, examples: [[Harshen Bilen]] and [[Harshen Lemerig]]. I left the user a [[:meta:User talk:787IYO#Copyright violations and machine translation|message on their Meta-Wiki talk page]] asking them to go back and add attribution to the English Wikipedia articles (which is required by the CC BY-SA 4.0 license) and check for errors in translation. 787IYO confirmed that they would do this, however... When I checked their edits today, I noticed they just created this article: [[Hutun Haihuwa]]. The one source is a copyrighted website, and the article's content is machine-translated from that website. Specifically, from the first paragraph "Maternity leave refers to..." and the "How long is maternity leave?" section. Given that the website's content is copyrighted, this article should be deleted. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 15:43, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Dear @[[User:Vermont|Vermont]], :Thank you for bringing this to my attention. I appreciate your efforts in highlighting the issues with [[User:787IYO|787IYO]]'s contributions. I will thoroughly review the user's contributions and take appropriate action, including the deletion of any non-compliant articles. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 17:15, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::Hi! Thanks. To note, it's ongoing: [[Shareefah Ibrahim]] (created 3 hours ago) is an unmodified Google Translate of [https://authorpedia.net/our-authors/sheefah-zarma/ this copyrighted authorpedia.net] post. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 21:01, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::This has not yet been resolved, and the user was unfortunately elected as an administrator. I've left another message on their talk page. In a worst case, you or someone else can probably just delete the content. [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 16:05, 25 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Next Steps and Feedback Request for Feminism and Folklore Organizers == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] Dear Organizer, I hope this message finds you well. First and foremost, I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause. As the campaign draws to a close, I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|sign-up page]]. Once the jury process is completed, kindly update the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2024'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on our Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed. Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights. Therefore, I kindly ask you to spare just 10 minutes to share your progress and achievements with us through a Google Form survey. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful. Here's the link to the survey: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfCkFONXlPVlakMmdh-BWtZp0orYBCSVvViJPbsjf2TIXAWvw/viewform?usp=sf_link Survey Google Form Link] Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon. Warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team #WeTogether''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:26, 7 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Article created by LTA== Hello, the article [[Nick Barua]] should be deleted. This was created by a LTA from IP. This article has been deleted from many wikis multiple time, including enwiki [[:en:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nick Barua]], [[:pt:Wikipédia:Páginas para eliminar/Nick Barua]], [[:ja: Wikipedia:削除依頼/ニック・バルア]], bnwiki etc. [[User:আফতাবুজ্জামান|আফতাবুজ্জামান]] ([[User talk:আফতাবুজ্জামান|talk]]) 18:07, 14 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) :Hey oga gwanki master of hausa Wikipedia I hope you so much I am fulfulde Wikipedia editer Adamu from yobe state you a doing well in hausa Wikipedia keep trying sir gwanki [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 09:02, 19 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia, Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC. Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a. Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]]. Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki. A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_2&oldid=26721207 --> == Spam == Hi, I am from the English Wikipedia. The page [[Namaste Henry]] was created by a spammer. Please delete it. [[User:Un assiolo|Un assiolo]] ([[User talk:Un assiolo|talk]]) 19:49, 12 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Gaisuwa masu kyau daga sabon wikipedian == Hello Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, please guide me how to contribute here, hereby am afraid of getting unwanted ban / ip block. if such issue is there kindly drop a message on my talk page please, because i don't want any issue here, so am happy to contribute here, thank you, do guide and tell me if i have done any mistake or anything else . thank you . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:51, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) :Assalamu alaikum Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, da fatan za a bani gudunmawar da zan bayar a nan, don haka ina tsoron samun ban / ip block maras so. idan irin wannan batu yana da kyau a sauke sako a shafina don Allah, saboda ba na son wani batu a nan, don haka ina farin cikin bayar da gudummawa a nan, na gode, yi jagora kuma ku gaya mani idan na yi kuskure ko wani abu. na gode . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:52, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Thank You for Your Contribution to Feminism and Folklore 2024! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in organizing the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeHYAhFA9Q5vUs9UA1N45TOUxUdSNO8igGTmg4oPUL_qXS1EQ/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] by August 15th, 2024. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2025. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:28, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) </div>. <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Neman taimako kan saka hoto == @user gwanki ina saka hotunan kasa idan na lurabda cewa mukalar tana magana kan dan kasar bansan hakan ya sabawa doka ba,kna bukatar karin bayani pls [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 21:28, 19 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Gyaran akan WPWP == @Gwanki zan gyara nagode [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 05:29, 20 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Inquiry == Hello, why did you delete my article titled ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]])?! [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 16:07, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Hi @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], the article is already exist as [[Daular Safawiyya]]. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:36, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) ::There is a difference between the two articles. The first article ([[Daular Safawiyya]]) deals with the subject from all aspects in brief, while the article ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]]) deals only with the historical aspect and conveys it in detail, and this is very common in Wikipedia in all languages. In addition, the article you deleted contains very detailed and important information that I collected from Persian, English and Arabic sources, and I put a great effort into it, so I hope you restore the article. [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 13:59, 21 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :::Hello @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], Thanks for improving Hausa Wikipedia. I understand your request and I restored it. Thank you for understanding [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:37, 22 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Report == Hello, please check this IP for advertising/spam: [[Musamman:Contributions/2401:4900:7165:970A:8C46:A2FF:FE18:828B]] Thanks. [[User:Ternera|Ternera]] ([[User talk:Ternera|talk]]) 21:19, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Thanks for the alarming. 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Karin Bayani == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]] barka da kokari, naga ka goge mukalar "Hispanophone" ko zan iya sanin dalili? [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 06:14, 28 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Turai == Hello, Gwanki. You appear to have partly hijacked the article on Europe in Hausa [[Turai|ha:Turai]] to replace it with an article about a personal name. This is clearly wrong. You should have created a separate article about the name, not hijacked it. You have then changed the enwiki entry in [[wikidata:Q46|Q46]] to point to [[:en:Turai]] instead of [[:en:Europe]]. This caused a serious problem in enwiki (the article [[:en:Europe]] was no longer linked to other articles about Europe), and I have changed it back. What should happen is that your Hausa article should be moved to a different name (in enwiki is would be something like "Turai (name)"), and the original [[Turai|ha:Turai]] article about Europe should be restored; Then you can create a new Wikidata item about the name "Turai" and link your new Hausa article and [[:en:Turai]] through it. (I have posted on your User Talk page in Wikidata as well, and on the Interwiki conflicts page in Wikidata). [[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 15:37, 25 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) ::Thank you for correcting [[Turai]]. --[[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 21:32, 26 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklores 2024 Organizers Feedback == Dear Organizer, [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | right | frameless]] We extend our heartfelt gratitude for your invaluable contributions to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2024 Feminism and Folklore 2024]. Your dedication to promoting feminist perspectives on Wikimedia platforms has been instrumental in the campaign's success. To better understand your initiatives and impact, we invite you to participate in a short survey (5-7 minutes). Your feedback will help us document your achievements in our report and showcase your story in our upcoming blog, highlighting the diversity of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore] initiatives. Click to participate in the [https://forms.gle/dSeoDP1r7S4KCrVZ6 survey]. By participating in the By participating in the survey, you help us share your efforts in reports and upcoming blogs. This will help showcase and amplify your work, inspiring others to join the movement. The survey covers: #Community engagement and participation #Challenges and successes #Partnership Thank you again for your tireless efforts in promoting [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore]. Best regards,<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 14:23, 26 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == [Reminder] Apply for Cycle 3 Grants by December 1st! == Dear Feminism and Folklore Organizers, We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 3 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by December 1st. For a comprehensive guide on how to apply, please refer to the Wiki Loves Folklore Grant Toolkit: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_Grant_Toolkit Additionally, you can find detailed information on the Rapid Grant timeline here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid#Timeline We appreciate your continuous efforts and contributions to our campaigns. Should you have any questions or need further assistance, please do not hesitate to reach out: '''support@wikilovesfolkore.org''' Kind regards, <br> On behalf of the Wiki Loves Folklore International Team. <br> [[User:Joris Darlington Quarshie | Joris Darlington Quarshie]] ([[User talk:Joris Darlington Quarshie|talk]]) 08:39, 9 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == nemana == Inasan kalura da kyau ka kara karanta abun da na rubuta a mukalata da ka give ni aganina ko Wanda ya fara koyon Hausa zai iyya gane abun da na rubuta ni a wikipedia ba komi Nike nema ba wurinka sai adalci idan akamin adalci kadai ya isheni [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 09:56, 2 Disamba 2024 (UTC) gmi1k231waugu14pqnchw7aq810ke0j 550235 550234 2024-12-02T09:57:20Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* nemana */ 550235 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Ina bukatar adalci== Sunana Abdulrahim Abdullahi Sani ina bukatar adalci a cikin wannan korafi nawa. Na kasance ina bada gudummuwa a cikin wannan man haja ta Hausa Wikipedia. Ina gyara da kuma kirkirar sababbin mukaloli. A iya sani na ina kiyaye duk wata doka ta kirkirar mukaloli sannan in sanya musu Manazarta kamar yadda doka tace. Amma @gwanki ya goge man mukuloli duka da na kirkira ba tare da kafa wata hujja ba akan dalilin gogewa. Haka zalika bai gargadeni ba akan ina wani abu da bai kamata ba. Bugu da kari ya goge shafina (profile) ba tare da sanar dani ba. Saboda haka ina bukatar sauran admins da shigo cikin wannan korafin nawa domin ta tabbatar da adalci. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) ([[User talk: Saifullahi As|talk]]) [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] [[User:Abdultambura18|Abdultambura18]] ([[User talk:Abdultambura18|talk]]) 18:17, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ==Korafi== sunana ibrahim abusufyan ina yin wannan korafin ne duba da yanda kake yawan shiga cikin al'amurana a wannan shafi na wikipedia ka kasance kana yawan san kaga kagano laifikana domin ka yi gagawar daukar hukunci,nakasance ina cikin wata gasa ta dora hotuna inda kaje ka goge hotunan da na dora da dama,anma da na lura da yanda abokan gasa ta suke sa hotunan sai naga bashi da banbanci da yanda nikeyi tun a wannna lokacin nafara zargin cewa anya ba kanamin haka bane da wata manufa ,kwanaki nayi gasar vital article i da kagigemin mukallu akalla guda ar'bain batare da yimin gargadi ba ko kafa kwakwarar huja wanda aikin admin aiki ne na gaskiya ba wai aikin san rai ba, ni atunani na idan admin yaga kana aikata badai dai ba zai farama magana ne jn kaki ji to sai ya dau hukunci anma haka kadinka bin duk wata mukala da naui kana gogewa badare da sanar dani in gyara ba to hakika tura takai bango saboda abubuwan da kakemin sun fara sa ni ina loosing interest akan duk wani abu na wikipedia wanda hakan na tabbata bashine anfanin admin ba nasu rinka korat mutane daga editing ba,zan bada kwakawarar hujoji da zasu gamsar da admins yan uwanka cewa tsakanina da kai kawai kiyaya ce bawai kanayi banae dan in gyara domin hakan ne kadai zaisa ,kabaryimin abunda kakemin ba bisa ka ida ba[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 17:39, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ==Article about Tony Rinaudo?== In Niger's desolate Sahel region, Australian agricultural expert Tony Rinaudo found out that even the most devastated regions are criss-crossed by an endless network of roots: "An underground forest". Would you like to write an article about him ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Rinaudo Tony Rinaudo]) as "He inspired farmers to carry on this work over the years. Rinaudo's pioneering technique is called Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration, or FMNR."[8] The FMNR website describes the technique as a "low-cost land restoration technique used to combat poverty and hunger amongst poor subsistence farmers by increasing food and timber production and resilience to climate extremes".[8][9][10] He consequently earned the nickname "the Forest Maker".[11]" Yours --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 18:51, 6 ga Yuni, 2023 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - A Heartfelt Appreciation for Your Impactful Contribution! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeXZaej264LOTM0WQBq9QiGGAC1SWg_pbPByD7gp3sC4j7VKQ/viewform this form] by August 15th, 2023. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2024. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:37, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2023p&oldid=25345565 --> My heartfelt congratulations! --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 22:03, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) :Thank you very much [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:19, 26 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) ::Assalamu Alaikum , Masha Allah ina godiya mln Abu amma Dan Allah ina bukatar ka Dan bani dama koda a chart ne yadda zamu kara tattaunawa akan gyaregyare na wadan da ya kamata ace na gyara ina godiya. [[User:Ustaxabunuhu|Ustaxabunuhu]] ([[User talk:Ustaxabunuhu|talk]]) 16:38, 1 Satumba 2023 (UTC) ::Hey oga gwanki I hope you so much you are doing well edit saratu gidado article in fulfulde and hausa [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 20:24, 10 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Share Shafi == Share shafi [[Sahrul Projectt]] Sockpuppet ne ya ƙirƙira. Dubi: [[:id:Wikipedia:Penyalahgunaan_jangka_panjang/Sahrul_Projectt]]. [[User:Willnothappen|Willnothappen]] ([[User talk:Willnothappen|talk]]) 09:19, 23 Oktoba 2023 (UTC) == Email == Aslm, Barka da Aiki @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]. Na maka magana ta Email, ta hanyar (Email This User). [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 16:57, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) :Assalam Alaikum [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] I'm sorry, na ga sakon ka na kuma fahimci komi. Zan maka karin bayani a email din, sorry for late reply. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:23, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) == Spam == ‎[[Viraj Ashwin]], ‎[[Abhay Kumar]] Spam [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 18:28, 10 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == [[Sushi Kaneyoshi]] == Barka da Sir Na kirkiro wannan labarin tare da taimakon fassarar MinT Machine shine wannan labarin mai kyau? Ina inganta kwarewata na gyara? ko don Allah ku shawarce ni da wasu ci gaba. Zan bi su a shafi na gaba. [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 15:34, 16 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2024 Writing Competition == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Hope you are doing well, Wishing you a Happy New Year!. We extend a heartfelt invitation to you to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition, which is scheduled to take place from February 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024. This year's edition of Feminism and Folklore will concentrate on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics, aligning with a Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus and featuring a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. This year we have created two new Tools for the Feminism and Folklore project. The tool is called '''Campwiz'''. This tool is created by the international Tech team of Wiki Loves Folkore especially crafted for Feminism and Folklore project. The tool works as same as fountain or dashboard but has extra abilities required for jury and submission of articles. To create a new campaign on Campwiz, organizers to follow these steps: # Go to the tool link: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> # Select your wiki on which you want to organize the campaign (enter the name or short code, such as "{{CONTENTLANG}}" for {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}). # Give your campaign a name example "Feminism and Folklore 2024 on {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}})". # Select the start and end dates (note: keep your start date as Feb 1 and end date as March 31). # Provide a description for your campaign (you can briefly describe the campaign in this section). # Make sure to keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow users to submit articles that were not created but expanded." if you want to use the campaign for expanded articles also. # Keep minimum added bytes as 4000 and minimum added words as 400 and click next. # In the jury section, keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow jury members to participate in the campaign" and "Prevent jury members from seeing each other's votes." As per your preference. # Under the jury search box, type the username of your jury and click on the "+" button to add; you can add multiple jury members. # Click next to review and then click on save. With this we have also created a '''Missing article tool'''. This tool identifies articles in the English Wikipedia that are absent from your native language Wikipedia. You can customize your selection criteria, and our tool will provide you with a table displaying the missing articles along with suggested titles. You also have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Both tools, the Missing Article Tool and the Campwiz Tool, are now available for public use during the Feminism and Folklore campaign. You can find more information about these tools here: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> There are also some changes in the rules and criteria's. Please go through the rules below. # '''Minimum Length:''' The expanded or new article should have a minimum of '''''4000 bytes or 400 words''''', ensuring sufficient depth and coverage of the chosen topic. The local organizers are free to choose the minimum length criteria as per needs of their local Wikipedia and must be clearly mention on local project page. # '''Language Quality:''' Articles should not be poorly machine-translated, ensuring that language quality and readability are maintained at a high standard. # '''Timeline of Creation or Expansion:''' The article should be created or expanded between 1 February and 31 March, aligning with the specified contest timeline. # '''Theme Relevance''': Articles should directly address the theme of feminism and folklore, exploring connections between gender, cultural traditions, and intangible heritage. # '''No Orphaned Articles:''' Articles must not be orphaned, meaning they should be linked from at least one other article to ensure visibility within the Wikipedia ecosystem. # '''No Copyright violations:''' There should be no copyright violations, and articles should adhere to local Wikipedia policies on notability, ensuring that the content meets the standards for notability. # '''Adequate references and Citations:''' Each article should include proper references and citations following local Wikipedia policies, ensuring the reliability and credibility of the information presented. Learn more about the contest details and prizes on our project page [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|here]]. Should you require any assistance, please feel free to contact us on our meta talk page or via email. We eagerly anticipate your enthusiastic coordination and participation in Feminism and Folklore 2024. Thank you and Best wishes, '''Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team''' --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:51, 18 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=26088038 --> == [[Anthony Kiedis]] == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]Shin za ku bincika cewa wannan labarin da aka kirkira yana da kyau? [[User:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|Bilal Mustafa Sheikh]] ([[User talk:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|talk]]) 08:05, 28 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) ==Aisha Aliyu Bokuta== Salam @[[Gwanki]] na Lura kaman ka dakatar da edit da nakeyi yanzu. Ko meyasa? [[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]] ([[User talk:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|talk]]) 15:38, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) :Wls @[[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]], A'a ban kulle ki ba, na dai goge wata muƙalar da kika yi guda daya ne Sammakon ba makala kika fassara ba. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 20:04, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Organising Feminism and Folklore == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | 350px | right]] Hello Community Organizers, Thank you for organising Feminism and Folklore writing competition on your wiki. We congratulate you in joining and celebrating our cultural heritage and promoting gender equality on Wikipedia. To encourage boost for the contributions of the participants, we're offering prizes for Feminism and Folklore local prizes. Each Wikipedia will have three local winners: *First Prize: $15 USD *Second Prize: $10 USD *Best Jury Article: $5 USD All this will be in '''gift voucher format only'''. Kindly inform your local community regarding these prizes and post them on the local project page The Best Jury Article will be chosen by the jury based on how unique the article is aligned with the theme. The jury will review all submissions and decide the winner together, making sure it's fair. These articles will also be featured on our social media handles. We're also providing internet and childcare support to the first 50 organizers and Jury members for who request for it. Remember, only 50 organizers will get this support, and it's given on a first-come, first-served basis. The registration form will close after 50 registrations, and the deadline is March 15, 2024. This support is optional and not compulsory, so if you're interested, fill out the form [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdnytyact-HR6DvsWwnrVeWuzMfuNH1dSjpF24m6od-f3LzZQ/viewform here]. Each organizer/jury who gets support will receive $30 USD in gift voucher format, even if they're involved in more than one wiki. No dual support will be provided if you have signed up in more than one language. This support is meant to appreciate your volunteer support for the contest. We also invite all organizers and jury members to join us for office hours on '''Saturday, March 2, 2024'''. This session will help you understand the jury process for both contests and give you a chance to ask questions. More details are on [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2024_Office_Hour_2 meta page]. Let's celebrate our different cultures and work towards gender equality on Wikipedia! Best regards, Rockpeterson [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:56, 29 ga Faburairu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/fnf2024golbal&oldid=26304232 --> == Wai kai ya zaka bataman aiki bayan kuma baka kara wani abu akan articles din == Imposter [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 00:19, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Aslm @[[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]], Ni bana ɓata aikin kowa sai dai na gyara. Kayi maƙaloli sama da 600 amma kaso 90% ba masu kyau ne ba. A baya na gyara kusan 40% na maƙalolin ka wajen haɗa su da Wikidata. Yanzu ma na ga ka dawo ka ci gaba da yin irin su saboda haka ka daina yin reverts na gyaran da na ma ba tare da dalili ba. Cigaba da yin haka sabawa ƙa'idar editing Wikipedia ne. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 06:32, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) == Reporting unattributed machine translations + copyright violations == Hello! I'm Vermont, a [[m:Stewards|steward]]. Apologies for writing in English. I couldn't find whether the Hausa Wikipedia has an admin noticeboard, so I'm messaging you directly. Yesterday I noticed that [[Special:CentralAuth/787IYO|787IYO]] has been creating many pages which are just English Wikipedia articles put through Google Translate. I spot-checked 5 articles, and none of their text was modified from the Google Translate'd version at all. Unmodified machine translations are generally not very good, and also has resulted in broken links and tables, examples: [[Harshen Bilen]] and [[Harshen Lemerig]]. I left the user a [[:meta:User talk:787IYO#Copyright violations and machine translation|message on their Meta-Wiki talk page]] asking them to go back and add attribution to the English Wikipedia articles (which is required by the CC BY-SA 4.0 license) and check for errors in translation. 787IYO confirmed that they would do this, however... When I checked their edits today, I noticed they just created this article: [[Hutun Haihuwa]]. The one source is a copyrighted website, and the article's content is machine-translated from that website. Specifically, from the first paragraph "Maternity leave refers to..." and the "How long is maternity leave?" section. Given that the website's content is copyrighted, this article should be deleted. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 15:43, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Dear @[[User:Vermont|Vermont]], :Thank you for bringing this to my attention. I appreciate your efforts in highlighting the issues with [[User:787IYO|787IYO]]'s contributions. I will thoroughly review the user's contributions and take appropriate action, including the deletion of any non-compliant articles. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 17:15, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::Hi! Thanks. To note, it's ongoing: [[Shareefah Ibrahim]] (created 3 hours ago) is an unmodified Google Translate of [https://authorpedia.net/our-authors/sheefah-zarma/ this copyrighted authorpedia.net] post. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 21:01, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::This has not yet been resolved, and the user was unfortunately elected as an administrator. I've left another message on their talk page. In a worst case, you or someone else can probably just delete the content. [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 16:05, 25 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Next Steps and Feedback Request for Feminism and Folklore Organizers == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] Dear Organizer, I hope this message finds you well. First and foremost, I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause. As the campaign draws to a close, I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|sign-up page]]. Once the jury process is completed, kindly update the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2024'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on our Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed. Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights. Therefore, I kindly ask you to spare just 10 minutes to share your progress and achievements with us through a Google Form survey. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful. Here's the link to the survey: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfCkFONXlPVlakMmdh-BWtZp0orYBCSVvViJPbsjf2TIXAWvw/viewform?usp=sf_link Survey Google Form Link] Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon. Warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team #WeTogether''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:26, 7 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Article created by LTA== Hello, the article [[Nick Barua]] should be deleted. This was created by a LTA from IP. This article has been deleted from many wikis multiple time, including enwiki [[:en:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nick Barua]], [[:pt:Wikipédia:Páginas para eliminar/Nick Barua]], [[:ja: Wikipedia:削除依頼/ニック・バルア]], bnwiki etc. [[User:আফতাবুজ্জামান|আফতাবুজ্জামান]] ([[User talk:আফতাবুজ্জামান|talk]]) 18:07, 14 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) :Hey oga gwanki master of hausa Wikipedia I hope you so much I am fulfulde Wikipedia editer Adamu from yobe state you a doing well in hausa Wikipedia keep trying sir gwanki [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 09:02, 19 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia, Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC. Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a. Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]]. Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki. A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_2&oldid=26721207 --> == Spam == Hi, I am from the English Wikipedia. The page [[Namaste Henry]] was created by a spammer. Please delete it. [[User:Un assiolo|Un assiolo]] ([[User talk:Un assiolo|talk]]) 19:49, 12 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Gaisuwa masu kyau daga sabon wikipedian == Hello Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, please guide me how to contribute here, hereby am afraid of getting unwanted ban / ip block. if such issue is there kindly drop a message on my talk page please, because i don't want any issue here, so am happy to contribute here, thank you, do guide and tell me if i have done any mistake or anything else . thank you . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:51, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) :Assalamu alaikum Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, da fatan za a bani gudunmawar da zan bayar a nan, don haka ina tsoron samun ban / ip block maras so. idan irin wannan batu yana da kyau a sauke sako a shafina don Allah, saboda ba na son wani batu a nan, don haka ina farin cikin bayar da gudummawa a nan, na gode, yi jagora kuma ku gaya mani idan na yi kuskure ko wani abu. na gode . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:52, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Thank You for Your Contribution to Feminism and Folklore 2024! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in organizing the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeHYAhFA9Q5vUs9UA1N45TOUxUdSNO8igGTmg4oPUL_qXS1EQ/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] by August 15th, 2024. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2025. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:28, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) </div>. <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Neman taimako kan saka hoto == @user gwanki ina saka hotunan kasa idan na lurabda cewa mukalar tana magana kan dan kasar bansan hakan ya sabawa doka ba,kna bukatar karin bayani pls [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 21:28, 19 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Gyaran akan WPWP == @Gwanki zan gyara nagode [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 05:29, 20 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Inquiry == Hello, why did you delete my article titled ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]])?! [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 16:07, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Hi @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], the article is already exist as [[Daular Safawiyya]]. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:36, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) ::There is a difference between the two articles. The first article ([[Daular Safawiyya]]) deals with the subject from all aspects in brief, while the article ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]]) deals only with the historical aspect and conveys it in detail, and this is very common in Wikipedia in all languages. In addition, the article you deleted contains very detailed and important information that I collected from Persian, English and Arabic sources, and I put a great effort into it, so I hope you restore the article. [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 13:59, 21 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :::Hello @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], Thanks for improving Hausa Wikipedia. I understand your request and I restored it. Thank you for understanding [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:37, 22 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Report == Hello, please check this IP for advertising/spam: [[Musamman:Contributions/2401:4900:7165:970A:8C46:A2FF:FE18:828B]] Thanks. [[User:Ternera|Ternera]] ([[User talk:Ternera|talk]]) 21:19, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Thanks for the alarming. 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Karin Bayani == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]] barka da kokari, naga ka goge mukalar "Hispanophone" ko zan iya sanin dalili? [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 06:14, 28 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Turai == Hello, Gwanki. You appear to have partly hijacked the article on Europe in Hausa [[Turai|ha:Turai]] to replace it with an article about a personal name. This is clearly wrong. You should have created a separate article about the name, not hijacked it. You have then changed the enwiki entry in [[wikidata:Q46|Q46]] to point to [[:en:Turai]] instead of [[:en:Europe]]. This caused a serious problem in enwiki (the article [[:en:Europe]] was no longer linked to other articles about Europe), and I have changed it back. What should happen is that your Hausa article should be moved to a different name (in enwiki is would be something like "Turai (name)"), and the original [[Turai|ha:Turai]] article about Europe should be restored; Then you can create a new Wikidata item about the name "Turai" and link your new Hausa article and [[:en:Turai]] through it. (I have posted on your User Talk page in Wikidata as well, and on the Interwiki conflicts page in Wikidata). [[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 15:37, 25 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) ::Thank you for correcting [[Turai]]. --[[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 21:32, 26 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklores 2024 Organizers Feedback == Dear Organizer, [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | right | frameless]] We extend our heartfelt gratitude for your invaluable contributions to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2024 Feminism and Folklore 2024]. Your dedication to promoting feminist perspectives on Wikimedia platforms has been instrumental in the campaign's success. To better understand your initiatives and impact, we invite you to participate in a short survey (5-7 minutes). Your feedback will help us document your achievements in our report and showcase your story in our upcoming blog, highlighting the diversity of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore] initiatives. Click to participate in the [https://forms.gle/dSeoDP1r7S4KCrVZ6 survey]. By participating in the By participating in the survey, you help us share your efforts in reports and upcoming blogs. This will help showcase and amplify your work, inspiring others to join the movement. The survey covers: #Community engagement and participation #Challenges and successes #Partnership Thank you again for your tireless efforts in promoting [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore]. Best regards,<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 14:23, 26 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == [Reminder] Apply for Cycle 3 Grants by December 1st! == Dear Feminism and Folklore Organizers, We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 3 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by December 1st. For a comprehensive guide on how to apply, please refer to the Wiki Loves Folklore Grant Toolkit: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_Grant_Toolkit Additionally, you can find detailed information on the Rapid Grant timeline here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid#Timeline We appreciate your continuous efforts and contributions to our campaigns. Should you have any questions or need further assistance, please do not hesitate to reach out: '''support@wikilovesfolkore.org''' Kind regards, <br> On behalf of the Wiki Loves Folklore International Team. <br> [[User:Joris Darlington Quarshie | Joris Darlington Quarshie]] ([[User talk:Joris Darlington Quarshie|talk]]) 08:39, 9 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == neman adalci == Inasan kalura da kyau ka kara karanta abun da na rubuta a mukalata da ka give ni aganina ko Wanda ya fara koyon Hausa zai iyya gane abun da na rubuta ni a wikipedia ba komi Nike nema ba wurinka sai adalci idan akamin adalci kadai ya isheni [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 09:56, 2 Disamba 2024 (UTC) 9kojuxno5rp3xqmitlenqfpswwik39j 550238 550235 2024-12-02T09:58:43Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* neman adalci */ 550238 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Ina bukatar adalci== Sunana Abdulrahim Abdullahi Sani ina bukatar adalci a cikin wannan korafi nawa. Na kasance ina bada gudummuwa a cikin wannan man haja ta Hausa Wikipedia. Ina gyara da kuma kirkirar sababbin mukaloli. A iya sani na ina kiyaye duk wata doka ta kirkirar mukaloli sannan in sanya musu Manazarta kamar yadda doka tace. Amma @gwanki ya goge man mukuloli duka da na kirkira ba tare da kafa wata hujja ba akan dalilin gogewa. Haka zalika bai gargadeni ba akan ina wani abu da bai kamata ba. Bugu da kari ya goge shafina (profile) ba tare da sanar dani ba. Saboda haka ina bukatar sauran admins da shigo cikin wannan korafin nawa domin ta tabbatar da adalci. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) ([[User talk: Saifullahi As|talk]]) [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] [[User:Abdultambura18|Abdultambura18]] ([[User talk:Abdultambura18|talk]]) 18:17, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ==Korafi== sunana ibrahim abusufyan ina yin wannan korafin ne duba da yanda kake yawan shiga cikin al'amurana a wannan shafi na wikipedia ka kasance kana yawan san kaga kagano laifikana domin ka yi gagawar daukar hukunci,nakasance ina cikin wata gasa ta dora hotuna inda kaje ka goge hotunan da na dora da dama,anma da na lura da yanda abokan gasa ta suke sa hotunan sai naga bashi da banbanci da yanda nikeyi tun a wannna lokacin nafara zargin cewa anya ba kanamin haka bane da wata manufa ,kwanaki nayi gasar vital article i da kagigemin mukallu akalla guda ar'bain batare da yimin gargadi ba ko kafa kwakwarar huja wanda aikin admin aiki ne na gaskiya ba wai aikin san rai ba, ni atunani na idan admin yaga kana aikata badai dai ba zai farama magana ne jn kaki ji to sai ya dau hukunci anma haka kadinka bin duk wata mukala da naui kana gogewa badare da sanar dani in gyara ba to hakika tura takai bango saboda abubuwan da kakemin sun fara sa ni ina loosing interest akan duk wani abu na wikipedia wanda hakan na tabbata bashine anfanin admin ba nasu rinka korat mutane daga editing ba,zan bada kwakawarar hujoji da zasu gamsar da admins yan uwanka cewa tsakanina da kai kawai kiyaya ce bawai kanayi banae dan in gyara domin hakan ne kadai zaisa ,kabaryimin abunda kakemin ba bisa ka ida ba[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 17:39, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ==Article about Tony Rinaudo?== In Niger's desolate Sahel region, Australian agricultural expert Tony Rinaudo found out that even the most devastated regions are criss-crossed by an endless network of roots: "An underground forest". Would you like to write an article about him ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Rinaudo Tony Rinaudo]) as "He inspired farmers to carry on this work over the years. Rinaudo's pioneering technique is called Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration, or FMNR."[8] The FMNR website describes the technique as a "low-cost land restoration technique used to combat poverty and hunger amongst poor subsistence farmers by increasing food and timber production and resilience to climate extremes".[8][9][10] He consequently earned the nickname "the Forest Maker".[11]" Yours --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 18:51, 6 ga Yuni, 2023 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - A Heartfelt Appreciation for Your Impactful Contribution! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeXZaej264LOTM0WQBq9QiGGAC1SWg_pbPByD7gp3sC4j7VKQ/viewform this form] by August 15th, 2023. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2024. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:37, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2023p&oldid=25345565 --> My heartfelt congratulations! --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 22:03, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) :Thank you very much [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:19, 26 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) ::Assalamu Alaikum , Masha Allah ina godiya mln Abu amma Dan Allah ina bukatar ka Dan bani dama koda a chart ne yadda zamu kara tattaunawa akan gyaregyare na wadan da ya kamata ace na gyara ina godiya. [[User:Ustaxabunuhu|Ustaxabunuhu]] ([[User talk:Ustaxabunuhu|talk]]) 16:38, 1 Satumba 2023 (UTC) ::Hey oga gwanki I hope you so much you are doing well edit saratu gidado article in fulfulde and hausa [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 20:24, 10 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Share Shafi == Share shafi [[Sahrul Projectt]] Sockpuppet ne ya ƙirƙira. Dubi: [[:id:Wikipedia:Penyalahgunaan_jangka_panjang/Sahrul_Projectt]]. [[User:Willnothappen|Willnothappen]] ([[User talk:Willnothappen|talk]]) 09:19, 23 Oktoba 2023 (UTC) == Email == Aslm, Barka da Aiki @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]. Na maka magana ta Email, ta hanyar (Email This User). [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 16:57, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) :Assalam Alaikum [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] I'm sorry, na ga sakon ka na kuma fahimci komi. Zan maka karin bayani a email din, sorry for late reply. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:23, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) == Spam == ‎[[Viraj Ashwin]], ‎[[Abhay Kumar]] Spam [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 18:28, 10 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == [[Sushi Kaneyoshi]] == Barka da Sir Na kirkiro wannan labarin tare da taimakon fassarar MinT Machine shine wannan labarin mai kyau? Ina inganta kwarewata na gyara? ko don Allah ku shawarce ni da wasu ci gaba. Zan bi su a shafi na gaba. [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 15:34, 16 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2024 Writing Competition == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Hope you are doing well, Wishing you a Happy New Year!. We extend a heartfelt invitation to you to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition, which is scheduled to take place from February 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024. This year's edition of Feminism and Folklore will concentrate on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics, aligning with a Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus and featuring a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. This year we have created two new Tools for the Feminism and Folklore project. The tool is called '''Campwiz'''. This tool is created by the international Tech team of Wiki Loves Folkore especially crafted for Feminism and Folklore project. The tool works as same as fountain or dashboard but has extra abilities required for jury and submission of articles. To create a new campaign on Campwiz, organizers to follow these steps: # Go to the tool link: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> # Select your wiki on which you want to organize the campaign (enter the name or short code, such as "{{CONTENTLANG}}" for {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}). # Give your campaign a name example "Feminism and Folklore 2024 on {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}})". # Select the start and end dates (note: keep your start date as Feb 1 and end date as March 31). # Provide a description for your campaign (you can briefly describe the campaign in this section). # Make sure to keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow users to submit articles that were not created but expanded." if you want to use the campaign for expanded articles also. # Keep minimum added bytes as 4000 and minimum added words as 400 and click next. # In the jury section, keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow jury members to participate in the campaign" and "Prevent jury members from seeing each other's votes." As per your preference. # Under the jury search box, type the username of your jury and click on the "+" button to add; you can add multiple jury members. # Click next to review and then click on save. With this we have also created a '''Missing article tool'''. This tool identifies articles in the English Wikipedia that are absent from your native language Wikipedia. You can customize your selection criteria, and our tool will provide you with a table displaying the missing articles along with suggested titles. You also have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Both tools, the Missing Article Tool and the Campwiz Tool, are now available for public use during the Feminism and Folklore campaign. You can find more information about these tools here: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> There are also some changes in the rules and criteria's. Please go through the rules below. # '''Minimum Length:''' The expanded or new article should have a minimum of '''''4000 bytes or 400 words''''', ensuring sufficient depth and coverage of the chosen topic. The local organizers are free to choose the minimum length criteria as per needs of their local Wikipedia and must be clearly mention on local project page. # '''Language Quality:''' Articles should not be poorly machine-translated, ensuring that language quality and readability are maintained at a high standard. # '''Timeline of Creation or Expansion:''' The article should be created or expanded between 1 February and 31 March, aligning with the specified contest timeline. # '''Theme Relevance''': Articles should directly address the theme of feminism and folklore, exploring connections between gender, cultural traditions, and intangible heritage. # '''No Orphaned Articles:''' Articles must not be orphaned, meaning they should be linked from at least one other article to ensure visibility within the Wikipedia ecosystem. # '''No Copyright violations:''' There should be no copyright violations, and articles should adhere to local Wikipedia policies on notability, ensuring that the content meets the standards for notability. # '''Adequate references and Citations:''' Each article should include proper references and citations following local Wikipedia policies, ensuring the reliability and credibility of the information presented. Learn more about the contest details and prizes on our project page [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|here]]. Should you require any assistance, please feel free to contact us on our meta talk page or via email. We eagerly anticipate your enthusiastic coordination and participation in Feminism and Folklore 2024. Thank you and Best wishes, '''Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team''' --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:51, 18 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=26088038 --> == [[Anthony Kiedis]] == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]Shin za ku bincika cewa wannan labarin da aka kirkira yana da kyau? [[User:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|Bilal Mustafa Sheikh]] ([[User talk:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|talk]]) 08:05, 28 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) ==Aisha Aliyu Bokuta== Salam @[[Gwanki]] na Lura kaman ka dakatar da edit da nakeyi yanzu. Ko meyasa? [[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]] ([[User talk:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|talk]]) 15:38, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) :Wls @[[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]], A'a ban kulle ki ba, na dai goge wata muƙalar da kika yi guda daya ne Sammakon ba makala kika fassara ba. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 20:04, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Organising Feminism and Folklore == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | 350px | right]] Hello Community Organizers, Thank you for organising Feminism and Folklore writing competition on your wiki. We congratulate you in joining and celebrating our cultural heritage and promoting gender equality on Wikipedia. To encourage boost for the contributions of the participants, we're offering prizes for Feminism and Folklore local prizes. Each Wikipedia will have three local winners: *First Prize: $15 USD *Second Prize: $10 USD *Best Jury Article: $5 USD All this will be in '''gift voucher format only'''. Kindly inform your local community regarding these prizes and post them on the local project page The Best Jury Article will be chosen by the jury based on how unique the article is aligned with the theme. The jury will review all submissions and decide the winner together, making sure it's fair. These articles will also be featured on our social media handles. We're also providing internet and childcare support to the first 50 organizers and Jury members for who request for it. Remember, only 50 organizers will get this support, and it's given on a first-come, first-served basis. The registration form will close after 50 registrations, and the deadline is March 15, 2024. This support is optional and not compulsory, so if you're interested, fill out the form [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdnytyact-HR6DvsWwnrVeWuzMfuNH1dSjpF24m6od-f3LzZQ/viewform here]. Each organizer/jury who gets support will receive $30 USD in gift voucher format, even if they're involved in more than one wiki. No dual support will be provided if you have signed up in more than one language. This support is meant to appreciate your volunteer support for the contest. We also invite all organizers and jury members to join us for office hours on '''Saturday, March 2, 2024'''. This session will help you understand the jury process for both contests and give you a chance to ask questions. More details are on [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2024_Office_Hour_2 meta page]. Let's celebrate our different cultures and work towards gender equality on Wikipedia! Best regards, Rockpeterson [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:56, 29 ga Faburairu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/fnf2024golbal&oldid=26304232 --> == Wai kai ya zaka bataman aiki bayan kuma baka kara wani abu akan articles din == Imposter [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 00:19, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Aslm @[[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]], Ni bana ɓata aikin kowa sai dai na gyara. Kayi maƙaloli sama da 600 amma kaso 90% ba masu kyau ne ba. A baya na gyara kusan 40% na maƙalolin ka wajen haɗa su da Wikidata. Yanzu ma na ga ka dawo ka ci gaba da yin irin su saboda haka ka daina yin reverts na gyaran da na ma ba tare da dalili ba. Cigaba da yin haka sabawa ƙa'idar editing Wikipedia ne. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 06:32, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) == Reporting unattributed machine translations + copyright violations == Hello! I'm Vermont, a [[m:Stewards|steward]]. Apologies for writing in English. I couldn't find whether the Hausa Wikipedia has an admin noticeboard, so I'm messaging you directly. Yesterday I noticed that [[Special:CentralAuth/787IYO|787IYO]] has been creating many pages which are just English Wikipedia articles put through Google Translate. I spot-checked 5 articles, and none of their text was modified from the Google Translate'd version at all. Unmodified machine translations are generally not very good, and also has resulted in broken links and tables, examples: [[Harshen Bilen]] and [[Harshen Lemerig]]. I left the user a [[:meta:User talk:787IYO#Copyright violations and machine translation|message on their Meta-Wiki talk page]] asking them to go back and add attribution to the English Wikipedia articles (which is required by the CC BY-SA 4.0 license) and check for errors in translation. 787IYO confirmed that they would do this, however... When I checked their edits today, I noticed they just created this article: [[Hutun Haihuwa]]. The one source is a copyrighted website, and the article's content is machine-translated from that website. Specifically, from the first paragraph "Maternity leave refers to..." and the "How long is maternity leave?" section. Given that the website's content is copyrighted, this article should be deleted. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 15:43, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Dear @[[User:Vermont|Vermont]], :Thank you for bringing this to my attention. I appreciate your efforts in highlighting the issues with [[User:787IYO|787IYO]]'s contributions. I will thoroughly review the user's contributions and take appropriate action, including the deletion of any non-compliant articles. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 17:15, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::Hi! Thanks. To note, it's ongoing: [[Shareefah Ibrahim]] (created 3 hours ago) is an unmodified Google Translate of [https://authorpedia.net/our-authors/sheefah-zarma/ this copyrighted authorpedia.net] post. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 21:01, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::This has not yet been resolved, and the user was unfortunately elected as an administrator. I've left another message on their talk page. In a worst case, you or someone else can probably just delete the content. [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 16:05, 25 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Next Steps and Feedback Request for Feminism and Folklore Organizers == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] Dear Organizer, I hope this message finds you well. First and foremost, I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause. As the campaign draws to a close, I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|sign-up page]]. Once the jury process is completed, kindly update the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2024'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on our Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed. Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights. Therefore, I kindly ask you to spare just 10 minutes to share your progress and achievements with us through a Google Form survey. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful. Here's the link to the survey: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfCkFONXlPVlakMmdh-BWtZp0orYBCSVvViJPbsjf2TIXAWvw/viewform?usp=sf_link Survey Google Form Link] Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon. Warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team #WeTogether''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:26, 7 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Article created by LTA== Hello, the article [[Nick Barua]] should be deleted. This was created by a LTA from IP. This article has been deleted from many wikis multiple time, including enwiki [[:en:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nick Barua]], [[:pt:Wikipédia:Páginas para eliminar/Nick Barua]], [[:ja: Wikipedia:削除依頼/ニック・バルア]], bnwiki etc. [[User:আফতাবুজ্জামান|আফতাবুজ্জামান]] ([[User talk:আফতাবুজ্জামান|talk]]) 18:07, 14 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) :Hey oga gwanki master of hausa Wikipedia I hope you so much I am fulfulde Wikipedia editer Adamu from yobe state you a doing well in hausa Wikipedia keep trying sir gwanki [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 09:02, 19 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia, Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC. Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a. Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]]. Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki. A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_2&oldid=26721207 --> == Spam == Hi, I am from the English Wikipedia. The page [[Namaste Henry]] was created by a spammer. Please delete it. [[User:Un assiolo|Un assiolo]] ([[User talk:Un assiolo|talk]]) 19:49, 12 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Gaisuwa masu kyau daga sabon wikipedian == Hello Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, please guide me how to contribute here, hereby am afraid of getting unwanted ban / ip block. if such issue is there kindly drop a message on my talk page please, because i don't want any issue here, so am happy to contribute here, thank you, do guide and tell me if i have done any mistake or anything else . thank you . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:51, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) :Assalamu alaikum Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, da fatan za a bani gudunmawar da zan bayar a nan, don haka ina tsoron samun ban / ip block maras so. idan irin wannan batu yana da kyau a sauke sako a shafina don Allah, saboda ba na son wani batu a nan, don haka ina farin cikin bayar da gudummawa a nan, na gode, yi jagora kuma ku gaya mani idan na yi kuskure ko wani abu. na gode . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:52, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Thank You for Your Contribution to Feminism and Folklore 2024! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in organizing the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeHYAhFA9Q5vUs9UA1N45TOUxUdSNO8igGTmg4oPUL_qXS1EQ/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] by August 15th, 2024. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2025. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:28, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) </div>. <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Neman taimako kan saka hoto == @user gwanki ina saka hotunan kasa idan na lurabda cewa mukalar tana magana kan dan kasar bansan hakan ya sabawa doka ba,kna bukatar karin bayani pls [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 21:28, 19 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Gyaran akan WPWP == @Gwanki zan gyara nagode [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 05:29, 20 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Inquiry == Hello, why did you delete my article titled ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]])?! [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 16:07, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Hi @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], the article is already exist as [[Daular Safawiyya]]. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:36, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) ::There is a difference between the two articles. The first article ([[Daular Safawiyya]]) deals with the subject from all aspects in brief, while the article ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]]) deals only with the historical aspect and conveys it in detail, and this is very common in Wikipedia in all languages. In addition, the article you deleted contains very detailed and important information that I collected from Persian, English and Arabic sources, and I put a great effort into it, so I hope you restore the article. [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 13:59, 21 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :::Hello @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], Thanks for improving Hausa Wikipedia. I understand your request and I restored it. Thank you for understanding [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:37, 22 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Report == Hello, please check this IP for advertising/spam: [[Musamman:Contributions/2401:4900:7165:970A:8C46:A2FF:FE18:828B]] Thanks. [[User:Ternera|Ternera]] ([[User talk:Ternera|talk]]) 21:19, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Thanks for the alarming. 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Karin Bayani == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]] barka da kokari, naga ka goge mukalar "Hispanophone" ko zan iya sanin dalili? [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 06:14, 28 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Turai == Hello, Gwanki. You appear to have partly hijacked the article on Europe in Hausa [[Turai|ha:Turai]] to replace it with an article about a personal name. This is clearly wrong. You should have created a separate article about the name, not hijacked it. You have then changed the enwiki entry in [[wikidata:Q46|Q46]] to point to [[:en:Turai]] instead of [[:en:Europe]]. This caused a serious problem in enwiki (the article [[:en:Europe]] was no longer linked to other articles about Europe), and I have changed it back. What should happen is that your Hausa article should be moved to a different name (in enwiki is would be something like "Turai (name)"), and the original [[Turai|ha:Turai]] article about Europe should be restored; Then you can create a new Wikidata item about the name "Turai" and link your new Hausa article and [[:en:Turai]] through it. (I have posted on your User Talk page in Wikidata as well, and on the Interwiki conflicts page in Wikidata). [[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 15:37, 25 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) ::Thank you for correcting [[Turai]]. --[[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 21:32, 26 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklores 2024 Organizers Feedback == Dear Organizer, [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | right | frameless]] We extend our heartfelt gratitude for your invaluable contributions to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2024 Feminism and Folklore 2024]. Your dedication to promoting feminist perspectives on Wikimedia platforms has been instrumental in the campaign's success. To better understand your initiatives and impact, we invite you to participate in a short survey (5-7 minutes). Your feedback will help us document your achievements in our report and showcase your story in our upcoming blog, highlighting the diversity of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore] initiatives. Click to participate in the [https://forms.gle/dSeoDP1r7S4KCrVZ6 survey]. By participating in the By participating in the survey, you help us share your efforts in reports and upcoming blogs. This will help showcase and amplify your work, inspiring others to join the movement. The survey covers: #Community engagement and participation #Challenges and successes #Partnership Thank you again for your tireless efforts in promoting [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore]. Best regards,<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 14:23, 26 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == [Reminder] Apply for Cycle 3 Grants by December 1st! == Dear Feminism and Folklore Organizers, We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 3 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by December 1st. For a comprehensive guide on how to apply, please refer to the Wiki Loves Folklore Grant Toolkit: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_Grant_Toolkit Additionally, you can find detailed information on the Rapid Grant timeline here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid#Timeline We appreciate your continuous efforts and contributions to our campaigns. Should you have any questions or need further assistance, please do not hesitate to reach out: '''support@wikilovesfolkore.org''' Kind regards, <br> On behalf of the Wiki Loves Folklore International Team. <br> [[User:Joris Darlington Quarshie | Joris Darlington Quarshie]] ([[User talk:Joris Darlington Quarshie|talk]]) 08:39, 9 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == neman adalci == Inasan kalura da kyau ka kara karanta abun da na rubuta a mukalata da ka give ni aganina ko Wanda ya fara koyon Hausa zai iyya gane abun da na rubuta ni a wikipedia ba komi Nike nema ba wurinka sai adalci idan akamin adalci kadai ya isheni. inaji.)[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 09:56, 2 Disamba 2024 (UTC) lcgxubf1fdbkusbgwfb0jppuhhh06n5 550315 550238 2024-12-02T10:48:56Z Gwanki 3834 /* Korafi */ Mayarwa 550315 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Ina bukatar adalci== Sunana Abdulrahim Abdullahi Sani ina bukatar adalci a cikin wannan korafi nawa. Na kasance ina bada gudummuwa a cikin wannan man haja ta Hausa Wikipedia. Ina gyara da kuma kirkirar sababbin mukaloli. A iya sani na ina kiyaye duk wata doka ta kirkirar mukaloli sannan in sanya musu Manazarta kamar yadda doka tace. Amma @gwanki ya goge man mukuloli duka da na kirkira ba tare da kafa wata hujja ba akan dalilin gogewa. Haka zalika bai gargadeni ba akan ina wani abu da bai kamata ba. Bugu da kari ya goge shafina (profile) ba tare da sanar dani ba. Saboda haka ina bukatar sauran admins da shigo cikin wannan korafin nawa domin ta tabbatar da adalci. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) ([[User talk: Saifullahi As|talk]]) [[User:Uncle Bash007|Uncle Bash007]] [[User:Abdultambura18|Abdultambura18]] ([[User talk:Abdultambura18|talk]]) 18:17, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) ==Korafi== sunana ibrahim abusufyan ina yin wannan korafin ne duba da yanda kake yawan shiga cikin al'amurana a wannan shafi na wikipedia ka kasance kana yawan san kaga kagano laifikana domin ka yi gagawar daukar hukunci,nakasance ina cikin wata gasa ta dora hotuna inda kaje ka goge hotunan da na dora da dama,anma da na lura da yanda abokan gasa ta suke sa hotunan sai naga bashi da banbanci da yanda nikeyi tun a wannna lokacin nafara zargin cewa anya ba kanamin haka bane da wata manufa ,kwanaki nayi gasar vital article i da kagigemin mukallu akalla guda ar'bain batare da yimin gargadi ba ko kafa kwakwarar huja wanda aikin admin aiki ne na gaskiya ba wai aikin san rai ba, ni atunani na idan admin yaga kana aikata badai dai ba zai farama magana ne jn kaki ji to sai ya dau hukunci anma haka kadinka bin duk wata mukala da naui kana gogewa badare da sanar dani in gyara ba to hakika tura takai bango saboda abubuwan da kakemin sun fara sa ni ina loosing interest akan duk wani abu na wikipedia wanda hakan na tabbata bashine anfanin admin ba nasu rinka korat mutane daga editing ba,zan bada kwakawarar hujoji da zasu gamsar da admins yan uwanka cewa tsakanina da kai kawai kiyaya ce bawai kanayi banae dan in gyara domin hakan ne kadai zaisa ,kabaryimin abunda kakemin ba bisa ka ida ba[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 17:39, 23 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC) :Assalam Alaikum @[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]], Barka da aiki. Ina so ka sani, ba na zo Wikipedia ne domin na bata aikin wani ko korar wani ko hana wani bada gudunmawa ba, a'a, na zo ne kadai domin nima bayar da gudummawa ta a Wikimedia. Duk abinda kaga na yi a Wikipedia ko gyarawa ko goge makala duka na yi ne domin cigaban Hausa Wikipedia. Bayan wannan babu wata manufa a zuciya ta. Duk wani abu da kake tunani bayan wannan to ba haka bane ba. :Kuma a baya na yi ma gana a shafin ka na Tattaunawa kan ka gyara sannan sauran admin ma sun ma magana kuma ba gyara din ba. :Sannan gasa tana sa kana yin aiki maras kyau. :Nagode [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 10:48, 2 Disamba 2024 (UTC) ==Article about Tony Rinaudo?== In Niger's desolate Sahel region, Australian agricultural expert Tony Rinaudo found out that even the most devastated regions are criss-crossed by an endless network of roots: "An underground forest". Would you like to write an article about him ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Rinaudo Tony Rinaudo]) as "He inspired farmers to carry on this work over the years. Rinaudo's pioneering technique is called Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration, or FMNR."[8] The FMNR website describes the technique as a "low-cost land restoration technique used to combat poverty and hunger amongst poor subsistence farmers by increasing food and timber production and resilience to climate extremes".[8][9][10] He consequently earned the nickname "the Forest Maker".[11]" Yours --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 18:51, 6 ga Yuni, 2023 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - A Heartfelt Appreciation for Your Impactful Contribution! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeXZaej264LOTM0WQBq9QiGGAC1SWg_pbPByD7gp3sC4j7VKQ/viewform this form] by August 15th, 2023. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2024. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:37, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2023p&oldid=25345565 --> My heartfelt congratulations! --[[User:Cethegus|Cethegus]] ([[User talk:Cethegus|talk]]) 22:03, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) :Thank you very much [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:19, 26 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) ::Assalamu Alaikum , Masha Allah ina godiya mln Abu amma Dan Allah ina bukatar ka Dan bani dama koda a chart ne yadda zamu kara tattaunawa akan gyaregyare na wadan da ya kamata ace na gyara ina godiya. [[User:Ustaxabunuhu|Ustaxabunuhu]] ([[User talk:Ustaxabunuhu|talk]]) 16:38, 1 Satumba 2023 (UTC) ::Hey oga gwanki I hope you so much you are doing well edit saratu gidado article in fulfulde and hausa [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 20:24, 10 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Share Shafi == Share shafi [[Sahrul Projectt]] Sockpuppet ne ya ƙirƙira. Dubi: [[:id:Wikipedia:Penyalahgunaan_jangka_panjang/Sahrul_Projectt]]. [[User:Willnothappen|Willnothappen]] ([[User talk:Willnothappen|talk]]) 09:19, 23 Oktoba 2023 (UTC) == Email == Aslm, Barka da Aiki @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]. Na maka magana ta Email, ta hanyar (Email This User). [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) 16:57, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) :Assalam Alaikum [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] I'm sorry, na ga sakon ka na kuma fahimci komi. Zan maka karin bayani a email din, sorry for late reply. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:23, 24 Disamba 2023 (UTC) == Spam == ‎[[Viraj Ashwin]], ‎[[Abhay Kumar]] Spam [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 18:28, 10 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == [[Sushi Kaneyoshi]] == Barka da Sir Na kirkiro wannan labarin tare da taimakon fassarar MinT Machine shine wannan labarin mai kyau? Ina inganta kwarewata na gyara? ko don Allah ku shawarce ni da wasu ci gaba. Zan bi su a shafi na gaba. [[User:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Bilal Muzzamil|talk]]) 15:34, 16 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2024 Writing Competition == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear {{PAGENAME}}, Hope you are doing well, Wishing you a Happy New Year!. We extend a heartfelt invitation to you to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition, which is scheduled to take place from February 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024. This year's edition of Feminism and Folklore will concentrate on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics, aligning with a Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus and featuring a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. This year we have created two new Tools for the Feminism and Folklore project. The tool is called '''Campwiz'''. This tool is created by the international Tech team of Wiki Loves Folkore especially crafted for Feminism and Folklore project. The tool works as same as fountain or dashboard but has extra abilities required for jury and submission of articles. To create a new campaign on Campwiz, organizers to follow these steps: # Go to the tool link: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> # Select your wiki on which you want to organize the campaign (enter the name or short code, such as "{{CONTENTLANG}}" for {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}). # Give your campaign a name example "Feminism and Folklore 2024 on {{#language:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}})". # Select the start and end dates (note: keep your start date as Feb 1 and end date as March 31). # Provide a description for your campaign (you can briefly describe the campaign in this section). # Make sure to keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow users to submit articles that were not created but expanded." if you want to use the campaign for expanded articles also. # Keep minimum added bytes as 4000 and minimum added words as 400 and click next. # In the jury section, keep the checkboxes ticked for "Allow jury members to participate in the campaign" and "Prevent jury members from seeing each other's votes." As per your preference. # Under the jury search box, type the username of your jury and click on the "+" button to add; you can add multiple jury members. # Click next to review and then click on save. With this we have also created a '''Missing article tool'''. This tool identifies articles in the English Wikipedia that are absent from your native language Wikipedia. You can customize your selection criteria, and our tool will provide you with a table displaying the missing articles along with suggested titles. You also have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Both tools, the Missing Article Tool and the Campwiz Tool, are now available for public use during the Feminism and Folklore campaign. You can find more information about these tools here: <nowiki>https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/</nowiki> There are also some changes in the rules and criteria's. Please go through the rules below. # '''Minimum Length:''' The expanded or new article should have a minimum of '''''4000 bytes or 400 words''''', ensuring sufficient depth and coverage of the chosen topic. The local organizers are free to choose the minimum length criteria as per needs of their local Wikipedia and must be clearly mention on local project page. # '''Language Quality:''' Articles should not be poorly machine-translated, ensuring that language quality and readability are maintained at a high standard. # '''Timeline of Creation or Expansion:''' The article should be created or expanded between 1 February and 31 March, aligning with the specified contest timeline. # '''Theme Relevance''': Articles should directly address the theme of feminism and folklore, exploring connections between gender, cultural traditions, and intangible heritage. # '''No Orphaned Articles:''' Articles must not be orphaned, meaning they should be linked from at least one other article to ensure visibility within the Wikipedia ecosystem. # '''No Copyright violations:''' There should be no copyright violations, and articles should adhere to local Wikipedia policies on notability, ensuring that the content meets the standards for notability. # '''Adequate references and Citations:''' Each article should include proper references and citations following local Wikipedia policies, ensuring the reliability and credibility of the information presented. Learn more about the contest details and prizes on our project page [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|here]]. Should you require any assistance, please feel free to contact us on our meta talk page or via email. We eagerly anticipate your enthusiastic coordination and participation in Feminism and Folklore 2024. Thank you and Best wishes, '''Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team''' --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 06:51, 18 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=26088038 --> == [[Anthony Kiedis]] == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]]Shin za ku bincika cewa wannan labarin da aka kirkira yana da kyau? [[User:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|Bilal Mustafa Sheikh]] ([[User talk:Bilal Mustafa Sheikh|talk]]) 08:05, 28 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) ==Aisha Aliyu Bokuta== Salam @[[Gwanki]] na Lura kaman ka dakatar da edit da nakeyi yanzu. Ko meyasa? [[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]] ([[User talk:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|talk]]) 15:38, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) :Wls @[[User:Aisha Aliyu Bokuta|Aisha Aliyu Bokuta]], A'a ban kulle ki ba, na dai goge wata muƙalar da kika yi guda daya ne Sammakon ba makala kika fassara ba. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 20:04, 31 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) == Organising Feminism and Folklore == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | 350px | right]] Hello Community Organizers, Thank you for organising Feminism and Folklore writing competition on your wiki. We congratulate you in joining and celebrating our cultural heritage and promoting gender equality on Wikipedia. To encourage boost for the contributions of the participants, we're offering prizes for Feminism and Folklore local prizes. Each Wikipedia will have three local winners: *First Prize: $15 USD *Second Prize: $10 USD *Best Jury Article: $5 USD All this will be in '''gift voucher format only'''. Kindly inform your local community regarding these prizes and post them on the local project page The Best Jury Article will be chosen by the jury based on how unique the article is aligned with the theme. The jury will review all submissions and decide the winner together, making sure it's fair. These articles will also be featured on our social media handles. We're also providing internet and childcare support to the first 50 organizers and Jury members for who request for it. Remember, only 50 organizers will get this support, and it's given on a first-come, first-served basis. The registration form will close after 50 registrations, and the deadline is March 15, 2024. This support is optional and not compulsory, so if you're interested, fill out the form [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdnytyact-HR6DvsWwnrVeWuzMfuNH1dSjpF24m6od-f3LzZQ/viewform here]. Each organizer/jury who gets support will receive $30 USD in gift voucher format, even if they're involved in more than one wiki. No dual support will be provided if you have signed up in more than one language. This support is meant to appreciate your volunteer support for the contest. We also invite all organizers and jury members to join us for office hours on '''Saturday, March 2, 2024'''. This session will help you understand the jury process for both contests and give you a chance to ask questions. More details are on [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2024_Office_Hour_2 meta page]. Let's celebrate our different cultures and work towards gender equality on Wikipedia! Best regards, Rockpeterson [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:56, 29 ga Faburairu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/fnf2024golbal&oldid=26304232 --> == Wai kai ya zaka bataman aiki bayan kuma baka kara wani abu akan articles din == Imposter [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 00:19, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Aslm @[[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]], Ni bana ɓata aikin kowa sai dai na gyara. Kayi maƙaloli sama da 600 amma kaso 90% ba masu kyau ne ba. A baya na gyara kusan 40% na maƙalolin ka wajen haɗa su da Wikidata. Yanzu ma na ga ka dawo ka ci gaba da yin irin su saboda haka ka daina yin reverts na gyaran da na ma ba tare da dalili ba. Cigaba da yin haka sabawa ƙa'idar editing Wikipedia ne. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 06:32, 10 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) == Reporting unattributed machine translations + copyright violations == Hello! I'm Vermont, a [[m:Stewards|steward]]. Apologies for writing in English. I couldn't find whether the Hausa Wikipedia has an admin noticeboard, so I'm messaging you directly. Yesterday I noticed that [[Special:CentralAuth/787IYO|787IYO]] has been creating many pages which are just English Wikipedia articles put through Google Translate. I spot-checked 5 articles, and none of their text was modified from the Google Translate'd version at all. Unmodified machine translations are generally not very good, and also has resulted in broken links and tables, examples: [[Harshen Bilen]] and [[Harshen Lemerig]]. I left the user a [[:meta:User talk:787IYO#Copyright violations and machine translation|message on their Meta-Wiki talk page]] asking them to go back and add attribution to the English Wikipedia articles (which is required by the CC BY-SA 4.0 license) and check for errors in translation. 787IYO confirmed that they would do this, however... When I checked their edits today, I noticed they just created this article: [[Hutun Haihuwa]]. The one source is a copyrighted website, and the article's content is machine-translated from that website. Specifically, from the first paragraph "Maternity leave refers to..." and the "How long is maternity leave?" section. Given that the website's content is copyrighted, this article should be deleted. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 15:43, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) :Dear @[[User:Vermont|Vermont]], :Thank you for bringing this to my attention. I appreciate your efforts in highlighting the issues with [[User:787IYO|787IYO]]'s contributions. I will thoroughly review the user's contributions and take appropriate action, including the deletion of any non-compliant articles. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 17:15, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::Hi! Thanks. To note, it's ongoing: [[Shareefah Ibrahim]] (created 3 hours ago) is an unmodified Google Translate of [https://authorpedia.net/our-authors/sheefah-zarma/ this copyrighted authorpedia.net] post. Best regards, [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 21:01, 11 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) ::This has not yet been resolved, and the user was unfortunately elected as an administrator. I've left another message on their talk page. In a worst case, you or someone else can probably just delete the content. [[User:Vermont|Vermont]] ([[User talk:Vermont|talk]]) 16:05, 25 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Next Steps and Feedback Request for Feminism and Folklore Organizers == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] Dear Organizer, I hope this message finds you well. First and foremost, I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause. As the campaign draws to a close, I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|sign-up page]]. Once the jury process is completed, kindly update the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2024'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on our Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed. Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights. Therefore, I kindly ask you to spare just 10 minutes to share your progress and achievements with us through a Google Form survey. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful. Here's the link to the survey: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfCkFONXlPVlakMmdh-BWtZp0orYBCSVvViJPbsjf2TIXAWvw/viewform?usp=sf_link Survey Google Form Link] Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon. Warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team #WeTogether''' [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 08:26, 7 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Article created by LTA== Hello, the article [[Nick Barua]] should be deleted. This was created by a LTA from IP. This article has been deleted from many wikis multiple time, including enwiki [[:en:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nick Barua]], [[:pt:Wikipédia:Páginas para eliminar/Nick Barua]], [[:ja: Wikipedia:削除依頼/ニック・バルア]], bnwiki etc. [[User:আফতাবুজ্জামান|আফতাবুজ্জামান]] ([[User talk:আফতাবুজ্জামান|talk]]) 18:07, 14 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) :Hey oga gwanki master of hausa Wikipedia I hope you so much I am fulfulde Wikipedia editer Adamu from yobe state you a doing well in hausa Wikipedia keep trying sir gwanki [[User:Adamu ab|Adamu ab]] ([[User talk:Adamu ab|talk]]) 09:02, 19 ga Afirilu, 2024 (UTC) == Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia, Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC. Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a. Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]]. Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki. A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_2&oldid=26721207 --> == Spam == Hi, I am from the English Wikipedia. The page [[Namaste Henry]] was created by a spammer. Please delete it. [[User:Un assiolo|Un assiolo]] ([[User talk:Un assiolo|talk]]) 19:49, 12 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Gaisuwa masu kyau daga sabon wikipedian == Hello Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, please guide me how to contribute here, hereby am afraid of getting unwanted ban / ip block. if such issue is there kindly drop a message on my talk page please, because i don't want any issue here, so am happy to contribute here, thank you, do guide and tell me if i have done any mistake or anything else . thank you . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:51, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) :Assalamu alaikum Admin (Gwanki) am new in hausa wikipedia, da fatan za a bani gudunmawar da zan bayar a nan, don haka ina tsoron samun ban / ip block maras so. idan irin wannan batu yana da kyau a sauke sako a shafina don Allah, saboda ba na son wani batu a nan, don haka ina farin cikin bayar da gudummawa a nan, na gode, yi jagora kuma ku gaya mani idan na yi kuskure ko wani abu. na gode . [[User:EspeeCat|EspeeCat]] ([[User talk:EspeeCat|talk]]) 06:52, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) == Thank You for Your Contribution to Feminism and Folklore 2024! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in organizing the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeHYAhFA9Q5vUs9UA1N45TOUxUdSNO8igGTmg4oPUL_qXS1EQ/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] by August 15th, 2024. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2025. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:28, 21 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC) </div>. <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2024&oldid=26557949 --> == Neman taimako kan saka hoto == @user gwanki ina saka hotunan kasa idan na lurabda cewa mukalar tana magana kan dan kasar bansan hakan ya sabawa doka ba,kna bukatar karin bayani pls [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 21:28, 19 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Gyaran akan WPWP == @Gwanki zan gyara nagode [[User:Dev moha2507|Dev moha2507]] ([[User talk:Dev moha2507|talk]]) 05:29, 20 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC) == Inquiry == Hello, why did you delete my article titled ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]])?! [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 16:07, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Hi @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], the article is already exist as [[Daular Safawiyya]]. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:36, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) ::There is a difference between the two articles. The first article ([[Daular Safawiyya]]) deals with the subject from all aspects in brief, while the article ([[Tarihin daular Safawiyya]]) deals only with the historical aspect and conveys it in detail, and this is very common in Wikipedia in all languages. In addition, the article you deleted contains very detailed and important information that I collected from Persian, English and Arabic sources, and I put a great effort into it, so I hope you restore the article. [[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]] ([[User talk:Zarrest|talk]]) 13:59, 21 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :::Hello @[[User:Zarrest|Zarrest]], Thanks for improving Hausa Wikipedia. I understand your request and I restored it. Thank you for understanding [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:37, 22 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Report == Hello, please check this IP for advertising/spam: [[Musamman:Contributions/2401:4900:7165:970A:8C46:A2FF:FE18:828B]] Thanks. [[User:Ternera|Ternera]] ([[User talk:Ternera|talk]]) 21:19, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) :Thanks for the alarming. 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 22:30, 19 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Karin Bayani == @[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]] barka da kokari, naga ka goge mukalar "Hispanophone" ko zan iya sanin dalili? [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 06:14, 28 Satumba 2024 (UTC) == Turai == Hello, Gwanki. You appear to have partly hijacked the article on Europe in Hausa [[Turai|ha:Turai]] to replace it with an article about a personal name. This is clearly wrong. You should have created a separate article about the name, not hijacked it. You have then changed the enwiki entry in [[wikidata:Q46|Q46]] to point to [[:en:Turai]] instead of [[:en:Europe]]. This caused a serious problem in enwiki (the article [[:en:Europe]] was no longer linked to other articles about Europe), and I have changed it back. What should happen is that your Hausa article should be moved to a different name (in enwiki is would be something like "Turai (name)"), and the original [[Turai|ha:Turai]] article about Europe should be restored; Then you can create a new Wikidata item about the name "Turai" and link your new Hausa article and [[:en:Turai]] through it. (I have posted on your User Talk page in Wikidata as well, and on the Interwiki conflicts page in Wikidata). [[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 15:37, 25 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) ::Thank you for correcting [[Turai]]. --[[User:ColinFine|ColinFine]] ([[User talk:ColinFine|talk]]) 21:32, 26 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklores 2024 Organizers Feedback == Dear Organizer, [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg | right | frameless]] We extend our heartfelt gratitude for your invaluable contributions to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2024 Feminism and Folklore 2024]. Your dedication to promoting feminist perspectives on Wikimedia platforms has been instrumental in the campaign's success. To better understand your initiatives and impact, we invite you to participate in a short survey (5-7 minutes). Your feedback will help us document your achievements in our report and showcase your story in our upcoming blog, highlighting the diversity of [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore] initiatives. Click to participate in the [https://forms.gle/dSeoDP1r7S4KCrVZ6 survey]. By participating in the By participating in the survey, you help us share your efforts in reports and upcoming blogs. This will help showcase and amplify your work, inspiring others to join the movement. The survey covers: #Community engagement and participation #Challenges and successes #Partnership Thank you again for your tireless efforts in promoting [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore Feminism and Folklore]. Best regards,<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 14:23, 26 October 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == [Reminder] Apply for Cycle 3 Grants by December 1st! == Dear Feminism and Folklore Organizers, We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 3 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by December 1st. For a comprehensive guide on how to apply, please refer to the Wiki Loves Folklore Grant Toolkit: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_Grant_Toolkit Additionally, you can find detailed information on the Rapid Grant timeline here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid#Timeline We appreciate your continuous efforts and contributions to our campaigns. Should you have any questions or need further assistance, please do not hesitate to reach out: '''support@wikilovesfolkore.org''' Kind regards, <br> On behalf of the Wiki Loves Folklore International Team. <br> [[User:Joris Darlington Quarshie | Joris Darlington Quarshie]] ([[User talk:Joris Darlington Quarshie|talk]]) 08:39, 9 November 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Joris Darlington Quarshie@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Joris_Darlington_Quarshie/FnF1&oldid=27662256 --> == neman adalci == Inasan kalura da kyau ka kara karanta abun da na rubuta a mukalata da ka give ni aganina ko Wanda ya fara koyon Hausa zai iyya gane abun da na rubuta ni a wikipedia ba komi Nike nema ba wurinka sai adalci idan akamin adalci kadai ya isheni. inaji.)[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 09:56, 2 Disamba 2024 (UTC) qmuyqxyues30vss4s1poqj6w4eoyp9f 0 7008 549962 542897 2024-12-02T03:36:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549962 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Nigerian number plate Edo.jpg|thumb|Lambar motar jihar edo]] [[File:Auchi central mosque.jpg|thumb|Masallacin unguwar auchi dake birnin Edo]] [[File:Nigerian Television Authority, Benin City, Edo State 3.jpg|thumb|Gidan talabijin na jihar Edo]] [[File:Edo state University, Uzairue, Edo state gate2.jpg|thumb|jami'ar Edo]] [[Fayil:Edo state polytechnic Usen.jpg|thumb]] '''Jihar Edo''' Jiha ce dake kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]].<ref>"Edo | state, Nigeria". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 2021-09-16.</ref> Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Benin City |Benin]]. Dangane da ƙidayar shekara ta 2006, Jihar ita ce ta shida a yawan jama'a da adadin mutane kimanin 3,233,366.<ref>"Nigeria Census - Nigeria Data Portal". ''nigeria.opendataforafrica.org''. Retrieved 2021-07-08.</ref> Edo ita ce ta 22 a faɗin ƙasa a Najeriya.<ref>"World Gazetteer: Nigeria - administrative divisions (per geographical…". ''archive.ph''. 2013-01-05. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05. Retrieved 2022-05-12.</ref> Babban birnin jihar shi ne [[Benin City (Birnin Benin)|Benin City]], ita ce [[Jerin birane a Najeriya|birni ta hudu]] a girma a Najeriya, kuma ta ƙunshi cibiyar masana'antun roba a Najeriya.<ref>"Benin City | History & Facts". ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 2021-07-09.</ref><ref>admin (2018-06-08). "Obaseki Revives N5.1bn Urhonigbe Rubber Plantation". ''THISDAYLIVE''. Retrieved 2021-07-10.</ref> An ƙirƙire ta a shekarar 1991, daga tsohuwar [[Yamma ta tsakiyar Najeriya|Jihar Bendel]], kuma ana kiranta da kuma suna "Heart beat of the Nation" (bugun zuciyan ƙasa).<ref>"Edo state: The heartbeat of the Nation". ''Channels Television''. Retrieved 2022-08-14.</ref> [[File:Edo state polytechnic Usen.jpg|thumb|Manyan makarantun jihar edo]] Jihar Edo tana da iyaka da [[Kogi (jiha)|Jihar Kogi]] daga arewa maso gabas, [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]] da ga gabas, [[Delta (jiha)|Jihar Delta]] daga kudu maso gabas da kudu maso kudancin jihar, [[Ondo|Jihar Ondo]] kuma daga yamma.<ref>"Edo | state, Nigeria | Britannica". ''www.britannica.com''. Retrieved 2022-07-24.</ref> Yankunan Jihar Edo a yau sun haɗa iyaka da masarautun da dauloli da aka kafa tun a ƙarni na 11 miladiyya, harda [[Masarautar Benin]].<ref>[[Edo State#CITEREFStrayer2013|Strayer 2013]], pp. 695–696.</ref> A shekarar alif 1897, Daular Burtaniya ta ƙaddamar da wata azzalimar ziyara ga yankin Benin, inda suka tarwatsa tsaffin biranen Edo, inda suka haɗe su a cikin yankin da ta zamo Yankin mulkin mallaka na Kudancin Najeriya.<ref>Obinyan, T. U. (September 1988). "The Annexation of Benin". ''Journal of Black Studies''. Sage . '''19''' (1): 29–40. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.1177/002193478801900103. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]] 2784423. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]] 142726955.</ref><ref>Koutonin, Mawuna (2016-03-18). "Story of cities #5: Benin City, the mighty medieval capital now lost without trace". ''the Guardian''. Retrieved 2021-07-10.</ref> Edo jiha ce dake ɗauke da mutane iri-iri musamman [[Harsunan Edoid]] da kuma [[Mutanen Edo]] ko Bini,<ref>"Edo" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-05-30.</ref> [[Mutanen Esan|Esan]], [[Kabilar Owan]], [[Mutanen Afemai|Afemai]].<ref>Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Nigeria: Esan ethnic group; whether it is a sub-group of the Yoruba; religions practised; whether members of this ethnic group engage in Ogboni practices". ''Refworld''. Retrieved 2021-03-15.</ref> Harshen da yafi fice daga cikin yarukan Edo shine [[Yaren Edo]] wanda akae yawan amfani dashi a Birnin Benin.<ref>"Edo language, alphabet and pronunciation". ''omniglot.com''. Retrieved 2021-03-15.</ref> Mafi yawa mutanen Jihar mabiya addinin Kiristanci ne. Turawan mishanari na Portugal suka kawo addinin a yankin a ƙarni na 15. Akwai 'yan tsirarun mabiya addinin Musulunci da addinan gargajiya.<ref>"Benin kingdom/Edo state Religions". ''www.edoworld.net''. Retrieved 2021-03-15.</ref> == Tarihi == [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya]] yanki ne a Najeriya a tsakanin shekarun 1963 zuwa 1991. Kuma ana kiranta da [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Jihar Bendel]] daga shekarar 1976. An ƙirƙiri jihar a watan June 1963, daga yankin gundumomin Benin da Delta na Yankin Yammacin Najeriya, kuma babban birninta shi ne Benin City.<ref>"About Edo". ''Edo State''. 2019-07-11. Retrieved 2021-07-08.</ref> An canza mata suna zuwa gunduma a 1966, sannna kuma a 1967 lokacin da aka rarraba sauran gundumomin zuwa jihohi da dama, ta tsaya a matsayin yanki, kafin daga bisani ta zamo jiha.<ref>"Edo state: The heartbeat of the Nation". ''Channels Television''. Retrieved 2021-07-09.</ref> A lokacin [[Yaƙin basasar Najeriya]], sojojin [[Biyafara]] sun kai wa sabuwar jihar [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya]] hari, wacce ta haɗa hanya da [[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]], a wata yunkuri na tilasta kawo karshen yakin. A yayin wannan fafatawar, an sanya wa jihar suna <nowiki>''</nowiki>[[Jamhuriyar Benin (1967)|Jamhuriyar Benin]] gabanin sojojin Najeriya su sake ƙwato yankin. Jimhuriyar ta zo ƙarshe na tsawon yini ɗaya bayan sojojin Najeriya sun kwace birnin Benin City. An ƙirƙiri jihar Edo a ranar 27 ga watan Augustan 1991, a lokacin da aka raba [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Jihar Bendel]] zuwa jihohin Edo da [[Delta (jiha)|Delta]].<ref>"Unveiling Nigeria - state". ''www.unveilingnigeria.ng''. Retrieved 2021-07-09.</ref><ref>Bondarenko, Dmitri M.; Roese, Peter M. (1999). "Benin Prehistory: The Origin and Settling down of the Edo". ''Anthropos''. '''94''' (4/6): 542–552. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 0257-9774. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]] 40465021.</ref> == Mutane == [[Fayil:Burial in Edo State.jpg|thumb|Mutanen Edo]] Tare da Birnin Benin a matsayin babban birnin jihar, yawan mutanen garin sun kai kimanin mutum miliyan 8.<ref name=":0">"About Edo". ''Edo State''. 2019-07-11. Retrieved 2021-07-10.</ref> Jihar ta kunshi muhimman kabilu guda hudu sune: [[Mutanen Edo|Kabilar Edo]] (mutanen Bini, [[Owan]], [[Mutanen Esan|Esan]], [[Mutanen Afemai|Afemai]] ([[Kabilar Etsakọ|Etsakọ]] da kuma [[Akoko-Edo]]). A jihar akwai mutane daga yankuna da dama daga sassa daban daban na duniya. Birnin bini yana da tarihin zama daya daga cikin yankunan da Turawa suka zauna a zamanin ziyarar su Nahiyar [[Afirka]] daruruwan shekaru da suka gabata. Wasu daga cikin wadannan yankuna sun zamo wuraren ziyaran buda idanu a yau.<ref>"About Edo". ''Edo State''. 2019-07-11. Retrieved 2021-07-09.</ref> == Zamantakewa == [[Fayil:Edo state University, Uzairue, Edo state gate2.jpg|thumb|Edo]] Muhimman kabilun Jihar Edo sun hada da kabilun Bini, Etsako, Esan, Owan da kuma kabilar Akoko Edo.<ref name=":0" /> Yawancin wadannan Kabilu sun samo asalli ne daga babban birnin Benin City, a dalilin haka harsunansu sun bambanta ne dangane da nisansu da babban birnin. Kabilar Bini sun mamaye kananan hukumomi guda bakwai daga cikin kananan hukumomi 18 dake jihar kuma sun kwashe kaso 57.54% na yawan mutanen Jihar. Sauran kuma: Esan (17.14%), Etsako (12.19%), Owan (7.43%), da kuma Akoko Edo (5.70%).<ref name=":0" /> Amma kuma akwai yarukan dake zaune a yankunan Akoko Edo, su kuma Itsekiri na zaune a yankin Ikpoba-Okha, da kuma harsunan [[Ijaw]]Izons, [[Kabilar Urhobo|Urhobos]] dake zaune a kananan hukumomin Ovia ta Arewa maso Gabas da Kudu maso Yamma da kuma yankunan iyakokin jihar. Har wayau, ana samun [[Harshen Ibo|mutanen Ibo]] a yanki Igbanke(Ika) dake karamar hukumar Orhionmwon.<ref>"Daily, Peoples (2020-07-17). "Edo: Igbo community in Edo declare support for Obaseki". ''Peoples Daily Newspaper''. Retrieved 2021-07-10.</ref> == Gwamnoni == {| class="sortable" !Suna !Take !Lokacin zama gwamna !Lokacin sauka !Jam'iyya !Bayani |- |Colonel [[John Ewerekumoh Yeri]] |[[Governor]] |August 1990 |January 1992 |(Mulkin Soja) | |- |[[John Odigie Oyegun|John E.K. Odigie Oyegun]] |Governor |January 1992 |November 1993 |SDP | |- |Colonel [[Mohammed Abul-Salam Onuka]] |[[Administrator of the government|Administrator]] |9 December 1993 |14 September 1994 |(Mulkin Soja) | |- |Colonel [[Bassey Asuquo]] |Administrator |14 September 1994 |22 August 1996 |(Mulkin Soja) | |- |Group Captain [[Baba Adamu Iyam]] |Administrator |22 August 1996 |7 August 1998 |(Mulkin Soja) | |- |Navy Captain [[Anthony Onyearugbulem]] |Administrator |7 August 1998 |29 May 1999 |(Mulkin Soja) | |- |Chief [[Lucky Igbinedion]] |Governor |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |- |Professor [[Oserheimen Osunbor]] |[[Governor]] |29 May 2007 |12 November 2008 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] |Kotu ta sauke shi kuma ta soke zaben<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-04-03 |title=The grand conspiracy that removed me as governor- Prof Osunbor |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/04/the-grand-conspiracy-that-removed-me-as-governor-prof-osunbor/ |access-date=2022-03-19 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |Comrade [[Adams Oshiomhole|Adams A. Oshiomhole]] |Governor |12 November 2008 |12 November 2016 |[[Action Congress|AC]] wacce daga bisani tayi maja da wasu jam'iyyoyi suka zama APC ([[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]]) in 2013 | |- |[[Godwin Obaseki]] |[[Governor]] |12 November 2016 |present |[[All Progressive Congress|APC]] daga baya kuma ya sauya sheka zuwa [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] a ranar 19 Juni 2020 don a sake zabar sa<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/06/breaking-edo-2020-governor-obaseki-formally-joins-pdp/|access-date=19 June 2020|title=BREAKING: EDO 2020: Governor Obaseki formally joins PDP|website=www.vanguardngr.com|date=19 June 2020}}</ref> |An sake zaben shi a Satumban 2020.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nigerian opposition governor wins re-election |url=https://news.yahoo.com/nigerian-opposition-governor-wins-election-152121634.html |access-date=20 September 2020 |work=news.yahoo.com |agency=AFP |date=20 September 2020}}</ref> |} [[File:Ososo2.jpg|300px|thumb|Ososo Hills]] == Kananan Hukumomi == Jihar Edo nada [[Kananan hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda goma sha takwas (18). Sune: *[[Akoko-Edo]] *[[Egor]] *[[Esan ta Tsakiya]] *[[Esan ta Arewa maso Gabas]] *[[Esan ta Kudu maso Gabas]] *[[Esan ta Yamma]] *[[Etsako ta Tsakiya]] *[[Etsako ta Gabas]] *[[Etsako ta Yamma]] *[[Igueben]] *[[Ikpoba-Okha]] *[[Oredo]] *[[Orhionmwon]] *[[Ovia ta Arewa maso Gabas]] *[[Ovia ta Kudu maso Yamma]] *[[Owan ta Gabas]] *[[Owan Yamma]] *[[Uhunmwonde]] == Yankunan Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo (Majalisa ta Biyar) a shekara ta 2013 == Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo a shekara ta 2013 ta kunshi yankuna guda ashirin da hudu (24){{div col|colwidth=10em}} *[[Akoko-Edo 1]] *[[Ovia ta Kudu maso Yamma]] *[[Orhionmwon I]] *[[Etsako ta Gabas]] *[[Uhunmwode]] *[[Esan ta Kudu maso Gabas]] *[[Esan ta Tsakiya]] *[[Esan ta Yamma]] *[[Igueben]] *[[Oredo ta Yamma]] *[[Esan ta Arewa maso Gabas I]] *[[Ikpoba-Okha]] *[[Etsako ta Gabas I]] *[[Owan ta Gabas]] *[[Orhionmwon II]] *[[Etsako ta Tsakiya]] *[[Owan ta Yamma]] *[[Egor]] *[[Esan ta Arewa maso Gabas II]] *[[Akoko-Edo II]] *[[Ovia ta Arewa maso Gabas II]] *[[Oredo ta Gabas]] *[[Ovia ta Arewa maso Gabas I]] *[[Etsako ta Yamma II]] {{div col end}} == Sashen Shari'a na Jihar Edo == Sashen Shari'a itace mataki na uku na gwamnatin Jihar Edo, wacce ke da alhakin zartar da shari'a da kuma sasanta rigingimu na al'umma da kuma masu laifi a jihar. A ranar 16 ga watab Mayun 2021 ne, Gwamna Obaseki ya rantsar da Mai Shari'a Joe Acha a matsayin a matsayin Alkalin Alkalai na rikon kwarya a Jihar Edo, bayan mai shari'a Esther Edigin ya ajiye aiki.<ref>"EDO: Obaseki appoints new Acting Chief Judge, urges commitment to oath of office". ''Vanguard News''. 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2022-03-19.</ref> == Siyasa == [[Godwin Obaseki]] ne gwamnan jihar Edo na yanzu kuma an rantsar da shi a ranar 12 ga watan Nuwamban, 2016.<ref>"Edo State Governor". ''www.nggovernorsforum.org''. Retrieved 2022-08-20.</ref> Mataimakinshi kuma shine Comrade Philip Shaibu.<ref>"Obaseki begins vacation, transfers powers to deputy". ''Punch Newspapers''. 2022-06-24. Retrieved 2022-08-20.</ref> == Harsuna == Turanci ne harshen gwamnati a jihar. Yarukan da ake magana dasu a jihar sun hada da:[[Harshen Edo]], Igarra, Etsako/Afemai, [[Harshen Esan]] da kuma [[Yaren Okpamheri]].<ref>Seibert, Uwe (24 April 2000). "Languages of Edo State". [[University of Iowa]]. Archived from the original on 13 December 2007. Retrieved 10 November 2007.</ref> Jihar Edo gida ne ga wasu harsunan kamar; [[Mutanen Edo|Edo]], [[Okpe]], [[Okpe]], [[Mutanen Esan|Esan]], Ora, [[Akoko-Edo]], [[Igbanke]], [[Mutanen Emai|Emai]].<ref name=":1">"Full List of Tribes in Edo State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 2022-01-31.</ref><ref>"Benin: City of tradition and culture". ''Vanguard News''. 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2021-07-10.</ref><ref>"Edo » Facts.ng". ''Facts.ng''. Retrieved 2021-07-11.</ref> Kabilun Etsako/Afemai ne ke da mafiya yawan musulmai a jihar. Sun mamaye kananan hukumomi shida kuma muhimmin aikinsu shine noma.<ref>"Full List of Tribes in Edo State Nigeria | AllNigeriaInfo". Retrieved 2022-01-31.</ref> Harsunan Jihar Edo dangane da kananan hukumomin jihar.<ref>"Nigeria". ''Ethnologue'' (22 ed.). Retrieved 10 January 2020.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | [[Akoko-Edo]] || Aduge; Akuku; Ebira; Enwan; Igwe; Ikpeshi; Ivbie North-Okpela-Arhe; Okpamheri; Okpe; Oloma; Ososo; Sasaru; Ukaan; Uneme |- | [[Esan ta TSakiya]] || Esan |- | [[Esan ta Arewa maso Gabas]] || Esan |- | [[Esan ta Kudu maso Gabas]] || Esan |- |[[Esanta Yamma]] || Esan |- | [[Etsako]] || Ivbie North-Okpela-Arhe; Uneme<ref name=":1" /> |- | [[Etsako a TSakiya]] || Etsako |- | [[Etsako ta Gabas]] || Etsako |- | [[Etsako ta Yamma]] || Etsako |- | [[Igueben]] || Esan |- | [[Ikpoba-Okha]] || Edo, Itsekiri |- |[[Oredo]] |Edo |- | [[Orhionmwon]] || Edo; Ika; |- | [[Ovia ta Arewa maso Gabas]] || Edo |- | [[Ovia ta Kudu maso Yamma]] || Edo |- | [[Owan ta Gabas]] || Emai-Iuleha-Ora; Ghotuo; Idesa; Ihievbe |- |[[Owan ta Yamma]]|| Emai - Iuleha, Ora |- | [[Uhunmwonde]] || Edo; Ika |} == Addinai == Mafi yawan mutanen Jihar Edo mabiya addinin Kirista ne tare da tsiraru daga cikin mabiya addinin Musulunci da addinan gargajiya.<ref>"Edo 2020: Group vows to boycott poll if Muslim candidate is not fielded". ''Tribune Online''. 2020-03-23. Retrieved 2022-05-12.</ref><ref>"Benin: City of tradition and culture". ''Vanguard News''. 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2022-05-12.</ref> == Tattalin arziki == Wuraren ziyara na Jihar Edo sun hada da; [[Mutum-mutumin Emotan]] dake cikin Birnin Benin, koramar Ise, da wurin shakatawa na gabar Kogin Niger wato [[Agenebode]]. Etsako-East; Mike Akhigbe Square dake [[fugar]], Ambrose Alli Square, [[Ekpoma]], River Niger Beaches da ke Ilushi, BFFM Building dake [[Ewu]], Igun Bronze Caster da ke Igun Street a birnin Benin City, Kwalejin numa da kiwon halittun ruwa (Agriculture and Aqua Culture Technology, Agenebode), [[Okpekpe]] da tsaunukan ta da wuraren kallo, tsaunin ''Usomege Hills, Apana-Uzairue, Somorika hills'' da ke [[Akoko Edo]] inda akwai wurin bude ido da gwamnati ta a shirya a [[Ososo]] da kyawawan wuraren kallon.<ref>"Edo State". NigeriaGalleria. Retrieved 28 December 2009.</ref><ref>"70 Exciting Tourist Spots". OnlineNigeria. Retrieved 28 December 2009.</ref> Jihar tana samar da man fetur<ref>Ogbeifun, Greg U (April 2006). "Importance of a Sea Outlet for Edo State". Retrieved 10 November 2007.</ref> da sauran ma'adanai kamar farar kasa da dutsen kwaru. Jihar tana da kamfanin siminti a Okpilla.<ref name=":2" /> da kamfanin fulawa a Ewu wanda ke kawo karshe.<ref name=":2">"CEMENT MANUFACTURING /PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA. A CASE STUDY OF EDO CEMENT FACTORY, UKPILLA, EDO STATE". ''NAU :: Open Educational Resources''. Retrieved 2022-08-15.</ref> == Ma'adanai == Ma'adinan da ake iya samu a jihar sun hada da:<ref>"Natural Resources – Welcome To The Embassy of Nigeria". Retrieved 2022-05-09.</ref> * Asphalt/Bitumen * Clay * Dolomite (mineral)/Dolomite * Phosphate * Glass/Glass-sand * Gold * Gypsum/Gypsium * Iron ore/Iron-ore * Lignite * Limestone * Marble * Fossil fuel/Oil/Gas == Ilimi == Makarantu na gaba da sakandare a Jihar Edo sun hada da: <!---♦♦♦ Only add an institution to this list if it already has its own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦---> * [[Auchi Polytechnic]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to the Auchi Polytechnic|url=https://www.auchipoly-online.com/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=www.auchipoly-online.com}}</ref> * [[Ambrose Alli University]], Ekpoma<ref>{{Cite web|title=2015-06-16 Ambrose Alli University|url=https://www.scholarsatrisk.org/report/2015-06-16-ambrose-alli-university/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Scholars at Risk|language=en-US}}</ref> * [[Benson Idahosa University]], Benin City<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-08-01|title=NUC approves new courses for BIU|url=https://guardian.ng/news/nuc-approves-new-courses-for-biu/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203752/https://guardian.ng/news/nuc-approves-new-courses-for-biu/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[Edo State Polytechnic|Edo State Polytechnic Usen]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-25|title=Edo poly to resume February 1|url=https://guardian.ng/news/edo-poly-to-resume-february-1/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref> * [[Edo Technical College]] *[[Edo University, Iyamho|Edo State University]], Uzairue (formerly Edo University, Iyahmo)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-10|title=Edo University, Iyamho|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/edo-university-iyamho|access-date=2021-07-15|website=Times Higher Education (THE)|language=en}}</ref> * [[Igbinedion University|Igbinedion University, Okada]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Igbinedion University Okada Nigeria|url=https://www.campus.africa/university/igbinedion-university-okada/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=campus.africa|language=en-US}}</ref> * [[Kings Polytechnic]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kings Polytechnic kingspoly{{!}} School Fees, Courses & Admission info|url=https://universitycompass.com/africa/Nigeria/polytechnic/Kings-Polytechnic.php|access-date=2021-06-23|website=universitycompass.com}}</ref> * [[Mudiame University]], Irrua * [[Samuel Adegboyega University]], [[Ogwa]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Samuel Adegboyega University Nigeria|url=https://www.campus.africa/university/samuel-adegboyega-university/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=campus.africa|language=en-US}}</ref> * [[Shaka Polytechnic]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shaka Polytechnic{{!}} School Fees, Courses & Admission info|url=https://universitycompass.com/africa/Nigeria/polytechnic/Shaka-Polytechnic.php|access-date=2021-06-23|website=universitycompass.com}}</ref> * [[University of Benin (Nigeria)|University of Benin]] (UNIBEN)<ref>{{Cite web|title=University of Benin on The Conversation|url=https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-benin-3614|access-date=2021-06-23|website=theconversation.com}}</ref> * [[Wellspring University]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=keetu|date=2018-02-01|title=Wellspring University School Fees For New Students 2021/2022 Academic Session|url=https://schoolings.org/wellspring-university-school-fees-for-new-students-2018-19/|access-date=2021-06-23|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[College of Education, Ekiadolor]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=College of Education, Ekiadolor courses, details and contact information - CoursesEye.com|url=https://www.courseseye.com/colleges-and-universities/3038-college-of-education-ekiadolor.aspx|access-date=2021-07-15|website=www.courseseye.com|language=en}}</ref> *[[College of Agriculture, Iguoriakhi]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-20|title=Edo College of Agriculture to takeoff first quarter 2021, Obaseki reassures|url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/edo-college-of-agriculture-to-takeoff-first-quarter-2021-obaseki-reassures/|access-date=2021-07-15|website=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-23|title=Obaseki performs groundbreaking ceremony of College of Agriculture in Edo|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/10/obaseki-performs-groundbreaking-ceremony-of-college-of-agriculture-in-edo/|access-date=2021-07-15|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Kiwon Lafiya == Jerin wuraren kiwon lafiya na Jihar Edo da kananan hukumomin da suke.<ref name="opendata.edostate.gov.ng"/> {| class="wikitable" |Medical Zone |Local Government |Name Of Hospital |Medical Zone |Local Government |Name Of Hospital |Medical Zone |Local Government |Name Of Hospital |- |[[Abudu]] |[[Orhionmwon]] |General Hospital, Abudu<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-08-27|title=For 14-Years Now, BEDC Has Not Supplied Us Electricity – MD, Abudu General Hospital|url=http://nigerianobservernews.com/2019/08/for-14-years-now-bedc-has-not-supplied-us-electricity-md-abudu-general-hospital/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Nigerian Observer|language=en-US}}</ref> |Benin |[[Oredo]] |Central Hospital B/City<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-07-18|title=PDP flays Gov Obaseki over Central Hospital, says it's fraud|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/07/pdp-flays-gov-obaseki-central-hospital-says-fraud/|access-date=2021-07-10|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> |[[Igarra]] |[[Akoko Edo]] |General Hospital, Igarra |- |[[Abudu]] |[[Orhionmwon]] |General Hospital, Igbanke<ref>{{Cite web|title=In Terms of Infrastructure, There Was Igbanke!|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/299540/in-terms-of-infrastructure-there-was-igbanke.html|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Nigerian Voice}}</ref> |[[Benin]] |[[Oredo]] |Cottage. Hospital Obayantor<ref>{{Cite web|last=Eshemokha|first=Udomoh|date=2020-05-09|title=73 Accredited List of NHIS Hospitals in Benin city with their Addresses|url=https://nimedhealth.com.ng/2020/05/09/73-accredited-list-of-nhis-hospitals-in-benin-city-with-their-addresses/|access-date=2021-08-21|website=Nigerian Health Blog|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821214223/https://nimedhealth.com.ng/2020/05/09/73-accredited-list-of-nhis-hospitals-in-benin-city-with-their-addresses/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web|title=Distribution of Hopital in Edo State – Edo State OpenData|url=http://www.opendata.edostate.gov.ng/2019/12/16/distribution-of-hopital-in-edo-state/|access-date=2021-08-21|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821214224/http://www.opendata.edostate.gov.ng/2019/12/16/distribution-of-hopital-in-edo-state/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[Igarra]] |[[Akoko Edo]] |Government Hospital, Ibillo |- |Abudu |Orhionmwon |General Hospital, Uronigbe<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-03-26|title=Odubu canvasses votes for APC|url=http://nigerianobservernews.com/2015/03/odubu-canvasses-votes-for-apc/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Nigerian Observer|language=en-US}}</ref> |Benin |Oredo |Stella Obasanjo Hospital<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-05-17|title=Stella Obasanjo Hospital Isolation Centre will be best — Obaseki|url=https://guardian.ng/news/stella-obasanjo-hospital-isolation-centre-will-be-best-obaseki/|access-date=2021-08-21|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821215743/https://guardian.ng/news/stella-obasanjo-hospital-isolation-centre-will-be-best-obaseki/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Stella Obasanjo Women & Children Hospital • Hospitals - Private • Benin City, Benin City|url=https://www.medpages.info/sf/index.php?page=organisation&orgcode=346421|access-date=2021-08-21|website=www.medpages.info}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA"/> |Etete Layout Road, |Benin City |Dist. Hospital, Uneme-Osu |- |Abudu |Orhionmwon |Cot. Hospital Oben |Ekpoma |Esan West |General Hospital, Ekpoma<ref>{{Cite web|title=ClinicStandard|url=https://clinicstandard.com/General-Hospital-Iruekpen-Iruekpen-Ekpoma-Nigeria-2|access-date=2021-07-10|website=clinicstandard.com|archive-date=2021-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710123026/https://clinicstandard.com/General-Hospital-Iruekpen-Iruekpen-Ekpoma-Nigeria-2|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[Iguobazuwa]] |[[Ovia South West]] |General Hospital. Iguobazuwa |- |Abudu |Orhionmwon |Cot. Hospital Egbokor |Ekpoma |Esan West |General Hospital, Iruekpen |Iguobazuwa |Ovia South West |Government Hospital Usen |- |Abudu |Uhunmwode |Dist. Hospital, Egba |Ekpoma |Esan Central |Dist. Hospital, Usugbenu |Iguobazuwa |Ovia North East |Dist. Hospital, Ekiadolor |- |Afuze |Owan East |General Hospital, Afuze<ref>{{Cite web|title=General and Teaching Hospitals in Delta State Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Delta/General-Teaching-Hospitals-in-Delta-State.html|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> |Ekpoma |Esan Central |Dist. Hospital, Ewu |Ossiomo |Leprosy Clinic in All L.G.A |Specislist Hospital, Ossiomo |- |[[Afuze]] |Owan East |Dist. Hospital, Otuo |[[Fugar]] |[[Etsako East]] |General Hospital, Fugar |[[Ubiaja]] |[[Esan South West]] |General Hospital, Ubiaja |- |Afuze |Owan West |General Hospital, Sabogida Ora<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-02|title=Edo communities where constituency projects are living testimonies|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/edo-communities-where-constituency-projects-are-living-testimonies/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> |Fugar |Etsako East |General Hospital, Agenebode |Ubiaja |Esan South West |Dist. Hospital, Ewohimi |- |Afuze |Owan West |Dist. Hospital, Uzebba |Fugar |Etsako East |Dist. Hospital, Apana |Ubiaja |Igueben |Government Hospital, Igueben |- |[[Auchi]] |[[Etsako West|Estako West]] |Central. Hospital, Auchi<ref>{{Cite web|title=NHIS Providers – EDO STATE {{!}} Integrated Health Care Limited|url=https://integratedhealthcareltd.com/nhis-providers-edo-state-2/|access-date=2021-06-21|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204452/https://integratedhealthcareltd.com/nhis-providers-edo-state-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[Fugar]] |Etsako West |Government Hospital, [[Agbede, Edo State|Agbede]] |Uromi |Esan North East |Central Hospital Uromi |} ==Shahararrun Mutane== <!-- ONLY ADD A PERSON TO THIS LIST IF THEY ALREADY HAVE A WIKIPEDIA ARTICLE--> *[[Oba of Benin]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-08-24|title=Oba of Benin emerges TROMPCOM chairman|url=https://punchng.com/oba-of-benin-emerges-trompcom-chairman/|access-date=2021-07-10|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> * [[John Odigie Oyegun]], Gwamnan farko na Jihar Edo kuma tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar APC<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-14|title=Odigie-Oyegun bemoans agitations for Nigeria's breakup|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/news/odigie-oyegun-bemoans-agitations-for-nigerias-breakup/|access-date=2021-06-20|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200924/https://editor.guardian.ng/news/odigie-oyegun-bemoans-agitations-for-nigerias-breakup/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-13|title=Oyegun to APC: Give Nigerians the change they desire|url=https://www.thecable.ng/oyegun-to-apc-give-nigerians-the-change-they-desire|access-date=2021-06-20|website=TheCable|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Godwin Obaseki]], Tsohon chiyaman na jiha na kungiyar harkokin tattalin arziki kuma Gwamnan Jihar Edo na yanzu<ref>{{Cite news|title='Make we stop to dey play di ostrich' - See Obaseki response to FG claims on Nigerian economy|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-56763979|access-date=2021-06-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BBL - Using technology to improve teacher performance and education quality in Edo State, Nigeria|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/edutech/brief/bbl-using-technology-to-improve-teacher-performance-and-education-quality-in-edo-state-nigeria|access-date=2021-06-20|website=World Bank|language=en}}</ref> *[[Jeffrey O]]bomeghie, Babban jami'i na asibitin International Hospitality Institute da marubuci<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-21 |title=Obomeghie shines in American hospitality industry, inducted into world hotelier's guild |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/obomeghie-shines-in-american-hospitality-industry-inducted-into-world-hoteliers-guild/ |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> *[[Erhabor Emokpae]], wanda ya fara fasaha na zamani a Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-05|title=Erhabor Ogieva Emokpae; Unforgettable master of African art|url=https://guardian.ng/art/erhabor-ogieva-emokpae-unforgettable-master-of-african-art/|access-date=2021-06-20|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625011457/https://guardian.ng/art/erhabor-ogieva-emokpae-unforgettable-master-of-african-art/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *Admiral [[Mike Akhigbe]], tsohon mataimakin shugaban kasa na [[Federal Republic of Nigeria]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-10-29|title=Mike Akhigbe, ex-Vice President of Nigeria, is dead, elder brother says {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/147398-mike-akhigbe-ex-vice-president-nigeria-dead-elder-brother-says.html|access-date=2021-06-20|language=en-GB}}</ref> *[[Dele Giwa]], dan jarida a Najeriya, edita kuma wanda ya kirkiri mujallar Newswatch.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-20|title=34 years after murder, Dele Giwa's family seeks justice, colleague insists on govt investigation|url=https://guardian.ng/features/media/34-years-after-murder-dele-giwas-family-seeks-justice-colleague-insists-on-govt-investigation/|access-date=2021-06-20|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625012328/https://guardian.ng/features/media/34-years-after-murder-dele-giwas-family-seeks-justice-colleague-insists-on-govt-investigation/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Reuters|date=1986-10-20|title=PARCEL BOMB KILLS NIGERIAN JOURNALIST ACCUSED OF PLOTTING|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/20/world/parcel-bomb-kills-nigerian-journalist-accused-of-plotting.html|access-date=2021-06-20|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> *Senator [[Albert Legogie]], tsohon mataimakin shugaban majalisar dattawa na Jamhuriya ta Uku kuma mafarin "Board of Trustees" na [[Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Peoples Democratic Party]] (PDP).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-06-18|title=Update: Ex-Deputy Senate President, Legogie, dies at 66 {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/139017-ex-deputy-senate-president-legogie-dead.html|access-date=2021-06-20|language=en-GB}}</ref> *Pa [[Michael Imoudu]], shugaban labour kuma and founder of the Nigeria state,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-20|title=Pa Michael Imoudu, a selfless labour leader|url=https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/pa-michael-imoudu-a-selfless-labour-leader/|access-date=2021-06-20|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605075413/https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/pa-michael-imoudu-a-selfless-labour-leader/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *Chief [[Julius Momo Udochi]], jakadan Najeriya na farko da kasar [[United States|Amurka]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=History of Nigeria Ambassadors to US – US-NIGERIA Trade Council USA|url=https://www.usnigeria.org/trade-and-diplomatic-statistics/history-of-nigeria-ambassadors-to-us/|access-date=2021-06-20|language=en-US}}</ref> *Gen. [[George Agbazika Innih]], gwamna na dan-lokaci a zamanin mulkin soji [[Mid-Western Region, Nigeria|Bendel]] and [[Kwara State]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Major General Agbazika Innih|url=https://www.edoworld.net/General_Innih.html|access-date=2021-06-20|website=www.edoworld.net}}</ref> * Major-General [[Abdul Rahman Mamudu]] tsohon kwamanda [[Nigerian Army]] "Signals Corps and military administrator" [[Gongola State]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-11-24|title=Afemai People {{!}} Hometown.ng™|url=https://hometown.ng/listing-item/afemai-people/|access-date=2021-06-21|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Aigboje Aig-Imoukhuede]], wanda ya taimaka wajen kirkirar bankin [[Access Bank Plc]] kuma ya kirkiri "Africa Initiative for Governance" (AIG)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-28|title=Aigboje Aig-Imoukhuede Soldiers on at 53|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/09/28/aigboje-aig-imoukhuede-soldiers-on-at-53/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-06|title=Aig-Imoukhuede: How Access Bank designed a winning business model for MTN|url=https://www.thecable.ng/aig-imoukhuede-how-access-bank-designed-a-winning-business-model-for-mtn-in-nigeria|access-date=2021-06-21|website=TheCable|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Adams Oshiomhole]], tsohon shugaban [[Nigeria Labour Congress]] kuma tsohon gwamnan Jihar Edo; shi ya gina [[Edo University, Iyamho|Edo University]] da ke Iyamoh, Jihar Edo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The rise and fall of a Nigerian labor hero|url=https://africasacountry.com/2021/02/the-rise-and-fall-of-a-nigerian-labor-hero|access-date=2021-06-21|website=africasacountry.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title='I dey kampe' - See Oshiomhole reaction to Obaseki election victory|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-54276989|access-date=2021-06-21}}</ref> *Pastor [[Chris Oyakhilome]], wanda ya kirkiri Believers Loveworld Nation<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-31|title=Pastor Oyakhilome has come again {{!}} The Nation Nigeria|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/pastor-oyakhilome-has-come-again/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-31|title=Oyakhilome condemns regulation of church services|url=https://punchng.com/oyakhilome-condemns-regulation-of-church-services/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> *Prince [[Tony Momoh]], tsohon ministan Labarai da al'adu (Information and Culture)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-03|title=Tinubu, Mohammed, Gani Adams, others mourn Momoh|url=https://guardian.ng/news/tinubu-mohammed-gani-adams-others-mourn-momoh/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-01|title=Ex-information minister Tony Momoh is dead|url=https://punchng.com/breaking-ex-information-minister-tony-momoh-is-dead/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Maymunah Kadiri]], Wakilin masu tabun hankali a Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-25|title=Maymunah Kadiri|url=https://newvoicesfellows.aspeninstitute.org/fellow/maymunah-kadiri/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=New Voices Fellowship|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=WOMAN OF THE MONTH: Dr. Maymunah Yusuf Kadiri – Pinnacle Medical Services|url=https://www.pinnaclemedicalservices.com.ng/woman-of-the-month-dr-maymunah-yusuf-kadiri/|access-date=2021-06-21|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204003/https://www.pinnaclemedicalservices.com.ng/woman-of-the-month-dr-maymunah-yusuf-kadiri/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *Commander [[Anthony Ikhazoboh]], ministan wasanni da zurga-zurga{{citation needed|date=June 2022}} *Professor [[Ambrose Folorunsho Alli|Ambrose Alli]], tsohon gwamnan Jihar Bendel da ta shude. Shi ya kirkiri Jami'ar Jihar Bendel kuma an sanya mata sunanshi a yau.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof. Ambrose Folorunsho Alli|url=https://www.edoworld.net/Alli_Biography.html|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.edoworld.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-06-18|title=Buhari jailed my father unjustly — Ambrose Alli's daughter|url=https://punchng.com/buhari-jailed-father-unjustly-ambrose-allis-daughter/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[John Momoh]], dan jarida mai watsa labari kuma CEO na [[Channels TV]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Momoh {{!}} PeaceTech Lab|url=https://www.peacetechlab.org/john-momoh|access-date=2021-06-21|website=PeaceTech Lab {{!}} Putting the Right Tools in the Right Hands to Build Peace|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-08-22|title=Mr. John Momoh|url=http://www.cfa-network.org/business-services-john-momoh|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Constituency for Africa|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202348/http://www.cfa-network.org/business-services-john-momoh|url-status=dead}}</ref> *Professor [[Osayuki Godwin Oshodin]], tsohon vice chancellor na [[University of Benin (Nigeria)|University of Benin]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-12-03|title=Oshodin formally hands over to new Uniben VC|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/12/oshodin-formally-hands-new-uniben-vc/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Perishable|title=Uniben: Oshodin's Footprints News - TELL Magazine|url=https://tell.ng/special-focus/uniben-oshodins-footprints-news/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=tell.ng|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624210524/https://tell.ng/special-focus/uniben-oshodins-footprints-news/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Jacob U. Egharevba]], a [[Bini people|Bini]] masanin tarihi kuma jagora na gargajiya<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Usuanlele |first1=Uyilawa |last2=Falola |first2=Toyin |date=1994 |title=The Scholarship of Jacob Egharevba of Benin |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171890 |journal=History in Africa |volume=21 |pages=303–318 |doi=10.2307/3171890 |jstor=3171890 |s2cid=161203337 |issn=0361-5413}}</ref> * Dr [[Samuel Ogbemudia]], tsohon gwamnan Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya na Najeriya kuma daga bisani na Jihar Bendel<ref>{{Cite web|title=Midwest/Bendel/Edo state Governors 1963-Date|url=https://www.edoworld.net/Governors_1963_to_date.html|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.edoworld.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-03-12|title=My father dug his grave years ago — Son|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/03/ogbemudia-ex-governor-midwest-bendel-dies-84/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-03-18|title=Eulogies as Samuel Ogbemudia is buried|url=https://guardian.ng/news/eulogies-as-samuel-ogbemudia-is-buried/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625012338/https://guardian.ng/news/eulogies-as-samuel-ogbemudia-is-buried/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *Chief [[Anthony Enahoro]], dan adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma mai and pro-democracy activist and politician<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chief Anthony Enahoro|newspaper=[[The Times]]|language=en|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/chief-anthony-enahoro-h6ndvv5rwbw|access-date=2021-06-21|issn=0140-0460}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-24|title=REMEMBERING THE "FATHER OF NIGERIA STATE" CHIEF ANTHONY ENAHORO|url=https://fatherlandgazette.wordpress.com/2019/07/24/remembering-the-father-of-nigeria-state-chief-anthony-enahoro/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Fatherland Gazette|language=en}}</ref> *Professor [[Festus Iyayi]], marubucin littattafai kuma dan Afurka na farko da ya fara lashe lamban yao na [[Commonwealth Writers Prize]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-02-21|title=South Africa, Nigeria dominate African Region for Commonwealth Writers' Prize|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/02/south-africa-nigeria-dominate-african-region-for-commonwealth-writers-prize/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Nwakobi|first=Emeka|date=2019-10-02|title=Five Times Nigerian Writers Won The Commonwealth Best Book Prize|url=https://www.eelive.ng/five-times-nigerian-writers-won-the-commonwealth-best-book-prize/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=eelive|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Odia Ofeimun]], mahikyanci kuma tsohon shugaban [[Association of Nigerian Authors]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-15|title=Odia: I have never been celibate, ask my girlfriends|url=https://guardian.ng/art/odia-i-have-never-been-celibate-ask-my-girlfriends/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201320/https://guardian.ng/art/odia-i-have-never-been-celibate-ask-my-girlfriends/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-15|title=Buhari celebrates Poet Odia Ofeimun at 70|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/382006-buhari-celebrates-poet-odia-ofeimun-at-70.html|access-date=2021-06-21|language=en-GB}}</ref> *Dr [[Abel Guobadia]], mai ilimantarwa kuma tsohon jakadan Najeriya da Republic of Korea, tsohon Chairman [[Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-02-04|title=Ex-INEC Boss, Guobadia Dies|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2011/02/04/ex-inec-boss-guobadia-dies/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=P.M. News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-02-04|title=Breaking News: Abel Guobadia ex-INEC boss dies|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/02/breaking-news-abel-guobadia-die/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *General [[Godwin Abbe]], tsohon ministan Najeriya akan Tsaron cikin Gida<ref>{{Citation|title=Price, Rt Hon. George (Cadle), (15 Jan. 1919–19 Sept. 2011), Senior Minister, 1998–2003, and former Minister of Defence and National Emergency Management, Belize|date=2007-12-01|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u31415|work=Who Was Who|publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u31415|access-date=2021-06-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-12|title=Godwin Abbe: At 70, I Have Learnt to Be Patient, Satisfied and to Shun Materialism|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/01/12/godwin-abbe-at-70-i-have-learnt-to-be-patient-satisfied-and-to-shun-materialism/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Archbishop John Edokpolo]], wanda ya kirkiri makarantar Edokpolo Grammar Schools and Political Activist<ref>{{Cite web|title=Politics and Legacies- Arch-Bishop John Enoyogiere Edokpolo and the verdict of history- a text presented at Edokpolo Grammar School Old Boys 50th Anniversary Ceremony- 4thDecember 2010 by Comrade Aiyamenkhue Edokpolo- SSA to the Gov of Edo State.|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/40149/politics-and-legacies-arch-bishop-john-enoyogiere-edokpolo.html|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Nigerian Voice}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Overview of Edo – Niger Delta Budget Monitoring Group|url=https://www.nigerdeltabudget.org/overview-of-edo/|access-date=2021-06-21|language=en-US}}</ref> *Sir [[Victor Uwaifo]], mawakai<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sir Victor Uwaifo music, videos, stats, and photos|url=https://www.last.fm/music/Sir+Victor+Uwaifo|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Last.fm|language=en}}</ref> *Archbishop [[Benson Idahosa]], shugaban cocin Pentecost<ref>{{Cite web|title=Our Founder|url=https://www.biu.edu.ng/about-biu/our-founder/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Benson Idahosa University|language=en|archive-date=2022-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111125800/https://www.biu.edu.ng/about-biu/our-founder/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dacb.org/stories/nigeria/idahosa-bensona/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=dacb.org|title=Idahosa, Benson Andrew}}</ref> *[[Sonny Okosun]], mawaki<ref>{{Cite news|last=Martin|first=Douglas|date=2008-06-25|title=Sonny Okosuns, 61, Musician With Message, Is Dead|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/25/arts/music/25okosuns.html|access-date=2021-06-21|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Okosuns, Sonny {{!}} Encyclopedia.com|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/okosuns-sonny|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> *[[Augustine Eguavoen]], tsohon dan wasan kwallafa na kwararru na Najeriya pkuma mai horo <ref>{{Cite web|title=Augustine Eguavoen biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15660/augustine-eguavoen|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> *[[Felix Idubor]], artist<ref>{{Cite web|title=Felix Idubor {{!}} Art Auction Results|url=https://www.mutualart.com/Artist/Felix-Idubor/3F455E9A5FE4F72F|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.mutualart.com|language=en}}</ref> *[[Festus Ezeli]], dan wasan kwallon kwando wanda yayi wasa a kungiyar [[Golden State Warriors]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Professional Basketball Player Festus Ezeli Works to Brighten the Future for Youth|url=https://kindhumans.com/kindhumans-blog/professional-basketball-player-festus-ezeli-works-to-brighten-the-future-for-youth/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Kindhumans|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203747/https://kindhumans.com/kindhumans-blog/professional-basketball-player-festus-ezeli-works-to-brighten-the-future-for-youth/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Modupe Ozolua]], likitan habaka jiki da surgery<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-27|title=As Modupe Ozolua Dumps 'First Love'|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/10/27/as-modupe-ozolua-dumps-first-love/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-10-30|title=The Rise of Cosmetic Surgery in Nigeria|url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/the-rise-of-cosmetic-surgery-in-nigeria/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref> *Chief [[Tony Anenih]], chairman na kwamitin amintattu na (PDP) tsohon Ministan Ayyuka.<ref>{{Cite web|last=None|date=2018-10-29|title=Free to read {{!}} FW: Tony Anenih, former Nigerian Minister of Works, is dead|url=https://www.stearsng.com/article/fw-tony-anenih-former-nigerian-minister-of-works-is-dead|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.stearsng.com|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203607/https://www.stearsng.com/article/fw-tony-anenih-former-nigerian-minister-of-works-is-dead|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tony Anenih – Channels Television|url=https://www.channelstv.com/tag/tony-anenih/|access-date=2021-06-21}}</ref> *[[Gabriel Igbinedion]], international business mogul kuma babban chife na bini, me ITV<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-18|title=CHIEF (SIR) GABRIEL OSAWARU IGBINEDION CELEBRATES 86TH BIRTHDAY IN GRAND STYLE|url=http://www.ovationinternational.com/chief-sir-gabriel-osawaru-igbinedion-celebrates-86th-birthday-in-grand-style/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Ovation Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Itv benin contact|url=https://enseignements.william-marrion-branham.com/3yyomuw/itv-benin-contact.php|access-date=2021-06-21|website=enseignements.william-marrion-branham.com|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203251/https://enseignements.william-marrion-branham.com/3yyomuw/itv-benin-contact.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Raymond Dokpesi]], me babban gidan telebijin a Afurka kuma dan siyasa<ref>{{Cite news|title=DAAR Communications say na politics make goment destroy dia Abuja building|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-47955400|access-date=2021-06-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigeria shuts down private TV, radio stations tied to opposition|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/6/7/nigeria-shuts-down-private-tv-radio-stations-tied-to-opposition|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-27|title=Raymond Dokpesi Honoured with 'Zuoje' Title in Liberia|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/12/27/raymond-dokpesi-honoured-with-zuoje-title-in-liberia/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen]], film director, screenwriter and producer<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen|url=https://cultureintelligence.yafri.ca/people/lancelot-oduwa-imasuen/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Culture Intelligence from RED|language=en-GB}}</ref> *[[Suyi Davies Okungbowa]], marubuci kirkirarren labari da kuma labarai na almara<ref>{{Cite web|last=africaindialogue|date=2020-02-05|title=Pushing Frontiers In African Speculative And Fantasy Fiction: A Dialogue With Suyi Davies Okungbowa|url=https://africaindialogue.com/2020/02/05/pushing-frontiers-in-african-speculative-and-fantasy-fiction-a-dialogue-with-suyi-davies-okungbowa/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Africa in Dialogue|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-08|title=Suyi Davies Okungbowa|url=https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/contributor/suyi-davies-okungbowa/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Hachette Book Group|language=en-US}}</ref> *Osaze [[Peter Odemwingie]], kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa<ref>{{Cite news|title=MR P and ex-Nigerian striker Peter Odemwingie gbas-gbos ontop social media|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-55157341|access-date=2021-06-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Adeoye|first=Aanu|date=2021-01-28|title=A tribute to Peter Odemwingie, a wonderful player unfairly remembered|url=https://www.planetfootball.com/nostalgia/moment-madness-shouldnt-define-peter-odemwingies-career/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Planet Football|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Chris Aire]]-Iluobe, mai sana'ar jauhari kuma designer<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-03-10|title=CHRIS AIRE: A Nigerian can succeed any where in the World|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/03/chris-aire-a-nigerian-can-succeed-any-where-in-the-world/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-10-30|title=How I started top jewellery business in US with just $5, 000 — Nigerian-born international bizman Chris Aire|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/how-i-started-top-jewellery-business-in-us-with-just-5-000-nigerian-born-international-bizman-chris-aire/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Francis Edo-Osagie]], dan kasuwa {{citation needed|date=June 2022}} *[[Kamaru Usman]], kwararren dan damben mixed martial arts wanda aka baiwa kwantiragin [[Ultimate Fighting Championship]], kuma welterweight champion.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kamaru Usman Net Worth 2021, Salary & Endorsements|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/mma/kamaru-usman-net-worth|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.sportskeeda.com|language=en-us}}</ref> *[[Yakubu (footballer)|Yakubu Ayegbeni]], tsohon kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-30|title=Portsmouth Great Yakubu Aiyegbeni Reveals New Career After Retirement|url=https://soccernet.ng/2020/10/portsmouth-great-yakubu-aiyegbeni-reveals-new-career-after-retirement.html|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Soccernet.ng|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Yakubu Aiyegbeni: How NFF, Everton and fans celebrated Super Eagles legend at 38 {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ph/news/yakubu-aiyegbeni-how-nff-everton-and-fans-celebrated-super/7k20k0rqhqyl1jl7fr51st1tp|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.goal.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Adeoye|first=Aanu|date=2020-11-22|title=A tribute to Yakubu, the one-man Premier League wrecking ball|url=https://www.planetfootball.com/nostalgia/tribute-yakubu-one-man-premier-league-wrecking-ball/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Planet Football|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Rema (Nigerian musician)]], mawaki wanda ya sa hannu da [[Mavin Records]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-10|title=Nigeria's Mavin Records launches executive talent program, Mavin Future Five|url=https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/nigerias-mavin-records-launches-new-exec-talent-program-mavin-future-five/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Music Business Worldwide|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Philip Shaibu]] (haihuwar 1 December 1969, a Kaduna) tsohon dalbi a [[University of Jos]] alkali ne a Najeriya, dan siyasa kuma dan kasuwa. Shine mataimakin gwamnan Jihar Edo na yanzu .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Page 15|url=https://metrowatchonline.com/page/15/?p=infolist%3Fpr%3D125776&lang=en|access-date=2021-06-21|website=METROWATCH|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Eghosa Asemota Agbonifo]], politician, coordinator of Michael Agbonifo shoe a child foundation<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-21|title=Eghosa Asemota Agbonifo speak on what inspired him to join Edo State politics, as campaign kicks off|url=https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/eghosa-asemota-agbonifo-speaks-on-what-inspired-him-to-join-edo-state-politics-as-campaign-kicks-off/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref> *Prof [[T. M. Yesufu]], wanda ya fara zama Vice-Chancellor a Jami'ar Benin, economist.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-10-09|title=Prof. T. M. Yesufu, pioneer UNIBEN vice chancellor passes on|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/10/prof-t-m-yesufu-pioneer-uniben-vice-chancellor-passes/|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=THE pioneer vice chancellor of the University of Benin, Prof {{!}} Encomium Magazine|url=https://encomium.ng/pioneer-uniben-vice-chancellor-prof-t-m-yesufu-dies-2/|access-date=2021-06-21|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Odion Jude Ighalo]], kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-11 |title=Odion Ighalo Biography Facts, Childhood, Net Worth, Life |url=https://sportytell.com/biography/odion-ighalo-biography-facts-childhood-net-worth-life/ |access-date=2022-05-26 |website=SportyTell |language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Victor Osimhen]], kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Victor Osimhen: How football celebrated Africa's most expensive player at 22 {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/victor-osimhen-how-football-celebrated-africas-most/3a7vzrikgh1m1rkd6d9edrah4|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.goal.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Most expensive Nigerian footballer Victor Osimhen biography, net worth, cars, & latest news!|url=https://naijauto.com/market-news/victor-osimhen-6991|access-date=2021-06-21|website=naijauto.com|language=en|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202728/https://naijauto.com/market-news/victor-osimhen-6991|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Aisha Yesufu]], 'Yar gwarmayar siyasa akan zamantakewa a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Adenuga|first=Pete|date=2021-02-24|title=The Problematic Mentality Of Aisha Yesufu's LGBTQ Activism|url=https://aninjusticemag.com/the-problematic-mentality-of-aisha-yesufus-lgbtq-activism-785f31a0c74a|access-date=2021-06-21|website=Medium|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigerian Female Activists Press to Overcome Biases {{!}} Voice of America - English|url=https://www.voanews.com/africa/nigerian-female-activists-press-overcome-biases|access-date=2021-06-21|website=www.voanews.com|language=en}}</ref> *[[Yvonne Jegede]] jaruman, furodusan fina-finai, 'yar talla, kuma mai fitowa a shiri Telebijin; musamman wajen shirya ''3 is Company''.<ref>{{Citation |last=actor. |first=Jombo, Nelson, producer, executive producer. Eme, Emmanuel Mang, director. Kalu, Ijeoma Cinthia, screenwriter. Akindele, Seun, actor. McNwizu, Bayray, actor. Ogbonna, LK, actor. Jegede, Yvonne, actress. Ade, Adunni |title=Housegirl Lover. |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/906611470 |oclc=906611470 |access-date=2022-03-18}}</ref> *[[Zakariyau Oseni]], shaharrren farfesa na Larabci kuma malami a [[Islamic Studies Library|Islamic studies]], guardian of [[Arabic language school|Arabic language]] da literature, kuma limami kuma poet.<ref>{{Cite web|title=As Nigeria's Guardian of Arabic retires from Unilorin to Auchi|url=https://dailytrust.com/as-nigerias-guardian-of-arabic-retires-from-unilorin-to-auchi|access-date=2021-07-10|website=Daily Trust|date=19 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref> *[[Mike Ozekhome]], mai kare hakki da 'yan dan Adam.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-02 |title=Chief Mike Ozekhome, SAN |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/chief-mike-ozekhome-san/ |access-date=2022-05-26 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> *[[Mike Oghiadomhe]], chief of staff na shugaban kasa [[Goodluck Jonathan]] in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-02-10|title=Why Jonathan's CoS, Oghiadomhe resigned|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/02/jonathans-cos-oghiadomhe-resigned/|access-date=2021-07-10|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-02-18|title=Breaking: Jonathan appoints retired General Arogbofa as new Chief of Staff {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/155371-breaking-jonathan-appoints-retired-general-arogbofa-new-chief-staff.html|access-date=2021-07-10|language=en-GB}}</ref> *[[Solomon Arase]], tsohon kuma Inspeta jenar na 'Yan sanda a Najeriya karkashin shugaba mulkin Goodluck Jonathan.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-04-21|title=DIG Solomon Arase appointed acting IGP|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/04/dig-solomon-arase-appointed-acting-igp/|access-date=2021-07-10|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-23|title=Police reform: Buhari wished Arase worked with him longer, says Femi Adesina|url=https://www.thecable.ng/police-reform-buhari-wished-arase-worked-with-him-longer-says-femi-adesina|access-date=2021-07-10|website=TheCable|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Julius Aghahowa]], kwararren dan wasan kwallon kafa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-01|title=Julius Aghahowa explains why he shunned coaching|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/04/aghahowa-explains-why-he-shunned-coaching/|access-date=2021-07-10|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Julius Aghahowa biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/15643/julius-aghahowa|access-date=2021-07-10|website=www.manpower.com.ng}}</ref> *[[Sam Loco Efe]] (1945-2011), tsohon jarumin Nollywood kuma furodusa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-08-10|title=Six years after death, veteran actor, Sam Loco, comes alive in 'The Diary of Mimicko' {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/239787-six-years-death-veteran-actor-sam-loco-comes-alive-diary-mimicko.html|access-date=2021-07-10|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-08-08|title=Remembering legendary Nollywood actor 7 years after death|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/sam-loco-efe-remembering-legendary-nollywood-actor-7-years-after-death/v7hpgbx|access-date=2021-07-10|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> *Admiral [[Augustus Aikhomu]],tsohon chief of staff a lokacin General [[Ibrahim Babangida]] administration.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-08-17|title=Nigerians react as Admiral Augustus Aikhomu dies @72|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/08/nigerians-react-as-admiral-augustus-aikhomu-dies-72/|access-date=2021-07-10|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Helen Paul]], 'yar barkwanci kuma jaruma kuma an santa da Tatafo. ta kasance fuskar Telecom consumer na [[Nigerian Communications Commission]] (NCC).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Helen Paul, Tatafo, Comedian, Actress, Singer, Nigeria Personality Profiles|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/Personality-Profiles/Comedians/Helen-Paul.html|access-date=2021-07-10|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sanusi|first=Sola|date=2017-03-17|title=Nollywood actors get appointment with Nigerian Communications Commission|url=https://www.legit.ng/1094260-helen-paul-ali-nuhu-ncc-ambassadorial-appointments.html|access-date=2021-07-10|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref> *[[Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen]], darekta kuma furodusa a Nollywood. Ya kirkiri makarantan fim na farko a Benin [[Igbinedion University]], Okada, Jihar Edo. *Hon. [[Joe Edionwele]], dan siyasa kuma dan majalisa a majalisa ta 8 da ta 9 [[National Assembly (Nigeria)|National Assembly, Nigeria]] mai wakiltar mazabar Edo ta Tsakiya. *[[Lucky Igbinedion]] dan siyasa kuma tsohon gwamnan Jihar Edo.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nosakhare. |first=Igbinedion, Lucky |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/49861823 |title=A mid-term report of Lucky Nosakhare Igbinedion, Executive Governor, Edo State. |date=2001 |publisher=Ministry of Information, Youth & Sports |oclc=49861823}}</ref> *[[Oserheimen Osunbor]], Lauya kuma gwamna na wani dan lokaci a jihar.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Oserheimen |last=Osunbor |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/805381036 |title=Deepening democracy in Nigeria through law : an analysis of some contemporary issues in national transformation |date=2010 |publisher=Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies |isbn=978-978-8407-21-8 |oclc=805381036}}</ref> *[[Osagie Ehanire]] Likitan Najeriya kuma dan siyasa<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. E. Osagie Ehanire |url=https://www.gainhealth.org/dr-e-osagie-ehanire |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=Home |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Osagie E. Ehanire |url=https://tydanjumafoundation.org/board-of-trustees/dr-osagie-e-ehanire/ |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=TY Danjuma Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Skales]] mawakin rap na Najeriya, kuma marubci. *[[Nancy Isime]] Jaruma a Najeriya, 'yar talla kuma sannan a midiya. *[[Adesua Etomi]] Jaruma a Najeriya *[[BB02]] Mawaki *[[Prof. Eghosa Emmanuel Osaghae]], farfesa akan harkokin siyasa a Jami'ar Ibadan, Jihar Oyo, Najeriya. ya rike matsayin Vice Chancellor a [[Igbinedion University, Okada]] tsakanin 2004-2018. A shekarar 2019, ya kasance shugaban Claude Ake a Jam'iar Uppsala da ke Sweden. A shekara ta 2017, Professor Osaghae ya koyar da siyasa da zamantakewa a Van Zyl Slabbert, Jam'iar Cape Town South Africa. A yanzu yana bin sahun MacArthur. Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari ya nada shi matsayin Director General na Nigerian Institute of International Affairs (NIIA). <!-- ONLY ADD A PERSON TO THIS LIST IF THEY ALREADY HAVE A WIKIPEDIA ARTICLE--> == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Edo}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] 3lcbaly7ni05wiavydzd23h9z32hufp 0 9032 550280 516000 2024-12-02T10:31:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550280 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:ICTCentersNorthSouthIgabi-This project is among the constituency projects facillated by the Distinguished Sen. Uba Sani.jpg|thumb|ICT center igabi]] [[Fayil:Igaba Local Government Area Land.jpg|thumb|Igabi]] [[File:Hausa Wikipedia edit a thon igabi 45.jpg|thumb|Hausa_Wikipedia_edit_a_thon_igabi_45]] [[File:Hausa Wikipedia edit a thon igabi 42.jpg|thumb|Hausa_Wikipedia_edit_a_thon_igabi_42]] [[File:Refused dump in Mahuta part of Igabi local Government Area of Kaduna state.jpg|thumb|Refused_dump_in_Mahuta_part_of_Igabi_local_Government_Area_of_Kaduna_state]] '''Igabi karamar,'''[[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|hukuma]] ce ( LGA ) a jihar kaduna, [[Najeriya]]. Shugaban karamar Hukumar shine Jabir Khamis, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-07 |title=Kaduna LG Polls: APC humbles PDP, wins 15 chairmanship seats |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/483524-kaduna-lg-polls-apc-humbles-pdp-wins-15-chairmanship-seats.html |access-date=2022-03-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Yana daya daga cikin kananan hukumomi 774, a Najeriya. Unguwar Rigasa tana karkashin, karamar hukumar Igabi, daya daga cikin babbar unguwa a fannin yawan jama'a a Najeriya.<ref name="drpc Ngr" /> == Tarihi == [[File:Maru Igabi, standing next to one of the lake in Laloki. It is in Port Moresby, Capital city of Papua New Guinea.jpg|thumb|Maru_Igabi,_standing_next_to_one_of_the_lake_in_Laloki._It_is_in_Port_Moresby,_Capital_city_of_Papua_New_Guinea]] Binciken da dRPC Nigeria.(development Research and Projects Centre Nigeria) ta gudanar ya nuna cewa wani dan garin [[Kukawa]] ne ya assasa Igabi, a jihar Borno, mutumin malamin [[Alqur'ani mai girma|kur'ani]] ne wanda ya zauna a kusa da Rigachikun, yana karantar da kur'ani da karatun addinin musulunci. a yankin sakamakon cikar al'ummar Hausawa zuwa arewa maso gabashin Najeriya musamman jihar Borno domin neman ilimin addinin Musulunci. Babban birnin karamar hukumar na yanzu shine Turunku. <ref name="drpc Ngr">{{cite web |url=http://www.drpcngr.org/attachments/article/65/Social%20History%20of%204LGAs.pdf |title=History of 4 LGAs |publisher=dRPC Nigeria |access-date=2017-02-18 |archive-date=2017-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170402115141/http://drpcngr.org/attachments/article/65/Social%20History%20of%204LGAs.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Asalin garin Igabi da ya kai karamar hukuma wani mutum ne mai suna Igabi ya zo ya zauna a yankin. Mutumin dan asalin jihar Borno ne mai suna Malam Ahmadu, wani malamin addinin Musulunci ne wanda ya isa wurin da ya kafa garin tare da dimbin Almajirai (dalibai), wadanda yawansu ya haura dari. Daga baya wasu dalibai daga kauyukan da ke makwabtaka da su suka shiga tare da shi. <ref>{{Cite book|last=V.N|first=Low|title=three Nigerian Emirates: A study in oral History|publisher=Northwestern University Press|year=1972|location=Evanston|pages=40–43}}</ref> A shekarar 1907 ne aka ba Igabi a matsayin gundumar da ke karkashin [[Zazzau|Masarautar Zazzau]] a karkashin mulkin mulkin mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya da Turaki Babba na Zazzau na farko da Turaki Babba ya yi. Bayan rasuwar Turaki Babba a farkon shekarun 1950 aka mayar da shugabancin zuwa Dan Madami Zubairu, sai Dan Madami Umaru, yanzu kuma Bello Sani. [[Fayil:Igaba Local Government Area Land.jpg|thumb|Igabi]] An tabbatar da bullar cutar murar tsuntsaye ta H5N1 ta farko a wata kasar [[Afirka]] a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu, 2006, a wata gonar kaji ta kasuwanci a Jaji, wani kauye a Igabi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thanhniennews.com/healthy/?catid=8&newsid=23551 |title=More Nigerian states hit by bird flu infection |publisher=Reuters |access-date=2009-11-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103194617/http://www.thanhniennews.com/healthy/?catid=8 |archive-date=January 3, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?ReportId=79805 |title=NIGERIA: New bird flu strain confirmed |date=13 August 2008 |publisher=IRIN: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs |access-date=2009-11-18}}</ref> == Alkaluma == ’Yan asalin Igabi galibinsu Musulmi ne in ban da [[Gbagyi]] wadanda ba Musulmi ba ne ko kuma masu bin addinin gargajiya kuma daga baya suka karbi addinin Kiristanci.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Onyeakagbu |first=Adaobi |date=2022-02-02 |title=About Gbagyi people, the real owners of Abuja |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/gbagyi-people-about-the-real-owners-of-abuja/wpje9px |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en |archive-date=2023-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515101338/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/gbagyi-people-about-the-real-owners-of-abuja/wpje9px |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2021}} === Wards ===   * Afaka * Birnin Yero * Gadan Gayan * Gwaraji * unguwar Igabi * Kerawa * Kwarau * Rigachikun * Rigasa * Sabon Birni * Jaji * Turunku * Zangon Aya Akwai makarantun firamare da sakandare da manyan makarantu a garin Igabi. An kafa makarantar firamare ta farko ta Igabi a shekarar 1945 a Rigachikun. Kwamandan Sojoji da Kwalejin Ma’aikata ita ce cibiyar horar da sojoji da aka kafa a watan Mayun 1976, haka nan kuma Bataliya ta Muzaharar, Makarantar Makarantu ta Sojojin tana Jaji. Kwalejin Tulip International ta Najeriya (NTIC) wacce a da ta ''Najeriya Turkanci'' tana Rigachikun.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kaduna centre, Igabi LG students union organise debate competition for students {{!}} NOUN |url=https://nou.edu.ng/kaduna-centre-igabi-lg-students-union-organise-debate-competition-for-students/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=nou.edu.ng}}</ref> == Tattalin Arziki == Tattalin arzikin Igabi ya dogara ne kan noma kuma ya sa ya zama daya daga cikin manyan masu bayar da gudummawar kayayyakin cikin gida a jihar, inda aka samu jimlar kusan $10m. Igabi yana ba da gudummawar tattalin arziki ga jihar Kaduna wajen noman masara da yawa. Haka kuma samar da abinci don cin dabbobi wannan ya haifar da ci gaban zamantakewa - tattalin arziki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Politics Of Polio In Northern Nigeria [PDF] [1db12db3dn4g] |url=https://vdoc.pub/documents/the-politics-of-polio-in-northern-nigeria-1db12db3dn4g |access-date=2023-05-17 |website=vdoc.pub |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Olugbenga Omotayo ALABI |first=Ibraheem ABDULAZEEZ |date=2018 |title=Economics of Maize (Zea mays) Production In Igabi Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Nigeria |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/2115419 |journal=Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University |volume=35 |issue=3 |pages=248-257}}</ref>{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2021}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 1ivlie9y89l57dqovgfyjtn37u6ggoe 0 10416 550436 507957 2024-12-02T11:54:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Nigerian Public Domain Files 46.jpg|thumb|Iya Abubakar]] '''Iya Abubakar''' (An haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Disamba, shekarar alif ɗari tara da talatin da huɗu 1934) ya kasance [[Dan Nijeriya]] ne, [[Dan'siyasa|Dan siyasa]] kuma kwararren malamin [[lissafi]], [[farfesa]] me mafi karanci shekarun da aka yi. Kuma yana cikin tsofaffin shugabannin jami'ar [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|ABU Zaria]], ya kuma riƙe mukaman gwamnati da dama ([[Ministan Tsaro na Nijeriya|Ministan tsaron Nijeriya]] da [[Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida (Nijeriya)|Ministan Harkokin cikin gida]]) lokacin [[Tarayyar Nijeriya ta Biyu]], ya kuma zama Senata mai wakiltar [[Adamawa]] ta Arewa daga watan Mayu, shekarar alif 1999, zuwa watan Mayun shekarar 2007.<ref>https://dailytrust.com/senator-iya-abubakar-at-84</ref><ref name=":0">Cite web|url=http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2015/11/biography-of-iya-abubakar.html|title=Biography{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} of Iya Abubakar|website=www.nigerianbiography.com|access-date=2017-10-20</ref> ==Haihuwa da Aikin Karatu== An haife Abubakar a Ranar 14 ga watan Disamban shekarar 1934. Yayi karatu a [[Kwalejin Barewa]], [[Jami'ar Kwalejin Ibadan]] (wanda tazama ayanzu [[Jami'ar Ibadan]]) ya samu yin [[Ph.D]] a [[Jami'ar Cambridge]]. Yayi aiki amatsayin ferfesa mai kai kawo a [[Jami'ar Michigan]] daga shekarar 1965 zuwa shekarar 1966, sannan aka naɗa shi farfesan lissafi a [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] yana da shekara 28, a shekarar 1967.<ref>Cite web |url=http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/PEEPS/abubakar_iya.html |title=Iya Abubakar |work=Mathematicians of the African Diaspora |accessdate=2010-06-23</ref> Ya riƙe matsayin har shekarar 1975, da kuma farfesa mai kai kawo a [[City University of New York]] daga shekarar 1971 zuwa shekarar 1972. A shekarar 1975, an naɗa shi Vice-Chancellor na jami'ar [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|Ahmadu Bello]], mukamin ne ya riƙe har shekarar 1978. Abubakar yazama darekta a [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya]] daga shekarar 1972 zuwa shekarar 1975.<ref name=whoswho>Cite book |title=Who's Who 2006 |publisher=Bloomsbury USA |year=2006 |isbn=1-59691-218-9</ref><ref name=":0" /> ==Siyasa== Bayan karewar mulkin Lt-Gen. [[Olusẹgun Ọbasanjọ]] bayan ya mika mulki ga zaɓaɓɓen shugaban ƙasa na dimokradiyya a shekarar 1979, an naɗa Abubakar Ministan Tsaro na Tarayyar, inda yarike mukamin har shekarar 1982. Daga shekarar 1993 zuwa shekarar 2005, shine Pro-Chancellor kuma Chairman na Majalisar [[Jami'ar Ibadan]]. A karshen shekara ta 1990, ya rike mukamin darekta na National Mathematical Centre dake [[Abuja]] da kuma rike National Manpower Commission of Nigeria dana non-governmental Africa International Foundation for Science and Technology.<ref name=whoswho/><ref name=":0" /> Abubakar Iya yazama sanata mai wakiltar Adamawa ta Arewa a [[Jihar Adamawa]], [[Nigeria]] a farkon dawowar [[Nigerian Fourth Republic]], yanema a karkashin jam'iyyar [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP). Ya shiga ofis a ranar 29 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 1999.<ref>cite web |url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt |title=FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA LEGISLATIVE ELECTION OF 20 FEBRUARY AND 7 MARCH 1999 |work=Psephos |accessdate=2010-06-23</ref> An sake zaɓen sa a watan Afrilu shekara ta 2003.<ref>cite web |url=http://www.dawodu.com/senator.htm |title=Senators |work=Dawodu |accessdate=2010-06-23</ref> Bayan samun nasarar sa zuwa majalisar dattawa a watan Yuni shekarar 1999 an bashi rikon mukamai na kwamiti akan Public Accounts, da Banking & Currency (chairman), da Commerce and Finance & Approprition.<ref>Cite web |url=http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm |title=Congressional Committees |publisher=Nigeria Congress |accessdate=2010-06-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091118151316/http://www.nigeriacongress.org/assembly/committees1.htm |archivedate=2009-11-18 |df= </ref> Abubakar ya kuma rike shugaban kwamiti na Finance and Appropriation<ref>citation|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200304160468.html|title=Nigeria{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}: Iya Abubakar Predicts Boom for Adamawa|newspaper=Daily Trust|first=Tashikalmah|last=Hallah|date=April 16, 2003.</ref> da kwamiti na Science and Technology.<ref>citation|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200309100548.html|title=Nigeria{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}: Senate to Sign IT Policy Bill Soon - Prof. Abubakar|newspaper=Daily Trust|first=Hassan|last=Idris|date=September 10, 2003.</ref><ref name=":0" />. == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Abubakar, Iya}} [[Category:Yan'siyasan Najeriya]]. n503rzcm1khxr7jdr9hm8h9d59amk7q 0 11480 549896 469686 2024-12-01T23:27:44Z Afifa Afrin 32552 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:N734AR 05122015LHR (23486115042).jpg]] → [[File:N734AR, Boeing 777-300ER of American Airlines at London Heathrow Airport, 05 12 2015 LHR (23486115042).jpg]] better name 549896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Air India Heathrow lounge.JPG|thumb]] [[File:London - Heathrow (LHR - EGLL) AN1572653.jpg|thumb]] [[File:LONDON HEATHROW MAY 1994 TAROM AIRBUS A310 YR-LCC.jpg|thumb]] [[File:G-DBCH British Airways A319 on a remote stand at LHR with control tower in background.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Airbus A320-232 G-EUYG British Airways. (5871773125).jpg|thumb]] [[File:N734AR, Boeing 777-300ER of American Airlines at London Heathrow Airport, 05 12 2015 LHR (23486115042).jpg|left|thumb|80x80px]] '''Filin jirgin saman Landan-Heathrow,''' [[filin jirgin sama]] ne dake a [[Landan]], babban birnin ƙasar [[Birtaniya]]<ref name="Heathrow">{{cite web | url = http://www.heathrowairport.com/about-us/company-news-and-information/company-information/facts-and-figures | title = Facts and figures | publisher = heathrow.com | accessdate = 4 September 2019 | archive-date = 15 October 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121015011346/http://www.heathrowairport.com/about-us/facts-and-figures | url-status = dead }}</ref>. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Landan Heathrow}} [[Category:Filayen jirgin sama a Birtaniya]] c07ga9hnw6ode5wungr8juw69dh4lfk 0 12068 549872 444952 2024-12-01T22:29:58Z Wikiabdull 29964 Nayi gyara 549872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Image:20160605_0400_Bangweulu_Bec-ouvert_africain.jpg|thumb|right|260px|Cimakankari a ƙasar [[Zambiya]].]] [[File:Asian openbill stork (Anastomus oscitans).jpg|thumb|cimakankari]] [[File:Asian openbill (Anastomus oscitans).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Asian openbill stork 04.jpg|thumb|cimakankari suntashi]] [[File:Asian Openbill Anastomus oscitans Heronry Navegaon Maharashtra (2).jpg|thumb|cimakankari a bishiya]] '''Cimakankari'''<ref>Roger Blench, "Hausa bird names", rogerblench.info.</ref> (''Anastomus lamelligerus'') tsuntsu cikin tsuntsayen jeji mai dogon baki. {{Stub}} == Manazarta == <references/> {{DEFAULTSORT:Cimakankari}} [[Category:Tsuntsu]] hqpdxchbvteqtbqo4se072nk0851up0 0 12204 549503 448806 2024-12-01T15:59:03Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:أبو هريرة عبد الرحمن بن صخر الدوسي.png|thumb|Abu Hurairah]] '''Abu hurairah''' (Larabci: عبد الرحمن بن صخر الدوسي‎‎; 602–679),Abulrahman dan sakar Aldausi, amman amfi sanin shi da Abu Hurairah, ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan sahabban [[Annabi]] [[Muhammad]] S.A.W, kuma shine sahabin da yafi kowa yawan haddace hadisan [[Annabi]], Hurairah sunan mage ne da'ake kiran shi da ita, saboda saban da yayi da mage. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Sahabbai]] juyft1xlx10gozxtoi7ryxtwrv68wia 0 12251 549507 509281 2024-12-01T16:04:05Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Gouré centre 02.jpg|thumb|Gure (gari)]] {{databox}} [[File:Siempre en Nuestra Memoria - Gure Gogoan Betiko (9).jpg|thumb|hton wani wuri a gure]] [[Fayil:Gouré centre 01.jpg|thumb|gure (gari)]] '''Gure,''' (ko '''Goure''' ko '''Gouré''') gari ne, da ke a [[yankin Zinder]], a [[Ƙasar Islama|ƙasar]] [[Nijar]]. Bisa ga ƙidayar [[Jama'are|jama'a]] a shekarar 2011, jimilar mutane 68 148 ne. [[File:Sur_les_montagnes.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Sur les montagnes]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Gure}} [[Category:Garuruwan Nijar]] qgj4btge19dja5fcjz2gt6uh33jdn6f 0 12724 549550 271017 2024-12-01T17:20:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549550 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Sanata Abdullahi Abubakar Gumel''' ɗan siyasar [[Najeriya]] ne kuma ɗan majalisa a majalissar ƙasa ta 8 daga jihar [[Jigawa]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nass.gov.ng/mp/profile/944 |title=National Assembly &#124; Federal Republic of Nigeria |publisher=Nass.gov.ng |date= |accessdate=2020-01-08}}</ref><ref>http://www.politiciansdata.com/content/abdullahi-abubakar-gumel/</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Full list of Senate committee chairmen, vice chairmen |url=http://scannewsnigeria.com/news/full-list-of-senate-committee-chairmen-vice-chairmen/ |title=Full list of Senate committee chairmen, vice chairmen – ScanNews Nigeria |publisher=Scannewsnigeria.com |date=2015-11-04 |accessdate=2020-01-08 |archive-date=2019-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903214840/http://scannewsnigeria.com/news/full-list-of-senate-committee-chairmen-vice-chairmen/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya wakilci Mazaɓar Sanata ta Arewa ta Yamma. A majalisar dattijai, shi ne Shugaban kwamitin Majalisar Dattawa kan Jihohi da Ƙananan hukumomi. An haifi Abdullahi Abubakar Gumel a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 1949 kuma shi ɗan asalin garin [[Maigatari]] ne na jihar Jigawa. Yana da digiri na biyu a fannin siyasa da gudanarwa daga [[Jami'ar Bayero]] Kano, dake a [[jihar Kano]]. Amma kafin hakan, ya halarci Kwalejin Kimiyya da fasaha ta Kaduna, Jihar [[Kaduna]] inda ya sami Digirin Digirgir na kasa a Accountancy kafin ya ci gaba zuwa Jami’ar Bayero Kano, inda ya samu ci gaban difloma a cikin Jami’ar da kuma Digirin Digiri na biyu a Manufofin Jama’a da Gudanarwa. Abdullahi Gumel ya yi aiki a fannoni daban-daban. Ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban Makarantar Firamare ta Gumel Gabas Primary School Gumel, Jihar Jigawa (1969-1971), Stenographer a Harkokin Cikin Gida na Jihar Kano, Jihar Kano (1972), Babban Sakatare a Hukumar Kula da Gidan Talabijin ta Najeriya NTA Kano, Jihar (1976-1979), Chief Akawu a Jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria (NPN) National hedkwatar, Legas (1979-1983) kuma memba a Hukumar Gudanar da Ingancin Najeriya (1980-1983), Hukumar Asiri da Canjin Najeriya (1983) da Kwamitin Wasannin Wasanni na Jihar Kano (1980-1983).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2016/03/biography-of-abdullahi-abubakar-gumel.html |title=HugeDomains.com - NigerianBiography.com is for sale |publisher=Nigerian Biography |date= |accessdate=2020-01-08 |archive-date=2018-01-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113035606/http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2016/03/biography-of-abdullahi-abubakar-gumel.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Manazarta== <references/> {{DEFAULTSORT:Gumel, Abdullahi Abubakar}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1940]] [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Hausawa]] soq6jwl6lfsz8ae15q9wq33fk6beyar 0 12725 549433 475877 2024-12-01T13:10:21Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya'''{{Audio|Ha-Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya.ogg|Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya}} (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Yunin shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da biyu(1952 ) miladiyya. dan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma masanin gine-gine wanda aka zaɓa a majalisar dattijan Najeriya a shekara ta 2007, wanda ya wakilci mazabar Kano ta Kudu a [[jihar Kano]] a karkashin jam'iyyar [[All Progressive Congress]] (APC). An zaɓi Kabiru Gaya mataimakin shugaban kungiyar 'yan majalisar tarayya (IPU) na Afirka a babban taron kungiyar karo na 135 a Geneva, Switzerland a Oktoba 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.kabirugaya |title=National Assembly &#124; Federal Republic of Nigeria |publisher=Nassnig.org |date= |accessdate=2020-01-07}}</ref> Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Gaya daga shekara ta alif 1961 zuwa-1964 da Tsangaya Primary School inda ya gama makarantar firamari a shekarar 1968 babban dan uwansa a lokacin shi ne Shugaban Makarantar sannan kuma [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]] shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban makarantar wanda ya koyar da shi Lissafi a makarantar firamare. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati ta [[Birnin Kudu]] daga shekarar 1969 zuwa 1973 inda ya samu takardar shaidar Makarantar Afirka ta Yamma (WAEC) da Kwalejin Ilimin Kimiyya daga 1974-1975 inda ya sami IJMB. Ya sami digiri a fannin Gine-ginen daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] a 1977<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200301130693.html</ref> An zabi Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya a majalisar dattijan Kano ta Kudu a 2007. An kuma naɗa shi a kwamitocin kan gas, Gidaje da na kasashen waje, Jihohi & Kananan hukumomi, da Albarkatun Man Fetur da Ayyuka.<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?page=3</ref> ==Manazarta== <references/>  {{Gwamnonin Jihar Kano}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gaya, Kabiru Ibrahim}} [[Category:Yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] l7j4eup7kce6yvngn23eo8nagezya82 549434 549433 2024-12-01T13:10:32Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya'''{{Audio|Ha-Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya.ogg|Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya}} (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Yunin shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da biyu(1952 ) miladiyya. dan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma masanin gine-gine wanda aka zaɓa a majalisar dattijan Najeriya a shekara ta 2007, wanda ya wakilci mazaɓar Kano ta Kudu a [[jihar Kano]] a karkashin jam'iyyar [[All Progressive Congress]] (APC). An zaɓi Kabiru Gaya mataimakin shugaban kungiyar 'yan majalisar tarayya (IPU) na Afirka a babban taron kungiyar karo na 135 a Geneva, Switzerland a Oktoba 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.kabirugaya |title=National Assembly &#124; Federal Republic of Nigeria |publisher=Nassnig.org |date= |accessdate=2020-01-07}}</ref> Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Gaya daga shekara ta alif 1961 zuwa-1964 da Tsangaya Primary School inda ya gama makarantar firamari a shekarar 1968 babban dan uwansa a lokacin shi ne Shugaban Makarantar sannan kuma [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]] shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban makarantar wanda ya koyar da shi Lissafi a makarantar firamare. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati ta [[Birnin Kudu]] daga shekarar 1969 zuwa 1973 inda ya samu takardar shaidar Makarantar Afirka ta Yamma (WAEC) da Kwalejin Ilimin Kimiyya daga 1974-1975 inda ya sami IJMB. Ya sami digiri a fannin Gine-ginen daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] a 1977<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200301130693.html</ref> An zabi Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya a majalisar dattijan Kano ta Kudu a 2007. An kuma naɗa shi a kwamitocin kan gas, Gidaje da na kasashen waje, Jihohi & Kananan hukumomi, da Albarkatun Man Fetur da Ayyuka.<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?page=3</ref> ==Manazarta== <references/>  {{Gwamnonin Jihar Kano}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gaya, Kabiru Ibrahim}} [[Category:Yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] 4gbb1euvzu6z2xgm55hzohr2nwqo99c 549435 549434 2024-12-01T13:10:44Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya'''{{Audio|Ha-Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya.ogg|Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya}} (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Yunin shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da biyu(1952 ) miladiyya. dan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma masanin gine-gine wanda aka zaɓa a majalisar dattijan Najeriya a shekara ta 2007, wanda ya wakilci mazaɓar Kano ta Kudu a [[jihar Kano]] a karkashin jam'iyyar [[All Progressive Congress]] (APC). An zaɓi Kabiru Gaya mataimakin shugaban kungiyar 'yan majalisar tarayya (IPU) na Afirka a babban taron ƙungiyar karo na 135 a Geneva, Switzerland a Oktoba 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.kabirugaya |title=National Assembly &#124; Federal Republic of Nigeria |publisher=Nassnig.org |date= |accessdate=2020-01-07}}</ref> Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Gaya daga shekara ta alif 1961 zuwa-1964 da Tsangaya Primary School inda ya gama makarantar firamari a shekarar 1968 babban dan uwansa a lokacin shi ne Shugaban Makarantar sannan kuma [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]] shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban makarantar wanda ya koyar da shi Lissafi a makarantar firamare. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati ta [[Birnin Kudu]] daga shekarar 1969 zuwa 1973 inda ya samu takardar shaidar Makarantar Afirka ta Yamma (WAEC) da Kwalejin Ilimin Kimiyya daga 1974-1975 inda ya sami IJMB. Ya sami digiri a fannin Gine-ginen daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] a 1977<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200301130693.html</ref> An zabi Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya a majalisar dattijan Kano ta Kudu a 2007. An kuma naɗa shi a kwamitocin kan gas, Gidaje da na kasashen waje, Jihohi & Kananan hukumomi, da Albarkatun Man Fetur da Ayyuka.<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?page=3</ref> ==Manazarta== <references/>  {{Gwamnonin Jihar Kano}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gaya, Kabiru Ibrahim}} [[Category:Yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] 1zwzdxucewj2655tresytq6qigi7ib1 549436 549435 2024-12-01T13:10:53Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya'''{{Audio|Ha-Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya.ogg|Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya}} (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Yunin shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da biyu(1952 ) miladiyya. dan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma masanin gine-gine wanda aka zaɓa a majalisar dattijan Najeriya a shekara ta 2007, wanda ya wakilci mazaɓar Kano ta Kudu a [[jihar Kano]] a karkashin jam'iyyar [[All Progressive Congress]] (APC). An zaɓi Kabiru Gaya mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar 'yan majalisar tarayya (IPU) na Afirka a babban taron ƙungiyar karo na 135 a Geneva, Switzerland a Oktoba 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.kabirugaya |title=National Assembly &#124; Federal Republic of Nigeria |publisher=Nassnig.org |date= |accessdate=2020-01-07}}</ref> Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Gaya daga shekara ta alif 1961 zuwa-1964 da Tsangaya Primary School inda ya gama makarantar firamari a shekarar 1968 babban dan uwansa a lokacin shi ne Shugaban Makarantar sannan kuma [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]] shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban makarantar wanda ya koyar da shi Lissafi a makarantar firamare. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati ta [[Birnin Kudu]] daga shekarar 1969 zuwa 1973 inda ya samu takardar shaidar Makarantar Afirka ta Yamma (WAEC) da Kwalejin Ilimin Kimiyya daga 1974-1975 inda ya sami IJMB. Ya sami digiri a fannin Gine-ginen daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] a 1977<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200301130693.html</ref> An zabi Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya a majalisar dattijan Kano ta Kudu a 2007. An kuma naɗa shi a kwamitocin kan gas, Gidaje da na kasashen waje, Jihohi & Kananan hukumomi, da Albarkatun Man Fetur da Ayyuka.<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?page=3</ref> ==Manazarta== <references/>  {{Gwamnonin Jihar Kano}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gaya, Kabiru Ibrahim}} [[Category:Yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] r68frbj981qc3k1qmv6hz8x4hagcjzf 549437 549436 2024-12-01T13:11:09Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya'''{{Audio|Ha-Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya.ogg|Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya}} (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Yunin shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da biyu(1952 ) miladiyya. dan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma masanin gine-gine wanda aka zaɓa a majalisar dattijan Najeriya a shekara ta 2007, wanda ya wakilci mazaɓar Kano ta Kudu a [[jihar Kano]] a karkashin jam'iyyar [[All Progressive Congress]] (APC). An zaɓi Kabiru Gaya mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar 'yan majalisar tarayya (IPU) na Afirka a babban taron ƙungiyar karo na 135 a Geneva, Switzerland a Oktoba 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.kabirugaya |title=National Assembly &#124; Federal Republic of Nigeria |publisher=Nassnig.org |date= |accessdate=2020-01-07}}</ref> Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Gaya daga shekara ta alif 1961 zuwa-1964 da Tsangaya Primary School inda ya gama makarantar firamari a shekarar 1968 babban dan uwansa a lokacin shi ne Shugaban Makarantar sannan kuma [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]] shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban makarantar wanda ya koyar da shi Lissafi a makarantar firamare. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati ta [[Birnin Kudu]] daga shekarar 1969 zuwa 1973 inda ya samu takardar shaidar Makarantar Afirka ta Yamma (WAEC) da Kwalejin Ilimin Kimiyya daga 1974-1975 inda ya sami IJMB. Ya sami digiri a fannin Gine-ginen daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] a 1977<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200301130693.html</ref> An zaɓi Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya a majalisar dattijan Kano ta Kudu a 2007. An kuma naɗa shi a kwamitocin kan gas, Gidaje da na kasashen waje, Jihohi & Kananan hukumomi, da Albarkatun Man Fetur da Ayyuka.<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?page=3</ref> ==Manazarta== <references/>  {{Gwamnonin Jihar Kano}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gaya, Kabiru Ibrahim}} [[Category:Yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] rywv40zum9r2natvnh82fypatcb9f3t 549438 549437 2024-12-01T13:11:18Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya'''{{Audio|Ha-Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya.ogg|Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya}} (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Yunin shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da biyu(1952 ) miladiyya. dan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma masanin gine-gine wanda aka zaɓa a majalisar dattijan Najeriya a shekara ta 2007, wanda ya wakilci mazaɓar Kano ta Kudu a [[jihar Kano]] a karkashin jam'iyyar [[All Progressive Congress]] (APC). An zaɓi Kabiru Gaya mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar 'yan majalisar tarayya (IPU) na Afirka a babban taron ƙungiyar karo na 135 a Geneva, Switzerland a Oktoba 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.kabirugaya |title=National Assembly &#124; Federal Republic of Nigeria |publisher=Nassnig.org |date= |accessdate=2020-01-07}}</ref> Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Gaya daga shekara ta alif 1961 zuwa-1964 da Tsangaya Primary School inda ya gama makarantar firamari a shekarar 1968 babban dan uwansa a lokacin shi ne Shugaban Makarantar sannan kuma [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]] shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban makarantar wanda ya koyar da shi Lissafi a makarantar firamare. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati ta [[Birnin Kudu]] daga shekarar 1969 zuwa 1973 inda ya samu takardar shaidar Makarantar Afirka ta Yamma (WAEC) da Kwalejin Ilimin Kimiyya daga 1974-1975 inda ya sami IJMB. Ya sami digiri a fannin Gine-ginen daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] a 1977<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200301130693.html</ref> An zaɓi Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya a majalisar dattijan Kano ta Kudu a 2007. An kuma naɗa shi a kwamitocin kan gas, Gidaje da na ƙasashen waje, Jihohi & Kananan hukumomi, da Albarkatun Man Fetur da Ayyuka.<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?page=3</ref> ==Manazarta== <references/>  {{Gwamnonin Jihar Kano}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gaya, Kabiru Ibrahim}} [[Category:Yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] laqwcpk07dx5o3m0jmx5lnt9faxhrqd 549439 549438 2024-12-01T13:11:29Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya'''{{Audio|Ha-Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya.ogg|Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya}} (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Yunin shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da biyu(1952 ) miladiyya. dan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma masanin gine-gine wanda aka zaɓa a majalisar dattijan Najeriya a shekara ta 2007, wanda ya wakilci mazaɓar Kano ta Kudu a [[jihar Kano]] a karkashin jam'iyyar [[All Progressive Congress]] (APC). An zaɓi Kabiru Gaya mataimakin shugaban ƙungiyar 'yan majalisar tarayya (IPU) na Afirka a babban taron ƙungiyar karo na 135 a Geneva, Switzerland a Oktoba 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/nass/portfolio/profile.php?id=sen.kabirugaya |title=National Assembly &#124; Federal Republic of Nigeria |publisher=Nassnig.org |date= |accessdate=2020-01-07}}</ref> Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Gaya daga shekara ta alif 1961 zuwa-1964 da Tsangaya Primary School inda ya gama makarantar firamari a shekarar 1968 babban dan uwansa a lokacin shi ne Shugaban Makarantar sannan kuma [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]] shi ne Mataimakin Shugaban makarantar wanda ya koyar da shi Lissafi a makarantar firamare. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati ta [[Birnin Kudu]] daga shekarar 1969 zuwa 1973 inda ya samu takardar shaidar Makarantar Afirka ta Yamma (WAEC) da Kwalejin Ilimin Kimiyya daga 1974-1975 inda ya sami IJMB. Ya sami digiri a fannin Gine-ginen daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] a 1977<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200301130693.html</ref> An zaɓi Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya a majalisar dattijan Kano ta Kudu a 2007. An kuma naɗa shi a kwamitocin kan gas, Gidaje da na ƙasashen waje, Jihohi & Ƙananan hukumomi, da Albarkatun Man Fetur da Ayyuka.<ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200905250350.html?page=3</ref> ==Manazarta== <references/>  {{Gwamnonin Jihar Kano}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gaya, Kabiru Ibrahim}} [[Category:Yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] hkarg8jnmu7m89uexmcbizonftdhh7b 0 13326 549878 170171 2024-12-01T22:48:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Farkon samun bullar ibtala'in '''annobar cutar COVID-19 ko [[Koronavirus 2019]] a [[Najeriya]]''' ya bulla ne a [[Lagos|Jahar Lagos]] ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairu 2020, lokacin da wani dan kasar [[Italiya]] ya shiga kasar dauke da cutar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ncdc.gov.ng/news/227/first-case-of-corona-virus-disease-confirmed-in-nigeria|title=FIRST CASE OF CORONA VIRUS DISEASE CONFIRMED IN NIGERIA|date=28 February 2020|publisher=[[Nigeria Centre for Disease Control]]|access-date=10 March 2020|archive-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302150128/https://ncdc.gov.ng/news/227/first-case-of-corona-virus-disease-confirmed-in-nigeria|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/28/world/africa/nigeria-coronavirus.html|title=Nigeria Responds to First Coronavirus Case in Sub-Saharan Africa|date=28 February 2020|last1=Maclean|first1=Ruth|last2=Dahir|first2=Abdi Latif|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref> A ranar 9 ga watan Maris shekara ta 2020, aka samu labarin bullar annobar a karo na biyu a kasar ta Najeriya a [[Ogun|Jahar Ogun]], Inda aka samu wani dan Najeriya wanda yayi mu'amala da dan kasar Italiya mai dauke da cutar shima ya kamu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/03/09/breaking-nigeria-records-second-case-of-coronavirus|title=Nigeria records second case of Coronavirus|date=9 March 2020|website=[[P.M. News]]|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref> ==Shimfida== [[File:COVID-19 cases in the Lagos Metropolitan Area.jpg|thumb|Taswirar Jahar Lagos inda annobar tafi shafa, wannan taswira ce ta ranar 7/5/2020]] A ranar 28 ga watan Janairu shekara ta 2020, ne Najeriya ta aiyana tsagaita zirga-zirga a wasu filayen jirgin sama na kasar duka dai domin ganin an dakile yaduwar annobar ta COVID-19 a fadin kasar. Tashoshin Jiragen saman Kano, Inugu, Lagos, Ribas da [[Abuja|Babban birnin taraiya]] ne gwamnagin ta sanar da rufe su.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/374865-coronavirus-nigeria-strengthens-surveillance-at-five-international-airports.html|title=Coronavirus: Nigeria 'strengthens' surveillance at five international airports|publisher=[[Premium Times]]|date=29 January 2020|accessdate=10 March 2020}}</ref> Hukumar dake kula da yaduwar annoba ta kasar ta sanar da shirinta na tunkarar annobar COVID-19 a kasar.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://dailypost.ng/2020/01/28/coronavirus-nigeria-announces-preventive-measures-releases-numbers|title=Coronavirus: Nigeria announces preventive measures, releases numbers|publisher=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post Nigeria]]|last=Odunsi|first=Wale|date=28 January 2020|accessdate=10 March 2020}}</ref> A ranar 31 ga watan Janairu shekara ta 2020 ne gwamnatin ta shirya rukuni na masana domin shirya yadda za'a dakile bazuwar cutar a kasar. Hakan kuwa nazuwa ne tuntun bayan ganin yadda annobar ta [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]] ke kara mamaye birane ka kasar [[Sin]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/01/31/fg-sets-up-coronavirus-preparedness-group|title=FG Sets up Coronavirus Preparedness Group|last=Ifijeh|first=Martins|publisher=[[This Day|This Day Newspaper]]|date=31 January 2020|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.msn.com/en-xl/africa/nigeria/steps-nigeria-is-taking-to-prepare-for-coronavirus/ar-BBZqjKe|title=Steps Nigeria is taking to prepare for coronavirus|date=29 January 2020|access-date=10 March 2020|website=[[MSN]]}}</ref> A wannan ranar dai Hukumar lafiya ta duniya ta lisafta Najeriya cikin jerin kasashen [[Afrika]] 13 da ibtala'in ka iya afkawa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/02/01/coronavirus-spread-who-lists-nigeria-among-high-risk-countries|title=Coronavirus Spread: WHO Lists Nigeria Among High Risk Countries|last1=Ezigbo|first1=Onyebuchi|last2=Ifijeh|first2=Martins|publisher=[[This Day|This Day Newspaper]]|date=1 February 2020|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref> A ranar 26 ga watan Fabarairu shekara ta 2020, wani dan kasar Sin ya kai kansa wajen gwamnatin jihar Lagos domin ta dubashi koda yana dauke da cutar, inda aka kaishi asibitin ''Reddington'' kuma aka sallame shi bayan kwana daya, bayan sakamakon gwaji ya tabbatar baya dauke da cutar.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/breaking-coronavirus-scare-in-lagos-govt-announces-test-result-on-chinese-citizen|title=BREAKING: Coronavirus scare in Lagos, govt announces test result on Chinese citizen|publisher=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|last=Gesinde|first=Seyi|date=27 February 2020|accessdate=10 March 2020}}</ref> ==Kididdiga== Ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 2020 aka samu bullar cutar karon farko a Najeriya, lokacin da wani dan kasar [[Italiya]] ya baro birnin [[Milan]] ya sauka a filin jirgin sama na Murtala Muhammed, dake Lagos.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ncdc.gov.ng/news/227/first-case-of-corona-virus-disease-confirmed-in-nigeria |title=Nigeria Centre for Disease Control |website=ncdc.gov.ng |access-date=8 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302150128/https://ncdc.gov.ng/news/227/first-case-of-corona-virus-disease-confirmed-in-nigeria |archive-date=2 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-51671834 |title=Nigeria confirms first coronavirus case |date=28 February 2020 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |access-date=8 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302181240/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-51671834 |archive-date=2 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ConfirmedNigeria">{{cite web|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/02/28/breaking-deadly-coronavirus-confirmed-in-lagos-nigeria-at-last/|title=Breaking: Deadly Coronavirus confirmed in Lagos, Nigeria at last|date=25 February 2020|access-date=28 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228011403/https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/02/28/breaking-deadly-coronavirus-confirmed-in-lagos-nigeria-at-last/|archive-date=28 February 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/02/28/breaking-deadly-coronavirus-confirmed-in-lagos-nigeria-at-last|title=Breaking: Deadly Coronavirus confirmed in Lagos Nigeria at last|last=Ugbodaga|first=Kazeem|date=28 February 2020|website=[[P.M. News]]|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/nigeria-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus/1748081|title=Nigeria confirms first case of coronavirus|last=Tih|first=Felix|date=28 February 2020|website=[[Anadolu Agency]]|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref> A ranar 9 gaga watan garin shekara ta 2020, aka samu bayanin bullar annobar karo na biyu a garin Ewekoro na [[Ogun|Jahar Ogun]], wanda shima yayi huldahulda da dankasar Italiya mai dauke da cutar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2020/03/09/breaking-nigeria-confirms-second-case-of-coronavirus|title=Nigeria Confirms Second Case Of Coronavirus|publisher=[[Channels TV]]|date=9 March 2020|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/health/health-news/380886-updated-coronavirus-second-case-confirmed-in-nigeria.html|last=Owoseye|first=Ayodamola|title=UPDATED: Coronavirus: Second case confirmed in Nigeria|publisher=[[Premium Times]]|date=9 March 2020|accessdate=10 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/dont-panic-says-govt-as-nigeria-gets-second-coronavirus-case|title=Don't panic, says govt as Nigeria gets second coronavirus case|publisher=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation Newspaper]]|date=10 March 2020|access-date=10 March 2020}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga watan Mari shekara ta 2020, ne Najeriya ta fitar da sanarwar wanda aka samu na biyu dauke da cutar bashi da ita bayan anyi masa gwaje gwaje.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://punchng.com/breaking-nigerian-who-tested-postive-for-coronavirus-now-negative|title=UPDATED: Nigerian who tested positive for coronavirus now negative|last=Atoyebi|first=Olufemi|date=13 March 2020|accessdate=13 March 2020|publisher=[[The Punch|The Punch Newspaper]]}}</ref> Ranar 17 ga watan Maris shekara ta 2020, gwamnatin jihar Lagos ta fitar da rahoton tabbacin samun mutum na uku dauke da cutar. Wata mata ce yar shekara 30 wadda ta dawo daga kasar [[Birtaniya]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng/breaking-third-coronavirus-case-confirmed-in-lagos|title=Third coronavirus case confirmed in Nigeria|last=Olatunji|first=Haleem|date=17 March 2020|publisher=[[TheCable]]|access-date=17 March 2020}}</ref> Ranar 18 ga watan Maris shekara ta 2020, Najeriya ta kara tabbatar da samun Karin mutum biyar dauke da cutar. Ranar 23 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 2020 ne Hukumar da ke hana yaduwar cutuka ta Najeriya NCDC ta ce mutum daya daga cikin mutum 35 da suka kamu da cutar Coronavirus ya mutu. A shafinta na Twitter, hukumar ta ce mutumin mai shekara 67 ya koma Najeriya daga kasar Burtaniya. NCDC ta kara da cewa da ma marigayin yana fama da cutar suga da daji inda ake yi masa gashi a asibiti.<ref>https/www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-51999825?iorg_service_id_internal=624173547714020%3BAfp6jJ_X84Vs5_nf</ref> An fara gano cutar korona a Najeriya ne a jikin wani baturen kasar Italiya ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairu bayan ya shiga kasar ta filin jirgin sama na Murtala Mohammed da ke Legas. Shi da mutum na farko da ya kamu da cutar ranar 20 ga watan Maris a arewacin Najeriya, Mohammed Atiku duk sun warke kuma an sallame su daga asibiti. A ranar Juma'a 17 ga watan Afrilu ne cutar korona ta yi sanadin mutuwar Malam Abba Kyari, shugaban ma'aikatan fadar shugaban Najeriya. Shi ne mutum mafi girman mukami da ya mutu dalilin korona a kasar. Gwamnoni irinsu Bala Mohammed da Nasir El-rufa'i da kuma Seyi Makinde na jihar Oyo duk sun kamu da annobar kafin su warke daga bisani. Har yazuwa ranar Alhamis 27 ga watan Mayu shekara ta 2020, a hukumance ba a samu bullar cutar a jihohin Kogi da Cross river ba, amma wasu na da ra'ayin cewa hakan ta faru ne saboda ba a gwajin cutar a cikin johohin biyu. Hukumomin Najeriya dai sun ce sun rubanya adadin gwaje-gwajen da suke yi a kasar, inda a yanzu suka ce akan yi gwaji kimanin dubu guda cikin sa'a 24. == Duba == * [[Koronavirus 2019]] * [[Koronavirus a Nijar]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} n6bd3ey4rzcyty2sr9ubmr5u36deavd 0 13489 549519 490008 2024-12-01T16:21:51Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Nanyang1.png|thumb|right|250px|Nanyang.]] [[Fayil:Nanyang1.png|thumb|Nanyang]] '''Nanyang''' (lafazi : /nanyang/) birni ne, da ke a tsakiyar ƙasar [[Sin]]. Nanyang yana da yawan jama'a 2,000,000, bisa ga jimillar 2017. An gina birnin Nanyang kafin karni na biyar kafin haifuwan annabi Issa. Babban filin wasa na Nanyang Sports Center 35,000 shine babban wurin (kwallon kafa) a cikin birnin. == Sunaye == [[File:NanyangWangfuGarden.JPG|200px|right|thumbnail|Lambun Wangfu, Nanyang]] A cikin sunan "Nanyang" ( simplified Chinese) yana nufin rana &#x2014; gefen kudu na dutse, ko arewacin kogi, a [[Sinanci|kasar Sin]] ana kiransa ''Yang'' . Sunan ya fito ne daga [[Nanyang Commander|Nanyang Commandery]], [[Kwamanda (China)|kwamanda]] da aka kafa a yankin a lokacin [[Zaman Jihohin Yaki|Jihohin Yaki]] . Kafin sunan "Nanyang" ya zama hade da birnin kanta, an kira shi "Wan" {{Stub}} ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Path,_Wolonggang,_China.jpg|Hanyar Wolonggang, Nanyang, Chaina File:%E9%9F%A9%E5%A0%82%E7%AB%99%E7%AB%99%E6%88%BF%EF%BC%882020%EF%BC%89.jpg|Tashar jirgin Kasa ta birnin, Nanyang File:Mountain,_Wolonggang,_China.jpg|Tsaunin Wolonggang, Nanyang File:%E5%8D%97%E9%98%B3%E6%B2%B9%E7%94%B0%E5%B9%BF%E5%9C%BA_-_panoramio_-_manoen_(2).jpg|Nanyang File:Anna_Xiulan_Zeeck_Portrait_2014.jpg|Anna Xiulan Zeeck, yar asalin Henan, Nanyang File:Medical_Sage_Temple_-_10265202943.jpg|Medical Sage Temple, Nanyang File:HNBC_(1).jpg|Henan Buddhist College Nanyang File:Xixia_Dinosaur_Relics_Park.jpg|Wani wurin shakatawa na birnin File:%E5%8D%97%E9%98%B3%E6%B2%B9%E7%94%B0%E7%BF%A0%E6%B9%96%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD_-_panoramio_-_manoen.jpg|Wani Kogi a birnin File:Sun_yat_sen_memorial.jpg|Sun yat sen memorial </gallery> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nanyang}} [[Category:Biranen Sin]] qpxxcshxm2u2pjohisi0vsgirz15jnd 0 13564 549875 505700 2024-12-01T22:36:33Z Wikiabdull 29964 Nayi gyara 549875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Vin Diesel (9349860804).jpg|thumb|Vin Diesel a Sandiago convention center. ]] [[File:Vin Diesel (9347060873).jpg|thumb|San Diego comic international center kenan. ]] [[Fayil:Vin Diesel (9349860804).jpg|thumb|vin desel]] '''Mark Sinclair''' (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Yulin shekarar ta alif dari tara da sittin da bakwai 1967), wanda da aka sani da '''Vin Diesel''', ɗan wasan Amurka ne kuma mai samarhirya fina-finai tashi zuwa sanannu naenkdan'wasa kasa da kasa tare da rawar da ya taka a matsayin '''''Dominic Toretto''''' a cikin fim din ''Fast and the Fuirous''. Vin Diesel ya kuma fara aikinsa ne a shekarar 1990, to amma da farko yayi gwagwarmaya don samun matsayi har sai da ya sami fitowa a cikin gajeren fim mai suna ''Multi-Facial'' shekara ta (1995), wanda ya jawo hankalin Steven Spielberg, wanda ke haɓaka fim ɗin ''Saving Private Ryan'' a lokacin. Spielberg ya sake rubuta wasu abubuwa na fim din don ba da damar Diesel ya fito a ciki, wanda ya taimaka akan fara aikinsa. Daga baya ya nuna halin dattako a cikin ''The Iron Giant'' shekara ta (1999), yayin da ya sami suna a matsayin tauraron daukar hoto bayan ya sanya taken ''The Fast and the Furious'', jerin ''XXX'', da ''Tarihi na Riddick''. Daga baya kuma a cikin aikinsa, Vin Diesel ya zama sananne asaboda bayar da muryarsa da yayi ga mai wasa Groot a cikin ''Guardians of the Galaxy'' shekara ta (2014), da kuma sanya murfin sabon halin a cikin ''Ralph Breaks Intanet'' shekarar (2018). Ya kuma kafa kamfanin samar da Kamfanin One Race Films . Daga cikin fina-finai na yau da kullun, Diesel ya ji daɗin nasarar kasuwancin a cikin wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan, irin su a cikin fim din mai ban dariya ''The Pacifier'' shekara (2005), yayin da ya yaba da rawar da ya yi a ''Find Me Guvidence'' shekarar (2006). Vin Diesel ya nuna hoton mai ban dariya mai suna Bloodshot a cikin fim din sa ta shekara ta 2020, kuma an shirya shi ne domin bayyana a jerin jerin wakokin ''Avatar'' . == Farkon rayuwa == An kuma haifi Vin Diesel ne Mark Sinclair <ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/leisure/showbiz/10851668.Diesel_breaks_silence_over_Walker/ |work=[[The Press (York)]] |agency=[[Press Association]] |publisher=[[Newsquest]] |location=York, Yorkshire | title=Diesel breaks silence over Walker| date= December 3, 2013| access-date=October 23, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102309/http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/leisure/showbiz/10851668.Diesel_breaks_silence_over_Walker/ |archive-date=October 6, 2014| url-status=live}}</ref> a ranar 18 ga Watan Yunin shekarar 1967, a Alameda County, California, tare da dan'uwansa, Paul. <ref name="pulsnclair1">[http://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/paul_sinclair_born_1967_10041532 Paul Sinclair] birth record at California Birth Index. Retrieved on March 29, 2015.</ref> Mahaifiyarsa, Delora Sherleen Vincent (née Sinclair), masaniyar taurari ce . Diesel ya bayyana cewa "dan kabila ne masu hazaka". Mahaifiyarsa tana da tushe daga Turanci, Jamusanci, da Scottish. Bai taɓa saduwa da mahaifinsa ba, kuma ya bayyana cewa "duk abin da na sani daga mahaifiyata cewa ina da alaƙa da al'adu daban-daban". Diesel ya bayyana kansa a matsayin "tabbas mutum mai launi ne", kuma ya bayyana cewa dangantakar iyayenta da ba ta kasance ta saba doka a wasu sassan Amurka ba saboda dokokin hana bayanan karya . Ya aka tashe a [[New York (birni)|New York City]] da ya fari American mahaifiyarsa da kuma Afirka ta-American uban rana, Irving H. Vincent, wani aiki malami da kuma wasan kwaikwayo sarrafa. [[Fayil:VinDieselMunich2005.jpg|thumb|Vin Diesel]] Diesel ya kuma yi wasansa na farko yayin da yake shekara bakwai lokacin da ya bayyana a wasan yara ''Dinosaur Door'', wanda Barbara Garson ya rubuta . An buga wannan wasan a gidan wasan kwaikwayon don New City a cikin Greenwich Village na New York. Kasancewarsa a cikin wasan ya zo ne lokacin da shi, ɗan'uwansa da wasu abokansa suka shiga cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayon don sararin samaniya na New City da ke kan titin Jane da niyyar ɓarke da shi. Sun fuskance su da darektan zane mai wasan kwaikwayo, Crystal Field, wanda ya ba su matsayin rawar da za su taka a wasan mai zuwa maimakon kiran 'yan sanda. Diesel ya kasance tare da wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin samartaka, yana ci gaba da halartar Kwalejin Harkokin NYC, inda karatun kirkirar rubuce-rubuce ya sa ya fara rubutun zane. Ya bayyana kansa a matsayin "ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da yawa". === 1990-2000: Gwagwarmaya da nasara === Matsayin fim na Diesel na farko shine ɗan gajeren bayyanar da ba'a bayyana ba a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo ''Awakenings'' (1990). A shekarar 1994, ya rubuta, ya jagoranci, ya samar, da tauraruwa a cikin gajeren fim din ''Multi-Facial'', wani fim mai cike da tarihi wanda ya biyo bayan gwagwarmayar nuna fina-finai da yawa da ke makale a cikin aikin binciken. An zaɓi fim ɗin don nuna allo a bikin Cannes na 1995. A cikin shekarar 1997, Diesel ya yi fim dinta na farko mai suna ''Strays'', wasan kwaikwayo na birni inda ya yi jagorancin jagoran ƙungiya wanda ƙaunar mace ta sa shi ƙoƙarin canza hanyoyinsa. Diesel ne ya rubuta shi, ya ba shi umarni, kuma ya samar da fim din don gasa a bikin Sati na 1997, wanda ya kai ga yarjejeniyar MTV don juya shi zuwa jerin. Darakta Steven Spielberg ya lura da Diesel bayan ya gan shi a cikin ''Multi-Facial'' kuma ya jefa shi a cikin karamin aiki a matsayin soja a fim dinsa na Oscar wanda ya yi nasara a 1998 ''Saving Private Ryan'' . A cikin 1999, ya ba da muryar sunan take a cikin fim mai rai ''The Iron Giant'' . === 2000–10: Tashi zuwa matsayin jigo a matsayin tauraron daukar hoto === [[File:VinDieselMarch09.jpg|left|thumb| Diesel a cikin farashi don ''Azumi & Furious'' a shekara ta 2009 ]] A cikin shekarar 2000, Diesel yana da rawar da ya dace a cikin wasan kwaikwayon ''Boiler Room'', inda ya fito tare da Giovanni Ribisi da Ben Affleck . Ya sami nasarar jagorancinsa a matsayin dan gaba na jarumi Riddick a cikin fim din almara mai suna ''Pitch Black'' daga baya a shekarar. Diesel ya kai matsayin gwarzo wanda ya ci mutum biyu tare da akwatin ofishin biyu: titin wasan tsere kan titi mai suna ''The Fast and the Furious'' (2001), da kuma babban mai ''fafutuka XXX'' (2002). Ya yi watsi da damar sake bayyana matsayinsa a cikin jerin abubuwa ''2 Fast 2 Furful'' (2003) da ''XXX: Stateungiyar'' ( ''ungiyar'' (2005). <ref>https://uproxx.com/up/vin-diesel-2-fast-2-furious-movie-roles/</ref> A maimakon haka ya zaɓi ya sake wakiltar aikinsa na Riddick a ''cikin Tarihi na Riddick'', wanda ya kasance akwatin akwatin gazawar la'akari da manyan kuɗin. Ya kuma nuna halayen a wasanni biyu na wasan bidiyo da anime ''Tarihi na Riddick: Fury Dark'' . A wani canji daga rawar da ya taka a baya, a cikin shekarar 2005, ya taka rawar gani a fim din mai ban dariya ''The Pacifier'', wanda nasara ce a ofishi. A shekara ta 2006, ya zaɓi rawar taka rawar gani inda ya taka matattarar rayuwar mai suna Jack DiNorscio a cikin ''Find Me Guvidence'' . Dukda cewa ya samu yabo sosai game da aikinsa, fim din yayi kasa a ofishin akwatin inda ya tara $ 2 miliyan kawai game da kasafin kudi na $ 13 miliyan. Daga baya a waccan shekarar, Diesel ya fito da kayan sa fitowar a ''cikin Azumi da Furful: Tokyo Drift'', yana mai bayanin rawar da ya taka daga ''Azumi da Azaba'' . A shekarar 2007, Diesel an saita shi kuma ya zama tauraro a matsayin wakili na 47 a cikin daidaita fim din wasan bidiyo na ''Hitman'', amma daga baya ya ja da baya kuma ya kasance mai gabatarwa na zartarwa a fim. A shekara ta 2008, ya yi rawar gani a fagen ilimin kimiya-mai ban mamaki ''Babila AD'' wanda ke da matukar muhimmanci kuma gazawar ofishi. Diesel ya dawo ''cikin'' jerin ''Fast da Furful'', tare da yawancin manyan fitattun finafinan fim na asali na 2001, cikin ''Fast & Furious'', wanda aka saki a watan Afrilun 2009. === 2010-2020: Ci gaba mai nasara, aiki a wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan === [[File:Fast_Five_Cast_2.jpg|thumb| ''Kwallan Fast Five'' tare da Natalie Morales don NBC 's ''Yau'' a watan Afrilun 2011. Daga hagu zuwa dama: Dwayne Johnson, Chris Bridges, [[Jordana Brewster]], Diesel da Paul Walker ]] Diesel ya kuma ba da izinin matsayinsa Dominic Toretto a cikin wasu abubuwa guda biyar zuwa takwas na ''Azumi da Furious,'' ikon ''Azumi'' (2011), ''Fast & Furious 6'' (2013), ''Furious 7'' (2015), and ''the Fate of the Furious'' (2017). Ya ba da izinin matsayinsa a matsayin Riddick a cikin fim na uku ''na'' jerin ''Labarun Tarihi na Riddick'', wanda aka yiwa lakabi da ''Riddick'' (2013). A watan Agusta na 2013, Diesel ya sami tauraro akan Hollywood Walk of Fame .   Ya bayyana Groot a cikin shekarar 2014 mamaki cinematic Universe film ''wãto matsaranta na Galaxy'' . Ya taurare a cikin fim ɗin allahntaka mai ɗaukar ''The Last maych Hunter'' (2015). A cikin shekarar 2016, Diesel ya bayyana a matsayin mai nuna goyon baya a wasan kwaikwayon na Ang Lee na wasan kwaikwayo na ''Bill'' Lee ''Lynn na Long Halftime Walk'' . A cikin shekarar 2017, Diesel ya sake ba da izinin matsayinsa a matsayin Xander Cage a cikin ''XXX: Dawowar Xander Cage'', da Groot a cikin ''Masu tsaron lafiyar Galaxy Vol. Na biyu'' . A cikin shekaru da yawa Diesel ya tattauna game da rawar da ya banbanta tsakanin Al'adun Cinematic Universe. A Nuwamban shekarar 2016 darektan ''Masu Kula da Galaxy'', James Gunn, ya tabbatar da cewa Diesel ya kasance yana tattaunawa don yin fim din Blackagar Boltagon / Black Bolt don fim ɗin ''Inhumans'' da aka shirya, amma an juya shi zuwa jerin talabijin maimakon ba tare da Diesel ya shiga ba. Diesel ya sake ba da izinin aikinsa na Groot sake a cikin fina-finai na crossover ''Avengers: Infinity War'' (2018) da ''Avengers: Endgame'' (2019) wanda ya haɗu da manyan superhero na Guardians na Galaxy da The Avengers . Ya ce, "[Ina] tsammanin akwai lokacin da muke jiran komai, kuma ko kun san shi ko a'a, kuna jira ne ganin [Groot] da [Hulk] za su sauka." === 2020 === Diesel ta ba da alama mai halayyar Jaruma Comics ''Bloodshot'' a fim ɗin suna iri ɗaya wanda aka saki a cikin Marisn shekarar 2020. Hakanan yana shiga cikin kundin James Cameron na ''Avatar 2'' . == Rayuwar mutum == [[File:Dodge_Charger_-_The_Fast_and_the_Furious.JPG|right|thumb| Babban motar Diesel, Caja Dodge, daga ''Fast & Furious'' ]] An lura da Diesel saboda muryar sa mai zurfi ; Ya ce muryarsa ta ɓarke kusan shekara 15, yana ba shi cikakkiyar murya mai kara girma a waya. A kusan shekara ta 2001, ya yi lamuran ''Azuminsa da Babban Abokan wasa'', Michelle Rodriguez . Diesel da abokin aikinsa na yanzu, samfurin Mexico Paloma Jimenez, suna da yara uku: 'yarta Hania Riley (an haife Afrilu 2008), ɗa Vincent Sinclair (an haife 2010), da' yarta Pauline (waɗanda aka haifa a watan Maris 2015). An kuma naɗa Pauline a cikin girmamawa ga abokinsa kuma abokin hadin gwiwar ''Fast & Furious'' franchise co-star, Paul Walker, wanda ya mutu a watan Nuwamban shekarar 2013. Hakanan shi kuma shine mahaifin 'yar Walker, Meadow Rain Walker. 'Yarsa Hania tana karatun jiu-jitsu na Brazil da kuma judo . Diesel ya ce a 2006 cewa ya fi son ya ci gaba da tsare sirri game da rayuwarsa ta sirri, yana mai cewa: "Ba zan fitar da shi a can ba a bangon mujallar kamar sauran 'yan wasan kwaikwayo. Na zo ne daga Harrison Ford, Marlon Brando, Robert De Niro, lambar Al Pacino ta yin shuru. " Ya nuna kaunarsa ga Jamhuriyar Dominica da yadda ya shafi bangarorin al'adun ta. Yana da masaniya da tsohon shugaban, Leonel Fernández, kuma ya fito a ɗayan tallace-tallacen tallar da Fernández ya yi a baya. ''Los Bandoleros'', wani ɗan gajeren fim ne wanda Diesel ya jagoranta, aka yi fim a Dominican Republic. Diesel ya yi wasa ''Dungeons & Dragons'' sama da shekaru 20, kuma ya rubuta asalinta na littafin tunawa da ''Shekaru 30 na Adventure: A Celebration of Dungeons & Dragons'' . A cikin batun shekaru 30 na mujallar ''Dragon'', an bayyana cewa Diesel ya yi rubutun karya da sunan halinsa, Melkor, a ciki yayin da yake yin fim din ''XXX'' .   Kirar wasan bidiyo na Kanada kuma mai haɓaka Merritt k ya kirkiro wasan 2015 ''(ASMR) Vin Diesel DMing Game na D&D Just For You'' dangane da fandom na ''D&D'' . [[File:Vin Diesel (9347070021).jpg|thumb|Vin Diesel yana bayani Akan film dinsa ba 'Riddick' ]] [[File:Vin Diesel 2013 SDCC.jpg|thumb|Zuwar Vin Diesel San Diego comic international center kenan ]] [[File:Vin Diesel & Katee Sackhoff.jpg|thumb|Vin Diesel da Abokiyar aikin Sa]] == Fine-finite == [[File:VinDieselMunich2005.jpg|thumb| Diesel a [[München|Munich]] a shekara ta 2005 ]] === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |1990 |''Awakenings'' |Orderly |Uncredited |- |1995 |''Multi-Facial'' |Mike |Short film<br /><br />Writer, director, producer |- |1997 |''Strays'' |Rick |Writer, director, producer |- |1998 |''Saving Private Ryan'' |Private Adrian Caparzo | |- |1999 |''{{sortname|The|Iron Giant}}'' |The Iron Giant |Voice |- | rowspan="2" |2000 |''Boiler Room'' |Chris Varick | |- |''Pitch Black'' |Richard B. Riddick | |- | rowspan="2" |2001 |''The Fast and the Furious'' |Dominic Toretto | |- |''Knockaround Guys'' |Taylor Reese | |- |2002 |''XXX'' |Xander Cage |Executive producer |- |2003 |''A Man Apart'' |Sean Vetter | rowspan="2" |Producer |- | rowspan="2" |2004 |''The Chronicles of Riddick'' | rowspan="2" |Richard B. Riddick |- |''The Chronicles of Riddick: Dark Fury'' |Voice |- |2005 |''The Pacifier'' |Lieutenant Shane Wolfe | |- | rowspan="2" |2006 |''Find Me Guilty'' |Jackie DiNorscio | |- |''The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift'' |Dominic Toretto |Uncredited cameo |- |2008 |''Babylon A.D.'' |Hugo Cornelius Toorop | |- | rowspan="2" |2009 |''Fast & Furious'' | rowspan="4" |Dominic Toretto |Producer |- |''Los Bandoleros'' |Short film<br /><br />Writer, director, producer |- |2011 |''Fast Five'' | rowspan="2" |Producer |- | rowspan="3" |2013 |''Fast & Furious 6'' |- |''Riddick: Blindsided'' | rowspan="2" |Richard B. Riddick |Short film<br /><br />Voice |- |''Riddick'' |Producer |- |2014 |''Guardians of the Galaxy'' |Groot |Voice |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |''Furious 7'' |Dominic Toretto | rowspan="2" |Producer |- |''The Last Witch Hunter'' |Kaulder |- |2016 |''Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk'' |Shroom | |- | rowspan="3" |2017 |''XXX: Return of Xander Cage'' |Xander Cage | rowspan="2" |Producer |- |''The Fate of the Furious'' |Dominic Toretto |- |''Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2'' | rowspan="4" |Groot | rowspan="4" |Voice |- | rowspan="2" |2018 |''Avengers: Infinity War'' |- |''Ralph Breaks the Internet'' |- |2019 |''Avengers: Endgame'' |- |2020 |''Bloodshot'' |Ray Garrison / Bloodshot |Producer |- | rowspan="2" |2021 | style="background:#FFFFCC;" |''F9''{{dagger}} |Dominic Toretto | rowspan="3" |Post-production |- | style="background:#FFFFCC;" |''Avatar 2''{{dagger}} | rowspan="2" {{TBA}} |- |2023 | style="background:#FFFFCC;" |''Avatar 3''{{dagger}} |} {| class="wikitable" |+ Maɓalli | style="background:#FFFFCC;" |{{dagger|alt=Denotes films that have not yet been released}} | Yana nuna fina-finai da har yanzu ba a sake su ba |} === Wasanin bidiyo === {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2004 | ''Littafin Tarihi na Riddick: Guba daga Butcher Bay'' | Richard B. Riddick | rowspan="3" | Murya |- | rowspan="2" | 2009 | ''Matashin'' | Milo Burik |- | ''Littafin Tarihi na Riddick: Assault akan Dark Athena'' | Richard B. Riddick |- | 2020 | style="background:#FFFFCC;" | ''Abubuwan Gaggawa da Azumi'' {{dagger}} | Dominic Toretto | Muryar da motsi |} {| class="wikitable" |+ Maɓalli | style="background:#FFFFCC;" |{{dagger|alt=Denotes video games that have not yet been released}} | Yana nuna wasannin bidiyo wanda har yanzu ba a sake su ba |} === Wuraren shakatawa na taken === {| class="wikitable" |+ ! Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Harara |- | 2015 | rowspan="2" | ''Fast & Furious: Supercharged'' | rowspan="2" | Dominic Toretto | Universal Studios Hollywood |- | 2018 | Universal Studios Florida |- |} == Kyaututtuka da kuma gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Award !Category !Work !Result |- | rowspan="2" |1999 |Screen Actors Guild Award |Outstanding Performance by a Cast<br /><br /><small>Shared with the rest of the cast</small> | rowspan="2" |''Saving Private Ryan''|| {{nom}} |- |Online Film Critics Society Award |Best Cast <small><br /><br />Shared with the rest of the cast</small>|| {{Won}} |- |2001 |Blockbuster Entertainment Award |Favorite Actor |''Pitch Black''|| {{nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |2002 | rowspan="2" |MTV Movie Award |Best Male Performance | rowspan="3" |''The Fast and the Furious''|| {{nom}} |- |Best On-Screen Team <small><br /><br />Shared with Paul Walker</small>|| {{Won}} |- |Black Reel Award |Best Actor|| {{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2003 |MTV Movie Award |Best Male Performance |''xXx''|| {{nom}} |- |Teen Choice Award |Choice Movie Actor: Drama/Action Adventure |''xXx''<br /><br />''A Man Apart''|| {{nom}} |- |2004 |Spike Video Game Award |Best Performance by a Human Male |''The Chronicles of Riddick: Escape from Butcher Bay''|| {{nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |2005 |Teen Choice Award |Choice Movie Actor: Comedy |''The Pacifier''|| {{nom}} |- |Golden Raspberry Award |Worst Actor | rowspan="2" |''The Chronicles of Riddick''|| {{nom}} |- |Video Software Dealers Association Award |Male Star of the Year|| {{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |2009 |Spike Video Game Award |Best Performance by a Human Male |''The Chronicles of Riddick: Assault on Dark Athena''|| {{nom}} |- |MTV Movie Award |Best Male Performance | rowspan="2" |''Fast & Furious''|| {{nom}} |- |2010 |People's Choice Award |Favorite Action Star|| {{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2011 |CinemaCon Award |Action Star of the Year | rowspan="5" |''Fast Five''|| {{won}} |- |Teen Choice Award |Choice Movie Actor|| {{nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |Image Award |Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture|| {{nom}} |- |Black Reel Award |Best Cast Ensemble <small><br /><br />Shared with the rest of the cast</small>|| {{nom}} |- |People's Choice Award |Favorite Action Star|| {{nom}} |- |2013 |Teen Choice Award |Choice Movie: Chemistry<br /><br /><small>Shared with Paul Walker & Dwayne Johnson</small> | rowspan="3" |''Fast & Furious 6''|| {{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |People's Choice Award |Favorite Action Movie Actor|| {{nom}} |- |MTV Movie Award |Best On-Screen Duo<br /><br /><small>Shared with Paul Walker</small>|| {{won}} |- | rowspan="3" |2015 |Phoenix Film Critics Society |Best Cast |''Guardians of the Galaxy''|| {{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Teen Choice Award |Choice Movie Actor: Action | rowspan="4" |''Furious 7''|| {{won}} |- |Choice Movie: Chemistry <small><br /><br />Shared with the rest of the cast</small>|| {{nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |2016 | rowspan="3" |People's Choice Awards |Favorite Movie|| {{won}} |- |Favorite Action Movie|| {{won}} |- |Favorite Action Movie Actor |''Himself''|| {{nom}} |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * Vin Diesel on IMDb * Vin Diesel at Rotten Tomatoes * Vin Diesel at Curlie [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] paitvn26f1jsd16y2q4zfybjy6f4ta5 0 13771 549859 514579 2024-12-01T22:02:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bibi Bakare-Yusuf''', an haife ta ne a shekarar 1970 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], ƙwararriyar malama ce, kuma edita ce a [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . Ta kirkiro da gidan wallafe-wallafe na '''''Cassava Republic Press''''', hedkwatarsa a [[Abuja]], wanda ke wallafa ayyukan almara da wallafe-wallafen yara, da kuma 'yan Afirka, tare da sha'awar inganta al'adun karatu a cikin Afirka. == Tarihin Rayuwa == Bibi Bakare-Yusuf an haife ta ne a shekara ta 1970 a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . Tun tana shekaran ta goma sha uku, an tura ta zuwa wata makaranta a Ingila . Daga nan ta ci gaba da karatun digiri na biyu a fannin sadarwa da ilmin Anthropology a Kwalejin Goldsmiths, Jami'ar London, sai kuma digiri na biyu a fannin karatun mata a Jami'ar Warwick, daga nan sai digiri na uku.<ref name=Berlin>{{cite web | language=de | url=http://comics-berlin.de/graphic%20novel%20days/autoren/bibi%20bakare-yusuf.html | title=Bibi Bakare-Yusuf | publisher=comics-berlin.de | access-date=2020-05-02 | archive-date=2021-04-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419191453/http://comics-berlin.de/graphic%20novel%20days/autoren/bibi%20bakare-yusuf.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>. A shekarar 2003, ta dawo Najeriya don yin bincike a Jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo, a Ife, a Cibiyar Nazarin Jinsi. Har ila yau, tana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kungiyoyi na ci gaba kamar ActionAid, Asusun Tallafawa Duniya na Mata (UNIFEM) da [[Tarayyar Turai]] . Ta kuma kafa tsarin bada shawarwari kan al'amuran mata, Tapestry Consulting. A shekara ta 2005, ta yanke shawarar kirkirar gidan wallafe-wallafe, tare da gamsuwa da bukatar buga fasalin don inganta al'adu da karatu . Wannan gidan buga littattafai, ''Cassava Republic Press'', yanzu tana ƙidaya a cikin marubuta kamar su Helon Habila,<ref>{{cite web | language=en | title=100 Most Influential Africans 2016 – Meet the Guest Editors | url=http://newafricanmagazine.com/100-most-influential-africans-2016-meet-the-guest-editors/#sthash.dimUAt75.dpuf | publisher=New African Magazine | day=24 | month=novembre | year=2016 | access-date=2020-05-02 | archive-date=2017-03-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326052755/http://newafricanmagazine.com/100-most-influential-africans-2016-meet-the-guest-editors/#sthash.dimUAt75.dpuf | url-status=dead }}</ref> mai fa'ida a cikin kyautar 2015 na Windham-Campbell don wallafe-wallafen , Hawa Jande Golakai, ko Ayesha Harruna Attah.<ref>{{cite web | language=en | title=Cassava Republic signs historic novel set in Ghana | day=28 | month=septembre | year=2016 | publisher=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]] | url=https://guardian.ng/art/cassava-republic-signs-historic-novel-set-in-ghana/ | access-date=2020-05-02 | archive-date=2017-05-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517100012/https://guardian.ng/art/cassava-republic-signs-historic-novel-set-in-ghana/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>. ''Cassava Republic Press'', hedkwatarsa a [[Abuja]], tana da ofishin Landan tun daga 2016, kuma tana buɗe na biyu, a ciki avril 2017watan Afrilu 2017 , a [[New York (birni)|New York]],<ref>{{cite web | language=en | title=Leading African publishing house to launch in the U.K. | day=26 | month=novembre | year=2015 | author1=Zaynab Quadri | publisher=Pulse | url=http://pulse.ng/books/cassava-republic-press-leading-african-publishing-house-to-launch-in-the-u-k-id4395909.html | access-date=2020-05-02 | archive-date=2018-04-08 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408053257/http://www.pulse.ng/books/cassava-republic-press-leading-african-publishing-house-to-launch-in-the-u-k-id4395909.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>{{,}}<ref>{{cite web | language=fr | title=Salon Livre Paris. Les maux de l’Afrique au miroir du polar | publisher=[[Le Monde]] | day=23 | month=mars | year=2017 | author1= Macha Séry | url=https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2017/03/23/les-maux-de-l-afrique-au-miroir-du-polar_5099441_3260.html#bdYh1AuT5F7IGFWr.99 }}</ref> Bibi Bakare-Yusuf ta zama, tun a Nuwamban 2016 , shugaban wata ƙungiyar mai zaman kanta, ''The Initiative for Equal Rights'' (TIERS), wanda ke aiki don kare da haɓaka [[Hakkin ɗan'adam|haƙƙin ɗan adam]] na minority sexual' a Najeriya da [[Afirka ta Yamma]].<ref>{{cite web | language=en | title=TIERs Appoints Dr Bibi Bakare-Yusuf as Chairperson of the Board | day=7 | month=novembre | year=2016 | publisher=The Initiative for Equal Rights Press Release | url=http://theinitiativeforequalrights.org/tiers-appoints-dr-bibi-bakare-yusuf-as-chairperson-of-the-board/ | access-date=2020-05-02 | archive-date=2023-12-18 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218055337/https://theinitiativeforequalrights.org/tiers-appoints-dr-bibi-bakare-yusuf-as-chairperson-of-the-board/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hadin waje == {{DEFAULTSORT:Bakare-Yusuf, Bibi}} [[Category:Marubutan Najeriya]] tumwci0o01ram6tra01ksn0344x5v33 0 13860 549696 485751 2024-12-01T19:32:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549696 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Amanda Ebeye Indecent Lover on NdaniTV.png|thumb|hoton Amanda ebeye]] '''Amanda Mike-Ebeye''' (an kuma haife Amanda Mike Ebeyr a ranar 30 ga watan Afrilu na shekarar alib 1986) yar wasan film ce na [[Nijeriya|Najeriya ce]] kuma abin koyi ne a wani lokaci. An kuma santa ne bisa rawar da ta taka a ''Clinic Matters'' da ''Super Labari'' .ta kasance tana yawan fitowa a fina finai daban daban.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://punchng.com/having-a-child-is-my-best-decision-amanda-ebeye|title=Having a child is my best decision – Amanda Ebeye|work=Punch Newspapers|access-date=3 August 2017}}</ref> == Hira == A cikin hirar da aka yi a shekarar 2013 da ''Information Nigeria ta wallafa'',Amanda Mike Ebeye ya bayyana cewa a matsayinta na mai wasan kwaikwayo, za ta iya biyan dala miliyan 50.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.modernghana.com/movie/4760/my-career-parts-of-my-body-i-love-amanda-ebeye-actress.html|title=My career, parts of my body I love — Amanda Ebeye, actress|website=ModernGhana.com|access-date=3 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.informationng.com/2013/08/for-50-million-i-can-act-unclothed-actress-amanda-ebeye-reveals.html|title=For $50 Million, I Can Act Unclothed – Actress Amanda Ebeye Reveals|website=Information Nigeria|access-date=3 August 2017}}</ref> == Rayuwar ta == Amanda Mike Ebeye ta fito ne daga kabilar Agbor na [[Delta (jiha)|jihar Delta]] . Tana digiri na biyu a karatun digiri na biyu da na diflomasiya daga Jami'ar Benson Idahosa . A cikin shekarar 2016, ta haifi ɗa a Kanada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/06/men-i-hate-to-see-them-around-me-%e2%80%94-amanda-mike-ebeye/|title=Men! I hate to see them around me â€" Amanda Mike Ebeye|date=19 June 2009|website=Vanguardngr.com|accessdate=8 August 2017}}</ref> [[File:Amanda Ebeye Indecent Lover.png|thumb|Amanda Ebeye]] [[Fayil:Indecent lover screenshot.png|thumb|Amanda Ebeye]] ''Hukumar ta'' bayyana cewa Amanda mike Ebeye ta bayyana hakan ne a wani sako da ta wallafa a shafin ta na Instagram cewa da farko ba ta zura ido ga tunanin samun ‘ya’yan nata ba, amma tunda ta haifi danta tana godiya ga Allah da ya albarkace ta da shi. A shekarar 2016,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://authorityngr.com/2017/06/-I-didn-t-really-want-kids--Actress-Amanda-Ebeye|title=I didn't really want kids' - Actress Amanda Ebeye|website=Authority Newspaper|access-date=2017-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606155636/http://www.authorityngr.com/2017/06/-I-didn-t-really-want-kids--Actress-Amanda-Ebeye/|archive-date=2017-06-06|url-status=dead}}</ref> mahaifiyar Ebeye ta sake yin wani aure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allure.vanguardngr.com/2016/11/nollywood-actress-amanda-ebeye-reportedly-proud-mum-baby-boy|title=Nollywood actress, Amanda Ebeye is now a mum!}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/01/nollywood-actress-amanda-ebeyes-mum-remarries|title=Nollywood actress, Amanda Ebeye's mum remarries|accessdate=17 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803171431/http://thenet.ng/2016/01/nollywood-actress-amanda-ebeyes-mum-remarries/|archive-date=3 August 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> == Fina finai == * ''Harshen'' (2010) * ''Yin kuka Hawaye'' (2009) * ''Atarfi na Lokacin'' (2009) * ''Matter Matter'' (2009) * ''Mala'iku masu haɗari kamar Carol<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nollywoodforever.com/tag/amanda-ebeye/|title=Amanda Ebeye - Nollywood Forever Movie Reviews|website=Nollywoodforever.com|accessdate=3 August 2017|archive-date=3 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803130932/http://nollywoodforever.com/tag/amanda-ebeye/|url-status=dead}}</ref>'' * ''<nowiki/>'Yar Fasto'' * ''Sha'awa'' * ''Auren Aure na na karshe'' * ''Asiri 100%'' (2012) * ''Kuka da Tiger'' * ''A tsakanin Tiger'' * ''Ci gaba da soyayya na<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201609070717.html|title=Nigeria: Bovi's It's Her Day Premieres Today|website=allAfrica.com|access-date=2017-08-03}}</ref>'' * ''Babban Labari'' (Fiye da aboki, 2008) * ''Super Labari'' (Bam daga baya, 2007) * ''Yau dai Ranar'' * ''Labarun Mata<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/tales-of-women-watch-taiwo-odualas-new-movie-trailer-id3916226.html|title="Tales Of Women": Watch Taiwo Oduala"s new movie trailer|first=Gbenga|last=Bada|date=|website=pulse.ng|accessdate=3 August 2017|archive-date=3 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803211754/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/tales-of-women-watch-taiwo-odualas-new-movie-trailer-id3916226.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>'' * ''Zuriyar mugunta<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nollywoodmindspace.blogspot.com.ng/2014/03/amanda-ebeye-stars-in-new-epic-movie.html|title=Nollywood by Mindspace: AMANDA EBEYE STARS IN 'THE EVIL SEED'|first=Nollywood|last=Mindspace|date=24 March 2014|website=blogspot.com.ng|accessdate=3 August 2017}}</ref>'' * ''Agwonma: ggan da ba a Cirewa<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/agwonma-francis-duru-amanda-ebeye-ejike-asiegbu-others-star-in-new-movie-id3571240.html|title=Agwonma: Francis Duru, Amanda Ebeye, Ejike Asiegbu, others star in new movie|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|date=|website=pulse.ng|accessdate=3 August 2017|archive-date=3 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803211534/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/agwonma-francis-duru-amanda-ebeye-ejike-asiegbu-others-star-in-new-movie-id3571240.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>'' * ''Zuciya mai bakin ciki'' (tare da Ebube Nwagbo da Yul Edochie )<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dailymedia.com.ng/nollywood-yul-edochie-ebube-nwagbo-and-amanda-ebeye-star-in-sorrowful-heart|title=NOLLYWOOD YUL EDOCHIE, EBUBE NWAGBO, AND AMANDA EBEYE, STAR IN ‘SORROWFUL HEART’|website=dailymedia.com.ng|accessdate=3 August 2017|archive-date=20 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020034714/http://dailymedia.com.ng/nollywood-yul-edochie-ebube-nwagbo-and-amanda-ebeye-star-in-sorrowful-heart/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''A kullun Mutane'' (jerin talabijin)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/throwbackthursday-do-you-remember-hit-tv-series-everyday-people-id4027251.html|title=#ThrowbackThursday: Do you remember hit TV series "Everyday People?"|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|website=Pulse.ng|accessdate=19 August 2017}}</ref> * Indecent Lover (Dancing)<ref>{{Citation|last=irokotv {{!}} NOLLYWOOD|title=Indecent Lover - Latest 2016 Nigerian Nollywood Drama Movie [English]|date=2016-08-31|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HfcfRlvfng&t=4136s|accessdate=17 August 2017}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da kuma gabatarwa == * Kyautar NEA ta 2011 - mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a jerin talabijin * Lambar yabo ta gargajiya ta shekarar 2015 * Kyautar Kyauta ta Fashion City ta 2015 * Kyautar ZAFAA ta 2016 - mafi kyawun actress * Kyautar NAFCA 2016 - mafi kyawun actress * V series<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2011/09/surprise-winners-at-the-nigeria-entertainment-awards-2011|title=Surprise Winners At The Nigeria Entertainment Awards 2011|accessdate=3 August alib 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804053143/http://thenet.ng/2011/09/surprise-winners-at-the-nigeria-entertainment-awards-2011/|archive-date=4 August 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bodexng.com/2015/09/actress-amanda-ebeye-wins-most-talented-actress-of-the-year-by-cama-awards|title=Actress Amanda Ebeye wins most talented actress of the year by CAMA Awards}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://yup.ng/2015/10/22/amanda-ebeye-wins-garden-city-fashion-awards.html|title=AMANDA EBEYE WINS GARDEN CITY FASHION AWARDS|access-date=2020-05-13|archive-date=2017-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803211736/http://yup.ng/2015/10/22/amanda-ebeye-wins-garden-city-fashion-awards.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/11/zafaa-2016-ini-edo-stan-nze-more-make-nominee-list/|title=ZAFAA 2016: Ini Edo, Eniola Badmus, Stan Nze and more make nomination list|date=29 November 2016|website=thenet.ng|accessdate=3 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804012304/http://thenet.ng/2016/11/zafaa-2016-ini-edo-stan-nze-more-make-nominee-list/|archive-date=4 August 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.africannafca.com/nomineesandwinners.aspx|title=African NAFCA|website=Africannafca.com|date=3 August 2017|accessdate=17 August 2017|archive-date=3 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803171536/http://www.africannafca.com/nomineesandwinners.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Category: Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mata Yan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mata yan fim]] 6528zymt15pg8bsgf8ppc6jp5hkc6sj 0 13889 549952 524633 2024-12-02T02:06:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Diezani K. Alison-Madueke''' (An haife ta ne a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1960), yar siyasa ce ta [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] kuma mace ta farko a matsayin shugabar kungiyar OPEC. An zabe ta ne a taron majalisar OPEC karo na 166 a [[Vienna]] ranar (27) ga watan Nuwamba, a shekara ta (2014).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nuj-europe-chapter.blogspot.co.uk/2014/11/nigerian-minister-becomes-1st-opec.html|work=NUJEurope|title=Nigerian Minister Becomes 1st OPEC Female President|date=27 November 2014|accessdate=2014-11-28}}</ref> Ta zama ministan sufuri a Najeriya a ranar ishirin da shida (26) ga watan Yuni, shekara ta dubu biyu (2000). An canza ta zuwa ma'adinai da Ci gaban Karfe a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da takwas (2008), kuma a watan Afrilun, shekara ta dubu biyu da goma( 2010 )aka nada ta Ministan Albarkatun Man Fetur. == Rayuwa == Diezani Alison madueke Agama an haife ta a [[Port Harcourt|Fatakwal]], [[Rivers|Jihar Ribas]], [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]]. Mahaifinta shi ne Cif Frederick Abiye Agama. Ta yi karatun Architecture a [[ Ingila|Ingila]] sannan kuma a Jami’ar Howard a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]]. Ta yi karatun digiri a kan Howard tare da digiri na farko a ranar 8 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta alif 1992. Ta dawo [[Nijeriya]] kuma ta shiga cikin Kamfanin Shell a shekarar 2002, ta halarci Makarantar Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ta [[ Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Cambridge Alkali|Cambridge,]] don digiri na MBA. Bayan dawowarta Gida Najeriya, an nada Diezani Alison Madueke Agama a matsayin Babban Darakta a kamfanin Shell a shekarar 2006. Ita ce mace ta farko da Shell ta taba nadawa a matsayin Darakta a Najeriya Tun daga shekara ta alif 1999, ta auri Admiral Allison Madueke (mai ritaya), Shugaban Sojojin Ruwa na lokaci guda wanda ya kasance a lokuta daban-daban na gwamnan [[Imo]] da na [[Imo|jihar]] [[Anambra]]. Tana da 'ya'ya maza guda biyu, Chimezie Madueke da Ugonna Madueke. A watan Satumbar, shekara 2011. Alison-Madueke ta ba Alison-Madueke lambar girmamawa a fannin Kimiyya ta Kasuwanci ta Makarantar Tsaro ta Najeriya, [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] . A watan Satumbar, shekara ta 2008. An yi wani yunƙurin ƙoƙari na sace Alison-Madueke a gidanta a [[Abuja]] tare da ɗanta Chimezie Madueke.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.naija.ng/1120774-diezani-alison-madueke-biography-career.html#1120774|title=Story of ex-minister Diezani Alison-Madueke who broke through the ranks in a male-dominated oil sector|last=Olawale|first=Johnson|date=2017-11-25|work=Naija.ng - Nigeria news.|access-date=2018-01-17|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Modibbo, Ibrahim|title=Nigeria: Police Foil Attempt to 'Kidnap' Allison-Madueke|date=29 September 2008|newspaper=Leadership|location=Abuja, Nigeria|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200809291237.html|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6XzFOyKTJ?url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200809291237.html|archivedate=22 April 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref><ref name="sunstyle">{{cite news|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/sunstyle/2007/july/14/sunstyle-14-07-2007-001.htm|title=Diezani Allison-Madueke ...A passion from the creeks to the peak|author=Kunle Hamilton|date=14 July 2007|publisher=Daily Sun|accessdate=2009-12-15|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201235310/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/sunstyle/2007/july/14/sunstyle-14-07-2007-001.htm|archivedate=1 February 2010|df=dmy}}</ref><ref name="Ndigbo">{{Cite news|author=Ndigbo, Ogbuefi|title=Diezani Allison Madueke's sons' Scandalous private jet lifestyle|date=18 January 2012|newspaper=Elombah|url=http://elombah.com/index.php/special-reports/9509-diezani-allison-maduekes-sons-scandalous-private-jet-lifestyle-v15-9509|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121103215659/http://elombah.com/index.php/special-reports/9509-diezani-allison-maduekes-sons-scandalous-private-jet-lifestyle-v15-9509|archivedate=3 November 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news2.onlinenigeria.com/news/top-stories/106625-howard-university-faults-alison-madueke%E2%80%99s-year-of-graduation.html|newspaper=Nigeria News|title=Diezani Alison-Madueke's year of graduation faulted by Howard University|date=7 August 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111110013043/http://news2.onlinenigeria.com/news/top-stories/106625-howard-university-faults-alison-madueke%E2%80%99s-year-of-graduation.html|archivedate=10 November 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="sunstyle" /><ref name="sunstyle" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/09/yet-another-garland-for-diezani-alison-madueke/|title=Yet another garland for Diezani Alison-Madueke|date=September 17, 2011|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)]]|accessdate=2011-12-21}}</ref>. == Matsayin majalisun tarayya == [[File:Nigerian Minister for Petroleum Resources (7691827356).jpg|thumb|Alison Madueke tsohuwar Ministan Mai ta Najeriya]] Diezani Alison-Madueke ta rike manyan mukamai guda uku a gwamnatin tarayyar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . An nada ta Ministan Sufuri a watan Yuni na sekarar 2007. A ranar 23 ga watan Disamba shekarar 2008, ta zama Ministan Ma'adanai da Ci gaban Karfe. Lokacin Mataimakin Shugaban kasa; [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya zama shugaban kasa a watan Fabrairun shekarar 2010, ya soke majalisar ministocin a ranar 17 ga watan Maris shekarar 2010, sannan ya rantsar da sabuwar majalisar a ranar 6 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 2010 tare da Alison-Madueke a matsayin Ministan Albarkatun Man Fetur.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ihs.com/country-industry-forecasting.html?id=106594388&pu=1&rd=globalinsight_com|title=New Cabinet Unveiled as Nigeria's Acting President Shores Up Position|date=7 April 2010|work=IHS Global Insight|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6XzCj8oLs?url=https://www.ihs.com/country-industry-forecasting.html?id=106594388&pu=1&rd=globalinsight_com|archivedate=22 April 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|access-date=13 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://odili.net/news/source/2008/dec/24/432.html|date=24 December 2008|title=Alison-Madueke resumes at Mines and Steel ministry|publisher=The Punch|accessdate=2009-12-15}}{{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> == Ministan abarkatun man fetur == [[File:Diezani K. Alison-Madueke - World Economic Forum on Africa 2012 (2).jpg|thumb|Diezeni K Alison Madueke a yayin wani taro na kasashen Duniya don Inganta tattalin arzikin Nahiyar Afrika Wanda aka yi shekara ta 2012]] A matsayina na Ministan Albarkatun Man Fetur, Alison-Madueke ta yi alkawarin sauya masana'antar mai da iskar gas ta Najeriya domin dukkan 'yan Najeriya su amfana. A watan Afrilun shekarar 2010, Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan|Goodluck Jonathan ya]] rattaba hannu kan dokar Najeriyar, wanda ke da niyyar kara yawan kwangilolin masana'antar mai da aka baiwa 'yan kasuwan Najeriya na asali - martani ga mamayar da masu kamfanonin kasashen waje ke yi. Ofayan mafi mahimmancin manufofin da aka gabatar a ƙarƙashin Alison-Madueke shine shirin gwamnati don cire tallafin jihohi akan farashin mai. Alison-Madueke ta goyi bayan dakatar da tallafin "saboda tana haifar da babban matsin lamba ga gwamnati, a bayyane yake amfanar da attajirai, [kuma] yana ƙarfafa rashin iya aiki, rashawa da ɓarnatar da albarkatun jama'a masu ƙarancin saka hannun jari ga mahimman kayan aikin.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/energy/33991-fg-outlines-benefits-of-fuel-subsidy-removal|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302023913/http://tribune.com.ng/index.php/energy/33991-fg-outlines-benefits-of-fuel-subsidy-removal|title=FG outlines benefits of fuel subsidy removal|newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|author=Tunde Dodondawa|date=9 January 2012|archivedate=2 March 2012|url-status=unfit}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201005040301.html|title=Content Law - of Content And Contempt|work=[[Media Trust|Daily Trust]]|author=Hamisu Muhammad|date=4 May 2010|accessdate=2012-01-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhhrNg7ySko|title=Oil and Gas Working for All Nigeria Part 1|author=Diezani Alison-Madueke|accessdate=2012-01-12}}</ref> == Ta farko == [[File:Diezani K. Alison-Madueke - World Economic Forum on Africa 2012 (2).jpg|thumb|Diezani Alison-Madueke]] Alison-Madueke ita ce mace ta farko da ta rike matsayin Ministan Albarkatun Man Fetur a Najeriya, kuma a watan Oktoba na shekarar 2010 ta kasance mace ta farko da ta shugabantar da wakilan kasashe a taron [[ OPEC|OPEC na]] shekara-shekara. Ta kuma kasance mace ta farko ministar sufuri, kuma mace ta farko da aka nada a kwamitin bunkasa Kamfanin Man Fetur na Shell Nigeria. A ranar 27 ga Satan Nuwamban shekarar 2014, an zabe ta a matsayin mace ta farko a matsayin shugaban kungiyar OPEC. Lokacin da take aiki a bangarorin maza da suka mamaye, Alison-Madueke ta ce ta gargadi 'yan matan da ta yi wa horo yayin da suke kamfanin Shell da su "canza yanayin tunaninsu."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/npdc-s-appointment-of-a-funding-partner-has-been-greatly-misunderstood-alison-madueke/93077/|title=NPDC's Appointment of a Funding Partner Has Been Greatly Misunderstood – Alison-Madueke|date=12 June 2011|work=[[ThisDay]]|accessdate=2012-01-12|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506195037/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/npdc-s-appointment-of-a-funding-partner-has-been-greatly-misunderstood-alison-madueke/93077/|archivedate=6 May 2012|df=dmy}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sweetcrudereports.com/2011/09/17/nda-awards-alison-madueke-doctorate-degree/|title=NDA awards Alison-Madueke doctorate degree|work=SweetCrude Reports|date=17 September 2011|accessdate=2012-01-12|archive-date=2011-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117075506/http://sweetcrudereports.com/2011/09/17/nda-awards-alison-madueke-doctorate-degree/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Okafor, Chineme|title=Petroleum Minister, Alison-Madueke Elected First OPEC Female President|date=27 November 2014|newspaper=This Day Live|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/petroleum-minister-alison-madueke-elected-first-opec-female-president/195193/|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6XzG1F0QK?url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/petroleum-minister-alison-madueke-elected-first-opec-female-president/195193/|archivedate=22 April 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy}}</ref> == Zargi akan rashin gudanarwan kuɗi da kuma kamata == Wani labarin PBS NewsHour ya nakalto jami'an [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurkawa]] da na [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] suna cewa tsohuwar Ministan man fetur Diezani Alison-Madueke da kanta za ta iya yin amfani da dala biliyan 6 (N1.2 tiriliyan) daga baitul malin Najeriya. An tuhume ta da alhakin dala biliyan 20 da aka bata daga hukumar kula da man fetur. Wani tsohon gwamnan Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN), [[Sanusi Lamido Sanusi|Sanusi]], ya sake yin wannan bayani yayin hirar [[ PBS|PBS]] a ranar 2 ga watan Disamba shekarar 2015. Sanusi lamido Sanusi ya yi amanna cewa an kore shi daga Babban Bankin Najeriya ne saboda ya je gaban jama’a tare da tuhumar cewa dala biliyan 20 ba ta bata daga Kamfanin Man Fetur na [[ Kamfanin Man Fetur na Najeriya|Najeriya]] (NNPC) ba karkashin jagorancin Alison-Madueke. Alison Madueke ta ce Sanusi ya yi zargin ne don ramuwar gayya bayan da ta taimaka masa aka nada a matsayin shugaban bankin ci gaban Afirka (AfDB) tare da yin watsi da zargin. An zarge ta da bayar da kwangiloli na Naira bilyan da yawa ba tare da sakaci kan tsarin da ya dace ba da kuma kashe kudaden gwamnati ba da kulawa ba. da kuma barnatar da biliyoyin [[Naira|nairori da]] ba ta dace ba a cikin jiragen sama masu zaman kansu. A watan Oktoba na shekarar 2009, Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya ta tuhumi Diezani Alison-Madueke da bayar da shawarar gurfanar da dala biliyan 1.2 cikin asusun ajiyar kuɗaɗen kamfanin ba tare da tsari mai inganci ba, kuma ya karya yarjejeniyar sasantawa. Hukumar da ke yaki da masu yi wa tattalin arzikin Najeriya ta’annati ta gurfanar da ita gaban kuliya bisa [[ Hukumar Yaki da Cin Hanci da Rashawa|laifin]] ‘Kudi da Kudi’. A ranar 2 ga Oktoba shekarar 2015, kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters ya ba da rahoton cewa Hukumar Kula da Laifuka ta Kasa (NCA) ta kama Alison-Madueke a Landan, tare da wasu mutane hudu bisa zargin rashawa da aikata laifukan cin hanci da rashawa. Sai dai mai magana da yawun ‘yan sanda ya musanta cewa yana da wani ilimin game da lamarin. Iyalinta da gwamnatin Najeriya sun tabbatar da cewa, an kama ta a Landan, kodayake Hukumar NCA ta ki cewa komai game da karar. Har ila yau a Najeriya, tana da gida a Asokoro, [[Abuja]] da aka kai hari da kuma hatimce ta yaki da cin hanci da jamiái na Najeriya tattalin arzikin Laifukan Hukumar, 'yan sa'o'i bayan ta yi zargin kama a London.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.promptnewsonline.com/n23bn-bribe-efcc-charges-alison-madueke-inec-staff-court/|title=N23bn Bribe: EFCC Charges Alison-Madueke, INEC Staff To Court|date=2017-04-06|work=Prompt News|access-date=2017-07-21|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406222600/http://www.promptnewsonline.com/n23bn-bribe-efcc-charges-alison-madueke-inec-staff-court/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2017/02/27/uk-government-okays-diezani%E2%80%99s-trial-%E2%80%98money-laundering%E2%80%99|title=UK Government Okays Diezani's Trial For 'Money Laundering'|last=siteadmin|date=2017-02-27|website=Sahara Reporters|access-date=2017-07-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thecable.ng/efcc-includes-diezan-n450m-money-laundering-charge|title=EFCC includes Diezani in N450m money laundering charge - TheCable|date=2017-03-13|work=TheCable|access-date=2017-07-21|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/local/frankly-speaking-with-jola-sotubo-panama-papers-will-expose-more-nigerians-id4886802.html|title=Panama Papers will expose more Nigerians|work=pulse.ng|accessdate=1 May 2016|date=7 April 2016|author=Jolo Sobuto|archive-date=12 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512004902/http://pulse.ng/local/frankly-speaking-with-jola-sotubo-panama-papers-will-expose-more-nigerians-id4886802.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="6bill">{{cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/local/diezani-ex-minister-might-have-personally-supervised-stealing-of-6bn-video-id4435328.html|title=Ex-minister might have personally supervised stealing of $6bn [VIDEO]|author=Jolo Sobuto|work=pulse.ng|accessdate=1 May 2016|date=7 December 2015|archive-date=7 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507110212/http://pulse.ng/local/diezani-ex-minister-might-have-personally-supervised-stealing-of-6bn-video-id4435328.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title='Nigeria was losing $1bn a month under Jonathan,' Emir says [VIDEO]|url=http://pulse.ng/local/sanusi-lamido-nigeria-was-losing-1bn-a-month-under-jonathan-emir-says-video-id4434634.html|author=Jola Sobutu|date=7 December 2015|accessdate=1 May 2016|work=pulse.ng|archive-date=17 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417085840/http://pulse.ng/local/sanusi-lamido-nigeria-was-losing-1bn-a-month-under-jonathan-emir-says-video-id4434634.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/how-a-cancer-of-corruption-steals-nigerian-oil-weapons-and-lives/|title=How a cancer of corruption steals Nigerian oil, weapons and lives|author=Nick Schifrin|date=2 December 2015|work=PBS NewsHour|accessdate=1 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="BBC">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-34430597|title=Nigeria's ex-oil minister 'arrested in London'|work=BBC.com|date=2 October 2015|accessdate=2 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-nigeria-arrests-idUKKCN0RZ1XN20151005|title=UK crime agency authorised to seize cash from Nigeria ex-oil minister - court|agency=Reuters|date=5 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016|archive-date=17 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817154443/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-nigeria-arrests-idUKKCN0RZ1XN20151005|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-10-05/nigeria-s-former-oil-minister-alison-madueke-arrested-in-u-k-|title=Nigeria's Former Oil Minister Alison-Madueke Arrested in U.K.|publisher=Bloomberg News|date=5 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/news/718-international-corruption-unit-arrests|title=International Corruption Unit arrests|publisher=UK National Crime Agency|date=2 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016|archive-date=3 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803115306/http://nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/news/718-international-corruption-unit-arrests|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailypost.ng/2015/10/05/identities-of-those-arrested-along-with-diezani-revealed/|title=Identities of those arrested along with Diezani revealed|newspaper=Daily Post|date=5 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016}}</ref>.<ref name="datahq">{{cite web|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/02/us-nigeria-oil-arrest-idUSKCN0RW21020151002|title=Nigeria's ex-oil minister Alison-Madueke arrested in London: sources|date=3 October 2015|access-date=16 May 2020|archive-date=6 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006025642/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/02/us-nigeria-oil-arrest-idUSKCN0RW21020151002|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/190949-efcc-seals-abuja-home-of-former-nigerian-minister-alison-madueke.html|title=EFCC seals Abuja home of former Nigerian minister, Alison-Madueke|publisher=Premium Times|date=2 October 2015|accessdate=15 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Udo, Bassey|title=Missing $20bn: Alison-Madueke sues PREMIUM TIMES, APC, 9 others|date=18 March 2015|newspaper=The Premium Times|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/178649-missing-20bn-alison-madueke-sues-premium-times-apc-9-others.html|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6XzDjqynH?url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/178649-missing-20bn-alison-madueke-sues-premium-times-apc-9-others.html|archivedate=22 April 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref><ref name="Saga-1">{{Cite news|title=The Diezani Allison-Madueke Saga: Another Private Jet Uncovered!|date=26 March 2014|newspaper=Bella Naija|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/03/26/nigerias-petroleum-minister-accused-of-squandering-over-n10-billion-on-private-jets/|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6XzC5i8uc?url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/03/26/nigerias-petroleum-minister-accused-of-squandering-over-n10-billion-on-private-jets/|archivedate=22 April 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigerian Senate probes mystery govt payments|date=27 June 2008|newspaper=Mail & Guardian|location=South Africa|url=http://www.mg.co.za/article/2008-06-27-nigerian-senate-probes-mystery-govt-payments|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6XzCLsmkr?url=http://mg.co.za/article/2008-06-27-nigerian-senate-probes-mystery-govt-payments|archivedate=22 April 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref><ref name="Saga-1" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/10/n10bn-jet-scandal-court-okays-allison-madueke-nnpcs-amended-suit-reps/|title=N10bn Jet Scandal: Court okays Allison-Madueke, NNPC's amended suit against Reps|date=2014-10-21|website=Vanguard News|access-date=2017-07-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/08/nigeria-seizes-21m-linked-diezani-alison-madueke-170828185617954.html|title=Nigeria seizes $21m linked to Diezani Alison-Madueke|date=29 August 2017|publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.africanews.com/2017/08/29/21m-of-ex-nigerian-oil-minister-seized-protesters-demand-her-extradition/|title=$21m of ex-Nigerian oil minister seized, protesters demand her extradition|date=29 August 2017|publisher=africanews}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=N300bn TRANSPORTATION contractS:Senate report indicts Anenih, Okonjo-Iweala, Ciroma|date=12 October 2009|newspaper=Vanguard News|location=Lagos, Nigeria|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/10/12/n300bn-transportation-contractssenate-report-indicts-anenih-okonjo-iweala-ciroma/comment-page-8/|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6XzGue90U?url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/10/n300bn-transportation-contractssenate-report-indicts-anenih-okonjo-iweala-ciroma/|archivedate=22 April 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.ng/metro/breaking-news-diezani-alison-madueke-arrested-in-london/|access-date=16 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815110151/https://www.thenews.ng/metro/breaking-news-diezani-alison-madueke-arrested-in-london/|archive-date=15 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="datahq" />. == Lafiya == Alison-Madueke ta bayyana cewa a yayin da take ofishi, ta sha fama da cutar sankarar mama a cikin [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]]. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/10/cancer-pray-for-me-diezani-begs-nigerians/|title=Cancer: Pray for me, Diezani begs Nigerians|author=Clifford Ndujihe|date=10 October 2015|accessdate=10 October 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|url=http://saharareporters.com/2015/06/06/former-petroleum-minister-alison-madueke-undergoing-breast-cancer-treatment|title=Former Petroleum Minister, Alison-Madueke, Undergoing Breast Cancer Treatment|date=6 June 2015|accessdate=10 October 2015}}</ref> .<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/10/cancer-pray-for-me-diezani-begs-nigerians/|title=Cancer: Pray for me, Diezani begs Nigerians|author=Clifford Ndujihe|date=10 October 2015|accessdate=10 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://saharareporters.com/2015/06/06/former-petroleum-minister-alison-madueke-undergoing-breast-cancer-treatment|title=Former Petroleum Minister, Alison-Madueke, Undergoing Breast Cancer Treatment|date=6 June 2015|accessdate=10 October 2015}}</ref> == See == == Duba nan == * [[ Jerin mutane daga Port Harcourt|Jerin mutane daga Port Harcourt]] * [[ Jerin yan Najeriya|Jerin yan Najeriya]] <ref>{{Cite book|title=The Oxford handbook of late antiquity|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/662410333|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2012|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-533693-1|oclc=662410333|others=Johnson, Scott Fitzgerald, 1976-}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> == Bibiliyo == * ''The Oxford handbook of late antiquity''. Johnson, Scott Fitzgerald, 1976-. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2012. [[International Standard Book Number|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-19-533693-1|978-0-19-533693-1]]. [[OCLC]]&nbsp;662410333. kow557955tn70qpn25ttcs9tyjrz6yq 0 13903 549866 549093 2024-12-01T22:18:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Bimbo Ademoye in Sugar Rush - cropped.png|thumb|Bimbo Ademoye]] '''Bimbo Ademoye''' '(An haife ta a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 1991) yar wasan fim ce ta Najeriya. A cikin shekarar( 2018) an zaɓe ta don Mafi kyawun ressan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin jerin Comedy / TV a Zaɓaɓɓun Masu Ra'ayoyi na Afirka na Magic don Zaɓar Aiki don rawar da ta taka a cikin fim ɗin ''Ajiyayyen na shekara ta'' (2017).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/life/complete-list-of-winners-for-the-2018-amvca/|title=Complete List Of Winners For The 2018 AMVCA|last=AGBO|first=NJIDEKA|date=2018-09-01|website=Guardian|access-date=2019-02-08|archive-date=2020-10-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013202725/https://guardian.ng/life/complete-list-of-winners-for-the-2018-amvca/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == Ademoye an haife ta a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu, shekarar, 1991, a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Ta samu makarantar sakandare ne daga Makarantar Mayflower kuma dalibi ce ta [[ Jami'ar Alkawari|Jami’ar]] Co [[ Jami'ar Alkawari|alkawari]] inda ta yi karatun Harkokin Kasuwanci. A wata hirar da tayi da jaridar ''[[ The Punch|The Punch]]'', ta ce ta samu uba daya da ya goyi bayan sana’ar da ta zaba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/my-dad-took-me-to-my-first-audition-bimbo-ademoye/|title=My dad took me to my first audition – Bimbo Ademoye|date=2018-09-16|website=The Punch|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name="thisday">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/02/09/bimbo-ademoye-marks-birthday-in-style/|title=Bimbo Ademoye Marks Birthday in Style|website=ThisDay|access-date=2019-02-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghafla.com/ng/actress-bimbo-ademoye-celebrates-her-birthday-with-stunning-photos/|title=Actress Bimbo Ademoye celebrates her birthday with stunning photos|date=2019-02-09|access-date=2019-02-09|archive-date=2020-10-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013202826/http://www.ghafla.com/ng/actress-bimbo-ademoye-celebrates-her-birthday-with-stunning-photos/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == [[Fayil:Bimbo Ademoye in Sugar Rush - cropped.png|thumb|Bimbo Ademoye]] A wata hira da ''jaridar Daily Independent'', ta ce aikinta ya fara ne a shekarar (2014) lokacin da aka jefar da ita a cikin [[ Short fim|gajeren fim]] ''Inda Talent Lies'' . Fim din ya karɓi kasidu daga bikin nuna fina-finai na duniya na Afirka . Ta bayyana [[ Uduak Isong|Uduak Isong]] a matsayin mashawarta, wanda ya taimaka mata ta samu shiga harkar.<ref name="thisday2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/02/09/bimbo-ademoye-marks-birthday-in-style/|title=Bimbo Ademoye Marks Birthday in Style|website=ThisDay|access-date=2019-02-11}}</ref><ref name="nation">{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/bimbo-ademoye-ill-never-lobby-to-win-awards/|title=BIMBO ADEMOYE: I’ll never lobby to win awards|last=AYINLA-OLASUKANMI|first=DUPE|date=November 10, 2018|website=The Nation|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name="pt">{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/254580-five-nollywood-stars-watch-2018.html|title=Five Nollywood stars to watch out for in 2018|last=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=2018-01-05|website=Premium Times|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name="bon">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bon-awards-2018-mercy-aigbe-tana-adelana-shine-at-10th-edition/v9fvvnn|title=BON Awards 2018: Mercy Aigbe, Tana Adelana shine at 10th edition|last=Bada|first=Gbenga|date=2018-12-12|website=Pulse|access-date=2019-02-11}}</ref> A shekarar (2015) an jefa ta a fim dinta na farko mai suna ''Its About Your Husband'', wanda Isong shi ma ya samar. A cikin rubutun na shekara ta (2018) da jaridar ''Premium Times ta'' buga, an lissafa Ademoye a matsayin daya daga cikin ‘yan wasan kwaikwayo guda biyar wadanda aka yi hasashen za su kuma iya samun nasarorin aiki kafin karshen shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/nea-2018-omotola-jalade-funke-akindele-and-odunlade-adekola-nominated-for-nigerian/e3khb67|title=Omotola Jalade, Funke Akindele and Odunlade Adekola nominated for Nigerian Entertainment Awards|website=Pulse|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name="di">{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.ng/dont-enjoy-single/|title=I Don’t Enjoy Being Single – Bimbo Ademoye|date=2017-11-25|website=Daily Independent|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name="na">{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/working-with-stella-boosted-my-morale-bimbo-ademoye/|title=Working with Stella boosted my morale, Bimbo Ademoye|last=Adesanya|first=Samuel|date=April 24, 2018|website=Nation|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/nominees-for-2018-city-people-movie-awards-full-list/|title=Nominees For 2018 City People Movie Awards [FULL LIST]|date=2018-09-08|website=City People|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/between-bimbo-ademoye-and-isong-uduak-oguamanam/|title=BETWEEN BIMBO ADEMOYE AND ISONG UDUAK OGUAMANAM|date=December 7, 2018|website=City People|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name="di" /> A watan Afrilun shekara ta (2018) ta ba da labari tare da [[ Stella Damasus|Stella Damasus]] a ''Gone'', wanda Daniel Ademinokan ya jagoranta. Ta bayyana yin aiki tare da Damasus a matsayin wani lokaci mai motsa sha'awa na rayuwarta. A cikin shekara ta (2018) City People Movie Awards, an zaɓe ta don Ru'ya ta Yohanna, the New New Actress and Best Soyayya mai zuwa. Matsayinta a cikin ''Ajiyayyen Wife'' kuma ya sami nata zaɓi na Mafi kyawun Jagoranci a shekarar (2018) Nigeria Entertainment Awards . An karɓi wanda aka zaɓa guda biyu a Kyauta mafi kyawun Nollywood na shekarar (2018) don rawar da ta taka a cikin ''Mataimakin Na sirri'', ta lashe kyautar don Mafi kyawun ressan wasan Aiki mai Tallafi da samun zaɓi ga Mafi kyawun Kiss a Fim. Ademoye shima ya bayyana shi a matsayin shahararren gumaka wanda wasu kafofin yada labarai suka bayyana shi.<ref name="zumi">{{Cite web|url=https://www.zumi.ng/fashion/why-bimbo-ademoye-is-the-underrated-style-star-we-all-need-to-watch/|title=Why Bimbo Ademoye Is The Underrated Style Star We All Need To Watch|last=OBIUWEVBI|first=JENNIFER|date=2018-12-10|website=Zumi|access-date=2019-02-08|archive-date=2019-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124535/https://www.zumi.ng/fashion/why-bimbo-ademoye-is-the-underrated-style-star-we-all-need-to-watch/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/10-hot-new-nollywood-divas-to-look-out-for.html|title=10 hot, new Nollywood divas to look out for|last=Matazu|first=Hafsah Abubakar|website=Daily Trust Newspaper|access-date=2019-02-09|archive-date=2019-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209131206/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/10-hot-new-nollywood-divas-to-look-out-for.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fina finai == * ''Girlfriends'' (2019) * ''The Family'' (2019) * ''Kamsi'' (2018) * ''Getting Over Him'' (2018) * ''Light in the Dark'' (2018) * ''Personal Assistant'' (2018) * ''Desperate Housegirls'' * ''Gone'' (2018) * ''Last Days'' * ''The Backup Wife'' * ''Diary of a Crazy Nigerian Woman'' * ''It's About Your Husband'' * ''Charmed'' * ''Rofia Tailor Loran'' * ''[[:en:This_Is_It_(TV_series)|This Is It]]'' (2016) * ''Looking for Baami'' (2019) * ''Special Package'' (2019) * ''[[:en:Dear_Affy|Dear Affy]]'' (2020) * ''Reach (2020)<ref name="pt2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/254580-five-nollywood-stars-watch-2018.html|title=Five Nollywood stars to watch out for in 2018|last=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=2018-01-05|website=Premium Times|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name="nation2">{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/bimbo-ademoye-ill-never-lobby-to-win-awards/|title=BIMBO ADEMOYE: I’ll never lobby to win awards|last=AYINLA-OLASUKANMI|first=DUPE|date=November 10, 2018|website=The Nation|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name="pt2" /><ref name="zumi2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.zumi.ng/fashion/why-bimbo-ademoye-is-the-underrated-style-star-we-all-need-to-watch/|title=Why Bimbo Ademoye Is The Underrated Style Star We All Need To Watch|last=OBIUWEVBI|first=JENNIFER|date=2018-12-10|website=Zumi|access-date=2019-02-08|archive-date=2019-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124535/https://www.zumi.ng/fashion/why-bimbo-ademoye-is-the-underrated-style-star-we-all-need-to-watch/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="na2">{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/working-with-stella-boosted-my-morale-bimbo-ademoye/|title=Working with Stella boosted my morale, Bimbo Ademoye|last=Adesanya|first=Samuel|date=April 24, 2018|website=Nation|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name="pt2" /><ref name="zumi2" /><ref name="thisday3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/02/09/bimbo-ademoye-marks-birthday-in-style/|title=Bimbo Ademoye Marks Birthday in Style|website=ThisDay|access-date=2019-02-11}}</ref><ref name="bon2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bon-awards-2018-mercy-aigbe-tana-adelana-shine-at-10th-edition/v9fvvnn|title=BON Awards 2018: Mercy Aigbe, Tana Adelana shine at 10th edition|last=Bada|first=Gbenga|date=2018-12-12|website=Pulse|access-date=2019-02-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/getting-over-him-bimbo-ademoye-deyemi-okanlawon-monalisa-chinda-attend-premiere/89zjkjp|title=Bimbo Ademoye, Deyemi Okanlawon, Monalisa Chinda attend premiere [Photos]|date=January 23, 2018|website=Pulse|access-date=2019-02-09|archive-date=2021-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022170356/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/getting-over-him-bimbo-ademoye-deyemi-okanlawon-monalisa-chinda-attend-premiere/89zjkjp|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/kabat-esosa-egbon-cast-bimbo-ademoye-rekiya-yusuf-for-girlfriends/t1q7pse|title=Kabat Esosa Egbon cast Bimbo Ademoye, Rekiya Yusuf, for a new movie, ‘Girlfriends’|last=Bada|first=Gbenga|access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/02/get-the-scoop-on-judith-audus-new-film-the-family-starring-tina-mba-bimbo-ademoye-mofe-duncan-omowunmi-dada-beverly-osu/|title=Get the Scoop on Judith Audu’s New Film "The Family" starring Tina Mba, Bimbo Ademoye, Mofe Duncan, Omowunmi Dada, Beverly Osu|date=2019-02-05|website=BellaNaija|access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref>'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1991]] mbw2zfqxano81haybg2zgpakqi9bxtv 0 13909 549970 530317 2024-12-02T04:14:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Eniola Badmus.jpg|thumb|Eniola Badmus]] '''Eniola Badmus''', (an haife ta a ranar 7 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1983) yar wasan [[Ɗan wasa|finafinan]] Najeriya ce. Ta fara fitowa a cikin shekarar, 2008 bayan fitowar ta a fim din ''Jenifa''. <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.naij.com/70215.html|title=Can Never Go Nude, Even For $1 Million – Eniola Badmus|work=[[Naij]]|date=25 July 2014|accessdate=1 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailytimes.ng/much-ado-about-eniola-badmus-real-age/|title=Much Ado about Eniola Badmus Real Age|work=[[Daily Times of Nigeria]]|last=Oni|first=Iyanu|date=|accessdate=29 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/01/average-man-without-body-mouth-odour-eniola-badmus/|title=An average man but without body or mouth odour — Eniola Badmus|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|date=24 January 2015|accessdate=1 June 2016}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == [[File:Ayo Adesanya (cropped).png|thumb|Eniola Badmus]] An haifi Eniola Badmus ne a jihar Legas [[Nijeriya|Nigeria]] tana da ilimin ta na asali da na sakandare a Ijebu Ode. Ta cigaba zuwa [[ Jami’ar Ibadan|Jami'ar Ibadan]] inda ta karanci wasan kwaikwayo, sannan jami'ar jihar Legas inda ta kammala karatun digiri na M.Sc a [[ Tattalin arziki|fannin tattalin arziki]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2015/09/eniola-badmus-10-quick-facts-about-your-favourite-plus-size-actress/|title=Eniola Badmus: 10 quick facts about your favourite plus-size actress|work=[[Nigerian Entertainment Today]]|last=Badmus|first=Kayode|date=8 September 2015|accessdate=1 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://biographyroom.com/eniola-badmus-biographyagemovies-profile/|title=Eniola Badmus Biography,Age,Movies & Profile|publisher=BiographyRoom|last=Badmus|first=Kayode|date=22 December 2015|accessdate=1 June 2016|archive-date=3 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503143113/http://biographyroom.com/eniola-badmus-biographyagemovies-profile/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == [[Fayil:Ronke Oshodi Oke.png|thumb|Eniola Badmus]] Eniola Badmus ta yi aiki a Mukaddashin sana'a ta fara a cikin shekara ta, 2000 sai a shekara ta, 2008 a lokacin da ta harbe zuwa fitarwa bisa starring a biyu [[Yarbanci|Yoruba]] fina-finan mai taken ''Jenifa'' da ''Omo duhun kai.'' Ta taka muhimmiyar rawar gani a fitowar da ta yi a wadannan fina-finai guda biyu a masana'antar nishadi ta Najeriya, wadda kuma tun a wancan lokacin tauraruwar ta fara haskawa a matsayin jagora da kuma yadda aka rika nuna goyon bayan rawar da ta rika takawa a cikin fina-finan Yarbawa da [[Turanci|Turanci da]] yawa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://naijagists.com/eniola-badmus-biography-profile-movies-life-history/|title=Eniola Badmus Biography, Profile, Movies & Life History|publisher=NaijaGists|date=3 October 2012|accessdate=1 June 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|title=Eniola Badmus Speaks On Her Rumoured Death|url=https://www.042coded.com.ng/viral-news/eniola-badmus-speaks-on-her-rumoured-death/|website=042coded.com.ng|publisher=Passstyle Onyeka|accessdate=12 April 2019|archive-date=12 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412042555/https://www.042coded.com.ng/viral-news/eniola-badmus-speaks-on-her-rumoured-death/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/11/cant-party-without-alcohol-eniola-badmus/|title=I can’t have a party without alcohol — Eniola Badmus|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|last=Sholola|first=Damilola|date=9 November 2014|accessdate=1 June 2016}}</ref> <br /> == Fina finai == * ''Jenifa'' * ''Angelina'' * ''Village Babes'' * ''Oreke Temi'' * ''Blackberry Babes'' * ''Mr. & Mrs Ibu'' * ''Wicked Step-mother'' * ''Child Seller'' * ''Adun Ewuro'' * ''Visa Lottery'' * ''Ojukwu the War Lord'' * ''Police Academy'' * ''Not My Queen'' * ''Battle for Justice'' * ''Miss Fashio'' ** ''Eefa'' ** ''Omo Esu'' ** ''" Black Val"'' ** ''GhettoBred'' ** ''Househelp'' ** ''Karma'' ** ''Big Offer'' ** ''Jenifa'' ** ''Omo-Ghetto'' ** ''Daluchi'' ** ''Funke'' ** ''Miracle'' ** ''The-Spell'' ** ''Oshaprapra'' == Yajejiniya akan aiki == A watan Maris na shekarar, 2016, an bayyana Eniola Badmus a matsayin jakadan kamfanin sadarwa ta [[ Etisalat|Etisalat]] . * Western Lotto * Indomine<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/04/nollywood-actress-eniola-badmus-joins-olamide-and-ice-prince-as-etisalat-ambassador/|title=Nollywood actress, Eniola Badmus joins Olamide and Ice Prince as Etisalat ambassador|work=[[Nigerian Entertainment Today]]|last=Showemimo|first=Adedayo|date=11 April 2016|accessdate=29 June 2016}}</ref> * Peak milk == Kyaututtuka da lamban girma == Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo na birni, a shekara ta, 2017 Mafi kyawun 'yar wasa a shekara ta, 2018 (sizearin girman satin Afirka na mako) {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Lamban girma !Kyauta !Sakamako !Ref !Bayanai |- |2010 |2010 Best of Nollywood Awards |Best Actress in a Supporting Role |Nominated | | rowspan="6" |— |- | rowspan="2" |2011 | rowspan="2" |2011 Best of Nollywood Awards |Best Actress in a Leading Role (Yoruba) |Nominated | |- |Best Crossover in a Film |Won | |- |2012 |2012 Best of Nollywood Awards |Best Supporting Actress in a Yoruba film |Nominated | |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |City People Entertainment Awards 2014 |Best Actress of the Year (Yoruba) |Won | |- |2014 Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards | rowspan="2" |Best Comedic Act |Nominated | |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |2015 Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards |Won | |with Akpororo |- |2015 Black Entertainment Film Fashion Television and Arts |Best Actress in Africa |Won | |— |} <ref>{{cite web|url=http://119.82.71.176/weekly/index.php/entertainment/4644-nollywood-stars-share-limelight-at-2010-awards|title=Nollywood stars share limelight at 2010 awards|work=Media Trust|date=25 December 2010|accessdate=1 June 2016|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611110504/http://119.82.71.176/weekly/index.php/entertainment/4644-nollywood-stars-share-limelight-at-2010-awards|archivedate=11 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://modernghana.com/movie/15069/the-big-fights-in-this-years-bon-awards.html|title=The Big Fights In This Year’s BON Awards|work=Modern Ghana|last=Ehi James|first=Osaremen|date=3 November 2011|accessdate=1 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/bon-awards-2011-and-the-winners-are-id2500811.html|title=BON Awards 2011: And the Winners Are....|work=Pulse Nigeria|author=Pulse Mix|date=16 November 2011|accessdate=1 June 2016|archive-date=30 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630135125/http://pulse.ng/movies/bon-awards-2011-and-the-winners-are-id2500811.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://africamagic.dstv.com/2012/11/13/the-bon-award-winners-announced/|title=The BON award winners announced|work=[[Africa Magic]]|last=Agunanna|first=Chilee|date=13 November 2012|accessdate=1 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806231735/http://africamagic.dstv.com/2012/11/13/the-bon-award-winners-announced/|archive-date=6 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/gist/she-is-the-best-eniola-badmus-wins-city-peoples-best-actress-of-year-yoruba-id2934744.html|title=She Is The Best Eniola Badmus Wins City People's Best Actress of Year (Yoruba)|work=Pulse Nigeria|last=Dachen|first=Isaac|date=23 June 2014|accessdate=1 June 2016|archive-date=30 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630135208/http://pulse.ng/gist/she-is-the-best-eniola-badmus-wins-city-peoples-best-actress-of-year-yoruba-id2934744.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://koko.ng/eniola-badmuss-biography-age-net-worth-husband-children/|title=Eniola Badmus’s Biography, Age, Net Worth, Husband, Education, Children, Awards|publisher=Koko Tv|date=8 August 2012|accessdate=1 June 2016|archive-date=4 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504091813/https://koko.ng/eniola-badmuss-biography-age-net-worth-husband-children/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/10/1st-photos-winners-jim-iyke-clarion-chukwurah-eniola-badmus-rita-dominic-more-at-the-2015-golden-icons-academy-movie-awards-giama/|title=Photos & Winners! Jim Iyke, Clarion Chukwurah, Eniola Badmus, Rita Dominic & More at the 2015 Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards (GIAMA)|work=[[BellaNaija]]|date=20 October 2015|accessdate=1 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.informationng.com/2015/11/eniola-badmus-wins-2nd-international-award-in-a-row.html|title=Eniola Badmus Wins 2nd International Award In A Row|work=Information Nigeria|author=Tolu|date=2 November 2015|accessdate=1 June 2016}}</ref>. == Manazarta == <references /> [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1983]] plxzxbjb9964kqto2neghy91rtznyt6 0 13946 550359 337719 2024-12-02T11:07:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ini Dima-Okojie''' '(an haife ta a ranar 24 ga watan Yuni shekara ta 1997) yar wasan fim ce a [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]], kuma ta kasance ma'aikaciyar banki.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/06/ini-dima-okojie-my-husband-is-chris-hemsworth/|title=Ini Dima-Okojie ‘My husband is Chris Hemsworth’}}</ref>. == Farkon ruyawa da ilimi == Dima-Okojie wacce 'yar asalin jihar [[Edo]] ce, an haife ta kuma ta girma a cikin garin Legas, a ranar 24 ga watan Yuni, shekarar, 1990 Ta sami digirin digirgin dinta ne na kasa da kasa daga Jami'ar Co alkawari kuma ta dauki darasi a Kwalejin Fim ta New York.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://encomium.ng/why-i-quit-my-banking-job-ini-dima-okojie/|title=‘Why I quit my banking job’ – INI DIMA-OKOJIE}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://punchng.com/acting-is-not-easy-ini-dima-okojie/|title=Acting is not easy – Ini Dima-Okojie|date=January 7, 2018|website=Punch|access-date=2018-07-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/06/birthday-girl-ini-dima-okojie-spent-day-underserved-kids-%f0%9f%92%95/|title=Birthday Girl Ini Dima-Okojie spent her day with these Underserved Kids ?|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2018-06-24|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-17}}</ref>. == Aikin fim == [[File:Ini Dima-Okojie on Ndanitv 2019.png|thumb|Ini Dima-Okojie]] Dima-Okojie ta yi murabus daga aikinta a masana'antar hada-hadar kudade wato Banki, don neman aiki a masana'antar fim na Nollywood. Fim ɗin fim ɗin nata ya fara ne a cikin shekarar, 2014 lokacin da ta yi wasa "Feyisayo Pepple" a cikin jerin talabijin, ''Taste of Love'' . A shekarar, 2016, ta buga fim din "Hadiza Ahmed" a cikin fim din ''Arewa maso Gabas'' ; halinta mace ce ta musulinci wacce ta fara soyayya da wani mutumin da ya fito daga addinin daban. Ga rawar da ta taka a fim din, an zabe ta ne a matsayin Mafi kyawun mata a fagen tallafawa a bikin bayar da Kyautar Nishadi na Najeriya na shekarar, 2017. An kuma zabi Dima-Okojie don ressaunar ressarfafa atarwar atan Wasan Kwaikwayo a [[ Kyautar 'Yan Matan Garin|City People Awards]] a lokaci guda. Hakanan an san Dima-Okojie tana da kyakkyawar ma'ana ta zamani,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/city-people-releases-nomination-list-2017-movie-awards/|title=CITY PEOPLE RELEASES NOMINATION LIST FOR 2017 MOVIE AWARDS|last=reporter|date=September 8, 2017|website=citypeopleonline.com|access-date=2017-12-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tooxclusive.com.ng/2017/07/nigerian-entertainment-awards-nea-2017-full-nominations-list/|title=NEA 2017 full nomination list|last=admin|date=July 2017|website=tooxclusive.com.ng|access-date=2017-12-24|archive-date=2017-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225092344/https://tooxclusive.com.ng/2017/07/nigerian-entertainment-awards-nea-2017-full-nominations-list/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="pulsee">{{Cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/ini-dima-okojie-the-pretty-dashing-actress-id7694458.html|title=Ini Dima-Okojie, the pretty, dashing actress|last=Odion|first=Okoniofa|date=December 7, 2017|website=Pulse|access-date=2017-12-24|archive-date=2017-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225035231/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/ini-dima-okojie-the-pretty-dashing-actress-id7694458.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="cable2">{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/style-focus-ini-dima-okojie/|title=STYLE FOCUS: Ini Dima-Okojie — fabulously chic and downright classy|date=June 19, 2017|website=Cable|access-date=2017-12-24}}</ref> tare da Pulse Nigeria da wasu kafofin watsa labarai suka baiyana mata a matsayin daya daga cikin shahararrun mashahuri a Najeriya.<ref name="pulsee2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/ini-dima-okojie-the-pretty-dashing-actress-id7694458.html|title=Ini Dima-Okojie, the pretty, dashing actress|last=Odion|first=Okoniofa|date=December 7, 2017|website=Pulse|access-date=2017-12-24|archive-date=2017-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225035231/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/ini-dima-okojie-the-pretty-dashing-actress-id7694458.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>http://thenet.ng/photos-proof-ini-dima-okojie-invented-colour-blue/</ref><ref name="cable3">{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/style-focus-ini-dima-okojie/|title=STYLE FOCUS: Ini Dima-Okojie — fabulously chic and downright classy|date=June 19, 2017|website=Cable|access-date=2017-12-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/11/find-5-things-didnt-know-ini-dima-okojie/|title=Find Out 5 Things You Didn’t Know about Ini Dima-Okojie!|website=[[BellaNaija]]|access-date=2017-12-28}}</ref> A shekara ta, 2017, an zabe ta don kyautar kyaututtukan nan ta ' The Future Awards' saboda aikinta. Dima-Okojie ta ambaci [[ Majid Michel|Majid Michel]] da Richard Mofe-Damijo a matsayin manyan jarumai mata na [[ Nollywood|Nollywood]] .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ini-dima-okojie-my-top-5-nollywood-actors-video-id4138574.html|title=My top 5 Nollywood actors [Video]|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|date=September 4, 2015|website=Pulse|access-date=2017-12-24|archive-date=2017-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225093359/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ini-dima-okojie-my-top-5-nollywood-actors-video-id4138574.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ini-dima-okoji-i-ll-keep-working-till-my-name-is-on-everybody-s-lips-id4169945.html|title=I’ll keep working till my name is on everybody’s lips|date=August 15, 2015|website=Pulse|access-date=2017-12-28|archive-date=2017-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229001757/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ini-dima-okoji-i-ll-keep-working-till-my-name-is-on-everybody-s-lips-id4169945.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta fito a jerin 'Yan wasan Najeriya 7 na Nollywood na shekarar, 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/top-7-nollywood-actresses-of-the-year-2017-id7717716.html|title=Top 7 Nollywood actresses of the year|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|date=December 12, 2017|website=Pulse|access-date=2017-12-30|archive-date=2017-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231053237/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/top-7-nollywood-actresses-of-the-year-2017-id7717716.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>. == Fina finai == * ''Taste of Love'' (2014) * ''Skinny Girl in Transit'' (2015 - 2017) * ''Desperate Housewives Africa'' (2015) * ''It's Her Day'' (2016) * ''North East'' (2016) * ''The Royal Hibiscus Hotel'' (2017) * ''Death Toll'' * ''Bad Hair Day'' * ''A Bone To Pick'' * ''The Following Day'' * ''Vanity Last Game'' (by MNet)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://www.360nobs.com/2017/04/joke-silva-oga-bello-ini-dima-okojie-star-femi-odugbemis-battleground/ |access-date=2020-05-21 |archive-date=2018-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316023118/https://www.360nobs.com/2017/04/joke-silva-oga-bello-ini-dima-okojie-star-femi-odugbemis-battleground/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. * ''Battleground'' * ''5ive'' * ''Sylvia'' (2018) * ''Funke!'' (2018) * ''Oga! Pastor'' (2019)<ref>http://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2016/11/newseriesalert-thoughts-5ive-series.html</ref>. == Hotuna == <gallery> File:Ini Dima-Okojie on Ndanitv April 2019.png File:Ini-Dima Okojie Nov 2017.png File:Ini Dima-Okojie on NdaniTV on 10 August 2018 (cropped).png File:Following day film Ini Dima-Okojie.png File:Ini Dima-Okojie on Ndanitv 2019.png File:Ini Dima-Okojie on 37 Questions on Ndanitv 2019.png </gallery> == Manazarta == qiqnvyslrc53lf1c6yvex3q5i0i5qw8 0 13985 549516 548028 2024-12-01T16:17:43Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo for 549516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Kiki Omeili at Future Africa in 2016.png|thumb|'''Kiki Omeili at Future Africa in 2016''']] [[Fayil:Kiki Omeili at Future Africa in 2016.png|thumb|Kiki Omeili]] '''Nkiruka 'Kiki' Omeili '''' yar wasan kwaikwayo ce a [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]], wacce aka fi sani da '''Lovette''', saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin Lovette a jerin ''matan Lekki'' . An kuma san ta ne saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin mai lambar yabo a cikin Crime caper, Gbomo Gbomo Express na shekara ta, 2015, ''Gbomo Gbomo Express'' tare da Gideon Okeke . tana daya daga cikin fitattun yan wasan Nollywood dake Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/new-drama-series-lekki-wives-makes-online-debut/|title=Lekki Wives makes Debut|last=Agbo|first=Dennis|date=3 February 2013|work=National Mirror|accessdate=14 November 2013|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=6 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130206082910/http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/new-drama-series-lekki-wives-makes-online-debut/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa == [[File:Kiki at Lekki Wives Shoot.jpg|thumb|Kiki Omeili]] An kuma haifi Omeili a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]],an haife ta a ranar 31 ga watan Mayu a shekarar, 1980 kuma shi ne na biyu cikin 'ya'ya huɗu na Charles da Maureen Omeili. Ita 'yar asalin kabilar Igbo ce daga Nimo a [[Anambra|jihar Anambra]] . Mahaifinta Charles ma'aikaciyar banki ce da [[First Bank (Nijeriya)|First Bank]] Nigeria kuma ta yi ritaya a matsayin babban manaja, yayin da mahaifiyarta Maureen ita ce mai kula da gidajen fursunoni a [[Ibadan]], [[Oyo (jiha)|Jihar Oyo]], Najeriya. Omeili fara yin a mataki na taka duk ta hanyar ta makarantun firamare da sakandare da shekaru. Wannan ya ci gaba lokacin da ta shiga cikin jami'a yayin da take memba a kungiyar wasan kwaikwayo kuma ta yi rawar gani a yawancin abubuwan samarwa da kuma kasancewa cikin gasa da yawa. A shekarar, 2006, ta samu takardar digiri a fannin likitanci daga Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Jami’ar Legas .<ref>{{cite web|first=AKEEM|last=LASIS|date=12 May 2012|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/kiki-omeili-from-lab-coat-to-costume/|title=Kiki Omeili: From Lab Coat to Costumes|work=The Punch Newspaper|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=26 May 2020|archive-date=28 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928221309/http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/kiki-omeili-from-lab-coat-to-costume/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Akkin fim == A cikin shekarar, 2011, Omeili auditioned kuma ya sami matsayin Debbie a cikin jerin talabijin "A bayan Smile". A shekarar, 2012, ta hada kai da darakta na "Behind the Smile", Tunde Olaoye, don yin fim a fim din farko da ta fara "An kuma yi aure amma ba ta da aure" inda ta yi aiki tare da Funke Akindele, Joseph Benjamin, Femi Brainard da Joke Silva . Omeili ya sami matsayi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV da yawa ciki har da "Kwarin Tsakanin", "NESREA Watch", "Matan Lekki" da "Al'adun Gidi".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/lekki-wives-auditions-hold-today/|title=Lekki Wives Audition Holds Today|last=Oogbodo|first=Oseyiza|date=31 August 2013|work=National Mirror|accessdate=14 November 2013|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=3 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903053852/http://nationalmirroronline.net/new/lekki-wives-auditions-hold-today/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pmnewsnigeria.com/2012/05/14/sola-kosoko-in-the-valley-between/|title=The Valley Between|last=Adetu|first=Bayo|date=14 May 2012|work=PM Newspapers|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Dance 234|url=http://www.supplemagazine.org/kiki-omeili-the-captivating-new-nollywood-diva.html|title=Kiki Omeili hosts Dance 234&#124;}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pmnewsnigeria.com/2012/05/21/married-but-living-single-to-premiere-on-sunday/|title=Married but Living Single Premieres&#124;}}</ref> Yana neman matsayinta game da ayyukanta, a shekarar, 2011 Omeili ta karbi bakuncin wasan kwaikwayo na Dance TV TV mai suna "Dance 234", samar da nishaɗin Koga. Omeili ya kuma dauki bakuncin sashen kiwon lafiya akan wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo na safiyar yau Asabar wanda ake kira "Balaguro Life" kuma yana rubuta labarai da yawa a cikin shafukan yanar gizo. Kiki Omeili ya kuma "emcees" abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban kuma ya yi aikin-murya don ayyukan ciki har da LG da MTN na ƙidayar gasar cin kofin duniya a shekarar, 2009. A watan Agusta na shekarar, 2013, an kuma ba da sanarwar cewa za a sake sabuntawa Lekki na mata har na biyu, kuma an sake sabunta kwantiragin Omeili don sake farfado da matsayinta na Lovette. A farkon shekara ta, 2016, ta yi tauraro a cikin Akwatin Akwatin Najeriya ta buga; Ma'aurata na Kwanaki, inda aka nuna hotonta game da halin Joke, sun sami kyakkyawar dubawa daga masu sukar. A watan Mayun shekarar, 2016, ''Iterum'' wani ɗan gajeren fim wanda Stanlee Ohikhuare ke jagora tare da mai daukar hoto Kiki Omeili da Paul Utomi an shirya su a bikin Fim na shekara ta 69 na shekara-shekara. Ranar 31 ga watan Mayu, shekarar, 2016, Omeili ta sa ta fara fitowa a matsayin mai shirya fina-finai, tare da fito da Short Short ''Unprotected'' . Fim ɗin yana dogara ne akan abubuwan da suka faru na gaskiya, wanda ta lura a matsayin ɗalibin likita a cikin jami'a. Fim din yana dauke da Kiki Omeili, a matsayin halayen jagora, da Eric Idi, Bimbo Ademoye, Blessing Ambrose da Nathan Kingsley don tallafawa.<ref>{{cite web|title=WATCH: ‘Unprotected’ – A Short Film By Kiki Omeili|url=http://life.guardian.ng/2016/05/watch-unprotected-a-short-film-by-kiki-omeili/|website=life.guardian.ng|publisher=Guardian Life Newspaper|accessdate=6 June 2016|archive-date=4 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604020931/http://life.guardian.ng/2016/05/watch-unprotected-a-short-film-by-kiki-omeili/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Kiki Omeili debuts with ‘Unprotected’|url=http://tribuneonlineng.com/kiki-omeili-debuts-with-%E2%80%98unprotected%E2%80%99|website=tribuneonlineng.com|publisher=Tribune Newspaper|accessdate=6 June 2016|archive-date=5 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605130405/http://tribuneonlineng.com/kiki-omeili-debuts-with-%E2%80%98unprotected%E2%80%99|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nkiruka Omeili: Yes, I’m a Medical Doctor, But More Fulfilled Acting, Producing Films|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/08/24/nkiruka-omeili-yes-im-a-medical-doctor-but-more-fulfilled-acting-producing-films/|website=thisdaylive.com|publisher=Thisday Newspaper|accessdate=15 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Kiki Omeili: A ‘Run’ Star In Full Bloom|url=https://independent.ng/kiki-omeili-a-run-star-in-full-bloom/|website=independent.ng|publisher=Daily Independent Newspaper|accessdate=2 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Actress Kiki Omeili offers Run as first big fruit|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/actress-kiki-omeili-offers-run-as-first-big-fruit/|website=guardian.ng|publisher=Guardian Newspaper|accessdate=15 December 2019|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423053339/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/actress-kiki-omeili-offers-run-as-first-big-fruit/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Kiki Omeili’s first movie, Run, hits cinemas|url=https://punchng.com/kiki-omeilis-first-movie-run-hits-cinemas/|website=punchng.com|publisher=Punch Newspaper|accessdate=15 December 2019}}</ref> [[File:Kiki Omeili on NdaniTV 2018.png|thumb|Kiki Omeili]] A watan Yuni na shekarar, 2018, Omeili ta fara samar da fim din nata mai cike da salo, ''Run'', wanda Uche Chukwu ya jagoranta. The movie ''Run'' aka saki a cikin cinemas a kan watan Agusta ranar 23 shekarar, 2019 starring kamanci Owen Gee, Rotimi Salami, Kelechi Udegbe, kuma Greg Ojefua. Hakanan an zaba shi don nuna allo a bikin Silicon Valley International Film Festival a Kalifoniya da kuma bikin nuna fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Slum a Kenya kuma an karɓi kyautar a bikin nuna fina-finai na Nollywood na Canada a Kanada. == Kyauta da fitarwa == A watan Oktoba a shekarar( 2012) Omeili ta karɓi kyautar don 'Mafi Kyawun Actress (Taimakawa A cikin fim ɗin Turanci)' a lambar yabo ta Fim ta Afirka 17 (wacce aka fi sani da Afro Hollywood Awards) a London. A watan Mayun a shekarar (2014) an fitar da Omeili a cikin Manyan Sabbin Fina-Finan 25 na Nollywood wanda Jaridar Nishadi ta Nijeriya (NET) ta rubuta, kuma Ita ma jaridar Najeriya ta sanya ta a jerin 'The Sun' a matsayin daya daga cikin fitattun taurarin Nollywood a farkon shekarar (2014 ).<ref>{{cite web|title=GIAMA 2015: Eniola Badmus, Jim Iyke, Uche Jombo win big|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/giama-2015-eniola-badmus-jim-iyke-uche-jombo-win-big-id4272260.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=19 October 2015|archive-date=20 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151020150731/http://pulse.ng/movies/giama-2015-eniola-badmus-jim-iyke-uche-jombo-win-big-id4272260.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://ngrguardiannews.com/saturday-magazine/celebrity/185808-eloy-nomination-puts-the-follow-spot-on-kiki-omeili-again|title=ELOY Nomination Puts The ‘Follow-Spot’ On Kiki Omeili, Again|last=Husseini|first=Shuaibu|date=8 November 2014|work=Guardian Newspaper|accessdate=7 January 2015|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/tonto-dikeh-kiki-omeili-win-afro-hollywood-awards/|title=Tonto Dikeh, Kiki Omeili win Afro Hollywood Awards|last=Opurum|first=Nkechi|date=23 October 2012|work=Daily Times Nigeria|accessdate=1 November 2012|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=10 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110085400/http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/tonto-dikeh-kiki-omeili-win-afro-hollywood-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Full List Of Winners At The City People Entertainment Awards 2016 [All Categories]|url=http://citypeopleng.com/full-list-of-winners-at-the-city-people-entertainment-awards-2016-all-categories/|website=citypeopleng.com|publisher=City People Magazine|accessdate=11 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802193350/http://citypeopleng.com/full-list-of-winners-at-the-city-people-entertainment-awards-2016-all-categories/|archive-date=2 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Behold! Nollywood’s fast rising stars|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/new/?p=49682|last=Ezinye|first=Emeka|date=25 January 2014|work=The Sun|accessdate=26 July 2014|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/05/net-special-meet-the-25-new-faces-of-nollywood/comment-page-1/|title=Meet the 25 New Faces of Nollywood|last=Okuchukwu|first=Griffith|date=31 May 2014|work=Nigerian Entertainment Today|accessdate=26 July 2014|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> An kuma zaɓi Omeili ne don <nowiki>''</nowiki> The Actress of the Year 'a Gwarzon Mata na shekarar (ELOY) Awards a watan Nuwamba (2014) An zabe ta ne saboda rawar da ta taka a jerin Talbijin <nowiki>''</nowiki> Lekki Wives '. A watan Oktoba na shekarar (2015) Omeili ta lashe lambar yabo don Mafi kyawun Actarfafa Talla don rawar da ta taka a Fim - Sting, a Gasar Duniya ta Ilimin Masana'antu ta Duniya (GIAMA) wanda aka gudanar a Amurka. A watan Yuli na shekara ta (2016) Omeili ya lashe kyautar ''mafi kyawun Mata na Supportaddamarwa na shekarar'' a bikin bayar da ''kyaututtukan a shekara ta (2016) City People Entertainment Awards'' a Legas, Najeriya. A watan Oktoba na shekarar (2016) an zaɓi Omeili don ''Mafi kyawun Jagora a cikin Short Short'' a Berlin a shekara ta (2016 ) Film Fest International Awards saboda rawar da ta taka a fim, ''Deluded'' . Omeili, an baiyana a matsayin Jakada ce ta Fati a lokacin bikin fina-finai na Gaskiya na shekarar (2017) don karrama irin gudummawar da ta bayar ga masana'antar fim ta Najeriya. [[File:Folu Storms at Future Africa in 2016 (cropped).png|thumb|Kiki Omeili]] A cikin shekarar (2018) Omeili ta lashe kyautar mafi kyawun actress a Bokonbikin Kiɗa na Duniya da Independentan Fim, wanda aka gudanar a Tsibirin Caribbean don rawar da ta taka a fim din ''3Some'' . A cikin wannan shekarar, an kuma zaɓe ta don Actaunar Fim a bikin fim na Realtime.<ref>{{cite web|title=Best Lead Actress in a Short Film -Berlin 2016|url=http://filmfestinternational.com/best-lead-actress-in-a-short-film-berlin-2016/|website=filmfest.com|publisher=Film Fest International Festival|accessdate=17 October 2016|archive-date=18 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018211627/http://filmfestinternational.com/best-lead-actress-in-a-short-film-berlin-2016/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=‘3some’ bags four awards at American World Film Festival|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/3some-bags-four-awards-at-american-world-film-festival/|website=lifestyle.thecable.ng|publisher=Oluwaseyi Awojulugbe|accessdate=2 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=KIKI OMEILI - - RTF BRAND AMBASSADOR|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D9piHEkBpoM|website=youtube.com|publisher=Realtime Film Festival|accessdate=2 August 2018}}</ref> == Aikin tallafa ma Dan Adam == Omeili has been involved in humanitarian work with Project Pink Blue. She led their cancer awareness walk, helping the cancer nonprofit raise funds and awareness through social media and events.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Augoye|first1=Jayne|title=Why I left Medicine for acting – Kiki Omieli|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/218800-i-left-medicine-acting-kiki-omieli.html|accessdate=28 December 2017|agency=Premium Times Nigeria|publisher=Premium Times Nigeria|date=December 24, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Eya|first1=Ayambem|title=Annie Idibia, Moc Madu, Kiki Omeili, Debbie Collins led Pink October Walk against Breast Cancer in Lagos|url=http://www.wivestownhallconnection.com/2016/10/annie-idibia-moc-madu-kiki-omeili.html|accessdate=28 December 2017|publisher=Wives Town Hall Connection|date=October 9, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Bella|first1=Naija|title=Project PINK BLUE hosted Pink October Walk in support of International Breast Cancer Awareness Month with 5 Cancer Survivors, Kiki Omeili & Yvonne Jegede in Attendance|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/10/5-cancer-survivors-and-celebrities-walk-against-cancer-in-lagos/|accessdate=28 December 2017|agency=Bellanaija|publisher=Bellanaija|date=October 10, 2017}}</ref> === Lamban girma === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Event !Prize !Recipient !Result |- |2012 |African Film Awards |Best Actress - Supporting Role in an English language film (Married but Living Single) |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- |2014 |ELOY Awards |TV Actress of the Year (Lekki Wives) |{{n/a}} |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2015 |GIAMA 2015 Awards |Best Supporting Actress - Female (Sting - The Movie) |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- |In-Short Film Festival |Best Actress - Female (Deluded - Short Film) |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- | rowspan="3" |2016 |City People Entertainment Awards |Supporting Actress of the Year |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- |Lagos 30 under 40 Awards |Best Actress - English |Kiki Omeili |{{won}} |- |FilmFest International Awards (Berlin 2016) |Best Lead Actress in a Short Film |Kiki Omeili |{{nom}} |- |} {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Director !Notes |- |2011 |Behind the Smile |Debbie |Tunde Olaoye |Lead Role/TV Series |- |2011 |Nowhere to be Found |Dr. Grace |Niji Akanni |TV Series |- |2011 |Footprints |Edna |Jerry Isichei |Sub-Lead/TV Series |- |2012 |''Married but Living Single'' |Titi Haastrup |Tunde Olaoye |Feature Film |- |2012 |NESREA Watch |Mrs. Irabor |Paul Adams |TV Drama/Informative |- |2012 |Binding Duty |Njide |Ihria Enakimio |TV Drama/Informative |- |2012 |The Valley Between |Nikki |Tunji Bamishigbin |Sub-Lead/TV Series |- |2012 |Gidi Culture |Mariam |Tunde Anjorin |Sub-Lead/Series |- |2012 |A Mother's Fight |Uru |Flo Smith |Sub-Lead/Short Film produced by [[Uche Jombo]] |- |2012 |Lekki Wives |Lovette |Blessing Effiom Egbe |Lead Role/Series |- |2013 |Kpians: The Feast of Souls |Kiki Ofili |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Horror Movie also starring Ashionye Ugboh-Raccah |- |2013 |Consenting Adults |Seun |Soji Ogunnaike |Feature Film; starring Nomoreloss |- |2013 |24/7 |Barrister Ekanem |Efetobore Ayeteni |Feature Film starring IK Osakioduwa, Eku Edewor and Wole Ojo |- |2013 |Oblivious |Lucy |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Feature Film |- |2013 |Lekki Wives (Season 2) |Lovette |Blessing Effiom Egbe |Lead Role/TV Series |- |2013 |Sting |Ada |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Feature Film |- |2013 |The Glass House |Ese |Jerry Isichei |Feature Film |- |2014 |The Antique |Isoken |Darasen Richards |Feature Film starring Olu Jacobs, Bimbo Akintola and Judith Audu |- |2014 |Same Difference |Nonye |Ehizojie Ojesebholo |Feature Film starring Ricardo Agbor and Daniel K Daniel |- |2014 |A Dead End |Biola |Ehizojie Ojesebholo |Feature Film starring Barbara Sokky, Seun Akindele and Uche Anyamele |- |2014 |Next Door to Happiness |Tinuke |Uzodimma Okpechi |Feature Film starring Frederick Leonard |- |2014 |A Place Called Happy |Teni |LowlaDee |Feature Film starring Blossom Chukwujekwu |- |2014 |Friends and Lovers |Jenny |Yemi Morafa |Feature Film starring Deyemi Okanlawon |- |2014 | +234 |Sandra Lawson |Soji Ogunnaike |Drama Series starring Tosyn Bucknor, Tope Tedela and Anthony Monjaro |- |2015 |''Gbomo Gbomo Express'' |Blessing |Walter Taylour |Feature film - starring Ramsey Nouah |- |2015 |''Jimi Bendel'' |T-boy |Ehizojie Ojesebholo |Action Comedy film |- |2016 |''Fast Cash'' | - |Okey Zubelu Okoh |Feature film - starring Mary Lazarus, Oma Nnadi, Funnybone |- |2016 |''Iterum'' |Ireti |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Short film - screened at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival in Paris,France |- |2016 |''Fast Cash'' | |Okey Zubelu |Feature film |- |2016 |''Blame It on Me'' | - |Ikechukwu Onyeka |Feature film |- |2016 |''The Happyness Limited'' | - |Imoh Umoren |Feature film |- |2016 |''Double bind'' |Lead |Emmanuel Akaemeh |Feature film featuring Ifeanyi Kalu, Ujams Cbriel, Mary Chukwu |- |2016 |''This Thing Called Marriage'' | - |Blessing Egbe |Feature film |- |2016 |''Moth To A Flame'' |Joan |One Soul |Feature film - Femi Jacobs, Shaffy Bello, Paul Utomi |- |2017 |''Echoes of Silence'' | - |Okey Ifeanyi |Feature film |- |2017 |''Low lives and High Hopes'' | - |Frankie Ogar |Feature film |- |2017 |''Light in the Dark'' | - |Ekenem Ekwunye |Feature film |- |2017 |''What Lies Within'' |Miss Dimeji |Vanessa Nzediegwu |Feature film starring Michelle Dede, Tope Tedela, Paul Utomi |- |2017 |''Sunday and Lolade'' |Lolade |Yomi Black |Comedy Skit Compilation |- |2017 |''Public Property'' | |Tope Alake & Ashionye Mihcelle Raccah |Feature film |- |2019 |''Run'' |Tomi |Uche Chukwu |Feature Film, produced by Kiki Omeili <ref>{{cite web|title=Seyi Shay, Toke Makinwa, Mo’Cheddah, DJ Cuppy, Others Nominated|url=http://pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chinedu Adiele|accessdate=20 October 2014|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703235859/http://www.pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Tonto Dikeh, Kiki Omeili Win Afro-Hollywood Awards|url=http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/tonto-dikeh-kiki-omeili-win-afro-hollywood-awards/|last=Opurum|first=Nkechi|date=23 October 2012|work=Daily Times Nigeria|accessdate=1 November 2012|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=10 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110085400/http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/tonto-dikeh-kiki-omeili-win-afro-hollywood-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=GIAMA 2015: Eniola Badmus, Jim Iyke, Uche Jombo win big|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/giama-2015-eniola-badmus-jim-iyke-uche-jombo-win-big-id4272260.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=19 October 2015|archive-date=20 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151020150731/http://pulse.ng/movies/giama-2015-eniola-badmus-jim-iyke-uche-jombo-win-big-id4272260.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kiki Omeili Is In-short Film Festival Best Actress|url=http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/2015/12/kiki-omeili-is-in-short-film-festival-best-actress/|website=ngrguardiannews.com|publisher=The Guardian Newspaper|accessdate=24 February 2016}}</ref> |- |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1986]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ti1qa4e9zs1dahctk0zvgsmbgounpet 0 14003 549900 547677 2024-12-01T23:33:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chioma Chukwuka''' (an haife ta a ranar 12 ga watan Maris, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da tamanin 1980A.c), itace wanda aka lasafta ta '''Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha''' ko '''Chioma Akpotha''' yar wasan [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya ce]] kuma mai shirya fina-finai. A shekara ta 2007 ta sami lambar yabo ta Movie Movie Academy Award don "Mafi nuna fina-finai a cikin jagorancin jagoranci", kuma lambar yabo ta Afro Hollywood ta nuna mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin rawar da ta dace a shekarar 2010.<ref name="amaa2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.ama-awards.com/winners2007.html|title=Nominees & Winners of AMAA 2007 @ a glance|publisher=The African Movie Academy Awards|accessdate=11 September 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071210070846/http://www.ama-awards.com/winners2007.html|archivedate=10 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="mshale">{{cite news|url=http://www.mshale.com/article.cfm?articleID=1407 |title=Africa Celebrates Film Industry at AMAA 2007 |last=Coker |first=Onikepo |date=4 May 2007 |work=Mshale Newspaper |publisher=Mshale Communications |accessdate=5 September 2010 |location=Minneapolis, USA |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303204433/http://www.mshale.com/article.cfm?articleID=1407 |archivedate=3 March 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=The Nation Newspaper |title=Chioma Akpotha: I was shy as a young girl |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/chioma-akpotha-i-was-shy-as-a-young-girl/ |accessdate=9 May 2020 |publisher=The Nation Newspaper}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa == An haifi Chioma Chukwuka ce a jihar Legas, Kuma ta girma ne daga Oraifite, karamar hukumar Ekwusigo, [[Anambra|jihar Anambra]], Nigeria.<ref name="IMDB">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.me/chiomakpotha|title=Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha|date=9 April 2019|publisher=IMDB|accessdate=9 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=NJOKU |first1=CHISOM |title=Chioma Chukwuka: The Method Actress |url=https://guardian.ng/life/chioma-chukwuka-the-method-actress/ |accessdate=9 May 2020 |publisher=Guardian Newspapers |archive-date=19 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019140156/https://guardian.ng/life/chioma-chukwuka-the-method-actress/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kammala karatun ta na firamare a Onward Nursery da Primary School a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]], daga nan ta wuce zuwa Kwalejin 'Yan mata ta Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke [[Onitsha]], [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]] don yin karatun sakandare. Daga nan kuma ta wuce zuwa Jami’ar Jihar Legas, inda ta karanci Banki da Kudi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gloworld.com/gloambassadors.asp |title=Glo Ambassadors - Chioma Chukwuka |publisher=[[Globacom]] |accessdate=21 February 2011 |location=Lagos, Nigeria |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926204345/http://www.gloworld.com/gloambassadors.asp |archivedate=26 September 2011 }}</ref><ref name="sunnews1">{{cite news|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/celebrityfashion/2005/june/14/celebrityfashion-14-06-2005-001.htm|title=Nigerian men are worth dying for –Nollywood star, Chioma Chukwuka|last=Amatus|first=Azuh|date=14 June 2005|newspaper=Daily Sun|accessdate=12 September 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070514163907/http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/features/celebrityfashion/2005/june/14/celebrityfashion-14-06-2005-001.htm|archivedate=14 May 2007}}</ref> == Aiki == Rawar da Chioma Chukwuka ta fara takawa da farawarta a cikin fim shine cikin fim din "The Apple" a shekarar 2000.<ref>{{cite news |last1=NJOKU |first1=CHISOM NJOKU |title=Chioma Chukwuka: The Method Actress |url=https://guardian.ng/life/chioma-chukwuka-the-method-actress/ |accessdate=9 May 2020 |publisher=Guardian Newspaper |archive-date=19 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019140156/https://guardian.ng/life/chioma-chukwuka-the-method-actress/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma yi rawar gani a fim ɗin ''The Handkerchief'' a shekarar 2000.<ref name="konnectafrica">{{cite news|url=https://www.konnectafrica.net/chioma-chukwuka-akpotha-actress-producer-and-nollywood-sweetest-heart/|title=Chioma Chukwuka-Akpotha; Actress, Producer and Nollywood’s Sweetest Heart|work=Konnect Africa|accessdate=4 February 2019}}</ref> A shekara ta 2007 ta sami kyautar mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a jagora "a kyautar Academy Movie Awards don fim ɗin ''Sins of the naman'' . Tare da shekaru 20 na gwaninta, ta yi tauraron fina -finai a cikin fina-finai sama da 350 na Nollywood, ta samar fina-finai 6 kuma suna da lambobin yabo da yawa a cikin ta. A matsayinta na mai shirya fina-finai, Chioma ta fito da wasu fina-finai sama da 8 wadanda suka hada da wadanda aka zaba wadanda aka baiwa kyautar ''On Bend Knees'' . Ita ce kuma mai magana da yawun jama'a kuma mai ba da shawara. Ta ƙaddamar da wani tsarin inganta ƙarfin gini a cikin watan Janairun shekarar 2019, Masterclass Tare da Chioma (Masterclasschioma.com) inda matasa masu koyar da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, masu zane-zane, masu shirya fina-finai, da sauran ƙwararrun masana'antu ke koyar da su.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2098764/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm |title=Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha Biography |date=9 April 2019|publisher=IMDB|accessdate=21 April 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha Biography |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2098764/bio |website=IMDb |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha Biography |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2098764/bio |website=IMDb |accessdate=9 May 2020}}</ref> == Babban-aji tare da Chioma == A watan Janairun shekarar 2019, ta ba da sanarwar ƙaddamar da wani tsari na samar da ƙarfafawa da ake kira Masterclass With Chioma, inda ake son baiwa, musamman 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, masu shirya fina-finai, masu zane-zane,' yan wasan kwaikwayo da sauran ƙwararrun masana'antu kan abin da ake buƙatar yin ta a fim, TV., da wasan kwaikwayo.<ref name="iDonSabi">{{cite news|url=https://idonsabi.com/chioma-akpotha-to-train-intending-actors-and-actresses/|title=Chioma Akpotha To Train Intending Actors And Actresses|work=I Don Sabi|accessdate=9 April 2019}}</ref> == Yarjejeniyar yarda == Chioma Akpotha ta zama jakadiyar talla ta Erisco Foods a watan Nuwamba shekarar 2018.<ref name="Erisco">{{cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/brand-unveils-nollywoods-chioma-chukwuka-as-ambassador/|title=Brand unveils Nollywood’s Chioma Chukwuka as Ambassador|work=The Guardian Newspaper|date=22 November 2018|accessdate=4 February 2019}}{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Chukwuka ya yi aiki a matsayin jakada mai farin jini ga wasu kamfanoni na kasuwanci na Najeriya da na duniya, gami da Globacom Nigeria, wani kamfanin sadarwa, Omo Detergent da Harpic Cleaner.<ref name="glo">{{cite news|url=http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2013/05/17/glo-drops-monalisa-chinda-chioma-chukwuka-as-ambassadors/|title=GLO Drops Monalisa Chinda, Chioma Chukwuka As Ambassadors|work=The Tide Newspaper|date= 17 May 2013|accessdate=21 November 2017}}</ref><ref name="Omo">{{cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/06/funke-akindele-chioma-chukwuka-ali-nihu-unveiled-as-ambassadors-for-omo/|title=Funke Akindele, Chioma Chukwuka, Ali Nuhu unveiled as ambassadors for OMO|publisher=TheNETng Newspaper|accessdate=21 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032811/http://thenet.ng/2014/06/funke-akindele-chioma-chukwuka-ali-nihu-unveiled-as-ambassadors-for-omo/|archive-date=1 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Harpic">{{cite news|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/helen-paul-replaces-chioma-chukwuka-as-harpic-ambassador/|title=Helen Paul replaces Chioma Chukwuka as Harpic ambassador|first=Funsho |last=Akinwale|work=The Eagle Newspaper|date=11 July 2015|accessdate=21 November 2017}}</ref> == Rayuwar mutum == Chukwuka ta auri Franklyn Akpotha a shekarar 2006.<ref name="pulse">{{cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/chioma-chukwuka-5-things-you-should-know-about-stellar-actress-id4622306.html|title=Chioma Chukwuka: 5 things you should know about 'Stellar' actress|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|work=PulseNG|date=29 January 2016|accessdate=21 November 2017|archive-date=20 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720135556/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/chioma-chukwuka-5-things-you-should-know-about-stellar-actress-id4622306.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fina-finai == ===Amatsayin yar'wasa === * 2000: ''The Apple'' * 2000: ''Three Musketeers'' * 2000: ''Handkerchief'' * 2002: ''Sunrise'' * 2002: ''The Final Clash'' * 2003: ''Disguise'' * 2003: ''Handsome'' * 2003: ''Real Love'' * 2003: ''Romantic Attraction'' * 2004: ''Foul Play'' * 2004: ''Unbroken Promise'' * 2004: ''Two Become One'' * 2004: ''Promise & Fail'' * 2004: ''Legacy'' * 2004: ''Home Sickness'' * 2004: ''Heavy Rain'' * 2004: ''Circle of Tears'' * 2005: ''War for War'' * 2005: ''Years of Tears'' * 2005: ''Sins of the Flesh'' – Chukwuka won the African Movie Academy Award in 2007 for Best Actress for her role in this movie * 2005: ''Second Adam'' * 2005: ''Sacred Tradition'' * 2005: ''Real Love 2'' * 2005: ''Real Love 3'' * 2005: ''Moment of Truth'' * 2005: ''Knowing You'' * 2005: ''Golden Moon'' * 2005: ''Azima'' * 2005: ''Fake Angel'' * 2005: ''Eagle's Bride'' * 2005: ''The Bridesmaid'' * 2006: ''Wisdom of the Gods'' * 2006: ''Zoza'' * 2006: ''Traumatized'' * 2006: ''Total Crisis'' * 2006: ''Tears in My Heart'' * 2006: ''Strange Love'' * 2006: ''Sound of Love'' * 2006: ''Serpent in Paradise'' * 2006: ''Saviour'' * 2006: ''The Saint'' * 2006: ''Royal Insult'' * 2006: ''Royal Doom'' * 2006: ''On My Wedding Day'' * 2006: ''Naked Sin'' * 2006: ''On My Wedding Day'' * 2006: ''Last Dance'' * 2006: ''Holy Family'' * 2006: ''Games Men Play'' || Directed by Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen * 2006: ''End of Discussion'' * 2006: ''Desperate Ambition'' * 2006: ''Dead in Faith'' * 2006: ''Chinwe Okeke'' * 2006: ''Asunder'' * 2006: ''Ass on Fire'' * 2006: ''Death In Faith'' * 2007: ''Double Game'' * 2008: ''Red Soil'' * 2008: ''World Of Our Own'' * 2008: ''Wind Of Sorrow'' * 2009: ''Odum Na Akwaeke'' * 2011: ''The Throne Is Mine'' * 2011: ''Nne Ifedigo'' * 2012: ''Cry No More'' * 2013: ''On Bended Knees'' * 2014: ''Heart Of Gold'' * 2014: ''Warrior Sisters'' * 2014: ''Aziza'' * 2014: ''Warrior Sisters'' * 2014: ''Sabina Makosa'' * 2014: ''Magic Dragon'' * 2014: ''Unforgiven'' * 2014: ''Police On Duty'' * 2014: ''Village Commando'' * 2014: ''Nwaogo The House Maid'' * 2015: ''Agbaranze'' * 2015: ''Ezi Nwa Di Uko'' * 2015: ''Rain Of Hope'' * 2015: ''Chinasa My Love'' * 2015: ''Nwanyi Nnewi'' * 2015: ''Kamsi The Freedom Fighter'' * 2015: ''The Lioness'' * 2015: ''Amarachi'' * 2015: ''Coffin Business'' * 2015: ''Anelka'' * 2015: ''Udu Bundle'' * 2016: ''Rain Of Hope'' * 2016: ''Evil Coffin'' * 2016: ''Genesis Of Love'' * 2016: ''The Flute Boy'' * 2016: ''Marriage Crisis'' * 2016: ''Sister Maria'' * 2016: ''Akwaeke'' * 2016: ''Wives On Strike I'' * 2017: ''Evil Culture'' * 2017: ''2nd Coming Of Christ'' * 2017: ''Innocent Murderer'' * 2017: ''My Mother My Pain'' * 2017: ''All For Love'' * 2017: ''Heart of Ulimma'' * 2017: ''King Uremma'' * 2017: ''Reign Of Truth'' * 2017: ''God Of Liberation'' * 2017: ''My Mother'' * 2017: ''Jehovah Witness'' * 2017: ''Local Queen'' * 2017: ''Somto'' * 2017: ''Christmas Is Coming'' * 2017: ''Choked'' * 2017: ''Bird Watcher'' * 2017: ''Village Champion'' * 2017: ''The Unforeseen Truth'' * 2017: ''Dangerous Confession'' * 2017: ''Innocent Murderer'' * 2017: ''The Tradition'' * 2017: ''Broken Vow'' * 2017: ''Beyond Trust'' * 2017: ''Tender Heart'' * 2018: ''Sound of Wisdom'' * 2018: ''Let Me Love You 1'' * 2018: ''Let Me Love You 2'' * 2018: ''Deeper Than Pain'' * 2018: ''Desperate Twins'' * 2018: ''In Love Again After Heartbreak 1'' * 2018: ''In Love Again After Heartbreak 2'' * 2018: ''My Drum of Love 1'' * 2018: ''My Drum of Love 2'' * 2018: ''Life After Marriage'' * 2018: ''Immortal Love 1'' * 2018: ''Immortal Love 2'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 1'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 2'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 3'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 4'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 5'' * 2018: ''Cause for Love 6'' * 2018: ''The Ghost and the Tout'' * 2018: ''Lara & the Beat'' * 2019: ''Void'' * 2019: ''For Want Of A Queen'' * 2019: ''In Your Dreams'' * 2019: ''The Street Kid'' * 2019: ''Rain of LOVE'' * 2019: ''Dark Cloud'' === A matsayin mai shiryawa === * 2013: ''A Kan Knees'' * 2016: ''Kukan Mutuwar'' * 2017: ''Zaɓa'' * 2017: ''Bird Watcher'' * 2019: ''Ga Fatan Sarauniya'' * 2019: ''A cikin Mafarkan ku'' * 2019: ''ruwan sama na soyayya'' * 2019: ''Girgije mai duhu'' == Kyaututtuka da kuma gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" ! Shekara ! Jikin Kyauta ! Nau'i ! Wanda Aka Zaɓi ! Sakamakon |- | 2007 | Kyautar Koyarwar Masarautar Afirka | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Jagoranci | Abubuwan Tsutsotsi na Jiki |{{won}} |- | 2010 | Kyautar Afro Hollywood | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Jagoranci | Kanshi |{{won}} |- | 2012 | Kyautatattun matan shekarar (ELOY) Awards | Brand jakadan shekara | Harpic |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=The 2012 Exquisite Lady of the Year (ELOY) Awards – Ty Bello, Omotola Jalade-Ekeinde, Toolz, Ini Edo, Tiwa Savage, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie & Other Powerful Women Make the Nominees List|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2012/11/the-2012-exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-ty-bello-omotola-jalade-ekeinde-toolz-ini-edo-tiwa-savage-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-other-powerful-women-make-the-nominees-list/ |website=Bella Naija |date=7 November 2012|accessdate=17 April 2019}}</ref> |- | 2013 | Kyautatattun matan shekarar (ELOY) Awards | Yar fim din Shekarar | A Kan Knees |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=ELOY Awards 2013 Set For November 24, Performances From Banky W, Emma Nyra & More|url=http://onobello.com/y-w-emma-nyra-more/|website=Onobello|date=1 November 2013|accessdate=17 April 2019|archive-date=17 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417220233/http://onobello.com/y-w-emma-nyra-more/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 2013 | Mafi kyawun kyaututtukan Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jagora a cikin Fim na Turanci | A Kan Knees |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="3" | 2013 | rowspan="3" | Kyautar Zane Ilimin Kwallon Kaya na Golden | Mafi kyawun Wasan kwaikwayo | rowspan="3" | A Kan Knees |{{nom}} |- | Mafi kyawun Cinematography |{{nom}} |- | Mafi kyawun actress | {{nom}} |- | 2014 | Kyautatattun matan shekarar (ELOY) Awards | Brand jakadan shekara | Omo |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Seyi Shay, Toke Makinwa, Mo’Cheddah, DJ Cuppy, Others Nominated|url=http://pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|first=Chinedu|last=Adiele|date=20 October 2014|accessdate=20 October 2014|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703235859/http://www.pulse.ng/events/exquisite-lady-of-the-year-eloy-awards-seyi-shay-toke-makinwa-mo-cheddah-dj-cuppy-others-nominated-id3211248.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 2014 | Kyautar Koyarwar Masarautar Afirka | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Jagoranci | Hadari |{{nom}} |- | 2014 | Kyautar Zane Ilimin Kwallon Kaya na Golden | Mafi kyawun actress | Hadari |{{nom}} |- | 2014 | Kyautar fina-finan Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jagora | Hadari |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Mercy Johnson Battles Chioma Akpotha, 6 Others For Best Actress Award |url=https://stemarsblog.com/ |website=Stemarsblog |date=24 September 2013 |accessdate=17 April 2019 |archive-date=28 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328114605/http://www.stemarsblog.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2014 | Kyautar Nishadi ta Najeriya | Mafi kyawun actress a Jagoranci | Hadari |{{nom}} |- | 2014 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗar City | Mafi kyawun actress na shekara (Turanci) | Kanshi |{{nom}} |- | 2015 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗar City | Mafi kyawun actress na shekara (Turanci) | Kanshi |{{nom}} |- | 2016 | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗar City | Mafi kyawun actress na shekara (Turanci) | Kanshi |{{nom}} |- | 2017 | Kyautar Za ~ en 'Yan kallo na Masu sihiri a Afirka | Mafi kyawun actress a cikin Comedy | Mata a kan bugun jini |{{nom}} |- | 2018 | Kyautar Ghana-Naija | Actress of the Year | Kanshi |{{nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Organizers unveil nominations for 2018 Ghana-Naija Awards |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Organizers-unveil-nominations-for-2018-Ghana-Naija-Awards-685699 |website=GhanaWeb |date=17 September 2018|accessdate=17 April 2019}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[category:Haifaffun 1980]] ms6r4e6sd4hytisir6ubeouwixjf6k1 0 14238 550094 407367 2024-12-02T06:46:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gidauniyar Rochas''' ta kasance hukuma ce ta [[kungiyar tallafi|tallafi]] wacce bata gwamnati bace kuma [[Kungiya bata neman riba ba|bata neman riba ba]]. An kirkire ta a shekarar 1998<ref>{{cite news |last1 = Nasir |first1 = Jamilah |title = Flavour to perform as Rochas Foundation marks 20th anniversary |url = |agency = The Cable |date = 16 February 2018 }} </ref> tare da babbar hedikwatar ta a [[Abuja]], [[Najeriya]]. [[Rochas Okorocha]] ne ya kafa kungiyar, ya kasance dan' kasuwa a Najeriya, mai taimako kuma dan'siyasa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blueprint.ng/rochas-college-celebrates-founders%e2%80%8e-57th-birthday-in-kano/|title=Rochas College celebrates founder’s 57th birthday in Kano|last=IV|first=Editorial|date=2019-09-27|website=Blueprint}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/okorocha-floats-read/|title=Okorocha floats READ|last=Published|website=Punch Newspapers}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.today.ng/news/nigeria/rochas-okorocha-foundation-hosts-liberias-ellen-johnson-sirleaf-thursday-30749|title=Rochas Okorocha Foundation hosts Liberia's Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Thursday|last=Chukwu|first=Ebere|date=2017-11-08|website=TODAY}}</ref> Gidauniyar Rochas nada gidauniyoyi da dama dake karkashin ta, wadanda suka hada da Kwalejin Gidauniyar Rochas ta Afirka (Rochas Foundation College of Africa). Gidauniyar Rochas tafi mayar da hankali ne a tallafawa, karfafawa da taimakon yara marasa karfi dake yawo akan titunan Afirka dan basu damar samun ilimi mai inganci ta hanyar taimakon ilimi na scholarship a kyauta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailynigerian.com/rochas-foundation-gives-scholarships-to-899-students-in-plateau/|title=Rochas Foundation gives scholarships to 899 students in plateau|date=2019-09-27|website=Daily Nigerian|access-date=2020-08-18|archive-date=2020-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130110343/https://dailynigerian.com/rochas-foundation-gives-scholarships-to-899-students-in-plateau/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2017/11/10/ive-never-experienced-anything-like-the-rochas-foundation-liberian-president/|title=I’ve Never Experienced Anything Like Rochas Foundation – Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf|website=Channels Television}}</ref> Kungiyar na da makarantu 21 wadanda ba'a biyan kudi guda 12 acikin jihohin Najeriya. A watan Oktobar shekarar 2019, Gidauniyar Rochas ta fitar da kudi kimanin Naira biliyan daya (kusan Dalar amurka miliyan 360) dan taimakon yara da basu zuwa makaranta a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/rochas-foundation-earmarks-n1bn-to-tackle-out-of-school-children-challenge/6yqk5jg|title=Rochas Foundation earmarks N1bn to tackle out of school children challenge|date=2019-10-23|website=Pulse Nigeria|access-date=2020-08-18|archive-date=2019-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191028181002/https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/rochas-foundation-earmarks-n1bn-to-tackle-out-of-school-children-challenge/6yqk5jg|url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekarar 2018, ta bayar da tallafin karatu (scholarships) ga yara dubu daya dake a wuraren da aka kebe yan'gudun hijira (Internally Displaced Persons IDP) dake a [[Jihar Benue]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/killings-rochas-foundation-offers-scholarship-to-1000-benue-children/|title=Killings: Rochas Foundation offers scholarship to 1,000 Benue children|last=says|first=Ezekiel Okeke|date=2018-02-26|website=The Sun Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/02/26/reprieve-for-benue-idps-as-rochas-foundation-offers-1000-scholarships-to-displaced-children/|title=Reprieve for Benue IDPs as Rochas Foundation Offers 1,000 Scholarships to Displaced Children|last=admin|date=2018-02-26|website=THISDAYLIVE}}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rochas, Gidauniyar}} [[Category:Kungiyoyin taimako a Najeriya]] 2piv29qj6v3crh2h6obgxxg0rkjtodc 0 14503 549511 499054 2024-12-01T16:09:35Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Nigeria_Railway_Corporation,_Ibadan.jpg |thumb|Reshen kamfanin a Ibadan]] [[File:Minna.photowalk_railway_14.jpg |thumb|Tashar jirgin Kasa na Kamfanin a Minna]] [[Fayil:Nigerian Railway Corporation.jpg|thumb|Nigerian Railway Corporation]] '''Nigerian Railway Corporation''' hukuma ce ta zirga-zirgar jiragen kasa ta [[Najeriya]]. ==Tarihi== An kirkiri Nigerian Railway Corporation a 1898 lokacin da turawan mulkin mallaka suka samar da hanyoyin jiragen kasa na farko a Nigeria. A October 3, 1912, hukumar jiragen kasa ta Lagos da kuma hukumar jiragen kasa ta Baro-kano suka yi yarjejeniya ta yin hadaka da juna yayin da suka fadada zirga-zirgar su ta zama ta duniya gaba daya wanda kuma suka canja suna zuwa Government Department of Railways. A shekara ta 1955 aka sake canjawa Kamfanin suna izuwa sunan sa na yanzu wato Nigerian Railway Corporation tareda samun cikakkiyar dama ta gudanar da zirga-zirgar su a ko Ina a fadin Nigeria. Kamfanin ya samu daukaka sosai jim kadan bayan samun yanci a 1964. Bayan wannan lokacin NRC sun sami wata barazana ta ci baya da kuma tabarbarewar kayan aiki na wani lokaci Mai tsawo. Hukumar ta samu karyewa a shekara ta 1988 wanda har takai ga dakatar da zirga-zirga tsawon wata shida. Daga nan aka gyara hanyoyin jiragen a shekara ta 2002 Kuma jiragen suka dawo aiki gadan-gadan kamar a baya. Kamfanin ya sake samun matsaloli daga baya har zuwa 2006 inda aka sake yin gyararrakin hanyoyi da kuma samar da sababbin tsare-tsare abisa taimakon kasashen waje. NRC ta sami matsaloli na karayar tattalin arziki fiye da sau daya a shekara ashirin da ta gabata. Rashin inganta kayan aiki da kuma yawan ma'aikata ya bada gudun mawa wajen karyewar kamfanin. A shekara ta 2015 bayan wasu tsare-tsare da akai tayi an takaita zirga-zirgar jiragen izuwa sau hudu a sati, zuwa [[Kano]] sau biyu, zuwa [[Jos]] sau daya da Kuma zuwa [[Maiduguri]] sau daya. ==Manazarta== {{DEFAULTSORT:Nigerian Railway Corporation}} [[Category:Kamfanoni]] 88xjux7g7kjywexf1s3l9frmy77400a 0 14809 549867 547630 2024-12-01T22:18:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bimbo Oshin''' ta kasance yar'fim din [[Najeriya]] ce.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/after-exclusive-breastfeeding-oshin-gets-bolder-with-igboya/|title=After exclusive breastfeeding, Oshin gets bolder with Igboya|work=The Punch - Nigeria's Most Widely Read Newspaper|accessdate=20 February 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221173516/http://www.punchng.com/feature/midweek-revue/after-exclusive-breastfeeding-oshin-gets-bolder-with-igboya/|archivedate=21 February 2015}}</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa da aiki== An haifi Oshi a 24, shekarar 1971 a jihar [[Birnin Ondo|Ondo]], dake [[Jihar Ondo]] kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]]. Tayi makaranta a [[Jami'ar Lagos]] anan kuma ta samu Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree a fannin [[Falsafa]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/relationship/item/17722-why-i,-sometimes,-throw-caution-to-the-winds-—bimbo-oshin.html|title=Why I sometimes throw caution to the winds-Bimbo Oshin|work=Nigerian Tribune|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219031052/http://tribune.com.ng/news2013/index.php/en/relationship/item/17722-why-i,-sometimes,-throw-caution-to-the-winds-%E2%80%94bimbo-oshin.html|archive-date=19 February 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bimbo commenced her acting career in 1996<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibakatv.com/celeb/bimbo-oshin|website=Ibaka tv|title=Bimbo Oshin!|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224064803/http://ibakatv.com/celeb/bimbo-oshin|archivedate=2015-02-24}}</ref> amma ta shahara bayan fitar ta a wani fim din Yarbanci a 2012 mai suna ''[[Omo Elemosho]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/02/10-celebrities-we-cant-get-enough-of/|title=10 celebrities we can’t get enough of….|work=Vanguard News|accessdate=20 February 2015}}</ref> ==Fina-finai== *''[[Eji Owuro]] (2003)'' *''Civil War (2003)'' *''Omo Oku Oron (2004) as Salewa'' *''Ota (2007)'' *''Igi ola mi (2008) as Laide'' *''[[Omo Elemosho]] (2012) as Biola'' *''Kakanfo (2020) as Yeye'' *''[[The New Patriots]] (2020) as Princess Gladys Olubo'' *''May 29 (2020) as Mummy Mayowa'' *''Abebi (2021) as Bolade'' *''Alimi (2021) as Ronke'' *''Strangers (2022) as Toyin'' *''A Bag of Trouble (2023)'' ==Kyautuka== A shekarar 2016, an girmama ta da Icon Category Award a 2016 Afro-Heritage Broadcasting and Entertainment and Awards.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naijaonlinetv.co.uk/ahbea-2016-nominee-bimbo-oshin-icon-award-category/|title=AHBEA 2016 Nominee, Bimbo Oshin, Icon Award Category|website=naijaonlinetv.co.uk|last=|first=|date=9 July 2016|accessdate=16 February 2017|archive-date=16 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216143726/http://www.naijaonlinetv.co.uk/ahbea-2016-nominee-bimbo-oshin-icon-award-category/|url-status=dead}}</ref> {| class ="wikitable" |- !Year !Award ceremony !Prize !Result !Ref |- |rowspan="2"|2014 |Yoruba Movies Academy Awards |Best Actress in a Leading Role |{{nom}} | <ref>{{cite news|url=http://dailypost.ng/2014/03/31/yoruba-movie-awards-odunlade-adekola-fathia-balogun-others-win-see-full-list-winners/|title=Yoruba Movie Awards: Odunlade Adekola, Fathia Balogun, others win [See full list of winners]|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|last=Orenuga|first=Adenike|date=31 March 2014|accessdate=16 February 2017}}</ref> |- |City People Entertainment Awards |Best Actress of the Year (Yoruba) |{{nom}} | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/gist/meet-the-nominees-nominees-for-city-people-entertainment-awards-id2901761.html|title=Meet The Nominees: Nominees for City People Entertainment Awards|website=pulse.ng|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|date=9 June 2014|accessdate=16 February 2017|archive-date=16 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216141255/http://pulse.ng/gist/meet-the-nominees-nominees-for-city-people-entertainment-awards-id2901761.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |2015 |ZAFAA African Film Academy Awards |Best Female Indigenous Actor |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/queen-nwokoye-actress-wins-best-actor-indigenous-female-at-zafaa-2015-id4320538.html|title=Queen Nwokoye: Actress wins 'Best Actor Indigenous Female' at ZAFAA 2015|website=pulse.ng|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|date=3 November 2015|accessdate=16 February 2017|archive-date=24 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624033226/http://pulse.ng/movies/queen-nwokoye-actress-wins-best-actor-indigenous-female-at-zafaa-2015-id4320538.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |} ==Duba kuma== * [[List of Nigerian film producers]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} ==Hadin waje== *{{imdb name|2429877|Bimbo Oshin}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oshin, Bimbo}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mutane daga Jihar Ondo]] 0sgya6jxv5k5h9wxz37fz5vwmsdep42 0 15036 549773 520963 2024-12-01T20:43:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549773 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Asabe Vilita Bashir''' (an haifeta a ranar 19 ga watan Faburairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da biyar 1965A.c) a ƙauyen Limankara da ke ƙarƙashin ƙaramar hukumar gwoza,ta kasance mace yar siyasa a Najeriya. An zaɓe ta a matsayin mace mai wakiltar Gwoza, Chibok da ke jihar Borno. Yar siyace a ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar APC dake wakiltan [[Gwoza]], [[Chibok]] da kuma [[Damboa]] na jihar Borno. Ta kuma goyi bayan samar da adalci ga majiyatan rikicin Boko Haram. == Ilimi == Bashir ta karɓi takardar shedar karatun ta na GCE daga Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke jihar Maiduguri a shekarar 1984. Daga nan sai ta shiga [[Jami'ar Maiduguri]] don karatun koyarwa. An ba ta sakamakon BSc na Koyarwa (Education) a cikin shekarar 1988, da MEd a Gudanarwa da Tsare-tsare a shekarar 1992, da kuma Ph.D. a cikin Falsafa a shekarar 2002.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nass.gov.ng/mp/profile/692|title=Hon. Asabe Vilita Bashir: Education|author=<!--Not stated-->|website=National Assembly|publisher=Federal Republic of Nigeria|access-date=14 June 2018|archive-date=10 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190610073403/http://nass.gov.ng/mp/profile/692|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ta kasance mamba a Majalisar Wakilan Tarayyar Najeriya,<ref>Biography of Asabe Vilita Bashir". ''Nigerian Biography''. 16 December 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2018.</ref> wakiltar mazabar [[Gwoza]], [[Chibok]] da [[Damboa]] a [[Borno|jihar Borno]] .<ref name="Nigerian Biography 2015">{{cite web|title=Biography of Asabe Vilita Bashir|website=Nigerian Biography|date=16 December 2015|url=http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2015/12/biography-of-asabe-vilita-bashir.html|access-date=26 May 2018|archive-date=10 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710062335/http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2015/12/biography-of-asabe-vilita-bashir.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tana yin shawarwari kan aikin da zai inganta rayuwar wadanda [[Rikicin Boko Haram|rikicin Boko Haram ya]] shafa, musamman mata da yara.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Editor|title=Lawmaker to Aisha Buhari: Start a pet project on Boko Haram victims|url=https://www.thecable.ng/tag/asabe-vilita-bashir|website=The Cable|accessdate=26 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Victor Oluwasegun|first1=Dele Anofi|title=Reps to FG: Reopen schools in Borno, Yobe, Adamawa|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/reps-to-fg-reopen-schools-in-borno-yobe-adamawa/|publisher=The Nation|accessdate=26 May 2018}}</ref> == Manazartani == {{Reflist}} == Diddigin bayanai na waje == {{DEFAULTSORT:Vilita Bashir, Asabe}} [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mata yan siyasa]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1965]] klyjbj41ozqpkipz1ho9rzcogj2vnm4 0 15148 549745 443948 2024-12-01T19:48:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549745 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anam Imo''' (an haifeta ranar 30 ga watan Nuwamban shekaran 2000), itace yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Nijeriya wacce a yanzu haka take buga wa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta FC Rosengard na garin Damallsvenskan . Ta kuma wakilci kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Najeriya a matakin mata masu buga kwallo na kasa da yan shekaru 20 .<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190606143649/https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWWC/2019/pdf/FWWC_2019_SQUADLISTS.PDF</ref> == Kariya == === Klub din === A watan Maris na shekarar 2016, Imo ta zura kwallo daya tilo a cikin ragan kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Amazons ta Nasarawa, a wasan da suka sha kashi a hannun Najeriya karkashin kungiyar yan kwallan kafan Najeriya na yan shekaru 17, wanda hakan ya faru ne a cikin shirye-shiryen gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta mata ta duniya na yan kasa da shekaru 17 .<ref>http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/12072/nigeria-women/2016/03/03/20937652/nigeria-u17-women-defeat-nasarawa-amazons-in-friendly</ref> === Daraja a matakin duniya === Jihar [[Imo]] an gayyace su su buga wasan a cikin tawagar yan kwallan Najeriya, wannan gayyace daga babban kwach Christopher Danjuma. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/all-african-games-injured-asisat-oshoala-not-in-super-falcons-squad-id4052210.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-12 |archive-date=2018-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712003825/https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/all-african-games-injured-asisat-oshoala-not-in-super-falcons-squad-id4052210.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A lokacin wannan kamfen dinne taci kwallo. <ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/08/super-falcons-thrash-katsina-spotlight-queens-7-0/</ref>A lokacin gasar kofin kwallan kafa na 2016 mai suna Africa Women Cup of Nations, Imo suna cikin wadanda suka samar da babbar hadi a cikin tawagar su, wanda Florence Omagbemi ne ya hado tawagar.<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/football/188824-super-falcons-defeat-santos-boys-academy-4-0.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/asisat-oshoala-super-falcons-star-29-others-invited-to-camp-ahead-of-women-s-afcon-id5591697.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-12 |archive-date=2018-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711235840/https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/asisat-oshoala-super-falcons-star-29-others-invited-to-camp-ahead-of-women-s-afcon-id5591697.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kociya Thomas Dennerby ne ya sanya ta cikin jerin 'yan wasan karshe zuwa Kofin Matan WAFU na 2018 . A gasar, ta zira kwallaye a ragar kungiyar matan Togo a wasan karshe na rukuni. A watan Afrilu na 2018, Imo tana cikin sahun farko a wasan da Najeriya ta sha kashi a hannun Faransa a wasan sada zumunci a Le Mans.<ref>https://www.thecable.ng/falconets-defeat-safrica-inch-closer-to-world-cup-qualification</ref> == Lamban girma == * Lamba– An bata lamban yabo akan cewa itace macen data fi kowacce mace a cikin kananan mata masu ta sowa. (wacce aka zaɓa)<ref>http://www.punchng.com/moses-oshoala-win-aiteonff-awards/</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Yan kwallo]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 2000]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mata yan kwallan kafa]] 63tyuo8fyocz3t2e97f2iu74lydc7ra 0 15181 549982 295431 2024-12-02T04:45:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549982 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bangaskiya Michael''' (nee '''Ikidi.''' an Haifeta a 28 Fabrairu, 1987) yar wasan kwallan kafa ce na a [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Nijeriya]] wacce take buga baya a Najeriya da kuma Damallsvenskan kulob Piteå IF. Kuma tana cikin tawagar yan kwallan mata ana Najeriya. == Farkon rayuwa == An haife ta a Fatakwal, Najeriya, Ikidi ta girma ne a jihar Edo. == Aikin kulub == A shekarar 2006, Ikidi ta kasance daya daga cikin ‘yan wasan Najeriya uku da suka kasance sahun farko na‘ yan Afirka da suka taka leda a Gasar Sweden yayin bugawa QBIK wasa.<ref name="bbc_breakingbarriers">{{cite web|last1=Reeves|first1=Simon|title=Breaking new barriers|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/4857278.stm|publisher=BBC|access-date=26 April 2016|date=29 March 2006}}</ref> A watan Disambar 2015, Ikidi ya sanya hannu kan karin shekara biyu tare da Piteå.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Zimmer|first1=David|title=Faith ikidi extends with Pitea|url=http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=98&artikel=6329439|publisher=Sveriges Radio|access-date=26 April 2016|date=18 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Faith Ikidi förlänger med Piteå IF|url=http://www.damfotboll.com/nyheter/2015/12/faith-ikidi-forlanger-med-pitea-if|publisher=Dam Football|access-date=26 April 2016|date=18 December 2015|archive-date=5 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605131033/http://www.damfotboll.com/nyheter/2015/12/faith-ikidi-forlanger-med-pitea-if|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyukan duniya == [[File:Faith Ikidi.jpg|thumb|Faith Michael]] Ikiri ya wakilci Najeriya a kan manyan ‘yan wasan kasar tun 2004.<ref>{{cite news|title=One more tune up game for Falcons|url=http://supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/101019/One_more_tune_up_game_for_Falcons|work=Sport24|date=19 October 2010|access-date=13 April 2011}}{{Dead link|date=November 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2006, ta taimaka wa kungiyar lashe Kofin Afirka na Mata na biyar bayan da ta doke Ghana da ci 1 da 0.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Okeleji|first1=Oluwashina|title=Nigeria clinch fifth AWC title|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/6139354.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|access-date=26 April 2016|date=11 November 2006}}</ref> == Girmamawa da kyaututtuka == '''Najeriya''' * Gasar Kofin Afirka ta Mata ta Kasashe : 2006, 2016, 2018 '''Team din kungiyar'''</ * Damallsvenskan: 2009 * Super Cup Mata: 2010 '''Kowane mutum''' * Damallsvenskan Wakilin Shekara: 2015<ref>{{cite web|title=Faith Ikidi delighted to win defender of the year award in Sweden|url=http://www.news24.com.ng/Sport/Football/faith-ikidi-delighted-to-win-defender-of-the-year-award-in-sweden-20151110|publisher=News24|access-date=26 April 2016|date=10 December 2015|archive-date=12 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512183549/http://www.news24.com.ng/Sport/Football/faith-ikidi-delighted-to-win-defender-of-the-year-award-in-sweden-20151110|url-status=dead}}</ref> '''Team din kungiyar''' * Damallsvenskan: 2018 == Rayuwar mutum == Ikidi ta auri mijinta Nick Michael a ranar 12 ga Disamba 2015.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Okonkwo|first1=Oge|title=Super Falcons defender weds fiancé|url=http://pulse.ng/weddings/faith-ikidi-super-falcons-defender-weds-fiance-id4468518.html|publisher=Puse|access-date=26 April 2016|date=16 December 2015|archive-date=14 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514050528/http://pulse.ng/weddings/faith-ikidi-super-falcons-defender-weds-fiance-id4468518.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Faith Michael * [http://www.piteaif.se/member.asp?teamID=10196&memberID=261716 Bayanin Piteå] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812163831/http://piteaif.se/member.asp?teamID=10196&memberID=261716 |date=2016-08-12 }} * [http://www.linkopingfc.com/index.php?playerid=56 Bayanin Linkoping] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mata yan kwallo]] [[Category:Mata yan kwallan kafa]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1987]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Bayelsa]] lro9uu3h8tme0gzrid4lmb1n4nf05ct 0 15245 549517 492232 2024-12-01T16:18:47Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Margaret ekpo.jpg|thumb|zanan Margaret Ekpo mai fafitikan kare hakin dan adam ]] [[Fayil:Margaret Ekpo International Airport Domestics arrival wing, Calabar, Cross River state.jpg|thumb|ta shan jirgin kasa mai sunan Margaret Ekpo a jahar cross river]] [[Fayil:Margaret ekpo.jpg|thumb|Margaret Ekpo]] Cif '''Margaret Ekpo''' (27 ga Yuli, 1914 - 21 ga Satumba, 2006) ta kasance 'yar rajin kare hakkin mata a [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] kuma mai rajin wayar da kan jama'a wacce ta kasance babbar mace' yar siyasa a Jamhuriyyar Farko ta kasar kuma jagora a cikin rukunin mata masu gwagwarmayar mata na gargajiya, yawancinsu. tara mata fiye da tunanin hadin kan kabilu. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayinta na 'yar asalin gari kuma' yar siyasa mai kishin kasa a garin [[Aba]] da ke Gabashin Najeriya, a zamanin tafiyar da tsarin mulki da na maza zuwa neman 'yanci, tare da hawanta ba karamin taimakawa ba ne ta hanyar sanya matsayin mata zuwa na mataimaka ko kuma kari ga ayyukan maza. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Margaret Ekpo ne a garin Creek, na [[Cross River|Jihar Kuros Riba]], ga dangin Okoroafor Obiasulor [wanda asalinsa mutumin Aguluzigbo ne, wani gari ne da ke karkara a Karamar Hukumar Anaocha ta Jihar Anambra] <ref>Stella A. Effah-Attoe and Solomon Odini Jaja,'Margaret Ekpo: Lioness in Nigerian Politics', ALF Publications, 1993</ref> da Inyang Eyo Aniemewue. Ta hanyar mahaifiyarta, ta kasance memba na gidan sarauta na Sarki Eyo Honesty II na Garin Creek. Ta kai matsayin shida na takardar shaidar barin makarantar a 1934. Koyaya, bala'i ya faru a gida tare da mutuwar mahaifinta a cikin 1934, burinta na ƙarin ilimi a cikin horar da malamai sakamakon sakamako ne aka riƙe. Daga nan ta fara aiki a matsayin malama dalibar a makarantun firamare . Ta auri likita, John Udo Ekpo, a 1938. Ya fito ne daga kabilar Ibibio wadanda suka fi yawa a [[Akwa Ibom|jihar Akwa Ibom]], yayin da ita kuma 'yar asalin Ibo ce da Efik . Daga baya ta koma tare da mijinta zuwa Aba. A cikin 1946, ta sami damar yin karatu a ƙasashen waje a cikin abin da ke yanzu Cibiyar Fasaha ta Dublin, Dublin Ireland . Ta yi difloma a fannin kimiyyar cikin gida kuma bayan ta dawo Najeriya ta kafa Cibiyar Kimiyyar Cikin Gida da kuma dinki a Aba. == Harkar siyasa == === Siyasar farko === Shiga farkon shiga Margaret Ekpo cikin ra'ayoyin [[siyasa]] da kawance ya kasance a cikin 1945. Mijinta ya fusata da yadda masu mulkin mallaka ke kula da 'yan asalin Najeriya likitocin amma a matsayinsa na ma'aikacin gwamnati, bai samu damar halartar tarurruka don tattauna batun ba. Daga nan sai Margaret Ekpo ta halarci taruka a madadin mijinta, an shirya tarurrukan ne don tattaunawa kan ayyukan nuna wariyar launin fata da mulkin mallaka ke yi a cikin gari da kuma yaki da rashin daidaiton [[Al'ada|al'adu]] da launin fata wajen ciyar da shugabanci gaba. Daga baya ta halarci wani taron siyasa kuma ita kadai ce mace a wurin taron, wanda ya ga jawabai masu zafi daga Mbonu Ojike, [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] da Herbert Macaulay . A karshen shekaru goma ta shirya kungiyar Matan Mata a Aba don hada kan matan kasuwa a cikin birni. <ref name="Vanguard">"S-South Presidency Long Overdue, But...", ''Vanguard'', Nigeria, 11 July 2005.</ref> Ta yi amfani da ƙungiyar don inganta haɗin kan mata a matsayin dandamalin yaƙi don 'yancin mata na tattalin arziki, kiyaye tattalin arziki da faɗaɗa haƙƙin siyasa na mata. Siyasar Ekpo ta kare ne da fara yakin basasar Najeriya. A wancan lokacin, hukumomin Biafra sun tsare ta tsawon shekaru uku a kurkuku tare da wadataccen abinci. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2006]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] tk6lds3hhfk3l6knegqe7hi9a5xv953 0 15263 549456 526309 2024-12-01T14:11:03Z Mustysummy 21281 karamin gyara 549456 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ada Ameh''' 'yar fim din Najeriya ce wacce ta kwashe sama da shekaru 20 a masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriyar kuma an fi saninta da halayyarta kamar ''Anita'' a shekarar 1996 mai taken " ''Domitilla"'' da kuma ''Emu Johnson'' a cikin jerin kyautuka na Gidan Talabijin na Najeriya mai taken The Johnsons .<ref name="Olukomaiya2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/09/17/the-johnsons-cast-win-city-peoples-movie-awards/|title=`The Johnsons’ cast win City People’s Movie awards|last=Olukomaiya|first=Olufunmilola|date=2018-09-17|website=P.M. News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref>Ameh In The Johnsons Tv jerin da aka gabatar tare da sauran ' yan wasan Nollywood kamar su Charles Inojie, Chinedu Ikedieze & Olumide Oworu . ta kasance daya daga cikin mata sanannu.<ref name="guardian2">{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/ada-ameh-story-of-an-inimitable-actress/|title=Ada Ameh: Story of an inimitable actress|website=guardian.ng|last=Husseini|first=Shaibu|date=25 March 2016|access-date=3 December 2019|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203224908/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/ada-ameh-story-of-an-inimitable-actress/}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/my-father-cried-when-i-got-pregnant-at-14-ada-ameh/|title=My father cried when I got pregnant at 14 –Ada Ameh|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa da ilimi == Ameh yaren Idoma ce , a [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Binuwai]], An haife ta a Ajegunle a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]], a kudu maso yammacin kasa na Najeriya yawanci sun shagaltar da [[Yarbanci|Yoruba]] magana mutane na [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . Ameh tayi karatun firamare da na sakandare a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]] amma daga karshe ta bar makaranta tana da shekara 14.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allure.vanguardngr.com/2018/04/i-dropped-out-of-school-at-age-14-actress-ada-ameh/|title=I dropped out of school at age 14- Actress, Ada Ameh|last=RITA|date=2018-04-19|website=Vanguard Allure|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref> == Ayyukan ta == Ameh A 1995 a hukumance ta zama wani ɓangare na masana'antar fina-finai ta Nollywood kuma ta karɓi matsayin fim dinta na farko a shekarar 1996 inda ta fito a matsayin fim ɗin ''Anita'' a fim ɗin ''"Domitila"'' fim ɗin da daga ƙarshe ya zama mai nasara kuma mai ƙarfi. Zeb Ejiro ne ya shirya fim din kuma ya ba da umarni. Ameh ya kuma fito a cikin jerin Talabijin na Najeriya mai taken <nowiki><i id="mwLQ">The Johnsons</i></nowiki> wanda kuma ya zama aikin nasara wanda ya sami lambobin yabo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/garlands-for-the-essential-gifted-ada-ameh/|title=Garlands for the essential, gifted Ada Ameh|date=2019-05-18|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-03|archive-date=2019-05-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524083457/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/garlands-for-the-essential-gifted-ada-ameh/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar ta == Ameh yana da diya wacce ta haifa tun tana shekara 14.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allure.vanguardngr.com/tag/ada-ameh/|title=Ada Ameh Archives|website=Vanguard Allure|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref>A ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 2020, ta sanar a shafinta na Instagram mutuwar 'yarta, Aladi Godgifts Ameh. Ameh tana da yare da yawa kuma tana magana da yarenta na gida cikin harshen Idoma, [[Turanci]], [[Yarbanci]] da [[Harshen Ibo|Igbo]] .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/i-did-not-lose-weight-to-please-men-ada-ameh/|title=I did not lose weight to please men –Ada Ameh|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref>A shekarar 2017 an ba wa Ameh sarauta a [[Benue (jiha)|jihar Benuwe]] .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.informationng.com/2017/11/johnsons-actress-ada-ameh-lands-chieftaincy-title-benue-state.html|title=‘The Johnsons’ Actress, Ada Ameh Lands Chieftaincy Title In Benue State|last=Olayinka|date=2017-11-12|website=Information Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref> == Zababbun fina finai == * ''Domitila (1996) as Anita'' * ''[[Aki na Ukwa]] (with [[Osita Iheme]] & [[Chinedu Ikedieze]])'' * ''[[Phone Swap]] (2012) as Cynthia (with [[Wale Ojo]], [[Chika Okpala]], [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] & [[Joke Silva]])'' * ''Blood Money'' * ''Atlas (2017) Mama Vero'' * ''[[Òlòtūré]] (2019) as Titi'' * ''Our Husband (2017) as Mama Adisa'' * ''King Of Shitta (2013) as Madam'' * ''Ghana Must Go (2016)'' * ''A Million Baby (2017)'' * ''One Good Turn (2005)'' * ''Double Trouble'' * ''My Village People (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nwogu|first=Precious|date=31 May 2021|title=Watch the official trailer for 'My Village People'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/watch-the-official-trailer-for-my-village-people/h35pdsn|access-date=8 June 2021|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> as Witch'' * ''Mighty (2022) as Mama'' * ''On my honour (2021)'' * ''Lockdown (2021) as Mrs. Adebola'' * ''Mr. & Mrs. Okoli (2021) Mama Okoli'' * ''Gone (2021) <ref name="Ada Ameh">{{Cite web |title=Ada Ameh |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1579661/ |access-date=18 July 2022 |website=IMDb |language=en}}</ref> as Ani's Aunty'' * ''[[The Sessions (2020 film)|The Sessions]]<ref name="Ada Ameh" /> (2020) as Aunty Rose'' *''5 Days to New Year (2022) as Mama Rebe'' ===TV jerin=== * [[The Johnsons (Nigerian Series)|''The Johnsons'']] starring [[Samuel Ajibola]], [[Charles Inojie]], Susan Pwajok, Ada Ameh, [[Chinedu Ikedieze]], [[Olumide Oworu]], [[Kunle Bamtefa]], Stephanie Zibili, Gaji Samuel, Daniel Iroegbu, Seun Adebajo. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Ada Ameh on IMDb [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Mata yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Mata yan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1974]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2022]] 1ggvtqdqzk9ethtj59pez4ivpxj2y79 0 15288 549891 306845 2024-12-01T23:11:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cecelia Akagu''' Birgediya Janar ce a Sojojin Najeriya. Ita akawu ce kuma tana aiki a Daraktan Lissafi na Sojojin. Ta auri Clifford Wande wanda shi ma Birgediya Janar ne a Sojojin Najeriya. Su ne ma'aurata na farko da duka biyun suka samu mukamin Birgediya Janar a Sojojin Najeriya. == Aiki da rayuwar iyali == Cecelia Akagu ƴar asalin [[Ankpa]] ce a karamar hukumar Ankpa na [[Kogi|jihar Kogi]], [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]]. Ita akawu ce a ma’aikatar kudi a rundunar sojojin Najeriya. Ita ce Daraktan Kula da Asusun Sojoji.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-army-couple-who-are-both-generalshow-we-met-married-and-coped-with-war/|title=Nigerian Army couple who are both generals:How we met, married and coped with war}}</ref> Ta auri Mista Clifford Wanda shi ma Birgediya Janar ne a Sojojin Najeriya. Mista Clifford Wanda ya fito ne daga kauyen Enugu Ngwo da ke karamar hukumar Enugu ta Arewa a Jihar Enugu, Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|title=Interesting world of couple who are army generals|website=Pulse Nigeria|date=2016-03-13|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/military-love-story-interesting-world-of-couple-who-are-army-generals/kxtj73s|access-date=2020-07-21|archive-date=2020-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219130045/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/military-love-story-interesting-world-of-couple-who-are-army-generals/kxtj73s|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2015/12/06/nigeria%E2%80%99s-power-couple-brigadier-general-cecilia-u-akagu-and-brigadier-gen-clifford-b|title=Nigeria’s Power Couple: Brigadier General Cecilia U. Akagu and Brigadier Gen. Clifford B. Wanda|date=December 6, 2015|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://howng.com/tag/brig-gen-cecelia-akagu/?nonamp=1|title=Brig.-Gen. Cecelia Akagu – How Nigeria News|website=howng.com}}</ref> Birgediya Janar Cecelia Akagu da Birgediya Janar Clifford Wanda ba su ne kwamishinoni na farko da aka ba da umarnin yin aure ba a cikin Sojojin Najeriya ba. Koyaya, su ne ma'aurata na farko da suka sami matsayin Birgediya Janar a matsayin ma'aurata.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2015/12/06/nigeria%E2%80%99s-power-couple-brigadier-general-cecilia-u-akagu-and-brigadier-gen-clifford-b|title=Nigeria’s Power Couple: Brigadier General Cecilia U. Akagu and Brigadier Gen. Clifford B. Wanda|date=December 6, 2015|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref> Cecelia Akagu da Clifford Wanda sun hadu a shekarar 1990 a lokacin da suke kan darasi a Sojojin Najeriya. Da yake an ba su aiki duka, sun kuma fara karatun koyar da su a Jaji. Abokan hulɗa ne yayin fuskantarwa duk da cewa Cecelia Akagu ta kasance Laftana ta Biyu kuma Clifford Wande ta kasance Laftana a lokacin karatun. Suna da yara biyu, namiji da mace.<ref name="auto12">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/nigerian-army-couple-who-are-both-generalshow-we-met-married-and-coped-with-war/|title=Nigerian Army couple who are both generals:How we met, married and coped with war}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1126804-army-generals-fell-love-orientation-camp-story.html|title=Military love! Meet army generals who fell in love and got married in 1990|first=Seun|last=Durojaiye|date=September 23, 2017|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.}}</ref> == Duba Kuma == * [[:en:Nigerian_Army|Sojojin Najeriya]] * [[:en:Tukur_Yusuf_Buratai|Tukur Yusuf Buratai]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] p594ovanp83vqslcfjjcnv7l13y4vxu 0 15574 550005 349001 2024-12-02T05:29:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Florence Omagbemi''' (an haife ta 2 February 1975) yar Nigeria ce [[Kwallan Kwando|football]] wacce take buga tsakiya. Tana daya daga cikin kungiyar Mata na Nigeria national football inda ta buga FIFA Women's World Cups, sau hudu da kuma wasu african Women Cup of Nations a shekara ta 2000 a Summer Olympics. A shekara ta 2016 an bata cocin rikon kwarya na nigeria, kuma tayi mataimakin coci na matan Nigeria Yan kasa da shekara 20. Ta fara horar da yan wasa a america == Wasan duniya == Omagbemi ta buga wa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya sama da shekaru goma, inda ta fito a gasar Kofin Duniya ta Mata hudu da suka hada da kasancewa mamba a kungiyar da ta kai zagaye na biyu a shekarar (1999) kafin ta sha kashi a hannun Brazil . A matsayinta na kyaftin, ta dauki Kofin Afirka na Mata tare da "Super Falcons" a lokuta hudu a (1998, 2000) (2002 zuwa 2004) . Ita ma tana daga cikin 'yan wasan Najeriya da suka shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara a karon farko a gasar 2000 a Australia. == Kocin aiki == Omagbemi ta fara aikin koyawa ne tare da wasu kungiyoyin matasa na kasar Amurka, kafin a kira ta ta zama mataimakiyar mai horar da kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta kasa da shekaru 20 ta mata . Duk da yake a wannan wuri, da tawagar ta kai semifinals na 2012 FIFA U-20 mata gasar cin kofin duniya kafin ana shafe ta da United States . Omagbemi an nada shi a matsayin kocin rikon kwarya na babbar kungiyar kasa domin gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka ta mata ta 2016 . Najeriya ta kasance ba ta da koci tun lokacin da aka kori Christopher Danjuma sakamakon rashin tabuka abin kirki a kungiyar a Gasar Afirka ta 2015 . Wata daya kafin fara gasar, ya bayyana cewa Omagbemi ya kasance ba albashi daga Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya . A martani, NFF ta ba da tabbacin cewa za a biya ta kafin kungiyar ta tashi zuwa gasar. A ranar 3 ga Disambar 2016 Omagbemi ta zama mace ta farko da ta lashe Kofin Kasashen Afirka na mata a matsayin 'yar wasa da kuma koci. == Daraja == ; Najeriya '''A matsayin dan wasa''' * Gasar matan Afirka (4): 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004 '''A matsayin koci''' * Gwarzon Matan Afirka : 2016 == Duba kuma == * Najeriya a Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2000 == Bayanan kula == {{Reflist}} == Manazarta == * Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Florence Omagbemi". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * http://pulse.ng/sports/football/florence-omagbemi-super-falcons-coach-loses-dad-id5849243.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907032559/https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/florence-omagbemi-super-falcons-coach-loses-dad-id5849243.html |date=2018-09-07 }} * [http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/7255/african-women-championship/2016/11/28/29937372/florence-omagbemi-is-a-very-good-coach-says-ngozi-okobi http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/7255/african-women-championship/2016/11/28/29937372/florence-omagbemi-is-a-very-good-coach-says-ngozi- okobi] * http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/12/10/florence-omagbemi-her-crowning-glory/ [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] jfhqn0ff4in7ml7hbppoxh8uvfb274j 0 15591 549993 520827 2024-12-02T05:08:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Catalogue of a valuable collection of ancient bronze coins, the property of F.H. Bierbower ... (06-22-1885) (IA catalogueofvalua00coga 26).pdf|thumb|littafi akan fausat adebola]] '''Fausat Adebola Ibikunle''' ita ce ministar ma'aikatar gidaje da ci gaban '''birane''' a yanzu kuma itace babbar mai Kula da Birane<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-12|title=El-Rufai swears in commissioners|url=https://guardian.ng/news/el-rufai-swears-in-commissioners/|access-date=2020-11-09|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109102606/https://guardian.ng/news/el-rufai-swears-in-commissioners/|url-status=dead}}</ref> da Bunkasa Jihar Kaduna (KASUPDA), Gwamnan Jihar [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]] Malam [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai]] ne ya naɗa ta.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2019-07-03|title=El-Rufai nominates 11 Commissioners for Kaduna|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/338519-breaking-el-rufai-nominates-11-commissioners-for-kaduna.html|access-date=2020-11-09|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-12|title=El-Rufai swears in new commissioners in Kaduna, sues for diligence|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/el-rufai-swears-in-new-commissioners-in-kaduna-sues-for-diligence/4m2t7ge|access-date=2020-11-09|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226003935/https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/el-rufai-swears-in-new-commissioners-in-kaduna-sues-for-diligence/4m2t7ge|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-03|title=El-Rufai appoints Yoruba architect as commissioner|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/07/03/el-rufai-appoints-yoruba-architect-as-commissioner/|access-date=2020-11-09|website=P.M. News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=IV|first=Editorial|date=2019-07-03|title=Kaduna: El-Rufai appoints spokesman as internal security commissioner, 10 others|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/kaduna-el-rufai-appoints-spokesman-as-internal-security-commissioner-10-others/|access-date=2020-11-09|website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited|language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da Ilimi == An haifi Fausat, a jihar Kaduna. Ta karanci Gine-gine, sannan ta samu takardar shaidar digiri a jami'ar Ahmadu Bello inda ta kammala a shekara ta 1983.<ref name=":0" /> == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 1984, ta kuma yi aiki tare da [[Ma'aikatar Tsaron Najeriya|Ma’aikatar Tsaro]], sannan daga baya Hukumar Raya Babban Birnin Tarayya. Ta kasance ashekara ta 2005, mataimakiyar darekta a Sashen Gina Jama’a. A shekara ta 2007, Fausat ta zama mataimakiyar darekta a Sakatariyar Kiwon Lafiya da Hidima a [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] Daga baya ta zama kwamishina na Gidaje da Raya Birane.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fausat Adebola Ibikunle|url=https://metrodailyng.com/tag/fausat-adebola-ibikunle/|access-date=2020-11-09|website=We Break the News as the Events Unfold!|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119041335/https://metrodailyng.com/tag/fausat-adebola-ibikunle/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Tauna|first=Amos|date=2019-07-05|title=Kaduna Assembly confirms 11 commissioners, appoints principal officers|url=https://dailypost.ng/2019/07/05/kaduna-assembly-confirms-11-commissioners-appoints-principal-officers/|access-date=2020-11-09|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref>A yanzu haka ita ce babbar manaja na Hukumar Tsara Birane da Raya Ƙasa (KASUPDA) na Jihar Kaduna. <ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/07/03/el-rufai-appoints-yoruba-architect-as-commissioner/</ref> <ref>https://www.blueprint.ng/kaduna-el-rufai-appoints-spokesman-as-internal-security-commissioner-10-others/</ref> == Manazartai == {{Reflist|1}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * "Kaduna State Urban Planning and Development Agency (KASUPDA)". kasupda.kdsg.gov.ng. Retrieved 2020-11-09. [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mutane]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Yarbawa]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Kaduna]] 8bstktlmkjkbfo9n5dn4ovj49mtyxwa 0 15631 549858 472426 2024-12-01T21:59:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549858 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Beverly Ada Mary Osu''' (an haife tane a ranar 27 ga watan Satumban shekarar 1992) 'yar Nijeriya ce mai yin wasan kwaikwayo, wacce take samfuri kuma' yar wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/99-percent-of-women-fake-orgasm-beverly-osu/|title=99 percent of women fake orgasm – Beverly Osu|last=Rapheal|date=2019-10-12|website=The Sun Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref> Galibi sananne ne ga rawar da take takawa a fina-finai da yawa da kuma shiga cikin kakar 8th ta <nowiki><i id="mwDA">Big Brother Africa</i></nowiki> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1089952-beverly-osu-biography-success.html|title=Beverly Osu: Life and modelling career|last=Chinasa|first=Hannah|date=2017-02-23|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en|access-date=2019-12-14|archive-date=2019-12-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214182358/https://www.legit.ng/1089952-beverly-osu-biography-success.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allure.vanguardngr.com/2019/06/cosmetic-surgery-beverly-osu-issues-advice-to-ladies/|title=Cosmetic surgery: Beverly Osu issues advice to ladies|last=RITA|date=2019-06-26|website=Vanguard Allure|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref> Osu ya ci Gwarzon Shekarar Shekarar a Dynamix All Youth Awards na 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/beverly-osu-catholic-nun-nude/|title=Beverly Osu defends racy pictures in nun outfit, says 'I'm Catholic'|date=2018-09-11|website=TheCable Lifestyle|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-15}}</ref> == GRayuwar farko da ilimi == [[Fayil:Beverly Osu cropped.png|thumb|Beverly Osu]] Osu, wanda dan asalin [[Delta (jiha)|jihar Delta ne]], haifaffen [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Lagos ne]], kudu maso yammacin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://buzznigeria.com/beverly-osu/|title=Beverly Osu – 10 Things You Didn’t Know About This Actress/Model|date=2014-02-07|website=BuzzNigeria - Famous People, Celebrity Bios, Updates and Trendy News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref>Osu ta yi karatun firamare ne daga ughtersayan ofaunar Conaunar Allah, wata makaranta da ke [[Enugu (jiha)|Jihar Enugu]] . A cikin neman samun B.Sc. digiri, ta nema zuwa Jami'ar Babcock, inda aka ba ta izinin karatu kan sadarwa. Koyaya, ta canza zuwa Jami'ar [[National Open University of Nigeria]] kuma ta sami digiri na sadarwa a can.<ref name="Published">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/i-received-death-threats-over-racy-nun-pictures-i-took-beverly-osu/|title=I received death threats over racy nun pictures I took –Beverly Osu|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref> == ''Fim din Big Brother'' == A cikin shekarar 2013, Osu ya wakilci Nijeriya a cikin lokaci na 8 na ''Big Brother Africa'', ya zama ɗan takara kaɗai da ba a taɓa zaɓar sa don yiwuwar fitar da shi ba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.informationng.com/2013/08/beverly-osu-breaks-big-brother-africa-record.html|title=Beverly Osu Breaks Big Brother Africa Record|last=Deolu|date=2013-08-13|website=Information Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/07/bba-update-nigerian-rep-beverly-osu-makes-out-with-angelo/|title=BBA update: Nigerian rep Beverly Osu makes out with Angelo|date=2013-07-08|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/bba-8-nigerias-osu-angelo-make-love-in-bath-tub/|title=BBA 8: Nigeria’s Osu, Angelo make love in bath tub|date=2013-08-03|website=The Eagle Online|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://encomium.ng/beverly-osu-opens-up-on-porn-film-mess-yes-the-person-is-real-and-looks-like-me-but-not-me/|title=BEVERLY Osu was the Nigerian representative at the just concluded Big Brother Africa. On Thursday, October 17, 2013, two pictures and video went viral depicting that she once shot a real porn movie. In an exclusive interview with ENCOMIUM Weekly on Friday, October 18, 2013, Beverly opened up on this and sundry issues. {{!}} Encomium Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14|archive-date=December 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214193704/http://encomium.ng/beverly-osu-opens-up-on-porn-film-mess-yes-the-person-is-real-and-looks-like-me-but-not-me/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Published2">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/i-received-death-threats-over-racy-nun-pictures-i-took-beverly-osu/|title=I received death threats over racy nun pictures I took –Beverly Osu|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Bidiyo vixen da Zamani === Gaba ɗayan aikin Osu ya sami karbuwa sosai saboda shigarta cikin babban shirin dan uwan gaskiya amma duk da haka Osu ta fara aikinta a masana'antar nishadantarwa ta Najeriya a matsayin abin koyi kuma a shekarar 2011 ta sami lambar yabo ta samfurin shekara a kyautar Dynamix. Osu a matsayin bidiyo vixen<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/beverly-osu-modelvideo-vixen-releases-sexy-pre-birthday-photos/t7nprp6.amp|title=Beverly Osu Model/Video Vixen Releases Sexy Pre- Birthday Photos|website=www.pulse.ng|access-date=2019-12-15|archive-date=2019-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215005501/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/beverly-osu-modelvideo-vixen-releases-sexy-pre-birthday-photos/t7nprp6.amp|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/veezee-beverly-osu-where-did-the-famous-video-vixens-go-to/hktq1wy.amp|title=Veezee, Beverly Osu Where did the famous video vixens go to?|website=www.pulse.ng|access-date=2019-12-15}}</ref>ta kasance cikin bidiyon kide-kide na fitattun mawaƙa na Najeriya waɗanda suka fi bayyana a cikin bidiyon kiɗan ''Ice Prince'' a cikin waƙar mai taken ''Oleku'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00028623.html|title=Nigeria's Top-Rated Musical Video Vixens|date=2014-01-24|website=allAfrica.com|language=en|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref>''Terry da rapman'' a cikin waƙar mai taken ''Samari ba sa murmushi'', ''Djinee'' a cikin waƙar mai taken ''Sama da kisan'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/beverly-osu-bba-experience-taught-tolerate-people/|title=BEVERLY OSU: BBA experience taught me to tolerate people|date=2017-11-18|website=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-15}}</ref> da ''Kizz Daniel'' a cikin waƙar mai taken ''Madu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://culturecustodian.com/kizz-daniel-and-beverly-osu-are-lovers-in-the-explicit-video-for-madu/|title=Kizz Daniel and Beverly Osu are Lovers in the explicit video for Madu|last=Onabanjo|first=Adedamola|date=2019-02-11|website=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014)|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-15}}</ref>'' === Yin aiki === Osu ta fara aikin wasan kwaikwayo shekara guda bayan an kammala Babban Brotheran'uwan Afirka lokacin 8. Osu a shekarar 2014 ta karɓi rawar fim dinta na farko kuma ta fito a fim din mai suna ''La'anan Bakwai<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2014/11/07/beverly-osu-bags-debut-movie-role/|title=Beverly Osu Bags Debut Movie Role|date=2014-11-07|website=P.M. News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref>'' inda ta fito tare da dan wasan Nollywood Ken Erics . == Amincewa da yarjejeniyar == Osu shine babban jakadan kasuwanci ne na ''Ivie Hai'' r da kayan kwalliyar ''Prestige<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.informationng.com/2014/04/beverly-osu-gets-new-endorsement-with-ivie-hair-as-brand-ambassador.html|title=Beverly Osu Gets New Endorsement With Ivie Hair As Brand Ambassador|last=Haliwud|date=2014-04-15|website=Information Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://encomium.ng/beverly-osu-gets-first-endorsement/|title=Good things are beginning to come the way of ex-Big Brother Nigerian house mate Beverly Osu. The controversial lady just got her first endorsement as face of Prestige Cosmetics. {{!}} Encomium Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14|archive-date=2019-12-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214225109/https://encomium.ng/beverly-osu-gets-first-endorsement/|url-status=dead}}</ref>'' == Lamban girma == Osu a shekara ta 2011 ta lashe lambar yabo ta ''Top Video Vixen ta Najeriya'' a ''lambar yabo'' ta ''Dynamix'' kuma a cikin shekarar ne ta lashe kyautar ''Model of the Year'' a Dynamix Awards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://youthvillageng.com/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-beverly-osu/|title=10 Things You Didn't Know About Beverly Osu|date=2016-05-23|website=Youth Village Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14|archive-date=2019-12-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214213748/https://youthvillageng.com/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-beverly-osu/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar ta == Tun Osu yana ƙarami ya so ya zama 'yar uwa mai martaba kuma ya shiga makarantar zinare a cikin [[Enugu (jiha)|jihar Enugu]] . Osu daga baya yayi watsi da wannan buri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/i-reverend-sister-beverly-osu/|title=I would have been a Reverend Sister but... —Beverly Osu » Kleiglight » Tribune Online|date=2017-09-09|website=Tribune Online|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref> == Fina finai == === Fina-finai (na bangare) === * ''YIyali (2019)'' * ''Cif Daddy (2018) a matsayin Sandra Bello'' * ''Zena (2018) azaman Pohila'' * ''Oloture (kamar yadda Peju)'' * ''Labari na Sojoji: Komawa Daga Mutuwa (Kamar Yarinya)'' * ''La'anan Bakwai (2014)'' * Mai Girma (2019) == Manazartai == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://m.imdb.com/name/nm9599989/ IMDb Shafin Beverly Osu] [[Category:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Mata yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Lagos]] n52r9ttido9nlw0c68t4j3l2k390uo2 0 15811 549880 447599 2024-12-01T22:57:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carol King''' (haihuwa ranar 24 ga watan Yuli, 1963) ta kasance [[Nigeria|yar'Najeriya]] ce [[Yar'fim|mai-shiri]]n fim da kuma aikin shirye-shirye a radio, wacce akafi sani da "Jumoke" na cikin shirin TV din ''Everyday People''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/04/18/from-tv-to-the-big-screen-nigerian-soap-opera-sweetheart-carol-king-stars-in-the-gods-are-still-not-to-blame-alongside-ireti-doyle-nobert-young-gabriel-afolayan-more-speaks-on-her-family-c/ | title=From TV to the Big Screen! Nigerian Soap Opera Sweetheart Carol King stars in "The Gods Are Still Not To Blame" alongside Ireti Doyle, Nobert Young, Gabriel Afolayan & More, Speaks on Her Family, Career & Movie Role | publisher=[[BellaNaija]] | author=Adeola Adeyemo | date=18 April 2013 | accessdate=25 August 2015}}</ref> ansanya Kuma amatsayin fitowarta na "mahaifiya" acikin drama na TV, Carol ta fito da dama acikin [[soap opera]]s da fina-finan da suka hada da ''The Gods Are Still Not To Blame'' da ''[[Dazzling Mirage]]'', wani fim din 2014 na drama da [[Tunde Kelani]] yayi darekta.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thenet.ng/2013/04/bukky-ajayi-dele-odule-ireti-doyle-nobert-young-star-in-movie-adaptation-of-the-gods-are-not-to-blame/ | title=Bukky Ajayi, Dele Odule, Ireti Doyle, Nobert Young star in movie adaptation of ‘The gods are not to blame' | work=[[Nigerian Entertainment Today]] | author=Olamide Jasanja | date=10 April 2013 | accessdate=25 August 2015 | archive-date=20 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620050548/http://thenet.ng/2013/04/bukky-ajayi-dele-odule-ireti-doyle-nobert-young-star-in-movie-adaptation-of-the-gods-are-not-to-blame/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwarta == Caroline King ayanzu tana zaune ne a [[Jihar Lagos]] kuma tana da aure taré da Captain Kolawole King wanda tare dashi suna da yara uku, ta sure shine bayan mutuwar aurenta na farko.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/12056/14/caroline-king-my-man-comes-before-acting.html |title=CAROLINE KING: MY MAN COMES BEFORE ACTING |publisher=Nigeria Films |author=Bolatito Adebayo |date=5 June 2011 |access-date=25 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512205338/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/12056/14/caroline-king-my-man-comes-before-acting.html |archive-date=12 May 2016 |df= }}</ref> == Fina-finai == ===TV series=== * '' I Need To Know'' * ''Everyday People'' * ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' * ''Everyday People'' * ''Edge of Paradise'' * ''Blaze of Glory'' * ''Eko Law''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/eko-law-watch-monalisa-chinda-carol-king-bimbo-manuel-ronke-oshodi-oke-in-teaser-id4004393.html | title=Watch Monalisa Chinda, Carol King, Bimbo Manuel, Ronke Oshodi Oke in teaser | publisher=Pulse Nigeria | author=Chidumga Izuzu | date=23 July 2015 | accessdate=25 August 2015 | archive-date=19 August 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150819175459/http://pulse.ng/movies/eko-law-watch-monalisa-chinda-carol-king-bimbo-manuel-ronke-oshodi-oke-in-teaser-id4004393.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> * ''Emerald'' * Skinny Girl In Transit === drama === * ''V Monologues'' * ''Ajayi Crowther'' * ''Five Maidens of Fadaka'' * ''Prison Chronicles'' * ''The Wives''<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2011/07/11/kate-henshaw-carol-king-others-star-in-the-wives/ | title=Kate Henshaw, Carol King, Others Star In The Wives | work=[[P.M. News]] | date=11 July 2011 | accessdate=25 August 2015}}</ref> ===Finafinai=== * ''Pasito Dehinde'' * ''[[Dazzling Mirage]]'' * ''For Colored Girls'' * ''The Gods Are Still Not To Blame'' * ''Journey To Self'' * ''North East'' == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:King, Carol}} [[category:Haifaffun 1963]] gcy87y43jduryxvnmdbu3d30cka5pwi 0 15961 549552 494746 2024-12-01T17:32:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Abiola Segun-Williams (cropped).png|thumb|Hoton Abiola]] '''Abiola Segun Williams''' ƴar fim ce ƴar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] da aka fi sani da Titi K a rawar da ta taka a Talabijin na TV soap Tinsel. == Rayuwar Farko == An haifeta a [[Lagos (jiha)|Lagos]] kuma anan ta girma. Abiola ta kammala karatunta na sakandare a shekarar 1983 sannan ta karanci fannin wasan kwaikwayo a jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo, Ile Ife. Ta fito a fina-finai da yawa kamar su "In ''the cupboard"'' daga Desmond Elliot, ''"I will take my chances"'' Emem Isong ya samar da ''Damages tare da Uche Jombo'', Tana da aure kuma suna da yara biyu. Tana fama da cutar rashin kumburi wanda ke shafar fata da wasu gabobin jiki wanda ya fara wani lokaci a baya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/beauty-health/abiola-segun-williams-tinsel-actress-opens-up-on-dealing-with-scleroderma-id5640193.html|title=Abiola Segun Williams: Tinsel actress opens up on dealing with Scleroderma|last=Olarewaju|first=Olamide|access-date=2018-08-23|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-08-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823105812/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/beauty-health/abiola-segun-williams-tinsel-actress-opens-up-on-dealing-with-scleroderma-id5640193.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Abiola Segun Williams ta zama ƙwararriyar ƴar fim daga 1986. Har ila yau, a makaranta ta fara wasan kwaikwayo don samun abin dogaro a matsayin kwararriyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. Mun yi abubuwa da yawa daga makaranta. A fagen sana'a, banda karatun zane-zane ba, na fara fita a matsayin dan wasan kwaikwayo a 1988, mun kawo wasannin kwaikwayo da yawa zuwa Lagos, Ibadan, Jos, [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]], da sauransu. Fim ɗin ta na Farko shine wasan kwaikwayo - "Remilekun Jankarino" na Ben Tomiloju a 1986 == Manazarta == <references /> [[Category:Ƴan fim]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Yarbawa]] [[Category:Mata]] jabbdjffjeocrgmpvgbyklpwcihm1c9 0 16076 549983 526386 2024-12-02T04:45:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549983 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Faithia Williams.png|thumb|Faithia Balogun]] '''Faithia Williams''' (an haife ta ranar 5 ga watan Fabrairu, 1969) ’ yar fim ce ta [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Nijeriya]], mai shirya fina-finai, furodusa kuma darakta.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150216225233/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/saheed-balogun-with-good-pay-i-ll-act-with-fathia/165544/</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Faithia Balogun wanda dan asalin [[Delta (jiha)|jihar Delta]] ne, an haifeshi ne a [[Ikeja]] a watan Fabrairu shekarar 1969. Ta yi makarantar firamare ta Maryland da kuma Maryland Comprehensive Secondary School a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]], inda ta samu takardar shedar makarantar ta Afirka ta Yamma kafin ta ci gaba zuwa Kwalejin Fasaha ta Jihar Kwara inda ta samu takardar difloma. == Ayyuka == Williams ta kasance tauraruwa, shiryawa da kuma ba da umarni fina-finai da yawa a cikin shekarun da suka gabata. A shekara ta 2008, ta lashe lambar yabo ta Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don ''thean wasan Actan'' wasan da suka fi fice kuma fim ɗin ta ''Iranse Aje ya'' lashe mafi kyawun ''filman'' asalin ƙasar na shekarar. A watan Afrilu na shekarar 2014, ta lashe kyautar Kwalejin Koyon Fina-Finan Afirka, bayan da ta zama zakakiyar ’yar fim a bana tare da Odunlade Adekola wacce ta zama zakara a shekarar. Ta kuma lashe Kyakkyawan Harshen igenan Asali: Yarbanci don aikin da aka yi a fim ɗin Iya Alalake a Gwarzon Africawararrun Masu Kallon Afirka na shekarar 2015 AMVCA == Rayuwar mutum == Williams ta taba auren tsohon dan wasan kwaikwayo na nollywood, Saheed Balogun, wanda ta haifa masa yara biyu, namiji da diya. Tana kuma da ɗa daga tsohuwar dangantakar. == Lambobin yabo == * Mostan asalin Actan wasan kwaikwayon da yafi fice (2008) * AMVCA Mafi Kyawun Harshen Yarbanci Yarbanci (2015) ==Filmography== *''Farayola'' (2009) as Niniola *''Aje meta'' (2008) as Mojisola *''Aje metta 2'' (2008) as Mojisola *''Awawu'' (2015)<ref>{{cite web|title=Awawu: Watch Muyiwa Ademola, Fathia Balogun in new movie's trailer|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/awawu-watch-muyiwa-ademola-fathia-balogun-in-new-movies-trailer-id3772702.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|date=19 May 2015|publisher=Gbenga Bada|access-date=19 May 2015|archive-date=25 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525074516/http://pulse.ng/movies/awawu-watch-muyiwa-ademola-fathia-balogun-in-new-movies-trailer-id3772702.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> *''Teni Teka'' (2015)<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://yorubamovies.com.ng/fathia-balogun-movies|title=Latest Fathia Balogun Movies & Filmograpghy<!--sic-->|work=Yoruba Movies|access-date=2017-05-08|language=en-US|archive-date=5 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005030754/http://yorubamovies.com.ng/fathia-balogun-movies|url-status=dead}}</ref> *''Omo Ale'' (2015) *''Agbelebu Mi'' (2016) *''Basira Badia'' (2016)<ref name=":0" /> *''Adakeja'' (2016)<ref name=":0" /> *''Eku Eda'' (2006)<ref name=":0" /> *''[[Shola Arikusa (film)|Shola Arikusa]] (2017) as Shola Arikusa'' *''10 Days In Sun City (''2017)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fathia Balogun |url=https://www.imdb.com/filmosearch?role=nm2099511&job_type=actress |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=IMDb |language=en}}</ref> as Ms. Ajoke *''Victims'' (2017) as Mama Yeni *''My Woman'' (2018)<ref name=":0" /> *''Ehi's Bitters'' (2018) as Ehi's Mother *''Seven and a Half Dates'' (2018) as Mrs. Cole *''Merry Men: The Real Yoruba Demons'' (2018) as Iya Abdul *''To Love Again'' (2018) as Mama Bose *''[[Mokalik]]'' (Mechanic) 2019 - as Iya Mulika *''[[Dear Affy]]'' (2020) as Aunty Munumidun *''Oba Bi Olorun'' (2021) as Oritoke *''Esin'' (2021) as Raheemot *''Osun, the Goddess'' (2021) *''[[President Kuti]] (2021) as Kobewude'' *''Hatred'' (2021) *''Alagogo Ide'' (2021) *''Tree'' (2022) *''Ojukoro'' (2022) as Mummy Rinsola *''[[Aníkúlápó]]'' (2022) as Ojumo Queen *Eri Ife (2022) as Mummy *Mr Perfect (2022) as Jubril's Sister *''[[Jagun Jagun]]'' (2023) as Erinfunto *''[[A Tribe Called Judah]]'' (2023) as Mama Caro *On the Edge (2024) *Beast of Two Worlds (2024) == Duba kuma == * Jerin mutanen Yarbawa == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] tortjpy1s87mkndgsp5mk0ckqaizaox 0 16094 549967 526355 2024-12-02T04:06:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Empress Njamah''' yar wasan kwaikwayo ce a kasar Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/celebrity-birthday-empress-njamah-is-a-year-older-id4365465.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2017-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170509112408/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/celebrity-birthday-empress-njamah-is-a-year-older-id4365465.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>. A shekarar 2012, an zabe ta a matsayin wacce ta fi nuna goyon baya ga 'yar wasa a Gwarzon Kwalejin Fim ta yankin Afirka, amma ta sha kashi a hannun Terry Pheto . == Rayuwar mutum == Iyayen Njamah 'yan asalin kasar Najeriya ne da Kamaru. Ta kammala karatun Turanci ne a Jami’ar Olabisi Onabanjo, [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] . Ta taɓa yin kwanan wata da Timaya, amma dangantakar ta ƙare bayan ta zama batun tattaunawa a kan kafofin watsa labarun. Da take tsokaci game da zaman aurenta, ta bayyana cewa bata damu da rashin zama ba tunda iyalinta sun waye kuma sun fahimci cewa matsayin mata da maza bai dace ba. Ta ci gaba da bayyana cewa auren sanannu ba ya ɗorewa kuma da gaske babu ma<nowiki>'ana a ɓarnatar da kuɗi don bikin auren da ba zai tsaya gwajin lokaci ba. Game da yaduwar '' mama mama ''</nowiki> a Nollywood, ta bayyana wa ''The Punch'' cewa yawancin 'yan matan da ba su yi aure ba tare da yara suna yin nadamar matakin da suka dauka amma ba su da karfin gwiwar fadin hakan a gaban jama'a. == Ayyuka == Ta fara wasan kwaikwayo ne a shekarar 1995. A zaman wani bangare na aikinta na zamantakewar al'umma, ta kaddamar da gidauniya mai suna ''House of Empress'', wacce ke kula da yara masu bukata ta musamman. Gidauniyar ta yi bikin cika shekaru 10 a shekarar 2016. == Filmography == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Year !Film !Role !Notes |- |2000 |Girls Hostel |Tunica |With [[Uche Jombo]] |- |2001 |She Devil |Ene |With [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] |- |2002 |Valentino |Cecilia |With [[Jide Kosoko|Jide Kososko]] |- |2004 |Last Girl Standing |Freda |With [[Jim Iyke]] |- |2004 |Missing Angel |Julie |With [[Stella Damasus]] |- |2006 |Liberian Girl |Sando |With Ernest Asuzu |- |2007 |Cover Up |Chinasa |With [[Eucharia Anunobi]] |- |2008 |Heartbeats |Rita |With [[Segun Arinze]] |- |2011 |Count on Me |Cynthia |With [[Kalu Ikeagwu|Kalu Ikeagu]] |- |2015 |Behind the Curtains |Barrister Judy |With Chucks Chyke |- |2017 |Wife Material |Ene |With [[Alexx Ekubo]] |- |2018 |June |Remi |With Uche Jumbo |- |2019 |Upon a Promise |Esther |With [[Frederick Leonard (actor)|Fredrick Leonard]] |- |2020 |Lockdown |Anita |With Prince Fadaland |- |2021 |Darling & Felix |Darlyn |With Mofe Duncan |- |2022 |Unwanted |Toyin |With Joyce Bernard |} *''The Pastor and the Harlot (2002)'' *''You Broke My Heart (2003)'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Empress Njamah on IMDb [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 8tgln40ge7lmzviy20b8ccz3h8vfsgv 0 16145 549849 245855 2024-12-01T21:46:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eberechukwu Nwizu''' wacce aka fi sani da '''Bhaira Mcwizu''' ko '''Bayray McNwizu 'yar''' fim ce ta Nijeriya.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141208024128/http://thenet.ng/2014/11/sexual-abuse-happens-more-in-banks-than-nollywood-bayray-mcwizu/</ref> Ta zo ne bayan da ta ci nasara karo na uku na shirin Amstel Malta Box Office (AMBO).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/lekki-wives-adaora-ukoh-keira-hewatch-joselyn-dumas-others-return-for-season-3-id3452498.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-11-16 |archive-date=2015-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204041004/http://pulse.ng/movies/lekki-wives-adaora-ukoh-keira-hewatch-joselyn-dumas-others-return-for-season-3-id3452498.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A shekarar 2009, ta samu kyautar yabo ta Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka.<ref>http://thenationonlineng.net/new/people-should-stop-marrying-me-off-to-somebody-nollywood-actress-bhaira-mcwizu/</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120923035039/http://www.punchng.com/spice/society/bhaira-mcwizu-dumped-acting/</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141129170223/http://newtelegraphonline.com/bhaira-mcwizu-i-cant-complain-i-knew-fame-would-take-away-my-privacy/</ref><ref>http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/01/why-people-call-me-pink-lady-bhaira-mcwizu/</ref> == Fina-finai == ** ''Cindy's Note'' * ''Tales of Eve'' * ''[[Kiss and Tell (2011 film)|Kiss and Tell]]'' (2011) * ''Calabash'' * ''Lies Men Tell'' * ''My Rich Boyfriend'' (2014) * ''A Lonely Night'' * ''Cruel Intentions'' * ''[[The Visit (2015 Nigerian film)|The Visit]] (2015) * ''Tiwa's Baggage'' * Broken walls * April *[[Crazy Grannies]] == Shirin talabijin == {|class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Director !Ref |- |2015 |''Lekki Wives Season 3'' |{{n/a}} |Blessing Egbe |<ref>{{cite web|title=Lekki Wives Adaora Ukoh, Keira Hewatch, Joselyn Dumas, others return for season 3|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/lekki-wives-adaora-ukoh-keira-hewatch-joselyn-dumas-others-return-for-season-3-id3452498.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=2 February 2015|archive-date=4 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204041004/http://pulse.ng/movies/lekki-wives-adaora-ukoh-keira-hewatch-joselyn-dumas-others-return-for-season-3-id3452498.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |} ==Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|4521181}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Haifaffun 1984]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] cy3fd8gfmnytk7r68czkf3n332raqoc 0 16163 550432 513886 2024-12-02T11:42:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:AMAA logo.png|thumb]] '''Ivie Okujaye''' (an haife ta a 16 Mayu 1987) ’yar fim ce ta Nijeriya, furodusa, marubuciya,’ yar rawa, mawaƙa kuma ’yar gwagwarmaya. A cikin 2009 ta shiga kuma ta lashe gasar ''Amstel Malta Box Office'' (AMBO) game da gidan talabijin na gaskiya. Wani lokaci ana kiranta ''ƙaramin Genevieve'' saboda tana kama da 'yar fim [[Genevieve Nnaji]] . An ba ta kyauta ''mafi kyawun ctoran wasa'' a Youngan 8th African Movie Academy Awards .<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/celebrity-birthday-ivie-okujaye-id2855838.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-21 |archive-date=2020-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207022453/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/celebrity-birthday-ivie-okujaye/w5ebp8r |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar mutum == [[Fayil:Tomi Odunsi.jpg|thumb|Tami a Ivie Okujaye]] An haife ta ne a garin [[Benin City|Benin]] ga mahaifin [[Delta (jiha)|jihar Delta]] kuma mahaifiyar [[Edo|jihar Edo]] . Ita ce ta ƙarshe a cikin yara 5. Ta sha bayyana sau da yawa cewa iyayenta sun so ta yi karatun likitanci saboda kasancewar kwararrun likitoci a cikin iyalinta. Ta yi shekaru 10 na farkon rayuwarta a Benin kafin ta sauka a Abuja. Tana da karatunta na firamare a Makarantarmu ta Mata Masu Zaman Kansu. Ta halarci kwalejin sarauniya ta Legas kafin ta karanci tattalin arziki a jami'ar Abuja . == Ayyuka == Ta yi rawar gani a shekarun baya kafin fara fim din Nollywood. A cewarta, nunawa a cikin '''Amstel Malta Box Office ta''' ƙaddamar da aikinta kuma ta buɗe hanya don ''fasalinta na'' farko ''Alero Symphony'' . == Filmography == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" |Shekara ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Take ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Matsayi ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Bayanan kula |- | 2015 | ''Hotel Majestic'' | Alero / Ivie | |- | TBA | ''7 Inch Kwana'' | | |- | 2014 | ''Yi Motsi'' | Osas | |- | 2014 | ''Sadaki'' | | tare da OC Ukeje |- | 2014 | "Gadaji Masu Konawa" | |- | 2014 | ''Black silhouette'' | | a cikin samarwa |- | 2013 | ''<nowiki/>'Yan Agaji'' | | |- | 2013 | ''Yadda Ta Bar Yayana'' | | shirin 7-sitcom |- | 2013 | ''Bishiyar Kamara'' | Vero Kamara | |- | 2011 | ''Symphony na Alero'' | | |} == Lambobin yabo == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Nau'i ! Fim ! Sakamakon |- | 2010 | Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Mafi Kyawun Baiwa | | {{nominated}} |- | 2012 | Kyaututtukan Kwalejin Fim na Afrika | Mafi Kyawun Matashi | ''Symphony na Alero'' | {{won}} |- | 2013 | Africa Magic Masu Kallon Zabi | Kyautar Trailblazer | | {{won}} |- | rowspan="2" | 2014 | Africa Magic Masu Kallon Zabi | Fitacciyar Jaruma a cikin wasan kwaikwayo | ''<nowiki/>'Yan Agaji'' | {{nominated}} |- | Kyaututtukan Gaba | Kyauta a cikin Nishaɗi | |{{Pending}} |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{S-start}} {{s-ach}} {{succession box|title=[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Most Promising Actor|Most Promising Actor Award]]|before=Edward Kagutuzi ([[7th Africa Movie Academy Awards|2011]])|after=[[Belinda Effah]] ([[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|2013]])|years=[[9th Africa Movie Academy Awards|2012]]}} {{S-end}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1987]] [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 2trxevm9e3d6awpwh8kkpsso0lxma4s 0 16187 549951 444931 2024-12-02T02:05:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Diana Yekinni''' ‘ yar fim din Burtaniya ce‘ yar asalin kasar Ingila '''wacce''' aka fi sani da Fina-finai kamar su Ije da Jaruman Abincin rana.Diana kuma sanannen sananne ne game da wasan kwaikwayon Genevieve a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV na Jenifa tare da Funke Akindele.A shekarar 2014, an zabe ta a cikin "Mafi Alkawarin 'Yar wasa" a fitowar ta 2014 na Kyautar Fina Finan Kwalejin Kwalejin Icons.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/diana-yekinni-5-things-you-probably-dont-know-about-actress-id4113047.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2020-11-22 |archive-date=2016-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816154206/http://pulse.ng/movies/diana-yekinni-5-things-you-probably-dont-know-about-actress-id4113047.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Diana Yekinni a Kudancin London, Ingila, [[Birtaniya|United Kingdom]] . Ita tsohuwar ɗalibar makarantar kwalejin koyar da wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, [[Los Angeles]] ta taɓa yin karatun wasan kwaikwayo da rawa a BRIT School for Arts and Technology . == Ayyuka == Ta fara ta sana'a addashin aiki a shekarar 2009 bayan ta featured in an [[Tarayyar Amurka|American]] talabijin jerin mai taken ''Medium'' . A 2010, an saka ta a matsayin Libby a fim din ''Ijé'' da Odele a ''Mosa'' . A cikin 2012, Yekinni ya halarci kuma ya lashe kyautar budurwa ta GIAMA Screen Icon Search Competition na shekara-shekara a [[Houston]], [[Tarayyar Amurka|US]].Ta koma [[Nijeriya|Najeriya]] a shekarar 2012 kuma tun daga wannan lokacin ta fito a jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da fina-finai da suka hada da ''A New You'', ''All That Glitters'', ''Saro: The Musical, Jenifa's Diary as Genevieve'', ''Lagos Cougars'' and ''Lunch Time Heroes'' . == Filmography == {{inc-film|date=August 2016}} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;" |Fim |- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;" ! style="width:40px;" | Shekara ! style="width:250px;" | Fim ! style="width:150px;" | Matsayi ! style="width:300px;" | Bayanan kula |- | 2016 | ''Zane'' | kamar yadda Molly | Stage wasan kwaikwayo |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Jarumai Na Lokaci'' | kamar yadda Banke Adewummi | Fim mai fasali |- | ''Rubutun Jenifa'' | kamar yadda Genevieve | Jerin talabijin |- | rowspan="3" | 2014 | ''Ga 'Yan Mata Masu Launi Da Suka Yi La'akari da Kisan Kai'' | kamar yadda Lady a cikin shuɗi | rowspan="3" | Stage wasan kwaikwayo |- | ''Rayuwar London, Rayuwar Legas'' | kamar yadda Cast |- | ''Sirrin Rayuwar Matan Baba Segi'' | kamar yadda Nurse |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Sabon Ku'' | kamar yadda Chantelle | rowspan="2&quot;" | Fim |- | ''Coan Cougars'' | - |- | rowspan="2" | 2010 | ''Ijé'' | kamar yadda Libby | Fim mai fasali |- | ''Musa'' | kamar yadda Odele | Fim |- | 2009 | ''Matsakaici'' | kamar yadda Jane Doe | ya fito a Kashi na 5.11 & 5.12 |- |}. == Kyaututtuka da sakewa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Bikin lambar yabo ! Kyauta ! Sakamakon ! Ref |- | rowspan="2" | 2014 | Kyautar Fim ta Kwalejin Kwalejin Zinare ta 2014 | Jaruma Mai Kyau |{{nom}} | |- | Kyaututtukan Nishaɗin Jama'ar Birnin 2014 | Dokar Mafi Alkawari na Shekara |{{nom}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Category:Mata]] [[Category:Yar fim]] [[Category:Ƴan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] fkl7w3b1cha2ojexh62mol3dqjd62fr 0 17376 549988 397260 2024-12-02T05:02:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Fati Muhammad'''Tsohuwar shahararriyar jarumar finafinai ce a masana'antar finafinai ta [[kannywood]] wacce ke da mazauni a [[Arewacin Najeriya]]. == Haihuwa== (An haife ta ranar 15 ga watan Yuni, shekara ta 1982)T<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/a192779a1739427da70d26244d1eb88a |access-date=2021-02-16 |archive-date=2021-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123100258/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/a192779a1739427da70d26244d1eb88a |url-status=dead }}</ref>. <ref>http://hausafilms.tv/actress/fati_muhammad</ref>. == Farkon Rayuwa da Ilimi == Asalin mahaifan Fati [[Fulani]] ne daga jihar [[Adamawa]]. An haife ta a ranar 15 ga Yuni, na shekara ta 1982 a unguwar Tukuntawa dake cikin [[Kano (birni)|Birnin Kano]]. Tayi firamare da sakandare a Tukuntawa. == Fina-finai == Fati ta fara harkar fim ne tun daga lokacin da ta gabatar da sha'awar ta ta shiga harkar finafinai a lokacin tana da karancin shekaru. Ta fara da nuna ma Tahir Muhammad Fagge wani fitaccen mai shirya finafinai a masana'antar [[Kannywood]] sha'awar ta ta shiga harkar finafinai. Shi kuma Tahir ya haɗa ta da Ishaq Sidi Ishaq, shararren mai hada hoto a masana'artan [[Kannywood]]. Daga nan ne Ishaq Sidi Ishaq ya fara saka Fati a fim dinsa mai suna "Da Babu", irin rawar da ta taka da kyawu da salon ta sune suka kara fito da ita a fim din inda nan take daga fitar fim din aka san ta. Wannan ya kara jan hankalin sauran producers na masana'antar inda suka yita saka Fati a finafinan su. Fati ta yi finafinai da dama. Daga cikin su akwai; * ''Sangaya * Nagoma * Babban Gari * Zarge * Da babu * Marainiya * Mujadala * Kudiri * Tutar So * Garwashi * Tawakkali * Gasa * Abadan Da'iman * Zo mu Zauna * Tangarda * Hujja * Al'ajabi * Halacci * Samodara * Zumunci * Murmushin * Alkawari * Gimbiya * Bakandamiya * Taskan Rayuwa'' dss. Fati tace a yanzu ta daina fitowa a finafinai amma kuma tana cigaba da shirya finafinai.<ref>https://www.blueprint.ng/ive-retired-from-acting-fati-mohammed-2/</ref> == Rayuwar Kashin kai == Fati ta yi aure inda ta auri jarumi a masana'antar [[Kannywood]] mai suna Sani Mai Iska. Inda ta bar masana'antar tabi mijin ta suka koma [[London]]. Bayan wasu shekaru da aurensu, sai auren ya rabu, daga nan Fati ta dawo gida Najeriya. Bayan dawowar ta nan ma ta tsunduma cikin harkokin fina-finai, saidai bata dade ba ta dakatar bisa ganin wasu sauye sauye da tace ta gani a masana'antar. Fati ta sake aure kuma inda ta auri Umaru Kanu wani mai shirya finafinai a masana'antar Kannywood kuma yaya ga mawaki Ali Jita. Bayan wani lokaci kuma auren su yazo karshe. Fati bata haihu ba a iya rayuwar ta ta aure. A shekara ta 2019 anga fati a tarukan siyasa. Kuma Fati ta tabbatar da cewa ta shiga harkokin siyasa.<ref>https://www.pulse.ng/hausa/fati-muhammed-jaruma-ta-samu-karin-matsayi-a-gidauniyar-atiku-abubakar/nzzt96x{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[Category:dan Fim]] myb0l27tu41oix5cu0s5blb8zoybu39 0 17549 550099 448098 2024-12-02T07:01:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Godman Akinlabi''' (an haife shi ranar 28 ga watan Disamba, 1974) malamin fasto ne, marubuci, mai magana da yawun jama'a kuma injiniya. Shi ne babban fasto na Cocin The Mount Church. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haife shi a ranar 28 ga Disamba, 1973, Godman Akinlabi daga Igbo-Ora, [[Jihar Oyo]], wanda ke yankin Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya. Ya girma a [[ Ibadan]], inda ya halarci Kwalejin Gwamnati, Ibadan, Jihar Oyo, Nijeriya daga 1985 zuwa 1990. A 1992, ya sami izinin shiga Jami’ar Fasaha ta Tarayya ta [[ Akure]], [[Jihar Ondo]] don yin karatun Ma’aikatar Ma’adanai da Ma’adanai, wanda ya yi aikin. digiri na farko na Fasaha (B.Tech.) A 1997. Ya samu digiri na biyu a diflomasiyyar kasashen duniya a Jami’ar Legas. Ya kasance tsohon ɗaliban Makarantar Kasuwanci ta Manchester, [[Ingila]], daga inda ya sami MBA. == Aikin coci == Ya fara aikin coci a Daystar [[Christian]] Center, inda ya yi aiki a wurare daban-daban-daban wadanda suka hada da kawo fastoci, malami, mai wa'azi da kuma daraktan kula da majami'a. Yana aiki ne a kwalejin kwalejin ta Daystar, in da yake tafiyar da kwasa-kwasan Ingantaccen Shugabanci tsawon shekaru goma sha biyu. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} http://pulse.ng/religion/the-clergy-focus-on-pastor-godman-akinlabi-id3583867.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707174713/http://www.pulse.ng/religion/the-clergy-focus-on-pastor-godman-akinlabi-id3583867.html |date=2017-07-07 }} http://elevationng.org/meet-pastor-godman/ [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1974]] ek18svlarpivqezjihxxj1cymsdncvg 0 17675 550065 328741 2024-12-02T06:23:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gbemisola Aderemi Aderinokun''' ko '''Gbemisola Oke''' an haife ta a Nijeriya. Farfesa Periodontology da kuma Community Ilimin hakora a Jami'ar Ibadan. Ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar gwamnati tsakanin 2015 da 2017. Ta kuma taɓa riƙe muƙamai na mulki kamar Dean, Faculty,of Dentistry da Darakta, Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Kirkira a Jami'ar Ibadan.<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 January 2015 |title=UI gets new Deputy Vice-Chancellor |work=Vanguard |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/01/ui-gets-new-deputy-vice-chancellor/ |access-date=10 August 2022}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Oke ta yi digirinta na farko a Jami’ar Ibadan tsakanin 1976 da 1981. Daga nan ta wuce zuwa Amurka don kwarewa a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a, inda ta samu digiri na biyu a fannin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a a shekarar 1985. Bayan haka, ta dawo gida Najeriya don fara da kammala karatun ta a cikin Cutar Cutar tsakanin 1987 da 1997. Mamba ce a kungiyoyin kwararru da yawa wadanda suka hada da kungiyar likitocin Najeriya, kungiyar likitocin hakora ta Najeriya, kungiyar likitocin kasa da kasa, kungiyar mata da cutar kanjamau a Afirka da sauransu.<ref name="one">{{Cite web |url=http://com.ui.edu.ng/index.php/prof-oke-gbemisola-aderemi?id=449 |title=Prof Oke Aderemi |last=admin |website=College of Medicine |access-date=2017-11-21}}</ref> == Bugawa da matsayin gudanarwa == Tsakanin 2007 da 2010, Oke ta kasance Dean a Faculty of Dentistry a Jami'ar Ibadan har zuwa lokacin da aka nada ta a matsayin mataimakiyar mataimakiyar shugabar gwamnati a shekarar 2015, ta kasance Darakta, Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Kirkiro.<ref name="one" /> A watan Janairun 2015, an nada ta mataimakiyar VC, wacce za ta maye gurbin Mataimakin Shugaban Karamar Hukumar, Abel Idowu Olayinka . Ita ce mace ta biyu da ta ɗauki irin wannan matsayi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2015/01/25/gbemisola-oke-appointed-deputy-vc-for-ui/ |title=Gbemisola Oke Appointed Deputy VC For UI |last=admin |date=January 25, 2015 |website=PM News |access-date=2017-11-21}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, ta lura cewa lalacewar hakora ba ta cika zama ruwan dare a Najeriya ba, idan aka kwatanta da kasashen da suka ci gaba ta yadda ba mu dogara da kayan abincin da ke cin abinci ba. Ta jaddada bukatar amfani da man goge baki wanda ke dauke da sinadarin fluoride saboda hakan zai rage damar lalacewar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/news/local/arotiba-oke-akinboboye-what-you-must-know-about-your-teeth-experts-speak-id3835535.html |title=Arotiba, Oke, Akinboboye: What you must know about your teeth: Experts speak |last=Akinloye |first=Dimeji |date=June 6, 2015 |website=Pulse |access-date=2017-11-22 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Yayin da take jawabi a daya daga cikin cibiyoyin hakori na al'umma da ta kafa, Oke ta jaddada bukatar karin irinta, yayin da take bayyana imani na camfi game da kula da lafiyar baka da kuma nauyin kudi don kiyaye tsada mai sauki a matsayin babban koma baya a cikar burinta a manufofin sake maido da hakori tsarin a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tribuneonlineng.com/community-oral-health-centre-must-flourish-don/ |title=Why community oral health centre must flourish —Don |last=admin |date=October 19, 2017 |website=[[Nigerian Tribune]] |access-date=2017-11-22}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mata a Najeriya]] [[Category:Mata]] 6x2dbve1a79vose3s7zygp0a7r30f6o 0 17800 550207 176148 2024-12-02T09:39:51Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550207 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dogarawan {Kungiyar Hisbah''' ( {{Lang-ar|حسبة}} ''isbah'' ) [[Musulunci|rukunan musulunci ne]] wanda yake nufin "hisabi".Hisbah aiki ne na mutum ko na gama gari (ya dogara da makarantar shari'a) don shiga tsakani da “ umarni da kyakkyawa da hani da mummuna ” don kiyaye ka'idojin [[Shari'a|sharia]] (Shari'ar Musulunci).Koyarwar ta dogara ne akan wata magana daga [[Al Kur'ani|Alqurani]] ( {{Lang|ar|الأمر بالمَعْرُوف والنَهي عن المُنْكَر}} ).Bambance-bambancen da ke cikin bahasin malamai game da wajibcin “umarni da daidai da hani da mummunan abu” ya samo asali ne daga matsayin da masana fikihu suka dauka (ʿulamāʾ) kan tambayoyi dangane da wane ne ke da alhakin aiwatar da aikin, ga wanda za'a ba shi,da kuma abin da yake aiwatarwa wanda aka sanya Sau da yawa,ana shirya waɗannan muhawara ne bisa ga abin da Michael Cook ya kira al'adar "hanyoyi uku", hadisin da ke kan hadisi na annabci wanda ke nuna "zuciya" (qalb), "harshe" (lisān), da "hannu" (yad) kamar yadda ya dace da "halaye" guda uku wanda yakamata mutum ya cika farilla. Dogaro da dalilai da yawa na asali da na waje ga makarantun lauyoyinsu,malamai sun rarraba wannan aikin ta hanyoyi daban-daban, wasu suna keɓe aiwatar da haƙƙin ta hanyar “harshe” ga malamai da “hannu” ga hukumomin siyasa ko waɗanda, kamar kamar yadda muḥtasib,sanya hannun jari tare da iko don aiwatar da aikin a madadin su, da sauransu suna jayayya cewa waɗannan hanyoyin sun faɗaɗa ga duk masu imani da suka cancanta.A wannan zamani, an yi amfani da kalmar a wasu ƙasashe a matsayin dalilin 'yan sandan addinin Musulunci. == Bayani == Hisbah tana da manyan al'amura kamar haka: * Wajibi ne akan [[musulmi]] . * Wajibi ne na ƙasa ta tabbatar da cewa itsan ƙasa suna yin biyayya ga ''hisbah'' kamar su [[shari'a]] . * A ma'anarta mafi girma, ''hisbah'' kuma tana nufin aikin sanya ido na kasuwanci, ƙungiya, da sauran al'amuran duniya. A bisa ga al'ada,a muhtasib aka nada da [[Khalifofi|kalifa]] lura da oda a kasuwanni, a harkokin kasuwanci, a likitanci aikin da,da dai sauransu Matsayin muhtasib na iya zama kamar a matsayin " sifeto ". Duba hisbah (lissafin kasuwanci) don wannan yanayin. == Duniyar zamani == Misali, a cikin [[Saudi Arebiya|kasar Saudiyya]], cibiyar da ke da alhakin ''hisbah'' ita ce Kwamitin Inganta nagarta da Rigakafin Mataimakin, ko ''hay'a'' . A cikin tsirarun jihohin Islama, wato Saudi Arabia,Sudan,lardin Aceh [[Indonesiya|na Indonesia]], da Iran, an kafa 'yan sanda masu addinin Islama. A wasu wurare, an kafa ta; a cikin wasu, tanada 'yancin kanta daga jihar. Masu shigar da kara na Islama sun nemi koyarwar Hisbah a yayin shari'ar ridda da ayyukan sabo .A [[Misra|Misira]], kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Freedom House ta koka, "daruruwan karar hisba aka yi wa rajista kan marubuta da masu fafutuka, galibi suna amfani da sabo ko ridda a matsayin hujja". A cikin wani babban magana, Nasr Abu Zayd, wani malamin Addini musulunci "mai sukar tsohuwar tunanin Musulunci da zamani" an gurfanar da shi a karkashin dokar, lokacin da aka gudanar da aikinsa na ilimi don zama shaidar ridda . <ref>M. Berger, Apostasy and Public Policy in Contemporary Egypt: An Evaluation of Recent Cases from Egypt's Highest Courts, Human Rights Quarterly, Volume 25, Number 3, August 2003, pages 720-740</ref> <ref>Olsson, S. (2008), Apostasy in Egypt: Contemporary Cases of Ḥisbah. The Muslim World, 98(1): 95-115</ref> == Duba kuma == * Lissafin Hisbah == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070206222925/http://www.islamic-world.net/economics/hisbah.htm Cibiyar Hisbah] * [http://www.hisbah.or.id The Al-Hisbah Indonesia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227055635/http://hisbah.or.id/ |date=2021-02-27 }} * [http://www.hisbah.net Hisbah.net] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225133309/https://www.hisbah.net/ |date=2021-02-25 }} [[Category:Kalmomin Larabci kuma kalmomin Shari'a]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 0m33dt1e9gkci49f7php2i77ogdghlw 0 18022 549502 498572 2024-12-01T15:57:55Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549502 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Astrolabe of ‘Umar ibn Yusuf ibn ‘Umar ibn ‘Ali ibn Rasul al-Muzaffari MET wb-91.1.535ahh.jpeg|thumb|Abunsa]] [[Fayil:Qirat ali ben yusuf 20725.jpg|thumb|ali ibn yusuf]] [[Fayil:Astrolabe of ‘Umar ibn Yusuf ibn ‘Umar ibn ‘Ali ibn Rasul al-Muzaffari MET wb-91.1.535ahe.jpeg|thumb|Ali ibn Yusuf]] An haifi '''Ali ibn Yusef''' a 1084 a [[Ceuta]]. Shi dan Yusuf bn Tashfin ne, ya kasan ce kuma shi ne sarki na hudu na Almoravid, kuma kuyangar Kirista. A lokacin da mahaifinsa ya mutu, a cikin Satumba 1106, yana da shekara 23. Ya gaji mahaifinsa ne a ranar 2 ga watan Satumba 1106. Ali ya yi mulki daga [[Moroko|Maroko]] ya nada dan uwansa Tamim ibn Yusuf [ ar ] a matsayin gwamnan Al-Andalus . Ali ya faɗaɗa yankuna a cikin yankin Iberian ta hanyar kame [[Zaragoza]] a cikin 1110 amma daga ƙarshe ya sake sake shi ga Alfonso I, Sarkin Aragon, a cikin 1118. Cordoba ya yi tawaye ga Almoravids a cikin 1121. === Abubuwan tallafi === [[File:المنبر_المرابطي_21_44_14_447000.jpeg|thumb| Almoravid minbar, wanda Ali ibn Yusuf ya ba da izini a cikin 1137 kuma aka gina shi a Cordoba.]] [[File:Medersa_Ben_Youssef,_Marrakech._(4849319150)_(cropped_and_retouched).jpg|thumb| Duba ciki na Almoravid Qubba, wanda aka rubuta sunan Ali. ]] Ya ba da izini ga ''minbar da a'' yanzu ake kira Minbar na Masallacin Kutubiyya daga wani taron bita a Córdoba don samar da babban masallacinsa, asalin Masallacin Ben Youssef (wanda aka rusa a ƙarƙashin Almohads ), a cikin babban birnin masarautar, [[Marrakesh]] . Almoravid Qubba shima yana dauke da sunan Ali. Bisa ga shawarar Abu Walid Ibn Rushd (kakan [[Ibn Rushd|Averroes]] ), Ali ya gina ganuwa kewaye da Marrakesh yayin da Ibn Tumart ya zama mai tasiri. Akwai katangun da aka zagaye masallacin da fadar, amma Ali bin Yūsuf ya kashe dinari dubu 70 na zinariya a kan garun birnin, ya ninka girman garin, sannan ya gaya wa amiran Al-Andalus su ma su katanga bango. Ya kasan ce kuma kafa tsarin ban ruwa a Marrakesh, aikin da Obeyd Allah ibn Younous al-Muhandes ke gudanarwa . Wannan tsarin ban ruwa yayi amfani da <nowiki><i id="mwQg">qanawat</i></nowiki> ( {{Lang|ar|قناة}} , shafi na. {{Lang|ar|قنوات}} ). Ali kuma yana da gada ta farko akan Tensift River . [[File:Muw.Ibn_Tashfin.JPG|thumb|284x284px| Wani rubutun Kitāb as-Siām daga <nowiki><i id="mwUQ">Muwatta al-Imam Malik</i></nowiki> kamar yadda Yahya ibn Yahya al-Laythi ya karanta, wanda aka rubuta don Ali ibn Yūsuf. ]] A cikin 1139, ya sha kashi a yakin Ourique da sojojin Fotigal karkashin jagorancin count din Afonso Henriques, wanda ya ba Afonso damar shelanta kansa Sarki mai cin gashin kansa. Ali ya gaje shi dansa Tashfin bn Ali a shekara ta 1143. == Tekun Sargasso == [[Fayil:Astrolabe of ‘Umar ibn Yusuf ibn ‘Umar ibn ‘Ali ibn Rasul al-Muzaffari MET wb-91.1.535ahd.jpeg|thumb]] A cewar masanin zane-zanen Musulmin nan Muhammad al-Idrisi, ''Mugharrarin'' (wanda aka fassara a matsayin "masu kasada") wanda Ali bin Yusuf ya aika, karkashin jagorancin babban hadiminsa Ahmad ibn Umar, wanda aka fi sani da sunan Raqsh al-Auzz ya isa wani bangare na tekun da tsiron ruwan teku ya rufe, wanda wasu suka kira shi Tekun Sargasso, wanda ya ratsa cikin [[Bermuda|Tekun Atlantika daga Bermuda]] . == Iyali == Ali dan Yusuf bn Tashfin ne . Yana da akalla 'ya'ya maza biyu: * Tashfin ibn Ali, gwamnan Granada da Almeria a 1129 da Cordoba a 1131. <ref>Extrait de la Chronique intitulée Kamel-Altevarykh par Ibn-Alatyr, RHC Historiens orientaux I, p. 413.</ref> Ya yi nasara da mahaifinsa a 1143. * Ishaq bn Ali . Ya mutu a 1147. == Manazarta == {{S-start}} {{Succession box|}} {{S-end}} lxuond7te6xb6h5m3ww9w4fah2v0log 0 18228 550257 525311 2024-12-02T10:17:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Farfesa '''Ibrahim Adamu Kolo''' (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 1956 - ya rasu a ranar 3 watan Nuwamba shekara ta 2018) ya kasance masanin ilimin Neja. Ya rayu a [[Mokwa|karamar hukumar Mokwa]] ta jihar [[Neja]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta UMCA da makarantar firamare ta St. Johns Anglican. Ya tafi makarantar sakandare a Kwalejin Gwamnati ta Bida kuma ya samu digiri na farko a Kwalejin Ilimi da ke Sakkwato, da [[Jami'ar Bayero|Jami’ar Bayero]], da [[Jami'ar Jos|Jami’ar Jos]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, ZARIA ~ ABOUT VC|url=http://fuez-edu.simplesite.com/|access-date=2020-10-22|website=FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, ZARIA|language=en-US|archive-date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026104044/http://fuez-edu.simplesite.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ya kasance malami a Kwalejin Ilimi, [[Jami'ar Bayero|Jami'ar Bayero ta Kano]] . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Provost na Kwalejin Ilimi ta Jihar Neja, daga shekara ta 2001, zuwa shekara ta 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Babah|first=Chinedu|date=2 March 2017|title=KOLO, Prof. Ibrahim Adamu|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/kolo-prof-ibrahim-adamu/|access-date=2020-10-22|website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, [[Lapai]], daga shekara ta 2010, zuwa shekara ta 2015. Kwamishinan Ilimi mai zurfi Peter Sarki ya sanar da nadin Kolo a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar, yana mai jaddada bukatar tsabtace jami'ar da kuma gyara lalacewar harkokin mulki. <ref>Ibbulapai vc, [https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/ibbu-gets-new-vice-chancellor.html "ibbulapai new vc"], [[Daily Trust]], January 2010</ref> == Mutuwa == Kolo ya mutu a Minna yana da shekara 62 bayan gajeriyar rashin lafiya.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://leadership.ng/2018/11/04/former-ibb-varsity-vc-prof-kolo-dies-at-62/|title=Former IBB Varsity VC, Prof Kolo, Dies At 62|work=Leadership|first=Abu|last=Nmodu|date=5 November 2018|access-date=30 July 2019}}</ref> Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida|Ibrahim Babangida]] ya bayyana mutuwar Kolo a matsayin "babban rashi ne ga bangaren ilimin jihar Neja da ma Najeriya baki daya".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/ibb-mourns-prof-ibrahim-kolo/mw2st86|title=IBB mourns Prof. Ibrahim Kolo|work=Pulse|first=Seun|last=Adeyeye|date=5 November 2018|access-date=30 July 2019|archive-date=27 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627152832/https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/ibb-mourns-prof-ibrahim-kolo/mw2st86|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Madogara == == Sources == * {{Cite web|last=Babah|first=Chinedu|date=2 March 2017|title=KOLO, Prof. Ibrahim Adamu|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/kolo-prof-ibrahim-adamu/|access-date=2020-10-11|website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation|language=en-US}} [[Category:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1956]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[category:Maluman Najeriya]] 47q161x7untc54hbox3lg2bnihc5x0o 0 18553 549422 523450 2024-12-01T12:04:54Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 549422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Fatima Sana Sheikh.jpg|thumb|Fatima Sana Shaikh]] [[Fayil:Fatima Sana Shaikh.jpg|thumb|Fatima Sana Shaikh]] '''Fatima Sana Shaikh''' (an haifeta ranar 11 ga watan Janairun, shekarar alif dubu ɗaya da Ɗari Tara da casa'in da biyu(1992))<ref>"Fatima Sana Shaikh: Lesser known facts about the actress". ''The Times of India''. TOI. Archivedfrom the original on 11 May 2019. Retrieved 17 April2019.</ref> 'yar fim ce ta ƙasar Indiya.<ref>"Meet Aamir Khan's wrestler daughters". ''Mumbai Mirror''. Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2019.</ref> An san ta da ayyukanta a [[Harshen Hindu|finafinan Hindi -]] yare, da talabijin.   Fatima ta fito a matsayin yar zane-zane a fina-finai kamar ''Chachi 420'' da kuma ''One 2 Ka 4''.<ref>Ghosh, Samrudhi (3 April 2019). "Fatima Sana Shaikh on her #MeToo story: It happened when I was very young". ''India Today''. Delhi. Retrieved 19 August 2019.</ref> Shekaru daga baya, ta buga Zoya a cikin fim ɗin Indiya na ''Tahaan'' wanda ya sami lambar yabo ta "The German Star of India" a bikin "Bollywood da Beyond" a [[Stuttgart]] [[Jamus]] a shekara ta 2009. A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta nuna ' yar kokawa ta Indiya, Geeta Phogat a fim din wasan kwaikwayo na Dangal wanda aka nuna a bikin ''Baje Kolin'' Kasa da Kasa na Beijing, kuma bikin BRICS na biyu.<ref>Aneja, Atul (25 June 2017). "China's 'Dangal' mega-success echoes at second BRICS film festival". ''The Hindu''. Archived from the original on 25 June 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2019.</ref> Ta buga Zafira Baig, jarumi-maharbi Thug a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo-haɗari, ''Thugs na Hindostan''. Fatima sana Shaikh zata kasance a cikin shirin sake fim din [[Harshen Hindu|Hindi]] na Aruvi na Tamil. Ana fitar da sigar Hindi ta Applause Entertainment.<ref name=th>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Braving-the-bruises/article16907284.ece |title=Braving the bruises |last=Rathi |first=Vasundhara |work=The Hindu |date=20 December 2016 |access-date=26 September 2018}}</ref> == Kuruciya == [[File:Fatima Sana Shaikh in 2018.jpg|thumb|Fatima Sana Shaikh]] An haifi Fatima Sana Shaikh a cikin Birnin [[Hyderabad]] kuma ta tashi a Birnin [[Mumbai]]. Mahaifiyarta, Raj Tabassum, yar asalin Srinagar ce, mahaifinta kuma, wato Vipin Sharma, ya fito ne daga yankin Jammu.<ref>"I am an atheist, I believe in karma: actress Fatima Sana Shaikh". ''The Siasat Daily''. 29 October 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2020.</ref> A wata hira daga ''TheQuint.com'', ta bayyana cewa yayin da mahaifinta ya kasance Hindu kuma mahaifiyarta musulma ce, Shaikh ta bayyana cewa bai yarda da addinin musulunci ba.<ref>Rathi, Vasundhara (20 December 2016). "Braving the bruises". ''The Hindu''. Retrieved 26 September2018.</ref> == Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Mabuɗi | style="background:#ffc;" |{{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}</img> | Yana nuna fina-finan da har yanzu ba a sake su ba |} [[File:Fatima Sana Shaikh, Aamir Khan, Sanya Malhotra, Suhani Bhatnagar, Zaira Wasim on the sets of Dangal.jpg|thumb]] {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula ! {{abr|Ref.}} |- | rowspan="2" | 1997 | ''Ishq'' |{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=September 2020}} | Kamar yadda yara zane-zane | |- | ''Chachi 420'' | Bharti Ratan | Kamar yadda yara zane-zane | |- | 1998 | ''Bade Dilwala'' | Baby Sana | Kamar yadda yara zane-zane | |- | 2001 | ''Daya 2 Ka 4'' | Yarinyar Sufeto Abbas | Kamar yadda yara zane-zane | |- | 2008 | ''Tahaan'' | Zoya | | |- | 2012 | ''Bittoo Boss'' | Priya | | |- | 2013 | ''Akaash Vani'' | Sumbul | | |- | 2015 | ''Nuvvu Nenu Okkatavudam'' | Sruti | Fim na Telugu | |- | 2016 | ''Dangal'' | Geeta Phogat | Matsayin jagoranci | |- | 2018 | ''<nowiki/>'Yan daba na Hindostan'' | Zafira Baig | Matsayin jagoranci | |- | 2020 | ''Palkein Kholo'' | | Bidiyon kiɗa | |- | 2020 | ''Ludo'' | Pinky mai ruwan hoda | An sake shi akan Netflix | |- | 2020 | ''Suraj Pe Mangal Bhari'' | Tudshee Rane | Matsayin jagoranci | |- | 2021 | style="background:#FFFFCC;" | Aruvi (maimaita Hindi){{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}} </img> | | | |} ; Talabijan {| class="wikitable" |+ !Wasanni !A matsayi !Bayanai |- |''Best Of Luck Nikki'' |Richa Shivoy |Gabatarwa na musamman a shirin fim din ''Boys Meet Girls'' |- |''Ladies Special'' |Geeti | |- |''Agle Janam Mohe Bitiya Hi Kijo'' |Suman | |} {| class="wikitable" |+Wasannin Gidajen Telebijin !Year ! Take ! A matsayin ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Bayanai !Manazarta |- | 2002-04 |''Kitty Party'' | | | |- | rowspan="2" |2009 |''[[Ladies Special]]'' |Geeti |Season 1 |{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}} |- |''[[Agle Janam Mohe Bitiya Hi Kijo]]'' |Suman |Recurring role |<ref>{{cite web |date=10 January 2021 |title=Fatima Sana Shaikh: five things you didn't know |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/fatima-sana-shaikh-five-things-we-bet-you-didn-t-know-about-the-dangal-girl-101610273269748.html |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> |- |2011 |''[[Best of Luck Nikki]]'' |Richa Shivoy |Special appearance in [[Best of Luck Nikki#ep9|Boys Meet Girls]] |{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}} |- |2022 |''[[Modern Love Mumbai]]'' | Lalzari | Segment: "Raat Rani" | |} {| class="wikitable" |+Biyon wa'''ƙoƙi''' !Shekara !Take !Mawa'''ƙi''' !Manazarta |- |2015 |''Tujhse Meri'' |Aditya Salankar | |- |2020 |''Palkein Kholo'' |[[Vishal Bhardwaj]] |<ref>{{cite web |date=3 September 2020 |title='Palkein Kholo': Fatima Sana Shaikh turns director for Vishal Bharadwaj's music video |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-palkein-kholo-fatima-sana-shaikh-turns-director-for-vishal-bharadwaj-s-music-video-2841033 |access-date=14 October 2021 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref> |} == Lambobin yabo == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Fim ! Lambobin yabo ! Nau'i ! Sakamakon ! {{Abbr|Reference|Ref}} |- | rowspan="3" | 2017 | rowspan="3" | ''Dangal'' | Kyautar fina-finai | Fitacciyar Jaruma (Mashahuri) | 'Yar wasa ta musamman (wacce tayi fice) |an gabatar da ita |<ref>"Screen Awards 2017 nominations announced". ''Screen''. Retrieved 7 August 2021.</ref> |- | Kyaututtukan Fim na Jackie Chan | Mafi kyawun farawa (Mace)| 'Yar wasa ta musamman | ta lashe |<ref>"Dangal girls Fatima Sana Shaikh and Sanya Malhotra win action award in China". ''Mid-Day''. 23 July 2018. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 9 April 2019.</ref> |- | | Best Actress 'yar wasan kwaikwayo| | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Fatima Sana Shaikh at IMDb  * Sana Shaikh at Bollywood Hungama [[Category:Haifaffun 1992]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Mutanen Kashmiri]] [[Category:'Yan wasan Kashmir]] [[Category:Fina-finan indiya]] [[Category:Fina-finan yaren Hindu]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Category:Mata]] savplza3j2t5y1e26lwkqy1ea03cpw1 0 19880 549553 476185 2024-12-01T17:38:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Prince Audu Abubakar underpass, Kano State 03.jpg|thumb|prince Audu Abubakar underpass,Kano State]] '''Yarima Abubakar Audu''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da arbain da bakwai (1947) - ya mutu a ranar 22 ga watan Nuwamban shekara ta dubu biyu da sha biyar 2015), ya kasance tsohon ma'aikacin babban bankin Nijeriya kuma dan siyasa inda ya rike mukamin gwamnan farar hula na farko a [[Kogi|jihar Kogi]]. Yayi mulkin Jihar Kogi sau biyu (na farko a Jamhuriya ta 3 kuma na biyu, a Jamhuriya ta 4). Matsayin sa na farko ya fara ne daga watan Janairun shekara ta 1992 har zuwa watan Nuwamban shekara ta 1993 sannan na biyu daga 29 Mayu 1999 zuwa 29 Mayun Shekarar 2003. Ya mutu ne sanadiyyar cutar olsa jim kadan bayan sanar da sakamakon zaɓe na ranar 22 ga Nuwamban shekarar 2015, yayin da yake neman a sake zabansa a matsayin gwamna a karkashin jam’iyya mai mulki ta Najeriya, [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC). == Tarihin Rayuwa da Karatu == An haifi Audu ne a ranar 27 ga watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da arbain da bakwai (1947), ga dangin mai martaba, Marigayi Pa Audu Oyidi, Orego Atta na Igala Land kuma babban mai mulkin Ogbonicha-Alloma a [[Ofu (Nijeriya)|Karamar Hukumar Ofu ta]] jihar Kogi. Abubakar ya fara karatunsa na Junior Primary School, Alloma, daga baya kuma ya zama na Senior School Ankpa, daga nan ya zarce zuwa Dennis Memorial Grammar School, [[Onitsha]] . Daga baya ya koma Kwalejin Kasuwanci na Jos inda ya samu matakin GCE O da A. <ref>{{cite web|title=Nigerian Biography: Biography of Abubakar Audu, Former Governor of Kogi State|url=http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2015/09/biography-of-abubakar-audu-former.html|website=Nigerian Biography|access-date=2021-04-27|archive-date=2018-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025070956/http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2015/09/biography-of-abubakar-audu-former.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Aiki == Bayan aikin da Yarima Audu yayi a matsayin ma'aikacin banki, daga baya Audu ya tafi [[Landan]] daga shekarar 1975 zuwa 1978 inda ya karanci aikin banki da kuma kula da ma'aikata, inda ya samu cancantar rike mukamin babban sakatare da kuma zama memba a ƙungiyar akantocin na kasashen duniya a Landan da kuma kawance na Kwalejin Kasuwanci na Gudanar da Masana'antu ta’ a Nijeriya. Audu ya yi aikin banki na tsawon shekaru 25, wanda ya yi aiki tare da [[First Bank (Nijeriya)|First Bank]] - wanda a da ake kira da suna Standard Bank. A nan, ya yi aiki a wurare daban-daban a matakin gudanarwa har zuwa shekarar 1991. Ya kuma kafa tarihi a matsayin jami'in horar da bankin na farko dan asalin Afirka sannan kuma a matsayinsa na daya daga cikin manyan baki manyan ma'aikatan gudanarwa na Bankin Standard Chartered da ke [[Landan|London]] da [[New York (birni)|New York]] . A shekara ta 1991, an naɗa shi Babban Daraktan FSB International Bank PLC.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Obin|first1=Phillip|title=Prince Abubakar Audu: The Authorised Biography|url=http://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2015/10/prince-audu-the-authorised-biography/|website=The News|accessdate=16 October 2015}}</ref> == Siyasa da yiwa jama'a aiki == Audu ya fara hidimtawa jama’a a shekara ta 1986,a lokacin da aka nada shi Kwamishinan Kudi da Tsare-tsaren Tattalin Arziki a tsohuwar [[Benue (jiha)|jihar Benuwai]] . Ya yi aiki a wannan matsayin har zuwa shekara ta 1988 lokacin da aka rusa majalisar ministocin. Sannan ya koma First Bank of Nigeria PLC a matsayin Janar Manaja. EA watan Agustan shekara ta 1991, an ƙirƙiro jihar Kogi daga wasu sassan tsofaffin [[Benue (jiha)|jihohin Benuwai]] da [[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]] . Wannan ya yi daidai da daya daga cikin haduwa da dama da Najeriya ta yi da dimokuradiyya a baya, kuma Audu, kasancewarsa daya daga cikin wadanda suka yi ikirarin kirkirar jihart kuma fitaccen dan kasa, an gayyace shi ya fito takarar gwamna. Ya tsaya takarar a karkashin jam'iyyar National Republican Convention (NRC) kuma ya ci zaben da aka gudanar a watan Nuwamba, 1991. Daga baya aka rantsar da shi a matsayin gwamnan zartarwa na farko a jihar Kogi a watan Janairun shekara ta 1992. A shekara ta 1998, an sake gabatar da dimokiradiyya kuma Audu, wanda yanzu yake tare da All Nigeria People Party (ANPP), an sake zabansa da kuri’u sama da 700,000. An rantsar da shi a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1999 a matsayin Gwamna na 2 na Gwamnatin Jihar Kogi. == Manyan nasarori == Gudummawar da yake bayarwa ta fuskar tattalin arziki a jihar sa shine ya zuwa yanzu ma'anar ishara ga yawancin mutane da yawancin shuwagabannin da ke da muradi. Wasu daga cikin manyan nasarorin da ya samu yayin takaitaccen zangonsa na farko na mulki sun hada da kirkiro wasu tsare-tsare daban-daban guda uku ga jami'an gwamnati wadanda suka kunshi sama da rukunin gidaje 1,500 a [[Lokoja]], sauya fasalin garin Lokoja da titinan kwalta, fitilun kan titi, da zagaye masu kyau, gina tsakanin garuruwa da titunan karkara, sama da tsare-tsaren samar da lantarki 75 da ayyukan ruwa guda 50. Sauran sun hada da kafa Kwalejin Fasaha ta Jihar Kogi, kafa gidan talabijin, gidan rediyo (duka AM da FM), jaridar jihar (The Graphic) da sauya gidan mulkin mallaka na [[Frederick Lugard|Lord Lugard]] zuwa wani katafaren gidan gwamnati na zamani, gina rukunin ofisoshin na ma'aikatu kasancewar sabuwar jihar ba ta da masaukin ofishi, gina katafaren gidan sayar da kayan kwalliya don bunkasa harkokin kasuwanci, da sauransu. === Ofishin Hulda da Yankin Abuja, Gidan Wasanni da Confluence Beach Hotel === Ya kuma gabatar da ginin ofishin tuntuba na zamani na zamani a [[Abuja]] . Gwamnatinsa ta kuma gina katafaren filin wasa na zamani da otal mai tauraro biyar a Lokoja, da Confluence Beach Hotel. === Masana'antar siminti na Obajana === Audu ya kuma dauki matakai don jawo hankulan masu son saka jari don amfani da dimbin arzikin ma'adanan da ke jihar. Babban kyautar ita ce kafuwar Kamfanin Siminti na Obajana. Aikin, wanda ke gudana kafin ya bar ofis, ya sami goyon bayan Gwamnatin Amurka . Yayin ziyarar tsohon Shugaban ƙasar Amurka Bill Clinton zuwa Najeriya, Gwamnatin Jiha ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tare da Hukumar Raya Kasuwancin Amurka (TDA) don ba da tallafi don kammala ayyukan yiwuwar a cikin aikin. Yanzu aikin siminti yana aiki. === Kafa Jami'ar Jihar Kogi, Anyigba === Kafa jami'ar jihar, Jami'ar Jihar Kogi Anyigba, wata shaida ce ta hangen nesa da kuma samar da kayan aiki. An aza harsashin ginin ne a ranar 30 ga Nuwamban shekara ta 1999, lokacin da tsohon Shugaban kasa [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], ya ziyarci jihar. Kimanin shekara guda bayan haka, shugaban ya sake komawa Anyigba a yayin ziyarar aiki da ya kai ga kaddamar da rukunin jami’ar. Dangane da rahoton kwamitin ziyarar jami'ar daga Hukumar Jami'o'in Najeriya, an bayyana makarantar a matsayin jami'ar da ke ci gaba cikin sauri a kasar. Jami'ar ta sami gagarumar tallafi daga ƙasashe, wanda ya hada da shirin alaka da Jami'ar Jihar Morgan a Baltimore, Maryland . Hakanan, wasu malamai bakwai da suka zo daga jami’o’i daban-daban a Amurka sun kasance a jami’ar don yin nazari kan tsarin karatun ta kuma daidaita su da nasu jami’o’in tare da shirya daliban don shirin musaya don ba wa jami’ar karbuwa a duniya. Audu ya kammala wasu manyan ayyuka cikin shekaru hudu. Sun hada da: rukunin gidaje 250, rukunin wasanni, asibitin ido na kwararru da sauran cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya 25. Sauran sun kasance makarantar sakandaren 'yan mata ta gwamnati kan shirin musayar dalibai, tsare-tsaren rijiyar burtsatse 350, kilomita 300 na titunan gari, sayan motocin bas 100 masu wucewa da kuma kammala ayyukan samar da lantarki 40 na karkara. An kuma naɗa shi mafi kyawun gwamna a shekarun 1999-2003, duk da kasancewar sa gwamna a karkashin jam'iyyar adawa, ANPP. == Alaka da kasashen duniya == Wani dan siyasa mai yawan tafiye tafiye, Audu ya kawo girmamawa da yawa kasar ta hanyar alakar sa da kasashen waje. Ya ji dadin dangantaka da tsohon [[Firayim Minista na United Kingdom|Firayim Ministan Biritaniya]], [[John Major]] . A cikin shekara ta 1993, shi da danginsa baki na musamman na Firayim Ministan Burtaniya a Lamba 10 Downing Street inda ya karbe su zuwa liyafa ta jihar. Haka kuma a cikin 1993, ya halarci Taron Shugabannin Kasashe na Commonwealth a [[Cyprus]] . Alakarsa da kasashen duniya ta ceci Najeriya a lokacin manyan shekaru na [[Ernest Shonekan|gwamnatin Shonekan]] daga takunkumin tattalin arziki. A watan Disamban shekara ta 1999, yana cikin tawagar shugaban kasa Olusegun Obasanjo yayin ziyarar kasar [[Jamus]] . == Kudaden takarar gwamna masu zuwa == Audu ya tsaya takara a zaben gwamnan jihar Kogi a shekara ta 2003 amma ya fadi. A zaben shekara ta 2007, an sake kayar da Audu saboda yawan jin haushin da salon mulkin sa na kama-karya ya nuna a lokacin da ya rike mukamin gwamnan jihar a baya kuma aka sake zabar mai ci yanzu, Ibrahim Idris. Audu ya je kotun zaben da ta soke zaben, kuma ta ba da umarnin sake sabon zabe. Audu ya sake fafatawa da Ibrahim Idris, kuma aka sake kayar da shi. A shekarar 2012, Audu ya fafata da sabon mai shigowa filin, Kyaftin Idris Ichalla Wada, kuma ya kayar da wani zaben da aka ce cike yake da magudi. Sakamakon zaben musamman an yi ikirarin sanar yayin zaben har yanzu yana ci gaba. == Zargin rashawa == Lokacin da Audu bar ofishin a 2003, ya aka tuhuma da Najeriya ta yaki da cin hanci dillancin, da tattalin arzikin Laifukan Hukumar (EFCC), tare da cin hanci da rashawa . An shafe shekaru goma sha biyu ana wannan shari'ar kuma da yawa suna cewa hakan ya samo asali ne a matsayin wani yunkuri na jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP mai mulki]] don bata sunan Audu, musamman dangane da nasarorin da aka samu a lokacinsa. Ya kauda wadannan zarge-zarge, inda ya bayyana cewa, yayin da ya kasance gwamnan jihar samu kasa da [[Naira|N]] miliyan 400 a matsayin wata-wata kasafi, da kuma cewa, dã ya kasance ba zai yiwu ba ga ci kudi da N12 biliyan cewa hukumar da'awar ya yi sa'ad da ya samu kasa da N19 biliyan a cikin duka, duk da haka sun hau kan ayyuka da yawa. == 2015 takarar gwamna == Audu ya fito ne a matsayin dan takarar [[All Progressives Congress|All Progressive Congress]] (APC) a zaben fidda gwani na gwamnan jihar Kogi a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta. Bayan haka, ya sanar da James Abiodun Faleke, dan majalisa, a matsayin abokin takarar sa. == Mutuwa == Audu ya mutu ne sakamakon cutar sankarau a ranar 22 ga Nuwamban shekarata 2015, jim kadan kafin Hukumar Zabe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Kasa ta sanar da zaben gwamnan jihar Kogi a matsayin wanda ba a kammala ba. Ya samu kuri'u fiye da abokin hamayyarsa a zaben amma saboda matsalar da mutuwar tasa ta haifar, jam'iyyarsa ta APC, ta zabi wanda zai zo na biyu a zaben [[Yahaya Bello|fidda gwani, Yahaya Bello]], a matsayin dan takarar da zai maye gurbinsa. == Duba kuma == * [[All Progressives Congress|Jam'iyyar All Progressive Congress]] * [[Bola Tinubu]] * John Odigie Oyegun * [[Kogi]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] [[Category:Yan Najeriya]] ix4wg0ojluszhbnyhtgzxyqishpvt0q 0 20117 549957 412862 2024-12-02T02:43:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Douye Diri''' (An haifeshi ranar 4 ga watan Yuni, 1959). Ɗan siyasa ne, kuma shine gwamnan [[jihar Bayelsa]] mai ci a yanzu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/02/14/breaking-douye-diri-sworn-in-as-governor-of-bayelsa|title=Breaking: Douye Diri sworn-in as Governor of Bayelsa|date=14 February 2020|website=[[P.M. News]]|access-date=14 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Diri and the changing face of Bayelsa - The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/diri-and-the-changing-face-of-bayelsa/amp/|access-date=2022-02-26|website=thenationonlineng.net}}</ref> Ya kasance sanata mai wakiltar Bayelsa ta tsakiya a jihar Bayelsa a majalisar dokokin Najeriya ta 9.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/319667-inec-releases-list-of-elected-senators-apc-62-pdp-37.html|title=INEC releases list of elected senators, APC-62, PDP-37|last=Iroanusi|first=QueenEsther|date=2019-03-11|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailypost.ng/2019/07/11/bayelsa-guber-senator-diri-joins-race/|title=Bayelsa guber: Senator Diri joins race|last=Bello|first=Precious|date=2019-07-11|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-07}}</ref> ==Farkon rayuwa== Douye Diri ya fara karatunsa na farko a makarantar firamare ta Okoro, Sampou, kuma ya kammala a Rev. Proctor Memorial Primary School, Kaiama a shekarar 1977, inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko.{{Ana bukatan hujja}} Douye ya yi karatu a kwalejin ilimi da ke birnin Port-Harcourt ta jihar Rivers inda ya samu takardar shedar ilimi ta kasa (NCE) a shekarar 1985. Ya kuma halarci jami'ar Port-Harcourt, inda ya samu digiri na farko a fannin ilimi (B. Ed) Kimiyyar Siyasa a 1990.{{citation needed|date=October 2021}} == Siyasa == A ranar 13 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2020 ne kotun ƙolin Najeriya ta soke sakamakon zaɓen gwamnan [[jihar Bayelsa]] na 2019 bisa hujjar cewa abokin takarar wanda ya lashe zaɓen, David Lyon, ya miƙa takardar shaidar sirri ga hukumar zaɓe mai zaman kanta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2020/02/13/breaking-supreme-court-sacks-bayelsa-governor-elect-lyon/|title=Supreme Court Sacks Lyon As Bayelsa Governor-Elect, Hours Before Inauguration|website=Channels Television|access-date=2020-02-13}}</ref> Kotun ta umarci a ba Diri takardar shaidar cin zaɓe, wanda zai sa shi zama zaɓaɓɓen gwamna.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tsa|first1=Godwin|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/breaking-news-supreme-court-sacks-lyon-bayelsa-gov-elect-for-presenting-running-mate-with-fake-qualification/|title=Breaking News: Supreme Court sacks Lyon, Bayelsa gov-elect, for presenting running mate with fake qualification|date=14 November 2019|accessdate=13 February 2020|website=Sun News NG}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 2020 aka rantsar da shi a matsayin gwamnan jihar Bayelsa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/politics/douye-diri-sworn-in-as-bayelsa-governor/5z2y3c4|title=Douye Diri sworn in as Bayelsa Governor|last=Wahab|first=Bayo|date=14 February 2020|website=Pulse NG|access-date=14 February 2020}}</ref> ===Hukunce-hukuncen kotu, Agusta 2020=== A ranar 17 ga watan Agustan shekarar 2020, wata kotu a Abuja, Najeriya, ta ba da Umar in tsige Diri daga muƙamin gwamnan jihar.<ref>{{Cite news|date=17 August 2020|title=Tribunal sack Govnor Diri, order fresh election just days afta im bin jubilate say e win case for di same court|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/53803592|access-date=2020-08-17}}</ref> Sai dai a ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 2020, wata kotun ɗaukaka kara da ke zamanta a Abuja ta yi watsi da hukuncin wancen kotun tare da tabbatar da shi a matsayin Gwamna.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Appeal court confam Douye Diri election as Bayelsa Govnor|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-54390720|access-date=2020-10-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2 October 2020|title=Court of Appeal affirms Bayelsa Gov Douye Diri's election|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/politics/court-of-appeal-affirms-bayelsa-gov-douye-diris-election/ymwf7hm|access-date=2020-10-06|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-10-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005054618/https://www.pulse.ng/news/politics/court-of-appeal-affirms-bayelsa-gov-douye-diris-election/ymwf7hm|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Hayaniya a filin jirgin sama== A watan Agustan 2021, an ba da rahoton cewa Diri da mukarrabansa sun yi tir akan hanyarsu da suka isa dai-dai shingayen bincike na jami’an tsaro a filin jirgin sama na Murtala Muhammed, yayin da suke ƙoƙarin shiga jirgin [[United Nigeria Airlines]] na farko daga Legas zuwa Yenagoa.<ref>{{cite web |title="The Bags Belong To The Governor"—Power-Drunk Bayelsa State Governor, Douye Diri, Aides Breach Airport Security Procedure, Refuse To Be Screened To Board Flight |url=http://saharareporters.com/2021/08/11/bags-belong-governor%E2%80%94power-drunk-bayelsa-state-governor-douye-diri-aides-breach-airport |website=[[Sahara Reporters]] |access-date=2 September 2021 |archive-date=2 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902192144/http://saharareporters.com/2021/08/11/bags-belong-governor%E2%80%94power-drunk-bayelsa-state-governor-douye-diri-aides-breach-airport |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1959]] [[category:Gwamnonin Jihar Bayelsa]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Bayelsa]] [[Category:Yan siyasa]] [[Category:Maza]] 8ryuc4y4s1o92mi5rt15wxultrqhzl9 0 20588 549487 510211 2024-12-01T15:51:17Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549487 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Beautiful_Ibibio_dancers.jpg |thumb| Kyakkyawar Rawa daga ƴan ƙabilar]] [[File:Attire.jpg |thumb| Yarinya sanye da kayan gargajiya na kabilar su]] [[Fayil:Picture of people of Ibibio Origin - Ibibio, Annang, Oron, Ekit, Obolo, Ibeno, Ibibio people,.jpg|thumb|Mutanen Ibibio]] Mutanen '''[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ibibio Ibibio] mutane''' ne da ke zaune a gabar teku a kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Galibi ana samun su a cikin [[Akwa Ibom]] da [[Cross River|Kuros Riba]] . Suna da alaƙa da mutanen Annang Igbo da [[Mutanen Efik|Efik]] . A lokacin mulkin mallaka a Najeriya, ƙungiyar haɗin kan Ibibio ta nemi Turawan Ingila su amince da ita a matsayin kasa mai cikakken iko (Nuhu, a shekarar 1988). Annang, Efik, Ekid, Oron da Ibeno suna raba sunaye, al'ada, da al'adu tare da Ibibio, kuma suna magana game da ire-irensu (yare) na Ibibio wanda ya fi fahimtar juna . Kungiyar Ekpo / Ekpe tana da mahimmin ɓangare na tsarin siyasar Ibibio. Suna amfani da masks iri-iri don aiwatar da kulawar zamantakewa. Zane-zane na jiki yana taka rawa a cikin fasahar Ibibio.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Offiong|first1=Daniel A.|title=Social Relations and Witch Beliefs among the Ibibio of Nigeria|journal=Journal of Anthropological Research|date=1983|volume=39|issue=1|pages=81–95|doi=10.1086/jar.39.1.3629817}}</ref>. == Asali == Ana tsammanin mutanen Ibibio su ne farkon mazauna kudu maso kudancin Najeriya. An kuma kiyasta cewa sun isa gidansu na yanzu misalin 7000 BC Duk da tarin tarihin, ba a bayyana lokacin da Ibibio suka iso jihar ba. A cewar wasu masana, watakila sun fito ne daga tsakiyar kwarin Benuwai, musamman, tasirin Jukun a tsohuwar Kalabar a wani lokaci na tarihi. Wani abin nunawa shi ne yadda ake yada manila, sanannen kuɗaɗen kuɗi da Jukuns ke amfani da shi.{{Ana bukatan hujja|reason=See talk page|date=May 2018}} Guda biyu tare da kuma wannan ne Jukun kudancin drive to Coast wanda ya bayyana ga an kwanan nan idan aka kwatanta da samuwar Akwa Ibom ƙauyuka a su a mazaunin suna yanzu . Wani fasalin ya bayyana cewa Kamaru za ta ba da cikakken bayani game da labarin hijirar Ibibio. Hakan ya kuma samu karɓuwa ta hanyar shaidar baka da ma'aikatan filin suka bayar wadanda suka ce ainihin mutanen Ibibio sun fito ne daga tsatson Afaha wanda asalin gidansu Usak Edet ne a kasar Kamaru. An tsara hakan ne saboda cewa a tsakanin mutanen Ibibio, Usak Edet wanda aka fi sani da Edit Afaha (Afaha's Creek) wanda ya nuna gaskiyar cewa mutanen Ibibio sun samo asali ne daga Usak Edet. Bayan yawancin mutanen sun zo inda daga baya ya zama Najeriya, sai suka fara zama a Ibom sannan a Arochukwu. Ibibio dole ne ya zauna a Ibom na ɗan lokaci. Sakamakon rikici da mutanen Ibo, har ya kai ga shahararriyar 'Yaƙin Ibibio', wanda ya faru a kusan 1300 da 1400 AD, sun bar Ibom suka koma ƙasar Ibibio ta yanzu..<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ebong|first=Inih|date=December 1995|title=The Aesthetics of Ugliness in Ibibio Dramatic Arts|journal=African Studies Review|volume=38|issue=3|pages=43–59|jstor=524792|doi=10.2307/524792}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Labarin ƙasa == Ana samun mutanen Ibibio galibi a cikin [[Akwa Ibom|jihar Akwa Ibom]] kuma suna da alaƙa da al’ummar Anaang, da mutanen Ibibio da na Eket da Oron, ko da yake sauran ƙungiyoyi galibi suna fahimtar yaren Ibibio . Saboda yawan mutanen Ibibio, suna riƙe da ikon siyasa a kan [[Akwa Ibom|jihar Akwa-Ibom]], amma ana raba gwamnati tare da Anaangs, Eket da Oron. Tsarin siyasa yana bin tsarin gargajiya na yarda . Ko da yake ana yin zaɓe, a zahiri, ana tattauna shugabannin siyasa ta hanyar da kowa zai amfana. === Yankin Ibibio === Mutanen Ibibio suna cikin yankin kudu maso kudu na yankin kudu maso gabashin Najeriya wanda aka fi sani da Kudu Maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kafin wanzuwar Najeriya a matsayin ƙasa, mutanen Ibibio suna cin gashin kansu. A Ibibio mutane ya zama wani ɓangare na Eastern Najeriya na Najeriya a karkashin [[Birtaniya]] mulkin mallaka. A lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, an raba yankin Gabas zuwa jihohi uku. Jihar Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya ita ce inda Ibibio suke, daya daga cikin asalin jihohin goma sha biyu na Najeriya bayan samun 'yancin kan Najeriya. The Efik, Anaang, Oron, Eket, da 'yan'uwansu maza da mata na Gundumar Ogoja, su ma suna cikin yankin Kudu maso Gabas. Daga baya aka sauyawa jihar suna (jihar '''kudu maso gabas''' ) zuwa [[Cross River|jihar Cross Rivers]] . A ranar 23 ga Satumbar 1987, da Dokar Soja ta No.24, aka sassaka [[Akwa Ibom|Jihar Akwa Ibom]] [[Cross River|daga wancan jihar ta Kuros Ribas]] a matsayin jihar ta daban. [[Cross River|Jihar Kuros Ribas ta]] kasance ɗaya daga cikin jihohin makwabta. Yankin Kudu maso Yammacin Kamaru wani yanki ne na [[Cross River|Jihar Kuros Riba da Jahar]] [[Akwa Ibom|Akwa Ibom ta]] Najeriya. A lokacin yankin Gabashin Najeriya na wancan lokacin, ya samu raba ƙasar Kamaru a cikin yardar Allah a shekarar 1961. Wannan ya haifar da raba Ibibio, Efik, da Annang tsakanin Najeriya da Kamaru. Ko yaya, shugabancin Yankin Arewacin Najeriya ya sami damar riƙe "sashin Arewa maso yamma" yayin sassaucin ra'ayi wanda a yanzu ya zama jihohin Adamawa da Taraba na yau. == Tsarin siyasa == A al'adance al'ummar Ibibio ta ƙunshi al'ummomi waɗanda suka haɗa da manyan iyalai masu nasaba da jini kowanne wanda yake shugabanta da shugaban tsarin mulki da na addini da ake kira ''Ikpaisong'' . Obong Ikpaisong ya yi mulki tare da '''Mbong Ekpuk''' (Shugaban Iyalan) wanda tare da shugabannin kungiyoyin asiri da al'ummomi suka zama 'Afe ko Asan ko Esop Ikpaisong' (Majalisar Gargajiya ko Masarautar Gargajiya ko Kotun Gargajiya '). Shawarwarin Obong Ikpaisong an zartar da su ne daga membobin ƙungiyar Ekpo ko Obon waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin manzannin ruhohi da sojoji da ’yan sanda na yankin. Membobin Ekpo ko yaushe suna lullube da fuskokinsu yayin gudanar da aikinsu na 'yan sanda. Ko da yake kusan an san asalinsu ko yaushe, tsoron azabtarwa daga magabatan ya hana yawancin mutane zargin waɗancan membobin da suka wuce iyakarsu, ta yadda suke aikata ta'asar 'yan sanda. Membobi a bude suke ga duk maza na Ibibio, amma dole ne mutum ya samu damar mallakar dukiya don matsawa cikin maki mai tasiri a siyasance. Babbar manufar Ekpo ita ce ta kare mutanenta kuma ta zama kariya ga masu kai hari. Suna damuwa da lamuran da larura waɗanda suka shafi lafiyar garin gaba ɗaya. Kari kan haka, ya zama wata hanya ce ta maza don amfani da kuzari don amfanin kowa da kowa. A cikin watannin Yuni zuwa Disamba, kungiyar Ekpo tana taka rawa babba a rayuwar al'umma. Yawancin ayyuka kamar su noma, sayayya, da samun abinci da ruwa an hana su a ranakun da masks ke fita kuma ana yin su. Laifuka suna kuma haifar da sakamako mai girma a wannan lokacin. Duk da yake hukunce-hukuncen sun fi sassauci a yau, mutumin da aka kama yana sata a wannan lokacin a cikin shekarun 1940 membobin Ekpo za su kashe shi. Babban hafsan zai turo wasu mutane wadanda suka rufe fuska don tunkarar mai karya doka idan bukatar hakan ta taso. An san shi da ƙungiyar asiri duk da cewa ƙauyen ya san manufa da ayyukan. Wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa dole ne kowa ya bi wasu dokoki a lokacin Ekpo. Asiri mafi mahimmanci sune jerin kalmomin lambobi da matakan raye-raye waɗanda aka koyar don farawa da amfani da membobi. Sanin waɗannan sirrin yana bawa membobi damar yin tafiye tafiye cikin lokacin, kuma kamawa da aka yi tafiya ba tare da sanin kalmomin sirrin da rawa ba zai haifar da kama. Ƙungiyar Obon, tare da ƙazamar ƙazamar gargajiyar gargajiyar ta da karɓaɓɓiyar karɓa, tana aiwatar da ayyukanta a bayyane tare da jerin gwanon kiɗa da shahararrun membobi waɗanda suka haɗa da yara, matasa, manya da tsofaffi mata tsofaffi. == Addini == === Zamanin Mulkin Mallaka === Addinin Ibibio (Inam) yana da girma biyu, wanda ya danganci zub da ruwan sha, sadaukarwa, sujada, nasiha, sadarwa da kira ga Allah na Sama (Abasi Enyong), Allah na Duniya (Abasi Isong) da Maɗaukaki ( Abasi Ibom) daga Masarautar Tsarin Mulki da Sarkin Addini / Shugaban wata Al'umma ta Ibibio wanda aka san shi tun zamanin da a matsayin '''Obong-Ikpaisong''' (kalmar 'Obong Ikpaisong' kai tsaye ake fassara ma'anarta shi ''ne Shugaban Manyan Earthasashe 'ko' Sarkin Duniya da Manufofin 'ko Sarakunan Gargajiya'' ). Matsayi na biyu na Addinin Ibibio ya danganci bautar, shawara, roƙo, sadaukarwa, kwantar da hankali, da sauransu na Allah na Sama (Abasi Enyong) da Allah na Duniya (Abasi Isong) ta hanyar abubuwa marasa ganuwa ko na ruhaniya (ni Ndem ) na reshen Ibibio daban-daban kamar su Atakpo Ndem Uruan Inyang, Afia Anwan, Ekpo / Ekpe Onyong, Etefia Ikono, Awa Itam, da sauransu. Firistocin waɗannan Alloli (ni Ndem) su ne Manyan Firistoci / Firistoci na Haikali na Firistoci daban-daban na Rarraba Ibibio. Wani yanki na Ibibio zai iya kunshi al'ummomi masu zaman kansu masu yawa ko kuma masarautu wanda wani Babban Firist mai mulki mai suna Obong-Ikpaisong ke mulki, wanda shugabannin manyan iyalai (Mbong Ekpuk) wadanda suka hada Al'umma suka taimaka. Waɗannan sun kasance tsoffin tsarin siyasa da addini na mutanen Ibibio tun fil azal. Al'adar, wacce aka fassara ta da Harshen Ibibio, ita ce 'Ikpaisong'. Gargajiya (Ikpaisong) a Al'adun Ibibio ya ƙunshi Tsarin Addini da Siyasa. Kalmar 'Obong' a yaren Ibibio na nufin 'Sarki, Sarki, Ubangiji, Shugaba, Shugaba' kuma ana amfani da ita ya danganta da damuwar Ofishin. Dangane da Obong-Ikpaisong, kalmar 'Obong' na nufin 'Sarki'. Dangane da Shugaban Ƙauye, kalmar tana nufin 'Shugaba'. Dangane da Shugaban Iyalai (Obong Ekpuk), kalmar tana nufin 'Kai' Dangane da Allah, kalmar tana nufin 'Ubangiji'. Dangane da Shugaban al'ummomi daban-daban - misali 'Obong Obon', kalmar tana nufin 'Shugaba ko Shugaba'. '''Tsarkakkun sasashe (Akai)''' Wurare a cikin kowane ƙauye ƙasashe ne masu alfarma, akai (daji). An kira su akai saboda babu wanda aka bari ya share su don noma. Duk wuraren da aka binne su, wuraren bautar gumaka na kabilu da wuraren kungiyoyin asiri kamar Ekpo Onyoho, Ekpe, Ekoong, Idiong, Ekong, da Obon, masu tsarki ne. Duk abin da ke waɗannan wuraren tsarkakakku ne. Ba a ba wa waɗanda ba membobin ƙungiyar asirin damar shiga wuraren da aka keɓe don irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin ɓoye ba, har ma da tattara itacen wuta, sanduna, 'ya'yan itatuwa (kamar ɗanɗano), kayan lambu (kamar afang da odusa) ko katantanwa, ko kuma farautar dabbobin da suka yi yawa a cikin dazuzzuka. Bayani mai sauki ne. Idan aka bar wadanda ba membobi ba suka shiga kowace kungiyar asiri za su iya gano sirrin zamantakewar su mai mutunci, kuma mugayen mutane suna iya wulakanta kaburburan kakanninsu saboda haka haramcin. '''Rai da Rai Bayan Mutuwa''' Kamar yawancin kalmomin Ibibio, sunan Ukpong (Soul) yana da ma'anoni huɗu. Na farko, jikin mutum, na biyu, ruhu, na uku, ruhu, da na huɗu, kan-ruhu; na ƙarshen koyaushe yana zaune a gidan Abasi Ibom kuma ya banbanta da daidaikun mutane wanda tsakanin haɗuwa da zama cikin ƙasar matattu. Kodayake ruhu da ruhu suna haɗuwa, yawancin Ruhu yana ƙunshe a cikin wannan yanki na girman kai wanda ya zama jiki. A cewar Talbot, ya dace da ruhi wanda yake amfani da wani lokacinsa a matsayin dabba ko kuma a cikin daji-daji a cikin daji ko ruwa kuma ana kiransa Ukpong Ikot, ko kurmin daji. Ba a tsammanin inuwa tana da alaƙa da jikin mutum amma ya zama fitowar ruhi ne don haka ya zama tasirin kai tsaye ta kowane mataki a kai. Mafi yawan Ibibio sun yi imanin cewa ana iya kiran ran mutum zuwa inuwarsa, wanda aka sanya shi ya bayyana a cikin kwandon ruwa. Inuwar ta zama mashi, ana ganin jininsa a cikin ruwa a kwatancen sai mutumin ya mutu. Ibibio sun yi imani cewa bayan mutuwa ana rayuwa da irin wannan rayuwa yayin rayuwar duniya; Misali, manoma, maƙera, mafarauta, da masunta zasu ci gaba da ayyukansu na da yayin da hulɗar zamantakewa da nishaɗi suma zasu ci gaba kamar da. Yanayi, gidaje, albarkatun gona da dabbobin lahira suna da kamanni ɗaya a wannan duniyar amma kawai dabbobin, tsire-tsire da kayan abinci waɗanda aka sadaukar domin girmama matattu ake jigilar su a can. Ofasar matattu, kamar ta masu rai, an yi imani da cewa an raba ta zuwa ƙasashe, garuruwa, ƙauyuka da layuka inda al'ummomin mutane daban-daban suke rayuwa kamar ƙasa. A lokacin mutuwa kowane mutum yana zuwa yankin da mutanensa suke zaune. '''Obot (Yanayi)''' Ibibio yayi imani da obot, ma'ana, halittar mutum da Allah. Idan wani mutum ne daji, sai su ce an halicce shi ta wannan hanyar; idan yana da kirki, to haka ma Allah ya halicce shi ya zama; idan shi talaka ne ko mai arziƙi, wannan shi ne rabonsa, da sauransu, don haka babu wani abin da wani zai iya yi don canza masa kuri'a, domin an tsara shi haka. ''Essien Emana'' (makoma) Ibibio kuma sunyi imani da irin wannan hanyar a cikin ''ƙaddara, essien emana'' ko ''uwa'' . Misali, idan mutum ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani, wannan shine yadda ya mutu a cikin kasancewarsa ta baya kuma sabili da haka dole ne ya mutu ta wannan hanyar. Idan yana da wadata, ya kasance haka cikin yanayin kasancewarsa ta baya kuma dole ne ya zama haka yanzu; idan ya kasance mai hazaka, to haka ya kamata ya zama, da dai sauransu. Zai iya, koyaya, juya yanayin idan ya shawarci Mbia Idiong, wanda shi kaɗai zai iya gaya masa abin da zai yi. Masu duba zasu iya taimaka masa ya nuna masa menene ya aikata a rayuwarsa ta baya wacce ta shafi rayuwarsa ta yanzu. Sannan za su iya rubuta masa abin da zai yi don magance yanayin da ke taɓarɓarewa. Idan aka bi umarnin sosai, za a iya juya matsayin, sun yi imani. Misali, idan mutum ba shi da wata matsala wani mai duba zai iya gaya masa cewa ya kashe yara marasa laifi a cikin kasancewarsa ta baya, kuma iyayen mamacin da sauran jama'a sun la'anta shi, suna cewa ba shi da wata matsala kuma zai ci gaba da kashe yara marasa laifi a duk lokacin da ya shiga cikin jikinsa sai dai in ya ba da wasu abubuwan a matsayin hadaya. Lokacin da Mbia Idiong ya gaya masa abin da abubuwan suke kuma ya miƙa su a matsayin sadaukarwa ga Uwar Duniya, Ibibio sun yi imanin cewa za a juya lamarin; in ba haka ba, zai kasance ba shi da ɗa. === Mulkin mallaka da zamanin mulkin mallaka === An gabatar da Ibibio zuwa [[Kiristanci|addinin Krista]] ta hanyar aikin mishaneri na farko a ƙarni na sha tara. Samuel Bill ya fara aikin sa a Ibeno. Ya kafa Cocin Qua Iboe wanda daga baya ya baje wurare a tsakiyar belin Najeriya. Daga baya, an gabatar da wasu majami'u misali Ikilisiyar Apostolic. Coci-coci masu zaman kansu irin su Deeper Life Bible Church, sun shigo yankin a kashi na biyu na karni na ashirin. A yau mutanen Ibibio galibi kiristoci ne. === Baibul cikin yaren Ibibio === Tarihi an yi shi a ranar 27 ga Agusta 2020 cewa an gabatar da fassarar Ibibio ta farko a cikin Ibom Hall a Uyo, babban birnin Akwa Ibom. Wanda ɗan shekara 200 ya wallafa, Bibleungiyar Baibul ta Duniya ta Duniya (Biblica) ta Amurka, masu bugun NIV. [[File:Nwed-Abasi.jpg|thumb| Nwed Abasi ke Iko Ibibio Ayo Mfin - Ufa Edioomo]] Malaman Ibibio sun fassara littafin Ibibio ɗin waɗanda suka haɗa da Farfesa Margaret Mary Okon, Bassey Okon, Eno-Abasi Urua, Inimbom Akpan, Udo Etuk, da Dr. Paulinus Noah, Dr. Effiong Ekpenyong da Rev. Fr. Dr. Donatus Udoette, masanin ilimin tauhidi wanda ya kware sosai a yaren Girka. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.newsfrontonline.com.ng/ibibio-bible-is-here/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-06-05 |archive-date=2022-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126230125/https://www.newsfrontonline.com.ng/ibibio-bible-is-here/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Zane-zane == === Amawali === [[File:Raccolte_Extraeuropee_-_Passaré_00030_-_Maschera_Ibibio_-_Nigeria_(2).jpg|thumb| Wani abin rufe fuska "mummuna" na al'ummomin Ekpo da gangan ta hanyar jaw.]] Abubuwan rufe fuska da sanya kaya daga cikin al'ummomin Ekpo sune manyan ayyukan fasaha a cikin al'ummar Ibibio. Ibibio galibi suna wasa da gangan cikin masks don murƙushe fuska. <ref name=":0">Cole, Herbert M., and Dierk Dierking. </ref> Wani sashi wanda yake fitowa sau da yawa a cikin maskin Ibibio shine ƙananan muƙamuƙin da aka bayyana. Mutanen Ibibio suna da babban taken nuna bambancin masks maza da mata ta amfani da launuka masu duhu da haske bi da bi. Wadannan masks ba koyaushe ake yin su tare ba, amma akwai cikakkiyar fahimtar dangantakar abokan adawar su. Amawali ko abin rufe fuska na mata an yi musu ado da launuka masu haske kamar fari. Siffofinsu suna da kyau don jaddada mata. A gefe guda kuma, masks na maza suna amfani da launuka masu duhu don wakiltar sojojin sufi na gandun daji. Waɗannan masks galibi suna da manyan sifofi kuma an halicce su da ganganci mara kyau. Sun cimma wannan ne ta hanyar jirkita fasali a cikin dabi'un da ba na ɗabi'a ba kamar idanunsu masu zubda ciki ko bakin da basu dace ba. Yawancin nakasawa da ke cikin maski sun fito ne daga cututtukan mutum da cututtuka. ''Thatawayan da'' ake nunawa sau da yawa shine gangosa - wani ɓangare na hauka . Alamun rashin kuba da sandunan tafiya suma suna bayyana sau da yawa don nuna alamun karma da tsufa. Kayan maza suna hada kayan halitta daga jeji kamar su raffia, da kuma kwaya irin ta kwalliya. Kayan mata suna amfani da abubuwa kamar su zane mai launi mai haske don wakiltar tsarin rayuwa a ƙauye. ==== Ekpo / Ekpe ==== An yi amfani da abin rufe fuska na wannan ƙungiyar don tsoratar da tsoro da aiwatar da kulawar jama'a . Mafi yawan nau'ikan abin rufe fuska shine wanda aka yi shi don fuska tare da raffia mai tsayin daka a haɗe. Tasirin abin rufe fuska da ingancin tsoratarwa na daga cikin abin da ke ba su ƙarfinsu, ban da dogon tarihin Ekpo. Sanya abin rufe fuska na Ekpo shine mika wuya ga asalin duniya kuma mu dauki na magabata. Amawali da aka yi amfani da su na iya zama mallakar kakannin da suka mutu ne, waɗanda aka yi don su yi kama da kakanni, ko kuma waɗanda aka yi su don su yi kama da gwaraza na ƙauye. Da yawa ana sassaka su ne daga itace mara nauyi wanda ake kira ''ukot'' (itacen inabin dabino). Wannan yana basu saukin sawa da motsawa cikin. Don ƙarin tallafi, an kulle abin rufe fuskar ga mai ɗaukar ta da igiya, kuma ana iya saka wani katako mai kwance a cikin mask ɗin don cizon ciki. Baya ga raffia a kan maskin kansa, masu yin wasan suna kuma sanya siket ɗin raffia mai tsawon gwiwa. Paintedananan ƙafafu, hannaye, da hannaye an zana su da gawayi. Ana ƙara sabon raffia a cikin mask kowane kakar, kuma ana nuna shi a lokacin bazara a cikin iyali ko wurin bautar gumaka. === Ikot Ekpene === Ibibio an san su da katako, raffia - saƙa, da yin tukwane. [[Ikot Ekpene]] gari ne a Nijeriya da aka san shi da kasuwannin sa inda ake siyar da sana'a ga touristsan yawon buɗe ido da andan Najeriya masu matsakaicin matsayi. Duk da yake ba a san Ibibio da aikin ƙarfe ba, akwai adadi mai yawa na masu sana'ar hannu da ke yin irin wannan fasaha don sayarwa. [[File:Brooklyn_Museum_56.6.11_Ekpo_Society_Mask_with_Fringe_Attachment.jpg|thumb| Ekpo ta rufe fuskar jama'a tare da haɗa raffia fringe]] Yawancin abubuwan ƙarfe da ake ƙerawa suna da manufa mai ma'ana maimakon ta ado. Duk da wannan, akwatinan Ibibio na da ado sosai. Suna nuna fasalin ƙarfe na ado na ado, zanen roba masu launi, da ɓangarorin gilashi a gefen. Yawancin mutane da suke sassaƙa mashin Ekpo suna zaune a Ikot Ekpene. === Zanen Jiki === Ana amfani da gyare-gyaren jiki na ɗan lokaci da na dindindin. Hyaukaka da yanayi duka manyan abubuwa ne waɗanda ake wasa da su a cikin ƙirar. Gyaran gashi, zanen jiki, da gyaran jiki sune babban abin da aka maida hankali wajan zane-zanen jikin da Ibibio keyi. Kiba da gangan ga 'yan mata wani bangare ne mai mahimmancin al'adu na Ibibio. ==== Zanen jiki ==== A zane, maƙasudin shine a ƙarfafa maimakon rufe fuskar mai ɗaukar ko wasu sassan jiki. Alamar dot tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen fahimtar kyakkyawa. Okon Umetuk a cikin kasidarsa mai taken "Zanen Jiki a Al'adun Ibibio", ya bayyana cewa<blockquote>'Dot' ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin cikakkiyar alama don nunawa da taƙaita kyakkyawa a cikin al'adun Ibibio. </blockquote>Ana samun shaidar wannan a ɗumbin ɗigo da suka bayyana a fuskoki da jikin mutanen da aka yi wa ado. Ana iya amfani da alamar 'X' a goshi, wuyan hannu, da ƙafafun kafa azaman hanya don yin alama tsakanin sulhu. Lokacin da mai sihiri ya sanya shi, yana iya alama alaƙar da kansa da alloli da kuma mutanensa. Membobin al'ada na iya sa shi don alamar alamar zaman lafiya, tawali'u, da karɓa. ''Odung'' wani nau'in zane ne na jiki wanda ake amfani dashi don al'amuran kamar aure, haihuwa, shekarun haihuwa, da mutuwa. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi don nuna matsayin mutum a cikin al'ummar Ekpo. Wannan tsari ana amfani dashi tsakanin mata. Ana yin hakan sau da yawa bayan haihuwar yaro. Yatsun da aka bari daga baya na iya zama a kan fata na tsawon watanni uku. Masana galibi sune waɗanda suke zana wasu, kuma aikin na iya ɗaukar daga awanni biyar zuwa takwas kafin kammalawa. ''Iduot'' wani nau'i ne na zanen jiki wanda yake nuna haihuwa. Ana ɗaukar launin daga garin itacen da aka niƙa sannan kuma a saka shi a ruwa wanda yake samar da wani abu ja. Dabino na mutane, ƙafafu, ƙafafu, da fuskoki an yi musu ado da launin launi. Ibibio yana amfani da shi sashi don tasirin gogewarta. Bayan ci gaba da amfani, yana samar da laushi mai laushi da haske. Sigogin zamani na ado na jiki kamar s, abin sakawa a saman ido, jambaki, da eyeliner suna amfani da mutanen Ibibio na zamani. Waɗannan samfuran suna taimaka musu su bayyana kansu cikin dacewa, amma yanzu suna cikin sabon salon magana. Adon jiki yana da dogon tarihi ga Ibibio. ''Anyi'' amfani da abubuwa kamar su Atido don adon fatar ido tun kafin ƙirar ido ta zamani. Kamar sauran al'adun duniya, matan Ibibio suna sanya ido sosai idan ana maganar gyara. ==== Mbopo ==== Kiba wa 'yan mata da ake yi wa aure tsohuwar al'ada ce da ke mutuwa. Dalilin wannan shine a karawa matan da basu da aure kyau kuma a shirya mata rayuwar aure. Da zarar yarinya ta yi wannan al'ada, ana yi mata kallon ''Mbopo.'' Wannan kalmar tana nufin aikin yi wa yarinya kitso da kuma ita kanta yarinyar. Babban fasali na wannan shine koyarwar amare masu zuwa abubuwan ciki da waje na kula da yara, uwaye, yadda ake kiyaye gida, da kuma yadda ake tsammanin ta kasance. Yanayin kudi na iyayen yarinya shine ke tantance tsawon lokacin da zata zauna a gidan kiba. Wannan na iya kaiwa ko'ina daga watanni uku zuwa shekaru bakwai, amma mafi yawansu suna tsayawa kusan shekaru uku. Yayin zamansu, ana ciyar da 'yan matan sosai kuma ba a tsammanin su yi wani aiki. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yadda tarihi ya nuna, yin ƙiba alama ce ta wadata da ƙoshin lafiya ga Ibibio. Hakanan uwaye masu shayarwa suna yin wata al'ada ta kitse wanda yawanci yakan faru ne ga ɗansu na fari. Miji da uwar miji duk ana sa ran za su biya kudin yin tsafin. Ibibio na ganin dabi'a ce uwa ta huta bayan haihuwarta, don haka uwa ba ta yin wani aiki mai wahala. ==== Salon gashi ==== Salolin gashi wata hanya ce ta Ibibio don alamar wasu alamu. Salon gashi a cikin Ibibioland sun haɗa da cikakken zane tare da ba tare da amfani da zaren ba. Wasu salon alamu ne na labarai ko abubuwan da suka faru a rayuwar mai ɗaukar hoto. Idan matar aure tana da gashi mara kyau, wannan yana nuna cewa wani wanda take kusa da shi, yawanci mijinta, yaro, ko kuma wani dangi, ya mutu. Sauran salon na iya zama alamun shekaru, matsayin aure, ko matsayin zamantakewar su. Hakanan akwai salon gyara gashi ba tare da wata ma'ana wacce kawai ake sawa don dalilai na zamani ba. == Ƙabilun Ibibio == Ibibio sun kasu kashi shida ƙungiyoyin gargajiya: Gabashin Ibibio, ko Ibibio Proper; Yammacin Ibibio, ko Annang; Arewacin Ibibio, ko Enyong; Kudancin Ibibio, ko Eket; Delta Ibibio, ko Andoni-Ibeno; da Riverine Ibibio, ko Efik. == Lambobin Ibibio == Lambobi daga sifili zuwa goma: {| class="wikitable" !A'a ! Turanci ! Ibibio |- | 0 | Sifili | Ikpoikpo |- | 1 | Daya | Keed |- | 2 | Biyu | Iba |- | 3 | Uku | Ita |- | 4 | Hudu | Inañ |- | 5 | Biyar | Yankuna |- | 6 | Shida | Itiokeed |- | 7 | Bakwai | Itiaba |- | 8 | Takwas | Itiaita |- | 9 | Tara | Usokeed |- | 10 | Goma | Duop |- |} == Yawan jama'a == * Jihar Akwa Ibom ta Najeriya * Jihar Kuros Riba ta Najeriya * Yankin Benuwe na Nijeriya (mutanen Efik-Ibibio sun kasance mafi yawan ƙabilu na asalin asalin Benuwai na Nijeriya) == Ndi Ibibio == === Nnyin Ido Ibibio === Mu mutanen Ibibio ne. "Ndi" kalma ce ta Efik da ke nufin "Ni ne". Yayinda "Ndo" Ibibio yake kamar "Nde" shine Annang, Efik da Ibibio suna amfani dashi mafi yawa. == Karin bayani == * Litinin Efiong Noah, ''Shari'ar Ibibio Union 1928-1937'' . Kamfanin Kasuwanci na Zamani Ltd, Uyo. * Majalisar Sarakunan Gargajiya, Mbiabong Etim, wacce ke gabatar da jawabi ga dandalin ‘yan makarantar Mbiabong Etim kan asalinsu da kuma hijirar mutanen Mbiabong Etim na karamar Hukumar Ini, ta Jihar Akwa Ibom, 2009. * Ikpe, Emmanuel Dominic, "Ibibio Nation" 2018. Gwamnatin Tarayyar Jami'ar daliban Uyo. * Udo, Edet A. (1983) Wanene Ibibio? Afirka-Feb Publishers Limited. Onitsha, Najeriya. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9781750871|9781750871]] == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.nacd.gov.ng/Akwa%20Ibom%20state%20people.htm FASAHA NAJERIYA DA DARAJAR AL'ADA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116132450/http://www.nacd.gov.ng/Akwa%20Ibom%20state%20people.htm |date=2019-01-16 }} * [http://ibommedia.com/ibibio-people-the-brief-history-of-akwa-ibom-state/ Mutanen Ibibio] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131222308/http://ibommedia.com/ibibio-people-the-brief-history-of-akwa-ibom-state/ |date=2020-01-31 }} * [http://www.mbohousa.org Mboho Mkparawa Ibibio (Amurka), Inc.] * [http://www.mboho.org Mboho Mkparawa Ibibio International] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605045147/http://www.mboho.org/ |date=2021-06-05 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120320154648/http://www.myibibio.com/ Kamus na Ibibio na kan layi] * [https://exchange.umma.umich.edu/advanced_search/query?type=3&title=&keywords=&min_rating=0&max_rating=5&style=+&collection_area=+&medium=&support=&classification=+&artist=&artist_nationality=Ibibio&credit_line=&collection_identifier=&date_created=&location=+&author_lookup=&author_id=0 Ayyuka ne daga masu zane-zanen Ibibio a Jami’ar Michigan Museum of Art]{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://art.seattleartmuseum.org/people/9313/ibibio/objects Ayyuka na masu zane-zane Ibibio a Seattle Museum of Art] * [http://www.sacred-texts.com/afr/wmp/index.htm ''Sirrin Mata na Jama'a na Farko''] (wanda aka buga a 1915) na D. Amaury Talbot, ya mai da hankali kan rayuwar mata a cikin wannan al'adar. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Kabila]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya|*]] [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Al'ummomi]] [[Category:Al'ummomin Nijeriya]] [[Category:Al'adun Najeriya]] snt33pqziip0ua92ne9dgx4m7frdj2u 0 20953 549453 499648 2024-12-01T13:58:44Z Mustysummy 21281 549453 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Hédi Majdoub, 7 décembre 2016.jpg|thumb|hutun Hédi Majdoub]] [[Fayil:Youssef Chahed et Hédi Majdoub, 29 août 2016.jpg|thumb|youssef chahed a wurin taro]] '''Hédi Majdoub,'''(an [[Haifa Guedri|haife]] shi a ranar daya 1 ga watan [[Disamba|Disamban]] shekarar [[Nacho Monreal|na]] alif dubu daya da dari tara da sittin da tara 1969)<ref> "Biographie de Hédi Majdoub, ministre de l'Intérieur"</ref> ɗan [[Tunisiya|siyasan Tunusiya]] ne. Ya yi aiki kuma a matsayin Ministan Cikin Gida a majalisar firaminista Youssef Chahed . == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1969]] [[Category:Minista]] cfxs1kuqjctvjikn423hzdculnci39g 0 21629 550428 490146 2024-12-02T11:41:01Z Smshika 14840 550428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Mohammed Ghaddar Kelantan, 2012 (crop 1).jpg|thumb|Mohamad Ghaddar]] [[Fayil:2021-22 Tripoli vs Nejmeh 04.jpg|thumb|Mohamad Ghaddar acikin Tawaga]] {{Databox}} '''Mohamad Mahmoud Ghaddar,''' ({{Lang-ar|محمد محمود غدار}}; an haifeshi ranar 1 ga watan Janairun 1984) ya kasance [[Kwallan Kwando|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na kasar [[Lebanon]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba na [[Lebanese Premier League]] ta Nejmeh. == Klub din == === Nejmeh === Ghaddar ya fara aikin samartaka ne a Nejmeh a ranar 26 ga watan Fabrairun 1998. Bayan kammala karatunsa daga makarantar matasa ya fara zama na farko a kungiyar, shekaru biyu bayan haka kuma ya kasance memba na kungiyar da ta yi ikirarin taken kakar 1999 zuwa, wanda shi ne kambun Lig na farko na kungiyar na tsawon shekaru 20. A tsawon shekaru goma, Ghaddar ya ci gaba da neman wasu lakabi hudu kuma ya karbi kyaututtuka daban-daban a gasar laliga tare da karfafa sunansa a matsayin daya daga cikin fitattun 'yan wasa a [[Lebanon]]. === Al Shabab === A watan Disamban 2009, Ghaddar ya rattaba hannu kan kungiyar Al-Shabab ta gasar Premier ta [[Bahrain]] a kakar wasa ta shekara ta 2009 zuwa 2010. A ranar 18 ga watan Maris na shekarar 2010, Ghaddar ya ci wa Al-Shabab kwallonsa ta farko a wasan da suka doke Muharraq da ci (3-1). Makonni biyu bayan haka ya zira kwallaye biyu a kan Busaiteen a wasan da suka doke (1-1) a ranar 2 ga Afrilu. A ranar 15 ga watan Mayu, Ghaddar ya zira kwallaye biyu a raga a wasan da suka doke Malkiya da ci (2-1). Kwallaye biyar da ya ci a wasanni shida a karshen kakar wasanni ta 2009 zuwa 2010 ya taimaka wa kulob din tsallakewa faduwa daga rukuni na biyu. === Al Ahly === Ghaddar signed a four-year-contract with Egypt's Al Ahly for the( 2010zuwa2011) Egyptian Premier League season, become the first Lebanese player to sign for the Egyptian team. Ghaddar debuted for Al Ahly on (6) August (2010) in a( 0–0) draw with Ittihad El-Shorta where he was substituted onto the field for Mohamed Talaat on( 76) minutes. He made one appearance for Al Ahly during the (2010) CAF Champions League group stage on (12) September( 2010) in a (2–1) win against [[Najeriya|Nigerian]] side Heartland F.C. where he was substituted onto the field for Mohamed Fadl on (76) minutes. Ghaddar was released by the club after just six months of his handful of appearances. [[Fayil:Kelantan VS Selangor (8093653736).jpg|thumb|Mohamad Ghaddar]] Ghaddar ya koma kungiyar Siriya, Tishreen SC a kakar shekarar( 2010zuwa2011) , amma daga karshe ya koma kungiyar Al-Jaish SC Damascus . === Kelantan === Ghaddar a hukumance ya hade da zakaran Super League na 2011 da kuma 2011 FA Cup Runners-Up, Kelantan FA a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamban 2011, inda ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru 2 tare da kungiyar. Kulob din yana Gabas ta Gabas ta [[Maleziya|Malaysia]] kuma yana wasa a gasar cin kofin AFC na shekarar 2012. After his duty with the national team, he officially joined Kelantan on 29, December 2011, and made his first appearance with the club and also scored his first goal at the same time in a 3–1, win against Perak FA during a pre season friendly match, scoring through a penalty in the 90th minute. Ya fara kakar wasan da zura kwallaye a wasanni 6, duka biyu da fanareti. Koyaya, an sake rajistarsa cikin tawagar Super League ta Kelantan a watan Fabrairu, wanda aka maye gurbinsa da Onyekachi Nwoha. Bayan rawar da ya taka a gasar cin kofin AFC na shekarar 2012, inda ya ci kwallaye 6 a wasanni 4, an sake yi masa rijista a kungiyar Kelantan Super League a watan Afrilu, a madadin Nwoha. <ref>http://www.nst.com.my/sports/soccer/kelantan-opt-for-ghaddar-1.74464</ref> Ya ci kwallo lokacin da ya dawo Super League a kan PBDKT T-Team FC, sannan kuma ya ci fanareti a wasan da suka tashi( 2-1) a ranar (17) ga watan Afrilu shekarar (2012) . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://football.thestar.com.my/2012/04/18/kelantan-keep-up-pressure-on-lions/ |access-date=2021-06-18 |archive-date=2013-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810121233/http://football.thestar.com.my/2012/04/18/kelantan-keep-up-pressure-on-lions |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ghaddar wins his first title with Kelantan, when he helps Kelantan to win the Malaysia FA Cup for the first time, by beating Sime Darby F.C.( 1–0) in the final on( 19) May (2012) . He scored the only goal in the final, converting a penalty in the 58th minute. Ghaddar ya zama sanadin intanet a cikin watan Mayun 2012 bayan da aka yi izgili da wani aikin ƙafa. <ref>http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/blogs/world-of-sport/player-humiliating-showboating-attempt-144831270.html?nc</ref> === FELDA United === '''Kelantan''' === Kelantan === ==== Lokacin 2014 ==== Ghaddar ya sake komawa kungiyar Super League ta [[Malaysia]] bayan ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu tare da tsohuwar kungiyarsa, Kelantan FA. A baya, ya yi wasa tare da Felda United amma an sake shi saboda raunin da ya ji. Ya ci kwallaye biyu a dawowarsa a kan PKNS Selangor a lokacin budewar kakar shekarar 2014 wanda Kelantan ya ci (2-1). A ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu, Kelantan FA ya dakatar da kwantiraginsa. ==== Lokacin 2017 ==== Ghaddar re-sign for the third time with Kelantan FA after he was unveiled as one of their new import player on 15 January 2017. He scored 18 goals in 11 matches for kelantan before decide to move to JDT. He scored 2 goals during his 2017 season debut against PKNS. === Johor Darul Ta'zim === Bayan jita-jita da yawa game da makomar sa, a ranar( 16) ga watan Mayu shekarar (2017) Johor Darul Ta'zim ya sanar da cewa sun cimma yarjejeniya game da canza Ghaddar kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba. Koyaya an bayar da rahoton cewa Ghaddar ya kashe kusan RM( 1,000,000 zuwa RM 5,000,000) kuma an bayar da rahoton cewa za a biya shi daga RM( 170,000 zuwa RM 200,000) kowane wata wanda hakan zai sa ya zama mai karɓar albashi mafi girma a tarihin kwallon kafa na Malaysia. Ghaddar ya fara buga wa Johor Darul Ta'zim wasa ne a wasan da suka doke PKNS da ci (1 da 0) kuma ya ba da taimakon cin nasarar wasan a ranar (24) ga watan Mayu shekarar (2017). <ref>Mohammad Ghaddar provides assist as leaders JDT beat PKNS in MSL http://www.espnfcasia.com/blog/football-asia/153/post/3132896/mohammad-ghaddar-assist-as-leaders-jdt-beat-pkns-in-msl</ref> Ghaddar ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a Johor Darul Ta'zim a wasan da suka doke Penang gida da ci 2 da 0 a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2017. A ranar 15 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2017, Ghaddar ya ci kwallaye biyu a wasanni biyar yayin da kulob dinsa ya ci Sarawak 3-1. Sannan ya sake zura kwallaye biyu a ranan 22 ga Yuli 2017 akan T-Team da 26 July 2017 akan Perak . Ghaddar ya kammala wasansa da kwallaye 5 a wasanni 10 daya bugawa Johor Darul Ta'zim. On November 2017, Melaka United has showed their interest in getting Ghaddar for a season-long move. On 22 November 2017, Ghaddar has rejected Melaka United offered. He has been released from the club after the 2017 season ends. === Komawa zuwa Kelantan === A ranar (12) ga watan Fabrairun shekarar (2018) , Ghaddar ya sake komawa Kelantan a karo na hudu kafin a rufe kasuwar musayar 'yan wasa a ranar (11) ga Fabrairu yayin da ya maye gurbin Morgaro Gomis wanda rahotanni ke cewa ya ji rauni. Ghaddar ya fara wasan farko ne a Kelantan a wasan da suka doke Perak da ci( 3-2) a ranar (24) ga watan Fabrairu shekarar (2018) a filin wasa na Sultan Muhammad IV . Bayan fama da raunin ACL da asarar sifa, kwantiraginsa ya ƙare da yardar juna a watan Mayu na shekarar. === Johor Darul Ta'zim II === Ghaddar ya fara buga wa kungiyar Johor Darul Ta'zim II ta Premier League ne, kungiyar da ke kula da Johor Darul Ta'zim, a wasan da suka tashi (2-1) a kan Sabah a ranar( 2) ga watan Fabrairun shekarar (2019), inda ya ci kan da kai don daidaita wasan. Ghaddar ya ci kwallaye bakwai a wasannin lig (15) . <ref name="int.statistics">{{NFT player|access-date=27 July 2016}}</ref> === Komawa Nejmeh === A ranar( 7) ga watan Satumba shekarar (2020) , Ghaddar ya koma Nejmeh. == Ayyukan duniya == Ghaddar ya buga wa kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Labanon ta 'yan kasa da shekaru (20) tare da takwaransa na kasar Ali El Atat da Ramez Dayoub . A lokacin cancantar shiga gasar wasannin Olympics ta lokacin bazara ta shekara ta (2004) , Ghaddar ya kasance daga kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru (23) ta Lebanon wacce ta tsallake zuwa zagayen karshe na wasannin neman cancantar Asiya. Ghaddar ya fara buga wa kungiyar kasar sa wasa a shekarar 22006) Shima babban kocin Lebanon, Theo Bucker ya gayyace shi domin cin Kofin Kasashen Larabawa na (22012). Ya nuna kyakkyawan aiki a cikin cancantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2(2014)F IFA tare da taimakon Lebanon kyakkyawar dawowa.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2018}} A ranar( 8) ga watan Satumbar shekarar (2014) ya zira kwallaye na tarihi a kan tawagar Olympic ta Brazil a wasan da suka tashi( 2-2) . [[Fayil:Mohammed Ghaddar Kelantan, 2012.jpg|thumb|Mohamad Ghaddar]] A ranar (12) ga watan Yuni shekarar( 2017) , Ghaddar ya ƙi kiranye zuwa ga ƙungiyar ƙasa don wasa da Malaysia, inda yake buga ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙungiyar sa. Tun daga lokacin bai sake zuwa kungiyar ba. == Statisticsididdigar aiki == === Kulab === {{Updated|2 May 2018}}<ref name="statistics">{{cite web|title=Lebanon - Mohamad Ghaddar - Profile with news, career statistics|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/mohamad-mahmoud-ghaddar/70281/|language=en}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |Kelantan |2012 |Malaysia Super League |22 |9 |5 |2 |9 |2 |9 |8 |45 |21 |- |2013 |Malaysia Super League |10 |4 |5 |2 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |15 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !32 !13 !10 !4 !9 !2 !9 !8 !60 !27 |- |Felda United |2013 |Malaysia Super League |7 |3 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |7 |3 |- |Kelantan |2014 |Malaysia Super League |14 |4 |5 |1 |7 |0 | colspan="2" |– |26 |5 |- |Al-Faisaly |2014–15 |Jordan Premier League |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |Naft Al-Wasat |2015–16 |Iraqi Premier League |12 |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |12 |5 |- |Al-Faisaly |2016–17 |Jordan Premier League |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |- |Kelantan |2017 |Malaysia Super League |11 |18 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |12 |18 |- |Johor Darul Ta'zim |2017 |Malaysia Super League |10 |5 |0 |0 |6 |6 |0 |0 |16 |11 |- |Kelantan |2018 |Malaysia Super League |5 |1 |2 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |7 |2 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !92 !50 !18 !6 !22 !8 !16 !8 !141 !72 |} === Na duniya === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Bayyanar da kwallaye ta ƙungiyar ƙasa da shekara ! Teamungiyar ƙasa ! Shekara ! Ayyuka ! Goals |- | rowspan="11" | Labanon <ref name="int.statistics">{{NFT player|access-date=27 July 2016}}</ref> | 2006 | 4 | 3 |- | 2007 | 3 | 4 |- | 2008 | 10 | 4 |- | 2009 | 5 | 0 |- | 2011 | 4 | 2 |- | 2012 | 2 | 1 |- | 2013 | 6 | 1 |- | 2014 | 3 | 1 |- | 2015 | 6 | 2 |- | 2016 | 0 | 0 |- | 2017 | 1 | 1 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimla ! 44 ! 19 |} : ''Scores and results list Lebanon's goal tally first.'' {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="font-size:93%;" !Goal !Date !Venue !Opponent !Score !Result !Competition |- !1 |27 January 2006 |Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium, [[Riyadh]], Saudi Arabia |{{fb|KSA}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |2–1 |Friendly |- !2 | rowspan="2" |24 December 2006 | rowspan="2" |Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium, [[Beirut]], Lebanon | rowspan="2" |{{fb|SOM}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |4–0 | rowspan="2" |2009 Arab Nations Cup qualification |- !3 | align="center" |'''2'''–0 |- !4 | rowspan="2" |8 October 2007 | rowspan="2" |Saida International Stadium, Sidon, Lebanon | rowspan="2" |{{fb|IND}} | align="center" |'''2'''–1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |4–1 | rowspan="2" |2010 FIFA World Cup qualification |- !5 | align="center" |'''4'''–1 |- !6 | rowspan="2" |30 October 2007 | rowspan="2" |Fatorda Stadium, Margao, India | rowspan="2" |{{fb|IND}} | align="center" |'''1'''–1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |2–2 | rowspan="2" |2010 FIFA World Cup qualification |- !7 | align="center" |'''2'''–1 |- !8 |2 January 2008 |Thamir Stadium, Salmiya, Kuwait |{{fb|KUW}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |2–3 |Friendly |- !9 |9 April 2008 |Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon |{{fb|MDV}} | align="center" |'''4'''–0 | align="center" |4–0 |2011 AFC Asian Cup qualification |- !10 |27 May 2008 |Thani bin Jassim Stadium, [[Doha]], Qatar |{{fb|QAT}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |1–2 |Friendly |- !11 |7 June 2008 |King Fahd International Stadium, [[Riyadh]], Saudi Arabia |{{fb|KSA}} | align="center" |'''1'''–2 | align="center" |1–2 |2010 FIFA World Cup qualification |- !12 |17 August 2011 |Saida International Stadium, Sidon, Lebanon |{{fb|SYR}} | align="center" |'''2'''–1 | align="center" |2–3 |Friendly |- !13 |6 September 2011 |Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon |{{fb|UAE}} | align="center" |'''1'''–1 | align="center" |3–1 |2014 FIFA World Cup qualification |- !14 |27 May 2012 |Sultan Qaboos Sports Complex, Muscat, Oman |{{fb|OMA}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |1–1 |Friendly |- !15 |15 October 2013 |Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon |{{fb|UAE}} | align="center" |'''1'''–1 | align="center" |1–1 |2015 AFC Asian Cup qualification |- !16 |5 March 2014 |Rajamangala Stadium, [[Bangkok]], Thailand |{{fb|THA}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |5–2 |2015 AFC Asian Cup qualification |- !17 |24 May 2015 |Saida International Stadium, Sidon, Lebanon |{{fb|SYR}} | align="center" |'''2'''–2 | align="center" |2–2 |Friendly |- !18 |16 June 2015 |New Laos National Stadium, Vientiane, Laos |{{fb|LAO}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |2–0 |2018 FIFA World Cup qualification |- !19 |28 March 2017 |Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon |{{fb|HKG}} | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |2–0 |2019 AFC Asian Cup qualification |} == Rigima == === Rikicin wasan League === A ranar( 12) ga watan Yuni a shekara ta (2012) , Mohd Amri Yahyah da Mohd Bunyamin Omar suka kaiwa Ghaddar hari a wasan Super League na Malaysia (MSL) a filin wasa na Sultan Muhammad IV da ke Kota Bharu. Yayin wasan, an bar Ghaddar cikin zafin rai bayan Mohd Amri Yahyah ya buga al'aurarsa mara daɗi. Ghaddar ya ɗauki minutesan mintuna kaɗan don murmurewa yayin da yake kwance a ƙasa. <ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BNdM_BYZl1I Amri Tumbuk Bare Ghaddar | Kelantan 1-0 Selangor] - [[YouTube]] - June 29, 2012</ref> Dangane da abin da ya faru, Selangor's Amri Yahyah da Bunyamin Omar an ba su dakatarwar na wasa uku da tarar RM (1,500) kowanne yayin da aka bai wa Ghaddar dakatar da wasa daya kuma ya ci shi RM(2,000) daga Kwamitin da'a na Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Malaysia (FAM). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://football.thestar.com.my/2012/08/07/amri-and-bunyamin-to-know-fate-for-assault-on-ghaddar/ |access-date=2021-06-18 |archive-date=2012-08-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120808000506/http://football.thestar.com.my/2012/08/07/amri-and-bunyamin-to-know-fate-for-assault-on-ghaddar/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Kelantan FA rigima === An kawo Ghaddar zuwa kwamitin ladabtarwa na Kelantan FA (KAFA) bayan da ya gaza gabatar da rahoto ga kungiyar a ranar( 5) ga watan Agusta, a shekara ta ( 2012) don kamfen din Kofin Malaysia na( 2012) wanda zai fara a ranar( 22) ga watan Agusta shekarar( 2012) . Ya dawo ne a ranar (16) ga watan Agusta shekarar( 2012) lokacin da ya koma kasarsa don yin aure bayan an gama gasar Super League ta Malaysia a ranar( 14) ga watan Yulin a shekara ta (2012) . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://livestreamingnews.net/ghaddar-wajib-beri-penjelasan/ |access-date=2021-06-18 |archive-date=2012-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120818010306/http://livestreamingnews.net/ghaddar-wajib-beri-penjelasan/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Daraja == Bangaren fasaha na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar [[Labanon]] ya karrama dan wasan gaba na kungiyar Nejmeh Ghaddar, saboda kasancewarsa wanda yafi kowa zira kwallaye a gasar cin kofin AFC na shekarar 2007. Kocin kungiyar kasa Emile Rustom ya gabatar wa Ghaddar takalmin zinare yayin bikin a otel din Meridien Commodore da ke [[Beirut]] . <ref>[http://www.naharnet.com/domino/tn/NewsDesk.nsf/story/EFC8FCC8B34BA1EFC22573E7003B02A0?OpenDocument Naharnet Newsdesk – Ghaddar Honored as Top Scorer of AFC Cup]</ref> A ranar( 28) ga watan Maris a shekara ta( 2021) , AFC ta zabi Ghaddar daga cikin fitattun ‘yan wasan gaba na cin Kofin AFC . '''Nejmeh''' * Gasar Premier ta Labanon :a shekara ta ( 2003 zuwa2004, 2004 zuwa2005) * Kofin Elite na Lebanon :a shekara ta ( 2002, zuwa2003, 2004zuwa2005) * Kofin Labanan na Lebanon :a shekara ta (2002zuwa 2004) * Dan wasan Labanon wanda ya zo na biyu a gasar cin kofin FA :a shekara ta (2020zuwa2021) '''Al Ahly''' * Gasar Firimiya ta Masar : a shekarar(2010zuwa2011) * Super League ta Malaysia : a shekarar (2012) * Kofin Malaysia :a shekarar ( 2012) * Kofin Malesiya na FA :na shekarar ( 2012 zuwa 2013) '''Johor Darul Ta'zim''' * Malaysia Super League:a shekara( 2017) * Malaysia Cup: a shekara ta (2017) '''Johor Darul Ta'zim II''' * Kofin Kalubale na Malaysia :a shekara ta (2019) '''Kowane mutum''' * Gasar AFC Cup mafi cin kwallaye:a shekara ta ( 2007) * Dan wasan da yafi zira kwallaye a gasar Firimiya Labanan :a shekara ta( 2006 - zuwa 2007, 2007 zuwa 2008) * Malesiya Super League da ta fi zira kwallaye a raga:a shekara ta ( 2017) == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na kasar Lebanon == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * Mohamad Ghaddar * [http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/leb-ghaddar-intlg.html Mohamad Ghaddar] a RSSSF * {{NFT player|13253}} * {{Soccerway|70281}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1984]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 5gqm4rqobvxtavz9jz8iqygfbcjqyla 0 21826 549846 510693 2024-12-01T21:35:51Z Ifteehern 31255 Nayi Gyara 549846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:The temple of pythons (47510346141).jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|The temple of pythons]] '''Haikalin mesaye''' ko '''Haikalin mesoshi:''' wani wuri ne na ''voodoo'' wanda yake a Ouidah (Benin), a wani wuri inda aka tabbatar da wanzuwar ƙungiyar Maciji (Dangbé) - wani nau'in voodoo - tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 17. Abubuwan alfarma masu ɗaukaka suna ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren jan hankalin masu yawon buɗe ido na gari.<ref>Vladimir Cayol, « Temple des pythons : haut lieu du vaudoun, cénacle de reptiles sauveurs », ''[[La Nouvelle Tribune (Bénin)|La Nouvelle Tribune]]'', 28 juillet 2015 </ref> == Wuri da hanya == [[File:Ouidah-Baobab_sur_la_place_Agoli.jpg|left|thumb| Baobab a dandalin Agoli.<br /><small>(haikalin yana hannun hagu, basilica a hannun dama).</small>]] Asali, farfajiyar haikalin ta fadada fiye da hekta da yawa, amma yankinta ya ragu sosai sakamakon matsin birni.<ref name="ZOU">Serge-David Zouémé, « Bénin: Ouidah, une ville historique sous la protection des pythons », Agence Anadolu, 14 janvier 2015 </ref> Wurin bautar yana yanzu a tsakiyar birni, a gundumar Dangbexu, a dandalin Agoli - wanda aka shimfida ta da duwatsu, amma inda tsohuwar bishiyar baobab ta,<ref name="OT">« Temple des Pythons Dangbèxwé et Place Agoli, Ouidah », Office de Tourisme </ref> a gaban Basilica na Immauke da Tsarkakewa, babban wurin bautar Katolika a garin. Da farko an tanada shi don farawa, haikalin ya sami canji na ɗan lokaci tsawon shekaru, ya zama cibiyar bautar da kuma babban jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido. An kiyasta adadin baƙi na shekara-shekara 1 100, musamman lokacin lokacin hutu, hutun bazara da hutu.<ref name="ZOU">Serge-David Zouémé, « Bénin: Ouidah, une ville historique sous la protection des pythons », Agence Anadolu, 14 janvier 2015 </ref> Ofar yanzu a buɗe take ga kowa, amma akwai caji. Ƙaramar gudummawa kuma yana ba baƙi damar ɗaukar hoto tare da abin ɗoki a wuyansu.<ref name="ML">[https://matinlibre.com/index.php/culture/item/226-le-temple-des-pythons-rampe-comme-un-serpent « Cité historique de Ouidah : Le temple de pythons rampe comme un serpent »] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107031318/http://matinlibre.com/index.php/culture/item/226-le-temple-des-pythons-rampe-comme-un-serpent |date=2016-11-07 }}, ''Matin Libre'', 8 septembre 2014</ref> An kiyasta yawan kuɗin shiga shekara-shekara a CFA miliyan 5 (ko kusan 9 000 USD). Karamar hukuma ta dauki 10 % na wannan jimlar don bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaban gida. == Tarihi == Lissafin matafiya na Turai sun tabbatar da kasancewar wani wuri da aka keɓe don bautar Maciji a Ouidah daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 17, amma da an sami matsuguni da yawa.<ref name="OT">« Temple des Pythons Dangbèxwé et Place Agoli, Ouidah », Office de Tourisme </ref> A shekarar 1698, Uba Labat, a juzu'i na 2 na jirgin nasa na ''Nouveau aux isles de'' d'Amérique, shine na farko<ref>{{en}} Joseph J. Williams, S.J., [http://www.sacred-texts.com/afr/vao/vao04.htm « Chapter II. Serpent Cult at Whydah »], ''Voodoos and Obeahs. Phases of West India Witchcraft'', 1932</ref> ya ba da rahoton asusun mai bayar da shaida - Uba Braguez - na tuntuɓar Macijin da sarki da kansa. :{{Cquote|Le peuple à genoux, et en silence, était fort éloigné de là : le roi seul avec le prêtre du pays entrèrent dans l'enceinte où après beaucoup de prosternations, de prières et de cérémonies, le prêtre s'approcha d'un trou où l'on supposait qu'il y avait un serpent. Il lui parla de la part du roi et lui fit les questions accoutumées [...]. À mesure que le serpent répondait à une demande, le prêtre portait la réponse au roi, qui était un peu éloigné du trou, à genoux, et en posture de suppliant. Ce manège s'étant fait plusieurs fois, on publia enfin, que l'année suivante serait heureuse, qu'il y avait beaucoup de traite et qu'on prendrait bien des esclaves. Le peuple en témoigna sa joie par de grands cris, des danses et des festins<ref name="LA">'' Nouveau voyage aux isles de l'Amérique'', tome 2, éd. P. Husson, La Haye, 1724, {{p.|41-42}} {{Gallica}} [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5545539f/f57.image]</ref>.}} [[File:Couronnement_du_roi_de_Juida-Jacob_van_der_Schley_mg_8490.jpg|left|thumb| ''Nadin sarautar Sarkin Yahuza a kan kuɗin Guinea'' .]] Lokacin da Uba Braguez ya yi wa firist tambayoyi daga baya, ya bayyana masa cewa "bautar da suka yi wa macijin ya kasance kawai dangi ne ga Maɗaukakin Sarki, wanda su ne halittunsa" da cewa Mahalicci, yana san wofin mutum., bai ga wata hanya mafi tasiri da za ta wulakanta shi ba "kamar sanya shi ya yi rarrafe a gaban maciji, wanda shi ne mafi ƙasƙanci da mugunta cikin dukan dabbobi." A wani aiki na gaba, ''Tafiyar Chevalier Des Marchais a Guinea, tsibirai makwabta, da Cayénne,''<ref>''Voyage du chevalier Des Marchais en Guinée, isles voisines, et a Cayénne : fait en 1725, 1726 et 1727'', tome 2, Saugrain l'aîné, Paris, 1730, {{p.|55-70}}, {{lire en ligne|lien=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k86099z}}</ref> Father Labat ya bayyana jerin gwano daban-daban da aka yi a gidan babban Macijin da aka bayyana da " babban allahn kasar ". A lokacin nadin sarautar sarkin Ouidah, bayan an shafe makonni biyu ana biki, manyan mutane da jama'a sun tafi da murna sosai zuwa " haikalin babban maciji Don yin buƙatu da godiya. Wani zane-zane yana nuna rawanin watan Afrilu 1723<ref>''Voyage du chevalier Des Marchais'', ''op. cit.'', {{p.|79}}</ref> : zamu iya ganin a tsakiyar bukkar macijin da macijin da kansa ke rugawa can.<ref>Marie-José Tubiana, « Royauté et reconnaissance du chef par le serpent », in ''Systèmes de pensée en Afrique noire'', {{numéro|10}}, 1990, {{p.|189-205}}, {{lire en ligne|lien=https://span.revues.org/965?lang=en}}</ref> [[File:Bosman03.jpg|thumb| Tafiyar Guillaume Bosman ''zuwa Guinea.'']] A shekarar 1700, dan kasar Holland din Guillaume Bosman, a cikin ''Voyage de Guinée'', ya ba da rahoton cewa a Fida (Ouidah) an san manyan gumaka guda uku, mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu macizai ne.<ref>''Voyage de Guinée : contenant une description nouvelle et très-exacte de cette côte où l'on trouve et où l'on trafique l'or, les dents d'elephant et les esclaves'' (traduction en français), A. Schouten, Utrecht, 1705, {{p.|394}}, {{Gallica}}</ref> A cikin 1873, a cikin ''Le Dahomé : tunanin tafiya da manufa'', Uba Laffitte ya bayyana haikalin ta wannan hanyar :{{Cquote|Whydah ne possède qu'un seul monument [...] et s'il attire l'attention, c'est plus par les hôtes qu'il renferme que par son architecture. Ce bâtiment, de forme circulaire, haut de dix pieds, bâti en terre et couvert d'herbes desséchées, est le temple d'une fraction de divinités dahoméennes. Une vingtaine de superbes couleuvres y sont adorées<ref>''Le Dahomé : souvenirs de voyage et de mission'', A. Mame et fils, Tours, 1873, {{p.|56}} {{Gallica}} [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6209298w]</ref>...}}Wani littafin da aka buga a 1991 ya tabbatar da cewa "bayyanar haikalin da alama bai zama wani abin birgewa ba a kowane lokaci. ". Lura daga nan yanayinta ya lalace, ya kammala da cewa akwai bukatar haɓakawa saboda girmansa na alama, amma ya hana yiwuwar sake ginawa, saboda ba mu da wani bayani game da yanayin da ya gabata. Maimakon haka, yana bayar da shawarar aiwatar da ilimi da yawon bude ido. A shekarar 1992, Ouidah ta karbi bakuncin bikin duniya na farko wanda ya shafi fasaha da al'adun voodoo, ''Ouidah 92''.<ref>Jean-Norbert Vignondé, « Ouidah, port négrier et cité du repentir », in ''[[Cahiers d'histoire. Revue d'histoire critique]]'', {{numéro|89}}, 2002, {{p.|69}}</ref> A wannan lokacin, Asusun Taimako na Al'adu (FAC) ya dawo da gine-ginen haikalin tare da halartar iyalai waɗanda ke kula da kadarorin.<ref name="OT">« Temple des Pythons Dangbèxwé et Place Agoli, Ouidah », Office de Tourisme </ref> Don haka an sanya rufin Pythons Convent da tiles kuma an ƙarfafa bangon ciki da grids.<ref name="ZOU">Serge-David Zouémé, « Bénin: Ouidah, une ville historique sous la protection des pythons », Agence Anadolu, 14 janvier 2015 </ref> Koyaya, kula da haikalin dole ne ya fuskanci matsaloli da yawa, gami da jayayya ta dogon lokaci tsakanin dangin da abin ya shafa, har ya kai ga magajin garin ya rufe wurin na ɗan lokaci a cikin 2014.<ref name="ML"/> == Bayani == Gidan yanar gizon yanzu yana da kwasa-kwasan guda biyu. Na farko yana dauke da gini a cikin surar katako, kusan 12,<ref>[https://www.24haubenin.info/?A-la-decouverte-du-temple-mythique-des-serpents À la découverte du temple mythique des serpents], ''24haubenin.info''</ref> yana fakewa da alloli masu rai. ; gini a cikin siffar bukkar zagaye, a ƙofar, an lulluɓe da itch - asalin abin - ; wani ginin ƙasa wanda aka lulluɓe da zanen ƙarfe wanda yake ɗauke da allahntakar kariya, da kuma ƙananan bukkoki biyu.A cikin wannan farfajiyar kuma akwai ''zingbin'', wata babbar fararriyar canary mai tsarki, sama da shekaru 200. Yana cikin zuciyar bikin da ake yi a can kowane shekara bakwai. Daga nan aka girka shi a gaban haikalin kuma masu martaba suna sanya ganye masu tsarki a wurin. A da, an naɗa yara budurwa 41 don ɗiban ruwa mai tsarki. Tare da juyin halittar mores, a yau an zaɓi mata 41 waɗanda basu gama aure ba. Ana nika ganyen cikin ruwa mai tsarki. Za'a iya wanke wani ɓangare na cakuda don dalilai na warkarwa, sauran sun zube.<ref name="TE">Teddy Gandigbe, « Au cœur du temple de Python à Ouidah : Un patrimoine à viabiliser », ''Matin Libre'', 21 décembre 2016 </ref> Farfajiyar ta biyu an kewaye ta da shingen suminti mai ruwan hoda. Akwai [[Loko|iroko na alfarma]] wanda aka ce yana da shekaru 600. Ana iya gane shi ta farin lilin, yana kiyaye ruhohin magabata. Kowace safiya shugaban haikalin yakan zo gabansa don ya roƙe su kuma ya nemi jinƙansu da taimakon kayan shaye-shaye.<ref name="TE">Teddy Gandigbe, « Au cœur du temple de Python à Ouidah : Un patrimoine à viabiliser », ''Matin Libre'', 21 décembre 2016 </ref> Tun 1992, da Janairu 10 na kowace shekara, yawan jama'a, firistoci, matan firistoci da mabiya, da kuma yawon buɗe ido suna zuwa can don manyan bukukuwa. Firist ɗin da ke jagorantar haikalin sai ya yanka ɗan akuya ya zubar da jininsa, a matsayin hadaya, a kan farin zane wanda ke kewaye da iroko.<ref name="ZOU">Serge-David Zouémé, « Bénin: Ouidah, une ville historique sous la protection des pythons », Agence Anadolu, 14 janvier 2015 </ref><gallery mode="packed"> Ouidah-Temple abritant les pythons.jpg|Tsari don pythons. Ouidah-Bâtiment abritant une divinité.jpg|Tsugunnin allahntakar. Ouidah-Temple des Pythons-Jarre sacrée.jpg|[[Canari (récipient)|Tsarkakakken kanari.]] Ouidah-Temple des Pythons-Autel sacrificiel (2).jpg|Bagadi na hadaya Temple des Pythons-Iroko (3).jpg|[[Iroko]] mai tsarki. </gallery> [[File:Le_temple_des_pythons_Ouidah.jpg|left|thumb| Gyara gidan ibada na tsafi.]] [[File:Case_rituel_pour_les_sacrifices_aux_pythons_et_leur_divinité_au_temple_des_pythons_Ouidah.jpg|left|thumb| Halin al'ada.]] [[File:Dagbe_Kpohoun_(python_mâle)_au_temple_des_pythons_Ouidah.jpg|left|thumb| Dagbe (pythons), akan shiga.]] [[File:La_clôture_du_Temple_des_Pythons.jpg|right|thumb| Katanga na Haikalin Pythons.]] [[File:Devanture_du_Temple_des_Pythons_à_Ouidah.jpg|center|thumb| Gaban Haikalin Pythons a Ouidah.]] [[File:La_case_arrière_du_Temple_des_Pythons.jpg|none|thumb| Fayil: Filin baya na Haikalin Pythons.]] == Macizai == Haikali ya tsugunar da gomomin da yawa - har ma da ɗari<ref name="ZOU">Serge-David Zouémé, « Bénin: Ouidah, une ville historique sous la protection des pythons », Agence Anadolu, 14 janvier 2015 </ref> - na waƙoƙin masarauta (''Python regius'') waɗanda ba sa kawo haɗari ga mutane. Mace (''dangbé drè'') ta fi ta namiji girma (''dangbé kpohoun''). Tsawon su bai wuce 1,50 mètre.<ref>{{Cite web |title=''Python regius'', Reptimagine & Cie |url=http://reptimagine-cie.fr/fiches/reptiles/fiche_python_regius.php |access-date=2021-06-25 |archive-date=2017-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170613173351/http://reptimagine-cie.fr/fiches/reptiles/fiche_python_regius.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ba a ciyar da macizan, amma ana barin su sau ɗaya a mako. Suna kame kwari da beraye, wani lokacin sukan je gidajen makwabta da suka saba da su. Idan tsafin bai dawo ba bayan awanni 72, yawan jama'a zai dawo da shi, saboda duk mazaunan Ouidah sun damu da allahntakar su. Tsawon rayuwar macijin ya kai shekaru 10, 20, har ma da shekaru 50.<ref name="ZOU">Serge-David Zouémé, « Bénin: Ouidah, une ville historique sous la protection des pythons », Agence Anadolu, 14 janvier 2015 </ref> Mabiya addinin tsafi na Python suna sanya tabo da ake kira "2 x 5", wato a ce raunuka 2 masu kamanceceniya a wurare daban-daban 5 na fuska.<ref>François de Medeiros (dir.), ''Peuples du Golfe du Bénin : Aja-Ewé'', Karthala, Centre de recherches africaines, Paris, 1984, {{p.|258}} {{ISBN|2-86537-092-5}}</ref> [[File:Python_royal.jpg|thumb| Python.]] Python alama ce ta gari : kyaututtukan da bikin baje kolin Fina-Finan Duniya na Ouidah ke ɗauke da sunan "Python", mafi girman fifiko shi ne "Royal Python".<ref>{{Official website|http://www.festival-ouidah.org/}}</ref> A hatimi, ''Sorcier à Ouidah,'' da nuna wani mutum ɗauke da Python, aka sa a cikin wurare dabam dabam a shekarar 1963, sa'an nan kuma a shekara ta 2009 tare da wani overprint, "Jamhuriyar Benin" maye gurbin "Jamhuriyar Dahomey".<ref>Catalogue [[Yvert et Tellier]], éd. 2013, {{Numéro|1069}}, avant surcharge : Dahomey 187</ref> == Bayanan kula da manazarta == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> === Bibliography === * Casimir Agbo ya ce ''tarihin'' Alidji ''Ouidah daga e zuwa na ashirin e'' Presses de la Maison Aubanel Père, Avignon, 1959, 307 p. * Dominique Juhé-Beaulaton, "Tsarin sake sabunta wurare masu tsarki a Kudancin Benin", a cikin Maria Gravari-Barbas da Philippe Violier (dir.), ''Wuraren al'adu, al'adun wurare. Kirkirar al'adu na cikin gida da fitowar wurare : masu kuzari, 'yan wasa, lamura'', Jaridar Jami'ar Rennes, 2003 , [ karanta kan layi ] * Paul Lando, ''Yankunan yankunan voodoo na birni.'' ''Shari'ar Ouidah a Jamhuriyar Benin'', L'Harmattan, 2016, 286 p. <small style="line-height:1em;">( ISBN&nbsp;<nowiki><span class="nowrap">9782140024177</span></nowiki> )</small> * Christian Merlo da Pierre Vidaud, ''Dangbé, du python sacré Dahoméen au Mythe Universitaire du Serpent'', 1974, 600 p., Typ., Review by Maurice Houis, ''Journal de la Société des africanistes'', 1975, vol. 45, no 1, p. 232-233, [ karanta kan layi ] * Alain Sinou (dir.), ''Ouidah da kayayyakin tarihinta'', ORSTOM, SERHAU, Paris, Cotonou, 1991, 412 p. [ karanta a layi ] * ASC Toudonou, GA Mensah da B. Sinsin, “Macizai a cikin al'adun gargajiya a cikin Benin », In ''Bulletin of agronomic research of Benin'', no 44 ,juin 2004, zazzagewa [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263055192_Les_serpents_dans_l'univers_culturel_au_Benin] === Hanyoyin haɗin waje === * [https://www.24haubenin.info/?A-la-decouverte-du-temple-mythique-des-serpents Gano gidan] ''almara'' na macizai, 24haubenin.info * (en) Joseph J. Williams, SJ, [http://www.sacred-texts.com/afr/vao/vao04.htm “Babi na II. Cungiyar Maciji a Whydah ”], ''Voodoos da Obeahs. Matakan Yammacin Indiya na Maita'', 1932 * (en) [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dv6EmX7dYLg Haikalin Python, Ouidah, Jamhuriyar Benin], ''Wintv 247'', bidiyon da aka loda a ciki31 janvier 2013, 21:17 0wcbxsvzm9amxpu51yjwuz2mrpw7vqf 0 21867 549440 520185 2024-12-01T13:12:09Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Niagara watervallen canada.jpg|thumb|Niagara Falls]] {{hujja}} [[File:Ecowas Secretariat (56815788).jpeg|thumb|sakatariyar ecowas]] '''Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma,''' (Da Turanci '''ECOWAS''', da [[Faransanci]] '''CEDEAO'''), wanda aka fi sani da (CEDEAO a Faransanci), ƙungiyar siyasa da tattalin arziƙin yanki ce ta ƙasashe goma sha biyar da ke Yammacin Afirka. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan ƙasashe sun ƙunshi yanki na 5,114,162 km2 (1,974,589 sq mi), kuma a cikin 2015 suna da kimanin mutane sama da miliyan, 349. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1975, tare da sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ta Legas, tare da ayyukanta da aka bayyana don inganta haɗin tattalin arziƙi a duk yankin. An amince da sake fasalin yarjejeniyar da sanya hannu a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993 a Cotonou. Wanda aka yi la'akari da daya daga cikin ginshikan yanki na ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi Afirka baki daya (AEC), babban burin kungiyar ECOWAS shine a cimma "wadatar wadatar zuci" ga mambobinta ta hanyar kirkirar babbar kungiyar kasuwanci ta hanyar gina cikakken tattalin arziƙi da Ƙungiyar kwadago. ECOWAS din ma tana aiki a matsayin rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya a yankinta, inda a wasu lokuta kasashe mambobin kungiyar ke tura dakaru na hadin gwiwa domin shiga tsakanin mambobin ƙungiyar a wasu lokuta na rashin zaman lafiyar siyasa da tashe tashen hankali. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoma baki a cikin Ivory Coast a 2003, Laberiya a 2003, Guinea-Bissau a 2012, Mali a 2013, da Gambiya a 2017. ECOWAS ta haɗa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu: Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (wanda kuma aka sani da sunan Faransanci UEMOA) ƙungiya ce ta takwas, galibi masu jin Faransanci, jihohi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke raba ƙungiyar kwastam da ƙungiyar hada hadar kuɗi [faɗar da ake bukata]. An kafa shi a cikin 1994 kuma an yi niyya ne don daidaita ikon tattalin arziƙi masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ƙungiyar (kamar Nijeriya da Ghana), mambobin UEMOA galibi tsoffin yankuna ne na Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa. Kudin da duk suke amfani da shi shine CFA franc, wanda ke manne da euro. Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ), wanda aka kafa a 2000, ya ƙunshi ƙasashe shida mafi yawan masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin yin aiki don karɓar kuɗinsu na bai ɗaya, eco. Bugu da kari, ECOWAS ta hada da cibiyoyi masu zuwa: Hukumar ECOWAS, Kotun Al’umma ta Shari’a, [8] Majalisar Dokokin Al’umma, Bankin ECOWAS na Zuba Jari da Ci Gaban (EBID), [9] Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Afirka ta Yamma (WAHO), da kuma Rukunin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke yaki da safarar kudade da kuma bayar da Ta'addanci a Afirka ta Yamma (GIABA). ECOWAS tana aiki cikin yarukan haɗin gwiwa guda uku-Faransanci, Ingilishi, da Fotigal, kuma ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyu don aiwatar da manufofi: Hukumar ECOWAS da Bankin ECOWAS na saka hannun jari da ci gaba (EBID), wanda a da ake kira Asusun Hadin Kai har sai ta an sake masa suna a 2001. A 1976, Cape Verde ta shiga cikin ECOWAS, yayin da Mauritania ta janye a Disambar 2000, bayan da ta bayyana aniyarta na yin hakan a watan Disambar 1999. A cikin 2011, ECOWAS ta zartar da tsarin ci gabanta na shekaru goma masu zuwa, Ganin 2020, kuma, tare da ita, Manufofin Kimiyya da Fasaha (ECOPOST). Ƙasashen Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso sun sanar da ficewa daga ƙungiyar a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun 2024, lamarin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba tun bayan kafa kungiyar ECOWAS, inda suka yi zargin rashin taimakon kungiyar musamman ta fuskar ta’addanci da kuma zarginta da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS. tasirin ikon kasashen waje. {| class="wikitable" | == Contents == ·         1Member states ·         2Structure o    2.1Executive Secretaries and Presidents of the Commissions o    2.2Chairpersons o    2.3Regional security co-operation o    2.4Community Parliament o    2.5Expanded ECOWAS Commission o    2.6Community Court of Justice o    2.7Sporting and cultural exchange ·         3Economic integration o    3.1West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) §  3.1.1Membership o    3.2West African Monetary Zone §  3.2.1Membership ·         4Transport ·         5Tourism ·         6See also ·         7References ·         8External links |} '''Kasashen mambobi''' Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2017, ECOWAS tana da membobin kasashe 15; takwas daga cikinsu masu jin Faransanci ne, biyar kuma masu magana da Ingilishi ne, biyu kuma masu magana da yaren Fotigal. Duk mambobi na yanzu sun shiga cikin al'umma a matsayin membobin kafa a cikin Mayu 1975, banda Cape Verde wacce ta shiga cikin 1977. Tsohon memba na ECOWAS kawai shine mai magana da larabci Mauritania, wanda kuma yana daya daga cikin membobin da suka kafa kungiyar a shekarar 1975 kuma ta yanke shawarar ficewa a watan Disambar 2000. Kwanan nan Mauritania ta rattaba hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar zama memba a watan Agusta na 2017. A hukumance an nemi Morocco ta shiga ECOWAS a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017. An amince da aikace-aikacen ne bisa ka'ida a taron shugabannin kasashe a watan Yunin 2017, amma yunkurin Morocco na zama memba ya ci tura. Statididdiga don yawan jama'a, GDP maras ƙarfi da ikon GDP na ikon siye da aka jera a ƙasa an ɗauke su daga ƙididdigar Bankin Duniya na 2015, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba na 2016. An ciro bayanan yanki daga rahoton 2012 wanda sashin kididdiga na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tattara. '''ECOWAS Shiyyar Kasashe membobin kungiyar''' {| class="wikitable" |ECOWAS Zone A member statesCountryArea (km<sup>2</sup>)Population (thousands)GDP (nominal) (millions USD)GDP (PPP) (millions intl.$)CurrencyOfficial language Cabo Verde4,0335211,6033,413escudoPortuguese Gambia11,2951,9919393,344dalasiEnglish Guinea245,85712,6096,69915,244francFrench Guinea-Bissau36,1251,8441,0572,685CFA francPortuguese Liberia111,3694,5032,0533,762dollarEnglish Mali1,240,19217,60012,74735,695CFA francFrench Senegal196,71215,12913,61036,625CFA francFrench Sierra Leone72,3006,4534,21510,127leoneEnglishECOWAS Zone A total'''1,917,88360,55042,923110,895'''—— |} '''Asashe membobin ECOWAS Zone B''' {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |'''Country''' |'''Area''' '''(km<sup>2</sup>)''' |'''Population''' '''(thousands)''' |'''GDP (nominal)''' '''(millions USD)''' |'''GDP (PPP)''' '''(millions intl.$)''' |'''Currency''' |'''Official''' '''language''' |- |Benin |114,763 |10,880 |8,291 |22,377 |CFA franc |French |- |Burkina Faso |272,967 |18,106 |10,678 |30,708 |CFA franc |French |- |Ghana |238,533 |27,410 |37,543 |115,409 |cedi |English |- |Côte d'Ivoire |322,463 |22,702 |31,759 |79,766 |CFA franc |French |- |Niger |1,267,000 |19,899 |7,143 |19,013 |CFA franc |French |- |Nigeria |923,768 |182,202 |481,066 |1,093,921 |Naira |English |- |Togo |56,785 |7,305 |4,088 |10,667 |CFA franc |French |- |ECOWAS Zone B total |'''3,196,279''' |'''277,502''' |'''580,568''' |'''1,371,861''' |— |— |} |} '''Sakatarorin Zartarwa da Shugabannin kwamitocin''' {| class="wikitable sortable" !Executive Secretary !Country !In office |- |Inaugural holder Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara |Ivory Coast |January 1977 – 1985 |- |Momodu Munu |Sierra Leone |1985–1989 |- |Abass Bundu |Sierra Leone |1989–1993 |- |Édouard Benjamin |Guinea |1993–1997 |- |Lansana Kouyaté |Guinea |September 1997 – 31 January 2002 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 February 2002 – 31 December 2007 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 January 2007 – 18 February 2010 |- |James Victor Gbeho |Ghana |18 February 2010 – 1 March 2012 |- |Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo |Burkina Faso |1 March 2012 – 4 June 2016 |- |Marcel Alain de Souza |Benin |4 June 2016 – 1 March 2018 |- |Jean-Claude Brou |Ivory Coast |1 March 2018 – present |} '''Shugabanni''' {| class="wikitable" !hairperson !Country !In office |- |Yakubu Gowon |Nigeria |28 May 1975 – 29 July 1975 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |29 July 1975 – 13 September 1977 |- |Olusegun Obasanjo |Nigeria |13 September 1977 – 30 September 1979 |- |Léopold Sédar Senghor |Senegal |30 September 1979 – 31 December 1980 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1980–1981 |- |Siaka Stevens |Sierra Leone |1981–1982 |- |Mathieu Kérékou |Benin |1982–1983 |- |Ahmed Sékou Touré |Guinea |1983–1984 |- |Lansana Conté |Guinea |1984–1985 |- |Muhammadu Buhari |Nigeria |1985 – 27 August 1985 |- |Ibrahim Babangida |Nigeria |27 August 1985 – 1989 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1989–1990 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |1990–1991 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1991–1992 |- |Abdou Diouf |Senegal |1992–1993 |- |Nicéphore Soglo |Benin |1993–1994 |- |Jerry Rawlings |Ghana |1994 – 27 July 1996 |- |Sani Abacha |Nigeria |27 July 1996 – 8 June 1998 |- |Abdulsalami Abubakar |Nigeria |9 June 1998 – 1999 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1999 – 1999 |- |Alpha Oumar Konaré |Mali |1999 – 21 December 2001 |- |Abdoulaye Wade |Senegal |21 December 2001 – 31 January 2003 |- |John Kufuor |Ghana |31 January 2003 – 19 January 2005 |- |Mamadou Tandja |Niger |19 January 2005 – 19 January 2007 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |19 January 2007 – 19 December 2008 |- |Umaru Musa Yar'Adua |Nigeria |19 December 2008 – 18 February 2010 |- |Goodluck Jonathan |Nigeria |18 February 2010 – 17 February 2012 |- |Alassane Ouattara |Ivory Coast |17 February 2012 – 17 February 2013 |- |John Mahama |Ghana |17 February 2013 – 19 May 2015 |- |Macky Sall |Senegal |19 May 2015 – 4 June 2016 |- |Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |Liberia |4 June 2016 – 4 June 2017 |} '''Hadin gwiwar tsaro na yanki''' Duba kuma: Communityungiyar Kula da Economicungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka ECasashen ECOWAS sun ba da wata yarjejeniya ba ta zalunci ba a 1990 tare da yarjejeniyoyi biyu da aka yi a baya a 1978 da 1981. Sun kuma sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar kan Taimaka wa Kare Tsaron Juna a Freetown, Saliyo, a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1981, wanda ya tanadi kafa anungiyar Sojojin Kawance Ofarfin Al'umma. '''Majalisar Al'umma''' Majalisar Al'umma ta kunshi membobi 115, wadanda aka rarraba dangane da yawan kowace jiha. Wannan kwamitin yana karkashin Shugaban Majalisar ne, wanda ke sama da Sakatare Janar. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Country !Parliament Seats |- |Benin |5 |- |Burkina Faso |6 |- |Cape Verde |5 |- |Ivory Coast |7 |- |Gambia |5 |- |Ghana |8 |- |Guinea |6 |- |Guinea-Bissau |5 |- |Liberia |5 |- |Mali |6 |- |Niger |6 |- |Nigeria |35 |- |Senegal |6 |- |Sierra Leone |5 |- |Togo |5 |} '''An faɗaɗa Hukumar ECOWAS''' Karo na uku 3 tun bayan kafuwar ta a shekarar 1975, kungiyar ECOWAS na cikin sauye-sauyen hukumomi. Na farko shi ne lokacin da ta sake yarjejeniyarta a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993; na biyu shi ne a 2007 lokacin da Sakatariyar ta rikide zuwa Hukumar. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2013, yanzu ECOWAS tana da sabbin sassa guda shida (Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a; Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu; Makamashi da Ma'adanai; Sadarwa da IT; Ci gaban Masana'antu da Kamfanoni Masu Zaman Kansu. Kwamishinan Ghana sabon kundin tsarin mulki da Taro) '''Kotun Al'umma ta Shari'a Babban labarin''': Kotun ECOWAS Kotun Al’umma ta ECOWAS an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a 1991 sannan daga baya aka sanya ta a cikin Mataki na 6 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara na Communityungiyar a 1993. Koyaya, Kotun ba ta fara aiki a hukumance ba har sai yarjejeniyar 1991 ta fara aiki a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1996. An bayyana ikon kotun a cikin Mataki na 9 da Mataki na 76 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara kuma tana ba da damar yanke hukunci a kan rikice-rikice tsakanin jihohi game da fassarar Revised Yarjejeniya. Hakanan tana ba Majalisar ECOWAS shawarwari na nasiha game da lamuran doka (Mataki na 10). Kamar kotunan abokanta, Kotun Turai na 'Yancin Dan-Adam da Kotun Afirka ta Gabas ta Afirka, tana da ikon yanke hukunci kan muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi take hakkin dan adam. '''Wasanni da musayar al'adu''' ECasashen ECOWAS suna shirya abubuwa da yawa na al'adu da wasanni a ƙarƙashin kulawar jiki, ciki har da Kofin CEDEAO a ƙwallon ƙafa, Wasannin ECOWAS na 2012 da kuma Miss CEDEAO kyakkyawar sarauta. '''Hadin kan tattalin arziki''' Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi da Kuɗi ta Afirka ta Yamma (UEMOA) Duba kuma: CFA franc da Tattalin Arziƙi da ƙungiyar kuɗi UEMOA WAMZ ECOWAS kawai (Cape Verde) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAEMU, wanda aka fi sani da UEMOA daga sunanta a Faransanci, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) ƙungiya ce ta mutane takwas, galibi ƙasashen yammacin Afirka masu amfani da harshen Faransanci a cikin ECOWAS, waɗanda aka mamaye ba haka ba. ta manyan masu nauyi kamar Najeriya da Ghana. An kafa ta ne don inganta haɗin tattalin arziki tsakanin ƙasashen da ke raba CFA franc a matsayin kuɗaɗen waje. UEMOA an kirkireshi ne ta wata yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a Dakar, Senegal, a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1994, daga shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocin Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, da Togo. A ranar 2 ga Mayu 1997, Guinea-Bissau, tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Fotigal, ta zama memba na takwas (kuma kawai ba mara amfani da yaren Faransanci) UEMOA ƙungiya ce ta kwastan da haɗin kuɗin tsakanin mambobin ECOWAS. Manufofin ta sun hada da: Gasar tattalin arziki mafi girma, ta hanyar buɗe kasuwanni, ban da fa'ida da daidaita yanayin shari'a Haɗin manufofin tattalin arziƙi da alamomi Kirkirar kasuwa daya Daidaita manufofin bangarori Daidaita manufofin kasafin kudi Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu, UEMOA ta sami nasarar aiwatar da ƙa'idodin haɗakar tattalin arziki da ingantacciyar hanyar sa ido. Ta karɓi ƙungiyar kwastan da jadawalin kuɗin fito na waje kuma ta haɗu da ƙa'idodin haraji kai tsaye, ban da ƙaddamar da manufofin yanki da ɓangarori. Wani bincike na IMF a watan Satumbar 2002 ya ambaci UEMOA a matsayin "mafi nisa a kan hanyar hadewa" na dukkan kungiyoyin yankin a Afirka. ECOWAS da UEMOA sun samar da tsari na bai daya game da sassaucin kasuwanci da hada-hadar manufofin tattalin arziki. Kungiyoyin sun kuma amince da ka'idoji iri daya na asali don bunkasa kasuwanci, sannan ECOWAS ta amince da daukar UEMOA tsarin kwastam da hanyoyin biyan diyya. '''Membobinsu''' * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) *'''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka''' *Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco. Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. ==== Membobin su ==== * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) '''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka.''' Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco.Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. '''Sufuri''' Babban labarin: Jirgin ECOWAS Wani aikin Trans-ECOWAS, wanda aka kafa a 2007, yana shirin haɓaka hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa a wannan yankin. '''Yawon shakatawa''' A cikin 2019, ECOWAS ta bayyana Ecotour Action Plan 2019 - 2029. Yana mai da hankali ne kan kariya da bunƙasa al'adun yawon buɗe ido, da haɓaka ci gaban ƙa'idodi, ƙa'idodi da tsarin sarrafawa. Tsarin ya hada da shirye-shirye guda biyar don aiwatarwa, da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin hanyoyin sanya idanu da kimantawa. Ba a bunƙasa keɓaɓɓiyar fata ta musamman ba, amma duk da haka an ambata cewa shirin yana da damar ƙirƙirar alaƙa tsakanin cibiyoyi da haɗin gwiwar masu ruwa da tsaki, don dacewa da ayyukan ecotourism waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga al'umma, bambancin halittu, da zamantakewar tattalin arziki. '''Duba kuma''' Tsarin katin launin ruwan kasa - tsarin inshorar mota na ECOWAS Africanungiyar Gabashin Afirka Tattalin Arzikin Afirka Hukumomin Gwamnati kan Cigaba Developmentungiyar Developmentasashen Afirka ta Kudu (SADC) Kasuwar Kasuwanci ta Gabas da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} 9joutzb0dfub71y4ghr9qrol59m82uv 549441 549440 2024-12-01T13:12:30Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Niagara watervallen canada.jpg|thumb|Niagara Falls]] {{hujja}} [[File:Ecowas Secretariat (56815788).jpeg|thumb|sakatariyar ecowas]] '''Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma,''' (Da Turanci '''ECOWAS''', da [[Faransanci]] '''CEDEAO'''), wanda aka fi sani da (CEDEAO a Faransanci), ƙungiyar siyasa da tattalin arziƙin yanki ce ta ƙasashe goma sha biyar da ke Yammacin Afirka. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan ƙasashe sun ƙunshi yanki na 5,114,162 km2 (1,974,589 sq mi), kuma a cikin 2015 suna da kimanin mutane sama da miliyan, 349. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1975, tare da sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ta Legas, tare da ayyukanta da aka bayyana don inganta haɗin tattalin arziƙi a duk yankin. An amince da sake fasalin yarjejeniyar da sanya hannu a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993 a Cotonou. Wanda aka yi la'akari da daya daga cikin ginshikan yanki na ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi Afirka baki daya (AEC), babban burin ƙungiyar ECOWAS shine a cimma "wadatar wadatar zuci" ga mambobinta ta hanyar kirkirar babbar kungiyar kasuwanci ta hanyar gina cikakken tattalin arziƙi da Ƙungiyar kwadago. ECOWAS din ma tana aiki a matsayin rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya a yankinta, inda a wasu lokuta kasashe mambobin kungiyar ke tura dakaru na hadin gwiwa domin shiga tsakanin mambobin ƙungiyar a wasu lokuta na rashin zaman lafiyar siyasa da tashe tashen hankali. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoma baki a cikin Ivory Coast a 2003, Laberiya a 2003, Guinea-Bissau a 2012, Mali a 2013, da Gambiya a 2017. ECOWAS ta haɗa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu: Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (wanda kuma aka sani da sunan Faransanci UEMOA) ƙungiya ce ta takwas, galibi masu jin Faransanci, jihohi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke raba ƙungiyar kwastam da ƙungiyar hada hadar kuɗi [faɗar da ake bukata]. An kafa shi a cikin 1994 kuma an yi niyya ne don daidaita ikon tattalin arziƙi masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ƙungiyar (kamar Nijeriya da Ghana), mambobin UEMOA galibi tsoffin yankuna ne na Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa. Kudin da duk suke amfani da shi shine CFA franc, wanda ke manne da euro. Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ), wanda aka kafa a 2000, ya ƙunshi ƙasashe shida mafi yawan masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin yin aiki don karɓar kuɗinsu na bai ɗaya, eco. Bugu da kari, ECOWAS ta hada da cibiyoyi masu zuwa: Hukumar ECOWAS, Kotun Al’umma ta Shari’a, [8] Majalisar Dokokin Al’umma, Bankin ECOWAS na Zuba Jari da Ci Gaban (EBID), [9] Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Afirka ta Yamma (WAHO), da kuma Rukunin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke yaki da safarar kudade da kuma bayar da Ta'addanci a Afirka ta Yamma (GIABA). ECOWAS tana aiki cikin yarukan haɗin gwiwa guda uku-Faransanci, Ingilishi, da Fotigal, kuma ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyu don aiwatar da manufofi: Hukumar ECOWAS da Bankin ECOWAS na saka hannun jari da ci gaba (EBID), wanda a da ake kira Asusun Hadin Kai har sai ta an sake masa suna a 2001. A 1976, Cape Verde ta shiga cikin ECOWAS, yayin da Mauritania ta janye a Disambar 2000, bayan da ta bayyana aniyarta na yin hakan a watan Disambar 1999. A cikin 2011, ECOWAS ta zartar da tsarin ci gabanta na shekaru goma masu zuwa, Ganin 2020, kuma, tare da ita, Manufofin Kimiyya da Fasaha (ECOPOST). Ƙasashen Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso sun sanar da ficewa daga ƙungiyar a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun 2024, lamarin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba tun bayan kafa kungiyar ECOWAS, inda suka yi zargin rashin taimakon kungiyar musamman ta fuskar ta’addanci da kuma zarginta da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS. tasirin ikon kasashen waje. {| class="wikitable" | == Contents == ·         1Member states ·         2Structure o    2.1Executive Secretaries and Presidents of the Commissions o    2.2Chairpersons o    2.3Regional security co-operation o    2.4Community Parliament o    2.5Expanded ECOWAS Commission o    2.6Community Court of Justice o    2.7Sporting and cultural exchange ·         3Economic integration o    3.1West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) §  3.1.1Membership o    3.2West African Monetary Zone §  3.2.1Membership ·         4Transport ·         5Tourism ·         6See also ·         7References ·         8External links |} '''Kasashen mambobi''' Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2017, ECOWAS tana da membobin kasashe 15; takwas daga cikinsu masu jin Faransanci ne, biyar kuma masu magana da Ingilishi ne, biyu kuma masu magana da yaren Fotigal. Duk mambobi na yanzu sun shiga cikin al'umma a matsayin membobin kafa a cikin Mayu 1975, banda Cape Verde wacce ta shiga cikin 1977. Tsohon memba na ECOWAS kawai shine mai magana da larabci Mauritania, wanda kuma yana daya daga cikin membobin da suka kafa kungiyar a shekarar 1975 kuma ta yanke shawarar ficewa a watan Disambar 2000. Kwanan nan Mauritania ta rattaba hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar zama memba a watan Agusta na 2017. A hukumance an nemi Morocco ta shiga ECOWAS a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017. An amince da aikace-aikacen ne bisa ka'ida a taron shugabannin kasashe a watan Yunin 2017, amma yunkurin Morocco na zama memba ya ci tura. Statididdiga don yawan jama'a, GDP maras ƙarfi da ikon GDP na ikon siye da aka jera a ƙasa an ɗauke su daga ƙididdigar Bankin Duniya na 2015, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba na 2016. An ciro bayanan yanki daga rahoton 2012 wanda sashin kididdiga na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tattara. '''ECOWAS Shiyyar Kasashe membobin kungiyar''' {| class="wikitable" |ECOWAS Zone A member statesCountryArea (km<sup>2</sup>)Population (thousands)GDP (nominal) (millions USD)GDP (PPP) (millions intl.$)CurrencyOfficial language Cabo Verde4,0335211,6033,413escudoPortuguese Gambia11,2951,9919393,344dalasiEnglish Guinea245,85712,6096,69915,244francFrench Guinea-Bissau36,1251,8441,0572,685CFA francPortuguese Liberia111,3694,5032,0533,762dollarEnglish Mali1,240,19217,60012,74735,695CFA francFrench Senegal196,71215,12913,61036,625CFA francFrench Sierra Leone72,3006,4534,21510,127leoneEnglishECOWAS Zone A total'''1,917,88360,55042,923110,895'''—— |} '''Asashe membobin ECOWAS Zone B''' {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |'''Country''' |'''Area''' '''(km<sup>2</sup>)''' |'''Population''' '''(thousands)''' |'''GDP (nominal)''' '''(millions USD)''' |'''GDP (PPP)''' '''(millions intl.$)''' |'''Currency''' |'''Official''' '''language''' |- |Benin |114,763 |10,880 |8,291 |22,377 |CFA franc |French |- |Burkina Faso |272,967 |18,106 |10,678 |30,708 |CFA franc |French |- |Ghana |238,533 |27,410 |37,543 |115,409 |cedi |English |- |Côte d'Ivoire |322,463 |22,702 |31,759 |79,766 |CFA franc |French |- |Niger |1,267,000 |19,899 |7,143 |19,013 |CFA franc |French |- |Nigeria |923,768 |182,202 |481,066 |1,093,921 |Naira |English |- |Togo |56,785 |7,305 |4,088 |10,667 |CFA franc |French |- |ECOWAS Zone B total |'''3,196,279''' |'''277,502''' |'''580,568''' |'''1,371,861''' |— |— |} |} '''Sakatarorin Zartarwa da Shugabannin kwamitocin''' {| class="wikitable sortable" !Executive Secretary !Country !In office |- |Inaugural holder Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara |Ivory Coast |January 1977 – 1985 |- |Momodu Munu |Sierra Leone |1985–1989 |- |Abass Bundu |Sierra Leone |1989–1993 |- |Édouard Benjamin |Guinea |1993–1997 |- |Lansana Kouyaté |Guinea |September 1997 – 31 January 2002 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 February 2002 – 31 December 2007 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 January 2007 – 18 February 2010 |- |James Victor Gbeho |Ghana |18 February 2010 – 1 March 2012 |- |Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo |Burkina Faso |1 March 2012 – 4 June 2016 |- |Marcel Alain de Souza |Benin |4 June 2016 – 1 March 2018 |- |Jean-Claude Brou |Ivory Coast |1 March 2018 – present |} '''Shugabanni''' {| class="wikitable" !hairperson !Country !In office |- |Yakubu Gowon |Nigeria |28 May 1975 – 29 July 1975 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |29 July 1975 – 13 September 1977 |- |Olusegun Obasanjo |Nigeria |13 September 1977 – 30 September 1979 |- |Léopold Sédar Senghor |Senegal |30 September 1979 – 31 December 1980 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1980–1981 |- |Siaka Stevens |Sierra Leone |1981–1982 |- |Mathieu Kérékou |Benin |1982–1983 |- |Ahmed Sékou Touré |Guinea |1983–1984 |- |Lansana Conté |Guinea |1984–1985 |- |Muhammadu Buhari |Nigeria |1985 – 27 August 1985 |- |Ibrahim Babangida |Nigeria |27 August 1985 – 1989 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1989–1990 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |1990–1991 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1991–1992 |- |Abdou Diouf |Senegal |1992–1993 |- |Nicéphore Soglo |Benin |1993–1994 |- |Jerry Rawlings |Ghana |1994 – 27 July 1996 |- |Sani Abacha |Nigeria |27 July 1996 – 8 June 1998 |- |Abdulsalami Abubakar |Nigeria |9 June 1998 – 1999 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1999 – 1999 |- |Alpha Oumar Konaré |Mali |1999 – 21 December 2001 |- |Abdoulaye Wade |Senegal |21 December 2001 – 31 January 2003 |- |John Kufuor |Ghana |31 January 2003 – 19 January 2005 |- |Mamadou Tandja |Niger |19 January 2005 – 19 January 2007 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |19 January 2007 – 19 December 2008 |- |Umaru Musa Yar'Adua |Nigeria |19 December 2008 – 18 February 2010 |- |Goodluck Jonathan |Nigeria |18 February 2010 – 17 February 2012 |- |Alassane Ouattara |Ivory Coast |17 February 2012 – 17 February 2013 |- |John Mahama |Ghana |17 February 2013 – 19 May 2015 |- |Macky Sall |Senegal |19 May 2015 – 4 June 2016 |- |Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |Liberia |4 June 2016 – 4 June 2017 |} '''Hadin gwiwar tsaro na yanki''' Duba kuma: Communityungiyar Kula da Economicungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka ECasashen ECOWAS sun ba da wata yarjejeniya ba ta zalunci ba a 1990 tare da yarjejeniyoyi biyu da aka yi a baya a 1978 da 1981. Sun kuma sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar kan Taimaka wa Kare Tsaron Juna a Freetown, Saliyo, a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1981, wanda ya tanadi kafa anungiyar Sojojin Kawance Ofarfin Al'umma. '''Majalisar Al'umma''' Majalisar Al'umma ta kunshi membobi 115, wadanda aka rarraba dangane da yawan kowace jiha. Wannan kwamitin yana karkashin Shugaban Majalisar ne, wanda ke sama da Sakatare Janar. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Country !Parliament Seats |- |Benin |5 |- |Burkina Faso |6 |- |Cape Verde |5 |- |Ivory Coast |7 |- |Gambia |5 |- |Ghana |8 |- |Guinea |6 |- |Guinea-Bissau |5 |- |Liberia |5 |- |Mali |6 |- |Niger |6 |- |Nigeria |35 |- |Senegal |6 |- |Sierra Leone |5 |- |Togo |5 |} '''An faɗaɗa Hukumar ECOWAS''' Karo na uku 3 tun bayan kafuwar ta a shekarar 1975, kungiyar ECOWAS na cikin sauye-sauyen hukumomi. Na farko shi ne lokacin da ta sake yarjejeniyarta a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993; na biyu shi ne a 2007 lokacin da Sakatariyar ta rikide zuwa Hukumar. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2013, yanzu ECOWAS tana da sabbin sassa guda shida (Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a; Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu; Makamashi da Ma'adanai; Sadarwa da IT; Ci gaban Masana'antu da Kamfanoni Masu Zaman Kansu. Kwamishinan Ghana sabon kundin tsarin mulki da Taro) '''Kotun Al'umma ta Shari'a Babban labarin''': Kotun ECOWAS Kotun Al’umma ta ECOWAS an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a 1991 sannan daga baya aka sanya ta a cikin Mataki na 6 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara na Communityungiyar a 1993. Koyaya, Kotun ba ta fara aiki a hukumance ba har sai yarjejeniyar 1991 ta fara aiki a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1996. An bayyana ikon kotun a cikin Mataki na 9 da Mataki na 76 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara kuma tana ba da damar yanke hukunci a kan rikice-rikice tsakanin jihohi game da fassarar Revised Yarjejeniya. Hakanan tana ba Majalisar ECOWAS shawarwari na nasiha game da lamuran doka (Mataki na 10). Kamar kotunan abokanta, Kotun Turai na 'Yancin Dan-Adam da Kotun Afirka ta Gabas ta Afirka, tana da ikon yanke hukunci kan muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi take hakkin dan adam. '''Wasanni da musayar al'adu''' ECasashen ECOWAS suna shirya abubuwa da yawa na al'adu da wasanni a ƙarƙashin kulawar jiki, ciki har da Kofin CEDEAO a ƙwallon ƙafa, Wasannin ECOWAS na 2012 da kuma Miss CEDEAO kyakkyawar sarauta. '''Hadin kan tattalin arziki''' Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi da Kuɗi ta Afirka ta Yamma (UEMOA) Duba kuma: CFA franc da Tattalin Arziƙi da ƙungiyar kuɗi UEMOA WAMZ ECOWAS kawai (Cape Verde) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAEMU, wanda aka fi sani da UEMOA daga sunanta a Faransanci, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) ƙungiya ce ta mutane takwas, galibi ƙasashen yammacin Afirka masu amfani da harshen Faransanci a cikin ECOWAS, waɗanda aka mamaye ba haka ba. ta manyan masu nauyi kamar Najeriya da Ghana. An kafa ta ne don inganta haɗin tattalin arziki tsakanin ƙasashen da ke raba CFA franc a matsayin kuɗaɗen waje. UEMOA an kirkireshi ne ta wata yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a Dakar, Senegal, a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1994, daga shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocin Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, da Togo. A ranar 2 ga Mayu 1997, Guinea-Bissau, tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Fotigal, ta zama memba na takwas (kuma kawai ba mara amfani da yaren Faransanci) UEMOA ƙungiya ce ta kwastan da haɗin kuɗin tsakanin mambobin ECOWAS. Manufofin ta sun hada da: Gasar tattalin arziki mafi girma, ta hanyar buɗe kasuwanni, ban da fa'ida da daidaita yanayin shari'a Haɗin manufofin tattalin arziƙi da alamomi Kirkirar kasuwa daya Daidaita manufofin bangarori Daidaita manufofin kasafin kudi Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu, UEMOA ta sami nasarar aiwatar da ƙa'idodin haɗakar tattalin arziki da ingantacciyar hanyar sa ido. Ta karɓi ƙungiyar kwastan da jadawalin kuɗin fito na waje kuma ta haɗu da ƙa'idodin haraji kai tsaye, ban da ƙaddamar da manufofin yanki da ɓangarori. Wani bincike na IMF a watan Satumbar 2002 ya ambaci UEMOA a matsayin "mafi nisa a kan hanyar hadewa" na dukkan kungiyoyin yankin a Afirka. ECOWAS da UEMOA sun samar da tsari na bai daya game da sassaucin kasuwanci da hada-hadar manufofin tattalin arziki. Kungiyoyin sun kuma amince da ka'idoji iri daya na asali don bunkasa kasuwanci, sannan ECOWAS ta amince da daukar UEMOA tsarin kwastam da hanyoyin biyan diyya. '''Membobinsu''' * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) *'''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka''' *Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco. Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. ==== Membobin su ==== * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) '''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka.''' Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco.Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. '''Sufuri''' Babban labarin: Jirgin ECOWAS Wani aikin Trans-ECOWAS, wanda aka kafa a 2007, yana shirin haɓaka hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa a wannan yankin. '''Yawon shakatawa''' A cikin 2019, ECOWAS ta bayyana Ecotour Action Plan 2019 - 2029. Yana mai da hankali ne kan kariya da bunƙasa al'adun yawon buɗe ido, da haɓaka ci gaban ƙa'idodi, ƙa'idodi da tsarin sarrafawa. Tsarin ya hada da shirye-shirye guda biyar don aiwatarwa, da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin hanyoyin sanya idanu da kimantawa. Ba a bunƙasa keɓaɓɓiyar fata ta musamman ba, amma duk da haka an ambata cewa shirin yana da damar ƙirƙirar alaƙa tsakanin cibiyoyi da haɗin gwiwar masu ruwa da tsaki, don dacewa da ayyukan ecotourism waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga al'umma, bambancin halittu, da zamantakewar tattalin arziki. '''Duba kuma''' Tsarin katin launin ruwan kasa - tsarin inshorar mota na ECOWAS Africanungiyar Gabashin Afirka Tattalin Arzikin Afirka Hukumomin Gwamnati kan Cigaba Developmentungiyar Developmentasashen Afirka ta Kudu (SADC) Kasuwar Kasuwanci ta Gabas da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} pr7escrfmb5pprg4vt1d8q0ph0nkj1c 549442 549441 2024-12-01T13:12:55Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Niagara watervallen canada.jpg|thumb|Niagara Falls]] {{hujja}} [[File:Ecowas Secretariat (56815788).jpeg|thumb|sakatariyar ecowas]] '''Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma,''' (Da Turanci '''ECOWAS''', da [[Faransanci]] '''CEDEAO'''), wanda aka fi sani da (CEDEAO a Faransanci), ƙungiyar siyasa da tattalin arziƙin yanki ce ta ƙasashe goma sha biyar da ke Yammacin Afirka. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan ƙasashe sun ƙunshi yanki na 5,114,162 km2 (1,974,589 sq mi), kuma a cikin 2015 suna da kimanin mutane sama da miliyan, 349. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1975, tare da sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ta Legas, tare da ayyukanta da aka bayyana don inganta haɗin tattalin arziƙi a duk yankin. An amince da sake fasalin yarjejeniyar da sanya hannu a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993 a Cotonou. Wanda aka yi la'akari da daya daga cikin ginshikan yanki na ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi Afirka baki daya (AEC), babban burin ƙungiyar ECOWAS shine a cimma "wadatar wadatar zuci" ga mambobinta ta hanyar kirkirar babbar kungiyar kasuwanci ta hanyar gina cikakken tattalin arziƙi da Ƙungiyar kwadago. ECOWAS din ma tana aiki a matsayin rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya a yankinta, inda a wasu lokuta kasashe mambobin kungiyar ke tura dakaru na hadin gwiwa domin shiga tsakanin mambobin ƙungiyar a wasu lokuta na rashin zaman lafiyar siyasa da tashe tashen hankali. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoma baki a cikin Ivory Coast a 2003, Laberiya a 2003, Guinea-Bissau a 2012, Mali a 2013, da Gambiya a 2017. ECOWAS ta haɗa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu: Economic ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (wanda kuma aka sani da sunan Faransanci UEMOA) ƙungiya ce ta takwas, galibi masu jin Faransanci, jihohi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke raba ƙungiyar kwastam da ƙungiyar hada hadar kuɗi [faɗar da ake bukata]. An kafa shi a cikin 1994 kuma an yi niyya ne don daidaita ikon tattalin arziƙi masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ƙungiyar (kamar Nijeriya da Ghana), mambobin UEMOA galibi tsoffin yankuna ne na Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa. Kudin da duk suke amfani da shi shine CFA franc, wanda ke manne da euro. Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ), wanda aka kafa a 2000, ya ƙunshi ƙasashe shida mafi yawan masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin yin aiki don karɓar kuɗinsu na bai ɗaya, eco. Bugu da kari, ECOWAS ta hada da cibiyoyi masu zuwa: Hukumar ECOWAS, Kotun Al’umma ta Shari’a, [8] Majalisar Dokokin Al’umma, Bankin ECOWAS na Zuba Jari da Ci Gaban (EBID), [9] Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Afirka ta Yamma (WAHO), da kuma Rukunin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke yaki da safarar kudade da kuma bayar da Ta'addanci a Afirka ta Yamma (GIABA). ECOWAS tana aiki cikin yarukan haɗin gwiwa guda uku-Faransanci, Ingilishi, da Fotigal, kuma ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyu don aiwatar da manufofi: Hukumar ECOWAS da Bankin ECOWAS na saka hannun jari da ci gaba (EBID), wanda a da ake kira Asusun Hadin Kai har sai ta an sake masa suna a 2001. A 1976, Cape Verde ta shiga cikin ECOWAS, yayin da Mauritania ta janye a Disambar 2000, bayan da ta bayyana aniyarta na yin hakan a watan Disambar 1999. A cikin 2011, ECOWAS ta zartar da tsarin ci gabanta na shekaru goma masu zuwa, Ganin 2020, kuma, tare da ita, Manufofin Kimiyya da Fasaha (ECOPOST). Ƙasashen Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso sun sanar da ficewa daga ƙungiyar a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun 2024, lamarin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba tun bayan kafa kungiyar ECOWAS, inda suka yi zargin rashin taimakon kungiyar musamman ta fuskar ta’addanci da kuma zarginta da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS. tasirin ikon kasashen waje. {| class="wikitable" | == Contents == ·         1Member states ·         2Structure o    2.1Executive Secretaries and Presidents of the Commissions o    2.2Chairpersons o    2.3Regional security co-operation o    2.4Community Parliament o    2.5Expanded ECOWAS Commission o    2.6Community Court of Justice o    2.7Sporting and cultural exchange ·         3Economic integration o    3.1West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) §  3.1.1Membership o    3.2West African Monetary Zone §  3.2.1Membership ·         4Transport ·         5Tourism ·         6See also ·         7References ·         8External links |} '''Kasashen mambobi''' Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2017, ECOWAS tana da membobin kasashe 15; takwas daga cikinsu masu jin Faransanci ne, biyar kuma masu magana da Ingilishi ne, biyu kuma masu magana da yaren Fotigal. Duk mambobi na yanzu sun shiga cikin al'umma a matsayin membobin kafa a cikin Mayu 1975, banda Cape Verde wacce ta shiga cikin 1977. Tsohon memba na ECOWAS kawai shine mai magana da larabci Mauritania, wanda kuma yana daya daga cikin membobin da suka kafa kungiyar a shekarar 1975 kuma ta yanke shawarar ficewa a watan Disambar 2000. Kwanan nan Mauritania ta rattaba hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar zama memba a watan Agusta na 2017. A hukumance an nemi Morocco ta shiga ECOWAS a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017. An amince da aikace-aikacen ne bisa ka'ida a taron shugabannin kasashe a watan Yunin 2017, amma yunkurin Morocco na zama memba ya ci tura. Statididdiga don yawan jama'a, GDP maras ƙarfi da ikon GDP na ikon siye da aka jera a ƙasa an ɗauke su daga ƙididdigar Bankin Duniya na 2015, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba na 2016. An ciro bayanan yanki daga rahoton 2012 wanda sashin kididdiga na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tattara. '''ECOWAS Shiyyar Kasashe membobin kungiyar''' {| class="wikitable" |ECOWAS Zone A member statesCountryArea (km<sup>2</sup>)Population (thousands)GDP (nominal) (millions USD)GDP (PPP) (millions intl.$)CurrencyOfficial language Cabo Verde4,0335211,6033,413escudoPortuguese Gambia11,2951,9919393,344dalasiEnglish Guinea245,85712,6096,69915,244francFrench Guinea-Bissau36,1251,8441,0572,685CFA francPortuguese Liberia111,3694,5032,0533,762dollarEnglish Mali1,240,19217,60012,74735,695CFA francFrench Senegal196,71215,12913,61036,625CFA francFrench Sierra Leone72,3006,4534,21510,127leoneEnglishECOWAS Zone A total'''1,917,88360,55042,923110,895'''—— |} '''Asashe membobin ECOWAS Zone B''' {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |'''Country''' |'''Area''' '''(km<sup>2</sup>)''' |'''Population''' '''(thousands)''' |'''GDP (nominal)''' '''(millions USD)''' |'''GDP (PPP)''' '''(millions intl.$)''' |'''Currency''' |'''Official''' '''language''' |- |Benin |114,763 |10,880 |8,291 |22,377 |CFA franc |French |- |Burkina Faso |272,967 |18,106 |10,678 |30,708 |CFA franc |French |- |Ghana |238,533 |27,410 |37,543 |115,409 |cedi |English |- |Côte d'Ivoire |322,463 |22,702 |31,759 |79,766 |CFA franc |French |- |Niger |1,267,000 |19,899 |7,143 |19,013 |CFA franc |French |- |Nigeria |923,768 |182,202 |481,066 |1,093,921 |Naira |English |- |Togo |56,785 |7,305 |4,088 |10,667 |CFA franc |French |- |ECOWAS Zone B total |'''3,196,279''' |'''277,502''' |'''580,568''' |'''1,371,861''' |— |— |} |} '''Sakatarorin Zartarwa da Shugabannin kwamitocin''' {| class="wikitable sortable" !Executive Secretary !Country !In office |- |Inaugural holder Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara |Ivory Coast |January 1977 – 1985 |- |Momodu Munu |Sierra Leone |1985–1989 |- |Abass Bundu |Sierra Leone |1989–1993 |- |Édouard Benjamin |Guinea |1993–1997 |- |Lansana Kouyaté |Guinea |September 1997 – 31 January 2002 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 February 2002 – 31 December 2007 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 January 2007 – 18 February 2010 |- |James Victor Gbeho |Ghana |18 February 2010 – 1 March 2012 |- |Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo |Burkina Faso |1 March 2012 – 4 June 2016 |- |Marcel Alain de Souza |Benin |4 June 2016 – 1 March 2018 |- |Jean-Claude Brou |Ivory Coast |1 March 2018 – present |} '''Shugabanni''' {| class="wikitable" !hairperson !Country !In office |- |Yakubu Gowon |Nigeria |28 May 1975 – 29 July 1975 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |29 July 1975 – 13 September 1977 |- |Olusegun Obasanjo |Nigeria |13 September 1977 – 30 September 1979 |- |Léopold Sédar Senghor |Senegal |30 September 1979 – 31 December 1980 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1980–1981 |- |Siaka Stevens |Sierra Leone |1981–1982 |- |Mathieu Kérékou |Benin |1982–1983 |- |Ahmed Sékou Touré |Guinea |1983–1984 |- |Lansana Conté |Guinea |1984–1985 |- |Muhammadu Buhari |Nigeria |1985 – 27 August 1985 |- |Ibrahim Babangida |Nigeria |27 August 1985 – 1989 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1989–1990 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |1990–1991 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1991–1992 |- |Abdou Diouf |Senegal |1992–1993 |- |Nicéphore Soglo |Benin |1993–1994 |- |Jerry Rawlings |Ghana |1994 – 27 July 1996 |- |Sani Abacha |Nigeria |27 July 1996 – 8 June 1998 |- |Abdulsalami Abubakar |Nigeria |9 June 1998 – 1999 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1999 – 1999 |- |Alpha Oumar Konaré |Mali |1999 – 21 December 2001 |- |Abdoulaye Wade |Senegal |21 December 2001 – 31 January 2003 |- |John Kufuor |Ghana |31 January 2003 – 19 January 2005 |- |Mamadou Tandja |Niger |19 January 2005 – 19 January 2007 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |19 January 2007 – 19 December 2008 |- |Umaru Musa Yar'Adua |Nigeria |19 December 2008 – 18 February 2010 |- |Goodluck Jonathan |Nigeria |18 February 2010 – 17 February 2012 |- |Alassane Ouattara |Ivory Coast |17 February 2012 – 17 February 2013 |- |John Mahama |Ghana |17 February 2013 – 19 May 2015 |- |Macky Sall |Senegal |19 May 2015 – 4 June 2016 |- |Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |Liberia |4 June 2016 – 4 June 2017 |} '''Hadin gwiwar tsaro na yanki''' Duba kuma: Communityungiyar Kula da Economicungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka ECasashen ECOWAS sun ba da wata yarjejeniya ba ta zalunci ba a 1990 tare da yarjejeniyoyi biyu da aka yi a baya a 1978 da 1981. Sun kuma sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar kan Taimaka wa Kare Tsaron Juna a Freetown, Saliyo, a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1981, wanda ya tanadi kafa anungiyar Sojojin Kawance Ofarfin Al'umma. '''Majalisar Al'umma''' Majalisar Al'umma ta kunshi membobi 115, wadanda aka rarraba dangane da yawan kowace jiha. Wannan kwamitin yana karkashin Shugaban Majalisar ne, wanda ke sama da Sakatare Janar. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Country !Parliament Seats |- |Benin |5 |- |Burkina Faso |6 |- |Cape Verde |5 |- |Ivory Coast |7 |- |Gambia |5 |- |Ghana |8 |- |Guinea |6 |- |Guinea-Bissau |5 |- |Liberia |5 |- |Mali |6 |- |Niger |6 |- |Nigeria |35 |- |Senegal |6 |- |Sierra Leone |5 |- |Togo |5 |} '''An faɗaɗa Hukumar ECOWAS''' Karo na uku 3 tun bayan kafuwar ta a shekarar 1975, kungiyar ECOWAS na cikin sauye-sauyen hukumomi. Na farko shi ne lokacin da ta sake yarjejeniyarta a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993; na biyu shi ne a 2007 lokacin da Sakatariyar ta rikide zuwa Hukumar. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2013, yanzu ECOWAS tana da sabbin sassa guda shida (Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a; Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu; Makamashi da Ma'adanai; Sadarwa da IT; Ci gaban Masana'antu da Kamfanoni Masu Zaman Kansu. Kwamishinan Ghana sabon kundin tsarin mulki da Taro) '''Kotun Al'umma ta Shari'a Babban labarin''': Kotun ECOWAS Kotun Al’umma ta ECOWAS an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a 1991 sannan daga baya aka sanya ta a cikin Mataki na 6 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara na Communityungiyar a 1993. Koyaya, Kotun ba ta fara aiki a hukumance ba har sai yarjejeniyar 1991 ta fara aiki a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1996. An bayyana ikon kotun a cikin Mataki na 9 da Mataki na 76 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara kuma tana ba da damar yanke hukunci a kan rikice-rikice tsakanin jihohi game da fassarar Revised Yarjejeniya. Hakanan tana ba Majalisar ECOWAS shawarwari na nasiha game da lamuran doka (Mataki na 10). Kamar kotunan abokanta, Kotun Turai na 'Yancin Dan-Adam da Kotun Afirka ta Gabas ta Afirka, tana da ikon yanke hukunci kan muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi take hakkin dan adam. '''Wasanni da musayar al'adu''' ECasashen ECOWAS suna shirya abubuwa da yawa na al'adu da wasanni a ƙarƙashin kulawar jiki, ciki har da Kofin CEDEAO a ƙwallon ƙafa, Wasannin ECOWAS na 2012 da kuma Miss CEDEAO kyakkyawar sarauta. '''Hadin kan tattalin arziki''' Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi da Kuɗi ta Afirka ta Yamma (UEMOA) Duba kuma: CFA franc da Tattalin Arziƙi da ƙungiyar kuɗi UEMOA WAMZ ECOWAS kawai (Cape Verde) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAEMU, wanda aka fi sani da UEMOA daga sunanta a Faransanci, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) ƙungiya ce ta mutane takwas, galibi ƙasashen yammacin Afirka masu amfani da harshen Faransanci a cikin ECOWAS, waɗanda aka mamaye ba haka ba. ta manyan masu nauyi kamar Najeriya da Ghana. An kafa ta ne don inganta haɗin tattalin arziki tsakanin ƙasashen da ke raba CFA franc a matsayin kuɗaɗen waje. UEMOA an kirkireshi ne ta wata yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a Dakar, Senegal, a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1994, daga shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocin Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, da Togo. A ranar 2 ga Mayu 1997, Guinea-Bissau, tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Fotigal, ta zama memba na takwas (kuma kawai ba mara amfani da yaren Faransanci) UEMOA ƙungiya ce ta kwastan da haɗin kuɗin tsakanin mambobin ECOWAS. Manufofin ta sun hada da: Gasar tattalin arziki mafi girma, ta hanyar buɗe kasuwanni, ban da fa'ida da daidaita yanayin shari'a Haɗin manufofin tattalin arziƙi da alamomi Kirkirar kasuwa daya Daidaita manufofin bangarori Daidaita manufofin kasafin kudi Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu, UEMOA ta sami nasarar aiwatar da ƙa'idodin haɗakar tattalin arziki da ingantacciyar hanyar sa ido. Ta karɓi ƙungiyar kwastan da jadawalin kuɗin fito na waje kuma ta haɗu da ƙa'idodin haraji kai tsaye, ban da ƙaddamar da manufofin yanki da ɓangarori. Wani bincike na IMF a watan Satumbar 2002 ya ambaci UEMOA a matsayin "mafi nisa a kan hanyar hadewa" na dukkan kungiyoyin yankin a Afirka. ECOWAS da UEMOA sun samar da tsari na bai daya game da sassaucin kasuwanci da hada-hadar manufofin tattalin arziki. Kungiyoyin sun kuma amince da ka'idoji iri daya na asali don bunkasa kasuwanci, sannan ECOWAS ta amince da daukar UEMOA tsarin kwastam da hanyoyin biyan diyya. '''Membobinsu''' * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) *'''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka''' *Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco. Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. ==== Membobin su ==== * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) '''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka.''' Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco.Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. '''Sufuri''' Babban labarin: Jirgin ECOWAS Wani aikin Trans-ECOWAS, wanda aka kafa a 2007, yana shirin haɓaka hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa a wannan yankin. '''Yawon shakatawa''' A cikin 2019, ECOWAS ta bayyana Ecotour Action Plan 2019 - 2029. Yana mai da hankali ne kan kariya da bunƙasa al'adun yawon buɗe ido, da haɓaka ci gaban ƙa'idodi, ƙa'idodi da tsarin sarrafawa. Tsarin ya hada da shirye-shirye guda biyar don aiwatarwa, da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin hanyoyin sanya idanu da kimantawa. Ba a bunƙasa keɓaɓɓiyar fata ta musamman ba, amma duk da haka an ambata cewa shirin yana da damar ƙirƙirar alaƙa tsakanin cibiyoyi da haɗin gwiwar masu ruwa da tsaki, don dacewa da ayyukan ecotourism waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga al'umma, bambancin halittu, da zamantakewar tattalin arziki. '''Duba kuma''' Tsarin katin launin ruwan kasa - tsarin inshorar mota na ECOWAS Africanungiyar Gabashin Afirka Tattalin Arzikin Afirka Hukumomin Gwamnati kan Cigaba Developmentungiyar Developmentasashen Afirka ta Kudu (SADC) Kasuwar Kasuwanci ta Gabas da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} kmxr317tkrsf3t5dn3ehryh46mwhyfh 549443 549442 2024-12-01T13:13:16Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549443 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Niagara watervallen canada.jpg|thumb|Niagara Falls]] {{hujja}} [[File:Ecowas Secretariat (56815788).jpeg|thumb|sakatariyar ecowas]] '''Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma,''' (Da Turanci '''ECOWAS''', da [[Faransanci]] '''CEDEAO'''), wanda aka fi sani da (CEDEAO a Faransanci), ƙungiyar siyasa da tattalin arziƙin yanki ce ta ƙasashe goma sha biyar da ke Yammacin Afirka. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan ƙasashe sun ƙunshi yanki na 5,114,162 km2 (1,974,589 sq mi), kuma a cikin 2015 suna da kimanin mutane sama da miliyan, 349. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1975, tare da sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ta Legas, tare da ayyukanta da aka bayyana don inganta haɗin tattalin arziƙi a duk yankin. An amince da sake fasalin yarjejeniyar da sanya hannu a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993 a Cotonou. Wanda aka yi la'akari da daya daga cikin ginshikan yanki na ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi Afirka baki daya (AEC), babban burin ƙungiyar ECOWAS shine a cimma "wadatar wadatar zuci" ga mambobinta ta hanyar kirkirar babbar ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta hanyar gina cikakken tattalin arziƙi da Ƙungiyar kwadago. ECOWAS din ma tana aiki a matsayin rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya a yankinta, inda a wasu lokuta kasashe mambobin kungiyar ke tura dakaru na haɗin gwiwa domin shiga tsakanin mambobin ƙungiyar a wasu lokuta na rashin zaman lafiyar siyasa da tashe tashen hankali. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoma baki a cikin Ivory Coast a 2003, Laberiya a 2003, Guinea-Bissau a 2012, Mali a 2013, da Gambiya a 2017. ECOWAS ta haɗa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu: Economic ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (wanda kuma aka sani da sunan Faransanci UEMOA) ƙungiya ce ta takwas, galibi masu jin Faransanci, jihohi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke raba ƙungiyar kwastam da ƙungiyar hada hadar kuɗi [faɗar da ake bukata]. An kafa shi a cikin 1994 kuma an yi niyya ne don daidaita ikon tattalin arziƙi masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ƙungiyar (kamar Nijeriya da Ghana), mambobin UEMOA galibi tsoffin yankuna ne na Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa. Kudin da duk suke amfani da shi shine CFA franc, wanda ke manne da euro. Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ), wanda aka kafa a 2000, ya ƙunshi ƙasashe shida mafi yawan masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin yin aiki don karɓar kuɗinsu na bai ɗaya, eco. Bugu da kari, ECOWAS ta hada da cibiyoyi masu zuwa: Hukumar ECOWAS, Kotun Al’umma ta Shari’a, [8] Majalisar Dokokin Al’umma, Bankin ECOWAS na Zuba Jari da Ci Gaban (EBID), [9] Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Afirka ta Yamma (WAHO), da kuma Rukunin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke yaki da safarar kudade da kuma bayar da Ta'addanci a Afirka ta Yamma (GIABA). ECOWAS tana aiki cikin yarukan haɗin gwiwa guda uku-Faransanci, Ingilishi, da Fotigal, kuma ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyu don aiwatar da manufofi: Hukumar ECOWAS da Bankin ECOWAS na saka hannun jari da ci gaba (EBID), wanda a da ake kira Asusun Hadin Kai har sai ta an sake masa suna a 2001. A 1976, Cape Verde ta shiga cikin ECOWAS, yayin da Mauritania ta janye a Disambar 2000, bayan da ta bayyana aniyarta na yin hakan a watan Disambar 1999. A cikin 2011, ECOWAS ta zartar da tsarin ci gabanta na shekaru goma masu zuwa, Ganin 2020, kuma, tare da ita, Manufofin Kimiyya da Fasaha (ECOPOST). Ƙasashen Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso sun sanar da ficewa daga ƙungiyar a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun 2024, lamarin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba tun bayan kafa kungiyar ECOWAS, inda suka yi zargin rashin taimakon kungiyar musamman ta fuskar ta’addanci da kuma zarginta da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS. tasirin ikon kasashen waje. {| class="wikitable" | == Contents == ·         1Member states ·         2Structure o    2.1Executive Secretaries and Presidents of the Commissions o    2.2Chairpersons o    2.3Regional security co-operation o    2.4Community Parliament o    2.5Expanded ECOWAS Commission o    2.6Community Court of Justice o    2.7Sporting and cultural exchange ·         3Economic integration o    3.1West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) §  3.1.1Membership o    3.2West African Monetary Zone §  3.2.1Membership ·         4Transport ·         5Tourism ·         6See also ·         7References ·         8External links |} '''Kasashen mambobi''' Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2017, ECOWAS tana da membobin kasashe 15; takwas daga cikinsu masu jin Faransanci ne, biyar kuma masu magana da Ingilishi ne, biyu kuma masu magana da yaren Fotigal. Duk mambobi na yanzu sun shiga cikin al'umma a matsayin membobin kafa a cikin Mayu 1975, banda Cape Verde wacce ta shiga cikin 1977. Tsohon memba na ECOWAS kawai shine mai magana da larabci Mauritania, wanda kuma yana daya daga cikin membobin da suka kafa kungiyar a shekarar 1975 kuma ta yanke shawarar ficewa a watan Disambar 2000. Kwanan nan Mauritania ta rattaba hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar zama memba a watan Agusta na 2017. A hukumance an nemi Morocco ta shiga ECOWAS a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017. An amince da aikace-aikacen ne bisa ka'ida a taron shugabannin kasashe a watan Yunin 2017, amma yunkurin Morocco na zama memba ya ci tura. Statididdiga don yawan jama'a, GDP maras ƙarfi da ikon GDP na ikon siye da aka jera a ƙasa an ɗauke su daga ƙididdigar Bankin Duniya na 2015, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba na 2016. An ciro bayanan yanki daga rahoton 2012 wanda sashin kididdiga na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tattara. '''ECOWAS Shiyyar Kasashe membobin kungiyar''' {| class="wikitable" |ECOWAS Zone A member statesCountryArea (km<sup>2</sup>)Population (thousands)GDP (nominal) (millions USD)GDP (PPP) (millions intl.$)CurrencyOfficial language Cabo Verde4,0335211,6033,413escudoPortuguese Gambia11,2951,9919393,344dalasiEnglish Guinea245,85712,6096,69915,244francFrench Guinea-Bissau36,1251,8441,0572,685CFA francPortuguese Liberia111,3694,5032,0533,762dollarEnglish Mali1,240,19217,60012,74735,695CFA francFrench Senegal196,71215,12913,61036,625CFA francFrench Sierra Leone72,3006,4534,21510,127leoneEnglishECOWAS Zone A total'''1,917,88360,55042,923110,895'''—— |} '''Asashe membobin ECOWAS Zone B''' {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |'''Country''' |'''Area''' '''(km<sup>2</sup>)''' |'''Population''' '''(thousands)''' |'''GDP (nominal)''' '''(millions USD)''' |'''GDP (PPP)''' '''(millions intl.$)''' |'''Currency''' |'''Official''' '''language''' |- |Benin |114,763 |10,880 |8,291 |22,377 |CFA franc |French |- |Burkina Faso |272,967 |18,106 |10,678 |30,708 |CFA franc |French |- |Ghana |238,533 |27,410 |37,543 |115,409 |cedi |English |- |Côte d'Ivoire |322,463 |22,702 |31,759 |79,766 |CFA franc |French |- |Niger |1,267,000 |19,899 |7,143 |19,013 |CFA franc |French |- |Nigeria |923,768 |182,202 |481,066 |1,093,921 |Naira |English |- |Togo |56,785 |7,305 |4,088 |10,667 |CFA franc |French |- |ECOWAS Zone B total |'''3,196,279''' |'''277,502''' |'''580,568''' |'''1,371,861''' |— |— |} |} '''Sakatarorin Zartarwa da Shugabannin kwamitocin''' {| class="wikitable sortable" !Executive Secretary !Country !In office |- |Inaugural holder Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara |Ivory Coast |January 1977 – 1985 |- |Momodu Munu |Sierra Leone |1985–1989 |- |Abass Bundu |Sierra Leone |1989–1993 |- |Édouard Benjamin |Guinea |1993–1997 |- |Lansana Kouyaté |Guinea |September 1997 – 31 January 2002 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 February 2002 – 31 December 2007 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 January 2007 – 18 February 2010 |- |James Victor Gbeho |Ghana |18 February 2010 – 1 March 2012 |- |Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo |Burkina Faso |1 March 2012 – 4 June 2016 |- |Marcel Alain de Souza |Benin |4 June 2016 – 1 March 2018 |- |Jean-Claude Brou |Ivory Coast |1 March 2018 – present |} '''Shugabanni''' {| class="wikitable" !hairperson !Country !In office |- |Yakubu Gowon |Nigeria |28 May 1975 – 29 July 1975 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |29 July 1975 – 13 September 1977 |- |Olusegun Obasanjo |Nigeria |13 September 1977 – 30 September 1979 |- |Léopold Sédar Senghor |Senegal |30 September 1979 – 31 December 1980 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1980–1981 |- |Siaka Stevens |Sierra Leone |1981–1982 |- |Mathieu Kérékou |Benin |1982–1983 |- |Ahmed Sékou Touré |Guinea |1983–1984 |- |Lansana Conté |Guinea |1984–1985 |- |Muhammadu Buhari |Nigeria |1985 – 27 August 1985 |- |Ibrahim Babangida |Nigeria |27 August 1985 – 1989 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1989–1990 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |1990–1991 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1991–1992 |- |Abdou Diouf |Senegal |1992–1993 |- |Nicéphore Soglo |Benin |1993–1994 |- |Jerry Rawlings |Ghana |1994 – 27 July 1996 |- |Sani Abacha |Nigeria |27 July 1996 – 8 June 1998 |- |Abdulsalami Abubakar |Nigeria |9 June 1998 – 1999 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1999 – 1999 |- |Alpha Oumar Konaré |Mali |1999 – 21 December 2001 |- |Abdoulaye Wade |Senegal |21 December 2001 – 31 January 2003 |- |John Kufuor |Ghana |31 January 2003 – 19 January 2005 |- |Mamadou Tandja |Niger |19 January 2005 – 19 January 2007 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |19 January 2007 – 19 December 2008 |- |Umaru Musa Yar'Adua |Nigeria |19 December 2008 – 18 February 2010 |- |Goodluck Jonathan |Nigeria |18 February 2010 – 17 February 2012 |- |Alassane Ouattara |Ivory Coast |17 February 2012 – 17 February 2013 |- |John Mahama |Ghana |17 February 2013 – 19 May 2015 |- |Macky Sall |Senegal |19 May 2015 – 4 June 2016 |- |Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |Liberia |4 June 2016 – 4 June 2017 |} '''Hadin gwiwar tsaro na yanki''' Duba kuma: Communityungiyar Kula da Economicungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka ECasashen ECOWAS sun ba da wata yarjejeniya ba ta zalunci ba a 1990 tare da yarjejeniyoyi biyu da aka yi a baya a 1978 da 1981. Sun kuma sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar kan Taimaka wa Kare Tsaron Juna a Freetown, Saliyo, a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1981, wanda ya tanadi kafa anungiyar Sojojin Kawance Ofarfin Al'umma. '''Majalisar Al'umma''' Majalisar Al'umma ta kunshi membobi 115, wadanda aka rarraba dangane da yawan kowace jiha. Wannan kwamitin yana karkashin Shugaban Majalisar ne, wanda ke sama da Sakatare Janar. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Country !Parliament Seats |- |Benin |5 |- |Burkina Faso |6 |- |Cape Verde |5 |- |Ivory Coast |7 |- |Gambia |5 |- |Ghana |8 |- |Guinea |6 |- |Guinea-Bissau |5 |- |Liberia |5 |- |Mali |6 |- |Niger |6 |- |Nigeria |35 |- |Senegal |6 |- |Sierra Leone |5 |- |Togo |5 |} '''An faɗaɗa Hukumar ECOWAS''' Karo na uku 3 tun bayan kafuwar ta a shekarar 1975, kungiyar ECOWAS na cikin sauye-sauyen hukumomi. Na farko shi ne lokacin da ta sake yarjejeniyarta a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993; na biyu shi ne a 2007 lokacin da Sakatariyar ta rikide zuwa Hukumar. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2013, yanzu ECOWAS tana da sabbin sassa guda shida (Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a; Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu; Makamashi da Ma'adanai; Sadarwa da IT; Ci gaban Masana'antu da Kamfanoni Masu Zaman Kansu. Kwamishinan Ghana sabon kundin tsarin mulki da Taro) '''Kotun Al'umma ta Shari'a Babban labarin''': Kotun ECOWAS Kotun Al’umma ta ECOWAS an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a 1991 sannan daga baya aka sanya ta a cikin Mataki na 6 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara na Communityungiyar a 1993. Koyaya, Kotun ba ta fara aiki a hukumance ba har sai yarjejeniyar 1991 ta fara aiki a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1996. An bayyana ikon kotun a cikin Mataki na 9 da Mataki na 76 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara kuma tana ba da damar yanke hukunci a kan rikice-rikice tsakanin jihohi game da fassarar Revised Yarjejeniya. Hakanan tana ba Majalisar ECOWAS shawarwari na nasiha game da lamuran doka (Mataki na 10). Kamar kotunan abokanta, Kotun Turai na 'Yancin Dan-Adam da Kotun Afirka ta Gabas ta Afirka, tana da ikon yanke hukunci kan muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi take hakkin dan adam. '''Wasanni da musayar al'adu''' ECasashen ECOWAS suna shirya abubuwa da yawa na al'adu da wasanni a ƙarƙashin kulawar jiki, ciki har da Kofin CEDEAO a ƙwallon ƙafa, Wasannin ECOWAS na 2012 da kuma Miss CEDEAO kyakkyawar sarauta. '''Hadin kan tattalin arziki''' Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi da Kuɗi ta Afirka ta Yamma (UEMOA) Duba kuma: CFA franc da Tattalin Arziƙi da ƙungiyar kuɗi UEMOA WAMZ ECOWAS kawai (Cape Verde) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAEMU, wanda aka fi sani da UEMOA daga sunanta a Faransanci, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) ƙungiya ce ta mutane takwas, galibi ƙasashen yammacin Afirka masu amfani da harshen Faransanci a cikin ECOWAS, waɗanda aka mamaye ba haka ba. ta manyan masu nauyi kamar Najeriya da Ghana. An kafa ta ne don inganta haɗin tattalin arziki tsakanin ƙasashen da ke raba CFA franc a matsayin kuɗaɗen waje. UEMOA an kirkireshi ne ta wata yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a Dakar, Senegal, a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1994, daga shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocin Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, da Togo. A ranar 2 ga Mayu 1997, Guinea-Bissau, tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Fotigal, ta zama memba na takwas (kuma kawai ba mara amfani da yaren Faransanci) UEMOA ƙungiya ce ta kwastan da haɗin kuɗin tsakanin mambobin ECOWAS. Manufofin ta sun hada da: Gasar tattalin arziki mafi girma, ta hanyar buɗe kasuwanni, ban da fa'ida da daidaita yanayin shari'a Haɗin manufofin tattalin arziƙi da alamomi Kirkirar kasuwa daya Daidaita manufofin bangarori Daidaita manufofin kasafin kudi Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu, UEMOA ta sami nasarar aiwatar da ƙa'idodin haɗakar tattalin arziki da ingantacciyar hanyar sa ido. Ta karɓi ƙungiyar kwastan da jadawalin kuɗin fito na waje kuma ta haɗu da ƙa'idodin haraji kai tsaye, ban da ƙaddamar da manufofin yanki da ɓangarori. Wani bincike na IMF a watan Satumbar 2002 ya ambaci UEMOA a matsayin "mafi nisa a kan hanyar hadewa" na dukkan kungiyoyin yankin a Afirka. ECOWAS da UEMOA sun samar da tsari na bai daya game da sassaucin kasuwanci da hada-hadar manufofin tattalin arziki. Kungiyoyin sun kuma amince da ka'idoji iri daya na asali don bunkasa kasuwanci, sannan ECOWAS ta amince da daukar UEMOA tsarin kwastam da hanyoyin biyan diyya. '''Membobinsu''' * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) *'''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka''' *Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco. Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. ==== Membobin su ==== * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) '''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka.''' Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco.Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. '''Sufuri''' Babban labarin: Jirgin ECOWAS Wani aikin Trans-ECOWAS, wanda aka kafa a 2007, yana shirin haɓaka hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa a wannan yankin. '''Yawon shakatawa''' A cikin 2019, ECOWAS ta bayyana Ecotour Action Plan 2019 - 2029. Yana mai da hankali ne kan kariya da bunƙasa al'adun yawon buɗe ido, da haɓaka ci gaban ƙa'idodi, ƙa'idodi da tsarin sarrafawa. Tsarin ya hada da shirye-shirye guda biyar don aiwatarwa, da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin hanyoyin sanya idanu da kimantawa. Ba a bunƙasa keɓaɓɓiyar fata ta musamman ba, amma duk da haka an ambata cewa shirin yana da damar ƙirƙirar alaƙa tsakanin cibiyoyi da haɗin gwiwar masu ruwa da tsaki, don dacewa da ayyukan ecotourism waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga al'umma, bambancin halittu, da zamantakewar tattalin arziki. '''Duba kuma''' Tsarin katin launin ruwan kasa - tsarin inshorar mota na ECOWAS Africanungiyar Gabashin Afirka Tattalin Arzikin Afirka Hukumomin Gwamnati kan Cigaba Developmentungiyar Developmentasashen Afirka ta Kudu (SADC) Kasuwar Kasuwanci ta Gabas da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} iyjw3l8s9p5xhreetyy95pgx7m3h3re 549444 549443 2024-12-01T13:13:43Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549444 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Niagara watervallen canada.jpg|thumb|Niagara Falls]] {{hujja}} [[File:Ecowas Secretariat (56815788).jpeg|thumb|sakatariyar ecowas]] '''Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma,''' (Da Turanci '''ECOWAS''', da [[Faransanci]] '''CEDEAO'''), wanda aka fi sani da (CEDEAO a Faransanci), ƙungiyar siyasa da tattalin arziƙin yanki ce ta ƙasashe goma sha biyar da ke Yammacin Afirka. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan ƙasashe sun ƙunshi yanki na 5,114,162 km2 (1,974,589 sq mi), kuma a cikin 2015 suna da kimanin mutane sama da miliyan, 349. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1975, tare da sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ta Legas, tare da ayyukanta da aka bayyana don inganta haɗin tattalin arziƙi a duk yankin. An amince da sake fasalin yarjejeniyar da sanya hannu a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993 a Cotonou. Wanda aka yi la'akari da daya daga cikin ginshikan yanki na ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi Afirka baki daya (AEC), babban burin ƙungiyar ECOWAS shine a cimma "wadatar wadatar zuci" ga mambobinta ta hanyar kirkirar babbar ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta hanyar gina cikakken tattalin arziƙi da Ƙungiyar kwadago. ECOWAS din ma tana aiki a matsayin rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya a yankinta, inda a wasu lokuta ƙasashe mambobin kungiyar ke tura dakaru na haɗin gwiwa domin shiga tsakanin mambobin ƙungiyar a wasu lokuta na rashin zaman lafiyar siyasa da tashe tashen hankali. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoma baki a cikin Ivory Coast a 2003, Laberiya a 2003, Guinea-Bissau a 2012, Mali a 2013, da Gambiya a 2017. ECOWAS ta haɗa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu: Economic ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (wanda kuma aka sani da sunan Faransanci UEMOA) ƙungiya ce ta takwas, galibi masu jin Faransanci, jihohi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke raba ƙungiyar kwastam da ƙungiyar hada hadar kuɗi [faɗar da ake bukata]. An kafa shi a cikin 1994 kuma an yi niyya ne don daidaita ikon tattalin arziƙi masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ƙungiyar (kamar Nijeriya da Ghana), mambobin UEMOA galibi tsoffin yankuna ne na Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa. Kudin da duk suke amfani da shi shine CFA franc, wanda ke manne da euro. Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ), wanda aka kafa a 2000, ya ƙunshi ƙasashe shida mafi yawan masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin yin aiki don karɓar kuɗinsu na bai ɗaya, eco. Bugu da ƙari, ECOWAS ta hada da cibiyoyi masu zuwa: Hukumar ECOWAS, Kotun Al’umma ta Shari’a, [8] Majalisar Dokokin Al’umma, Bankin ECOWAS na Zuba Jari da Ci Gaban (EBID), [9] Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Afirka ta Yamma (WAHO), da kuma Rukunin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke yaki da safarar kudade da kuma bayar da Ta'addanci a Afirka ta Yamma (GIABA). ECOWAS tana aiki cikin yarukan haɗin gwiwa guda uku-Faransanci, Ingilishi, da Fotigal, kuma ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyu don aiwatar da manufofi: Hukumar ECOWAS da Bankin ECOWAS na saka hannun jari da ci gaba (EBID), wanda a da ake kira Asusun Hadin Kai har sai ta an sake masa suna a 2001. A 1976, Cape Verde ta shiga cikin ECOWAS, yayin da Mauritania ta janye a Disambar 2000, bayan da ta bayyana aniyarta na yin hakan a watan Disambar 1999. A cikin 2011, ECOWAS ta zartar da tsarin ci gabanta na shekaru goma masu zuwa, Ganin 2020, kuma, tare da ita, Manufofin Kimiyya da Fasaha (ECOPOST). Ƙasashen Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso sun sanar da ficewa daga ƙungiyar a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun 2024, lamarin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba tun bayan kafa kungiyar ECOWAS, inda suka yi zargin rashin taimakon kungiyar musamman ta fuskar ta’addanci da kuma zarginta da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS. tasirin ikon kasashen waje. {| class="wikitable" | == Contents == ·         1Member states ·         2Structure o    2.1Executive Secretaries and Presidents of the Commissions o    2.2Chairpersons o    2.3Regional security co-operation o    2.4Community Parliament o    2.5Expanded ECOWAS Commission o    2.6Community Court of Justice o    2.7Sporting and cultural exchange ·         3Economic integration o    3.1West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) §  3.1.1Membership o    3.2West African Monetary Zone §  3.2.1Membership ·         4Transport ·         5Tourism ·         6See also ·         7References ·         8External links |} '''Kasashen mambobi''' Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2017, ECOWAS tana da membobin kasashe 15; takwas daga cikinsu masu jin Faransanci ne, biyar kuma masu magana da Ingilishi ne, biyu kuma masu magana da yaren Fotigal. Duk mambobi na yanzu sun shiga cikin al'umma a matsayin membobin kafa a cikin Mayu 1975, banda Cape Verde wacce ta shiga cikin 1977. Tsohon memba na ECOWAS kawai shine mai magana da larabci Mauritania, wanda kuma yana daya daga cikin membobin da suka kafa kungiyar a shekarar 1975 kuma ta yanke shawarar ficewa a watan Disambar 2000. Kwanan nan Mauritania ta rattaba hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar zama memba a watan Agusta na 2017. A hukumance an nemi Morocco ta shiga ECOWAS a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017. An amince da aikace-aikacen ne bisa ka'ida a taron shugabannin kasashe a watan Yunin 2017, amma yunkurin Morocco na zama memba ya ci tura. Statididdiga don yawan jama'a, GDP maras ƙarfi da ikon GDP na ikon siye da aka jera a ƙasa an ɗauke su daga ƙididdigar Bankin Duniya na 2015, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba na 2016. An ciro bayanan yanki daga rahoton 2012 wanda sashin kididdiga na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tattara. '''ECOWAS Shiyyar Kasashe membobin kungiyar''' {| class="wikitable" |ECOWAS Zone A member statesCountryArea (km<sup>2</sup>)Population (thousands)GDP (nominal) (millions USD)GDP (PPP) (millions intl.$)CurrencyOfficial language Cabo Verde4,0335211,6033,413escudoPortuguese Gambia11,2951,9919393,344dalasiEnglish Guinea245,85712,6096,69915,244francFrench Guinea-Bissau36,1251,8441,0572,685CFA francPortuguese Liberia111,3694,5032,0533,762dollarEnglish Mali1,240,19217,60012,74735,695CFA francFrench Senegal196,71215,12913,61036,625CFA francFrench Sierra Leone72,3006,4534,21510,127leoneEnglishECOWAS Zone A total'''1,917,88360,55042,923110,895'''—— |} '''Asashe membobin ECOWAS Zone B''' {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |'''Country''' |'''Area''' '''(km<sup>2</sup>)''' |'''Population''' '''(thousands)''' |'''GDP (nominal)''' '''(millions USD)''' |'''GDP (PPP)''' '''(millions intl.$)''' |'''Currency''' |'''Official''' '''language''' |- |Benin |114,763 |10,880 |8,291 |22,377 |CFA franc |French |- |Burkina Faso |272,967 |18,106 |10,678 |30,708 |CFA franc |French |- |Ghana |238,533 |27,410 |37,543 |115,409 |cedi |English |- |Côte d'Ivoire |322,463 |22,702 |31,759 |79,766 |CFA franc |French |- |Niger |1,267,000 |19,899 |7,143 |19,013 |CFA franc |French |- |Nigeria |923,768 |182,202 |481,066 |1,093,921 |Naira |English |- |Togo |56,785 |7,305 |4,088 |10,667 |CFA franc |French |- |ECOWAS Zone B total |'''3,196,279''' |'''277,502''' |'''580,568''' |'''1,371,861''' |— |— |} |} '''Sakatarorin Zartarwa da Shugabannin kwamitocin''' {| class="wikitable sortable" !Executive Secretary !Country !In office |- |Inaugural holder Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara |Ivory Coast |January 1977 – 1985 |- |Momodu Munu |Sierra Leone |1985–1989 |- |Abass Bundu |Sierra Leone |1989–1993 |- |Édouard Benjamin |Guinea |1993–1997 |- |Lansana Kouyaté |Guinea |September 1997 – 31 January 2002 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 February 2002 – 31 December 2007 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 January 2007 – 18 February 2010 |- |James Victor Gbeho |Ghana |18 February 2010 – 1 March 2012 |- |Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo |Burkina Faso |1 March 2012 – 4 June 2016 |- |Marcel Alain de Souza |Benin |4 June 2016 – 1 March 2018 |- |Jean-Claude Brou |Ivory Coast |1 March 2018 – present |} '''Shugabanni''' {| class="wikitable" !hairperson !Country !In office |- |Yakubu Gowon |Nigeria |28 May 1975 – 29 July 1975 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |29 July 1975 – 13 September 1977 |- |Olusegun Obasanjo |Nigeria |13 September 1977 – 30 September 1979 |- |Léopold Sédar Senghor |Senegal |30 September 1979 – 31 December 1980 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1980–1981 |- |Siaka Stevens |Sierra Leone |1981–1982 |- |Mathieu Kérékou |Benin |1982–1983 |- |Ahmed Sékou Touré |Guinea |1983–1984 |- |Lansana Conté |Guinea |1984–1985 |- |Muhammadu Buhari |Nigeria |1985 – 27 August 1985 |- |Ibrahim Babangida |Nigeria |27 August 1985 – 1989 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1989–1990 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |1990–1991 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1991–1992 |- |Abdou Diouf |Senegal |1992–1993 |- |Nicéphore Soglo |Benin |1993–1994 |- |Jerry Rawlings |Ghana |1994 – 27 July 1996 |- |Sani Abacha |Nigeria |27 July 1996 – 8 June 1998 |- |Abdulsalami Abubakar |Nigeria |9 June 1998 – 1999 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1999 – 1999 |- |Alpha Oumar Konaré |Mali |1999 – 21 December 2001 |- |Abdoulaye Wade |Senegal |21 December 2001 – 31 January 2003 |- |John Kufuor |Ghana |31 January 2003 – 19 January 2005 |- |Mamadou Tandja |Niger |19 January 2005 – 19 January 2007 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |19 January 2007 – 19 December 2008 |- |Umaru Musa Yar'Adua |Nigeria |19 December 2008 – 18 February 2010 |- |Goodluck Jonathan |Nigeria |18 February 2010 – 17 February 2012 |- |Alassane Ouattara |Ivory Coast |17 February 2012 – 17 February 2013 |- |John Mahama |Ghana |17 February 2013 – 19 May 2015 |- |Macky Sall |Senegal |19 May 2015 – 4 June 2016 |- |Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |Liberia |4 June 2016 – 4 June 2017 |} '''Hadin gwiwar tsaro na yanki''' Duba kuma: Communityungiyar Kula da Economicungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka ECasashen ECOWAS sun ba da wata yarjejeniya ba ta zalunci ba a 1990 tare da yarjejeniyoyi biyu da aka yi a baya a 1978 da 1981. Sun kuma sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar kan Taimaka wa Kare Tsaron Juna a Freetown, Saliyo, a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1981, wanda ya tanadi kafa anungiyar Sojojin Kawance Ofarfin Al'umma. '''Majalisar Al'umma''' Majalisar Al'umma ta kunshi membobi 115, wadanda aka rarraba dangane da yawan kowace jiha. Wannan kwamitin yana karkashin Shugaban Majalisar ne, wanda ke sama da Sakatare Janar. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Country !Parliament Seats |- |Benin |5 |- |Burkina Faso |6 |- |Cape Verde |5 |- |Ivory Coast |7 |- |Gambia |5 |- |Ghana |8 |- |Guinea |6 |- |Guinea-Bissau |5 |- |Liberia |5 |- |Mali |6 |- |Niger |6 |- |Nigeria |35 |- |Senegal |6 |- |Sierra Leone |5 |- |Togo |5 |} '''An faɗaɗa Hukumar ECOWAS''' Karo na uku 3 tun bayan kafuwar ta a shekarar 1975, kungiyar ECOWAS na cikin sauye-sauyen hukumomi. Na farko shi ne lokacin da ta sake yarjejeniyarta a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993; na biyu shi ne a 2007 lokacin da Sakatariyar ta rikide zuwa Hukumar. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2013, yanzu ECOWAS tana da sabbin sassa guda shida (Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a; Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu; Makamashi da Ma'adanai; Sadarwa da IT; Ci gaban Masana'antu da Kamfanoni Masu Zaman Kansu. Kwamishinan Ghana sabon kundin tsarin mulki da Taro) '''Kotun Al'umma ta Shari'a Babban labarin''': Kotun ECOWAS Kotun Al’umma ta ECOWAS an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a 1991 sannan daga baya aka sanya ta a cikin Mataki na 6 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara na Communityungiyar a 1993. Koyaya, Kotun ba ta fara aiki a hukumance ba har sai yarjejeniyar 1991 ta fara aiki a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1996. An bayyana ikon kotun a cikin Mataki na 9 da Mataki na 76 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara kuma tana ba da damar yanke hukunci a kan rikice-rikice tsakanin jihohi game da fassarar Revised Yarjejeniya. Hakanan tana ba Majalisar ECOWAS shawarwari na nasiha game da lamuran doka (Mataki na 10). Kamar kotunan abokanta, Kotun Turai na 'Yancin Dan-Adam da Kotun Afirka ta Gabas ta Afirka, tana da ikon yanke hukunci kan muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi take hakkin dan adam. '''Wasanni da musayar al'adu''' ECasashen ECOWAS suna shirya abubuwa da yawa na al'adu da wasanni a ƙarƙashin kulawar jiki, ciki har da Kofin CEDEAO a ƙwallon ƙafa, Wasannin ECOWAS na 2012 da kuma Miss CEDEAO kyakkyawar sarauta. '''Hadin kan tattalin arziki''' Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi da Kuɗi ta Afirka ta Yamma (UEMOA) Duba kuma: CFA franc da Tattalin Arziƙi da ƙungiyar kuɗi UEMOA WAMZ ECOWAS kawai (Cape Verde) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAEMU, wanda aka fi sani da UEMOA daga sunanta a Faransanci, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) ƙungiya ce ta mutane takwas, galibi ƙasashen yammacin Afirka masu amfani da harshen Faransanci a cikin ECOWAS, waɗanda aka mamaye ba haka ba. ta manyan masu nauyi kamar Najeriya da Ghana. An kafa ta ne don inganta haɗin tattalin arziki tsakanin ƙasashen da ke raba CFA franc a matsayin kuɗaɗen waje. UEMOA an kirkireshi ne ta wata yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a Dakar, Senegal, a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1994, daga shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocin Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, da Togo. A ranar 2 ga Mayu 1997, Guinea-Bissau, tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Fotigal, ta zama memba na takwas (kuma kawai ba mara amfani da yaren Faransanci) UEMOA ƙungiya ce ta kwastan da haɗin kuɗin tsakanin mambobin ECOWAS. Manufofin ta sun hada da: Gasar tattalin arziki mafi girma, ta hanyar buɗe kasuwanni, ban da fa'ida da daidaita yanayin shari'a Haɗin manufofin tattalin arziƙi da alamomi Kirkirar kasuwa daya Daidaita manufofin bangarori Daidaita manufofin kasafin kudi Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu, UEMOA ta sami nasarar aiwatar da ƙa'idodin haɗakar tattalin arziki da ingantacciyar hanyar sa ido. Ta karɓi ƙungiyar kwastan da jadawalin kuɗin fito na waje kuma ta haɗu da ƙa'idodin haraji kai tsaye, ban da ƙaddamar da manufofin yanki da ɓangarori. Wani bincike na IMF a watan Satumbar 2002 ya ambaci UEMOA a matsayin "mafi nisa a kan hanyar hadewa" na dukkan kungiyoyin yankin a Afirka. ECOWAS da UEMOA sun samar da tsari na bai daya game da sassaucin kasuwanci da hada-hadar manufofin tattalin arziki. Kungiyoyin sun kuma amince da ka'idoji iri daya na asali don bunkasa kasuwanci, sannan ECOWAS ta amince da daukar UEMOA tsarin kwastam da hanyoyin biyan diyya. '''Membobinsu''' * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) *'''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka''' *Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco. Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. ==== Membobin su ==== * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) '''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka.''' Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco.Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. '''Sufuri''' Babban labarin: Jirgin ECOWAS Wani aikin Trans-ECOWAS, wanda aka kafa a 2007, yana shirin haɓaka hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa a wannan yankin. '''Yawon shakatawa''' A cikin 2019, ECOWAS ta bayyana Ecotour Action Plan 2019 - 2029. Yana mai da hankali ne kan kariya da bunƙasa al'adun yawon buɗe ido, da haɓaka ci gaban ƙa'idodi, ƙa'idodi da tsarin sarrafawa. Tsarin ya hada da shirye-shirye guda biyar don aiwatarwa, da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin hanyoyin sanya idanu da kimantawa. Ba a bunƙasa keɓaɓɓiyar fata ta musamman ba, amma duk da haka an ambata cewa shirin yana da damar ƙirƙirar alaƙa tsakanin cibiyoyi da haɗin gwiwar masu ruwa da tsaki, don dacewa da ayyukan ecotourism waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga al'umma, bambancin halittu, da zamantakewar tattalin arziki. '''Duba kuma''' Tsarin katin launin ruwan kasa - tsarin inshorar mota na ECOWAS Africanungiyar Gabashin Afirka Tattalin Arzikin Afirka Hukumomin Gwamnati kan Cigaba Developmentungiyar Developmentasashen Afirka ta Kudu (SADC) Kasuwar Kasuwanci ta Gabas da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} 4o0c05obprza8vqsc3ko0j8gei62ih8 549445 549444 2024-12-01T13:14:05Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549445 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Niagara watervallen canada.jpg|thumb|Niagara Falls]] {{hujja}} [[File:Ecowas Secretariat (56815788).jpeg|thumb|sakatariyar ecowas]] '''Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma,''' (Da Turanci '''ECOWAS''', da [[Faransanci]] '''CEDEAO'''), wanda aka fi sani da (CEDEAO a Faransanci), ƙungiyar siyasa da tattalin arziƙin yanki ce ta ƙasashe goma sha biyar da ke Yammacin Afirka. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan ƙasashe sun ƙunshi yanki na 5,114,162 km2 (1,974,589 sq mi), kuma a cikin 2015 suna da kimanin mutane sama da miliyan, 349. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1975, tare da sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ta Legas, tare da ayyukanta da aka bayyana don inganta haɗin tattalin arziƙi a duk yankin. An amince da sake fasalin yarjejeniyar da sanya hannu a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993 a Cotonou. Wanda aka yi la'akari da daya daga cikin ginshikan yanki na ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi Afirka baki daya (AEC), babban burin ƙungiyar ECOWAS shine a cimma "wadatar wadatar zuci" ga mambobinta ta hanyar kirkirar babbar ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta hanyar gina cikakken tattalin arziƙi da Ƙungiyar kwadago. ECOWAS din ma tana aiki a matsayin rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya a yankinta, inda a wasu lokuta ƙasashe mambobin kungiyar ke tura dakaru na haɗin gwiwa domin shiga tsakanin mambobin ƙungiyar a wasu lokuta na rashin zaman lafiyar siyasa da tashe tashen hankali. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoma baki a cikin Ivory Coast a 2003, Laberiya a 2003, Guinea-Bissau a 2012, Mali a 2013, da Gambiya a 2017. ECOWAS ta haɗa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu: Economic ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (wanda kuma aka sani da sunan Faransanci UEMOA) ƙungiya ce ta takwas, galibi masu jin Faransanci, jihohi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke raba ƙungiyar kwastam da ƙungiyar hada hadar kuɗi [faɗar da ake bukata]. An kafa shi a cikin 1994 kuma an yi niyya ne don daidaita ikon tattalin arziƙi masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ƙungiyar (kamar Nijeriya da Ghana), mambobin UEMOA galibi tsoffin yankuna ne na Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa. Kudin da duk suke amfani da shi shine CFA franc, wanda ke manne da euro. Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ), wanda aka kafa a 2000, ya ƙunshi ƙasashe shida mafi yawan masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin yin aiki don karɓar kuɗinsu na bai ɗaya, eco. Bugu da ƙari, ECOWAS ta hada da cibiyoyi masu zuwa: Hukumar ECOWAS, Kotun Al’umma ta Shari’a, [8] Majalisar Dokokin Al’umma, Bankin ECOWAS na Zuba Jari da Ci Gaban (EBID), [9] Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Afirka ta Yamma (WAHO), da kuma Rukunin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke yaki da safarar kuɗaɗe da kuma bayar da Ta'addanci a Afirka ta Yamma (GIABA). ECOWAS tana aiki cikin yarukan haɗin gwiwa guda uku-Faransanci, Ingilishi, da Fotigal, kuma ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyu don aiwatar da manufofi: Hukumar ECOWAS da Bankin ECOWAS na saka hannun jari da ci gaba (EBID), wanda a da ake kira Asusun Hadin Kai har sai ta an sake masa suna a 2001. A 1976, Cape Verde ta shiga cikin ECOWAS, yayin da Mauritania ta janye a Disambar 2000, bayan da ta bayyana aniyarta na yin hakan a watan Disambar 1999. A cikin 2011, ECOWAS ta zartar da tsarin ci gabanta na shekaru goma masu zuwa, Ganin 2020, kuma, tare da ita, Manufofin Kimiyya da Fasaha (ECOPOST). Ƙasashen Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso sun sanar da ficewa daga ƙungiyar a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun 2024, lamarin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba tun bayan kafa kungiyar ECOWAS, inda suka yi zargin rashin taimakon kungiyar musamman ta fuskar ta’addanci da kuma zarginta da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS. tasirin ikon kasashen waje. {| class="wikitable" | == Contents == ·         1Member states ·         2Structure o    2.1Executive Secretaries and Presidents of the Commissions o    2.2Chairpersons o    2.3Regional security co-operation o    2.4Community Parliament o    2.5Expanded ECOWAS Commission o    2.6Community Court of Justice o    2.7Sporting and cultural exchange ·         3Economic integration o    3.1West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) §  3.1.1Membership o    3.2West African Monetary Zone §  3.2.1Membership ·         4Transport ·         5Tourism ·         6See also ·         7References ·         8External links |} '''Kasashen mambobi''' Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2017, ECOWAS tana da membobin kasashe 15; takwas daga cikinsu masu jin Faransanci ne, biyar kuma masu magana da Ingilishi ne, biyu kuma masu magana da yaren Fotigal. Duk mambobi na yanzu sun shiga cikin al'umma a matsayin membobin kafa a cikin Mayu 1975, banda Cape Verde wacce ta shiga cikin 1977. Tsohon memba na ECOWAS kawai shine mai magana da larabci Mauritania, wanda kuma yana daya daga cikin membobin da suka kafa kungiyar a shekarar 1975 kuma ta yanke shawarar ficewa a watan Disambar 2000. Kwanan nan Mauritania ta rattaba hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar zama memba a watan Agusta na 2017. A hukumance an nemi Morocco ta shiga ECOWAS a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017. An amince da aikace-aikacen ne bisa ka'ida a taron shugabannin kasashe a watan Yunin 2017, amma yunkurin Morocco na zama memba ya ci tura. Statididdiga don yawan jama'a, GDP maras ƙarfi da ikon GDP na ikon siye da aka jera a ƙasa an ɗauke su daga ƙididdigar Bankin Duniya na 2015, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba na 2016. An ciro bayanan yanki daga rahoton 2012 wanda sashin kididdiga na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tattara. '''ECOWAS Shiyyar Kasashe membobin kungiyar''' {| class="wikitable" |ECOWAS Zone A member statesCountryArea (km<sup>2</sup>)Population (thousands)GDP (nominal) (millions USD)GDP (PPP) (millions intl.$)CurrencyOfficial language Cabo Verde4,0335211,6033,413escudoPortuguese Gambia11,2951,9919393,344dalasiEnglish Guinea245,85712,6096,69915,244francFrench Guinea-Bissau36,1251,8441,0572,685CFA francPortuguese Liberia111,3694,5032,0533,762dollarEnglish Mali1,240,19217,60012,74735,695CFA francFrench Senegal196,71215,12913,61036,625CFA francFrench Sierra Leone72,3006,4534,21510,127leoneEnglishECOWAS Zone A total'''1,917,88360,55042,923110,895'''—— |} '''Asashe membobin ECOWAS Zone B''' {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |'''Country''' |'''Area''' '''(km<sup>2</sup>)''' |'''Population''' '''(thousands)''' |'''GDP (nominal)''' '''(millions USD)''' |'''GDP (PPP)''' '''(millions intl.$)''' |'''Currency''' |'''Official''' '''language''' |- |Benin |114,763 |10,880 |8,291 |22,377 |CFA franc |French |- |Burkina Faso |272,967 |18,106 |10,678 |30,708 |CFA franc |French |- |Ghana |238,533 |27,410 |37,543 |115,409 |cedi |English |- |Côte d'Ivoire |322,463 |22,702 |31,759 |79,766 |CFA franc |French |- |Niger |1,267,000 |19,899 |7,143 |19,013 |CFA franc |French |- |Nigeria |923,768 |182,202 |481,066 |1,093,921 |Naira |English |- |Togo |56,785 |7,305 |4,088 |10,667 |CFA franc |French |- |ECOWAS Zone B total |'''3,196,279''' |'''277,502''' |'''580,568''' |'''1,371,861''' |— |— |} |} '''Sakatarorin Zartarwa da Shugabannin kwamitocin''' {| class="wikitable sortable" !Executive Secretary !Country !In office |- |Inaugural holder Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara |Ivory Coast |January 1977 – 1985 |- |Momodu Munu |Sierra Leone |1985–1989 |- |Abass Bundu |Sierra Leone |1989–1993 |- |Édouard Benjamin |Guinea |1993–1997 |- |Lansana Kouyaté |Guinea |September 1997 – 31 January 2002 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 February 2002 – 31 December 2007 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 January 2007 – 18 February 2010 |- |James Victor Gbeho |Ghana |18 February 2010 – 1 March 2012 |- |Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo |Burkina Faso |1 March 2012 – 4 June 2016 |- |Marcel Alain de Souza |Benin |4 June 2016 – 1 March 2018 |- |Jean-Claude Brou |Ivory Coast |1 March 2018 – present |} '''Shugabanni''' {| class="wikitable" !hairperson !Country !In office |- |Yakubu Gowon |Nigeria |28 May 1975 – 29 July 1975 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |29 July 1975 – 13 September 1977 |- |Olusegun Obasanjo |Nigeria |13 September 1977 – 30 September 1979 |- |Léopold Sédar Senghor |Senegal |30 September 1979 – 31 December 1980 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1980–1981 |- |Siaka Stevens |Sierra Leone |1981–1982 |- |Mathieu Kérékou |Benin |1982–1983 |- |Ahmed Sékou Touré |Guinea |1983–1984 |- |Lansana Conté |Guinea |1984–1985 |- |Muhammadu Buhari |Nigeria |1985 – 27 August 1985 |- |Ibrahim Babangida |Nigeria |27 August 1985 – 1989 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1989–1990 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |1990–1991 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1991–1992 |- |Abdou Diouf |Senegal |1992–1993 |- |Nicéphore Soglo |Benin |1993–1994 |- |Jerry Rawlings |Ghana |1994 – 27 July 1996 |- |Sani Abacha |Nigeria |27 July 1996 – 8 June 1998 |- |Abdulsalami Abubakar |Nigeria |9 June 1998 – 1999 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1999 – 1999 |- |Alpha Oumar Konaré |Mali |1999 – 21 December 2001 |- |Abdoulaye Wade |Senegal |21 December 2001 – 31 January 2003 |- |John Kufuor |Ghana |31 January 2003 – 19 January 2005 |- |Mamadou Tandja |Niger |19 January 2005 – 19 January 2007 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |19 January 2007 – 19 December 2008 |- |Umaru Musa Yar'Adua |Nigeria |19 December 2008 – 18 February 2010 |- |Goodluck Jonathan |Nigeria |18 February 2010 – 17 February 2012 |- |Alassane Ouattara |Ivory Coast |17 February 2012 – 17 February 2013 |- |John Mahama |Ghana |17 February 2013 – 19 May 2015 |- |Macky Sall |Senegal |19 May 2015 – 4 June 2016 |- |Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |Liberia |4 June 2016 – 4 June 2017 |} '''Hadin gwiwar tsaro na yanki''' Duba kuma: Communityungiyar Kula da Economicungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka ECasashen ECOWAS sun ba da wata yarjejeniya ba ta zalunci ba a 1990 tare da yarjejeniyoyi biyu da aka yi a baya a 1978 da 1981. Sun kuma sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar kan Taimaka wa Kare Tsaron Juna a Freetown, Saliyo, a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1981, wanda ya tanadi kafa anungiyar Sojojin Kawance Ofarfin Al'umma. '''Majalisar Al'umma''' Majalisar Al'umma ta kunshi membobi 115, wadanda aka rarraba dangane da yawan kowace jiha. Wannan kwamitin yana karkashin Shugaban Majalisar ne, wanda ke sama da Sakatare Janar. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Country !Parliament Seats |- |Benin |5 |- |Burkina Faso |6 |- |Cape Verde |5 |- |Ivory Coast |7 |- |Gambia |5 |- |Ghana |8 |- |Guinea |6 |- |Guinea-Bissau |5 |- |Liberia |5 |- |Mali |6 |- |Niger |6 |- |Nigeria |35 |- |Senegal |6 |- |Sierra Leone |5 |- |Togo |5 |} '''An faɗaɗa Hukumar ECOWAS''' Karo na uku 3 tun bayan kafuwar ta a shekarar 1975, kungiyar ECOWAS na cikin sauye-sauyen hukumomi. Na farko shi ne lokacin da ta sake yarjejeniyarta a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993; na biyu shi ne a 2007 lokacin da Sakatariyar ta rikide zuwa Hukumar. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2013, yanzu ECOWAS tana da sabbin sassa guda shida (Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a; Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu; Makamashi da Ma'adanai; Sadarwa da IT; Ci gaban Masana'antu da Kamfanoni Masu Zaman Kansu. Kwamishinan Ghana sabon kundin tsarin mulki da Taro) '''Kotun Al'umma ta Shari'a Babban labarin''': Kotun ECOWAS Kotun Al’umma ta ECOWAS an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a 1991 sannan daga baya aka sanya ta a cikin Mataki na 6 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara na Communityungiyar a 1993. Koyaya, Kotun ba ta fara aiki a hukumance ba har sai yarjejeniyar 1991 ta fara aiki a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1996. An bayyana ikon kotun a cikin Mataki na 9 da Mataki na 76 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara kuma tana ba da damar yanke hukunci a kan rikice-rikice tsakanin jihohi game da fassarar Revised Yarjejeniya. Hakanan tana ba Majalisar ECOWAS shawarwari na nasiha game da lamuran doka (Mataki na 10). Kamar kotunan abokanta, Kotun Turai na 'Yancin Dan-Adam da Kotun Afirka ta Gabas ta Afirka, tana da ikon yanke hukunci kan muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi take hakkin dan adam. '''Wasanni da musayar al'adu''' ECasashen ECOWAS suna shirya abubuwa da yawa na al'adu da wasanni a ƙarƙashin kulawar jiki, ciki har da Kofin CEDEAO a ƙwallon ƙafa, Wasannin ECOWAS na 2012 da kuma Miss CEDEAO kyakkyawar sarauta. '''Hadin kan tattalin arziki''' Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi da Kuɗi ta Afirka ta Yamma (UEMOA) Duba kuma: CFA franc da Tattalin Arziƙi da ƙungiyar kuɗi UEMOA WAMZ ECOWAS kawai (Cape Verde) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAEMU, wanda aka fi sani da UEMOA daga sunanta a Faransanci, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) ƙungiya ce ta mutane takwas, galibi ƙasashen yammacin Afirka masu amfani da harshen Faransanci a cikin ECOWAS, waɗanda aka mamaye ba haka ba. ta manyan masu nauyi kamar Najeriya da Ghana. An kafa ta ne don inganta haɗin tattalin arziki tsakanin ƙasashen da ke raba CFA franc a matsayin kuɗaɗen waje. UEMOA an kirkireshi ne ta wata yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a Dakar, Senegal, a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1994, daga shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocin Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, da Togo. A ranar 2 ga Mayu 1997, Guinea-Bissau, tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Fotigal, ta zama memba na takwas (kuma kawai ba mara amfani da yaren Faransanci) UEMOA ƙungiya ce ta kwastan da haɗin kuɗin tsakanin mambobin ECOWAS. Manufofin ta sun hada da: Gasar tattalin arziki mafi girma, ta hanyar buɗe kasuwanni, ban da fa'ida da daidaita yanayin shari'a Haɗin manufofin tattalin arziƙi da alamomi Kirkirar kasuwa daya Daidaita manufofin bangarori Daidaita manufofin kasafin kudi Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu, UEMOA ta sami nasarar aiwatar da ƙa'idodin haɗakar tattalin arziki da ingantacciyar hanyar sa ido. Ta karɓi ƙungiyar kwastan da jadawalin kuɗin fito na waje kuma ta haɗu da ƙa'idodin haraji kai tsaye, ban da ƙaddamar da manufofin yanki da ɓangarori. Wani bincike na IMF a watan Satumbar 2002 ya ambaci UEMOA a matsayin "mafi nisa a kan hanyar hadewa" na dukkan kungiyoyin yankin a Afirka. ECOWAS da UEMOA sun samar da tsari na bai daya game da sassaucin kasuwanci da hada-hadar manufofin tattalin arziki. Kungiyoyin sun kuma amince da ka'idoji iri daya na asali don bunkasa kasuwanci, sannan ECOWAS ta amince da daukar UEMOA tsarin kwastam da hanyoyin biyan diyya. '''Membobinsu''' * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) *'''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka''' *Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco. Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. ==== Membobin su ==== * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) '''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka.''' Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco.Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. '''Sufuri''' Babban labarin: Jirgin ECOWAS Wani aikin Trans-ECOWAS, wanda aka kafa a 2007, yana shirin haɓaka hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa a wannan yankin. '''Yawon shakatawa''' A cikin 2019, ECOWAS ta bayyana Ecotour Action Plan 2019 - 2029. Yana mai da hankali ne kan kariya da bunƙasa al'adun yawon buɗe ido, da haɓaka ci gaban ƙa'idodi, ƙa'idodi da tsarin sarrafawa. Tsarin ya hada da shirye-shirye guda biyar don aiwatarwa, da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin hanyoyin sanya idanu da kimantawa. Ba a bunƙasa keɓaɓɓiyar fata ta musamman ba, amma duk da haka an ambata cewa shirin yana da damar ƙirƙirar alaƙa tsakanin cibiyoyi da haɗin gwiwar masu ruwa da tsaki, don dacewa da ayyukan ecotourism waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga al'umma, bambancin halittu, da zamantakewar tattalin arziki. '''Duba kuma''' Tsarin katin launin ruwan kasa - tsarin inshorar mota na ECOWAS Africanungiyar Gabashin Afirka Tattalin Arzikin Afirka Hukumomin Gwamnati kan Cigaba Developmentungiyar Developmentasashen Afirka ta Kudu (SADC) Kasuwar Kasuwanci ta Gabas da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} 6jezu8fxpk28qlb8p81eu7gyigmsir3 549446 549445 2024-12-01T13:14:22Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549446 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Niagara watervallen canada.jpg|thumb|Niagara Falls]] {{hujja}} [[File:Ecowas Secretariat (56815788).jpeg|thumb|sakatariyar ecowas]] '''Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma,''' (Da Turanci '''ECOWAS''', da [[Faransanci]] '''CEDEAO'''), wanda aka fi sani da (CEDEAO a Faransanci), ƙungiyar siyasa da tattalin arziƙin yanki ce ta ƙasashe goma sha biyar da ke Yammacin Afirka. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan ƙasashe sun ƙunshi yanki na 5,114,162 km2 (1,974,589 sq mi), kuma a cikin 2015 suna da kimanin mutane sama da miliyan, 349. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1975, tare da sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ta Legas, tare da ayyukanta da aka bayyana don inganta haɗin tattalin arziƙi a duk yankin. An amince da sake fasalin yarjejeniyar da sanya hannu a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993 a Cotonou. Wanda aka yi la'akari da daya daga cikin ginshikan yanki na ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi Afirka baki daya (AEC), babban burin ƙungiyar ECOWAS shine a cimma "wadatar wadatar zuci" ga mambobinta ta hanyar kirkirar babbar ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta hanyar gina cikakken tattalin arziƙi da Ƙungiyar kwadago. ECOWAS din ma tana aiki a matsayin rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya a yankinta, inda a wasu lokuta ƙasashe mambobin kungiyar ke tura dakaru na haɗin gwiwa domin shiga tsakanin mambobin ƙungiyar a wasu lokuta na rashin zaman lafiyar siyasa da tashe tashen hankali. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoma baki a cikin Ivory Coast a 2003, Laberiya a 2003, Guinea-Bissau a 2012, Mali a 2013, da Gambiya a 2017. ECOWAS ta haɗa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu: Economic ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (wanda kuma aka sani da sunan Faransanci UEMOA) ƙungiya ce ta takwas, galibi masu jin Faransanci, jihohi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke raba ƙungiyar kwastam da ƙungiyar hada hadar kuɗi [faɗar da ake bukata]. An kafa shi a cikin 1994 kuma an yi niyya ne don daidaita ikon tattalin arziƙi masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ƙungiyar (kamar Nijeriya da Ghana), mambobin UEMOA galibi tsoffin yankuna ne na Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa. Kudin da duk suke amfani da shi shine CFA franc, wanda ke manne da euro. Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ), wanda aka kafa a 2000, ya ƙunshi ƙasashe shida mafi yawan masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin yin aiki don karɓar kuɗinsu na bai ɗaya, eco. Bugu da ƙari, ECOWAS ta haɗa da cibiyoyi masu zuwa: Hukumar ECOWAS, Kotun Al’umma ta Shari’a, [8] Majalisar Dokokin Al’umma, Bankin ECOWAS na Zuba Jari da Ci Gaban (EBID), [9] Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Afirka ta Yamma (WAHO), da kuma Rukunin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke yaki da safarar kuɗaɗe da kuma bayar da Ta'addanci a Afirka ta Yamma (GIABA). ECOWAS tana aiki cikin yarukan haɗin gwiwa guda uku-Faransanci, Ingilishi, da Fotigal, kuma ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyu don aiwatar da manufofi: Hukumar ECOWAS da Bankin ECOWAS na saka hannun jari da ci gaba (EBID), wanda a da ake kira Asusun Haɗin Kai har sai ta an sake masa suna a 2001. A 1976, Cape Verde ta shiga cikin ECOWAS, yayin da Mauritania ta janye a Disambar 2000, bayan da ta bayyana aniyarta na yin hakan a watan Disambar 1999. A cikin 2011, ECOWAS ta zartar da tsarin ci gabanta na shekaru goma masu zuwa, Ganin 2020, kuma, tare da ita, Manufofin Kimiyya da Fasaha (ECOPOST). Ƙasashen Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso sun sanar da ficewa daga ƙungiyar a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun 2024, lamarin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba tun bayan kafa kungiyar ECOWAS, inda suka yi zargin rashin taimakon kungiyar musamman ta fuskar ta’addanci da kuma zarginta da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS. tasirin ikon kasashen waje. {| class="wikitable" | == Contents == ·         1Member states ·         2Structure o    2.1Executive Secretaries and Presidents of the Commissions o    2.2Chairpersons o    2.3Regional security co-operation o    2.4Community Parliament o    2.5Expanded ECOWAS Commission o    2.6Community Court of Justice o    2.7Sporting and cultural exchange ·         3Economic integration o    3.1West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) §  3.1.1Membership o    3.2West African Monetary Zone §  3.2.1Membership ·         4Transport ·         5Tourism ·         6See also ·         7References ·         8External links |} '''Kasashen mambobi''' Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2017, ECOWAS tana da membobin kasashe 15; takwas daga cikinsu masu jin Faransanci ne, biyar kuma masu magana da Ingilishi ne, biyu kuma masu magana da yaren Fotigal. Duk mambobi na yanzu sun shiga cikin al'umma a matsayin membobin kafa a cikin Mayu 1975, banda Cape Verde wacce ta shiga cikin 1977. Tsohon memba na ECOWAS kawai shine mai magana da larabci Mauritania, wanda kuma yana daya daga cikin membobin da suka kafa kungiyar a shekarar 1975 kuma ta yanke shawarar ficewa a watan Disambar 2000. Kwanan nan Mauritania ta rattaba hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar zama memba a watan Agusta na 2017. A hukumance an nemi Morocco ta shiga ECOWAS a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017. An amince da aikace-aikacen ne bisa ka'ida a taron shugabannin kasashe a watan Yunin 2017, amma yunkurin Morocco na zama memba ya ci tura. Statididdiga don yawan jama'a, GDP maras ƙarfi da ikon GDP na ikon siye da aka jera a ƙasa an ɗauke su daga ƙididdigar Bankin Duniya na 2015, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba na 2016. An ciro bayanan yanki daga rahoton 2012 wanda sashin kididdiga na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tattara. '''ECOWAS Shiyyar Kasashe membobin kungiyar''' {| class="wikitable" |ECOWAS Zone A member statesCountryArea (km<sup>2</sup>)Population (thousands)GDP (nominal) (millions USD)GDP (PPP) (millions intl.$)CurrencyOfficial language Cabo Verde4,0335211,6033,413escudoPortuguese Gambia11,2951,9919393,344dalasiEnglish Guinea245,85712,6096,69915,244francFrench Guinea-Bissau36,1251,8441,0572,685CFA francPortuguese Liberia111,3694,5032,0533,762dollarEnglish Mali1,240,19217,60012,74735,695CFA francFrench Senegal196,71215,12913,61036,625CFA francFrench Sierra Leone72,3006,4534,21510,127leoneEnglishECOWAS Zone A total'''1,917,88360,55042,923110,895'''—— |} '''Asashe membobin ECOWAS Zone B''' {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |'''Country''' |'''Area''' '''(km<sup>2</sup>)''' |'''Population''' '''(thousands)''' |'''GDP (nominal)''' '''(millions USD)''' |'''GDP (PPP)''' '''(millions intl.$)''' |'''Currency''' |'''Official''' '''language''' |- |Benin |114,763 |10,880 |8,291 |22,377 |CFA franc |French |- |Burkina Faso |272,967 |18,106 |10,678 |30,708 |CFA franc |French |- |Ghana |238,533 |27,410 |37,543 |115,409 |cedi |English |- |Côte d'Ivoire |322,463 |22,702 |31,759 |79,766 |CFA franc |French |- |Niger |1,267,000 |19,899 |7,143 |19,013 |CFA franc |French |- |Nigeria |923,768 |182,202 |481,066 |1,093,921 |Naira |English |- |Togo |56,785 |7,305 |4,088 |10,667 |CFA franc |French |- |ECOWAS Zone B total |'''3,196,279''' |'''277,502''' |'''580,568''' |'''1,371,861''' |— |— |} |} '''Sakatarorin Zartarwa da Shugabannin kwamitocin''' {| class="wikitable sortable" !Executive Secretary !Country !In office |- |Inaugural holder Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara |Ivory Coast |January 1977 – 1985 |- |Momodu Munu |Sierra Leone |1985–1989 |- |Abass Bundu |Sierra Leone |1989–1993 |- |Édouard Benjamin |Guinea |1993–1997 |- |Lansana Kouyaté |Guinea |September 1997 – 31 January 2002 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 February 2002 – 31 December 2007 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 January 2007 – 18 February 2010 |- |James Victor Gbeho |Ghana |18 February 2010 – 1 March 2012 |- |Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo |Burkina Faso |1 March 2012 – 4 June 2016 |- |Marcel Alain de Souza |Benin |4 June 2016 – 1 March 2018 |- |Jean-Claude Brou |Ivory Coast |1 March 2018 – present |} '''Shugabanni''' {| class="wikitable" !hairperson !Country !In office |- |Yakubu Gowon |Nigeria |28 May 1975 – 29 July 1975 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |29 July 1975 – 13 September 1977 |- |Olusegun Obasanjo |Nigeria |13 September 1977 – 30 September 1979 |- |Léopold Sédar Senghor |Senegal |30 September 1979 – 31 December 1980 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1980–1981 |- |Siaka Stevens |Sierra Leone |1981–1982 |- |Mathieu Kérékou |Benin |1982–1983 |- |Ahmed Sékou Touré |Guinea |1983–1984 |- |Lansana Conté |Guinea |1984–1985 |- |Muhammadu Buhari |Nigeria |1985 – 27 August 1985 |- |Ibrahim Babangida |Nigeria |27 August 1985 – 1989 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1989–1990 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |1990–1991 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1991–1992 |- |Abdou Diouf |Senegal |1992–1993 |- |Nicéphore Soglo |Benin |1993–1994 |- |Jerry Rawlings |Ghana |1994 – 27 July 1996 |- |Sani Abacha |Nigeria |27 July 1996 – 8 June 1998 |- |Abdulsalami Abubakar |Nigeria |9 June 1998 – 1999 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1999 – 1999 |- |Alpha Oumar Konaré |Mali |1999 – 21 December 2001 |- |Abdoulaye Wade |Senegal |21 December 2001 – 31 January 2003 |- |John Kufuor |Ghana |31 January 2003 – 19 January 2005 |- |Mamadou Tandja |Niger |19 January 2005 – 19 January 2007 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |19 January 2007 – 19 December 2008 |- |Umaru Musa Yar'Adua |Nigeria |19 December 2008 – 18 February 2010 |- |Goodluck Jonathan |Nigeria |18 February 2010 – 17 February 2012 |- |Alassane Ouattara |Ivory Coast |17 February 2012 – 17 February 2013 |- |John Mahama |Ghana |17 February 2013 – 19 May 2015 |- |Macky Sall |Senegal |19 May 2015 – 4 June 2016 |- |Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |Liberia |4 June 2016 – 4 June 2017 |} '''Hadin gwiwar tsaro na yanki''' Duba kuma: Communityungiyar Kula da Economicungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka ECasashen ECOWAS sun ba da wata yarjejeniya ba ta zalunci ba a 1990 tare da yarjejeniyoyi biyu da aka yi a baya a 1978 da 1981. Sun kuma sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar kan Taimaka wa Kare Tsaron Juna a Freetown, Saliyo, a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1981, wanda ya tanadi kafa anungiyar Sojojin Kawance Ofarfin Al'umma. '''Majalisar Al'umma''' Majalisar Al'umma ta kunshi membobi 115, wadanda aka rarraba dangane da yawan kowace jiha. Wannan kwamitin yana karkashin Shugaban Majalisar ne, wanda ke sama da Sakatare Janar. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Country !Parliament Seats |- |Benin |5 |- |Burkina Faso |6 |- |Cape Verde |5 |- |Ivory Coast |7 |- |Gambia |5 |- |Ghana |8 |- |Guinea |6 |- |Guinea-Bissau |5 |- |Liberia |5 |- |Mali |6 |- |Niger |6 |- |Nigeria |35 |- |Senegal |6 |- |Sierra Leone |5 |- |Togo |5 |} '''An faɗaɗa Hukumar ECOWAS''' Karo na uku 3 tun bayan kafuwar ta a shekarar 1975, kungiyar ECOWAS na cikin sauye-sauyen hukumomi. Na farko shi ne lokacin da ta sake yarjejeniyarta a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993; na biyu shi ne a 2007 lokacin da Sakatariyar ta rikide zuwa Hukumar. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2013, yanzu ECOWAS tana da sabbin sassa guda shida (Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a; Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu; Makamashi da Ma'adanai; Sadarwa da IT; Ci gaban Masana'antu da Kamfanoni Masu Zaman Kansu. Kwamishinan Ghana sabon kundin tsarin mulki da Taro) '''Kotun Al'umma ta Shari'a Babban labarin''': Kotun ECOWAS Kotun Al’umma ta ECOWAS an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a 1991 sannan daga baya aka sanya ta a cikin Mataki na 6 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara na Communityungiyar a 1993. Koyaya, Kotun ba ta fara aiki a hukumance ba har sai yarjejeniyar 1991 ta fara aiki a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1996. An bayyana ikon kotun a cikin Mataki na 9 da Mataki na 76 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara kuma tana ba da damar yanke hukunci a kan rikice-rikice tsakanin jihohi game da fassarar Revised Yarjejeniya. Hakanan tana ba Majalisar ECOWAS shawarwari na nasiha game da lamuran doka (Mataki na 10). Kamar kotunan abokanta, Kotun Turai na 'Yancin Dan-Adam da Kotun Afirka ta Gabas ta Afirka, tana da ikon yanke hukunci kan muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi take hakkin dan adam. '''Wasanni da musayar al'adu''' ECasashen ECOWAS suna shirya abubuwa da yawa na al'adu da wasanni a ƙarƙashin kulawar jiki, ciki har da Kofin CEDEAO a ƙwallon ƙafa, Wasannin ECOWAS na 2012 da kuma Miss CEDEAO kyakkyawar sarauta. '''Hadin kan tattalin arziki''' Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi da Kuɗi ta Afirka ta Yamma (UEMOA) Duba kuma: CFA franc da Tattalin Arziƙi da ƙungiyar kuɗi UEMOA WAMZ ECOWAS kawai (Cape Verde) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAEMU, wanda aka fi sani da UEMOA daga sunanta a Faransanci, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) ƙungiya ce ta mutane takwas, galibi ƙasashen yammacin Afirka masu amfani da harshen Faransanci a cikin ECOWAS, waɗanda aka mamaye ba haka ba. ta manyan masu nauyi kamar Najeriya da Ghana. An kafa ta ne don inganta haɗin tattalin arziki tsakanin ƙasashen da ke raba CFA franc a matsayin kuɗaɗen waje. UEMOA an kirkireshi ne ta wata yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a Dakar, Senegal, a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1994, daga shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocin Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, da Togo. A ranar 2 ga Mayu 1997, Guinea-Bissau, tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Fotigal, ta zama memba na takwas (kuma kawai ba mara amfani da yaren Faransanci) UEMOA ƙungiya ce ta kwastan da haɗin kuɗin tsakanin mambobin ECOWAS. Manufofin ta sun hada da: Gasar tattalin arziki mafi girma, ta hanyar buɗe kasuwanni, ban da fa'ida da daidaita yanayin shari'a Haɗin manufofin tattalin arziƙi da alamomi Kirkirar kasuwa daya Daidaita manufofin bangarori Daidaita manufofin kasafin kudi Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu, UEMOA ta sami nasarar aiwatar da ƙa'idodin haɗakar tattalin arziki da ingantacciyar hanyar sa ido. Ta karɓi ƙungiyar kwastan da jadawalin kuɗin fito na waje kuma ta haɗu da ƙa'idodin haraji kai tsaye, ban da ƙaddamar da manufofin yanki da ɓangarori. Wani bincike na IMF a watan Satumbar 2002 ya ambaci UEMOA a matsayin "mafi nisa a kan hanyar hadewa" na dukkan kungiyoyin yankin a Afirka. ECOWAS da UEMOA sun samar da tsari na bai daya game da sassaucin kasuwanci da hada-hadar manufofin tattalin arziki. Kungiyoyin sun kuma amince da ka'idoji iri daya na asali don bunkasa kasuwanci, sannan ECOWAS ta amince da daukar UEMOA tsarin kwastam da hanyoyin biyan diyya. '''Membobinsu''' * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) *'''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka''' *Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco. Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. ==== Membobin su ==== * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) '''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka.''' Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco.Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. '''Sufuri''' Babban labarin: Jirgin ECOWAS Wani aikin Trans-ECOWAS, wanda aka kafa a 2007, yana shirin haɓaka hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa a wannan yankin. '''Yawon shakatawa''' A cikin 2019, ECOWAS ta bayyana Ecotour Action Plan 2019 - 2029. Yana mai da hankali ne kan kariya da bunƙasa al'adun yawon buɗe ido, da haɓaka ci gaban ƙa'idodi, ƙa'idodi da tsarin sarrafawa. Tsarin ya hada da shirye-shirye guda biyar don aiwatarwa, da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin hanyoyin sanya idanu da kimantawa. Ba a bunƙasa keɓaɓɓiyar fata ta musamman ba, amma duk da haka an ambata cewa shirin yana da damar ƙirƙirar alaƙa tsakanin cibiyoyi da haɗin gwiwar masu ruwa da tsaki, don dacewa da ayyukan ecotourism waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga al'umma, bambancin halittu, da zamantakewar tattalin arziki. '''Duba kuma''' Tsarin katin launin ruwan kasa - tsarin inshorar mota na ECOWAS Africanungiyar Gabashin Afirka Tattalin Arzikin Afirka Hukumomin Gwamnati kan Cigaba Developmentungiyar Developmentasashen Afirka ta Kudu (SADC) Kasuwar Kasuwanci ta Gabas da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} 5s5lk6j71d2pb074b5xvxeo5yxeyb2k 549447 549446 2024-12-01T13:14:46Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549447 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Niagara watervallen canada.jpg|thumb|Niagara Falls]] {{hujja}} [[File:Ecowas Secretariat (56815788).jpeg|thumb|sakatariyar ecowas]] '''Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma,''' (Da Turanci '''ECOWAS''', da [[Faransanci]] '''CEDEAO'''), wanda aka fi sani da (CEDEAO a Faransanci), ƙungiyar siyasa da tattalin arziƙin yanki ce ta ƙasashe goma sha biyar da ke Yammacin Afirka. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan ƙasashe sun ƙunshi yanki na 5,114,162 km2 (1,974,589 sq mi), kuma a cikin 2015 suna da kimanin mutane sama da miliyan, 349. An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar 28 ga Mayu, 1975, tare da sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar ta Legas, tare da ayyukanta da aka bayyana don inganta haɗin tattalin arziƙi a duk yankin. An amince da sake fasalin yarjejeniyar da sanya hannu a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993 a Cotonou. Wanda aka yi la'akari da daya daga cikin ginshikan yanki na ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi Afirka baki daya (AEC), babban burin ƙungiyar ECOWAS shine a cimma "wadatar wadatar zuci" ga mambobinta ta hanyar kirkirar babbar ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta hanyar gina cikakken tattalin arziƙi da Ƙungiyar kwadago. ECOWAS din ma tana aiki a matsayin rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya a yankinta, inda a wasu lokuta ƙasashe mambobin kungiyar ke tura dakaru na haɗin gwiwa domin shiga tsakanin mambobin ƙungiyar a wasu lokuta na rashin zaman lafiyar siyasa da tashe tashen hankali. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan waɗannan sun haɗa da tsoma baki a cikin Ivory Coast a 2003, Laberiya a 2003, Guinea-Bissau a 2012, Mali a 2013, da Gambiya a 2017. ECOWAS ta haɗa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu: Economic ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (wanda kuma aka sani da sunan Faransanci UEMOA) ƙungiya ce ta takwas, galibi masu jin Faransanci, jihohi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke raba ƙungiyar kwastam da ƙungiyar hada hadar kuɗi [faɗar da ake bukata]. An kafa shi a cikin 1994 kuma an yi niyya ne don daidaita ikon tattalin arziƙi masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ƙungiyar (kamar Nijeriya da Ghana), mambobin UEMOA galibi tsoffin yankuna ne na Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa. Kudin da duk suke amfani da shi shine CFA franc, wanda ke manne da euro. Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ), wanda aka kafa a 2000, ya ƙunshi ƙasashe shida mafi yawan masu magana da Ingilishi a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin yin aiki don karɓar kuɗinsu na bai ɗaya, eco. Bugu da ƙari, ECOWAS ta haɗa da cibiyoyi masu zuwa: Hukumar ECOWAS, Kotun Al’umma ta Shari’a, [8] Majalisar Dokokin Al’umma, Bankin ECOWAS na Zuba Jari da Ci Gaban (EBID), [9] Kungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Afirka ta Yamma (WAHO), da kuma Rukunin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke yaki da safarar kuɗaɗe da kuma bayar da Ta'addanci a Afirka ta Yamma (GIABA). ECOWAS tana aiki cikin yarukan haɗin gwiwa guda uku-Faransanci, Ingilishi, da Fotigal, kuma ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyu don aiwatar da manufofi: Hukumar ECOWAS da Bankin ECOWAS na saka hannun jari da ci gaba (EBID), wanda a da ake kira Asusun Haɗin Kai har sai ta an sake masa suna a 2001. A 1976, Cape Verde ta shiga cikin ECOWAS, yayin da Mauritania ta janye a Disambar 2000, bayan da ta bayyana aniyarta na yin hakan a watan Disambar 1999. A cikin 2011, ECOWAS ta zartar da tsarin ci gabanta na shekaru goma masu zuwa, Ganin 2020, kuma, tare da ita, Manufofin Kimiyya da Fasaha (ECOPOST). Ƙasashen Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso sun sanar da ficewa daga ƙungiyar a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun 2024, lamarin da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba tun bayan kafa ƙungiyar ECOWAS, inda suka yi zargin rashin taimakon kungiyar musamman ta fuskar ta’addanci da kuma zarginta da kasancewa ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS. tasirin ikon ƙasashen waje. {| class="wikitable" | == Contents == ·         1Member states ·         2Structure o    2.1Executive Secretaries and Presidents of the Commissions o    2.2Chairpersons o    2.3Regional security co-operation o    2.4Community Parliament o    2.5Expanded ECOWAS Commission o    2.6Community Court of Justice o    2.7Sporting and cultural exchange ·         3Economic integration o    3.1West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) §  3.1.1Membership o    3.2West African Monetary Zone §  3.2.1Membership ·         4Transport ·         5Tourism ·         6See also ·         7References ·         8External links |} '''Kasashen mambobi''' Ya zuwa watan Fabrairun 2017, ECOWAS tana da membobin kasashe 15; takwas daga cikinsu masu jin Faransanci ne, biyar kuma masu magana da Ingilishi ne, biyu kuma masu magana da yaren Fotigal. Duk mambobi na yanzu sun shiga cikin al'umma a matsayin membobin kafa a cikin Mayu 1975, banda Cape Verde wacce ta shiga cikin 1977. Tsohon memba na ECOWAS kawai shine mai magana da larabci Mauritania, wanda kuma yana daya daga cikin membobin da suka kafa kungiyar a shekarar 1975 kuma ta yanke shawarar ficewa a watan Disambar 2000. Kwanan nan Mauritania ta rattaba hannu kan sabuwar yarjejeniyar zama memba a watan Agusta na 2017. A hukumance an nemi Morocco ta shiga ECOWAS a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017. An amince da aikace-aikacen ne bisa ka'ida a taron shugabannin kasashe a watan Yunin 2017, amma yunkurin Morocco na zama memba ya ci tura. Statididdiga don yawan jama'a, GDP maras ƙarfi da ikon GDP na ikon siye da aka jera a ƙasa an ɗauke su daga ƙididdigar Bankin Duniya na 2015, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba na 2016. An ciro bayanan yanki daga rahoton 2012 wanda sashin kididdiga na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tattara. '''ECOWAS Shiyyar Kasashe membobin kungiyar''' {| class="wikitable" |ECOWAS Zone A member statesCountryArea (km<sup>2</sup>)Population (thousands)GDP (nominal) (millions USD)GDP (PPP) (millions intl.$)CurrencyOfficial language Cabo Verde4,0335211,6033,413escudoPortuguese Gambia11,2951,9919393,344dalasiEnglish Guinea245,85712,6096,69915,244francFrench Guinea-Bissau36,1251,8441,0572,685CFA francPortuguese Liberia111,3694,5032,0533,762dollarEnglish Mali1,240,19217,60012,74735,695CFA francFrench Senegal196,71215,12913,61036,625CFA francFrench Sierra Leone72,3006,4534,21510,127leoneEnglishECOWAS Zone A total'''1,917,88360,55042,923110,895'''—— |} '''Asashe membobin ECOWAS Zone B''' {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |'''Country''' |'''Area''' '''(km<sup>2</sup>)''' |'''Population''' '''(thousands)''' |'''GDP (nominal)''' '''(millions USD)''' |'''GDP (PPP)''' '''(millions intl.$)''' |'''Currency''' |'''Official''' '''language''' |- |Benin |114,763 |10,880 |8,291 |22,377 |CFA franc |French |- |Burkina Faso |272,967 |18,106 |10,678 |30,708 |CFA franc |French |- |Ghana |238,533 |27,410 |37,543 |115,409 |cedi |English |- |Côte d'Ivoire |322,463 |22,702 |31,759 |79,766 |CFA franc |French |- |Niger |1,267,000 |19,899 |7,143 |19,013 |CFA franc |French |- |Nigeria |923,768 |182,202 |481,066 |1,093,921 |Naira |English |- |Togo |56,785 |7,305 |4,088 |10,667 |CFA franc |French |- |ECOWAS Zone B total |'''3,196,279''' |'''277,502''' |'''580,568''' |'''1,371,861''' |— |— |} |} '''Sakatarorin Zartarwa da Shugabannin kwamitocin''' {| class="wikitable sortable" !Executive Secretary !Country !In office |- |Inaugural holder Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara |Ivory Coast |January 1977 – 1985 |- |Momodu Munu |Sierra Leone |1985–1989 |- |Abass Bundu |Sierra Leone |1989–1993 |- |Édouard Benjamin |Guinea |1993–1997 |- |Lansana Kouyaté |Guinea |September 1997 – 31 January 2002 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 February 2002 – 31 December 2007 |- |Mohamed Ibn Chambas |Ghana |1 January 2007 – 18 February 2010 |- |James Victor Gbeho |Ghana |18 February 2010 – 1 March 2012 |- |Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo |Burkina Faso |1 March 2012 – 4 June 2016 |- |Marcel Alain de Souza |Benin |4 June 2016 – 1 March 2018 |- |Jean-Claude Brou |Ivory Coast |1 March 2018 – present |} '''Shugabanni''' {| class="wikitable" !hairperson !Country !In office |- |Yakubu Gowon |Nigeria |28 May 1975 – 29 July 1975 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |29 July 1975 – 13 September 1977 |- |Olusegun Obasanjo |Nigeria |13 September 1977 – 30 September 1979 |- |Léopold Sédar Senghor |Senegal |30 September 1979 – 31 December 1980 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1980–1981 |- |Siaka Stevens |Sierra Leone |1981–1982 |- |Mathieu Kérékou |Benin |1982–1983 |- |Ahmed Sékou Touré |Guinea |1983–1984 |- |Lansana Conté |Guinea |1984–1985 |- |Muhammadu Buhari |Nigeria |1985 – 27 August 1985 |- |Ibrahim Babangida |Nigeria |27 August 1985 – 1989 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1989–1990 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |1990–1991 |- |Dawda Jawara |Gambia |1991–1992 |- |Abdou Diouf |Senegal |1992–1993 |- |Nicéphore Soglo |Benin |1993–1994 |- |Jerry Rawlings |Ghana |1994 – 27 July 1996 |- |Sani Abacha |Nigeria |27 July 1996 – 8 June 1998 |- |Abdulsalami Abubakar |Nigeria |9 June 1998 – 1999 |- |Gnassingbé Eyadéma |Togo |1999 – 1999 |- |Alpha Oumar Konaré |Mali |1999 – 21 December 2001 |- |Abdoulaye Wade |Senegal |21 December 2001 – 31 January 2003 |- |John Kufuor |Ghana |31 January 2003 – 19 January 2005 |- |Mamadou Tandja |Niger |19 January 2005 – 19 January 2007 |- |Blaise Compaoré |Burkina Faso |19 January 2007 – 19 December 2008 |- |Umaru Musa Yar'Adua |Nigeria |19 December 2008 – 18 February 2010 |- |Goodluck Jonathan |Nigeria |18 February 2010 – 17 February 2012 |- |Alassane Ouattara |Ivory Coast |17 February 2012 – 17 February 2013 |- |John Mahama |Ghana |17 February 2013 – 19 May 2015 |- |Macky Sall |Senegal |19 May 2015 – 4 June 2016 |- |Ellen Johnson Sirleaf |Liberia |4 June 2016 – 4 June 2017 |} '''Hadin gwiwar tsaro na yanki''' Duba kuma: Communityungiyar Kula da Economicungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka ECasashen ECOWAS sun ba da wata yarjejeniya ba ta zalunci ba a 1990 tare da yarjejeniyoyi biyu da aka yi a baya a 1978 da 1981. Sun kuma sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar kan Taimaka wa Kare Tsaron Juna a Freetown, Saliyo, a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1981, wanda ya tanadi kafa anungiyar Sojojin Kawance Ofarfin Al'umma. '''Majalisar Al'umma''' Majalisar Al'umma ta kunshi membobi 115, wadanda aka rarraba dangane da yawan kowace jiha. Wannan kwamitin yana karkashin Shugaban Majalisar ne, wanda ke sama da Sakatare Janar. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Country !Parliament Seats |- |Benin |5 |- |Burkina Faso |6 |- |Cape Verde |5 |- |Ivory Coast |7 |- |Gambia |5 |- |Ghana |8 |- |Guinea |6 |- |Guinea-Bissau |5 |- |Liberia |5 |- |Mali |6 |- |Niger |6 |- |Nigeria |35 |- |Senegal |6 |- |Sierra Leone |5 |- |Togo |5 |} '''An faɗaɗa Hukumar ECOWAS''' Karo na uku 3 tun bayan kafuwar ta a shekarar 1975, kungiyar ECOWAS na cikin sauye-sauyen hukumomi. Na farko shi ne lokacin da ta sake yarjejeniyarta a ranar 24 ga Yulin 1993; na biyu shi ne a 2007 lokacin da Sakatariyar ta rikide zuwa Hukumar. Ya zuwa watan Yulin 2013, yanzu ECOWAS tana da sabbin sassa guda shida (Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a; Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al'adu; Makamashi da Ma'adanai; Sadarwa da IT; Ci gaban Masana'antu da Kamfanoni Masu Zaman Kansu. Kwamishinan Ghana sabon kundin tsarin mulki da Taro) '''Kotun Al'umma ta Shari'a Babban labarin''': Kotun ECOWAS Kotun Al’umma ta ECOWAS an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a 1991 sannan daga baya aka sanya ta a cikin Mataki na 6 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara na Communityungiyar a 1993. Koyaya, Kotun ba ta fara aiki a hukumance ba har sai yarjejeniyar 1991 ta fara aiki a ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 1996. An bayyana ikon kotun a cikin Mataki na 9 da Mataki na 76 na Yarjejeniyar da aka Gyara kuma tana ba da damar yanke hukunci a kan rikice-rikice tsakanin jihohi game da fassarar Revised Yarjejeniya. Hakanan tana ba Majalisar ECOWAS shawarwari na nasiha game da lamuran doka (Mataki na 10). Kamar kotunan abokanta, Kotun Turai na 'Yancin Dan-Adam da Kotun Afirka ta Gabas ta Afirka, tana da ikon yanke hukunci kan muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi take hakkin dan adam. '''Wasanni da musayar al'adu''' ECasashen ECOWAS suna shirya abubuwa da yawa na al'adu da wasanni a ƙarƙashin kulawar jiki, ciki har da Kofin CEDEAO a ƙwallon ƙafa, Wasannin ECOWAS na 2012 da kuma Miss CEDEAO kyakkyawar sarauta. '''Hadin kan tattalin arziki''' Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi da Kuɗi ta Afirka ta Yamma (UEMOA) Duba kuma: CFA franc da Tattalin Arziƙi da ƙungiyar kuɗi UEMOA WAMZ ECOWAS kawai (Cape Verde) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Afirka da Kuɗin Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAEMU, wanda aka fi sani da UEMOA daga sunanta a Faransanci, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) ƙungiya ce ta mutane takwas, galibi ƙasashen yammacin Afirka masu amfani da harshen Faransanci a cikin ECOWAS, waɗanda aka mamaye ba haka ba. ta manyan masu nauyi kamar Najeriya da Ghana. An kafa ta ne don inganta haɗin tattalin arziki tsakanin ƙasashen da ke raba CFA franc a matsayin kuɗaɗen waje. UEMOA an kirkireshi ne ta wata yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu a Dakar, Senegal, a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1994, daga shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocin Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, da Togo. A ranar 2 ga Mayu 1997, Guinea-Bissau, tsohuwar mulkin mallaka na Fotigal, ta zama memba na takwas (kuma kawai ba mara amfani da yaren Faransanci) UEMOA ƙungiya ce ta kwastan da haɗin kuɗin tsakanin mambobin ECOWAS. Manufofin ta sun hada da: Gasar tattalin arziki mafi girma, ta hanyar buɗe kasuwanni, ban da fa'ida da daidaita yanayin shari'a Haɗin manufofin tattalin arziƙi da alamomi Kirkirar kasuwa daya Daidaita manufofin bangarori Daidaita manufofin kasafin kudi Daga cikin nasarorin da ta samu, UEMOA ta sami nasarar aiwatar da ƙa'idodin haɗakar tattalin arziki da ingantacciyar hanyar sa ido. Ta karɓi ƙungiyar kwastan da jadawalin kuɗin fito na waje kuma ta haɗu da ƙa'idodin haraji kai tsaye, ban da ƙaddamar da manufofin yanki da ɓangarori. Wani bincike na IMF a watan Satumbar 2002 ya ambaci UEMOA a matsayin "mafi nisa a kan hanyar hadewa" na dukkan kungiyoyin yankin a Afirka. ECOWAS da UEMOA sun samar da tsari na bai daya game da sassaucin kasuwanci da hada-hadar manufofin tattalin arziki. Kungiyoyin sun kuma amince da ka'idoji iri daya na asali don bunkasa kasuwanci, sannan ECOWAS ta amince da daukar UEMOA tsarin kwastam da hanyoyin biyan diyya. '''Membobinsu''' * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) *'''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka''' *Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco. Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. ==== Membobin su ==== * Benin (Founding Member) * Burkina Faso (Founding Member) * Côte d'Ivoire (Founding Member) * Guinea-Bissau (Joined on 2 May 1997) * Mali (Founding Member) * Niger (Founding Member) * Senegal (Founding Member) * Togo (Founding Member) '''Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka.''' Duba kuma: Eco (kudin) An kafa shi a 2000, Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe shida a cikin ECOWAS waɗanda ke shirin gabatar da kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da ake kira Eco.Kasashe shida mambobi na WAMZ sune Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Najeriya da Saliyo wadanda suka kafa kungiyar tare a shekarar 2000 da kuma Laberiya da ta shiga a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 2010. Baya ga Guinea, wacce ita ce faransanci, dukkansu kasashe ne masu magana da Ingilishi. Tare da Mauritania, Guinea sun fita daga cikin kuɗin CFA na franc wanda duk sauran tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka raba a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. WAMZ tayi ƙoƙari don kafa tsayayyen kuɗaɗe don yin takara da CFA franc, wanda kuɗin musayarsa yana da alaƙa da na euro kuma baitul malin Faransa ya tabbatar da hakan. Burin karshe shine don CFA franc da eco su haɗu, suna bawa dukkan Yammaci da Afirka ta Tsakiya kuɗi guda, tsayayye. Cibiyar ba da Lamuni ta Afirka ta Yamma ce da ke Accra, Ghana ke shirya bullo da sabon kudin. '''Sufuri''' Babban labarin: Jirgin ECOWAS Wani aikin Trans-ECOWAS, wanda aka kafa a 2007, yana shirin haɓaka hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa a wannan yankin. '''Yawon shakatawa''' A cikin 2019, ECOWAS ta bayyana Ecotour Action Plan 2019 - 2029. Yana mai da hankali ne kan kariya da bunƙasa al'adun yawon buɗe ido, da haɓaka ci gaban ƙa'idodi, ƙa'idodi da tsarin sarrafawa. Tsarin ya hada da shirye-shirye guda biyar don aiwatarwa, da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin hanyoyin sanya idanu da kimantawa. Ba a bunƙasa keɓaɓɓiyar fata ta musamman ba, amma duk da haka an ambata cewa shirin yana da damar ƙirƙirar alaƙa tsakanin cibiyoyi da haɗin gwiwar masu ruwa da tsaki, don dacewa da ayyukan ecotourism waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga al'umma, bambancin halittu, da zamantakewar tattalin arziki. '''Duba kuma''' Tsarin katin launin ruwan kasa - tsarin inshorar mota na ECOWAS Africanungiyar Gabashin Afirka Tattalin Arzikin Afirka Hukumomin Gwamnati kan Cigaba Developmentungiyar Developmentasashen Afirka ta Kudu (SADC) Kasuwar Kasuwanci ta Gabas da Kudancin Afirka (COMESA) Economicungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Kasashen Afirka ta Tsakiya (ECCAS) ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} fndgone3f5yv539hg02oo23ih0er2k6 4 21908 549842 549211 2024-12-01T21:27:23Z AmmarBot 13973 Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci 549842 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. Kada ku gyara wannan shafin, duk chanjin da akayi, robot zaya yi overwriting din shi a lokacin sabunta shafin. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Numba !Edita !Gudummuwa !Lokacin rajista |- |1 |[[User:RobertMsk|RobertMsk]] |[[Special:Contributions/RobertMsk|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 29 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |2 |[[User:Mononesh Das Muktagacha|Mononesh Das Muktagacha]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mononesh Das Muktagacha|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 29 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |3 |[[User:Prof Abiodun Oluropo|Prof Abiodun Oluropo]] |[[Special:Contributions/Prof Abiodun Oluropo|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 29 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |4 |[[User:Junemoon19|Junemoon19]] |[[Special:Contributions/Junemoon19|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 29 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |5 |[[User:Favkinstin27|Favkinstin27]] |[[Special:Contributions/Favkinstin27|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 29 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |6 |[[User:Proxima Centaurix|Proxima Centaurix]] |[[Special:Contributions/Proxima Centaurix|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 29 ga Nuwamba 2024 |- |7 |[[User:Jossisad|Jossisad]] 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(v2.0.9.5 550093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Infobox organization|name=Human Rights Foundation|type=|founder=[[Thor Halvorssen Mendoza]]|product=|revenue=|owner=|dissolved=}} [[Fayil:Human Rights Foundation logo.svg|thumb|tambarin gidauniyar yancin dan adam]] [[Fayil:Conversation Hour for Human Rights Policy Launch.webm|thumb|Maganganu akan yancin Dan adam]] '''Gidauniyar Kare Haƙƙiin Dan'Adam''' ('''HRF''') ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ke bayyana kanta a matsayin haɓaka da kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam a duniya, tare da mai da hankali kan al'ummomin da ke rufe. HRF ta shirya taron Oslo Freedom Forum . Gidauniyar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam an kafa ta a shekara ta 2005 daga Thor Halvorssen Mendoza, furodusa a Venezuela kuma mai rajin kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam. Shugaban da ke shugaban a yanzu shine tsoffin daraktan dara na Rasha Garry Kasparov, kuma Javier El-Hage shine babban jami'in shari'a na yanzu. Babban ofishin kafuwar yana cikin [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]]. <ref name="HRF's Mission">{{cite web |url=http://humanrightsfoundation.org/about/about-hrf/ |title=HRF's Mission |publisher=Human Rights Foundation |access-date=2013-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023093447/http://humanrightsfoundation.org/about/about-hrf/ |archive-date=2013-10-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.themaven.net/humanrightsfoundation/team/board-of-directors-and-international-council-NZbvb0pnfkGTXF-gxkkD8Q|title=Board of Directors and International Council|work=Human Rights Foundation|access-date=February 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181014010147/https://www.themaven.net/humanrightsfoundation/team/board-of-directors-and-international-council-NZbvb0pnfkGTXF-gxkkD8Q/|archive-date=October 14, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ann |first1=Simmsons |title=Chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov warns of a Russia increasingly devoid of freedoms |url=https://www.latimes.com/world/global-development/la-fg-global-garry-kasparov-qa-20180319-story.html |work=The LA Times |access-date=12 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=2018 Global Americans New Generation of Public Intellectuals |url=https://theglobalamericans.org/2018/06/2018-global-americans-new-generation-of-public-intellectuals/ |publisher=Global Americans |access-date=24 March 2019 |archive-date=24 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324214758/https://theglobalamericans.org/2018/06/2018-global-americans-new-generation-of-public-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ƙungiya == Manufar HRF ita ce "haɗa kan mutane a cikin abu ɗaya na kare haƙƙin bil'adama da inganta dimokiradiyya mai sassauci, don tabbatar da cewa 'yanci an kiyaye tare da inganta shi". Shafin yanar gizo na HRF ya bayyana cewa yana aiki da ma'anar [[Hakkokin Yan-adam|'yancin dan adam]] kamar yadda yake a cikin Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa ta' Yancin Dan Adam da Siyasa a shekarar (1976), tana mai imanin cewa dukkan mutane suna da 'yancin yin [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|magana da yardar kaina]] ,' yancin yin ibada kamar yadda suke zabi, da dama da yardar kaina shirki, game da wadanda na kama da hankali, da dama don saya da kuma zubar da dukiya, da hakkin ya fita da shiga kasar su, da hakkin su sami kimar magani da kuma saboda aiwatar a karkashin dokar, na da hakkin ya sami damar shiga a gwamnatin kasar su, 'yanci daga sabani detainment ko gudun hijira ,' yanci daga bauta ya kuma azabtarwa, da kuma 'yanci daga tsangwama da kuma kama-karya a cikin al'amura na sanin yakamata . A cewar ''New York Times'', HRF "ta taimaka wa masu fafutukar fasa kwauri daga ƙasashen da ake danniya, ta samar wa da dama hanyoyin da suka dace da kuma hada wasu da manyan masu kudi da masu fasaha". Majalisar a yanzu haka tana karkashin jagorancin darakta Grandmaster Garry Kasparov . == Kudade == A cewar bayanan kudi a shafinta na yanar gizo, masu ba da gudummawar na HRF sun hada da DNC Treasurer Andrew Tobias, dan wasan kwaikwayo Kelsey Grammer, mai rajin kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam Bill Browder, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Anne Archer, Harvard Farfesa Steven Pinker, wanda ya kirkiro Blockhain Brock Pierce, dan wasan kwaikwayo Gary Sinise, Craigslist wanda ya kirkiro Craig Newmark, fasaha mai saka jari Peter Thiel, da mai tsara zane Zang Toi . HRF ta kuma sami kudade daga tushe da yawa wadanda suka hada da Arcus Foundation, da Greater New Orleans Foundation, da Lynde da Harry Bradley Foundation, da Community Foundation of Wyoming, da Combined Federal Campaign, da Sarah Scaife Foundation, Foundation for Democracy in Russia, da John Templeton Foundation, da Roger Firestone Foundation, da kuma Vanguard Charitable Endowment. [ Maras farko tushen da ake bukata ] HRF kuma goyan bayan da Brin Wojcicki Foundation, wanda aka halitta da [[Google]] co-kafa Sergey Brin da kuma fasahar binciken halittu Analyst Anne Wojcicki. == Dandalin 'Yanci na Oslo == Taron Oslo Freedom Forum taron shekara-shekara ne na HRF a Oslo, Norway, wanda ke tallafawa da cibiyoyin bayar da tallafi da yawa a Scandinavia da Amurka ta hanyar HRF. Masu ba da gudummawar sun hada da Fritt Ord, da garin Oslo, da Gidauniyar Thiel, da kwamitin Helsinki na kasar Norway, da Ma’aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Royal Norwegian, da Amnesty International Norway, da Plan Norway, da Brin Wojcicki Foundation, da Human Rights House Foundation, da Ny Tid. Isungiyar ta bayar da kuɗaɗen kuɗi daga ɓangaren karamar hukumar Oslo, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Norway, da Gidauniyar Fritt ord.<ref>{{cite web |title=NHC partners with Oslo Freedom Forum |url=https://www.nhc.no/en/nhc-partners-with-oslo-freedom-forum/ |website=Norwegian Helsinki Committee |access-date=12 March 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |last1=Vermes |first1=Thomas |title=hor Halvorssen åpnet Oslo Freedom Forum 2016: – FN blir styrt av diktaturer! |url=https://www.abcnyheter.no/nyheter/verden/2016/05/23/195218529/fn-blir-styrt-av-diktaturer |publisher=ABC Nyheter |access-date=22 March 2019 |archive-date=22 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322013419/https://www.abcnyheter.no/nyheter/verden/2016/05/23/195218529/fn-blir-styrt-av-diktaturer |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Zaɓen Memba na Majalisar Ƴan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya === A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2012 da Shekara ta 2013, HRF sun dauki nauyin wani biki a hedkwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ke New York tare da kungiyar da ke Geneva mai suna UN Watch. Abubuwan da suka faru sun mai da hankali ne kan wayar da kan jama'a game da zaben gwanayen kama-karya da gwamnatocin kama-karya a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 'Yancin Dan Adam. HRF ta kawo masu rajin kare hakkin dan adam daga kasashe daban-daban don bayar da shaida game da cin zarafin da gwamnatocin ƙasashensu suka yi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://humanrightsfoundation.org/news/celebrities-join-hrfs-haiti-relief-program-00175|title=Celebrities Join HRF's Haiti Relief Program|publisher=Human Rights Foundation|date=2010-01-27|access-date=2013-11-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114004747/http://humanrightsfoundation.org/news/celebrities-join-hrfs-haiti-relief-program-00175|archive-date=2013-11-14|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Frogmeni |first1=Bill |title=Haitian activist priest Jean-Juste dies at 62 |url=https://www.ncronline.org/news/people/haitian-activist-priest-jean-juste-dies-62 |publisher=National Catholic Reporter |access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=What If? Foundation History |url=https://whatiffoundation.org/about/history/ |publisher=WhatIf? Foundation |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=3 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903123543/http://whatiffoundation.org/about/history/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ra'ayoyin jama'a da suka == ”   <blockquote>HRF ta soki lamirin daidai da tsarin [[Chile|mulkin kama karya na Chile]] na Pinochet da na kama-karya na Cuba na Fidel Castro, duk da cewa na farkon ya ba wa 'yan ƙasa' yanci na tattalin arziki fiye da na ƙarshen. HRF ta soki lamirin daidai da mulkin kama karya na kasar Sin na Deng Xiaoping (da magadanta na yanzu) da mulkin kama-karya na Mao Tse Dong, duk da cewa na farkon ya ba da 'yan kasarsa' yanci na tattalin arziki kuma ya ba wa Sinawa miliyan 140 damar tserewa talauci cikin kasa da ashirin shekaru, yayin da 'yan shekaru kafin wannan miliyoyin suka mutu saboda yunwa sakamakon Mao's Great Leap Forward … HRF ya soki kamar yadda ya nuna adawa da ikon mulkin mallaka a cikin [[Maleziya|Malaysia]] da [[Singafora|Singapore]], da kuma ikon takara a [[Myanmar|Burma]] da [[Venezuela]], duk da cewa na farko biyu sun sami nasara wajen inganta saka hannun jari na ƙasa da ƙasa, haɓaka tattalin arziki, kuma hakan, ya ba da damar yin aiki kyauta na tsarin farashin, sabanin na baya.</blockquote> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/the_big_picture/2008/12/milk-star-sean.html |title='Milk' star Sean Penn: Pal of anti-gay dictators? &#124; The Big Picture &#124;|work= Los Angeles Times |date=2008-12-11 |access-date=2011-03-28}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|author=NRO Symposium |url=http://article.nationalreview.com/300658/pinochet-is-history/nro-symposium |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120527052919/http://article.nationalreview.com/300658/pinochet-is-history/nro-symposium |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-05-27 |title=Pinochet Is History – NRO Symposium – National Review Online |publisher=Article.nationalreview.com |date=2006-12-11 |access-date=2011-03-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/archives/another_symposium_of_denial/ |title=Another Symposium of Denial |publisher=Outsidethebeltway.c</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lostiempos.com/hemeroteca-ediciones-anteriores.php?date=2008-02-02&v=1 |title=Hemeroteca – Ediciones anteriores del periódico Los Tiempos |publisher=Lostiempos.com |date=2008-02-02 |access-date=2009-12-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716055251/http://www.lostiempos.com/hemeroteca-ediciones-anteriores.php?date=2008-02-02&v=1 |archive-date=2011-07-16 }}</ref>.<ref>[http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/Frihetsforum-med-politisk-slagside--7201845.html Frihetsforum med politisk slagside == – == Aftenposten]. Aftenposten.no (1970-01-01). Retrieved on 2013-10-23.</ref> <ref>{{cite web | url=http://humanrightsfoundation.org/uploads/Libertad_y_Derechos_Humanos_Discurso_de_Thor_Halvorssen.pdf | title=Los derechos humanos a L servicio de L a L ibertad | work=Human Rights Foundation | access-date=May 26, 2015 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Conferences and events == A cikin shekarar 2014, HRF ta karbi bakuncin Hack Koriya ta Arewa, taron masana fasaha na Bay Area, masu zuba jari, injiniyoyi, masu zanen kaya, masu fafutuka da masu sauya sheka na Koriya ta Arewa wanda ke da nufin haifar da sabbin dabaru don samun bayanai cikin Koriya ta Arewa. [[File:College_Freedom_Forum_Guatemala_2017.jpg|thumb|Dandalin 'Yancin Kwalejin na shekarar 2017 a Jami'ar Francisco Marroquín, Birnin Guatemala]] === Dandalin 'Yancin Kwalejin === Dandalin 'Yancin Kwaleji (CFF) jerin abubuwa ne na kwana ɗaya da aka tsara don ilmantar da fadakar gda ɗalibai game da haƙƙin ɗaiɗai da dimokuradiyya a duniya. Kowane CFF yana fasalta gabatarwa da dama ga ɗalibai da membobinn masu sauraro don yin hulɗa tare da masu mmagana ɗaya-ɗayan kuma yayin zaman tambaya da amsa. === Zaben Membobin Kwamitin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniyaa === A cikin watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2012 da shekarar ta 2013, HRF ta shirya wani taron a hedkwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a New York tare da kungiyar UN Watch mai tushe a Geneva. Abubuwan da suka faru sun mayar da hankali ne kan wayar da kan jama'a game da zaɓen gwamnatocin masu fafutuka da masu cikakken iko ga kwamitin kare hakkin ɗan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. HRF ta kawo masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama daga kasashe daban-dabann don ba da shaida kan cin zarafin da gwamnatocin su ke yi. A cikin watan Mayu na shekarar 2009, tare da goyon baya daga birnin [[Oslo]] da John Templeton Foundation, HRF ta shirya taron 'Yanci na Oslo . A yayin taron, dimokuradiyyaa da masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama suna ba da labaransu tare da bayyanaa ra'ayoyinsu game da 'yancin ɗan adam a duniya. A cikin watan Oktoba na shekarar 2012 Gidauniyar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta karbi bakuncin taron 'Yanci na San Francisco na farko, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin "haɗin kai na musamman na muryoyin 'yanci." Aung San Suu Kyi wadda ta lashe lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel, a balaguron farko da ta yi zuwa Amurka tun shekarar 1971, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Václav Havel don ƙin ƙirƙira . A cikin watan Nuwamba shekarar 2014, Oslo Freedom Forum ya tsara wani zama a taron Sime MIA a Miami. Taron ya samu halartar shugaban HRF Thor Halvorssen, da nɗan wasan kwaikwayo ɗan ƙasar Jordan Suleiman Bakhit, da Yeonmi Park ɗan gudun hijira na Koriya ta Arewa. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * [http://www.hrf.org/ Yanar gizo na ƙungiyar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam] [[Category:Ƴancin muhalli]] [[Category:Ƴancin ɗan adam]] [[Category:Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ictfy6kxk4wlqdkgy8fh8kz347gjptc 0 22670 549574 465660 2024-12-01T17:59:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549574 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adekunle "Nodash" Adejuyigbe,''' Dan [[Najeriya]] ne, mai shirya fim. Ya yi aiki a matsayin furodusa da kuma babban mai gabatar da shirye-shirye da tallace-tallace da yawa don ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa kuma ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin daya daga cikin fitattun daraktoci, kuma waɗanda aka fi so masu shirya fina-finai na New Nigerian Cinema. Adekunle "Nodash" Adejuyigbe ya fara aikinsa a gidan talabijin na TV a matsayin mai shiryawa, Marubuci kuma Darakta na shirye-shiryen TV da sauran shirye-shirye, a ƙarshe ya zama Daraktan kirkire-kirkire kuma Shugaban Samarwa na gidan yanar sadarwar TV, kafin ya tafi ya fara aiki a kamfaninsa na samar da fim - Wani abu usan Studios. A shekara ta 2015, an zabe shi a matsayin ɗaya Cikin fitattun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na 21 daga ko'ina cikin duniya don shiga cikin keɓaɓɓun Kiraye-kiraye na Kwalejin Jagoran Cinematography wanda Berlinungiyar Fina-Finai ta Berlin, Jamus ta shirya. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://gist.ng/berlin-international-film-festival-2015-honour-nigerian-director-nodash/?pr=41337&lang=en|title=Berlin International Film Festival 2015 To Honour Nigerian Director Nodash/|date=6 February 2015|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004601/https://gist.ng/berlin-international-film-festival-2015-honour-nigerian-director-nodash/?pr=41337&lang=en|archive-date=29 January 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kuma tun daga wannan lokacin ya zama suna daga cikin wanda bada tallafin fasaha da mafi kyawun fina-finai da zasu fito daga Najeriya. Shi ne Leadungiyar ofungiyar “Elungiyar Fina-Finan Elite” - filmungiyar fina-finai da suka fi yarda da Nijeriya a duniya. Adekunle "Nodash" Adejuyigbe Marubuci ne, Darakta kuma Mai gabatar da fim din da ya samu karbuwa sosai, "The Bayarwa Yaro" wanda ya zama sanannen fim na Najeriya na zamani. "Yaron ya isar da sako" kuma ya nuna a nahiyoyi 4 don yin nazari mai kyau kuma ya sami kyautuka mafi kyawu na Kyautar Fina-Finan na Najeriya a bikin Fina-Finan Duniya na Afirka (AFRIFF) 2018. Adekunle "Nodash" Adejuyigbe ya sami kyaututtuka daban-daban kuma tare da yabo game da jagorantar sa, rubuce-rubuce, samarwa da kuma nuna finafinan silima yana da ikon shiri da ƙirƙirar zane-zane, hotunan motsin rai, don zurfafa nazarin labaru da nemo hanyar ƙirƙira su da fasaha. == Kyauta da Accolades == * A shekara ta 2015, an zaɓi Nodash a matsayin ɗayan Cinan wasan Cinematographers<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berlinale-talents.de/bt/talent/adekunle-adejuyigbe/profile/|title=KUNLE "NODASH" ADEJUYIGBE|publisher=berlinale-talents.de|date=2 February 2015|access-date=19 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201091002/http://www.berlinale-talents.de/bt/talent/adekunle-adejuyigbe/profile|archive-date=1 February 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/reason-people-underrate-nigerian-filmmakers-nodash/|title=Reason people UNDERRATE Nigerian filmmakers– NODASH - The Nation Nigeria|date=7 February 2015|publisher=}}</ref> aka zaɓa daga ko'ina cikin duniya don shiga cikin keɓaɓɓen, Kayan gayyatar Cinematography Master Class da aka shirya ta Fim ɗin International Festival a Jamus. * Mafi Kyawun Gyara Kyautar Finafinan Nollywood na 2013 don fim ɗin Tafiya Zuwa Kai,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2013/10/nma2013-nollywood-movies-awards-2013-winners-full-list/|title=#NMA2013: Nollywood Movies Awards 2013 (Winners – Complete Full List) - 360nobs|date=13 October 2013|publisher=|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=9 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809021801/https://www.360nobs.com/2013/10/nma2013-nollywood-movies-awards-2013-winners-full-list/|url-status=dead}}</ref>2013 * Mafi kyawun Edita, in Short Film na Fina-Finan Duniya a [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]],<ref name="olorisupergal.com2">{{cite web|url=http://olorisupergal.com/2011/10/26/something-unusual-nodash-wins-best-editing-prize-at-in-short-film-festival/|title=Something Unusual: Nodash wins Best Editing prize at IN Short Film Festival|date=26 October 2011|publisher=|access-date=18 July 2021|archive-date=17 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117181345/https://olorisupergal.com/2011/10/26/something-unusual-nodash-wins-best-editing-prize-at-in-short-film-festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref> yi shi ne tare da haɗin gwiwar Cibiyar Goethe,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goethe.de/en/uun/akt.html|title=The Latest at Goethe - Goethe-Institut|website=www.goethe.de}}</ref> 2011 * Mafi Gyarawa, Kyautar Fim ɗin Najeriya don fim ɗin, Matashi mai shan sigari, <ref name="olorisupergal.com">{{Cite web}}</ref> 2011 * Mafi kyawun Mai Cin Ciniki da Edita mafi Kyawu, Kyautar Bidiyo ta Kiɗa ta Nijeriya,<ref name="olorisupergal.com" /> 2011 == Filmography == * 2017: Daraktan daukar hoto, Gadar<ref>{{cite web|url=http://xplorenollywood.com/nta-kunle-afolayans-the-bridge-prepares-for-december-release/|title=#NTA: Kunle Afolayan’s ‘The Bridge’ Prepares For December Release!|website=xplorenollywood.com/}}</ref> * 2017: Daraktan daukar hoto, Kotun<ref>{{cite web|url=http://xplorenollywood.com/kunle-afolayans-tribunal-gets-ready-for-july-release/|title=Kunle Afolayan’s ‘Tribunal’ Gets Ready For July Release!|website=xplorenollywood.com/}}</ref> * 2016: Darakta, Daraktan daukar hoto, Gidi Up Season 3 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/gidi-up-1st-look-at-season-3-features-bobrisky-odunlade-adekola-id6127512.html|title="Gidi Up": 1st look at season 3 features Bobrisky, Odunlade Adekola|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|publisher=|access-date=2021-07-18|archive-date=2017-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622035524/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/gidi-up-1st-look-at-season-3-features-bobrisky-odunlade-adekola-id6127512.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2016: Daraktan daukar hoto, Edita, Isoken (fim din 2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/08/exclusive-the-must-see-movie-of-the-season-isoken-is-coming-soon/|title=Exclusive: The MUST SEE Movie of the Season "Isoken" is Coming Soon... - Dakore Akande, Funke Akindele, Damilola Attoh & More - BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2017/04/meet-nodash-nollywoods-master-of-moods.html|title=MEET NODASH- NOLLYWOOD’S MASTER OF MOODS!|website=www.stelladimokokorkus.com}}</ref> * 2015: Kashi na biyu, Mai daukar hoto, Fifty (fim) * 2015: Daraktan daukar hoto, Haduwa * 2015: Mai daukar hoto, Ireti * 2013: Edita, Daraktan Tafiya Hoto zuwa Kai == Duba kuma == * Jerin furodusoshin fim na Najeriya == Hanyoyin haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|id=4766312|name=Adekunle Nodash Adejuyigbe}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] iammqf6hcjy8ntn3133a5zo2g21lm3m 0 22795 549505 500134 2024-12-01T16:01:57Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Kalabsha_temple_on_Lake_Nasser_(2828516333).jpg |thumb| Tafkin Nasser]] [[File:Lake Nasser, Abu Simbel, AG, EGY (48017157698).jpg|thumb|hoton tafkin nasser]] [[File:Lake Nasser Vista.jpg|thumb|Lake Nasser vista.jpg]] [[Fayil:Abu Simbel, Nefertari Temple, Lake Nasser, Egypt, Oct 2004.jpg|thumb|Tafkin Nasser]] '''Tafkin Nasser''' (Larabci: بحيرة ناصر ''Boħēret Nāṣer'', Balarabe: [boˈħeːɾet ˈnɑːsˤeɾ]) [[Babban Masallacin Djenné|babban]] tafki ne a [[Kudancin Afirka|kudancin]] Misira da arewacin [[Sudan ta Kudu|Sudan]]. Tana daya [[Dagar|daga]] cikin manya manyan tabkuna a duniya.<ref>{{cite web|title=Aswan High Dam, River Nile, Sudan, Egypt|url=http://www.water-technology.net/projects/aswan-high-dam-nile-sudan-egypt/|website=Water Technology|access-date=15 October 2016}}</ref> Kafin ginin, Sudan ta sabawa ginin Tafkin Nasser saboda zai mamaye filaye a Arewa, inda mutanen Nubia suke. Dole ne a sake musu wurin zama.<ref name="ResettlingNubians">{{cite book|last1=Scudder|first1=Thayer|title=Aswan High Dam Resettlement of Egyptian Nubians|date=September 2, 2016|publisher=Springer|isbn=9789811019357|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fNTMDAAAQBAJ&q=Research+Aswan++Egypt&pg=PA1|access-date=18 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sofer|first1=Amon|title=Rivers of Fire: The Conflict Over Water in the Middle East|date=1999|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|page=36|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cpZ2q6e5hJUC&q=lake+nasser&pg=PA36|isbn=9780847685110}}</ref> A karshen kasar Sudan da ke kusa da yankin Tafkin Nasser galibin tabkin ya mamaye shi.<ref>{{cite web|title=Governorates of Egypt|url=http://www.statoids.com/ueg.html|website=Statoids Administrative Divisions of Countries ("Statoids")|access-date=16 October 2016}}</ref> Tsanani, "Tafkin Nasser" yana magana ne kawai ga yanki mafi girma na tabkin da ke yankin ƙasar Masar (kashi 83% na duka), tare da mutanen Sudan waɗanda suka fi son kiran ƙaramin jikinsu na Tafkin Nubia (Balaraben Masar: بحيرة النوبة ''Boħēret Nubeyya'', [Boˈħeːɾet nʊˈbejjæ]).<ref>{{cite book|last1=Roest|first1=F.C.|last2=Crul|first2=R. C. M.|title=Current Status of Fisheries and Fish Stocks of the Four Largest African Reservoirs: Kainji, Kariba, Nasser/Nubia and Volta|date=1995|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|page=81|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xExMDWP_rQcC&q=lake+nubia&pg=PA81|isbn=9789251036839}}</ref> == Bayani == [[File:Lakenasser_oli_2013-2020_lrg.jpeg|right|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lakenasser_oli_2013-2020_lrg.jpeg|left|thumb|Hoton tauraron dan adam na Tafkin Nasser]] Tekun yana da nisan mil 298 (kilomita 479) da 9.9 kilomita (16 kilomita) a ƙetaren wurin da ya fi faɗi, wanda yake kusa da ''Tropic of Cancer''. Ya mamaye duka fili wanda yakai 5,250 km2 (2,030 sq mi) kuma yana da karfin ajiya na kusan 132 km3 (32 cu mi) na ruwa.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Muala|volume=6|url=https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A3113f919-47e7-47b4-bde7-4ec5b9bb523f/datastream/OBJ/download|doi=10.3390/rs6087522|bibcode=2014RemS....6.7522M|page=7526|issue=8|date=August 13, 2014|journal=Remote Sensing|first1=Eric|title=Estimation of Reservoir Discharges from Lake Nasser and Roseires Reservoir in the Nile Basin Using Satellite Altimetry and Imagery Data|first4=Pieter|last4=van der Zaag|first3=Zheng|last3=Duan|first2=Yasir A.|last2=Mohamed|doi-access=free}}</ref> An kirkiro tafkin ne sakamakon gina babbar madatsar ruwa ta Aswan da ke tsallaka kogin Nilu tsakanin 1958 da 1970.<ref>{{cite web|title=Life-Giving Nile River (Aswan Dam, Egypt)|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/12/121218/pictures-life-giving-nile-river-photos/|website=National Geographic|access-date=15 October 2016|date=2012-12-20}}</ref> An sanya wa tabkin suna Gamal Abdel Nasser, daya daga cikin shugabannin juyin juya halin Masar a 1952, kuma Shugaban kasa na biyu. na Misira, waɗanda suka fara aikin Babban Dam. Shugaba Anwar Sadat ne ya buɗe tafkin da madatsar ruwa a cikin 1971.<ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Architectural and Engineering Feats|date=2001|publisher=ABC-CLIO|page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofar0000lang/page/23 23]|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofar0000lang|url-access=registration|quote=president nasser, high dam project.|isbn=9781576071120}}</ref> == Al'amuran yau da kullun == Kasar Masar ba ta da ruwan da take bukata domin noma da wutar lantarki.<ref>{{cite news|title=Egyptian agriculture crisis worsens, mainly due to lack of water|url=http://menafn.com/1094975988/Egyptian-agriculture-crisis-worsens-mainly-due-to-lack-of-water|access-date=16 October 2016|agency=Daily News Egypt|date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> Babbar Dam din ''Renaissance'' ta Habasha, wacce ake ginawa a Habasha a halin yanzu, akwai yiwuwar ta shafi tasirin ruwan da ikon mallaka ya ba shi wanda ya bar Habasha da sauran al'ummomin da ke gaba. Yayinda Dam din ''Renaissance'' zai amfani Habasha, ya haifar da rikici tsakanin Masar da Sudan da Habasha. Kasar Masar tana cikin fargabar cewa sabon madatsar ruwan zai dakatar da Kogin Nilu yadda yakamata ya cika Tafkin Nasser.<ref>{{cite news|title=Water Politics - Sharing the Nile|url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21688360-largest-hydroelectric-project-africa-has-so-far-produced-only-discord-egypt|access-date=15 October 2016|publisher=The Economist|date=January 16, 2016}}</ref> Ruwan tabkin Nasser yana samar da wutar lantarki, kuma akwai damuwar cewa rage ruwa da ke kwarara cikin Tafkin Nasser zai shafi tasirin Aswan Dam na samar da wutar lantarki. Akwai tashoshin yin famfo da ke kula da ruwan da ke shiga Tafkin Nasser, kuma a halin yanzu wannan aikin yana samar da miliyoyin kilowatt-biliyan na wutar lantarki ta kowace shekara ga Misra.<ref>{{cite web|title=Life-Giving Nile|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/12/121218/pictures-life-giving-nile-river-photos/|website=National Geographic|access-date=15 October 2016|date=2012-12-20}}</ref> == Wasanni da yawon shakatawa == Yin kamun kifi a kogin Nilu, daga duka gaɓar teku da jiragen ruwa, sananne ne.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nile Perch Fishing on Lake Nasser|url=https://www.tripadvisor.com/ShowTopic-g294204-i9480-k2121295-Nile_Perch_Fishing_on_Lake_Nasser-Aswan_Aswan_Governorate_Nile_River_Valley.html|website=Trip Advisor|access-date=15 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Vartorella|first1=Bill|title=Egyptology fellowship chairman shares giant fish story|journal=The Rotarian|date=2002|volume=180|issue=6|page=14|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ejQEAAAAMBAJ&q=lake+nasser+fish&pg=PA14|access-date=15 October 2016}}</ref> Kafin tabkin Nassar ya cika, yawancin wuraren tarihin Misira da yawa an sake matsuguni a zahiri zuwa sabbin wurare sama da babban ruwan tekun. Ko yaya, ba a sake tura wasu ba, kamar babban katafaren Buhen, wanda yanzu ke cikin ruwa.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gohary|first1=Jocelyn|title=Guide to the Nubian monuments on Lake Nasser|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yWkuAQAAIAAJ&q=Lake+Nasser|access-date=15 October 2016|isbn=9789774244629|year=1998}}</ref> Matsayin wuraren bautar a Abu Simbel, ɗayan ɗayan sanannun wuraren tarihi a Misira, shine mafi yawan talla.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/11/04/89571304.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0|title=Rescuing Abu Simbel|work=The New York Times|date=November 4, 1963}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1967/10/10/83635447.html?pageNumber=49|title=Restored Abu Simbel Keeps Ancient Grandeur|work=The New York Times|date=October 10, 1967}}</ref> Tafkin jirgin ruwan Nassar, wanda ya haɗa da ziyartar wuraren tarihi da wuraren bauta a gefen tafkin Nassar, sun shahara. Ziyarci gidajen ibada a Abu Simbel shine mafi girman waɗannan rangadin.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Maroon|first1=Fred J.|last2=Newby|first2=Percy Howard|title=The Egypt story: Its art, its monuments, its people, its history|date=1979|publisher=Chanticleer Press Edition|page=42}}</ref> == Gallery == <gallery> File:Abu_Simbel_Nile_lake.jpg|Tafkin File:Lake-nasser.jpg|Hanyoyin hangen nesa na Lake Nasser File:14.19 Egipto Nubia Lago Nasser.jpg|Hanyoyin hangen nesa na Tafkin Nasser da asuba File:Abu Simbel Temple May 30 2007.jpg|Duba Abu Simbel daga Tafkin Nasser </gallery> == Manazarta == domnawpk4ac3b5fa9ig38ql9ycunvbi 0 23141 549686 494627 2024-12-01T19:30:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549686 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Ig-Amaechi Muonagor.ogg|thumb|yanda ake furtashi]] '''Amaechi Muonagor''' (An haifeshi ranar 20 ga Agusta, 1962, Mutuwa 24 ga Maris, 2024) a karamar hukumar Idemili, Jihar Anambra. ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Nijeriya kuma furodusa. A cikin shekarar 2016, an zabe shi don AMVCA na shekarar 2017 Mafi Kyawun dan wasa a cikin Nishaɗi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2118989/|title=Amaechi Monago|website=IMDb|access-date=15 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nollywoodobserver.com/2016/12/15/amvca-2017-nkem-owoh-amaechi-Monago-omoni-oboli-uche-jumbo-funke-akindele-more-make-nominees-list/|title=AMVCA 2017: Nkem Owoh, Amaechi Monago, Omoni Oboli, Uche Jombo, Funke Akindele & More Make Nominees List|author=The Editor|date=15 December 2016|website=Nollywood Observer|access-date=15 February 2017}}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Farkon rayuwa == Amaechi Muonagor dan asalin kauyen Obosi ne a Idemili, jihar Anambara a Najeriya. Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Mary, Obosi, Oraifite Grammar School kafin ya ci gaba da karatu a Jami'ar Nijeriya, Nsukka (UNN) inda ya karanci Tattalin Arziki kuma ya kammala a shekara ta 1987.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2118989/</ref> == Ayyuka == A shekarar 1989 bayan ya zama matashi, Amaechi ya fara aiki da kamfanin dillacin labarai na NAN (News Agency of Nigeria). Ya bar aikinsa 'yan shekaru kaɗan don yin wasan kwaikwayo a fim dinsa na farko kamar Akunatakasi a cikin Taboo 1, fim ɗin Najeriya. == Rayuwa == Amaechi yayi aure kuma yanada yara hudu (4), daga cikin sauran taurarin Nollywood kamar Chinyere Winifred, Ebere Okaro, ya bi sahun Dr Chris Eke na kungiyar Word and Spirit Assembly, Ijegun Lagos yayin da yake bikin cika shekara 40 a duniya a shekarar 2015, inda ya yi bikin tare da kikiri mafi yawan fursunonin gidan yari da kuma yara a Hearts of Gidan marayu na yara Goldice.  A cikin shekarar 2020, ya ce cin zarafin mata ba na Nollywood ba ne kamar yadda yake faruwa a kowace sana'a.<ref>https://nollywoodobserver.com/2016/12/15/amvca-2017-nkem-owoh-amaechi-Monago-omoni-oboli-uche-jumbo-funke-akindele-more-make-nominees-list/{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rashin lafiya == A cikin shekarar 2016, akwai wallafe-wallafe da yawa akan shafukan yanar gizo waɗanda suka ce Amaechi ba shi da lafiya kuma yana fama da ciwon sukari. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Amaechi bai fito ko fitowa a kowane fim ba. Akwai jita-jita game da shi barin masana'antar fim.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2017/01/why-a-church-donated-n3-5m-to-23-nollywood-actors/|title=Why a church donated N3.5m to 23 Nollywood actors|date=31 January 2017|newspaper=Nigerian Entertainment Today - Nigeria's Top Website for News, Gossip, Comedy, Videos, Blogs, Events, Weddings, Nollywood, Celebs, Scoop and Games|access-date=15 February 2017|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216060105/http://thenet.ng/2017/01/why-a-church-donated-n3-5m-to-23-nollywood-actors/|archive-date=16 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/82-calabash/40798-nollywood-actor-amaechi-muonagor-down-with-strange-ailment-photo|title=Nollywood Actor, Amaechi Muonagor 'Down' with Strange Ailment (photo)|newspaper=Nigeriafilms.com|access-date=15 February 2017|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.theinfong.com/2016/09/nollywood-actor-amaechi-muonagor-strange-ailment-photo/|title=Nollywood actor, Amaechi Muonagor down with strange ailment (photo) - TheInfoNG.com|date=15 September 2016|newspaper=TheInfoNG.com|access-date=15 February 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> == Fina-finai == * ''[[Taboo 1]]'' (1989) * ''[[Karishika]]'' (1996) * ''Igodo'' (1999)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/throwbackthursday-17-years-after-igodo-deserves-a-remake-id5703484.html|title=#ThrowbackThursday: 17 years after, "Igodo" deserves a remake - Movies - Pulse|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=15 February 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=16 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170616222634/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/throwbackthursday-17-years-after-igodo-deserves-a-remake-id5703484.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''[[Aki na Ukwa]]'' (2002) * ''His Last Action'' (2008) * ''Sincerity'' (2009) * ''Without Goodbye'' (2009) * ''Most Wanted Kidnappers'' (2010) * ''Jack and Jill'' (2011) * ''Village Rascal'' (2012) * ''Evil World'' (2015) <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://entertainment.naij.com/640253-married-nollywood-actor-impregnates-younger-lover-evil-world-video.html|title=Married Nollywood Actor Impregnates Younger Lover In Evil World (VIDEO)|last=Amodeni|first=Adunni|newspaper=Naij.com - Nigeria news.|access-date=15 February 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Ugonma'' (2015) <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/chioma-chukwuka-akpotha-actress-joins-francis-duru-and-amaechi-muonagor-on-movie-set-id3613450.html|title=Chioma Chukwuka Akpotha: Actress joins Francis Duru and Amaechi Muonagor on movie set - Movies - Pulse|last=Bada|first=Gbenga|access-date=15 February 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=16 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216060801/http://pulse.ng/movies/chioma-chukwuka-akpotha-actress-joins-francis-duru-and-amaechi-muonagor-on-movie-set-id3613450.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''Code of Silence'' (2015) <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2015/08/opinion-emem-isongs-code-of-silence-tackles-rapewith-doses-of-humour/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818004309/http://thenet.ng/2015/08/opinion-emem-isongs-code-of-silence-tackles-rapewith-doses-of-humour/|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 August 2015|title='Code of Silence' tackles rape…with doses of humour – By Toni Kan - Nigerian Entertainment Today - Nigeria's Top Website for News, Gossip, Comedy, Videos, Blogs, Events, Weddings, Nollywood, Celebs, Scoop and Games|date=17 August 2015|newspaper=Nigerian Entertainment Today - Nigeria's Top Website for News, Gossip, Comedy, Videos, Blogs, Events, Weddings, Nollywood, Celebs, Scoop and Games|access-date=15 February 2017|language=en-GB}}</ref> * ''Spirits'' (2016) * ''Rosemary'' (2016) *''My Village People'' (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nwogu|first=Precious|date=31 May 2021|title=Watch the official trailer for 'My Village People'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/watch-the-official-trailer-for-my-village-people/h35pdsn|url-status=live|access-date=8 June 2021|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> *[[Aki and Pawpaw]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1962]] kk7fafmrxsiz30z8kak24vs068a7ad7 0 23306 549693 414429 2024-12-01T19:32:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549693 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Amakye da Dede''' fim ne mai ban dariya na ƙasar Ghana wanda aka saki a cikin 2016 kuma Kofi Asamoah ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/july-12th/review-amakye-and-dede.php|title=Movie Review: Amakye and Dede|date=2016-07-12|access-date=2018-11-10|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111000019/https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/july-12th/review-amakye-and-dede.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Fim ɗin ya ta'allaka ne akan manyan abokai guda biyu waɗanda suka ƙaunaci yarinya ɗaya. Fim ɗin ya sayar da mafi yawan tikiti a ranar da aka fara shi.<ref name="peacefm-2016">{{cite web|last1=Osafo-Nkansah|first1=Eugene|title=Amakye & Dede Makes History As The Biggest Premiere Ever In Ghana|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/movies/201603/274852.php|accessdate=13 January 2019}}</ref> An yi fim ɗin a matsayin “Fim ɗin Ista” saboda an fara nuna shi a lokacin Ista a ranar 26 ga Maris, 2016 a Babban Masallacin Silverbirds WestHills Mall da Accra Mall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amakye-and-dede-movie-featuring-majid-michel-john-dumelo-kalybos-set-to-premiere-this-month-id4801097.html|title="Amakye and Dede": Movie featuring Majid Michel, John Dumelo, Kalybos set to premiere this month|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2018-11-10|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110200102/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amakye-and-dede-movie-featuring-majid-michel-john-dumelo-kalybos-set-to-premiere-this-month-id4801097.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == 'Yan wasa == * Majid Michel<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://buzzghana.com/majid-michael-biography/|title=Majid Michel: 10 Things You Must Know About the Ghallywood Actor|date=2014-02-10|website=BuzzGhana - Famous People, Celebrity Bios, Updates and Trendy News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-07}}</ref> * Kalybos<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://creativeloom.blogspot.com/2015/03/kalybos-bio-richard-asante.html|title=KALYBOS BIO (RICHARD ASANTE)|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-05-07}}</ref> * Ahuofi Patri * John Dumelo<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm3847554/bio|title=John Dumelo|website=IMDb|access-date=2019-05-07}}</ref> * Roselyn Ngissah * Salma Mumin * Umar Krupp * Emelia Brobbey * Moesha Buduong * Grace Nortey * Fred Nuamah == Karɓar baki == Masana'antar Fina -Finan Ghana ta ba fim ɗin kashi 9.5 cikin 10.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ghanafilmindustry.com/amakye-and-dede-movie-review/|title=Movie Review: Amakye and Dede|date=2016-04-02|work=Ghana Film Industry|access-date=2018-11-10|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111004448/http://www.ghanafilmindustry.com/amakye-and-dede-movie-review/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == rjbaywtsexuc9hdkyoidri4wmxjgqb8 0 25342 549522 503214 2024-12-01T16:27:11Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Great Mosque of Mecca1.jpg|thumb|makka inda ake aikin hajji]] [[Fayil:Altar, Pilgrimage museum, 2017 Lébény.jpg|thumb|Hajjin farko]] '''Hajjin farko''' ko Umra na Zul-Qada ([[Aikin Hajji|aikin hajji]] na wata na 11) shi ne hajjin farko da [[Muhammad|annabin musulunci Muhammad]] da musulmai suka yi bayan hijira zuwa [[Madinah|Madina]]. Ya faru da safiyar ranar hudu na watan Dhu al-Qi'dah 7 AH (629 AZ), bayan [[yarjejeniyar Hudaibiyyah]] 6 bayan hijira (628 AZ). Duk taron ya kasance tsawon kwanaki uku.<ref>[[Tafsir ibn Kathir]]</ref> [[Aikin Hajji|Aikin hajji]]<nowiki/>n da ke faruwa a cikin watan Dhu al-Hijjah ana kiransa da "babban aikin hajji", ko kuma kawai "[[Aikin Hajji|aikin hajji]]" (Larabci: حَـجّ, ''Ḥajj''), yayin da ake kiran hajjin duk sauran watanni "karamin aikin hajji" ([[Larabci]]: عُـمْـرَة, ''<nowiki/>'Umrah''). == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Al Madinah Al Munawwarah - Al Madinah Al Munawwarah.svg|thumb|madina ]] Annabi Muhammad, ya ba da rahoton cewa tun yana dan shekara 40, yana samun wahayi daga Allah. Shi da mabiyansa, wadanda ake kira Musulmi, dangin [[Makkah|Makka]] mai mulki, Kuraishawa sun tsananta musu kuma sun tilasta su barin garin [[Madina]] da ke arewacin kasar. Rikicin makamai da yawa ya biyo baya, tare da Musulman da ke kokarin komawa [[aikin hajji]] a [[Makka]] a 628, kamar yadda dayan wahayi ya umarta.<ref>{{Cite quran|48|27|s=ns}}</ref> Kuraishawa sun yi watsi da su, amma mutanen [[Makka]] sun yarda da sulhu, kuma [[yarjejeniyar Hudaibiyyah]] tana da tanadin cewa Musulmai za su iya komawa [[Makka]] lafiya don yin [[aikin hajji]] a shekarar 629.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=[[Modern Library]]|isbn=978-0-8129-6618-3|last=Armstrong|first=Karen|author-link=Karen Armstrong|title=Islam: A Short History|location=[[New York City|New York]]|date=2002|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamshorthistor00arms_354/page/n61 22]|title-link=Islam: A Short History}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|isbn=978-0-06-115577-2|last=Armstrong|first=Karen|author-link=Karen Armstrong|title=Muhammad: A Prophet for Our Time|location=New York|date=2007|pages=181|title-link=Muhammad: A Prophet for Our Time}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|format=documentary|publisher=[[PBS]]|title=Muhammad: Legacy of a Prophet|date=2002|title-link=Muhammad: Legacy of a Prophet}}</ref> == Aikin hajji == ''Ar-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm'' (Larabci: ٱلـرَّحِـيْـق ٱلْـمَـخْـتُـوْم, "The Sealed Nectar"), a cikin babin ''Umurnin Umrah (Karamar Hajji)'' an bayyana taron kamar haka: {{Quote|Lokacin da watan Dhul Qa’da ya kusan kusan karshen shekara ta bakwai bayan Hijira, Annabi ya umarci mutanensa, da mutanen da suka shaida Yarjejeniyar Al-Hudaibiyah musamman, da su yi shirye-shirye don yin karamin aikin hajji. Ya ci gaba da maza 2000 ban da wasu mata da yara Fath al-Bari 7/700], da rakuma 60 don sadaukarwa, don ziyartar Masallacin Al-Haram da ke Makka. Musulmai sun dauki makamansu tare da su saboda tsoron yaudarar Quraishawa, amma sun bar su tare da gungun mutane dari biyu a wani wuri mai nisan mil takwas daga Makkah. Sun shiga cikin gari da takubba a cikin kwarkwatarsu Zad al-Ma'ad 2/151; Fath Al-Bari 7/700], tare da Annabi a kan kan raƙuminsa, Al Qaswa ', yayin da Sahabban da ke kewaye suka mai da hankali ga kallonsu, duk suna cewa: "Ga ni! A hidimarka Ya Allah! " Quraishawa sun bar wurin kuma sun yi ritaya zuwa tantunansu a kan tuddan da ke kusa. Musulmai sun yi Tawafi da karfi da sauri; kuma bisa ga shawarar Annabi sun yi iyakacin kokarinsu na bayyana karfi da tsayuwa a dawafinsu kamar yadda mushrikai suka watsa jita -jita cewa sun kasance masu rauni saboda zazzabin Yasriba ya tsage karfinsu. An umarce su da su yi tsere a zagaye uku na farko sannan su shiga sauran. A halin yanzu Makkan sun yi layi a saman Dutsen Qu’aiqa’an suna kallon Musulmai, daure da harshe don shaida karfin su da sadaukarwar su.<ref name="Mubarakpuri">{{citation |author=Mubarakpuri, S. R. |author-link=Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri |title=Ar-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm ''("The Sealed Nectar")'' |chapter=The Compensatory ‘Umrah (Lesser Pilgrimage) |chapter-url=http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch6s4.html |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/614HglZOe?url=http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch6s4.html |archive-date=2011-08-20 |access-date=2006-07-25}}</ref>}} == Duba kuma == * [[Hajjin bankwana]] == Manazarta == dx2oh5sr6w2dfphmt8gic1z2k9491mw 0 26909 550007 493628 2024-12-02T05:39:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Frank Donga .jpg|thumb|hoton frank donga]] [[Fayil:Victoria Daily Times (1925-06-09) (IA victoriadailytimes19250609).pdf|thumb|Wannan jarida labarin sune]] '''Kunle Idowu''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Frank Donga,''' ɗan [[Ɗan Nijeriya|wasan]] kwaikwayo ne kuma ɗan wasan barkwanci na Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://africamagic.dstv.com/news/nominees-announced-for-2015-amvcas|title=Nominees Announced for 2015 AMVCAs|website=Africa Magic Official Website - Nominees Announced for 2015 AMVCAs|access-date=2018-03-30}}</ref> [[File:Kunle Babajide Yoruba Native Nigerian Citizen.jpg|thumb|Kunle idowu ]] Ya shahara a fannoni da yawa ,har da hanyar shafukan yanar gizo, ''The Interview,''<ref>{{Citation|last=Adetiba|first=Kemi|title=The Wedding Party|date=2017-05-20|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5978822/|others=Alibaba Akporobome, Zainab Balogun, Daniella Down|accessdate=2018-03-30}}</ref> a kan Ndani TV game da wani mai neman aiki mara kunya wanda aka zabe shi a matsayin Mafi kyawun Jarumi a cikin Ƙyautar [[Afirka]] Magic Viewers Choice Award a 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.informationng.com/2017/08/use-comedy-journalism-frank-donga.html|title='How I Use Comedy For Journalism' – Frank Donga|date=2017-08-05|work=INFORMATION NIGERIA|access-date=2018-03-31}}</ref> Ya ci gaba da fitowa a cikin fina-finai da yawa kamar ''Bikin Bikin aure'' da kuma mabiyinsa ''The Wedding Party 2''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.asikobeampeh.com/2017/11/kunle-idowu-frank-donga-frankly.html|title=KUNLE IDOWU 'FRANK DONGA' : FRANKLY SPEAKING ABOUT WORK AND LIFE|website=www.asikobeampeh.com|access-date=2018-03-30}}</ref> A baya yana aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida, kuma yana aiki a matsayin mai ɗaukar hoto da mai shirya fina-finai. == Rayuwa ta sirri. == [[Fayil:With Botha in the field (IA withbothainfield00ritc).pdf|thumb]] Idowu ya halarci Jami’ar Jihar Ogun ( Jami’ar Olabisi Onabanjo a yanzu) inda ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin Kimiyyar Noma da kuma Jami’ar Ibadan, inda kuma ya samu digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin halittar dabbobi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://henryokelue.com/i-want-to-be-remembered-for-using-unconventional-means-to-bring-attention-to-global-issue-a13b964053ad|title=I want to be remembered for using unconventional means to bring attention to a global…|date=2017-08-14|work=Loop of Henry|access-date=2018-03-30}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Fina-finai. == {| class="wikitable" |+Fina-finai na Fim ! Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula ! Ref |- | 2016 | <nowiki><i id="mwLQ">Bikin Aure</i></nowiki> | Harrison, direban | | |- | rowspan="6" |2017 | ''TATU'' | | | |- | ''[[Idahosa Trails|Gwajin Idahosa]]'' | Pastor Osas | ''Fim game da al'amuran rayuwa na Bishop Benson Idahosa''<ref>{{Citation|title=Lights, Camera, Action: Top Nollywood Movies Of 2017 • Channels Television|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2018/01/01/lights-camera-action-top-nollywood-movies-of-2017/|accessdate=2018-03-31}}</ref> |<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-08-20|title=Hits and Misses of Oluseyi Asurf's Hakkunde - Vanguard News|work=Vanguard News|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/08/hits-misses-oluseyi-asurfs-hakkunde/|access-date=2018-03-31}}</ref> |- | ''Ta tunani'' | Akin | | |- | ''Hakkundde'' | Akande | ''Matsayin jagora'' ''Ya mayar da halinsa na wanda ya kammala digiri mara aikin yi'' | |- | ''Farashin OAP'' | Sikiru | | |- | ''Bikin Aure 2'' | Harrison | | |- | rowspan="7" |2018 | ''Kwarewar Falz: Fim ɗin'' | | | |- | ''Miliyan 200'' | | | |- | ''Kwanan wata bakwai da rabi'' | Frank | | |- | ''Mai wanki'' | Baba Mai gida | ''Fim na Etinosa Idemudia'' | |- | Funke! | John | | |- | ''mararraba'' | | | |- | ''Allahn Baƙo'' | Winter Kunte | | |- | 2020 | ''Aiki mai laushi'' | | | |- | 2021 | ''Haddiya'' | | | |} {| class="wikitable" |+Matsayin Talabijin. ! Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | 2013-2015 | ''Tattaunawar'' | rowspan="2" | Frank Donga | Jerin Yanar Gizo a Ndani TV |- | 2016 - yanzu | ''The Boot'' | Tare da Denrele Edun akan EbonyLife TV |- | rowspan="2" | 2017 | ''Flatmates'' | Dede Malik | |- | ''The Condo'' | Jeff |<ref>{{Cite news|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|title=Pete Edochie, Sam Dede, Onyeka Onwenu, Kemi Lala Akindoju star in "Foreigner"s God"|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/pete-edochie-sam-dede-onyeka-onwenu-in-foreigners-god-id8177631.html|access-date=2018-03-31|archive-date=2018-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401213057/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/pete-edochie-sam-dede-onyeka-onwenu-in-foreigners-god-id8177631.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Foreigner's God (2018)|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8427592/fullcredits|access-date=2018-07-28}}</ref> |} == Kyaututtuka da Tantancewa == === Kyautar Zaɓin Masu Kallon Afirka === == Manazarta. == {{reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[Category:Ƴan Fim]] av9xgbkeg6kgwl72jfy5snbeo84w47b 0 27257 549559 280657 2024-12-01T17:48:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Motorcycle accident in Braga.jpg|thumb|Shirin Fim]] '''''Accident''''' (Hausa;''Hatsari''), fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo mai ban sha'awa wanda aka yi a 2013 na Najeriya wanda Teco Benson ya shirya kuma ya ba da umarni tare da Kalu Ikeagwu da [[Chioma Chukwuka]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://momo.com.ng/trailers/chioma-akpotha-kalu-ikeagwu-in-accident/ |title=Chioma Akpotha and Kalu Ikeagwu in Accident |publisher=momo.com.ng |accessdate=22 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715184320/http://momo.com.ng/trailers/chioma-akpotha-kalu-ikeagwu-in-accident/ |archivedate=15 July 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nollywooduncut.com/movies-coming-soon/364-accident-the-movie-set-for-release-staring-chioma-chukwuka-and-kalu-ikweagu |title=Accident set for Release |publisher=nollywooduncut.com |accessdate=22 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140206110729/http://nollywooduncut.com/movies-coming-soon/364-accident-the-movie-set-for-release-staring-chioma-chukwuka-and-kalu-ikweagu |archivedate=6 February 2014 }}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun fina-finan Najeriya a gasar fina-finan Afirka karo na 10. Har ila yau, tana da zabuka 3 a cikin 2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/movies/nigerian-entertainment-awards-2014-davido-accident-hoays-tiwa-top-nigerian-entertainment-awards-2014-nominees-list-id2882630.html | title=Davido, Tiwa, HOAYS, Accident tops nomination list | publisher=pulse.ng | accessdate=22 June 2014 | archive-date=11 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611001723/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/nigerian-entertainment-awards-2014-davido-accident-hoays-tiwa-top-nigerian-entertainment-awards-2014-nominees-list-id2882630.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> Labarinsa ya shafi rayuwar wata lauya ce wadda wani abokin ciniki ya tuntube ta da neman saki tare da ƙarancin gamsuwa daga abokin tarayya a matsayin dalili. Lamarin da ba zato ba tsammani ya faru wanda ke haifar da sakamako da yawa.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://thenet.ng/2013/11/video-chioma-akpotha-kalu-ikeagwu-star-in-accident-trailer/ | title=Chioma Akpotha and Kalu Ikeagwu star in Accident | publisher=thenet.ng | accessdate=22 June 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704153833/http://thenet.ng/2013/11/video-chioma-akpotha-kalu-ikeagwu-star-in-accident-trailer/ | archive-date=4 July 2014 | url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ƴan wasa == * [[Chioma Chukwuka]] a matsayin Chy * Kalu Ikeagwu a matsayin Don * Frederick Leonard a matsayin Chike * Wale Macaulay a matsayin mai ba da shawara * Cassandra Odita a matsayin mahaifiyar Angela * Bukky Babalola a matsayin Ada * Eric Anderson * George Davidson * Tope Osoba == Magana == [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] 822ye1kovhwvgckda3xqwma5ap68r5i 0 27270 549844 249790 2024-12-01T21:29:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Banana Island Ghost''''' ('''''BIG''''') fim ne na ban dariya na fantasy na 2017 na Najeriya. BB Sasore ne ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni kuma Derin Adeyokunnu da Biola Alabi ne suka shirya fim ɗin. Taurarinsa [[Chigul]], Patrick Diabuah, [[Ali Nuhu]], Saheed Balogun, [[Tina Mba]] da Bimbo Manuel.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/photos-from-banana-island-ghost-premiere-id7041682.html|title=Damilola Attoh, Biola Alabi, Chigul, Omawumi attend "Banana Island Ghost" premiere|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|publisher=|access-date=2021-11-19|archive-date=2018-06-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630183706/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/photos-from-banana-island-ghost-premiere-id7041682.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Labari == Mutumin da ya mutu sakamakon haɗari yana jin tsoron zuwa sama domin ba shi da abokin aure. Ya yi sulhu da Ubangiji wanda ya ba shi kwana uku ya koma duniya ya nemo. An haɗa shi da Ijeoma, wadda ke da kwanaki uku ta tsare gidan mahaifinta da ke tsibirin Banana daga bankin ya karɓo.<ref>{{Citation|title=Banana Island Ghost (2017) - IMDb|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8149090/plotsummary|language=en|access-date=2019-04-19}}</ref> == Yan wasa == * [[Chigul|Chioma "Chigul" Omeruah]] a matsayin Ijeoma * Patrick Diabuah a matsayin Patrick (Ghost) * Bimbo Manuel a matsayin Allah * Saheed Balogun a matsayin jami’in ‘yan sanda na shiyya * [[Ali Nuhu]] a matsayin Sarki * [[Tina Mba]] a matsayin mahaifiyar Ijeoma * Akah Nnani a matsayin Seargent * [[Uche Jombo]] a matsayin mahaifiyar Patrick * [[Kemi Lala Akindoju]] a matsayin shugabar makarantar * [[makida Moka]] a matsayin Indian Ninja * [[Adetomiwa Edun]] a matsayin Akin * [[Dorcas Shola-Fapson|Dorcas Shola Fapson]] a matsayin budurwar Akin * [[Damilola Adegbite]] a matsayin kanta (cameo) == liyafar == ''Nollywood Reinvented ya'' kimanta fim ɗin a kashi 59% cikin 100.<ref>{{cite web|author=by&nbsp;Nollywood REinvented |url=http://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2018/05/banana-island-ghost-b-g.html |title=Banana Island Ghost (B.I.G) |publisher=Nollywood REinvented |date=2018-05-03 |accessdate=2018-07-31}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|8149090|Banana Island Ghost}} * {{YouTube|iYvjcNkgqw0|Official trailer}} [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] 9cm4dqud3k3dpj13w1ribtj2dhjznyi 0 27306 549968 445535 2024-12-02T04:06:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ƙarshen Mugaye''' fim ne na ban tsoro na 1999 na Najeriya wanda Teco Benson ya ba da umarni kuma Helen Ukpabio ta rubuta. Ya ba da labarin yadda duhu ke lalatar da mutanen kirki da kuma yadda ake cetonsu da ikon Allah Madaukaki.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Obi |first1=Jonathan |title=End Of The Wicked :1999 Watch+Download |url=http://afrihype.blogspot.com/2015/03/end-of-wicked-1999-watchdownload.html |website=AFRI HYPE |publisher=Jonathan Obi |accessdate=8 November 2018}}</ref> == Takaitaccen labari == An saita a cikin yanayin yanayi na Afirka, yaƙin da ke gudana tsakanin sojojin nagarta da mugunta an faɗa da wani tsari na allahntaka. Labari mai ban tsoro na Najeriya, Ƙarshen Mugunta yana kamawa kuma yana ba da labarin makomar miyagu da sakamakon masu adalci a cikin duniyar da ba ta dace ba. Wannan labari na Littafi Mai-Tsarki game da makomar masu adalci da azzalumai ana ba da labarinsa da irin wannan kamanceceniya da zance da wasan kwaikwayo. Fitaccen jarumin wasan kwaikwayo, Alex Usifo-Omiagbo, wannan yaƙin na nuni da faɗuwar miyagu daga ɓangarorin rashin tausayin su, har zuwa ɗinsu. == Yan wasa == * Charles Okafor * Hilda Dokubo * Alex Usifo Omiagbo * Patience Oseni * Larry Okon * Maryam Ushi * Helen Ukpabio * Elizabeth Akpabio * Iniobong Ukpabio * Kanu Unoaba * Abasiofon * Ramsey Nuhu * Mfonido Ukpabio == liyafa == Fim ydin ya jawo cece-kuce a Najeriya da ƙasashen waje.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/nigeria-fear-child-witchcraft-ruins-young-lives-181112055349338.html|title=How Nigeria's fear of child 'witchcraft' ruins young lives|first=Marc|last=Ellison|website=www.aljazeera.com|accessdate=24 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/she-said/2014/apr/13/this-christian-preacher-should-not-have-been-allowed-to-bring-her-witch-hunt-into-this-country|title=This Christian preacher should not have been allowed to bring her 'witch hunt' into this country|first=Tracy|last=McVeigh|date=13 April 2014|website=the Guardian|accessdate=24 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/22/us/22beliefs.html|title=A Nigerian Witch-Hunter Defends Herself|first=Mark|last=Oppenheimer|publisher=|accessdate=24 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/5-scariest-nollywood-movie-of-all-time-id7506738.html|title=5 scariest Nollywood movie of all time|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|publisher=|accessdate=24 November 2018|archive-date=25 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181125030739/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/5-scariest-nollywood-movie-of-all-time-id7506738.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/5612/i-will-never-stop-fighting-witchcrafthelen-ukpabi.html|title=I will never stop fighting witchcraft...........Helen Ukpabio.|publisher=|accessdate=24 November 2018}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] 7d2x7ixgkamma317chlr4s64psxo9aq 0 27333 549533 491967 2024-12-01T16:53:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Hotel del charro la jolla jagrafx.jpg|thumb|''A Hotel Called Memory'']] '''''Wani Otal mai suna Memory''''' fim ne na[[Nollywood]] wanda akayi a 2017 wanda Akin Omotoso ya jagoranta. Sanannen ga rashin tattaunawa, an kira shi "fim ɗin shiru na farko na Najeriya". <ref>[https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/weekend-beats/when-the-stars-gathered-for-no-dialogue-movie-a-hotel-called-memory-in-lagos/ When the stars gathered for ‘no dialogue’ movie: A hotel called memory in Lagos] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121045556/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/weekend-beats/when-the-stars-gathered-for-no-dialogue-movie-a-hotel-called-memory-in-lagos/ |date=2021-11-21 }}, ''[[The Guardian]]'', 25 November 2017.</ref> Fim ɗin am shirya kuma an haska shi a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], [[Cape Town]] da [[Zanzibar]], fim din ya ba da labarin wata mata da ta rabu da mijinta a Legas kuma ta yanke shawarar tafiya wasu sassan duniya don gano kanta.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/a-hotel-called-memory-a-nigerian-film-with-no-dialogue-id7403322.html|title="A Hotel Called Memory" is one of a kind: a Nigerian film with no dialogue|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2018-11-18|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118083321/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/a-hotel-called-memory-a-nigerian-film-with-no-dialogue-id7403322.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=NOLLYWOOD NETPLUS 2018 LATEST NIGERIAN MOVIES|title=A HOTEL CALLED MEMORY(THE BEST 2017 LATEST NIGERIAN MOVIE) - 2018 LATEST NIGERIAN MOVIES|date=2018-02-22|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BwZBAl2cDps|access-date=2018-11-18}}</ref> [[Branwen Okpako]] [[Ego Boyo|ne ya rubuta, Ego Boyo]] ne ya shirya fim ɗin kuma tauraruwar [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] . Ya lashe kyautar masu sauraro don mafi kyawun fim na gwaji a BlackStar Film Festival a [[Philadelphia]] . <ref name="Anazia">Daniel Anazia, [https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/a-hotel-called-memory-comes-on-big-screen-in-lagos-tomorrow/ A Hotel Called Memory comes on big screen in Lagos tomorrow] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106085250/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/a-hotel-called-memory-comes-on-big-screen-in-lagos-tomorrow/ |date=2020-11-06 }}, ''[[The Guardian]]'', 18 November 2017.</ref> ==Manazarta== [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] 447wcw002ke92bapnil49aee6sp5433 0 27490 550240 475135 2024-12-02T09:59:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:NTA Mark.png|thumb|Mark Na NTA]] '''Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya''' '''(NTA)''' [[Najeriya|mallakin gwamnatin Najeriya]] ce kuma mai watsa shirye-shiryenta ne na kasuwanci. <ref>[http://www.nta.ng/about-us/ "The Nigerian Television Authority - About Us".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127175444/https://www.nta.ng/about-us/ |date=2021-11-27 }} Nigerian Television Authority. Accessed February 2016.</ref> Asali anfi saninshi da '''Gidan Talabijin na Najeriya''' (NTV), an ƙaddamar da shi a cikin shekarar 1977 tare da mallakin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin na ƙasa, bayan karɓar gidajen telebijin na yanki da hukumomin gwamnatin soja suka yi a shekara ta 1976. Bayan raguwar sha'awa daga jama'a a cikin shirye-shiryen da gwamnati ke tasiri, sai aka rasa mallakar shi ta hanyar watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin a Najeriya a cikin 1990s. NTA ita ce ke gudanar da gidan talabijin mafi girma a Najeriya tare da tashoshi a yankuna da dama na ƙasar. Ana kallon sa a matsayin "sahihiyar murya" ta gwamnatin Najeriya. == Tarihi == === Tashoshin watsa shirye-shirye na farko a Najeriya === Gidan talabijin na farko a Najeriya, Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Gwamnatin Yammacin Najeriya (WNTV) ya fara watsa labarai a ranar 31 ga Oktoba shekara ta 1959. Shugabanta na farko shi ne Olapade Obisesan, wani lauya da aka horar a [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]] kuma dan Akinpelu Obisesan, wani dan [[Ibadan|kishin]] zamantakewar Ibadan kuma shugaban farko na Bankin Hadin Kan Najeriya. Vincent Maduka, tsohon injiniya, ya kasance Babban Manaja. An kafa shi ne a Ibadan, yana mai da shi tashar watsa shirye-shirye ta farko a Afirka mai zafi, kodayake yawancin sassan arewacin Afirka suna da tashoshin telebijin. A watan Maris na na shekara ta1962, aka kafa Rediyo-Talabijin Kaduna / Rediyon Kaduna (RKTV). An kafa shi ne a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] kuma Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Arewacin Najeriya ne ke aiki da shi. RKTV ya kuma bayar da labarai ga jihohin arewa ta tsakiya; ta bude sababbin tashoshi a [[Zariya]] a watan Yulin 1962 da kuma [[Kano (birni)|kano]] a watan Fabrairun 1963. Daga baya a shekarar 1977, an sake sanya masa suna zuwa NTV-Kaduna. A watan Afrilun a shekara ta 1962, aka kafa Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Najeriya (NBC) a matsayin sabis na mallakar gwamnatin tarayya wanda ke da cibiya a cikin garin [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], yana watsa shirye-shirye zuwa jihohin kudu maso yamma. An kafa MidWest TV a cikin 1972 a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shiryen TV na [[Port Harcourt|Fatakwal]] . Gwamnatin jihar ce ke gudanar da shi a [[Benin]] . Tashar Talabijin ta haɗin gwiwa Benuwai da Filato (BPTV) an kafa ta a 1974 tare da hedkwata a [[Jos]] . Ita ce tashar talabijin ta farko da ta fara watsa labaran launi na dindindin / dindindin a Afirka. Rarraba gwajin launi ta fara ne a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1975. Daga baya aka sake sanya BPTV a matsayin NTV-Jos. An kafa NTA a 1977. Zuwa watan Mayu 1977 dukkan masu watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin a jihar da aka lissafa a sama sun kasance haɗe kuma an sake sanya su a matsayin Talbijin na Najeriya (NTV) kuma mallakar Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya ce. Obisesan da Makuda sun ci gaba a matsayin shugaba da Janar Manaja na NTA. Ya zuwa shekarar 1979, NTA ta kai kusan kashi 20% na yawan jama'ar Nijeriya. === Shirye-shiryen farko === ==== 1977-1990: Sadarwar da aka samar a cikin gida ==== Shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo kamar silsilar da jerin abubuwan tarihi sun kasance da wuya a gidajen telebijin na yanki kafin a kafa NTA a 1977. Shirye-shiryen TV kamar su Musa Olaiya na ''Alawada'' a WNTV (daga baya NTA Ibadan), ''Shugaban Kauyen'' da ''Hotel de Jordan'' akan NTA Benin sun samu yaɗuwa sosai bayan hadewar. Baya ga waɗannan sanannun wasan kwaikwayon, akwai ƙaramin abun asali na asali a cikin jerin shirye-shirye masu ban mamaki yayin ƙarni na 1970s. {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} Zuwa 1980, lokacin da sabuwar hanyar sadarwa ta NTA ta karɓe tashoshin watsa labarai mallakar ƙasar a cikin ƙasar, an yi wani ƙoƙarin haɗa ƙarfi don kara ingancin abubuwan da ake samarwa a cikin gida. NTA ta fara bayar da tallafi ga samar da sanannun shirye-shiryen sadarwar kasar gaba ɗaya kamar su ''Tales da Moonlight'', ''Cockcrow at Dawn'', da ''Mirror in the Sun'' a farkon shekarar 1977. A shekarar 1982, wasan kwaikwayo da gidan talbijin na NTA Sakkwato suka samar, ''Moment of Truth ce ta'' sami kyauta a bikin na biyar na URTNA da aka gudanar a [[Aljir|Algiers]] . Don haɓaka sha'awa ga abubuwan watsa shirye-shirye na asali daga masana'antun Najeriya, cibiyar sadarwar ta sanya rufin watsa shirye-shirye na 20% don warewa ga shirye-shiryen ƙasashen waje, a lokacin lokacin da kuɗin sayan waɗannan shirye-shiryen ya yi ƙasa da waɗanda ake samarwa a cikin gida. {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} ''Cockcrow at Dawn'', wani wasan kwaikwayo ne na tallata harkar noma wanda UBA ta dauki nauyinsa kuma Peter Igho ne ya shirya shi, wanda ya jagoranci kyautar lambar yabo ta ''Moment of Truth'', ta zama daya daga cikin jerin wasannin kwaikwayo na farko da aka watsa a kasa baki daya a Najeriya. {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} Koyaya, an ɗan gajarta saboda "cututtukan tsarin gwamnati". ''Acada Campus'', wani shiri da Bode Sowande ya shirya, shima bai daɗe ba. Wadannan jerin an same su sosai saboda albarkatun NTA akan watsa labarai. A cikin 1980s, an inganta jerin shahararrun wasan kwaikwayo na sabulu a kan hanyar sadarwar. {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} Na farko shi ne Iskar Laolu Ogunniyi a ''kan'' Rana, sai kuma ''Mai Kyau ko Mummuna'' da kuma Madarar Lola Fani Kayode ''a Rana'' . Na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka samar a shekarar 1983, ya samu karbuwa daga masu suka, {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} amma an katse watsa shirye-shiryensa bayan shekaru biyu saboda rashin tallafin kudi. A tsakiyar 1980s, wani rukuni na wasan kwaikwayo na sabulu ya mamaye iska, gami da gajeren gajere ''Bayan Giza-gizai'' da ''Juyawa'' . A cikin shekara ta 1984, NTA ta fara watsa Labarai/Tatsuniya a ''(Moonlight)'', shirin yara wanda ke ba da labarun al'adun gargajiya na Afirka. Har ila yau, hanyar sadarwar tana watsa shirye-shiryen Adelia Onyedibia na [[Chinua Achebe]] 's ''Things Fall Apart'' a 1986. {{Sfn|Ayakoroma|2014}} Har ila yau, hanyar sadarwar ta haɓaka fitattun jerin abubuwan barkwanci a wannan lokacin kamar ''Sabon Masquerade'' da [[Ken Saro-Wiwa|Ken Saro Wiwa]] 's ''Basi and Company'' . {{Sfn|Ayakoroma|2014}} Ɗaya daga cikin farkon wasan kwaikwayo na cibiyar sadarwar shine gida mai ''no. 13'' (1984) tare da Wale Ogunyemi ;, wani gidan zama mai gamsar da zamantakewa da zamantakewar 'ƴan Najeriya. Basi and Company, wani jerin wasan ''barkwanci da aka yaba da'' {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} wanda ke nuna Albert Egbe an watsa shi a cikin 1985. ''Shugaban'' ''Kauye'', ''Koko Close'' da Samanja, jerin shirye-shirye uku da ake magana da su a cikin [[Pidgin na Najeriya|Pidgin Nigerian]], an watsa su a duk faɗin ƙasar. ==== 1990s: Sashe na kasuwanci ==== A karkashin shirin na gyara tsarin da gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida|Ibrahim Babangida ta kaddamar]], an bukaci NTA ta rika tallata wasu lokutan ta a wani yunƙuri na nisantar watsa shirye-shiryen jama'a zuwa wani ɓangaren watsa shirye-shirye na kasuwanci. Hakan ya haifar da kara shirye-shiryen addini da ake ɗaukar nauyi da kuma dillalan labarai da watsa shirye-shiryen bikin aure da jana'iza kai tsaye a kan hanyar sadarwar. NTA ta kuma ci gaba da nuna fitattun wasannin wasan kwaikwayo na sabulu irin su ''Mind Bending'' na Lola Fani-Kayode, ''Ripples'' na Zeb Ejiro da ''Checkmate'' na Amaka Igwe . ''Ripples'', wanda ya fara a 1988, ya zama wasan opera na sabulu mafi dadewa na hanyar sadarwa, wanda ya ƙare a 1993. {{Sfn|Ayakoroma|2010}} ''Checkmate'' by Amaka Igwe, tare da [[Richard Mofe-Damijo|Richard Mofe Damijo]], Bob-Manuel Udokwu, Ego Boyo, Kunle Bamtefa da Mildred Iweka, sun kaddamar da aikin. daga cikin fitattun ‘yan Najeriya da dama. Bayan ƙarshen ''Ripples'' da ''Checkmate'', NTA ya inganta nunin ''Blossom'' da ''Fortunes'', amma waɗannan jerin sun sha wahala daga raguwar kallo. A wannan lokacin NTA, wacce a baya tana da ikon watsa shirye-shirye, ta fuskanci gasa daga sabbin masu shiga irin su Talabijin Mai Zaman Kanta na Afirka. Don gasa, da cibiyar sadarwa gabatar Firayim lokaci Latin American telenovelas kamar ''The Rich Also Cry'', ''Asirin da Sand'' kuma ''Wild Rose'' . Shirye-shiryen yara ko na ilimi yawanci yana faruwa tsakanin 06:30{{Spaces}}karfe 07:00 na yamma{{Spaces}}pm. Nunin sun haɗa da ''lokacin Nishaɗi'', ''Ƙwallon Karatu'', ''Yi aiki da shi'', da ''Ɗauki Mataki'' . A cikin 1999, cibiyar sadarwar ta gabatar da talabijin na karin kumallo tare da ''AM Express'' . <ref>Nigeria: Viewers welcome breakfast TV. (1999, Nov 29). BBC Monitoring Media Retrieved from Proquest</ref> === Labarai === Shirye-shiryen labarai sun kasance jigon NTA da ƙoƙarin gwamnati na samar da haɗin kan ƙasa. Cibiyar sadarwa ta tabbatar da cewa masu gabatar da labarai ba kawai karanta shirye-shiryen rubutun ba amma sun kasance wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar tattara labarai. Kamar yadda yawancin marubutansu na farko suka fito daga aikin jarida, NTA ta tabbatar da cewa marubuta sun fahimci mahimmancin rubutu don gabatar da gani. NTA ta gabatar da sabon layi na masu ba da labarai da masu ba da rahoto kamar Ronke Ayuba, John Momoh, Cyril Stober, [[Bimbo Oloyede]], Ruth Opia, Sienne Allwell-Brown da Sola Omole. An kuma gabatar da shirye-shiryen labarai na musamman kamar Frank Olise's ''Newsline.'' Manyan shirye-shiryen labarai sune ''Labaran Sadarwa a Tara'', Labarai na mintuna 5 ''a Taƙaice da'' ƙarfe 5:00{{Spaces}}pm, da kuma labarai na mintuna ''15'' a 11:00{{Spaces}}pm. A cikin shekarun 1990, NTA ta shiga cikin wasu tashoshin tashoshi na gwamnati wajen tallata wasu abubuwan da suka shafi rahotannin labarai ta hanyar hada bukukuwa, al'amuran zamantakewa, al'adu da kasuwanci a cikin labarai ko a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin labarai don biyan kuɗi. {{Sfn|Esan|2009}} == Shirye-shiryen Ƙarni na 21 == Tun daga 2013, shirye-shiryen hanyar sadarwa na tilas sun mamaye lokacin isar yawancin tashoshin NTA na gida. An ba da tashoshin gida zaɓi na lokacin watsa shirye-shiryen gida daga takamaiman lokaci. {{Sfn|Akingbulu|2010}} A lokacin rana, mujallar tana nunawa kamar ''AM Express'', daga baya aka sake masa suna ''Good Morning Nigeria'', ana watsa shi na awanni 2½ daga 6:30{{Spaces}}na zuwa 9:00{{Spaces}}na safe da kuma daga Litinin zuwa Juma'a, amma sauran shirye-shiryen suna zuwa sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a kowane mako. Wasan kwaikwayo na hanyar sadarwa kamar ''Super Story'' da ''Stand Up Nigeria'' yawanci ana watsa su a ranakun Talata da Alhamis 8:00{{Spaces}}ramin pm. Fitattun shirye-shiryen wasanni sun haɗa da ''A filin wasa'' a ranar Litinin. NTA, wacce a baya tana da wasu shirye-shiryen yara na asali, sun kulla haɗin gwiwa tare da Viacom don watsa shirye-shiryen [[Nickelodeon]] yayin 5-7.&nbsp;lokacin pm ga yara da talabijin na koyarwa. === Labaran Sadarwa === Yawancin labaran NTA sun ba da rahoton ayyukan gwamnati. {{Sfn|Esan|2009}} Babban samar da labarai shine ''Labaran Sadarwa'', shirin na tsawon sa'o'i wanda ke zuwa da karfe 9:00&nbsp;pm Litinin-Jumma'a sai ranar Laraba, lokacin da aka maye gurbinsa da ''Ƙarin Labarai'' . ''Labaran Sadarwa'' galibi suna farawa ne da labarai daga fadar shugaban kasa, sannan labarai daga [[Majalisar Najeriya|Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa]], sannan kuma ma'aikatu da gwamnatocin jihohi. Sauran abubuwan samar da labarai sun haɗa da ''Labarai a 7'' da ''Labaran ƙasa'' a 4&nbsp;pm. Rahoton bincike da labarun ɗan adam yawanci suna ƙarƙashin ayyukan gwamnati, ban da ''Newsline da'' ke fitowa a yammacin Lahadi. Na 9{{Spaces}}Shirin labarai na pm yana da ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman ƙimar tallan hanyar sadarwar don tallace-tallace na daƙiƙa 30. {{Sfn|Akingbulu|2010}} An saka sassan labarai da aka biya kamar 'Labaran Sha'awa ta Musamman' a cikin labaran watsa shirye-shiryen hanyar sadarwa kamar ''Newsline'' ko 9{{Spaces}}labaran sadarwar pm. {{Sfn|Akingbulu|2010}} Sauran abubuwan da aka fi sani da labarai sun hada da ''Panorama'', ''Ƙarfe ɗaya Live'', ''A cikin Majalisar Dattijai'', da ''Kai da Wakilinku'' . {{Sfn|Esan|2009}} === Shirye-shiryen da ake shigo da su === ==== Tsoho ==== '''Mai rairayi''' * ''Kasadar Teddy Ruxpin'' * ''Kasadar Karamin Yarima'' * ''Atom Ant'' * ''Yakin Duniya'' * ''Bear, Tiger da sauran su'' * ''Bertha'' * ''Biker Mice Daga Mars'' * ''Birdman da kuma Galaxy Trio'' * ''Hasken Wuta'' * ''Kyaftin Planet da Planeteers'' * ''Casper the Friendly Ghost'' * ''Hatsarin linzamin kwamfuta'' * ''Dennis the Menace'' * ''Dino-Mahaya'' * ''DoDo, The Kid from Outer Space'' * ''Dungeons &amp;amp; Dodanni'' * ''Tatsuniya na Green Forest'' * ''Groovie Goolies'' * ''G-Force'' * ''Harlem Globetrotters'' * ''Shi-Man da Malaman Duniya'' * ''Hulk Mai Girma'' * ''Inspector Gadget'' * ''Jimbo da Jet-Set'' * ''Johnny Bravo'' * ''Sarki Rollo'' * ''Ƙananan Mayu'' * ''Bus Makarantar Magic'' * ''Muppet Babies'' * ''Sabon Shmoo'' * ''Ovide da Gang'' * ''Titin Tattabara'' * ''Pingu'' * ''Pinky da Brain'' * ''Samurai Jack'' * ''Samurai X'' * ''Sirrin Kunkuru'' * ''SilverHawks'' * ''Gudun tsere'' * ''Wasanni Billy'' * ''SuperTed'' * ''Matashi Mutant Ninja Kunkuru'' * ''ThunderCats'' * ''Subsauki'' * ''[[Tom da Jerry|Tom dan Jerry]]'' * ''Towser'' * ''Victor &amp;amp; Hugo: Bunglers a cikin Laifuka'' * ''Voltron: Mai kare Duniya'' '''Shirye-shiryen Yara''' * ''3-2-1 Tuntuɓi'' * ''Dabbobin Kwackers'' * ''ChuckleHounds'' * ''Fraggle Rock'' * ''Wutar Wuta'' * ''Rentaghost'' * ''Titin Sesame'' * ''Terrahawks'' * ''Ƙungiyar Waterville'' '''Wasan kwaikwayo''' * ''Charlie's Mala'iku'' * ''Likitan Wane'' * ''Wani Mala'ika ya taɓa shi'' * ''Yawon shakatawa'' '''Abin ban dariya''' * ''Kula da Harshen ku'' * ''Muppet Show'' * ''Guma Mai Riga!'' * ''Wasu Iyayen Suna Yi 'Ave'em'' '''Wasanni''' * ''Telematch'' == NTA rassan da cibiyoyin sadarwa == Ya zuwa shekarar 2014, NTA tana da tashoshi 101 a cikin manyan jihohin Najeriya da garuruwa, tara daga cikinsu cibiyoyin sadarwa ne. Cibiyoyin sadarwar galibi sun samo asali ne daga tashoshin watsa shirye-shiryen farko na Najeriya, kuma suna Ibadan, Jos, Enugu, Kaduna, Legas, Benin, Makurdi, Maiduguri da Sokoto. {{Sfn|Esan|2009}} == Suka == NTA wani bangare na samun kuɗaɗe ne ta hanyar tsarin ƙasa. NTA dai ta fuskanci suka kan cewa abubuwan da ta shafi gwamnati da 'yan siyasa ne ke da tasiri. {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} An ce wannan tsangwama yana rage ƙwararrun masu watsa labarai a kan NTA. {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} {{Sfn|Esan|2009}} Hukumar ta NTA ta sha suka daga ’yan wasan kwaikwayo irin su [[Becky Umeh]] bisa zarginta da matsa mata da sauran masu fasaha don daidaita maganarsu da manufofin farfagandar gwamnati. A cikin edita a ranar 18 ga Oktoba, 2009, jaridar Legas ''The Guardian ta'' bayyana cewa "Kamfanin Talabijin mallakin gwamnatin tarayya, Hukumar Gidan Talabijin ta Najeriya, (NTA), za a iya cewa ita ce mafi girma a cikin nau'in ta a Afirka, amma har yanzu ba ta fara aiki ba. 'yancin da ake buƙata don haɓaka ƙarfinsa." An bayyana cewa yawaitar gidajen rediyon NTA a kowace babban birnin jihar ba su da amfani wajen yada labarai sai dai dalilai na siyasa. {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} Hakanan an soki hanyar sadarwar saboda amfani da tsohuwar fasahar zamani. {{Sfn|Omatsola|1998}} == Ayyuka masu alaƙa == An kafa sabis ɗin TV na dijital na NTA, Startimes, a cikin 2010 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tare da fasahar sadarwa ta Star Communications na China. Karin tashoshi na NTA sun hada da NTA Yoruba, NTA Ibo, NTA Hausa, NTA Sports 24 da NTA Parliamentary Channel. == Watsa shirye-shiryen duniya == Ana iya kallon shirye-shiryen NTA da yawa akan layi ta (Afirkast) da TelAfric Television a Amurka da Kanada. Ana yawan watsa labaran NTA a gidan Talabijin mai zaman kansa na Afirka da gidan talabijin na BEN da ke [[Birtaniya|Burtaniya]], inda kuma aka kaddamar da gidan talabijin a Sky a tashar 213 a shekarar 2008. Ya koma tashar 202 akan 1 Satumba 2008 don ba da sarari ga sabbin tashoshi. A farkon Maris na 2010, NTA ta ƙi watsa shirye-shirye a matsayin tashar biyan kuɗi akan Sky, kuma an cire ta daga Sky EPG a rana mai zuwa. Tashar ta dawo kan Sky a Burtaniya akan 20 Yuni 2018 akan tashar 781. Hakanan ana samun NTA akan dandamalin IPTV SuncasTV, kuma ta hanyar tauraron dan adam kyauta zuwa iska akan Galaxy 19, Intelsat 905 da Intelsat 507. == Sanannun ma'aikata == * Muhammad Kudu Abubakar - Newsreader ( ''Network News'' ), NTA Network * Chris Anyanwu - Mai karanta labarai kuma dan jarida, NTA Aba * Ben Murray-Bruce - Darakta-Janar na NTA (1999-2003) <ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/200307211265.html Nigeria: Exit of a Showman]</ref> * [[Julie Coker]] - Sabuwar mai karatu kuma mai gabatarwa ( ''Julie's World'' ), NTA Legas * Sadiq Daba – Furodusa kuma edita, NTA Sokoto and NTA Jos <ref>[https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/sadiq-daba-meet-one-of-nigerias-most-professional-broadcasters-actors/yjzszwz Sadiq Daba - Meet One of Nigeria's Most Professional Broadcasters]{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * [[Funmi Iyanda]] - Wakilin Wasanni kuma mai gabatarwa ( ''New Dawn On Ten'' ), NTA Lagos <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/life/walking-with-shadows-is-proof-that-funmi-iyanda-is-still-invested-in-telling-human-interest-stories/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2021-11-24 |archive-date=2020-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020071807/https://guardian.ng/life/walking-with-shadows-is-proof-that-funmi-iyanda-is-still-invested-in-telling-human-interest-stories/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Chuka Momah - Mai Gabatarwa ( ''Wasannin NTA'', ''Babban Yaki na Shekaru Goma'', ''Wasannin ban sha'awa'' ), NTA Network * John Momoh - Mai karanta ''Labarai (Labaran Sadarwa'' da ''Daren Yau A Tara'' ), NTA Network * [[Tade Ogidan]] - Producer/Director, NTA 2 Channel 5 <ref>[https://thenationonlineng.net/tade-ogidan-shines/ Tade Ogidan Shines]</ref> * [[Onyeka Onwenu]] - Mai karanta labarai kuma dan jarida, NTA Legas; mai gabatarwa ( ''Contact'' and ''Wanene Ke kunne?'' ), NTA Network * Nkem Owoh - Furodusa kuma mai karanta labarai, NTA Enugu * [[Bimbo Oloyede|Bimbo Roberts]] - Mai karanta ''Labarai (Labaran Sadarwa'' ), Cibiyar sadarwa ta NTA * Cyril Stober - Mai karanta ''Labarai (Labaran Sadarwa'' ), Cibiyar sadarwa ta NTA * Alex Usifo - Mataimakin / furodusa ayyuka, NTA Benin * Fatima Abbas Hassan - Newsreader ( ''News Extra'' ), NTA Network == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.nta.ng Shafin hukuma] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} j3moqp4kgkri4hrbwo1qe768nzpfkbm 0 27536 550071 491531 2024-12-02T06:26:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550071 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Gentle Jacks, Edinburgh (geograph 1846248).jpg|thumb|Gentle Jack]] '''Gentle Jack''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1970) ɗan [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ne kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya yi fice a fina-finai da yawa, yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban [[Nollywood|masana'antar fina-finan Najeriya]].<ref name=Punch>{{cite web|author=Olushola Ricketts|title=Producers can’t afford my fee –Gentle Jack |url=https://punchng.com/producers-cant-afford-my-fee-gentle-jack/ |website=punchng.com|date=23 September 2018|accessdate=18 November 2018}}</ref> Ya taka leda a cikin suna hali a cikin fim ''[[Vuga]]'', da aka jera, a watan Agusta 2018 kamar yadda ɗaya daga cikin goma mafi abin tunawa [[Sinima a Najeriya|Nijeriya film]] haruffa na 90s da 2000s ta mujallar ''Pulse.''<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/10-memorable-nollywood-movie-characters-of-the-90s-and-2000s-id8708086.html |title=10 memorable Nollywood movie characters of the 1990s & 2000s |last=Izuzu |first=Chidumga |website=Pulse |access-date=2018-11-10 |archive-date=2018-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111133637/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/10-memorable-nollywood-movie-characters-of-the-90s-and-2000s-id8708086.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gentle Jack ya kasance a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] tsawon rayuwarsa. A watan Satumba 2018, ya koma [[Port Harcourt|Fatakwal]].<ref name=Punch/> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|2203072}} [[Category:Ƴan Fim]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] kfro974iakwoe672g3sdw7wxoqagbog 0 27564 549877 445588 2024-12-01T22:41:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549877 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bryan Okwara''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Ikenna Bryan Okwara''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 1985) ɗan wasan Finafinai ne a [[Najeriya]] ne kuma ɗan asalin [[Inyamurai|Igbo]] kuma ɗan takara ne wanda ya lashe kambun Mr. Nigeria a 2007 kuma ya kai wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar Mister World 2007.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Okundia |first1=Jennifer |title=Mr Nigeria welcomes son with girlfriend |url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/02/17/mr-nigeria-welcomes-son-with-girlfriend/ |website=P.M. News |access-date=18 March 2021 |date=17 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ikenna Bryan Okwara - Nigeria |url=http://www.mrworld.tv/contestants.asp?item=94&page=3 |accessdate=2009-01-30 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207021004/http://www.mrworld.tv/contestants.asp?item=94&page=3 |archivedate=7 December 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Handsome Bryan Okwara |url=https://www.pulse.ng/gist/monday-celebrity-crush-the-handsome-bryan-okwara/kl4yd03 |website=Pulse Nigeria |access-date=18 March 2021 |date=7 July 2014 |archive-date=26 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126151413/https://www.pulse.ng/gist/monday-celebrity-crush-the-handsome-bryan-okwara/kl4yd03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta== {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|7376209}} [[Category:Ƴan Fim]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] pzfnzy07dumk149mjpefl32cb3snz07 0 27999 549950 491972 2024-12-02T02:03:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549950 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[File:Deyemi in Blink.jpg|thumb|Deyemi Okanlawon]] [[Fayil:Adeyemi Okanlawon.jpg|thumb|adeyemi]] '''Deyemi Okanlawon''' ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]], talabijin, wasan kwaikwayo da kuma ɗan wasan murya. Ya shahara da rawar da ya taka a cikin shirin gidan talabijin na ''Gidi Up'' da ''An African City'' kuma ya fito a cikin Fina-Finai, ''Idan Gobe Ya Taso'' da ''Hanyar Jiya'' da kuma fitowar sa a cikin faifan bidiyo da dama na [[Najeriya]] da suka hada da ''No be You'' by [[Waje]] da ''[[Soja]].'' by Falz The Bahd Guy.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2016/05/actor-deyemi-okanlawon-shows.html|title=Actor, Deyemi Okanlawon Shows Versatility In Falz’s Short Film Musical, ‘Soldier’|last=Dimorkorkus|first=Stella|date=16 May 2016|work=SDK|accessdate=27 June 2016|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Kuruciya == [[File:Gidi up.jpg|thumb]] An haifi Okanlawon a jihar [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]],<ref name="Style">{{cite news|url=http://www.stylevitae.com/deyemi-okanlawons-five-things-this-week/|title=DEYEMI OKANLAWON’S FIVE THINGS THIS WEEK|last=Vitae|first=Style|date=19 February 2015|work=Style Vitae|accessdate=27 June 2016|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=21 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160621150837/http://www.stylevitae.com/deyemi-okanlawons-five-things-this-week/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kudu maso yammacin [[Najeriya]] ga mahaifi Injiniyan Jirgin sama Adeyemi Okanlawon, da Adeyinka Okanlawon mai yin burodi kuma ɗan kasuwa. Ya yi karatun firamare a Taikenny Nursery and Primary School da ke [[Legas]], sannan ya yi sakandare a International School, [[Lagos|Legas]]. Daga nan ya ci gaba da karatun Injiniyan Kimiyya a Jami'ar [[Lagos|Legas]],<ref name="Style" /> [[Lagos]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]]. Tsohon mai yin burodi da tallace-tallace da tallace-tallace ya kuma sami takardar shedar aiki don Fim, daga Kwalejin Fim ta [[New York (jiha)|New York]].<ref name="9things">{{cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/deyemi-okanlawon-9-things-you-should-know-about-talented-actor-id4934890.html|title=9 things you should know about talented actor|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|date=19 March 2016|work=PulseNG|accessdate=24 October 2016|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=25 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161025044950/http://pulse.ng/movies/deyemi-okanlawon-9-things-you-should-know-about-talented-actor-id4934890.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sana'a == Okanlawon ya sami gogewarsa ta farko game da wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ɗan shekara 5, lokacin da ya fito a wasan 'ƙarshen shekara' lokacin yana makarantar firamare. A lokacin yana dan shekara, 9, Okanlawon ya fito a cikin wani tallan gidan Talabijin na ƙasa baki daya tare da [[Kunle Bamtefa]]. Yayin da yake Jami'ar [[Lagos|Legas]], Okanlawon ya zama memba mai himma a cikin kungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo Gf(x) (Kamfanin Harvesters), Xtreme Reaction da Snapshots (Cibiyar Kiristanci). <ref name="Many" /> Okanlawon ya fara fitowa a fim a cikin fim din ZR-7 na shekarar, 2010, kafin ya fito a wani gajeren fim mai suna A Grain of Wheat. Ya ci gaba da fitowa tare da shirya wasu gajerun fina-finai da yawa kuma a shekara ta, 2012 ya sami shahara saboda yawan fitowar da ya yi a cikin gajerun fina-finai da aka yi do yanar-gizo da jerin gidajen yanar gizo ciki har da Blink, 6:30pm da kuma Knock Knock. A cikin shekarar 2013 ya canza sana'a don mai da hankali kan yin cikakken lokaci kuma tun daga lokacin ya fito a cikin ƙimar fim sama da 50, ƙimar matakin 8 kuma ya fito a cikin tallace-tallacen OLX da GLO Television da kuma bidiyon kiɗa na Waje da Aramide. Ya kuma yi rawar gani a fina-finai irin su “Beyond Blood” na Greg Odutayo wanda ke yin fim din Joseph Benjamin da [[Kehinde Bankole]]; Pascal Amanfo's ''Idan Gobe Kada Ya Taba Zuwa'' Tauraruwarsa [[Yvonne Nelson]], Hanyar Ishaya Bako ''Zuwa Jiya'' tare da Genevieve Nnaji da Majid Michel da Pascal Amanfo's ''No Man's Land'' tare da Adjetey Anang. Ya kasance a cikin shirin NdaniTV na ''Gidi Up'' tare da [[OC Ukeje]], [[Titilope Sonuga]], [[Somkele Iyamah]] da [[Joke Silva]]. <ref name="ndanitv">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AiG-1GH9R8 Gidi cast on The Juice], Ndanitv, Retrieved 6 October 2016.</ref> Ya kuma yi fice a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV ''Taste Of Love'', ''Lekki Wives'', ''An African City'' and ''Dowry''. [[File:Kingjfranklyn-1589932470396.jpg|thumb|Deyemi Okanlawon]] A cikin shekarar, 2013, ya sami lambar yabo a matsayin mafi Jarumta (best actor) a cikin Short Film a bikin In-Short fim saboda rawar da ya taka a matsayin miji mai hankali a cikin mai ban sha'awa, ''Blink''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ibakatv.com/adeyemi-okanlawon|title=Adeyemi Okanlawon|last=Ibaka|first=TV|date=16 May 2016|work=IbakaTV.com|accessdate=27 June 2016|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-date=2 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102213143/https://ibakatv.com/adeyemi-okanlawon|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Okanlawon ya yi aure a watan Janairun shekarar, 2013. A ranar 10 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta, 2016, Okanlawon da matarsa Damilola sun tarbi ɗansu na farko. == Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role !Director !Notes |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |''ZR-7'' |Alabi |Udoka & Olufemi |Principal (Feature Film) |- |''Grain of Wheat'' |Saviour |Daniel & Ruyi |Lead Role/Short Film |- |2011 |''Dependence'' |Dayo |Brian Wilson |Lead/Short Film |- | rowspan="4" |2012 |''6:30PM'' |Ghost |Tonye Faloughi |Short Film/Supporting Role |- |''Journey To Self'' |Ex lover |[[Tope Oshin|Tope Oshin-Ogun]] |Feature Film alongside Ashionye Raccah, Katherine Obiang, Dakore Akande, Tina Mba and more |- |''Blink'' |Husband |Tolu Ajayi |Lead Role/Short Film |- |''Gidi Up Season 1'' |Tokunbo |Jade Osiberu |Lead/Series |- | rowspan="4" |2013 |''Kpians: The Feast of Souls'' |Eric |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Sub-Lead/Feature Film alongside [[Kiki Omeili]] and Ashionye Ugboh-Raccah |- |''+Kpians Premonition'' |Eric |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Sub-Lead/Web |- |''Gidi Up II'' |Tokunbo |Jade Osiberu |Lead/Series |- |''Oblivious'' |Charles |Stanlee Ohikhuare |Feature Film |- | rowspan="7" |2014 |''Dowry I'' |Demola |Victor Sanchez |Lead Role/Series |- |''Lekki Wives III'' |Hassan |Blessing Egbe |Supporting Role/Series |- |''A Place Called Happy'' |Dele |LowlaDee |Feature Film |- |''Perfect Imperfection'' |Kanmi |Ehizojie Ojesebholo |Lead Role/Feature Film |- |''Friends and Lovers'' |Frank |Yemi Morafa |Feature Film |- |''A Few Good Men'' |Wale |Ejiro Onobrakpor |Feature Film featuring [[Joseph Benjamin (actor)|Joseph Benjamin]] |- |''Vanity's Last Game'' |Justin |Ehizojie Ojesebholo |Feature Film |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |''Dowry II'' |Demola |Victor Sanchez |Feature Film featuring [[Iretiola Doyle]] |- |''If Tomorrow Never Comes'' |Kay |Pascal Amanfo |Feature Film featuring Yvonne Nelson |- |''Road To Yesterday'' |Michael |Ishaya Bako |Feature Film featuring [[Majid Michel]] and [[Genevieve Nnaji]] |- |''All Of Me'' |Chris |Okey Ifeanyi |Feature Film |- |''Undercover Lover'' |Mr Roberts |Okey Ifeanyi |Feature Film |- | rowspan="6" |2016 |''Desperate Housegirls 2 & 3'' |Femi |Sukanmi Adebayo & Akin-Tijani |Supporting Role/Series |- |''Tobi'' |Ha.foo.sa |Niyi Akinmolayan |Animated Series |- |''It's About Your Husband'' |Kay |Bunmi Ajakaiye |Feature Film |- |''Madam Caitlyn'' |Dr Sam | - |Feature film |- |''Asawana'' |Sere |Diminas Dagogo |Feature Film |- |''Dinner'' | - |Jay Franklin Jituboh |Feature Film featuring [[Iretiola Doyle]] and [[Richard Mofe-Damijo|Richard Mofe Damijo]] |- |2017 |''The Royal Hibiscus Hotel'' |Martin |[[Ishaya Bako]] | |- | rowspan="2" |2019 |''Pandora's Box'' | | | |- |<nowiki><i id="mwASM">Two Weeks in Lagos</i></nowiki> | | | |- |2020 |''Rise of the Saints'' | | | |- | rowspan="4" |2021 |''King of Boys: The Return of the King'' |Adetola Fashina |[[Kemi Adetiba]] |Netflix original limited series |- |''Swallow'' | | | |- |''Castle &amp;amp; Castle'' |Kwabena Mills | | |- |} == Kyautuka == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Lamarin ! Kyauta ! Mai karɓa ! Sakamako ! Ref |- | rowspan="4" | 2013 | rowspan="2" | Bikin Fim-Gajere | Mafi kyawun Jarumi a Gajeren Fim - Taimakon Rawar a cikin Fim ɗin Turanci (Mai Aure Amma Mai Rayuwa) | Deyemi Okanlawon ( ''Blink'' ) |{{Won}} | |- | Mafi kyawun Short Film | ''Kifta ido'' |{{Nom}} | |- | Kyautar Kyautar Zabin Viewer na Afirka (AMVCA) | Mafi kyawun Bidiyon Sabbin Watsa Labarai akan layi | ''Kpians Premonition'' |{{Won}} | |- | AFRINOLLY | Mafi kyawun raye-raye | ''In Iredu'' |{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood (BON). | Wahayin Shekara | Deyemi Okanlawon ( ''Idan Gobe Ba Ta Taba Zuwa'' ) |{{Won}} | |- | GMA Awards | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, Haɗin gwiwar Afirka | Deyemi Okanlawon ( ''Idan Gobe Ba Ta Taba Zuwa'' ) |{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | rowspan="2" | GMA Awards | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, Haɗin gwiwar Afirka | Deyemi Okanlawon ( ''No Man's Land'' ) |{{Won}} | |- | Mafi kyawun Jarumi a cikin jerin Wasan kwaikwayo | Deyemi Okanlawon ( ''Birnin Afirka'' ) |{{Nom}} | |- | 2019 | Mafi kyawun Kyautar Nollywood | Mafi kyawun Jarumin Taimakawa – Turanci | Deyemi Okanlawon ''(Lawi)''|{{Nom}} | |- |} == Manazarta ==   [[Category:Jarumai maza na Najeiya]] [[Category:Jarumai maza yarbawa]] g5wel61ex1ufa0t1h4wr593y91soxkw 0 28009 549518 510154 2024-12-01T16:20:09Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Medieval Mud-Skyscrapers of Shibam, Hadramawt Valley (2286363119).jpg|thumb|shibam ]] [[Fayil:Shibam.jpg|thumb|Shibam Hadramawt]] '''Shibam Hadramawt''' (Larabci: شِبَام حَضْرَمَوْت, romanized: ''Shibām Ḥaḍramawt'')<ref name="Al-Bayan 2012">{{cite news|work=[[Al Bayan (newspaper)|Al-Bayan]]|script-title=ar:مدينة شبام حضرموت "شيكاغو الصحراء"|language=ar|url=https://www.albayan.ae/editors-choice/asfar/2012-07-30-1.1698590|date=30 July 2012|access-date=22 March 2018}}</ref><ref name="Mawdoo3 2017">{{cite news|work=Mawdoo3.com|script-title=ar:بلدة شبام حضرموت|language=ar|url=http://mawdoo3.com/بلدة_شبام_حضرموت|date=6 April 2017|access-date=22 March 2018}}</ref> birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Yemen. Tana kuma da mazauna kusan 7,000, ita ce wurin zama na Gundumar Shibam<ref name="Statoids2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.statoids.com/yye.html|title=Districts of Yemen|publisher=Statoids|access-date=21 October 2010}}</ref> a cikin Hakimin Hadramaut. An santa da gine-gine masu tsayi da aka yi da tubalin laka, ana kiranta da "Chicago of the Desert" (شِيْكَاغو ٱلصَّحْرَاء),<ref name="Al-Bayan 2012" /> ko kuma "Manhattan na Hamada" (مَانْهَاتَن ٱلصَّحْرَاء).<ref name="W2013Shibam">{{cite news|publisher=[[Weather.com]]|title=The Ancient City of Shibam: The Manhattan of the Desert|url=https://weather.com/news/news/shibam-hadhramaut-manhattan-desert-yemen-20131028|date=9 November 2013|access-date=22 March 2018}}</ref> == Tarihi == Rubutun farko da aka sani game da birnin ya kasance tun daga karni na 3 AD.<ref name="Shibam Online">{{cite web|title=Wadi Hadramowt and walled city of Shabam|url=http://www.shibamonline.net/eng/wadi13.php|access-date=3 January 2010|website=ShibamOnline.net|archive-date=3 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703021649/http://www.shibamonline.net/eng/wadi13.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Shi ne babban birnin Masarautar Hadramawt. A ƙarni na 20, ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan garuruwa uku na masarautar Qu'aiti, sauran su ne Al-Mukalla da Ash-Shihr.<ref name="Laughlin2008">{{cite book|last=McLaughlin|first=Daniel|title=Yemen|publisher=[[Bradt Travel Guides]]|chapter=10: Southeast Yemen|pages=191–198|isbn=978-1-8416-2212-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eQvhZaEVzjcC&q=shihr|year=2008}}</ref> An kuma jera birnin tare da jerin abubuwan tarihi na UNESCO,<ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/192 Old Walled City of Shibam], [[UNESCO]], [[World Heritage List]]</ref> a cikin 1982.<ref name="theconversation.com">[http://theconversation.com/bricks-and-mortar-fire-yemens-cultural-heritage-is-in-the-crosshairs-48484 Bricks and mortar fire: Yemen’s cultural heritage is in the crosshairs].17 December 2015.</ref> A cikin shekarar 2008, guguwa mai zafi ta mamaye Shibam.<ref>Gulnaz Khan, [https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/destinations/asia/yemen/shibam-mud-skyscraper-yemen/ This Ancient Mud Skyscraper City is the 'Manhattan of the Desert']. [[National Geographic]].</ref> A lokacin yakin basasar kasar Yemen, birnin ya samu 'yar barna<ref>[https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/indepth/2018/3/26/yemen-suffers-cultural-vandalism-during-its-war Yemen suffers cultural vandalism during its war].</ref><ref>[https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/destinations/asia/yemen/shibam-mud-skyscraper-yemen/ This Ancient Mud Skyscraper City is the 'Manhattan of the Desert']. [[National Geographic]].</ref> bayan da 'yan tawaye suka tayar da wata mota makare da bama-bamai.<ref>Maggie Michael, [https://phys.org/news/2018-11-ancient-yemeni-archaeological-sites.html Report details damage to ancient Yemeni archaeological sites 15 November 2018.]</ref> An kuma kai harin bam a yankin. A cikin 2015, UNESCO ta lissafa birnin a matsayin "al'adun gargajiyar da ke cikin haɗari".<ref name="theconversation.com" /> == Labarin ƙasa == Garin yana tsakiyar yammacin yankin Hadhramaut Governorate, a cikin hamadar Ramlat al-Sab'atayn. Babban hanyarta ta haɗa birnin Sana'a da sauran garuruwan yammacin Yemen da yankunan gabashi mai nisa. Garuruwan mafi kusa sune Seiyun, wurin zama na filin jirgin sama, da Tarim, duka a gabas. Wata hanyar, wacce ta taso daga kauyen Alajlanya, a yamma, ta hade Shibam zuwa Mukalla, babban birnin jihar dake gabacin tekun kasar [[India|Indiya.]] === Yanayi === Shibam yana da yanayin hamada mai zafi (Köppen: BWh). A matsakaicin zafin jiki na 28.0 Celsius (digiri 82.4 Fahrenheit), Yuni shine watan mafi zafi na shekara. Janairu shine watan mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi 18.6 °C (65.5 °F). {{Weather box||precipitation colour=green|Feb low C=14.6|Mar low C=16.9|Apr low C=19.2|May low C=21.7|Jun low C=22.7|Jul low C=22.6|Aug low C=22.1|Sep low C=21.3|Oct low C=17.6|Nov low C=14.9|Dec low C=14.3|Jan precipitation mm=8|year mean C=|Feb precipitation mm=5|Mar precipitation mm=17|Apr precipitation mm=10|May precipitation mm=3|Jun precipitation mm=0|Jul precipitation mm=3|Aug precipitation mm=4|Sep precipitation mm=1|Oct precipitation mm=0|Nov precipitation mm=5|Dec precipitation mm=8|Jan low C=13.3|Dec mean C=19.8|width=auto|Sep high C=30.8|location=Shibam|metric first=Yes|single line=Yes|Jan high C=24.0|Feb high C=25.3|Mar high C=27.4|Apr high C=29.5|May high C=31.8|Jun high C=33.4|Jul high C=32.5|Aug high C=31.8|Oct high C=29.0|Nov mean C=20.8|Nov high C=26.7|Dec high C=25.3|Jan mean C=18.6|Feb mean C=19.9|Mar mean C=22.1|Apr mean C=24.3|May mean C=26.7|Jun mean C=28.0|Jul mean C=27.5|Aug mean C=26.9|Sep mean C=26.0|Oct mean C=23.3|source 1=Climate-Data.org<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/yemen/hadhramaut/shibam-30013/ |title=Climate: Shibam |access-date=22 May 2020}}</ref>}} == Gine-gine == === Bayanin === Shibam, wanda kuma a yanzu ya zama wurin Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO, an san shi da keɓaɓɓen gine-ginensa. Gidajen Shibam duk an yi su ne da tubalin laka, kuma kusan 500 daga cikinsu ginshiƙi ne, masu tsayin benaye 5 zuwa 11,<ref>{{cite journal|title=Land without shade|first=Hans|last=Helfritz|journal=Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society|volume=24|issue=2|date=April 1937|pages=201–16|doi=10.1080/03068373708730789}}</ref> kowanne bene yana da ɗaki ɗaya ko biyu.<ref name="Jerome">{{cite journal|title=The Architecture of Mud: Construction and Repair Technology in the Hadhramaut Region of Yemen|last1=Jerome|first1=Pamela|last2=Chiari|first2=Giacomo|last3=Borelli|first3=Caterina|journal=[[APT Bulletin]]|volume=30|issue=2–3|year=1999|pages=39–48 [44]|doi=10.2307/1504639|jstor=1504639}}</ref> Anyi amfani da wannan salon gine-gine don kare mazauna daga hare-haren Bedouin.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=71HzDwAAQBAJ&dq=architectural+style+protect+bedouin+%22shibam%22&pg=PT81|title=Routledge Handbook of Tourism Cities|first1=Alastair M.|last1=Morrison|first2=J. Andres|last2=Coca-Stefaniak|date=27 August 2020|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9780429534805|via=Google Books}}</ref> Yayin da Shibam ya kasance yana wanzuwa na kimanin shekaru 1,700, yawancin gidajen garin sun samo asali ne daga karni na 16. Da yawa, ko da yake, an sake gina su sau da yawa a cikin ’yan ƙarnuka da suka shige. Shibam galibi ana kiransa "birni mafi tsufa a duniya".<ref name="Shibam Online" /> Yana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffi kuma mafi kyawun misalan tsara birane bisa ka'idar gini a tsaye.<ref name="UNESCO">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/192 Old Walled City of Shibam], UNESCO World Heritage Centre</ref> Birnin yana da wasu manyan gine-ginen laka mafi tsayi a duniya, tare da wasu daga cikinsu sama da 30 m (ƙafa 98) tsayi,<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Hadhramaut|first=J. G. T.|last=Shipman|journal=[[Asian Affairs]]|volume=15|issue=2|date=June 1984|pages=154–162|doi=10.1080/03068378408730145}}</ref> don haka kasancewar manyan gine-gine na farko. Domin kare gine-gine daga ruwan sama da zazzagewa, dole ne a kiyaye ganuwar akai-akai ta hanyar amfani da sabbin laka. An kewaye birnin da katangar katanga,<ref name="UNESCO" /> wanda aka ba shi suna "Birnin Shibam mai katanga". === Barazana === Gine-ginen bulo na laka ana kuma yawan fuskantar barazanar iska, ruwan sama, da zazzagewar zafi, kuma suna buƙatar kulawa akai-akai domin kiyaye tsarinsu. Ambaliyar ruwa da aka yi a birnin ta yi katutu a shekarar 2008, sakamakon guguwa mai zafi da aka yi a birnin.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://cbs13.com/national/Death.Toll.Mounts.2.848789.html|title=Death Toll Mounts In Tropical Storm|date=26 October 2008|website=CBS13.com|access-date=26 October 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090322174111/http://cbs13.com/national/Death.Toll.Mounts.2.848789.html|archive-date=22 March 2009}}</ref> Ruwan ya lalata harsashin ginin gine-gine da dama a birnin, wanda a karshe ya kai ga rugujewa.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=ITN Source|title=Historic Town of Shibam Hadramout Escapes Flooding Largely Unscathed|url=http://www.itnsource.com/shotlist//RTV/2008/11/03/RTV3319008/?s=floods|date=3 November 2008}}</ref> Har ila yau, ita ce harin da Al Qaeda ta kai a shekarar 2009.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[CNN]]|title=Al Qaeda blamed for Yemen attack|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/03/16/yemen.bombing.alqaeda/index.html|date=16 March 2009|access-date=26 April 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=[[Yemen Post]]|title=Al-Qaeda in Yemen:Political, Social and Security Dimensions|url=http://yemenpost.net/Detail123456789.aspx?ID=3&SubID=542&MainCat=5|date=12 April 2009|access-date=26 April 2009}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, an saka Shibam cikin jerin wuraren tarihi na duniya da ke cikin haɗari lokacin da wani mummunan yakin basasa ya barke a Yemen. Gine-ginen tarihi sun lalace sosai yayin tashin bama-bamai a birnin Sana'a, kuma har yanzu suna cikin kasadar tashe-tashen hankula.<ref name="UNESCO WHC 2015">{{cite web|work=[[UNESCO World Heritage Centre]]|title=List of World Heritage in Danger: The 54 properties which the World Heritage Committee has decided to include on the List of World Heritage in danger in accordance with Article 11 (4) of the Convention|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/danger/|year=2015|access-date=30 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="UNESCO WHC 2015 B">{{cite web|last=Bokova|first=Irina|title=UNESCO Director-General calls on all parties to protect Yemen's cultural heritage|publisher=[[UNESCO World Heritage Centre]]|quote=In addition to causing terrible human suffering, these attacks are destroying Yemen’s unique cultural heritage, which is the repository of people’s identity, history and memory and an exceptional testimony to the achievements of the Islamic Civilization.|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/1278/|date=12 May 2015|access-date=30 April 2017}}</ref> === Hotuna === <gallery mode="packed" heights="200"> File:Shibam door.JPG|Ƙofar birni File:Shibam2.JPG|Duban wasu "skyscrapers" File:Shibam Yemen Interior.jpg|Gine-gine biyu akan titi a cikin garin File:15 Šibam (10).jpg|Duban titi File:15 Šibam (14).jpg|Tsarin gine-gine File:Old Walled City of Shibam-109044.jpg|Gine-ginen Shibam tare da baranda File:Old Walled City of Shibam-109041.jpg|Duban Tsohon Gano na Shibam File:Jemen Shibam-SJ 004 wp.jpg|Duban Shibam </gallery> == Manazarta == ffspus5uqfspdbddcqu59xg0uv1lmbk 3 28200 549682 538270 2024-12-01T19:29:13Z MediaWiki message delivery 3927 /* Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2024 Newsletter */ sabon sashe 549682 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Hussaini Mohammed Inusa! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Hussaini Mohammed Inusa|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 00:01, 24 Disamba 2021 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2022 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentysecond newsletter, covering December 2022. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * January 15: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|Online user group meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 15) * [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 & 13) '''News''' * [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2022/11/28/museology-myosotis-and-metadata-oh-my-sharing-sustainably-in-wikipedia/ Museology, Myosotis, and metadata oh my! Sharing sustainably in Wikipedia] (SDG 15) '''Resources''' * New Book: [https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-05182-1 Open Mapping Towards Sustainable Development Goals] (SDG all) '''Videos''' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t66i3ztg-1E&t=1717s Margaret Donald - Wikidata, OpenRefine & Biota] (SDG 15) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_alismatid_families|List of alismatid families]] (SDG 15) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11231|has biological vector]] (SDG 15) * [[d:Property:P11272|Bureau of Meteorology location ID]] (SDG 13) * [[d:Property:P11277|CIViC gene ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11281|Biographical Dictionary of the Australian Senate ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11282|Tanzania Parliament member ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11311|Lygaeoidea Species File ID]] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 14:37, 1 ga Janairu, 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24307628 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentythird newsletter, covering January 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|19 February - User group meeting]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230115|15 January - User group meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 14) * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Dunedin_5|The 2023 Bug of the Year Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://dicare.toolforge.org/lexemes/challenge.php?id=74 Lexeme challenge Urology] (SDG 3) * Past: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Veckans_tävling/Grodor_versus_ödlor|Swedish Wikipedia weekly challenge - Frogs versus lizards]] (SDG 14) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December_2022/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Three_hundred_episodes_of_Critter_of_the_Week|Three hundred episodes of Critter of the Week]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://zenodo.org/record/7521891#.Y9p6MdLMKw4 Wikidata Queries around the SARS-CoV-2 virus and pandemic] (SDG 3) * Past: [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 & 13) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/05/the-stories-behind-the-wiki-loves-earth-2022-photos-from-turkiye/ The stories behind the Wiki Loves Earth 2022 photos from Türkiye] (SDG 14) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/05/announcing-our-funding-support-from-the-patient-centered-outcomes-research-institute-pcori/ Announcing our funding support from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)] (SDG 3) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/04/jumping-for-science-how-wikipedia-assignments-inspire-stem-students/ Jumping for science: how Wikipedia assignments inspire STEM students] (SDG 14) * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Birds_of_NYC_Photo_Contest/Winners|Birds of NYC Photo Contest Winners announced!]] (SDG 14) * [https://anchor.fm/civichackerpodcast/episodes/Using-Wikidata-to-Connect-Constituents-With-Their-Government-e1or922 Using Wikidata to Connect Constituents With Their Government] (SDG 16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/23/wiki-loves-earth-2022-presents-the-winners-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment/ Wiki Loves Earth 2022 presents the winners of the special nomination “Human rights and environment”!] (SDG 10 & 14) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/19/equity-diversity-inclusion-in-affiliate-governance/ Equity, diversity & inclusion in affiliate governance] (SDG 5 & 10) '''Resources''' * [https://www.databricks.com/blog/2023/01/26/building-life-sciences-knowledge-graph-data-lake.htmlBuilding a Life Sciences Knowledge Graph with a Data Lake] (SDG 3) '''Videos''' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HW6YxXRL18 Editor uses Wikidata to find new uses for existing drugs and speed up approval process for new treatments] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:WikiForHumanRights_Information_Session_2023.webm|WikiForHumanRights Information Session]] (SDG 10) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_birds_of_Tuvalu|List of birds of Tuvalu]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Laos|List of World Heritage Sites in Laos]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bangladesh|List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh]] (SDG 11) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11429|NIP]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11402|NSR doctor ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:/Property:P11430|UniProt disease ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11446|Strazha ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11500|United States House of Representatives ID]] (SDG 16) </div> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 16:25, 1 ga Faburairu, 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24426147 --> == Request for filling up Google Form for Feminism and Folklore 2023 == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg | logo.svg|right|frameless|300px]] Greetings Organisers, We appreciate your enthusiasm for '''Feminism and Folklore''' and your initiative in setting up the competition on your local wikipedia. We would want to learn more about the needs of your community and for that please fill out the google form ([https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScusayFXTzNWV-QgIiT3bRHQbAs_pVczvput2jehOcahnCdMg/viewform here]) as soon as possible so that we can plan and adapt the demands according to your specifications. By February 8, 2023, all entries for this form will be closed. Do share about the contest on your local Wikipedia. Ask your local administrator to add Feminism and Folklore to [[Mediawiki:Sitenotice]]. Create your own or see an example [[:m:User:Tiven2240/sn-fnf|on meta]] Also a reminder regarding the prior Google form sent for Internet and Childcare Support Financial Aid ([https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSea81OO0lVgUBd551iIiENXht7BRCISYZlKyBQlemZu_j2OHQ/viewform this]). Anyone who hasn't already filled it out has until February 5, 2023 to do so. Feel free to contact us via talkpage if you have any questions or concerns. Thanks and Regards, Feminism and Folklore 2023 International Team --[[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]] ([[User talk:Tiven2240|talk]]) 17:22, 5 ga Faburairu, 2023 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfourth newsletter, covering February 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|2023-03-05 User group meeting]] (SDG all) * [[m:2023-03-19 User group meeting|Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions|Suggest "Environmental sustainability and climate crisis" topics for Wikimania]] (SDG all) * Ongoing: [[m:Africa_Environment|Africa Environment WikiFocus]] (SDG 13) * Past: [https://www.eventbrite.com/x/edit-for-climate-change-wikipedia-editathon-registration-526291811977 Edit for Climate Change: Wikipedia Editathon] (SDG 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|Capacity Building Sessions on "Tools for Finding the Right Articles" and "Building Article List with Petscan"]] (SDG 10 & 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Resources|Regional Office Hours for Africa and Maghreb Regions]] (SDG 10 & 13) '''News''' * [https://observablehq.com/@thadk/garden NCBI breakdown of common garden foods with photographs by Phytotheca] (SDG 2) '''Resources''' * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Sweden_report|3000 Arctic images]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Content_Partnerships_Hub_report|SMART-Servier Medical Art upload]] (SDG 3) '''Research''' * [https://fosdem.org/2023/schedule/event/sustainability/ Open Source in Environmental Sustainability] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11576|Norwegian war prisoner detention camp ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11587|Iowa legislator ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11610|National Grid Balancing Mechanism unit ID]] (SDG 7) '''Wikidata query examples''' * [https://w.wiki/5Vu8 Map of disasters by type] (SDG 11) '''Featured articles''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:South_Asian_river_dolphin|South Asian river dolphin]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Sri_Lanka|List of World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_lamiid_families|List of lamiid families]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> File:%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96.jpg|Three horses (SDG 15) File:Hunter_baby_chameleon.jpg|Hunter baby chameleon (SDG 15) File:Rice_paper_butterfly_%2816709%29.jpg|Rice paper butterfly (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28top_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (top view) (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28side_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (side view).jpg (SDG 15) File:Mockingbird_on_the_North_Lake_Trail_%2836851%29.jpg|Mockingbird on the North Lake Trail (SDG 15) File:Striated_Pardalote_0012.jpg|Striated Pardalote (SDG 15) File:Kleines_Wiesenv%C3%B6gelchen_am_Morgen.jpg|Wiesenvögelchen (SDG 15) File:Immature_herring_gull_%2816259%29.jpg|Herring gull (SDG 15) File:Northern_shoveler_male_in_Marine_Park_%2833296%29.jpg|Northern shoveler (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 ga Maris, 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24647320 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfifth newsletter, covering March 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230305|User group meeting 2023-03-05]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/30/join-the-wikiforhumanrights-campaign-and-contribute-knowledge-that-connects-human-rights-with-solutions-for-a-sustainable-future/ WikiForHumanRights] (SDG 10 & 13) * Upcoming: April 19 - [[m:Translat-a-thon/NYC/2023|LaGuardia Community College Earth Day Translatathon with Casa de las Américas NYC]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 22 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_2023_Bushwick|Earth Day 2023 Edit-a-thon Environment of Brooklyn Focus with Sure We Can]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 23 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_Wiknic|Earth Day Wiknic NYC]] (SDG 13) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/WMF_GLAM_report|Gender and culture related event to test image suggestions on Wikipedia]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Feminism_and_Folklore_2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Edit_a_thon/artfeminism-edit-a-thon-for-nigerian-female-artists-2023|Art+Feminism edit-a-thon for Nigerian female artists]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/08/putting-our-energy-into-wikipedia-as-climate-action/ Putting our energy into Wikipedia as climate action] (SDG 13) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/07/how-artfeminism-is-using-wikipedia-to-promote-equity-in-the-art-world/ How Art+Feminism is using Wikipedia to promote equity in the art world] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/New_Zealand_report|Biodiversity Heritage Library and Wikidata]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/USA_report|Black history month and more]] (SDG 10) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/14/women-do-news-tackling-the-gender-divide-in-journalism-through-wikipedia/ Women Do News: Tackling the Gender Divide in Journalism Through Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/17/wiki-loves-earth-2023-is-starting/ Wiki Loves Earth 2023 is starting!] (SDG 15) * [https://medium.com/@openheritagefoundation/the-quest-to-close-the-gender-gap-on-wikipedia-continues-five-year-anniversary-with-feminism-ebd7a3b3185e The Quest to Close the Gender Gap on Wikipedia Continues; Five-Year Anniversary with Feminism & Folklore] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/28/wikigap-malaysia-2023-empowering-women-in-indigenous-languages/ WikiGap Malaysia 2023: Empowering women in indigenous languages] (SDG 5) * [https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/climate-crisis/wikipedia-has-a-climatetech-problem Wikipedia has a climatetech problem] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11623|NCI Drug Dictionary ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11649|Malaysia Federal Legislation act ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11650|Moscow University Herbarium ID]] (SDG 15) * [[d:Property:P11666|Norwegian Petroleum Directorate field ID]] (SDG 13) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_Saxifragales_families|List of Saxifragales families]] (SDG 15) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:Red-throated_wryneck|Red-throated wryneck]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Ourapteryx_yerburii_ssp._specimens_and_male_genitalia.jpg|Ourapteryx yerburii ssp. specimens and male genitalia (SDG 15) Pterophorus_pentadactyla_-_Keila.jpg|Pterophorus pentadactyla (SDG 15) Wood_duck_drake_%2886815%29.jpg|Wood duck drake (SDG 15) Cardinal_%2886755%29.jpg|Cardinal (SDG 15) Bunten_Kronwicke_%28Securigera_varia%29_Bl%C3%BCte-20200626-RM-173640.jpg|Bunten Kronwicke (Securigera varia) (SDG 15) Neubrunn_Steinbruch_Blutrote_Heidelibelle_%28Sympetrum_sanguineum%29_8262082.jpg|Sympetrum sanguineum (SDG 15) Boerenkrokus_%28Crocus_tommasinianus%29_28-02-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Crocus tommasinianus (SDG 15) Papaya_-_longitudinal_section_close-up_view.jpg|Papaya - longitudinal section close-up view (SDG 15) Aphantopus_hyperantus_-_Keila.jpg|Aphantopus hyperantus (SDG 15) Australian_Zebra_Finch_0A2A3013.jpg|Australian Zebra Finch (SDG 15) Melospiza_melodia_JRVdH_03.jpg|Melospiza melodia (SDG 15) Roadside_hawk_%28Rupornis_magnirostris_griseocauda%29_eating_speckled_racer_%28Drymobius_margaritiferus%29_Orange_Walk.jpg|Roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris griseocauda) eating speckled racer (Drymobius margaritiferus) (SDG 15) Black_iguana_%28Ctenosaura_similis%29_Cayo.jpg|Black iguana (Ctenosaura similis) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28side_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (side view) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28dorsal_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (dorsal view) (SDG 15) Fr%C3%BChlings-Knotenblume_%28Leucojum_vernum%29-20230220-RM-161056.jpg|Frühlings-Knotenblume (Leucojum vernum) (SDG 15) Ocellated_turkey_%28Meleagris_ocellata%29_male_Peten.jpg|Ocellated turkey (Meleagris ocellata) male (SDG 15) Geoffroy%27s_spider_monkey_%28Ateles_geoffroyi_yucatanensis%29_Peten_2.jpg|Geoffroy's spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi yucatanensis) (SDG 15) Bessen_van_een_Ophiopogon_planiscapus_%27Niger%27._28-02-2023._%28d.j.b%29.jpg|Ophiopogon planiscapus (SDG 15) Protaetic_cuprea_ignicollis_2023-03-22_IZE-066.jpg|Protaetic cuprea ignicollis (SDG 15) Monarch_butterflies_%28Danaus_plexippus_plexippus%29_Piedra_Herrada_2.jpg|Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus plexippus) (SDG 15) Cepaea_nemoralis_Paarung-20230314-RM-110511.jpg|Cepaea nemoralis (SDG 15) Wiesen_Pippau_%28Crepis_biennis%29-20220624-RM-123950.jpg|Crepis biennis (SDG 15) Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) Cayo.jpg|Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) (SDG 15) Trifolium_spadiceum_-_Niitv%C3%A4lja.jpg|Trifolium spadiceum (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 07:42, 1 ga Afirilu, 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24816279 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-sixth newsletter, covering April 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting 2023-05-07]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20230402|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_the_Challenge|WikiForHumanRights 2023 International Writing Contest]] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_Community_Events|WikiForHumanRights 2023 local community events]] (SDG 13, 15, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:Wiki_Climate_Campus_Tour_Nigeria|WikiCampusTourNigeria Project]] (SDG 6, 13, 14, 15) * Upcoming (and past): [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Kvinnor,_arkitektur_och_design|Women, architecture and design]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Albania_report|WikiGap Tirana 2023, Albania]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|BBC 100 women editathon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Kosovo_report|WikiGAP in Prishtina]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Switzerland_report|15 Days of French women writers]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/DC/TSU_USF_Women%27s_History_Month_Wikipedia_Edit-a-thon|TSU USF Women's History Month Wikipedia Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_Smithsonian_AWHI/Meetup/Crafting_a_Better_Wikipedia:_Women_of_Color_in_the_Renwick_Gallery|Crafting a Better Wikipedia: Women of Color in the Renwick Gallery]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/07/tuswug-s2e2-women-in-wiki/ TUSWUG S2E2: Women in Wiki] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/13/inaugural-edition-of-the-organizer-lab-awards-6-community-grants/ Inaugural edition of the organizer lab awards – 6 community grants] (SDG 5 & SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/29/bolstering-womens-voices-and-histories-on-wikipedia/ Bolstering women’s voices and histories on Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|A huge upload for biologists]] (SDG 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycPPBhuQPhs&ab_channel=WikimediaFoundation WikiForHumanRights 2023 Launch Webinar] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|WikiForHumanRights 2023 and WMF Human Rights Team Online Safety Capacity Building for Organizers]] (SDG 13) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLBSSlrI2vo WikiForHummanRights 2023 and Let's Connect Capacity building on good practices for retention] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/living-through-a-triple-planetary-emergency-capturing-the-most-impactful-knowledge-to-weather-the-storm/ Living through a Triple Planetary Emergency: Capturing the Most Impactful Knowledge to Weather the Storm] (SDG 10 & SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/wikimedia-foundation-environmental-sustainability-report-for-2022/ Wikimedia Foundation Environmental Sustainability Report for 2022] (SDG 13) * [[:File:Wikimedia_h%C3%A5llbarhetsrapport_2022.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige sustainability report 2022]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) '''Research''' * [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12964 Hypotheses in urban ecology: building a common knowledge base] (SDG 15) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11698|student retention rate]] (SDG 4) * [[d:Property:P11704|INEP ID]] (SDG 4) [51] * [[d:Property:P11729|Kulturenvanteri.com ID]] (SDG 11) * [[d:Property:P11747|holds diplomatic passport of]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11741|SINTA affiliation ID]] (SDG 4) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_afrosoricids|List of afrosoricids]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Leptura_quadrifasciata_female_-_Keila.jpg|Leptura quadrifasciata (SDG 15) Bursa_lamarckii_01.jpg|Bursa lamarckii (SDG 15) Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_head_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Western_Bowerbird_0A2A0436.jpg|Chlamydera guttata (SDG 15) White-breasted_nuthatch_%2826471%29.jpg|Sitta carolinensis (SDG 15) Patzmannsdorf_-_K%C3%BCrbisfeld_mit_Pfarrkirche_und_Raiffeisen-Silo_in_Stronsdorf.jpg|Pumpkin field (SDG 2) Cinnamon-bellied_flowerpiercer_%28Diglossa_baritula%29_male_on_Indian_shot_%28Canna_indica%29_Finca_El_Pilar.jpg|Diglossa baritula & Canna indica (SDG 15) Knoppen_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer_platanoides%29._03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer platanoides (SDG 15) Cinnamon_hummingbird_%28Amazilia_rutila%29_in_flight_Los_Tarrales.jpg|Amazilia rutila (SDG 15) Passion_fruits_-_whole_and_halved.jpg|Passiflora edulis (SDG 15) Golden-fronted_%28Velasquez%27s%29_woodpecker_%28Melanerpes_aurifrons%29_male_Copan.jpg|Melanerpes aurifrons (SDG 15) Argiope_spider_female_adult_on_her_web_dorsal_view_black_background_Don_Det_Laos.jpg|Argiope versicolor (SDG 15) Daslook._Allium_ursinum%2C_zwellende_bloemknop._18-04-2022_%28actm.%29_04.jpg|Allium ursinum (SDG 15) Fallen_leaf_of_Platanus_x_hispanica_%281%29.jpg|Platanus x hispanica (SDG 15) Thymelicus_lineola_underside_-_Keila.jpg|Thymelicus lineola (SDG 15) Japanse_esdoorn_%28Acer_palmatum%29_03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer palmatum (SDG 15) [38] Common_kestrel_%28Falco_tinnunculus%29_female_%28IMGP1648r2-DNA%29.jpg|Falco tinnunculus (SDG 15) [39] California_sea_lion_nap_time_in_La_Jolla_%2870474%29.jpg|Zalophus californianus (SDG 15) [40] Bladknop_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer%29._13-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29_01.jpg|Acer pseudoplatanus (SDG 15) Tamarind_fruits_%28Tamarindus_indica_%27Si_Thong%27%29.jpg|Tamarindus indica (SDG 15) White_leucistic_squirrel_with_a_peanut_%2885668%29.jpg|Sciurus carolinensis (SDG 15) [43] Fork-tailed_flycatcher_%28Tyrannus_savana_monachus%29_in_flight_Cayo.jpg|Tyrannus savana monachus (SDG 15) Rapa_incurva_01.jpg|Rapa incurva (SDG 15) Arboreal_stingless_bee_nest_%28Trigona_sp.%29_Flores.jpg|Trigona sp. (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:31, 2 Mayu 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24969562 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - Local prize winners == [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Congratulations on your remarkable achievement of winning a local prize in the '''Feminism and Folklore 2023''' writing competition! We greatly appreciate your valuable contribution and the effort you put into documenting your local Folk culture and Women on Wikipedia. To ensure you receive your prize, please take a moment to complete the preferences form before the 1st of July 2023. You can access the form [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdWlxDwI6UgtPXPfjQTbVjgnAYUMSYqShA5kEe4P4N5zwxaEw/viewform?usp=sf_link by clicking here]. We kindly request you to submit the form before the deadline to avoid any potential disappointments. If you have any questions or require further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us via talkpage or Email. We are more than happy to help. Best wishes, [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|FNF 2023 International Team]] ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 10:47, 10 ga Yuni, 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2023&oldid=25134473 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - A Heartfelt Appreciation for Your Impactful Contribution! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|center|500px]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikimedian, We extend our sincerest gratitude to you for making an extraordinary impact in the '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition. Your remarkable dedication and efforts have been instrumental in bridging cultural and gender gaps on Wikipedia. We are truly grateful for the time and energy you've invested in this endeavor. As a token of our deep appreciation, we'd love to send you a special postcard. It serves as a small gesture to convey our immense thanks for your involvement in the competition. To ensure you receive this token of appreciation, kindly fill out [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeXZaej264LOTM0WQBq9QiGGAC1SWg_pbPByD7gp3sC4j7VKQ/viewform this form] by August 15th, 2023. Looking ahead, we are thrilled to announce that we'll be hosting Feminism and Folklore in 2024. We eagerly await your presence in the upcoming year as we continue our journey to empower and foster inclusivity. Once again, thank you for being an essential part of our mission to promote feminism and preserve folklore on Wikipedia. With warm regards, '''Feminism and Folklore International Team'''. --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:37, 25 ga Yuli, 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf2023p&oldid=25345565 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-seventh newsletter, a sort of year-in-review for 2023.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> Dear Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, As we bid farewell to 2023, we reflect on a year that has been an uneven year for our user group. While the journey has been marked by some truly inspiring events, most of our efforts have been largely uncoordinated and the user group hasn't been the support it could have been. Yet, there's a glimmer of hope and a world of potential for 2024. '''Highlights of 2023:''' ;Newsletters Galore: We kicked off the year with zeal, sharing updates and inspiration through four newsletters. The number of things happening in the movement is astounding, but we need to rethink the format of the newsletter going into the next year. ;Growing Strong: The Wikimedians for Sustainable Development family welcomed 33 new members in 2023. Your passion and dedication continue to inspire us, and we look forward to nurturing this community spirit in the year ahead. ;Wikimania Talks: Our voices echoed far and wide at Wikimania, where several members of our community took the virtual stage to share insights and ideas about everything from Wikipedians-in-Residence's to open data. Your contributions showcased our commitment to sustainable development on a global scale. ;Content Creation Magic: Throughout the year, our extended community demonstrated incredible dedication to expanding the knowledge base on Wikipedia. Countless hours were spent creating and curating content that aligns with our mission, contributing to a more sustainable digital ecosystem. ;Campaigning hard: We saw a large variety of campaigns, from writing challenges to editathons. The willingness to experiment with new formats and partners, as well as learning from past efforts, shows great promise for the future. '''Acknowledging Challenges:''' While we celebrate these achievements, we acknowledge that 2023 presented its fair share of challenges. A lack of global coordination reminded us that the road to sustainable development is not always linear. However, it is precisely these challenges that fuel our determination to work together more cohesively in the coming year and proof that the user group is needed. '''Hopeful Anticipation for 2024:''' As we turn the page to 2024, let's carry forward the lessons learned and the successes celebrated. We are optimistic that, with renewed energy and a collective commitment, we will overcome obstacles and create an even more impactful and connected Wikimedians for Sustainable Development community. Here's to a year of collaboration, growth, and making a lasting impact on the world through our shared passion for sustainability. Together, we can turn challenges into opportunities and pave the way for a brighter future. Wishing you all a joyous holiday season and a Happy New Year! Warm regards, [[m:User:Ainali|User:Ainali]], [[m:User:Daniel Mietchen|User:Daniel Mietchen]] PS. We have started writing [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|our yearly report]], please add your activities to it. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 17:23, 1 ga Janairu, 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=25817439 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-eighth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * We have submitted our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|2023 annual report]]. * Upcoming meeting: on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|9 February]], we'll have a call about roles and responsibilities in the user group. This is an attempt to make more opportunities to engage more of the user groups members in its activities. If you want to help out in some way, but don't know how, this is a meeting for you to get help creating that opportunity. If you know how you would like to help, but don't know how to get started, this is also the meeting for you. ; Other news * New Wikiproject for Climate Change on Basque Wikipedia: [[:eu:Wikiproiektu:Klima aldaketa|Wikiproiektu Klima Aldaketa]] * Climate Justice, Digital Rights and Indigenous Voices international Wikimedia event in Huaraz, Peru 2024: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeDIuZQ61v35y3Q293ZV9YjNWOHsgwvq3t2XjP2cQ0OHG-EPA/viewform Engagement Survey] (closes 2 Feb) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:22, 2 ga Faburairu, 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26169519 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-ninth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * On 9 February, we had a user group meeting on roles and responsibilities ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240209|minutes]]) * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 17 March]] ; Other news * Wiki Loves Earth: Reminder that if you want to [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2024/Organise|organize a local competition]], it is time to get started. (SDG 15 and 14) * Wiki for Human Rights: Reminder that if you would like to [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|organize a local event]], there is support available. (SDG 10) * Study: [https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/650852934/Meier_Wiki_Climate.pdf Using Wikipedia Pageview Data to Investigate Public Interest in Climate Change at a Global Scale] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 10:40, 9 ga Maris, 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26331508 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtieth newsletter covering March and April 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 19 May]] ; Other news * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2024-03-29/Recent_research#Other_recent_publications|Wikipedia Signpost highlighted five papers about climate change editing]]. (SDG 13) * On Wikidata, [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|a model for documenting green house gas emissions]] has been created. (SDG 13) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/EPA_Victoria_WiR_April_2024_Update An update] from the Wikipedian in Residence at the Environment Protection Authority in Victoria, Australia. * WikiAcción Perú organized a training session: "[[m:Volunteer Supporters Network/VSN Training: Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement|Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement]]" (SDG 13) * WikiForHumanRights organized a session: "[[m:Event:Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage|Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage]]" ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, starts in May. (SDG 14 & 15) * [[m:Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region|Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region]] starts in May. (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 19:17, 1 Mayu 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26428292 --> == Tunatarwa don jefa kuri'a yanzu don zaɓar membobin U4C na farko == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Kuna iya samun wannan sakon da aka fassara zuwa ƙarin harsuna akan Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ya ku 'yan Wikimedia, Kuna karɓar wannan saƙo saboda a baya kun shiga cikin tsarin UCoC. Wannan tunatarwa ce cewa lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) yana ƙare ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2024. Karanta bayanin akan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Shafin jefa ƙuri'a akan Meta-wiki]] don ƙarin koyo game da zaɓe da cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a. Kwamitin Daidaitawa da Gamayyar Tsarin Gudanarwa (U4C) ƙungiya ce ta duniya da aka keɓe don samar da daidaito da daidaiton aiwatar da UCoC. An gayyaci membobin al'umma don gabatar da aikace-aikacen su na U4C. Don ƙarin bayani da alhakin U4C, da fatan [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|sake duba Tsarin Dokan ta U4C]]. Da fatan za a raba wannan sakon tare da membobin al'ummar ku don su ma su shiga ciki. A madadin Kungiyar Ayyukan UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 23:11, 2 Mayu 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_2&oldid=26721207 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtyfirst newsletter, covering May 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]], 16 June * [[m:Talk:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development#Mini_report_from_the_Wikimedia_Summit_2024|Mini report from the Wikimedia Summit 2024]] * [https://wikipediapodden.se/jan-ainali-wikimedians-for-sustainable-development-wikimedia-summit-2024-265/ User group representative interviewed by Wikipediapodden] at Wikimedia Summit ([[:File:WP265 - Jan Ainali, Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, Wikimedia Summit 2024.mp3|commons]]) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240519|Minutes from user group meeting in May]] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/05/02/reflecting-_women-for-sustainability-africa-arts-feminism-her-voice-campaign-2023/ Reflecting _Women For Sustainability Africa Arts + Feminism #Her Voice Campaign 2023] * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Macedonia report: Climate change and GLAM]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library April monthly highlights]] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-024-00166-y WikiProject Biodiversity featured in Nature Africa] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFWS7hfetZk Wikimedia UK releases a video about their climate focus] (SDG 13) ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, continues in some countries. (SDG 14 & 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 13:18, 1 ga Yuni, 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26852366 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtysecond newsletter, covering June 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Movement Charter Vote|User group vote on the adoption of the Movement Charter]] (closes 7 July 23.59 UTC) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming user group meeting]] 21 July * User group meeting held in June - [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240616|minutes]] * The group was featured in the latest WikiAfrica Hour: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6VI20qopk #36: Does the Wikimedia movement contribute to the SDGs?] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/stories-from-the-anti-disinformation-repository-how-wikiproject-covid-19-and-other-wikimedia-initiatives-counter-health-disinformation/ Stories from the anti-disinformation repository: How WikiProject COVID-19 and other Wikimedia initiatives counter health disinformation] (SDG 3) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/Environment_Centre_NT_Wikipedian_in_Residence Environment Centre Northern Territory Wikipedian in Residence] (SDG 15) * [https://www.gp.se/debatt/med-ai-kan-vi-oka-transparensen-om-foretagens-klimatavtryck.2dd4e006-57e3-4534-a0be-70ca56a289e4 With AI can we increase transparency of companies' carbon footprints] (in Swedish). Op-ed that mentions that the greenhouse gas emissions of the top 150 companies on the Stockholm stock exchange has been uploaded to Wikidata. The model is documented on [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|WikiProject Climate Change on Wikidata]]. (SDG 13) * [[wmfblog:2024/06/25/another-year-in-review-where-is-wikimedia-in-the-climate-crisis-seeing-the-impact-of-wikimedia-projects/|Another Year in Review: Where is Wikimedia in the Climate Crisis? Seeing the impact of Wikimedia Projects]] (SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/06/24/46-scholars-self-advocates-bring-knowledge-to-wikipedias-disability-healthcare-content/ 46 scholars, self-advocates bring knowledge to Wikipedia’s disability healthcare content] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:Wikimedia klimatpåverkansrapport 2023.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige publishes their 2023 climate impact report]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) * WikiProject Govdirectory has started [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Weekly collaboration|weekly collaboration on countries]] (SDG 16) ; Events * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/wikimedia-chapters-and-groups-organise-the-first-sharks-and-rays-wikimarathon/ Wikimedia chapters and groups organise the first Sharks and Rays Wikimarathon] (29 June, but edits in the weeks after are welcome) (SDG 14) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 09:27, 1 ga Yuli, 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27039469 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty third newsletter, covering July 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 10, 13, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting held in July, [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240721|minutes]] * Next user group meeting will be 18 August ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Climate change editahon and workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/wikiforhumanrights-in-nigeria-2024-campaign-virtual-launch/ WikiForHumanRights in Nigeria 2024 Campaign Virtual Launch] (SDG 10&16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/what-we-learned-from-wiki-women-in-red-8-campaign-2023-women-for-sustainability-africa/ What we Learned from Wiki Women In Red @8 Campaign 2023 Women for Sustainability Africa] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/ghanaian-wikipedians-set-to-educate-students-on-open-climate/ Ghanaian Wikipedians set to educate students on Open Climate] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/23/using-wikipedia-as-a-tool-for-climate-action/ Using Wikipedia as a Tool for Climate Action] (SDG 13) ; Events * 5th August, [[m:Event:Wiki-Green_Conference_2024 Wiki-Green Conference]] (SDG 13) * 7-10 August, Wikimania - [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|All SDG related sessions]] * 7-9 November, [https://wikimedia.org.ar/2024/07/03/justicia-climatica-voces-indigenas-y-plataformas-wikimedia/ Justicia climática, voces indígenas y plataformas Wikimedia] (SDG 13) ; Participate * Share an example of a successful [[m:Campaigns/WikiProjects|WikiProject or topical collaboration]] in this on-wiki survey This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 ga Augusta, 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27042528 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 11, 15, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20240915|Next user group meeting]], 15 September, will be focused on starting to develop a strategy for the group. If you cannot attend, you can leave your input on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030/Ideas|the ideas page]]. * User group meeting held in August ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240818|minutes]]) ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/New Zealand report|Report from WikiProject International Botanical Congress 2024]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Switzerland report|Meeting for Writing on Femenist Strikes and Wiki for Peace Camp St. Imier]] (SDG 5 & 16) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]] (SDG 15) * Wikimania had a lot of [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|SDG related sessions]] and you can watch them back now ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2024|Wiki Loves Monuments]] starts in September (SDG 11) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 06:24, 2 Satumba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27262444 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240915|User group meeting held in September on strategy for the group]] ; Other news * [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2024/Submissions/Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region|Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region]], presentation at CEE meeting. ([https://www.youtube.com/live/iB3KNFtA4xI?t=6739 YouTube]) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/09/30/all-about-wiki-green-conference-2024/ All About Wiki-Green Conference 2024] (SDG 13) ; Events * Course: [https://wikiedu.org/courses/global-approaches-to-climate-finance-4/ Global Approaches to Climate Finance] by WikiEdu (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:26, 1 Oktoba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27437535 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming meeting]], 24 November, 17.00 UTC ; Other news * Talk at WikiIndaba: [[m:WikiIndaba 2024/Proposal/Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region|Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/17/championing-inclusion-in-the-wikimedia-movement-africa-wiki-women-presentation-at-the-wiki-niger-conference/ Championing Inclusion in the Wikimedia Movement: Africa Wiki Women Presentation at the Wiki Niger Conference] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/25/mountains-birds-and-lakes-wiki-loves-earth-2024-central-asia-edition/ Mountains, Birds and Lakes: Wiki Loves Earth 2024 – Central Asia Edition] (SDG 15) ; Events * November 6, 12 and 21: [https://universityofexeter.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJAkdeqrrzMoGdEeMYlR6q0A7QMHwwwM2VIZ#/registration Climate Change & Health in the UK - Wikipedia workshop] (SDG 3 and 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:01, 1 Nuwamba, 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27587619 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 8, 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting, 24 November ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241124|minutes]]) * We are working on our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]], please add activities that you would like to work on. ; Other news * [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 8 (November 2024)|CEE Catch up Nr. 8 with a sustainability theme]] * [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia|Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/New_Zealand_report#nz-edit|Report from New Zealand Species Edit-a-thons]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/Macedonia_report#vvc|Report from climate change editing workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2024/Contents/Croatia_report|DeGrowth in November with students, artists and academics in Croatia]] (SDG 8&12) * The new [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#November_2024:_Production_deployment_and_security_review_complete|Charts extension has been enabled on Wikimedia Commons]]. It's time to start bringing all your local sustainability related charts over there! (SDG 17) ; Events * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers|Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia|Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia]] (SDG 13) * Just started: [[m:Event:African Legislators in Red|African Legislators in Red]] (SDG 16) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:29, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27830533 --> mpu6mlz9q1ww8reuz9x316l9b5c578j 0 28211 549928 298617 2024-12-02T00:30:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549928 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Clem OhamezeCJO.jpg|thumb|Clem ohameze]]  {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Clem Ohameze''' [[Najeriya|ɗan wasan]] kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya wanda ya kwashe shekaru ashirin yana wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/clem-ohameze-battles-for-the-kingdom/ |title=Clem Ohameze battles for The Kingdom |publisher=Vanguardngr.com |date=2012-10-27 |accessdate=2013-09-21}}</ref> Clem Ohameze ya fara sana'ar wasa a 1995. Amma rawar da ya taka ya kasance a cikin 1998 lokacin da ya fito a cikin wani babban fim na kasafin kudi mai suna ''ENDTIME'' .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nigeriafilms.com/news/19411/10/clem-ohameze-makes-nollywood-comeback-with-euchari.html|title=Clem Ohameze Makes Nollywood Comeback With Eucharia Anunobi, Others In The Kingdom|publisher=nigeriafilms.com|date=2012-11-03|accessdate=2013-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053438/http://nigeriafilms.com/news/19411/10/clem-ohameze-makes-nollywood-comeback-with-euchari.html|archive-date=2013-09-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya yi fina-finai sama da 500 a cikin shekaru 20 na aikinsa wanda ya kai 1995 zuwa yau kuma ana shirin fitowa a cikin fina-finai da yawa a cikin watanni masu zuwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Photos: Meet Clems Ohameze, The Nigerian Legend Who Does Not Joke With His “Blood Money” Roles In Movies- See How He|url=https://pinaxonline.com/photos-meet-clems-ohameze-the-nigerian-legend-who-does-not-joke-with-his-blood-money-roles-in-movies-see-how-he-looks-at-54/|date=2020-04-25|website=PinaxOnline|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-26|archive-date=2020-10-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013162625/https://pinaxonline.com/photos-meet-clems-ohameze-the-nigerian-legend-who-does-not-joke-with-his-blood-money-roles-in-movies-see-how-he-looks-at-54//|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Asali == [[File:Yvonne Jegede on Irorktv.jpg|thumb|Clem Ohameze]] An haifi Clem Ohameze a ranar 27 ga watan Yuni 1965 a [[Port Harcourt|Fatakwal]], jihar [[Rivers]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]]. Ya halarci Kwalejin Iyali ta Holy Family/ Baptist High School don karatun sakandare. Ya ci gaba da karatu a Institute of Management Technology, [[Enugu (birni)|Enugu]], Nigeria inda ya samu takardar shaidar difloma ta kasa (Ordinary National Diploma a Mass Communication<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nollywoodfotoblog.blogspot.com/2008/04/pictorial-glance-at-clem-ohameze-o.html|title=Nollywood Photo Blog: Pictorial Glance at Clem Ohameze of Nollywood|last=Suleiman|first=Taiye|date=2008-04-07|website=Nollywood Photo Blog|access-date=2017-02-21}}</ref> sannan ya yi Jami'ar Fatakwal inda ya kammala karatunsa na BSc a [[Kimiyar al'umma|fannin Sociology]] da Anthropology a 1989. Ya kuma yi karatu a Jami'ar Buckingham da ke [[Landan]] a shekarar 2010 kuma ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin [[Preventive and Social Medicine]].. == Sana'ar fim == Ohameze mamba ne na kungiyar masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya. A takaice dai ya rabu da aiki tsakanin 2006 zuwa 2010 don biyan wasu bukatu ciki har da siyasa. Tun daga lokacin ya koma harkar fim bayan hutu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/throwbackthursday-watch-clem-ohameze-olu-jacobs-zack-orji-in-end-time-id5471024.html|title=#ThrowbackThursday: Watch Clem Ohameze, Olu Jacobs, Zack Orji in End Time|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2017-02-21|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706032456/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/throwbackthursday-watch-clem-ohameze-olu-jacobs-zack-orji-in-end-time-id5471024.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 2010, Ohameze ya fito a cikin fim ɗin da ya sami lambar yabo ta ''Ije: Journey'' tare da [[Genevieve Nnaji]] da [[Omotola Jalade Ekeinde]] . == Shiga siyasa == Ohameze ya tsaya takarar neman wakilcin mazabar tarayya ta Ohaji-Egbema-Oguta a majalisar wakilai ta tarayyar Najeriya a karkashin [[Peoples Democratic Party|jam’iyyar]] PDP a shekarar 2007. Sai dai ya yi watsi da wannan takarar saboda zargin da ake kan barazana da akai masa ga rayuwarsa. An kai wa motar sa hari, an kuma harbe dan uwan nasa a yayin da lamarin ya faru.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mjemagazine.com/my-car-was-attackedmy-cousin-killed-and-my-driver-escaped-with-a-bullet-nollywood-actor-clems-ohameze/|title=Clem Ohameze attacked|publisher=www.mjemagazine.com|date=26 November 2011|accessdate=2013-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053415/http://www.mjemagazine.com/my-car-was-attackedmy-cousin-killed-and-my-driver-escaped-with-a-bullet-nollywood-actor-clems-ohameze/|archive-date=21 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ohameze ya koma [[Landan|London]], [[Birtaniya|United Kingdom]] . Ya yi niyyar tsayawa takara a zaben 2015 mai zuwa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mjemagazine.com/my-car-was-attackedmy-cousin-killed-and-my-driver-escaped-with-a-bullet-nollywood-actor-clems-ohameze/|title=My Car was Attacked,My cousin killed and My Driver Escaped with a Bullet - Nollywood Actor Clems Ohameze|date=2011-11-26|newspaper=MJ Celebrity Magazine|access-date=2017-02-21|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170528012506/http://www.mjemagazine.com/my-car-was-attackedmy-cousin-killed-and-my-driver-escaped-with-a-bullet-nollywood-actor-clems-ohameze/|archive-date=2017-05-28|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/10/clem-ohameze-battles-for-the-kingdom/|title=Clem Ohameze battles for The Kingdom - Vanguard News|date=2012-10-27|newspaper=Vanguard News|access-date=2017-02-21|language=en-US}}</ref>   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|2134861}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Jaruman fim maza na karni na 20\]] [[Category:Tsaffin Daliban Jami'ar Fatakwal]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 3v71j2ja2ln0ornc3dji4khmicz06nh 0 28556 550006 301172 2024-12-02T05:37:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550006 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gregory Artus Frank''' (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Mayu, Shekara ta alif ɗari tara da saba'in da tara 1979A.c), kuma wanda aka sani da '''Frank Artus''', ɗan wasan kwaikwayo [[Laberiya|ne na Laberiya]], <ref>[http://www.tlcafrica.com/news_liberian_movie_star_intensifies_campaign_to_end_violence_against_women_nov_2015.htm "Liberian Movie Star Intensifies Campaign to End Violence Against Women -Tours Four Counties"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724033142/https://www.tlcafrica.com/news_liberian_movie_star_intensifies_campaign_to_end_violence_against_women_nov_2015.htm |date=2020-07-24 }}. ''The Liberian Connection'',</ref> darekta kuma mai shiryawa a masana'antar fina-finai ta [[Afirka ta Yamma]]. <ref>[https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/82256/meet-the-faces-to-watch-in-nollywood-this-year.html "Meet the Faces to Watch in Nollywood this Year"]. ''TV Nigeria'', 9 February 2012</ref> == Kuruciya da ilimi == An haifi Frank a gundumar Montserrado, Laberiya. <ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201308290577.html Liberia: Mixed Reactions - Dream Debo Expresses Disappointment in Artus Frank at Dream House Reality Show"]. ''AllAfrica'', 29 August 2013. J. Ralph Lincoln</ref> Asalin dan kasar Laberiya ne. <ref>[http://therecorderng.com/why-i-cant-marry-genevieve-frank-artus/ "WHY I CAN’T MARRY GENEVIEVE – FRANK ARTUS"]. ''The Recorder'', April 15, 2013</ref> <ref name="pulse">[http://www.pulse.com.gh/celebrities/social-responsibility-franks-artus-adopts-ebola-victims-children-in-liberia-id3910239.html "Franks Artus adopts Ebola victims' children in Liberia"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821004857/http://www.pulse.com.gh/celebrities/social-responsibility-franks-artus-adopts-ebola-victims-children-in-liberia-id3910239.html |date=2017-08-21 }}. ''Pulse Ghana'', 26.06.2015. Portia Arthur</ref> Ya halarci kwaleji a Jami'ar AME da ke Monrovia, inda ya sami digiri a fannin Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a (Human Resources Management). <ref>[http://www.nigeriadailynews.news/sites/news/96980-frank-artus-celebrates-birthday.html "Frank Artus celebrates birthday"]{{Dead link|date=December 2019|fix-attempted=yes}}. ''Nigeria Daily News'', 05/05/2014</ref> == Sana'a == Frank ya fara aikinsa a Laberiya. Ba da dadewa ba, ya komo kasar [[Ghana]] inda ya yi aiki a Venus Films, <ref>[http://www.modernghana.com/movie/10890/frank-artus-tells-his-experience-in-nigeria-whiles-shooting.html "Frank Artus Tells His Experience in Nigeria While Shooting ''My Husband’s Funeral''."]. ''Modern Ghana'', 19 March 2011</ref> daga baya ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya ( [[Nollywood]] ). Bayan yin aiki a ƙananan ayyuka a Laberiya, Artus ya rubuta, ya bada umarni, kuma ya fito a matsayin tauraro a cikin fim ɗin [[''Juetey'']] (Kasuwancin Yara). A cikin 2008, ''Jutey ta'' sami lambobin yabo shida da suka haɗa da mafi kyawun marubuci, mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, da fim ɗin shekara. ''Juetey'' shine ƙoƙarin farko na Frank akan rubutun allo. Tun daga lokacin ya fito a fina-finai sama da 100. An zabe shi don samun lambobin yabo da yawa, kuma ya lashe kyautar Mafi kyawun Jarumin Duniya na 2012 a Kyautar Kwalejin Kwalejin Afirka. Ya kuma ci lambar yabo ta Hall of Grace Award 2013. Ɗaya daga cikin sanannun fina-finansa shine 2012's ''Order of Ring'', wanda ya yi a cikin tsirara. <ref>[http://www.africanmoviesnews.com/2012/11/kensteve-anukas-order-of-the-ring-secures-gtb-award-for-frank-artus/ "Kensteve Anuka’s ‘Order Of The Ring’ secures GTB Award for Frank Artus"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112013020/http://www.africanmoviesnews.com/2012/11/kensteve-anukas-order-of-the-ring-secures-gtb-award-for-frank-artus/ |date=2022-01-12 }}. ''African Movies News'', - Posted on November 13, 2012</ref> <ref>[http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/03/frank-artus-goes-nude-new-movie/ "Frank Artus goes nude in new movie"]. ''Vanguard'', On March 28, 2014</ref> A cikin 2015 an ba Frank lambar yabo ta Face of Africa Award a matsayin fitaccen dan wasa. <ref>[http://www.liberianewsagency.org/pagesnews.php?nid=5753 "Movie Icon Sees Liberia 'Raising And Shining'.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401034920/http://www.liberianewsagency.org/pagesnews.php?nid=5753 |date=2016-04-01 }}. ''Liberian News Agency'', Sep 01, 2015</ref> Ya kuma samu lambobin yabo da dama, ciki har da lambar yabo ta Humanitarian Figure Award daga kwamitin bayar da lambar yabo ta Nahiyar <ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201509101331.html "Liberia: Limu Lambasts Gov't Over Lack of 'Tangible Gift'"]. ''Daily Observer''. By Robin Dopoe Jr "10 September 2015.</ref> saboda gudunmawar da ya bayar wajen yaki da cutar Ebola. <ref>[http://www.liberianobserver.com/lib-life/frank-artus-present-awards "Frank Artus to Present Awards"]. ''Liberian Observer'', 08/13/2015 Robin Dopoe Jr.</ref> <ref>[http://elbcradio.com/2story.php?record_id=1816&sub=66&lang=1 " Liberian Artist to receive Honorary Award in U.S."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230181246/http://elbcradio.com/2story.php?record_id=1816&sub=66&lang=1 |date=2018-12-30 }}. ''ELBC Radio'', July 7, 2015. Terry Gbondo/Benjamin S. Taingay</ref> == Rayuwa == Frank ya auri masoyiyar sa ta yarinta Prima Cooper Frank kuma a halin yanzu ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya uku, mata biyu da namiji wanda ya sanyawa sunan ubangidansa, jarumin Indiya Shah Rukh Khan. == zababbun fina-finan jarumi == *''Agafe'' *''Agony of Birth'' *''Amaka Mustapha'' *''Anger Of A Prince'' *''Anointed Prince'' *''ATM Masters'' *''Beautiful Evil'' *''Beyond My Eyes'' *''Brave'' *''Brides's War'' *''[[Chelsea (film)|Chelsea]]'' *''Crazy Scandal'' *''Desperate Brides'' *''Die With Me'' *''Different Class'' *''Dirty Secret'' *''Family Secret'' *''Fear Untold'' *''Game Mistress'' *''Game of Roses'' *''Game On'' *''Guilty Threat'' *''Hands of Fate'' *''Holy Secret'' *''Illicit Ways'' *''Innocent Sin'' *''Jewels of the Son'' *''Juetey'' *''King's Throne'' *''Kiss and the Brides'' *''Kiss My Tears'' *''Lost In Thoughts'' *''Mad Dog'' *''Madam Success'' *''Midnight Murder'' *''Mission of Justice'' *''Money Never Sleeps'' *''My Diva'' *''My Dying Day'' *''My Husband Funeral'' *''Mystery of Destiny'' *''Native Daughter'' *''New Joy'' *''Order of the Ring'' *''Owerri Soup'' *''Professional Lady'' *''Professionals'' *''Rain Drop'' *''Right In My Eyes'' *''Seduction'' *''Showgirls'' *''Sinking Heart'' *''Speechless'' *''Spiritual Killer'' *''Sugar Town'' *''Swing of Emotion'' *''Tears of the Moon'' *''Temptation'' *''The Feast'' *''The Signature'' *''Torment My Soul'' *''Under'' *''Unfinished Game'' *''Un-Fokables'' *''War of Roses'' *''When You Love Someone'' *''Who Loves Me?'' == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Haihuwan 1979]] [[Category:Yan wasan fim na Laberiya]] [[Category:Mutane daga gundumar Montserrado]] [[Category:Rayayyu]] kqo9g69guqrzpjc7pu3ob6f9y4ojm22 0 29025 549515 308330 2024-12-01T16:15:19Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:ECOLEKALABANCOROADEKEN (1).jpg|thumb|hoton garin ecilekalabancoro]] [[File:Kalabancoro adeken... (2).jpg|thumb|Al-Ada a yanki kalabancoro ]] [[Fayil:ECOLEKALABANCOROADEKEN (1).jpg|thumb|Birnin Kalabancoro]] '''Kalabancoro''' ko Kalaban Koro birni ne na ƙauye kuma birni ne a cikin yankin Koulikoro a kudu maso yammacin [[Mali|Ƙasar Mali]] . Sanarwar ta zama wani yanki na kewayen birnin [[Bamako]], babban birnin kasar Mali. Ya ta'allaka ne a gefen kudu na kogin [[Neja (kogi)|Niger]], kudu da yamma na garuruwan V da VI na Bamako. Sadarwar tana girma cikin sauri. A cikin shekarar 1998 tana da yawan jama'a kimanin 35,582 amma zuwa shekarata 2009 wannan ya karu zuwa 166,722. Yanzu ita ce ta uku (3) mafi yawan jama'a a ƙasar Mali, kuma ya zuwa yanzu ita ce mafi yawan jama'a a ''karkara'' . == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin garuruwa a Mali]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Majiyoyi ==  . qgt0xhjqzgeuji1wv88yn7fm0ht7e2z 0 29065 549501 492115 2024-12-01T15:56:02Z DGtal 11875 removed images of the singer Katy Perry 549501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Manjo-Janar Katy Perry''' (an haife ta a shekarar 1964) ( {{Lang-he|קטי פרי}} ) ita ce shugabar hidimar gidan yari na kasar Isra'ila, wacce aka naɗa a shekarar 2021. <ref>https://www.gov.il/en/departments/news/cohen-head-hr-dept-ips-010721 news of her appointment</ref> == Ilimi da rayuwar sirri == Perry yana da digiri na farko da na biyu a fannin ilimin Islama da Gabas ta Tsakiya daga Jami'ar Hebrew ta Kudus, sannan ya yi digiri na biyu a fannin kimiyyar siyasa daga Jami'ar Haifa da Kwalejin Tsaro ta Kasa. Perry ya auri Ofer Perry, wani ma'aikacin banki mai zaman kansa kuma tsohon VP na Talla a Hukumar Gidan Wasiƙa, kuma suna da 'ya'ya uku. Biyu daga cikin ’yan’uwan Perry, Ehud Yifrach da S. (wanda daga baya ya zama shaida na jiha) an kama su a cikin 2013 bisa zargin ba da cin hanci ga ma’aikatan Kamfanin Ruwa na Tel Aviv, Mei Avivim. Perry ta matsa wa ma'aikatan IPS su ayyana ɗan'uwanta a matsayin " fursunonin aiki " waɗanda ke yin aikin dafa abinci da tsaftacewa kuma suna samun ƙarin 'yancin motsi a kurkuku. An same su da laifin zamba da cin hanci, kuma sun yi zaman gidan yari daidai da hidimarta a IPS. A gefe guda kuma, an yi zargin cewa ta yanke hulda da dan uwanta a shekarar 2015, kuma ba ta yi kokarin yin tasiri a kan lamarinsu ba. == Ayyuka == Bayan an sake ta, ta yi karatu a Jami’ar Hebrew ta Kudus, kuma a lokacin karatunta ta shiga hidimar kurkuku a 1987. Ta yi aiki a sashin leken asiri a matsayin jami'ar tantance laifuka kuma a matsayin mai tushe da jami'in kasafin kudi. Ta yi aiki a matsayin jami’ar tantance masu laifi da masu aikata laifuka a gundumar Kudu, sannan ta yi aikin leken asiri a gidan yarin Ayalon. Perry ta yi aiki a Babban Rundunar IDF daga 1982 zuwa 1984. [[File:Reuven Rivlin on a farewell tour of the Israel Prison Service at Ofek Prison, May 2021 (GPOMN1 2266).jpg|thumb|Katy Perry]] A shekarar 2002, an naɗa ta jami'ar leken asiri. Ta kammala kwas na aikin leken asiri, kuma a shekara ta 2006 aka naɗa mataimakiyar kwamandan gidan yarin Hadarim. A shekara ta 2007 aka naɗa ta jami'ar leken asiri a tsakiyar gundumar, kuma a shekara ta 2008 aka naɗa ta shugabar sashen fursunoni, kuma a 2010 aka naɗa ta shugabar cibiyar Hadarim. Daga nan Perry ya zama shugaban hukumar kula da albarkatun jama'a da mataimakin kwamandan gunduma ta tsakiya. A watan Afrilun shekarar 2018, an kara mata girma zuwa mukamin kwamishina. A watan Agusta 2019, an naɗa ta Shugabar Gundumar Kudanci a Hidimar Kurkuku ta Isra’ila. Ita ce mace ta farko da aka nada a matsayin hedkwatar gundumar a IPS. A cikin Disamba 2020, Ministan Tsaro na Cikin Gida, Amir Ohana, ya yanke shawarar naɗa Perry a matsayin Kwamishinan IPS na 18. A ranar 24 ga Janairu, shekarar 2021, an naɗa Perry Kwamishiniyar gidajen yari kuma aka kara mata girma zuwa mukamin Manjo-Gondar. [[File:Katyperi.jpg|thumb|Katy Perry]] A lokacin aikinta, hutun kurkukun Gilboa ya faru, don haka Perry ta fuskanci kiraye-kirayen yin murabus. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] buqsqjwf1ysxo4avr9m8pv9ooyh7eir 0 30257 550165 506474 2024-12-02T09:12:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Children%27s_work.jpg |thumb|Yara na Aiki ]] [[File:Children_of_Iran_Of_qom_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D9%85%DB%8C_13.jpg |thumb| Yara daga birnin Qom na kasar Iran]] [[Fayil:Schoolgirls in Bamozai.JPG|thumb|Yanci na yara ilimi don gobensu tai kyau]] '''Haƙƙoƙin yara,''' wani yanki ne na [[Haƙƙoƙin ɗan'adam|haƙƙin ɗan adam]], tare da kulawa ta musamman ga haƙƙoƙin kariya da kulawa ta musamman da ake ba wa yara ƙanana. (Kada a rude da hakkin Matasa ). Yarjejeniyar kare hakkin yara ta shekarar 1989 (CRC), ta bayyana yaro a matsayin "duk wani dan Adam da bai kai shekara sha takwas ba, sai dai idan a karkashin dokar da ta shafi yaron, an samu rinjaye a baya." <ref name="CRC">[http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/k2crc.htm Convention on the Rights of the Child], G.A. res. 44/25, annex, 44 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 167, U.N. Doc. A/44/49 (1989), entered into force Sept. 2 1990.</ref> Haƙƙoƙin yara sun haɗa da haƙƙin haƙƙin haɗin gwiwa tare da iyaye biyu, ainihin ɗan adam da kuma abubuwan buƙatu na kariya ta jiki, abinci, ilimin da ake biyan kuɗin ƙasa na duniya, kula da lafiya, da dokokin laifuka waɗanda suka dace da shekaru da haɓakar ɗan yaro, dai-daitaccen kariyar. 'yancin ɗan adam, Kuma da 'yanci daga nuna bambanci dangane da launin fata, jinsi, yanayin jima'i, asalin jinsi, asalin ƙasa, [[addini]], nakasa, launi, ƙabila, ko wasu halaye. Fassarorin haƙƙoƙin yara sun bambanta daga ba wa yara damar yin aikin kai tsaye zuwa tilasta wa yara su kasance a zahiri, Sannna Kuma hankali da tunani ba tare da cin zarafi ba, kodayake kuma abin da ya ƙunshi “zagi” lamari ne na muhawara. Sauran ma'anar sun haɗa da haƙƙin kulawa da renon yara. <ref>Bandman, B. (1999) ''Children's Right to Freedom, Care, and Enlightenment.'' Routledge. p 67.</ref> Babu wani ma'anar wasu kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su don kwatanta matasa kamar " [[Samartaka|matasa]] ", "matasa", ko " matasa " a cikin dokokin duniya, <ref>[http://www.hrea.org/index.php?base_id=81 "Children and youth"], Human Rights Education Association. Retrieved 2/23/08.</ref> amma ana ɗaukar ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin yara daban da ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin matasa. Fannin kare hakkin yara ya ta'allaka ne a fagen shari'a, [[siyasa]], [[addini]], da kyawawan halaye. == Hujja == [[File:Clock_boy.jpg|thumb| Yaro yana aiki a matsayin "Yaron agogo" a kan titunan Merida, Mexico]] A matsayin yara ƙanana bisa doka, yara ba su da 'yancin kai ko 'yancin yanke shawara da kan su a kowane yanki da aka sani na duniya. Kuma Madadin haka masu kula da su manya, gami da kuma iyaye, ma'aikatan jin daɗin jama'a, malamai, ma'aikatan matasa, da sauransu, an ba su ikon wannan ikon, gwargwadon yanayin. <ref>Lansdown, G. "Children's welfare and children's rights," in Hendrick, H. (2005) ''Child Welfare And Social Policy: An Essential Reader.'' The Policy Press. p. 117</ref> Wasu na ganin cewa wannan yanayin na ba wa yara rashin isasshen iko kan rayuwarsu kuma yana sa su zama masu rauni. <ref>Lansdown, G. (1994). "Children's rights," in B. Mayall (ed.) ''Children's childhood: Observed and experienced.'' London: The Falmer Press. p 33.</ref> Louis Althusser ya yi nisa da siffanta wannan na'ura ta doka, Sannna kamar yadda ta shafi yara, a matsayin "na'urorin gwamnati na danniya". <ref>Jenks, C. (1996) "Conceptual limitations," ''Childhood.'' New York: Routledge. p 43.</ref> Wasu masu sharhi sun gudanar da tsare-tsare irin su manufofin gwamnati don rufe hanyoyin da manya ke cin zarafi da cin zarafin yara, Kuma wanda ke haifar da talaucin yara, rashin samun ilimi, da aikin yara . A kan wannan ra'ayi, ya kuma kamata a dauki yara a matsayin 'yan tsiraru wanda al'umma ke buƙatar sake duba yadda take. Masu bincike sun gano yara suna buƙatar a gane su a matsayin masu shiga cikin al'umma waɗanda ke buƙatar sanin haƙƙinsu da alhakin su a kowane zamani . <ref>Lansdown, G. (1994). "Children's rights," in B. Mayall (ed.) ''Children's childhood: Observed and experienced.'' London: The Falmer Press. p 34.</ref> == Ma'anonin tarihi na haƙƙoƙin yara == [[File:Schnorr_von_Carolsfeld_Bibel_in_Bildern_1860_045.png|thumb| 'Yar Fir'auna ta ji tausayin jariri Musa a cikin kwandon da yake iyo. (Babanta ne ya umarta a kashe jariran Ibraniyawa. )]] Sir William Blackstone shekarata (1765-1769) ya gane ayyuka uku na iyaye ga yaro: kulawa, kariya, da ilimi. <ref name="Blackstone1-16">Blackstone's ''Commentaries on the Laws of England'', Book One, [http://lonang.com/library/reference/blackstone-commentaries-law-england/bla-116/ Chapter Sixteen]. (1765-1769).</ref> A cikin harshen zamani, yaron yana da hakkin ya karbi waɗannan daga iyaye. Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasashen Duniya ta amince da <nowiki><i id="mwWg">Yarjejeniyar Geneva na 'Yancin Yara</i></nowiki> a shekarata (1924), wanda kuma ya nuna 'yancin yara don karɓar abubuwan da ake bukata don ci gaba na al'ada, hakkin yaron da ke fama da yunwa don ciyarwa, 'yancin yaron mara lafiya ya sami lafiya. DA Kuma kula, da haƙƙin dan baya a kwatowa, hakkin marayu na matsuguni, da hakkin kariya daga amfani. <ref name="childrights1924">[http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/childrights.html Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child of 1924], adopted Sept. 26, 1924, League of Nations O.J. Spec. Supp. 21, at 43 (1924).</ref> [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|Yarjejeniyar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ta shekarar (1948) a cikin Mataki na ashirin da 25(2) ta amince da bukatar uwa da yara zuwa "kariya ta musamman da taimako" da 'yancin dukkan yara na samun "kariyar zamantakewa". Babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya amince da ''sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da Haƙƙin yara'' a shekarata (1959), wanda ya zayyana ƙa'idojin goma don kare hakkin yara, ciki har da haƙƙoƙin duniya baki ɗaya, Kuma 'yancin samun kariya ta musamman, da yancin kariya daga wariya., da sauran hakkoki. <ref name="childrights1959">[http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/k1drc.htm Declaration of the Rights of the Child], G.A. res. 1386 (XIV), 14 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 16) at 19, U.N. Doc. A/4354 (1959).</ref> Yarjejeniyar fayyace Haƙƙin yara ta ƙara fitowa fili a cikin shekaru hamsin da suka gabata. <ref>Franklin, B. (2001) ''The new handbook of children's rights: comparative policy and practice.'' Routledge. p 19.</ref> Wani bugu da [[Hillary Clinton]] ta buga a shekarata 1973 (sai lauya) ta bayyana cewa yancin yara “laka ne mai bukatar ma’ana”. A cewar wasu masu bincike, har yanzu ba a fayyace ra'ayin 'yancin yara ba, inda a kalla daya ke nuni da cewa babu wata ma'ana ko ka'idar hakkin da yara ke da shi. <ref name="nesl.edu">Mangold, S.V. (2002) [http://www.nesl.edu/lawrev/Vol36/1/Mangold.pdf "Transgressing the Border Between Protection and Empowerment for Domestic Violence Victims and Older Children: Empowerment as Protection in the Foster Care System,"] New England School of Law. Retrieved 4/3/08.</ref> Ana ayyana dokar haƙƙin yara a matsayin wurin da doka ta haɗu da rayuwar yaro. Wannan ya haɗa da laifuffuka na yara, tsarin da ya dace ga yara masu hannu a cikin tsarin shari'ar laifuka, wakilcin da ya dace, da kuma ingantaccen sabis na gyarawa; kulawa da kariya ga yara a kulawar jihar; tabbatar da ilimi ga duk yara ba tare da la'akari da launin fata, jinsi, yanayin jima'i, asalin jinsi, asalin ƙasa, [[addini]], nakasa, launi, ƙabila, ko wasu halaye ba, da kuma; kiwon lafiya da shawarwari. <ref>Ahearn, D., Holzer, B. with Andrews, L. (2000, 2007) ''[http://hls.harvard.edu/content/uploads/2008/07/guide-children-rights.pdf Children's Rights Law: A Career Guide]''. [[Harvard Law School]]. Retrieved 18 October 2015.</ref> == Rabewa == Yara suna da nau'ikan [[Haƙƙoƙin ɗan'adam|haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam]] iri biyu a ƙarƙashin dokokin haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya . Suna da haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam na gama-gari kamar manya, kodayake wasu haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam, kamar ''haƙƙin aure'', suna nan kwance har sai sun girma, Na biyu kuma, suna da haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam na musamman waɗanda suka wajaba don kare su a lokacin tsirarunsu. <ref name="UNICEF1">UNICEF, [http://www.unicef.org/crc/index_protecting.html Convention on the Rights of the Child] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306162541/https://www.unicef.org/crc/index_protecting.html |date=2019-03-06 }}, 29 November 2005.</ref> haƙƙin ɗan ''adam'', ''’yanci daga wulakanci, rashin tausayi, ko wulaƙanci'', da ''yancin samun kariya ta musamman lokacin ƙuruciya'' . Haƙƙin ɗan adam na musamman na yara sun haɗa da, Kuma a tsakanin sauran haƙƙoƙin, ''yancin rayuwa'', ''yancin suna'', ''yancin bayyana ra'ayinsa a cikin al'amuran da suka shafi yaro'', ''<nowiki/>'yancin yin tunani, lamiri da addini'', ' ''[[Ƴancin Lafiya|yancin kula da lafiya]]'', ' ''yancin samun kariya daga cin zarafi na tattalin arziki da jima'i'', da ' ''yancin ilimi'' . <ref name="CRC"/> Ana fayyace haƙƙoƙin yara ta hanyoyi da yawa, gami da nau'ikan haƙƙoƙin farar hula, siyasa, tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da al'adu . Sannna Kuma Haƙƙoƙi sun kasance nau'i biyu na gama-gari: masu ba da shawara ga yara a matsayin masu cin gashin kansu a ƙarƙashin doka da kuma masu yin da'awar a kan al'umma don kariya daga cutarwa da ake yi wa yara saboda dogaro da su. Waɗannan an lakafta su a matsayin ''haƙƙin ƙarfafawa'' da kuma ''haƙƙin kariya'' . <ref name="nesl.edu"/> Jagororin ilimi na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na yara sun rarraba haƙƙoƙin da aka zayyana a cikin Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Yara a matsayin "3 Ps": Samarwa, Kariya, da Shiga. Ana iya fayyace su kamar haka: * '''Samar da:''' Yara suna da [[Yancin Samun Ingataccen Tsarin Rayuwa|Haƙƙin samun isasshen yanayin rayuwa]], kula da lafiya, ilimi da ayyuka, da wasa da nishadi . Waɗannan sun haɗa da daidaitaccen abinci, gado mai dumi don kwana a ciki, da samun damar zuwa makaranta . * '''Kariya:''' Yara suna da Haƙƙin samun kariya daga cin zarafi, sakaci, cin zarafi da wariya. Wannan ya haɗa da haƙƙin wurare masu aminci don yara su yi wasa; ingantacciyar dabi'ar tarbiyyar yara, sannan da kuma yarda da iyawar yara masu tasowa . * '''Shiga:''' Yara suna da 'yancin shiga cikin al'ummomi kuma suna da shirye-shirye da ayyuka don kansu. Wannan ya haɗa da shigar yara cikin ɗakunan karatu da shirye-shiryen al'umma, ayyukan muryar matasa, da haɗa yara a matsayin masu yanke shawara. <ref>(1997) "Children's rights in the Canadian context", ''Interchange. 8''(1–2). Springer.</ref> Hakazalika, Ƙungiyar kare hakkin yara ta kasa da kasa (CRIN) ta kasafta haƙƙoƙin zuwa rukuni biyu: <ref>[http://www.crin.org/resources/infoDetail.asp?ID=13423 "A-Z of Children's Rights"], Children's Rights Information Network. Retrieved 2/23/08.</ref> <ref>Freeman, M. (2000) "The Future of Children's Rights," ''Children & Society. 14''(4) p 277-93.</ref> * Haƙƙoƙin tattalin arziƙi, zamantakewa da al'adu, masu alaƙa da yanayin da ake buƙata don biyan buƙatun ɗan adam kamar abinci, matsuguni, ilimi, kula da lafiya, da samun aikin yi. Sannna Kuma Haƙƙin haƙƙin ilimi, isassun gidaje, abinci, ruwa, mafi girman ma'auni na lafiya, [[Ƴancin yin aiki|haƙƙin yin aiki]] da haƙƙoƙin aiki, da haƙƙin al'adu na tsiraru da ƴan asalin ƙasar. * Haƙƙoƙin muhalli, al'adu da ci gaba, waɗanda wasu lokuta ana kiransu " [[Ƴancin Dan adam zuwa gida uku|haƙƙin ƙarni na uku]] ", gami da 'yancin rayuwa a cikin yanayi mai aminci da lafiya kuma ƙungiyoyin jama'a suna da haƙƙin ci gaban al'adu, siyasa da tattalin arziki. Kungiyar kare hakkin bil adama ta kasa da [[Amnesty International|kasa Amnesty International ta]] fito fili ta ba da shawarar kare hakkin yara guda hudu da suka hada da kawo karshen tsare yara kanana ba tare da neman afuwa ba, kawo karshen daukar yara aikin soja da kawo karshen hukuncin kisa ga mutanen kasa da shekara 21, da kuma wayar da kan jama'a game da hakkin dan Adam a cikin aji . [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Human Rights Watch]], kungiyar kare hakkin bil adama ta kasa da kasa, ta kuma hada da aikin yara, adalcin yara, marayu da yaran da aka yi watsi da su, [['Yan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]], yara kan titi da kuma [[Kafar Azaba|azabtar]] da jiki . Nazarin ilimi gabaɗaya yana mai da hankali kan haƙƙin yara ta hanyar gano haƙƙoƙin mutum ɗaya. Sannan Kuma Hakkoki masu zuwa "ba da damar yara su girma cikin koshin lafiya da 'yanci":  <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D;</sup> <ref>Calkins, C.F. (1972) "Reviewed Work: Children's Rights: Toward the Liberation of the Child by Paul Adams", ''Peabody Journal of Education. 49''(4). p. 327.</ref> * [[Ƴancin Faɗar Albarkacin Baki|'Yancin magana]] * [['Yancin Tunani|'Yancin tunani]] * 'Yanci daga tsoro * [[Ƴancin zaɓi|'Yancin zabi]] da ' yancin yanke shawara * Mallaka akan jikin mutum === Hakkokin jiki === Wani rahoto da kwamitin kula da harkokin jama’a da lafiya da ci gaba mai dorewa na Majalisar Dokokin Tarayyar Turai ya fitar, ya bayyana wurare da dama da kwamitin ya damu da su, da Kuma suka hada da hanyoyin da suka hada da “kaciyar mata, kaciya ga yara maza saboda dalilai na addini. ayyukan likitanci na yara kanana game da yaran da ke tsakanin jima'i da kuma mika wuya ga ko tilasta wa yara yin huda, jarfa ko tiyatar filastik". <ref name="report">Committee on Social Affairs, Health and Sustainable Development. [http://www.assembly.coe.int/CommitteeDocs/2013/Eintegritychildren2013.pdf ''Children's Right to Physical Integrity''], Doc. 13297. Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, 6 September 2013.</ref> Majalisar ta amince da kudurin da ba ya dawwama a cikin shekarata 2013 wanda ya yi kira ga kasashe mambobinta 47 da su dauki matakai da yawa don inganta mutuncin yara. <ref name="resolution">Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. ''[http://assembly.coe.int/nw/xml/XRef/X2H-Xref-ViewPDF.asp?FileID=20174&lang=en Children's Right to Physical Integrity]'', Resolution 1952., Adopted at Strasbourg, Tuesday, 1 October 2013.</ref> Mataki na sha tara 19 na Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Yara ya umurci bangarori da su "daukar duk matakan da suka dace na majalisa, gudanarwa, zamantakewa da ilimi don kare yaron daga duk wani nau'i na tashin hankali na jiki ko tunani, rauni ko cin zarafi, sakaci ko kulawa, zalunci ko rashin kulawa ko rashin kulawa. amfani". Kwamitin kare hakkin yara ya fassara labarin 19 a matsayin haramta azabtar da jiki, yana yin tsokaci game da "wajibi na dukan Jihohin Jam'iyyar don matsawa da sauri don haramtawa da kawar da duk wani hukunci na jiki." <ref>UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (2006) "General Comment No. 8:" par. 3.</ref> Kwamitin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kuma fassara sashe na 7 na yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan 'yancin jama'a da siyasa da ya haramta " zalunci, cin zarafi ko wulakanci ko hukunci" ga yara, gami da azabtar da yara. <ref>UN Human Rights Committee (1992) [http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/gencomm/hrcom20.htm "General Comment No. 20".] HRI/GEN/1/Rev.4.: p. 108</ref> Newell shekarata (1993) ya bayar da hujjar cewa "...matsi don kare mutuncin yara ya kamata ya zama wani bangare na matsin lamba ga duk 'yancin yara." Kwamitin Ilimin Halittu na Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Yara ta Amurka (AAP) (1997), yana ambaton Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Yara shekarata (1989), ta tabbatar da cewa "kowane yaro ya kamata ya sami damar girma da haɓakawa daga rashin lafiya ko rauni da za a iya hana shi. " === Wasu batutuwa === Sauran batutuwan da kuma suka shafi 'yancin yara sun hada da amfani da yara sojoji da sayar da 'ya'ya, karuwancin yara da hotunan batsa . === Bambanci tsakanin 'yancin yara da 'yancin matasa === "A mafi yawancin hukunce-hukuncen, alal misali, ba a yarda yara su yi zabe, su yi aure, su sayi barasa, yin jima'i, ko kuma su yi aikin da ake biya." <ref>[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/rights-children/ "Children's Rights"], ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.'' Retrieved 2/23/08.</ref> A cikin kungiyar kare hakkin matasa, an yi imanin cewa babban bambanci tsakanin 'yancin ''yara da'' 'yancin ''matasa'' shine cewa masu goyon bayan 'yancin yara gabaɗaya suna ba da shawarar kafawa da aiwatar da kariya ga yara da matasa, yayin da 'yancin matasa (ƙananan motsi) gabaɗaya ya ba da shawarar fadadawa. Kuma 'yancin kai ga yara da/ko matasa da na haƙƙoƙin kamar zaɓe . === Ikon iyaye === Ana ba iyaye isassun iko don cika ayyukansu ga yaro. <ref name="Blackstone1-16"/> Iyaye suna shafar rayuwar yara ta wata hanya ta musamman, don haka dole ne a bambanta rawar da suke takawa a cikin hakkin yara ta wata hanya ta musamman. Batutuwa na musamman a cikin dangantakar yara da iyaye sun haɗa da rashin kula da yara, Sannnan cin zarafin yara, [[Ƴancin zaɓi|yancin zaɓi]], [[Kafar Azaba|azabtar]] da jiki da rikon yara . <ref>Brownlie, J. and Anderson, S. (2006) "'Beyond Anti-Smacking': Rethinking parent–child relations," ''Childhood. 13''(4) p 479-498.</ref> An sami ra'ayoyin da aka bayar waɗanda ke ba wa iyaye ayyuka na tushen haƙƙoƙi waɗanda ke warware tashe-tashen hankula tsakanin "ilimin da na kowa" da 'yancin yara. <ref>Brennan, S. and Noggle, R. (1997) "The Moral Status of Children: Children's Rights, Parent's Rights, and Family Justice," ''Social Theory and Practice. 23.''</ref> Batun ya fi dacewa a cikin shari'ar da ta shafi yiwuwar 'yantar da kananan yara, da kuma a lokuta da yara suka kai karar iyayensu. <ref>Kaslow, FW (1990) Children who sue parents: A new form of family homicide? ''Journal of Marital and Family Therapy. 16''(2) p 151–163.</ref> Haƙƙoƙin yaro ga dangantaka da iyayensu biyu ana ƙara saninsa a matsayin muhimmin al'amari don ƙayyadaddun maslahar yaro a cikin [[Saki|kisan aure]] da kuma shari'ar kula da yara . Sannan kuma Wasu gwamnatocin sun kafa dokoki da ke haifar da zato da za a iya warwarewa cewa tarbiyar yara ita ce mafi kyawun amfanin yara. <ref>[http://www.fact.on.ca/ "What is equal shared parenting?"] Fathers Are Capable Too: Parenting Association. Retrieved 2/24/08.</ref> ==== Iyakance ikon iyaye ==== Iyaye ba su da cikakken iko akan 'ya'yansu. Kuma Iyaye suna ƙarƙashin dokokin aikata laifuka kan watsi, cin zarafi, da rashin kula da yara. Dokokin kare hakkin dan Adam na kasa da kasa sun yi tanadin cewa bayyanar addinin mutum na iya iyakancewa don kare lafiyar jama'a, don kare zaman lafiyar jama'a, lafiya ko ɗabi'a, ko don kare haƙƙoƙi da yancin wasu. <ref>''[http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/005.htm European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms] as amended by Protocols No. 11 and No. 14''. Adopted at Rome, 4 XL 1950.</ref> Kotuna sun sanya wasu iyakoki akan iko da ayyukan iyaye. [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Koli ta Amurka]], a cikin shari'ar ''Prince v.'' ''Massachusetts'', ta yanke hukuncin cewa addinin iyaye ba ya ba da izinin sanya yaro cikin haɗari. <ref>[https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0321_0158_ZO.html Prince v. Massachusetts], 321 U.S. 158 (1944).</ref> The Lords of Appeal a Talakawa ta yi mulki, a game da ''Gillick v West Norfolk da Hukumar Kiwon Lafiya ta Wisbech da kuma wani'', cewa haƙƙin iyaye yana raguwa tare da haɓaka shekaru da ƙwarewar yaron, amma kada ya ɓace gaba ɗaya har sai yaron ya kai ga rinjaye. Kuma Ana samun haƙƙin iyaye daga ayyukan iyaye ga yaro. Idan babu aiki, babu haƙƙin iyaye. <ref name="Adler">Peter W. Adler. [http://rjolpi.richmond.edu/archive/Adler_Formatted.pdf Is circumcision legal?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020075015/http://rjolpi.richmond.edu/archive/Adler_Formatted.pdf |date=2013-10-20 }} 16(3) Richmond J. L. & Pub. Int 439-86 (2013).</ref> Kotun Koli ta Kanada ta yanke hukunci, a cikin shari'ar ''E (Mrs) da Hauwa'u'', cewa iyaye ba za su iya ba da izinin maye gurbin ba don hana haihuwa ba. <ref>[http://scc-csc.lexum.com/decisia-scc-csc/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/170/index.do E. (Mrs.) v. Eve], [1986] 2 S.C.R. 388</ref> Kotun Koli ta Kanada ta yanke hukunci,Sannan a cikin shari'ar ''B. (R.) v.'' ''Ƙungiyar Taimakon Yara na Metropolitan Toronto'' : <ref>[http://scc-csc.lexum.com/decisia-scc-csc/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/1220/index.do B. (R.) v. Children's Aid Society of Metropolitan Toronto]. [1995] 1 S.C.R.</ref><blockquote>Yayin da yara ba za su iya cin gajiyar Yarjejeniya ba, musamman wajen kare hakkinsu na rayuwa da kuma tsaron lafiyar jikinsu, ba za su iya tabbatar da wadannan hakkoki ba, kuma don haka al’ummarmu ta dauka cewa iyaye za su yi amfani da ‘yancin zabar su ta hanyar da ta dace. wanda ba ya cin zarafin ‘ya’yansu.</blockquote>Adler a shekarata (2013) yayi jayayya cewa iyaye ba su da ikon ba da izinin maye gurbin kaciya na yara marasa magani. <ref name="Adler"/> == Motsi == Buga na shekarata 1796 na Thomas Spence 's ''Rights of Infants'' yana cikin farkon furcin Turanci na haƙƙin yara. A cikin karni na 20, masu fafutukar kare hakkin yara sun shirya don yancin yara marasa gida da ilimin jama'a . Littafin ''The Right to Respect'' na Janusz Korczak a shekara ta 1927 ya ƙarfafa wallafe-wallafen da ke kewaye da wannan fanni, kuma a yau ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa da dama suna aiki a faɗin duniya don haɓaka yancin yara. Kuma A cikin Burtaniya kafa ƙungiyar masana ilimi, malamai, ma'aikatan adalci na matasa, 'yan siyasa da masu ba da gudummawar al'adu da ake kira Sabon Ideals a Taron Ilimi <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/New-Ideals-in-Education-Conferences-386690128169894/?ref=bookmarks New Ideals in Education Conferences]</ref> (1914-37) ya tsaya ga darajar 'yantar da yaro' kuma ya taimaka wajen ayyana ma'anar. makarantar firamare 'mai kyau' a Ingila har zuwa 80s. <ref>Newman, Michael (2015) Children’s Rights in our Schools – the movement to liberate the child, an introduction to the New Ideals in Education Conferences 1914-1937, [https://www.academia.edu/14081708/Regaining_the_History_of_Childrens_Rights_in_Schools_Through_the_New_Ideals_in_Education_Conferences_1914-37 www.academia.edu]</ref> Taron nasu ya zaburar da kungiyar UNESCO, Sabuwar Fellowship Fellowship. Kamar yadda littafin Neill na shekarata 1915 ''A Dominie's Log'' (1915), littafin diary na wani babban malami ya canza makarantarsa bisa ga 'yanci da farin ciki na yaro, ana iya kallonsa a matsayin samfurin al'adu wanda ke murna da jaruman wannan yunkuri.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2017}} === Adawa === Adawa da yancin yara ya daɗe kafin duk wani yanayi na yau da kullun a cikin al'umma, Kuma tare da rubuce-rubucen maganganu game da haƙƙin yara tun daga karni na 13 zuwa baya. Masu adawa da ’yancin yara sun yi imanin cewa matasa suna buƙatar a kāre su daga duniyar balagaggu, gami da yanke shawara da alhakin wannan duniyar. <ref>DeLamater, J.D. (2003) ''Handbook of Social Psychology.'' Springer. p 150.</ref> A cikin al'ummar da ta fi kowa girma, yarinta yana da kyau a matsayin lokacin rashin laifi, sannna lokaci mara nauyi da rikici, kuma lokacin da wasa ya mamaye shi. <ref>Lansdown, G. (1994). "Children's rights," in B. Mayall (ed.) ''Children's childhood: Observed and experienced.'' London: The Falmer Press. (p 33-34).</ref> Yawancin 'yan adawa sun samo asali ne daga matsalolin da suka shafi ikon mallakar ƙasa, 'yancin jihohi, dangantakar iyaye da yara. An kuma ba da misali da matsalolin kuɗi da kuma "ƙasassun dabi'un gargajiya na adawa da 'yancin yara", haka nan. <ref>Covell, K. and Howe, R.B. (2001) ''The Challenge of Children's Rights for Canada. Wilfrid Laurier University Press. p 158.''</ref> Tunanin haƙƙin yara ya ɗan sami kulawa a Amurka. <ref>Mason, M.A. (2005) [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2005/is_4_38/ai_n15681379 "The U.S. and the international children's rights crusade: leader or laggard?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120713075031/findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2005/is_4_38/ai_n15681379 |date=2012-07-13 }} ''Journal of Social History.'' Summer.</ref> == Dokokin kare hakkin dan adam na duniya == Ana ganin [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|sanarwar Haƙƙin Dan Adam]] ta Duniya a matsayin tushen duk ƙa'idodin shari'a na duniya don yancin yara a yau. Akwai yarjejeniyoyin yarjejeniya da dokoki da yawa waɗanda ke magance yancin yara a duniya. Sannna kuma Takardun da yawa na yanzu da na tarihi suna shafar waɗannan haƙƙoƙin, gami da Bayanin Haƙƙin Yara, <ref name="childrights1924"/> wanda Eglantyne Jebb ya tsara a cikin shekarar 1923, wanda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da shi a shekarata 1924 kuma ta sake tabbatarwa a cikin 1934. [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ta yi amfani da sigar da aka fadada dan kadan a cikin shekarar 1946, sannan kuma wani nau'i mai fa'ida da yawa wanda Babban Taro ya karbe a Shekarata 1959. Daga baya ya zama tushen Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Yara . === Yarjejeniya Ta Duniya Kan 'Yancin Jama'a da Siyasa === Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan 'yancin jama'a da siyasa (ICCPR) a cikin shekarata 1966. ICCPR yarjejeniya ce ta kasa da kasa da yawa wacce kusan dukkan al'ummomi a Duniya suka amince da su ko kuma suka amince da su. Ana buƙatar al'ummomin da suka zama jam'iyyun Jiha zuwa ga Alkawari su mutunta da aiwatar da haƙƙoƙin da wa'adin ya bayyana. Yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki ne a ranar 23 ga Maris shekarar 1976. Haƙƙoƙin da ICCPR ta tsara na duniya ne, don haka sun shafi kowa ba tare da togiya ba kuma wannan ya haɗa da yara. Ko da yake yara suna da duk wani hakki, kuma wasu haƙƙoƙin kamar haƙƙin yin aure da ’yancin yin zaɓe suna aiki ne kawai bayan yaron ya balaga. Wasu haƙƙoƙin gama gari waɗanda ke aiki ga yara sun haɗa da: * hakkin rayuwa * hakkin tsaron mutum * 'yancin walwala daga azabtarwa * 'yancin samun 'yanci daga zalunci, rashin mutuntaka ko wulakanci ko hukunci * 'yancin rabuwa da manya lokacin da aka tuhume su da laifi, 'yancin yanke hukunci cikin gaggawa, da 'yancin a yi musu magani daidai da shekarun su Mataki na ashirin da hudu ya tsara ’yancin yaro na samun kariya ta musamman saboda tsirarunsa, da hakkin suna, da hakki na dan kasa. === Yarjejeniya kan Haƙƙin Yara === Yarjejeniyar 'yancin yara [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] ta shekarata 1989, ko CRC, ita ce kayan aiki na farko na duniya da ke daure bisa doka don haɗa cikakken haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam—yancin ɗan adam, al'adu, tattalin arziki, siyasa da zamantakewa. Kwamitin kare hakkin yara ne ke kula da aiwatar da shi. Gwamnatocin kasa da suka amince da ita sun dukufa wajen kare da tabbatar da hakkin yara, tare da kuma amincewa da daukar alhakin wannan alkawari a gaban kasashen duniya. <ref>[http://www.unicef.org/crc/ Convention on the Rights of the Child], UNICEF. Retrieved 4/3/08.</ref> CRC ita ce yarjejeniya ta haƙƙin ɗan adam da aka fi amincewa da ita tare da amincewa 196; [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] ce kadai kasar da ba ta amince da ita ba. CRC ta dogara ne akan ka'idoji guda hudu: ka'idar rashin nuna bambanci; kuma mafi kyawun bukatun yaron; 'yancin rayuwa, rayuwa da ci gaba; da kuma la'akari da ra'ayoyin yaron a cikin yanke shawara da suka shafe su, gwargwadon shekarun su da balaga. <ref>[http://www.unicef.org/crc/ Convention on the Rights of the Child]</ref> CRC, tare da hanyoyin tabbatar da laifuka na kasa da kasa kamar Kotun Hukunta Manyan [[Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka|Laifuka ta Duniya]], Kuma Kotunan Yugoslavia da Ruwanda, da Kotun Musamman na Saliyo, an ce sun kara yawan martabar hakkin yara a duniya. === Sanarwar Vienna da Shirin Aiki === Sanarwar Vienna da shirin Aiki ta bukaci, a sashe na biyu para 47, dukkan kasashe da su dauki matakan da za su kai iyakar abin da suke da su, tare da goyon bayan hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa, don cimma muradun shirin aiwatar da ayyukan koli na duniya. Sannna Kuma Da kuma yin kira ga Jihohi da su sanya yarjejeniyar kare hakkin yara cikin tsare-tsaren ayyukansu na kasa. Ta hanyar wadannan tsare-tsare na kasa da kasa da kuma kokarin kasa da kasa, ya kamata a ba da fifiko na musamman wajen rage yawan mace-macen jarirai da mata masu juna biyu, da rage matsalar rashin abinci mai gina jiki da jahilci da samar da tsaftataccen ruwan sha da ilmin asali. Kuma A duk lokacin da aka bukaci haka, ya kamata a samar da tsare-tsare na ayyukan kasa da kasa don yaki da bala'o'i na gaggawa da ke haifar da bala'o'i da rikice-rikice na makamai da kuma babbar matsalar kananan yara cikin matsanancin talauci. Bugu da kari, sakin layi na 48 ya bukaci dukkan jihohi, tare da goyon bayan hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa, da su magance matsalar kananan yara a cikin mawuyacin hali. Yakamata a magance cin zarafi da cin zarafi ga yara, gami da magance tushensu. Sannna Ana buƙatar ingantattun matakai game da kisan jarirai mata, cutar da yara masu cutarwa, siyar da yara da gabobin jiki, karuwancin yara, batsa na yara, da sauran nau'ikan lalata. <ref>[[Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action]]. Section II, para 46 & 47</ref> Wannan ya rinjayi amincewa da Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka akan Shigar Yara a cikin Rikicin Makamai da Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka akan Siyar da Yara, Karuwancin Yara da Batsa na Yara . === tilastawa === Akwai ƙungiyoyin tilastawa da dabaru iri-iri don tabbatar da yancin yara. Sun hada da kungiyar kare hakkin yara don taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na musamman kan yara. Kuma An kafa ta ne don inganta cikakken aiwatarwa da bin yarjejeniyar kare hakkin yara, da kuma tabbatar da cewa an ba da fifiko kan hakkin yara a lokacin babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na musamman kan yara da tsarin shirye-shiryensa. An ƙirƙiri Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Bil Adama ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya "tare da begen cewa za ta iya kasancewa mai ma'ana, sahihanci da inganci wajen yin tir da take haƙƙin ɗan adam a duk duniya fiye da hukumar 'yancin ɗan adam da aka sanya siyasa a ciki." Ƙungiya mai zaman kanta don Yarjejeniya kan Haƙƙin Yara Ƙungiya ce ta ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na duniya da aka kafa tun shekarata 1983 don sauƙaƙe aiwatar da yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'yancin yara. == Dokar kasa == Kasashe da yawa a duniya suna da jami'an kare hakkin yara ko kwamishinonin yara wadanda aikin hukuma, na gwamnati shi ne wakilcin muradun jama'a ta hanyar bincike da kuma magance korafe-korafen da daidaikun jama'a suka bayar game da hakkin yara. Sannan kuma Hakanan ma'aikatan kare hakkin yara na iya aiki ga kamfani, jarida, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta, ko ma ta jama'a. === Dokokin Amurka === Amurka ta sanya hannu amma ba ta amince da CRC ba. Sannan kuma Sakamakon haka, ba a aiwatar da haƙƙin yara bisa tsari ba a Amurka Gabaɗaya ana ba wa yara ainihin haƙƙoƙin da Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ƙunsa, kamar yadda Kwaskwarimar Kwaskwarima ta Goma sha huɗu ga Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Amurka ya tanadar . Matsakaicin Kariya Daidaitacce na wannan gyara shine ya shafi yara, waɗanda aka haifa a cikin aure ko a'a, amma ya ware yaran da ba a haifa ba tukuna. Hukuncin [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Kolin Amurka]] na ''In re Gault'' shekarata (1967) ya ƙarfafa wannan. A cikin wannan shari'ar, dan shekaru 15 Gerald Gault dan jihar Arizona ya shiga hannun 'yan sandan yankin bayan an zarge shi da yin kiran waya na batsa. An tsare shi kuma ya sadaukar da shi zuwa Makarantar Masana'antu ta Jihar Arizona har sai da ya kai shekaru 21 don yin kiran wayar batsa ga wani makwabcin balagagge. A cikin yanke shawara na 8-1, Kotun ta yanke hukuncin cewa a cikin karar da za ta iya haifar da sadaukar da kai ga wata hukuma, mutanen da ke kasa da shekaru 18 suna da 'yancin sanarwa da ba da shawara, Kuma yin tambayoyi ga shaidu, da kuma kariya daga cin zarafi. Kotun ta gano cewa hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su wajen sauraren karar Gault ba su cika ko daya daga cikin wadannan bukatu ba. <ref>[https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0387_0001_ZS.html ''In re Gault''], 387 U.S. 1 (1967).</ref> [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun kolin Amurka ta]] yanke hukunci a shari'ar ''Tinker v.'' ''Des Moines Independent Community School District shekarata'' (1969) cewa ɗalibai a makaranta suna da haƙƙin Tsarin Mulki. <ref>''[https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0393_0503_ZS.html Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District]'', 393 U.S. 503 (1969).</ref> [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun kolin Amurka]] ta yanke hukunci a shari'ar ''Roper v.'' ''Simmons'' cewa ba za a iya kashe mutane ba saboda laifuffukan da aka aikata a ƙasa da shekara goma sha takwas. Kuma Ta yanke hukuncin cewa irin wannan kisa [[Zalunci da Hukuncin da ba'a saba ba|zalunci ne da ba a saba gani ba]], don haka ya saba wa kwaskwarima na takwas ga kundin tsarin mulkin Amurka . <ref>{{Cite court|litigants=Roper v. Simmons|vol=543|reporter=U. S.|opinion=551|date=2005|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/03-633.ZS.html}}</ref> Akwai wasu damuwa a Amurka game da yancin yara. Cibiyar Lauyoyin karɓowa ta Amurka ta damu da haƙƙoƙin yara zuwa aminci, sannan kuma tallafi da tsayayyen tsarin iyali. Matsayin da suke da shi game da hakkin yara a cikin shari'o'in tallafi ya furta cewa, "'ya'ya suna da sha'awar 'yancin kai bisa tsarin mulki don kare iyalansu da aka kafa, haƙƙoƙin da aƙalla daidai yake da su, kuma mun yi imani fiye da haka, haƙƙin wasu da za su yi da'awar 'mallaka. ' sha'awar yaran nan." Sauran batutuwan da suka taso a fafutukar kare hakkin yara na Amurka sun hada da hakkin yara na gado a auren jinsi da musamman hakki na matasa . === Dokokin Jamus === Wani rahoto da shugabar taron masu zaman kansu na Majalisar Turai, Anelise Oeschger ta gabatar, ya gano cewa yara da iyayensu na fuskantar cin zarafi na take [[Hakkokin ɗan'adam|hakkin bil]] adama [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]], [[Tarayyar Turai]] da [[UNICEF]] . Musamman damuwa ita ce hukumar Jamus (da Ostiriya), Jugendamt ( Jamus : Ofishin Matasa) wanda sau da yawa rashin adalci ya ba da damar ikon gwamnati ba tare da kulawa ba game da dangantakar iyaye da yara, wanda ya haifar da cutarwa ciki har da [[Gallazawa|azabtarwa]], wulakanci, kuma zalunci kuma ya haifar da cutarwa. mutuwar yara. Matsalar tana da sarƙaƙiya ta kusan "iko mara iyaka" na jami'an Jugendamt, ba tare da wasu matakai don bita ko warware maganin da bai dace ba ko cutarwa. Kuma A dokar Jamus, jami'an Jugendamt (JA) suna da kariya daga tuhuma. Ana ganin tsawon lokacin kula da jami'an JA a cikin shari'o'in da ke zuwa kotu na iyali inda za a iya soke shaidar ƙwararru daga ƙananan ilimi ko ƙwararrun jami'an JA; Kuma A cikin fiye da 90% na shari'o'in shawarar jami'in JA na karɓar shawarar kotun dangi. Jami’an sun kuma yi watsi da hukuncin kotunan iyali, kamar lokacin da za a mayar da ‘ya’ya ga iyayensu, ba tare da wani lahani ba. Jamus ba ta amince da shawarar kula da yara masu alaƙa da Kotun Majalisar Turai ta yanke ba wanda ya nemi kariya ko warware yara da take haƙƙin iyaye. <ref>[http://lib.ohchr.org/HRBodies/UPR/Documents/Session4/DE/LCR_GER_UPR_S4_2009_LeagueforChildrensRights.pdf League for Children's Rights] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211003054725/https://lib.ohchr.org/HRBodies/UPR/Documents/Session4/DE/LCR_GER_UPR_S4_2009_LeagueforChildrensRights.pdf |date=2021-10-03 }} Individual UPR Submission: Germany. February 2009. Submitted by Bündnis RECHTE für KINDER e.V. and supported by President of the INGO Conference of the Council of Europe, Annelise Oeschger. Retrieved December 27, 2011.</ref> == Duba wasu abubuwan == * Kungiyar Ayyukan Talauci * ''Jaridar Matasa da Muhalli'' * Ilimin hakkin yara * Yarjejeniyar Turai kan Haƙƙin Dan Adam * FGM, Tilastawa Kaciya, da Da'a na kaciya * Kyautar Zaman Lafiyar Yara ta Duniya * Shirin Ayyukan Kasa na Yara * Tilastawa 'yan mata tsiraru a Pakistan * Ranar Jan Hannu * Save the Children * Ka yi tunanin yara * [[UNICEF]] * Kyautar Yara ta Duniya don Haƙƙin Yaranta * Ka'idojin Jagoranci Tsakanin Hukumomi akan Yara Mara Rakiya da Rabe === Hakkokin yara na duniya === * Hakkokin yara a Chile * Hakkokin yara a Colombia * Hakkokin yara a Japan * Hakkin yara a Mali * Bayanin Haƙƙin Yara * [[Sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar kare haƙƙin yara a Iran|Hakkin Yara a Iran]] * Jadawalin yancin matasa a Burtaniya * Jadawalin yancin matasa a Amurka * Zargin maita akan yara a Afirka === Batutuwa === === Kungiyoyin kare hakkin yara === == Manazarta == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Sister project links|Children's rights}} * * [http://www.crin.org/ Cibiyar Sadarwar Haƙƙin Yara] * [http://www.ibcr.org Ofishin kare hakkin yara na kasa da kasa] * [https://www.smilefoundationindia.org/child_rights.html Smile Foundation India] * [http://www.everychild.ca/ "everychild.ca"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226203046/http://everychild.ca/ |date=2018-12-26 }} Yakin wayar da kan jama'a game da hakkin yara na British Columbia, Kanada. Abubuwan albarkatu sun haɗa da hanyoyin haɗi da wallafe-wallafen da suka shafi Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Yara . === Littafi Mai Tsarki === * [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/sri-lankan-army-warns-children-can-be-targets-412064.html "Sojojin Sri Lanka sun yi gargadin Yara na iya zama Manufa"] . * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081129103910/http://www.reproductiverights.org//pdf/pub_bp_implementingadoles.pdf Aiwatar da Haƙƙin Haihuwar Matasa Ta Hanyar Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Yaro"] . Cibiyar Haihuwa. * [https://www.hrw.org/reports/2006/afghanistan0706 "Darussan cikin Ta'addanci: Hare-hare kan Ilimi a Afghanistan"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212214636/https://www.hrw.org/reports/2006/afghanistan0706/ |date=2021-12-12 }} . Human Rights Watch. * [http://hrw.org/english/docs/2006/06/15/burund13554.htm "Burundi: Tsofaffin Yaran Sojoji Suna Ciki A Gidan Yari"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081018024352/http://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2006/06/15/burund13554.htm |date=2008-10-18 }} . Human Rights Watch. * [http://hrw.org/english/docs/2006/01/29/saudia12546.htm "Saudiyya: Bi kiran Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don kawo karshen hukuncin kisa ga yara kanana"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080204021608/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2006/01/29/saudia12546.htm |date=2008-02-04 }} . Human Rights Watch. * [http://hrw.org/english/docs/2005/10/12/usdom11835.htm "Amurka: An yanke wa Dubban Yara Hukuncin Rayuwa ba tare da Tattaunawa ba"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081105180018/http://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2005/10/12/usdom11835.htm |date=2008-11-05 }} . Human Rights Watch. * [http://hrw.org/reports/2006/drc0406 "Menene Gaba: Yara kan titi a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121134615/https://www.hrw.org/reports/2006/drc0406/ |date=2022-01-21 }} . Human Rights Watch. [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] q6d149luc2xc0m2m684ni06aoooocdr 0 30819 549845 509484 2024-12-01T21:34:27Z Ifteehern 31255 Nayi Gyara 549845 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Ministry_of_Environment_in_Budapest,_I._district.JPG |thumb|Ma'aikatar Muhalli a Budapest, gundumar I ]] [[File:Blue Grass Chemical Agent-Destruction Pilot Plant Environmental Protection Agency Tour (51960890680).jpg|thumb|ma'aikatan kula da muhalli]] [[Fayil:Florida Department of Environmental Protection logo.png|thumb|the department]] Ma'aikatar '''[[Muhalli mai zurfi|muhalli]]''' wata hukuma ce ta ƙasa mai alhakin siyasa dake da alhakin muhalli ko albarkatun ƙasa. Ana amfani da wasu sunaye daban-daban don gano irin waɗannan hukumomi, kamar '''Ma'aikatar Muhalli''', '''Sashen Kula da Muhalli''', '''Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli''', ko '''Sashen Albarkatun Kasa'''. Irin waɗannan hukumomin yawanci suna magance matsalolin muhalli kamar kiyaye ingancin muhalli, kiyaye yanayi, cigaba da amfani da albarkatun ƙasa, da rigakafin gurɓata yanayi ko gurɓata muhalli. Ga jerin ma'aikatun muhalli ta ƙasa: == Aljeriya == * Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Ruwa da Muhalli == Argentina == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ci gaba mai dorewa ** Hukumar kula da wuraren shakatawa ta kasa == Ostiraliya == ; Tarayya * Sashen Noma, Ruwa da Muhalli ; Jihohi * Sashen Muhalli da Ruwa (South Australia) * Sashen Muhalli da Kimiyya (Queensland) * Sashen Muhalli, Ƙasa, Ruwa da Tsare-tsare (Victoria) * Sashen Tsare-tsare, Masana'antu da Muhalli (New South Wales) * Sashen Masana'antu na Farko, Ruwa da Muhalli (Tasmania) * Ma'aikatar Ruwa da Tsarin Muhalli (Yammacin Ostiraliya) == Azerbaijan == * Ma'aikatar Karatun yanayin duniya da Albarkatun Kasa == Brazil == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Bulgaria == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ruwa <ref>[http://www.moew.government.bg/ Ministry of Environment and Water (Bulgaria).] Accessed: 17 November 2014.</ref> == Kambodiya == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Kanada == ; Ƙasa * Muhalli da Canjin Yanayi Kanada * Kifi da Tekun Kanada * Albarkatun Kasa Kanada ; Lardi * Sashen Muhalli da Karamar Hukumar (New Brunswick) * ma’aikatar tabbatar da login Manitoba * Maaikatar Muhalli, Kiyayewa da wuraren shakatawa * Ma'aikatar albarkatun kasa da gandun daji * Ma'aikatar Makamashi da Albarkatun Kasa (Quebec) * [[Ma'aikatar muhalli da yaƙi da canjin yanayi|Ma'aikatar Ci gaba mai ɗorewa, muhalli, da yaƙi da sauyin yanayi]] == China, Jamhuriyar Jama'ar == === Kasar Sin === * Ma'aikatar Kimiyya da Muhalli *: tsohuwar Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli (2008 &#x2013; 2018) ** Hukumar Kula da Tsaro ta Nukiliya * Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Kasa ** {{Interlanguage link|State Forestry and Grassland Administration|zh|国家林业和草原局}} (aka National Park Administration) === Hong Kong === * [[Ofishin kula da muhalli Bureau|Ofishin Muhalli]] ** Sashen Kare Muhalli * Ofishin Abinci da Lafiya ** Sashen Noma, Kamun Kifi da Kulawa === Macau === * Sakatariyar Sufuri da Ayyukan Jama'a ** {{Interlanguage link|Environmental Protection Bureau (Macau)|zh|環境保護局 (澳門)}} == Croatia == * Ma'aikatar Gine-gine da Tsare Tsare-tsare * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Kariya == Kuba == * Ma'aikatar Kimiyya, Fasaha da Muhalli == Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Kare yanayi da yawon bude ido == Denmark == * Ma'aikatar Yanayi da Makamashi * Ma'aikatar Muhalli ** Hukumar gandun daji da dabi'a ta Danish ** Danish Geodata Agency == Masar == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry of Environment, Egypt |url=http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/ |access-date=2022-03-30 |archive-date=2009-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090814015005/http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Saudi Arabia == Ma'aikatar Ruwa da Aikin Noma (Saudiyya) == El Salvador == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Albarkatun Kasa == Finland == * Hukumar Tsaro da Sinadarai ta Finnish * Radiation da Hukumar Kare Nukiliya == Faransa == * Ma'aikatar Noma, Abinci, Kifi, Al'amuran Karkara da Tsare Tsare-tsare * Ma'aikatar Ecology, Ci gaba mai dorewa da Makamashi == Jojiya == [[File:Georgia_MoE_logo.JPG|thumb|232x232px| Logo na Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli ta Jojiya]] * Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli da Noma == Jamus == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Tarayya, Kare yanayi da Tsaron Nukiliya (BMU) tare da: ** Umweltbundesamt (UBA) - Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Jamus, wacce ke ba da tallafin kimiyya ** Hukumar Kula da Halittu ta Tarayya ** Bundesamt für kerntechnische Entsorgungssicherheit - Hukumar Jamus don kare lafiyar nukiliya ** Bundesamt na Strahlenschutz * Ma'aikatar Abinci da Aikin Gona ta Tarayya (BMEL) tare da: ** Hukumar Albarkatun Sabuntawa ** Cibiyar Nazarin Haɗari ta Tarayya ** da dai sauransu. == Girka == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Makamashi da Sauyin yanayi == Guatemala == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Albarkatun Kasa == Honduras == * Sakatariyar Makamashi, Albarkatun kasa, Muhalli da ma'adinai == Iceland == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Albarkatun Kasa == Indiya == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli, dazuzzuka da sauyin yanayi ** Hukumar Kula da Gurbacewar Ruwa ta Tsakiya ** Majalisar Indiya ta Binciken Gandun daji da Ilimi ** Hidimar Dajin Indiya == Indonesia == * Ma'aikatar muhalli da gandun daji ** Babban Darakta na Albarkatun Yanayi da Kare Muhalli == Iran == * Sashen Muhalli == Ireland == * Sashen Noma, Abinci da Ruwa * Sashen Muhalli, Yanayi da Sadarwa * [[Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Ghana|Hukumar Kare Muhalli]] == Isra'ila == * [[Ma'aikatar Kariyar Muhalli ta Israel|Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli]] == Italiya == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli (Italiya) == Japan == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Koriya, Jamhuriyar (Koriya ta Kudu) == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Kuwait == * [[Hukumar kula da muhalli ta kuwait|Hukumar Kula da Muhalli]] == Lithuania == * [[:lt:Lietuvos_Respublikos_aplinkos_ministerija|Ma'aikatar Muhalli]] == Luxembourg == * Sashen Muhalli == Malaysia == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Ruwa == Mexico == * Sakatariyar Muhalli da Albarkatun Kasa ** Hukumar gandun daji ta kasar Mexico == Myanmar == * Ma'aikatar kiyaye muhalli da gandun daji == Netherlands == * Ma'aikatar Lantarki da Kula da Ruwa == New Zealand == * Ma'aikatar Kulawa * Ma'aikatar Muhalli * Ma'aikatar Masana'antu na Farko == Nicaragua == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Albarkatun Kasa == Najeriya == ; Ƙasa * Ma'aikatar Noma da Raya Karkara ta Tarayya * Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Tarayya ; Jihohi * Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Jihar Ribas == Norway == * Ma'aikatar Noma da Abinci * Ma'aikatar Muhalli ** Hukumar kula da yanayi da gurbatar yanayi ** Daraktan Gudanar da Hali == Pakistan == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Papua New Guinea == * Hukumar Kare Muhalli da Papua New Guinea.<ref>Department of Environment and Conservation in Papua New Guinea" . Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation . Retrieved 22 November 2020. .</ref> == Peru == [[File:Ministerio_del_Ambiente_0002.JPG|thumb|247x247px| Hedikwatar Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Peruvian]] * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Philippines == * Sashen Muhalli da Albarkatun Kasa ** Ofishin Kula da Muhalli ** Mines da Geosciences Ofishin ** Ofishin Kula da Kasa ** Ofishin Kula da Daji ** Ofishin Ci gaban Binciken Muhalli == Poland == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Portugal == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Romania == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Dazuzzuka == Rasha == * Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ** Sabis na Tarayya don Kula da Lafiyar Dabbobi da Kula da Jiki ** Hukumar Kamun Kifi ta Tarayya * Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Kasa da Muhalli ** Sabis na Tarayya don Hydrometeorology da Kula da Muhalli ** Ma'aikatar Tarayya don Kula da Albarkatun Kasa ** Hukumar Kula da Ruwa ta Tarayya ** Hukumar Kula da Gandun Daji ta Tarayya ** Hukumar Kula da Ma'adanai ta Tarayya == Singapore == [[File:Environment_Building_2,_Feb_06.JPG|thumb|267x267px| Hedikwatar Ma'aikatar Dorewa da Muhalli ta Singapore]] * Ma'aikatar Dorewa da Muhalli * Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Kasa * Hukumar kula da wuraren shakatawa ta kasa == Afirka ta Kudu == * Sashen Noma, Gyaran Kasa &amp;amp; Raya Karkara * Sashen Muhalli, Gandun Daji &amp;amp; Kamun Kifi == Koriya ta Kudu == * Ma'aikatar Abinci, Noma, Gandun Daji da Kamun Kifi * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Spain == * Ma'aikatar Canjin Muhalli da Ƙalubalen Alƙaluma * Ma'aikatar Noma, Kifi da Abinci == Sri Lanka == * Ma'aikatar Ayyukan Agrarian da namun daji ** Sashen Kula da Namun Daji * Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Mahaweli da Muhalli ** Sashen Kula da Daji == Sweden == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli ** Hukumar Kare Muhalli * Yaren mutanen Sweden Chemicals Agency == Switzerland == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Sufuri, Makamashi da Sadarwa na Tarayya == Jamhuriyar China (Taiwan) == * Gudanar da Kare Muhalli, Babban Yuan == Tanzaniya == * Ma'aikatar Albarkatun kasa da yawon bude ido == Tailandia == * Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Kasa da Muhalli (Thailand) == Turkiyya == * Ma'aikatar Makamashi da Albarkatun Kasa * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Birane * Ma'aikatar Kula da Daji da Ruwa == Ukraine == * Ma'aikatar Ecology == Ƙasar Ingila == * Sashen Muhalli, Abinci da Rural (DEFRA) === Ingila === * Hukumar Muhalli (kariya da tsari) * Hukumar kula da gandun daji * Tarihi Ingila (abubuwan tarihi da gine-gine) * Halitta Ingila (tsara) === Ireland ta Arewa === * Sashen Noma, Muhalli da Karkara ** Hukumar Muhalli ta Arewacin Ireland (kariya, kiyayewa, da abubuwan tarihi da gine-gine) * Sashen Muhalli (Arewacin Ireland), narkar da 2016 === Scotland === * Muhalli na Tarihi Scotland (abubuwan tarihi da gine-gine) * Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Scotland (kariya da ƙa'ida) * Gadon Halitta na Scotland (tsara) === Wales === * Cadw (Monuments da gine-gine) * Albarkatun Kasa Wales (kariyar muhalli da kiyayewa) == Amurka == ; Ƙasa * Majalisar kan ingancin muhalli * Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka ** Sabis na gandun daji na Amurka * Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Amurka * Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka * Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida ta Amurka ** Ofishin Kula da Kasa ** wajen parkin na kasa ** Amurka Kifi da Sabis na Namun daji ** Binciken Kasa na Amurka * Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka ; Jiha ; Yanki * Sashen Albarkatun Halitta da Muhalli na Puerto Rico == Uruguay == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli == Venezuela == * Ma'aikatar Muhalli da Albarkatun Kasa == Duba kuma == * [[Ɓangaren kare muhalli na gwamnati|Ministan muhalli]] * Jerin ma'aikatun noma * Jerin kungiyoyin muhalli * Jerin ma'aikatun gandun daji * Jerin sunayen ministocin muhalli * Jerin sunayen ministocin sauyin yanayi == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} 7a5goemctca1yjqyy45vljwvu6f5vmk 0 32345 549860 504108 2024-12-01T22:04:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549860 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Akwasidae_Celebration_in_Manhyia_Palace.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Akwasidae_Celebration_in_Manhyia_Palace.jpg|thumb|Bikin Akwasidae cikin Fadar Manhyia a shekarar 2009.]] [[Fayil:Manhyia Palace Museum.jpg|thumb|gidan bikin awkasidae]] '''Bikin Akwasidae''' (madaidaicin, '''Akwasiadae''') jama'ar Ashanti da sarakunan Ashanti ne suke gudanar da shi,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://citifmonline.com/2014/05/akwasidae-festival-ashanti-regional-police-command-intensifies-security/|title=Akwasidae festival: Ashanti Regional Police Command intensifies security|date=2014-05-09|website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-26}}</ref><ref name="Bak">{{cite web|title=Festivals in Ghana|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/tourism/festivals.php|publisher=www.ghanaweb.com|accessdate=27 December 2011}}</ref> da kuma 'yan kasashen waje na Ashanti. Ana yin bikin ne a ranar Lahadi, sau ɗaya a kowane mako shida.<ref name="Bak" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yearofreturn.com/kofi-kingston-attends-one-of-the-biggest-festivals-in-the-ashanti-region/|title=Kofi Kingston Attends one of the Biggest Festivals in the Ashanti Region – Year Of Return|language=en|access-date=2020-02-26}}</ref> == Kulawa == Kalandar shekara-shekara ta Akan ta kasu zuwa watanni tara wanda ke ɗaukar kimanin makonni shida amma ya bambanta tsakanin kwanaki 40 zuwa 42 a cikin lokaci; ana kiran bikin wannan lokacin bikin Adae. [[Bikin Adae]] yana da kwanaki biyu na bukukuwa: Ana bikin Akwasidae a ranar Lahadi ta ƙarshe na lokacin, yayin da [[bikin Awukudae]] kuma ana yin bikin ne a ranar Laraba a cikin lokacin. Juma’ar da ta gabaci kwanaki 10 zuwa Akwasidae ana kiranta da ''Fofie'' (ma’ana juma’a ta al’ada). Kamar yadda ake gudanar da bikin a ko da yaushe a ranar Lahadi (''Twi'' a Kwasidae), maimaitawarsa na iya kasancewa bayan kwanaki 40 ko 42 daidai da Kalandar Ashanti na hukuma. A karshen Akwasidae na bana, wanda ya yi daidai da bikin Adae Kese, an ba da kulawa ta musamman wajen bayar da kayan abinci da kuma gudummawar da za a taimaka wa mutane.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsghana.com.gh/akwasidae-of-the-akans/|title=AKWASIDAE OF THE AKANS?|last=Ghana|first=News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-26}}</ref> Bukukuwan Adae ba sa canzawa kamar yadda aka tsara su tun zamanin da.{{Sfn|Braffi|2002|p=10}} == Ayyuka == Abubuwan da ake yi a wannan rana sun shafi girmama kakanninsu da na al'umma. Wani taro da ake kira Akom na faruwa ne inda yin ganguna da raye-raye da rera waka wani biki ne na al'ada don girmama Abosom (ƙananan alloli a al'adar Akan) da kuma Nsamanfo (magabatan da aka noma a ruhaniya).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.transafrica.biz/festivals/festivals-in-ghana/|title=Festivals & Events in Ghana|website=TransAfrica|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-26|archive-date=2020-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225153608/http://www.transafrica.biz/festivals/festivals-in-ghana|url-status=dead}}</ref> Abubuwan hadayun abinci sun haɗa da abubuwa na musamman irin su eto (mashed doya na Afirka), waɗanda aka ƙawata da ƙwai masu tauri. Kowane Ashanti yana yin wannan bikin.{{Sfn|Opokuwaa|2005|p=92}} Ga wadanda Ashanti da ba su kiyaye bikin Odwira, Akwasidae yana da matukar muhimmanci don tunawa da kakanninsu.{{Sfn|Ayisi|1992|p=83}} A wannan rana, Asantehene (Sarkin Ashante) ya sadu da talakawansa da sarakunansa a cikin farfajiyar fadar Manhyia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gbcghana.com/1.8501917|title=Asanteman marks Akwasidae festival|last=Adjorlolo|first=Ruth Abla|website=www.gbcghana.com|language=en|access-date=2020-02-26|archive-date=2020-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226151746/https://www.gbcghana.com/1.8501917|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghananation.com/tourism/Manhyia-Palace.asp|title=Manhyia Palace|accessdate=24 November 2012|publisher=Ghana Nation.com|archive-date=16 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016105323/http://www.ghananation.com/tourism/Manhyia-Palace.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> An baje kolin gadon sarauta a harabar fadar a gaban sarki, kuma jama'a na ziyartar da yawa, suna wake-wake da raye-raye.{{Sfn|Pierre|2004|p=55}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theculturetrip.com/africa/ghana/articles/celebrating-akiwasidae-with-the-ashanti-people-of-kumasi-ghana/|title=Celebrating Akiwasidae with the Ashanti People of Kumasi, Ghana|last=Aidoo|first=Kwame|website=Culture Trip|access-date=2020-02-26}}</ref> Sarki yana gudanar da albarkarsa a lokacin bikin, kuma mutane suna da 'yancin yin musabaha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/otumfuo-hosts-prince-charles-to-special-akwasidae.html|title=Otumfuo hosts Prince Charles to special Akwasidae|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2020-02-26}}</ref> Kafin ya rike durbar, sarki ya tafi cikin jerin gwano a cikin palanquin da aka yi masa ado da kayan adon zinare. Ya kuma shaida wani fareti kala-kala, daga harabar fadarsa dake Kumasi. Mahalarta faretin sun hada da masu buga ganga, ’yan rawa, masu kaho da mawaka.<ref name="Ghana">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghana.photographers-resource.com/Festivals/Festivals.htm|title=Ghana Festivals|accessdate=24 November 2012|publisher=Ghana Photographers Resource.com}}</ref> Da yake shi ne bikin girmama kakanni, sarki ya ziyarci Mausoleum na Bantama kuma ya yi ibada ba kawai ga kujerun kakanninsa ba, har ma da kwarangwal na kakanninsa.<ref name="Ghana" /> Ana jayayya cewa, sarki ba ya bauta wa tarkace da kakanni, duk da haka don girmama su. == Manazarta == <references /> == Littafi Mai Tsarki == * {{cite book|last=Ayisi|first=Eric O.|title=An Introduction to the Study of AfricanCulture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BdyS2TM2oEYC&pg=PA83|accessdate=24 November 2012|year=1992|publisher=East African Publishers|isbn=9789966466174|page=83}} * {{cite book|last=Braffi|first=Emmanuel Kingsley|title=Akwasidae and Odwira festivals|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kgTgAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=25 November 2012|year=2002|publisher=Mystic House|page=10}} * {{cite book|last=Fuller|first=Linda K|title=National Days/National Ways: Historical, Political, And Religious Celebrations Around THe World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=llmCOvtWcUcC&pg=PA103|accessdate=24 November 2012|year=2004|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275972707|page=103}} * {{cite book|last=Pierre|first=Yvette La|title=Ghana in Pictures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rPZlDEHyvvYC&pg=PA55|accessdate=24 November 2012|year=2004|publisher=Twenty-First Century Books|isbn=9780822519973|page=55}} * {{cite book|last=Opokuwaa|first=Nana Akua Kyerewaa|title=The Quest for Spiritual Transformation: Introduction to Traditional Akan Religion, Rituals And Practices|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ax0FxTUykP4C&pg=PR92|accessdate=25 November 2012|date=30 May 2005|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=978-0-595-35071-1|pages=92–}} tjyd9gtqqdx2r0nebhr7cm55cafmsny 0 32433 549862 430800 2024-12-01T22:11:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549862 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bikin Ista na Kwahu''' shi ne bikin Easter na shekara-shekara a gundumar Kwahu ta Kudu da ke yankin Gabashin Ghana. Jama'a daga sassa daban-daban na kasa da kasa na yin tururuwa zuwa tsaunin Kwahu a duk ranar Easter don gudanar da bikin na tsawon kwanaki uku. == Ayyuka == Ayyukan sun haɗa da motsa jiki, tafiye-tafiye, raye-raye da cunkoson ababen hawa. Ga ’yan asalin ƙasar, wato ’yan Kwahu, ana zuwa gida kowace shekara, amma ga masu shagulgulan biki, bikin ne.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.com.gh/news/2015-kwahu-festival-kwahu-paragliding-festival-in-focus-id3626068.html|title=Kwahu Paragliding Festival In Focus|date=3 April 2015|publisher=Pulse magazine|access-date=7 April 2015|archive-date=4 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704001254/http://pulse.com.gh/news/2015-kwahu-festival-kwahu-paragliding-festival-in-focus-id3626068.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Akwai kuma wasan kwaikwayo na masu fasaha daban-daban.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghana-news.adomonline.com/entertainment/2015/April-5th/adom-fm-takes-over-kwahu-easter.php|title=Adom FM takes over Kwahu Easter|publisher=Adom Fm|access-date=7 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222114812/http://www.ghana-news.adomonline.com/entertainment/2015/April-5th/adom-fm-takes-over-kwahu-easter.php|archive-date=22 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Paragliding == A shekara ta 2005 ma'aikatar yawon bude ido ta fara aikin motsa jiki a zaman wani bangare na abubuwan da suka faru na bikin Ista.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gyasi|first=Kate|title=Study of "Kwahu Easter" Festival as a Tourism Hallmark Event|journal=MPhil Theses|pages=151}}</ref> Ista na Kwahu wuri ne mai ban sha'awa inda masu yawon bude ido ke ziyarta, yawanci don abubuwan da ke tattare da shi ko nuna kimar al'adu, mahimmancin tarihi, kyawawan dabi'u ko ginannun kyan gani, ko damar nishadi. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Bukukuwa a Kasar Ghana]] jv84r2su0rdr607nnanhkqbgx5z1mgk 0 32569 549539 430605 2024-12-01T16:59:39Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549539 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:1657532024755 OP028 KELLETT BOWMAN 003 MOBILE.jpg|thumb|Elaine Kellett-Bowman]] '''Dame Mary Elaine Kellett-Bowman''', DBE ( née '''Kay''' ; 8 ga watan Yulin shekarar 1923 - 4 Maris 2014) [[Ɗan siyasa|yar siyasa]] ce mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ta Biritaniya, wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na majalisar dokoki ( MP ) na mazabar Lancaster har tsawon shekaru 27 daga 1970 zuwa 1997. == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Mary Elaine Kay ga iyalin Walter da Edith (née Fata) Kay, ta yi karatu a Makarantar Dutsen, York, St Anne's College, Oxford, da Barnett House, Oxford, kuma ta zama barrister, wanda ake kira zuwa mashaya ta Tsakiyar Temple a 1964. . Ta yi aiki a matsayin kansila a Majalisar gundumar Denbigh, 1952–55, da Gundumar London na Camden, 1968–74. Ta kuma kasance gwamna a Makarantar Culford a Suffolk daga 1963 zuwa 2003. A matsayinta na Mary Kellett, ta fito takarar Nelson da Colne a 1955, South West Norfolk sau biyu a 1959 (ciki har da zaben fidda gwani), da Buckingham a 1964 da 1966 . Ta kasance MP ga Lancaster daga 1970 har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a 1997. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin 'yar majalisar Turai a cikin tawagar Burtaniya daga 1975, sannan aka zabe ta a Cumbria a 1979. Ta kasance MEP har zuwa 1984, lokacin da ta yi murabus domin ta mai da hankali kan kujerarta a majalisar dokokin Burtaniya. === Harin kone-kone a ''Babban Birnin Gay'' === A shekarar 1987, an kai hari ofisoshin jaridar ''Capital Gay'' {{'}} London a wani harin kone -kone. Tony Banks MP ya ce a cikin House of Commons, "A kan wani batu na oda, Mista Kakakin. Na ji mai girma Memba na Lancaster [Kellett-Bowman] yana cewa ya yi daidai da a ce an kashe Capital Gay—”, a lokacin ne aka katse shi da wani batu. <ref name="HoC87">[http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1987/dec/15/prohibition-on-promoting-homosexuality#S6CV0124P0_19871215_HOC_426 House of Commons debate December 15 1987] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303203953/http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1987/dec/15/prohibition-on-promoting-homosexuality#S6CV0124P0_19871215_HOC_426|date=2016-03-03}}, ''[[Hansard]]'', vol 124 cc987-1038 Access date: 6 December 2014</ref> Kellett-Bowman ya amsa, "Na shirya tsaf don tabbatar da cewa daidai ne a sami rashin haƙuri ga mugunta." <ref name="HoC87" /> <ref>Andrew Pierce [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/columnists/andrewpierce/5724476/Cheers-ring-out-as-David-Cameron-lays-Tory-history-of-homophobia-to-rest.html "Cheers ring out as David Cameron lays Tory history of homophobia to rest"], ''Daily Telegraph'', 2 July 2009</ref> == Rayuwa == Ta haifi 'ya'ya hudu tare da mijinta na farko, Charles Norman Kellett, amma mijin ya rasu a watan Disamba 1959; Mijinta ya rasu ne a wani hatsarin mota da ya yi mata rauni a kai da kuma rasa matsuguni. Ta auri Edward Bowman a watan Yuni 1971; Ma'auratan sun yi aiki tare da juna a Majalisar gundumar Camden da San nan a matsayin 'yan majalisar Turai ; Dukansu sun ɗauki sunan mahaifi na 'Kellett-Bowman'.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2016}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Tushen Labari == * ''Times Guide to House of Commons'', Times Newspapers Ltd, 1955, 1966, 1992 da 1997 bugu. * ''Wanene Wane'', 2007 edition * Labarin Wikipedia Babban Gay == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Elaine Kellett-Bowman {{S-start}} {{S-par|eu}} {{S-new|constituency}} {{S-ttl}} {{S-non}} {{S-par|uk}} {{S-bef}} {{S-ttl}} {{S-non}} {{S-end}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1923]] avazmfgrw7qlbgc8uqr9zx35uc90c2e 0 32629 549636 502812 2024-12-01T18:52:43Z A Salisu 14655 549636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Antoine Semenyo 2023.jpg|thumb|hoton Antoine samenyo]] '''Antoine Serlom Semenyo''' (An haife shi ranar 7 ga watan Janairu, 2000). ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Bristol City . An haife shi a Ingila, yana buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta Ghana wasa . == Aikin kulob == === Birnin Bristol === Semenyo ya buga wasan sa na farko na Bristol City a ranar ƙarshe ta kakar 2017–18 yana zuwa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Lloyd Kelly a wasan da ci 3–2 a Sheffield United a Ashton Gate . An ba Semenyo riga mai lamba 18 don Bristol City kuma an sanya shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin wasan Championship a waje da Blackburn Rovers a ranar 9 ga watan fabrairu na shekarar 2019. A ranar 27 ga watan Afrilu 2019, Semenyo ya sami jan kati na farko na aikinsa a kan Derby County don ƙalubale akan Tom Huddlestone . A watan Yunin 2019, ya rattaba hannu kan sabuwar kwangilar shekaru hudu da Ƙungiyar. A ranar 5 ga Satumba 2020 ya ci kwallonsa ta farko ga Bristol City a wasan cin kofin EFL da Exeter City . Semenyo ya buga wasa akai-akai don Bristol City a cikin kakar 2020-21 yana wasa wasanni hamsin kuma ya zira kwallaye biyar tare da taimakawa kwallaye bakwai. Semenyo ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasan watan Junairun 2022 bayan ya zura kwallaye 3 tare da taimakawa 3. ==== Newport County (lamu) ==== A kan 18 Yuli 2018, Semenyo ya shiga Newport County a kan aro har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2018–19. Ya buga wasansa na farko na Newport a cikin rashin nasara da ci 3-0 da Mansfield Town a ranar 4 ga Agusta 2018 a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin rabin na biyu. A kan 14 Agusta 2018, ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga Newport a cikin nasara 4–1 akan Cambridge United a gasar cin kofin EFL . Birnin Bristol ya tuna da shi a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2019. ==== Sunderland (loan) ==== A ranar ƙarshe na Janairu 2020, Semenyo ya koma Sunderland League One kan yarjejeniyar lamuni na wata shida har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2019-2020. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Ingila, Semenyo 'yar Ghana ce. Ya yi karo da tawagar Ghana a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Nahiyar Afrika da ci 3-0 2023 a kan Madagascar a ranar 1 ga Yuni 2022. <ref>https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/06/01/africa/africa-cup-of-nations-qualification/ghana/madagascar/3783008/</ref> == Kididdigar sana'a == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Bristol City F.C. squad}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] j4lzwwcr9b59268drhl4ytgzzku0x06 549638 549636 2024-12-01T18:52:56Z A Salisu 14655 549638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Antoine Semenyo 2023.jpg|thumb|hoton Antoine samenyo]] '''Antoine Serlom Semenyo''' (An haife shi ranar 7 ga watan Janairu, 2000). ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Bristol City . An haife shi a Ingila, yana buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta Ghana wasa . == Aikin kulob == === Birnin Bristol === Semenyo ya buga wasan sa na farko na Bristol City a ranar ƙarshe ta kakar 2017–18 yana zuwa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Lloyd Kelly a wasan da ci 3–2 a Sheffield United a Ashton Gate . An ba Semenyo riga mai lamba 18 don Bristol City kuma an sanya shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin wasan Championship a waje da Blackburn Rovers a ranar 9 ga watan fabrairu na shekarar 2019. A ranar 27 ga watan Afrilu 2019, Semenyo ya sami jan kati na farko na aikinsa a kan Derby County don ƙalubale akan Tom Huddlestone . A watan Yunin 2019, ya rattaba hannu kan sabuwar kwangilar shekaru hudu da Ƙungiyar. A ranar 5 ga Satumba 2020 ya ci kwallonsa ta farko ga Bristol City a wasan cin kofin EFL da Exeter City . Semenyo ya buga wasa akai-akai don Bristol City a cikin kakar 2020-21 yana wasa wasanni hamsin kuma ya zira kwallaye biyar tare da taimakawa kwallaye bakwai. Semenyo ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasan watan Junairun 2022 bayan ya zura kwallaye 3 tare da taimakawa 3. ==== Newport County (lamu) ==== A kan 18 Yulin shekarar 2018, Semenyo ya shiga Newport County a kan aro har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2018–19. Ya buga wasansa na farko na Newport a cikin rashin nasara da ci 3-0 da Mansfield Town a ranar 4 ga Agusta 2018 a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin rabin na biyu. A kan 14 Agusta 2018, ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga Newport a cikin nasara 4–1 akan Cambridge United a gasar cin kofin EFL . Birnin Bristol ya tuna da shi a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2019. ==== Sunderland (loan) ==== A ranar ƙarshe na Janairu 2020, Semenyo ya koma Sunderland League One kan yarjejeniyar lamuni na wata shida har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2019-2020. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Ingila, Semenyo 'yar Ghana ce. Ya yi karo da tawagar Ghana a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Nahiyar Afrika da ci 3-0 2023 a kan Madagascar a ranar 1 ga Yuni 2022. <ref>https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/06/01/africa/africa-cup-of-nations-qualification/ghana/madagascar/3783008/</ref> == Kididdigar sana'a == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Bristol City F.C. squad}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 9fnvfvo70fhvucviqgnpmmyzczsn5gk 549639 549638 2024-12-01T18:53:06Z A Salisu 14655 549639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Antoine Semenyo 2023.jpg|thumb|hoton Antoine samenyo]] '''Antoine Serlom Semenyo''' (An haife shi ranar 7 ga watan Janairu, 2000). ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Bristol City . An haife shi a Ingila, yana buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta Ghana wasa . == Aikin kulob == === Birnin Bristol === Semenyo ya buga wasan sa na farko na Bristol City a ranar ƙarshe ta kakar 2017–18 yana zuwa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Lloyd Kelly a wasan da ci 3–2 a Sheffield United a Ashton Gate . An ba Semenyo riga mai lamba 18 don Bristol City kuma an sanya shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin wasan Championship a waje da Blackburn Rovers a ranar 9 ga watan fabrairu na shekarar 2019. A ranar 27 ga watan Afrilu 2019, Semenyo ya sami jan kati na farko na aikinsa a kan Derby County don ƙalubale akan Tom Huddlestone . A watan Yunin 2019, ya rattaba hannu kan sabuwar kwangilar shekaru hudu da Ƙungiyar. A ranar 5 ga Satumba 2020 ya ci kwallonsa ta farko ga Bristol City a wasan cin kofin EFL da Exeter City . Semenyo ya buga wasa akai-akai don Bristol City a cikin kakar 2020-21 yana wasa wasanni hamsin kuma ya zira kwallaye biyar tare da taimakawa kwallaye bakwai. Semenyo ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasan watan Junairun 2022 bayan ya zura kwallaye 3 tare da taimakawa 3. ==== Newport County (lamu) ==== A kan 18 Yulin shekarar 2018, Semenyo ya shiga Newport County a kan aro har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2018–19. Ya buga wasansa na farko na Newport a cikin rashin nasara da ci 3-0 da Mansfield Town a ranar 4 ga Agusta 2018 a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin rabin na biyu. A kan 14 Agustan shekara ta 2018, ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga Newport a cikin nasara 4–1 akan Cambridge United a gasar cin kofin EFL . Birnin Bristol ya tuna da shi a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2019. ==== Sunderland (loan) ==== A ranar ƙarshe na Janairu 2020, Semenyo ya koma Sunderland League One kan yarjejeniyar lamuni na wata shida har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2019-2020. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Ingila, Semenyo 'yar Ghana ce. Ya yi karo da tawagar Ghana a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Nahiyar Afrika da ci 3-0 2023 a kan Madagascar a ranar 1 ga Yuni 2022. <ref>https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/06/01/africa/africa-cup-of-nations-qualification/ghana/madagascar/3783008/</ref> == Kididdigar sana'a == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Bristol City F.C. squad}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 5rs4r8ox8rjztze9745a8r38b0ank35 549640 549639 2024-12-01T18:53:21Z A Salisu 14655 549640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Antoine Semenyo 2023.jpg|thumb|hoton Antoine samenyo]] '''Antoine Serlom Semenyo''' (An haife shi ranar 7 ga watan Janairu, 2000). ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa ne]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Bristol City . An haife shi a Ingila, yana buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta Ghana wasa . == Aikin kulob == === Birnin Bristol === Semenyo ya buga wasan sa na farko na Bristol City a ranar ƙarshe ta kakar 2017–18 yana zuwa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Lloyd Kelly a wasan da ci 3–2 a Sheffield United a Ashton Gate . An ba Semenyo riga mai lamba 18 don Bristol City kuma an sanya shi a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin wasan Championship a waje da Blackburn Rovers a ranar 9 ga watan fabrairu na shekarar 2019. A ranar 27 ga watan Afrilu 2019, Semenyo ya sami jan kati na farko na aikinsa a kan Derby County don ƙalubale akan Tom Huddlestone . A watan Yunin 2019, ya rattaba hannu kan sabuwar kwangilar shekaru hudu da Ƙungiyar. A ranar 5 ga Satumba 2020 ya ci kwallonsa ta farko ga Bristol City a wasan cin kofin EFL da Exeter City . Semenyo ya buga wasa akai-akai don Bristol City a cikin kakar 2020-21 yana wasa wasanni hamsin kuma ya zira kwallaye biyar tare da taimakawa kwallaye bakwai. Semenyo ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasan watan Junairun 2022 bayan ya zura kwallaye 3 tare da taimakawa 3. ==== Newport County (lamu) ==== A kan 18 Yulin shekarar 2018, Semenyo ya shiga Newport County a kan aro har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2018–19. Ya buga wasansa na farko na Newport a cikin rashin nasara da ci 3-0 da Mansfield Town a ranar 4 ga Agusta 2018 a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin rabin na biyu. A kan 14 Agustan shekara ta 2018, ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga Newport a cikin nasara 4–1 akan Cambridge United a gasar cin kofin EFL . Birnin Bristol ya tuna da shi a ranar 28 ga Janairu 2019. ==== Sunderland (loan) ==== A ranar ƙarshe na Janairu 2020, Semenyo ya koma Sunderland League One kan yarjejeniyar lamuni na wata shida har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 2019-2020. == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haife shi a Ingila, Semenyo 'yar Ghana ce. Ya yi karo da tawagar Ghana a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Nahiyar Afrika da ci 3-0 2023 a kan Madagascar a ranar 1 ga Yuni 2022. <ref>https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2022/06/01/africa/africa-cup-of-nations-qualification/ghana/madagascar/3783008/</ref> == Ƙididdigar sana'a == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == {{Bristol City F.C. squad}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 86vwdpopgoc71x74es1wgfsex8t6zte 0 33004 549432 545517 2024-12-01T13:09:52Z Ummun Sultan 23935 549432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ƙungiyar wasan kurket ta mata ta Eswatini,''' tana wakiltar ƙasar [[ESwatini|Eswatini]] (wanda aka fi sani da Swaziland) a wasannin [[kurket]] na mata. A cikin watanAfrilun shekarar 2018, Majalisar Cricket ta Duniya (ICC) ta ba da cikakken matsayin mata Twenty20 International (WT20I) ga duk membobinta. Saboda haka, duk wasanni Ashirin20 da aka buga tsakanin matan Eswatini da wani ɓangaren na duniya bayan 1 ga Yulin shekarar 2018 sun kasance cikakkun WT20I. == Rubuce-rubuce da Ƙididdiga == '''Takaitacciyar Matches na Ƙasashen Duniya&nbsp;- Matan Eswatini''' ''An sabunta ta ƙarshe 16 Satumba 2021'' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 500px;" | colspan="7" align="center" |'''Yin Rikodi''' |- ! Tsarin ! M ! W ! L ! T ! NR ! Wasan farko |- | align="left" | Twenty20 Internationals | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 9 ga Satumba, 2021 |} === Twenty20 International === '''T20I rikodin tare da sauran ƙasashe''' ''An kammala rikodin zuwa WT20I #971.'' ''An sabunta ta ƙarshe 16 Satumba 2021.'' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 600px;" !Abokin hamayya ! M ! W ! L ! T ! NR ! Wasan farko ! Nasara ta farko |- | colspan="8" style="text-align: center;" | '''Cikakkun membobin ICC''' |- | align="left" |</img> Zimbabwe | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11 ga Satumba, 2021 | |- | colspan="8" style="text-align: center;" | '''Membobin ICC Associate''' |- | align="left" |</img> Botswana | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 ga Satumba, 2021 | |- | align="left" |</img> Mozambique | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 Satumba 2021 | |- | align="left" |</img> Rwanda | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 ga Satumba, 2021 | |- | align="left" |</img> Tanzaniya | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 14 ga Satumba, 2021 | |} == Duba kuma == * Kungiyar wasan cricket ta kasar Eswatini * Jerin mata na Eswatini 'yan wasan kurket na duniya Ashirin20 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] nojlvn5tq7h8a2ok2cjpvea82mzdu2x 0 33038 549847 449259 2024-12-01T21:36:45Z Ifteehern 31255 Nayi Gyara 549847 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alfa Semedo Esteves''' (an haife shi ranar 30 ga watan Agusta 1997) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[Bissau-Guinea]] wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙafa]] ta [[Portugal]] Vitória de Guimarães da kuma ƙungiyar ƙasa ta [[Guinea-Bissau]]. <ref>[https://www.readingfc.co.uk/news/2020/october/alfa-semedo-signs-for-royals/ Alfa Semedo signs for Royals]</ref> <ref>[https://www.slbenfica.pt/en-us/agora/noticias/2020/10/04/futebol-benfica-emprestimo-alfa-semedo-reading Alfa Semedo loaned out]</ref> == Aikin kulob ko Ƙungiya == An haife shi a [[Bisau|Bissau]], Semedo ya fara buga kwallon kafa a kulob din Fidjus di Bideras. A cikin shekarar 2014, yana da shekaru 16, ya koma Portugal kuma ya shiga tsarin matasa na Benfica. Bayan ya buga shekaru biyu don ƙungiyar juniors, an ba da shi aro zuwa Vilafranquense a Campeonato de Portugal na kakar wasa ɗaya. A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli 2017, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru hudu tare da Moreirense a Primeira Liga, wanda zai fara buga wasansa na farko a wasan Taça da Liga da Desportivo das Aves a ranar 30 ga watan Yuli a waccan shekarar. Bayan komawar sa zuwa Benfica a cikin watan Yuli 2018 akan € 2.5 miliyan, <ref>[https://desporto.sapo.pt/futebol/primeira-liga/artigos/benfica-explica-quanto-pagou-pelos-reforcos-ferreyra-veio-a-custo-zero-mas-custou-4-me Benfica explica quanto pagou pelos reforços: Ferreyra veio a custo zero mas custou 4 ME] SAPO Desporto</ref> Semedo ya yi muhawara a ƙungiyar farko a cikin 3–2 nasara a gida akan Vitória de Guimarães a Primeira Liga a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta. Daga baya, a ranar 2 ga watan Oktoba, ya fara buga gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai na UEFA, inda ya ci kwallonsa ta farko da nasara a kungiyar Benfica a wasan da suka yi waje da AEK Athens da ci 3-2 a matakin rukuni na gasar zakarun Turai, wanda hakan ya kawo karshen rashin nasara na wasanni takwas na baya a jere. matakin rukuni na gasar. A ranar 31 ga watan Janairu, 2019, an ba da Semedo aro ga RCD Espanyol ta La Liga har zuwa Yuni. A ranar 8 ga watan Yuli, ya koma kulob din Nottingham Forest na Ingila a matsayin aro na tsawon kakar wasa, tare da abokin wasan Benfica Yuri Ribeiro (na karshen kan canja wuri na dindindin). Ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar a wasan da suka doke Swansea City da ci 1-0 a ranar 14 ga Satumba 2019. Semedo ya shiga Reading a kan aro na tsawon lokaci a kakar 2020-21. Ya buga wasansa na farko a cikin nasara da ci 1-0 akan Wycombe Wanderers a ranar 20 ga watan Oktoba 2020. Ya ci kwallonsa ta farko ga Reading a wasan da suka doke Luton Town da ci 2–1 a ranar 26 ga Disamba 2020. == Ayyukan kasa == Ya buga wasansa na farko a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Guinea-Bissau a ranar 26 ga Maris 2021 a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar AFCON 2021 da Eswatini kuma ya ci wa kungiyar kwallo ta biyu da ci 3-1. == Kididdigar sana'a/Aiki == === Kulob === {{Updated|match played 5 April 2021}}<ref>{{soccerway|alfa-semedo-esteves/397784}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Bayyanar da burin ta kulob, kakar da gasar ! rowspan="2" | Kulob ! rowspan="2" | Kaka ! colspan="3" | Kungiyar ! colspan="2" | Kofin ! colspan="2" | Kofin League ! colspan="2" | Sauran ! colspan="2" | Jimlar |- ! Rarraba ! Aikace-aikace ! Buri ! Aikace-aikace ! Buri ! Aikace-aikace ! Buri ! Aikace-aikace ! Buri ! Aikace-aikace ! Buri |- | Benfica | 2016-17 | Primeira Liga | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- | Vilafranquense (loan) | 2016-17 | Campeonato de Portugal | 29 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | colspan="2" | - | 34 | 4 |- | Moreirense | 2017-18 | Primeira Liga | 28 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1 | colspan="2" | - | 34 | 3 |- | rowspan="3" | Benfica | 2018-19 | Primeira Liga | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 1 |- | 2019-20 | Primeira Liga | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimlar ! 5 ! 0 ! 3 ! 0 ! 3 ! 0 ! 5 ! 1 ! 16 ! 1 |- | Espanyol (layi) | 2018-19 | La Liga | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |- | Nottingham Forest (layi) | 2019-20 | Gasar EFL | 24 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 2 |- | Karatu ( aro) | 2020-21 | Gasar EFL | 35 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 36 | 2 |- ! colspan="3" | Jimlar sana'a ! 124 ! 10 ! 11 ! 0 ! 7 ! 1 ! 5 ! 1 ! 149 ! 12 |} === Ƙasashen Duniya === {{Updated|match played 9 June 2022}}<ref name="NFT">{{NFT player|id=82030|access-date=26 March 2021}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" !Tawagar kasa ! Shekara ! Aikace-aikace ! Buri |- | rowspan="2" | Guinea-Bissau | 2021 | 8 | 1 |- | 2022 | 4 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Jimlar ! 12 ! 2 |} ==== Kwallayensa na kasa ==== : ''Maki da sakamako ne suka fara zura kwallaye a ragar Guinea-Bissau.'' ''Rukunin maki yana nuna maki bayan kowane burin Semedo.'' <ref name="NFT"></ref> {| class="wikitable" align="center" style="text-align: left;" !A'a. ! Kwanan wata ! Wuri ! Abokin hamayya ! Ci ! Sakamako ! Gasa |- | 1. | 26 Maris 2021 | Mavuso Sports Center, Manzini, Eswatini |</img> Eswatini | align="center" | '''2-1''' | align="center" | 3–1 | 2021 neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika |- | 2. | 9 ga Yuni 2022 | Stade Adrar, Agadir, Morocco |</img> Sao Tomé da Principe | align="center" | '''1-1''' | align="center" | 5-1 | 2023 neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika |} == Girmamawa == '''Benfica''' * Premier League : 2018-19 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Alfa Semedo at BDFutbol * Alfa Semedo at ForaDeJogo * {{Soccerway}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1997]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] frjzr338rh0nmck1spvt2bb8b85gu5p 0 33365 549540 517462 2024-12-01T17:01:08Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Rizi Timane.jpg|thumb|Rizi Timane]] [[Fayil:Rizi Timane.jpg|thumb|Rizi Timane]] '''Rizi Timane,''' ɗan asalin [[Najeriya]] ne [[Kumasi|kuma]] a yanzu ɗan [[American driver|America]], ya kasance mai nishadantarwa, [[Kumasi|kuma]] ƙwararren mai wayar da hankali kan bambancin jinsi wanda ke ba da kare haƙƙin masu canza jinsi wato "transgender". Shi ƙwararren likitan ilimin halayyar ɗan adam ne kuma mai lasisi tare da ƙwararrewa a fannin LGBTQIA.<ref name=":0">"Rizi Timane". ''IMDb''. Retrieved 2022-06-18. </ref><ref>"Dr. Rizi Nasele Bamaiyi Timane LCSW, DSW | Coach, Trainer, Entertainer | About &laquo". Retrieved 2022-06-18.</ref><ref>"Consulting, Rizi Timane Psychotherapy and (2022-04-13). "Rizi Timane Psychotherapy & Consulting: Empowering the LGBTQ+ Community via Psychotherapy". ''GlobeNewswire News Room''. Retrieved 2022-06-18.</ref> Timane yana aiki a matsayin Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin "Decker" akan Adult Swim Network, a matsayin baƙon tauraro a cikin shirin na lafiya na NBC; "New Amsterdam," da kuma labarinsa na canza jinsi (daga mace zuwa namiji) an nuna shi a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen Amazon Prime Documentary, "Outrageous".<ref name=":0" /> Timane ya kafa cibiyar Happy Transgender Centeri a cikin shekarar 2012, kuma ya kafa gidauniyar Rizi Timane Annual Transgender Surgery Scholarship.<ref>"Rizi Timane | HuffPost". ''www.huffpost.com''. Retrieved 2022-06-18.</ref> == Kuruciya da Ilimi == An haifi Timane a [[Najeriya]] ga dangin Kiristoci, kuma ya yi karatunsa na sakandare a makarantar kyauta na horar da sojoji da ke [[Jos]], [[Plateau (jiha)|Jihar Filato]].<ref name=":0" /> Timane yana sha'awar transgender tun yana ƙarami (8yrs).<ref>Timane, Dr Rizi Xavier. "Spiritual Leader Dr. Rizi Timane Makes Plea for Human Rights Following Nigeria's Same Sex Marriage Prohibition Act". ''www.prnewswire.com''. Retrieved 2022-06-18.</ref> An kaishi shi zuwa Los Angeles don karatunsa bayan ya fuskanci jerin matsaloli a cikin muhallinsa da ake kyamar luwadi.<ref name=":1">Fitzpatrick, Kyle (2018-06-26). "Rizi Timane Is Helping the Transgender Community, 1 Surgery at a Time". ''POPSUGAR News''. Retrieved 2022-06-18.</ref> Ya yi karatun harkokin kasuwanci a London da Los Angeles kuma daga bisani ya zama Msc a aikin zamantakewa daga Jami'ar Kudancin California. Ya ci gaba da karatun addini, adalci na zamantakewa, da gwagwarmaya a makarantar Claremont School of Theology. == Sana'a == Timane ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne, mawaƙi,<ref>"Xavier Rizi Timane on Apple Music". ''Apple Music''. Retrieved 2022-06-18.</ref> ƙwararren likitan ilimin haliyyar ɗan adam kuma ƙwararren likita ne na LGBTQIA.<ref>"Nigerian singer helps others with transgender surgery fund". ''NBC News''. Retrieved 2022-06-18.</ref> Timane yanzu shine babban manajan Shirin Kiwon Lafiya na Transgender a St. John's Well Child da kuma Family Center a Los Angeles.<ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == <references /> [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] eolp6f9mq6t604by3eg0muqulr76spv 0 33563 549513 534351 2024-12-01T16:12:38Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Annette Echikunwoke.jpg|thumb|Annette Echikunwoke]] [[Fayil:Day 3 at the United States Olympic Trials (track and field) 59.jpg|thumb|Annette Echikunwoke ]] [[Fayil:Annette Echikunwoke.jpg|thumb|Annette Echikunwoke]] [[Fayil:Annette Echikunwoke.jpg|thumb|Annette Echikunwoke]] '''Annette Echikunwoke''' (an haife ta ranar 29 ga watan Yulin 1996) yar wasan jefar guduma ce Ba- [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurkiyace kuma 'yar]] [[Najeriya|Nijeriyace]] wacce ke zaune a [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]], Amurka.<ref name=":0">Harrington, Joe. "Hammer thrower, former University of Cincinnati athlete and Olympian, [[Annette Echikunwoke|Annette]] [[Annette Echikunwoke|Echikunwoke]] out of [[Tokyo]] games". The Enquirer. Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> Ya kamata ta wakilci [[Najeriya]] a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2020, amma an hana ta saboda sakacin hukumar wasannin motsa jiki ta [[Najeriya]]. Tana rike da tarihin yankin Afirka a cikin jefa guduma, tare da jefa 75.49{{Spaces}}m in Tucson a cikin 2021. == Rayuwar farko == Annette Echikunwoke ta fara wasan jefa kwallo (throwing events) a makaranta bayan da ta samu nasarar jefa kwallo a ragar ta a wani taron ranar wasanni, inda ta yanke shawarar cewa idan tana da kyau za ta iya ci gaba.<ref name=":1">Athletics ECHIKUNWOKE Annette - Tokyo 2020 Olympics". Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Archived from the original on 6 August 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> 'Yar uwanta ita ce 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Megalyn Echikunwoke.<ref>"[[Megalyn: So my cousin is an unstoppable superstar Olympian! Please follow and support her whileshe prepares to win the gold for Nigeria!!"|megalyn: So my cousin is an unstoppable super]] [[Megalyn: So my cousin is an unstoppable superstar Olympian! Please follow and support her whileshe prepares to win the gold for Nigeria!!"|star Olympian! Please follow and support her while]] [[Megalyn: So my cousin is an unstoppable superstar Olympian! Please follow and support her whileshe prepares to win the gold for Nigeria!!"|she prepares to win the gold for Nigeria!!"]]. Instagram. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2021.</ref> == Sana'a/aiki == Echikunwoke ta fito daga Pickerington North a [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]], kuma ta halarci Jami'ar Cincinnati don karatun digirinta na farko da na biyu, inda ta kasance a cikin tawagar tsere da filin wasa. Tare da Cincinnati ta lashe gasar jefa nauyi a gasar NCAA ta 2017, kuma ta zama zakaran NCAA na farko na jami'a a cikin tsere da filin wasa.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0"/> Ta cancanci yin takara a Amurka har zuwa 31 ga Disamba 2020, lokacin da ta zabi wakiltar kasar mahaifanta ta Najeriya a zaben kasa na Olympics.<ref name=":1" /> <ref name="TokyoProfile"/> A shekarar 2021, Echikunwoke ta yi nasara a tarihin Najeriya da na Afirka guda hudu a jere, inda ta kafa maki 75.49.{{Spaces}}m USATF ta throw festival a Tucson, Arizona, ranar 22 ga Mayu 2021.<ref name=":2">"Officials lied about my whereabouts, says disqualified Echikunwoke". Punch Newspapers. 30 July 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref><ref>Jess Whittington (23 May 2021). "Crouser joins 23-metre club in Tucson". World Athletics. Retrieved 14 June 2021.</ref> Ita ce a matsayi na 7 a duniya a wasan guduma na mata; A baya an sami matsayi 101 a duniya a cikin wasan harbin mata tare da mafi kyawun sirri na 16.79{{Spaces}}m a shekarar 2017. Ta kuma jefa discus da nauyin 20lb (na cikin gida na Amurka daidai da guduma). [[Fayil:Day 3 at the United States Olympic Trials (track and field) 51.jpg|thumb|Annette Echikunwoke]] Echikunwoke ya kamata ta wakilci Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta bazara na 2020 a Tokyo, amma an gaya mata a ranar 29 ga watan Yulin 2021 cewa ba za ta iya shiga gasar ba saboda sakacin da Tarayyar Najeriya ta yi na rashin kafa gwajin magunguna da kuma rashin bayyana bukatarta ta raba inda take. ’Yan wasan Najeriya goma da za su fafata a shekarar 2021, kaso mai yawa na tawagar Hukumar [[Nigeria Olympic Committee|Olympics]] ta Najeriya (NOC), an hana su shiga gasar ne saboda sakaci da hukumar wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta Najeriya ta yi. AFN ta ce da yawa daga cikin 'yan wasanta da ke Amurka ba su sanar da AFN a inda suke ba, duk da cewa ba su bayyana sunan Echikunwoke ba; Ta yi ikirarin cewa AFN ta bukaci wurin da za ta yi gwajin maganin har sau shida, kuma ta ba da wurin amma babu wani jami’in da ya taba<ref name=":2" /> zuwa yin gwajin. == National titles/Lakabi na ƙasa == * NCAA Division I Gasar Waƙa da Gasar Cikin Gida ta Mata ** [[Fayil:2024 Summer Olympics - Women's hammer throw Finale - Paris Stade de France - 2024-08-06 - 23.jpg|thumb|Annette Echikunwoke]]Jifar nauyi: 2017 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://gobearcats.com/sports/track-and-field/roster/annette-echikunwoke/8819 Cincinnati Bearcats bio] [[Category:Haifaffun 1996]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] dn4z3xuax19x9oiu2rv4drcvuvhtaht 0 35203 549969 451197 2024-12-02T04:09:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549969 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Englefeld''' ( yawan jama'a na 2016 : 285 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Saskatchewan na Kanada a cikin Karamar Hukumar St. Peter No. 369 da Sashen Ƙidaya Na 15 . Kauyen yana da nisan kilomita 32 gabas da birnin Humboldt akan Babbar Hanya 5 . == Tarihi == An ba wa al'ummar sunan Peter Engel, abbot na Saint John's Abbey, wanda ke Collegeville, Minnesota.<ref name='McLennan'>{{Citation | last = McLennan | first = David | title = Our Town: Saskatchewan Communities from Abbey to Zenon Park | publisher = Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina | year = 2008 | location = Regina, Saskatchewan | pages = 115–116 | url = http://www.cprc.uregina.ca | isbn = 978-0-88977-209-0 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100410171540/http://www.cprc.uregina.ca/ | archive-date = 2010-04-10 }}</ref> Ba a san dalilin da ya sa aka rubuta sunan Engel daban da sunan kauyen ba. Baƙi na Katolika na Jamus sun zauna a yankin da ke kewaye a cikin 1902-1903 waɗanda suka isa ta jirgin ƙasa a Rosthern. Daga can ya yi tafiyar mil 125 da doki zuwa yankin da ke kusa da Englefeld. Englefeld yana ɗaya daga cikin al'ummomi da yawa a cikin filin da aka sani da St. Peter's Colony. A shekara ta 1904, layin dogo na Arewacin Kanada ya bi ta cikin yankin, kamar yadda tashoshi tare da tarho ya isa a 1916. A cikin 1905, an gina coci na farko, sannan babban kantin sayar da katako da katako a 1906 da gidan waya a cikin Fabrairu 1907. An gina otal a cikin 1909 kuma an kafa gundumar makarantar Englefeld. Na'urar hawan hatsi ta farko a cikin al'umma ta haura a cikin 1910 tare da tashar jirgin ƙasa a cikin 1912. A cikin 1910 an gina manyan tituna na farko a cikin al'umma kuma a wannan shekarar an gina sito mai haƙori.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.englefeld.ca/images/History%20book%201905%20to%201955.pdf|title=Englefeld history book}}</ref> An gina zauren al'umma a cikin 1912 kuma hasken lantarki ya fara farawa a cikin al'umma a cikin 1915. An ƙirƙiri Englefeld azaman ƙauye ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1916.<ref name=Incorporation>{{cite web | url=http://municipal.gov.sk.ca/Municipal-History/Urban-Incorporated-Dates | title=Urban Municipality Incorporations | publisher=Saskatchewan Ministry of Government Relations | access-date=June 1, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015042810/http://municipal.gov.sk.ca/Municipal-History/Urban-Incorporated-Dates | archive-date=October 15, 2014}}</ref> == Alkaluma ==   A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta shekarar 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, Englefeld yana da yawan jama'a 259 da ke zaune a cikin 105 daga cikin 114 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. -9.1% daga yawanta na 2016 na 285 . Tare da yanki na ƙasa na {{Convert|0.66|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 392.4/km a cikin 2021. A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2016, ƙauyen Englefeld ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 285 da ke zaune a cikin 107 daga cikin 117 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. 13.3% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 247 . Tare da filin ƙasa na {{Convert|0.65|km2|sqmi}} , tana da yawan yawan jama'a 438.5/km a cikin 2016. == Tattalin Arziki == * [http://koendersmfg.com/index.html Koenders Mfg] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212733/http://koendersmfg.com/index.html |date=2016-03-03 }} * [http://www.schulte.ca/ Schulte Industries] == Arts da al'adu == '''Hog Fest''' - Englefeld Hog Fest Uba Florian Renneberg ne ya shirya shi a 1972. Taron tara kuɗi na shekara-shekara na 40 ya kawo mutane 1270 a cikin ƙarshen ƙarshen Yuli (Yuli 1 – 3, 2011) wanda ya haɗa da wasan wuta na ranar Kanada, bukukuwan kasuwar carnival / manoma, wanda ya ƙare a cikin biki tare da aladu 16 kyafaffen, da rufewa tare da karin kumallo na pancake. <ref name="Solomon" /> A matsayin wani ɓangare na 25th Hog Fest (wanda aka yi bikin a 1996) a 7&nbsp;tsayi (17&nbsp;ft dogon) alade fiberglass an gina shi a saman ginin Koenders Manufacturing da ke Englefeld tare da Babbar Hanya 5. '''Englefeld Gallery'''<gallery perrow="10"> File:Welcome sign in Englefeld Saskatchewan.jpg|Alamar maraba a wajen Englefeld File:Fibreglass pig in Englefeld Saskatchewan.jpg|Zaune a Englefeld File:Tree Little Pigs' House in Englefeld Saskatchewan.jpg|Gidan Ƙananan Aladu Uku a Englefeld File:Englefeld Saskatchewan Main Street.jpg|Garin Englefeld </gallery> == Duba kuma == * I Jerin al'ummomi a cikin Saskatchewan * Ƙauyen Saskatchewan == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/pub/mds/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=1953 Darakta na Municipal Saskatchewan - Ƙauyen Englefeld] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044347/http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/pub/mds/muniDetails.aspx?cat=3&mun=1953 |date=2016-03-04 }} * [http://www.rootsweb.com/~cansk/school/ Saskatchewan Gen Web - Aikin Makarantar Daki Daya] * [http://www.rootsweb.com/~cansk Yankin Yanar Gizo na Saskatchewan Gen] * [http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/index.html Aikin Digitization na Taswirorin Tarihi na Kan layi] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080207051525/http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/search/search_e.php Tambayar GeoNames] * [http://www.ourroots.ca/e/toc.aspx?id=4440 Filayen wadata : tarihin Englefeld 1903-1987] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809200719/http://www.ourroots.ca/e/toc.aspx?id=4440 |date=2016-08-09 }} [[Category: Kanada]] k9jweeiemvvrj30xvto2dppq5n36u5s 0 36403 549426 237119 2024-12-01T12:21:10Z 105.112.236.1 549426 wikitext text/x-wiki Gyaran Umar bn Abdul’aziz Umar Ibn Abdul’aziz shi kansa malami ne kuma ya kewaye kansa da manya manyan malamai kamar Muhammad bin Ka’ab da Maimum bin Mehran. Ya bayar da alawus ga malamai da karfafa ilimi. Ta hanyar misalinsa na sirri, ya ɗora taƙawa, dagewa, ɗabi'un kasuwanci da daidaiton ɗabi'a a cikin sauran jama'a. Sauye-sauyen da ya yi sun hada da tsantsar soke shaye-shaye, hana tsiraici ga jama'a, kawar da hadaddun bandaki ga maza da mata da bayar da zakka ta gaskiya. Ya gudanar da ayyukan jama'a da dama a Farisa, Khorasan da Arewacin Afirka, ciki har da gina magudanar ruwa, hanyoyi, gidajen hutawa na matafiya da wuraren aikin likita. Farkon abin da ya fara yi bayan hawansa mulki shi ne mayar wa masu hakkinsu kadarorin da Banu Umayya suka kwace. Da kyar ya samu kubuta daga binne Halifa Sulaiman kuma yana so ya dan yi shiru lokacin da dansa ya tambaye shi ko zai so ya huta kafin ya fuskanci shari<nowiki>'o'in da suka shafi kadarorin da aka kwace. Ya amsa da "Eh, zan yi maganin wadannan bayan na huta". "Kin tabbata cewa za ku rayu har zuwa lokacin?" ya tambayi dansa. Uban ya sumbaci dansa abin kauna ya kuma gode wa Allah da ya ba shi dansa nagari. Nan take ya tashi zaune domin tunkarar wannan lamari na gaggawa, da farko ya mayar da dukkan kadarorinsa na mabukata da na mabukata zuwa Baitul mali. Ya ajiye ko da zoben da Walid ya gabatar masa. Bawansa mai aminci, Mazahim ya yi matuƙar motsa rai da ganinsa da ba a saba gani ba, ya ce, “Malam, me ka bar wa yaranka”? Ya amsa da ''Allah''</nowiki>. Ya mayar da gonar Fidak ga zuriyar Annabi wadda Marwan ya kebewa a zamanin halifancin Usman. Ya umurci matarsa ​​Faṭimah da ta mayar masa da kayan adon da ya karbo daga mahaifinta khalifa Abdul-Malik. Matar mai aminci cikin fara'a ta bi umarninsa kuma ta ajiye duka a Baitul-Mal. Bayan mutuwar mijinta, ɗan’uwanta Yazid wanda ya gaje shi a matsayin halifa ya miƙa mata. "Na mayar da wadannan kayayyaki masu daraja a lokacin rayuwar mijina, me zai sa in dawo da su bayan mutuwarsa", in ji ta. Maido da Fidak ya jawo martani iri-iri daga mutane. Ba da jimawa ba Khawarijawan masu kishin halifanci da suka yi gaba da halifanci suka tausasa wa Umar bin Abdul’aziz, suna shelanta cewa ba zai yiwu su yi adawa da Halifa wanda ba mutum ba face mala’ika. Gidan Umayyawa ya saba da kayan alatu da kudin talakawa, sun yi tawaye ga wannan adalci amma na juyin juya hali da Halifa ya dauka tare da nuna rashin amincewa da zubar da dukiyoyinsu na tsawon shekaru. Wata rana halifan ya gayyaci wasu fitattun ‘yan gidan Banu Umayyawa zuwa cin abinci, amma ya shawarci mai dafa masa da ya jinkirta shirya abinci. Baƙi suna nishi da yunwa, sai Halifa ya yi kira ga mutanensa su kawo busasshiyar gram wanda shi da baƙonsa ya ci ya ƙoshi. Bayan 'yan mintuna sai mai dafa abinci ya kawo abincin da baƙon suka ƙi ɗauka suka ce sun gamsu. Can sai Halifa salihai ya ce, “’Yan’uwa! Lokacin da za ku iya gamsar da sha'awar ku da abinci mai sauƙi, to me ya sa kuka yi wasa da wuta kuka kwaci dukiyoyi da haƙƙin wasu? Wadannan kalamai sun sosa ran manya-manyan gidan Umayyawa wadanda suka fashe da kuka. Gaba daya ya mayar da hankali sosai kan biyan diyya ga wadanda aka yi musu wawuri ba bisa ka'ida ba ta kowace fuska. Hukuncinsa na adalci ya saba wa muradun Umayyawa waɗanda suka saba da kowane irin lasisi kuma da wuya su iya jure duk wani bincike na ƴancinsu mara iyaka. Sun kulla makirci a kan rayuwar wannan mutumin kirki na danginsu. An ba wa wani bawan Halifa cin hanci da rashawa don ya ba da guba mai kisa. Halifa ya ji tasirin guba ya aika aka kira bawan, ya tambaye shi dalilin da ya sa ya sanya masa guba. Sai bawan ya amsa masa da cewa an ba shi dinari dubu don wannan manufa. Halifa ya ajiye adadin a baitul malin jama’a ya ‘yanta bawan ya bukaci ya bar wurin nan da nan don kada wani ya kashe shi. Don haka ya rasu a shekara ta 101 bayan hijira yana dan shekara 39 a wani wuri da ake kira Da’ir Siman (The convent of Simean) kusa da Hems, daya daga cikin ruhi masu daraja da suka taba rayuwa a wannan duniya. Shahadarsa ta jefa duniyar Musulunci cikin duhu. Rana ce ta zaman makoki na kasa; al'ummar karamar hukumar sun fito domin yin mubaya'a ta karshe ga shugaban da ya rasu. An binne shi ne a Da’ir Siman a wani fili da ya saya a hannun wani Kirista. An ruwaito cewa ya bar dinari 17 ne kawai tare da wasiyyar cewa daga cikin wannan kudi za a biya hayar gidan da ya rasu da kuma kudin filin da aka binne shi. Alhakin ofishin da aka bashi amana ya cika shi da damuwa ya sanya zuciyoyin da dama ke bincike. Da zarar matarsa ​​ta same shi yana kuka bayan sallah; sai ta tambaye shi ko wani abu ya faru da zai sa shi baqin ciki, sai ya ce: “Ya! Fatmah! An nada ni mai mulki a kan musulmi da baki, an 9ypc3x9w63u4qgcsiwmuwpkmkj3zpba 549427 549426 2024-12-01T12:24:58Z 105.112.236.1 549427 wikitext text/x-wiki == Reform of Umar bn Abdul’aziz == Umar Ibn Abdul’aziz was a scholar himself and surrounded himself with great scholars like Muhammad bin Ka’ab and Maimum bin Mehran. He offered stipends to teachers and encouraged education. Through his personal example, he inculcated piety, steadfastness, business ethics and moral rectitude in the general population. His reforms included strict abolition of drinking, forbidding public nudity, elimination of mixed bathrooms for men and women and fair dispensation of Zakat. He undertook extensive public works in Persia, Khorasan and North Africa, including the construction of canals, roads, rest houses for travelers and medical dispensaries. His first act after assuming office was the restoration to their rightful owners of the properties confiscated by Umayyads. He was hardly free from the burial ceremonies of Caliph Sulayman and wanted to take a short respite when his son asked him if he would like to take rest before dealing with cases pertaining to confiscated properties. He replied “Yes, I would deal with these after taking rest”. “Are you sure that you would live up to that time?” asked his son. The father kissed his dear son and thanked God that he had given him such a virtuous son. He immediately sat up to deal with this urgent matter and first of all returned all his movable and immovable properties to the public Treasury. He deposited even a ring presented to him by Walid. His faithful slave, Mazahim was deeply moved at his uncommon sight and asked, “Sire, what have you left for your children”? He reply ‘God’. He restored the possession of the garden of Fidak to the descendants of the Prophet which had been appropriated by Marwan during the Caliphate of Uthman. He bade his wife Faṭimah to return the jewelry he had received from her father Caliph Abdul-Malik. The faithful wife cheerfully complied with his bidding and deposited all of it in the Baitul-Mal. After her husband’s death, her brother Yazid who succeeded him as Caliph offered to return it to her. “I returned these valuables during my husband’s lifetime, why should I take them back after his death”, she told him. The restoration of Fidak provoked mixed reaction from the people. The fanatical Kharjis who had become hostile to the Caliphate soon softened towards Umar bin Abdul’aziz, proclaiming that it was not possible for them to oppose a Caliph who was not a man but an angel. The house of Umayyad’s accustomed to luxuries at the expense of the common man, revolted against this just but revolutionary step taken by the Caliph and bitterly protested against the disposal of their age long properties. One day the caliph invited some prominent members of the House of Umayyad’s to dinner, but advised his cook to delay the preparation of food. As the guests were groaning with hunger, the Caliph shouted to his men to bring some parched gram which he himself as well as his guest ate to their fill. A few minutes later the cook brought the food which the guests refused to take saying that they had satisfied their appetite. There-upon the pious Caliph spoke out, “Brothers! When you can satisfy your appetite with so simple a diet, then why did you play with fire and usurp the properties and rights of other?” These words deeply moved the notables of the House of Umayyad’s who burst into tears. He generally laid great stress on compensating the victims of illegal extortion in any form. His administration of impartial justice went against the interests of Umayyad’s who were accustomed to all sorts of licenses and could hardly tolerate any check on their unbounded freedom. They plotted against the life of this virtuous member of their clan. A slave of the Caliph was bribed to administer the deadly poison. The Caliph having felt the effect of the poison sent for the slave and asked him why he had poisoned him. The slave replied that he was given one thousand dinars for the purpose. The Caliph deposited the amount in the Public Treasury and freeing the slave asked him to leave the place immediately, lest anyone might kill him. Thus died in 101 A.H. at the young age of 39 at a place called Da’ir Siman (The convent of Simean) near Hems, one of the noblest souls that ever lived in this world. His martyrdom plunged the Islamic world into gloom. It was a day of national mourning; the populace of the small town came out to pay their last homage to the departed leader. He was buried in Da’ir Siman on a pieces of land he had purchased from a Christian. He reportedly left behind only 17 dinars with a will that out of this amount the rent of the house in which he died and cost of the land in which he was buried would be paid. The responsibility of the office with which he was entrusted filled him with anxiety and caused many hearts searching. Once he was found by his wife weeping after prayers; she asked him if anything had happened to cause him a grief, he replied, “O! Faṭimah! I have been made the ruler over Muslims and the strangers, and I was thinking of the poor that are starving and the sick that are destitute, and the naked that are in distress, and oppressed that are stricken, and the like of them in the countries of the earth and the distant provinces, and I felt that my Lord would ask an account of them at my hands on the day of resurrection, and I feared that no defense would avail me, and I wept”. His honesty and integrity have few parallels in the history of mankind. He introduced a number of reforms; administrative, fiscal and educational. A reformer appears when the administrative, political and ethical machinery is rusted and requires overhauling. This unsurpassable reformer of the Umayyad Regime was born in an environment which was very gloomy and necessitated a change. His promising son, Abdul Malik, a youth of 17 years advised his father to be more ruthless in introducing his beneficial reforms, but the wise father replied, “My beloved son, what thou tells me to do can be achieved only by sword, but there is no good in a reform which requires the use of the sword.” Under his instructions, As-Samḥ, his Viceroy in Spain, took a census of the diverse Nationalities, races and creeds, inhabiting that country. A survey of the entire peninsula including those of her cities, rivers, seas and mountain were made. The nature of her soil, varieties of products and agricultural as well as minerals sources were also carefully surveyed and noted in records. A number of bridges in southern Spain were constructed and repaired. A spacious Friday Mosque was built at Saragossa in northern Spain. The Baitul-Mal (Public Treasury) which was the innovation of Islam and had proved a blessing for poor Muslims during the Regime of “Pious Caliphs” was freely used for private purposes by the Umayyad Caliphs. Umar stopped his unholy practice and drew a pie from Baitul-Mal. He separated the accounts for “Khams”, “Sadaqah’ and “Fay” and had separate sections for each. He immediately stopped the practice of richly rewarding the authors of panegyrics of the royal family from Baitul-Mal. One of the most important measures was his reform of taxation. He made adequate arrangement for easy realization of taxes and administered it on a sound footing. He wrote a memorable note on taxation to Abdul-Ḥamid Ibn Abdur-Raḥman which has been copied by Qaḍi Abu-Yusuf, “Examine the land and levy the land tax accordingly. Do not charge the revenue of barren land”. His generous reforms and leniency led to the people willingly depositing their taxes. It is a strange paradox that in spite of all oppressive measures adopted by the notorious Ḥajjaj Bin Yusuf for the realization of taxes in Iraq, it was less than half of the amount realized during umar. He paid special attention to the prison reforms. He instructed Abu-Bakr Ibn Ḥazm to make weekly inspection of jails. The jails wardens were warned not to maltreat the prisoners. Every prisoner was given a monthly stipend and proper seasonal clothing. He advised the jail authorities to inulcate love for virtue and hatred for vice among the prisoners. Education of the prisoners led to their reformation. The public welfare institutions and works received much stimulus. All over his vast Empire thousands of public wells and inns were constructed. Charitable dispensaries were also opened. Even travelling expenses were arranged by the Government for the needy travelers. A large number of inns were constructed on the road leading from Khurasan to Samarkand. Umar was a capable administrator well versed in his duties towards this world and the hereafter. He was extremely hardworking. That is why, when people urged him to rest, he never heeded them. He had set before himself Caliph Umar’s Administration as a model to be copied. According to the well-known of Imam Sufyan Thawri there are five Pious Caliphs namely Abu-Bakr, Umar Faruq, Uthman, Ali and Umar bin Abdul’aziz. The outstanding feature of his Caliphate was that he revived Islam’s democratic spirit which had been suppressed after the accession of Yazid. In a letter addressed to the Prefect of Kufah, he exhorted his governors to abolish all unjust ordinances. He wrote, “Thou must know, that the maintenance of religion is due to the practice of justice and benevolence; do not think lightly of any sin; do not try to depopulate what is populous; do not try to exact from the subjects anything beyond their capacity; take from them what they can give; do everything to improve population and prosperity; govern mildly and without harshness; do not accept presents on festive occasions; do not take the price of sacred book (distributed among the people); impose no taxon travelers, or on the marriages, or on the milk of camels; and do not insist on the poll tax from anyone who has become a convert to Islam”. The pious Caliph disbanded 600 bodyguards meant for guarding the person of the Caliph. He received lesser salary than his subordinates. He attracted around him a galaxy of talented men who counseled him on state matters. Umar bin Abdul’aziz was very kind and just towards non-Muslims has been acknowledged by the Encyclopedia of Islam. As a devout Muslim, he was not only graciously tolerant to the members of other creeds but also solicitous towards them. Christians, Jews and fire worshippers were allowed to retain their churches, synagogues and temples. In Damascus, Al-Walid had taken down the “basilika” of John the Baptist and incorporated the site in the mosque of Umayyads. When Umar came to throne, the Christians complained to him that the Church had been taken from them, whereupon he ordered the Governor to return to the Christians what belonged to them. While he endeavored to protect his Muslim subjects from being abused, he was also anxious that his Christian subjects should not be crushed by oppressive taxation. In Aila and in Cyprus the increased tribute settled by treaty was reduced by him to the original amount. A Christian filed a suit against Hisham Ibn Abdul-Malik who later succeeded as Caliph. The just Caliph ordered both the plaintiff and the defendant to stand side by side in the court. This annoyed Hisham who abused the Christian. Thereupon, the Caliph rebuked him and threatened him with dire consequences. He laid sharp emphasis on the ethical aspects of education in order to turn the hearts of people towards charity, forbearance and benevolence. He relentlessly discouraged and punished laxity of morals. All these beneficial measures added to the stability of the State and the prosperity of the people who lived in peace and tranquility. During his short reign of 2 years, people had grown so prosperous and contented that one could hardly find a person who would accept alms. The only discontented people were the members of the House of Umayyads who had been accustomed to a life of vice and luxury and could hardly change their heart. Umar bin Abdul’aziz did not lay much stress on military glory. He paid greater attention to internal administration, economic development and consolidation of his State. The siege of Constantinople was raised. In Spain, the Muslim armies crossed the Pyrenees and penetrated as far as Toulouse in central France. However, all Berbers in Northern Africa as well as the nobility of Sind embraced Islam of their own accord. Umar, however, by no means felt obliged to spread Islam by the sword. czsxu4dnmxpatht8shf5vitsvgzw80t 549429 549427 2024-12-01T12:56:49Z ToadetteEdit 28065 Reverted 2 edits by [[Special:Contributions/105.112.236.1|105.112.236.1]] ([[User talk:105.112.236.1|talk]]): Not a good improvement/wrong language (TwinkleGlobal) 549429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Umar bn Abdil-Aziz''' ( {{Lang-ar|عمر بن عبد العزيز|ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz}} ; 2 Nuwamba 680 – {{Circa|5 February 720}} ), wanda aka fi sani da '''Umar II''' ( {{Lang|ar|عمر الثاني}} ), shi ne [[Khalifofi|halifan]] Umayyawa na takwas . Ya bayar da gagarumar gudunmawa da gyara ga al’umma, kuma an bayyana shi a matsayin “Mafi tsoron Allah da ibada” a cikin sarakunan Banu Umayyawa kuma ana kiransa da Mujaddadi na farko kuma [[Mujaddidi|khalifan]] Musulunci na shida. <ref name="RGHIGP2015:199">[[Umar II#RGHIGP2015|Hoyland, ''In God's Path'', 2015]]: p.199</ref> Ya kuma kasance dan uwa ga tsohon halifan, kasancewarsa dan kanin Abdul-Malik, Abd al-Aziz . Ya kuma kasance jikan halifa na biyu, [[Umar Ibn Al-Khattab|Umar ibn Al-Khattab]] . An kewaye shi da manyan malamai, an ba shi umarni da ya tattara hadisai na farko a [[Hadisi|hukumance]] da kwadaitar da ilimi ga kowa da kowa. Ya kuma aika da jakadu zuwa [[Sin|kasashen Sin]] da Tibet inda ya gayyaci sarakunansu da su karbi [[Musulunci]] . sannan kuma ya kasance yana da hakuri da ‘yan kasa wadanda ba musulmi ba. A cewar Nazeer Ahmed, a zamanin Umar bn Abdil-Aziz ne addinin Musulunci ya samo asali kuma ya samu karbuwa a wajen dimbin al'ummar [[Iran|Farisa]] da [[Misra|Masar]] . == Manazarta == odexl4xwzk4zfz7aux7yn1lxzxvr5zn 0 36531 549978 320797 2024-12-02T04:31:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549978 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Queen_Mother_Pendant_Mask-_Iyoba_MET_DP231460.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Queen_Mother_Pendant_Mask-_Iyoba_MET_DP231460.jpg/200px-Queen_Mother_Pendant_Mask-_Iyoba_MET_DP231460.jpg|right|thumb|270x270px| Anyi amfani da kwafin wannan abin rufe fuska na hauren giwa azaman alamar Festac '77.]] '''Festac '77''', wanda kuma aka sani da bikin '''baƙar fata da na Afirka na fasaha da al'adu na duniya na biyu''' (na farko shi ne a Dakar, shekarar 1966 ), wani babban bikin kasa da kasa ne da aka gudanar a [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]], daga 15 ga Janairu 1977 zuwa 12 Fabrairu 1977. Taron na tsawon wata guda ya yi bikin al'adun Afirka tare da baje kolin wa duniya kaɗe-kaɗen Afirka, zane-zane, adabi, wasan kwaikwayo, raye-raye da addini. Kimanin mahalarta taron 16,000, masu wakiltar kasashen Afirka 56 da kuma kasashen Afirka na Afirka sun yi rawar gani a wajen taron. <ref name="Falola">{{Cite book|last3=Toyin Falola}}</ref> Mawakan da suka taka rawa a bikin sun hada da Stevie Wonder daga [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], Gilberto Gil daga [[Brazil]], Bembeya Jazz National daga [[Gini|Guinea]], Mighty Sparrow daga [[Trinidad da Tobago|Trinidad and Tobago]], Les Ballets Africains, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] Miriam Makeba, da Franco Luambo Makiadi. A lokacin da aka gudanar da shi, shi ne taro mafi girma a nahiyar Afirka da aka taba yi. Alamar bikin wani kwafi ne da Erhabor Emokpae na masarar hauren giwa na Benin ya yi. Batun gudanar da bikin ya kai ga kafa majalisar fasaha da al'adu ta [[Najeriya]], [[Festac Town|Festac Village]] da [[National Arts Theatre|National Theatre]], Iganmu, [[Legas]]. An gudanar da akasarin taron a manyan wurare guda hudu: gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa, filin wasa na kasa, [[Surulere (Lagos)|Surulere]], dakin taro na birnin Legas da [[Tafawa Balewa Square|dandalin Tafawa Balewa]]. <ref name="Jstor">Foundation for Research in the Afro-American Creative Arts, "[[Festac '77]]", ''The Black Perspective in Music'', Vol. 5, No. 1 (Spring 1977), pp. 104–117.</ref> == Shiri == === Fage === Za a iya samun wahayi don taron FESTAC zuwa ci gaban ra'ayoyi akan Négritude da Pan-Africanism. A cikin Shekarar 1940s, Aimé Césaire da Léopold Sédar Senghor, wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa ga Pan-Africanism na WEB Du Bois da ra'ayin Alain Locke na New Negro, sun fara wata jarida da gidan bugawa a [[Faris|Paris]] mai suna ''Présence Africaine'' Shekar; duka Césaire da Senghor suma mambobi ne na al'adun [[:fr:Société africaine de culture|Société africaine de al'adu]] .ShekaSheka. <ref name="Enahoro">Enahoro, Ife (1977). "The Second World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture: Lagos, Nigeria", ''[[Black Scholar]]'', Vol. 9, No. 1. September, pp. 27–33.</ref> ''Presence Africaine'' da Ƙungiyar Al'adun Afirka sun kasance masu gudanar da majalisu biyu, ɗaya a cikin shekarar 1956 da ɗayan a 1959. An gudanar da taron ne da nufin bunkasa al'adu da wayewar bakaken fata. Taron farko shi ne taron marubutan baƙar fata a birnin Paris kuma na biyu taron marubutan baƙar fata ne a [[Rum|birnin Rome]]She. .SheShek Wadanda suka halarci taron sun hada da marubutan al'adun Afirka da na Afro kamar Alioune Diop, Cheikh Anta Diop, Léopold Senghor, da Jacques Rabemananjara, Richard Wright, Césaire, George Lamming, Horace Mann Bond, Jacques Alexis, John Davis, William Font Jean Price Mars, James Baldwin, Chester Himes, Mercer Cook da Frantz Fanon. Mambobin bangarorin biyu sun tsunduma cikin tattaunawa kan ra'ayoyi game da farfado da al'adun Afirka da taron bikin fasaha. A cikin shekarar 1966, tare da jagoranci da Senghor ya ba da tallafi daga waje, musamman Faransa, da [[UNESCO]], an gudanar da bikin Baƙar fata na Farko a [[Dakar]], [[Senegal]], 1-24 Afrilu 1966. <ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/Ulis/cgi-bin/ulis.pl?catno=190260&gp=0&lin=1&ll=1 "1st World Festival of Negro Arts, Dakar, April 1-24, 1966: Colloquium: Function and Significance of African Negro Art in the Life of the People and for the People, March 30-April 8, 1966"], UNESDOC.</ref> A karshen biki na farko, an gayyaci [[Najeriya]] da ta gudanar da biki na biyu a shekarar 1970, ta yadda za a ci gaba da samun hadin kan bakaken fata ta hanyar bukukuwan al'adu. <ref name="Enahoro">Enahoro, Ife (1977). "The Second World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture: [[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]", ''[[Black Scholar]]'', Vol. 9, No. 1. September, pp. 27–33.</ref> Ƙasar mai masaukin baki za ta ɗauki nauyin samar da ababen more rayuwa da kayan aiki don samun nasarar shirya bikin. Duk da haka, yakin basasa da sauye-sauye na gwamnati ya sa aka dage bikin zuwa 1977. An fara shirye-shiryen buki na biyu a birnin Lagos na [[Najeriya]] a ranar 3 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1972, lokacin da kwamitin bikin kasa da kasa ya hadu a karon farko, inda suka yanke shawarar cewa za a gudanar da bikin a watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1974. An canza sunan bikin daga "Bikin fasaha da al'adu na baƙar fata na duniya" zuwa "Bikin fasaha da al'adu na duniya na biyu da na Afirka" don dacewa da haƙiƙanin haɗin kai na Afirka. An ƙara canza kwanan wata zuwa Nuwamba 1975. Masu shirya taron sun raba kasashe zuwa shiyyoyi 16, kowane shiyya yana da kwamitin da ya kunshi wakilan al'ummomin kasashen Afirka; shugaban kowace shiyya zai zama memba na kwamitin bikin kasa da kasa. Kwamitin ya kasance a matsayin bangaren gudanarwa na bikin. Sha'awar inganta bikin Dakar ne ya sa Najeriya ta yi niyyar samar da wani shiri mai cike da almubazzaranci da sabbin kudin man fetur da aka samu. Wani sabon tsarin mulki ya maye gurbin gwamnatin [[Yakubu Gowon|Gowon]] kuma aka canza ranar bikin zuwa 1977. Don samar da tallatawa ga bikin, kwamitin na kasa da kasa ya shawarci yankunan da su karfafa bukukuwan farko. An yi wasu kananan bukukuwa, irin su Carifesta da [[Guyana]] ta shirya, bikin Commonwealth a [[Landan|London]], nunin zane-zane da fasaha na [[Ghana|kasar Ghana]] da kuma Nafest na [[Najeriya]]. Kwamitin bikin ya kuma zabi a matsayin alamar bikin wani kwafin da Erhabor Emokpae na Benin na Benin na karni na 15 (Maskin da kansa ya kasance na karshe da Ovonramwen, Sarkin Benin da aka tsige a 1897 a hannun karamin jami'in kula da gabar tekun Niger., Ralph Moor ). === Kayayyakin aiki === An gina rukunin gidaje da aka fi sani da Festac Village a matsayin masaukin mahalarta kusan 17,000. Duk da haka, dogon burin ƙauyen a ƙarƙashin Shirin Gidajen Tarayya shine don rage wasu matsalolin gidaje a [[Legas]]. An ba da shawarar gina gidan a cikin shekaru biyu, tare da fiye da 40 'yan kwangila suna aiki a wurare daban-daban na aikin. Gabaɗaya an gina rukunin gidaje 5,088 kafin bikin kuma za a kammala ƙarin 5,687 a ƙarshen 1977. A yayin wannan biki, rukunin gidaje ya kasance wurin da ake yin atisaye da mu’amala da mahalarta taron yayin da ’yan wasa daban-daban suke ta maimaita ayyukansu da rana da dare. Domin daukar nauyin wasan kwaikwayo da laccoci, an gina wani babban gidan wasan kwaikwayo na zamani, don zama cibiyar fasaha da al'adun [[Afirka]] ta dindindin. Tsarin wasan kwaikwayo ya dogara ne akan Fadar Al'adu da Wasanni a Varna, Bulgaria. Sabon rukunin yana da dakunan baje koli guda biyu, dakin wasan kwaikwayo da dakin taro mai daukar mutane 5,000, dakin taro mai kujeru 1,600 da kuma gidajen sinima guda biyu. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya karbi bakuncin raye-raye, kiɗa, nune-nunen fasaha, sinima, wasan kwaikwayo da kuma wasan kwaikwayo. === Makasudin Bikin === * Don tabbatar da farfaɗowa, farfaɗowa, yaduwa da haɓaka al'adun Baƙar fata da Afirka da baƙar fata da dabi'un al'adun Afirka da wayewa; * Don gabatar da al'adun baƙar fata da na Afirka a cikin mafi girma kuma mafi girman tunaninsa; * Don kawo haske daban-daban gudunmawar baƙar fata da al'ummomin Afirka ga raƙuman tunani da fasaha na duniya; * Don inganta baƙar fata da masu fasaha na Afirka, masu yin wasan kwaikwayo da marubuta da sauƙaƙe yarda da su a duniya da samun damar shiga duniya; * Don haɓaka ingantacciyar fahimtar ƙasa da ƙasa; * Don sauƙaƙe dawowar asali na lokaci-lokaci a Afirka ta hanyar masu fasaha, marubuta da masu yin wasan kwaikwayo waɗanda aka tumɓuke zuwa wasu nahiyoyi. <ref name="Falola"/> <ref name="Enahoro">Enahoro, Ife (1977). "The Second World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture: [[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]", ''[[Black Scholar]]'', Vol. 9, No. 1. September, pp. 27–33.</ref> == Bikin == An gudanar da bikin bude bikin ne a ranar 15 ga Janairun 1977 a cikin babban filin wasa na kasa, [[Surulere (Lagos)|Surulere]], Legas. Daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali a bikin shi ne faretin mahalarta taron da suka wakilci kasashe 48 da suka yi tattaki a baya da manyan baki da jami’an diflomasiyya da kuma shugaban Najeriya [[Olusegun Obasanjo]]. Wasu daga cikin wadanda suka halarci faretin sun sanya riguna masu ban sha'awa, wasu mazaje a kan tudu mai kafa 14, sannan kuma 'yan rawan Najeriya sun rika sanya masu wuta a kawunansu. Don nuna alamar 'yanci da haɗin kan al'ummar Baƙar fata an saki tattabarai 1,000; <ref name="Kay">Iris Kay, "Festac 77", ''African Arts'', Vol. 11, No. 1, 1977, pp. 50–51.</ref> limamin shango shima ya kunna kwanon biki wuta. An fara gudanar da bukukuwan ne da misalin karfe tara na safe har zuwa tsakar dare. <ref name="Jstor">Foundation for Research in the Afro-American Creative Arts, "Festac '77", ''The Black Perspective in Music'', Vol. 5, No. 1 (Spring 1977), pp. 104–117.</ref> === Colloquium === Taron ya kasance a tsakiyar bikin, <ref name="Jstor">Foundation for Research in the Afro-American Creative Arts, "Festac '77", ''The Black Perspective in Music'', Vol. 5, No. 1 (Spring 1977), pp. 104–117.</ref> kuma ana gudanar da shi kowace rana a cikin makonni biyu na farkon ayyukan. Marubuta, masu fasaha da masana kusan 700 ne suka halarci darussan. Taken lakcocin ya yi iyaka ne da rashin ‘yancin tunani da kuma tawayar da kasashen duniya ta uku ke fuskanta wadanda a wasu lokuta sukan koma ga ‘ yan mulkin mallaka don neman kwarewa a yayin da suke kokarin kafa hoton amincewa da ‘yancin kai ga kansu da ma sauran kasashen duniya. Manufar da aka ayyana taron shine don neman amsoshin tambayoyin yadda za a farfaɗo da inganta baƙar fata da masu fasaha na Afirka da kuma yadda za a sauƙaƙe karɓuwa na duniya <ref name="Kay">Iris Kay, "Festac 77", ''African Arts'', Vol. 11, No. 1, 1977, pp. 50–51.</ref> da samun dama ga kantuna. Daga cikin masu magana a taron akwai Clarival do Prado Valladares, Lazarus Ekwueme, [[Babatunde Fafunwa|Babs Fafunwa]] da Eileen Southern.<ref name="Jstor">Foundation for Research in the Afro-American Creative Arts, "Festac '77", ''The Black Perspective in Music'', Vol. 5, No. 1 (Spring 1977), pp. 104–117.</ref> === Bikin Durbar da Regatta === Kwamitin bikin ya sayi motocin alfarma guda 2,003 (dubu biyu da uku) masu kujeru 45 da motocin bas masu kujeru 91 (casa’in da daya) 26 bisa dalilai na dabaru. Wani dalili shi ne [[Durbar|bikin Durbar]] da aka gudanar a [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]], birni mai nisan sama da kilomita 700 daga Legas. Taron ya gudana daga 5 ga Fabrairu zuwa 8 ga Fabrairu 1977. Asalinsu, durbar a Nijeriya an gudanar da liyafar karrama sarakuna; Tun daga 1911, an gudanar da durbar hudu a Najeriya kafin 1977. Duk da haka, Festac durbar wata fage ce da ta samu sarakuna da ke hawa tare da tawagarsu na dawakai da rakuma da masu nishadi a matsayin alamar hadin kai. Durbar ta kasance baje kolin mahayan dawakai da masu nishadantarwa kamar mawaka da kakaki, kakaki, tambari da ganguna, daga cikin tawagar akwai [[Fulani]], [[Maguzanci|Bori]] da [[Bida]]. Bikin na Festac durbar ya samo asali ne daga tsoffin al’adun [[Hausawa]], [[Mutanen Songhai|Songhay]] da [[Mutanen Kanembu|Kanembu]] irin su Hawan Dawaki, wanda aka fi sani da hawan dawaki, da kuma wani biki na sojoji na Bornu mai suna Tewur, taron da sojojin dawakai suka gudanar kafin wani gagarumin yakin neman zabe. <ref name="Sylvia" /> Wani abin tarihi da aka gabatar shi ne taron shekara-shekara da sarakunan Fulani suka yi a daidai lokacin da halifofin [[Daular Sokoto|Sakkwato]] a Kaura Namoda suka yi domin tattaro runduna zuwa balaguro a kan jihohin da ke gaba da juna. Jirgin regatta wani taron ne da aka gudanar a nesa da wuraren taron jama'a amma ba kamar na durbar ba, an yi regatta a Legas. Regatta taron ne na kwanaki uku da aka yi a Queen's Drive foreshore a [[Ikoyi]], Legas. Mahalarta taron sun fito ne daga Najeriya musamman jihohin [[Edo]], [[Cross River]], [[Imo]], [[Kwara (jiha)|Kwara]], [[Ogun]], [[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] da kuma jihar Legas. Kowane jirgin ruwa yana da taron mawaƙa, acrobats ko masquerades da raye-raye. Fiye da jiragen ruwa 200 ne suka halarci taron.<gallery mode="packed" widths="250px" heights="250px"> File:Festac '77 Grand Durbar (22173986028) (cropped) 1.jpg|Grand Durbar a [[Kaduna State|jihar Kaduna]] File:Festac '77 Grand Durbar (22361733345).jpg|Grand Durbar a jihar Kaduna File:Festac '77 Regatta (22361732555).jpg| Regatta in [[Lagos]] </gallery> === Kayayyakin gani da wasan kwaikwayo === Shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo da na gani kamar fina-finai, wasan kwaikwayo, kade-kade da raye-raye, galibi ana yin su ne da maraice da maraice a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa, duk da haka, an yi wasu wasannin kwaikwayo da kade-kade a [[Tafawa Balewa Square|dandalin Tafawa Balewa]], inda aka saba shirya wasan kwaikwayo na zamani da na kade-kade. da rana kuma ana yin wasannin kwaikwayo da kade-kade na gargajiya da yamma. A cikin jimlar kusan wasan kwaikwayo 50, kide-kide da raye-raye 150, fina-finai 80, nune-nunen zane-zane 40 da kuma wasannin wake-wake da raye-raye 200. A jajibirin bikin rantsar da marigayi Sory Kandia Kouyaté, kwararre Mande Griot, ya yiwa shugabannin kasa da na gwamnati rawar murya da rawar kora, abin tunawa. Saitunan sun yi kama da kotunan daular Afirka ta Tsakiya da na sarauta. Sauran mawakan da suka yi waka sun hada da Osibisa, Les Amazones, Bembeya Jazz da Les Ballets Africains daga Guinea; Franco Luambo daga Congo; Miriam Makeba, Louis Moholo, Dudu Pukwana daga Afirka ta Kudu; Mahara Karfe daga [[Guyana]], da Bazara mai ƙarfi daga [[Grenada]];; Gilberto Gil daga Brazil, da masu fasaha na Amurka ciki har da Donald Byrd, Randy Weston, Stevie Wonder da Sun Ra. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171028181802/http://blog.afropop.org/2011/01/history-of-world-festival-of-black-arts.html "The History of the World Festival of Black Arts & Culture / FESTAC"], Afropop, 20 January 2011.</ref> Baya ga yawan kide-kide, an gudanar da taron waka a ranar 29 ga Janairun 1977 karkashin jagorancin mawaki Akin Euba. Wadanda suka halarci taron sun hada da Mwesa Isaiah Mapoma, Kwabena Nketia da Mosunmola Omibiyi. Sauran wadanda suka halarci taron sun hada da mawaka, mawaka, malaman makarantun gwamnati da daliban da suka kammala karatun kida. Sama da sa'o'i biyu, mahalarta taron sun tattauna batutuwan da suka shafi juna tare da nazarin hanyoyin inganta ayyukan waka a tsakanin 'yan Afirka, a nahiyar da kuma kasashen waje. Ƙungiyar raye-rayen 'yan asalin ƙasar Australiya, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Aboriginal Islander Dance, da kuma Eleo Pomare Dance Company daga [[New York (birni)|Birnin New York]]. An gudanar da nune-nunen zane-zane da dama a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa, da gidan [[Nigerian National Museum|adana kayan tarihi na Najeriya]] da kuma kewayen dandalin Tafawa Balewa. A dandalin, an bai wa kowace kasa da ta wakilci wurin bikin, rumfar da za ta baje kolin zane-zane, kayan kade-kade, zane-zane, litattafai da kayayyakin fasaha. Wasu fitattun nune-nunen da suka gudana sun hada ''da Afirka da Asalin Dan Adam'', wanda aka gudanar a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa, da kuma Ekpo Eyo 's ''2000 Years of Nigerian Art'', wanda ya hada da [[Al'adar Nok|Nok terracottas]], Benin court art, [[Igbo-Ukwu|Igbo Ukwu]], [[Ifẹ|Ife]] da [[Nufawa|Tsoede]] bronzes. da kayan fasaha. Wani baje kolin Najeriya na zamani wanda ya nuna ayyuka daga Bruce Onobrakpeya, Ben Enwonwu, Yusuf Grillo, Uche Okeke da Kolade Oshinowo suma sun kasance cikin taron. An kuma gudanar da wani baje kolin fasahohin gine-gine na Afirka a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa, nunin ya hada da zane-zane, zane-zane, da kuma samfura da ke nuna jigogi daban-daban na gine-gine kamar gine-ginen banco, tsarin dunkulewa da filin [[Abzinawa|Berber]] na Matmata. == Bayansa da gado == Bayan kammala wannan biki cikin nasara, Najeriya, mai masaukin baki, ta ajiye kayayyakin tarihi na kasashe da al'ummomi 59. Wannan ya sa aka kafa Cibiyar Baƙar fata da Baƙar fata da Wayewa ta Afirka (CBAAC), ƙungiyar tarayya da ke da ofisoshi a Marina, Legas da FCT, Abuja. A halin yanzu ana adana abubuwan tarihi na bikin a wani gidan kayan tarihi da ke Cibiyar. Mai daukar hoto Marilyn Nance, mai daukar hoto Marilyn Nance, mai daukar hoto ce ta mallaki kuma tana kula da tarihin shigar da tawagar Amurka. 'Yar takarar karshe sau biyu don lambar yabo ta W. Eugene Smith a cikin Hotunan Dan Adam, tabbas Nance ta fi shahara da cikakkun takardunta na FESTAC 77, Bikin Duniya na Biyu na Fasaha da Al'adun Baƙar fata da na Afirka da aka gudanar a Legas, Najeriya. Wani nune-nunen da Theaster Gates da Romi Crawford <ref>[https://graycenter.uchicago.edu/people/romi-crawford Romi Crawford] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910202758/https://graycenter.uchicago.edu/people/romi-crawford |date=2022-09-10 }}, ''graycenter.uchicago.edu''.</ref> suka shirya ya ƙunshi hotuna masu tarin yawa, waɗanda ba a taɓa ganin wasu a bainar jama'a ba, daga mai ɗaukar hoto na Chicago Karega Kofi Moyo. <ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/ct-ott-k-kofi-moyo-co-prosperity-sphere-20180810-story.html "K. Kofi Moyo exhibits 'Scenes of Resistance' from Chicago's past that mirror the present"], ''chicacotribune.com''.</ref> Nunin, ''K. Kofi Moyo da FESTAC '77: Kunna Taskar Baƙar fata'', <ref>[https://www.loganexhibitions.uchicago.edu/exhibitions/kofimoyo "K. Kofi Moyo and FESTAC ’77: The Activation of a Black Archive"], ''loganexhibitions.uchicago.edu''.</ref> yana kan kallo a Cibiyar Logan ta Jami'ar Chicago 's Logan for Arts gallery Fabrairu 12 - Maris 21, 2021. Nunin ya girma daga binciken da aka gudanar a lokacin Richard da Mary L. Grey Center <ref>[https://graycenter.uchicago.edu/ Richard and Mary L. Gray Center] website.</ref> Mellon Fellowship ta Gates da Crawford. == Duba kuma == * Bikin Duniya na Baƙar fata == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9n8b48an75h06was0xqka4tascdrz05 0 36551 549544 521647 2024-12-01T17:08:09Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Comercial Tricycle Ajah Lagos Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Ajah, Lagos]] '''Ajah''' birni ne, da ke a cikin [[Ƙananan hukumomin Najeriya|ƙaramar hukumar]] [[Eti-Osa]] a cikin [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] a [[Najeriya|Nijeriya]]. Ya ƙunshi Addo, Langbasa, Badore, Ajiwe, VGC, da sauransu.<ref>"The 'hidden' story of Eti-osa, a marshland turned investment destination". Businessday NG. 2021-02-01. Retrieved 2021-09-24.</ref> == Tarihi == Odugbese Abereoje ne ya kafa Ajah wanda ya ɗauki nauyin iyalan Ogunsemo da Ojupon a karni na 16. Odugbese Abereoje su ne suka fara zama kuma wace babbar sana’a ita ce kamun kifi. Sun naɗa Bale (Wani wanda yake a ko da yaushe), a lokacin da ba su nan a cikin kamun kifi don ganin al'amuran al'ummar da ba su nan. Bale dan Ogunsemo ne.<ref>"THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF AJAH–OUR PEOPLE,OUR CULTURE,OUR VOICE". Retrieved 2021-09-23.</ref> An raba ƙasar Ajah zuwa sarakuna 42, da sarakuna 10. Baale na 11 na Ajah, Cif Murisiku Alani Oseni Adedunloye Ojupon an nada shi a ranar 1 ga watan Oktoba 2009. <ref name=":0"/> Mutanen Ajah da [[Ilaje]] ne suka mamaye Ajah bayan sun yi hijira daga Maroko da Moba. ‘Yan Ajah da Ijaje sun dade suna fama da yake-yake tsakanin al’umma. Ajah kuma yana kewaye da iyakar ruwa wanda ya hada tafkin Legas da Tekun Atlantika.<ref>"Bullets, blood and tears in unending 'war' between Ilaje and Ajah in Lagos". Tribune Online.2019-07-06. Retrieved 2021-09-23.</ref> == Sanannun cibiyoyi == * Makarantar Kasuwancin Legas * Jami'ar Pan-Atlantic * Yin Karatu a Lagos State Model College Badore * Victoria Garden City == Gallery == <gallery> Epe to ajah.jpg|Alamar Ajah a wurin shakatawar mota Comercial Tricycle Ajah Lagos Nigeria.jpg|Keke [[NAPEP]] na kasuwanci a cikin Ajah Abraham Adesanya roundabout.jpg|Abraham Adesanya zagaye Lagos Business School's Facade.jpg|Makarantar Kasuwancin Legas </gallery> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} j7ejn1si0vva0iguggzlv9jlm67me75 0 36646 550009 455323 2024-12-02T05:45:50Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550009 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''From Lagos With Love''' fim din [[Nollywood]] ne na 2018 wanda Dami Elebe ya [[Darakta|rubuta]], Akin Akinkugbe da Tola Odunsi suka shirya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/from-lagos-with-love-watch-damilola-adegbite-jon-ogah-shaffy-bello-in-trailer-for/wvf3g8v |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-09-13 |archive-date=2022-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913112459/https://www.pulse.ng/from-lagos-with-love-watch-damilola-adegbite-jon-ogah-shaffy-bello-in-trailer-for/wvf3g8v |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/life/film/three-nollywood-films-to-watch-in-cinemas-this-weekend/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2022-09-13 |archive-date=2022-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726060705/https://guardian.ng/life/film/three-nollywood-films-to-watch-in-cinemas-this-weekend/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Fim ne da ke nuna nau'ikan salon rayuwa guda biyu da suka wanzu a auratayya. Tauraruwarsa Enado Odigie, [[Damilola Adegbite]], [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]], [[Bimbo Manuel]], Nonso Bassey da Funke Kuti.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">https://independent.ng/prime-stars-in-from-lagos-with-love/</ref> == Labari == Labarin soyayya ne na ma'aurata guda biyu, cikakke daya kuma haramun ne. Ta kuma yi bitar tasirin da iyaye ke da shi a kan zaɓen ma'auratan 'ya'yansu.<ref name=":0" /> == Farko == An fara nuna fim ɗin kuma an nuna shi a faɗin ƙasar a ranar 31 ga Agusta, 2018.<ref name=":2" /> == Yan wasan kwaikwayo == Shaffy Bello, Bimbo Manuel, Sharon Ooja, John Ogah, Enado Odigie, Damilola Adegbite, Nonso Bassey da Funke Kuti.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] [[category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] a4sd68s0smcoyuy3sl41356h6omyz5m 0 36884 549520 492318 2024-12-01T16:23:25Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cadbury Nigeria PLC, Ondo.jpg|thumb|hoton cadbury]] [[Fayil:Cadbury logo new.jpg|thumb|taswirar cardbury]] [[Fayil:Cocoa - all about it (IA b21529590).pdf|thumb|Cadbury Nigeria Plc]] '''Cadbury Nigeria Plc''' kamfani ne na abinci, kayan [[Alewa|zaki]] da abin sha wanda ke da hedikwata a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], [[Najeriya]] kuma ana kasuwanci dashi a [[Kasuwar Hannun Jari ta Najeriya|kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta Najeriya]]. '''Cadbury Nigeria Plc''' reshen Mondelez International ne, daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin ciye-ciye a duniya. Babban samfurin kamfanin shine Bournvita kuma yana gasa tare da samfuran Nestle, GlaxoSmithKline da Promasidor. <ref>Cadbury [[Nigeria]] in Hot Drinks ([[Nigeria]]). Euromonitor International. 2017.</ref> == Tarihi == Tarihin Cadbury Schweppes a [[Najeriya]] ya samo asali ne tun a shekarun 1950 lokacin da ya fara aikin noman koko da kuma shigo da kayayyaki masu yawa tare da kuma mayar da shi cikin daloli domin sayarwa a kasar. Daga baya samun karuwar damar kasuwa a cikin kasar, kungiyar ta kafa masana'anta a watan Janairu 1965. <ref name="georgie">{{Cite book}}James., George, Olusoji (2011). Impact of culture on the transfer of management practices informer British colonies: a comparative case study of Cadbury (Nigeria) Plc and Cadbury Worldwide. [United Kingdom]: Xlibris. pp. 109–119. <nowiki>ISBN 9781456833770</nowiki>. OCLC 760937386</ref> Kamfanin ya zama kamfani da aka ambata a fili a shekarar 1976 lokacin da Cadbury Schweppes ya sayar da kashi 20% na sha'awar kamfanin. Zuba hannun jarin da kamfanin ya yi wajen haɗa sarkar samar da kayayyaki ya kai ga kafa masana'antar sarrafa dawa da masana'antun Stanmark a [[Ondo (birni)|Ondo]], masana'antar sarrafa koko. Stanmark yana ba da albarkatun ƙasa don babban samfurin sa, Bournvita kuma shine tushen kuɗin waje ta hanyar fitar da samfuran koko. A shekara ta 2006, reshen ya sarrafa tan 15,000 na wake dana koko a cikin man koko, barasa koko da kuma foda koko. A shekara ta 2006, kamfanin ya fitar da wata sanarwa da ke bayyana kuskuren kudi a cikin rahotanni na shekara-shekara da suka gabata.<ref name=":0">Superbrands (2007). "Cabdury [[Nigeria]]" (PDF).</ref> Nan da nan bayan bayyana hakan, babban daraktan kuɗi da daraktan kuɗi sun yi murabus daga mukamansu. Kamfanin daga baya ya sanar da cewa zai ɗauki nauyin kaya na musamman a kan ma'auninsa sakamakon kuskuren. == Alamomi == Manyan samfuran kamfanin sune Bournvita da Tom Tom. An gabatar da na farko a kasar a shekarar 1960 sannan kuma a shekarar 1970. Bayan kafa masana'antar masana'antu a 1965, kamfanin ya kashe kuɗi don tallata Bournvita, kuma a cikin wannan tsari ya haɓaka kason kasuwa na alamar. Daga baya Bournvita ya zama jagorar kasuwa a rukuninta. Don haɓaka buƙatun abinci mai gina jiki, a cikin 1994, kamfanin ya haɗa da mahimman bitamin da ma'adanai a cikin Bournvita.<ref name=":0"/> Sauran samfurori na kamfanin sun haɗa da Cadbury Eclairs, Malta sweets, Trebor da Peppermint asali.<ref name=":0"/> Abin sha ya ba da gudummawar kashi 58% na kuɗaɗen shiga a 2018 kuma kayan zaki sun ba da gudummawar 26%.<ref>"Cadbury [[Nigeria]] rebounds to profit on higher sales, cost cutting". Beverage Industry News (NG). 2018-10-24. Retrieved 2018-11-02.</ref> Bugu da ƙari, yana sayar da Creme Rollers, Chocki, Hall Take 5 da Bubba Gum. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://ng.mondelezinternational.com Cadbury Nigeria PLC girma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516003610/https://ng.mondelezinternational.com/ |date=2021-05-16 }} 7l1kbk4xzntqs7p3qoebyoue5jue2t1 0 38706 549604 517585 2024-12-01T18:22:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ahmed Ibrahim''' dan siyasan Ghana ne kuma dan majalisar wakilai ta bakwai a jamhuriyar Ghana ta hudu mai wakiltar mazabar Banda a yankin Bono a kan tikitin National Democratic Congress.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-08|title=Minority fumes over bill to put COCOBOD under Agric Ministry; says it is needless|url=https://thechronicle.com.gh/minority-fumes-over-bill-to-put-cocobod-under-agric-ministry-says-it-is-needless/|access-date=2021-01-12|website=The Chronicle Online|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114001511/https://thechronicle.com.gh/minority-fumes-over-bill-to-put-cocobod-under-agric-ministry-says-it-is-needless/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-17|title=Banda MP donates 12,000 blocks to four churches|url=https://thechronicle.com.gh/banda-mp-donates-12000-blocks-to-four-churches/|access-date=2021-01-12|website=The Chronicle Online|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131151648/https://thechronicle.com.gh/banda-mp-donates-12000-blocks-to-four-churches/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-25|title=E-levy not on Parliament's business statement for this week - Ahmed Ibrahim - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/e-levy-not-on-parliaments-business-statement-for-this-week-ahmed-ibrahim/|access-date=2022-11-13|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin shugaban marasa rinjaye a majalisar dokokin Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-08-02|title=Ahmed Ibrahim raises concerns over nomination of Justice Gaewu to Supreme Court bench|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/08/ahmed-ibrahim-raises-concerns-over-nomination-of-justice-gaewu-to-supreme-court-bench/|access-date=2022-11-13|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Tornyi|first=Emmanuel|date=2022-09-30|title=National Security warned Nana Addo against SIM card blockage – Ahmed Ibrahim|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/local/national-security-warned-nana-addo-against-sim-card-blockage-ahmed-ibrahim/5ty1wvy|access-date=2022-11-13|website=Pulse Ghana|language=en|archive-date=2024-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418175303/https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/local/national-security-warned-nana-addo-against-sim-card-blockage-ahmed-ibrahim/5ty1wvy|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Ibrahim a ranar 6 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1974, a Banda Ahenkro a yankin Bono na kasar Ghana. Ibrahim ya yi karatu a jami'ar Ghana inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin kimiyyar siyasa da falsafa a shekarar 2001.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=197|access-date=2022-11-13|website=www.parliament.gh}}</ref> == Aiki == Ya kasance babban jami'in gudanarwa na Flamingo Publications (Ghana) Limited.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Ghana MPs - List of MPs|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5516|access-date=2019-03-12|website=www.ghanamps.com}}</ref> == Siyasa == [[Fayil:Ibrahim Mohamed Solih and Fazna Ahmed at the opening of TFG's Sports Fitness and Rehabilitation Centre (36).jpg|thumb]] Ibrahim ya fara harkar siyasa a shekarar 2009. bayan an ayyana shi a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaben kasar Ghana na shekarar 2008.na mazabarsa. Daga nan ne aka zabe shi a majalisar dokoki ta 5 a jamhuriya ta 4 ta Ghana a ranar 7 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2009. Bayan kammala wa'adin mulkinsa na farko, Ibrahim ya yanke shawarar sake tsayawa takara a shekara ta 2013. inda ya doke Joe Danquah ya ci gaba da rike kujerarsa. A shekarar 2015. ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaben fidda gwani na majalisar dokokin NDC na mazabar Banda a yankin Bono na Ghana. Ya lashe wannan kujera ta majalisar dokoki a lokacin babban zaben Ghana na 2016 inda ya samu kuri'u 6,167 da ke wakiltar kashi 52.03% yayin da abokin hamayyarsa ya samu kuri'u 5,660 wanda ke wakiltar kashi 47.76%.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=Parliament - Banda Constituency Election 2016 Results|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/parliament/brongahafo/281/index.php|access-date=2020-12-06|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM}}</ref> === Kwamitoci === Ibrahim mamba ne a kwamitin kasafin kudi na musamman; memba na kwamitin sadarwa; mamba a kwamitin raya karkara da kananan hukumomi; kuma memba na kwamitin kasuwanci.<ref name=":1" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ibrahim Kirista ne.<ref name=":1" /> Yana da aure da yaro daya.<ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1974]] iopwtnuslub3btij8thxt7gzucjrygo 0 39019 549425 504641 2024-12-01T12:12:08Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 549425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bowoto Jephthah Oluwatiseyifumi Tanimola''', Wanda aka fi sani da '''Akpororo''', ɗan Najeriya ne mai son barkwanci, mawaƙi kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. == Rayuwar farko da aiki == Akpororo dan asalin Ilaje ne a [[Ondo (jiha)|jihar Ondo ta]] [[Najeriya]] amma an haife shi kuma ya girma a [[Warri]], wani birni a [[Delta (jiha)|jihar Delta a]] Najeriya inda ya yi karatunsa na farko. Aikinsa ya fara ne a matsayin mawaƙin bishara na gida har zuwa 2008 lokacin da ya shiga ƙalubalen ban dariya na ƙasa na Opa Williams kuma ya ci gaba da lashe yankin Calabar na gasar. A shekarar ta 2009, Akpororo ya koma [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] kuma ya yi takara sau biyu a gasar ''AY's Open Mic Challenge'', inda ya zo na biyu a kokarinsa na farko kuma ya lashe gasar a kokarinsa na biyu. Ya shahara a shekarar ta 2013 bayan wasan da ya yi a wasan kwaikwayon " Basketmouth 's Laff and Jam" kuma ya ci gaba da yin wasan kwaikwayo da dama da suka hada da "AY Live". Yana da 5ft, 7 inci. A kan 12 Agusta 2014, ya shirya babban wasan kwaikwayo na farko na wasan kwaikwayo "Akpororo vs Akpororo" a Shell Hall, [[Muson Centre|MUSON Center]]. Bikin budurwar ya ga halartar fitattun ayyukan kida da masu barkwanci. A cikin 2014, Akpororo ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo, yana taka rawa a cikin fina-finan ''Headgone'' da ''The Antique''; tare da tsohon ya ba shi zabuka uku a 2015 Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards. == Aikin fasaha == [[Fayil:Nigerian Role Model Awards 3 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Hitun Akpororo]] Salon wasan barkwanci nasa shine hadewar barkwanci na boko da na addini. A wata hira da aka yi da shi, ya bayyana cewa ya kan yi wasa da ba'a game da mahaukata domin ya taba zama mai hidima ga masu tabin hankali da ke zuwa cocin da yake zuwa domin samun waraka ta ruhaniya. == Yarjejeniyar amincewa == A watan Yunin 2015, ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar amincewa ta shekaru 2 da kamfanonin sadarwa na Airtel Nigeria. == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Bikin bayar da kyaututtuka ! Kyauta ! Sakamako ! Ref |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | 2016 Nigeria Entertainment Awards | Best Comedy Act{{Nom}} | |- | 2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards | Mafi kyawun Jarumin wasan kwaikwayo{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="4" | 2015 | 2015 Nigeria Entertainment Awards | Aikin Barkwanci Na Shekara{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="3" | 2015 Golden Icons Academy Awards Awards | Mafi kyawun Dokar Barkwanci{{Won}} | |- | Mafi kyawun Sabon Jarumi{{Nom}} | |- | Mafi kyawun Dokar Barkwanci (Zabin Duba){{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="3" | 2014 | 2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards | Aikin Barkwanci Na Shekara{{Nom}} | |- | 2014 BEN Television Awards | Dan wasan barkwanci na shekara{{Nom}} | |- | 2014 Naija FM Comedy Awards | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan barkwanci na shekara{{Won}} | |} == Rayuwa ta sirri == Yana auren Josephine Ijeoma Abraham, bayan daurin aurensu a [[Surulere (Lagos)|Surulere]], [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]] a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba 2015. Shi dalibi ne a jami'ar [[Jami'ar Jihar Lagos|jihar Legas]] inda yake karanta [[Kimiyar al'umma|ilimin zamantakewa.]] == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan barkwanci na Najeriya * Jerin mutanen Yarbawa == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] bd7dt6zifu0g0wz7tdqbbx6p0o13f39 0 39431 549800 486432 2024-12-01T21:11:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:B-Red.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|B-red]] '''Adebayo Adeleke''' wanda aka fi sani da '''B-Red''' (an haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Yuli),<ref name="Pulse Nigeria">{{cite web|title=Gideon Okeke, B-Red are a year older|date=July 23, 2015|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/celebrity-birthday-gideon-okeke-b-red-are-a-year-older-id4003817.html|publisher=Pulse Nigeria|accessdate=August 10, 2018|archive-date=August 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810174802/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/celebrity-birthday-gideon-okeke-b-red-are-a-year-older-id4003817.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Kemi Filani">{{cite web|title=B red celebrates his birthday with new photo|date=July 23, 2018 |url=https://www.kemifilani.com/2018/07/b-red-celebrates-his-birthday-with-new-photo.html|publisher=Kemi Filani|accessdate=August 10, 2018}}</ref> mawaƙi ne na Najeriya. Wanda aka fi sani da ɗan uwan Davido, aikinsa na solo ya fara ne a cikin shekarar 2013 tare da fitar da "Insane Girl"; wakar tana ɗauke da sautin muryar Davido, [[Shizzi]] ne ya shirya waƙar.<ref name="Not Just Ok">{{cite web|title=B-Red Bio|url=https://notjustok.com/artists/b_red/|publisher=Not Just Ok|accessdate=August 10, 2018|archive-date=August 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810174743/https://notjustok.com/artists/b_red/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 2016, ya saki EP ɗin sa na farko, ''All the Way Up''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Singer takes the first step to being more than Davido's backup |url=https://www.pulse.ng/b-red-singer-takes-the-first-step-to-being-more-than-davidos-backup/j16jgmr |publisher=Pulse Nigeria |accessdate=February 23, 2019 |date=July 15, 2016 |archive-date=February 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190224062435/https://www.pulse.ng/b-red-singer-takes-the-first-step-to-being-more-than-davidos-backup/j16jgmr |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Amanda Berry Smith by T. B. Latchmore.jpg|thumb|B-Red]] An haife shi a [[Atlanta|Atlanta, Jojiya]], Amurka, shi ɗa ne ga Sanatan Najeriya [[Ademola Adeleke]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/07/11/davidos-uncle-ademola-adeleke-dances-victory-osun-west-election-video/|title=Davido's uncle, Ademola Adeleke dances to his victory in Osun West by-election [VIDEO]|date=July 11, 2017|website=Daily Post Nigeria|access-date=2017-07-12}}</ref> B-Red ya koma Najeriya don ci gaba da sana'ar kiɗa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.naija.ng/1121232-sina-rambo-b-red-biography.html#1121232|title=Sina Rambo and B Red biography|website=Naij|date=August 23, 2017 |access-date=August 22, 2018}}</ref> Ƙani ne ga mawakin Najeriya [[Davido]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/03/people-need-understand-davido-b-red/|title=What people need to understand between Davido and I- B-RED|date=March 24, 2017|website=Vanguard|access-date=August 10, 2018}}</ref> == Sana'a == A cikin shekaru biyar da ya yi tare da HKN, B-Red ya kasa fitar da wani albam, aikin da ya fitar shi ne tsawaita wasan kwaikwayo na EP a tsakiyar 2016. Mai suna 'All The Way Up', EP ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi takwas, gami da waƙoƙin bonus guda shida, waɗanda galibi an fitar da su.<ref name="TheCable">{{cite web|title=Despite no album in four years, B-Red renews contract with HKN.|date=September 7, 2017 |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/b-red-renews-hkn-no-album/|publisher=TheCable|accessdate=August 10, 2018}}</ref> Tsakanin 2013 da 2015, duk da haka ya fitar da ƴan wasa da yawa waɗanda suka ji daɗin wasan, da suka haɗa da "Uju" da "Cucumber" haɗin gwiwa da [[Akon]].<ref name="TooXclusive">{{cite web|title=B-Red – "Cucumber" ft. Akon.|url=http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/b-red-cucumber-ft-akon/95539.html|publisher=TooXclusive|accessdate=August 22, 2018|archive-date=August 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822214016/http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/b-red-cucumber-ft-akon/95539.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> a cikin Afrilu 2019, mawaƙin HKN kuma marubucin waƙa, B-Red ya saki waƙoƙi biyu masu taken "E Better" wanda ke nuna shugabar (Mavin Records), [[Don Jazzy]].<ref name="042coded">{{cite web|title=B-Red – "E Better" featuring Don Jazzy.|url=https://www.042coded.com.ng/download-mp3/b-red-e-better-ft-don-jazzy/|publisher=042coded.com.ng|accessdate=April 11, 2019|archive-date=April 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412031433/https://www.042coded.com.ng/download-mp3/b-red-e-better-ft-don-jazzy/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kuma "Achie" wanda ke nuna gwanin da ya lashe lambar yabo, Davido<ref>{{cite web|title=B-Red – "Achie" ft. Davido, NorthBoi|url=https://www.042coded.com.ng/download-mp3/b-red-achie-ft-davido-northboi/|website=042coded.com.ng|publisher=Passstyle Onyeka|accessdate=April 12, 2019|archive-date=April 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412034850/https://www.042coded.com.ng/download-mp3/b-red-achie-ft-davido-northboi/|url-status=dead}}</ref>, a ranar 12 ga Oktoba 2020 B-Red ya sake fitar da wani kundi na studio mai suna "The Jordan" gabatarwar ta fito da fasalin bako daga mahaifinsa Sanata [[Ademola Adeleke]], B-Red kuma ya fito da fitaccen mawakin Najeriya 2Baba, sauran bayyanar bako inda [[Davido]], Slimcase, Dremo, Sina Rambo, Mayorkun, Peruzzi, da dai sauransu. == Discography == ; EPs * ''All the Way Up'' (2016) ; Albums * ''The Jordan'' (2020) == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == Kyauta daga '''Top Naija Music Award''' {| class="wikitable sortable" |- style="background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;" ! Shekara ! Suna ! Kyautar ! Nasara |- |2017 |B-Red |Artiste of the Year |{{Won}}<ref>cite web | url=http://topnaijamusicawards.com/winners-of-2017-top-naija-music-awards/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810205046/http://topnaijamusicawards.com/winners-of-2017-top-naija-music-awards/ |date=2018-08-10 }} | title=Winners of 2017 Top Naija Music Awards | date=December 27, 2017 | accessdate=August 10, 2018</ref> |} == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Iayalin Adeleke]] nz55ec70bf7vltufavr21tyfa8yh86n 0 40190 549888 494318 2024-12-01T23:07:15Z Gwanki 3834 Gwanki moved page [[Film]] to [[Fim]] 494318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Le_Voyage_dans_la_lune_(black_and_white,_1902).webm|thumb|''A Trip to the Moon'', 1902. The film is considered to be a turning point in narrative and sci-fi film development.]] [[Fayil:Apparent retrograde motion of Mars in 2003.gif|thumb|Fim]] '''Fim''' {{En dash}} wanda kuma ake kira '''fim''', '''hoton motsi, hoto''' mai '''motsi''', '''hoto''', wasan kwaikwayo ko ('''slang''') '''flick''' {{En dash}}aikin fasaha ne na gani wanda ke kwatanta kwarewa kuma in ba haka ba yana sadarwa ra'ayoyi, labarun, tsinkaye, ji, kyau, ko yanayi ta hanyar amfani na hotuna masu motsi. Waɗannan hotuna gabaɗaya suna tare da sauti kuma, da wuya, da wasu abubuwan motsa jiki.<ref>Severny, Andrei (September 5, 2013). "The Movie Theater of the Future Will Be In Your Mind". Tribeca. Archived from the original on September 7, 2013. Retrieved September 5, 2013.</ref> Kalmar "'''cinema'''", gajeriyar kallon fina-finai, ana yawan amfani da ita wajen yin fim da masana'antar fina-finai, da kuma [[Art|fasahar]] fasaha wanda shine sakamakonta. == Recording and transmission of film == Hotuna masu motsi na fim ana ƙirƙirar su ta hanyar ɗaukar hotuna na ainihi tare da kyamarar hoto mai motsi, ta hanyar ɗaukar hotuna ko ƙananan ƙirƙira ta amfani da fasaha na raye-raye na gargajiya, ta hanyar CGI da wasan kwaikwayo na kwamfuta, ko ta hanyar haɗuwa da wasu ko duk waɗannan fasahohin. da sauran tasirin gani. Kafin gabatarwar samar da dijital, an yi rikodin jerin hotuna masu tsayayye akan tsiri na celluloid mai mai inganci (hanyoyin fim na hoto), yawanci a ƙimar firam 24 a sakan daya. Hotunan ana watsa su ta hanyar na'urar daukar hoto daidai da yadda aka nada su, tare da Geneva drive da ke tabbatar da cewa kowane firam ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin gajeren lokacin hasashensa. Juyawa mai rufewa yana haifar da tazarar duhu na stroboscopic, amma mai kallo baya lura da katsewar saboda gyalewar fuska. Motsin da ke bayyana akan allon shine sakamakon gaskiyar cewa hankali na gani ba zai iya gane ainihin hotuna a cikin babban gudu ba, don haka ra'ayoyin hotunan suna haɗuwa da tazara mai duhu kuma ta haka an haɗa su tare don samar da ruɗin hoto ɗaya mai motsi. Sauraron sauti mai kamanni (nau'in hoto na kalmomin magana, kiɗa da sauran [[Sauti|sautuna]]) yana gudana tare da wani yanki na fim ɗin da aka keɓe don shi kaɗai, kuma ba a tsara shi ba. [[File:Big Buck Bunny 4K.webm|thumb|shirin wasan Film kenan ]] Fina-finan na yau da kullun suna da cikakken dijital ta duk tsarin samarwa, rarrabawa, da nuni. == Etymology and alternative terms == Sunan "fim" da farko ana magana ne zuwa sirara na emulsion<ref>"film | Etymology, origin and meaning of film by etymonline". www.etymonline.com. Archived from the original on 2022-02-01. Retrieved 2022-02-01.</ref> na photochemical a kan tsiri na celluloid wanda ya kasance ainihin matsakaici don yin rikodi da nuna hotuna masu motsi. Wasu sharuɗɗan da yawa sun wanzu don hoto masu motsi ɗaya, gami da "hoto", "nunin hoto", "hoton motsi", "hotunan hoto", da "flick". Kalmar da aka fi sani a Amurka ita ce "fim", yayin da a [[Turai]] an fi saninta da "film". Kalmomin archaic sun haɗa da "hotuna masu rai" da "ɗaukar hoto". "Flick" gabaɗaya kalma ce ta ɓatanci, wanda aka fara rubuta shi a cikin shekarar 1926. Ya samo asali ne a cikin fi'ili flicker, saboda ficewar fina-finan farko.<ref>"Flick". Online Etymology Dictionary. 22 November 2014. Retrieved 11 December 2022.</ref> Sharuɗɗan gama gari na filin gabaɗaya sun haɗa da "babban allo", "allon azurfa", "fina-finai", da "cinema"; Ana amfani da na ƙarshe daga cikin waɗannan, a matsayin jumla mai mahimmanci, a cikin matani na ilimi da maƙasudai masu mahimmanci. A cikin shekarun farko, ana amfani da kalmar “sheet” wani lokaci a maimakon “allon”. [[File:Prof._Stampfer's_Stroboscopische_Scheibe_No._X.gif|thumb| GIF mai rai na ''Prof.'' ''Stampfer's Stroboscopische Scheibe'' No. X (Trentsensky & Vieweg 1833)]] == Manazarta == [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2wa1rjrkralyticrehzimpcti2fmz7l 0 42477 549506 521109 2024-12-01T16:02:55Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Quote box|width=25%|align=right|quote='''BATIARY''' ''Batiary, to dzieci so lwoskij ulicy''<br> ''Wysoły, z fasonym, skory du kantania:''<br> ''Na takich gdzi indzij mówiu "ulicznicy"''<br> ''Co ni wytrzymuji jednak purówniania.''|source=z tomiku" Krajubrazy syrdeczny".<ref>[http://www.lwow.com.pl/przekroj/batiary.html Batiar i Jego Balak] {{in lang|pl}}</ref>}} [[Fayil:ВП День батяра 2.jpg|thumb|Batiar]] '''Batiar''' (ana kuma rubuta shi a matsayin ''baciar''), sanannen suna ne na wasu nau'in mazauna birnin Lviv. Ana ldaukarta a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙananan al'adun birnin, salon rayuwar "knajpa" na Lviv, kuma ya zama sabon abu a farkon karni na ashirin duk da cewa tushensa ya samo asali ne daga tsakiyar karni na sha tara. Ya ja baya baya da Tarayyar Soviet ta mamaye Gabashin Poland da kuma mamaye ta zuwa Tarayyar Soviet a matsayin wani ɓangare na SSR na Ukrainian a shekarar 1939 da kuma a 1945. Hukumomin Tarayyar Soviet sun kori yawancin mazauna Poland kuma sun watsa al'adun Poland. Duk da haka, an cigaba da amfani da kalmar, kuma sanannen kalmace na ƙauna a Lviv a yau. Tun daga shekara ta 2008 Lviv ta cigaba da bikin "Ranar Baitat na Kasa da Kasa wato International Batiar Day", wanda kamfanin "Dik-Art" ta fara tare da hadin gwiwa da Majalisar Birnin Lviv. <ref>[http://www.dikart.com.ua/ "Dik-Art" website]</ref> == Tushen kalmar == Asalin kalmar na iya fitowa daga harshen Hungary, tunda a cikin karni na 19 Lviv wani yanki ne na daular Austro-Hungary, wasu daga cikin 'yan sandanta sun kasance 'yan kasar Hungary ne kuma sun kawo kalmar zuwa yaren gida daga yarensu na asali. Ma'anar kalmar acikin Encyclopædia Britannica : {{Cquote|''Betyar (pl. betyarok) a highwayman in 19th-century Hungary. The word is Iranian in origin and entered the Hungarian language via Turkish and Serbo-Croatian; its original meaning was “young bachelor” or “lad.” While most betyárok were originally shepherds, whose position in rural society was marginal, many were army deserters or young men fleeing conscription. They are first mentioned in legal documents about 1800.''}} == Tarihi == Sunan ƙananan mazaunan Lwów ne ("attajiran Lviv"). Batiars suna magana na musamman da harshen Poland, wanda ake kira ''Bałak'' kuma yana da bambanci da yaren Lwów. Batiar na yau da kullun a cikin tunanin kowa sun kasance talakawa ne, amma sun kasance wayayyu masu gaskiya da karimci tare da nishadantarwa. Daga cikin mashahuran batiar, akwai irin waɗannan sunaye kamar ma'aikatan gidan rediyo Kazimierz Wajda da Henryk Vogelfänger na gidan rediyon Wesoła Lwowska Fala wanda yayi fice, da kuma tauraron ƙwallon ƙafa Michał Matyas, wanda ya buga wa Pogoń Lwów da tawagar ƙasar Poland. Har yanzu ana amfani sunan a kauyuka, amma yanzu a cikin yaren Ukrainian . Yanzu ''batiars'' su ne playboys na ''Ukrainian Piedmont.'' == Sources == * [http://www.lwow.com.pl/przekroj/batiary.html Witold Szolginia, Batiar and his balak (in Polish)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071108120610/http://mpj.lviv.ua/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=283 Homo leopolensis essay from under the "microscope of pan Yurko"] {{in lang|uk}} * [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1242561/betyar Definition of Betyar by Encyclopædia Britannica] {{in lang|en}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110716163031/http://www.ukrinform.ua/ukr/order/?id=804228 The Batiar's Day report by "UkrInform"] {{in lang|uk}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100110004143/http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-08-17-bakula-pl.html#footNoteNUM2 Phenomenon of Lwow's "knajpa"] {{in lang|pl}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100624123712/http://www.menagerart.pl/Menager/sites/biesiady.htm Biesiady i Combry from Agencja Artystyczna (Ta-joj, Europo! - Biesiada Lwowska)] {{in lang|pl}} * [http://postup.brama.com/010224/32_8_1.html Batiar's of the Ukrainian Lviv] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725022226/http://postup.brama.com/010224/32_8_1.html |date=2008-07-25 }} {{in lang|uk}} {{Lviv}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} az4kd86mej140r8a7sktpy236klnhvj 0 43648 549525 287159 2024-12-01T16:35:56Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[File:فاتو دجيبو.png|thumb|hoton fatou djibo]] [[Fayil:فاتو دجيبو.png|thumb|Fatou DJibo]] '''Fatou Djibo''' (27 Afrilu 1927 - 6 Afrilu 2016) ƴar Nijar ce mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata, [[Feminism|ƴar mata]], malama kuma ƴar ƙungiyar ƙwadago. Ita ce shugabar ƙungiyar des Femmes du Niger kuma ita ce mace ta farko daga [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]] da ta tuƙa mota. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Faɗima Hassane Diallo a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 1927, mahaifin Djibo shi ne Cif Djagourou, wani basaraken gargajiya da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka na Faransa ta naɗa ga shugaban gundumar [[Tera (gari)|Téra]] inda aka haife ta. A wani mataki da ba a saba gani ba a lokacin, ya tura ɗiyarsa tana da shekara bakwai a sabuwar makarantar firamare da aka buɗe a garin Téra kuma a sakamakon haka ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƴan matan Najeriya na farko da suka fara zuwa makaranta. Ta ci gaba da karatunta a babbar makarantar firamare da ke [[Niamey|Yamai]] babban birnin ƙasar, daga ƙarshe kuma a cibiyar horar da malamai ta École normal de Rufisque da ke ƙasar Senegal. Ta sauke karatu tare da bambanci a 1946. A wannan shekarar ta auri malami [[Djibo Yacouba]] wanda ta haifi ƴaƴa takwas tare da su.<ref name=":1">http://africanactiononaids.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Grand-mothers-FATOU-and-ANNE-MARIE.pdf</ref> Daga 1946 zuwa 1966, Djibo tayi aiki a matsayin malamar firamare, da farko a Fada N'Gourma daga baya a [[Maradi|Maraɗi]], [[Zinder]], [[Tillabéri (gari)|Tillabéri]] da [[Niamey|Yamai]]. A shekarar 1954 ita ce mace ta farko da ta tuƙa mota a Nijar.<ref name=":1" /> Djibo ta kafa ƙungiyar mata ta Union des Femmes du Niger (UFN) a ranar 7 ga Maris 1959, wadda ta jagoranci shekaru masu yawa.<ref>https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=o8wMAQAAIAAJ&q=fatou+djibo&redir_esc=y</ref> A shekarar 1962 ta jagoranci tawagar ƙungiyar zuwa Alkahira.<ref>https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=WOIMAQAAMAAJ&q=fatou+djibo&redir_esc=y</ref> A lokacin jamhuriya ta farko (1960 – 1974) ta kasance fuskar jama’a game da damuwar mata a Nijar. Ta ce ci gaban ƙasa ba zai zama cikakke ba sai an ƴantar da mata don haka dole ne a dakatar da wulaƙanci da ake yi wa mata ta hanyar dokokin da suka dace. A lokaci guda kuma ta ga aikin farko na ƴar Nijar a matsayin mai ilmantar da ƴan ƙasa na gaba.<ref>https://www.worldcat.org/title/26502947</ref> A 1969 Djibo ta bi mijinta zuwa Brussels lokacin da aka naɗa ta jakada. Bayan rasuwarsa a shekarar 1968 ta koma Nijar, inda ta zama ma'ajin [[Lycée Kassaï School|makarantar Lycée Kassaï]] da ke Yamai.<ref name=":1" /> A shekarar 1971, ta kasance mataimakiyar ma'ajin ƙungiyar ƙwadago ta Nijar.<ref>https://www.worldcat.org/title/26502947</ref> A cikin 1978 ta gode wa USSR bisa kyautar magunguna da kayan aikin likita ga ƙungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Nijar.<ref>https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=Q1hEAQAAIAAJ&q=fatou+djibo&pg=RA3-PA8-IA4&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=fatou%20djibo&f=false</ref> A shekarar 1979 ta halarci taron bita na ƙasa da ƙasa kan mata da jagoranci.<ref>https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=MAwoAQAAMAAJ&q=fatou+djibo&redir_esc=y</ref> Djibo tayi ritaya a shekara ta 1983 kuma ta ci gaba da aikin ta kai ga ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago, Red Cross da sauran ƙungiyoyi. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1927]] bj1gawruthb6mk4m7wm3id7p8zvw748 0 44350 549987 236312 2024-12-02T05:02:06Z Umar A Muhammad 22698 Hoto 549987 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Karela United FC.png|thumb|tambarin karela FC]] '''Karela United FC''' ƙwararriyar ƙungiyar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta Ghana da ke Ayinase, gundumar Ellembele, [[Yankin Yammaci, Ghana|Yankin Yamma]] . Kulob ɗin ya fafata a gasar cin kofin Normalisation na Ghana na shekarar 2019. Karela suna buga wasannin gida a filin shakatawa na CAM. == Tarihi == An kafa ƙungiyar ne a ranar Talata 1 ga watan Oktoba, 2013, lokacin da tsohuwar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Metropolitan Sporting Club ta canza suna zuwa Karela United Football Club. Da farko Karela ta fafata ne a gasar rukuni-rukuni ta Ghana, inda ta zama zakara, daga nan kuma ta samu shiga gasar firimiya ta Ghana a shekarar 2017. An buga wasan farko na hukuma ranar Asabar 23 ga watan Nuwambar 2013 da Proud United a wasan da babu ci a Kasoa .<ref>{{cite web|title=Brief History|url=http://karelaunitedfc.com/about/|website=Karela United FC|accessdate=3 May 2018|archive-date=8 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908072737/http://karelaunitedfc.com/about/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === 2018 - yanzu === Bayan gasar firimiya ta Ghana ta fuskanci badaƙalar Anas mai lamba 12 sannan aka soke gasar 2018 tare da rusa hukumar ƙwallon ƙafar Ghana a watan Yunin 2018, kwamitin daidaita al'amuran GFA ya shirya gasar Normalization Competition da za a buga a madadin gasar. babban gasar kamar yadda ake sake fasalin GFA.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-31|title=NC Special Cup: Hearts, Kotoko, Ashgold open with wins; WAFA crush Liberty|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2019/03/nc-special-cup-hearts-kotoko-ashgold-open-with-wins-wafa-crush-liberty/|access-date=2021-02-08|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> Karela ta sanya ta 2 a rukunin B don samun cancantar zuwa mataki na gaba, inda ta doke Ashanti Gold SC a wancan matakin don samun cancantar zuwa wasan ƙarshe don karawa da Asante Kotoko . Karela ta yi rashin nasara a wasan karshe a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida bayan da aka tashi wasan da ci 1-1. Sun yi rashin nasara a yunƙurin wakiltar Ghana a gasar cin kofin zakarun nahiyar Afirka ta 2019-20 kuma an ayyana su a matsayi na biyu a matakin Tier 1 na gasar .<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-23|title=NC Special: Kotoko beat Karela on penalties to win Tier 1 Competition|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2019/06/nc-special-kotoko-beat-karela-on-penalties-to-win-tier-1-competition/|access-date=2021-02-08|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan shagaltuwa da dama a gasar firimiya ta Ghana daga shekarar 2017 saboda rugujewar GFA a watan Yunin 2018, an yi watsi da gasar 2018 da tashe-tashen hankula na [[Annobar cutar Covid-19 a Ghana|annobar COVID-19]] wanda kuma ya sa aka soke gasar 2019-2020 kwatsam. lokacin 2020-2021 ya fara a watan Nuwamba 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The ultimate 18-team Ghana Premier League season guide 2020/21 - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/the-ultimate-18-team-ghana-premier-league-season-guide-2020-21/|access-date=2021-01-20|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Gana Premier League * Medeama SC == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://karelaunitedfc.com/ Shafin hukuma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031210812/https://karelaunitedfc.com/ |date=2020-10-31 }} q0b15cvvl2nm4zbchqy6h9hastinp4k 0 44832 549897 547691 2024-12-01T23:28:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cherif Dieye,''' (an haife shi ranar 11 ga watan Janairun,1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin winger na ƙungiyar USL League One Central Valley Fuego. == Sana'a == === Matasa & kwaleji === Dieye ya buga wasanni uku tare da IMG Academy a [[Florida]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://imga.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400543&player=34258202 |access-date=2023-03-22 |archive-date=2020-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718230430/http://imga.ussoccerda.com/sam/teams/index.php?team=1400543&player=34258202 |url-status=dead }}</ref> kafin ya je wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji a Jami'ar Louisville a cikin shekarar 2016.<ref>https://gocards.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/cherif-dieye/9448</ref> A lokacin da yake tare da Cardinal, Dieye ya buga wasanni 80, ya zura ƙwallaye 19 sannan ya zura ƙwallaye takwas. A cikin shekarar 2018, an ba shi suna ACC Championship All-Gasa Team da All-ACC Uku Team, kuma a cikin shekarar 2019 USC All-South Region Na biyu Team da All-ACC Na biyu Team.<ref>https://www.mlssoccer.com/players/cherif-dieye/</ref> === Ƙwararren === A ranar 9 ga watan Janairu, 2020, an zaɓi Dieye 15th gaba ɗaya a cikin shekarar 2020 MLS SuperDraft ta New York Red Bulls.<ref>https://gocards.com/news/2020/1/9/mens-soccer-dieye-selected-by-new-york-red-bulls-in-the-mls-superdraft.aspx</ref> Ya sanya hannu tare da ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa ta USL Championship New York Red Bulls II a ranar 2 ga watan Maris, 2020.<ref>https://www.newyorkredbulls.com/news/new-york-red-bulls-ii-sign-midfielder-cherif-dieye</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko na ƙwararru a ranar 17 ga watan Yuli, 2020, yana farawa da Hartford Athletic.<ref>https://www.uslchampionship.com/newyorkredbullsii-hartfordathletic-2092925</ref> Red Bulls II ya sake shi a ranar 30 ga watan Nuwamba,2020.<ref>https://www.newyorkredbulls.com/news/new-york-red-bulls-ii-announce-end-year-roster-decisions</ref> A ranar 2 ga watan Mayu,2022, Dieye ya sanya hannu tare da USL League One gefen Tsakiyar Valley Fuego.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fuegofc.com/news/2022/05/02/midfielder-cherif-dieye-signs-with-central-valley-fuego-fc/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-03-22 |archive-date=2023-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322093727/https://www.fuegofc.com/news/2022/05/02/midfielder-cherif-dieye-signs-with-central-valley-fuego-fc/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://gocards.com/sports/mens-soccer/roster/cherif-dieye/9448 Cherif Dieye] na Jami'ar Louisville Athletics [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1997]] ijxakpeu0b3j7p9lf5gbrwj9ak535gr 0 45166 549536 493074 2024-12-01T16:56:11Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549536 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.jpg|thumb|abidine]] [[Fayil:Zine El Abidine Ben Hasine Ettunsi 60 years.jpg|thumb|abidine a shekaru 60]] [[Fayil:Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.jpg|thumb|Abidine Abidine]] '''Abidine Abidine''' (An haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Maris 1993) ɗan wasan tseren nesa ne ɗan ƙasar Mauritaniya. Ya yi gasar tseren mita 5000 a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2020.<ref>"ABIDINE Abidine" . Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. Archived from the original on 10 October 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> == Sana'a == A watan Agustan 2019 a gasar Afrika ta shekarar 2019, Abidine ya wakilci Mauritania a tseren mita 5000 kuma ya kare a matsayi na 27 da lokacin 15:52.09. <ref>"Abidine Abidine" . WorldAthletics.org . Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> Abidine ya kasance mai rike da tuta ga Mauritania a lokacin gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2020.<ref>"Athletics flag bearers help to light up Olympic Opening Ceremony in Tokyo" . WorldAthletics.org . 23 July 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == Abidine Abidine at World Athletics Abidine Abidine at Olympedia{{S-start}} {{s-sports|oly}} {{Succession box|title=[[List of flag bearers for Mauritania at the Olympics|Flag bearer]] for {{MTN}}}} {{S-end}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7cfmaq38103boezpldg1fmfuunn540i 0 45491 549514 506265 2024-12-01T16:14:07Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Domingos José de Andrade (1) - 1-20926-0000-0000, Acervo do Museu Paulista da USP.jpg|thumb|domingos andrade]] [[Fayil:Domingos José de Andrade (2) - 1-20926-0000-0000, Acervo do Museu Paulista da USP.jpg|thumb|Domingos Andrade]] '''Domingos Paulo Andrade''' (an haife shi ranar 7 ga watan Mayu 2003) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na ƙasar Angola wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Sporting CP B da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Angola.<ref>Domingos Andrade at Soccerway</ref> == Sana'a == [[Fayil:Domingos Vilela de Andrade.jpg|thumb|Domingos Andrade]] Andrade samfurin matasa ne na kulob din Interclube na Angola tun yana ɗan shekara 13.<ref>"Angolan Domingos" . VerAngola</ref> Ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Sporting CP B a ranar 13 ga watan Satumba 202.<ref>"Angolano Domingos Andrade é reforço para os sub-23 do Sporting" . www.record.pt .</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == [[Fayil:Igreja São Domingos, detalhe de pintura do teto. JJ rocha, diapositivo de Antônio Luiz Dias de Andrade (Janjão), Centro de Memória - Unicamp (ALA 1.1.1.2.12.11).tif|thumb]] Andrade ya fara wasa tare da tawagar kasar Angola a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya da ci 1-1 2022 da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Libya|Libya]] a ranar 16 ga watan Nuwamba 2021.<ref>"Match Report of Libya vs Angola - 2021-11-16 - WC Qualification" . Global Sports Archive . 2021-11-16. Retrieved 2021-11-17.</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] egnqxvh3xo2yodirgj8czrgg55tazpu 0 45752 549423 498766 2024-12-01T12:06:42Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 549423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Iolanda-Pensa Dakart-eventi paralleli 2000 - allegato 2.pdf|thumb|jadawalin sunansu]] [[Fayil:Iolanda-pensa dakart lista artisti - allegato 1.pdf|thumb|hotonsu]] '''Adama Diatta''' (an Haife shi ranar 14 ga y Agustan Shekara ta1988) ɗan kokawa ne na ƴanci kuma ɗan [[Senegal]]. Ya halarci gasar tseren kilo 55 na maza a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar ta 2008. A zagaye na 16, ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Tomohiro Matsunaga daga [[Japan]]. A zagayen sake fafatawa, ɗan [[Turkiyya|ƙasar Turkiyya]] Sezar Akgul ya doke shi. Ya yi takara a Senegal a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar ta 2016 a cikin 57&nbsp;kg rabo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160922183948/https://www.rio2016.com/en/wrestling-standings-wr-mens-freestyle-57-kg</ref> Yowlys Bonne na [[Cuba]] ya doke shi a zagayen farko. Shi ne mai riƙe da tutar Senegal a lokacin rufe gasar.<ref>https://olympics.com/en/news/the-flagbearers-for-the-rio-2016-closing-ceremony</ref> Ta hanyar gasar Kokawa ta Afirka da Oceania ta shekarar ta 2021, ya sami cancantar wakiltar Senegal a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2020 a Tokyo, Japan.<ref>https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1106258/algeria-claim-four-places-at-qualifier</ref><ref>https://uww.org/sites/default/files/2021-04/final-book.pdf</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1988]] njikplrkphtgx4g0sezgjm5um645jpf 0 46054 549876 356376 2024-12-01T22:37:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549876 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Bound''''', fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya [[Najeriya|na Najeriya]] wanda aka yi a shekarar 2018, kuma Frank Rajah Arase ya ba da umarni shirin, sai [[Lilian Afegbai]] ya shirya-(produced).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-11 |title=Lilian Afegbai makes production debut with ‘Bound’ |url=https://punchng.com/lilian-afegbai-makes-production-debut-with-bound/ |access-date=2021-10-04 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Filmstarts |title=Bound (The Movie) |url=https://www.filmstarts.de/kritiken/271559.html |access-date=2021-10-04 |language=de}}</ref> Fim din ya haɗa taurari da suka haɗa da; [[Rita Dominic]] da [[Enyinna Nwigwe]] a matsayin jagororin shirin, yayin da Joyce Kalu, Nicole Banner, Duke Emmanuel, da Neye Balogun suka ba da gudummawa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2018-02-06 |title=Must Watch Trailer! Rita Dominic, Eyinna Nwigwe, Joyce Kalu star in "Bound" |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/02/must-watch-trailer-rita-dominic-eyinna-nwigwe-joyce-kalu-star-bound/ |access-date=2021-10-04 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Fim ɗin ya ta'allaka ne kacokan a kan Chinenye, wata kyakkyawar mace ƴar shekara 35, mai sana'a kuma ba ta iya yin aure ba, amma ta hadu da Elochukwu wanda su kayi soyayya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=nollywoodreinvented |date=2018-02-09 |title=COMING SOON: Bound |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2018/02/coming-soon-bound.html |access-date=2021-10-04 |website=Nollywood Reinvented |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Onuorah |first=Vivian |date=2018-04-12 |title=STAR ACTRESS LILIAN AFEGBAI PREMIERES NEW MOVIE BOUND @IMAX CINEMA |url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/star-actress-lilian-afegbai-premieres-new-movie-bound-imax-cinema/ |access-date=2021-10-04 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Enugu== An dauki fim din a Enugu, [[Najeriya]]. Fim ɗin ya yi fice a ranar 16 ga watan Maris 2018 a Filmhouse IMAX Cinema Lekki, Legas.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-17 |title=Lilian Afeghai debut movie, bound, hits the cinemas |url=https://m.guardian.ng/art/lilian-afeghai-debut-movie-bound-hits-the-cinemas/ |access-date=2021-10-04 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004072426/https://m.guardian.ng/art/lilian-afeghai-debut-movie-bound-hits-the-cinemas/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Fim ɗin ya sami ra'ayoyi daban-daban daga masu suka kuma an nuna shi a duk faɗin duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-14 |title=Star showdown as Lilian Afegbai’s ‘Bound’ premieres |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/03/star-showdown-lilian-afegbais-bound-premieres/ |access-date=2021-10-04 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> Fim din ya lashe kyautar Mafi kyawun Harshen Indigenous (Igbo) a [[2018 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|2018 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amvca-2018-tatu-banana-island-ghost-isoken-odunlade-adekola-dakore-akande-among/bcbqj3x |title="Tatu," "Banana Island Ghost," "Isoken," Odunlade Adekola, Dakore Akande among nominees |access-date=2023-04-01 |archive-date=2020-11-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119151205/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amvca-2018-tatu-banana-island-ghost-isoken-odunlade-adekola-dakore-akande-among/bcbqj3x |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://punchng.com/amvca-2018-full-list-of-winners/ |title=AMVCA 2018: Full list of winners}}</ref> == Ƴan wasa == * [[Rita Dominic]] a matsayin Chine * [[Enyinna Nwigwe]] as Elochukwu * [[Joyce Kalu]] * [[Nichole Banna]] * Duke Emmanuel * Neye Balogun * Stan K. Amandi * Prince Nwafor ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb title|tt9102506}} [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] [[Category:Fina-finan 2018]] eeykkyz2vrazubzatms5rmhippn2lrs 0 46437 549783 466646 2024-12-01T21:00:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox generic}} '''Augustus Akhabue Aikhomu''' (ranar 20 ga watan Oktoban 1939 – ranar 17 ga watan Agustan 2011) wani Admiral ne a rundunar sojojin ruwan Najeriya, wanda ya ''taɓa'' zama [[Mataimakin shugaban Kasar Najeriya|mataimakin shugaban]] [[Najeriya|ƙasar Najeriya]] a ƙarƙashin shugaban mulkin soja Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida]] daga shekarar 1986 zuwa 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igberetvnews.com/1398192/obaseki-ighodalo-others-attend-10th-memorial-anniversary-augustus-aikhomu/#forward |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-04-06 |archive-date=2023-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406105023/https://igberetvnews.com/1398192/obaseki-ighodalo-others-attend-10th-memorial-anniversary-augustus-aikhomu/#forward |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == Ya fito ne daga Idumebo-Irrua, [[Edo|Jihar Edo]],<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/08/nigerians-react-as-admiral-augustus-aikhomu-dies-72/</ref> a kudancin Najeriya. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi, Aikhomu ya shafe lokuta daban-daban na farkon rayuwarsa yana karatu a makarantar gwamnati ta Irrua, [[Yaba College of Technology|Kwalejin Fasaha ta Yaba]], Kwalejin Sojojin Ruwa na Royal Britannia da ke Dartmouth, Ingila, Long Gunnery Specialist Course, Indiya da Cibiyar Nazarin Siyasa da Dabarun ƙasa, Kuru. Najeriya.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=January 2023}} == Aikin sojan ruwa == Aikhomu ya shiga aikin sojan ruwan Najeriya a ranar 1 ga watan Disamban 1958. Ya shiga Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa a matsayin Koyarwar Artificer tare da shigarwar Series 35 a HMS Fisgard kusa da Torpoint, Gabashin Cornwall a cikin watan Janairun 1959. Ya kasance a Grenville Division a HMS Fisgard kuma da zai kammala horo na watanni 16 Sashe na 1 a ƙarshen watan Afrilun 1960. Aikhomu shi ne kwamandan, Shore Patrol Craft, kwamanda, [[NNS Dorina]], shugaban sojojin ruwa, hedkwatar sojojin ruwa, babban jami'in sojan ruwa (1983-84), kuma shugaban ma'aikatan ruwa (1984-86). == Mataimakin shugaban ƙasa kuma babban hafsan hafsoshi == Admiral Augustus ya ''taɓa'' zama [[Mataimakin shugaban Kasar Najeriya|mataimakin shugaban]] [[Najeriya|ƙasar Najeriya]] a ƙarƙashin mulkin soja Janar [[Ibrahim Babangida]] daga shekarar 1986 zuwa 1993. == Daga baya aiki == Ya kasance a lokacin shugaban kwamitin amintattu na jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party, jam'iyyar adawa a ƙasar. Aikhomu ya ba da gudummawa ga Asibitin ƙwararru na Irrua wanda ya ƙware a fannin kula da [[Lassa fever|zazzaɓin lassa]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ncdc.gov.ng/news/144/ncdc-and-isth-begin-nationwide-training-lassa-fever-management |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-04-06 |archive-date=2022-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001133217/https://ncdc.gov.ng/news/144/ncdc-and-isth-begin-nationwide-training-lassa-fever-management |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya mutu a ranar 17 ga watan Agustan 2011 yana da shekaru 71. Aikhomu ya bar matarsa, Rebecca, da ƴaƴa biyar, Mark, Eheje, Vinitha, Suzanne, da Ebi. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutuwan 2011]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Edo]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Edo]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] 838ap3zg3xtoi5fwif06ux9zo18crxm 0 46473 549420 296354 2024-12-01T12:00:46Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 549420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Ahmed Gasmi.jpg|thumb|hoton Ahmed gasmi]] [[File:20150523 Sporting Club de Paris vs Kremlin-Bicêtre United 15.jpg|thumb|Ahmed Gasmi]] '''Ahmed Gasmi''' (an haife shi a ranar 22 ga watan Nuwamba Shekara ta 1984), [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Aljeriya wanda ke taka leda a RC Kouba a gasar Ligue 2 ta Algeria.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.facebook.com/1622887684623252/photos/a.1623215501257137/3203567409888597/ |title=المهاجم أحمد قاسمي والمدافع إبراهيم بدبودة يلتحقان بتدريبات الرائد و يغلقان قائمة الإستقدامات}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Ranar 27 ga watan Yuni, 2010, Gasmi ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da JSM Béjaïa, tare da su a kan canja wuri kyauta daga USM Annaba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lebuteur.com/ligue-1/actualites/jsmb-ils-ont-signe-hier-un-contrat-dune-annee-chacun-maiza-et-gasmi-officiellement-bejaouis#ixzz19ZFTMBkW |title=JSMB : Ils ont signé hier un contrat d’une année chacun : Maïza et Gasmi officiellement Béjaouis |access-date=2010-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321094628/http://www.lebuteur.com/ligue-1/actualites/jsmb-ils-ont-signe-hier-un-contrat-dune-annee-chacun-maiza-et-gasmi-officiellement-bejaouis#ixzz19ZFTMBkW |archive-date=2012-03-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == A ranar 29 ga watan Oktoba, 2009, babban koci Abdelhak Benchikha ya kira Gasmi zuwa tawagar [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Aljeriya A|Algeria A' National Team]] a karon farko don yin atisaye na tsawon mako guda.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EN A' : Nouveau stage pour les joueurs locaux |url=http://www.dzfoot.com/news-5091/en-a-nouveau-stage-pour-les-joueurs-locaux/ |access-date=2023-04-06 |archive-date=2012-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918232008/http://www.dzfoot.com/news-5091/en-a-nouveau-stage-pour-les-joueurs-locaux/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 3 ga watan Maris, 2010, Gasmi ya fara buga wasansa na farko a hukumance ga tawagar wanda ya fara a nasara da ci 4-0 a kan Lichtenstein.<ref>[http://www.dzfoot.com/fiche-5030.php Algérie A' 4-0 Liechtenstein] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100307010708/http://www.dzfoot.com/fiche-5030.php |date=2010-03-07 }}</ref> == Girmamawa == * '''[[USM Alger]]''' ** Kofin Aljeriya: 2012–13 ** UAFA Club Cup: 2012–13 ** Super Cup na Algeria: 2013 ** Ligue 1: 2013-14 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Ahmed Gasmi at DZFoot.com (in French) * {{Soccerway|ahmed-gasmi/79705}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Aljeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1984]] du45bj0yj6ktz5p8pxug2oxb2si4r8p 0 46474 549657 242646 2024-12-01T19:01:45Z Maryamarh 29382 Gyara kalmomi da ƙa'idojin rubutu 549657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tumo Turbo,''' (23 ga Fabrairu, 1970 a lardin Sidama &#x2013; Oktoba 29, 2008) ɗan wasan tseren long-distance runner ne na Habasha, wanda ya yi nasara a gasar Marathon na farko na Prague a shekarar 1995 a 2:12:44 da Marathon Eindhoven a 1996, yana ɗaukar lokaci na 2 :11:26. Makonni 3 kacal bayan haka, ya zo matsayi na biyu a gasar Marathon na New York a shekarar 1996 a cikin 2:10:09, inda ya kare daƙiƙa 15 a bayan zakaran gasar Giacomo Leone. Turbo ya wakilci ƙasarsa ta haihuwa a gasar guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta maza a gasar Olympics ta bazara a shekarar 1996, tare da Abebe Mekonnen da [[Belayneh Dinsamo]], amma bai kammala gasar ba. Ya riƙe rikodin kwas na 2:14:56 a cikin Marathon na Tel Aviv na shekarar 1992 har zuwa 2014.<ref>"Tel Aviv Marathon" . Association of Road Racing Statisticians . Retrieved April 11, 2011.</ref> Ya rasu ne a ranar 29 ga watan Oktoba, 2008, a wani mummunan hatsarin mota da ya afku a hanyar Addis Ababa zuwa Awassa, ya kuma kashe wasu mutane 18. == Nasarorin da aka samu == {| {{AchievementTable}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing {{ETH}} |- |rowspan=2|1995 |[[Prague Marathon]] |[[Prague, Czech Republic]] |bgcolor="gold" | 1st |Marathon |2:12:44 |- |[[1995 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Gothenburg, Sweden]] |29th |Marathon |[[1995 World Championships in Athletics – Men's marathon|2:22:01]] |- |rowspan=3|1996 |[[Houston Marathon]] |[[Houston, Texas|Houston, United States]] |bgcolor="gold" | 1st |Marathon |2:10:34 |- |[[Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |[[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta, United States]] |&mdash; |Marathon |[[Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon|DNF]] |- |[[Eindhoven Marathon]] |[[Eindhoven, Netherlands]] |bgcolor="gold" | 1st |Marathon |2:11:26 |- |1996 |[[New York Marathon]] |[[New York, NY|New York City, United States]] |bgcolor="silver" | 2nd |Marathon |2:10:09 |- |1997 |[[1997 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Athens, Greece]] |&mdash; |Marathon |[[1997 World Championships in Athletics – Men's marathon|DNF]] |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{World Athletics|20114}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081101194204/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5g4ocalopuOvo0GKOoOrB2Nhd9OHw Death] * [http://www.letsrun.com/forum/flat_read.php?thread=2734815 Turbo Tumo Died... Interesting Marathon Runner from the mid 1990s] [[Category:Haifaffun 1970]] 3p9szvokmded1pr9fmlsoti6y0dleov 0 46692 549960 244215 2024-12-02T03:34:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549960 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Edmond Kossivi Apéti''' wanda ake yi wa lakabi da '''Docteur Kaolo''', ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Togo.<ref>PeoplePill PeoplePill <nowiki>https://peoplepill.com</nowiki> › news Edmond Apéti Kaolo</ref> A lokacin da yake tare da Étoile Filante, ya kai wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin zakarun nahiyar Afirka a shekarar 1968.<ref>Alchetron <nowiki>https://alchetron.com</nowiki> › Edmond-Ap... Edmond Apéti Kaolo - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia</ref> Ya buga gasar cin kofin Afrika a shekarar 1972 inda ya zura kwallaye biyu a ragar [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Mali|Mali]] a wasan farko da suka buga da Kenya.<ref>Alchetron Alchetron <nowiki>https://alchetron.com</nowiki> › Edmond-Ap... Edmond Apéti Kaolo - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia</ref> Ya rasu a wani hatsarin babur a watan Yuli a shekarar 1972. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://www.letogolais.com/article.html?nid=2753 |access-date=2023-04-08 |archive-date=2016-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822000313/http://www.letogolais.com/article.html?nid=2753 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An gudanar da gasar da sunansa a watan Agustan shekarar 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.icilome.com/?idnews=789530 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-04-08 |archive-date=2016-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806235257/http://news.icilome.com/?idnews=789530 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://www.letogolais.com/article.html?nid=2753 |access-date=2023-04-08 |archive-date=2016-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822000313/http://www.letogolais.com/article.html?nid=2753 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1946]] qz9kb1oyr5b9ib74qxyq0uil5egzf3k 0 46821 549948 272064 2024-12-02T01:42:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox generic}} '''David Emmanuel Ombugadu''' ɗan siyasar Najeriya ne wanda ya kasance ɗan majalisar wakilai a Najeriya mai wakiltar Akwanga, Wamba da Nassarawa Eggon daga shekarar 2011 zuwa 2019. Ya tsaya takarar gwamnan jihar Nasarawa a ƙarƙashin jam’iyyar PDP a zaɓen 2019. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Emmanuel Ombugadu a ranar 10 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1978. Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta LEA Kakuri a [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/2018/01/teachers-strike-nut-taskforce-locks-kaduna-schools/|title=Teachers’ strike: NUT taskforce locks Kaduna schools|website=newtelegraphonline.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-25}}{{Dead link|date=April 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ombugadu.com/about-davematics.html|title=About Davematics|website=www.ombugadu.com|language=en|access-date=2018-06-25|archive-date=2018-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810174450/http://www.ombugadu.com/about-davematics.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1995, ya halarci Kwalejin Gwamnati da ke Keffi inda ya samu takardar shaidar SSCE. Daga nan ya wuce [[Jami'ar Jos|Jami’ar Jos]] don samun digiri na farko (Bsc) a fannin tattalin arziƙi a cikin shekarar ta 2001.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigerianbiography.com/2016/03/biography-of-emmanuel-david-ombugadu.html|title=Biography of Emmanuel David Ombugadu|website=www.nigerianbiography.com|access-date=2018-06-25}}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Daga baya ya ci gaba da yin NYSC a cikin shekarar ta 2003. Ya ci gaba da yin digirinsa na biyu (Msc.) a [[Jami'ar Jihar Ribas|Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Ribas]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kyg.nigeriagovernance.org/personsInOffices/view/1360|title=NGP KYG: Hon. Davematics Ombugadu Emmanuel David|website=kyg.nigeriagovernance.org|access-date=2018-06-25}}</ref> == Sana'ar siyasa == Emmanuel Ombugadu ya kasance memba na kwamiti a cikin kwamitin masu zaman kansu da kasuwanci,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://articlesng.com/government-policy-privatization-commercialization-nigeria-economy/|title=Government Policy on Privatization And Commercialization on Nigeria Economy - ArticlesNG|date=2017-01-03|work=ArticlesNG|access-date=2018-06-25|language=en-US}}</ref> dokoki da kwamitin kasuwanci<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.informationng.com/tag/senate-committee-on-rules-and-business|title=Senate Committee on Rules and Business Archives - INFORMATION NIGERIA|work=INFORMATION NIGERIA|access-date=2018-06-25|language=en-US}}</ref> da kwamitin asusun jama'a har zuwa watan Mayun shekara ta 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.informationng.com/tag/senate-committee-on-rules-and-business|title=Senate Committee on Rules and Business Archives - INFORMATION NIGERIA|work=INFORMATION NIGERIA|access-date=2018-06-25|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.shineyoureye.org/person/david-davematics-ombugadu-emmanuel|title=Emmanuel Ombugadu :: Shine your eye|website=www.shineyoureye.org|access-date=2018-06-25}}</ref> Daga nan ya ci gaba da tafiyar da harkokinsa na siyasa inda ya tsaya takarar [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|majalisar wakilai ta Nasarrawa]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/182259-list-new-house-of-reps-members-for-nigerias-8th-national-assembly.html|title=LIST - New House of Reps Members for Nigeria's 8th National Assembly - Premium Times Nigeria|date=2015-05-02|work=Premium Times Nigeria|access-date=2018-06-25|language=en-GB}}</ref>daga shekara ta 2011 zuwa 2015<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nigerianelitesforum.com/ng/presidency-judiciary-legislative-and-policies/66706-list-of-house-of-representatives-members-2011-2015-a.html|title=List Of House of Representatives Members - 2011-2015|website=www.nigerianelitesforum.com|language=en|access-date=2018-06-25|archive-date=2016-09-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160901194701/http://www.nigerianelitesforum.com/ng/presidency-judiciary-legislative-and-policies/66706-list-of-house-of-representatives-members-2011-2015-a.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> da kuma shekara ta 2015 zuwa 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://nass.gov.ng/document/download/6545|title=HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FEDERAL REPUBLIC: OF NIGERIA VOTIES AND PROCEEDINGS|last=Yakubu|first=Dogara|date=9 June 2015|work=National Assembly Press|access-date=9 June 2015}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar wakilan Najeriya a shekara ta 2015 zuwa 2019 == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1978]] dyui218wsqggzb6wr7nrqp2n6mmjlwh 0 47338 549906 251527 2024-12-01T23:44:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox generic}} '''Christopher Musa Danjuma'''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://fdp.fifa.org/assetspublic/ce42/pdf/SquadLists-English.pdf |title=Squad List, FIFA U-20 Women’s World Cup Costa Rica 2022: Nigeria (NGA) |work=[[FIFA]] |page=14 |date=3 August 2022 |access-date=3 August 2022}}</ref> shi ne babban kocin Nasarawa Amazons a [[Gasar Firimiya ta Mata ta Najeriya|gasar Premier ta mata ta Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sl10.ng/news/articles/categories/south-africa/nasarawa-amazons-believes-the-good-times-will-come/175105 |title=Danjuma: Good Times Coming |last=admin |date=28 August 2014 |website=SL10.ng |access-date=2018-05-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/02/coach-decries-poor-foreign-transfer-female-players/ |title=Coach decries poor foreign transfer of female players |date=13 February 2018 |website=Vanguard |access-date=2018-05-01}}</ref> Tun daga cikin watan Agustan 2017, ya kasance mai horar da ƴan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata ƴan ƙasa da shekaru 20 na Najeriya sau biyu bayan shawarar da [[Hukumar kwallon kafa ta Najeriya|hukumar ƙwallon ƙafar Najeriya]] ta yi masa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/2017/08/nff-appoints-danjuma-falconets-coach/ |title=NFF appoints Danjuma as Falconets coach |last=admin |date=18 August 2017 |website=New Telegraph |access-date=2018-05-01 |archive-date=2018-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501233159/https://newtelegraphonline.com/2017/08/nff-appoints-danjuma-falconets-coach/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A baya ya taɓa horar da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Najeriya|ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Najeriya]], bayan korar Edwin Okon a cikin watan Yunin 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/edwin-okon-nff-fire-super-falcons-coach-id3919739.html |title=NFF fire Super Falcons coach |last=Dede |first=Steve |date=29 June 2015 |website=Pulse |access-date=2018-05-01 |archive-date=2018-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501225734/http://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/edwin-okon-nff-fire-super-falcons-coach-id3919739.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://guardian.ng/news/falcons-coach-apologises-to-nigerians-applauds-nff-for-support/ |title=Falcons’ coach apologises to Nigerians, applauds NFF for support |date=22 September 2015 |website=Guardian |access-date=2018-05-01}}</ref> An sauke shi daga muƙaminsa bayan Wasannin Afirka na 2015, tare da [[Florence Omagbemi]] daga baya ta zama aikin gudanarwa a cikin watan Fabrairun 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/i-remain-best-man-for-super-falcons-job-danjuma/ |title=I remain best man for Super Falcons job – Danjuma |last=Opara |first=Jude |date=23 September 2016 |website=Vanguard |access-date=2018-05-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dailypost.ng/2016/02/18/omagbemi-named-interim-coach-of-super-falcons/ |title=Omagbemi named interim coach of Super Falcons |last=Inyang |first=Ifreke |date=18 February 2016 |website=Dailypost |access-date=2018-05-01}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] fvgv8c094fz7mdsluh36es84o0h0fzo 0 48055 550113 252814 2024-12-02T08:02:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550113 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:20140301-IMG_2325_(12885985534).jpg|thumb|Masu halartar Cape Town Pride 2014 sun yi zanga-zanga don tallafawa haƙƙin LGBT a Najeriya.]] Maɗigo, Luwaɗi, bisexual, da canza halitta (LGBT) mutane a '''Najeriya''' suna fuskantar ƙalubalen shari'a da zamantakewa waɗanda ba mazauna LGBT ba suka fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bourbeau |first=Heather |date=December 2019 |title=Human Rights |url=https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/1250681/download |journal=Shari'ah Criminal Law in Northern Nigeria |pages=p=39 |via=justice.gov |access-date=2023-05-05 |archive-date=2022-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404102814/https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/1250681/download |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ana keta haƙƙin LGBT gabaɗaya kuma luwadi ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a Najeriya kuma ana iya hukunta shi da shekaru 14 a kurkuku a cikin tsarin kotun al'ada. Babu kariya ta doka ga haƙƙin LGBT a [[Najeriya]] da ke da ra'ayin mazan jiya fiye da mutane miliyan 225, sun rabu tsakanin yawancin Musulmai a arewa da kuma yawancin Krista a kudu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nigeria/|title=The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency|website=www.cia.gov|date=20 October 2022 }}</ref> Mutane kalilan na LGBT ne ke budewa game da yanayin jima'i, saboda tashin hankali a kansu yana faruwa akai-akai. Yawancin 'yan Najeriya na LGBTQ suna guduwa zuwa ƙasashe masu ci gaba don neman kariya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/gist/metro/from-near-death-to-detention-here-is-edafe-okporos-story-id8580707.html|title=From near death to detention in USA, this is the story of LGBTQ+ activist Edafe Okporo|last=Tayo|first=Ayomide O.|access-date=29 November 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=25 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181125204536/https://www.pulse.ng/gist/metro/from-near-death-to-detention-here-is-edafe-okporos-story-id8580707.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dangantakar jima'i ta jinsi guda ba bisa ka'ida ba ce a Najeriya. Matsakaicin hukunci a cikin jihohin arewa 12 da suka karɓi dokar Shari'a shine mutuwa ta hanyar dutse. Wannan dokar ta shafi dukkan Musulmai da wadanda suka yarda da son rai don aiwatar da kotunan Shari'a. A kudancin [[Najeriya]] da kuma karkashin dokokin aikata laifuka na arewacin Najeriya, matsakaicin hukunci don yin jima'i na jinsi ɗaya shine ɗaurin shekaru 14. Dokar hana auren jinsi guda ta haramta duk wani nau'i na auren jinsi guda da auren jinsi guda a duk fadin kasar. Dangane da 2007 Pew Global Attitudes Project, kashi 97% na mazaunan Najeriya sun yi imanin cewa [[Jima'in jinsi|luwadi]] hanya ce ta rayuwa da bai kamata al'umma ta yarda da ita ba, wanda shine na biyu mafi girma na rashin yarda a cikin ƙasashe 45 da aka bincika.<ref>The number of adults (all were at least 18 years of age) surveyed in Nigeria was 1,128, yielding a margin of error of 3 percent with a 95 percent confidence level.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, wani binciken da wata kungiya ta kafa ta wani dan gwagwarmayar ɗan luwaɗi na Najeriya da ke zaune a London ya yi ikirarin cewa wannan kashi ya ragu zuwa kashi 94%. A cikin wannan binciken da [[Bisi Alimi]] ya yi, a wannan lokacin yawan 'yan Najeriya da suka yarda da cewa ya kamata mutanen LGBT su sami ilimi, kiwon lafiya, da gidaje ya kai kashi 30%.<ref>Alimi, Adebisi. </ref> Matsayin rashin amincewa ya ragu dan kadan zuwa 91% a wani binciken Cibiyar Bincike ta Pew a cikin 2019.<ref name="pew2019">{{cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/06/25/global-divide-on-homosexuality-persists/|title="The Global Divide on Homosexuality Persists"|date=25 June 2020 |access-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701105248/https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/06/25/global-divide-on-homosexuality-persists/|archive-date=1 July 2022}}</ref> == Shari'a na jima'i na jinsi ɗaya == === Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya === ==== Dokar aikata laifuka ==== ===== Dokar Laifuka ta Tarayya a duk jihohin kudanci ===== Ayyukan jima'i tsakanin maza ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a ƙarƙashin Dokar Laifuka wanda ya shafi kudancin Najeriya kuma yana ɗauke da matsakaicin hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru 14 a kurkuku. Ba a ambaci ayyukan jima'i tsakanin mata musamman a cikin lambar ba, kodayake ana iya jayayya cewa kalmar "mutum" a cikin Sashe na 214 na lambar ta haɗa da mata. Babi na 21 na wannan lambar ya ba da wani bangare mai dacewa kamar haka:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeria-law.org/Criminal%20Code%20Act-PartIII-IV.htm#Chapter%2021|title=Chapter 21, Nigerian Criminal Code|access-date=1 March 2012|archive-date=20 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170720114346/http://www.nigeria-law.org/Criminal%20Code%20Act-PartIII-IV.htm#Chapter%2021|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Sashe na 214. <blockquote>Duk wani mutum wanda ke da ilimin jiki na kowane mutum a kan tsari na yanayi; ko (c) ya ba da izinin namiji ya sami ilimin jiki game da shi ko ita a kan tsari ya halitta; yana da laifi, kuma yana da alhakin ɗaurin shekaru goma sha huɗu.</blockquote> * Sashe na 215. <blockquote>Duk mutumin da ya yi ƙoƙari ya aikata duk wani laifi da aka bayyana a cikin sashe na ƙarshe da ya gabata yana da laifi kuma yana da alhakin ɗaurin shekaru bakwai. Ba za a iya kama mai laifin ba tare da takardar shaidar ba.</blockquote> * Sashe na 217. Duk wani namiji wanda, ko a fili ko a sirri, ya aikata duk wani mummunan lalata tare da wani namiji, ko kuma ya sayi wani namiji don yin duk wani mummunan mummunan lalata tare tare da shi, ko ƙoƙarin samun aikin kowane namiji tare da kansa ko tare da wani mutum namiji, yo a fili ko sirri, yana da laifi kuma yana da alhakin ɗaurin shekaru uku. Ba za a iya kama mai laifin ba tare da takardar shaidar ba. ===== Dokar Shari'a ta Tarayya a duk jihohin arewa ===== Sashe na 284 na Dokar Shari'a (Jami'o'in Arewa) Dokar Tsaro ta Tarayya, wanda ya shafi dukkan jihohin arewacin Najeriya, ya ba da cewa:<blockquote>Duk wanda ya yi jima'i na jiki ba bisa ka'idar yanayi ba tare da kowane mutum, mace ko dabba za a hukunta shi da ɗaurin kurkuku na tsawon lokaci wanda zai iya kaiwa shekaru goma {{Rp|page: 69}} huɗu kuma zai kasance da alhakin tarar.: shafi: 69  Sashe na 405 ya ba da cewa namiji wanda ke sanye da ko kuma yana sanye da salon mace a wurin jama'a ko wanda ke yin sodomy a matsayin hanyar rayuwa ko kuma a matsayin sana'a shine "mai yawo". A karkashin Sashe na 407, hukuncin shine matsakaicin shekara guda a kurkuku ko tarar, ko duka biyun.: shafi: 126<ref name="Ostien" />  Sashe na 405 ya kuma bayar da cewa "mai yawo mai banƙyama" shine "duk mutumin da bayan an yanke masa hukunci a matsayin mai yawo ya aikata kowane laifi wanda zai sa ya sake yanke masa hukunci kamar haka".: {{Rp|page: 128}}: 127 Hukuncin da ke ƙarƙashin Sashe na 408 shine matsakaicin shekaru biyu na ɗaurin kurkuku ko tarar, ko duka biyu.: shafi: 128 ===== Shari'a dokar da wasu jihohin arewa suka kafa ===== Jihohi goma sha biyu na arewa sun karɓi wani nau'i na Shari'a a cikin ka'idojin aikata laifuka: [[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]], [[Borno]], [[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]], [[Jigawa]], [[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]], [[Kano (jiha)|Kano]], [[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]], [[Kebbi]], [[Neja|Nijar]], [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]], [[Yobe]], da [[Zamfara]]. Shari'ar Shari'a ta {{Rp|page: 45}} wadanda suka yarda da ikon kotunan Shari'a da kuma dukkan Musulmai.: shafi: 45  ====== Ma'anar sodomy ====== A cikin jihohin Kaduna da Yobe, "sodomy" ana aikata shi ne ta hanyar "[wanda] ya kasance yana da jima'i na hanci tare da kowane mutum". A cikin jihohin Kano da Katsina, "sodomy" ana aikata shi ne ta hanyar "[wanda] ke da jima'i na jiki bisa ka'idar yanayi tare da kowane mutum ko mace ta hanyar madaidaiciyarta". A cikin jihohin Bauchi, Gombe, Jigawa, Sokoto, da Zamfara, "sodomy" ana aikata {{Rp|page: 69}} ne ta hanyar "[wannan] yana da jima'i na jiki game da tsarin yanayi tare da kowane mutum ko mace".: shafi: 69  ====== Hukunce-hukunce don laifin sodomy ====== A cikin jihohin Gombe, Jigawa, Zamfara, da Kano, mutumin da bai yi aure ba wanda ya aikata laifin sodomy za a hukunta shi da "caning na ɗari" da kuma ɗaurin kurkuku na tsawon shekara guda. Idan an yi aure, hukuncin kisa don yin sodomy shine kisa ta hanyar dutse (rajm). A Kano, mutuwa ta hanyar dutse ta shafi idan mutum ya riga ya yi aure.: :70 A cikin jihar Bauchi, mutumin da ya aikata laifin sodomy za a hukunta {{Rp|page: 70}} da dutse har zuwa mutuwa (rajm) ko ta kowace hanya da jihar ta yanke shawarar.: shafi: 70  A cikin jihohin Kaduna, Katsina, Kebbi, da Yobe, mutumin da ya aikata laifin sodomy za a hukunta {{Rp|page: 70}} da dutse har zuwa mutuwa (rajm).: shafi: 70  A cikin jihar Sokoto, mutumin da ya aikata laifin sodomy za a hukunta shi da dutse har zuwa mutuwa. Idan ƙarami ya aikata aikin a kan babba, ƙaramin yana fuskantar hukunci na gyara kuma babba yana fuskantar hukunci ta hanyar ta'azir wanda zai iya kaiwa ga bulala 100.: {{Rp|70}} A Sokoto, ta'azur yana nufin hukunci na hankali don laifin da ba a bayyana hukuncinsa ba.: shafi: 53  ====== Ma'anar lesbianism ====== A cikin jihohin Bauchi, Gombe, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto, Yobe, da Zamfara, 'yan mata ne ke aikata mata ta hanyar "[wannan, kasancewa mace, ya shiga wata mace cikin jima'i ta hanyar jima'i ko ta hanyar motsawa ko farin ciki na jima'i na juna. " Bauchi, Jigawa, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto, Yobe da Zamfara sun haɗa da bayanin hukuma mai zuwa: "an aikata laifin ne ta hanyar haɗuwa da gabobin jima'i na mata da / ko ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyi na halitta ko na wucin gadi don motsawa ko samun gamsuwa ta jima'i ko farin ciki". Page: 71 ====== Hukunce-hukunce don laifin lesbianism ====== A cikin jihohin Gombe, Jigawa, Kebbi, Sokoto, Yobe, Zamfara, da Bauchi, mutumin da aka same shi da laifi na aikata wannan laifi zai fuskanci hukunci ta hanyar caning wanda zai iya kaiwa har zuwa bulala hamsin. Bugu da ƙari, duk wani mutumin da aka yanke masa hukuncin aikata 'yan mata suna fuskantar ɗaurin kurkuku har zuwa watanni shida, {{Rp|page: 71}} dai a Bauchi, inda ɗaurin kurkukun zai iya kaiwa shekaru biyar.: shafi: 71  A cikin jihar Kaduna, azabtarwa don aikata laifin lesbianism {{Rp|page: 53}}ne ta'azir, wanda ke nufin "duk wani hukunci da ba a bayar da shi ta hanyar hadd ko qisas ba".: {{Rp|page: 54}}: 53 "Hadd" yana nufin " azabtarwa da dokar Musulunci ta gyara".: shafi na: 54 "Qisas" ya haɗa da " azabtar da aka yi wa masu laifi ta hanyar ramawa don haifar da mutuwa / rauni ga mutum".: shafi<ref name="Ostien" /><ref name="Ostien" />  A cikin jihohin Kano da Katsina, azabtarwa don aikata laifin lesbianism shine dutse har zuwa mutuwa.: shafi: 71  ====== Ma'anar mummunan lalata ====== A cikin jihar Kaduna, mutum yana yin mummunan lalata idan sun fallasa kansu tsirara a fili ko kuma su yi wasu ayyukan da suka danganci irin wannan yanayin waɗanda ke iya lalata halin jama'a. A cikin jihohin Kano da Katsina, ma'anar mummunar lalata daidai yake da jihar Kaduna, duk da haka, dokar ta haɗa da sumba a fili. A cikin jihar Gombe, mutum yana aikata mummunan lalata ta hanyar aikata "duk wani laifi na jima'i da ya saba wa dabi'un al'ada ko na al'ada". Jihohin Bauchi, Jigawa, Kebbi, Sokoto, Yobe, da Zamfara ba su bayyana mummunan lalata ba. Dokokinsu a maimakon haka sun ce: "Duk wanda ya aikata mummunan lalata ga mutumin wani ba tare da yardarsa ba ko ta hanyar amfani da karfi ko barazana ya tilasta mutum ya shiga tare da {{Rp|page: 71}} a cikin aikin irin wannan aikin za a hukunta shi".: shafi: 71  ====== Hukunce-hukunce don cin zarafin mummunar lalata ====== Mutumin da ya aikata laifin mummunar lalata "za a hukunta shi da caning wanda zai iya kaiwa har zuwa bulala arba'in kuma yana iya zama alhakin ɗaurin kurkuku na tsawon lokaci wanda bai wuce shekara ɗaya ba kuma yana iya kasancewa alhakin tarar". A cikin jihar Bauchi, ɗaurin kurkuku na iya ɗaukar tsawon shekaru bakwai. A cikin jihar Kaduna, azabtarwa don aikata laifin mummunar lalata shine ta'azir, wanda ke nufin "duk wani hukunci da ba a bayar ba ta hanyar hadd ko qisas".: {{Rp|page: 54}}: 53 "Hadd" yana nufin " azabtarwa da dokar Musulunci ta gyara".: shafi na: 54 "Qisas" ya haɗa da " azabtar da aka yi wa masu laifi ta hanyar ramawa don haifar da mutuwa / rauni ga mutum".: shafi<ref name="Ostien" /><ref name="Ostien" />  A cikin jihar Sokoto, mutumin da ya aikata laifin mummunar lalata "za a hukunta {{Rp|page: 71}} da caning wanda zai iya kaiwa har zuwa bulala arba'in ko kuma zai iya zama da alhakin ɗaurin kurkuku na tsawon lokaci wanda bai wuce shekara ɗaya ba, ko duka biyun, kuma yana iya zama da la'akari da tarar".: shafi: 71  ====== Ma'anar mai yawo da mai yawo wanda ba za a iya gyara shi ba ====== A cikin jihohin Bauchi, Gombe, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto, Yobe, da Zamfara, ana ɗaukar namiji a matsayin mai yawo idan sun yi ado kamar mace a wurin jama'a ko kuma wanda ke yin sodomy a matsayin hanyar aiki ko sana'a.: shafi: 127  A cikin jihohin Kano da Katsina, sun bayyana mace a matsayin mai yawo a matsayin mace da ke sanye da tufafin namiji ko kuma tana sanye da namiji a wurin jama'a.: shafi: 127  A cikin jihohin Bauchi, Gombe, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto, Yobe, da Zamfara, wani "marasa yawo" shine duk wanda ya sake nunawa a matsayin mai yawo bayan an riga an yanke masa hukunci a matsayin ɗaya.: shafi: 127  ====== Hukunce-hukunce don kasancewa mai yawo ko mai yawo wanda ba za a iya gyara shi ba ====== A cikin jihohin Bauchi, Gombe, Jigawa, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto, Yobe, da Zamfara, mutumin da aka yanke masa hukunci a matsayin mai yawo yana fuskantar ɗaurin kurkuku har zuwa shekara guda kuma yana da caning har zuwa bulala talatin. A cikin jihar Kano, ɗaurin kurkuku bazai wuce watanni takwas ba kuma caning na iya kaiwa zuwa bulala talatin da biyar.: shafi: 127  A cikin jihar Kaduna, hukuncin da aka yanke masa hukunci a matsayin mai yawo ko kuma a matsayin mai ba da izini ba {{Rp|page: 127, 129}} da gyarawa shine ta'azir,: {{Rp|page: 53}}: 127, {{Rp|page: 127, 129}} wanda ke nufin "duk wani hukunci da ba a bayar ta hanyar hadd ko qisas ba".: shafi: 53 "Hadd" yana nufin "hukuncin da dokar Musulunci ta gyara".: {{Rp|page: 54}} "Qisas" ya haɗa da "hukunce-hukuncen da aka yi wa masu laifi ta hanyar ramawa don haifar da mutuwa / rauni ga mutum".: shafi<ref name="Ostien" /><ref name="Ostien" /><ref name="Ostien" />  A cikin jihohin Gombe, Jigawa, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto, Yobe, da Zamfara, mutumin da aka yanke masa hukunci a matsayin mai yawo wanda ba za a iya gyara {{Rp|page: 128}} ba yana fuskantar ɗaurin kurkuku har zuwa shekaru biyu kuma caning ya kai har zuwa bulala hamsin.: {{Rp|page: 129}}: 128 A cikin jihar Bauchi, caning ba zai iya wuce bulala arba'in ba, kuma a cikin jihar Kano, ɗaurin kurkukun bazai wuce shekara ɗaya ba.: shafi: 129<ref name="Ostien" />  ===== Dokar aikata laifuka ta duniya da wasu jihohin arewa suka kafa ===== ====== Ayyukan jima'i na jinsi ɗaya ====== A cikin jihar Bormo, mutumin da "ya shiga cikin ... lesbianism, aikin ɗan luwaɗi ... a cikin Jiha ya aikata laifi". Mutumin da "ya shiga cikin jima'i da wani mutum na jinsi ɗaya za a hukunta shi da mutuwa".: shafuka: 199ā200  ====== Maza suna kwaikwayon halayyar mata ====== A cikin jihar Kano, mutumin da "ya kasance namiji wanda ke aiki, nuna hali ko yin ado a hanyar da ke kwaikwayon halin halayyar mata zai zama da laifi kuma a kan yanke hukunci, za a yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin shekara 1 ko tarar N10,000 ko duka biyun".: shafi: 202  == Sanar da dangantakar jinsi guda == A ranar 18 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2007, majalisar ministocin Najeriya ta amince da Dokar Aure na Jima'i (Hakkatar da) na shekara ta 2006 kuma ta tura shi ga [[Majalisar Najeriya|Majalisar Dokoki]] don daukar mataki na gaggawa. Kudin, duk da haka, bai wuce ba.<ref group="Note">The bill would have: </ref> A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 2011, [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya]] ta zartar da "Bill na Aure na Jima'i (Hakkatarwa), 2011". [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|Majalisar Wakilai ta Najeriya]] ta zartar da lissafin a ranar 30 ga Mayu 2013. Idan Shugaba [[Goodluck Jonathan]] ya sanya hannu a cikin doka, lissafin zai kasance:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fulcrum-anglican.org.uk/news/2006/20061121radner.cfm?doc=167#appendix|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612181026/http://www.fulcrum-anglican.org.uk/news/2006/20061121radner.cfm?doc=167|url-status=dead|title="Appendix: A Bill for an Act To Make Provisions for the Prohibition of Sexual Relationship Between Persons of the Same Sex, Celebration of Marriage By Them And For Other Matters Connected Therewith", reprinted in "Human Rights, Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion: Reflections in Light of Nigeria", ''Fulcrum: Renewing the Evangelical Centre'', authored by Ephraim Radner and Andrew Goddard|archive-date=12 June 2008}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2014, shugaban Najeriya, [[Goodluck Jonathan]], ya sanya hannu kan dokar haramtacciyar auren jinsi guda, wanda majalisa ta zartar a watan Mayu shekara ta 2013. Dokar ta bi irin wannan wanda aka zartar a Uganda a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, wanda ke sanya ɗaurin rai da rai ga wasu nau'ikan ayyukan ɗan luwaɗi. == Tsaro na nuna bambanci == Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tarayyar Najeriya ba ya kare haƙƙin LGBT musamman, amma yana dauke da tanadi daban-daban da ke tabbatar da haƙƙin daidaito ga dukkan 'yan ƙasa (Sashe na 17((((a)) da sauran haƙƙoƙi, gami da isasshen kiwon lafiya da kiwon lafiya (Sashe 17((3)d)) da daidaito damar a wurin aiki (Sashewar 17((A)).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeria-law.org/ConstitutionOfTheFederalRepublicOfNigeria.htm|title=Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria|website=www.nigeria-law.org}}</ref> Babu wata doka da aka kafa don karewa daga nuna bambanci ko cin zarafi bisa ga yanayin jima'i ko asalin jinsi. Babu wani jam'iyyun siyasa a Najeriya da ya amince da haƙƙin LGBT a hukumance. Biyu daga cikin jam'iyyun siyasa da suka fi cin nasara a Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa, [[Peoples Democratic Party|Jam'iyyar Demokradiyyar]] Jama'a da Jam'iyyar All Nigeria Peoples Party, suna adawa da haƙƙin LGBT. Ƙananan, jam'iyyun siyasa masu sassaucin ra'ayi sun kuma yi magana game da haƙƙin LGBT. == Yanayin rayuwa == Ana ɗaukar Najeriya ƙasa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya. An nuna ƙiyayya ta jama'a game da dangantakar jinsi ɗaya. Baya ga hukuncin shari'a,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hancock|first=Edith|title=The 25 most conservative, intolerant, and polluted countries in the world|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-most-conservative-countries-in-the-world-2017-1|access-date=2021-04-10|website=Business Insider}}</ref> 'yan ƙasa masu luwadi a bayyane suna fuskantar tashin hankali da tashin hankali na jama'a.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2016-10-20|title="Tell Me Where I Can Be Safe"|url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2016/10/20/tell-me-where-i-can-be-safe/impact-nigerias-same-sex-marriage-prohibition-act|access-date=2021-04-10|website=Human Rights Watch|language=en}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga Satumba 2008, jaridu huɗu sun buga sunayen da adiresoshin mambobi goma sha biyu na House of rainbow Metropolitan Church, cocin LGBT-friendly a Legas. Wasu daga cikin wadannan mambobin sun yi barazana, sun yi musu duka kuma sun jajjefe su da duwatsu. Bayan wadannan abubuwan da suka faru cocin ya soke taron saboda damuwa game da lafiyar masu halarta.: A watan Agustan 2007, 'yan sanda na jihar Bauchi sun kama maza goma sha takwas kuma sun tuhume su da sodomy don yin ado kamar mata, wanda ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a karkashin dokar Shari'a.<ref name="2010 HRR">{{cite web|title=''2010 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Nigeria'', Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, page 58|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/160138.pdf}}</ref> <ref name="2011 Report">{{cite web|title=''2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Nigeria'', Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/186441.pdf}}</ref> Daga baya aka sauke waɗannan zarge-zargen zuwa yawo, kuma an tsare mutanen a kurkuku na shekaru da yawa suna jiran shari'ar da ta ƙare a ƙarshen 2011.<ref name="2011 Report" />  Wasu kungiyoyi a Najeriya suna ƙoƙarin taimakawa mutanen LGBT, kamar Ikklisiyoyin Metropolitan Community. Haɗin kai tare da waɗannan kungiyoyi na iya sanya mutane cikin haɗarin tashin hankali ko cin zarafi.<ref name="2008 HRR">{{cite web|title=2008 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Nigeria|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2008/af/119018.htm|publisher=Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State}}</ref> Rahoton 'Yancin Dan Adam na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka na 2011 ya gano,: {{Rp|50}} <blockquote>Saboda yaduwar tabo na al'umma game da luwadi, mutane kalilan ne suka bayyana a bayyane yadda suke. [kungiyoyin da ba na gwamnati ba]... 'Yancin Duniya da The Independent Project sun ba da' yan mata, gay, bisexual, da kuma kungiyoyin transgender (LGBT) tare da shawarwari da horo a cikin bayar da shawarwari, alhakin kafofin watsa labarai, da wayar da kan jama'a game da cutar HIV / AIDS. </blockquote>A ranar 15 ga Afrilu 2017, hukumomi a jihar [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]] sun kama mutane 53 saboda zargin da ake yi makirci don halartar bikin auren jinsi guda. An tuhumi wadanda ake tuhuma da makirci, taron da ba bisa ka'ida ba, da kuma kasancewa cikin wata ƙungiya ba bisa ka-ida ba. [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] ta kama mutane 42 saboda luwadi a watan Agusta 2017. A watan Yunin 2018, 'yan sanda na Najeriya sun kama fiye da mutane 100 da ke halartar jam'iyya a wani otal a Asaba, [[Delta (jiha)|Jihar Delta]], kan zargin cewa su 'yan luwadi ne da' yan mata. A watan Yulin 2018, suna fuskantar tuhumar da suka shafi luwadi a kotu. A watan Janairun 2019, Dolapo Badmos, mai magana da yawun rundunar 'yan sanda ta jihar Legas, ya gargadi masu luwadi su tsere daga kasar ko kuma su fuskanci tuhuma. Ta bayyana a cikin wani sakon [[Instagram]]: Duk wani mutumin da ke da alaƙa da luwadi ya kamata ya bar Najeriya ko kuma ya fuskanci fuskantar fuskantar gurfanar da shi. Dolapo Badmos ya ci gaba da bayyana cewa akwai dokoki a Najeriya da ke hana kungiyoyin 'yan luwadi, ƙungiyoyi da kungiyoyi inda duk wanda aka samu yana da alaƙa da waɗannan za a iya hukunta shi har zuwa shekaru 15 a kurkuku.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/leave-nigeria-now-or-suffer-police-tell-homosexuals/|title=Leave Nigeria now or suffer, police tell homosexuals|website=Punch Newspapers|date=22 January 2019 |language=en-US|access-date=23 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theweek.co.uk/99188/nigerian-police-chief-says-gay-people-should-leave-country|title=Nigerian police chief says gay people 'should leave country'|website=The Week UK|language=en|access-date=21 August 2019}}</ref> === Jakadan Najeriya ga ra'ayoyin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya === A cikin wata sanarwa mai kwanan wata 19 ga Satumba 2006, jakadan Najeriya a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, [https://www.profohmed.org/board/joseph-ayalogu/ Joseph Ayalogu], ya bayyana cewa, "Tunanin cewa kisa don laifuka kamar luwadi da lesbianism ... ya wuce gona da iri yana da hukunci maimakon manufa. Abin da wasu za su iya gani a matsayin hukunci mara daidaituwa a cikin irin waɗannan manyan laifuka da halayyar ƙyama wasu na iya ganin su a matsayin hukunci mai dacewa da adalci. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/document/?indexNumber=pol30%2f003%2f2008&language=en|title=Document|website=www.amnesty.org|language=en|access-date=21 August 2019}}</ref> == Tebur ta taƙaitaccen bayani == {| class="wikitable" |Same-sex sexual activity legal |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]]/[[File:Skull_and_crossbones.svg|15x15px|No]] (Penalty: Up to death in Shari'a states; up to 14 years imprisonment in non-Shari'a states) |- |Equal age of consent |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Anti-discrimination laws in employment only |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (Incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech) |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Same-sex marriages |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Recognition of same-sex couples |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Step-child adoption by same-sex couples |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Joint adoption by same-sex couples |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Gays and lesbians allowed to serve openly in the military |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Right to change legal gender |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] Crossdressing is illegal in 12 states in Northern Nigeria. |- |Access to IVF for lesbians |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |- |MSMs allowed to donate blood |[[File:X_mark.svg|17x17px|No]] |} == Bayani == <references group="Note" responsive="1"></references> [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 300on3tvd0ts9ws3sfrtt7grzwhiei6 0 48973 549538 258313 2024-12-01T16:58:38Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549538 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Klipvoor_dam.jpg|left|thumb| Kogin Klipvoor Dam]] {{databox}} [[Fayil:Klipvoordamwal, Pienaarsrivier, Borakalalo-wildreservaat, a.jpg|thumb|Dam ɗin Klipvoor]] '''Dam ɗin Klipvoor,''' wani dam ne mai nau'in nauyi na kankare da ke kan Kogin Moretele, 55&nbsp;km arewa da Brits, Arewa maso Yamma, [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . An kafa shi a shekara ta 1970. <ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm List of South African Dams] from the [[Department of Water Affairs]]</ref> Babban maƙasudin gina madatsar ruwan shi ne yin aikin ban ruwa kuma an sanya yuwuwar haɗarinsa a matsayi na uku (3). Dam ɗin Klipvoor yana ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan wuraren kamun kifi na Borakalalo Game Reserve, dake arewacin dam.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.footprinttravelguides.com/africa-middle-east/south-africa/north-west-province/eastern-region/borakalalo-game-reserve/ |title=Borakalalo Game Reserve |access-date=2012-04-12 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130123194846/http://www.footprinttravelguides.com/africa-middle-east/south-africa/north-west-province/eastern-region/borakalalo-game-reserve/ |archive-date=2013-01-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu|Jerin tafki da madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu]] * [[Jerin sunayen koguna na Afirka ta Kudu]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://archive.today/20130421230044/http://www.parksnorthwest.co.za/borakalalo/accommodation.html Borakalalo Accommodation] 09epwcpgrccqg3db6ewys5vbkxm1wgc 0 48996 549915 520516 2024-12-01T23:57:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu ta Legas''' kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce ke inganta muradun 'yan kasuwa a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas, Najeriya]] . Yana ba da dandamali ga 'yan kasuwa don bayyana ra'ayoyinsu da damuwarsu game da dokoki ko wasu matakan da suka shafi kasuwanci, masana'antu, kasuwanci, da noma. Kungiyar ta kuma wakilci ra'ayoyin 'yan kasuwar Legas kan tattalin arzikin kasa baki daya. Babban burinsa shi ne tallafawa ci gaba da nasarar kasuwanci a Legas ta hanyar ba da shawarwari don bukatunsu da samar da albarkatu da tallafi. Yana Kuma alfahari da mambobi sama da 1,500 tare da Babban Darakta na yanzu shine Chinyere Almona.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeremiah |first=Urowayino |date=2021-07-02 |title=LCCI: Almona emerges new DG as Muda Yusuf retires |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/07/lcci-almona-emerges-new-dg-as-muda-yusuf-retires/ |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> An kafa shi a ranar 5 ga Disamban shekara ta 1888, an haɗa shi a cikinshekara ta 1950 a matsayin ƙungiya mai zaman kanta, Garanti mai iyaka a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kamfanoni na 1948. Cibiyar Kasuwancin Legas ita ce cibiyar kasuwanci ta farko a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|title=About The Chamber|url=http://www.lagoschamber.com/profile-of-the-lcci/|website=Lagos Chamber Of Commerce & Industry|accessdate=9 July 2015|archive-date=6 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906000204/http://www.lagoschamber.com/profile-of-the-lcci/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Babban gininsa na Commerce House wanda ke da ofisoshi yana cikin Victoria Island, inda galibin kamfanonin Najeriya ke da hedikwatarsu ta kasa.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Lagos Chamber Of Commerce And Industry (LCCI )|url=http://www.vconnect.com/the-lagos-chamber-of-commerce-and-industry-lcci-eti_osa-lagos_b239701|website=VConnect|accessdate=9 July 2015|archive-date=10 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710205026/http://www.vconnect.com/the-lagos-chamber-of-commerce-and-industry-lcci-eti_osa-lagos_b239701|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Chamber Awards == Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu ta Legas ta gabatar da lambar yabo ta Chamber a cikin 2014 don ganewa, haɓakawa da kuma bikin cibiyoyi masu zaman kansu da na jama'a da ke aiki a Najeriya don mafi kyawun ayyukan kasuwanci, haɓaka ta hanyar sabbin abubuwa, dorewar kasuwanci da tasiri mai kyau ga mutane / Al'umma. An ba da lambar yabo ga kamfanoni a cikin masana'antu masu zuwa - Bankin, Inshora, Gudanar da Fansho, Biyan E-Biyan, Ilimi, Watsa Labaru, Sabis na Ƙwararru, Kiwon Lafiya, Mai & Gas, Masana'antu, Kasuwancin Kasuwanci / Kasuwanci, Gine-gine & Gine-gine da SMEs. Ga lambar yabo ta 2015, Beat 99.9 FM a kan iska, Olisa Adibua da Rhythm 93.7 FM on-air person & celebrity vlogger, Toke Makinwa an zaba a matsayin wanda ya karbi bakuncin lambar yabo ta 2015 Lagos Chambers of Commerce & Industry (LCCI).<ref>{{cite web|title=2015 Lagos Chamber of Commerce & Industry Awards: Olisa Adibua & Toke Makinwa to host prestigious ceremony|url=http://pulse.ng/events/2015-lagos-chamber-of-commerce-industry-awards-olisa-adibua-toke-makinwa-to-host-prestigious-ceremony-id3971098.html|website=Pulse|accessdate=15 July 2015|archive-date=15 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715172941/http://pulse.ng/events/2015-lagos-chamber-of-commerce-industry-awards-olisa-adibua-toke-makinwa-to-host-prestigious-ceremony-id3971098.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Baje kolin Kasuwancin Duniya == Kungiyar ‘yan kasuwa da masana’antu ta Legas ta shahara wajen [[Kasuwar Baje Kolin Duniya ta Legas|baje kolin kasuwanci na kasa da kasa na Legas]] duk shekara wanda aka kaddamar a shekarar 1977. An ce shi ne bikin baje kolin kasuwanci mafi girma a yankin Afirka ta Yamma kuma yana jan hankalin masu zuba jari daga wasu sassan duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=LCCI announces date for Lagos International Trade Fair |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/489692-lcci-announces-date-for-lagos-international-trade-fair.html |access-date=2023-03-10 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> An gudanar da bikin baje kolin ne a dandalin Tafawa Balewa da ke Onikan a tsibirin Legas. == Jakadu == A watan Oktoba 2014, Legas Chamber of Commerce ya bayyana [[2Baba|2face Idibia]], [[Brymo]], Vector da Kunle Afolayan a matsayin jakadu. An bayyana masu ba da nishadi ne a yayin wani gagarumin biki da aka yi a gidan kasuwanci, wanda ke kan titin Idowu Taylor a Victoria Island, Legas.<ref>{{cite web|title=2face, Kunle Afolayan, Vector and Brymo unveiled as Lagos Chamber of Commerce ambassadors|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/10/2face-kunle-afolayan-vector-and-brymo-unveiled-as-lagos-chamber-of-commerce-ambassadors/|website=NET|accessdate=9 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601115758/http://thenet.ng/2014/10/2face-kunle-afolayan-vector-and-brymo-unveiled-as-lagos-chamber-of-commerce-ambassadors/|archive-date=1 June 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Nassoshi == [[Category:Lagos (jiha)]] mtmomda9huh1yjr18oxcvbal240cc9q 0 50232 549893 542880 2024-12-01T23:18:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549893 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chantal Joffe''' RA (an Haife ta 5 Oktoba 1969) 'yar ƙasar Amurka 'yar wasan fasaha ne na Ingilishi wanda ke zaune a Landan.<ref name="RA">Royal Academy of Arts: [https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/artist/124 Chantal Joffe RA Elect | Artist | Royal Academy of Arts]{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, accessdate: 29/08/2014</ref> Yawancin manyan zane-zanenta na nuna mata da yara.A cikin 2006,ta sami lambar yabo ta Charles Wollaston daga Royal Academy. == Rayuwa da ilimi == An haifi Chantal Joffe a St. Albans, Vermont, Amurka. Kanenta shine mai zane na zamani kuma marubuci Jasper Joffe. Mahaifiyarsu, Daryll Joffe, ita ma ƙwararriyan mai zane ce, tana yin zanen ruwa. Joffe ta kammala karatun Gidauniyarta a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Camberwell (1987–88).Ta halarci Makarantar Fasaha ta Glasgow a cikin 1988 – 91,ta kammala karatun digiri tare da karramawa kuma ta sami BA a Fine Art. Ta sami MA a zane-zane daga Royal College of Art, wanda ta halarta daga 1992–94. An karrama ta da lambar yabo ta Delfina Studio Trust a cikin 1994 – 96 da kuma Abbey Scholarship (Makarantar Burtaniya a Rome) a cikin 1998 – 99. Joffe tana zaune a London. == Aiki == Joffe da farko tana zana hotunan mata da yara,sau da yawa a cikin sikeli mai girma,wani lokacin {{Convert|10|ft}} tsayi.Ta yi wa mahaifiyarta fenti akai-akai, sama da shekaru 30. A cikin 2009 hira da Stella McCartney, Joffe ta ce, "Ina matukar son zanen mata.Jikinsu, tufarsu – duk abin ya bani sha’awa.” Hotunan tushen zanen mai cike da mutuntaka sun haɗa da hotunan iyali, talla,mujallu na zamani,da hotunan batsa.Yin aiki kusan daga kayan aikinta na hoto,Joffe ta gabatar da karkatattun abubuwan da ta nuna. A cikin hirar McCartney, Joffe ta ambaci daukar hoto na Diane Arbus a matsayin abin kwazo ga fasaharta: "Na sami daukar hoto yana da tasiri sosai. Musamman, Diane Arbus, wacce na damu da rayuwata gaba ɗaya. Ayyukanta yana da komai game da hoton ɗan adam wanda za ku iya so." Wata mai suka ga ''The Independent'' ta ce game da "manyan zane-zane marasa kyau" cewa "ta yi fenti da wani nau'in sarrafawa mai sauƙi - ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba." Ya ci gaba da nuna cewa zane-zane nata na iya ba da ra'ayi na farko na sauƙi, fara'a,Ko kuma son yara,amma "suna da yanayin rashin kwanciyar hankali wanda ke ba nunin wani yanayi mara kyau, maimakon jin tsoro." Wasu daga cikin zane-zanen nata suna da girma har ta bukaci a yi musu zane.Yin zane a cikin manya-manyan buroshin goge baki,ba ta damu da ɗigon fenti ba, wani lokacin kuma ta bar tsofaffin zayyana a bayyane.Wani mai bita ya lura cewa "zanen kawukan kusa kuma yana haifar da manyan idanu masu ban mamaki da ma'auni, kamar Picasso ya sake ƙirƙira a cikin manga." A cikin 2006, Colette Meacher, editan mujallar Burtaniya ''ta Bugawa Art'', ya bayyana manyan zane-zanen Joffe a matsayin "kawai kyawawan wakilcin mata".Joffe sau da yawa takan jawo wahayi daga samfurin salon, "Hotunan abokai,aikin sauran masu fasaha" da kuma hotunan mata da yara a cikin matsayi na gaskiya. Ayyukan Joffe tana tunawa da Alice Neel, wanda ta kasance tare da ita don wasan kwaikwayo na zane-zane da kuma Joni Mitchell, mawaƙin Kanada, mawallafin mawaƙa da mai zane-zane. An san wannan rukuni na masu fasaha don saƙonnin mata a cikin aikin su. == nune-nunen da tarin yawa == Ayyukan Chantal Joffe sun nuna a duniya a cikin nune-nune da yawa.Ta yi nunin nunin solo a London,[[Milano|Milan]], [[Venezia|Venice]],[[Faris|Paris]], [[New York (birni)|New York]], [[Helsinki]] da Bologna. Hakanan an nuna aikinta a cikin nune-nunen rukuni da yawa. A cikin 2002, ta halarci wani nuni mai suna ''The Bold and The Beautiful'',a The Pavilions, Mile End Park a London. Wannan nunin shine karo na farko da aka nuna Chantal, mahaifiyarta Daryll Joffe, da ɗan'uwanta Jasper Joffe a cikin nuni tare. Ta lashe kyautar £ 25,000 Charles Wollaston a cikin nunin bazara na Royal Academy na 2006,don "fitaccen aiki a cikin nunin". Zanen mai nasara shine ''Blond Girl - Black Dress'' . Alkalan sun yaba da zanen a matsayin "zane mai matukar karfi da ban mamaki . . . Babu wata muhawara game da wanda ya yi nasara,an cimma matsaya gaba daya.” An nuna Joffe a cikin nune-nunen a gidan kayan tarihi na Yahudawa a birnin New York,ciki har da ''Amfani da bango, benaye,da rufi: Chantal Joffe'' a cikin 2015 da ''Scenes daga Tarihi'' a 209. An haɗa aikin Joffe a cikin nunin 2022 ''masu zanen mata'' a gidan kayan gargajiya na zamani na Fort Worth. Wasu nune-nunen rukunin da aka zaɓa sun haɗa da: * ''Nunin Kyautar Hoton Hoto na Ƙasa'' a Gidan Hoto na Ƙasa a London (1992 da 1993) * ''Sabbin Masu Zamani'' a Tate Liverpool (1996) * ''Babbar Yarinya, Karamar Yarinya'' a Tarin Gallery a Edinburgh (1996) * ''Hoton Burtaniya 1'' a Studio d'Arte Raffaelli a Trento, Italiya (1999) * ''Turai: Hanyoyi daban-daban akan zane-zane'' a Museo Michetti a Francavilla al Mare, Italiya (2000) * ''Yadda Na Gani'' A Galerie Jennifer Flay a [[Faris|Paris]] (2001) * ''Hotunan Nuna 2002: Fasaha na Zamani a London'' a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Sarauta a London (2002) * ''John Moores 22'' a Walker Art Gallery a [[Liverpool]] (2002) * ''Kiran London'' a Galleri KB a [[Oslo]] (2005) * ''DRAW'' a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Zamani ta Middlesbrough (2007) * ''Batutuwan Biritaniya: Identity and Self Fashioning 1967-2009'' a Neuberger Museum of Art a New York (2009) Ayyukan Joffe yana cikin tarihin The New Art Gallery, Walsall, Saatchi Gallery ( [[Landan|London, Ingila]] ), Berardo Collection Museum ( [[Lisbon|Lisbon, Portugal]] ), Museo Arte Contemporanea Isernia ( Isernia, Italiya), Museo d'Arte Classica ( Zola Predosa, Italiya), Gidan Tarihi na Yahudawa (New York, Amurka), da Tarihin Yamma ( Oaks, Pennsylvania ). Victoria Miro Gallery ta wakilci ta a London da Galleria Monica De Cardenas a [[Milano|Milan]] da Zuoz . Tarin jama'a na Burtaniya waɗanda ke nuna aikinta sun haɗa da Sabon Art Gallery,Tarin Majalisar Arts na Walsall, Tarin Ayyukan Gwamnati, Tarin Jerwood, Royal Academy of Arts da Royal College of Art. == Kyaututuka == Joffe ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa,gami da: * Nat West 90's Prize for Art; John Kinross Memorial Scholarship (1991) * Kyautar Elizabeth Greenshields; Paris Studio Award, Royal College of Art (1993) * lambar yabo ta Delfina Studio Trust (1994-1996) * Abbey Scholarship, Makarantar Burtaniya a Rome (1998-1999) * Kyautar Wollaston na Nunin bazara na Royal Academy of Arts (2006) == Nassoshi == <references group="" responsive="1"> </references> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * 13 artworks by or after Chantal Joffe at the Art UK site * [http://www.saatchi-gallery.co.uk/artists/chantal_joffe.htm Saatchi Gallery: Chantal Joffe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515182851/http://www.saatchi-gallery.co.uk/artists/chantal_joffe.htm |date=2013-05-15 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719094938/http://www.victoria-miro.com/artists/_19/ Victoria Miro: Chantel Joffe] * [http://www.racollection.org.uk/ixbin/indexplus?_IXACTION_=file&_IXFILE_=templates/full/person.html&_IXTRAIL_=Academicians&person=25959 Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806004326/https://www.racollection.org.uk/ixbin/indexplus/?_IXACTION_=file&_IXFILE_=templates/full/person.html&_IXTRAIL_=Academicians&person=25959 |date=2021-08-06 }} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1969]] l5hee8agph920778dn315kfsilj42ml 0 50611 549531 409620 2024-12-01T16:52:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''AFA Sports''' wani kamfani ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|na Najeriya]] wanda ke aiki da ƙira, haɓakawa, masana'antu, tallace-tallace da sayar da takalman wasanni da na nishaɗi, tufafi da kayan haɗi. Kamfani ne mai zaman kansa wanda ke da hedkwatarsa a [[Victoria Island, Lagos|Victoria Island, Legas, Najeriya.]] == Asalin da tarihi == AFA na nufin 'Africa For Africa'. Ugo Udezue, tsohon wakilin NBA ne ya kafa kamfanin wanda ke aiki da BDA Sports a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/brand-voice/2018/12/07/rising-africa-series/|title=Rising Africa Series|last=Media|first=Global Group|date=2018-12-07|website=Forbes Africa|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref> Tunaninsa na asali shine ya samar da gasar kwallon kwando da za ta samar da kwararrun ‘yan wasan kwallon kwando a Afirka wanda zai kai ga kafa kungiyar kwallon kwando ta Continental Basketball, CBL. Abin da a zahiri ba a shirya shi ba shine haihuwar AFA Sports, wanda ya samo asali ne saboda sha'awar biyan buƙatun kayan wasan ƙwallon kwando na Nahiyar. Sai dai kungiyar kwallon kwando ta Najeriya D'Tigers ta samu babban kalubalen kitting a gasar Afro Basket 2017 kuma AFA ta zama masu daukar nauyin rigar su. Wannan tallafin ya kasance babban canjin wasa a gare su.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://businessday.ng/sports/article/afa-sports-rescue-mission-african-sports/|title=‘AFA Sports on a rescue mission for African sports’|last=Nlebem|first=Anthony|date=6 May 2018|website=businessday.ng|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104054143/https://businessday.ng/sports/article/afa-sports-rescue-mission-african-sports/ |archive-date=2019-11-04 |access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/05/10/afa-sports-changing-the-face-of-african-sports/|title=AFA Sports: Changing the Face of African Sports|last=admin|date=2018-05-10|website=THISDAYLIVE|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref> == Tallafawa == === Tawagar kwando na maza na Najeriya (D'Tigers) === Wasannin AFA ita ce ta dauki nauyin rigar kungiyar kwallon kwando ta Najeriya maza, D'Tigers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.basketballnigeria.com/2018/02/afa-sports-releases-new-jerseys-for-dtigers/|title=AFA Sports Releases New Jerseys for D’Tigers – NBBF, Nigeria Basketball Federation|website=www.basketballnigeria.com|access-date=2019-10-11|archive-date=2019-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104054138/https://www.basketballnigeria.com/2018/02/afa-sports-releases-new-jerseys-for-dtigers/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairun 2018, AFA Sports ta fitar da sabuwar rigar a hukumance ga kungiyar manyan ‘yan wasan kwallon kwando ta Najeriya, D’tigers, a lokacin da suke shirin tashi daga birnin Bamako na kasar Mali, domin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya na FIBA na 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/more/dtigers-check-out-the-new-jerseys-for-nigerias-basketball-team/j2q4e00|title=Check out the new jerseys for Nigeria's basketball team|date=2018-02-23|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://businessday.ng/sports/article/afa-sports-releases-new-jerseys-d-tigers/|title=AFA Sports releases new jerseys for D’ Tigers|last=|first=|date=22 February 2018|website=businessday.ng|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104054204/https://businessday.ng/sports/article/afa-sports-releases-new-jerseys-d-tigers/ |archive-date=2019-11-04 |access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref> === Kungiyar Kwando ta Mata ta Najeriya (D'Tigress) === A cikin 2018 gabanin gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIBA, an tabbatar da AFA Sports a matsayin mai daukar nauyin suturar kungiyar kwallon kwando ta mata ta Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cse-company.com/afa-sports-has-been-confirmed-as-the-official-jersey-sponsor-of-the-nigeria-female-national-team/|title=AFA SPORTS has been confirmed as the official Jersey sponsor of the Nigeria Female National Team – Continental sports and entertainment|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-11|archive-date=2019-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104054135/http://cse-company.com/afa-sports-has-been-confirmed-as-the-official-jersey-sponsor-of-the-nigeria-female-national-team/|url-status=dead}}</ref>   Wannan haɗin gwiwar ya sa ƙungiyar ta zama farkon masana'antar kayan wasan motsa jiki na Afirka da ta fito a wata babbar gasa ta ƙasa da ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/afa-remembers-early-days-as-dtigress-battle-u-s/|title=AFA remembers early days as D’Tigress battle U.S.|last=Okpara|first=Christian|date=28 September 2018|website=guardian.ng|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001215550/http://guardian.ng:80/sport/afa-remembers-early-days-as-dtigress-battle-u-s/ |archive-date=2018-10-01 |access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref> A ranar 4 ga Agusta 2019, AFA ta buɗe sabon Jersey ga ƙungiyar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/afrobasket-afa-sports-unveils-jersey-for-dtigress/|title=Afrobasket: AFA Sports unveils jersey for D’Tigress|date=2019-08-06|website=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/afrobasket-dtigress-unveil-new-kits/|title=AfroBasket: D’Tigress unveil new kits|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref> Babban canji a cikin Jersey shine jiko na Buga na Kabilanci na Zamani na Afirka wanda ake iya gani a cikin wuyansa da yankin Jersey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://afasports.com/dtigress-home-and-away-kits-2019-20/|title=AFA Sports unveils the new 2019 D'Tigress Uniforms|date=2019-09-05|website=AFA Sports Store|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-11}}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya === A cikin 2017, AFA ta ha]a hannu da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Najeriya a matsayin mai rigunan rigunan da ke daukar nauyin 'yan wasan kwallon ragar mata.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aclsports.com/5442-2/|title=Volleyball Nations Cup: AFA Sports partner with federation to kit female team|date=2017-10-03|website=ACLSports|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-10-11|archive-date=2019-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104054136/https://www.aclsports.com/5442-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Masu tsaro === A ranar 6 ga Maris, 2019, an sanar a hukumance cewa AFA Sports ce za ta kasance mai ɗaukar nauyin ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta Defenders gabanin gasar ƙwallon kwando ta Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/afa-sports-hails-defenders-for-making-africa-elite-8.html|title=AFA Sports hails Defenders for making Africa Elite 8|date=2019-03-19|website=Daily Trust|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-10-11|archive-date=2019-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104054134/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/afa-sports-hails-defenders-for-making-africa-elite-8.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/afa-sports-thrilled-by-civil-defenders-africa-elite-eight-feat/|title=AFA Sports thrilled by Civil Defenders’ Africa Elite Eight feat|last=|first=|date=20 March 2019|website=guardian.ng|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321142223/https://guardian.ng/sport/afa-sports-thrilled-by-civil-defenders-africa-elite-eight-feat/ |archive-date=2019-03-21 |access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref> === Tallafin CBL === Wasannin AFA shine babban kanun labarai na tallafawa Ƙungiyar Kwando ta Nahiyar (CBL). A matsayinsu na masu daukar nauyin kanun labarai, sun fitar da dukkanin kungiyoyi biyar da suka fafata a gasar. Kungiyoyin sun hada da Abidjan Raiders, Eko Kings, Lagos City Stars, Lagos Warriors, Yudunde Giants da Libreville Izobe Dragons. === Brand Ambassador === AFA Sports a ranar 27 ga watan Agusta 2019 ta sanar da mai tsaron gida na Najeriya [[Ezinne Kalu]] a matsayin jakadan tambarin ta. Hakan ya biyo bayan kungiyar kwallon kwando ta mata ta Najeriya, ta lashe gasar FIBA 2019 Afro Basket Tournament karo na 2 a jere kuma Ezinne ta zama ‘yar wasa mafi daraja a gasar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/08/dtigress-ezinne-kalu/|title=Ezinne Kalu becomes AFA Sports’ Ambassador as "D’Tigress" celebrates Victory Against Host Team, Senegal|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2019-08-27|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/more/ezinne-kalu-2019-womens-afrobasket-final-mvp-becomes-afa-sports-ambassador/eq6g78d|title=2019 Women’s Afrobasket final MVP Ezinne Kalu becomes AFA Sports Ambassador|date=2019-08-27|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-12|archive-date=2019-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012060845/https://www.pulse.ng/sports/more/ezinne-kalu-2019-womens-afrobasket-final-mvp-becomes-afa-sports-ambassador/eq6g78d|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kayayyaki == === Farashin CTG1 === CTG 1 shine sneaker na farko na AFA. Sneaker ne na ƙwallon kwando kuma an yi shi da fasahar Contour Traction Grip. Babban abin da ya fi shahara shi ne Taswirar Afirka da aka zana a tafin kafa. An kaddamar da CTG1 ne a shekarar 2017 kuma kungiyar kwallon kwando ta mata ta Najeriya ta fara nuna shi a gasar kwando ta mata ta Afro na shekarar 2017. === Farashin L-IV === Wasannin AFA sun sanya wa wannan rigar wando L-IV a matsayin wakilcin ra'ayin kasashen Afirka 54. Rigar wando tana dauke da tutar kasashen Afrika hamsin da hudu da aka buga a kai. AFA tana da kewayon sauran samfuran kamar su kwando, ɗorawa, ƙwallon ƙafa, sneakers salon rayuwa, polo da hoodies. <references group="note" responsive="1"></references> == Nassoshi == {{reflist|2}} [[Category:Kamfanoni a Najeriya]] [[Category:Kamfanoni]] jdypa0dwf838pcsune6jvfknhhl32it 0 51165 549958 502111 2024-12-02T03:32:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Eco Spot.jpg|thumb|Eco]] [[File:UEMOA_and_Eco_in_ECOWAS.svg|thumb|250x250px|   ]] '''Eco''' [[Shinkafar Ofada|shine]] [[Sunan mahaifi Zwelithini|sunan]] [[Kudin cizo|kuɗin]] da aka [[Tsarin mai|tsara]] na [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka]] (ECOWAS). [[Shire Haji Farah|Shirye]]-[[Shirye-shirye (album)|shiryen]] da [[Akaki Tsereteli|aka]] yi kira ga [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|Yankin Kudi na Yammacin Afirka]] (WAMZ) jihohin da su gabatar da kuɗin da farko, wanda daga ƙarshe za a haɗa shi da [[CFA franc Yammacin Afirka|CFA]] franc wanda yankin Yammacin Afrịka ke amfani da shi a cikin Tarayyar Tattalin Arziki da Tattalin Ruwa ta Yammacin Afrika (UEMOA). Wannan kuma zai ba jihohin UEMOA damar samun cikakken 'yancin kai na kasafin kudi da kudi daga [[Faransa]]. Jihohin UEMOA sun ba da shawarar sake fasalin CFA franc a cikin eco na farko, wanda za'a iya faɗaɗa shi ga duk jihohin ECOWAS. == Ka'idoji Goma == Don a aiwatar da Eco, dole ne a cika ka'idoji goma, waɗanda [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|Cibiyar Kula da Kudi]] ta Yammacin Afirka (WAMI) ta tsara. Wadannan ka'idoji an raba su zuwa ka'idojin farko da na biyu guda shida. Har zuwa shekara ta kasafin kudi ta 2011, [[Ghana]] ce kawai ta iya cika dukkan ka'idojin farko a kowane shekara ta kasafi.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.etvghana.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=584:ghana-meets-west-africa-monetary-zone-criteria&catid=122&Itemid=531| title=Ghana meets West Africa Monetary Zone criteria| work=e.tv.Ghana| access-date=June 18, 2013}}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ka'idoji huɗu na farko da kowace ƙasa memba za ta cimma sune: * Adadin hauhawar farashin lambobi guda ɗaya a ƙarshen kowace shekara. * Rashin kasafin kudi bai wuce 4% na GDP ba. * Kudin ajiyar kuɗi na babban banki na ba fiye da 10% na kudaden harajin shekarar da ta gabata ba. * Babban ajiyar waje wanda zai iya ba da rufe shigo da kaya na akalla watanni uku. Ka'idoji shida na biyu da kowace ƙasa memba za ta cimma sune: * Hana sabbin biyan kuɗi na cikin gida da kuma kawar da waɗanda ke akwai. * Kudin haraji ya kamata ya zama daidai ko fiye da kashi 20 cikin 100 na GDP. * Kudin albashi don harajin haraji daidai da ko ƙasa da kashi 35. * Zuba jari na jama'a don harajin haraji daidai da ko sama da kashi 20. * Kyakkyawan canjin canji. * Kyakkyawan yawan riba. == Tarihin kuɗin == === Kafin 2019 === Manufar kudin gama gari, na farko a Cibiyar Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAMI) / Yankin Kuɗi na Yammacin Afrika (WAMZ) ƙasashe-Gambiya,<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.wami-imao.org/?q=menuhome |title=Welcome to WAMI |publisher=West African Monetary Institute}}</ref> [[Ghana]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ecowas.int/member-states/ |title=Member States |publisher=Economic Community of West African States(ECOWAS) |access-date=2023-06-07 |archive-date=2023-05-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522000054/https://ecowas.int/member-states/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Gini|Guinea-Conakry]] (wanda ke magana da Faransanci amma ba ya amfani da CFA franc), [[Laberiya]], [[Najeriya]] da Saliyo-kuma daga baya a duk yankin ECOWAS, an bayyana shi a hukumance a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2000 dangane da ƙaddamar da WAMZ. An fara shirya gabatar da Eco a shekara ta 2003, amma an jinkirta wannan sau da yawa, zuwa 2005, 2010 da 2014.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.modernghana.com/news/219137/1/common-west-africa-currency-eco-in-2015.html| title=Common West Africa currency: ECO in 2015| work=MC Modern Ghana|date=May 29, 2009|access-date= June 17, 2013}}</ref> A wani taron Majalisar Ministoci da Gwamnoni ta Yammacin Afirka a ranar 25 ga Mayu 2009, an sake tsara farkon kuɗin zuwa 2015 saboda rikicin tattalin arzikin duniya. Taron Disamba na 2009 ya kuma kafa wani shiri na fara aiki don hada Eco tare da CFA franc nan da nan bayan ƙaddamar da Eco; an shirya wannan a cimma shi a shekarar 2020. A shekara ta 2001, an kafa Cibiyar Kula da Kudi ta Yammacin Afirka (WAMI) tare da hedikwatar a [[Accra]], [[Ghana]]. Zai zama kungiya ta wucin gadi a shirye-shiryen Babban Bankin Yammacin Afirka na gaba. Ayyukanta da tsari sun samo asali ne daga Cibiyar Kula da Kudi ta Turai. Don haka, WAMI shine samar da tsari ga bankunan tsakiya a cikin WAMZ don fara hadewa da fara shirye-shiryen farko don bugawa da kuma yin kudi na zahiri, kamar yadda EMI ta yi a baya a cikin Yurozone kafin gabatar da Yuro. Babban darektan yanzu shine J.H. Tei Kitcher . Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan game da kokarin kasashe membobin don biyan ka'idojin ba su da kyau. Katin wasan kwaikwayon da aka gabatar a taron shekara-shekara na 2012 na WAMZ ya nuna cewa an yi hasashen ci gaban GDP zai ragu zuwa 6.9% a cikin 2012 daga 8.7% a cikin 2011. An kuma yi hasashen ma'auni na dukan yankin WAMZ zai sauka daga kashi 79.2% a cikin 2011 zuwa 62.5% a cikin 2012; saboda babu wani memba da ya cika dukkan ka'idojin haɗuwa. Matsakaicin hauhawar farashin shekara-shekara ya karu daga 11.6% a 2011 zuwa 12.6% a 2012. Darakta na Hukumar Kula da ECOWAS, Lassane Kabore, ya bayyana aikin a matsayin "mai banƙyama", amma kuma ya tabbatar da jajircewar kwamishinansa ga kafa Eco. A watan Fabrairun 2018, ECOWAS ta tabbatar da niyyar sake fara aikin tare da gabatarwa a cikin 2020, wanda ba zai yiwu ba: saboda haka sanarwar niyya ce. A ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 2018, a cewar masanin tattalin arziki Jean Joseph Boillot, har yanzu ba a gudanar da wani aiki mai tsanani a fannonin fasaha na wannan aiwatarwa ba, ko dai a matakin jami'a ko a matakin jiha. === 2019 === A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin 2019 shugabannin kungiyar tattalin arziki ta kasashen Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS) sun karbi sunan "eco" don aikin su na kudin daya. An shirya gabatar da kuɗin a cikin 2020. Shugabannin ECOWAS sun hadu a [[Abuja]] a ranar 21 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, watanni shida bayan sun karbi sunan "eco" don aikin kuɗi guda ɗaya na gaba. Wannan taron ya zo ne bayan taron kwamitin ministocin kudi da gwamnonin manyan bankunan yankin a babban birnin Najeriya. Kamar yadda kamfanin dillancin labarai na Najeriya NAN ya ambata, shugaban kwamitin ministocin ya ce Togo ne kawai, daga cikin kasashen ECOWAS, za su cika manyan bukatun ko ka'idoji don karɓar kuɗi ɗaya. Wadannan ka'idoji sun hada da haɗuwa, tsarin musayar sauƙin sauyawa, yaki da rashin tsaro da haɗin gwiwar jihohi. A ranar 21 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019 Shugaban kasar Ivory Coast [[Alassane Ouattara]] ya ba da sanarwar cewa za a sake fasalin CFA franc na [[CFA franc Yammacin Afirka|Yammacin Afirka]], gami da sake masa suna eco. Faransa ba za ta sake gudanar da kuɗin ba, amma Banque de France za ta kasance mai ba da tabbacin sauyawa tsakanin Eco da Yuro wanda zai ci gaba da daidaitawa. Ana sa ran aiwatar da shi a ƙarshen 2020. Ranar 22 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019 Manajan Darakta na Asusun Kudi na Duniya (IMF) ya yi maraba da babban gyare-gyare na CFA franc da kasashe takwas na Yammacin Afirka da Faransa suka yanke shawarar. Ga Kristalina Georgieva, waɗannan canje-canje "sun zama babban mataki a cikin sabunta shirye-shiryen dogon lokaci tsakanin Tarayyar Tattalin Arziki da Kudi ta Yammacin Afirka da Faransa". A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, Shugaban Equatorial Guinea, Teodoro Obiang Nguema, ya ziyarci [[Abidjan]] a Ivory Coast. A lokacin da manema labarai suka yi magana bayan wannan taron tsakanin shugabannin kasashe biyu, Alassane Ouattara da Teodoro Obiang Nguema, shugabannin kasashe guda biyu sun kuma tattauna game da sake fasalin CFA na Yammacin Afirka. Shugaban Equatorial Guinea yana so ya ga irin wannan gyare-gyare ga [[CFA franc na Tsakiyar Afrika|CFA]] franc na Afirka ta Tsakiya, wanda ya ga "ya wuce gona da iri". A ranar 29 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019 shugaban kasar Ghana ya nuna sha'awarsa na karɓar sabon yanayin da ake kafawa don maye gurbin CFA franc na Yammacin Afirka. === 2020 === A watan Janairun 2020, bisa ga labarai da yawa da suka ambaci kafofin watsa labarai na cikin gida, Najeriya za ta buƙaci "kalmomi biyar da ba za a iya musayar su ba" kafin shiga kuɗin guda ɗaya. Wasu musamman sun ambaci ajiya a cikin Baitulmalin Faransa na wani ɓangare na ajiyar musayar kasashen waje na kuɗin da za a iya amfani da shi a nan gaba. A wannan batu, an riga an ambaci ƙarshen wannan tabbacin a cikin sake fasalin da aka gabatar a ranar 21 ga Disamba. Duk da haka a cewar 'yan jaridar Najeriya, [[Abuja]] za ta buƙaci gudanar da muhalli ta ECOWAS kanta, ba tare da manta da ra'ayinta a Afirka ba a Faransa ba. Saliyo ta sanar a ranar Alhamis 9 ga Janairun 2020 za ta yanke shawara kan kudin ECOWAS na gaba, Eco, nan ba da daɗewa ba. Bankin Saliyo (BSL) ya sanar a ranar Alhamis 9 ga Janairun 2020 cewa kasar za ta ci gaba da kasancewa tare da Leone a matsayin takardar shari'a har zuwa taron Kwamitin Gwamnonin ECOWAS da aka shirya don 16 ga Janairu 2020. A ranar 14 ga watan Janairun 2020 manyan bankunan yankin ECOWAS sun fara babban taro na musamman don tattaunawa kan tambayoyin da suka shafi gabatar da kudin guda, ECO, wanda aka shirya don 2020. Ana sa ran kwamitin gwamnonin bankin tsakiya za su tattauna tasirin sanarwar da kasashen ECOWAS masu magana da Faransanci suka yi kwanan nan game da shawarar gabatar da kudin ECO guda ɗaya don maye gurbin CFA franc. Tattaunawar za ta kuma tantance hanyar ci gaba ga jihohin membobin Yankin Kudi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) daidai da taswirar hanya don gabatar da kuɗin guda ɗaya - CEE. Kungiyar fasaha ta ECOWAS, duk da haka, ana sa ran gabatar da shawarwari da Cibiyar Kula da Kudi ta Yammacin Afirka ta yi game da CEE. Ya kamata gwamnoni su aika da shawarwarinsu ga shugabannin jihohin yankin don gano ko yankin yana shirye don gabatar da kuɗin guda ɗaya. A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2020 Najeriya da kasashe da yawa na Yammacin Afirka, musamman wadanda ke magana da Ingilishi, sun yi tir a Abuja da shawarar maye gurbin CFA franc da Eco, suna cewa "ba daidai ba ne" da shirin da duk yankin ya karɓa kwanan nan don kafa kudin guda. A duk lokuta, kasashe shida na Yankin Kudi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ) "sun lura da damuwa da sanarwar da ke da niyyar sake sunan CFA franc zuwa Eco ta 2020", a cewar sanarwar manema labarai da aka bayar bayan wannan taron na musamman tsakanin ministocin kudi daban-daban da gwamnonin bankunan tsakiya. WAMZ ta ƙunshi Najeriya, Ghana, Laberiya, Saliyo, Gambiya da Guinea (Conakry), wanda ba ɓangare na yankin CFA ba ne. Wadannan ƙasashe sun yi la'akari da cewa "wannan aikin bai dace da yanke shawara ba" na Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS) tare da "karɓar Eco a matsayin sunan kuɗin guda ɗaya" na dukan yankin. Sun "maimaita muhimmancin ga dukkan mambobin ECOWAS su bi yanke shawara na ikon Shugabannin Jihohi da Gwamnatin ECOWES game da aiwatar da taswirar hanyar da aka sake sabuntawa don shirin kuɗi ɗaya". An shirya taron koli da ke tattare da shugabannin jihohin WAMZ "ba da daɗewa ba" don yanke shawara kan halin da zai zo, ya ƙayyade sanarwar ƙarshe. Sanarwarsu ta 16 ga Janairu ta kuma kawo haske game da yakin neman jagoranci tsakanin Côte d'Ivoire da Najeriya. A cikin sukar shawarar da kungiyar tattalin arziki da kudi ta Afirka ta Yamma (Uemoa) ta yanke na sake sunan CFA franc "eco" a shekarar 2020, ministocin kudi da gwamnonin bankin tsakiya na Gambiya, Ghana, Guinea, Laberiya, Najeriya da Saliyo ba wai kawai sun bayyana rarrabuwar ECOWAS ba. A ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2020 Shugaban kasar Ivory Coast Alassane Ouattara ya bayyana zargin da ake yi na kin amincewa da Eco da kasashe 7 na Yankin Kudi na Yammacin Afirka (WAMZ). "Akwai kasashe biyar ne kawai da suka ƙare a Abuja daga cikin goma sha biyar na Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka [ECOWAS]", ya yi fushi, ya yanke ciyawa a ƙarƙashin ƙafafunsa CFA masu adawa da Franks, da yawa daga cikinsu suna ihu "farin murfi da fararen murfi". "Yawancin kasashe ba su halarci wannan taron ba. Ba taron shugabannin kasashe ba ne, amma na ministoci da gwamnoni, "in ji Ouattara. "Abin da muka yanke shawara a matakin shugabannin kasashe, nufinmu shine mu kawo muhalli a cikin 2020", bisa ga, ya nace, na "yanayi". Yanayin farko shine ya sadu da ka'idojin aiki 5: rashi na kasa da 3%, bashin kasa da 70%, ƙarancin hauhawar farashi, da dai sauransu. (...Rashin amfani da shi A halin yanzu, akwai kasashe huɗu ko biyar kawai, gami da Côte d'Ivoire, waɗanda suka cika waɗannan ƙa'idodin, "ya kara da cewa ya kamata tsarin ya kasance "sannu a hankali". "Kasuwa biyar, takwas, goma [sun cika ka'idojin] na iya haɗuwa, "in ji shi, ya kara da cewa wasu na iya shiga su kamar yadda yankin euro ya fara a goma sha ɗaya kuma wanda ya haɗa da ƙasashe goma sha tara a yau. "Muna so mu yi shi a matakai. Ba mu son hanzari, amma kuma ba mu son ƙasashe da ba su cika ƙa'idodin haɗuwa su girgiza tsarin, "ya kammala. A watan Fabrairun 2020, [[Ministan Harkokin Waje (Najeriya)|Ministan Harkokin Waje na Najeriya]] ya bayyana cewa taron da Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ya halarta kuma shugabancin ECOWAS, Shugaba [[Mahamadou Issoufou]] na [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], ya kuma tattauna sabon kudin Afirka ta Yamma, CEE. A kan wannan takamaiman batu, Ministan Onyeama ya sanar da cewa "Babu wani abu da ya canza game da matsayin Najeriya". Ya bayyana cewa a cewar Najeriya, yawancin kasashe ba su cika ka'idojin haɗuwa ba kuma saboda haka ya zama dole a tsawaita lokacin ƙaddamar da kuɗin ECOWAS guda ɗaya. A watan Fabrairun 2020, an gudanar da wani taron koli na musamman na Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS). An gabatar da maki da yawa. Musamman kafa kudi guda (Eco), A kan kudin guda, sanarwa ta ƙarshe wacce ta amince da wannan taron ta ambaci cewa Taron Shugabannin Jihohi da Gwamnati na kungiyar ta yanki sun gamsu da muhimman abubuwan da kungiyar tattalin arziki da kudi ta Yammacin Afirka (Uemoa) ta fara wajen kirkirar kudin guda daya. "Alassane Ouattara, Shugaban Jamhuriyar Côte d'Ivoire, Shugaban Taron Shugabannin Jihohin Uemoa ne ya sanar da taron kan sake fasalin CFA franc. Wannan gyare-gyare mataki ne na cimma nasarar kafa Eco kamar yadda aka tanada a cikin taswirar hanyar da Taron Shugabannin Jiha na ECOWAS ya karɓa. Taron ya nuna gamsuwa da waɗannan muhimman abubuwan da suka faru da kuma fahimtar da shugaban taron shugabannin jihohin Uemoa ya bayar a kan wannan batun, "ya karanta sanarwar manema labarai. A ranar 17 ga watan Fabrairun 2020, an buga Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki da Kudi ta Yammacin Afirka (Uemoa, kasashe takwas) da kuma shirin fadada shi ga dukan Kungiyar Taron Arziki ta Kasashen Afirka (Cedeao, kasashe 15). An ba da izini ga Shigarwa cikin Zamanin Eco: Sakamakon Gyara a Yammacin Afirka, yana da niyyar magance rashin tabbas da ya taso daga sanarwar wannan maye gurbin da Shugabannin Ouattara da Macron suka yi a ranar 21 ga Disamba 2019. Ƙarshen farko shi ne cewa daidaito da aka kiyaye tare da Yuro da tabbacin da ba a iyakance na Faransa na juyawa zai ci gaba da amincewa da sabon kuɗin. Wannan tabbacin ya taimaka wajen hana hauhawar farashi daga 2000 zuwa 2019 a matsakaicin 2% a yankin Uemoa, idan aka kwatanta da kusan 10% a Cedeao da kusan 16% a Afirka ta kudu da Sahara. "Babu tasirin nan take" a kan darajar mai mulki na jihohi, Ƙarshen ajiyar rabin ajiyar musayar na Ƙasashen membobin Tarayyar tare da Baitulmalin Faransa ba ya damuwa da S-P, saboda ana kiyaye canjin canjin canji. "Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa muka yi imanin cewa wannan gyare-gyare bai kamata ya yi tasiri nan take a kan ƙididdigarmu ba, "marubutan sun kammala. A wasu kalmomi, masu saka hannun jari ba dole ba ne su damu a halin yanzu. Ƙarshen na biyu shi ne cewa aikin don fadada eco ga mambobi goma sha biyar na Cedeao yana da nisa. "An kasance shingen kayan aiki, wanda ke sa mu yi la'akari da wannan aikin da ba zai yiwu ba a matsakaici", in ji rahoton. Da farko saboda nauyin Najeriya, saboda Najeriya tana da kashi biyu bisa uku na GDP na Cedeao kuma sau uku fiye da na Uemoa. Amma kuma saboda manufofin kariya, rahoton ya ce: "Amincewa da manufofin kuɗi na yau da kullun tsakanin Najeriya da abokan hulɗarta na Cedeao saboda haka yana da wahala, musamman tunda Najeriya kwanan nan ta yanke shawarar rufe iyakokinta da Benin da Nijar don rage smuggling da tallafawa samar da aikin gona na gida. Ƙarin bayan tabbacin Uemoa na Faransa zai buƙaci amincewar Majalisar Tarayyar Turai bayan tuntuɓar Babban Bankin Turai, wanda ba ta atomatik ba. A ƙarshe, karɓar tsarin musayar musayar da Cedeao ke so zai kara haɗarin haɗari dangane da girgizar kuɗi ga tattalin arzikin Uemoa, musamman waɗanda suka kara amfani da rance na kuɗin waje a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Shekaru, "in ji S-P, yana tunawa da ƙarshen ɗaya daga cikin rahotannin 2017 game da haɗarin raguwa: a yayin rikicin kuɗi kuma ba tare da tabbacin Faransa ba, Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal da Togo, waɗanda suka ranta sosai, musamman a cikin nau'in Eurobonds, suna ganin bashin su ya kafa sosai kuma S-P za a tilasta su rage ƙimar su. Rahoton ya kammala da shawarar inganta kudaden shiga na haraji da gargadi: "Duk abin da tsarin musayar Uemoa ya zaɓa, ko kula da Yuro ne, zaɓi na kwando na kuɗi (...) ko kuma yawan musayar, horo na kasafin kuɗi da manufofin tattalin arziki masu ƙarfi za su kasance mafi mahimmanci ga kwanciyar hankali na tattalin arzikin ƙungiyar kuɗi. A ranar 20 ga Mayu 2020, Majalisar Ministocin Jamhuriyar Faransa ta amince da lissafin da Babban Bankin Yammacin Afirka, [[Babban Banki|babban bankin]] da ke kula da kuɗin kasashe takwas na [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|Kungiyar Tattalin Arziki da Kudi ta Yammacin Afrika]] waɗanda ke amfani da franc na CFA na Yammacin Afrịka, ba za a sake buƙatar saka rabin ajiyar musayar ta tare da Baitulmalin Jama'a na Faransa ba. Bugu da ƙari, gwamnatin Faransa za ta janye daga dukkan hukumomin da ke kula da Babban Bankin Yammacin Afirka; har zuwa yanzu, duka Ministan Kudi na Faransa da gwamnan Bankin Faransa sun shiga cikin tarurruka na shekara-shekara na Babban Bankin, daya daga cikinsu ya faru a Paris. Gidajen majalisa biyu na Faransa, Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa da Majalisar Dattijai, dole ne su amince da lissafin don tanadinta su fara aiki. Bayan tabbatarwa, ana sa ran za a fara amfani da muhalli a watan Yulin 2020. Ya kasance ga al'ummomin da suka ba da shawarar karɓar kuɗin guda ɗaya, ko ci gaba da amfani da sunan 'eco'. Faransa za ta ba da tabbacin canjin canji na Yuro 1 zuwa 655.96 na Yammacin Afirka, kodayake wannan tsari na iya canzawa bayan gabatar da sabon kuɗin. Mataki na biyu zuwa ga bacewar CFA franc da maye gurbinsa da kudin daya da ake kira Eco, ya kamata majalisar dokokin Faransa ta karɓi lissafin da aka fara a ranar 20 ga Mayu 2020 a Majalisar Ministoci kuma ta yi niyyar tabbatar da yarjejeniyar hadin gwiwar kudi da aka kammala a Abidjan a ranar 21 ga Disamba 2019 tare da gwamnatocin jihohin membobin Tarayyar Kudi ta Yammacin Afirka (Umoa). Ganin cewa doka game da sake fasalin Eco kawai ta wuce zuwa majalisar dokokin Faransa har zuwa karshen Satumba 2020, yarjejeniyar karɓar Eco ba ta da haɗarin yin hakan kafin Oktoba 2020. A watan Satumbar 2020, Alassane Ouattara, Shugaban Côte d'Ivoire, ya ba da sanarwar shawarar taron 57 na taron shugabannin kasashe da Gwamnatin ECOWAS don ci gaba da aiwatar da muhalli "a cikin shekaru uku zuwa biyar". === 2021 === A watan Yunin 2021, Shugabannin Kasashen Tattalin Arziki na Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS) sun karɓi taswirar hanya don ƙaddamar da kuɗin "Eco" a cikin 2027, sun sanar da sanarwar manema labarai ta ƙarshe na zaman 59 na Majalisar Shugabannin Jiha da Gwamnatin ECOWAS.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20210619-west-african-regional-bloc-adopts-new-plan-to-launch-eco-single-currency-in-2027|title=West African regional bloc adopts new plan to launch Eco single currency in 2027|date=2021-06-19|publisher=[[France 24]]}}</ref> === 2023 === A watan Satumbar 2023, kungiyar raya tattalin arzikin kasashen yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS) ta jaddada kudirinta na kaddamar da kudin bai daya na Eco nan da shekarar 2027. Hukumar ta ECOWAS ta ce za ta yi duk mai yiwuwa domin ganin matakai da shirye-shiryen da aka zayyana a cikin taswirar kaddamar da kudin bai-daya na Eco sun ci gaba da kasancewa cikin tsari da tsari. Kwamitin don hanzarta kafa babban bankin Afirka ta Yamma da sauran hukumomin da suka dace don samun nasarar hada-hadar kudi a yankin.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://maroc-diplomatique.net/la-cedeao-reitere-son-engagement-a-lancer-une-monnaie-commune-dici-2027/|title=La CEDEAO réitère son engagement à lancer une monnaie commune d’ici 2027|date=2023-09-15|publisher=Maroc Diplomatique}}</ref> === 2024 === A watan Yulin 2024, yayin taron kolin kungiyar raya tattalin arzikin kasashen yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS), A wani bangare na aiwatar da kungiyar ECOWAS. Kasashe membobi suna jaddada mahimmanci ga Membobin su watsa shirye-shiryen Haɗuwa na Shekara-shekara akai-akai.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theafricareport.com/354418/has-ecowas-put-the-eco-single-currency-back-on-track/|title=Has ECOWAS put the eco single currency back on track?|date=2024-07-08|publisher=The Africa Report}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka yi amfani da su == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.wami-imao.org Cibiyar Kula da Kudin Yammacin Afirka] * [https://archive.today/20130620030222/http://www.comm.ecowas.int/dept/stand.php?id=g_g3_brief&lang=en Daraktan Kula da Multilateral na Manufofin Macroeconomic a cikin Hukumar ECOWAS] [[Category:Kungiyoyin Kasuwanci]] [[Category:Kudi]] [[Category:Kudade]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] h9l2zxu8hg6xobi45j6caxmtvjqhf2f 0 51461 549509 452491 2024-12-01T16:07:23Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fassara}} [[File:Berthe_Katscher_Soldatenkinder_1897.jpg|thumb| Katscher ta 1897 littafin ''Soldatenkinder'']] [[Fayil:Berthe Katscher Soldatenkinder 1897.jpg|thumb|Bertha Katscher]] '''Bertha Katscher''' (wanda kuma aka rubuta, SoldatenkindeBerta; Soldatenkindsunayen laƙabi:'''Ludwig Ungar''','''Albert Kellner''','''Ludwig Kölle''','''Ludmilla Kölle''';12 Yuni 1860–16 Satumba 1903) marubuci ɗan ƙasar Hungary ne ɗan Slovak. Katscher was born at Trencín, Slovakia, June 12, 1860, to an affluent Jewish family. She was educated by her aunt, by whom she was taken to [[Bosnia-Herzegovina|Herzegovina]], where in 1881 she was married to her cousin, Leopold Katscher, the writer and peace activist. Up to this time she had been occupied mostly with household affairs, but at the wish of her husband, she embarked on a literary career. Her first attempts were fairy-tales for children, but she soon turned her efforts to the advocacy of universal peace and various economic reforms. She wrote also against cruelty to animals. She contributed articles on a great variety of subjects to the “Frankfurter Zeitung,” the “Wiener Mode,” “Die Heimat,” “Münchener Allgemeine Zeitung,” “Kölnische Zeitung,” “Prochaska's Monatsbände,” etc. Her first work in book form was “Die Kunst ein Mensch zu Sein,” written in 1887 with Edward John Hardy. Her other works included: “Weinachtsgeschichte” (1890); “Aus Bädern und Sommerfrischen” (1890); “Hermann Vámbérys Leben und Reiseabenteuer” (1892); “Soldatenkinder,” a romance of universal peace (1897); “Die Studentin" (1900); and “Der Stychoos” (1901). She also translated English literature into German, such as the novels by Hardy, Donnelly, Boyesen, Meadows, Stevenson, and Buckley.{{Sfn|Singer|Adler|1906}} An yi wa Katscher tiyata sau biyu saboda ciwon daji na nono na dama.Ba da daɗewa ba bayan tiyata na biyu,ta tuntuɓi,don makanta na idon hagu,Dokta [[Wilhelm Goldzieher]],na Budapest,wanda ya aika da ita zuwa Dr.Adamkiewicz tare da ganewar cutar ciwon daji na choroid da kuma raguwa na retina.Dokta Sachs,mataimaki a asibitin ophthalmological na Jami'ar Vienna ya tabbatar da wannan ganewar asali.Sachs kuma ya bi binciken bincikensa na ido a lokacin jiyya ta hanyar cancroine,kuma ya ba da tabbacin sake dawo da tsarin cutar kansa da maido da hangen nesa zuwa kashi biyu bisa uku na al'ada.Hakanan an inganta yanayin cicatrix na nono.{{Sfn|Dunster|Hunter|Foster|1903}} 'Yar mata kuma mai son zaman lafiya,Rosika Schwimmer,ita ce yayarta.Ana kuma kiran mahaifiyar Rosika Schwimmer Berta,amma ita 'yar'uwar Leopold ce kuma wannan Berta Katscher ita ce matar Leopold.{{Sfn|Litoff|1994}} Katscher ya mutu a [[Budapest]] a cikin 1903.{{Reflist}} b5jhkon035uy1l7635nh5yrzcjfrs0z 0 52403 549548 476371 2024-12-01T17:13:58Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Ahmed El-Shenawy .JPG|thumb|hoton dan kwallo ahmed el-shanawy]] [[Fayil:Ahmed El-Shenawy .JPG|thumb|Ahmed El Shenawy]] '''Ahmed Nasser Nasser Mahmoud Moawad El Shenawy''' ( {{Lang-ar|أحمد ناصر ناصر محمود معوض الشناوي}} ; an haife shi a ranar sha huɗu 14 ga watan mayu, shekarar dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da casa'in da ɗaya 1991), ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne na Masar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] ga Pyramids na Premier League na Masar da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Masar. == Aikin kulob == === Zamalek === Bayan Al-Masry ya yanke shawarar kada ya shiga cikin kakar shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha biyu 2012 da shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha ukku 2013, yana nuna juyayi ga dangin shahidan filin wasa na Port Said, an ba El-Shenawy aro ga giant Zamalek SC na Masar na kakar wasa guda. [[Fayil:Ahmed al shenawy.JPG|thumb|Ahmed El Shenawy]] Shenawy ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar dindindin don Z a lokacin rani na shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014 don maye gurbin Goalkeeper Abdel-Wahed El-Sayed . Ya samu nasarar zama dan wasa mafi dadewa a gasar cin kofin Premier ta Masar da Zamalek ya yi ba tare da an ci kwallo ko daya ba. Gabaɗaya ya sami yarjejeniyar zanen gado sha tara 19 mai tsabta a gasar shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014 da shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha biyar 2015. Ya lashe gasar tare da Zamalek. == Ƙasashen Duniya == [[Fayil:Egypte vs Soudan (7).jpg|thumb|Ahmed El Shenawy lokacin wasa]] Ya lashe kyautar mai tsaron gida mafi kyau a gasar matasa ta Afirka ta shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha ɗaya 2011 tare da lambar tagulla da kyautar wasan wasa. Ya kasance cikin tawagar Masar a gasar Olympics ta shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha biyu 2012 . An kira shi ne domin ya wakilci babbar tawagar Masar kuma yana da wasanni talatin 30 na ƙasa da ƙasa. == Girmamawa == === Kulob === ; Zamalek : * Gasar Premier ta Masar : 2014–15 * Kofin Masar : 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2017–18 * Gasar cin kofin Masar : 2016 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{NFT player|45200}} * {{FIFA player|230350|Ahmed Elshenawy}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1991]] sn0aor1b6m6z617ml15llvx4ehy0tgl 0 52476 549551 450726 2024-12-01T17:23:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abdullahi Bawa Wuse''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1963) lauyan [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ne kuma ɗan siyasa wanda aka zaɓe shi a matsayin kakakin majalisar dokokin [[Neja|jihar Neja]] a shekarar 2019. An zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan majalisar jiha a karo na farko a watan Maris din shekarar 2019 a karkashin jam’iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC) don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Tafa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wuse emerges Speaker of Niger Assembly|url=https://punchng.com/wuse-emerges-speaker-of-niger-assembly/|access-date=2020-06-13|website=Punch Newspapers|date=11 June 2019 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-11|title=First-time lawmaker Abdullahi Wuse is Niger Assembly Speaker|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/north-central/334546-first-time-lawmaker-abdullahi-wuse-is-niger-assembly-speaker.html|access-date=2020-06-13|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Hon. Bawa emerges Speaker for Niger State Assembly|url=https://peoplesdailyng.com/hon-bawa-emerges-speaker-for-niger-state-assembly/|access-date=2020-06-13|website=peoplesdailyng.com|language=en-US}}</ref> An yi watsi da odar majalisar ne domin baiwa ‘yan majalisar damar tsayawa takara a zaben. Wuse ya kasance ɗan takara ɗaya tilo a zaɓen kuma ya zama kakakin majalisar ne ta hanyar kuri’ar da aka kada bayan da Ahmed Mohammed Marafa ya nuna shi ko ya zaɓe shi a matsayin shugaban majalisar wanda shi ne shugaban majalisar kafin Abdullahi Wuse.<ref>{{Cite web|last=theledgerng.com|title=Niger Assembly, Wuse Emerges Speaker|url=https://www.theledgerng.com/2019/06/niger-assembly-wuse-emerges-speaker.html|access-date=2020-06-13|language=en-GB|archive-date=2020-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613122557/https://www.theledgerng.com/2019/06/niger-assembly-wuse-emerges-speaker.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=lifestyleuser|date=2019-06-12|title=Bawa Wuse New Speaker 9th Niger Assembly|url=https://mediaviews.ng/bawa-wuse-new-speaker-9th-niger-assembly/|access-date=2020-06-13|website=mediaviews.ng|language=en-GB|archive-date=2020-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613122252/https://mediaviews.ng/bawa-wuse-new-speaker-9th-niger-assembly/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-20|title=Niger assembly Speaker agrees to swear in PDP member after violent protest|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/niger-assembly-speaker-agrees-to-swear-in-pdp-member-after-violent-protest/l98em9z|access-date=2020-06-13|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613122251/https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/niger-assembly-speaker-agrees-to-swear-in-pdp-member-after-violent-protest/l98em9z|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nan take magatakardan majalisar Abdullahi Mohammed Kagara ya rantsar da Wuse a matsayin kakakin majalisar inda ya yi alkawarin jagorantar majalisar kamar yadda doka ta tanada.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-20|title=Niger assembly Speaker agrees to swear in PDP member after violent protest|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/niger-assembly-speaker-agrees-to-swear-in-pdp-member-after-violent-protest/l98em9z|access-date=2020-06-13|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613122251/https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/niger-assembly-speaker-agrees-to-swear-in-pdp-member-after-violent-protest/l98em9z|url-status=dead}}</ref> Wuse ya kasance babban lauya kuma kwamishinan shari'a a gwamnatin gwamna [[Mu’azu Babangida Aliyu|Babangida Aliyu]] a jihar Neja. Wuse ya kasance shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Tafa (wato Ciyaman din Tofa).<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Ajobe|first1=Ahmed Tahir|last2=Minna|date=2019-06-11|title=Niger: Ex-AGF Wuse emerges Assembly speaker|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/niger-ex-agf-wuse-emerges-assembly-speaker.html|access-date=2020-06-13|website=Daily Trust|language=en-GB|archive-date=2020-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613122936/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/niger-ex-agf-wuse-emerges-assembly-speaker.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] n9lramcgez6djf0rtsh5lfxj2om5863 0 52520 549450 549284 2024-12-01T13:51:08Z Usman nura 29568 Ruwan godiya photo 549450 wikitext text/x-wiki === RUWAN GODIYA District: === {{Databox}} {{Ruwan godiya}}[[Fayil:Katsina State Nigeria.png|thumb|Ruwan godiya,katsina state Nigeria ]] [[Fayil:Ruwan godiya district.jpg|alt=Town|thumb|Ruwan godiya,Nigeria 🇳🇬 ]] == '''Ruwan godiya''' garine dake a karamar hukumar [[funtua]] daga shekarar 1976. kafin a yanki karamar hukumar faskari, Wanda daga baya aka yanki karamar hukumar [[faskari]] a shekarar 1989 ruwan godiya ta kasance cikin yankin faskari har zuwa wanna lokaci. Iyakoki: yankin ruwan godiya yayi iyaka da yankin karamar hukumar bakori daga gabas:guga da kakumi ward a gabas da arewa maso gabas.bangaren kudu:tafoki da daudawa ward,bangaren yamma:sheme da yankara ward,bangaren arewa:'yan malamai ward duk a yankin faskari lga.albabarkatu: <sub>'''arzikin ruwan godiya'''</sub> <ref>Arziki</ref>ruwan godiya nada tarin [[Arziƙi|arziki]]:[[noma]] na daya daga cikin abin alfahari na al'ummar wannan yankin.[[kiwo]] na daya daga cikin arziki na wannan yanki.[[kasuwanci]] abin dogarone ga al'ummar wannan gari.[[ilimi]] na addini da na zamani al'ummar wannan gari suna da shi,da aiki da shi. [[Arziƙi|ARZKI]]<nowiki/>n ruwan godiya noma,kiwo,kasuwanci dama sawransu. [[sarauta]] abuce me dadadden tarihi a dunia.haka ruwan godiya na da dadaddar sarauta. [[addini]] al'ummar garin ruwan godiya da yankunan ta suna da addinin da suke bi,wanda mafi yawan su suna bin addinin [[Musulunci]] ne. == oqqk21b9xmv5u94ljk7lq9td3px7zun 549452 549450 2024-12-01T13:55:31Z Usman nura 29568 More information 549452 wikitext text/x-wiki === RUWAN GODIYA District: === {{Databox}} {{Ruwan godiya|Ruwan godiya=Gari a Najeriya,a nahiyar Afirka.|Ruwan godia=Information about this place}}[[Fayil:Katsina State Nigeria.png|thumb|Ruwan godiya,katsina state Nigeria ]] [[Fayil:Ruwan godiya district.jpg|alt=Town|thumb|Ruwan godiya,Nigeria 🇳🇬 ]] == '''Ruwan godiya''' garine dake a karamar hukumar [[funtua]] daga shekarar 1976. kafin a yanki karamar hukumar faskari, Wanda daga baya aka yanki karamar hukumar [[faskari]] a shekarar 1989 ruwan godiya ta kasance cikin yankin faskari har zuwa wanna lokaci. Iyakoki: yankin ruwan godiya yayi iyaka da yankin karamar hukumar bakori daga gabas:guga da kakumi ward a gabas da arewa maso gabas.bangaren kudu:tafoki da daudawa ward,bangaren yamma:sheme da yankara ward,bangaren arewa:'yan malamai ward duk a yankin faskari lga.albabarkatu: <sub>'''arzikin ruwan godiya'''</sub> <ref>Arziki</ref>ruwan godiya nada tarin [[Arziƙi|arziki]]:[[noma]] na daya daga cikin abin alfahari na al'ummar wannan yankin.[[kiwo]] na daya daga cikin arziki na wannan yanki.[[kasuwanci]] abin dogarone ga al'ummar wannan gari.[[ilimi]] na addini da na zamani al'ummar wannan gari suna da shi,da aiki da shi. [[Arziƙi|ARZKI]]<nowiki/>n ruwan godiya noma,kiwo,kasuwanci dama sawransu. [[sarauta]] abuce me dadadden tarihi a dunia.haka ruwan godiya na da dadaddar sarauta. [[addini]] al'ummar garin ruwan godiya da yankunan ta suna da addinin da suke bi,wanda mafi yawan su suna bin addinin [[Musulunci]] ne. == njm8p5vnibbzihjuex0ugsy052q4c9b 0 52744 549963 276253 2024-12-02T03:38:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Eedris Turayo Abdulkareem Ajenifuja''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1974), wanda aka fi sani da Eedris Abdulkareem, dan wasan hip hop ne na Najeriya, R n B da Afrobeat, marubucin waƙa da mawaƙa. Shi ne jagorar rapper na tsohuwar ƙungiyar hip hop ta Najeriya The Remedies . An haife shi Eedris Turayo Abdulkareem Ajenifuja ga dangin da ke da mata da yawa a Kano, Najeriya, mahaifinsa ya fito ne daga [[Ilesa|Ilesha]], Jihar Osun, kuma mahaifiyarsa ta fito ne daga [[Osun|Jihar Ogun]], duk a yankin Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya, amma ya karbi Jihar Kano a matsayin asalinsa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa yana da shekaru 2 da takwas daga cikin 'yan uwansa yayin da lokaci ya wuce.<ref name="yt">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LnjowDQWGD0 ''Youtube'' interview]</ref> Abdulkareem ya auri Yetunde kuma suna da 'ya'ya. A shekara ta 2000, Abdulkareem na daga cikin mutanen da jama'ar Najeriya suka zabe su don ɗaukar fitilar Olympics a cikin sakewa a cikin ƙasar.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Odumade|first1=Omotolani|title=Nigerian celebrities who have carried the Olympic Torch|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/pulse-list-nigerian-celebrities-who-have-carried-the-olympic-torch-id5354926.html|website=Pulse NG|publisher=Ringier Nigeria|access-date=23 April 2017|date=8 August 2016|archive-date=19 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519042159/http://pulse.ng/celebrities/pulse-list-nigerian-celebrities-who-have-carried-the-olympic-torch-id5354926.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka yi == === Kundin studio === * ''P.A.S.S (2002)'' * ''Mr. Lecturer (2002)'' * ''Jaga Jaga (2004)'' * ''Letter to Mr. President (2005)'' * ''King Is Back (2007)'' * ''Unfinished Business (2010)''' * ''Nothing But The Truth (2020)'' === Masu zaman kansu === * "Jaga Jaga part 2" (2012) * "Wonkere ft Fatai rolling dollar" (2011) * "Sekere" ft Vector (2013) * "Fela ft Femi Kuti" (2013) * "I Go Whoze You ft Vtek" (2013) * "Trouble Dey Sleep" ft Konga (2016) * "Jaga Jaga Reloaded" (2021) * "Oti Get E" (2021) == Bayanan da aka yi amfani da su == [[Category:Haihuwan 1974]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] sdkm3gri301c16ty5yj72ppei5uebqn 0 53054 550088 513952 2024-12-02T06:37:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 550088 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Flag of Sokoto State.png|thumb|tutar sokoto ]] '''Wannan shine jerin masu gudanar da mulki da gwamnonin [[jihar Sokoto]]''',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sokotostate.gov.ng/achieve/past-governors/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-07-16 |archive-date=2023-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603190851/https://sokotostate.gov.ng/achieve/past-governors/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> wanda aka kafa a ranar 3 ga Fabrairun 1976 lokacin Jihar Arewa maso Yamma ta rabu zuwa jihohin Niger da Sokoto.<ref>https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/positions/60c49955dddb770ebe7d0aa6</ref> {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !Matsayi !Shiga ofis !Barin ofis !Party !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |Alhaji [[Usman Faruk]] | Gwamnan soji | 1967 | 1975 | Soja | Commissioner of Police, Governor of [[North-Western State|Northwestern State]] |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Umaru Mohammed]] | Gwamnan soji | March 1976 | July 1978 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Lt. Colonel [[Gado Nasko]] | Gwamnan soji | July 1978 | October 1979 | Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Shehu Kangiwa]] | Gwamna | October 1979 | November 1981 | [[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] | |--valign="top" | [[Garba Nadama]] | Gwamna | 1982 | December 1983 | [[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Garba Duba]] | Gwamnan soji | January 1984 | August 1985 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Garba Mohammed]] | Gwamnan soji | August 1985 | December 1987 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Ahmed Muhammad Daku]] | Gwamnan soji | December 1987 | August 1990 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Bashir Salihi Magashi]] | Gwamnan soji | August 1990 | January 1992 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Malam [[Yahaya Abdulkarim]] | Gwamna | January 1992 | November 1993 | [[National Republican Convention|NRC]] | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Yakubu Mu'azu]] | Mai Gudanarwa | 9 December 1993 | 22 August 1996 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Navy Captain [[Rasheed Adisa Raji]] | Mai Gudanarwar | 22 August 1996 | August 1998 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Group Captain (Air Force) [[Rufai Garba]] | Mai Gudanarwa | August 1998 | May 1999 | Soja | |--valign="top" | [[Attahiru Bafarawa]] | Gwamna | 29 May 1999 | 29 May 2007 | [[All People's Party (Nigeria)|APP]]; [[All Nigeria People's Party|ANPP]] | |--valign="top" | [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] | Gwamna | 29 May 2007 | 11 April 2008 | [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" | [[Abdullahi Balarabe Salame]] | gwamnan rikon kwarya | 11 April 2008 | 28 May 2008 | - | |--valign="top" | [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] | Gwamna | 28 May 2008 | 28 May 2011 | [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |Lawal Muhammad Zayyana Acting Governor |--valign="top" | [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] | Gwamna | 28 May 2011 | 28 May 2015 | [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |--valign="top" | [[Aminu Waziri Tambuwal]] | Gwamna | 28 May 2015 | 29 May 2023 | [[All Progressives Congress|APC]]/[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |- |[[Ahmad Aliyu]] |Gwamna |29 May 2023 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |} ===Manazarta=== dz6ml09iw4v1wvugn4chl3k1orh55nr 550091 550088 2024-12-02T06:38:18Z Pharouqenr 25549 550091 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Flag of Sokoto State.png|thumb|tutar sokoto ]] '''Wannan shine jerin masu gudanar da mulki da gwamnonin [[jihar Sokoto]]''',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sokotostate.gov.ng/achieve/past-governors/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-07-16 |archive-date=2023-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603190851/https://sokotostate.gov.ng/achieve/past-governors/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> wanda aka kafa a ranar 3 ga Fabrairun 1976 lokacin Jihar Arewa maso Yamma ta rabu zuwa jihohin Niger da [[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto.]]<ref>https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/positions/60c49955dddb770ebe7d0aa6</ref> {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !Matsayi !Shiga ofis !Barin ofis !Party !width="40%"|Karin bayani | |--valign="top" |Alhaji [[Usman Faruk]] | Gwamnan soji | 1967 | 1975 | Soja | Commissioner of Police, Governor of [[North-Western State|Northwestern State]] |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Umaru Mohammed]] | Gwamnan soji | March 1976 | July 1978 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Lt. Colonel [[Gado Nasko]] | Gwamnan soji | July 1978 | October 1979 | Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Shehu Kangiwa]] | Gwamna | October 1979 | November 1981 | [[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] | |--valign="top" | [[Garba Nadama]] | Gwamna | 1982 | December 1983 | [[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Garba Duba]] | Gwamnan soji | January 1984 | August 1985 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Garba Mohammed]] | Gwamnan soji | August 1985 | December 1987 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Ahmed Muhammad Daku]] | Gwamnan soji | December 1987 | August 1990 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Bashir Salihi Magashi]] | Gwamnan soji | August 1990 | January 1992 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Malam [[Yahaya Abdulkarim]] | Gwamna | January 1992 | November 1993 | [[National Republican Convention|NRC]] | |--valign="top" | Colonel [[Yakubu Mu'azu]] | Mai Gudanarwa | 9 December 1993 | 22 August 1996 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Navy Captain [[Rasheed Adisa Raji]] | Mai Gudanarwar | 22 August 1996 | August 1998 | Soja | |--valign="top" | Group Captain (Air Force) [[Rufai Garba]] | Mai Gudanarwa | August 1998 | May 1999 | Soja | |--valign="top" | [[Attahiru Bafarawa]] | Gwamna | 29 May 1999 | 29 May 2007 | [[All People's Party (Nigeria)|APP]]; [[All Nigeria People's Party|ANPP]] | |--valign="top" | [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] | Gwamna | 29 May 2007 | 11 April 2008 | [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" | [[Abdullahi Balarabe Salame]] | gwamnan rikon kwarya | 11 April 2008 | 28 May 2008 | - | |--valign="top" | [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] | Gwamna | 28 May 2008 | 28 May 2011 | [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |Lawal Muhammad Zayyana Acting Governor |--valign="top" | [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]] | Gwamna | 28 May 2011 | 28 May 2015 | [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |--valign="top" | [[Aminu Waziri Tambuwal]] | Gwamna | 28 May 2015 | 29 May 2023 | [[All Progressives Congress|APC]]/[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |- |[[Ahmad Aliyu]] |Gwamna |29 May 2023 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |} ===Manazarta=== h9y4zag24pl2ejs83r13iduol6llwci 0 53061 550084 278569 2024-12-02T06:35:05Z Pharouqenr 25549 550084 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin [[Jihar Rivers]]''' da masu gudanarwa An kirkiro jihar Rivers a shekarar 1967.<ref>https://infomediang.com/rivers-state-history-and-past-governors-from-1967-till-date/</ref><ref>https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/positions/60c49955dddb770ebe7d0aa3</ref> {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:65%; margin:left; text-align:center" |- bgcolor="lightblue" !Suna !matsayi !Shiga ofis !Barin ofis !Jam'iyya !width="25%"|Karin bayani |- |'''[[Melford Okilo]]'''|| Governor|| 1 October 1979|| 31 December 1983|| [[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]]|| Senator |- |'''[[Rufus Ada George]]'''||Gwamna||January 1992 ||17 November 1993 ||[[National Republican Convention|NRC]] || JP |- |'''[[Peter Odili]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 1999 || 29 May 2007 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Medical doctor |- |'''[[Celestine Omehia]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 2007 || 26 October 2007 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| |- |'''[[Chibuike Amaechi]]'''||Gwamna||26 October 2007 || 29 May 2015 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Rt. Hon. |- |'''[[Ezenwo Nyesom Wike|Ezenwo Wike]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 2015 || 29 May 2023 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Chief (Barr.) |- |'''[[Siminalayi Fubara]]''' ||Gwamna ||29 May 2023 ||Incumbent ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| |} ===Manazarta=== ny1s4mmlabht6asrp7ivgx397e21i32 550086 550084 2024-12-02T06:36:12Z Pharouqenr 25549 550086 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin [[Jihar Rivers]]''' da masu gudanarwa An kirkiro [[jihar Rivers]] a shekarar 1967.<ref>https://infomediang.com/rivers-state-history-and-past-governors-from-1967-till-date/</ref><ref>https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/positions/60c49955dddb770ebe7d0aa3</ref> {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:65%; margin:left; text-align:center" |- bgcolor="lightblue" !Suna !matsayi !Shiga ofis !Barin ofis !Jam'iyya !width="25%"|Karin bayani |- |'''[[Melford Okilo]]'''|| Governor|| 1 October 1979|| 31 December 1983|| [[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]]|| Senator |- |'''[[Rufus Ada George]]'''||Gwamna||January 1992 ||17 November 1993 ||[[National Republican Convention|NRC]] || JP |- |'''[[Peter Odili]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 1999 || 29 May 2007 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Medical doctor |- |'''[[Celestine Omehia]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 2007 || 26 October 2007 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| |- |'''[[Chibuike Amaechi]]'''||Gwamna||26 October 2007 || 29 May 2015 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Rt. Hon. |- |'''[[Ezenwo Nyesom Wike|Ezenwo Wike]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 2015 || 29 May 2023 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Chief (Barr.) |- |'''[[Siminalayi Fubara]]''' ||Gwamna ||29 May 2023 ||Incumbent ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| |} ===Manazarta=== br0871nb2gr0n0nyk1wxajxf96yiwvo 0 53062 550082 278548 2024-12-02T06:34:03Z Pharouqenr 25549 550082 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jerin Sunayen gwamnoni da Masu Gudanarwa na [[Jihar Rivers]],''' An kirkiro jihar Rivers a shekarar 1967.<ref>https://punchng.com/g5-govs-bello-umahi-malami-bag-rivers-awards/</ref><ref>https://infomediang.com/rivers-state-history-and-past-governors-from-1967-till-date/</ref> {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:65%; margin:left; text-align:center" |- bgcolor="lightblue" !Jam'iyya !Mukami !Farkon mulki !Karshen mulki !Jam'iyya !width="25%"|Karin bayani |- |'''[[Melford Okilo]]'''|| Gwamna|| 1 October 1979|| 31 December 1983|| [[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]]|| Senator |- |'''[[Rufus Ada George]]'''||Gwamna||January 1992 ||17 November 1993 ||[[National Republican Convention|NRC]] || JP |- |'''[[Peter Odili]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 1999 || 29 May 2007 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Medical doctor |- |'''[[Celestine Omehia]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 2007 || 26 October 2007 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| |- |'''[[Chibuike Amaechi]]'''||Gwamna||26 October 2007 || 29 May 2015 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Rt. Hon. |- |'''[[Ezenwo Nyesom Wike|Ezenwo Wike]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 2015 || 29 May 2023 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Chief (Barr.) |- |'''[[Siminalayi Fubara]]''' ||Gwamna ||29 May 2023 ||Incumbent ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| |} ===Manazarta=== lc8zdj7dw54598u89kj7cg8m3vvcyo9 550083 550082 2024-12-02T06:34:30Z Pharouqenr 25549 550083 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jerin Sunayen gwamnoni da Masu Gudanarwa na [[Jihar Rivers]],''' An kirkiro jihar [[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]] a shekarar 1967.<ref>https://punchng.com/g5-govs-bello-umahi-malami-bag-rivers-awards/</ref><ref>https://infomediang.com/rivers-state-history-and-past-governors-from-1967-till-date/</ref> {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:65%; margin:left; text-align:center" |- bgcolor="lightblue" !Jam'iyya !Mukami !Farkon mulki !Karshen mulki !Jam'iyya !width="25%"|Karin bayani |- |'''[[Melford Okilo]]'''|| Gwamna|| 1 October 1979|| 31 December 1983|| [[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]]|| Senator |- |'''[[Rufus Ada George]]'''||Gwamna||January 1992 ||17 November 1993 ||[[National Republican Convention|NRC]] || JP |- |'''[[Peter Odili]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 1999 || 29 May 2007 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Medical doctor |- |'''[[Celestine Omehia]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 2007 || 26 October 2007 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| |- |'''[[Chibuike Amaechi]]'''||Gwamna||26 October 2007 || 29 May 2015 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Rt. Hon. |- |'''[[Ezenwo Nyesom Wike|Ezenwo Wike]]'''||Gwamna||29 May 2015 || 29 May 2023 ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| Chief (Barr.) |- |'''[[Siminalayi Fubara]]''' ||Gwamna ||29 May 2023 ||Incumbent ||[[Rivers State People's Democratic Party|PDP]]|| |} ===Manazarta=== i11559cov96j2j8s5d3d7zk33hjgpnh 0 53065 550080 457717 2024-12-02T06:33:11Z Pharouqenr 25549 Pharouqenr moved page [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Lagos]] to [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Lagas]] 457717 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan Shine jerin Sunayen gwamnoni da gwamnonin [[jihar Legas]]. An kafa jihar Legas ne a ranar 27 ga Mayun 1967. {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !mukami !Shiga ofis !Barin ofis !Jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |[[Brigadier]] [[Mobolaji Johnson]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist>{{cite web |url=http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pastgovernorlist.php?k=175 |access-date=19 September 2014 |title=Past Governors |publisher=Lagos State Government |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011065931/http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/pastgovernorlist.php?k=175 |archive-date=2014-10-11 }}</ref> |Gwamna |27 May 1967 |July 1975 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] [[Adekunle Lawal]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamna |July 1975 |1977 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Commodore [[Ndubuisi Kanu]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamna |1977 |July 1978 |soja | |--valign="top" |Commodore [[Ebitu Ukiwe]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamnan Soji |July 1978 |October 1979 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Alhaji [[Lateef Jakande]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamna |October 1979 |December 1983 |[[Unity Party of Nigeria]] (UPN) | |--valign="top" |Air Commodore [[Gbolahan Mudasiru]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamnan Soji |January 1984 |August 1986 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Navy Captain [[Mike Akhigbe]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamnan Soji |August 1986 |July 1988 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Brigadier General [[Raji Rasaki]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamnan Soji |July 1988 |January 1992 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Sir [[Michael Otedola]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamna |January 1992 |November 1993 |[[National Republican Convention]] (NRC) | |--valign="top" |Colonel [[Olagunsoye Oyinlola]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamnan Soji |9 December 1993 |22 August 1996 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Colonel [[Mohammed Buba Marwa]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /> |Gwamnan Soji |22 Aug 1996 |29 May 1999 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Asiwaju [[Bola Tinubu]]<ref name=pastgovernorlist /><ref name="Whiteman2013">{{cite book|author= Kye Whiteman |title=Lagos: A Cultural History|year= 2013|publisher=[[Interlink Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-62371-040-8 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=byNFBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT182 |chapter=Prominent Personalities of Lagos }}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[Alliance for Democracy (Nigeria)|Alliance for Democracy]] (AD) | |--valign="top" |Mr [[Babatunde Fashola]]<ref name="Baba">{{cite web |url=http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/BRF.php |title=His Excellency Mr. Babatunde Raji Fashola, SAN |access-date=27 January 2010 |publisher=lagosstate.gov.ng Lagos State Government |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091210205955/http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/BRF.php |archive-date=10 December 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-22|title=FG, agencies to construct 1,800km road at N621b|url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-agencies-to-construct-1800km-road-at-n621b/|access-date=2022-02-22|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222230512/https://guardian.ng/news/fg-agencies-to-construct-1800km-road-at-n621b/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 2007 |29 May 2015 |[[Action Congress of Nigeria]] (ACN) | |--valign="top" |Mr [[Akinwunmi Ambode]]<ref name="Television 2015">{{cite web | last=Television | first=Channels | title=Akinwunmi Ambode Wins Lagos Governorship Election | website=Channels Television | date=April 12, 2015 | url=https://www.channelstv.com/2015/04/12/akinwunmi-ambode-wins-lagos-governorship-election/ | access-date=June 12, 2023}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 2015 |29 May 2019 |[[All Progressives Congress]] (APC) | |--valign="top" |Mr [[Babajide Sanwo-Olu]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-11 |title=2023 Presidency: Sanwo-Olu mobilises APC leaders, communities for Tinubu |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/02/2023-presidency-sanwo-olu-mobilises-apc-leaders-communities-for-tinubu-2/ |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 2019 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress]] (APC) | |} ===Manazarta=== it0e7lf3ty264j2ssq3hnmo65oq23dk 0 53066 550079 460855 2024-12-02T06:32:25Z Pharouqenr 25549 550079 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wannan Shine jerin Sunayen gwamnoni da Masu Gudanarwa na [[jihar Cross River]] da ke [[Najeriya|Najeriy]]'''[[Najeriya|a]], An kafa Jihar Kudu-maso-Gabas ne a ranar 27 ga Mayu, 1967 lokacin da aka raba yankin Gabas zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya, Ribas da Kudu maso Gabas. An sauya sunan jihar Cross River a shekarar 1976. {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !South-Eastern State !Suna !farkon mulki !karshen mulki !jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |[[Uduokaha Esuene]]<ref name="calitown 2017">{{cite web | title=VERDICT: “Esuene Is The Best Governor Cross River State Ever Had” – Wilfred Inah | website=calitown | date=2017-05-27 | url=https://www.calitown.com/verdict-esuene-is-the-best-governor-cross-river-state-ever-had-wilfred-inah/ | access-date=2023-06-08}}</ref> | Gwamnan Soji |28 May 1967 |July 1975 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Paul Omu]]<ref name="Reporters 2020">{{cite web | last=Reporters | first=Swift | title=Chronicling A True Nigerian Military Hero’s Deeds - Major General Paul Ufuoma Omu As He Attains Eighty Years Of Age | website=Swift Reporters | date=2020-07-01 | url=https://swiftreporters.com/chronicling-a-true-nigerian-military-heros-deeds-major-general-paul-ufuoma-omu-as-he-attains-eighty-years-of-age/ | access-date=2023-06-08}}</ref> | Gwamnan Soji |3 February 1976 |July 1978 |Soja | |- Cross River State !Suna !matsayi !Farkon mulki !karshen mulki !jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |[[Paul Omu]]<ref name="Reporters 2020" /> |Gwamnan soji |3 February 1976 |July 1978 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Babatunde Elegbede]]<ref name="Nigeria 2019">{{cite web | last=Nigeria | first=Online | website=OnlineNigeria.com | date=2019-07-24 | url=https://onlinenigeria.com/post/40983-babatunde-elegbede-the-nigerian-admiral-killed-with-over-70-bullets.html | access-date=2023-06-08 | title=Kwafin ajiya | archive-date=2023-07-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709072647/https://onlinenigeria.com/post/40983-babatunde-elegbede-the-nigerian-admiral-killed-with-over-70-bullets.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gwamna |July 1978 |October 1979 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Clement Isong]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-03 |title=Isong: Integrity Personified |url=https://guardian.ng/opinion/isong-integrity-personified/ |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306112050/https://guardian.ng/opinion/isong-integrity-personified/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gwamna |October 1979 |October 1983 |[[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] | |--valign="top" |[[Donald Etiebet]] | Gwamna |October 1983 |December 1983 |[[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] |NAVY CAPTAIN EDET AKPAN ARCHIBONG; MILITARY GOVERNOR FROM JANUARY 1984 -MAY 1984 |--valign="top" |[[Dan Archibong]]<ref name="Enterprise, Awards, Innovation, Events, Brands, info - NigeriaGalleria 1967">{{cite web | title=Brief History of Cross-River State:: Nigeria Information & Guide | website=Enterprise, Awards, Innovation, Events, Brands, info - NigeriaGalleria | date=1967-05-27 | url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Cross-River/Brief-History-of-Cross-River-State.html | access-date=2023-06-08}}</ref> | Gwamnan Soji |MAY 1984 |1986 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Eben Ibim Princewill]] |Gwamnan Soji | 1986 |December 1989 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Ernest Attah]] | Gwamnan Soji |December 1989 |January 1992 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Clement Ebri]] | Gwamna |January 1992 |November 1993 |[[National Republican Convention (Nigeria)|NRC]] | |--valign="top" |[[Ibrahim Kefas]] | Mai Gudanarwa |9 December 1993 |14 September 1994 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Gregory Agboneni]] | Mai Gudanarwa |14 September 1994 |22 August 1996 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Umar Farouk Ahmed]] | Mai Gudanarwa |22 August 1996 |August 1998 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Christopher Osondu]] |Mai Gudanarwa |August 1998 |May 1999 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Donald Duke]] | Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Liyel Imoke]]<ref name="Television 2012">{{cite web | last=Television | first=Channels | title=Liyel Imoke emerges victorious in Cross River elections | website=Channels Television | date=2012-02-26 | url=https://www.channelstv.com/2012/02/26/liyel-imoke-emerges-victorious-in-cross-river-elections/ | access-date=2023-06-08}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 2007 |29 May 2015 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Benedict Ayade]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/319459-ayade-wins-re-election-as-governor-of-cross-river.html|title = Ayade wins re-election as governor of Cross River|date = 11 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2015/12/06/gov-ayade-leads-african-governors-to-climate-change-summit-in-paris |title=Gov. Ayade Leads African Governors to Climate Summit in Paris |author=Channels TV |date=6 December 2015 |work= Channels TV |access-date=6 December 2015}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 2015 |29 May 2023 |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |- |[[Bassey Otu]]<ref name="Imukudo 2023">{{cite web | last=Imukudo | first=Saviour | title=APC’s Bassey Otu wins Cross River governorship election | website=Premium Times Nigeria | date=2023-03-20 | url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/south-south-regional/589192-apcs-bassey-otu-wins-cross-river-governorship-election.html | access-date=2023-06-08}}</ref><ref name="Omoboye 2023">{{cite web | last=Omoboye | first=Faith | title=Meet Prince Bassey Otu, gov-elect of Cross River State | website=Businessday NG | date=2023-03-23 | url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/meet-prince-bassey-otu-gov-elect-of-cross-river-state/ | access-date=2023-06-08}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 2023 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== 93u5cvqfh8z0kjocra6ysdtnwzqayos 0 53077 550078 404025 2024-12-02T06:31:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 550078 wikitext text/x-wiki '''jerin Sunayen masu gudanar da mulki da gwamnonin [[jihar Nasarawa]]'''. an ƙirƙiri Jihar ne a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1996 lokacin da aka rabata da [[jihar Filato]]. {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !mukami !Shiga ofis !Barin Ofis !jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |[[Wing Commander Abdullahi Ibrahim|Abdullahi Ibrahim]] | mai Gudanarwa |7 October 1996 |6 August 1998 |soja | |--valign="top" |[[Bala Mande]] | mai Gudanarwa |6 August 1998 |29 May 1999 | Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Abdullahi Adamu]]<ref name="User 2013">{{cite web | title=Profile | website=Abdullahi Adamu | date=April 7, 2013 | url=http://www.abdullahiadamu.net/index.php/profile | access-date=June 12, 2023 | archive-date=June 12, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612195828/http://www.abdullahiadamu.net/index.php/profile | url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Aliyu Doma]]<ref name=self>{{cite web |url=http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=46&Itemid= |title=Governor Aliyu Akwe Doma of Nasarawa State |publisher=Nigeria Governors Forum |accessdate=2010-01-18}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 2007 | May 2011 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Umaru Tanko Al-Makura]] | Gwamna | May 2011 | May 2019 |[[Congress for Progressive Change|CPC]] | |- |[[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1226705-inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-winner-nasarawa-guber-election.html|title=INEC declares APC’s Abdullahi Sule winner of Nasarawa guber election|last=Obichie|first=Buchi|date=2019-03-11|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en|access-date=2019-06-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-governor-elect-in-nasarawa.html|title=INEC declares APC's Abdullahi Sule Governor-elect in Nasarawa|last=Muhammad|first=Ibraheem Hamza|last2=Lafia|date=11 March 2019|website=Daily Trust|access-date=12 March 2019|archive-date=23 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323035500/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-governor-elect-in-nasarawa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Gwamna |May 29, 2019 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== qsdcksrdudp03gd4wk2kbgl5uuu8296 550104 550078 2024-12-02T07:40:23Z Gwanki 3834 Gwanki moved page [[Jerin sunayen gwanonin jihar nasarawa]] to [[Jerin Gwamnonin Jihar Nasarawa]] 550078 wikitext text/x-wiki '''jerin Sunayen masu gudanar da mulki da gwamnonin [[jihar Nasarawa]]'''. an ƙirƙiri Jihar ne a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1996 lokacin da aka rabata da [[jihar Filato]]. {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !mukami !Shiga ofis !Barin Ofis !jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |[[Wing Commander Abdullahi Ibrahim|Abdullahi Ibrahim]] | mai Gudanarwa |7 October 1996 |6 August 1998 |soja | |--valign="top" |[[Bala Mande]] | mai Gudanarwa |6 August 1998 |29 May 1999 | Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Abdullahi Adamu]]<ref name="User 2013">{{cite web | title=Profile | website=Abdullahi Adamu | date=April 7, 2013 | url=http://www.abdullahiadamu.net/index.php/profile | access-date=June 12, 2023 | archive-date=June 12, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612195828/http://www.abdullahiadamu.net/index.php/profile | url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Aliyu Doma]]<ref name=self>{{cite web |url=http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=46&Itemid= |title=Governor Aliyu Akwe Doma of Nasarawa State |publisher=Nigeria Governors Forum |accessdate=2010-01-18}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 2007 | May 2011 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Umaru Tanko Al-Makura]] | Gwamna | May 2011 | May 2019 |[[Congress for Progressive Change|CPC]] | |- |[[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1226705-inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-winner-nasarawa-guber-election.html|title=INEC declares APC’s Abdullahi Sule winner of Nasarawa guber election|last=Obichie|first=Buchi|date=2019-03-11|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en|access-date=2019-06-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-governor-elect-in-nasarawa.html|title=INEC declares APC's Abdullahi Sule Governor-elect in Nasarawa|last=Muhammad|first=Ibraheem Hamza|last2=Lafia|date=11 March 2019|website=Daily Trust|access-date=12 March 2019|archive-date=23 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323035500/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-governor-elect-in-nasarawa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Gwamna |May 29, 2019 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== qsdcksrdudp03gd4wk2kbgl5uuu8296 550106 550104 2024-12-02T07:41:17Z Gwanki 3834 550106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''jerin Sunayen masu gudanar da mulki da gwamnonin [[jihar Nasarawa]]'''. an ƙirƙiri Jihar ne a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1996 lokacin da aka rabata da [[jihar Filato]]. {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !mukami !Shiga ofis !Barin Ofis !jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |[[Wing Commander Abdullahi Ibrahim|Abdullahi Ibrahim]] | mai Gudanarwa |7 October 1996 |6 August 1998 |soja | |--valign="top" |[[Bala Mande]] | mai Gudanarwa |6 August 1998 |29 May 1999 | Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Abdullahi Adamu]]<ref name="User 2013">{{cite web | title=Profile | website=Abdullahi Adamu | date=April 7, 2013 | url=http://www.abdullahiadamu.net/index.php/profile | access-date=June 12, 2023 | archive-date=June 12, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612195828/http://www.abdullahiadamu.net/index.php/profile | url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Aliyu Doma]]<ref name=self>{{cite web |url=http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=46&Itemid= |title=Governor Aliyu Akwe Doma of Nasarawa State |publisher=Nigeria Governors Forum |accessdate=2010-01-18}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 2007 | May 2011 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Umaru Tanko Al-Makura]] | Gwamna | May 2011 | May 2019 |[[Congress for Progressive Change|CPC]] | |- |[[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1226705-inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-winner-nasarawa-guber-election.html|title=INEC declares APC’s Abdullahi Sule winner of Nasarawa guber election|last=Obichie|first=Buchi|date=2019-03-11|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en|access-date=2019-06-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-governor-elect-in-nasarawa.html|title=INEC declares APC's Abdullahi Sule Governor-elect in Nasarawa|last=Muhammad|first=Ibraheem Hamza|last2=Lafia|date=11 March 2019|website=Daily Trust|access-date=12 March 2019|archive-date=23 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323035500/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-governor-elect-in-nasarawa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Gwamna |May 29, 2019 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== 8q7cejgjgj2kw52do3ox2f1sarre0p9 550107 550106 2024-12-02T07:41:27Z Gwanki 3834 550107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''jerin Sunayen masu gudanar da mulki da gwamnonin [[jihar Nasarawa]]'''. an ƙirƙiri Jihar ne a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1996 lokacin da aka rabata da [[jihar Filato]]. {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !mukami !Shiga ofis !Barin Ofis !jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |[[Wing Commander Abdullahi Ibrahim|Abdullahi Ibrahim]] | mai Gudanarwa |7 October 1996 |6 August 1998 |soja | |--valign="top" |[[Bala Mande]] | mai Gudanarwa |6 August 1998 |29 May 1999 | Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Abdullahi Adamu]]<ref name="User 2013">{{cite web | title=Profile | website=Abdullahi Adamu | date=April 7, 2013 | url=http://www.abdullahiadamu.net/index.php/profile | access-date=June 12, 2023 | archive-date=June 12, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612195828/http://www.abdullahiadamu.net/index.php/profile | url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Aliyu Doma]]<ref name=self>{{cite web |url=http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=46&Itemid= |title=Governor Aliyu Akwe Doma of Nasarawa State |publisher=Nigeria Governors Forum |accessdate=2010-01-18}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 2007 | May 2011 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Umaru Tanko Al-Makura]] | Gwamna | May 2011 | May 2019 |[[Congress for Progressive Change|CPC]] | |- |[[Abdullahi Sule]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1226705-inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-winner-nasarawa-guber-election.html|title=INEC declares APC’s Abdullahi Sule winner of Nasarawa guber election|last=Obichie|first=Buchi|date=2019-03-11|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en|access-date=2019-06-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-governor-elect-in-nasarawa.html|title=INEC declares APC's Abdullahi Sule Governor-elect in Nasarawa|last=Muhammad|first=Ibraheem Hamza|last2=Lafia|date=11 March 2019|website=Daily Trust|access-date=12 March 2019|archive-date=23 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323035500/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/inec-declares-apcs-abdullahi-sule-governor-elect-in-nasarawa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Gwamna |May 29, 2019 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== bw75yc0qja5wpp42to2aqgyd5r9im35 0 53125 550076 396966 2024-12-02T06:29:15Z Pharouqenr 25549 550076 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abdullahi Ibrahim''' shi ne shugaban mulkin soja na farko a [[jihar Nasarawa]], tsakanin watan Agusta shekara ta 1996 zuwa Agusta 1998 bayan an kirkiro jihar daga wani yanki na [[jihar Filato]] lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Sani Abacha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/politics/7cd278b321535bf0348a6c736de89038 |access-date=2023-07-17 |archive-date=2023-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717082209/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/politics/7cd278b321535bf0348a6c736de89038 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kafa majalisar zartarwa ta jiha kuma ya gina gidan gwamnati da sakatariyar jiha.<ref><https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Abdullahi_Ibrahim_(military_administrator)</ref> ===Manazarta=== ah7pykbhplabgc2co5eja1hzn9og8te 550077 550076 2024-12-02T06:29:43Z Pharouqenr 25549 550077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abdullahi Ibrahim''' shi ne shugaban mulkin soja na farko a [[jihar Nasarawa]], tsakanin watan Agusta shekara ta 1996 zuwa Agusta 1998 bayan an kirkiro jihar daga wani yanki na [[jihar Filato]] lokacin mulkin soja na Janar [[Sani Abacha]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/politics/7cd278b321535bf0348a6c736de89038 |access-date=2023-07-17 |archive-date=2023-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717082209/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/politics/7cd278b321535bf0348a6c736de89038 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kafa majalisar zartarwa ta jiha kuma ya gina gidan gwamnati da sakatariyar jiha.<ref><https://military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Abdullahi_Ibrahim_(military_administrator)</ref> ===Manazarta=== jqb8olsumg4f6qfpg3fimbzi5g1tupu 0 53159 550074 521483 2024-12-02T06:28:08Z Pharouqenr 25549 550074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lawal Sama'ila Yakawada''' tsohon ciyaman ne a garin giwa karamar hukumar '''Giwa''', Jihar Kaduna. Kuma tsohon sakataren<ref>https://dailytrust.com/new-boards-of-parastatals-inaugurated/</ref> gwamnatin [[Jihar Kaduna]] ne<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/tag/lawal-samaila-yakawada</ref> A lokacin marigayi gwamna [[Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa]]. Lawal Yana daga cikin wadanda ake damawa dasu a <ref>https://dailynigerian.com/kaduna-apc-welcomes/</ref>siyasar gwamnatin jihar kaduna.<ref>https://hausa.legit.ng/1181149-lawal-samaila-yakawada-da-uba-sani-na-neman-zama-sanata-a-kaduna.html</ref><ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/tag/ssg/page/7/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://belloahmadualkammawa.wordpress.com/2018/02/19/alhaji-lawal-samaila-abdullahi-yakawada-zakaran-da-allah-ya-nufa-da-cara/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-07-17 |archive-date=2023-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717221655/https://belloahmadualkammawa.wordpress.com/2018/02/19/alhaji-lawal-samaila-abdullahi-yakawada-zakaran-da-allah-ya-nufa-da-cara/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://guardian.ng/news/kaduna-govt-sets-up-65-man-transition-committee-for-may-29-handover/</ref>sannan shine me bama gwamnan jihar shawara a lokacin tsohon gwamnan [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai|Malam Nasir Ahmad elrufa I]] == Siyasa == Lawal ya koyi siyasa ne tun a gida gurin mahaifin sa kasancewar sa Yana mulkar Al,umma. lawal ya zauna tare dashi , sannan ya zauna da mutane da dama inda ya koyi siyasar mutunta mutane da kawo musu cigaba , lawal ya fara zama shugaban Al,umma tun a lokacin da yake karatu a [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] dake [[Zariya]], lawal yayi shugabancin [[Giwa (Kaduna)|karamar hukumar Giwa]], Kuma tsohon sakataren gwamnatin jihar Kaduna. == Karatu == Lawal yayi karatun sa na muhammadiyya a garin su yakawada Karamar hukumar giwa, yayi firamare acan daga Nan yazo kwalejin Sardauna dake Zaria daga Nan ya shiga jami'ar Ahmadu bello Dake Zaria. == Aure == Lawal Yana da mata guda biyu hassana wacce itace uwargida, Sai amarya asma,u, suna da Yara da dama dashi.yana da manyan yara. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} tbqd790qlqwbty77kva9hokfe0ytcu4 550075 550074 2024-12-02T06:28:32Z Pharouqenr 25549 550075 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lawal Sama'ila Yakawada''' ya kasance tsohon ciyaman ne a garin giwa karamar hukumar '''Giwa''', Jihar Kaduna. Kuma tsohon sakataren<ref>https://dailytrust.com/new-boards-of-parastatals-inaugurated/</ref> gwamnatin [[Jihar Kaduna]] ne<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/tag/lawal-samaila-yakawada</ref> A lokacin marigayi gwamna [[Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa]]. Lawal Yana daga cikin wadanda ake damawa dasu a <ref>https://dailynigerian.com/kaduna-apc-welcomes/</ref>siyasar gwamnatin jihar kaduna.<ref>https://hausa.legit.ng/1181149-lawal-samaila-yakawada-da-uba-sani-na-neman-zama-sanata-a-kaduna.html</ref><ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/tag/ssg/page/7/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://belloahmadualkammawa.wordpress.com/2018/02/19/alhaji-lawal-samaila-abdullahi-yakawada-zakaran-da-allah-ya-nufa-da-cara/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-07-17 |archive-date=2023-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717221655/https://belloahmadualkammawa.wordpress.com/2018/02/19/alhaji-lawal-samaila-abdullahi-yakawada-zakaran-da-allah-ya-nufa-da-cara/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://guardian.ng/news/kaduna-govt-sets-up-65-man-transition-committee-for-may-29-handover/</ref>sannan shine me bama gwamnan jihar shawara a lokacin tsohon gwamnan [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai|Malam Nasir Ahmad elrufa I]] == Siyasa == Lawal ya koyi siyasa ne tun a gida gurin mahaifin sa kasancewar sa Yana mulkar Al,umma. lawal ya zauna tare dashi , sannan ya zauna da mutane da dama inda ya koyi siyasar mutunta mutane da kawo musu cigaba , lawal ya fara zama shugaban Al,umma tun a lokacin da yake karatu a [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] dake [[Zariya]], lawal yayi shugabancin [[Giwa (Kaduna)|karamar hukumar Giwa]], Kuma tsohon sakataren gwamnatin jihar Kaduna. == Karatu == Lawal yayi karatun sa na muhammadiyya a garin su yakawada Karamar hukumar giwa, yayi firamare acan daga Nan yazo kwalejin Sardauna dake Zaria daga Nan ya shiga jami'ar Ahmadu bello Dake Zaria. == Aure == Lawal Yana da mata guda biyu hassana wacce itace uwargida, Sai amarya asma,u, suna da Yara da dama dashi.yana da manyan yara. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} kr5kowrcpnhq7y80m0r7po32i1inj6k 0 53163 550070 547419 2024-12-02T06:26:30Z Pharouqenr 25549 550070 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ango Abdullahi yakawada''' ya kasance farfesa ne Kuma tsohon shugaban makarantar [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] dake [[Zariya]], ya Kuma yi shugaban [[Jami'ar Umaru Musa Yar'adua]] a [[Jihar Katsina]], Yana daya daga cikin dattawan arewa <ref>https://www.theabusites.com/professor-ango-abdullahi/?amp</ref><ref>https://dailytrust.com/how-i-became-abus-vc-at-40-ango-abdullahi/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/01/vanguard-award-ango-abdullahi-accomplished-academic-elder-statesman/amp/</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/news/2015/03/150319_nigeria_elder_attack.amp</ref><ref>https://www.theabusites.com/prof-abdullahi-mustapha-the-13th-vc-of-abu-zaria/</ref><ref>https://www.theabusites.com/prof-abdullahi-mustapha-the-13th-vc-of-abu-zaria/</ref> yana cikin manyan mutane a fadin Nigeria. == Karatun sa == Yayi firamare a Ralmadadi firamare a katsina a shekarar ta 1955 anan,yayi sakandiri a sakandirin Dake cikin garin katsina a anan yayi sakandiri. daga Nan ya shiga kwalejin gwamnatin a keffi a shekarar 1968 a Nan yasami satifiket. daga Nan ya shiga jami'ar Ahmadu bello Zaria yayi digiri inda ya Karanci fannin magani watau famasi a shekarar 1973, ya Kuma cigaba da karatu inda ya tafi jami'ar landan inda yayi PhD dinsa watau dakta a fannin magunguna. == Rayuwar sa == An haifeshi ranar 1 ga watan fabrairu shekarar 1948, mahaifin sa Dan jihar katsina ne , mahaifiyar sa Kuma yar garin Kano ce jihar Kano.<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/bandits-abduct-prof-ango-abdullahis-daughter-in-law-her-four-children-in-kaduna/</ref>an haife shi a cikin garin karamar hukumar GIWA kaduna state, a cikin garin yakawada gumduma ce a karkashin karamar hukumar GIWA. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1948]] jr2eoemwfwxpn912sjc7u4qpv42lvew 550072 550070 2024-12-02T06:27:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 550072 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ango Abdullahi yakawada''' ya kasance farfesa ne Kuma tsohon shugaban makarantar [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] dake [[Zariya]], ya Kuma yi shugaban [[Jami'ar Umaru Musa Yar'adua]] a [[Jihar Katsina]], Yana daya daga cikin dattawan arewa <ref>https://www.theabusites.com/professor-ango-abdullahi/?amp</ref><ref>https://dailytrust.com/how-i-became-abus-vc-at-40-ango-abdullahi/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/01/vanguard-award-ango-abdullahi-accomplished-academic-elder-statesman/amp/</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/news/2015/03/150319_nigeria_elder_attack.amp</ref><ref>https://www.theabusites.com/prof-abdullahi-mustapha-the-13th-vc-of-abu-zaria/</ref><ref>https://www.theabusites.com/prof-abdullahi-mustapha-the-13th-vc-of-abu-zaria/</ref> yana cikin manyan mutane a fadin [[Najeriya|Nigeria]]. == Karatun sa == Yayi firamare a Ralmadadi firamare a katsina a shekarar ta 1955 anan,yayi sakandiri a sakandirin Dake cikin garin katsina a anan yayi sakandiri. daga Nan ya shiga kwalejin gwamnatin a keffi a shekarar 1968 a Nan yasami satifiket. daga Nan ya shiga jami'ar Ahmadu bello Zaria yayi digiri inda ya Karanci fannin magani watau famasi a shekarar 1973, ya Kuma cigaba da karatu inda ya tafi jami'ar landan inda yayi PhD dinsa watau dakta a fannin magunguna. == Rayuwar sa == An haifeshi ranar 1 ga watan fabrairu shekarar 1948, mahaifin sa Dan jihar katsina ne , mahaifiyar sa Kuma yar garin Kano ce jihar Kano.<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/bandits-abduct-prof-ango-abdullahis-daughter-in-law-her-four-children-in-kaduna/</ref>an haife shi a cikin garin karamar hukumar GIWA kaduna state, a cikin garin yakawada gumduma ce a karkashin karamar hukumar GIWA. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1948]] jcbu04a813iwsdxvzagljs2cepskbeu 550073 550072 2024-12-02T06:27:37Z Pharouqenr 25549 550073 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ango Abdullahi yakawada''' ya kasance farfesa ne Kuma tsohon shugaban makarantar [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]] dake [[Zariya]], ya Kuma yi shugaban [[Jami'ar Umaru Musa Yar'adua]] a [[Jihar Katsina]], Yana daya daga cikin dattawan arewa <ref>https://www.theabusites.com/professor-ango-abdullahi/?amp</ref><ref>https://dailytrust.com/how-i-became-abus-vc-at-40-ango-abdullahi/</ref><ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/01/vanguard-award-ango-abdullahi-accomplished-academic-elder-statesman/amp/</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/news/2015/03/150319_nigeria_elder_attack.amp</ref><ref>https://www.theabusites.com/prof-abdullahi-mustapha-the-13th-vc-of-abu-zaria/</ref><ref>https://www.theabusites.com/prof-abdullahi-mustapha-the-13th-vc-of-abu-zaria/</ref> yana cikin manyan mutane a fadin [[Najeriya|Nigeria]]. == Karatun sa == Yayi firamare a Ralmadadi firamare a jihar katsina a shekarar ta 1955 anan,yayi sakandiri a sakandirin Dake cikin garin katsina a anan yayi sakandiri. daga Nan ya shiga kwalejin gwamnatin a keffi a shekarar 1968 a Nan yasami satifiket. daga Nan ya shiga jami'ar Ahmadu bello Zaria yayi digiri inda ya Karanci fannin magani watau famasi a shekarar 1973, ya Kuma cigaba da karatu inda ya tafi jami'ar landan inda yayi PhD dinsa watau dakta a fannin magunguna. == Rayuwar sa == An haifeshi ranar 1 ga watan fabrairu shekarar 1948, mahaifin sa Dan jihar katsina ne , mahaifiyar sa Kuma yar garin Kano ce jihar Kano.<ref>https://tribuneonlineng.com/bandits-abduct-prof-ango-abdullahis-daughter-in-law-her-four-children-in-kaduna/</ref>an haife shi a cikin garin karamar hukumar GIWA kaduna state, a cikin garin yakawada gumduma ce a karkashin karamar hukumar GIWA. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1948]] hyqv8uvloztnuzoylmivbatci0evv2h 0 53180 550068 513972 2024-12-02T06:24:55Z Pharouqenr 25549 550068 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Flag of Anambra State.png|thumb|Anambra Tuta]] [[Fayil:Anambra.jpg|thumb|Gidan Gwamnatin Anambra ]] '''Wannan shine jerin sunayen masu gudanarwa da gwamnonin [[jihar Anambra]].''' An kafa jihar Anambra, [[Najeriya]] a ranar 3 ga Fabrairun 1976 lokacin da aka raba jihar Gabas ta Tsakiya zuwa jihohin Anambra da Imo (Owerri). {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !No !Suna !Matsayi !Shiga ofis !Barin ofis !Jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |1 |[[John Kpera|John Atom Kpera]]<ref name="Nwachukwu 2017">{{cite web | last=Nwachukwu | first=John Owen | title=Role I played in 1966 coup - General Atom Kpera | website=Daily Post Nigeria | date=2017-12-31 | url=https://dailypost.ng/2017/12/31/role-played-1966-coup-general-atom-kpera/ | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamnan soji |March 1976 |July 1978 |Soja |--valign="top" |2 |Col. [[Datti Abubakar|Datti Sadiq Abubakar]]<ref name="Nigeria Postal Code 2022">{{cite web | title=List of Anambra State Governors from 1960 till Date with their Political Party » List | website=Nigeria Postal Code | date=2022-09-24 | url=https://nairapostalcode.com.ng/editorial/list/list-of-anambra-state-governors/ | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamna |July 1978 |October 1979 | soja | |--valign="top" |3 |[[Jim Nwobodo]]<ref name="Jim Nwobodo.. Rebuilding Nigeria 1940">{{cite web | title=Jim Nwobodo: Biography | website=Jim Nwobodo.. Rebuilding Nigeria | date=1940-05-09 | url=http://www.jimnwobodo.com/bio.htm | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamna |October 1979 |October 1983 |[[Nigerian People's Party|NPP]] | |--valign="top" |4 |[[Christian Onoh]]<ref name=obit>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200905150134.html |title=Christian Onoh (1927 - 2009) |date=14 May 2009 |publisher=ThisDay |accessdate=2009-12-14}}</ref> |Gwamna |October 1983 |December 1983 |[[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] | |--valign="top" |5 |[[Allison Madueke]] |Gwamnan soji |January 1984 |August 1985 | soja | |--valign="top" |6 |[[Samson Omeruah]]<ref name="Ndubuoke 2016">{{cite web | last=Ndubuoke | first=Fan | title=Emeka Omeruah: Leader of the golden era – The Sun Nigeria | website=The Sun Nigeria | date=2016-12-03 | url=https://sunnewsonline.com/emeka-omeruah-leader-of-the-golden-era/ | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamnan soji |August 1985 |December 1987 | soja | |--valign="top" |7 |[[Robert Akonobi]]<ref name=wstate>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |title=Nigerian States |publisher=WorldStatesmen |accessdate=2010-05-10}}</ref> |Gwamnan soji |December 1987 |August 1990 | soja | |--valign="top" |8 |[[Herbert Eze]]<ref name="Bankole 2021">{{cite web | last=Bankole | first=Idowu | title=Eze War’s last bullet | website=Vanguard News | date=2021-10-02 | url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/10/eze-wars-last-bullet/ | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamnan soji |August 1990 |January 1992 | soja | |--valign="top" |9 |[[Joseph Abulu]] ||mai Gudanarwa |27 August 1991 |January 1992 | soja | |--valign="top" |10 |[[Chukwuemeka Ezeife]] |Gwamna |2 January 1992 |17 November 1993 | [[Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)|SDP]] | |--valign="top" |11 |[[Dabo Aliyu]] ||mai Gudanarwa na Rikon kwarya |November 1993 |December 1993 | Dan Sanda | |--valign="top" |12 |[[Mike Attah]] ||mai Gudanarwa |9 December 1993 |21 August 1996 | soja | |--valign="top" |13 |[[Rufai Garba]] ||mai Gudanarwa |21 August 1996 |6 August 1998 | soja | |--valign="top" |14 |[[Emmanuel Ukaegbu]] |mai Gudanarwa |6 August 1998 |29 May 1999 | Soja | |--valign="top" |15 |[[Chinwoke Mbadinuju]] |Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2003 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |16 |[[Chris Ngige]] |Gwamna |29 May 2003 |17 March 2006 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |17 |[[Peter Obi]] |Gwamna |17 March 2006 |3 November 2006 |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] | |--valign="top" |18 |[[Virginia Etiaba]] |Gwamna |3 November 2006 |9 February 2007 |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] |Appointed when the previous governor, Peter Obi, was impeached by the state legislature for alleged gross misconduct. She transferred her powers back to Peter Obi three months later when an appeal court nullified the impeachment. |--valign="top" |19 |[[Peter Obi]] |Gwamna |9 February 2007 |17 March 2014 |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] |Emmanuel Nnamdi Uba ([[Andy Uba]]) was elected and sworn in as the governor of Anambra State on 27 May 2007. He was removed by a supreme court decision on 14 June 2007. He governed the State for 14 days. |--valign="top" |20 |[[Willie Obiano]] |Gwamna |17 March 2014 |17 March 2022 |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] |Chief Willie Maduabuchukwu Obiano was sworn in on 17 March 2014 as the new governor after the expiration of the Peter Obi second term, haven won 16 November 2013 election. He was reelected for second term on 18 November 2017. |--valign="top" |21 |[[Charles Chukwuma Soludo]] |Gwamna | 17 March 2022 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] |Soludo was sworn into office on March 17, 2022. |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== kqkk4j5b0x67bj5un3skczopxpeyv5d 550069 550068 2024-12-02T06:25:41Z Pharouqenr 25549 550069 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Flag of Anambra State.png|thumb|Anambra Tuta]] [[Fayil:Anambra.jpg|thumb|Gidan Gwamnatin Anambra ]] '''Wannan shine jerin sunayen masu gudanarwa da gwamnonin [[jihar Anambra]].''' An kafa jihar [[Anambra]], [[Najeriya]] a ranar 3 ga Fabrairun 1976 lokacin da aka raba jihar Gabas ta Tsakiya zuwa jihohin Anambra da Imo (Owerri). {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !No !Suna !Matsayi !Shiga ofis !Barin ofis !Jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |1 |[[John Kpera|John Atom Kpera]]<ref name="Nwachukwu 2017">{{cite web | last=Nwachukwu | first=John Owen | title=Role I played in 1966 coup - General Atom Kpera | website=Daily Post Nigeria | date=2017-12-31 | url=https://dailypost.ng/2017/12/31/role-played-1966-coup-general-atom-kpera/ | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamnan soji |March 1976 |July 1978 |Soja |--valign="top" |2 |Col. [[Datti Abubakar|Datti Sadiq Abubakar]]<ref name="Nigeria Postal Code 2022">{{cite web | title=List of Anambra State Governors from 1960 till Date with their Political Party » List | website=Nigeria Postal Code | date=2022-09-24 | url=https://nairapostalcode.com.ng/editorial/list/list-of-anambra-state-governors/ | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamna |July 1978 |October 1979 | soja | |--valign="top" |3 |[[Jim Nwobodo]]<ref name="Jim Nwobodo.. Rebuilding Nigeria 1940">{{cite web | title=Jim Nwobodo: Biography | website=Jim Nwobodo.. Rebuilding Nigeria | date=1940-05-09 | url=http://www.jimnwobodo.com/bio.htm | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamna |October 1979 |October 1983 |[[Nigerian People's Party|NPP]] | |--valign="top" |4 |[[Christian Onoh]]<ref name=obit>{{cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200905150134.html |title=Christian Onoh (1927 - 2009) |date=14 May 2009 |publisher=ThisDay |accessdate=2009-12-14}}</ref> |Gwamna |October 1983 |December 1983 |[[National Party of Nigeria|NPN]] | |--valign="top" |5 |[[Allison Madueke]] |Gwamnan soji |January 1984 |August 1985 | soja | |--valign="top" |6 |[[Samson Omeruah]]<ref name="Ndubuoke 2016">{{cite web | last=Ndubuoke | first=Fan | title=Emeka Omeruah: Leader of the golden era – The Sun Nigeria | website=The Sun Nigeria | date=2016-12-03 | url=https://sunnewsonline.com/emeka-omeruah-leader-of-the-golden-era/ | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamnan soji |August 1985 |December 1987 | soja | |--valign="top" |7 |[[Robert Akonobi]]<ref name=wstate>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm |title=Nigerian States |publisher=WorldStatesmen |accessdate=2010-05-10}}</ref> |Gwamnan soji |December 1987 |August 1990 | soja | |--valign="top" |8 |[[Herbert Eze]]<ref name="Bankole 2021">{{cite web | last=Bankole | first=Idowu | title=Eze War’s last bullet | website=Vanguard News | date=2021-10-02 | url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/10/eze-wars-last-bullet/ | access-date=2023-06-04}}</ref> |Gwamnan soji |August 1990 |January 1992 | soja | |--valign="top" |9 |[[Joseph Abulu]] ||mai Gudanarwa |27 August 1991 |January 1992 | soja | |--valign="top" |10 |[[Chukwuemeka Ezeife]] |Gwamna |2 January 1992 |17 November 1993 | [[Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)|SDP]] | |--valign="top" |11 |[[Dabo Aliyu]] ||mai Gudanarwa na Rikon kwarya |November 1993 |December 1993 | Dan Sanda | |--valign="top" |12 |[[Mike Attah]] ||mai Gudanarwa |9 December 1993 |21 August 1996 | soja | |--valign="top" |13 |[[Rufai Garba]] ||mai Gudanarwa |21 August 1996 |6 August 1998 | soja | |--valign="top" |14 |[[Emmanuel Ukaegbu]] |mai Gudanarwa |6 August 1998 |29 May 1999 | Soja | |--valign="top" |15 |[[Chinwoke Mbadinuju]] |Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2003 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |16 |[[Chris Ngige]] |Gwamna |29 May 2003 |17 March 2006 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |17 |[[Peter Obi]] |Gwamna |17 March 2006 |3 November 2006 |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] | |--valign="top" |18 |[[Virginia Etiaba]] |Gwamna |3 November 2006 |9 February 2007 |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] |Appointed when the previous governor, Peter Obi, was impeached by the state legislature for alleged gross misconduct. She transferred her powers back to Peter Obi three months later when an appeal court nullified the impeachment. |--valign="top" |19 |[[Peter Obi]] |Gwamna |9 February 2007 |17 March 2014 |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] |Emmanuel Nnamdi Uba ([[Andy Uba]]) was elected and sworn in as the governor of Anambra State on 27 May 2007. He was removed by a supreme court decision on 14 June 2007. He governed the State for 14 days. |--valign="top" |20 |[[Willie Obiano]] |Gwamna |17 March 2014 |17 March 2022 |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] |Chief Willie Maduabuchukwu Obiano was sworn in on 17 March 2014 as the new governor after the expiration of the Peter Obi second term, haven won 16 November 2013 election. He was reelected for second term on 18 November 2017. |--valign="top" |21 |[[Charles Chukwuma Soludo]] |Gwamna | 17 March 2022 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Grand Alliance|APGA]] |Soludo was sworn into office on March 17, 2022. |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== haswze3c4mtloqgecfwbiefh1mf7np0 0 53181 550066 463729 2024-12-02T06:23:43Z Pharouqenr 25549 550066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Jihar [[Ebonyi]], [[Najeriya]] ta [[Kasancewa|kasance]] [[Karkashin korama|karkashin]] jagorancin [[Gwamnonin Najeriya|gwamnoni]] da masu gudanarwa tun lokacin da aka kirkiro ta a watan Oktoba 1996 daga tsohuwar reshen Abakaliki na jihar Enugu da tsohuwar yankin Afikpo na [[jihar Abia]]ta gwamnatin Abacha. {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:98%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !Mukami !Shiga Ofis !Barin Ofis !Jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin Bayani |--valign="top" |[[Walter Feghabo]] | Mai Gudanarwa |7 October 1996 |August 1998 | Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Simeon Oduoye]] |Mai Gudanarwa |August 1998 |May 1999 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Sam Egwu]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-18 |title=2023: Ebonyi governorship and zoning controversy |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/2023-ebonyi-governorship-and-zoning-controversy/ |access-date=2022-02-28 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Martin Elechi]] | Gwamna |29 May 2007 |29 May 2015 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Dave Umahi]]<ref name="Banjo 2022">{{cite web | last=Banjo | first=Noah | title=BREAKING: Court sacks Umahi, deputy over defection to APC | website=Punch Newspapers | date=2022-03-08 | url=https://punchng.com/breaking-court-sacks-umahi-deputy-over-defection-to-apc/ | access-date=2023-06-09}}</ref><ref name="Olabimtan 2022">{{cite web | last=Olabimtan | first=Bolanle | title=Court sacks Umahi, deputy over defection to APC | website=TheCable | date=2022-03-08 | url=https://www.thecable.ng/breaking-court-sacks-umahi-deputy-over-defection-to-apc | access-date=2023-06-09}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 2015 |29 May 2023 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] <br> [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] {{small|January 2021}} |Defected to the APC, was sacked by [[Federal High Court of Nigeria|Federal High Court]], but was reinstated by [[Nigerian Courts of Appeal|Court of Appeal]] |- |[[Francis Nwifuru]]<ref name="The Sun Nigeria 2023">{{cite web | title=Nwifuru sworn in as Ebonyi's 4th executive governor – The Sun Nigeria | website=The Sun Nigeria | date=2023-05-29 | url=https://sunnewsonline.com/nwifuru-sworn-in-as-ebonyis-4th-executive-governor/ | access-date=2023-06-09}}</ref><ref name="Nnachi 2023">{{cite web | last=Nnachi | first=Edward | title=Nwifuru sworn in as Umahi’s successor | website=Punch Newspapers | date=2023-05-29 | url=https://punchng.com/nwifuru-sworn-in-as-umahis-successor/ | access-date=2023-06-09}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 2023 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |} </onlyinclude> ==Manazarta== pauz4gmnctc1pnqxasvbacfao17gmid 550067 550066 2024-12-02T06:24:03Z Pharouqenr 25549 550067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Jihar [[Ebonyi]], [[Najeriya]] ta [[Kasancewa|kasance]] [[Karkashin korama|karkashin]] jagorancin [[Gwamnonin Najeriya|gwamnoni]] da masu gudanarwa tun lokacin da aka kirkiro ta a watan Oktoba 1996 daga tsohuwar reshen Abakaliki na jihar [[Enugu]] da tsohuwar yankin Afikpo na [[jihar Abia]]ta gwamnatin Abacha. {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:98%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !Mukami !Shiga Ofis !Barin Ofis !Jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin Bayani |--valign="top" |[[Walter Feghabo]] | Mai Gudanarwa |7 October 1996 |August 1998 | Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Simeon Oduoye]] |Mai Gudanarwa |August 1998 |May 1999 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[Sam Egwu]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-18 |title=2023: Ebonyi governorship and zoning controversy |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/2023-ebonyi-governorship-and-zoning-controversy/ |access-date=2022-02-28 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Martin Elechi]] | Gwamna |29 May 2007 |29 May 2015 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Dave Umahi]]<ref name="Banjo 2022">{{cite web | last=Banjo | first=Noah | title=BREAKING: Court sacks Umahi, deputy over defection to APC | website=Punch Newspapers | date=2022-03-08 | url=https://punchng.com/breaking-court-sacks-umahi-deputy-over-defection-to-apc/ | access-date=2023-06-09}}</ref><ref name="Olabimtan 2022">{{cite web | last=Olabimtan | first=Bolanle | title=Court sacks Umahi, deputy over defection to APC | website=TheCable | date=2022-03-08 | url=https://www.thecable.ng/breaking-court-sacks-umahi-deputy-over-defection-to-apc | access-date=2023-06-09}}</ref> | Gwamna |29 May 2015 |29 May 2023 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] <br> [[All Progressives Congress|APC]] {{small|January 2021}} |Defected to the APC, was sacked by [[Federal High Court of Nigeria|Federal High Court]], but was reinstated by [[Nigerian Courts of Appeal|Court of Appeal]] |- |[[Francis Nwifuru]]<ref name="The Sun Nigeria 2023">{{cite web | title=Nwifuru sworn in as Ebonyi's 4th executive governor – The Sun Nigeria | website=The Sun Nigeria | date=2023-05-29 | url=https://sunnewsonline.com/nwifuru-sworn-in-as-ebonyis-4th-executive-governor/ | access-date=2023-06-09}}</ref><ref name="Nnachi 2023">{{cite web | last=Nnachi | first=Edward | title=Nwifuru sworn in as Umahi’s successor | website=Punch Newspapers | date=2023-05-29 | url=https://punchng.com/nwifuru-sworn-in-as-umahis-successor/ | access-date=2023-06-09}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 2023 |Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] | |} </onlyinclude> ==Manazarta== fhm99q9varmvfpgwux9y6cweiis1nzo 0 53183 550063 335067 2024-12-02T06:22:40Z Pharouqenr 25549 550063 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shine jerin gwamnoni da masu gudanar da mulki na [[jihar Edo]], Najeriya. wanda aka kafa a ranar 27 ga watan Agustan 1991 lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar jihar Bendel zuwa jihar Edo da jihar Delta. [[File:State -Edo.png|alt=Photo showing the map of Edo State|thumb|306x306px|Photo showing the map of Edo State]] {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:80%; margin:auto; table-align:left; text-align:left" |- !Suna !Matsayi !Farkon Mulki !Karshen Mulki !Jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |Colonel [[John Ewerekumoh Yeri]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Colonel John Ewerekumoh yeri (August 1990 – August 1991) Bendel state &(August 1991 – January 1992) Edo State | website=Edo State Government | date=2016-03-11 | url=https://www.edostate.gov.ng/colonel-john-ewerekumoh-yeri-august-1990-august-1991-bendel-state-august-1991-january-1992-edo-state/ | access-date=2023-06-09 | archive-date=2023-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609065303/https://www.edostate.gov.ng/colonel-john-ewerekumoh-yeri-august-1990-august-1991-bendel-state-august-1991-january-1992-edo-state/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gwamna |Aug 1990 |Jan 1992 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[John Odigie Oyegun|John E.K. Odigie Oyegun]]<ref name=interview>{{cite web |url = http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/8140/1/Lessons-life-has-taught-me-John-Odigie-Oyegun-ex-Edo-State-governor/Page1.html |title = Lessons life has taught me — John Odigie-Oyegun, ex-Edo State governor |author = Joke Kujenya |date = 2009-06-27 |newspaper = The Nation |access-date = 2009-12-28 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100519134201/http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/8140/1/Lessons-life-has-taught-me-John-Odigie-Oyegun-ex-Edo-State-governor/Page1.html |archive-date = 2010-05-19 }}</ref> |Gwamna |Jan 1992 |Nov 1993 | SDP | |--valign="top" |Colonel [[Mohammed Abul-Salam Onuka]]<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.edostate.gov.ng/past_govs.php |title = Past Governors in Edo State |publisher = Edo State Government |accessdate = 2009-12-28 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20091203132009/http://www.edostate.gov.ng/past_govs.php |archivedate = 2009-12-03 }}</ref> |Mai Gudanarwa |9 Dec 1993 |14 Sep 1994 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Colonel [[Bassey Asuquo]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Colonel Bassey Asuquo (14 September 1994 – 22 August 1996) | website=Edo State Government | date=2016-03-11 | url=https://www.edostate.gov.ng/colonel-bassey-asuquo-14-september-1994-22-august-1996/ | access-date=2023-06-09 | archive-date=2023-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609070259/https://www.edostate.gov.ng/colonel-bassey-asuquo-14-september-1994-22-august-1996/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> |Mai Gudanarwa |14 Sep 1994 |22 Aug 1996 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Group Captain [[Baba Adamu Iyam]] |Soja |22 Aug 1996 |7 Aug 1998 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Navy Captain [[Anthony Onyearugbulem]] | Mai Gudanarwa |7 Aug 1998 |29 May 1999 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Chief [[Lucky Igbinedion]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-11 |title=EFCC detains ex-governor Igbinedion over alleged N1.6 bilion fraud |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/494931-efcc-detains-ex-governor-igbinedion-over-alleged-n1-6-bilion-fraud.html |access-date=2022-05-25 |language=en-GB}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |Professor [[Oserheimen Osunbor]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt |title=FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA LEGISLATIVE ELECTION OF 20 FEBRUARY AND 7 MARCH 1999 |work=Psephos |access-date=2010-06-22}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 2007 |12 November 2008 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] |Removed by Court Judgment invalidating his election. |- |Comrade [[Adams Oshiomhole|Adams A. Oshiomhole]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/04/oshiomhole-65-dogged-labour-leader-political-machine|title=Oshiomhole @ 65: From a dogged labour leader to a political machine|last=Ebegbulem|first=Simon|date=2 April 2017|accessdate=27 June 2020|publisher=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]}}</ref> |Gwamna |12 November 2008 |12 November 2016 |[[All Progressive Congress|APC]] |[[Action Congress|AC]] which later merged with some other political parties to become [[All Progressive Congress|APC]] in 2016 |- |[[Godwin Obaseki]]<ref name="About">{{cite web |title=About |url=https://www.godwinobaseki.com/about/ |website=Godwin Nogheghase Obaseki, Governor Edo State |access-date=6 October 2021 |archive-date=1 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601225705/https://www.godwinobaseki.com/About |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2016/09/29/inec-declares-godwin-obaseki-winner-of-edo-governorship-election/|title=INEC Declares Godwin Obaseki Winner Of Edo Governorship Election • Channels Television|author=|date=29 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=29 September 2016|via=www.channelstv.com}}</ref> |Gwamna |12 November 2016 |Incumbent |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] but later defected to the [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] after being disqualified from contesting in the party primaries.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2020-06-20|title=Edo 2020: Obaseki joins PDP|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/398491-breaking-edo-2020-obaseki-joins-pdp.html|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-20|website=Premium Times}}</ref> |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== 14fqhzrmlpmwdbylswv439ndj9deniu 550064 550063 2024-12-02T06:23:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 550064 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shine jerin gwamnoni da masu gudanar da mulki na [[jihar Edo]], [[Najeriya]]. wanda aka kafa a ranar 27 ga watan Agustan 1991 lokacin da aka raba tsohuwar jihar Bendel zuwa jihar Edo da jihar Delta. [[File:State -Edo.png|alt=Photo showing the map of Edo State|thumb|306x306px|Photo showing the map of Edo State]] {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:80%; margin:auto; table-align:left; text-align:left" |- !Suna !Matsayi !Farkon Mulki !Karshen Mulki !Jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |Colonel [[John Ewerekumoh Yeri]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Colonel John Ewerekumoh yeri (August 1990 – August 1991) Bendel state &(August 1991 – January 1992) Edo State | website=Edo State Government | date=2016-03-11 | url=https://www.edostate.gov.ng/colonel-john-ewerekumoh-yeri-august-1990-august-1991-bendel-state-august-1991-january-1992-edo-state/ | access-date=2023-06-09 | archive-date=2023-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609065303/https://www.edostate.gov.ng/colonel-john-ewerekumoh-yeri-august-1990-august-1991-bendel-state-august-1991-january-1992-edo-state/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gwamna |Aug 1990 |Jan 1992 |Soja | |--valign="top" |[[John Odigie Oyegun|John E.K. Odigie Oyegun]]<ref name=interview>{{cite web |url = http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/8140/1/Lessons-life-has-taught-me-John-Odigie-Oyegun-ex-Edo-State-governor/Page1.html |title = Lessons life has taught me — John Odigie-Oyegun, ex-Edo State governor |author = Joke Kujenya |date = 2009-06-27 |newspaper = The Nation |access-date = 2009-12-28 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100519134201/http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/8140/1/Lessons-life-has-taught-me-John-Odigie-Oyegun-ex-Edo-State-governor/Page1.html |archive-date = 2010-05-19 }}</ref> |Gwamna |Jan 1992 |Nov 1993 | SDP | |--valign="top" |Colonel [[Mohammed Abul-Salam Onuka]]<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.edostate.gov.ng/past_govs.php |title = Past Governors in Edo State |publisher = Edo State Government |accessdate = 2009-12-28 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20091203132009/http://www.edostate.gov.ng/past_govs.php |archivedate = 2009-12-03 }}</ref> |Mai Gudanarwa |9 Dec 1993 |14 Sep 1994 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Colonel [[Bassey Asuquo]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Colonel Bassey Asuquo (14 September 1994 – 22 August 1996) | website=Edo State Government | date=2016-03-11 | url=https://www.edostate.gov.ng/colonel-bassey-asuquo-14-september-1994-22-august-1996/ | access-date=2023-06-09 | archive-date=2023-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609070259/https://www.edostate.gov.ng/colonel-bassey-asuquo-14-september-1994-22-august-1996/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> |Mai Gudanarwa |14 Sep 1994 |22 Aug 1996 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Group Captain [[Baba Adamu Iyam]] |Soja |22 Aug 1996 |7 Aug 1998 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Navy Captain [[Anthony Onyearugbulem]] | Mai Gudanarwa |7 Aug 1998 |29 May 1999 |Soja | |--valign="top" |Chief [[Lucky Igbinedion]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-11 |title=EFCC detains ex-governor Igbinedion over alleged N1.6 bilion fraud |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/494931-efcc-detains-ex-governor-igbinedion-over-alleged-n1-6-bilion-fraud.html |access-date=2022-05-25 |language=en-GB}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 1999 |29 May 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |Professor [[Oserheimen Osunbor]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt |title=FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA LEGISLATIVE ELECTION OF 20 FEBRUARY AND 7 MARCH 1999 |work=Psephos |access-date=2010-06-22}}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 2007 |12 November 2008 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] |Removed by Court Judgment invalidating his election. |- |Comrade [[Adams Oshiomhole|Adams A. Oshiomhole]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/04/oshiomhole-65-dogged-labour-leader-political-machine|title=Oshiomhole @ 65: From a dogged labour leader to a political machine|last=Ebegbulem|first=Simon|date=2 April 2017|accessdate=27 June 2020|publisher=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]}}</ref> |Gwamna |12 November 2008 |12 November 2016 |[[All Progressive Congress|APC]] |[[Action Congress|AC]] which later merged with some other political parties to become [[All Progressive Congress|APC]] in 2016 |- |[[Godwin Obaseki]]<ref name="About">{{cite web |title=About |url=https://www.godwinobaseki.com/about/ |website=Godwin Nogheghase Obaseki, Governor Edo State |access-date=6 October 2021 |archive-date=1 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601225705/https://www.godwinobaseki.com/About |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2016/09/29/inec-declares-godwin-obaseki-winner-of-edo-governorship-election/|title=INEC Declares Godwin Obaseki Winner Of Edo Governorship Election • Channels Television|author=|date=29 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=29 September 2016|via=www.channelstv.com}}</ref> |Gwamna |12 November 2016 |Incumbent |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] but later defected to the [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] after being disqualified from contesting in the party primaries.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2020-06-20|title=Edo 2020: Obaseki joins PDP|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/398491-breaking-edo-2020-obaseki-joins-pdp.html|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-20|website=Premium Times}}</ref> |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== kzrvramydj7ec3j0ie1frdedzlfcm1d 0 53186 550061 417867 2024-12-02T06:21:41Z Pharouqenr 25549 550061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Hadiza Muhammad Sani''' wacce akafi sani da hadiza kabara yar wasan Hausa fim ce ta masana'antar [[kannywood]] ta shiga masana'antar fim ta Hausa a shekarar 1998.fim din daya fara fito da ita akafi sanin ta dashi shine fim din Allura da zare, SE Kuma fim dinta na shekarar 2019 Akeela da Kuma gidan badamasi na Tashar arewa 24 da Kuma gidan badamasi arewa 24.ta Kara aure ta haihu yaran ta sun zama guda biyu.<ref>https://hausa.leadership.ng/iyayena-ba-su-kalubalanci-shigata-harkar-fim-ba-hadiza-kabara/</ref> == Aure == Jarumar tayi aure bayan shigowarta masana'antar fim din da shekara hudu inda ta auri darakta a masana'antar Mai <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200902230860.html</ref>suna Muhammad kabara Wanda <ref>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rvacN3UFBw0</ref><ref>https://manuniya.com/2023/01/27/tattaunawa-jaruma-hadiza-kabara-wato-lantana-da%C9%97in-kowa-ina-da-tsokana-da-fa%C9%97a/</ref> dashi akafi sanin ta,<ref>https://hausa.legit.ng/1295935-har-yanzu-ina-nan-ban-yi-bankwana-da-kannywood-ba---hadiza-kabara.html</ref><ref>https://celebs.filmifeed.com/wiki/hadiza-kabara/</ref> sun haifi yarinya Mai suna bilkisu dashi kafin suka rabu<ref>https://m.imdb.com/name/nm4449816/bio/</ref>, ta sake dawowa kanniwud ta cigaba da fim.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://fimmagazine.com/hausa/index.php/taurari/389-ban-bar-kannywood-ba-inji-hadiza-kabara |access-date=2023-07-18 |archive-date=2023-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718090456/https://fimmagazine.com/hausa/index.php/taurari/389-ban-bar-kannywood-ba-inji-hadiza-kabara |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/b2e214e356afc98b4e95b837a0d306d3 |access-date=2023-07-18 |archive-date=2023-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718090450/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/b2e214e356afc98b4e95b837a0d306d3 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Taƙaitaccen tarihin == Jarumar Haifaaffiyar garin Kano ce a yakasai kusa da masallacin jalli daga Nan aiki ya dawo da iyayena challawa wajen fanshekara nayi firamare a fanshekara firamare da sakandiri a sakandirn gwamnatin ta mata na larabci a babura,daga Nan nashiga masana'antar fim ta Hausa. == Manazarta == n324l16mat2dq2xq8e1lzvluow2yaf3 550062 550061 2024-12-02T06:22:03Z Pharouqenr 25549 550062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Hadiza Muhammad Sani''' wacce akafi sani da hadiza kabara yar wasan Hausa fim ce ta masana'antar [[kannywood]] ta shiga masana'antar fim ta [[Hausa]] a shekarar 1998.fim din daya fara fito da ita akafi sanin ta dashi shine fim din Allura da zare, SE Kuma fim dinta na shekarar 2019 Akeela da Kuma gidan badamasi na Tashar arewa 24 da Kuma gidan badamasi arewa 24.ta Kara aure ta haihu yaran ta sun zama guda biyu.<ref>https://hausa.leadership.ng/iyayena-ba-su-kalubalanci-shigata-harkar-fim-ba-hadiza-kabara/</ref> == Aure == Jarumar tayi aure bayan shigowarta masana'antar fim din da shekara hudu inda ta auri darakta a masana'antar Mai <ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/200902230860.html</ref>suna Muhammad kabara Wanda <ref>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rvacN3UFBw0</ref><ref>https://manuniya.com/2023/01/27/tattaunawa-jaruma-hadiza-kabara-wato-lantana-da%C9%97in-kowa-ina-da-tsokana-da-fa%C9%97a/</ref> dashi akafi sanin ta,<ref>https://hausa.legit.ng/1295935-har-yanzu-ina-nan-ban-yi-bankwana-da-kannywood-ba---hadiza-kabara.html</ref><ref>https://celebs.filmifeed.com/wiki/hadiza-kabara/</ref> sun haifi yarinya Mai suna bilkisu dashi kafin suka rabu<ref>https://m.imdb.com/name/nm4449816/bio/</ref>, ta sake dawowa kanniwud ta cigaba da fim.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://fimmagazine.com/hausa/index.php/taurari/389-ban-bar-kannywood-ba-inji-hadiza-kabara |access-date=2023-07-18 |archive-date=2023-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718090456/https://fimmagazine.com/hausa/index.php/taurari/389-ban-bar-kannywood-ba-inji-hadiza-kabara |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/b2e214e356afc98b4e95b837a0d306d3 |access-date=2023-07-18 |archive-date=2023-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718090450/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/b2e214e356afc98b4e95b837a0d306d3 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Taƙaitaccen tarihin == Jarumar Haifaaffiyar garin Kano ce a yakasai kusa da masallacin jalli daga Nan aiki ya dawo da iyayena challawa wajen fanshekara nayi firamare a fanshekara firamare da sakandiri a sakandirn gwamnatin ta mata na larabci a babura,daga Nan nashiga masana'antar fim ta Hausa. == Manazarta == bhi3dtxso36e2qn8qlord7xwp1z8ea0 0 53187 550059 439693 2024-12-02T06:19:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 550059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abida Muhammad''' <ref>http://lucky-wap-ams.op-mobile.opera.com/detail/s470f95b3200719en_ng?uid=9ded5e32508fa63021554e1c4431a5fd&country=ng&language=en&time=5+hours+ago&category=entertainment&page=4</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/bd143a9912636ec3461bdcfdab3b96cd |access-date=2023-07-18 |archive-date=2023-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718092305/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/bd143a9912636ec3461bdcfdab3b96cd |url-status=dead }}</ref>tsohuwar jaruma ce a masana'antar fim ta [[Hausa]] tayi fim da jarumi Ali nuhu Mai suna sangadale,tayi tashe a zamanin ta a masana'antar fim ta Hausa. == Aure == Abida tayi aure bayan tayi shekaru a masana'antar fim din se tayi aure inda ta auri Hamza rijiyar zaki bayan Allah ya masa rasuwa se tayi Wani auren inda ta auri Mustapha a ranar daya ga watan Janairu a shekarar 2018, inda ta Haifa masa yaro namiji aka sa masa suna Mustapha. == Finafinai Ɗin Abida == * * Sangadale * Al'ajabi * Marainiya * garwashi * Tawakkali * Mujadala * Sartse * kuduri * Abadan da Imani * gasa * Zoben alkawari * sangaya<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://fimmagazine.com/hausa/index.php/ranar-murna/545-abida-muhammad-ta-haifa-wa-soja-al-mustapha-mai-sunan-sa |access-date=2023-07-18 |archive-date=2023-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718092306/https://fimmagazine.com/hausa/index.php/ranar-murna/545-abida-muhammad-ta-haifa-wa-soja-al-mustapha-mai-sunan-sa |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://hausa.legit.ng/1148082-dandalin-kannywood-abida-muhammad-za-ta-yi-aure-a-ranar-jumaa-mai-zuwa.html</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] l8xwnojb20957klpnbun9heim74kt9c 550060 550059 2024-12-02T06:20:49Z Pharouqenr 25549 550060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abida Muhammad''' <ref>http://lucky-wap-ams.op-mobile.opera.com/detail/s470f95b3200719en_ng?uid=9ded5e32508fa63021554e1c4431a5fd&country=ng&language=en&time=5+hours+ago&category=entertainment&page=4</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/bd143a9912636ec3461bdcfdab3b96cd |access-date=2023-07-18 |archive-date=2023-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718092305/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/bd143a9912636ec3461bdcfdab3b96cd |url-status=dead }}</ref>tsohuwar jaruma ce a masana'antar fim ta [[Hausa]] tayi fim da jarumi Ali nuhu Mai suna sangadale, tayi tashe a zamanin ta a masana'antar fim ta [[Hausa]]. == Aure == Abida tayi aure bayan tayi shekaru a masana'antar fim din se tayi aure inda ta auri Hamza rijiyar zaki bayan Allah ya masa rasuwa se tayi Wani auren inda ta auri Mustapha a ranar daya ga watan Janairu a shekarar 2018, inda ta Haifa masa yaro namiji aka sa masa suna Mustapha. == Finafinai Ɗin Abida == * * Sangadale * Al'ajabi * Marainiya * garwashi * Tawakkali * Mujadala * Sartse * kuduri * Abadan da Imani * gasa * Zoben alkawari * sangaya<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://fimmagazine.com/hausa/index.php/ranar-murna/545-abida-muhammad-ta-haifa-wa-soja-al-mustapha-mai-sunan-sa |access-date=2023-07-18 |archive-date=2023-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718092306/https://fimmagazine.com/hausa/index.php/ranar-murna/545-abida-muhammad-ta-haifa-wa-soja-al-mustapha-mai-sunan-sa |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://hausa.legit.ng/1148082-dandalin-kannywood-abida-muhammad-za-ta-yi-aure-a-ranar-jumaa-mai-zuwa.html</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] gyhmrq0861mv8nhzzsybi283c5mbn5l 0 53190 550058 521090 2024-12-02T06:19:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 550058 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wannan shine jerin masu gudanar da mulki da gwamnonin jihar Imo, Najeriya''', An kirkiro Jihar Imo ne a ranar 17 ga Maris 1976 daga wani yanki na Jihar Gabas ta Tsakiya. {| class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !Mukami !Barin ofis !Shiga ofis !Jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" | [[Ndubuisi Kanu]]||Gwamnan Soji||Mar 1976 ||1977 ||Soja|| |--valign="top" | [[Adekunle Lawal]]||Gwamnan soji||1977 ||Jul 1978 ||Soja|| |--valign="top" | [[Sunday Ajibade Adenihun]]||Gwamnan soji||Jul 1978 ||Oct 1979 ||Soja || |--valign="top" | [[Sam Mbakwe|Samuel Onunaka Mbakwe]]<ref name=newswatchngr>{{cite web|url=http://www.newswatchngr.com/editorial/allaccess/2003/12052003/cover10511143539.htm|title=Forgotten Hero|accessdate=2007-03-31|date=2003-05-11|last=Ajaero|first=Chris|work=Newswatch Online|publisher=Newswatch Communications Limited|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002517/http://www.newswatchngr.com/editorial/allaccess/2003/12052003/cover10511143539.htm|archivedate=2007-09-27}}</ref> |Gwamna | 1 Oct 1979 | 31 Dec 1983 | [[Nigerian Peoples Party|NPP]] | Nigerian Second Republic |--valign="top" | [[Ike Nwachukwu]]<ref name="THISDAYLIVE 2022">{{cite web | title=The Nwachukwu Metaphor | website=THISDAYLIVE | date=2022-10-12 | url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/10/12/the-nwachukwu-metaphor? | access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> |Gwamnan Soji||Jan 1984 ||Aug 1985 ||Soja || |--valign="top" | [[Allison Madueke|Allison Amakoduna Madueke]]<ref name="THISDAYLIVE 2019">{{cite web | title=Rear Admiral Alison Madueke Presents Autobiography | website=THISDAYLIVE | date=2019-12-06 | url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/12/06/rear-admiral-alison-madueke-presents-autobiography?amp=1 | access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> |Gwamnan soji||Aug 1985 ||1986 ||Soja|| |--valign="top" | [[Amadi Ikwechegh]]<ref name="Emeruwa 2021">{{cite web | last=Emeruwa | first=Chijindu | title=Nigeria Navy immortalizes late ex-Imo military Gov, Commodore Amadi Ikwechegh | website=Daily Post Nigeria | date=2021-04-12 | url=https://dailypost.ng/2021/04/12/nigeria-navy-immortalizes-late-ex-imo-military-gov-commodore-amadi-ikwechegh/ | access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> |Gwamnan Soji||1986 ||1990 ||Soja || |--valign="top" | [[Anthony E. Oguguo]]<ref name="Nigeria Postal Code 2022">{{cite web | title=List of Imo State Governors from 1960 till Date with their Political Party » List | website=Nigeria Postal Code | date=2022-09-24 | url=https://nairapostalcode.com.ng/editorial/list/list-of-imo-state-governors/ | access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> |Gwamna||Aug 1990 ||Jan 1992 ||Military || |--valign="top" | [[Evan Enwerem]]<ref name="Pointblank News 1999">{{cite web | title=pointblanknews.com | website=Pointblank News | date=1999-11-18 | url=http://www.pointblanknews.com/os463.html | access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> |Governor||Jan 1992 ||Nov 1993 | [[National Republican Convention|NRC]] | Nigerian Third Republic |--valign="top" | [[James N.J. Aneke]]<ref name="Aluwong Aluwong 2021">{{cite web | last=Aluwong | first=Jeremiah | title=Men You Should Know: James Aneke | website=Connect Nigeria | date=2021-11-24 | url=https://articles.connectnigeria.com/men-you-should-know-james-aneke/ | access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> |Mai Gudanarwa || 9 Dec 1993 ||22 Aug 1996 ||Soja|| |--valign="top" | [[Tanko Zubairu]]<ref name="Silas 2021">{{cite web | last=Silas | first=Don | title='Big loss to Imo' – Uzodinma reacts to Tanko Zubairu’s death | website=Daily Post Nigeria | date=2021-10-17 | url=https://dailypost.ng/2021/10/17/big-loss-to-imo-uzodinma-reacts-to-tanko-zubairus-death/ | access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> |Mai Gudanarwa | 22 Aug 1996 |May 1999 | Soja|| |--valign="top" | [[Achike Udenwa]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-11-11 |title=Udenwa lost in action as usual |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/11/udenwa-lost-in-action-as-usual/ |access-date=2022-03-07 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> | Gwamna | 29 May 1999 | 29 May 2007 | [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | Nigerian Fourth Republic |--valign="top" | [[Ikedi Ohakim|Ikedi G. Ohakim]]<ref name=self>{{cite web |url=http://nggovernorsforum.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=27&Itemid= |title=Governor Pius Ikedi Ohakim of Imo State |publisher=Nigeria Governors Forum |access-date=2009-12-30}}</ref> | Gwamna | 29 May 2007 |29 May 2011 |[[Progressive Peoples Alliance|PPA]] / [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" | [[Rochas Okorocha|Owelle Rochas Anayo Okorocha]]<ref name="THISDAYLIVE 2021">{{cite web | title=Rochas Okorocha: Haunted by the Ghost of Governance | website=THISDAYLIVE | date=2021-12-31 | url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/12/31/rochas-okorocha-haunted-by-the-ghost-of-governance | access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref><ref name="The Sun Nigeria 2021">{{cite web | title=Rochas Okorocha: Politician, his many controversies and Imo burden | website=The Sun Nigeria | date=2021-12-26 | url=https://sunnewsonline.com/rochas-okorocha-politician-his-many-controversies-and-imo-burden/ | access-date=2023-06-10}}</ref> | Gwamna | 29 May 2011 | 29 May 2019 |[[All Progressives Congress (Nigeria)|APC]] | |- |[[Emeka Ihedioha]]<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.channelstv.com/2019/03/11/breaking-pdps-emeka-ihedioha-wins-imo-governorship-election/ | title=PDP’s Emeka Ihedioha Wins Imo Governorship Election | date=11 March 2019 | publisher=Channels Television | location=Nigeria | accessdate=3 April 2019 }}</ref> |Gwamna |29 May 2019 |15 January 2020 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |--valign="top" |[[Hope Uzodinma]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2020/01/15/breaking-hope-uzodinma-sworn-in-as-imo-state-governor/amp/|title=Hope Uzodinma Sworn in As Imo State Governor {{!}} Channels Television|website=www.channelstv.com|access-date=15 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-20|title=Uzodinma distributes 2,700 smartphones, cars to Imo youths|url=https://punchng.com/uzodinma-distributes-2700-smartphones-cars-to-imo-youths/|access-date=2022-02-22|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> | Gwamna | 15 January 2020 | Incumbent |[[All Progressives Congress (Nigeria)|APC]] | |} ==Manazarta== [[Category:Jihar Imo]] 1sfo52y8757ktud3v777qego6fnjhl2 0 53192 550057 508325 2024-12-02T06:18:34Z Pharouqenr 25549 550057 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:2023 Abia Senate pre-election situation.png|thumb|yankuna abia]] [[Fayil:Abia State coat of arms.jpg|thumb|Tutar abia]] '''Wannan shine jerin sunayen masu mulki da gwamnonin jihar Abia, Nigeria''', wanda aka ƙirƙira a 1991-08-27, lokacin da ta rabu da jihar Imo. {|class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left" |- !Suna !Matsayi !Farkon mulki !Karshen mulki !Jam'iyya !width="40%"|Karin bayani |--valign="top" |[[Frank Ajobena]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rulers.org/nigastat.html |title=Nigerian states |accessdate=2008-01-29 |work= Rulers.org}}</ref> |Mai Gudanarwa na mulkin Soja |August 28, 1991 |January, 1992 |Babu | |--valign="top" |[[Ogbonnaya Onu]]<ref name="auto">{{cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/304165-analysis-how-science-and-technology-ministry-fared-under-ogbonnaya-onu-in-three-years.html|title=ANALYSIS: How science and technology ministry fared under Ogbonnaya Onu in three years|last1=Ugbede|first1=Lois|date=January 4, 2019|access-date=January 29, 2019|agency=Premium Times}}</ref> |Executive Governor |January, 1992 |November, 1993 |NRC | |--valign="top" |[[Chinyere Ike Nwosu]] |Mai Gudanarwa na mulkin Soja |December 9, 1993 |September 14, 1994 |Babu | |--valign="top" |[[Temi Ejoor]] |Mai Gudanarwa na mulkin Soja |September 14, 1994 |August 22, 1996 | Babu | |--valign="top" |[[Moses Fasanya]] |Mai Gudanarwa na mulkin Soja |August 22, 1996 |August, 1998 | Babu | |--valign="top" |[[Anthony Obi]] |Mai Gudanarwa na mulkin Soja |August, 1998 |May 29, 1999 | Babu | |--valign="top" |[[Orji Uzor Kalu]] |Gwamna |May 29, 1999 |May 29, 2007 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]], [[Progressive Peoples Alliance|PPA]] |Elected on [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] platform, switched to Progressive Peoples Alliance (PPA). |--valign="top" |[[Theodore Orji|Theodore A. Orji]] |Gwamna |May 29, 2007 |May 29, 2015 |[[Progressive Peoples Alliance|PPA]] | |--valign="top" |[[Okezie Ikpeazu]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/03/abia-orjis-shoes-are-big-but-ill-run-faster-ikpeazu/|title=Abia: Orji's shoes are big but I'll run faster — Ikpeazu|date=2 March 2015|publisher= Vanguard Newspapers|access-date=2015-04-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2015/04/09/april-11-polls-apga-faction-adopts-okezie-ikpeazu-for-governor/|title=APGA Faction Adopts Okezie Ikpeazu for Governor|publisher=Daily Post|date=2015-04-07|access-date=2015-04-18}}</ref> |Gwamna |May 29, 2015 |May 29, 2023 |[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]] | |- |[[Alex Otti|Alex Chioma Otti]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Otti wins Gubertorial ticket in Abia |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/otti-wins-apga-gubernatorial-ticket-in-abia/196225/ |publisher=THISDAY . He is believed to have won the April 2015 gubernatorial elections, but was manipulated against him. LIVE |accessdate=11 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209033330/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/otti-wins-apga-gubernatorial-ticket-in-abia/196225/ |archivedate=9 December 2014 }}</ref> |Gwamna |May 29, 2023 |Incumbent |[[Labour Party (Nigeria)|LP]] | |} </onlyinclude> ===Manazarta=== c6qg5skhtq8rlbbx1o6s77v0aenm47x 0 53197 550054 399117 2024-12-02T06:17:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 550054 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alhaji Musa Dan kwairo''' Ya kasance mawaki ne na Hausa, mawakin gargajiya Wanda ya shahara ye fice a kasar hausa, margayi alhaji Musa Dan kwairo ya cigaba da kasancewa cikin mawakan da darajarsu ke dada habbaka a alummar hausawa,girmamawar Bata tsaya iyaka Nan ba domin kuwa manazarta a duniya suna cigaba da amfanuwa da gudummawar da ya baiwa fagen ilimi, musamman farfesoshi da masu bincike akan yaran Hausa a Jami,oin najeriya da Kuma gavannan. == Haihuwa == An kuma haifi Musa Dan kwairo a shekarar 1907.a garin bakura Wanda ke tsakanin jihar zamfara da sokoto da kimanin kilomita 105 a binciken Wani farfesa Dake Jami,ar Dan fodio, malami Kuma farfesa A.M BUNZA == Takaitaccen tarihin sa == Musa Dan kwairo an haife shi a shekarar 1907 a garin bakura Wanda ke tsakanin jihar zamfara da sokoto da kimanin kilomita 105, daga bakin farfesa malami a Jami,ar Dan fodio malami farfesa A.M BUNZA, sunan mahaifin sa Usman dankwanda ya rayu a garin kaya Karamar hukumar maradun inda yake yima sarkin kaya maradun Waka a fadarsa, mahaifin Dan kwairo da kakansa duk makadan sarkin kayan maradun ne , Dan kwairo tun yana da shekara 6 zuwa 7 ya fara bin mahaifin sa tsangaya waka.bayan rasuwar mahaifin sa ne ragamar kungiyar Waka ta koma hannun yayansa Aliyu kurna, inda yazama mataimakin sa in Ali bayan Nan shine Mai wakiltar sa == Lakabin Dan kwairo == Lakabin ya kuma samo asali ne tun mahaifin sa na Raye Yana da wani yaro acikin masu masa amshi Mai zakin murya sunan sa Dan kwairo, to Musa tunda ya tashi yake kwaikwayon muryar sa ,da babansa yaga ya ita SE yake ce masa Shima Dan kwairo. == Waƙa == Musa Dan kwairo yayiwa sardaunan sokoto Waka ,wakar ga Mai nasara garnakaki sardauna inda yai masa Waka Mai taken Mai dubun nasara garnakaki sardauna, margayi sardauna ya fifita tawagar Dan kwairo akan dukkan mawakan hausa, inda ya Maida Dan kwairo mawakin fadarsa da kyautatawa na wuce misali a wancan lokacin , Dan kwairo yayi sardauna margayi Waka akalla yakai 17, musabbabin saduwarsa da sardauna margayi sardauna Dan siyasa ne basareke Wanda ya ke bukatar mawaki daze dinga masa Waka domin ya dabbaka sunan sa sun hadu a siyasar NPC(Northern people Congress),bayan rasuwar sardauna margayi tawagar Dan kwairo ta Dan kwanta Dama na Wani lokaci Mai tsawo kafin suka dawo Waka ga sarakunan dasuka shahara irinsu su sarkin daura sultan na sokoto sarki aminu na Zaria. == Rayuwa == Musa ya rasu tsakanin Shekaru 29 zuwa da 34 inda kuma ya rasu yabar Yaya 14 Maza 7 mata 7 da jikoki 104, bayan rasuwar sa sunci gaba da hayayyafa Wanda babban Dan sa Alhaji garba Musa Dan kwairo ya bayyana. # Manazarta # https://hausa.legit.ng/1142406-takaitaccen-tarihin-rayuwar-marigayi-alhaji-musa-dankwairo.html # https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/culture/amp/51ad2c7c58ce1576a7cdf4f8d8c1af34 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718161201/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/culture/amp/51ad2c7c58ce1576a7cdf4f8d8c1af34 |date=2023-07-18 }} # https://www.last.fm/music/Alhaji+Musa+Dankwairo/+wiki # https://taskarlabarai.com/2021/06/19/takaitaccen-tarihin-makada-alhaji-musa-dankwairo-muradun-1902-1991/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718161202/https://taskarlabarai.com/2021/06/19/takaitaccen-tarihin-makada-alhaji-musa-dankwairo-muradun-1902-1991/ |date=2023-07-18 }} # https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-51786861.amp 0pdueeydjw4jk5ita8bvoo05832en8c 550055 550054 2024-12-02T06:17:49Z Pharouqenr 25549 550055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alhaji Musa Dan kwairo''' Ya kasance mawaki ne na kasar [[Hausa]], mawakin gargajiya Wanda ya shahara ye fice a kasar hausa, margayi alhaji Musa Dan kwairo ya cigaba da kasancewa cikin mawakan da darajarsu ke dada habbaka a alummar hausawa,girmamawar Bata tsaya iyaka Nan ba domin kuwa manazarta a duniya suna cigaba da amfanuwa da gudummawar da ya baiwa fagen ilimi, musamman farfesoshi da masu bincike akan yaran Hausa a Jami,oin najeriya da Kuma gavannan. == Haihuwa == An kuma haifi Musa Dan kwairo a shekarar 1907.a garin bakura Wanda ke tsakanin jihar zamfara da sokoto da kimanin kilomita 105 a binciken Wani farfesa Dake Jami,ar Dan fodio, malami Kuma farfesa A.M BUNZA == Takaitaccen tarihin sa == Musa Dan kwairo an haife shi a shekarar 1907 a garin bakura Wanda ke tsakanin jihar zamfara da sokoto da kimanin kilomita 105, daga bakin farfesa malami a Jami,ar Dan fodio malami farfesa A.M BUNZA, sunan mahaifin sa Usman dankwanda ya rayu a garin kaya Karamar hukumar maradun inda yake yima sarkin kaya maradun Waka a fadarsa, mahaifin Dan kwairo da kakansa duk makadan sarkin kayan maradun ne , Dan kwairo tun yana da shekara 6 zuwa 7 ya fara bin mahaifin sa tsangaya waka.bayan rasuwar mahaifin sa ne ragamar kungiyar Waka ta koma hannun yayansa Aliyu kurna, inda yazama mataimakin sa in Ali bayan Nan shine Mai wakiltar sa == Lakabin Dan kwairo == Lakabin ya kuma samo asali ne tun mahaifin sa na Raye Yana da wani yaro acikin masu masa amshi Mai zakin murya sunan sa Dan kwairo, to Musa tunda ya tashi yake kwaikwayon muryar sa ,da babansa yaga ya ita SE yake ce masa Shima Dan kwairo. == Waƙa == Musa Dan kwairo yayiwa sardaunan sokoto Waka ,wakar ga Mai nasara garnakaki sardauna inda yai masa Waka Mai taken Mai dubun nasara garnakaki sardauna, margayi sardauna ya fifita tawagar Dan kwairo akan dukkan mawakan hausa, inda ya Maida Dan kwairo mawakin fadarsa da kyautatawa na wuce misali a wancan lokacin , Dan kwairo yayi sardauna margayi Waka akalla yakai 17, musabbabin saduwarsa da sardauna margayi sardauna Dan siyasa ne basareke Wanda ya ke bukatar mawaki daze dinga masa Waka domin ya dabbaka sunan sa sun hadu a siyasar NPC(Northern people Congress),bayan rasuwar sardauna margayi tawagar Dan kwairo ta Dan kwanta Dama na Wani lokaci Mai tsawo kafin suka dawo Waka ga sarakunan dasuka shahara irinsu su sarkin daura sultan na sokoto sarki aminu na Zaria. == Rayuwa == Musa ya rasu tsakanin Shekaru 29 zuwa da 34 inda kuma ya rasu yabar Yaya 14 Maza 7 mata 7 da jikoki 104, bayan rasuwar sa sunci gaba da hayayyafa Wanda babban Dan sa Alhaji garba Musa Dan kwairo ya bayyana. # Manazarta # https://hausa.legit.ng/1142406-takaitaccen-tarihin-rayuwar-marigayi-alhaji-musa-dankwairo.html # https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/culture/amp/51ad2c7c58ce1576a7cdf4f8d8c1af34 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718161201/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/culture/amp/51ad2c7c58ce1576a7cdf4f8d8c1af34 |date=2023-07-18 }} # https://www.last.fm/music/Alhaji+Musa+Dankwairo/+wiki # https://taskarlabarai.com/2021/06/19/takaitaccen-tarihin-makada-alhaji-musa-dankwairo-muradun-1902-1991/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718161202/https://taskarlabarai.com/2021/06/19/takaitaccen-tarihin-makada-alhaji-musa-dankwairo-muradun-1902-1991/ |date=2023-07-18 }} # https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-51786861.amp gav11axm1kl7ddcteuqxe605hqnhimg 0 53258 550051 427854 2024-12-02T06:16:11Z Pharouqenr 25549 550051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adekunle Shamusideen Lawal''' (An haifeshi 8 Fabrairu 1934 - 27 Nuwamba 1980) Admiral ne na sojan ruwa na [[Najeriya]] wanda ya yi gwamnan soja na [[jihar Legas]] daga 1975 zuwa 1977 da gwamnan soja na [[jihar Imo]] daga 1977 zuwa 1978.<ref>https://dbpedia.org/page/Adekunle_Lawal</ref> ==Rayuwar farko da ilimi== An haifi Adekunle Shamusideen,Lawal a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu 1934 a [[Jihar Legas]], [[Najeriya]]. Ya fara karatu a Holy Cross Cathedral School, Lagos, Nigeria (1942-1945) da St Peters Faji School, Lagos Nigeria (1945-1949). Ya kammala karatunsa na Sakandare a Makarantar Methodist da ke Legas (1950 – 1955), inda ya sami digiri na GCE (Jami'ar Cambridge), bayan ya ci gaba da samun takardar shedar karatu a fannoni uku (1958). Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha da ke Zariya a Najeriya. A shekarar 1960 aka zabe shi mamba a Cibiyar Injiniyoyi. Ya yi aiki da ma'aikatar ayyuka da safiyo a Legas, Najeriya a matsayin mataimakin jami'in fasaha a horo (Mechanical) (Yuli zuwa Oktoba 1959). Ya halarci Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zaria, Nigeria (1960-1963), daga nan ya kamala digiri a 1963 da B.Sc.(Eng) Honors. Ya na da CMarEng da FIMarEng (Chartered memba na Institute of Marine Engineering) da CNSE da FNSE (Chartered da memba na Nigerian Society of Engineers), da FSS da PSC. ==Aikin Soja== Adekunle Lawal ya shiga aikin sojan ruwa na Royal Nigerian a watan Satumba 1963 a matsayin Babban Laftanar. A shekarar 1964 ya samu mukamin Laftanar. A cikin Maris 1964 ya halarci kwas Injiniya na Marine tare da Royal Naval Ships a Rotterdam, Holland. A shekarar 1966 ya samu mukamin Laftanar Kwamanda. Daga 1969 zuwa 1971, ya halarci Kwalejin Tsaron Sojojin Ruwa a Wellington, Indiya, inda ya sami M.Sc. (Eng). A matsayinsa na wanda ya kammala karatun digiri a Yard Dock na Naval a Bombay, Indiya daga 1970-1971. Ya kasance Shugaban Material a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya daga 1973 zuwa 1978 kuma ya kasance memba a Majalisar Koli ta Sojoji S.M.C. daga 1972 zuwa 1975 lokacin mulkin Janar Yakubu Gowon. An kuma nada Adekunle Lawal a hukumar kula da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Najeriya a matsayin cikakken mamba daga shekarar 1972 zuwa 1975. Adekunle Lawal ya kuma rike mukamin babban injiniyan jiragen ruwa da dama da suka hada da NNS Ogoja, NNS Beecroft da kuma NNS Nigeria a lokacin da yake aiki tare. Sojojin ruwa na Najeriya.<ref>https://saharareporters.com/2023/03/22/nigerian-senate-confirms-justice-adekunles-appointment-substantive-customary-court</ref> ==Gwamnan soja== An nada shi gwamnan soja a jihar Legas a watan Yuli 1975 bayan yakin basasar Najeriya. A matsayinsa na gwamnan jihar data fi yawan al’umma a Najeriya, daya daga cikin manyan kalubalen da gwamnatinsa ke fuskanta shi ne shawo kan matsalar cunkoson ababen hawa. A lokacin bikin baƙar fata na duniya da na Afirka na fasaha da al'adu, ya aiwatar da tsarin rarraba Lambar mota don sauƙaƙe cunkoso a cikin jihar. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na Jihar Legas har zuwa 1977 inda aka canza shi zuwa Gwamnan Jihar Imo a 1977. Ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa watan Yulin 1978, daga nan ya ci gaba da aikinsa a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya a matsayin Darakta na Material (Injiniya).<ref>https://governor.lagosstate.gov.ng/2019/04/25/navy-cmdr-adekunle-lawal-1975-1977/</ref> Adekunle Lawal ya yi ritaya da radin kansa daga aikin sojan ruwan Najeriya a matsayin babban jami’in soja a shekarar 1979, kuma bayan rashin lafiya ya rasu a watan Nuwamba 1980. Ya bar matarsa ​​Misis Taiwo Adefunmilayo Olufunmilayo née Adesanya da ‘ya’yansa shida. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutuwan 1980]] r9o0jo68ea6g0h843u5ep9vt7km127m 550052 550051 2024-12-02T06:16:24Z Pharouqenr 25549 550052 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adekunle Shamusideen Lawal''' (An haifeshi 8 ga watan Fabrairu 1934 - 27 Nuwamba 1980) Admiral ne na sojan ruwa na [[Najeriya]] wanda ya yi gwamnan soja na [[jihar Legas]] daga 1975 zuwa 1977 da gwamnan soja na [[jihar Imo]] daga 1977 zuwa 1978.<ref>https://dbpedia.org/page/Adekunle_Lawal</ref> ==Rayuwar farko da ilimi== An haifi Adekunle Shamusideen,Lawal a ranar 8 ga Fabrairu 1934 a [[Jihar Legas]], [[Najeriya]]. Ya fara karatu a Holy Cross Cathedral School, Lagos, Nigeria (1942-1945) da St Peters Faji School, Lagos Nigeria (1945-1949). Ya kammala karatunsa na Sakandare a Makarantar Methodist da ke Legas (1950 – 1955), inda ya sami digiri na GCE (Jami'ar Cambridge), bayan ya ci gaba da samun takardar shedar karatu a fannoni uku (1958). Ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha da ke Zariya a Najeriya. A shekarar 1960 aka zabe shi mamba a Cibiyar Injiniyoyi. Ya yi aiki da ma'aikatar ayyuka da safiyo a Legas, Najeriya a matsayin mataimakin jami'in fasaha a horo (Mechanical) (Yuli zuwa Oktoba 1959). Ya halarci Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zaria, Nigeria (1960-1963), daga nan ya kamala digiri a 1963 da B.Sc.(Eng) Honors. Ya na da CMarEng da FIMarEng (Chartered memba na Institute of Marine Engineering) da CNSE da FNSE (Chartered da memba na Nigerian Society of Engineers), da FSS da PSC. ==Aikin Soja== Adekunle Lawal ya shiga aikin sojan ruwa na Royal Nigerian a watan Satumba 1963 a matsayin Babban Laftanar. A shekarar 1964 ya samu mukamin Laftanar. A cikin Maris 1964 ya halarci kwas Injiniya na Marine tare da Royal Naval Ships a Rotterdam, Holland. A shekarar 1966 ya samu mukamin Laftanar Kwamanda. Daga 1969 zuwa 1971, ya halarci Kwalejin Tsaron Sojojin Ruwa a Wellington, Indiya, inda ya sami M.Sc. (Eng). A matsayinsa na wanda ya kammala karatun digiri a Yard Dock na Naval a Bombay, Indiya daga 1970-1971. Ya kasance Shugaban Material a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya daga 1973 zuwa 1978 kuma ya kasance memba a Majalisar Koli ta Sojoji S.M.C. daga 1972 zuwa 1975 lokacin mulkin Janar Yakubu Gowon. An kuma nada Adekunle Lawal a hukumar kula da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Najeriya a matsayin cikakken mamba daga shekarar 1972 zuwa 1975. Adekunle Lawal ya kuma rike mukamin babban injiniyan jiragen ruwa da dama da suka hada da NNS Ogoja, NNS Beecroft da kuma NNS Nigeria a lokacin da yake aiki tare. Sojojin ruwa na Najeriya.<ref>https://saharareporters.com/2023/03/22/nigerian-senate-confirms-justice-adekunles-appointment-substantive-customary-court</ref> ==Gwamnan soja== An nada shi gwamnan soja a jihar Legas a watan Yuli 1975 bayan yakin basasar Najeriya. A matsayinsa na gwamnan jihar data fi yawan al’umma a Najeriya, daya daga cikin manyan kalubalen da gwamnatinsa ke fuskanta shi ne shawo kan matsalar cunkoson ababen hawa. A lokacin bikin baƙar fata na duniya da na Afirka na fasaha da al'adu, ya aiwatar da tsarin rarraba Lambar mota don sauƙaƙe cunkoso a cikin jihar. Ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na Jihar Legas har zuwa 1977 inda aka canza shi zuwa Gwamnan Jihar Imo a 1977. Ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa watan Yulin 1978, daga nan ya ci gaba da aikinsa a Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Najeriya a matsayin Darakta na Material (Injiniya).<ref>https://governor.lagosstate.gov.ng/2019/04/25/navy-cmdr-adekunle-lawal-1975-1977/</ref> Adekunle Lawal ya yi ritaya da radin kansa daga aikin sojan ruwan Najeriya a matsayin babban jami’in soja a shekarar 1979, kuma bayan rashin lafiya ya rasu a watan Nuwamba 1980. Ya bar matarsa ​​Misis Taiwo Adefunmilayo Olufunmilayo née Adesanya da ‘ya’yansa shida. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutuwan 1980]] 6bv9ewo13qvb0yx05koo9w7zpmb0pr0 0 53259 550049 310134 2024-12-02T06:14:59Z Pharouqenr 25549 550049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walter Feghabo''' An haife shiba ranar 15 ga watan Agusta, 1956, a Warri, [[Jihar Delta]]. [[Najeriya]]. Ya tashi a Warri kuma ya halarci makarantun firamare da sakandare a cikin garin. <ref>https://www.ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.html</ref> ===Aiki=== Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na Sakandare, ya shiga aikin sojan ruwan Najeriya a shekarar 1976 a matsayin Kadet mai daraja, sannan kuma aka bashi mukamin Karamin-Laftanar a shekarar 1979. '''Walter Feghabo''' yakasance Kwamandan sojojin ruwa ne (mai ritaya) Walter Feghabo ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban soja na farko a [[jihar Ebonyi]]<ref>https://ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.aspx {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719131851/https://ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.aspx |date=2023-07-19 }}</ref> a [[Najeriya]] tsakanin Oktoba 1996 da Agusta 1998 bayan an kirkiro [[jihar Ebonyi ]] daga wani sashi na [[jihar Enugu]] da kuma [[jihar Abia]] a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Sani Abacha. Daga nan aka nada shi a matsayin mai kula da [[jihar Delta]] a watan Agustan 1998 a lokacin gwamnatin rikon kwarya ta Janar [[Abdulsalami Abubakar]] , inda ya mika wa zababben gwamnan farar hula [[James Ibori]] ranar 29 ga Mayu 1999.<ref>https://ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.aspx {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719131851/https://ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.aspx |date=2023-07-19 }}</ref>  ===Ritaya=== A watan Yuni 1999, duk tsoffin shugabannin soji na Abacha sukayi Ritaya daga gwamnatin tarayya, ciki har da [[Walter Feghabo]] ===Manazarta=== o8vheiijohznxcxahumj3acu24jrzh1 550050 550049 2024-12-02T06:15:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 550050 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walter Feghabo''' An haife shiba ranar 15 ga watan Agusta, 1956, a Warri, [[Jihar Delta]]. [[Najeriya]]. Ya tashi a Warri kuma ya halarci makarantun firamare da sakandare a cikin garin. <ref>https://www.ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.html</ref> ===Aiki=== Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na Sakandare, ya shiga aikin sojan ruwan kasar Najeriya a shekarar 1976 a matsayin Kadet mai daraja, sannan kuma aka bashi mukamin Karamin-Laftanar a shekarar 1979. '''Walter Feghabo''' yakasance Kwamandan sojojin ruwa ne (mai ritaya) Walter Feghabo ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban soja na farko a [[jihar Ebonyi]]<ref>https://ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.aspx {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719131851/https://ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.aspx |date=2023-07-19 }}</ref> a [[Najeriya]] tsakanin Oktoba 1996 da Agusta 1998 bayan an kirkiro [[jihar Ebonyi ]] daga wani sashi na [[jihar Enugu]] da kuma [[jihar Abia]] a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Sani Abacha. Daga nan aka nada shi a matsayin mai kula da [[jihar Delta]] a watan Agustan 1998 a lokacin gwamnatin rikon kwarya ta Janar [[Abdulsalami Abubakar]] , inda ya mika wa zababben gwamnan farar hula [[James Ibori]] ranar 29 ga Mayu 1999.<ref>https://ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.aspx {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719131851/https://ebonyistate.gov.ng/governor.aspx |date=2023-07-19 }}</ref>  ===Ritaya=== A watan Yuni 1999, duk tsoffin shugabannin soji na Abacha sukayi Ritaya daga gwamnatin tarayya, ciki har da [[Walter Feghabo]] ===Manazarta=== qtgi24wq7g0modh05851t14jr90lxrq 0 53260 550047 427881 2024-12-02T06:14:02Z Pharouqenr 25549 550047 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adeyemi Ambrose Afolahan''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Disamba 1949) an nada shi Mai Gudanarwa na farko a [[Jihar Taraba]] ta [[Najeriya]] a watan Agustan 1991 bayan an kirkiro jihar daga wani bangare na tsohuwar [[Jihar Gongola]] a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Ibrahim Babangida. Ya mika wa zababben gwamnan farar hula [[Jolly Nyame]] a watan Janairun 1992 a farkon jamhuriya ta uku ta [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/politics/e0569aef0e4eb88c30e5f08e81f053a0 |access-date=2023-07-19 |archive-date=2023-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719134308/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/politics/e0569aef0e4eb88c30e5f08e81f053a0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An haifi Afolahan a ranar 26 ga Disamba 1949 a Ibadan, Jihar Oyo. Yayi karatu a Najeriya da kasar Ingila. Mukaman da ya rike sun hada da mataimakin kwamanda, National War College, Abuja, babban jami'in sojan ruwa da kuma shugaban tsare-tsaren Navals.<ref>https://infomediang.com/taraba-state-history-and-past-governors//</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1949]] 5dq35qr722ubdg2tud1fnml1yheaxpt 550048 550047 2024-12-02T06:14:32Z Pharouqenr 25549 550048 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adeyemi Ambrose Afolahan''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Disamba 1949) an nada shi Mai Gudanarwa na farko a [[Jihar Taraba]] ta [[Najeriya]] a watan Agustanl shekara ta 1991 bayan an kirkiro jihar daga wani bangare na tsohuwar [[Jihar Gongola]] a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Ibrahim Babangida. Ya mika wa zababben gwamnan farar hula [[Jolly Nyame]] a watan Janairun 1992 a farkon jamhuriya ta uku ta [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/politics/e0569aef0e4eb88c30e5f08e81f053a0 |access-date=2023-07-19 |archive-date=2023-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719134308/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/politics/e0569aef0e4eb88c30e5f08e81f053a0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An haifi Afolahan a ranar 26 ga Disamba 1949 a Ibadan, Jihar Oyo. Yayi karatu a Najeriya da kasar Ingila. Mukaman da ya rike sun hada da mataimakin kwamanda, National War College, Abuja, babban jami'in sojan ruwa da kuma shugaban tsare-tsaren Navals.<ref>https://infomediang.com/taraba-state-history-and-past-governors//</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1949]] 27bjdzu8stn3fmm60g1svy84436jvly 0 53263 550045 480362 2024-12-02T06:12:56Z Pharouqenr 25549 550045 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Issac Hayes 1998.jpg|Issac Hayes a shekarar 1998|300px|right|thumb]] [[Fayil:BLACK SOUL SINGER ISAAC HAYES PERFORMS AT THE INTERNATIONAL AMPHITHEATER IN CHICAGO AS PART OF THE ANNUAL PUSH 'BLACK... - NARA - 556307.jpg|thumb|Isaac Hayes]] '''Isaac Lee Hayes Jr.''' (An haifeshi ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, 1942 - Ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, 2008) ya kasance mawaƙin Ba'amurke ne, mawaƙiyi, ɗan wasa, kuma mawaki. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun ƙwaƙƙwaran da ke bayan alamar kiɗan kiɗan Kudancin Stax Records, yana aiki a matsayin mawaƙa a cikin gida kuma a matsayin mawaƙin zama da mai yin rikodin, tare da abokin aikinsa David Porter a tsakiyar 1960s. An shigar da Hayes da Porter a cikin Dandalin Mawallafin Mawaƙa a cikin 2005 don amincewa da rubuta waƙa da yawa don kansu, Duo Sam & Dave, Carla Thomas, da sauransu. A cikin 2002, an shigar da Hayes a cikin Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. "Soul Man", wanda Hayes da Porter suka rubuta kuma Sam & Dave suka fara yi, an gane shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi tasiri a cikin shekaru 50 da suka wuce ta Grammy Hall of Fame. Har ila yau, an karrama shi daga The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, ta Rolling Stone mujallar, da kuma ta Ƙungiyar Masana'antar Rikodi ta Amurka (RIAA) a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Waƙoƙin Ƙarni. A ƙarshen 1960s, Hayes kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin mai yin rikodi. Yana da kundin kundin rai da yawa masu nasara kamar Hot Buttered Soul (1969) da Black Musa (1971). Baya ga aikinsa a cikin mashahurin kiɗan, Hayes ya yi aiki a matsayin mawaƙin mawaƙa na kida don hotunan motsi. [[Fayil:Isaac Hayes Grammy.webp|thumb|Isaac Hayes]] Hayes an san shi da makin kida na fim din Shaft (1971). Don "Jigo daga Shaft", an ba shi lambar yabo ta Academy Award don Mafi kyawun Waƙar Asali a 1972, wanda ya sa ya zama baƙar fata na uku, bayan Hattie McDaniel da Sidney Poitier, don lashe lambar yabo ta Academy a kowane filin gasa da Cibiyar Motsi ta rufe. Fasahar Hoto da Kimiyya. Hayes kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta Grammy guda biyu a wannan shekarar. Daga baya, an ba shi Grammy na uku don kundi na kiɗan na Black Musa. [[Fayil:Isaac Hayes 2.jpg|thumb|Isaac Hayes]] A cikin 1992, Hayes ya sami sarautar girmamawa na yankin Ada na Ghana don jin daɗin ayyukan jin kai da ya yi a can. Ya yi aiki a cikin hotuna masu motsi da talabijin, kamar a cikin fina-finai Truck Turner kuma Ni Gonna Git You Sucka, da kuma Gandolf "Gandy" Fitch a cikin jerin TV The Rockford Files (1974-1980). Hayes kuma ya bayyana halin Chef daga jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Comedy Central South Park daga farkonsa a 1997 har zuwa tashinsa mai rikitarwa a 2006. [[Fayil:Isaac Hayes.jpg|thumb|Isaac Hayes]] A ranar 5 ga Agusta, 2003, an karrama Hayes a matsayin Icon BMI a 2003 BMI Urban Awards saboda tasirinsa mai dorewa akan tsararrun masu yin kiɗa. A cikin aikinsa na rubuta waƙa, Hayes ya sami lambar yabo ta BMI R&B guda biyar, lambar yabo ta BMI Pop Awards biyu, lambar yabo ta BMI Urban biyu da kuma ambaton Miliyan-Air shida. Tun daga 2008, waƙoƙinsa sun haifar da wasanni fiye da miliyan 12.<ref>http://rockhall.com/inductees/isaac-hayes/</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1942]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2008]] e8y3er16v7ai1l9eon570s8jaduwb4x 550046 550045 2024-12-02T06:13:32Z Pharouqenr 25549 550046 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Issac Hayes 1998.jpg|Issac Hayes a shekarar 1998|300px|right|thumb]] [[Fayil:BLACK SOUL SINGER ISAAC HAYES PERFORMS AT THE INTERNATIONAL AMPHITHEATER IN CHICAGO AS PART OF THE ANNUAL PUSH 'BLACK... - NARA - 556307.jpg|thumb|Isaac Hayes]] '''Isaac Lee Hayes Jr.''' (An haifeshi ranar 20 ga watan Agusta, 1942 - Ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, 2008) ya kasance mawaƙin Ba'amurke ne, mawaƙi, ɗan wasa, sannan kuma mawaki. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun ƙwaƙƙwaran da ke bayan alamar kiɗan kiɗan Kudancin Stax Records, yana aiki a matsayin mawaƙa a cikin gida kuma a matsayin mawaƙin zama da mai yin rikodin, tare da abokin aikinsa David Porter a tsakiyar 1960s. An shigar da Hayes da Porter a cikin Dandalin Mawallafin Mawaƙa a cikin 2005 don amincewa da rubuta waƙa da yawa don kansu, Duo Sam & Dave, Carla Thomas, da sauransu. A cikin 2002, an shigar da Hayes a cikin Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. "Soul Man", wanda Hayes da Porter suka rubuta kuma Sam & Dave suka fara yi, an gane shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi tasiri a cikin shekaru 50 da suka wuce ta Grammy Hall of Fame. Har ila yau, an karrama shi daga The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, ta Rolling Stone mujallar, da kuma ta Ƙungiyar Masana'antar Rikodi ta Amurka (RIAA) a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Waƙoƙin Ƙarni. A ƙarshen 1960s, Hayes kuma ya fara aiki a matsayin mai yin rikodi. Yana da kundin kundin rai da yawa masu nasara kamar Hot Buttered Soul (1969) da Black Musa (1971). Baya ga aikinsa a cikin mashahurin kiɗan, Hayes ya yi aiki a matsayin mawaƙin mawaƙa na kida don hotunan motsi. [[Fayil:Isaac Hayes Grammy.webp|thumb|Isaac Hayes]] Hayes an san shi da makin kida na fim din Shaft (1971). Don "Jigo daga Shaft", an ba shi lambar yabo ta Academy Award don Mafi kyawun Waƙar Asali a 1972, wanda ya sa ya zama baƙar fata na uku, bayan Hattie McDaniel da Sidney Poitier, don lashe lambar yabo ta Academy a kowane filin gasa da Cibiyar Motsi ta rufe. Fasahar Hoto da Kimiyya. Hayes kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta Grammy guda biyu a wannan shekarar. Daga baya, an ba shi Grammy na uku don kundi na kiɗan na Black Musa. [[Fayil:Isaac Hayes 2.jpg|thumb|Isaac Hayes]] A cikin 1992, Hayes ya sami sarautar girmamawa na yankin Ada na Ghana don jin daɗin ayyukan jin kai da ya yi a can. Ya yi aiki a cikin hotuna masu motsi da talabijin, kamar a cikin fina-finai Truck Turner kuma Ni Gonna Git You Sucka, da kuma Gandolf "Gandy" Fitch a cikin jerin TV The Rockford Files (1974-1980). Hayes kuma ya bayyana halin Chef daga jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Comedy Central South Park daga farkonsa a 1997 har zuwa tashinsa mai rikitarwa a 2006. [[Fayil:Isaac Hayes.jpg|thumb|Isaac Hayes]] A ranar 5 ga Agusta, 2003, an karrama Hayes a matsayin Icon BMI a 2003 BMI Urban Awards saboda tasirinsa mai dorewa akan tsararrun masu yin kiɗa. A cikin aikinsa na rubuta waƙa, Hayes ya sami lambar yabo ta BMI R&B guda biyar, lambar yabo ta BMI Pop Awards biyu, lambar yabo ta BMI Urban biyu da kuma ambaton Miliyan-Air shida. Tun daga 2008, waƙoƙinsa sun haifar da wasanni fiye da miliyan 12.<ref>http://rockhall.com/inductees/isaac-hayes/</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1942]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2008]] ltgn2dxwgr4f0a8wm0mfhnsig16mv4c 0 53309 550043 326483 2024-12-02T06:11:54Z Pharouqenr 25549 550043 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shu,aibu Kulu''' Tsohon jarumi ne a masana'antar fim ta [[Hausa]], yayi tashe a wasan barkwanci na hausa. == Takaitaccen Tarihin sa == Jarumi ne da yake yawan fito tare da margayi Rabilu Musa Ibro Basir ne yai ajalin sa Wanda ya fito masa,ya tsiro masa ana yanke masa jini ya dinga zuba kamar yadda Ibro ya fada a hira da akai dashi .<ref>https://www.modernghana.com/amp/nollywood/5189/kannywood-tragedy-how-top-stars-met-death-on-nigerian-roads.html</ref> <ref>https://www.labarunhausa.com/5797/takaitaccen-tarihin-jaruman-kannywood-20-da-silar-mutuwarsu/{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> mimov83zzshgykogi9t813t0ehkd69b 550044 550043 2024-12-02T06:12:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 550044 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shu,aibu Kulu''' Tsohon jarumi ne a masana'antar fim ta [[Hausa]], yayi tashe a wasan barkwanci na [[hausa]]. == Takaitaccen Tarihin sa == Jarumi ne da yake yawan fito tare da margayi Rabilu Musa Ibro Basir ne yai ajalin sa Wanda ya fito masa,ya tsiro masa ana yanke masa jini ya dinga zuba kamar yadda Ibro ya fada a hira da akai dashi .<ref>https://www.modernghana.com/amp/nollywood/5189/kannywood-tragedy-how-top-stars-met-death-on-nigerian-roads.html</ref> <ref>https://www.labarunhausa.com/5797/takaitaccen-tarihin-jaruman-kannywood-20-da-silar-mutuwarsu/{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> fjfxcgrxahb0gcvdsfc9ur580644cc3 0 53338 550041 406245 2024-12-02T06:09:46Z Pharouqenr 25549 550041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lawal Kaura''' ya kasance jarumi ne Dan wasan hausaa na barkwanci, Yana yawan fitowa a wasan barkwanci tare da Rabilu Musa Ibro margayi.<ref>https://www.flickr.com/photos/talatu-carmen/4462650002</ref> == Rayuwar sa == Lawal kaura ya rasu a ranar 13 ga watan disamba na shekarar 2011, sakamakon hadarin mota<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/f9fc80d6017d012615e2f0fa4e287b31 |access-date=2023-07-20 |archive-date=2023-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720175019/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/f9fc80d6017d012615e2f0fa4e287b31 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=oz53Ldvt8kM</ref>{{stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} arpi7zkmfiizsiq5l8yrnvejlknz0y1 550042 550041 2024-12-02T06:10:15Z Pharouqenr 25549 550042 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lawal Kaura''' ya kasance jarumi ne Dan wasan hausa na barkwanci, Yana yawan fitowa a wasan barkwanci tare da Rabilu Musa Ibro wato margayi.<ref>https://www.flickr.com/photos/talatu-carmen/4462650002</ref> == Rayuwar sa == Lawal kaura ya rasu a ranar 13 ga watan disamba na shekarar 2011, sakamakon hadarin mota<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/f9fc80d6017d012615e2f0fa4e287b31 |access-date=2023-07-20 |archive-date=2023-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720175019/https://ng.opera.news/ng/en/entertainment/amp/f9fc80d6017d012615e2f0fa4e287b31 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=oz53Ldvt8kM</ref>{{stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} 4z7xz80aicu2t4z0h75kaqn5gzim1nu 0 53346 550039 406775 2024-12-02T06:08:08Z Pharouqenr 25549 550039 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lil Ameer''' An haifi Ameer Hassan a ranar 22 ga watan Mayu, shekarata 2003 kuma ya fara sana'ar waka tun yana dan shekara 9. Ya samu goyon baya daga iyayensa, ba kasafai ba a wannan al'ummar musulmi masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Ya ƙware wajen yin waƙa a ɗan gajeren aikinsa. Tun farkon nasararsa ta “Zaman Lafiya,” Lil Ameer ya sami wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo a manyan tashoshin Kano, kuma ya zama masoyin al’ummar Hausawa hip-hop.<ref>https://afropop.org/articles/lil-ameer-a-nigerian-rap-prodigy-leaves-us-too-soon</ref> == Mutuwarsa == Ameer bello Hassan ya mutu a ranar 14 ga watan Satumba, shekarata 2017), wanda aka fi sani da Lil Ameer, ‘Dan Autan Mawaka, mawakin Najeriya ne kuma mawaki, kuma mai nishadantarwa. Shi ne matashin matashin mawaki daga arewacin Najeriya kuma daya daga cikin jaruman matasa masu sana'ar hip hop da suka yi fice a Najeriya.Saurayin mawakin rap na Kano, Ameer Hassan aka Lil ameer, ya rasu bayan hatsarin mota a jiya, a ranar 14 ga watan Satumba, shekarata 2017. Lil Ameer ya fara sana'ar rap yana da shekaru 9. Za a yi jana'izarsa a yau Juma'a a jihar Kano<ref>https://www.informationng.com/2017/09/14-years-old-nigerian-rapper-lil-ameer-dies-auto-crash.html/amp</ref>. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} lxf4nvvx83yb38l1yxsjufsxtmssbj8 550040 550039 2024-12-02T06:08:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 550040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lil Ameer''' An haifi Ameer Hassan a ranar 22 ga watan Mayu, shekarata 2003 kuma ya fara sana'ar waka tun yana dan shekara 9. Ya samu goyon baya daga iyayensa, ba kasafai ba a wannan al'ummar musulmi masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Ya ƙware wajen yin waƙa a ɗan gajeren aikinsa. Tun farkon nasararsa ta “Zaman Lafiya,” Lil Ameer ya sami wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo a manyan tashoshin Kano, kuma ya zama masoyin al’ummar Hausawa hip-hop.<ref>https://afropop.org/articles/lil-ameer-a-nigerian-rap-prodigy-leaves-us-too-soon</ref> == Mutuwarsa == Ameer bello Hassan ya mutu a ranar 14 ga watan Satumba, shekarata 2017, wanda aka fi sani da Lil Ameer, ‘Dan Autan Mawaka, mawakin Najeriya ne kuma mawaki, kuma mai nishadantarwa. Shi ne matashin matashin mawaki daga arewacin Najeriya kuma daya daga cikin jaruman matasa masu sana'ar hip hop da suka yi fice a Najeriya.Saurayin mawakin rap na Kano, Ameer Hassan aka Lil ameer, ya rasu bayan hatsarin mota a jiya, a ranar 14 ga watan Satumba, shekarata 2017. Lil Ameer ya fara sana'ar rap yana da shekaru 9. Za a yi jana'izarsa a yau Juma'a a jihar Kano<ref>https://www.informationng.com/2017/09/14-years-old-nigerian-rapper-lil-ameer-dies-auto-crash.html/amp</ref>. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} caj5cuhg54g4388084e7g7bwlw950ch 0 53408 550037 282128 2024-12-02T06:07:15Z Pharouqenr 25549 550037 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:'96-'98 BMW 325is E36 Coupe.JPG|'96-'98_BMW_325is_E36_Coupe|300px|right]] '''BMW E36 325iS''', wanda aka samar daga 1991 zuwa 1995, ya kasance mai wasan motsa jiki kuma ya fi dacewa da tsarin E36 3. An bambanta shi da kayan aikin sa na M-Technic, ƙayyadaddun ƙafafun ƙafa, da kayan haɓaka iska, 325iS ya gabatar da bayyanar da ya fi muni. A ciki, 325iS ya fito da wani kokfit mai mai da hankali kan direba, wanda aka ƙarfafa ta wurin kujeru masu goyan baya da abubuwan gyara kayan wasa. An yi amfani da E36 325iS ta injin lita-2.5 mai ƙarfi na layi-shida, yana ba da ƙarin ƙarfin dawakai da juzu'i sama da daidaitattun samfura. Ma'amalarta mai ɗaukar nauyi da haɓaka ƙarfin tuƙi ya sanya 325iS ya zama abin da aka fi so tsakanin masu sha'awar tuki da ke neman abin ban sha'awa da haɗaɗɗun ƙwarewar tuki. Duk da yake 325iS ba ta ɗauki alamar M3 ba, har yanzu tana ba da ɗanɗano aikin injiniyan aikin BMW kuma ya nuna himmar alamar don isar da jin daɗin tuƙi a matakai daban-daban na jeri. gqwxjh81g06keifrdxmo18s3kyjhc0e 550038 550037 2024-12-02T06:07:35Z Pharouqenr 25549 550038 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:'96-'98 BMW 325is E36 Coupe.JPG|'96-'98_BMW_325is_E36_Coupe|300px|right]] '''BMW E36 325iS''', wanda aka samar daga 1991 zuwa shekara ta 1995, ya kasance mai wasan motsa jiki kuma ya fi dacewa da tsarin E36 3. An bambanta shi da kayan aikin sa na M-Technic, ƙayyadaddun ƙafafun ƙafa, da kayan haɓaka iska, 325iS ya gabatar da bayyanar da ya fi muni. A ciki, 325iS ya fito da wani kokfit mai mai da hankali kan direba, wanda aka ƙarfafa ta wurin kujeru masu goyan baya da abubuwan gyara kayan wasa. An yi amfani da E36 325iS ta injin lita-2.5 mai ƙarfi na layi-shida, yana ba da ƙarin ƙarfin dawakai da juzu'i sama da daidaitattun samfura. Ma'amalarta mai ɗaukar nauyi da haɓaka ƙarfin tuƙi ya sanya 325iS ya zama abin da aka fi so tsakanin masu sha'awar tuki da ke neman abin ban sha'awa da haɗaɗɗun ƙwarewar tuki. Duk da yake 325iS ba ta ɗauki alamar M3 ba, har yanzu tana ba da ɗanɗano aikin injiniyan aikin BMW kuma ya nuna himmar alamar don isar da jin daɗin tuƙi a matakai daban-daban na jeri. 228yd6iyy4tg9hvy27s1dtfry0jrf9s 0 53409 550035 549378 2024-12-02T06:05:54Z Pharouqenr 25549 550035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:BMW 328i E36 (14084169614).jpg|BMW_328i_E36_(14084169614)|300px|right]] '''The BMW E36 328i''', kerarre daga 1995 zuwa 2000, ya kasance wani babba-mataki model a cikin E36 3 Series kewayon, miƙa wani saje na yi da alatu. Tare da ƙarancin ƙira da ingantaccen ƙira, 328i ya haɗu da abubuwan salo na BMW na yau da kullun tare da taɓawa na zamani. A ciki, 328i ya fito da ingantaccen naɗaɗɗen ciki, yana nuna kayan ƙima da shimfidar tuƙi. A karkashin hular, 328i an sanye shi da injuna mai ƙarfi na 2.8-lita-shida, yana ba da isasshen iko don ƙwarewar tuƙi na wasanni. E36 328i yana ba da ma'auni na ta'aziyya da aiki, yana mai da shi zaɓi mai ban sha'awa ga waɗanda ke neman haɓakawa daga daidaitattun samfura ba tare da shiga cikin yanki mai girma ba. Ƙwaƙwalwar sa da yanayin da ya dace ya ba E36 328i damar yin kira ga ɗimbin masu sha'awar BMW da masu siyan mota na alfarma. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} fxfc3507v2m5wj1pz1g6zetpgeoee6g 550036 550035 2024-12-02T06:06:39Z Pharouqenr 25549 550036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:BMW 328i E36 (14084169614).jpg|BMW_328i_E36_(14084169614)|300px|right]] '''The BMW E36 328i''', kerarre daga 1995 zuwa 2000, ya kasance wani babba-mataki model a cikin E36 3 Series kewayon, miƙa wani saje na yi da alatu. Tare da ƙarancin ƙira da ingantaccen ƙira, 328i ya haɗu da abubuwan salo na BMW na yau da kullun tare da taɓawa na zamani. A ciki, 328i ya fito da ingantaccen naɗaɗɗen ciki, yana nuna kayan ƙima da shimfidar tuƙi. A karkashin hular, 328i an sanye shi da injuna mai ƙarfi na 2.8-lita-shida, yana ba da isasshen iko don ƙwarewar tuƙi na wasanni. E36 328i yana ba da ma'auni na ta'aziyya da aiki, yana mai da shi zaɓi mai ban sha'awa ga waɗanda ke neman haɓakawa daga daidaitattun samfura ba tare da shiga cikin yanki mai girma ba. Ƙwaƙwalwar sa da yanayin da ya dace ya ba E36 328i damar yin kira ga ɗimbin masu sha'awar BMW da masu siyan mota masu tsada. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} n7nzsxfgh76ephalg6t9pn8p0zp9tti 0 53410 550033 549382 2024-12-02T06:05:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 550033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:BMW 540i E39 (5712935122).jpg|BMW_540i_E39_(5712935122)|right|300px]] [[Fayil:BMW E28 520i JM 1707.jpg|thumb|bmw e]] '''BMW E39 540i''', Wanda aka samar daga 1996 zuwa 2003, ya kasance babban tsari na E39 5 Series, wanda ke ba masu sha'awar tuki da waɗanda ke neman manyan matakan iko da alatu. Tare da ingantacciyar ƙira da sa hannu na gasa koda, E39 540i ya haskaka ma'anar ladabi da sophistication. A ciki, 540i ya ba da gida mai ban sha'awa da gayyata, an ƙawata shi da kayan ƙima da fasaha mai ƙima. Karkashin kaho, E39 540i yana aiki da injin V8 mai ƙarfi 4.4-lita, yana ba da umarni da ƙarfin dawakai da adadi mai ƙarfi. Haɗe tare da santsi kuma mai saurin watsawa ta atomatik ko akwatin kayan aiki na zaɓi, 540i yana ba da ƙwarewar tuƙi mai ƙarfi da kuzari. E39 540i ya misalta cikakkiyar ma'auni tsakanin ta'aziyya da yin aiki, tare da haɗa gyare-gyaren da ake tsammani daga motar alatu tare da sha'awar tuki da ke hade da babban aikin BMW. ==Manazarta== 2jxa5sac922xslkfeki88l2dllb5vua 550034 550033 2024-12-02T06:05:23Z Pharouqenr 25549 550034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:BMW 540i E39 (5712935122).jpg|BMW_540i_E39_(5712935122)|right|300px]] [[Fayil:BMW E28 520i JM 1707.jpg|thumb|bmw e]] '''BMW E39 540i''', Wanda aka samar daga 1996 zuwa shekara ta 2003, ya kasance babban tsari na E39 5 Series, wanda ke ba masu sha'awar tuki da waɗanda ke neman manyan matakan iko da alatu. Tare da ingantacciyar ƙira da sa hannu na gasa koda, E39 540i ya haskaka ma'anar ladabi da sophistication. A ciki, 540i ya ba da gida mai ban sha'awa da gayyata, an ƙawata shi da kayan ƙima da fasaha mai ƙima. Karkashin kaho, E39 540i yana aiki da injin V8 mai ƙarfi 4.4-lita, yana ba da umarni da ƙarfin dawakai da adadi mai ƙarfi. Haɗe tare da santsi kuma mai saurin watsawa ta atomatik ko akwatin kayan aiki na zaɓi, 540i yana ba da ƙwarewar tuƙi mai ƙarfi da kuzari. E39 540i ya misalta cikakkiyar ma'auni tsakanin ta'aziyya da yin aiki, tare da haɗa gyare-gyaren da ake tsammani daga motar alatu tare da sha'awar tuki da ke hade da babban aikin BMW. ==Manazarta== hcdfxakbv6xb6fm8iompdzawniidex2 0 53411 550031 549377 2024-12-02T06:04:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 550031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:1996-1998 BMW 323i (E36) sedan 01.jpg|1996-1998_BMW_323i_(E36)_sedan_01|right|300px]] [[Fayil:'97-'99 BMW 323i Convertible E36 (Hudson).JPG|thumb|Mai budaddiyar kofa]] '''BMW E36 323i,''' wanda aka ƙera daga 1995 zuwa 2000, ya kasance ƙirar tsaka-tsaki a cikin jeri na E36 3, yana ba da fakitin aiki da kwanciyar hankali. Tare da ƙirar sa maras lokaci da kyan gani, 323i ya nuna himmar BMW ga alatu da ba a bayyana ba. A ciki, 323i ya ƙunshi wani tsari mai kyau da kuma ergonomic ciki, yana ba da wuri mai dadi da gayyata ga mazauna. Ƙaddamar da E36 323i ya kasance mai santsi kuma ingantaccen injin layi-shida na 2.5-lita, yana ba da haɗin wutar lantarki da ingantaccen mai. E36 323i ya ba da ingantaccen ƙwarewar tuki mai daɗi, yana mai da shi kyakkyawan zaɓi ga waɗanda ke neman ƙwarewar tuƙi mai ƙima ba tare da ƙarin aikin ƙirar ƙira ba. Ƙaƙƙarfansa da roko mai dorewa sun ƙarfafa E36 323i a matsayin abin ƙaunataccen abin ƙima a tarihin BMW. ==Manazarta== 10ox57t5enjq6g8lokr0366b8n17j3n 550032 550031 2024-12-02T06:04:33Z Pharouqenr 25549 550032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:1996-1998 BMW 323i (E36) sedan 01.jpg|1996-1998_BMW_323i_(E36)_sedan_01|right|300px]] [[Fayil:'97-'99 BMW 323i Convertible E36 (Hudson).JPG|thumb|Mai budaddiyar kofa]] '''BMW E36 323i,''' wanda aka ƙera daga 1995 zuwa shekara ta 2000, ya kasance ƙirar tsaka-tsaki a cikin jeri na E36 3, yana ba da fakitin aiki da kwanciyar hankali. Tare da ƙirar sa maras lokaci da kyan gani, 323i ya nuna himmar BMW ga alatu da ba a bayyana ba. A ciki, 323i ya ƙunshi wani tsari mai kyau da kuma ergonomic ciki, yana ba da wuri mai dadi da gayyata ga mazauna. Ƙaddamar da E36 323i ya kasance mai santsi kuma ingantaccen injin layi-shida na 2.5-lita, yana ba da haɗin wutar lantarki da ingantaccen mai. E36 323i ya ba da ingantaccen ƙwarewar tuki mai daɗi, yana mai da shi kyakkyawan zaɓi ga waɗanda ke neman ƙwarewar tuƙi mai ƙima ba tare da ƙarin aikin ƙirar ƙira ba. Ƙaƙƙarfansa da roko mai dorewa sun ƙarfafa E36 323i a matsayin abin ƙaunataccen abin ƙima a tarihin BMW. ==Manazarta== jszlxzymjkeu6nj0t7ze3n98ngzngat 0 53412 550029 450209 2024-12-02T06:03:26Z Pharouqenr 25549 550029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:2000-2003 BMW 525i (E39) Executive sedan (2010-10-02) 02.jpg|BMW 525i E39|right|thumb|300px]] '''BMW E39 525i''', kerarre daga shekarar 2000 zuwa 2003, ya kasance wani shigarwa-matakin model a cikin E39 5 Series kewayon, samar da ma'auni na yi da alatu ga m masu saye. Tare da naɗaɗɗen ƙirar sa da ƙirar iska, E39 525i ya nuna farin ciki na ƙaya da aji. A ciki, 525i yana ba da ingantaccen ciki da kwanciyar hankali, yana nuna kayan ƙima da fasaha na zamani. An yi amfani da E39 525i ta injin mai amsawa da ingantaccen mai mai nauyin lita 2.5 na layi-shida, yana ba da ƙwarewar tuƙi mai santsi da daɗi. Duk da yake ba samfurin babban aiki ba ne, 525i har yanzu ya sami damar ba da matakin gamsuwar tuki wanda BMW ya shahara. Tare da haɗe-haɗe na sophistication, aiki, da alatu, E39 525i ya yi kira ga waɗanda ke neman ƙwarewar tuƙi mai ƙima a cikin fakitin da za a iya kusantar da su. esz9djm9x2nuq2fyjoqnq5hfna3fp2w 550030 550029 2024-12-02T06:03:41Z Pharouqenr 25549 550030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:2000-2003 BMW 525i (E39) Executive sedan (2010-10-02) 02.jpg|BMW 525i E39|right|thumb|300px]] '''BMW E39 525i''', kerarre daga shekarar 2000 zuwa shekara ta 2003, ya kasance wani shigarwa-matakin model a cikin E39 5 Series kewayon, samar da ma'auni na yi da alatu ga m masu saye. Tare da naɗaɗɗen ƙirar sa da ƙirar iska, E39 525i ya nuna farin ciki na ƙaya da aji. A ciki, 525i yana ba da ingantaccen ciki da kwanciyar hankali, yana nuna kayan ƙima da fasaha na zamani. An yi amfani da E39 525i ta injin mai amsawa da ingantaccen mai mai nauyin lita 2.5 na layi-shida, yana ba da ƙwarewar tuƙi mai santsi da daɗi. Duk da yake ba samfurin babban aiki ba ne, 525i har yanzu ya sami damar ba da matakin gamsuwar tuki wanda BMW ya shahara. Tare da haɗe-haɗe na sophistication, aiki, da alatu, E39 525i ya yi kira ga waɗanda ke neman ƙwarewar tuƙi mai ƙima a cikin fakitin da za a iya kusantar da su. 10zyn7y1mobhc7hnu1x9fek6rhm2vmx 0 53418 550027 432374 2024-12-02T06:02:36Z Pharouqenr 25549 550027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{stub}} '''Hamza Talle Mai fata''' Ya kasance Jarumi ne Kuma sannanne Kuma darakta ne , an Fi sanin sa a fim din sa Mai suna kowa dalin(2016), sarkin barayi(2020),mati da LADO (2014).<ref>https://m.imdb.com/name/nm13851435/bio/</ref>jarumi ne Mai nishadantar da masu kallo. == Takaitaccen Tarihin sa == Hamza Talle Maifata Yana da Dan uwa a masana antar fim ta Hausa Mai suna haruna Talle Maifata, da sauran Yan uwansa, hamza Haifaaffen garin Jos ne jihar filato, Wanda ya Dadeana damawa dashi a masana antar fim ta Hausa Yana da aure mata daya da yaro , mahaifiyar sa ta rasu haka ma mahaifin sa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://hutudole.com/mahaifiyar-hamza-talle-maifata-ta-rasu/ |access-date=2023-07-21 |archive-date=2023-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721202237/https://hutudole.com/mahaifiyar-hamza-talle-maifata-ta-rasu/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> 1tbv34nk28vlg1n9d6aaqds3geaujjf 550028 550027 2024-12-02T06:03:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 550028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{stub}} '''Hamza Talle Mai fata''' Ya kasance Jarumi ne Kuma sannanne Kuma darakta ne , an Fi sanin sa a fim din sa Mai suna kowa dalin(2016), sarkin barayi(2020),mati da LADO (2014).<ref>https://m.imdb.com/name/nm13851435/bio/</ref>jarumi ne Mai nishadantar da masu kallo. == Takaitaccen Tarihin sa == Hamza Talle Maifata Yana da Dan uwa a masana antar fim ta Hausa Mai suna haruna Talle Maifata, da sauran Yan uwansa, hamza Haifaaffen garin Jos ne jihar filato, Wanda ya Dadeana damawa dashi a masana antar fim ta Hausa Yana da aure mata daya da yaro , mahaifiyar sa ta rasu haka ma mahaifin sa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://hutudole.com/mahaifiyar-hamza-talle-maifata-ta-rasu/ |access-date=2023-07-21 |archive-date=2023-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721202237/https://hutudole.com/mahaifiyar-hamza-talle-maifata-ta-rasu/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == pwyf2p7glwjmnjtc8ruyj54yjrv2ov7 0 53440 550025 374627 2024-12-02T06:01:41Z Pharouqenr 25549 550025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Iliyasu Abdulmuminu Tantiri''' Tsohon jarumi ne sannan kuma shahararren Dan wasan barkwanci Kuma darakta furodusa a masana'antar finafinai ta hausa wato [[Kannywood]].<ref>https://www.arewablogng.com/tantiri-ya-fice-daga-kannywood-ko-meye-dalili/</ref><ref>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=zgIzhB5x02A</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://hutudole.com/abdul-ilyasu-tantiri-na-murnar-zgayowar/ |access-date=2023-07-21 |archive-date=2023-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721214824/https://hutudole.com/abdul-ilyasu-tantiri-na-murnar-zgayowar/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ya jima a masana'antar ana fafatawa dashi. == Takaitaccen Tarihin sa == Jarumin ya Dade ana fafatawa dashi a masana'antar fim ta Hausa wato kanniwud, yanada iyali da Yara, babban yaron sa Ahmad Shima matashin jarumi ne a masana'antar, yayi fina finai da dama yayi daraktin na wasu , wasu kuma ya fito a matsayin jarumi , shine daraktan fim din Nan Mai nishadantar wa Mai suna KAUYAWA fitaccen fim na barkawanci a masana'antar.<ref>https://www.muryarhausa24.com.ng/2018/10/karanta-kaji-kuskure-6-da-akai-cikin_31.html?m=1</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Maza yan wasan kwaikwayo]] klxje8j1sa5nokzns94zc052e457nj1 550026 550025 2024-12-02T06:01:59Z Pharouqenr 25549 550026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Iliyasu Abdulmuminu Tantiri''' Tsohon jarumi ne sannan kuma shahararren Dan wasan barkwanci Kuma darakta furodusa a masana'antar finafinai ta hausa wato [[Kannywood]].<ref>https://www.arewablogng.com/tantiri-ya-fice-daga-kannywood-ko-meye-dalili/</ref><ref>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=zgIzhB5x02A</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://hutudole.com/abdul-ilyasu-tantiri-na-murnar-zgayowar/ |access-date=2023-07-21 |archive-date=2023-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721214824/https://hutudole.com/abdul-ilyasu-tantiri-na-murnar-zgayowar/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ya jima a masana'antar ana fafatawa dashi. == Takaitaccen Tarihin sa == Jarumin ya Dade ana fafatawa dashi a cikin masana'antar fim ta Hausa wato kanniwud, yanada iyali da Yara, babban yaron sa Ahmad Shima matashin jarumi ne a masana'antar, yayi fina finai da dama yayi daraktin na wasu , wasu kuma ya fito a matsayin jarumi , shine daraktan fim din Nan Mai nishadantar wa Mai suna KAUYAWA fitaccen fim na barkawanci a masana'antar.<ref>https://www.muryarhausa24.com.ng/2018/10/karanta-kaji-kuskure-6-da-akai-cikin_31.html?m=1</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Maza yan wasan kwaikwayo]] t1o3dppyt06kwlyoksww5jb623kjq37 0 53443 550023 282948 2024-12-02T06:00:48Z Pharouqenr 25549 550023 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ladidi Fagge''' tsohuwar jaruma ce a masana antar fim ta kasar Hausa wato [[Kannywood]], tana taka rawa a matakin iyaye, anfi sawo ya a fim a matsayin uwar mji . == Takaitaccen Tarihin ta == Ladidi fagge an haifeta a garin Fagge, a kwanakin baya Anji rade radin cewa jarumar ta rasu bayan tayi jinya, daga baya aka tabbatar da Bata mutu ba inda har akai hira da ita , tace tati fama da rashin lafiyan sosai , jarumar tayi fina finai da dama a Masana antar kanniwud da yawa irin.<ref>https://kannywoodsceneblog.wordpress.com/tag/ladidi-fagge/</ref> * Carbine kwai * Umarni uwa * Dan marayan Zaki * Halisa * Hurumi * Da sauran su<ref>https://fimmagazine.com/cewar-jarumar-kannywood-ladidi-fagge-ban-san-ana-ya%C9%97a-mugun-labari-game-da-ni-a-soshiyal-midiya-ba/</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Mata yan wasan kwaikwayo]] 7kyay1ip02ssi6ddtved7qhh64ueag4 550024 550023 2024-12-02T06:01:06Z Pharouqenr 25549 550024 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ladidi Fagge''' tsohuwar jaruma ce a masana antar fim ta kasar Hausa wato masana'antar [[Kannywood]], tana taka rawa a matakin iyaye, anfi sawo ya a fim a matsayin uwar mji . == Takaitaccen Tarihin ta == Ladidi fagge an haifeta a garin Fagge, a kwanakin baya Anji rade radin cewa jarumar ta rasu bayan tayi jinya, daga baya aka tabbatar da Bata mutu ba inda har akai hira da ita , tace tati fama da rashin lafiyan sosai , jarumar tayi fina finai da dama a Masana antar kanniwud da yawa irin.<ref>https://kannywoodsceneblog.wordpress.com/tag/ladidi-fagge/</ref> * Carbine kwai * Umarni uwa * Dan marayan Zaki * Halisa * Hurumi * Da sauran su<ref>https://fimmagazine.com/cewar-jarumar-kannywood-ladidi-fagge-ban-san-ana-ya%C9%97a-mugun-labari-game-da-ni-a-soshiyal-midiya-ba/</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Mata yan wasan kwaikwayo]] 27fy62q7w3lxlbge7a4hnf75m4a97br 0 53448 550021 523847 2024-12-02T05:59:51Z Pharouqenr 25549 550021 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Atif Aslam at Badlapur (cropped).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Atif Aslam at o2 arena on 22 april 2012.jpg|thumb|Atif Aslam]]   '''Atif Aslam''' ( {{Lang-ur|{{nq|عاطف اسلم}}}} </link> , an haife shi 12 Maris din shekarar 1983) mawaƙin Pakistan ne, marubucin waƙa, mawaki, kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. Ya yi rekodi da yawa a cikin [[Pakistan]] da [[Indiya]], kuma an san shi da fasahar bel ɗin murya . Aslam ya fi yin waka a cikin [[Urdu]], amma kuma ya rera a cikin [[Harshen Hindu|Hindi]], [[Harshen Punjab|Punjabi]], Bengali, da Pashto . A cikin 2008, ya sami lambar yabo ta Tamgha-e-Imtiaz, lambar yabo ta huɗu mafi girma ta farar hula daga gwamnatin Pakistan . Hakanan ya kasance mai karɓar lambobin yabo na Lux Style da yawa. Aslam ya fara fitowa a 2011, tare da Urdu social drama film ''Bol'' . A cikin 2019, an ba shi tauraro a cikin Walk of Fame na Dubai bayan an zaɓi shi don mafi kyawun mawaƙa a [[Pakistan]] . An kuma nuna shi a cikin Forbes Asia's Digital Stars 100, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba 2020. Yana kiran magoya bayansa da suna "Aadeez" ( {{Lang-ur|{{nq|عادیز}}}} &#x27; <span>Habituals</span> &#x27;</link> ). [[Category:Biography with signature]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Atif Aslam a ranar 12 ga Maris 1983, ga dangin [[Mutanen Punjabi|Punjabi]] a Wazirabad, [[Pakistan]] . Ya tafi Makarantar Kimberley Hall a [[Lahore]] har zuwa 1991, lokacin da ya koma Rawalpindi, kuma ya ci gaba da karatunsa a '''Makarantar St. Paul's Cambridge''' a Garin tauraron dan adam . A 1995, Aslam ya koma Lahore, inda ya ci gaba da karatunsa a reshen Makarantar Jama'a da Kwalejin (DPSC) . Ya ci gaba da zuwa Fazaia Inter College don HSSC daga 1999 zuwa 2001, sannan ya tafi PICS don yin karatun digiri a kan ilimin kwamfuta . A wata hira da akayi dashi Aslam ya bayyana cewa burinsa a wannan lokacin shine ya zama mawaki. == Sana'a == === 2004-2008 === Aslam tsohon dan group ne Jal . Bayan rabuwa da Jal, Aslam ya fitar da albam dinsa na farko mai suna ''Jal Pari'' a shekarar 2004 wanda ya zama bugawa nan take. Album din solo na Aslam na biyu <nowiki><i id="mwYg">Meri Kahani</i></nowiki> ya samu kyautar a karo na 7 na Lux Style Awards a rukunin "Best Album". Kundin waƙar "wanda aka zaba a cikin 2009 a cikin "MTV Music Awards" a cikin "Best Rock Song".{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2022}}</link> A cikin 2008, ya rubuta nau'ikan Pehli Nazar Mein da Bakhuda Tumhi Ho daga <nowiki><i id="mwaA">Race</i></nowiki> da ''Kismat Konnection ,'' bi da bi. Pehli Nazar Mein ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Bollywood kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta IIFA. === 2009 - 2015: Fim na Indiya/Pakistan ya fara fitowa === A cikin fim din ''Ajab Prem Ki Ghazab Kahani'' na 2009, ya rera " Tu Jaane Na" da " Tera Hone Laga Hoon" gami da remix versions na wakokin biyu wadanda suka zabo shi da dama. A shekarar 2011, ya rera waka daga cikin fim din FALTU, mai suna "Le Ja Tu Mujhe". A wannan shekarar, ya rera wakoki guda biyu " Hona Tha Pyar " da "Kaho Aaj Bol Do" tare da Hadiqa Kiani a cikin fim din Pakistan na ''Bol'' wanda aka jefa shi a matsayin jagora. A wannan shekarar, ya nada wakoki biyu na fim din Tere Naal Love Ho Gaya, "Tu Muhabbat Hai" da "Piya O Re Piya". Ya yi wakoki biyu "Bol Ke Lub Azaad Hain" da "Mori Araj Suno" na fim din Hollywood The Reluctant Fundamentalist . Ya kuma yi a cikin Coke Studio's Season Five mai taken "Charka Nolakha", "Rabba Sacheya" da "Dholna". An zabi Main Rang Sharbaton Ka a lambar yabo ta Duniya a cikin 2014 don "Mafi kyawun Waƙa". "Main Rang Sharbaton Ka" ya samo kyaututtuka da yawa da kuma zabuka masu yawa a gare shi. An saki Zameen Jaagti Hai da Tu Khaas Hai a Pakistan. A cikin 2014, ya yi rikodin waƙoƙin 2 don fim ɗin Nishaɗi, "Tera Naam Doon" da "Nahi Woh Saamne". Duk wakokin Sachin-Jigar ne suka tsara su tare da rubutattun wakokin Priya Panchal. Ya kuma rera wakar talla ta QMobile Noir i10 "Dil Se Dil" da wakar tallan Etisalat "Faasle". Ya yi aiki tare da Sachin-Jigar a waƙar Jeena Jeena na fim ɗin Badlapur, Waƙar Jeena Jeena ta kasance kan gaba a matakai daban-daban kuma ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan jarumai a 2015, wanda kuma ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Filmfare a matsayin mafi kyawun mawakin sake kunnawa. A wannan shekarar kuma ya yi rikodin Dil Kare ga Ho Mann Jahaan . Fassarar Aslam na " Tajdar-e-Haram " ya haye ra'ayoyi miliyan 285 akan [[YouTube]] a watan Yuli 2020, wanda aka fito dashi a shekarar 2015, ya zama asalin bidiyo na farko a Pakistan don cimma babban rikodin. Waƙar [[Qawwali]], wadda Sabri Brothers suka rera ta, an sake shi a ranar 15 ga Agusta 2015 a cikin ''CokeStudio Season 8'' kuma an kallo a cikin ƙasashe 186 a fadin duniya. Hakanan, shine farkon bidiyo na mutum ɗaya na Aslam akan YouTube don yin rikodin. === 2016 - 2020 === Aslam ya yi aiki tare da mawaki Arko Pravo a waƙar Charbuster Tere Sang Yaara daga Rustom wacce ta yi sama da jadawalin "Bollywood Life", ta samu lambar yabo ta "Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer". Atif yayi aiki da Mithoon akan wakar "Mar Jaayen" ta Loveshhuda nau'i hudu a shekarar 2016, wanda Sayeed Qaudri ya rubuta. "Dil Dancer" na fim din Actor in Law wanda aka saki, wanda ya ba shi lambar yabo ta LUX a matsayin mafi kyawun mawaƙin sake kunnawa. Ya rera wakar “Yaariyaan” tare da Ali Zafar, wanda Sahir Ali Bagga ya yi wanda aka saki a ranar tsaro ta 2016. Ya yi aiki tare da Maher Zain don waƙar "Ina Raye" kuma ya rera "Jal Pari" don tallan Huawei Honor 5X . A farkon shekara, waƙar "Hoor" ta Hindi Medium ta fito. Bayan haka, an fitar da waƙar Romantic " Baarish " daga Half Girlfriend wanda Tanishk Bagchi ya tsara da waƙar ballad "Musafir" daga Sweetie Weds NRI. Waƙar soyayya mai suna "Darasal" wadda JAM8 ta shirya a wannan shekarar. Waƙoƙin Ballad guda biyu "Main Agar" daga Tubelight da "Jaane De" na Qarib Qarib Singlle, bi da bi, sun fito, waɗanda Pritam da Vishal Mishra suka shirya. A cikin Disamba 2017, " Dil Diyan Gallan " daga Tiger Zinda Hai ya fito, wanda Vishal–Shekhar ya tsara da kuma waƙoƙin Irshad Kamil . Waƙar ta sami ra'ayoyi sama da 670M akan [[YouTube]] har zuwa Janairu 2021. <ref>{{YouTube|SAcpESN_Fk4|title=Dil Diyan Gallan Song {{!}} Tiger Zinda Hai {{!}} Salman Khan, Katrina Kaif {{!}} Atif, Vishal & Shekhar, Irshad}}</ref> Wakarsa ta farko ta Bengali "Mithe Alo" daga fim din Cockpit shima an sake shi. A wannan shekarar, an fito da Pehli Dafa tare da Aslam da Ileana D'Cruz, wanda ya kasance wani abu na Shiraz Uppal . Wani “Younhi” da Atif da kansa ya rubuta a ranar haihuwar Atif, wanda ya fito da Aslam da Nicolli Dela Nina. "Noor-e-Azal" Hamd ya fito, wanda Aslam da [[Abida Parveen]] suka rera, wani abun da Shani Arshad ya yi. Ya kuma rera wakar ISPR mai suna Kabhi Percham Main, wacce aka saki a ranar Tsaro ta 2017. Ya yi a karo na 16 na Lux Style Awards ta hanyar rera wakar " Pakistan National Anthem " da "Us Rah Par". [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1983]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] e2f4ar7vz24f5gkw6a6i6ty22q0sikn 550022 550021 2024-12-02T06:00:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 550022 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Atif Aslam at Badlapur (cropped).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Atif Aslam at o2 arena on 22 april 2012.jpg|thumb|Atif Aslam]]   '''Atif Aslam''' ( {{Lang-ur|{{nq|عاطف اسلم}}}} </link> , an haife shi 12 Maris din shekarar 1983) mawaƙin Pakistan ne, marubucin waƙa, mawaki, kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. Ya yi rekodi da yawa a cikin kasar [[Pakistan]] da [[Indiya]], kuma an san shi da fasahar bel ɗin murya . Aslam ya fi yin waka a cikin [[Urdu]], amma kuma ya rera a cikin [[Harshen Hindu|Hindi]], [[Harshen Punjab|Punjabi]], Bengali, da Pashto . A cikin 2008, ya sami lambar yabo ta Tamgha-e-Imtiaz, lambar yabo ta huɗu mafi girma ta farar hula daga gwamnatin Pakistan . Hakanan ya kasance mai karɓar lambobin yabo na Lux Style da yawa. Aslam ya fara fitowa a 2011, tare da Urdu social drama film ''Bol'' . A cikin 2019, an ba shi tauraro a cikin Walk of Fame na Dubai bayan an zaɓi shi don mafi kyawun mawaƙa a [[Pakistan]] . An kuma nuna shi a cikin Forbes Asia's Digital Stars 100, wanda aka buga a watan Disamba 2020. Yana kiran magoya bayansa da suna "Aadeez" ( {{Lang-ur|{{nq|عادیز}}}} &#x27; <span>Habituals</span> &#x27;</link> ). [[Category:Biography with signature]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Atif Aslam a ranar 12 ga Maris 1983, ga dangin [[Mutanen Punjabi|Punjabi]] a Wazirabad, [[Pakistan]] . Ya tafi Makarantar Kimberley Hall a [[Lahore]] har zuwa 1991, lokacin da ya koma Rawalpindi, kuma ya ci gaba da karatunsa a '''Makarantar St. Paul's Cambridge''' a Garin tauraron dan adam . A 1995, Aslam ya koma Lahore, inda ya ci gaba da karatunsa a reshen Makarantar Jama'a da Kwalejin (DPSC) . Ya ci gaba da zuwa Fazaia Inter College don HSSC daga 1999 zuwa 2001, sannan ya tafi PICS don yin karatun digiri a kan ilimin kwamfuta . A wata hira da akayi dashi Aslam ya bayyana cewa burinsa a wannan lokacin shine ya zama mawaki. == Sana'a == === 2004-2008 === Aslam tsohon dan group ne Jal . Bayan rabuwa da Jal, Aslam ya fitar da albam dinsa na farko mai suna ''Jal Pari'' a shekarar 2004 wanda ya zama bugawa nan take. Album din solo na Aslam na biyu <nowiki><i id="mwYg">Meri Kahani</i></nowiki> ya samu kyautar a karo na 7 na Lux Style Awards a rukunin "Best Album". Kundin waƙar "wanda aka zaba a cikin 2009 a cikin "MTV Music Awards" a cikin "Best Rock Song".{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2022}}</link> A cikin 2008, ya rubuta nau'ikan Pehli Nazar Mein da Bakhuda Tumhi Ho daga <nowiki><i id="mwaA">Race</i></nowiki> da ''Kismat Konnection ,'' bi da bi. Pehli Nazar Mein ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Bollywood kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta IIFA. === 2009 - 2015: Fim na Indiya/Pakistan ya fara fitowa === A cikin fim din ''Ajab Prem Ki Ghazab Kahani'' na 2009, ya rera " Tu Jaane Na" da " Tera Hone Laga Hoon" gami da remix versions na wakokin biyu wadanda suka zabo shi da dama. A shekarar 2011, ya rera waka daga cikin fim din FALTU, mai suna "Le Ja Tu Mujhe". A wannan shekarar, ya rera wakoki guda biyu " Hona Tha Pyar " da "Kaho Aaj Bol Do" tare da Hadiqa Kiani a cikin fim din Pakistan na ''Bol'' wanda aka jefa shi a matsayin jagora. A wannan shekarar, ya nada wakoki biyu na fim din Tere Naal Love Ho Gaya, "Tu Muhabbat Hai" da "Piya O Re Piya". Ya yi wakoki biyu "Bol Ke Lub Azaad Hain" da "Mori Araj Suno" na fim din Hollywood The Reluctant Fundamentalist . Ya kuma yi a cikin Coke Studio's Season Five mai taken "Charka Nolakha", "Rabba Sacheya" da "Dholna". An zabi Main Rang Sharbaton Ka a lambar yabo ta Duniya a cikin 2014 don "Mafi kyawun Waƙa". "Main Rang Sharbaton Ka" ya samo kyaututtuka da yawa da kuma zabuka masu yawa a gare shi. An saki Zameen Jaagti Hai da Tu Khaas Hai a Pakistan. A cikin 2014, ya yi rikodin waƙoƙin 2 don fim ɗin Nishaɗi, "Tera Naam Doon" da "Nahi Woh Saamne". Duk wakokin Sachin-Jigar ne suka tsara su tare da rubutattun wakokin Priya Panchal. Ya kuma rera wakar talla ta QMobile Noir i10 "Dil Se Dil" da wakar tallan Etisalat "Faasle". Ya yi aiki tare da Sachin-Jigar a waƙar Jeena Jeena na fim ɗin Badlapur, Waƙar Jeena Jeena ta kasance kan gaba a matakai daban-daban kuma ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan jarumai a 2015, wanda kuma ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Filmfare a matsayin mafi kyawun mawakin sake kunnawa. A wannan shekarar kuma ya yi rikodin Dil Kare ga Ho Mann Jahaan . Fassarar Aslam na " Tajdar-e-Haram " ya haye ra'ayoyi miliyan 285 akan [[YouTube]] a watan Yuli 2020, wanda aka fito dashi a shekarar 2015, ya zama asalin bidiyo na farko a Pakistan don cimma babban rikodin. Waƙar [[Qawwali]], wadda Sabri Brothers suka rera ta, an sake shi a ranar 15 ga Agusta 2015 a cikin ''CokeStudio Season 8'' kuma an kallo a cikin ƙasashe 186 a fadin duniya. Hakanan, shine farkon bidiyo na mutum ɗaya na Aslam akan YouTube don yin rikodin. === 2016 - 2020 === Aslam ya yi aiki tare da mawaki Arko Pravo a waƙar Charbuster Tere Sang Yaara daga Rustom wacce ta yi sama da jadawalin "Bollywood Life", ta samu lambar yabo ta "Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer". Atif yayi aiki da Mithoon akan wakar "Mar Jaayen" ta Loveshhuda nau'i hudu a shekarar 2016, wanda Sayeed Qaudri ya rubuta. "Dil Dancer" na fim din Actor in Law wanda aka saki, wanda ya ba shi lambar yabo ta LUX a matsayin mafi kyawun mawaƙin sake kunnawa. Ya rera wakar “Yaariyaan” tare da Ali Zafar, wanda Sahir Ali Bagga ya yi wanda aka saki a ranar tsaro ta 2016. Ya yi aiki tare da Maher Zain don waƙar "Ina Raye" kuma ya rera "Jal Pari" don tallan Huawei Honor 5X . A farkon shekara, waƙar "Hoor" ta Hindi Medium ta fito. Bayan haka, an fitar da waƙar Romantic " Baarish " daga Half Girlfriend wanda Tanishk Bagchi ya tsara da waƙar ballad "Musafir" daga Sweetie Weds NRI. Waƙar soyayya mai suna "Darasal" wadda JAM8 ta shirya a wannan shekarar. Waƙoƙin Ballad guda biyu "Main Agar" daga Tubelight da "Jaane De" na Qarib Qarib Singlle, bi da bi, sun fito, waɗanda Pritam da Vishal Mishra suka shirya. A cikin Disamba 2017, " Dil Diyan Gallan " daga Tiger Zinda Hai ya fito, wanda Vishal–Shekhar ya tsara da kuma waƙoƙin Irshad Kamil . Waƙar ta sami ra'ayoyi sama da 670M akan [[YouTube]] har zuwa Janairu 2021. <ref>{{YouTube|SAcpESN_Fk4|title=Dil Diyan Gallan Song {{!}} Tiger Zinda Hai {{!}} Salman Khan, Katrina Kaif {{!}} Atif, Vishal & Shekhar, Irshad}}</ref> Wakarsa ta farko ta Bengali "Mithe Alo" daga fim din Cockpit shima an sake shi. A wannan shekarar, an fito da Pehli Dafa tare da Aslam da Ileana D'Cruz, wanda ya kasance wani abu na Shiraz Uppal . Wani “Younhi” da Atif da kansa ya rubuta a ranar haihuwar Atif, wanda ya fito da Aslam da Nicolli Dela Nina. "Noor-e-Azal" Hamd ya fito, wanda Aslam da [[Abida Parveen]] suka rera, wani abun da Shani Arshad ya yi. Ya kuma rera wakar ISPR mai suna Kabhi Percham Main, wacce aka saki a ranar Tsaro ta 2017. Ya yi a karo na 16 na Lux Style Awards ta hanyar rera wakar " Pakistan National Anthem " da "Us Rah Par". [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1983]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] clnewadp3p3fyfu7e7juesldjuamw5w 0 53454 550019 521455 2024-12-02T05:58:38Z Pharouqenr 25549 550019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} == Takaitaccen Tarihin sa == '''Abdullahi Abdullahi Muhammad''' Dan Azumi, wanda akafi sani da Abdallah Amdaz ko kace ''Excellency'' Abdallah Amdaz Mawaki ne, Jarumin fina-finai na Hausa da Turanci, sannan kuma marubucin labari na fina-finai, ta wani fannin kuma producer a masana'antar fim ta Kannywood. An haife shi ne a shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in da biyar 1995 yanzun Yana da shekaru 28 acikin garin Kano aka haife shi anan yai firamare da sakandiri bayan ya gama ya shiga kwaleji ya fara karatu a kwas din larabci, daga nan ya shiga wata makarantar ya Karanci kwamfuta, daga Nan ya shiga jami,a Amma be kamnala ba sakamakon Wani dalili. == WAKA== Abdullahi ya fara Waka ne tun yana makaranta Kuma yafi yin Wakokin da suka shafi sarauta, Wakokin Al,ADU, Wakokin biki da Kuma na fina finai izuwa yanzun yayi Wakokin akalla guda 100 a kiyasi.Fara harkan fim: Abdullahi amdaz ya fara harkan fim ne farko da Shirin Nan na turanci Wanda alhaji kabiru Musa jammaje ya shirya Mai suna(in search of a king) ganin rawar da ya taka ne darakta Mallam aminu Saira ya daukoshi ya sashi a shirinsa na labarina <ref>https://manuniya.com/2022/12/10/abdullahi-amdaz-biography-age-net-worth-movies-education/</ref>Wanda ya fito a matsayin excellency,daga Nan tauraruwar sa ta haska ga Wakokin sa Suma suka haska <ref>https://music.apple.com/ng/artist/abdallah-amdaz/1484566838</ref>suka zaga duniya mawakin beda aure a yanzun haka<ref>https://m.youtube.com/channel/UCo5ZrGQVmsJfXE6cFnGFxoA</ref><ref>https://popnable.com/nigeria/artists/66635-abdallah-amdaz/biography-and-facts</ref>Jerin Wakokin sa na album <ref>https://popnable.com/nigeria/artists/66635-abdallah-amdaz/biography-and-facts</ref> * Bayan rai * Hilwa * Hubba * Almajiri * Tuzuru * Yar Balbela * Zogale * Taliya * Munafuka * Waash Baby * Kulele * Taho Taho * Hanayi == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Maza yan wasan kwaikwayo]] <references /> [[Category:Haifaffun 1995]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar kano]] jgqsbnyxnlcdohooeyixnkmzpqky8oo 550020 550019 2024-12-02T05:58:59Z Pharouqenr 25549 550020 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} == Takaitaccen Tarihin sa == '''Abdullahi Abdullahi Muhammad''' Dan Azumi, wanda akafi sani da Abdallah Amdaz ko kuma kace ''Excellency'' Abdallah Amdaz Mawaki ne, Jarumin fina-finai na Hausa da Turanci, sannan kuma marubucin labari na fina-finai, ta wani fannin kuma producer a masana'antar fim ta Kannywood. An haife shi ne a shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in da biyar 1995 yanzun Yana da shekaru 28 acikin garin Kano aka haife shi anan yai firamare da sakandiri bayan ya gama ya shiga kwaleji ya fara karatu a kwas din larabci, daga nan ya shiga wata makarantar ya Karanci kwamfuta, daga Nan ya shiga jami,a Amma be kamnala ba sakamakon Wani dalili. == WAKA== Abdullahi ya fara Waka ne tun yana makaranta Kuma yafi yin Wakokin da suka shafi sarauta, Wakokin Al,ADU, Wakokin biki da Kuma na fina finai izuwa yanzun yayi Wakokin akalla guda 100 a kiyasi.Fara harkan fim: Abdullahi amdaz ya fara harkan fim ne farko da Shirin Nan na turanci Wanda alhaji kabiru Musa jammaje ya shirya Mai suna(in search of a king) ganin rawar da ya taka ne darakta Mallam aminu Saira ya daukoshi ya sashi a shirinsa na labarina <ref>https://manuniya.com/2022/12/10/abdullahi-amdaz-biography-age-net-worth-movies-education/</ref>Wanda ya fito a matsayin excellency,daga Nan tauraruwar sa ta haska ga Wakokin sa Suma suka haska <ref>https://music.apple.com/ng/artist/abdallah-amdaz/1484566838</ref>suka zaga duniya mawakin beda aure a yanzun haka<ref>https://m.youtube.com/channel/UCo5ZrGQVmsJfXE6cFnGFxoA</ref><ref>https://popnable.com/nigeria/artists/66635-abdallah-amdaz/biography-and-facts</ref>Jerin Wakokin sa na album <ref>https://popnable.com/nigeria/artists/66635-abdallah-amdaz/biography-and-facts</ref> * Bayan rai * Hilwa * Hubba * Almajiri * Tuzuru * Yar Balbela * Zogale * Taliya * Munafuka * Waash Baby * Kulele * Taho Taho * Hanayi == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Hausawa]] [[Category:Yan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Category:Maza yan wasan kwaikwayo]] <references /> [[Category:Haifaffun 1995]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar kano]] ebwd8phf83706ec1n563as9cbzr6mkt 0 53491 549537 523472 2024-12-01T16:57:45Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Aly Goni at the launch of Fear Factor Khatron Ke Khiladi 9.jpg|thumb|Aly Goni]]   '''Aly Goni''' (an haife shi 25 Fabrairun shekarar 1991) ɗan wasan Indiya ne kuma abin ƙira wanda ke fitowa a gidan talabijin [[Harshen Hindu|na Hindi]] . Ya fara fitowa ne ta hanyar shiga cikin shirin MTV na soyayya na gaskiya ''Splitsvilla 5'' . Goni ya yi suna bayan ya nuna Romesh Bhalla a cikin soyayyar StarPlus ''Yeh Hai Mohabbatein'' har zuwa 2019. Ya kuma shiga cikin nunin gaskiya na tushen stunt ''Khatron Ke Khiladi 9'', da ''Nach Baliye 9'' duka a cikin shekarar 2019. [[Fayil:Aly Goni and Jasmin Bhasin at Kaushal Joshi's wedding.jpg|thumb|Aly Goni]] A cikin shekarar 2020, Goni ya shiga cikin nunin gaskiya na Colors TV na ''Bigg Boss 14'' inda ya ƙare a matsayi na 4. [[Category:Articles with hCards]] == Rayuwar farko da ta sirri == [[Fayil:Aly Goni, Jasmin Bhasin snapped at the airport 2.jpg|thumb|Aly Goni]] '''Aly Goni''' (an haife shi ranar 25 Fabrairu shekarar 1991) ɗan wasan Indiya ne kuma abin ƙira wanda ke fitowa a gidan talabijin [[Harshen Hindu|na Hindi]] . Ya fara fitowa ne ta hanyar shiga cikin shirin MTV na soyayya na gaskiya ''Splitsvilla 5'' . Goni ya yi suna bayan ya nuna Romesh Bhalla a cikin soyayyar StarPlus ''Yeh Hai Mohabbatein'' har zuwa shekarar 2019. Ya kuma shiga cikin nunin gaskiya na tushen stunt ''Khatron Ke Khiladi 9'', da ''Nach Baliye 9'' duka a cikin 2019. == Sana'a == A cikin 2012, Aly ya fara aikinsa ta hanyar shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya ''MTV Splitsvilla 5'' . A cikin 2013, ya fara wasan kwaikwayo tare da Star Plus 's ''Yeh Hai Mohabbatein'' inda ya buga Romi Bhalla har zuwa ƙarshen Disamba 2019. A cikin 2015, ya fara buga babban jagora Raj Kapoor ta hanyar maye gurbin Vibhav Roy a cikin ''Kuch Toh Hai Tere Mere Darmiyaan'' na Star Plus kuma wasan kwaikwayon ya tashi a cikin Janairu 2016. A 2016, ya taka rawar Kabir Raichand a cikin ''Yeh Kahan Aa Gaye Hum'' na &amp;amp;TV . Daga baya ya taka rawar Virat a cikin Life OK 's ''Bahu Hamari Rajni Kant'' . A cikin 2017, ya buga Sushant a cikin StarPlus's ''DHhai Kilo Prem'' . A cikin 2018, ya fito a matsayin Naman Kapoor a cikin Sony TV na ''Dil Hi Toh Hai'' . A cikin watan Satumba na shekarar 2018, Ya fara fitowa a bidiyo na kiɗan sa tare da waƙar "Cheater Mohan" wanda Kanika Kapoor ya rera. Ya kuma buga mummunan hali na Vyom a cikin ''Naagin 3'' . [[Fayil:Aly Goni at Bigg Boss 14 finale (cropped).jpg|thumb|Aly Goni]] A cikin 2019, ya shiga cikin Launuka TV 's ''Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 9'' . Ya kuma fito a cikin shirin wasan barkwanci na Colors TV ''Khatra Khatra Khatra'' . A watan Yuni 2019, ya yi bidiyon kiɗansa na biyu mai suna "Tere Jism 2". A cikin Yuli 2019, ya shiga cikin nunin gaskiya na rawa na Star Plus ''Nach Baliye 9'' tare da Nataša Stanković a matsayin tsoffin ma'aurata. Ya yi jerin gwanonsa na farko a matsayin Surya Sethi a cikin ZEE5 's ''Jeet Ki Zid'' a cikin Janairu 2021. == A cikin kafafen yada labarai == Goni ya kasance matsayi na 12th a cikin 2018, na 14 a cikin 2019 da na 3 a cikin 2020 a cikin Times Of India 's 20 Mafi Kyawun Maza akan Talabijin Indiya . Ya kasance matsayi na 22 a cikin Times of India 's 50 Mafi Kyawun Maza na 2020. == Filmography == === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula ! Ref. |- | 2012 | ''Splitsville 5'' | Mai gasa | Wuri na 8 | |- | 2013 | ''V Serial'' | Kansa | | |- | 2013-2019 | ''Ya Hai Mohabbatein'' | Romesh "Romi" Bhalla | | |- | 2015-2016 | ''Kuch Toh Hai Tere Mere Darmiyaan'' | Raj Kapoor | | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Yeh Kahan Aa Gaye Hum'' | Kabir "Agni" Raichand | | |- | ''Bahu Hamari Rajni Kant'' | Virat Batra | | |- | 2017 | ''DHhai Kilo Prem'' | Sushant | | |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | ''Dil Hi Toh Hai'' | Naman Kapoor | | |- | ''Najin 3'' | Vyom | | |- | rowspan="2" | 2019 | ''Khatron Ke Khiladi 9'' | rowspan="4" | Mai gasa | Wuri na 5 | |- | ''Nach Baliye 9'' | Na uku ya zo na biyu | |- | 2020 | ''Khatron Ke Khiladi - Made in India'' | Wuri na 5 | |- | 2020-2021 | ''Babban Boss 14'' | Na uku ya zo na biyu | |} ==== Bayyanuwa na musamman ==== {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | 2013 | ''Splitsville 6'' | rowspan="2" | Kansa | |- | 2014 | ''Aur Pyaar Ho Gaya'' | |- | 2014-2019 | ''Box Cricket League'' | Mai kunnawa | 4 yanayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2015 | ''Dance Plus 1'' | rowspan="3" | Raj Kapoor | |- | ''Saath Nibhaana Sathiya'' | |- | ''Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai'' | |- | rowspan="2" | 2019 | ''Gwarzon Kitchen 5'' | rowspan="4" | Kansa | |- | ''Khatar Khatra'' | |- | 2020 | ''Abin tsoro: Khatron Ke Khiladi 10'' | Fitowa ta 21-22 |- | 2021 | ''Abin tsoro: Khatron Ke Khiladi 11'' | Kashi na 8 |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Mawaƙa(s) ! Bayanan kula ! Ref. |- | 2018 | ''Marubucin Mohan'' | Kanika Kapoor, Ikka | | |- | 2019 | ''Jism 2'' | Altaaf Sayyed | | |- | rowspan="5" | 2021 | ''Tara Suit'' | Tony Kakkar | | |- | ''Tu Bhi Sataya Jayega'' | Vishal Misra | | |- | ''Aly'' | Rahul Vaidya | {{Small|Archival footage}} | |- | ''2 Waya'' | Neha Kakkar | | |- | ''Joda'' | Afsana Khan | | |- | rowspan="2" | 2022 | ''Jumme Di Namaaz'' | Daga Malik | | |- | ''Sajaunga Lutkar Bhi'' | Shaan, Neeti Mohan | | |- | 2023 | ''Meherbaan'' | Sonu Kakkar, Abhijeet Srivastava, Amjad Bagadwa | | |} == Duba kuma == * Jerin 'yan wasan talabijin na Indiya == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1991]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7jrqjdtsstlo9z7a7g6wxiqh541rq0m 0 53560 549500 325019 2024-12-01T15:55:13Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Naughty boy 2.jpg|thumb|hoton naughty boy]] [[Fayil:Naughtyboyasianawards.png|thumb|Yaro Mai Banza]] '''Shahid Khan''' ( {{Lang-ur|شاهد خان}}; an haife shi 1 Janairun Shekarar 1981), wanda aka fi sani da sunansa '''Naughty Boy''', ɗan Burtaniya DJ ne, mai yin rikodin rikodi, marubuci kuma mawaƙi. A cikin 2012, Khan ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar bugu na shekaru uku tare da Sony ATV, da kuma kwangilar rikodi don sakin kundi guda ɗaya a ƙarƙashin Virgin EMI Records . Khan ya kaddamar da kansa a matsayin mai shirya rikodi a karkashin moniker "Naughty Boy" kuma yana gudanar da nasa kamfani mai suna Naughty Boy Recordings. Ya samar da rikodi guda biyu don rappers Chipmunk da Wiley, duka suna nuna Emeli Sandé . Naughty Boy da Sandé daga baya sun kafa haɗin gwiwar rubuce-rubuce da samarwa, wanda ya kai ga Sandé ta sauko da yarjejeniyar rikodin ta da Budurwa da EMI. Sandé ya ci gaba da zama mai suna The Critics Choice for 2012 BRIT Awards, kuma ta sake sakin kundi na farko na ''Mu Version of Events'' (2012), rikodin haɗin gwiwa da aka yi tare da Naughty Boy. Khan ya shafe 2011 da 2012 yana aiki akan rikodin Leona Lewis, JLS, Cheryl, Jennifer Hudson, Alesha Dixon da Tinie Tempah, da sauransu. A cikin 2013, Naughty Boy ya fito da kundi na farko ''Hotel Cabana'' . Saitin ya ƙunshi fitaccen mai haɗin gwiwar Sandé, da kuma Ed Sheeran, Gabrielle da sauransu. An gabace shi da sakin manyan-goma guda ɗaya " Al'ajabi " (wanda ke nuna Sandé), lamba ɗaya ta buga " La La La ", yana nuna Sam Smith da " Lifted ", wani haɗin gwiwa tare da Sandé. Kundin sa na farko ya kai kololuwa a lamba biyu a Burtaniya. [[File:Shahid Khan 2015.jpg|thumb|'''Shahid Khan''']] A ranar 19 ga Oktoba 2013, an ba wa Naughty Boy's "La La La" kyautar 'Mafi kyawun Waƙa' da 'Mafi kyawun Bidiyo' a Kyautar MOBO ' 18th Anniversary. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Shahid Khan a ranar 1 ga Janairun 1981 a Watford, Hertfordshire. Iyayensa na asali daga [[Pakistan]], da kuma bayyana mahimmancin asalinsa na Pakistan, kasancewar kuma yana makarantar kusa da Rawalpindi tsawon shekaru biyu, ya ce ya girma yana sauraron kiɗan Pakistan da kallon fina-finai na Pakistan fiye da yadda al'adun Yammacin Turai suka rinjayi, yana sha'awar irin su Sultan Rahi da Mustafa Qureshi, a ƙarshe yana furta cewa "Ni kuma ina alfahari da Pakistan". Ilimi a Westfield Academy, Watford, da farko, Khan yana karatun Kasuwanci da Kasuwanci a Jami'ar Guildhall ta London (yanzu Jami'ar Metropolitan London), amma a lokacin karatunsa na farko, ya yanke shawarar barin makaranta kuma ya yi ayyuka daban-daban na lokaci-lokaci a Domino's Pizza da Watford General Hospital . Ya ci fam 44,000 akan ''Deal ko No Deal'' kuma ya kashe kudin ne a wani dakin motsa jiki a lambun iyayensa, tare da baiwa iyayensa fam 15,000 da kuma sayen motar motsa jiki ta Audi. Ya yanke shawarar bin burinsa na rubutawa da samar da nasa kiɗan, a ƙarƙashin sunan Naughty Boy Recordings. <ref name="Watford Observer 17 Aug 2012" /> A bayan fage, Khan yana rera waƙoƙi a cikin lambun iyayensa da ke Charlock Way a Watford, Hertfordshire. <ref name="Watford Observer 17 Aug 2012" /> Kudaden sun ba Khan damar haɓaka samarwa daga rumbun lambun zuwa ɗakin studio a Ealing, Yammacin London . A ƙarshe, ya sami kwangilar shekaru uku tare da Sony ATV, da kuma yarjejeniyar rikodin rikodi guda ɗaya tare da Virgin Records ( EMI Records ). <ref name="This is London 2009" /> <ref name="Watford Observer 17 Aug 2012" /> Khan ya nemi kungiyar The Princes Trust a shekara ta 2005, inda aka ba shi kyautar fan 5,000 don taimakawa fara kasuwancinsa. Da yake magana da ''Watford Observer'' a 2009 game da damar, Khan ya ce "Prince's Trust yana da wani tsari inda suke son taimakawa mutanen da suke ganin za su iya kafa nasu kasuwanci. Ina so in yi kiɗa amma ba ni da kayan aiki. Suka ce suna son su taimake ni.” A wannan shekarar, Khan ya fito a tashar wasan kwaikwayo na Channel 4 da aka buga a rana-lokaci gamehow ''Deal or No Deal'', inda ya ci fam 44,000, ya kara ba shi damar siyan kayan aiki kuma ya fara rikodin. Furodusan yanzu ya kafa faifan rikodinsa a ɗakin studio ɗinsa da ke Ealing, Yammacin London . <ref name="Watford Observer 17 Aug 2012" /> == Aikin kiɗa == === 2009-2012: Farko da samarwa === [[File:Emeli_Sandé_NRJ_Music_Awards_2013.jpg|right|thumb|198x198px| Emeli Sandé akai-akai yana yin rubutu tare da Yaro Naughty.]] Furodusan ya fashe zuwa wurin kiɗan a cikin 2009, ta hanyar rubutawa tare da samar da waƙar Chipmunk " Diamond Rings ", yana nuna Emeli Sandé . Khan zai sake yin aiki tare da Sandé, wannan lokacin akan Wiley <nowiki>'s " Kada Ka Kasance Matar Ka " (2010), murfin White Town 's '' Your Woman ''</nowiki> (1997). <ref name="This is London 2009" /> Daga baya Sandé ta sami yarjejeniyar rikodin rikodi tare da Virgin Records, tare da Khan tare da rubutawa da kuma samar da kundi na farko, ''Shafinmu na Abubuwan da suka faru'' . An gabatar da Naughty Boy bisa ƙa'ida kuma an ba shi matsayin mai zane a kan waƙar Sandé ta biyu " Daddy ", kodayake a zahiri baya yin waƙar. Khan ya kuma yi aiki tare da Alesha Dixon, JLS, Lily Allen, Alexandra Burke da Jennifer Hudson . Ya kuma samar da bayanan Farfesa Green, Cheryl Cole da Tinie Tempah . Khan yayi aiki tare da Sandé don samar da haɗin gwiwa tare da rubuta Leona Lewis '2012 dawowar "Matsalar" wanda ke nuna Childish Gambino . Khan kuma ya rubuta kuma ya samar da "Lokacin da Ya Yi Watsi" da "Dutse" don album na Lewis ''Glassheart'' ; Duk da haka, Sandé ta sake yin rikodin "Mountains" kuma ta sanya kundi nata ''na Mu Version of Events'' . Ya kuma yi aiki a kan rikodin don [[Rihanna]] ciki har da " Rabin Ni " (wanda aka haɗa tare da Stargate ), <ref name="Unapologetic Credits">[[Rihanna]] – ''[[Unapologetic (album)|Unapologetic]]''. [album credits]. SRP / [[Def Jam Recordings|Def Jam Records]].</ref> "Sakamakon Tasirin ku" don Fantasia Barrino <ref name="SEOU Credits">[[Fantasia Barrino]] – ''[[Side Effects of You]]''. [Album Booklet]. [[19 Recordings|19]] / [[RCA Records]]</ref> da kuma samar da "Craziest Things" tare da will.i.am don Cheryl Cole . === 2012–2014: ''Hotel Cabana'' === Har ila yau Khan ya shafe lokaci, a duk ci gaban aikinsa, yana aiki a kan nasa album na farko mai suna ''Hotel Cabana'', wanda aka tsara za a sake shi a ƙarƙashin moniker "Naughty Boy" ta Virgin EMI Records a 2013. Kundin farko na " Al'ajabi " yana fasalta mai yawan haɗin gwiwa Sandé akan waƙoƙin jagora. An sake shi a ranar 30 ga Satumba 2012 kuma shi ne jagora guda ɗaya daga sake fitar da kundi na farko na Sandé, ''Sigar Mu na Abubuwan da suka faru'', bayan an riga an bayyana a sigar Amurka ta kundin. Ya kai kololuwa a lamba goma akan Chart Singles na Burtaniya . Mawaƙin Burtaniya Gabrielle ya kuma yi aiki tare da Naughty Boy don ''Hotel Cabana'' akan wata waƙa mai suna "Hollywood", wacce aka fara zayyana ita ce ta biyu ta albam, tare da kundin da ke biye a cikin Fabrairu 2013. Gabrielle ya kuma bayyana cewa ɗan'uwan ɗan wasan Burtaniya-mawaƙiya Ed Sheeran da mawakiyar Burtaniya Tinie Tempah suma za su fito a ''Hotel Cabana'' . <ref name="Gabby" /> Dukansu Tempah da Sheeran sun yi aiki tare da Naughty Boy akan bayanan da suka gabata. Ita ce waƙar taken kundin, "Hotel Cabana" wanda ke nuna Tempah. An kaddamar da tirela na ''Hotel Cabana'' akan asusun Vevo na Naughty Boy a ranar 20 ga Satumba 2012. Ya ce ''Hotel Cabana'' "Naughty Boy ne ya jagoranci shi, tare da Emeli Sandé, Tinie Tempah, Farfesa Green, Gabrielle da George the Poet ". A cikin kundin, ra'ayin Khan game da shi shine "Yana da ra'ayi a kansa, don haka ya fi kama da fim ta wasu bangarori", yana mai cewa "Ni ba furodusa ba ne kawai - ni ma darakta ne". Duk da haka, bai faru ba har sai Mayu 2013, cewa an sake saki na biyu " La La La " wanda ke nuna Sam Smith . Ya kai lamba daya a Burtaniya, uku a Ireland <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130927112747/http://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p%2Fmusicvideo%2Fmusic%2Farchive%2Findex_test.jsp&ct=240001&arch=t&lyr=2013&year=2013&week=24 GFK Chart-Track] . Chart-track.co.uk.</ref> da uku a Scotland. An saki kundin a ranar 26 ga Agusta 2013. Ya kai kololuwa a lamba biyu a Burtaniya. Bayan ya kammala aiki a kan nasa kundin, a cikin 2013, Khan ya ci gaba da samarwa ga sauran masu fasaha. Ya yi aiki a kan rikodin pop don mawaƙin Ba'amurke Britney Spears, da kuma shiga cikin zaman Spears tare da furodusa William Orbit . Mawakiyar Burtaniya Lily Allen ita ma ta nemi Khan da ta samar da bayanai na kundi nata mai zuwa. Bugu da ƙari, ya haɗu tare da Sandé da Katy Perry a New York don yin aiki akan waƙa don kundi na Perry sannan mai zuwa, ''Prism'' (2013). === 2015-yanzu: ''Factor X'' da kundi na biyu === A cikin Maris 2015, an tabbatar da cewa Naughty Boy ya yi aiki tare da memba na One Direction Zayn Malik don ɗayan waƙoƙin kundin sa na biyu. Malik ya fice daga kungiyar jim kadan bayan wannan sanarwar, wanda ya kai ga yawancin magoya bayan One Direction suna zargin Naughty Boy akan tafiyar Malik. A ranar 16 ga Satumba 2015, Naughty Boy ya ba da sanarwar cewa zai fitar da waƙa mai taken " Runnin' (Lose It All) " mai nuna [[Beyoncé]] da Arrow Benjamin. A daidai wannan kwanan wata, ya raba zane-zane don guda ɗaya, waƙoƙin sa, snippet mai sauti na biyu na 15 tare da bidiyo ta asusun [[Instagram]] kuma ya fara ƙidayar har sai an sake shi ta kan layi. Washegari, a ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2015, "Runnin' (Lose It All)" ya fara kan layi. An samo shi don saukewa na dijital akan Shagon iTunes akan 18 Satumba 2015. " Ya Kamata Na Kasance Ni ", wanda ke nuna muryoyin Kyla da Popcaan an sake shi a matsayin na biyu a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2016. Waƙar ta kai kololuwa a lamba 61 akan Chart Singles na Burtaniya . "Daya Dama zuwa Rawa", wanda ke nuna muryoyin daga Joe Jonas an sake shi a matsayin na uku a ranar 20 ga Oktoba 2017. == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5rwo9nm7hls3icgj2tkfgbwzw65ekxi 0 54060 549535 473127 2024-12-01T16:54:26Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Oleksandr Zinchenko 2023 (cropped).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Oleksandr Zinchenko 2021.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Oleksandr Zinchenko 2015.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Zinchenko oleksandr december05.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Oleksandr Zinchenko 2015.jpg|thumb|Zinchenko]] '''Zinchenko''' ({{lang-uk|Зінченко}}, {{lang-ru|Зинченко}}) sunan yanka ne na ƙasar Ukraniya. Shahararrun mutane masu sunan sun haɗa da: * [[Anatoli Zinchenko]] (haihuwa 1949), Mai tsaron Raga na Tarayyar Soviet da Rasha, kuma mai huraswa * [[David Zinczenko]] (born 1969), Editan mujallar Amurka * [[Fedor Zinchenko]] (1902–1991), Soviet-Ukrainian military officer * [[Natalia Zinchenko]] (born 1979), Dan kwallon Ukraniya * [[Pyotr Zinchenko]] (1903–1969), Soviet-Ukrainian psychologist * [[Oleksandr Zinchenko (politician)|Oleksandr Zinchenko]] (1957–2010), Dan siyasar Ukraniya * [[Oleksandr Zinchenko (footballer)|Oleksandr Zinchenko]] (born 1996), Ukrainian footballer * [[Vladimir Zinchenko]] (born 1959), Ukrainian discus thrower 8ljdo5pso2dai419riy7aw68kuquri7 0 54114 550010 547052 2024-12-02T05:47:09Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1200817722|Ahmed Musa Dangiwa]]" 550010 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba Ahmed Musa Dangiwa''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1963) masanin gine-gine ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Gidaje da Ci gaban Birane tun 2023. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta na Bankin Gida na Tarayya na Najeriya daga 2015 zuwa 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=minister of Housing Urban development assumes office promises change |url=https://von.gov.ng/minister-of-housing-urban-development-assumes-office-promises-change/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Voice of Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-25 |title=I will lead crusade to get the necessary support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://Dailytrust.com/i-will-lead-crusade-to-get-neccessary-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=Dailytrust |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=I'll lead crusade to get support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ill-lead-crusade-to-get-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Blueprint Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dangiwa yana da cancanta daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], Zaria, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin gine-gine, MSc a fannin Gine-gine (Arc), da MBA. Ya kuma yi karatu a Makarantar Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania . <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A shekara ta 1988, Dangiwa tana da alaƙa da Katsina State Polytechnic a matsayin mai ba da shawara. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Shi memba ne na ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru da yawa, gami da Cibiyar Gine-gine ta Najeriya (NIA) da Cibiyar Nazarin Gine-gine na Amurka (AAIA). <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Daga 2017 zuwa 2022, Dangiwa ya kasance shugaban Bankin Biyan Kuɗi na Tarayya na Najeriya (FMBN), inda ya kula da gyare-gyare. A baya ya jagoranci AM Design Consults da Jarlo International kuma yana da matsayi a TRIAD Associates da Sahel Mortgage Finance Bank. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A cikin 2022, Dangiwa ya nemi tikitin Gwamna na All-Progressives Congress (APC) a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]]. Daga baya ya shiga cikin Tinubu / Dicko Campaign Council don zaben 2023. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Bayan zaben, an nada shi Sakatare na Gwamnatin [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] sannan ya sami gabatarwa a matsayin minista.<ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> == Ayyuka == Dangiwa ya fara aikinsa a TRIAD Associates sannan kuma manajan abokin tarayya na AM Design Consults; wanda shine kamfanin ba da shawara kan gine-gine da ci gaban ƙasa, Jarlo International Nig LTD. Kamfanin gine-gine da Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited. Ya yi fice a matsayin mai ba da kuɗin jinginar gida. Ta tashi ta hanyar matsayi a cikin Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited daga manajan dukiya zuwa Shugaban Kula da Kudin zuwa zama manajan, Sashen Bankin jinginar gida.Shi memba ne na kwararru masu sana'a kamar babban memba na hadari manajan hadari na Najeriya (RIMAN), ɗan'uwan Cibiyar Gudanar da Kudin (FICA) da Cibiyar Gudun Abokan ciniki da Gudanar da Kasuwanci (ICSTM) Wani ɗan girmamawa na cibiyar bashi da haɗari ta Najeriya (CILRM) da kuma babban memba na girmamawa na Cibiyar Bankuna ta Najeriya (cIBN). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-05-25 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa managing director/CEO,federal mortgage Bank of Nigeria |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/20348985/ |access-date=2016-05-25 |website=Bloomberg |language=en}}</ref> == Nasarar da aka samu a Bankin Gida na Tarayya == * Tattara N279 biliyan a cikin ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin Asusun Gidaje na Kasa (NHF). Lokacin da Arch Dangiwa ya ɗauki gudanarwar bankin, biliyan 232 ne kawai suka tara zuwa shirin NHF a cikin shekaru 25 a kusan biliyan 9.28 a kowace shekara Arch Dangiwa wa tawagarsa ta tattara biliyan 279 a ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin NHF da matsakaicin biliyan N55.8 a kowace shekara. * Rubuce-rubucen biyan kuɗi na rancen gidaje biliyan 175 da kuma kuɗin gini. (1) samar da rancen jinginar gida na NHF ga masu cin gajiyar 5,938. (2) samar da rancen gyaran gida ga 77,575 (3) samar da gidaje masu araha a duk fadin kasar. * Karin tarihi a cikin sarrafa N39.5 biliyan a cikin maidowa ga masu ba da gudummawa 247,521 na NHF da suka yi ritaya. * Farawa da farawa na aikin biranen FMBN biliyan 40. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-27 |title=property ministry targets over 1000 units in new Housing scheme |url=https://guardian.ng/property/ministry-targets-over-1000-units-in-new-housing-scheme/ |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Guardian |language=en}}</ref> * Tarihin Tarihi don inganta farashi na FMBN Gidajen gidaje ga talakawa Najeriya. Wannan ya hada da wadannan. (1) Binciken da ake buƙata don biyan kuɗi na FMBN Gidaje. (2) Ci gaban sabbin kayayyakin gidaje don fadada farashi. (3) Arch Dangiwa ya jagoranci kokarin bunkasa rance na Diaspora. Don taimakawa 'yan Najeriya da ke zaune a kasashen waje mallakar gidajensu ba tare da dangi ko abokai a Najeriya su yaudare su ba.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-05 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa a good omen for katsinawa |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ahmed-musa-a-good-omen-for-katsinawa/ |access-date=2022-01-05 |website=blueprint Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> * Ci gaban shirin dabarun shekaru biyar don FMBN.<ref name="auto1" /> * Gyara Backlog na asusun kudi na FMBN. * Taswirar Canjin Dijital don FMBN. == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar shirya taron [[Kankia]] Transformation na [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihar]] [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]]. * Kyautar Kyaututtuka; Real Estate da kansa na shekara ta 2018. * Takardar shaidar hidima a matsayin memba na lambar yabo ta majalisa. * Jami'in sabis na jama'a na shekara 2018. * Kyautar yabo ta Icon ta shekara ta 2018. * Cibiyar Kula da Ci gaban Gidaje da Gidajen TV Afirka. * Gwarzon Karfafawa da Kasuwanci a Kyautar Najeriya. * Kyautar Ci gaban Gidaje da Gudanar da Muhalli. * Kyautar Bankin Kasuwanci na Shekara. * Kyautar Shugaban kasa don aikin sana'a 2021. * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar mafi kyawun ma'aikata don tallafawa mallakar gida a Najeriya. * Kyautar dukiyar Najeriya ta 2018. Kyautar NECA'S 2020 mai ba da aiki. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Abubuwan sha'awa na Dangiwa sun haɗa da tafiya, haɗin kai da daukar hoto. Ya yi aure kuma yana da yara.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=January 2024}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] dfnfuhkdj9tqiihx0tpomx57nzwbxan 550011 550010 2024-12-02T05:47:37Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Rayuwa ta mutum */ 550011 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba Ahmed Musa Dangiwa''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1963) masanin gine-gine ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Gidaje da Ci gaban Birane tun 2023. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta na Bankin Gida na Tarayya na Najeriya daga 2015 zuwa 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=minister of Housing Urban development assumes office promises change |url=https://von.gov.ng/minister-of-housing-urban-development-assumes-office-promises-change/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Voice of Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-25 |title=I will lead crusade to get the necessary support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://Dailytrust.com/i-will-lead-crusade-to-get-neccessary-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=Dailytrust |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=I'll lead crusade to get support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ill-lead-crusade-to-get-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Blueprint Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dangiwa yana da cancanta daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], Zaria, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin gine-gine, MSc a fannin Gine-gine (Arc), da MBA. Ya kuma yi karatu a Makarantar Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania . <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A shekara ta 1988, Dangiwa tana da alaƙa da Katsina State Polytechnic a matsayin mai ba da shawara. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Shi memba ne na ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru da yawa, gami da Cibiyar Gine-gine ta Najeriya (NIA) da Cibiyar Nazarin Gine-gine na Amurka (AAIA). <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Daga 2017 zuwa 2022, Dangiwa ya kasance shugaban Bankin Biyan Kuɗi na Tarayya na Najeriya (FMBN), inda ya kula da gyare-gyare. A baya ya jagoranci AM Design Consults da Jarlo International kuma yana da matsayi a TRIAD Associates da Sahel Mortgage Finance Bank. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A cikin 2022, Dangiwa ya nemi tikitin Gwamna na All-Progressives Congress (APC) a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]]. Daga baya ya shiga cikin Tinubu / Dicko Campaign Council don zaben 2023. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Bayan zaben, an nada shi Sakatare na Gwamnatin [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] sannan ya sami gabatarwa a matsayin minista.<ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> == Ayyuka == Dangiwa ya fara aikinsa a TRIAD Associates sannan kuma manajan abokin tarayya na AM Design Consults; wanda shine kamfanin ba da shawara kan gine-gine da ci gaban ƙasa, Jarlo International Nig LTD. Kamfanin gine-gine da Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited. Ya yi fice a matsayin mai ba da kuɗin jinginar gida. Ta tashi ta hanyar matsayi a cikin Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited daga manajan dukiya zuwa Shugaban Kula da Kudin zuwa zama manajan, Sashen Bankin jinginar gida.Shi memba ne na kwararru masu sana'a kamar babban memba na hadari manajan hadari na Najeriya (RIMAN), ɗan'uwan Cibiyar Gudanar da Kudin (FICA) da Cibiyar Gudun Abokan ciniki da Gudanar da Kasuwanci (ICSTM) Wani ɗan girmamawa na cibiyar bashi da haɗari ta Najeriya (CILRM) da kuma babban memba na girmamawa na Cibiyar Bankuna ta Najeriya (cIBN). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-05-25 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa managing director/CEO,federal mortgage Bank of Nigeria |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/20348985/ |access-date=2016-05-25 |website=Bloomberg |language=en}}</ref> == Nasarar da aka samu a Bankin Gida na Tarayya == * Tattara N279 biliyan a cikin ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin Asusun Gidaje na Kasa (NHF). Lokacin da Arch Dangiwa ya ɗauki gudanarwar bankin, biliyan 232 ne kawai suka tara zuwa shirin NHF a cikin shekaru 25 a kusan biliyan 9.28 a kowace shekara Arch Dangiwa wa tawagarsa ta tattara biliyan 279 a ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin NHF da matsakaicin biliyan N55.8 a kowace shekara. * Rubuce-rubucen biyan kuɗi na rancen gidaje biliyan 175 da kuma kuɗin gini. (1) samar da rancen jinginar gida na NHF ga masu cin gajiyar 5,938. (2) samar da rancen gyaran gida ga 77,575 (3) samar da gidaje masu araha a duk fadin kasar. * Karin tarihi a cikin sarrafa N39.5 biliyan a cikin maidowa ga masu ba da gudummawa 247,521 na NHF da suka yi ritaya. * Farawa da farawa na aikin biranen FMBN biliyan 40. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-27 |title=property ministry targets over 1000 units in new Housing scheme |url=https://guardian.ng/property/ministry-targets-over-1000-units-in-new-housing-scheme/ |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Guardian |language=en}}</ref> * Tarihin Tarihi don inganta farashi na FMBN Gidajen gidaje ga talakawa Najeriya. Wannan ya hada da wadannan. (1) Binciken da ake buƙata don biyan kuɗi na FMBN Gidaje. (2) Ci gaban sabbin kayayyakin gidaje don fadada farashi. (3) Arch Dangiwa ya jagoranci kokarin bunkasa rance na Diaspora. Don taimakawa 'yan Najeriya da ke zaune a kasashen waje mallakar gidajensu ba tare da dangi ko abokai a Najeriya su yaudare su ba.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-05 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa a good omen for katsinawa |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ahmed-musa-a-good-omen-for-katsinawa/ |access-date=2022-01-05 |website=blueprint Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> * Ci gaban shirin dabarun shekaru biyar don FMBN.<ref name="auto1" /> * Gyara Backlog na asusun kudi na FMBN. * Taswirar Canjin Dijital don FMBN. == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar shirya taron [[Kankia]] Transformation na [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihar]] [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]]. * Kyautar Kyaututtuka; Real Estate da kansa na shekara ta 2018. * Takardar shaidar hidima a matsayin memba na lambar yabo ta majalisa. * Jami'in sabis na jama'a na shekara 2018. * Kyautar yabo ta Icon ta shekara ta 2018. * Cibiyar Kula da Ci gaban Gidaje da Gidajen TV Afirka. * Gwarzon Karfafawa da Kasuwanci a Kyautar Najeriya. * Kyautar Ci gaban Gidaje da Gudanar da Muhalli. * Kyautar Bankin Kasuwanci na Shekara. * Kyautar Shugaban kasa don aikin sana'a 2021. * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar mafi kyawun ma'aikata don tallafawa mallakar gida a Najeriya. * Kyautar dukiyar Najeriya ta 2018. Kyautar NECA'S 2020 mai ba da aiki. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Abubuwan sha'awa na Dangiwa sun haɗa da tafiya, haɗin kai da daukar hoto. Ya yi aure kuma yana da yara. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 53zjkaj9zv1agn2xevwloytphhxohlt 550012 550011 2024-12-02T05:48:14Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550012 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} ''' Ahmed Musa Dangiwa''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1963) masanin gine-gine ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Gidaje da Ci gaban Birane tun 2023. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta na Bankin Gida na Tarayya na Najeriya daga 2015 zuwa 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=minister of Housing Urban development assumes office promises change |url=https://von.gov.ng/minister-of-housing-urban-development-assumes-office-promises-change/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Voice of Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-25 |title=I will lead crusade to get the necessary support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://Dailytrust.com/i-will-lead-crusade-to-get-neccessary-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=Dailytrust |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=I'll lead crusade to get support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ill-lead-crusade-to-get-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Blueprint Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dangiwa yana da cancanta daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], Zaria, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin gine-gine, MSc a fannin Gine-gine (Arc), da MBA. Ya kuma yi karatu a Makarantar Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania . <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A shekara ta 1988, Dangiwa tana da alaƙa da Katsina State Polytechnic a matsayin mai ba da shawara. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Shi memba ne na ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru da yawa, gami da Cibiyar Gine-gine ta Najeriya (NIA) da Cibiyar Nazarin Gine-gine na Amurka (AAIA). <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Daga 2017 zuwa 2022, Dangiwa ya kasance shugaban Bankin Biyan Kuɗi na Tarayya na Najeriya (FMBN), inda ya kula da gyare-gyare. A baya ya jagoranci AM Design Consults da Jarlo International kuma yana da matsayi a TRIAD Associates da Sahel Mortgage Finance Bank. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A cikin 2022, Dangiwa ya nemi tikitin Gwamna na All-Progressives Congress (APC) a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]]. Daga baya ya shiga cikin Tinubu / Dicko Campaign Council don zaben 2023. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Bayan zaben, an nada shi Sakatare na Gwamnatin [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] sannan ya sami gabatarwa a matsayin minista.<ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> == Ayyuka == Dangiwa ya fara aikinsa a TRIAD Associates sannan kuma manajan abokin tarayya na AM Design Consults; wanda shine kamfanin ba da shawara kan gine-gine da ci gaban ƙasa, Jarlo International Nig LTD. Kamfanin gine-gine da Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited. Ya yi fice a matsayin mai ba da kuɗin jinginar gida. Ta tashi ta hanyar matsayi a cikin Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited daga manajan dukiya zuwa Shugaban Kula da Kudin zuwa zama manajan, Sashen Bankin jinginar gida.Shi memba ne na kwararru masu sana'a kamar babban memba na hadari manajan hadari na Najeriya (RIMAN), ɗan'uwan Cibiyar Gudanar da Kudin (FICA) da Cibiyar Gudun Abokan ciniki da Gudanar da Kasuwanci (ICSTM) Wani ɗan girmamawa na cibiyar bashi da haɗari ta Najeriya (CILRM) da kuma babban memba na girmamawa na Cibiyar Bankuna ta Najeriya (cIBN). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-05-25 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa managing director/CEO,federal mortgage Bank of Nigeria |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/20348985/ |access-date=2016-05-25 |website=Bloomberg |language=en}}</ref> == Nasarar da aka samu a Bankin Gida na Tarayya == * Tattara N279 biliyan a cikin ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin Asusun Gidaje na Kasa (NHF). Lokacin da Arch Dangiwa ya ɗauki gudanarwar bankin, biliyan 232 ne kawai suka tara zuwa shirin NHF a cikin shekaru 25 a kusan biliyan 9.28 a kowace shekara Arch Dangiwa wa tawagarsa ta tattara biliyan 279 a ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin NHF da matsakaicin biliyan N55.8 a kowace shekara. * Rubuce-rubucen biyan kuɗi na rancen gidaje biliyan 175 da kuma kuɗin gini. (1) samar da rancen jinginar gida na NHF ga masu cin gajiyar 5,938. (2) samar da rancen gyaran gida ga 77,575 (3) samar da gidaje masu araha a duk fadin kasar. * Karin tarihi a cikin sarrafa N39.5 biliyan a cikin maidowa ga masu ba da gudummawa 247,521 na NHF da suka yi ritaya. * Farawa da farawa na aikin biranen FMBN biliyan 40. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-27 |title=property ministry targets over 1000 units in new Housing scheme |url=https://guardian.ng/property/ministry-targets-over-1000-units-in-new-housing-scheme/ |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Guardian |language=en}}</ref> * Tarihin Tarihi don inganta farashi na FMBN Gidajen gidaje ga talakawa Najeriya. Wannan ya hada da wadannan. (1) Binciken da ake buƙata don biyan kuɗi na FMBN Gidaje. (2) Ci gaban sabbin kayayyakin gidaje don fadada farashi. (3) Arch Dangiwa ya jagoranci kokarin bunkasa rance na Diaspora. Don taimakawa 'yan Najeriya da ke zaune a kasashen waje mallakar gidajensu ba tare da dangi ko abokai a Najeriya su yaudare su ba.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-05 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa a good omen for katsinawa |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ahmed-musa-a-good-omen-for-katsinawa/ |access-date=2022-01-05 |website=blueprint Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> * Ci gaban shirin dabarun shekaru biyar don FMBN.<ref name="auto1" /> * Gyara Backlog na asusun kudi na FMBN. * Taswirar Canjin Dijital don FMBN. == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar shirya taron [[Kankia]] Transformation na [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihar]] [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]]. * Kyautar Kyaututtuka; Real Estate da kansa na shekara ta 2018. * Takardar shaidar hidima a matsayin memba na lambar yabo ta majalisa. * Jami'in sabis na jama'a na shekara 2018. * Kyautar yabo ta Icon ta shekara ta 2018. * Cibiyar Kula da Ci gaban Gidaje da Gidajen TV Afirka. * Gwarzon Karfafawa da Kasuwanci a Kyautar Najeriya. * Kyautar Ci gaban Gidaje da Gudanar da Muhalli. * Kyautar Bankin Kasuwanci na Shekara. * Kyautar Shugaban kasa don aikin sana'a 2021. * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar mafi kyawun ma'aikata don tallafawa mallakar gida a Najeriya. * Kyautar dukiyar Najeriya ta 2018. Kyautar NECA'S 2020 mai ba da aiki. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Abubuwan sha'awa na Dangiwa sun haɗa da tafiya, haɗin kai da daukar hoto. Ya yi aure kuma yana da yara. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] o6droex1ppcfdnfg41tgde1jih4nirj 550013 550012 2024-12-02T05:49:25Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Tarihi */ 550013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} ''' Ahmed Musa Dangiwa''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1963) masanin gine-gine ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Gidaje da Ci gaban Birane tun 2023. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta na Bankin Gida na Tarayya na Najeriya daga 2015 zuwa 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=minister of Housing Urban development assumes office promises change |url=https://von.gov.ng/minister-of-housing-urban-development-assumes-office-promises-change/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Voice of Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-25 |title=I will lead crusade to get the necessary support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://Dailytrust.com/i-will-lead-crusade-to-get-neccessary-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=Dailytrust |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=I'll lead crusade to get support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ill-lead-crusade-to-get-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Blueprint Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dangiwa yana da cancanta daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], Zaria, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin gine-gine, MSc a fannin Gine-gine (Arc), da MBA. Ya kuma yi karatu a Makarantar Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania . <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A shekara ta 1988, Dangiwa tana da alaƙa da Katsina State Polytechnic a matsayin mai ba da shawara. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Shi memba ne na ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru da yawa, gami da Cibiyar Gine-gine ta Najeriya (NIA) da Cibiyar Nazarin Gine-gine na Amurka (AAIA). <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /><ref name="thisdaylive.com"/> He is a member of multiple professional bodies, including the [[Nigerian Institute of Architects]] (NIA) and the [[American Institute of Architects]] (AAIA).<ref name="thisdaylive.com"/><ref>https://businessday.ng/features/article/meet-ahmed-musa-dangiwa-the-man-with-answers-to-your-housing-needs/</ref> Daga 2017 zuwa 2022, Dangiwa ya kasance shugaban Bankin Biyan Kuɗi na Tarayya na Najeriya (FMBN), inda ya kula da gyare-gyare. A baya ya jagoranci AM Design Consults da Jarlo International kuma yana da matsayi a TRIAD Associates da Sahel Mortgage Finance Bank. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A cikin 2022, Dangiwa ya nemi tikitin Gwamna na All-Progressives Congress (APC) a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]]. Daga baya ya shiga cikin Tinubu / Dicko Campaign Council don zaben 2023. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Bayan zaben, an nada shi Sakatare na Gwamnatin [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] sannan ya sami gabatarwa a matsayin minista.<ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> == Ayyuka == Dangiwa ya fara aikinsa a TRIAD Associates sannan kuma manajan abokin tarayya na AM Design Consults; wanda shine kamfanin ba da shawara kan gine-gine da ci gaban ƙasa, Jarlo International Nig LTD. Kamfanin gine-gine da Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited. Ya yi fice a matsayin mai ba da kuɗin jinginar gida. Ta tashi ta hanyar matsayi a cikin Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited daga manajan dukiya zuwa Shugaban Kula da Kudin zuwa zama manajan, Sashen Bankin jinginar gida.Shi memba ne na kwararru masu sana'a kamar babban memba na hadari manajan hadari na Najeriya (RIMAN), ɗan'uwan Cibiyar Gudanar da Kudin (FICA) da Cibiyar Gudun Abokan ciniki da Gudanar da Kasuwanci (ICSTM) Wani ɗan girmamawa na cibiyar bashi da haɗari ta Najeriya (CILRM) da kuma babban memba na girmamawa na Cibiyar Bankuna ta Najeriya (cIBN). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-05-25 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa managing director/CEO,federal mortgage Bank of Nigeria |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/20348985/ |access-date=2016-05-25 |website=Bloomberg |language=en}}</ref> == Nasarar da aka samu a Bankin Gida na Tarayya == * Tattara N279 biliyan a cikin ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin Asusun Gidaje na Kasa (NHF). Lokacin da Arch Dangiwa ya ɗauki gudanarwar bankin, biliyan 232 ne kawai suka tara zuwa shirin NHF a cikin shekaru 25 a kusan biliyan 9.28 a kowace shekara Arch Dangiwa wa tawagarsa ta tattara biliyan 279 a ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin NHF da matsakaicin biliyan N55.8 a kowace shekara. * Rubuce-rubucen biyan kuɗi na rancen gidaje biliyan 175 da kuma kuɗin gini. (1) samar da rancen jinginar gida na NHF ga masu cin gajiyar 5,938. (2) samar da rancen gyaran gida ga 77,575 (3) samar da gidaje masu araha a duk fadin kasar. * Karin tarihi a cikin sarrafa N39.5 biliyan a cikin maidowa ga masu ba da gudummawa 247,521 na NHF da suka yi ritaya. * Farawa da farawa na aikin biranen FMBN biliyan 40. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-27 |title=property ministry targets over 1000 units in new Housing scheme |url=https://guardian.ng/property/ministry-targets-over-1000-units-in-new-housing-scheme/ |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Guardian |language=en}}</ref> * Tarihin Tarihi don inganta farashi na FMBN Gidajen gidaje ga talakawa Najeriya. Wannan ya hada da wadannan. (1) Binciken da ake buƙata don biyan kuɗi na FMBN Gidaje. (2) Ci gaban sabbin kayayyakin gidaje don fadada farashi. (3) Arch Dangiwa ya jagoranci kokarin bunkasa rance na Diaspora. Don taimakawa 'yan Najeriya da ke zaune a kasashen waje mallakar gidajensu ba tare da dangi ko abokai a Najeriya su yaudare su ba.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-05 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa a good omen for katsinawa |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ahmed-musa-a-good-omen-for-katsinawa/ |access-date=2022-01-05 |website=blueprint Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> * Ci gaban shirin dabarun shekaru biyar don FMBN.<ref name="auto1" /> * Gyara Backlog na asusun kudi na FMBN. * Taswirar Canjin Dijital don FMBN. == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar shirya taron [[Kankia]] Transformation na [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihar]] [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]]. * Kyautar Kyaututtuka; Real Estate da kansa na shekara ta 2018. * Takardar shaidar hidima a matsayin memba na lambar yabo ta majalisa. * Jami'in sabis na jama'a na shekara 2018. * Kyautar yabo ta Icon ta shekara ta 2018. * Cibiyar Kula da Ci gaban Gidaje da Gidajen TV Afirka. * Gwarzon Karfafawa da Kasuwanci a Kyautar Najeriya. * Kyautar Ci gaban Gidaje da Gudanar da Muhalli. * Kyautar Bankin Kasuwanci na Shekara. * Kyautar Shugaban kasa don aikin sana'a 2021. * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar mafi kyawun ma'aikata don tallafawa mallakar gida a Najeriya. * Kyautar dukiyar Najeriya ta 2018. Kyautar NECA'S 2020 mai ba da aiki. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Abubuwan sha'awa na Dangiwa sun haɗa da tafiya, haɗin kai da daukar hoto. Ya yi aure kuma yana da yara. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 0zo81hycfcrkvd6w36j14d2qgbp8uy0 550014 550013 2024-12-02T05:52:51Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Tarihi */ 550014 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} ''' Ahmed Musa Dangiwa''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1963) masanin gine-gine ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Gidaje da Ci gaban Birane tun 2023. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta na Bankin Gida na Tarayya na Najeriya daga 2015 zuwa 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=minister of Housing Urban development assumes office promises change |url=https://von.gov.ng/minister-of-housing-urban-development-assumes-office-promises-change/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Voice of Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-25 |title=I will lead crusade to get the necessary support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://Dailytrust.com/i-will-lead-crusade-to-get-neccessary-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=Dailytrust |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=I'll lead crusade to get support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ill-lead-crusade-to-get-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Blueprint Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dangiwa yana da cancanta daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], Zaria, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin gine-gine, MSc a fannin Gine-gine (Arc), da MBA.<ref name="thisdaylive.com">https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2023/08/07/dangiwa-profile-of-a-technocrat-consummate-politician</ref> Ya kuma yi karatu a Makarantar Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania . <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A shekara ta 1988, Dangiwa tana da alaƙa da Katsina State Polytechnic a matsayin mai ba da shawara. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Shi memba ne na ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru da yawa, gami da Cibiyar Gine-gine ta Najeriya (NIA) da Cibiyar Nazarin Gine-gine na Amurka (AAIA). <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /><ref name="thisdaylive.com"/> He is a member of multiple professional bodies, including the [[Nigerian Institute of Architects]] (NIA) and the [[American Institute of Architects]] (AAIA).<ref name="thisdaylive.com"/><ref>https://businessday.ng/features/article/meet-ahmed-musa-dangiwa-the-man-with-answers-to-your-housing-needs/</ref> Daga 2017 zuwa 2022, Dangiwa ya kasance shugaban Bankin Biyan Kuɗi na Tarayya na Najeriya (FMBN), inda ya kula da gyare-gyare. A baya ya jagoranci AM Design Consults da Jarlo International kuma yana da matsayi a TRIAD Associates da Sahel Mortgage Finance Bank. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A cikin 2022, Dangiwa ya nemi tikitin Gwamna na All-Progressives Congress (APC) a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]]. Daga baya ya shiga cikin Tinubu / Dicko Campaign Council don zaben 2023. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Bayan zaben, an nada shi Sakatare na Gwamnatin [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] sannan ya sami gabatarwa a matsayin minista.<ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> == Ayyuka == Dangiwa ya fara aikinsa a TRIAD Associates sannan kuma manajan abokin tarayya na AM Design Consults; wanda shine kamfanin ba da shawara kan gine-gine da ci gaban ƙasa, Jarlo International Nig LTD. Kamfanin gine-gine da Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited. Ya yi fice a matsayin mai ba da kuɗin jinginar gida. Ta tashi ta hanyar matsayi a cikin Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited daga manajan dukiya zuwa Shugaban Kula da Kudin zuwa zama manajan, Sashen Bankin jinginar gida.Shi memba ne na kwararru masu sana'a kamar babban memba na hadari manajan hadari na Najeriya (RIMAN), ɗan'uwan Cibiyar Gudanar da Kudin (FICA) da Cibiyar Gudun Abokan ciniki da Gudanar da Kasuwanci (ICSTM) Wani ɗan girmamawa na cibiyar bashi da haɗari ta Najeriya (CILRM) da kuma babban memba na girmamawa na Cibiyar Bankuna ta Najeriya (cIBN). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-05-25 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa managing director/CEO,federal mortgage Bank of Nigeria |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/20348985/ |access-date=2016-05-25 |website=Bloomberg |language=en}}</ref> == Nasarar da aka samu a Bankin Gida na Tarayya == * Tattara N279 biliyan a cikin ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin Asusun Gidaje na Kasa (NHF). Lokacin da Arch Dangiwa ya ɗauki gudanarwar bankin, biliyan 232 ne kawai suka tara zuwa shirin NHF a cikin shekaru 25 a kusan biliyan 9.28 a kowace shekara Arch Dangiwa wa tawagarsa ta tattara biliyan 279 a ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin NHF da matsakaicin biliyan N55.8 a kowace shekara. * Rubuce-rubucen biyan kuɗi na rancen gidaje biliyan 175 da kuma kuɗin gini. (1) samar da rancen jinginar gida na NHF ga masu cin gajiyar 5,938. (2) samar da rancen gyaran gida ga 77,575 (3) samar da gidaje masu araha a duk fadin kasar. * Karin tarihi a cikin sarrafa N39.5 biliyan a cikin maidowa ga masu ba da gudummawa 247,521 na NHF da suka yi ritaya. * Farawa da farawa na aikin biranen FMBN biliyan 40. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-27 |title=property ministry targets over 1000 units in new Housing scheme |url=https://guardian.ng/property/ministry-targets-over-1000-units-in-new-housing-scheme/ |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Guardian |language=en}}</ref> * Tarihin Tarihi don inganta farashi na FMBN Gidajen gidaje ga talakawa Najeriya. Wannan ya hada da wadannan. (1) Binciken da ake buƙata don biyan kuɗi na FMBN Gidaje. (2) Ci gaban sabbin kayayyakin gidaje don fadada farashi. (3) Arch Dangiwa ya jagoranci kokarin bunkasa rance na Diaspora. Don taimakawa 'yan Najeriya da ke zaune a kasashen waje mallakar gidajensu ba tare da dangi ko abokai a Najeriya su yaudare su ba.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-05 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa a good omen for katsinawa |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ahmed-musa-a-good-omen-for-katsinawa/ |access-date=2022-01-05 |website=blueprint Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> * Ci gaban shirin dabarun shekaru biyar don FMBN.<ref name="auto1" /> * Gyara Backlog na asusun kudi na FMBN. * Taswirar Canjin Dijital don FMBN. == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar shirya taron [[Kankia]] Transformation na [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihar]] [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]]. * Kyautar Kyaututtuka; Real Estate da kansa na shekara ta 2018. * Takardar shaidar hidima a matsayin memba na lambar yabo ta majalisa. * Jami'in sabis na jama'a na shekara 2018. * Kyautar yabo ta Icon ta shekara ta 2018. * Cibiyar Kula da Ci gaban Gidaje da Gidajen TV Afirka. * Gwarzon Karfafawa da Kasuwanci a Kyautar Najeriya. * Kyautar Ci gaban Gidaje da Gudanar da Muhalli. * Kyautar Bankin Kasuwanci na Shekara. * Kyautar Shugaban kasa don aikin sana'a 2021. * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar mafi kyawun ma'aikata don tallafawa mallakar gida a Najeriya. * Kyautar dukiyar Najeriya ta 2018. Kyautar NECA'S 2020 mai ba da aiki. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Abubuwan sha'awa na Dangiwa sun haɗa da tafiya, haɗin kai da daukar hoto. Ya yi aure kuma yana da yara. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ls8ovqvs270r24srd2cjxguq0klqbxf 550016 550014 2024-12-02T05:53:33Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Tarihi */ 550016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} ''' Ahmed Musa Dangiwa''' (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1963) masanin gine-gine ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Gidaje da Ci gaban Birane tun 2023. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta na Bankin Gida na Tarayya na Najeriya daga 2015 zuwa 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=minister of Housing Urban development assumes office promises change |url=https://von.gov.ng/minister-of-housing-urban-development-assumes-office-promises-change/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Voice of Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-25 |title=I will lead crusade to get the necessary support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://Dailytrust.com/i-will-lead-crusade-to-get-neccessary-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=Dailytrust |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-26 |title=I'll lead crusade to get support from shelter Afrique minister tells redan |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ill-lead-crusade-to-get-support-from-shelter-afrique-minister-tells-redan/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Blueprint Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == Dangiwa yana da cancanta daga [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello]], Zaria, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin gine-gine, MSc a fannin Gine-gine (Arc), da MBA.<ref name="thisdaylive.com">https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2023/08/07/dangiwa-profile-of-a-technocrat-consummate-politician</ref> Ya kuma yi karatu a Makarantar Wharton ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania . <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A shekara ta 1988, Dangiwa tana da alaƙa da Katsina State Polytechnic a matsayin mai ba da shawara. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Shi memba ne na ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru da yawa, gami da Cibiyar Gine-gine ta Najeriya (NIA) da Cibiyar Nazarin Gine-gine na Amurka (AAIA).<ref name="thisdaylive.com"/><ref>https://businessday.ng/features/article/meet-ahmed-musa-dangiwa-the-man-with-answers-to-your-housing-needs/</ref> Daga 2017 zuwa 2022, Dangiwa ya kasance shugaban Bankin Biyan Kuɗi na Tarayya na Najeriya (FMBN), inda ya kula da gyare-gyare. A baya ya jagoranci AM Design Consults da Jarlo International kuma yana da matsayi a TRIAD Associates da Sahel Mortgage Finance Bank. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> A cikin 2022, Dangiwa ya nemi tikitin Gwamna na All-Progressives Congress (APC) a [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]]. Daga baya ya shiga cikin Tinubu / Dicko Campaign Council don zaben 2023. <ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> Bayan zaben, an nada shi Sakatare na Gwamnatin [[Katsina (jiha)|Jihar Katsina]] sannan ya sami gabatarwa a matsayin minista.<ref name="thisdaylive.com" /> == Ayyuka == Dangiwa ya fara aikinsa a TRIAD Associates sannan kuma manajan abokin tarayya na AM Design Consults; wanda shine kamfanin ba da shawara kan gine-gine da ci gaban ƙasa, Jarlo International Nig LTD. Kamfanin gine-gine da Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited. Ya yi fice a matsayin mai ba da kuɗin jinginar gida. Ta tashi ta hanyar matsayi a cikin Sahel Mortgage Finance Limited daga manajan dukiya zuwa Shugaban Kula da Kudin zuwa zama manajan, Sashen Bankin jinginar gida.Shi memba ne na kwararru masu sana'a kamar babban memba na hadari manajan hadari na Najeriya (RIMAN), ɗan'uwan Cibiyar Gudanar da Kudin (FICA) da Cibiyar Gudun Abokan ciniki da Gudanar da Kasuwanci (ICSTM) Wani ɗan girmamawa na cibiyar bashi da haɗari ta Najeriya (CILRM) da kuma babban memba na girmamawa na Cibiyar Bankuna ta Najeriya (cIBN). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-05-25 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa managing director/CEO,federal mortgage Bank of Nigeria |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/20348985/ |access-date=2016-05-25 |website=Bloomberg |language=en}}</ref> == Nasarar da aka samu a Bankin Gida na Tarayya == * Tattara N279 biliyan a cikin ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin Asusun Gidaje na Kasa (NHF). Lokacin da Arch Dangiwa ya ɗauki gudanarwar bankin, biliyan 232 ne kawai suka tara zuwa shirin NHF a cikin shekaru 25 a kusan biliyan 9.28 a kowace shekara Arch Dangiwa wa tawagarsa ta tattara biliyan 279 a ƙarin gudummawa ga shirin NHF da matsakaicin biliyan N55.8 a kowace shekara. * Rubuce-rubucen biyan kuɗi na rancen gidaje biliyan 175 da kuma kuɗin gini. (1) samar da rancen jinginar gida na NHF ga masu cin gajiyar 5,938. (2) samar da rancen gyaran gida ga 77,575 (3) samar da gidaje masu araha a duk fadin kasar. * Karin tarihi a cikin sarrafa N39.5 biliyan a cikin maidowa ga masu ba da gudummawa 247,521 na NHF da suka yi ritaya. * Farawa da farawa na aikin biranen FMBN biliyan 40. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-27 |title=property ministry targets over 1000 units in new Housing scheme |url=https://guardian.ng/property/ministry-targets-over-1000-units-in-new-housing-scheme/ |access-date=2020-07-27 |website=Guardian |language=en}}</ref> * Tarihin Tarihi don inganta farashi na FMBN Gidajen gidaje ga talakawa Najeriya. Wannan ya hada da wadannan. (1) Binciken da ake buƙata don biyan kuɗi na FMBN Gidaje. (2) Ci gaban sabbin kayayyakin gidaje don fadada farashi. (3) Arch Dangiwa ya jagoranci kokarin bunkasa rance na Diaspora. Don taimakawa 'yan Najeriya da ke zaune a kasashen waje mallakar gidajensu ba tare da dangi ko abokai a Najeriya su yaudare su ba.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-05 |title=Ahmed Musa Dangiwa a good omen for katsinawa |url=https://www.blueprint.ng/ahmed-musa-a-good-omen-for-katsinawa/ |access-date=2022-01-05 |website=blueprint Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> * Ci gaban shirin dabarun shekaru biyar don FMBN.<ref name="auto1" /> * Gyara Backlog na asusun kudi na FMBN. * Taswirar Canjin Dijital don FMBN. == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar shirya taron [[Kankia]] Transformation na [[Jerin jihohi a Nijeriya|jihar]] [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]]. * Kyautar Kyaututtuka; Real Estate da kansa na shekara ta 2018. * Takardar shaidar hidima a matsayin memba na lambar yabo ta majalisa. * Jami'in sabis na jama'a na shekara 2018. * Kyautar yabo ta Icon ta shekara ta 2018. * Cibiyar Kula da Ci gaban Gidaje da Gidajen TV Afirka. * Gwarzon Karfafawa da Kasuwanci a Kyautar Najeriya. * Kyautar Ci gaban Gidaje da Gudanar da Muhalli. * Kyautar Bankin Kasuwanci na Shekara. * Kyautar Shugaban kasa don aikin sana'a 2021. * Kyautar Kyauta Ta hanyar mafi kyawun ma'aikata don tallafawa mallakar gida a Najeriya. * Kyautar dukiyar Najeriya ta 2018. Kyautar NECA'S 2020 mai ba da aiki. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Abubuwan sha'awa na Dangiwa sun haɗa da tafiya, haɗin kai da daukar hoto. Ya yi aure kuma yana da yara. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1963]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] b783joug37l52gxsqtelrigynnbjok5 0 54760 549881 532344 2024-12-01T23:01:12Z Gwanki 3834 Gwanki moved page [[Kirkirar Basira (Artificial Intelligence)]] to [[Kirkirar Basira]] 532344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:-_AssembleeAI-096_(53610184602).jpg |thumb|Taro game da fasahar ]] [[File:2019_-_Centre_Stage_-_Day_2_VJR21610_(49024163091).jpg |thumb|2019 - Centre Stage ]] '''kirkirarriyar''' Fasaha ''(Artificial Intelligence - AI)'' shine ikon kwamfuta ko robot da kwamfuta ke sarrafa su don yin ayyukan da dan Adam ke yi saboda amfani da fasaha zamani. Ilimin Artificial (AI), a cikin ma'anarsa mafi girma, shine hankali da na ura ke nunawa, musamman tsarin kwamfuta. fannin bincike ne a kimiyyar na urar kwamfuta wanda ke haɓaka da nazarin hanyoyin da software waɗanda ke ba da damar na ura su fahimci mahallinsu kuma su yi amfani da ilmantarwa da hankali don ɗaukar matakai waɗanda ke haɓaka damar cimma burin da aka ƙayyade.[1] Irin waɗannan na'urorin ana iya kiransu AIs. <ref> Russell & Norvig (2021), pp. 1–4</ref> <ref>https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence</ref> == Goals == Matsalolin gaba ɗaya na kwaikwayon (ko ƙirƙira) hankali an warware su zuwa matsuguni. Waɗannan sun ƙunshi takamaiman halaye ko iyawar da masu bincike ke tsammanin tsarin mai hankali zai nuna. Halayen da aka bayyana a ƙasa sun sami kulawa sosai kuma sun rufe iyakokin binciken AI.{{Efn|name="Matsalolin AI"|Wannan jerin halaye masu hankali sun dogara ne akan batutuwan da manyan littattafan AI suka yi bayani, gami da: {{Efn|name="Problems of AI"|Wannan jerin halaye na hankali sun dogara ne akan batutuwan da manyan litattafan AI suka tattara, gami da: {{Harvtxt|Russell|Norvig|2021}}, {{Harvtxt|Luger|Stubblefield |2004}}, {{Harvtxt|Poole|Mackworth|Goebel|1998}} da {{Harvtxt|Nilsson|1998}}} === Hankali da warware matsala === Masu bincike na farko sun ƙirƙiro algorithms waɗanda suka kwaikwayi tunani mataki-mataki wanda ɗan adam ke amfani da shi lokacin da suke warware wasanin gwada ilimi ko yin ma'ana [[Deductive reasoning | deductions]].<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-15</ref> A ƙarshen 1980s da 1990s, an ƙirƙiri hanyoyin magance rashin tabbas ko cikakkun bayanai, yin amfani da dabaru daga yuwuwar da tattalin arziki.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-16</ref> Yawancin waɗannan algorithms ba su isa don magance manyan matsalolin tunani ba saboda suna fuskantar " fashewar haɗuwa ": Suna zama a hankali yayin da matsalolin suka girma.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Intractability-17</ref> Ko da ɗan adam ba safai suke amfani da ragi na mataki-mataki wanda farkon binciken AI zai iya ƙima. Suna magance yawancin matsalolinsu ta amfani da hukunci mai sauri, da hankali.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Psychological_evidence_of_sub-symbolic_reasoning-18</ref> Daidaitaccen tunani mai inganci matsala ce da ba a warware ba.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKupermanReichleyBailey2006-22</ref> === Wakilin ilimi === [[File:General Formal Ontology.svg|thumb|upright=1.2| Ontology yana wakiltar ilimi azaman tsarin ra'ayoyi a cikin yanki da alaƙar da ke tsakanin waɗannan ra'ayoyin.]] [[Wakilin Ilimi]] da [[injinin ilmi]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-19</ref> ba da damar shirye-shiryen AI don amsa tambayoyi cikin hankali da yin ragi game da gaskiyar duniya. Ana amfani da wakilcin ilimi na yau da kullun a cikin bayanan tushen abun ciki da dawo da su,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmoliarZhang1994-20</ref> tafsirin yanayi,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeumannM%C3%B6ller2008-21</ref> goyan bayan shawarar asibiti,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKupermanReichleyBailey2006-22</ref> gano ilimin (haƙar ma'adinai "mai ban sha'awa" da abubuwan da za a iya aiki daga manyan [[bayanan bayanai]]),<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGarry2005-23</ref> da sauran fannoni.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBertiniDel_BimboTorniai2006-24</ref> [[Tushen ilimi]] wani yanki ne na ilimin da aka wakilta a cikin nau'i wanda shirin zai iya amfani da shi. [[Ontology]] shine saitin abubuwa, alaƙa, dabaru, da kaddarorin da wani yanki na ilimi ke amfani dashi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTERussellNorvig2021272-25</ref> Tushen ilimi yana buƙatar wakiltar abubuwa kamar abubuwa, kadarori, nau'ikan, da alaƙa tsakanin abubuwa;<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Representing_categories_and_relations-26</ref> yanayi, abubuwan da suka faru, jihohi, da lokaci;<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Representing_time-27</ref> haddasawa da tasiri;<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Representing_causation-28</ref> ilimi game da ilimi (abin da muka sani game da abin da wasu suka sani);<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Representing_knowledge_about_knowledge-29</ref> dalilan da ba su dace ba (abubuwan da mutane suke ɗauka gaskiya ne har sai an gaya musu daban kuma za su kasance gaskiya ko da lokacin da wasu abubuwan ke canzawa);<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Default_reasoning_and_non-monotonic_logic-30</ref> da sauran bangarori da fagagen ilimi. == manazarta == <references /> at88teoq6mma4jiir4n2937jfdm189z 549883 549881 2024-12-01T23:01:49Z Gwanki 3834 /* Goals */ 549883 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:-_AssembleeAI-096_(53610184602).jpg |thumb|Taro game da fasahar ]] [[File:2019_-_Centre_Stage_-_Day_2_VJR21610_(49024163091).jpg |thumb|2019 - Centre Stage ]] '''kirkirarriyar''' Fasaha ''(Artificial Intelligence - AI)'' shine ikon kwamfuta ko robot da kwamfuta ke sarrafa su don yin ayyukan da dan Adam ke yi saboda amfani da fasaha zamani. Ilimin Artificial (AI), a cikin ma'anarsa mafi girma, shine hankali da na ura ke nunawa, musamman tsarin kwamfuta. fannin bincike ne a kimiyyar na urar kwamfuta wanda ke haɓaka da nazarin hanyoyin da software waɗanda ke ba da damar na ura su fahimci mahallinsu kuma su yi amfani da ilmantarwa da hankali don ɗaukar matakai waɗanda ke haɓaka damar cimma burin da aka ƙayyade.[1] Irin waɗannan na'urorin ana iya kiransu AIs. <ref> Russell & Norvig (2021), pp. 1–4</ref> <ref>https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence</ref> == Goals == Matsalolin gaba ɗaya na kwaikwayon (ko ƙirƙira) hankali an warware su zuwa matsuguni. Waɗannan sun ƙunshi takamaiman halaye ko iyawar da masu bincike ke tsammanin tsarin mai hankali zai nuna. Halayen da aka bayyana a ƙasa sun sami kulawa sosai kuma sun rufe iyakokin binciken AI.{{Efn|name="Matsalolin AI"|Wannan jerin halaye masu hankali sun dogara ne akan batutuwan da manyan littattafan AI suka yi bayani, gami da: {{Efn|name="Problems of AI"|Wannan jerin halaye na hankali sun dogara ne akan batutuwan da manyan litattafan AI suka tattara, gami da: === Hankali da warware matsala === Masu bincike na farko sun ƙirƙiro algorithms waɗanda suka kwaikwayi tunani mataki-mataki wanda ɗan adam ke amfani da shi lokacin da suke warware wasanin gwada ilimi ko yin ma'ana [[Deductive reasoning | deductions]].<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-15</ref> A ƙarshen 1980s da 1990s, an ƙirƙiri hanyoyin magance rashin tabbas ko cikakkun bayanai, yin amfani da dabaru daga yuwuwar da tattalin arziki.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-16</ref> Yawancin waɗannan algorithms ba su isa don magance manyan matsalolin tunani ba saboda suna fuskantar " fashewar haɗuwa ": Suna zama a hankali yayin da matsalolin suka girma.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Intractability-17</ref> Ko da ɗan adam ba safai suke amfani da ragi na mataki-mataki wanda farkon binciken AI zai iya ƙima. Suna magance yawancin matsalolinsu ta amfani da hukunci mai sauri, da hankali.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Psychological_evidence_of_sub-symbolic_reasoning-18</ref> Daidaitaccen tunani mai inganci matsala ce da ba a warware ba.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKupermanReichleyBailey2006-22</ref> === Wakilin ilimi === [[File:General Formal Ontology.svg|thumb|upright=1.2| Ontology yana wakiltar ilimi azaman tsarin ra'ayoyi a cikin yanki da alaƙar da ke tsakanin waɗannan ra'ayoyin.]] [[Wakilin Ilimi]] da [[injinin ilmi]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-19</ref> ba da damar shirye-shiryen AI don amsa tambayoyi cikin hankali da yin ragi game da gaskiyar duniya. Ana amfani da wakilcin ilimi na yau da kullun a cikin bayanan tushen abun ciki da dawo da su,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmoliarZhang1994-20</ref> tafsirin yanayi,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeumannM%C3%B6ller2008-21</ref> goyan bayan shawarar asibiti,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKupermanReichleyBailey2006-22</ref> gano ilimin (haƙar ma'adinai "mai ban sha'awa" da abubuwan da za a iya aiki daga manyan [[bayanan bayanai]]),<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGarry2005-23</ref> da sauran fannoni.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBertiniDel_BimboTorniai2006-24</ref> [[Tushen ilimi]] wani yanki ne na ilimin da aka wakilta a cikin nau'i wanda shirin zai iya amfani da shi. [[Ontology]] shine saitin abubuwa, alaƙa, dabaru, da kaddarorin da wani yanki na ilimi ke amfani dashi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-FOOTNOTERussellNorvig2021272-25</ref> Tushen ilimi yana buƙatar wakiltar abubuwa kamar abubuwa, kadarori, nau'ikan, da alaƙa tsakanin abubuwa;<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Representing_categories_and_relations-26</ref> yanayi, abubuwan da suka faru, jihohi, da lokaci;<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Representing_time-27</ref> haddasawa da tasiri;<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Representing_causation-28</ref> ilimi game da ilimi (abin da muka sani game da abin da wasu suka sani);<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Representing_knowledge_about_knowledge-29</ref> dalilan da ba su dace ba (abubuwan da mutane suke ɗauka gaskiya ne har sai an gaya musu daban kuma za su kasance gaskiya ko da lokacin da wasu abubuwan ke canzawa);<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#cite_note-Default_reasoning_and_non-monotonic_logic-30</ref> da sauran bangarori da fagagen ilimi. == manazarta == <references /> 0lv9y9wxyuwdngt5en4y4y8ixrhhnb0 0 55299 549547 523562 2024-12-01T17:11:41Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{stub}} [[Fayil:HEC Paris.svg|thumb|HEC Paris]] [[Fayil:Chateau, HEC Paris, Jouy-en-Josas, South view 20160501 1.jpg|thumb|HEC Paris]] [[Fayil:MBA graduates HEC Paris.jpg|thumb|Yayayu dalibai hex paris]] [[Fayil:HEC Paris.svg|thumb|HEC Paris]] '''HEC Paris,''' makarantar kasuwanci ce mai zaman kanta da ke a yankin kudancin [[Faris]], [[Faransa|kasar Faransa]]. An kafa makarantar ne a cikin shekarar 1881 ta Cibiyar Kasuwanci a garin Paris, wanda aka tsara bayan manyan Grandes écoles na kasar Faransa. HEC [[Faris|Paris]] ta sha kan gaba a matsayin Financial Times na mafi kyawun makarantun kasuwanci na Turai tun daga shekarar 2006, kuma a cikin shekarar 2014 an sanya shi na biyu bayan Makarantar Kasuwancin London. AMBA, EQUIS da AACSB ne suka amince da makarantar a duniya.<ref>[http://www.mba.today/guide/triple-accreditation-business-schools Triple accredited business schools (AACSB, AMBA, EQUIS)]</ref> Ƙungiyar tsofaffin ɗalibai, HEC Alumni, ɗaya ne daga cikin tsoffin cibiyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa a duniya.<ref>[https://www.helloworkplace.fr/le-nouveau-visage-dhec-alumni-partager-pour-progresser/ HEC Alumni, une communauté au service des diplômés]</ref> Makarantar kuma tana da nata tushe. == Shahararrun daliban digiri == * [[Édith Cresson]] * [[François Hollande]] == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.hec.edu HEC Paris] [[Category:Jami'a]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kqzr95n8i9qursihoaarfc6tjiv7m7y 0 55339 550421 294488 2024-12-02T11:36:11Z Maryamarh 29382 550421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Villach,''' birni ne na bakwai mafi girma a [[Austriya]] kuma birni na biyu mafi girma a cikin gwamnatin tarayya ta Carinthia. Yana da muhimmiyar mahaɗar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ga kudancin Ostiriya da kuma yankin Alpe-Adria gabaɗaya. Tun daga watan Janairun 2018, yawan jama'a ya kai 61,887.<ref name = "stat">{{cite web | url = http://www.statistik.at/blickgem/pr1/g20201.pdf | title = Einwohnerzahl und Komponenten der Bevölkerungsentwicklung (''Population and Components of Population Growth'') | publisher = Statistik Österreich (English Version) | date = 2007-11-29 | access-date = 2007-12-27 | language = de }}</ref> Tare da sauran garuruwan Alpine Villach suna shiga cikin Ƙungiyar Alpine Town na shekara don aiwatar da Yarjejeniyar Alpine don samun ci gaba mai dorewa a cikin Alpine Arc. A shekarar 1997, Villach shine birni na farko da aka ba da kyautar Garin Alpine na Shekara. ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:Villach Innenstadt Widmanngasse 38 Stadtmuseum Risalit mit Portal 03082015 6463.jpg|Villach_Innenstadt_Widmanngasse_38_Stadtmuseum File:Villach Innenstadt Widmanngasse 38 Stadtmuseum Portal 02072018 3810.jpg|Villach Museum File:Villach Innenstadt Draubrücke Bahnhofstrasse SW-Ansicht 03082015 6387.jpg|Villach_Innenstadt_Draubrücke File:Villach City Hans-Gasser-Platz 9 Appartement-Haus SW-Ansicht 02072018 3799.jpg|Villach_City_Hans-Gasser-Platz_9_Appartement File:Villach Innenstadt Nikolaiplatz 1 Pfarrkirche hl. Nikolai 03082015 6397.jpg|Villach_Innenstadt_Nikolaiplatz File:Villach Lind Genotteallee 18 Villa SW-Teilansicht 15072022 2677.jpg|Villach_Lind_Genotteallee File:Villach Perau Peraustraße 15 Villa Aichelberg 28052018 3447.jpg|Villach_Perau_Peraustraße File:Villach Lind Genotteallee 18 Villa SW-Teilansicht 15072022 2678.jpg|Villach_Lind_Genotteallee </gallery> ==Manazarta== 85b8la0bzfevzzghox46ojlbafnn1pk 0 57554 549543 488606 2024-12-01T17:05:36Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549543 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Luisa_Futoransky_Eichstaett1993.jpg|thumb| Luisa Futoransky a shekarar 1993]] [[Fayil:Luisa Futoransky.jpg|thumb|Luisa Futoransky]] [[Fayil:Luisa Futoransky Eichstaett1993.jpg|thumb|Luisa Futoransky]] '''Luisa Futoransky'''(an haife ta a watan Janairu 5,1939)marubuciya ce [[Argentina|ta Argentine]],ƙwararriya kuma ɗan jarida da ke zaune a Faransa. == Rayuwar farko == 'Yar Alberto Futoransky da Sonia Saskin de Milstein,an haife ta a [[Buenos Aires]] . Futoransky ya yi karatun kiɗa tare da Cátulo Castillo kuma ya yi aiki a cikin National Library a ƙarƙashin Jorge Luis Borges kafin ya bar Argentina a 1971 don shiga cikin Shirin Rubutun Duniya a Jami'ar Iowa.Ta zauna a Italiya,Spain, China da Japan,inda ta koyar da wasan opera a Kwalejin Kida ta Kasa,da Sin;tun 1981,ta zauna a Faransa.Iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila a ƙarshen 1975. == Tarihin Rayuwa == Luisa Futoransky ta zauna a Italiya,Spain, Japan,inda ta koyar da wasan opera a Kwalejin Kide-kide ta Kasa,da Sin;tun 1981,ta zauna a Faransa.Iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila a ƙarshen 1975.[3] Littafinta na farko na waƙar ''Trago fuerte (Ƙarfin abin sha'')an buga shi a cikin 1963. Daga baya ''El corazón de los lugares'' (Zuciyar Wurare)a cikin 1964,''Babel Babel'' a 1968 da ''Lo regado por lo seco''(Mai shayar da bushewa)a cikin 1972. [[Fayil:Vicente Muleiro en el Salón del Libro de París (2014).jpg|thumb|Luisa Futoransky]] Futoransky shine farkon wanda ya karɓi kyautar waƙar mata ta Carmen Conde a cikin 1984.An ba ta suna Chevalier a cikin Faransanci Ordre des Arts et des Lettres a cikin 1990kuma,a cikin 1991, an ba ta Guggenheim Fellowship. [[Fayil:Poesía argentina, en el Salón del Libro de París 2014 (2).jpg|thumb|Luisa Futoransky a tsakiya ]] An fassara rubutunta zuwa Turanci, Faransanci,Ibrananci,Fotigal,Jafananci da Jamusanci.Ayyukanta sun bayyana a cikin mujallolin ''Hispamérica'',''Fiction na Duniya'', ''El Universal'' da ''Taifa'' kuma zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka sun bayyana a cikin litattafan ''tarihin Gidan Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwararren Yahudawa na Yahudawa na Latin Amurka'' da ''<nowiki/>'Ya'yan Maryamu:Mawaƙan Mata na Latin Amurka na Yahudawa''.Ƙwarewa cikin Mutanen Espanya,Faransanci, Ingilishi,Ibrananci da Italiyanci,aikin Luisa ya haɗu da ɗimbin abubuwan al'adu masu ban sha'awa waɗanda aka yi wahayi daga abubuwan da ta samu a Latin Amurka, Turai da Gabas Mai Nisa,waɗanda ta haɗu tare da keɓaɓɓun hotunan gida (Argentina).A cikin 19971 ta kasance memba na Shirin Rubuce-rubuce na Duniya daga Iowa City,Iowa.Ana gayyatar ta akai-akai don yin lacca a manyan jami'o'i a Faransa,Spain,Argentina da Amurka.Hakazalika,ana gayyatar ta akai-akai a matsayin marubuciyar bakuwa zuwa bukukuwan adabi na duniya.Ana yawan ambaton ayyukan Luisa a cikin nazarin rubuce-rubucen matan Argentine na zamani da kuma waɗanda ke da alaƙa da al'amuran gudun hijira,asalin ƙasa, harshe,waƙoƙin Latin Amurka na zamani ko marubutan Argentine a Paris. == Littafi Mai Tsarki == === Ayyukan da aka zaɓa === * ''Babel,Babel''.Buenos Aires:Ed.La Loca Poesía,1968(wasiƙa) * ''Lo regado por lo seco''.Buenos Aires: Ed.Noé,1972(waka) * ''El nombre de los vientos''.Zaragoza: Aljafería,1976(waka) * ''Partir,digo''(Don barin,na ce), Valencia:Ed.Prometeo,1982(waka) * ''Son cuentos chinos'' (Tatsuniyoyin Sinanci ne), Madrid: Ed. Albatros, 1983 (labari) * ''El diván de la puerta dorada'', Madrid: Ed. Torremozas, 1984 (waka), ya sami kyautar Carmen Conde * ''De Pe a Pa'' (Daga Peking zuwa Paris), Barcelona: Editorial Anagrama, 1986 (labari) * ''La sanguina'', Barcelona: Ed. Taifa, 1987 (poetry) * ''Urracas'' (Magpies), Buenos Aires: Planeta, 1992 (labari) * ''La parca, enfrente'', Buenos Aires: Libros de Tierra Firme, 1995 (waka) * ''Cortezas fulgores'', Albacete: Editorial Barcarola, 1997 (waka) * ''De dónde son las palabras'', Barcelona: Plaza & Janés, 1998 (waka) * ''París, desvelos y quebrantos'', New York: Pen Press, 2000 (waqoqi) * ''Estuarios'', Buenos Aires: Ediciones del Mate, 2001 (waka) * ''Prender de gajo'', Madrid: Editorial Calambur, 2006 (waka) * ''Inclinaciones'', Buenos Aires: Editorial Leviatán, 2006 (waka) * ''Seqüana Barrosa'', Jerez: EH, 2007 (waka) * ''El Formosa'', Buenos Aires: Leviatán, 2010 (labari) * ''23:53 - Noveleta'', Buenos Aires: Leviatán, 2013 (labari) * ''Ortigas'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20160416110307/http://www.shearsman.com/ws-shop/category/796-books/product/6054-lisa-futoransky---nettles (Nettles)], Buenos Aires: Leviatán, 2014 (shari'a) * ''Marchar de dîa'', Buenos Aires: Editorial Leviatán, 2017 (wasiƙa) * ''Humus, humus'', Buenos Aires: Editorial Leviatán, 2020 (wasiƙa) === Fassara === * ''Tsawon Tafiya''.Zababbun Waqoqin. Jason Weiss ne ya gyara kuma ya fassara.San Diego:Junction Press, 1997 * ''Nettles''.Philippa Pag ne ya fassara. London:Shearsman,2016 === Fassara zuwa Mutanen Espanya na wasu wakokin mawallafa === * ''Sol Negro'',Aco Šopov,poeta macedonio,en colaboración con Jasmina Šopova.2011.Editorial Leviatan,Bs As. * ''Poesía contemporánea en lengua hebrea''-Antología 2012,Libros del airre,Madrid.Traducción del hebreo por Luisa Futoransky da Marta Teitelbaum. == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 3sh6eoa9kev51r1nlqawdicyxarcqut 0 58191 549568 534312 2024-12-01T17:56:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adebimpe Oyebade''' wacce akafi sani da ''Mo Bimpe'' Jarumar fina-finan Najeriya ce da ta shahara wajen lashe lambar yabo ta [[City People Entertainment Awards|2018 City People Entertainment Awards]] na sabuwar jarumar bana.<ref name="Ohunyon 2018">{{cite web | last=Ohunyon | first=Ehis | title=Omotola Jalade Ekeinde, Charles Inojie and Ruth Kadiri win at movie awards ceremony | website=Pulse Nigeria | date=September 17, 2018 | url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/city-people-awards-2018-omotola-jalade-ekeinde-charles-inojie-and-ruth-kadiri-win-at/7ej99ne | access-date=July 22, 2022 | archive-date=October 31, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031172656/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/city-people-awards-2018-omotola-jalade-ekeinde-charles-inojie-and-ruth-kadiri-win-at/7ej99ne | url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'a == Adebimpe ta fara aikin ta ne a matsayin abin koyi a shekarar 2016, da kuma tantance matsayinta a masana’antar fina-finan Najeriya a wannan shekarar. Ta shahara bayan ta fito a cikin fim ɗin Onikede, wani fim da Abbey Lanre ya ba da umarni. Ta fito a fina-finan [[Nollywood]] kusan hamsin (50) tun daga lokacin. A halin yanzu ''Mo Bimpe'' tana gudanar da kantin sayar da kayayyaki da kamfanin kula da fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tosin |first=Alamu |date=2021-12-19 |title=Adebimpe Oyebade (M.O Bimpe) Biography, Net Worth, Wiki, Age, Husband, State » NGNews247 |url=https://www.ngnews247.com/adebimpe-oyebade-m-o-bimpe-biography-net-worth-wiki-age-husband-state/ |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=NGNews247 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Fina-finai == *''Omo Oba'' (2019) *''The Cokers'' (2021) *''That One Time'' (2022) *''Secret'' *''Assurance'' *''The Fault'' *''Oloore'' *''Romance'' *''Entrapped'' *''Tranquillity'' *''Dear Sister'' *''Shadows'' *''Irapada'' == Rayuwa ta sirri == Adebimpe ta auri [[Lateef Adedimeji]] a watan Disamba a shekarata 2021.<ref name="BBC News Pidgin 2021">{{cite web | title=Lateef Adedimeji: Nollywood actor wedding wit Adebimpe Oyebade - BBC News Pidgin | website=BBC News Pidgin | date=December 18, 2021 | url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/media-59712969 | access-date=July 22, 2022}}</ref><ref name="Punch Newspapers 2022">{{cite web | title=Actress Adebimpe speaks on marrying Adedimeji Lateef, says, 'I didn't see that coming' | website=Punch Newspapers | date=January 1, 2022 | url=https://punchng.com/actress-adebimpe-speaks-on-marrying-adedimeji-lateef-says-i-didnt-see-that-coming/ | access-date=July 22, 2022}}</ref><ref name="BellaNaija 2021">{{cite web | title=#AdeAdeForever: Some of the Stunning Guests at Adedimeji Lateef & Oyebade Adebimpe’s Wedding | website=BellaNaija | date=December 23, 2021 | url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2021/12/adedimeji-adebimpe-wedding-guest-looks/ | access-date=July 22, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-30 |title=Actress Mo Bimpe Replies Critics Over Alleged Pregnancy Before Marriage |url=https://independent.ng/actress-mo-bimpe-replies-critics-over-alleged-pregnancy-before-marriage/ |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|12429135|Oyebade Adebimpe}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 1997]] jzvxlbplzz03v9y6a3xm7g7bvhd2kr7 0 58550 550103 332477 2024-12-02T07:32:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gwyneth Barber Wood''' (ta mutu a shekara ta 2006) wakiliyar harkar tafiye-tafiye ce kuma marubuciya, [[Jamaika|'yar ƙasar Jamaica]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1405&context=kunapipi&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.ca%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DGwyneth%2BBarber%2BWood%2Bborn%26btnG%3DSearch%26gws_rd%3Dcr#search=%22Gwyneth%20Barber%20Wood%20born%22 |title=Notes on Contributors |work=Research Online |year=2004 |publisher=University of Wollongong |access-date=2023-09-05 |archive-date=2021-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413201700/https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1405&context=kunapipi&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.ca%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DGwyneth%2BBarber%2BWood%2Bborn%26btnG%3DSearch%26gws_rd%3Dcr#search=%22Gwyneth%20Barber%20Wood%20born%22 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haife ta [[Kingston, Jamaica|a Kingston]], Jamaica. A cikin shekara ta 2000, ta sami lambar yabo ta tagulla da takardar shaidar cancanta don waƙoƙi guda biyu daga lambar yabo ta Adabi ta Hukumar Raya Al'adu ta Jamaica. Wood ya kasance mabiyar Cibiyar Fasaha ta Virginia don Ƙirƙirar Fasaha a cikin 2001 da 2003. An gayyace ta don yin karatu a Calabash International Literary Festival a shekarar 2001.<ref name=peepal>{{cite web |url=http://www.peepaltreepress.com/authors/gwyneth-barber-wood |title=Gwyneth Barber Wood |publisher=[[Peepal Tree Press]]}}</ref> Waƙarta ta bayyana a cikin mujallar ''Artemis'', ''The Jamaica Observer'', ''The Caribbean Writer'' da jerin tarihin ''Bayar da Shaida''. Kundin wakokinta na farko, ''Lambun Mantawa'', an buga shi a cikin shekarar 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nyu.edu/calabash/contributors.shtml |title=Contributor notes |journal=Calabash: A Journal of Caribbean Arts and Letters}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutuwan 2006]] 8lt954bqvrt2r1yqotmz7qzxb9e3t83 0 60636 550247 506066 2024-12-02T10:07:44Z Umar A Muhammad 22698 Nayi Gyara 550247 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Cyclone Kevin intensifying in infrared imagery.gif|thumb|Cyclone kevjn infrared]] Over the [[Atlas Mountains]], interferometrically recorded spectra of outgoing longwave radiation<ref name="Hanel 19722">{{Cite journal|url-status=2629–41}}</ref> show emission that has arisen from the land surface at a temperature of about 320 K and passed through the atmospheric window, and non-window emission that has arisen mainly from the troposphere at temperatures about 260 K. [[File:Atmosfaerisk_spredning.png|right|thumb| A matsayin babban ɓangaren bakan 'taga', ana iya ganin fili tagar watsa siffa ta lantarki tsakanin 8 zuwa 14 μm. Wani ɓaɓɓeke na bakan 'taga' (wanda zai iya faɗi wani ɓangaren 'taga') kuma ana iya gani a bayyane zuwa tsakiyar tsawon infrared tsakanin 0.2 da 5.5 μm.]] '''Tagar yanayi na infrared''' yana nufin yanki na Bakan Infrared inda babu ɗan ɗan shanyewar iskar zafi ta ƙasa ta iskar gas. Tagar tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tasirin yanayi na yanayin ta hanyar kiyaye daidaito tsakanin hasken rana mai shigowa da IR mai fita zuwa sararin samaniya. A cikin [[Sararin Samaniya na Duniya|yanayin duniya]] wannan taga yana kusa da yanki tsakanin 8 zuwa 14 μm ko da yake ana iya ragewa ko rufe shi a wasu lokuta da wuraren zafi mai zafi saboda tsananin sha a ci gaba da tururin ruwa ko kuma saboda toshewa da gajimare. Yana rufe babban ɓangaren bakan daga iskar zafin da ke farawa da kusan 5 [[Micrometer|μm]] . Ainihin babban gibi ne a cikin nau'in [[Sha (electromagnetic radiation)|shayarwar]] tururin ruwa. [[Carbon dioxide]] yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen saita iyaka a ƙarshen dogon zango. [[Ozone]] wani bangare yana toshe watsawa a tsakiyar taga. '''Tagar yanayi na infrared''' yana nufin yanki na Bakan [[Infrared]] inda babu ɗan ɗan shanyewar iskar zafi ta ƙasa ta iskar gas. Tagar tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tasirin yanayi na yanayi ta hanyar kiyaye daidaito tsakanin hasken rana mai shigowa da IR mai fita zuwa sararin samaniya. A cikin [[Sararin Samaniya na Duniya|yanayin duniya]] wannan taga yana kusa da yanki tsakanin 8 zuwa 14 μm ko da yake ana iya ragewa ko rufe shi a wasu lokuta da wuraren zafi mai zafi saboda tsananin sha a ci gaba da tururin ruwa ko kuma saboda toshewa da gajimare. Yana rufe babban ɓangaren bakan daga iskar zafin da ke farawa da kusan 5 [[Micrometer|μm]] . Ainihin babban gibi ne a cikin nau'in [[Sha (electromagnetic radiation)|shayarwar]] tururin ruwa. [[Carbon dioxide]] yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen saita iyaka a ƙarshen dogon zango. [[Ozone]] wani bangare yana toshe watsawa a tsakiyar taga. tagar infrared na yanayi a cikin ma'aunin makamashi na yanayi an gano shi ta hanyar George Simpson a cikin 1928, bisa ga nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje na G. Hettner na 1918 <ref name="Hettner 1918">{{Cite journal|url-status=476–497 including foldout figure}}</ref> na ratar da ke cikin nau'in shayarwar ruwa. A wancan zamani, babu kwamfutoci, kuma Simpson ya lura cewa ya yi amfani da kimanin; ya rubuta game da bukatar hakan domin a lissafta hasken IR mai fita: "Babu bege na samun ainihin mafita; amma ta hanyar yin zato masu sauƙaƙawa masu dacewa . . . " A zamanin yau, ana iya yin ƙididdige ƙididdiga na layi-da-layi daidai, kuma an buga nazari mai zurfi na spectroscopy na iskar gas mai infrared. == Mechanisms a cikin infrared na yanayi taga == Babban iskar gas na yanayi na yanayi don mahimmancin su shine tururin ruwa H<nowiki></br></nowiki> H O, carbon dioxide CO<nowiki></br></nowiki> CO, ozone O<nowiki></br></nowiki> O, methane CH<nowiki></br></nowiki> CH da nitrous oxide N<nowiki></br></nowiki> N O. Matsakaicin mafi ƙarancin waɗannan, N<nowiki></br></nowiki> N O, kusan 400 pbV ne.  Sauran iskar gas waɗanda ke taimakawa ga tasirin greenhouse suna kasancewa a matakan pptV. Waɗannan sun haɗa da chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) da hydrofluororcarbons (HFC da HCFCs). Kamar yadda aka tattauna a ƙasa, babban dalilin da ya sa suke da tasiri sosai kamar yadda iskar gas ke haifar da su shine cewa suna da igiyoyi masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka fada cikin taga infrared na yanayi. IR absorption ta CO<nowiki></br></nowiki> CO a 14.7 μm yana saita iyakacin tsayin tsayin infrared na yanayi tare da sha ta hanyar juyawa na H<nowiki></br></nowiki> H O a tsawon magudanar ruwa. Matsakaicin iyakar tsayin taga na yanayi na IR an saita shi ta hanyar sha a mafi ƙarancin mitar girgizar ruwa na tururin ruwa. Akwai babban band na ozone a 9.6 μm a tsakiyar taga wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yake aiki a matsayin irin wannan iskar gas mai ƙarfi. Turin ruwa yana da ci gaba da sha saboda cin karo da faɗaɗa layukan sha waɗanda ke wucewa ta taga. <ref name="Hettner 1918"/> <ref name="Daniel 2004">{{Cite journal|url-status=L06118}}</ref> Babban zafi na gida yana iya toshe tagar infrared gaba ɗaya. Over the Atlas Mountains, interferometrically recorded spectra of outgoing longwave radiation<ref name="Hanel 1972">{{Cite journal|url-status=2629–41}}</ref> show emission that has arisen from the land surface at a temperature of about 320 K and passed through the atmospheric window, and non-window emission that has arisen mainly from the troposphere at temperatures about 260 K. [[Fayil:Cyclone Kevin intensifying in infrared imagery.gif|thumb|Infrared taga]] Sama da [[Ivory Coast|Cote d'Ivoire]], an yi rikodin nau'ikan radiyo na tsaka-tsakin radiyo mai fita <ref name="Hanel 1972"/> yana nuna hayaƙin da ya taso daga saman gajimare a zafin jiki na kusan 265 K kuma ya wuce ta tagar sararin samaniya, da hayaƙin da ba ta taga wanda ya taso musamman daga troposphere a yanayin zafi game da 240 K. Wannan yana nufin cewa, a cikin ƙarancin shayar da ci gaba na raƙuman raƙuman ruwa (8 zuwa 14)&nbsp;μm), radiation da ke fitowa, ta fuskar duniya zuwa wani busasshiyar yanayi, da kuma saman gajimare, galibi suna wucewa ba tare da an shayar da su ba, kuma suna fitowa kai tsaye zuwa sararin samaniya; Hakanan ana watsa sashin taga a cikin layin infrared mai nisa tsakanin kusan 16 da 28&nbsp;μm. Gajimare suna fitar da infrared radiation mai kyau. Radiyon taga daga saman gajimare yana tasowa ne a wuraren da yanayin iska ya yi ƙasa, amma kamar yadda aka gani daga waɗannan tsaunukan, tururin ruwan da ke sama ya yi ƙasa da na iska a saman teku. Haka kuma, <ref name="Daniel 2004"/> ruwa tururin ci gaba da sha, kwayoyin don kwayoyin halitta, yana raguwa tare da raguwar matsa lamba. Don haka tururin ruwa a sama da gajimare, baya ga kasancewarsa ba ta da hankali, kuma ba shi da sha'awa fiye da tururin ruwa a ƙasan sama. Sakamakon haka, taga mai tasiri kamar yadda aka gani daga saman saman gajimare ya fi buɗewa, tare da sakamakon cewa saman gajimare suna da ƙarfi tushen hasken taga; wato, a zahiri girgije yana toshe taga kawai zuwa ƙaramin digiri (duba wani ra'ayi game da wannan, wanda Ahrens (2009) ya gabatar a shafi na 43 ). == Muhimmancin rayuwa == Idan ba tare da taga infrared na yanayi ba, duniya za ta yi zafi sosai don tallafawa rayuwa, kuma mai yiyuwa ne mai dumi ta yadda za ta rasa ruwanta, kamar yadda Venus ta yi a farkon tarihin [[Tsarin hasken rana|Solar System]] . Don haka, kasancewar taga yanayin yanayi yana da mahimmanci ga ƙasan duniya ta kasance ta zama duniya . A matsayin dabarun gudanarwa da aka tsara don ɗumamar yanayi, filaye masu sanyaya hasken rana (PDRC) suna amfani da tagar infrared don mayar da zafi zuwa sararin samaniya tare da manufar juyar da hauhawar yanayin zafi da [[canjin yanayi]] ya haifar. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|url-status=2057–2060}}</ref> == Barazana == A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, wanzuwar taga infrared na yanayi ya zama barazana ta hanyar haɓakar iskar gas da ba ta da ƙarfi da ke ɗauke da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin fluorine da carbon, sulfur ko nitrogen . Masanin kimiyyar yanayi na Indiya-Ba-Amurke Veerabhadran Ramanathan ne ya fara gano tasirin waɗannan mahadi a cikin 1975, <ref>Ramanathan, Veerabhadran; 'Greenhouse Effect Due to Chlorofluorocarbons: Climatic Implications'; ''[[Science (journal)|Science]]'', vol. 190, no. 4209 (October 3, 1975), pp. 50–52</ref> shekara ɗaya bayan takardan bikin Roland da Molina akan ikon chlorofluorocarbons don lalata [[Lemar Sararin Samaniya|sararin samaniyar ozone]] . "Mitsin mitsi" na haɗin gwiwa tsakanin fluorine da sauran abubuwan da ba su da haske sun kasance irin wannan ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a cikin taga yanayin yanayi koyaushe zai kasance halayen mahadi masu ɗauke da irin waɗannan shaidu, <ref name="Identifying">Bera, Partha P.; Francisco, Joseph S. and Lee, Timothy J.; 'Identifying the Molecular Origin of Global Warming'; ''Journal of Physical Chemistry''; 113 (2009), pp. 12694-12699</ref> ko da yake fluorides na nonmetals ban da carbon, nitrogen ko sulfur ba su da ɗan gajeren lokaci. saboda hydrolysis . An ƙarfafa wannan sha saboda waɗannan shaidu suna da iyakacin iyaka saboda matsanancin electronegativity na zarra na fluorine. Haɗin kai zuwa sauran halogens suma suna shiga cikin taga yanayi, kodayake ƙasa da ƙarfi. <ref name="Identifying" /> Bugu da ƙari, yanayin rashin aiki na irin waɗannan mahadi da ke sa su kima don dalilai na masana'antu da yawa yana nufin cewa ba za a iya cire su ba a cikin yanayin yanayin ƙasa na ƙasa. Ƙananan ƙananan maɓuɓɓugan halitta waɗanda aka kirkira ta hanyar iskar oxygen da iskar shaka na fluorite da kuma amsawar da ta biyo baya tare da sulfate ko ma'adanai na carbonate suna samarwa ta hanyar rarraba yanayin yanayi na kusan 40 ppt ga duk perfluorocarbons da 0.01 ppt don sulfur hexafluoride, <ref>Harnisch, J. and Eisenhauer, A.: 'Natural CF<sub>4</sub> and SF<sub>6</sub> on Earth', ''Geophysical Research Letters'', vol. 25 (1998), pp. 2401–2404</ref> amma rufin halitta kawai shine ta hanyar photolysis. a cikin mesosphere da babba stratosphere. <ref>Kovács, Tamás; Wuhu Feng; Totterdill, Anna; Plane, John M.C.; Dhomse, Sandip; Gómez-Martín, Juan Carlos; Stiller, Gabriele P.; Haenel, Florian J.; Smith, Christopher; Forster, Piers M.; García, Rolando R.; Marsh, Daniel R. and Chipperfield, Martyn P.; 'Determination of the atmospheric lifetime and global warming potential of sulfur hexafluoride using a three-dimensional model'</ref> An kiyasta cewa perfluorocarbons ( CF<nowiki></br></nowiki> CF, C<nowiki></br></nowiki> C F<nowiki></br></nowiki> C, C<nowiki></br></nowiki> C F<nowiki></br></nowiki> C ), wanda ya samo asali daga kasuwanci na samar da maganin kashe kwayoyin cutar, refrigerants, da polymers <ref name="Lemal"> {{Cite journal|url-status=1–11}}</ref> na iya zama a cikin yanayi tsakanin shekaru dubu biyu da dari shida da hamsin. Wannan yana nufin cewa irin waɗannan mahadi suna da babban [[Matsakaicin dumamar yanayi|yuwuwar ɗumamar yanayi]] . Ɗayan kilogiram na sulfur hexafluoride zai, alal misali, ya haifar da ɗumamar da yawa kamar tan 23 na carbon dioxide sama da shekaru 100. Perfluorocarbons suna kama da wannan, har ma da carbon tetrachloride ( CCl<nowiki></br></nowiki> CCl ) yana da damar dumamar yanayi na 1800 idan aka kwatanta da carbon dioxide. Waɗannan mahadi har yanzu suna da matsala sosai tare da ƙoƙarin neman maye gurbinsu. == Duba kuma == * Tasirin greenhouse * Greenhouse gas * Infrared astronomy * Tagan gani * Ragewar ozone * Tagan rediyo {{Reflist}} == Littattafai == *   == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/ir_tutorial/irwindows.html IR Atmospheric Window] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011101051/http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/ir_tutorial/irwindows.html |date=2018-10-11 }} Archived </link> [[Category:Rukuni change yanayi]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1rafqyuzujm80rsibyvv0uxt6dmnslm 0 60934 549618 525020 2024-12-01T18:40:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Akpanoluo Ikpong Ikpong Ette''' NNOM (23, Satumba 1929-17 Satumba, 2018) Farfesa ne a [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] kuma tsohon sakatare da kuma mataimakin shugaban [[Makarantar Kimiyya ta Najeriya|Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Najeriya]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://bulletin.ui.edu.ng/sites/default/files/4136%20%20%20%20%20OBITUARY%20%20%20%20Professor%20%20Akpanoluo%20Ikpong%20Ikpong%20Ette.pdf | title=OBITUARY Professor Akpanoluo Ikpong Ikpong Ette, FNIP, FSAN, FAS, NNOM (23 September, 1929 - 17 September, 2018) | work=Bulletin | publisher=University of Ibadan | date=12 November 2018 | accessdate=9 December 2019 | archive-date=24 January 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124223159/https://bulletin.ui.edu.ng/sites/default/files/4136%20%20%20%20%20OBITUARY%20%20%20%20Professor%20%20Akpanoluo%20Ikpong%20Ikpong%20Ette.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 1991, an zabe shi Shugaban Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Najeriya don ya gaji Farfesa [[Caleb Olaniyan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nas.org.ng/fellowship/members-of-council/ |title=Members of Council |work=Nigerian Academy of Science |accessdate=7 June 2015 |url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707061854/http://www.nas.org.ng/fellowship/members-of-council/ |archivedate=7 July 2015 }}</ref> A 2003, ya sami lambar yabo mafi girma na ilimi a Najeriya, lambar yabo ta National Order of Merit Award.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://business.highbeam.com/3548/article-1G1-94267426/two-academics-bag-2003-merit-award |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710001742/http://business.highbeam.com/3548/article-1G1-94267426/two-academics-bag-2003-merit-award |url-status=dead|archive-date=10 July 2015 |title=Two Academics Bag 2003 Merit Award |work=Business HighBeam |accessdate=9 June 2015}}</ref> == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Ette a garin Upenekang, kuma daga 1944 zuwa 1948 ya halarci makarantar horar da Hope Waddell, kafin ya karanci kimiyyar lissafi a Kwalejin Jami'a dake Ibadan a shekarar 1949, inda ya kammala karatunsa na BSc a shekarar 1954. Bayan ya koyar a cibiyar horar da Hope Waddell daga 1954 zuwa 1959, ya kammala karatun sa na PhD a [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] daga 1959 zuwa 1966 yayin da yake karantarwa a wannan jami'a. An nada shi Farfesa a shekarar 1972.<ref name=Obit1 /> Ette ya mutu a shekarar 2018.<ref name=Obit1>{{cite web | url=https://bulletin.ui.edu.ng/sites/default/files/4136%20%20%20%20%20OBITUARY%20%20%20%20Professor%20%20Akpanoluo%20Ikpong%20Ikpong%20Ette.pdf | title=OBITUARY Professor Akpanoluo Ikpong Ikpong Ette, FNIP, FSAN, FAS, NNOM (23 September, 1929 - 17 September, 2018) | work=Bulletin | publisher=University of Ibadan | date=12 November 2018 | accessdate=9 December 2019 | archive-date=24 January 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124223159/https://bulletin.ui.edu.ng/sites/default/files/4136%20%20%20%20%20OBITUARY%20%20%20%20Professor%20%20Akpanoluo%20Ikpong%20Ikpong%20Ette.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1929]] [[category:Maluman Najeriya]] a32q3660oyxbiay1104ejm6im375e49 0 62040 549980 331243 2024-12-02T04:38:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549980 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}{{stub}} '''Fabiano Parisi'''<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabiano_Parisi</ref> An haifi Fabiano Parisi a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 2000 ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Italiya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na hagu don ƙungiyar kwallon kafar Fiorentina<ref>https://www.transfermarkt.com/fabiano-parisi/profil/spieler/547985</ref> a serie<ref>https://www.flashscore.com.ng/player/parisi-fabiano/Ghafo5hk/</ref><ref>https://www.whoscored.com/Players/423918/Show/Fabiano-Parisi</ref> A ta Italiya.<ref>https://www.sofascore.com/player/fabiano-parisi/972886</ref><ref>https://www.flashscore.com.ng/player/parisi-fabiano/Ghafo5hk/</ref> == Aikin kulob == === Pro Irpinia da Vigor Perconti === Parisi ya fara buga kwallon kafa a Pro Irpina Club, wanda ke zaune a cikin garin yarinta, [[Serino]] . Sannan kulob din Roman na Vigor Perconti ya lura da shi, wanda Parisi ya taka leda a kakar 2016 – 17 na Allievi Élite na Lazio League, ya ci taken kuma ya kai Scudetto shida na ƙarshe. <ref>"PARISI E CARBONELLI RESTANO ALL'AVELLINO". ''Avellino YSport'' (in Italian). 17 July 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2020</ref> == Benevento == A cikin 2017 ya lura da shugaban sashin matasa na [[Benevento Calcio|Benevento]], [[Simone Puleo]], wanda ya kasance kyaftin mai tarihi na [[Amurka Avellino 1912|US Avellino]] . Parisi ya taka leda a [[Campionato Primavera 2]] yana tattara bayyanuwa 18, haka kuma 1 a [[Coppa Italia Primavera]] da 3 a [[Torneo di Viareggio]] . <ref>"Fabiano Parisi è un nuovo calciatore dell'Empoli" (Press release) (in Italian). Empoli F.C. 22 September 2020</ref> == Avellino == A lokacin rani na 2018, Parisi ya shiga [[Amurka Avellino 1912|Avellino]], biyo bayan cire kulob din daga [[Serie B]] da kuma sake farawa daga [[Serie D]], ya sanya hannu kan aro daga Benevento don kakar 2018-19. A cikin farko kakar, Parisi tattara 41 bayyanuwa tsakanin [[2018-19 Seria D|na yau da kullum kakar]], play-off da [[Jerin zakarun Serie D da ci gaba|Poule Scudetto Serie D]], ya juya ya zama yanke shawara a da dama matches, da kuma ƙarshe kasancewa instrumental a Avellino ake ciyar da baya zuwa [[Seri C|Serie C]] a kan farko kakar tambayar A jere an sanya shi dan wasa na dindindin a kakar wasa mai zuwa. A karkashin jagorancin [[Ezio Capuano]] a matsayin koci, ya burge a cikin wasanninsa, yana ba da taimako da zira kwallaye, da kuma zabar dan wasan kwallon kafa na kasa da shekaru 19 na rukunin C, wanda ya haifar da na bakwai tsakanin dukkanin kungiyoyin Seria C. <ref>"Fabiano Parisi is a Viola". ACF Fiorentina. 14 July 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2023</ref> == Empoli == A ranar 22 ga Satumba 2020, Parisi ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru uku tare da kulob din [[Serie B|Seria B]] [[Empoli FC|Empoli]] . A karshen kakar wasa ya lashe gasar tare da Tuscanians, don haka ya tabbatar da nasararsa na farko zuwa [[Serie A]] a cikin aikinsa. === Fiorentina === A kan 14 Yuli 2023, Parisi ya sanya hannu kan [[ACF Fiorentina|Fiorentina]] kan kwantiragin dindindin. <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.acffiorentina.com/en/news/all/news-men-first-team/2023-07-14/fabiano-parisi-is-a-viola|title=Fabiano Parisi is a Viola|publisher=ACF Fiorentina|date=14 July 2023|access-date=14 July 2023|archive-date=14 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230714154404/https://www.acffiorentina.com/en/news/all/news-men-first-team/2023-07-14/fabiano-parisi-is-a-viola|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == A cikin Nuwamba 2022, ya sami kiransa na farko zuwa [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Italiya|babban tawagar Italiya]] ta babban kocin [[Roberto Mancini]] don wasan sada zumunci da [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Austria|Austria]] . <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/austria-vs-italy/teams/478014|title=Austria vs Italy. International Match.|publisher=Sky Sports|date=20 November 2022|access-date=18 October 2023}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] [[category:Haifaffun 2000]] k4jmzi8lniiob7rtaegwa9hagzs7yui 0 62205 549927 409812 2024-12-02T00:24:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Clare Ezeakacha''' (an haifeta ranar 26 ga Mayu, 1985) [[Ɗan wasa|yar wasan kwaikwayo]] ce [[Ɗan Nijeriya|ta Najeriya]], furodusa, [[Darakta|darektan fina-finan]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]], mai watsa shirye-shirye kuma mai ba da shawara ga yara,<ref>{{cite web |title=Short Films Can Prevent Rape, Says Ezeakacha|url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/short-films-can-prevent-rape-says-ezeakacha/|website=newtelegraphng.com|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=22 January 2021}}</ref> wadda aka fi sani da fina-finanta ''Arima'' da ''Gone Gray''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Actress, Clare Ezeakacha Exposes ‘The Employee’|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/248790/actress-clare-ezeakacha-exposes-the-employee.html|website=thenigerianvoice.com|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=12 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Charming Nollywood Movie Producer, Clare Ezeakacha Celebrates Birthday With Darling Photos |url=https://diamondcelebrities.org/2017/05/26/charming-nollywood-movie-producer-clare-ezeakacha-celebrates-birthday-with-darling-photos/|website=diamondcelebrities.org|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=26 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=I Was Supposed to be a Reverend Sister…Nollywood Producer, Clare Ezeakacha |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/249858/i-was-supposed-to-be-a-reverend-sisternollywood-producer-c.html|website=thenigerianvoice.com|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=29 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=After 5years at The Convent, My Parents Were Asked to Take me Away…Producer, Clare Ezeakacha|url=https://www.nollywoodgists.com/news/46325/after-5years-at-the-convent-my-parents-were-asked-.html|website=nollywoodgists.com|access-date=9 August 2021 |date=4 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=ARIMA|url=https://worldfilmfair.com/film/arima|website=worldfilmfair.com|access-date=9 August 2021|date=20 July 2017|archive-date=9 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809181017/https://worldfilmfair.com/film/arima|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Clare Ezeakacha a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] amma ta ƴar asalin [[Anambra|jihar Anambra]] ta [[Najeriya]] ce. Ta tafi Charles Heery Memorial Junior da Sakandare don karatun matakin farko. Ezeakacha ta yi digirin farko (BSc) a fannin Computer Science daga Jami’ar Madonna, Elele da Difloma daga [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami’ar Najeriya ta Nsukka]]. == Sana'a == Clare ta fara aikinta a shekara ta 2011 a matsayin (on-air personality)<ref>{{cite web |title=Moviemaking, a whole new experience – Clare Ezeakacha |url=https://dailytrust.com/amp/moviemaking-a-whole-new-experience-clare-ezeakacha|website=dailytrust.com|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=4 May 2016}}</ref> A shekarar 2016, ta shiga harkar shirya fina-finai, ta kuma shirya tare da ba da umarni a fina-finan [[Nollywood|masana'antar nollywood]] da dama, da suka haɗa da: "Jack of All Trade", "Two Wrongs", "Arima" da "Smoke" wanda aka zaɓa don Gasar Gagarumin Gajeru na shekarar 2018 a Bikin Fina-Finan Afirka.<ref>{{cite web|title=final selection 2018|url=https://afriff.com/final-selection-2018/|website=afriff.com|access-date=7 August 2021|date=12 November 2018|archive-date=9 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809182512/https://afriff.com/final-selection-2018/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fina-finan da aka zaba (a matsayin darakta) == *'' Smoke'' (2018) *''Arima'' (2017) <ref>{{cite web |title=Arima |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7298372/|website=imdb.com|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=17 July 2017}}</ref> *'' Ordinary Fellow'' (2018) (Matemakiyar Mai bayar da umarni) == Fina-finan da aka zaɓa (a matsayin furodusa) == *'' Gone Grey'' (2016) <ref>{{cite web |title=Kidnappers Turn Against Their Leader After Kidnapping Millionaire|url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/76-behind-the-scene/36359-kidnappers-turn-against-their-leader-after-kidnapping-millionaire|website=nigeriafilms.com|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=2 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Xplore Reviews: Gone Grey|url=https://xplorenollywood.com/xplore-reviews-gone-grey/|website=xplorenollywood.com|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=1 July 2016}}</ref> *''Arima'' (2017) *'' The Employee'' (2017) *''Mystified'' (2017) (Matemakiyar mai shiryawa)<ref>{{cite web |title=Clare Ezeakacha|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9229615/?ref_=tt_ov_dr|website=imdb.com|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=5 September 2017}}</ref> *'' JOAT, Jack of All Trade'' (2017) <ref>{{cite web |title=Actor, Rotimi Salami is now Jack of all Trade ‘JOAT’|url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/31709/actor-rotimi-salami-is-now-jack-of-all-trade.html|website=modernghana.com|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=5 June 2017}}</ref> *'' Two Wrongs'' (2019) <ref>{{cite web |title=Two Wrongs|url=https://www.kinopoisk.ru/film/4496849/cast/|website=kinopoisk.ru|access-date=7 August 2021 |date=2 December 2019}}</ref> *'' Friends Only'' (2020) == Kyauta == {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Shekara ! Kyauta ! Iri ! Fim ! Sakamako |- ! scope="row" | 2018 | [[Africa International Film Festival]] | ''Best Short'' | Smoke <ref>{{cite web|title=AFRIFF 2018: 30 Nigerian films made it to final selection|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/afriff-2018-30-nigerian-films-made-it-to-final-selection/490z9w7|website=pulse.ng|access-date=7 August 2021|date=14 November 2018|archive-date=29 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029175321/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/afriff-2018-30-nigerian-films-made-it-to-final-selection/490z9w7|url-status=dead}}</ref> | {{nominated}} |- |} == Duba kuma == * Jerin masu shirya fina-finan Najeriya ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|2}} ==Hanyoyin haɗi na waje== *{{IMDb name|id=9229615|name=Clare Ezeakacha}} * [https://omalivingshow.com/2020/12/04/clare-ezeakacha-wins-the-oma-living-show-unsung-heroes-award-2020-in-the-regional-spirit-category/ CLARE EZEAKACHA WINS THE OMA LIVING SHOW UNSUNG HEROES AWARD 2020 IN THE REGIONAL SPIRIT CATEGORY] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103055827/https://omalivingshow.com/2020/12/04/clare-ezeakacha-wins-the-oma-living-show-unsung-heroes-award-2020-in-the-regional-spirit-category/ |date=2023-11-03 }} *[https://www.hbeonline.com/single-post/clare-ezeakacha-nigeria-speaking-up Clare Ezeakacha | Nigeria | Speaking Up] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Haihuwan 1986]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 4yn2ct9sc04k5japd84mnrwc0gkxb6u 0 62700 550430 406431 2024-12-02T11:41:27Z Smshika 14840 550430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gbemiga Ogunleye,''' lauya ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|dan Najeriya]], ɗan jarida, masanin harkokin yaɗa labarai, kuma tsohon shugaba na [[Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Jarida|Cibiyar Jarida ta Najeriya]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theeagleonline.com.ng/nij-appoints-ogunleye-johnson-as-provost-deputy-provost/|title=NIJ appoints Ogunleye, Johnson as Provost, Deputy Provost|work=The Eagle Online - The Nigerian Online Newspaper|accessdate=6 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsnowafrica.com/tag/nigerian-institute-of-journalism/|title=NIGERIAN INSTITUTE OF JOURNALISM - NEWS NOW AFRICA|work=newsnowafrica.com|accessdate=6 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412101015/http://newsnowafrica.com/tag/nigerian-institute-of-journalism/|archive-date=12 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ilimi == Ya samu digirin farko a fannin shari’a daga [[Jami'ar Lagos|Jami’ar Jihar Legas]], sannan ya yi digiri na biyu a fannin yaɗa labarai da sadarwa daga [[Jami'ar Pan Atlantic|Jami’ar Pan-Atlantic]] amma ya samu shaidar kammala Diploma a aikin jarida.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theelitesng.com/nij-sacks-provost-elisabeth-ikem-ogunleye-johnson-named-new-provost-deputy-provost/|title=sacks provost,elisabeth ikem Ogunleye Johnson named new provost and deputy provost|work=theelitesng.com|accessdate=6 April 2015}}</ref> Ya kuma sami digiri na farko a fannin fasaha (BA) a fannin ilimin harsuna daga [[Jami'ar Benin]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/literary-punch/ogunleye-becomes-nij-provost/ |title=Ogunleye becomes NIJ provost |work=The Punch - Nigeria's Most Widely Read Newspaper |accessdate=6 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318131917/http://www.punchng.com/feature/literary-punch/ogunleye-becomes-nij-provost/ |archivedate=18 March 2015 }}</ref> == Sana'a == Ogunleye shi ne Shugaban Sadarwa na Kamfanin [[Arik Air]], wani kamfanin jirgin sama na Najeriya da ke gudanar da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na cikin gida, yanki da na waje.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://proshareng.com/news/1889|title=EFCC Probes Arik Air Ownership Structure, Funding|work=proshareng.com|accessdate=6 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.savidnews.com/council-of-nigerian-institute-of-journalism-appoints-new-officers/|title=Council of Nigerian Institute of Journalism appoints new officers – Savid News, Sports, Politics|work=savidnews.com|accessdate=6 April 2015}}</ref> Ya kuma kasance mataimakin babban editan jaridar ''The Punch'', jaridar Daily Nigerian.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dameawards.com/dame20thphoto.htm|title=DAME Awards|work=dameawards.com|accessdate=6 April 2015|archive-date=25 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825002902/http://dameawards.com/dame20thphoto.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kafin naɗa shi a matsayin shugaban [[Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Jarida|Cibiyar Jarida ta Najeriya]] don maye gurbin Dr. Elizabeth Ikem, ya kasance darektan Labarai da al'amuran yau da kullun a [[TVC News]], kasar Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/new/nij-gets-new-provost-deputy/|title=NIJ gets new provost, deputy - The Nation|work=The Nation|accessdate=6 April 2015}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[category:Haifaffun 1959]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Yan jaridar Najeriya]] r030gaxgktddhct9rnk7ecbr16qzolf 0 62902 549678 426403 2024-12-01T19:18:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:2019-06_Drone_picture_Af_2.jpg|thumb| Gina sabuwar cibiyar]] '''Alliance Française of [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]]''' ( [[Faransanci]] : l'Alliance Française de Lagos) wata cibiya ce mai zaman kanta ta a kasar Najeriya a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], wacce ''ƙungiyar Française ta Paris'' ta amince da dokokinta. Cibiyar tana da hannu tare da horarwa da ilmantar da ƴan kasar Najeriya, musamman ma ƴan Legas a cikin [[Faransanci|harshen Faransanci]] da kuma gudanar da al'adu. == Tarihi == An kafa Cibiyar a shekaran 1959.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ajntAAAAMAAJ&q=alliance+francaise+lagos+established+year+history|title=The Mobilizer|volume=4|number=6|author=((Ministry of Home Affairs, Information, and Culture))|publisher=Borno State Orientation Movement (Indiana University)|year=1991}}</ref><ref name="Afrique">{{cite web|url=http://www.afriqueinvisu.org/alliance-francaise-de-lagos,322.html|website=Afrique in Visu|language=French|title=Alliance Française de Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=July 29, 2015|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072713/http://www.afriqueinvisu.org/alliance-francaise-de-lagos,322.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kimanin ɗalibai 4,000 ne ke yin rajista kowace shekara a Cibiyar don shirye-shiryensu. Cibiyar na da sassan/reshina guda goma a wasu sassan Najeriya da suka haɗa da Enugu, Ibadan, Ilorin, Jos, Kano, Kaduna, Lagos, Maiduguri, Owerri da Fatakwal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.institutfrancais-nigeria.com/the-french-cultural-network-in-nigeria/|website=Institute francaise|title=The French cultural network in Nigeria|accessdate=July 29, 2015|archive-date=August 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150815202551/http://www.institutfrancais-nigeria.com/the-french-cultural-network-in-nigeria/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Af Legas na ɗaya daga cikin manyan kawance a [[Afirka]]. A matsayin ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Duniya, yana aiki tare da gidauniyar Foundation des Alliances Françaises a [[Faris|Paris]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=omL5460steUC&dq=Alliance+Francaise+French+Center+Lagos+Nigeria&pg=PA144|title=Alliance Française (French Cultural Center) |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides, 2012|isbn=9781841623979|author=Lizzie Williams|author2=Mark Shenley|year=2012 }}</ref> A matsayinsa na ma'aikacin da ke jagorantar haɓaka harshen Faransanci da al'adun Faransanci, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Faransa tana tallafawa. Cibiyar Alliance Française de Lagos tana [[Ikoyi]] kafin ta koma [[Yaba, Lagos|Yaba]] a cikin shekarun 1990s. == Sabuwar Alliance Française de Lagos, Mike Adenuga Center == [[File:2019-07_Pic_Alliance.jpg|thumb| Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun gine-gine a Legas, hade da wani tsohon Villa da gini na zamani]] Mazaunin cibiyar ya koma daga Yaba zuwa Ikoyi a shekaran 2019, Dr [[Mike Adenuga]] shine wanda ya yanke shawarar gina sabuwar cibiyar al'adu da harshe. Shugaban Faransa [[Emmanuel Macron]] ya ƙaddamar da kashi na farko na aikin a ziyarar da ya kai Legas cikin nasara a watan Yulin shekarar 2018 kuma an buɗe cibiyar gadan-gadan a watan Mayun shekarar 2019. Aikin, wanda Baron Architecture ne ya zana, sai ɗiyar mai ɗaukar nauyin kanta, Ms [[Bella Disu]] da darektan Alliance Française de Lagos, Charles Courdent. Ana la'akari da shi a matsayin ƙwararren gine-gine, ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun gine-gine a Legas, da Cibiyar al'adu ta musamman, gami da ɗakin taro, ɗakin karatu, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wasan amphitheater na waje da sauransu. [[Éric Kayser]], "franchise" (bafaranshe) na da gidan cin abinci na Faransa da gidan burodi, wanda ana iya samu a Mike Adenuga Center. [[File:Restaurant_Eric_Kayser.jpg|thumb| Gidan cin abinci, Eric Kayser]] Af Legas na da reshe na biyu a yankin Ikeja, saboda haɗin gwiwa da [[Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Jihar Legas]]. == Abubuwan Al'adu == Alliance Française de Lagos tana gudanar da manyan bukukuwa da bukukuwa (raye-raye, cinema, daukar hoto - LagosPhoto -, adabi - Ake -, kiɗa, wasan kwaikwayo da sauransu) tun lokacin da aka buɗe ta a shekaran 2019. <gallery> File:Cinema Af Lagos.jpg|thumb|Auditorium File:Terrace de l'Alliance.jpg|thumb </gallery> == Duba kuma == * Faransa Alliance ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} ==Hanyoyin haɗi na waje== * [http://www.afnigeria.org Alliance Française de Lagos Official website] {{Commonscat}} 8fh2h0odo1lda9k55mvkljhg12q0d4o 0 63149 549642 500883 2024-12-01T18:53:45Z A Salisu 14655 549642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Chris Schwarz and Meredith Schwarz.jpg|thumb|Jessamyn West (ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu)]] [[Fayil:Jessamyn West, librarian (2012).jpg|thumb|Jessamyn]] '''Jessamyn Charity West''' (an haife shi a watan Satumba 5,1968) ƙwararriyar fasahar ɗakin karatu ce kuma marubuciyar Amurka wacce aka sani don fafutuka da aiki akan rarrabuwar dijital.Ita ce mahaliccin librarian.net.Ita ce mashawarcin Babi na Vermont na Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amirka,kuma ta kasance Daraktan Ayyuka a babban rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter daga shekara ta 2005 zuwa 2014.Yamma sun mallaki MetaFilter.<ref>Ethan Zuckerman interviews Jessamyn West. “[https://publicinfrastructure.org/podcast/jessamyn-west-part-1/ Why Does a Librarian Own a Social Media Site That’s Been Around for Longer Than Facebook?]” ''Reimagining The Internet at the Initiative for Digital Public Infrastructure.''September 7, 2022.</ref><ref>Calabro, Tim, 2022. [https://www.ourherald.com/articles/piece-of-web-history-finds-home-in-randolph/ “Piece of Web History Finds Home in Randolph; West Becomes Owner of Early Social Media Site MetaFilter”] ''The Herald'' (September 15).</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Yamma ta girma a [[Massachusetts]],inda mahaifinta, injiniyan kwamfuta Tom West,ya yi aiki ga RCA da Janar Data . Shi ne babban adadi a cikin littafin 1981 Tracy Kidder ''The Soul of a New Machine'' .Mahaifiyarta,Elizabeth( née Cohon),ƙanwar ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ce Peter Coyote. Za a iya sanya mata suna bayan marubucin Jessamyn West (bisa ga iyayenta,"daidaituwa"),kuma tun tana yarinya tana yin rubutu da ita.<ref name="FAQ" /> [[Fayil:Jessamyn west at desk.jpg|thumb|'''Jessamyn Charity West''']] Ta yi karatun digiri a Kwalejin Hampshire a Amherst.Ta kammala aikin digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Washington don digiri na Master of Librarianship,kuma ta koma [[Vermont]] a 2003.<ref name="Hanson">{{cite news|url=http://www.vnews.com/02032007/3753907.htm|title='Everybody's interesting'|author=Alex Hanson|date=February 3, 2007|publisher=[[Valley News]]|access-date=2008-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209090813/http://www.vnews.com/02032007/3753907.htm|archive-date=2007-02-09}}</ref> == Sana'a == A cikin 1995,West ya tafi Cluj-Napoca a [[Romainiya|Romania]],inda ta gudanar da ɗakin karatu don Dandalin 'Yanci. Yamma yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na ɗakin karatu mai zaman kansa,musamman a Orange County, Vermont,yana mai da hankali kan taimakawa ɗakunan karatu da fasaha.Ta daidaita rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter,ta yi ritaya a matsayin Daraktan Ayyuka a 2014.Ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙwaƙƙwaran amsa tambayoyi a cikin Tambayi MetaFilter.Ita ma mai aiki [[Al'ummar Wikipedia|Wikipedian]] ce, tana aiki musamman akan batutuwan Vermont da laburare.A watan Yunin 2011 ta shiga Hukumar Shawarar [[Wikimedia Foundation|Gidauniyar Wikimedia]] .Ta yi aiki da teburan bayanai a Burning Man da zanga-zangar WTO na 1999,kuma ta tallafawa da kiyaye aikin Buɗaɗɗen Laburbura na Taskar Intanet . [[Fayil:Jessamyn West - July 23, 2014.jpg|thumb|'''Jessamyn Charity West''']] West a taƙaice ya sanya hannu a matsayin mai bincike don Amsoshi na Google,yana rubuta game da kwarewarta don jarida ''mai bincike'' .Ta yi murabus ne bayan ta gano cewa ta yiwu ta karya kwangilar ta ta rubuta game da hidimar.Ta yi imanin cewa "kudin kuɗi" ya ɓata dangantaka tsakanin mai bincike da mabukaci na bayanai,kuma ya taka rawa a cikin mutuwar sabis ɗin daga baya. A cikin 2002,''Mujallar Laburare'' ta ba ta suna "mai motsi da girgiza" na duniyar ɗakin karatu.Ana ɗaukar West a matsayin "mai yin ra'ayi" a cikin sana'a kuma yana gabatarwa akai-akai a taro.A cikin 2019 ta ba da Lacca na 30th Alice G. Smith don Makarantar Bayani a Jami'ar Kudancin Florida a Tampa a ɗakin karatu na jama'a na Robert W. Saunders Sr. mai taken,"Adalcin zamantakewa batu ne na ɗakin karatu; ɗakin karatu shine batun adalci na zamantakewa. ". Ta magance ƙalubalen da mutane ke fuskanta a yankunan karkara akan faifan bidiyo ''na Takeaway'' a cikin Satumba 2019, "Yadda Laburaren Ke Haɗa Rarraba Dijital". Ita ce mai bayyana kanta anti-capitalist. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1968]] [[Category:Articles with hAudio microformats]] nui1saok030ybi83gufkhpxie9benv6 549643 549642 2024-12-01T18:54:06Z A Salisu 14655 549643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Chris Schwarz and Meredith Schwarz.jpg|thumb|Jessamyn West (ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu)]] [[Fayil:Jessamyn West, librarian (2012).jpg|thumb|Jessamyn]] '''Jessamyn Charity West''' (an haife shi a watan Satumba 5,1968) ƙwararriyar fasahar ɗakin karatu ce kuma marubuciyar Amurka wacce aka sani don fafutuka da aiki akan rarrabuwar dijital.Ita ce mahaliccin librarian.net.Ita ce mashawarcin Babi na Vermont na Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amirka,kuma ta kasance Daraktan Ayyuka a babban rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter daga shekara ta 2005 zuwa 2014.Yamma sun mallaki MetaFilter.<ref>Ethan Zuckerman interviews Jessamyn West. “[https://publicinfrastructure.org/podcast/jessamyn-west-part-1/ Why Does a Librarian Own a Social Media Site That’s Been Around for Longer Than Facebook?]” ''Reimagining The Internet at the Initiative for Digital Public Infrastructure.''September 7, 2022.</ref><ref>Calabro, Tim, 2022. [https://www.ourherald.com/articles/piece-of-web-history-finds-home-in-randolph/ “Piece of Web History Finds Home in Randolph; West Becomes Owner of Early Social Media Site MetaFilter”] ''The Herald'' (September 15).</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Yamma ta girma a [[Massachusetts]],inda mahaifinta, injiniyan kwamfuta Tom West,ya yi aiki ga RCA da Janar Data . Shi ne babban adadi a cikin littafin 1981 Tracy Kidder ''The Soul of a New Machine'' .Mahaifiyarta,Elizabeth( née Cohon),ƙanwar ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ce Peter Coyote. Za a iya sanya mata suna bayan marubucin Jessamyn West (bisa ga iyayenta,"daidaituwa"),kuma tun tana yarinya tana yin rubutu da ita.<ref name="FAQ" /> [[Fayil:Jessamyn west at desk.jpg|thumb|'''Jessamyn Charity West''']] Ta yi karatun digiri a Kwalejin Hampshire a Amherst.Ta kammala aikin digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Washington don digiri na Master of Librarianship,kuma ta koma [[Vermont]] a 2003.<ref name="Hanson">{{cite news|url=http://www.vnews.com/02032007/3753907.htm|title='Everybody's interesting'|author=Alex Hanson|date=February 3, 2007|publisher=[[Valley News]]|access-date=2008-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209090813/http://www.vnews.com/02032007/3753907.htm|archive-date=2007-02-09}}</ref> == Sana'a == A cikin shekara ta 1995,West ya tafi Cluj-Napoca a [[Romainiya|Romania]],inda ta gudanar da ɗakin karatu don Dandalin 'Yanci. Yamma yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na ɗakin karatu mai zaman kansa,musamman a Orange County, Vermont,yana mai da hankali kan taimakawa ɗakunan karatu da fasaha.Ta daidaita rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter,ta yi ritaya a matsayin Daraktan Ayyuka a 2014.Ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙwaƙƙwaran amsa tambayoyi a cikin Tambayi MetaFilter.Ita ma mai aiki [[Al'ummar Wikipedia|Wikipedian]] ce, tana aiki musamman akan batutuwan Vermont da laburare.A watan Yunin 2011 ta shiga Hukumar Shawarar [[Wikimedia Foundation|Gidauniyar Wikimedia]] .Ta yi aiki da teburan bayanai a Burning Man da zanga-zangar WTO na 1999,kuma ta tallafawa da kiyaye aikin Buɗaɗɗen Laburbura na Taskar Intanet . [[Fayil:Jessamyn West - July 23, 2014.jpg|thumb|'''Jessamyn Charity West''']] West a taƙaice ya sanya hannu a matsayin mai bincike don Amsoshi na Google,yana rubuta game da kwarewarta don jarida ''mai bincike'' .Ta yi murabus ne bayan ta gano cewa ta yiwu ta karya kwangilar ta ta rubuta game da hidimar.Ta yi imanin cewa "kudin kuɗi" ya ɓata dangantaka tsakanin mai bincike da mabukaci na bayanai,kuma ya taka rawa a cikin mutuwar sabis ɗin daga baya. A cikin 2002,''Mujallar Laburare'' ta ba ta suna "mai motsi da girgiza" na duniyar ɗakin karatu.Ana ɗaukar West a matsayin "mai yin ra'ayi" a cikin sana'a kuma yana gabatarwa akai-akai a taro.A cikin 2019 ta ba da Lacca na 30th Alice G. Smith don Makarantar Bayani a Jami'ar Kudancin Florida a Tampa a ɗakin karatu na jama'a na Robert W. Saunders Sr. mai taken,"Adalcin zamantakewa batu ne na ɗakin karatu; ɗakin karatu shine batun adalci na zamantakewa. ". Ta magance ƙalubalen da mutane ke fuskanta a yankunan karkara akan faifan bidiyo ''na Takeaway'' a cikin Satumba 2019, "Yadda Laburaren Ke Haɗa Rarraba Dijital". Ita ce mai bayyana kanta anti-capitalist. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1968]] [[Category:Articles with hAudio microformats]] cr3i5kb3w6pv3t24mk3bebfqayc69g1 549645 549643 2024-12-01T18:54:29Z A Salisu 14655 549645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Chris Schwarz and Meredith Schwarz.jpg|thumb|Jessamyn West (ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu)]] [[Fayil:Jessamyn West, librarian (2012).jpg|thumb|Jessamyn]] '''Jessamyn Charity West''' (an haife shi a watan Satumba 5,1968) ƙwararriyar fasahar ɗakin karatu ce kuma marubuciyar Amurka wacce aka sani don fafutuka da aiki akan rarrabuwar dijital.Ita ce mahaliccin librarian.net.Ita ce mashawarcin Babi na Vermont na Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amirka,kuma ta kasance Daraktan Ayyuka a babban rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter daga shekara ta 2005 zuwa 2014.Yamma sun mallaki MetaFilter.<ref>Ethan Zuckerman interviews Jessamyn West. “[https://publicinfrastructure.org/podcast/jessamyn-west-part-1/ Why Does a Librarian Own a Social Media Site That’s Been Around for Longer Than Facebook?]” ''Reimagining The Internet at the Initiative for Digital Public Infrastructure.''September 7, 2022.</ref><ref>Calabro, Tim, 2022. [https://www.ourherald.com/articles/piece-of-web-history-finds-home-in-randolph/ “Piece of Web History Finds Home in Randolph; West Becomes Owner of Early Social Media Site MetaFilter”] ''The Herald'' (September 15).</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Yamma ta girma a [[Massachusetts]],inda mahaifinta, injiniyan kwamfuta Tom West,ya yi aiki ga RCA da Janar Data . Shi ne babban adadi a cikin littafin 1981 Tracy Kidder ''The Soul of a New Machine'' .Mahaifiyarta,Elizabeth( née Cohon),ƙanwar ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ce Peter Coyote. Za a iya sanya mata suna bayan marubucin Jessamyn West (bisa ga iyayenta,"daidaituwa"),kuma tun tana yarinya tana yin rubutu da ita.<ref name="FAQ" /> [[Fayil:Jessamyn west at desk.jpg|thumb|'''Jessamyn Charity West''']] Ta yi karatun digiri a Kwalejin Hampshire a Amherst.Ta kammala aikin digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Washington don digiri na Master of Librarianship,kuma ta koma [[Vermont]] a 2003.<ref name="Hanson">{{cite news|url=http://www.vnews.com/02032007/3753907.htm|title='Everybody's interesting'|author=Alex Hanson|date=February 3, 2007|publisher=[[Valley News]]|access-date=2008-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209090813/http://www.vnews.com/02032007/3753907.htm|archive-date=2007-02-09}}</ref> == Sana'a == A cikin shekara ta 1995,West ya tafi Cluj-Napoca a [[Romainiya|Romania]],inda ta gudanar da ɗakin karatu don Dandalin 'Yanci. Yamma yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na ɗakin karatu mai zaman kansa,musamman a Orange County, Vermont,yana mai da hankali kan taimakawa ɗakunan karatu da fasaha.Ta daidaita rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter,ta yi ritaya a matsayin Daraktan Ayyuka a 2014.Ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙwaƙƙwaran amsa tambayoyi a cikin Tambayi MetaFilter.Ita ma mai aiki [[Al'ummar Wikipedia|Wikipedian]] ce, tana aiki musamman akan batutuwan Vermont da laburare.A watan Yunin 2011 ta shiga Hukumar Shawarar [[Wikimedia Foundation|Gidauniyar Wikimedia]] .Ta yi aiki da teburan bayanai a Burning Man da zanga-zangar WTO na shekara ta 1999,kuma ta tallafawa da kiyaye aikin Buɗaɗɗen Laburbura na Taskar Intanet . [[Fayil:Jessamyn West - July 23, 2014.jpg|thumb|'''Jessamyn Charity West''']] West a taƙaice ya sanya hannu a matsayin mai bincike don Amsoshi na Google,yana rubuta game da kwarewarta don jarida ''mai bincike'' .Ta yi murabus ne bayan ta gano cewa ta yiwu ta karya kwangilar ta ta rubuta game da hidimar.Ta yi imanin cewa "kudin kuɗi" ya ɓata dangantaka tsakanin mai bincike da mabukaci na bayanai,kuma ya taka rawa a cikin mutuwar sabis ɗin daga baya. A cikin 2002,''Mujallar Laburare'' ta ba ta suna "mai motsi da girgiza" na duniyar ɗakin karatu.Ana ɗaukar West a matsayin "mai yin ra'ayi" a cikin sana'a kuma yana gabatarwa akai-akai a taro.A cikin 2019 ta ba da Lacca na 30th Alice G. Smith don Makarantar Bayani a Jami'ar Kudancin Florida a Tampa a ɗakin karatu na jama'a na Robert W. Saunders Sr. mai taken,"Adalcin zamantakewa batu ne na ɗakin karatu; ɗakin karatu shine batun adalci na zamantakewa. ". Ta magance ƙalubalen da mutane ke fuskanta a yankunan karkara akan faifan bidiyo ''na Takeaway'' a cikin Satumba 2019, "Yadda Laburaren Ke Haɗa Rarraba Dijital". Ita ce mai bayyana kanta anti-capitalist. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1968]] [[Category:Articles with hAudio microformats]] laggg1v10z1cjfc7z1ney1aghmicyab 549646 549645 2024-12-01T18:54:40Z A Salisu 14655 549646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Chris Schwarz and Meredith Schwarz.jpg|thumb|Jessamyn West (ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu)]] [[Fayil:Jessamyn West, librarian (2012).jpg|thumb|Jessamyn]] '''Jessamyn Charity West''' (an haife shi a watan Satumba 5,1968) ƙwararriyar fasahar ɗakin karatu ce kuma marubuciyar Amurka wacce aka sani don fafutuka da aiki akan rarrabuwar dijital.Ita ce mahaliccin librarian.net.Ita ce mashawarcin Babi na Vermont na Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amirka,kuma ta kasance Daraktan Ayyuka a babban rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter daga shekara ta 2005 zuwa 2014.Yamma sun mallaki MetaFilter.<ref>Ethan Zuckerman interviews Jessamyn West. “[https://publicinfrastructure.org/podcast/jessamyn-west-part-1/ Why Does a Librarian Own a Social Media Site That’s Been Around for Longer Than Facebook?]” ''Reimagining The Internet at the Initiative for Digital Public Infrastructure.''September 7, 2022.</ref><ref>Calabro, Tim, 2022. [https://www.ourherald.com/articles/piece-of-web-history-finds-home-in-randolph/ “Piece of Web History Finds Home in Randolph; West Becomes Owner of Early Social Media Site MetaFilter”] ''The Herald'' (September 15).</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Yamma ta girma a [[Massachusetts]],inda mahaifinta, injiniyan kwamfuta Tom West,ya yi aiki ga RCA da Janar Data . Shi ne babban adadi a cikin littafin 1981 Tracy Kidder ''The Soul of a New Machine'' .Mahaifiyarta,Elizabeth( née Cohon),ƙanwar ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ce Peter Coyote. Za a iya sanya mata suna bayan marubucin Jessamyn West (bisa ga iyayenta,"daidaituwa"),kuma tun tana yarinya tana yin rubutu da ita.<ref name="FAQ" /> [[Fayil:Jessamyn west at desk.jpg|thumb|'''Jessamyn Charity West''']] Ta yi karatun digiri a Kwalejin Hampshire a Amherst.Ta kammala aikin digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Washington don digiri na Master of Librarianship,kuma ta koma [[Vermont]] a 2003.<ref name="Hanson">{{cite news|url=http://www.vnews.com/02032007/3753907.htm|title='Everybody's interesting'|author=Alex Hanson|date=February 3, 2007|publisher=[[Valley News]]|access-date=2008-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209090813/http://www.vnews.com/02032007/3753907.htm|archive-date=2007-02-09}}</ref> == Sana'a == A cikin shekara ta 1995,West ya tafi Cluj-Napoca a [[Romainiya|Romania]],inda ta gudanar da ɗakin karatu don Dandalin 'Yanci. Yamma yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na ɗakin karatu mai zaman kansa,musamman a Orange County, Vermont,yana mai da hankali kan taimakawa ɗakunan karatu da fasaha.Ta daidaita rukunin yanar gizon MetaFilter,ta yi ritaya a matsayin Daraktan Ayyuka a 2014.Ta ci gaba da kasancewa ƙwaƙƙwaran amsa tambayoyi a cikin Tambayi MetaFilter.Ita ma mai aiki [[Al'ummar Wikipedia|Wikipedian]] ce, tana aiki musamman akan batutuwan Vermont da laburare.A watan Yunin 2011 ta shiga Hukumar Shawarar [[Wikimedia Foundation|Gidauniyar Wikimedia]] .Ta yi aiki da teburan bayanai a Burning Man da zanga-zangar WTO na shekara ta 1999,kuma ta tallafawa da kiyaye aikin Buɗaɗɗen Laburbura na Taskar Intanet . [[Fayil:Jessamyn West - July 23, 2014.jpg|thumb|'''Jessamyn Charity West''']] West a taƙaice ya sanya hannu a matsayin mai bincike don Amsoshi na Google,yana rubuta game da kwarewarta don jarida ''mai bincike'' .Ta yi murabus ne bayan ta gano cewa ta yiwu ta karya kwangilar ta ta rubuta game da hidimar.Ta yi imanin cewa "kudin kuɗi" ya ɓata dangantaka tsakanin mai bincike da mabukaci na bayanai,kuma ya taka rawa a cikin mutuwar sabis ɗin daga baya. A cikin shekara ta 2002,''Mujallar Laburare'' ta ba ta suna "mai motsi da girgiza" na duniyar ɗakin karatu.Ana ɗaukar West a matsayin "mai yin ra'ayi" a cikin sana'a kuma yana gabatarwa akai-akai a taro.A cikin 2019 ta ba da Lacca na 30th Alice G. Smith don Makarantar Bayani a Jami'ar Kudancin Florida a Tampa a ɗakin karatu na jama'a na Robert W. Saunders Sr. mai taken,"Adalcin zamantakewa batu ne na ɗakin karatu; ɗakin karatu shine batun adalci na zamantakewa. ". Ta magance ƙalubalen da mutane ke fuskanta a yankunan karkara akan faifan bidiyo ''na Takeaway'' a cikin Satumba 2019, "Yadda Laburaren Ke Haɗa Rarraba Dijital". Ita ce mai bayyana kanta anti-capitalist. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1968]] [[Category:Articles with hAudio microformats]] lmwnc71t58z9rh9ox1kmb0p4j48w0vc 0 63917 549523 469458 2024-12-01T16:30:38Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Edwina_Whitney,_Librarian,_University_of_Connecticut,_1916.png |thumb| Edwina Maud Whitney]] [[Fayil:Edwina Whitney, Librarian, University of Connecticut, 1916.png|thumb|Edwina Whitney]] '''Edwina Maud Whitney''' (Fabrairu 26,1868 - Satumba 3,1970)ma'aikaciyar laburare ce Ba'amurke kuma [[malami]] wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan laburare a Kwalejin Aikin Noma na Connecticut (daga baya Jami'ar Connecticut ) daga 1900 zuwa 1934.Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin malamin Jamus daga 1901 zuwa 1926 kuma mataimakiyar farfesa a Jamus daga 1926 zuwa 1934. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == A cikin 1866,shekaru biyu kafin haihuwar Edwina,iyayenta,Edwin da Minerva Whitney, sun kafa Gidan Marayu na Connecticut Soldiers' Home a Storrs,Connecticut. Fiye da shekaru tara,gidan ya tattara kuma ya koyar da yara maza da mata sama da 150 waɗanda yakin basasar Amurka ya zama marayu. Babban ginin gidan marayun an san shi da Whitney Hall ko "Tsohuwar Whitney."Gidan marayu ya rufe a 1875 kuma an sayar dashi a 1878 ga maƙwabcin,Augustus Storrs.A cikin 1881,Storrs ya ba da gudummawar gine-gine da kadada hamsin ga Jihar Connecticut don kafa Kwalejin Aikin Noma na Storrs. Don haka Whitney Hall ya zama ginin harabar farko na UConn.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=6–7}}</ref> An haifi Edwina Whitney a cikin gidan Whitney,wani farin gida wanda har yanzu yana nan,akan Hanyar 195 a Storrs,[[Connecticut]],a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu,1868. Mahaifinta ya rasu watanni kadan kafin a haife ta,ya bar mahaifiyarta tana gudanar da gidan marayu tare da renon diyarta.Edwina ya halarci makarantar sakandare a Storrs tare da gwamnan Connecticut Wilbur Lucius Cross na gaba. Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Middletown da Seminary ta Northfield kuma ta sami digiri na Falsafa daga Kwalejin Oberlin a 1894. Whitney ya koyar da Jamusanci da Ingilishi a Kwalejin Milwaukee da ke [[Wisconsin]] na tsawon shekara guda kafin ya koma Connecticut don koyarwa a makarantar sakandare ta Windsor na tsawon shekaru hudu. A cikin 1900, ta kammala karatun kimiyyar ɗakin karatu a Kwalejin Amherst,tana karatu a ƙarƙashin William I.Fletcher. Daga baya ta halarci darussan bazara a Jami'ar Columbia. == Sana'a da hidima == A cikin faɗuwar shekara ta 1900, Kwalejin Aikin Noma na Connecticut ta ɗauki hayar Whitney don sarrafa ɗakin karatu da kantin sayar da littattafai,sannan ta ƙunshi dakuna biyu masu ƙunci a Old Whitney Hall. Ta gaji Jessie Spencer Bowen,wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin ma’aikacin laburare na kwalejin tun 1897 kuma ta yi murabus lokacin da ta yi aure.Laburaren yana riƙe juzu'i 8,127 kawai a lokacin. <ref>"[[hdl:2027/uc1.b2948758|Annual Report of the Trustees of the Connecticut Agricultural College]]," 1900, pp. 12–14. Accessed 2020-07-15 via [[HathiTrust]]</ref> <ref>"[[hdl:2027/uc1.b2948757|Annual Report of the Trustees of the Storrs Agricultural College]]," 1897, p. 11. Accessed 2020-07-15 via [[HathiTrust]]</ref> Ba ta da sarari,wutar lantarki,da kuma kasafin kuɗin ci gaba mai kyau na tarawa,kodayake yanayin ya inganta a ƙarƙashin shugabannin Charles L.Beach da George A.Works . Whitney ita ce mai kula da gidanta,wanda ya ƙunshi mahaifiyarta (wacce ta mutu a shekara ta 1927 tana da shekara 91)da abokiyar zamanta kuma mai kula da gida,Pearl Fisher (wanda ya mutu a 1955).An yi hayar a $500 a shekara,albashin Whitney ya haura zuwa $2,000 ta 1920 kuma ya kai $2,800 a 1929. Mai aiki a kwalejin da al'umma,Whitney ta kafa kungiyar Mata ta kwaleji a 1903 kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabanta na tsawon shekaru shida.Ta kasance cikin babin Mansfield na Jihar Connecticut daga 1901 zuwa 1940 kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare har zuwa 1903.Ta kasance memba na Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Amurka da Ƙungiyar Laburare ta Connecticut kuma tana halartar taronsu na shekara-shekara akai-akai. A ranar 21 ga Maris, 1934,shugaban kwalejin Charles C.McCracken ya bukace ta da ta yi ritaya,wanda ta yi tasiri a ranar 1 ga Yuli.Ta sami yabo da yawa a lokacin ritaya.Jami'ar ta zartar da shawarwarin bikin hidimarta na shekaru talatin da hudu,kuma kwalejin ta ba ta matsayin ma'aikacin laburare na farko da digiri na girmamawa na Jagora na Wasika - digirin girmamawa daya tilo da aka baiwa ma'aikata a karni na farko na kasancewar cibiyar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|url-status=4}}</ref>An sadaukar da fitowar ta ranar 29 ga Mayu,1934 na ''Harabar Connecticut''.Tare da shekaru talatin da huɗu na hidima,ita ce shugabar ɗakin karatu mafi dadewa a tarihin cibiyar (wanda ya zo na biyu, John P. McDonald,ya yi aiki shekaru ashirin). Bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwarta na ɗari a 1968 ya samu halartar shugaban UConn Homer D.Babbidge da provost emeritus Albert E.Waugh,wanda ya ba ta plaque da cake mai kyandir 100.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|url-status=4}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/105610162/hartford-courant/ "Edwina Whitney Dies; 'First Lady' of Mansfield"]. ''[[Hartford Courant]]'': 4. 1970-09-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-14</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ta samu gaisuwar hukuma daga Shugaba Lyndon B.Johnson,Gwamna John Dempsey,da Shugaban Kwalejin Oberlin Robert K. Carr. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Whitney ta ba da gudummawar littafin tarihinta na 1901 zuwa 1952 ga Mansfield Historical Society a 1960.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url-status=6–7}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mansfieldct-history.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/newsletter-4-2018.pdf "Edwina Maud Whitney (1868–1970)"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ''Mansfield Historical Society Newsletter''. '''53''' (1): 6–7. April 2018.</cite></ref>Littafin littafinta yana cike da maganganun acerbic game da ɗaliban da suke tattaunawa ko yin waje a cikin ɗakin karatu,tare da kuka game da tarurrukan malamai masu tsayi da kuma yanayin zamantakewar koleji na ma'aurata.Ba ta taba yin aure ko haihuwa ba.<ref name=":2" /> Whitney ta mutu a cikin barci tana da shekaru 102 a Asibitin Natchaug Convalescent da ke Mansfield,inda ta rayu tun 1962.An shigar da ita cikin shirin dangi a makabartar Storrs,akan wani tudu da ke kallon harabar UConn.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|url-status=4}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/105610162/hartford-courant/ "Edwina Whitney Dies; 'First Lady' of Mansfield"]. ''[[Hartford Courant]]'': 4. 1970-09-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-14</span></span>.</cite></ref>Takaitaccen tarihin mutuwarta a cikin ''Hartford Courant'' ya yi bikinta a matsayin "Matar farko ta Mansfield." <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|url-status=4}}</ref> An gina shi a cikin 1938,ɗakin zama na Edwina Whitney a harabar UConn's Storrs an sanya suna cikin girmamawar Whitney.Haka ɗakin karatu na Edwina Whitney ya kasance a cikin Ikilisiyar Majami'ar Storrs,wadda ta kasance majami'a na tsawon rayuwa kuma ƴan tarihi.Whitney Hall,mai suna bayan mahaifinta,shine babban ginin harabar farko.An hukunta shi a cikin 1928 kuma an rushe shi a 1932. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} cgj2emqh63152izm5dm1ll85p4v4cl4 0 64160 549949 525563 2024-12-02T01:59:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dereje Agonafer,''' ( Ge'ez ) injiniya ne [[Kumi Naidoo|kuma]] malami Ba'amurke haifaffen Habasha, [[Wando|wanda]] a halin yanzu farfesa ne a fannin injiniyanci a Jami'ar Texas a Arlington, kuma memba na Kwalejin Injiniya ta ƙasa.<ref>{{cite web|author=Published: Feb. 7, 2019|url=https://www.colorado.edu/engineering/2019/02/07/cu-boulder-professor-inducted-national-academy-engineering|title=CU Boulder professor inducted into National Academy of Engineering|publisher=University of Colorado Boulder|date=2019-02-07|accessdate=2020-01-01}}</ref> Shi ma fellow na National Academy of Inventors tun a shekarar 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/uota-tur121418.php|title=Two UTA researchers elected fellows of National Academy of Inventors &#124; EurekAlert! Science News|publisher=Eurekalert.org|date=2018-12-14|accessdate=2020-01-01|archive-date=2019-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012001523/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/uota-tur121418.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ilimi da aiki == Farfesa Agonafer ya sami BS a fannin Injiniyanci a Aerospace daga Jami'ar Colorado Boulder a shekara ta 1972. Bayan ya sami digiri na uku a Jami'ar Howard a shekara ta (1984), ya shiga IBM.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mentis.uta.edu/explore/profile/dereje-agonafer|title=Bio|website=mentis.uta.edu|accessdate=2020-01-01|archive-date=2019-11-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106013949/https://mentis.uta.edu/explore/profile/dereje-agonafer|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a IBM na tsawon shekaru 15 kafin ya shiga Jami'ar Texas a Arlington a matsayin [[Farfesa]]. A binciken Farfesa Agonafer yana mai da hankali kan marufi na Lantarki, canja wurin zafi, injiniyancin thermal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uta.edu/mae/faculty-directory.php|title=Faculty Directory|publisher=Uta.edu|accessdate=2020-01-01}}</ref> == Karramawa == A cikin shekara ta 2019, an zaɓi Agonafer zuwa babbar Kwalejin Injiniyanci ta ƙasa don "gudunmawa ga ƙirar lantarki/thermo/injina na taimakon kwamfuta da ƙirar kayan lantarki".<ref>{{cite web|author=Dr. Dereje Agonafer Member |url=https://www.nae.edu/204106/Dr-Dereje-Agonafer|title=NAE Website - Dr. Dereje Agonafer|publisher=National Academy of Engineering|accessdate=2020-01-01}}</ref> Har ila yau shi fellow ne na Kwalejin Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙira ta Ƙasa,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mech.cea.howard.edu/news/alumnus-dereje-agonafer-achieves-highest-professional-accolade|title=Alumnus Dereje Agonafer Achieves Highest Professional Accolade|publisher=Howard University|accessdate=2020-01-01}}</ref> Ƙungiyar Amirka da Ci gaban Kimiyya,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/AnnualReports/2006/aaas_ar06_2223_fellows.pdf|title=AAAS Fellows|publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science|accessdate=2020-01-01}}</ref> da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta kasar Amirka.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nsbe.org/getattachment/1cf09a0f-423a-447f-8370-a48b245b73df/Golden-Torch-Honorees.aspx|title=Golden Torch Honorees|publisher=National Society of Black Engineers|accessdate=2020-01-01|archive-date=2016-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027201044/http://www.nsbe.org/getattachment/1cf09a0f-423a-447f-8370-a48b245b73df/Golden-Torch-Honorees.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 11retuuzeldarqmegh1uqcujnw0o2j2 0 64320 549532 503756 2024-12-01T16:53:26Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} [[Fayil:Marija Braut i Miroslav Vajdić.jpg|thumb|Marija Braut]] [[Fayil:Marija Braut i Miroslav Vajdić.jpg|thumb|Marija Braut]] '''Marija Braut''' (7 Agusta 1929, a Celje - 1 Yuli 2015, a [[Zagreb]] ) mai daukar hoto ce ta Croatia kuma ɗaya daga cikin man yan magajin fasaha na abin da ake kira ''Zagreb School of Photography'' . == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Mary Braut a ranar 7 ga Agusta 1929 a Celje . Iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa [[Zagreb]] a 1941. Bayan kam mala makaran tar sakan dare a 1949, ta shiga Zagreb Faculty of Architecture . yayin da take yarinya, ta yi rawa da rera waka a cikin kungiyar raye-raye ta kasar Croatia LADO inda ta hadu da mijinta Sead Saračević. Ma'auratan sun haifi 'ya'ya biyu. A 1967, ta gano cewa Saračević yana da farka, don haka ta bar shi. Domin samun abin rayuwa sai ta fara daukar hoto. Wato, kamar yad da ta bay yana daga baya, Tošo Dabac ta tura kyamarar a han nun ta, ta tura ta zuwa titi ta ce, "photograph". Da farko ita almajiri Dabac ce kuma daga baya abokiyar zama. Ta gudanar da baje koli na farko mai zaman kansa a cikin 1969 a cikin gallery na Cibiyar Dalibai ta Zagreb. A cikin wannan shekarar, an shigar da ita cikin membobin Croatian Association of Artists of Applied Arts (ULUPUH). Braut ta yi aiki a cikin ''Galleries na birnin Zagreb'' ( Gidan kayan tarihi na zamani na zamani ) inda ta dauki hoto don kasida da hotuna na masu fasaha da yawa. Tun 1972, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai zaman kanta artist. Ta baje kolin hotunan fasaharta akan nune-nune masu zaman kansu fiye da ɗari. Yawan cin hotunan ta an buga su a jaridu da mujallu na musam man. A matsayin ta na mai daukar hoto, ta kuma yi aiki tare da yawan cin wasan kwaikwayo na Croatian da bukukuwa, irin su gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Croatian a Zagreb, [[Zagreb Youth Theater]], [[Gavella Drama Theater]], Kerempuh Theater da Dubrovnik Summer Festival . Har ila yau, ta kasan ce mai daukar hoto na hukuma a kan saitin fim din mafi tsada na samar da Yugoslavia, yakin Sutjeska . Ta dauki hotunan yara, mutane a tituna, hotuna daban-daban, masu fasaha a lokacin aikin, shimfidar wurare na yankuna daban-daban, lalata yaki, biranen Dalmatian, da kuma sama da duka, Zagreb. Ta nuna a cikin: Zagreb - 1969 (tare da Petar Dabcem), 1971, 1977, 1979 ("Umjetnici naših dana" 1988, Maribor da [[Ljubljana]] - 1970, Split - 1971, Mannheim - 1972 ""Tošo Dabac und sein Atelier" [Tošo Dabac da Atelier nasa]), Dubrovnik - 1978, da Velika Gorica - 1983. Braut ta gudanar da babban nunin nunin na ƙarshe, wanda ya ƙunshi hotunan da ba a sani ba a lokacin, kuma ba a fallasa hotuna ba, a Zagreb Art Pavilion a cikin 2014. Hotunanta da dubban marasa kyau ana adana su a cikin tarin gidajen tarihi na Zagreb da yawa, Tarihi na Jihar Croatia, Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Croatia, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Croatia da sauran wurare. Ta sami kyautut tuka da yawa, gami da lambar yabo ta Zagreb City (1972) da lambar yabo ta Nasarar Rayuwa ta Ƙun giyar Ƙwarar run Ƙwararru (2008). Documentary game da rayuwarta, "Maryamu tana tafiya ita kaɗai", an rubuta shi a cikin 2009. Marija Braut ta mutu a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2015, tana da shekaru 85. == Jerin monographs == * ''Zdravo maleni'' [Hello Little One], Šibenik 1980. * ''Maksimir'', Zagreb 1982. * ''Dagomys INGRA'', Zagreb 1983. * ''Zagreb – moj grad'' [Zagreb - My City], Globus/Mladinska knjiga, Zagreb 1987. * ''Dubrovnik - jedno lice rata'' [Dubrovnik - Fuskar Yaki Daya], 1994. * ''Maksimir 200'', Grad Zagreb, Zagreb 1994. * ''Dubrovnik ponovljen'' [Dubrovnik Repeated], LMN doo 2001. * ''Marija Braut – Retrospektiva'' [Marija Braut - Retrospective], Marina Viculin, Galerija Klovićevi dvori 2001. * ''Marija Braut - Fotografije 1967.'' ''– 2005.'' [Marija Braut - Hotuna 1967 - 2005], Ive Šimat Banov, 2006. * ''Marija Braut – Moj Zagreb u koloru'' [Marija Braut - My Zagreb in Color], Iva Prosoli, Muzej grada Zagreba 2009. * ''Novi Zagreb Jučer'' [Sabuwar Zagreb Jiya], Marija Braut da Mario Rozić, Anita Zlomislić, Centar za kulturu Novi Zagreb 2012 == Magana == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Matattun 2015]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1929]] tf28ncj6qnvbom7h5g0v4n1s5nbuwuv 549887 549532 2024-12-01T23:05:50Z Gwanki 3834 549887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Gyara mukala}} [[Fayil:Marija Braut i Miroslav Vajdić.jpg|thumb|Marija Braut]] '''Marija Braut''' (7 Agusta 1929, a Celje - 1 Yuli 2015, a [[Zagreb]] ) mai daukar hoto ce ta Croatia kuma ɗaya daga cikin man yan magajin fasaha na abin da ake kira ''Zagreb School of Photography'' . == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Mary Braut a ranar 7 ga Agusta 1929 a Celje . Iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa [[Zagreb]] a 1941. Bayan kam mala makaran tar sakan dare a 1949, ta shiga Zagreb Faculty of Architecture . yayin da take yarinya, ta yi rawa da rera waka a cikin kungiyar raye-raye ta kasar Croatia LADO inda ta hadu da mijinta Sead Saračević. Ma'auratan sun haifi 'ya'ya biyu. A 1967, ta gano cewa Saračević yana da farka, don haka ta bar shi. Domin samun abin rayuwa sai ta fara daukar hoto. Wato, kamar yad da ta bay yana daga baya, Tošo Dabac ta tura kyamarar a han nun ta, ta tura ta zuwa titi ta ce, "photograph". Da farko ita almajiri Dabac ce kuma daga baya abokiyar zama. Ta gudanar da baje koli na farko mai zaman kansa a cikin 1969 a cikin gallery na Cibiyar Dalibai ta Zagreb. A cikin wannan shekarar, an shigar da ita cikin membobin Croatian Association of Artists of Applied Arts (ULUPUH). Braut ta yi aiki a cikin ''Galleries na birnin Zagreb'' ( Gidan kayan tarihi na zamani na zamani ) inda ta dauki hoto don kasida da hotuna na masu fasaha da yawa. Tun 1972, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai zaman kanta artist. Ta baje kolin hotunan fasaharta akan nune-nune masu zaman kansu fiye da ɗari. Yawan cin hotunan ta an buga su a jaridu da mujallu na musam man. A matsayin ta na mai daukar hoto, ta kuma yi aiki tare da yawan cin wasan kwaikwayo na Croatian da bukukuwa, irin su gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Croatian a Zagreb, [[Zagreb Youth Theater]], [[Gavella Drama Theater]], Kerempuh Theater da Dubrovnik Summer Festival . Har ila yau, ta kasan ce mai daukar hoto na hukuma a kan saitin fim din mafi tsada na samar da Yugoslavia, yakin Sutjeska . Ta dauki hotunan yara, mutane a tituna, hotuna daban-daban, masu fasaha a lokacin aikin, shimfidar wurare na yankuna daban-daban, lalata yaki, biranen Dalmatian, da kuma sama da duka, Zagreb. Ta nuna a cikin: Zagreb - 1969 (tare da Petar Dabcem), 1971, 1977, 1979 ("Umjetnici naših dana" 1988, Maribor da [[Ljubljana]] - 1970, Split - 1971, Mannheim - 1972 ""Tošo Dabac und sein Atelier" [Tošo Dabac da Atelier nasa]), Dubrovnik - 1978, da Velika Gorica - 1983. Braut ta gudanar da babban nunin nunin na ƙarshe, wanda ya ƙunshi hotunan da ba a sani ba a lokacin, kuma ba a fallasa hotuna ba, a Zagreb Art Pavilion a cikin 2014. Hotunanta da dubban marasa kyau ana adana su a cikin tarin gidajen tarihi na Zagreb da yawa, Tarihi na Jihar Croatia, Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Croatia, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Croatia da sauran wurare. Ta sami kyautut tuka da yawa, gami da lambar yabo ta Zagreb City (1972) da lambar yabo ta Nasarar Rayuwa ta Ƙun giyar Ƙwarar run Ƙwararru (2008). Documentary game da rayuwarta, "Maryamu tana tafiya ita kaɗai", an rubuta shi a cikin 2009. Marija Braut ta mutu a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2015, tana da shekaru 85. == Jerin monographs == * ''Zdravo maleni'' [Hello Little One], Šibenik 1980. * ''Maksimir'', Zagreb 1982. * ''Dagomys INGRA'', Zagreb 1983. * ''Zagreb – moj grad'' [Zagreb - My City], Globus/Mladinska knjiga, Zagreb 1987. * ''Dubrovnik - jedno lice rata'' [Dubrovnik - Fuskar Yaki Daya], 1994. * ''Maksimir 200'', Grad Zagreb, Zagreb 1994. * ''Dubrovnik ponovljen'' [Dubrovnik Repeated], LMN doo 2001. * ''Marija Braut – Retrospektiva'' [Marija Braut - Retrospective], Marina Viculin, Galerija Klovićevi dvori 2001. * ''Marija Braut - Fotografije 1967.'' ''– 2005.'' [Marija Braut - Hotuna 1967 - 2005], Ive Šimat Banov, 2006. * ''Marija Braut – Moj Zagreb u koloru'' [Marija Braut - My Zagreb in Color], Iva Prosoli, Muzej grada Zagreba 2009. * ''Novi Zagreb Jučer'' [Sabuwar Zagreb Jiya], Marija Braut da Mario Rozić, Anita Zlomislić, Centar za kulturu Novi Zagreb 2012 == Magana == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Matattun 2015]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1929]] dg484shv0gd5qcefzs7hf3jte0css8h 0 65095 549524 481975 2024-12-01T16:31:42Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:David von Ballmoos Dynamo Kiew vs. BSC Young Boys.jpg|thumb|David von Ballmoos]] [[Fayil:YB ist zum 17. Mal Schweizer Meister!.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:YB ist zum 17. Mal in der Klubgeschichte Schweizer Meister!.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:David von Ballmoos.jpg|thumb|David von Ballmoos]] '''David von Ballmoos''' David von Ballmoos (an haife shi 30 Disamba 1994) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Switzerland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida don ƙungiyar Young Boys Swiss Super League.{{stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Haifaffun 1994]] [[category:Rayayyun Mutane]] sfqt5d26dqc421dvln32tqy1hbutyat 0 65449 549966 500147 2024-12-02T04:03:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549966 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Emmanuel Akwetey''' Akwetey yana daya daga cikin mambobin kwamitin ba da shawara 13 na ma'aikatar harkokin waje da haɗin gwiwar yank<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://hotnewsafrica.com/i-expect-food-shortage-in-ghana-but-strong-agric-can-rescue-us-akwetey/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |archive-date=2021-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114045811/https://hotnewsafrica.com/i-expect-food-shortage-in-ghana-but-strong-agric-can-rescue-us-akwetey/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. ==Rayuwar farko da ilimi== An haifi Akwetey a Accra, Ghana . Ya fara karatunsa na sakandare a Labone Senior High School amma ya kammala a Accra Academy . A cikin 1979, ya sami gurbin karatu a Jami'ar [[Ghana]], Legon, inda ya sami digiri na farko a fannin Falsafa da adabi. Ya samu digirin digirgir a fannin siyasa da ci gaban kasa da kasa a jami'ar Stockholm ta kasar Sweden. ==Sana`a== Akwetey malami ne a Jami'ar Stockholm, Sweden. Ya kafa Cibiyar Gudanar da Mulki (IDEG) a 2000 kuma shine Babban Darakta. [[Fayil:Emmanuel Akwetey 02.jpg|thumb|Emmanuel Akwetey]] A cikin Fabrairu 2015, Akwetey ya sami lambar yabo ta Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka Martin Luther King Jr. Kyauta don Zaman Lafiya da Adalci na Zamantakewa<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://gbcghana.com/1.2002951 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-12-21 |archive-date=2023-12-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231221153437/https://www.gbcghana.com/1.2002951 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Manazarta== 0jifgbeacw4jrwt0079e1sgmdrw6vwj 0 65489 550385 432898 2024-12-02T11:19:12Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Isa Marte Hussaini''' farfesa ne a fannin harhada magunguna dan Najeriya kuma abokin Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Najeriya, wanda aka shigar da shi makarantar a shekarar 2013.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20151109232120/http://www.nas.org.ng/fellowship/fellows-of-the-academy/</ref> Ya kware a binciken ciwon daji kuma a halin yanzu yana binciken yadda ake amfani da ganyen gida don maganin cutar kansa. Rahoton da ya yi wa Cibiyar Kimiya ta Najeriya kan yadda ake amfani da ganyayen gida don maganin cutar daji ya nuna cewa tsire-tsire na ganye sun fi amfani da magungunan da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu wajen maganin cutar kansa. A watan Mayun 2015, ya gabatar da wata takarda mai taken: “Haka ma’adinan magungunan Najeriya don maganin cutar kansa” a Abuja a wajen kaddamar da ‘yan kungiyar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Najeriya inda ya bayyana hasashen Hukumar Bincike kan Ciwon daji ta duniya a duk shekara. Ana sa ran sabbin masu kamuwa da cutar daji za su karu daga miliyan 11 zuwa miliyan 16 nan da shekarar 2020, inda kashi 70 cikin 100 na su ke fitowa daga kasashe masu tasowa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150925154618/http://www.punchng.com/health/cancer-casesll-rise-to-16-million-by-2020-iarc/</ref> A watan Afrilun 2014, ya tsaya takarar mataimakin shugaban jami'ar Maiduguri amma ya rasa kujerar a hannun Farfesa Ibrahim Abubakar Njodi, shugaban VC na jami'ar.<ref>http://leadership.ng/news/369016/controversy-trails-choice-new-unimaid-vc</ref> ==Fage== An haifi Marte a Maiduguri babban birnin jihar Borno, Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Yerwa ta tsakiya a Maiduguri, kafin ya halarci makarantar sakandiren gwamnati ta Yerwa a Maiduguri, inda ya samu takardar shedar makarantar Afirka ta Yamma a shekarar 1975.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023844/https://www.naij.com/tag/isa-marte-hussaini.html</ref> Ya samu digirin farko a Pharmacy daga Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya sannan ya yi digiri na biyu a fannin hada magunguna daga Kwalejin Chelsea ta Jami’ar Landan a shekarar 1983 bayan ya kammala hidimar kasa ta tilas na shekara daya a Babban Asibitin Kontogora, Jihar Neja a 1981. Daga baya ya sami digiri na uku (Ph.D) a fannin hada magunguna daga King's College London a 1987 kuma a 1997, ya sami MBA daga Jami'ar Averett, kwaleji mai zaman kansa mai zaman kanta a Danville, Virginia, US, a kudu ta tsakiya Virginia. .<ref>https://www.theabusites.com/prof-isa-marte-hussaini/</ref> ==Sana`a== Ya shiga Sashen Kimiyyar Magunguna, Kwalejin Kimiyyar Lafiya ta Jami'ar Maiduguri a shekarar 1981, amma a shekarar 1982 ya bar karatun digiri a Jami'ar Chelsea College da ke Landan. Bayan ya samu digirin digirgir (Ph.D) a fannin hada magunguna daga King’s College Landan a shekarar 1987 ya dawo Najeriya inda ya shiga hidimar jami’ar Ahmadu Bello, inda aka nada shi babban malami a shekarar 1991. Ya bar jami'ar ya koma Cibiyar Ci gaban Magunguna ta Kasa (NIPRD), Abuja a matsayin babban jami'in bincike sannan kuma aka nada shi shugaban Sashen Magunguna da Fasahar Magunguna.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/health/groundbreaking-nigerian-scientists-record-significant-progress-in-herbal-cancer-therapy-id3877362.html |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-12-22 |archive-date=2016-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513233920/http://pulse.ng/health/groundbreaking-nigerian-scientists-record-significant-progress-in-herbal-cancer-therapy-id3877362.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Ganewa== A watan Nuwamba 2015, ya zama Fellow of Nigerian Academy of Pharmacy Marte masanin kimiya ne wanda ya mayar da hankali kan amfani da tsiron ganya wajen maganin cutar daji. Don gabatar da gudunmawarsa ga binciken ciwon daji, Farfesa Louise Serpell ya karbi bakuncinsa ta hanyar kungiyar Sussex Nigerian Society, Jami'ar Sussex a wani taron mai suna Haɗu da Masanin Kimiyya na Najeriya . A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2016, a Cibiyar Damage da Kwanciyar Hankali ta Jami'ar, ya gabatar da wata lacca, mai taken "Yin amfani da mahadi na tsire-tsire na magani a cikin neman sababbin magungunan cutar kansa". Michael Farthing, mataimakin shugaban jami'ar Sussex da kuma mukaddashin babban kwamishina na Najeriya a Landan, Adah Simon Ogah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://dailytrust.com.ng/sunday/index.php/news/13711-abu-alumni-gets-new-excos |access-date=2023-12-22 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122307/http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/sunday/index.php/news/13711-abu-alumni-gets-new-excos |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Memba== * Memba, Society for Neuroscience * Memba, Ƙungiyar Amirka don Binciken Ciwon daji (AACR) * Memba, Majalisar Magunguna ta Najeriya ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1956]] jtr1wh5g81npw6rmean7sx1f269q0oe 0 65525 549971 524951 2024-12-02T04:14:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Enitan Abisogun Bababunmi,''' (an [[Hailee Steinfeld|haife]] shi a ranar 8 ga watan [[Satumba]] 1940 &#x2013; 29 ga Mayu 2017) malami ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|ɗan ƙasar Najeriya]] kuma Farfesa a fannin [[Biochemistry]] wanda ya zama mataimakin shugaban jami’ar jihar [[Legas]] na uku a tsakanin shekarun 1993 zuwa 1996.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/2015/06/lasus-three-month-crisis-festers-awaits-ambodes-action/|title=LASU’s three-month crisis festers, awaits Ambode’s action|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|date=18 June 2015|accessdate=3 January 2016}}</ref> == Karramawa == A shekara ta 2002, gwamnatin [[Amurka]] ta baiwa Enitan takardar haƙƙin mallaka bayan ya samar da wani tsari wanda zai hana tsokanar [[Kanjamau|cutar kanjamau]] da masu [[Sankara|cutar kansa]].<ref name="Phiri2006">{{cite book|author=Andrew Ose Phiri|title=African Scientific Legacy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zcAeAQAAIAAJ|year=2006|publisher=Mwajionera Enterprises}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/ngguardian/2002/nov/04/article06.html|title=Nigerian scientist, Bababunmi, gets U.S. patent on AIDS drug|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|publisher=Biafra-Nigeria World|last=Oyekanmi|first=Rotimi|date=4 November 2002|accessdate=3 January 2016|archive-date=5 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305192517/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/ngguardian/2002/nov/04/article06.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thenationonlineng.net/archive2/tblnews_Detail.php?id=65737|title=Dr Enitan Bababunmi: His scientific inventions and patents|author=Femi Orebe|date=December 10, 2008|publisher=The Nation|accessdate=July 19, 2016}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Ya rasu a ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, 2017, yana da shekaru 76.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://theeagleonline.com.ng/ex-lasu-vc-prof-bababunmi-is-dead/|title=Ex-LASU VC Prof. Bababunmi is dead|work=The Eagle|first=Segun|last=Adebowale|date=29 May 2017|accessdate=29 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Former LASU VC, Prof. Enitan Bababunmi Remembered With Posthumous 80th Birthday Symposium – Independent Newspaper Nigeria |url=https://independent.ng/former-lasu-vc-prof-enitan-bababunmi-remembered-with-posthumous-88th-birthday-symposium/ |access-date=2022-06-11 |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Littattafai == *  Enitan A. Bababunmi (1982). Power House of the Living Cell. University of [[Ibadan]]. *  Toxicology Forum (Washington, D.C.); Wellcome Trust ([[London]], [[England]]); World Health Organization (1 January 1980). Toxicology in the tropics. Taylor & Francis. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-85066-194-1</nowiki>. ==Mahada na waje== [http://bulletin.ui.edu.ng/sites/default/files/OBITUARY%20BABABUNMI%20%282%29.pdf Obituary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231104124918/http://bulletin.ui.edu.ng/sites/default/files/OBITUARY%20BABABUNMI%20(2).pdf |date=2023-11-04 }} {{authority control}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Haihuwan 1940]] [[category:Mutuwan 2017]] [[category:Maluman Najeriya]] m089q5khsh0s3y3gvsryrxhvuwz9cih 0 65711 549504 496354 2024-12-01T16:00:29Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}}[[File:His Highness Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum.png|thumbnail|Afro-Arabs]] [[File:Afro-eurasia globe-INALCO.svg|thumbnail|Afro-Arabs]] [[Fayil:Tippu Tib.png|thumb|Afro-Arabs]] '''Afro-Arabs''' ko '''Larabawa na Afirka''' [[Larabawa]] ne na cikakku ko wani bangare na zuriyar Afirka. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ƙungiyoyi marasa rinjaye a Yemen, [[Afrikawan Saudiyya|Saudi Arabia]], Oman, Qatar, da Siriya, Iraki, Falasdinu, da Jordan . Kalmar na iya nufin ƙungiyoyin Larabawa daban-daban a Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The multiple roots of Emiratiness: the cosmopolitan history of Emirati society|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/beyond-trafficking-and-slavery/the-multiple-roots-of-emiratiness/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=openDemocracy|language=en}}</ref> == Dubawa == [[File:Arab_resident_of_the_Belgian_Congo.jpg|thumb| Afro-Arab mutumin Kongo (ca. 1942).]] Kudancin Larabawa da Afirka sun kasance suna tuntuɓar tun lokacin hanyoyin musayar obsidian na karni na bakwai BC. An ƙarfafa waɗannan cibiyoyin sadarwa ta haɓakar daular Masar na ƙarni na huɗu BC. Masu bincike sun nuna yiwuwar matsugunin mutane daga Larabawa a cikin kahon Afirka tun farkon karni na 3 da 2 BC.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|last1=Richards|first1=Martin |last2=Rengo|first2=Chiara|last3=Cruciani|first3=Fulvio|last4=Gratrix|first4=Fiona|last5=Wilson|first5=James F.|last6=Scozzari|first6=Rosaria|last7=Macaulay|first7=Vincent|last8=Torroni|first8=Antonio|title=Extensive Female-Mediated Gene Flow from Sub-Saharan Africa into Near Eastern Arab Populations|journal=The American Journal of Human Genetics|date=April 2003|volume=72|issue=4|pages=1058–1064|doi=10.1086/374384|pmid=12629598|pmc=1180338}}</ref> Al'adun Tihama na Afro-Arabiya, wanda wataƙila ya samo asali ne daga Afirka, ya fara ne a cikin ƙarni na biyu BC. Ana samun wannan rukunin al'adu a Afirka, a cikin ƙasashe irin su [[Jibuti (ƙasa)|Djibouti]], [[Eritrea|Eritriya]], [[Itofiya|Habasha]], [[Somaliya]] da [[Sudan]], da kuma a makwabtan [[Yemen]] da filayen gabar tekun Saudiyya. A cikin karni na farko kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa, Larabawa na Kudu sun sami iko da hanyoyin kasuwanci [[Red Sea|na Bahar Maliya]] kuma suka kafa daular farko ta Yemen, Saba, a kusan 800 BC. Sakamakon tasirin Saba, a hankali an shigar da Eritrea da arewacin Habasha cikin wani yanki na tasirin Larabawa. A shekara ta 600 BC, an kafa daular [[D'mt|Daamat]] ta Habesha -Sabean a Eritiriya da kuma yankin Tigray na Habasha. Shaidun archaeological sun nuna cewa watakila wannan ya samo asali ne daga kananan kabilun Larabawa daban-daban, ciki har da Sabeans. An sami rubutun Sabean da yawa a Eritrea, har ma da sunan ''Saba'' sunan mace ne da ya zama ruwan dare a Eritiriya, da kuma a cikin Tigray. Bayan ƙarni da yawa na keɓewa, Masarautar Aksum ta tashi a cikin 100 AD. Wannan mulkin ya wanzu tsawon shekaru 800 kuma ya mamaye kudancin Larabawa na wani lokaci na wannan lokacin. An samo tukwane mai amfani da Aksumite da yawa a cikin adibas daga ƙarni na 5 da na 6 a yankin Hadramaut na Yemen, wanda ke nuni da cewa akwai yuwuwar an sami ƙaura mai yawa a wannan lokacin. [[Fayil:Tippu Tib.png|thumb|Afro-Arabs]] Kudancin Larabawa jihar abokin ciniki ce ta masarautar Aksumite a cikin ƙarni na shida. Rubutun Himyarite sun rubuta wani hari da wani babban Janar na Aksumite mai suna Abraha (Tigrinya: Aብርሃ) ya yi wa Makka a shekara ta 570 AD. <ref>Iwona Gajda: Le royaume de Ḥimyar à l’époque monothéiste. </ref> Farkon abin da ya faru a dangantakar Afro da Larabawa ta Musulunci, wanda aka fi sani da Hijira ta Farko, (Larabci: الهجرة إلى الحبشة, al-hijra ʾilā al-habaša), wani lamari ne a farkon tarihin Musulunci, inda [[Sahabban Annabi|sahabban Annabi Muhammad na farko.]] (Sahabbai) sun gudu daga zaluncin kabilar [[Ƙuraishawa|Kuraishawa]] da ke mulki a Makka. Sun nemi mafaka a Masarautar Kirista ta Aksum, a Eritriya na yanzu da kuma arewacin Habasha (wanda ake kira Habesha land/Abyssinia, tsohon suna wanda ake muhawara a kan asalinsa), <ref>E. A. Wallis Budge (Aug 1, 2014). </ref> A cikin 613 ko 615 AD, Sarkin Aksumite wanda ya yi mulki. An karbe su ana kiran su Ashama ibn Abjar ko kuma Negus (Larabci: نجاشي, najašī). Masana tarihi na zamani kuma sun danganta shi da Sarki Armah da Ella Tsaham. <ref>M. Elfasi, Ivan Hrbek (1988). </ref> Daga baya wasu daga cikin sahabbai suka dawo Makka suka yi hijira zuwa Madina tare da Muhammad, wasu kuma suka zauna a kasar Habesha har suka zo Madina a shekara ta 628. Masallacin da suka kafa ana kiransa da " Masjid aṣ-Saḥābah ". Yana cikin birnin Massawa na Eritrea, kuma tun farkon karni na 7 miladiyya, an yi imanin shi ne masallaci na farko a nahiyar Afirka.<ref>"Liste des premières mosquées au monde prophètique, rashidun et omeyyade selon les écris historique et les traces archéologiques".</ref> Sahabbai da dama sun zauna a can bayan Musulunci ya kafu a yankin Larabawa kuma zuriyar wadannan sahabbai suna zaune a yankin. Daga karni na 7 zuwa gaba an kafa al'ummomin musulmi a gabar tekun Eritriya da [[Somaliya]], daga baya kuma suka bazu cikin kasa. Kasuwancin bayi na Larabawa, wanda ya fara a zamanin jahiliyya amma ya kai tsayin daka tsakanin 650 AD zuwa 1900 AD, ya kwashe miliyoyin mutanen Afirka daga kwarin Nilu, yankin kahon Afirka, da gabar tekun gabashin Afirka ta tekun Red Sea zuwa Larabawa. An kwashe ƙarin miliyoyi a cikin [[Sahara]] a matsayin wani ɓangare na cinikin bayi da ke ƙetare sahara. A kusan karni na farko AD, 'yan kasuwa na Farisa sun kafa garuruwan kasuwanci a kan abin da ake kira gabar tekun Swahili a yanzu, <ref>{{Cite journal|quote=etal|url-status=866–873}}</ref> wanda, tsakanin ƙarni na goma da goma sha biyu, ya zama mafi Larabawa. Turawan [[Portugal]] sun ci wadannan cibiyoyin kasuwanci bayan gano [[Cape Road|hanyar Cape Road]] . Daga shekarun 1700 zuwa farkon 1800, sojojin musulmi na daular Omani sun sake kwace wadannan garuruwan kasuwa, musamman a tsibirin Pemba da Zanzibar. A cikin wadannan yankuna, Larabawa daga Yemen da [[Oman]] sun zauna tare da al'ummar "Afrika" na gida, ta haka ne suka yada addinin Islama da kuma kafa al'ummomin Afro-Arab. [[Harshen Swahili|Harshen Swahili na]] [[Harsunan Nijar-Congo|Nijar da Kongo]] ya samo asali ne ta hanyar waɗannan cudanya tsakanin Larabawa da ƴan asalin [[Mutanen Bantu|Bantu]] . A Arewacin Afirka, Larabawa a tarihi suna da kusanci da ƴan asalin nahiyar Afirka; A cikin kasashen Larabawa na Tekun Fasha, zuriyar mutane daga gabar tekun Swahili suna yin kade-kade da raye-raye na Liwa da Fann at-Tanbura, kuma Afro-Arabs ne ke buga mizmar a Tihamah da [[Hijaz|Hejaz]]. Bugu da kari, Stambali na [[Tunisiya]] <ref>{{Cite journal|url-status=373–410}}</ref> da kidan Gnawa na [[Moroko|Maroko]] dukkansu kida ne da raye-raye wadanda a bangare guda suka samo asali daga salon wakokin [[Afirka ta Yamma]] . [[Afrikawan Saudiyya|'Yan Afro-Saudi]] suna da kashi 10% ko kuma kusan 1,880,000 na mutanen [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] 18,880,000.<ref> https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ </ref> <ref> https://portal.saudicensus.sa/portal/ </ref> == Sanannen Afro-Arabs == * Etab, Mawakin Saudiyya * [[Anwar Sadat]], dan siyasar Masar * Ali Al-Habsi, dan kwallon Omani * Mohamed Al-Deayea, dan wasan kwallon kafa na kasar Saudiyya * Shikabala, dan wasan kwallon kafa na kasar Masar * Mohammed Hussein Al-Amoudi, hamshakin attajirin dan kasar Saudiyya dan asalin Habasha da Yemen * Khalid Eisa, dan kwallon kasar Emirate * Tippu-Tip, Afro-Omani mai ciniki kuma mai bincike * Chahine van Bohemen, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Holland-Maroko == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110427012626/http://arabslavetrade.com/ Kasuwancin Bawan Larabawa] Afo da Larabawa da cinikin bayi na Larabawa * [http://www.colorq.org/MeltingPot/article.aspx?d=Asia&x=BlackWestAsians "Baƙar fata 'yan Afirka a (Larabawa) Yammacin Asiya"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709215045/http://www.colorq.org/MeltingPot/article.aspx?d=Asia&x=BlackWestAsians |date=2022-07-09 }} - maƙalar [http://www.ColorQ.org ColorQ.org] da aka ambata * Farfesa Helmi Sharawy, [http://www.ipoaa.com/arab_culture_african_culture.htm Al'adun Larabawa da Al'adun Afirka:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724052552/http://www.ipoaa.com/arab_culture_african_culture.htm |date=2021-07-24 }} Archived alaƙar da ba ta dace ba </link> , takarda da aka ciro daga littafin ''The Tattaunawa tsakanin al'adun Larabawa da sauran al'adu'<nowiki/>'', Arab League, Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization (ALECSO), Tunis, 1999. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071030154919/http://www.africa-union.org/root/au/Documents/Decisions/com/28CoM_1987a.pdf ƙudiri kan Haɗin gwiwar Afro-Arab] na Majalisar Ministocin Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Afirka, 23, Fabrairu 23-28, 1987. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081002094307/http://www.iss.co.za/AF/RegOrg/unity_to_union/pdfs/arab/aulasrepmay05.pdf Taron Bayar da Shawarwari na Sakatare-Janar na Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Afirka kan Haɗin gwiwar Afro-Arab], Addis Ababa: 10-12 Mayu 2005. * Maho M. Sebiane, " Le statut socio-economique de la pratique musicale aux Emirat arabes unis : la traditional du leiwah à Dubai », Chroniques yéménites, 14, 2007. [http://cy.revues.org/docannexe1500.html]{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/afro-arabian-origins-of-the-early-yemenites-and-their-conquest-and-settlement-of-spain-dana-marniche/ Asalin Afro-Arabiyawa na farkon Yamanawa da cin galaba da matsugunin su na Spain] [[Category:Baƙaƙen fata]] [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Larabawa]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] pxudqvh7uih2ozr7b6xi5z6w9klt849 0 65787 549431 360354 2024-12-01T13:01:45Z Mustysummy 21281 karamin gyara 549431 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''William Ssempa Kisaalita''' (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan watan Disamba 1953, a [[Kampala|Kampala, Uganda]]) injiniyan sinadarai ne kuma farfesa a fannin Injiniyanci a Jami'ar [[Georgia|Jojiya]]. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Kisaalita a [[Kampala|Kampala, Uganda]]. Ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin Injiniyanci a Jami'ar Makerere da ke [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rbc.uga.edu/leaders/Kisaalita.php|title=William S. Kisaalita, Research|website=www.rbc.uga.edu|access-date=2023-12-27|archive-date=2018-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311150413/http://rbc.uga.edu/leaders/Kisaalita.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya samu Ph.D. a cikin injiniyanci na sinadarai a shekarar 1987 daga Jami'ar [[British Columbia|British]] [[Columbia]], [[Vancouver]], BC, [[Kanada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jces.ua.edu/william-kisaalita/|title=William Kisaalita – JCES|website=jces.ua.edu|access-date=2023-12-27|archive-date=2021-10-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021153608/http://jces.ua.edu/william-kisaalita/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya shiga Jami'ar [[Georgia]] a matsayin farfesa a shekara ta 1991.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uga.edu/faculty/profile/william-s.-kisaalita/|title=William S. Kisaalita - Focus On Faculty|date=May 20, 2012|publisher=}}</ref> == Aiki == A binciken farko na Kisaalita ya kasance a cikin aikace-aikacen al'adun tantanin halitta na 3D a cikin gano magungunan kafin zuwa asibiti. Ya rubuta littafin karatun digiri a wannan yanki mai suna ''3D Cell-Based Biosensors in Drug Discovery Programs''.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kisaalita|first= William S.|title= 3D cell-based biosensors in drug discovery programs: Microtissue engineering for high throughput screening|publisher= CRC Press|year= 2010|isbn= 9781420073508|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=G43LBQAAQBAJ&q=3D+Cell+Culture:+Principles+and+Applications+kisaalita&pg=PP1}}</ref> Layin bincikensa na biyu shine sanyaya wutar lantarki<ref>{{cite web|url=https://psmag.com/kisaalita-engineers-solutions-for-africa-s-rural-poor-74e12934f6ae#.5rsh0ik9h|title=Kisaalita Engineers Solutions for Africa's Rural Poor|publisher=}}</ref> mai ƙarfi ta biogas da sauran abubuwa masu lalacewa a cikin ƙananan albarkatun ƙasa ba tare da samun wutar lantarki ba. Fagen bincikensa sun hada da: * Tissue engineering * Cell-surface interactions * Assays for high throughput screening (HTS) * Renewable energy utilization with emphasis on biogas-powered cooling * Global service learning Ayyukansa sun sami goyon bayan kungiyoyi da yawa ciki har da Gidauniyar Bill da Melinda Gates,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gcgh.grandchallenges.org/grant/designing-female-ergonomic-and-cultural-appropriateness|title=Designing for Female Ergonomic and Cultural Appropriateness - Grand Challenges|website=gcgh.grandchallenges.org}}</ref> [[Bankin Duniya]], Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Ƙasa, Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta [[Amurka]], da Hukumar Kare Muhalli.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://psmag.com/kisaalita-engineers-solutions-for-africa-s-rural-poor-74e12934f6ae#.j96yx0wfx|title=Kisaalita Engineers Solutions for Africa's Rural Poor|publisher=}}</ref> == Kyauta == * A shekarar 2016 ya samu Kyautar Jami'ar [[Georgia]] ta Shugabancin Fulfilling the Dream Award.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.uga.edu/releases/article/2016-presidents-fulfilling-dream-award/|title=UGA presents 2016 President's Fulfilling the Dream Award|date=22 January 2016|publisher=}}</ref> * Kyautar Lioba Moshi na shekarar 2015 don Hidima a Nazarin [[Afirka]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.engineering.uga.edu/newsroom/news/kisaalita-receives-african-studies-award|title = UGA College of Engineering}}</ref> * 2015 Jami'ar Georgia College of Engineering's Distinguished Faculty Scholar Award.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.engineering.uga.edu/newsroom/news/hornak-kisaalita-receive-distinguished-faculty-scholar-award|title = UGA College of Engineering}}</ref> * 2015 Jami'ar Georgia Richard Reiff lambar yabo ta ƙasa da ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://international.uga.edu/about/news/78-uga-faculty-and-staff-receive-awards-from-the-office-of-international-education|title=Home|access-date=2023-12-27|archive-date=2017-09-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907214747/https://international.uga.edu/about/news/78-uga-faculty-and-staff-receive-awards-from-the-office-of-international-education|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Kyautar Aikin Noma na 2013: Babban Kalubalen Makamashi don yunƙurin ci gaba.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://poweringag.org/news-events/video/william-kisaalita-winning-2013-award|title=William Kisaalita on Winning a 2013 Powering Agriculture Award - Powering Agriculture|website=poweringag.org|access-date=2023-12-27|archive-date=2020-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810213556/https://poweringag.org/news-events/video/william-kisaalita-winning-2013-award|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2008 Jami'ar Georgia Scholarship na Kyautar Haɗin kai.<ref name="uga.edu">{{cite web|url=http://news.uga.edu/releases/article/engineering-professor-named-associate-director-of-curo/|title=Engineering professor named associate director of Center for Undergraduate Research Opportunities|date=12 August 2011|publisher=}}</ref> * Kyautar 2004 University Mentor of the Year for Undergraduate Research, University of Georgia Honors Program.<ref name="uga.edu"/> * Kyautar 2002 Lowry H. Gillespie, Jr.<ref name="uga.edu"/> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1953]] 2fhk4dkx1y1cr5fijahe0bkujwp4ug5 0 66064 550278 500426 2024-12-02T10:30:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550278 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ifeoma Mabel Onyemelukwe''' [[Dan Nijeriya|wata ‘yar Najeriya]] ce [[farfesa]] a fannin adabin [[Faransanci|Faransa]] da [[Adabin Afirka|Afirka]] a [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello]] [[Zariya|da ke Zariya]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Official Website of Prof. (Mrs.) Ifeoma Mabel Onyemelukwe. {{!}} Professor of French and African Literature of French Expression at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. |url=https://imonyemelukwe.com/ |access-date=2023-07-10 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703112544/https://imonyemelukwe.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta [[Rubutun adabi|rubuta]] [[Wakokin Hausa|wakoki]], [[Gajerun hanyoyi a Wikimedia|gajerun]] labarai, [[Littattafai|litattafai]], wasan kwaikwayo, sukar adabi, da sukar zamantakewa. Ta wallafa littattafai 27 da mujallu 162 a duniya da kuma cikin gida.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ifeoma Mabel Onyemelukwe |first=Ifeoma Mabel |date=15 July 2023 |title=Ifeoma Mabel Onyemelukwe: Professor of French and African Literature of French Expression at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/ifeoma-mabel-onyemelukwe-a91610b4/?originalSubdomain=ng |website=LinkedIn}}</ref> Ita ce mai girmamawa a Cibiyar Nazarin Harrufa ta [[Najeriya]] (Nigerian Academy of Letters) (NAL), tare da Farfesa Tanure Ojaide da Olusegun Adeniyi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=NationalInsightNews |date=2019-06-21 |title=Nigerian Academy of Letters Elects Seven Professors As Fellows |url=https://nationalinsightnews.com/nigerian-academy-of-letters-elects-seven-professors-as-fellows/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=National Insight News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ifeoma Mabel Onyemelukwe |url=https://nalonline.org.ng/ifeoma-mabel-onyemelukwe/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |website=Nigerian Academy of Letters |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Onyemelukwe a [[Awka ta Kudu|Awka]], [[Najeriya|Nigeria]]. Ta yi karatun digiri na farko a fannin [[Faransanci]] a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]],dake [[Nsukka]] a shekara ta aif dari tara da sabain da shida 1976.A.C Ta yi karatun Difloma a fannin Ilimi a [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke Zariya a shekarar 1982. A ci gaba da karatun ta, ta samu digiri na biyu da kuma digiri na uku a fannin harshen Faransanci a [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello]] da ke Zariya a shekarun 1979 da 1987.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official Website of Prof. (Mrs.) Ifeoma Mabel Onyemelukwe. {{!}} Professor of French and African Literature of French Expression at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. |url=https://imonyemelukwe.com/ |access-date=2023-07-15 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703112544/https://imonyemelukwe.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'a == Ta fara aikinta a matsayin mataimakiyar malami a Kwalejin Horar da Malamai ta [[Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello|Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello]] (ABU) a shekarar 1978.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=III |first=Admin |date=2020-09-30 |title=Prof Onyemelukwe: A Life Of Accomplishments @70 - FOREFRONT NG 70, ABU, Life Of Accomplishments, Prof Ifeoma Mabel Onyemelukwe, Prof Onyemelukwe, Zaria |url=https://forefrontng.com/prof-onyemelukwe-a-life-of-accomplishments-70/ |access-date=2023-07-24 |website=FOREFRONT NG |language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan haka, ta yi aiki a ABU, [[Zariya]] Institute of Education tsakanin shekarun 1992 zuwa 2001. A shekara ta 2002, ta shiga Sashen [[Faransanci]] a cikin Faculty of Arts a ABU, [[Zariya|Zaria]]. Ta kasance a can har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya ta tilas a shekarar 2020.<ref name=":0" /> A cikin aikinta, ta yi aiki a matsayin jagoranci da dama, kamar farfesa akan lactura ta matakin na biyu sabbatical a Sashen [[Faransanci]] a [[Jami'ar Jihar Kaduna]], [[Kaduna (birni)|Kaduna]]. Bugu da kari, ta rike mukamin Farfesa mai ziyara a Sashen [[Faransa]] na [[Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya, Zariya|Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya]], [[Zariya]].<ref name=":1" /> Onyemelukwe fellow ce ta Cibiyar Gudanar da Shawarwari ta Chartered da Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Chartered. Har ila yau, an sanya ta a cikin Contemporary Who's Who (2002-date) and International Who's Who of Professional and Business Women (2002-kwana). A ranar 14 ga watan Oktoba, 2015, ta gabatar da lacca ta farko, tare da mahalarta taron da suka hada da Dr. [[Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme|Alex Ekwueme]] da wasu manyan baki da dama.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ta auri Geoffrey Chukwubuike Onyemelukwe, wani likita mai ba da shawara kuma Farfesa a fannin likitanci da rigakafi a jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke [[Zariya|Zaria]]. Tare, Allah ya albarkace su da yara biyar (5).<ref>{{Cite web |title=PERSONAL INFORMATION–Prof. G.C. Onyemelukwe MON |url=https://www.profgconyemelukwe.com/personal-information/ |access-date=2023-07-24 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> == Zababbun Ayyuka == * Ifeoma Onyemelukwe(2023). History of French-Speaking Nigerian Literature. Our Knowledge Publishing.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Onyemelukwe |first=Ifeoma |url=https://www.amazon.com/History-French-Speaking-Nigerian-Literature-Onyemelukwe/dp/6206222462/ref=sr_1_fkmr0_2?crid=2P1T06CU3H74D&keywords=Ifeoma+Mabel+Onyemelukwe&qid=1689750451&sprefix=ifeoma+mabel+onyemelukwe,aps,383&sr=8-2-fkmr0 |title=History of French-Speaking Nigerian Literature |date=2023-07-14 |publisher=Our Knowledge Publishing |isbn=978-620-6-22246-0 |language=English}}</ref> * Ifeoma Onyemelukwe(2016). Beyond The Boiling Point. Labelle Educational Publishers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Amazon.com : Ifeoma Mabel Onyemelukwe |url=https://www.amazon.com/s?k=Ifeoma+Mabel+Onyemelukwe&crid=2P1T06CU3H74D&sprefix=ifeoma+mabel+onyemelukwe,aps,383&ref=nb_sb_noss |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=www.amazon.com |language=en-us}}</ref> * Onyemelukwe, I. M. (2018). Analysis of Alain Mabanckou’s Bleu-blanc-rouge as a Flipside Work. ''IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts, and Literature (IMPACT: IJRHAL)'', ''6'', 443-454. * Onyemelukwe, I. M. (2021). Ableism activism theory: Emerging perspective in literary criticism. ''Journal of Modern European Languages and Literatures'', ''15'', 1-15. * Onyemelukwe, I. M. (2019). Language Endangerment: The Case of the Igbo Language. ''Journal of Modern European Languages And Literatures'', ''11'', 18-30. * Onyemelukwe, I. M. (2015). Heroism and Antiheroism in Literature in French: Can You See. ''An Inaugural Lecture Series No. 06/15. Zaria: Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria''. * Onyemelukwe, I. M., Muotoo, C. H., & Odudigbo, M. E. (2020). La Thanatologie dans L’ombre D’imana: Voyages Jusqu’au Bout du Rwanda de Veronique Tadjo. ''UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities'', ''21''(1), 71-101. * Onyemelukwe, I. M., Adamu, A. D., & Muotoo, C. H. (2021). Le Griot Dans La Litterature Postcoloniale: Une Etude De Guelwaar De Sembene Ousmane. ''UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities'', ''22''(1), 55-77. * Onyemelukwe, I. M. (2019). Plagiarism or academic theft: typology, indicators and the way out. ''International Journal of Applied and Natural Sciences'', ''8''(2), 9-26. * Onyemelukwe, I. M. (2019). Le Phallocentrisme vis-a-vis du Pouvoir Feminin dans les Proverbes Awka. ''UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities'', ''20''(1), 182-212. == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1950]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] <references />{{Stub}} qcbpcr1cq1gfjhl29b668wf1klthe45 0 66068 549549 355035 2024-12-01T17:15:06Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[File:Prof_Arinola_Sanya.jpg|thumb| Hoton Farfesa Arinola Olasunmbo Sanya da aka dauka a ofishinta da ke Jami’ar Ibadan a shekarar 2013]] [[Fayil:Prof Arinola Sanya.jpg|thumb|Arinola Olasumbo Sanya]] '''Arinola Olasumbo Sanya'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ui.edu.ng/content/citation-professor-arinola-olasumbo-sanya|title=CITATION OF PROFESSOR ARINOLA OLASUMBO SANYA {{!}} UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN|website=ui.edu.ng|language=en|access-date=2017-12-22}}</ref> (an haife shi a shekara ta 1953) farfesa ne a fannin ilimin physiotherapy a Jami'ar Ibadan kuma tsohuwar kwamishiniyar lafiya a [[Oyo (jiha)|jihar Oyo]], [[Najeriya]]. An naɗa Arinola farfesa a shekara ta 2000, inda ta zama farfesa mace ta farko a fannin ilimin physiotherapy a [[Afirka]], kuma ta zama farfesa ta biyu a fannin ilimin physiotherapy a Najeriya. Tana cikin [[Oyo (jiha)|Fitattun ’yan asalin Jihar Oyo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/education/ui-appoints-new-dvc-registrar/ |title=UI appoints new DVC, registrar — the Punch - Nigeria's Most Widely Read Newspaper |accessdate=2012-05-12 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428183508/http://www.punchng.com/education/ui-appoints-new-dvc-registrar/ |archivedate=2012-04-28 }}</ref> Arinola ita ce Mataimakiyar Shugaban Jami'ar [[Ibadan]] na yanzu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=CITATION OF PROFESSOR ARINOLA OLASUMBO SANYA {{!}} UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN|url=https://www.ui.edu.ng/content/citation-professor-arinola-olasumbo-sanya|access-date=2021-05-20|website=www.ui.edu.ng|archive-date=2021-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520091531/https://www.ui.edu.ng/content/citation-professor-arinola-olasumbo-sanya|url-status=dead}}</ref> Arinola ta halarci makarantar Salvation Army Primary School da ke Surulere [[Legas]]. Bayan ta kammala, ta halarci Kwalejin Queens, Yaba, [[Legas]] inda aka mai da ita Head Girl. Ta sami horo a matsayin Likitar Jiki a Jami'ar [[Ibadan]], Cibiyar Horar da physiotherapy ta Firimiya ta Kudu da Sahara. Ta shiga Sashen Nazarin physiotherapy a Jami'ar Ibadan a matsayin mataimakiyar malami a shekarar 1978 inda ta ci gaba da zama Farfesa. Arinola mai ba da shawara ne ga fannin Physiotherapist a Asibitin Kwalejin Jami'ar (UCH), Ibadan. Ta zauna a cikin kwamitocin matakin gudanarwa da yawa a Jami'ar Ibadan kamar kwamitin nadi da cigaba.<ref>{{Cite web|title=CITATION OF PROFESSOR ARINOLA OLASUMBO SANYA {{!}} UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN|url=https://www.ui.edu.ng/content/citation-professor-arinola-olasumbo-sanya|access-date=2021-05-20|website=www.ui.edu.ng|archive-date=2021-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520091531/https://www.ui.edu.ng/content/citation-professor-arinola-olasumbo-sanya|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Sabis na jama'a == An nada ta kwamishiniyar lafiya a [[jihar Oyo]] ([[Najeriya|Nigeria]]) a shekarar 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arinola Olasumbo Sanya|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4790728|access-date=2021-05-20|website=www.wikidata.org|language=en}}</ref> == Iyali == Farfesa Sanya ta auri Dr. Yemi Sanya, masanin harhaɗa magunguna kuma hamshakin attajiri a birnin [[Lagos]] na [[Najeriya]]. Suna da yara hudu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigeria Physiotherapy Network-Arinola O. Sanya |url=https://www.nigeriaphysio.net/en/PT-Resources/Nigeria-Physiotherapy-Hall-of-Fame/View-Hall-of-Fame-Profile-of-some-Nigerian-Physiotherapists/Arinola-O-Sanya |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=www.nigeriaphysio.net}}</ref> == Wallafe-wallafe == * Physical treatment of Buruli (Mycobacterial) ulceration in Nigeria: a case study report<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sanya|first=Arinola Olasumbo|date=1986-01-01|title=Physical treatment of Buruli (Mycobacterial) ulceration in Nigeria: a case study report|url=https://doi.org/10.3109/09593988609022434|journal=Physiotherapy Practice|volume=2|issue=3|pages=138–141|doi=10.3109/09593988609022434|issn=0266-6154}}</ref> * Constraint - Induced Movement Therapy: Determinants and Correlates of Duration of Adherence to Restraint use Among Stroke Survivors with Hemiparesis{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} * Risk factors for low back pain among hospital workers in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sanya|first=A. O.|last2=Omokhodion|first2=F. O.|last3=Ogwumike|first3=O. O.|date=2005-10-01|title=Risk factors for low back pain among hospital workers in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria|url=https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=03313735&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA190793595&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs|journal=Journal of the Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy|language=English|volume=15|issue=2|pages=31–35}}</ref> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Arinola-Sanya * https://www.ui.edu.ng/content/citation-professor-arinola-olasumbo-sanya {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520091531/https://www.ui.edu.ng/content/citation-professor-arinola-olasumbo-sanya |date=2021-05-20 }} * https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4790728 == Manazarta == [[Category:Yarbawa]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1953]] m8w2qunc42flulmvsh2bc2c079epqjk 0 67319 549430 436801 2024-12-01T12:59:00Z Mustysummy 21281 karamin gyara 549430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tarihin Tsibirin'''<ref>http://www.awn.com/mag/issue1.5/articles/segall1.5.html</ref> Ƙungiyar Jama'a ce mai yawa lakabin rikodin mallakar taƘungiyar Kiɗa ta Duniya. An kafa ta a cikin 1959 ta hanyar Chris Blackwell,Graeme Goodall, da kumaLeslie Konga cikin Jamaica,kuma daga ƙarshe an sayar da ita g aPolyGrama cikin 1989. Tsibirin daRubuce-rubucen A&M, wani lakabin da PolyGram ta samu kwanan nan, duka biyu a lokacin sun kasance mafi girmalakabin rikodin masu zaman kansua tarihi, tare da tsibirin da ya yi babban tasiri a kan yanayin kiɗa mai ci gaba a Burtaniya a farkon shekarun 1970. Island Records tana aiki da ƙungiyoyi huɗu na duniya: Island US, Island UK, Island Australia, da Island France (wanda aka sani da Vertigo France har zuwa 2014). Mutanen da ke cikin yanzu sun hada da shugaban tsibirin AmurkaDarcus Beese,da kuma MD Jon Turner. A wani bangare saboda muhimmiyar abin da ya gada, tsibirin ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan alamun rikodin UMG.<ref>http://daily.redbullmusicacademy.com/2013/06/toots-and-the-maytals-live-album</ref> {{Stub}} == Manazarta == 5f47io2ksqlh9wvvghu7poioobpisfi 0 68126 550018 542732 2024-12-02T05:56:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 550018 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Vuelve, Ricky Martin, Viña del Mar International Song Festival (2014).ogv|thumb|ricky martin]] [[Fayil:Loaded - Ricky Martin, Viña del Mar International Song Festival (2014).ogv|thumb|ricky martin]] '''Ricky" Martín Morales''' (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Disamba, shekarar alif 1971) mawaƙi ne kuma marubucin waƙa na Puerto Rican. An san shi da ƙwarewar kiɗa, tare da faifan sa da ke kunshe da abubuwa da yawa, kamar su Latin pop, rawa, reggaeton, salsa, da sauran nau'ikan ayyuka. An haife shi a San Juan, Martin ya fara bayyana a cikin tallace-tallace na talabijin yana da shekaru tara kuma ya fara aikinsa na kiɗa yana da goma sha biyu, a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar yarinya ta Puerto Rican Menudo . Ya fara aikinsa na solo a shekarar 1991 yayin da yake cikin Sony Music Mexico, ya sami karbuwa a Latin Amurka tare da sakin kundi biyu na farko, ''Ricky Martin'' (1991) da ''Ni Amaras'' (1993), dukansu biyu sun mai da hankali kan ballads. Kundin Martin na uku, A Medio Vivir (1995), ya taimaka masa ya zama sananne a kasashen yankin Turai. Ɗaya daga cikin ginshiƙan "María", ya haɗa da cakuda nau'ikan kiɗa na Latin kuma ya zama na farko na duniya. Nasarar da ya samu a duniya ta kara karfafawa tare da kundi na huɗu, Vuelve (1998). Kundin, wanda ya ba Martin lambar yabo ta Grammy ta farko, ya haifar da waƙoƙin "Vuelve" da "La Copa de la Vida". Martin ya yi wannan na ƙarshe a 41st Annual Grammy Awards . Kundin sa na farko na Turanci, ''Ricky Martin'' (1999) ya zama lambar farko ta Amurka ''Billboard'' 200 . Jagoran "Livin' la Vida Loca" ya hau kan duka ''Billboard'' Hot 100 da UK Singles Chart. Nasarar Martin a ƙarshen shekarun 1990 ana ganinta gabaɗaya a matsayin farkon " fashewar Latin". An yaba masa don haɓaka nau'in kiɗa na Latin zuwa sanarwa ta al'ada, yana shirya hanya ga yawancin masu fasahar Latin don cimma nasarar duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mtv.com/news/3112345/camila-cabello-grammys-opening-havana/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-01-29 |archive-date=2022-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116114521/https://www.mtv.com/news/3112345/camila-cabello-grammys-opening-havana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.billboard.com/culture/pride/ricky-martin-william-hung-sing-she-bangs-video-8459128/</ref> Martin tun daga lokacin ya fitar da kundi da yawa masu nasara, ciki har da Almas del Silencio (2003) da ''MTV Unplugged'' (2006), da kuma wanda Ta fashe kyautar Grammy A Quien Quiera Escuchar (2015). Shahararrun mutane a wannan lokacin sun hada da "She Bangs", "Babu Wanda Yake Son Lonely", "Tal Vez", "Tu Recuerdo", "La Mordidita", "Vente Pa' Ca", da kuma "Canción Bonita". A matsayinsa na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, Martin ya taka rawa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na sabulu na General Hospital (1994-1996), yayin da ya nuna Antonio D'Amico a cikin Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story (2018) ya ba shi gabatarwa ta Emmy. Ya kuma fito a matsayin Ché a cikin farfadowar Broadway na Evita a cikin 2012. Martin yana daya daga cikin masu sayar da kiɗa na Latin mafi kyau a kowane lokaci, bayan ya sayar da rikodin sama da miliyan 70 a duk duniya. Ya zira kwallaye 11 na ''Billboard'' Hot Latin Songs lambar yabo daya, kuma ya lashe Grammy Awards guda biyu, biyar Latin Grammy Awards, biyar MTV Video Music Awards, biyu American Music Awards, uku Latin American Music Awards، uku Billboard Music Awards, tara Billboard Latin Music Awards, takwas World Music Awards, goma sha huɗu Lo Nuestro Awards, ''Guinness World Record'', da kuma tauraron a kan Hollywood Walk of Fame. Ayyukansa na taimakon jama'a da gwagwarmayarsa suna mai da hankali kan Hakkin LGBT da yaki da fataucin mutane; a cikin shekara ta 2004, ya kafa Gidauniyar Ricky Martin, ƙungiya mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta wanda ke mai da hankali ga fallasa fataucin ɗan adam da ilimantarwa game da wanzuwar aikata laifuka.<ref>https://deadline.com/video/ricky-martin-gianni-versace-emmys-interview-the-actors-side-video/</ref> == Manazarta == s4a3vk12bgus8fbbmqbb82cu1v3uwfv 0 68127 550015 542731 2024-12-02T05:53:30Z Pharouqenr 25549 550015 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Anna Maxwell Martin 2019.png|thumb|yar wasan kwaikwayo Anna Maxwell Martin]] '''Anna Maxwell Martin''' (an haifi Anna '''Charlotte Martin'''; Ranar 10 ga watan Mayu shekarar 1977),  wani lokacin ana kiranta da '''Anna Maxwell-Martin''', ta kasance 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta ƙasar Burtaniya. Ta lashe lambar yabo ta gidan talabijin na Kwalejin Burtaniya sau biyu, saboda hotunan Esther Summerson a cikin B GHBC na Bleak House (2005) da N a cikin Channel 4 na ''Poppy Shakespeare'' (2008). An kuma san ta da rawar da ta taka a matsayin DCS Patricia Carmichael a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka na BBC One Line of Duty (2019-2021) da Kelly Major a cikin Code 404 (2020-yanzu). Tun daga shekara tadubu biyu da sha shidda 2016, Martin ta fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na BBC Motherland, wanda aka zaba ta don kyautar BAFTA don Mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na mata.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2006/oct/11/theatre1</ref><ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/roger-michell-death-notting-hill-b1925772.html</ref> [[Fayil:The Billboard 1904-02-27- Vol 16 Iss 9 (IA sim billboard 1904-02-27 16 9).pdf|thumb|Anna Maxwell Martin]] Ayyukanta na wasan kwaikwayo sun haɗa da rawar da Lyra Belacqua ta taka a cikin samar da Dark Materials (2003-2004) a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2021/may/01/anna-maxwell-martin-from-sinister-line-of-duty-cop-to-harried-mum-who-makes-us-laugh</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == [[Fayil:Anna Maxwell Martin 2019.png|thumb|Anna Maxwell Martin]] haifi Anna Charlotte Martin a Beverley a ranar 27 ga watan Mayu 1977 ga Rosalind (née Youngson) da Ivan Martin. Mahaifinta ya kasance manajan darektan kamfanin magunguna kuma mahaifiyarta masanin kimiyya ce. Mahaifiyarta ta bar aikinta don tayar da Anna da babban ɗan'uwanta, Adam. Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Beverley, inda ta bayyana a wasan kwaikwayo na makaranta. Bayan ta bar makaranta, Martin ta yi karatun tarihi a Jami'ar Liverpool.<ref>https://metro.co.uk/2021/04/18/line-of-duty-who-is-anna-maxwell-martins-dci-patricia-carmichael-14429458/</ref> == Manazarta == g9c00xvihm4lz7itqchserg08efwdf3 550017 550015 2024-12-02T05:54:48Z Pharouqenr 25549 550017 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Anna Maxwell Martin 2019.png|thumb|yar wasan kwaikwayo Anna Maxwell Martin]] '''Anna Maxwell Martin''' (an haifi Anna '''Charlotte Martin'''; Ranar 10 ga watan Mayu shekarar 1977),  wani lokacin kuma ana kiranta da '''Anna Maxwell-Martin''', ta kasance 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta ƙasar Burtaniya. Ta lashe lambar yabo ta gidan talabijin na Kwalejin Burtaniya sau biyu, saboda hotunan Esther Summerson a cikin B GHBC na Bleak House (2005) da N a cikin Channel 4 na ''Poppy Shakespeare'' (2008). An kuma san ta da rawar da ta taka a matsayin DCS Patricia Carmichael a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na aikata laifuka na BBC One Line of Duty (2019-2021) da Kelly Major a cikin Code 404 (2020-yanzu). Tun daga shekara tadubu biyu da sha shidda 2016, Martin ta fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na BBC Motherland, wanda aka zaba ta don kyautar BAFTA don Mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na mata.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2006/oct/11/theatre1</ref><ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/roger-michell-death-notting-hill-b1925772.html</ref> [[Fayil:The Billboard 1904-02-27- Vol 16 Iss 9 (IA sim billboard 1904-02-27 16 9).pdf|thumb|Anna Maxwell Martin]] Ayyukanta na wasan kwaikwayo sun haɗa da rawar da Lyra Belacqua ta taka a cikin samar da Dark Materials (2003-2004) a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2021/may/01/anna-maxwell-martin-from-sinister-line-of-duty-cop-to-harried-mum-who-makes-us-laugh</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == [[Fayil:Anna Maxwell Martin 2019.png|thumb|Anna Maxwell Martin]] haifi Anna Charlotte Martin a Beverley a ranar 27 ga watan Mayu 1977 ga Rosalind (née Youngson) da Ivan Martin. Mahaifinta ya kasance manajan darektan kamfanin magunguna kuma mahaifiyarta masanin kimiyya ce. Mahaifiyarta ta bar aikinta don tayar da Anna da babban ɗan'uwanta, Adam. Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Beverley, inda ta bayyana a wasan kwaikwayo na makaranta. Bayan ta bar makaranta, Martin ta yi karatun tarihi a Jami'ar Liverpool.<ref>https://metro.co.uk/2021/04/18/line-of-duty-who-is-anna-maxwell-martins-dci-patricia-carmichael-14429458/</ref> == Manazarta == gi18opg09xcwrka4okgb8tbvgox2rxs 0 68850 549848 535715 2024-12-01T21:37:30Z Ifteehern 31255 Nayi Gyara 549848 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:History of the United States (microform) - from their first settlement as colonies, to the close of the war with Great Britain, in 1815 (IA cihm 45559).pdf|thumb|buud yam]] '''''Buud Yam''''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi [[Burkina Faso|na Burkinabé]] na shekarar 1997 wanda Gaston Kaboré ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni. Shine cikon fim ɗin ''Wend Kuuni''. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2001, shi ne fim ɗin da ya fi shahara [[Afirka|a Afirka]] a Burkina Faso.<ref>{{cite web | last = Steinglass | first = Matt | title = Open Windows On Distant Worlds; In Burkina Faso, An African Cannes | publisher = [[The New York Times Company]] | year = 2001 | url = http://www.polepole123.com/PressPix/BK_filmfest.htm | accessdate = 2008-01-16 | archive-date = 2006-07-21 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060721172728/http://www.polepole123.com/PressPix/BK_filmfest.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref> Ba a san ma'anar taken ba: ''buud'' na iya nufin duka "kakanni" da "zuriya", yayin da ''yam'' yana nufin "ruhu" ko " hankali."<ref name=Barlet>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z2SyDAAAQBAJ&q=%22Buud+Yam%22+soul&pg=PT291|title=Contemporary African Cinema|first=Olivier|last=Barlet|author-link=Olivier Barlet|date=1 August 2016|publisher=MSU Press|via=Google Books|isbn=9781628952704}}</ref> An fassara shi azaman ''Soul of the Group''.<ref>{{cite journal|title="I am a Storyteller, Drawing Water from the Well of My Culture": Gaston Kaboré, Griot of African Cinema|first1=Michael T.|last1=Martin|first2=Gaston|last2=Kaboré|date=30 August 2018|journal=Research in African Literatures|volume=33|issue=4|pages=161–179|jstor = 3820506}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dZ4pAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Buud+Yam%22+soul|title=Research in African Literatures|date=30 August 2018|publisher=African and Afro-American Studies and Research Center, University of Texas [at Austin|via=Google Books}}</ref> == Labarin fim == Fim ɗin yana nuna al'adar baka ta Afirka.<ref>{{cite web | title = Africa South of the Sahara | publisher = [[FilmReference.com]] | year = 2007 | url = http://www.filmreference.com/encyclopedia/Academy-Awards-Crime-Films/Africa-South-of-the-Sahara-NATIONAL-CINEMAS.html | accessdate =2008-01-16 }}</ref> Set in a nineteenth century village, it follows a group of characters from Kaboré's debut film ''[[Wend Kuuni]]''.<ref name="AMG">{{cite web | last = Deming | first = Mark | title = Budd Yam | publisher = [[Allmovie]] | url = https://www.allmovie.com/cg/avg.dll?p=avg&sql=1:155006~T0 | accessdate =2008-01-16 }}</ref> An saita shi a cikin ƙauyen a ƙarni na goma sha tara, yana biye da ƙungiyar haruffa daga fim ɗin farko na Kaboré ''Wend Kuuni''. Wend Kuuni ( [[Serge Yanogo]] ) wani matashi ne da ake zargin yana da hannu, ta hanyar yin amfani da [[Tsafi|sihiri]], don rashin lafiyar 'yar uwarsa da aka yi reno. Don taimaka wa 'yar'uwarsa, da kuma share sunansa, ya yi ƙoƙari ya nemo mai warkarwa wanda ke amfani da almara "ganye na zaki". Yana kuma neman tushensa.<ref name="AMG" /><ref>{{cite web | title = Buud Yam Synopsis | publisher = [[British Film Institute]] | url = http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/553050?view=synopsis | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090121062635/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/553050?view=synopsis | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2009-01-21 | accessdate =2008-02-11 }}</ref> == Rarrabawa da kyaututtuka == A cikin shekara ta 1997, an nuna ''Buud Yam'' a bikin Fim na Cannes a lokacin Directors Fortnight kuma yana da farkonsa na [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]] a bikin Fim na Duniya na Toronto. Ya lashe kyautar Etalon de Yennega (The Grand prize) a bikin Fim da Talabijin na Panafrica na 15 na Ouagadougou.<ref>{{cite news|title=Toronto festival gets 'Eve's Bayou' preem |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=1997-07-08 |url=https://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=festivals&jump=story&id=1061&articleid=VR1116675837&cs=1 |accessdate=2008-01-16 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080203110706/http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=festivals |archivedate=February 3, 2008 }}</ref> == 'Yan wasa == * [[Colette Kaboré]] a matsayin Lalle * [[Amssatou Maïga]] a matsayin Pughneere * [[Sévérine Oueddouda]] a matsayin Komkeita * [[Boureima Ouedraogo]] a matsayin Razugu * [[Augustine Yameogo]] a matsayin inna * [[Serge Yanogo]] a matsayin Wend Kuuni == Manazarta == [[Category:1997 films]] [[Category:Films directed by Gaston Kaboré]] [[Category:Films set in the 19th century]] [[Category:More-language films]] [[Category:1990s historical drama films]] [[Category:Films set in pre-colonial sub-Saharan Africa]] [[Category:1997 drama films]] [[Category:Burkinabé drama films]] [[Category:Films scored by Michel Portal]] kjg2owwmpho3pqnjvtzz1m33buvsfmh 0 68864 549613 523162 2024-12-01T18:37:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Akasha''''' (mai salo kamar '''''aKasha''''' ; transl. Zagaye ) wani fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na barkwanci na Sudan a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha takwas 2018 wanda Hajooj Kuka ya rubuta kuma ya bayar da umarni game da wani sojan Sudan da ya shiga tsakanin soyayya da budurwar sa da [[AK-47]] . A baya Kuka ya ba da umarnin shirya fina-finai da yawa. Akasha shine fim ɗinsa na farko mai ba da labari kuma an buɗe shi a bikin Fim na Venice ranar 31 ga watan Agusta, na shekarar 2018. == Makirci == Adnan ya samu hutu daga aikinsa na sojan juyin-juya hali na harbo jirgin saman yaki na MiG, kuma a yanzu ya bayyana soyayyarsa ga AK-47 da ke da alhakin harbin, inda ya sanyawa bindiga suna Nancy. Budurwarsa Lina ba ta ji daɗin wannan soyayyar ba, don haka ta kore shi. A cikin sa'o'i ashirin da huɗu 24 masu zuwa, kwamandan nasa ya yi ƙoƙari ya tattara dukan waɗanda suka gudu, kuma Adnan ya tsara shirye-shirye don dawo da Nancy, wanda ya bar shi da gangan a gidan Lina. A kan hanyar yana taimakon wani mai gudun hijira, Absi, wanda ya yarda da zaman lafiya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shiri |first=Keith |title=Don't miss! Four films for Thursday 11 October |work=British Film Institute |date=11 October 2018 |accessdate=31 August 2019 |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/features/lff-62-four-films-11-oct |archive-date=31 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190831203321/https://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/features/lff-62-four-films-11-oct |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= Agarwal |first=Manish |title= Three to see at LFF if you like... African films |work= British Film Institute |date=8 October 2018 |accessdate= 31 August 2019 |url = https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/lff-62-three-see-african-films}}</ref> == Yin wasan kwaikwayo == * Kamal Ramadaan a matsayin Adnan * Ekram Marcus ya fito a matsayin Lina * Mohammed Chakado ya fito a matsayin Absi * Abdallah Alnur ya fito a matsayin Blues == Production == Kuka ya hadu da wasu manyan jarumai guda biyu, Mohamed Chakado da Kamal Ramadan, a lokacin da suke koyar da wasan kwaikwayo a wata cibiyar matasa ta yankin, inda suka yanke shawarar saka su a cikin fim ɗin. Ya jefa Ekram Marcus don ya yi wasa da Lina saboda ta yi kama da halin: zaɓar neman ilimi maimakon yin aure. == Saki == Fim ɗin ya fara a Venice Film Festival a ranar talatin da ɗaya ga watan Agusta 31, 2018, da kuma nunawa a Toronto International Film Festival . Biyu daga cikin jaruman, Kamal Ramadan da Mohamed Chakado, ba su iya halartar bukukuwan ba saboda [[Uganda]] ta ki ba su izinin tafiya a lokacin da suke jiran takardar shaidar zama ‘yan gudun hijira. Har ila yau, an nuna fim din a bikin Africa in Motion a [[Edinburgh]] . == liyafar == ''aKasha'' ya sami ra'ayoyi daban-daban. Alvise Mainardi na ''Non Solo Cinema'' ya rubuta cewa duk da cewa kasafin kuɗi kaɗan ya bayyana, yana da wuya a ƙi son shi. Martina Barone ta ''Cinematographe'' ta ji cewa yayin da wasan kwaikwayo na ƴan wasan sukan ja da baya ingancin fim ɗin, wannan fitowar ta farko ta nuna cewa daraktan yana da hazakar yin fim. == Duba kuma == * [[Sinima a Sudan|Cinema na Sudan]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] g6wh6oej4fy98wryh0bk817dhxv1ewl 0 68895 550425 378475 2024-12-02T11:39:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Issakaba''' wanda shine anagram ga Bakassi fim ne da [[Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen]] ya samar a shekara ta 2001, kuma ya dogara ne akan abubuwan da suka faru na rayuwa. 'Yan Afirka da yawa suna ɗaukarsa a matsayin fim din Afirka mafi girma a kowane lokaci. Fim din ya shafi 'yan mata masu tsaron gida da ake kira Bakassi Boys suna yaki da laifuka kamar fashi da makamai da shari'o'in kisan kai wadanda ke haifar da tsoro da tsoro a cikin al'umma. ila yau, ya nuna yakin da aka yi da Eddy Nawgu wani mai sihiri wanda ya tsoratar da mutanen al'ummar Nawgu a [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dla.library.upenn.edu/dla/vcat/record.html?id=VCAT_4125490|title=Issakaba (2001)|website=dla.library.upenn.edu|accessdate=7 December 2018|archive-date=9 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124230/http://dla.library.upenn.edu/dla/vcat/record.html?id=VCAT_4125490|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/remembering-chukwuka-emelionwu-5-greatest-nollywood-movies-id7861733.html|title=Remembering Chukwuka Emelionwu: 5 classic movies by late Nollywood filmmaker|first=Chidumga|last=Izuzu|website=www.pulse.ng|accessdate=7 December 2018|archive-date=9 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124027/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/remembering-chukwuka-emelionwu-5-greatest-nollywood-movies-id7861733.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Abubuwan da shirin ya kunsa == Yaran Issakaba da Ebube ke jagoranta dole ne su yi yaƙi da 'yan fashi da ke dauke da makamai waɗanda ke tsoratar da al'ummarsu. 'Yan fashi masu dauke da makamai suna da wasu iko na asiri waɗanda suke amfani da su a cikin ayyukan fashi. Saboda wannan, Ebube da tawagarsa na Issakaba maza sun kuma sami iko wanda ya ba su damar yaki da fashi. Fim din yana cike aiki, tsoro da wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Izuzu |first1=Chidumga |title=A tribute to "Issakaba," the greatest Nigerian action movie ever |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/throwbackthursday-a-tribute-to-issakaba-the-greatest-nigerian-action-movie-ever-id6881040.html |website=pulse,ng |publisher=Chidumga Izuzu |accessdate=10 November 2018 |archive-date=10 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110080411/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/throwbackthursday-a-tribute-to-issakaba-the-greatest-nigerian-action-movie-ever-id6881040.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ƴan wasan kwaikwayo == * [[Sam Dede]] * Chiwet Agualu * Pete Eneh * [[Amaechi Muonagor]] * Susan Obi * Mike Ogundu * [[Mr. Ibu|John Okafor]] * Andy Chukwu * [[Zulu Adigwe]] * [[Diewait Ikpechukwu]] * Remmy Ohajianya * Emeka Nwafor * Tom Njemanze * Uche Odoputa * Emeka Ani == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb title|8239836}} [[Category:Fim]] [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] jogfszdu3rctj7cno92gmg8hi0wzvys 0 68897 550372 374630 2024-12-02T11:12:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Invasion 1897''''' [[Sinima a Najeriya|fim]] ne na Najeriya wanda ya sake nuna abubuwan da suka faru a tarihi wanda ya ƙare a watan Fabrairu, 1897, lalacewa da fashi na tsohuwar masarautar Afirka ta Yamma ta [[Masarautar Benin|Benin]]; da kuma korar da gudun hijira na sarki da ya taɓa iko. Fim din wanda [[Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen]] ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni an sake shi a cikin 2014 kuma yana nuna 'yan wasan [[Nollywood]] da yawa ciki har da [[Segun Arinze]], Paul Obazele da [[Charles Inojie]] . labarin samo asali ne daga labarin wani saurayi yarima na Benin, wanda aka kama shi kuma aka kawo shi gaban shari'a saboda satar kayan tarihi na tarihi daga gidan kayan gargajiya na Burtaniya da tafiyarsa cikin tarihi don kare kansa.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/39018850|title=An Interpretation of Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen's "Invasion 1897"|journal=International Journal of Zambrut (International Journal of Social, Politics & Humanities)|last1=Onwuliri|first1=Edmund|date=January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/best-of-nollywood-awards-2015-see-full-list-of-winners/ywx13ye|title = See full list of winners|date = 14 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/invasion-1897-review-id7977293.html|title=Invasion 1897 review|last=Somuah-Annan|first=Grace Afua|access-date=2018-11-24|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124055113/https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/invasion-1897-review-id7977293.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Ikemefuna Obidiaso|title=Invasion 1897 - Nollywood Movie Official Trailer|date=2016-11-30|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zG2LrAZFEwY|access-date=2018-11-24}}</ref> A BON Awards, an zabi Invasion 1897 don mafi kyawun fim, mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, mafi kyawun sakamako na musamman, mafi kyawun gyara kuma ya lashe don Mafi kyawun fim, ƙirar sauti mafi kyau da Darakta mafi kyau.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nigerianentertainment.com/2015/12/14/2015-best-of-nollywood-bon-awards-full-list-of-winners/|title=2015 BON Awards -Best of Nollywood Full List of Winners|date=13 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bonawards.com/ |title=Home |website=bonawards.com |access-date=2024-02-12 |archive-date=2020-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013002045/https://www.bonawards.com// |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb title|5260860}} [[Category:Fim]] [[Category:Fina-finai]] [[Category:Fina-finan Najeriya]] ou1bej51qlqf4escghhbwe2ercgzimb 0 69047 550098 436154 2024-12-02T06:58:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Glamour Girls''''' fim ne [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] na 2022 wanda Bunmi Adesoye ya jagoranta kuma Abimbola Craig ya samar da shi. <ref>[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/06/25/amazing-glamour-girls-finally-lands-on-netflix/ Amazing ‘Glamour Girls’ Finally Lands on Netflix]</ref> sake shi a kan [[Netflix]], taurari ne [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]], [[Sharon Ooja]], Joselyn Dumas, [[Toke Makinwa]] da Segilola Ogidan a matsayin mata da ke shiga cikin salon rayuwa mai ban sha'kaiwa da alatu ta hanyar rakawa. Glamour Girls da farko an gabatar da ita a matsayin sakewa, amma daga baya an sake fasalin labarin asali tare da labarin daban-daban da haruffa daban-daban, kuma wasu 'yan wasan kwaikwayo daga fim din 1994 sun bayyana. Bayan an kori Emma (Sharon Ooja) daga aikinta na cirewa, sai ta kusanci Donna - mai tsarawa na ciki wanda ke yin amfani da wata a matsayin mai sayarwa - wanda ya ƙi yarinyar kira mai girma a kan dalilan rashin cancanta, amma ya sake tunani bayan Emma ta tabbatar wa Donna damar da take da ita. Wani gyare-gyare ya biyo baya, kuma an gabatar da Emma mara kyau ga duniyar manyan masu kula da ita amma abokan ciniki na Donna masu girman kaiwa sun yi watsi da ita, har sai Zeribe - mai tsaron jiki wanda ya furta cewa ya tsara ta don sata a kulob din - ya gabatar da Emma ga sabon shugabansa Segun (Femi Branch) wanda sannu a hankali ya haskaka sabon sabon sabon sabon dan Donna. Louise ([[Toke Makinwa]]) - mai mallakar kantin sayar da kayayyaki kuma a cikin aikin Donna - ta firgita bayan gano mijinta na [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] Aaron (Uzor Arukwe) ya tashi zuwa Najeriya don mamakin ita da 'ya'yansu mata biyu. Ta sami damar ɓoye aikinta na sirri, amma Haruna yana ƙara tuhuma lokacin da take yawan barin gidansu da daddare a ƙarƙashin ƙarya don saduwa da ƙaunatacciyar Lebanon, Fadi (Cezar Obayan). Donna ta shawarce ta da ta tura Haruna zuwa Amurka kafin ya gano gaskiyar, amma ya kara zamansa. Jemma ta ziyarci tsohuwar abokiyarta Donna wacce ba ta gafarta mata ba saboda karya dokar zinariya ta hukumar kula da tsaro: ''Kada ka ba da ƙaunarka kyauta''. Mijin Jemma mai fama da rashin lafiya, Desmond, yana fuskantar janyewar tallafin rayuwa sai dai idan matarsa ta biya bashin kiwon lafiya. Da farko ta ƙi buƙatar Donna ta koma ga jigilar kaya don musayar kuɗi amma daga ƙarshe ta ba da gudummawa bayan ta ƙare da zaɓuɓɓuka. A wani babban biki da ta halarta tare da Donna da 'yanta mata, Jemma ta kama ido na Alexander (Lynxxx), abokin kasuwanci na biloniya Cif Nkem ([[Ejike Asiegbu]]) wanda Donna ke jin daɗin yin hulɗa da shi lokaci-lokaci. Jemma da Alexander sun kwana tare kuma nan take suka fara dangantaka. Ba da daɗewa ba, an kashe na'urar tallafawa rayuwar Desmond. Watanni shida bayan Emma ta kammala makaranta da kuma karatun kasuwanci a Ireland, Segun ya yi amfani da haɗin kai don tabbatar mata da aiki a matsayin manajan banki duk da ƙarancin cancanta. Koyaya, ya ki tsoma baki lokacin da 'yarsa ta fallasa abubuwan da suka gabata na Emma a fili, kuma ya ci gaba da wulakanta ta hanyar neman tsalle-tsalle tare da Zeribe. Cikin fushi, ta tashi, amma Zeribe ta ba da shawarar ta yi biyayya da umarnin Segun don kada ya maye gurbin ta da wata mace. Ta yarda da rashin son rai, amma ba kafin ya yaudari Zeribe ba, kuma Segun ya ji su suna yin jima'i a ƙarƙashin rufinsa amma bai rama ba. Matsalar ta kuma faru a gidan Louise bayan da Haruna ya yi tuntuɓe a taron sirri na matarsa da Fadi, kuma ya gudu zuwa Amurka tare da 'ya'yansu mata, yana buƙatar mahaifiyarsu ta biya tallafin yaro ko kuma ya fuskanci fushinsa. Jemma ta kashe Alexander lokacin da ta kama shi yana lalata da ɗanta, kuma ya nemi taimakon Donna da mataimakin Tommy (Temisan Emmanuel), don zubar da jikin. Donna ta sami labarai masu banƙyama lokacin da Jahannama (Segilola Ogidan) - mai kula da iyali mai arziki - ya mutu daga shan miyagun ƙwayoyi bayan ya gano cewa tana da ciki ba tare da sanin asalin mahaifin ba. A jana'izar, Nkem ya bayyana cewa Alexander shi ne mai lissafinsa, amma kamar yadda Jemma ke da alaƙa da shi, an dauke ta a matsayin wanda ake zargi bayan da ya yi aiki da biliyoyin kamfaninsa. Donna ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Beirut]] inda ta roƙi masu ba da shawara - Doris ([[Gloria Young|Gloria Anozie-Young]]) da Thelma ([[Dolly Unachukwu]]) daga fim din na asali - don yin roƙo ga Nkem wanda ya fara tayar da 'yanta mata, amma mata biyu ba sa son yin aiki tare. Bayan dawowar Donna zuwa Najeriya, masu tsaron gida a ƙarshe sun gano motar (Alexander ya sa shi a matsayin abin rufe fuska), kuma tare da taimakon wani ɗan fashin kwamfuta na Francophone wanda ke buƙatar jima'i da Emma don musayar hidimarsa, sun gano motar ta ƙunshi adadi mafi girma fiye da yadda ake tsammani. Koyaya, Zeribe ya yi wa mata biyu kuma a asirce ya dasa kwafin a kan Emma, wanda, a cikin maimaita abubuwan da suka faru a taron su na farko, ya ɓoye ainihin motar a cikin aljihunsa, kuma magoya bayan Nkem sun ɗauke shi, roƙonsa na rashin laifi ya fadi a kunnuwan kurma. Fim din ya ƙare tare da wahayi cewa Donna ta yi amfani da flash drive a asirce wanda ke dauke da wani ɓangare na kuɗin. == Ƴan wasan kwaikwayo == * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Donna * [[Sharon Ooja]] a matsayin Emmanuella (Emma) * Joselyn Dumas a matsayin Jemma * [[Toke Makinwa]] a matsayin Louisa (Lulu) * Segilola Ogidan a matsayin Helion (Hell) * Uzor Arukwe a matsayin Haruna * Temisan Emmanuel a matsayin Tommy * Lynxxx a matsayin Alexander * James Gardiner a matsayin Zeribe * [[Ejike Asiegbu]] a matsayin Nze * Femi Branch a matsayin Segun (Sheggy) * [[Gloria Young|Gloria Anozie-Young]] a matsayin Sarauniya Doris * [[Dolly Unachukwu]] a matsayin Sarauniya Thelma* === Bayani === {{Small|Unachukwu—Maureen in the original movie—was cast as Thelma in the 2022 remake, originally played by [[Ngozi Ezeonu]].}} == Karɓuwa == Bincike <ref>[https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/glamour-girls-a-story-with-no-story-pulse-contributors-opinion/hpcsn24 Glamour Girls: A story with no story]</ref> Glamour Girls ba shi da kyau, tare da Pulse Nigeria yana kwatanta fim din a matsayin "labari ba tare da labarin ba". Premium Times <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nollywoodpost.com/post/glamour-girls-2022-with-all-its-vibes-could-still-use-an-actual-plot |title=Glamour Girls (2022), with all its vibes, could still use an actual plot |access-date=2024-02-13 |archive-date=2022-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928160012/https://nollywoodpost.com/post/glamour-girls-2022-with-all-its-vibes-could-still-use-an-actual-plot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> yaba da fina-finai na Glamour Girls da wuraren yin fim, amma ya soki makircin, wasan kwaikwayo, da sauti, yana kwatanta shi da Cif Daddy 2, wani fim na Nollywood tare da sake dubawa, [1] yayin da ''Nollywood Post'' ya soki makirar fim din. <ref>[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/539281-movie-review-glamour-girls-will-make-you-reconsider-watching-nollywood-movies.html Nse Ikpe-Etim, Sharon Ooja, Jocelyn Dumas and Toke Makinwa are the lead cast of Glamour Girls Movie review: Glamour Girls will make you reconsider watching Nollywood movies]</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb title|id=tt20604466}} [[Category:Fim]] ch91vk254rxorzwqkftspi2m8s5ou6x 0 69049 550097 525842 2024-12-02T06:57:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Glamour Girls''''' fim na [[Nollywood]] mai kashi biyu game da mata masu zaman kansu da ke fara samun 'yancin kansu a cikin al'ummar gargajiya ta Najeriya ta hanyar raka'a.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tns.ng/retro-review-glamour-girls-2/|title=Retro Review: Glamour Girls 2|date=29 May 2016|website=TNS|language=en-GB|access-date=17 January 2020|archive-date=10 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110190524/https://tns.ng/retro-review-glamour-girls-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Glamour Girls|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0765064/|access-date=17 January 2020}}</ref> Fim din ya sami karbuwa sosai a Najeriya, [1] kuma ya fito da [[Liz Benson]], [[Ngozi Ezeonu|Ngozi Ikpelue]], [[Eucharia Anunobi]], Pat Attah, Ernest Obi, [[Zack Orji]], da sauransu. === Sashe na I - ''<nowiki/>'Yan mata masu ban sha'awa'' === Da yake takaici da iyakantaccen nasarorin da ta samu da kuma rashin iya riƙe kyakkyawar dangantaka tare da masu neman shiga, yarinyar da ba ta da kuɗi Sandra ([[Jennifer Okere]]) ta koma Legas bayan abokiyarta Doris ([[Gloria Young|Gloria Anozie]]) ta ba da gudummawa don taimaka mata ta sami matsayinta a matsayin 'babbar yarinya'. Tare da taimakon Doris da ɗayan abokinsa Thelma ([[Ngozi Ezeonu|Ngozi Ikpelue]]), Sandra ta sadu da mai arziki Esiri (Peter Bunor) wanda nan take ya ba ta aure kuma ya ba ta aiki tare da bankinsa, amma wannan sabon matsayi yana barazana lokacin da Dennis (Pat Attah), mai gwagwarmaya mai neman aiki shekaru da yawa ya girme Sandra, ya nuna sha'awar ta. Sandra ta rabu tsakanin maza biyu amma a ƙarshe ta zaɓi Dennis, ga takaici ga Esiri wanda aka raina wanda ya yi rantsuwa da lalata Sandra. Doris, wacce tun daga lokacin ta fadi da tsohuwar abokiyarta bayan gardama, ta amince da shawarar da ya yanke. Jane ([[Liz Benson]]), wata 'babban yarinya' ta Legas wacce ta halarci makaranta tare da Doris da Thelma, ta shirya auren Desmond (Sola Fosudo), wani attajiri dan kasuwa wanda ya kasance mai ba da gudummawa ga budurwarsa duk da karbar gargadi daga mahaifiyarta mai makirci wanda ya bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da rayuwar Jane ta baya. Bayan da Desmond ya shiga hatsarin mota wanda ya bar shi nakasa, Jane ta kama idon mai neman shugaban kasa Alex (Raymond Johnson) wanda ya bukaci ta bar Desmond don kansa. Ba da daɗewa ba ta gano cewa burin sabon masoyinta na shugaban kasa yaudara ce don yaudarar ta daga kuɗin ta bayan ta saki Desmond wanda har yanzu yake murmurewa a asibiti. Jane ta yi nadamar saduwa da Alex, kuma ta shirya fansa. A cikin girmamawa ga Pretty Woman, babban karuwa Helen (Barbara Odoh) ya yarda ya kwashe mako guda tare da ɗan kasuwa na software (JT Tom West) bayan ya hayar ta don dare kuma kyakkyawa da asalin ta mamaye shi. Kafin ganawarsu ta shiga karuwanci a matsayin hanyar samun jari-hujja, ta zargi maza marasa laifi da kin biyan kuɗin ayyukanta, ta yi wa abokin ciniki na yau da kullun Esiri cin zarafi tare da hotuna masu banƙyama, kuma kusan ta kwana da ɗan'uwanta (Keppy Ekpenyoung-Bassey). === Sashe na II - ''<nowiki/>'Yan mata masu ban sha'awa: Haɗin Italiyanci'' === Sashe na biyu na fim din - Glamour Girls: The Italian Connection - yana mai da hankali kan karuwanci. Thelma ta yi aure kuma ta koma kasashen waje, amma Sandra ta sami kanta cikin mawuyacin hali bayan Esiri ta dakatar da shirin su. Ta sake kusantar Doris, yanzu mai sayarwa da ke fataucin 'yan mata da aka yi amfani da su a matsayin masu aikin jima'i a Italiya. Sandra ta yi tafiya zuwa can inda take aiki a matsayin karuwa, ta damu da gano sabon shugabanta Maureen (Dolly Unachukwu) yana karbar kudaden ta. Maureen muguwar mace ce wacce ta yaudari iyalai a Najeriya don aika da 'ya'yansu mata zuwa kasashen waje don rayuwa mafi kyau yayin da a zahiri an tilasta musu yin aiki a matsayin karuwanci ko fuskantar mummunar sakamako. == Ƴan wasan kwaikwayo == * [[Liz Benson]] - Jane * [[Jennifer Okere]] - Sandra * [[Gloria Young|Gloria Anozie]] - Doris * [[Ngozi Ezeonu]] '' (An san shi da Ngozi Ikpelue) -'' Thelma * Barbara Odoh - Helen * Raymond Johnson - Alex * [[Zack Orji]] '' (An san shi da Zachee Orji) '' - Fred * [[Eucharia Anunobi]] - Anita * Tina Amuziam - Jessica * [[Clarion Chukwura]] '' (An san shi da Clarion Abiola) '' - Vera * [[Dolly Unachukwu]] - Maureen == Karɓuwa == Da yake tsokaci game da fim din, Jonathan Haynes<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=er3VDAAAQBAJ&q=glamour+girls+jonathan+haynes&pg=PA59|title=Nollywood: The Creation of Nigerian Film Genres|last=Haynes|first=Jonathan|date=4 October 2016|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-38800-7|language=en}}</ref> ya yi imanin cewa: "...[Nnebue's] dabarun kirkirar tsari suna ba da damar binciken sararin samaniya mai zurfi. "Glamour Girls" (ko "manyan mata") mata ne masu sana'a da ke zaune a waje da ikon shugabanci - adadi masu banƙyama a cikin tunanin zamantakewar Najeriya, wanda ke da alaƙa da karuwanci da haɗari. == Fitarwa == Kenneth Nnebue ne ya samar da fim din kuma ya rubuta shi, kuma Chika Onukwufor ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.7208/chicago/9780226388007.001.0001/upso-9780226387819-chapter-003|title=Nnebue's Glamour Girls: Scandalous Women|last=Haynes|first=Jonathan|date=4 October 2016|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-38800-7|language=en-US|doi=10.7208/chicago/9780226388007.001.0001}}</ref> == Sakewa == Glamour Girls <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/jeta-amata-5-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-filmmaker/4zt3ych |title=5 Things You Probably Didn't Know About Filmmaker |access-date=2024-02-13 |archive-date=2022-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706002537/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/jeta-amata-5-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-filmmaker/4zt3ych |url-status=dead }}</ref> su yi wahayi zuwa ga irin wannan sunan amma ba shi da alaƙa da namiji Glamour Boys, wanda [[Jeta Amata]] ta jagoranta kuma aka saki a cikin 1996, wanda ya sami karamin karbuwa. ranar 12 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2019, an ba da sanarwar cewa mai shirya fina-finai [[Charles Okpaleke]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/charles-okpaleke-plots-a-sequel-to-1994-classic-glamour-girls/gxxwn9d|title=Film producer, Charles Okpaleke plots a sequel to 1994 classic, 'Glamour Girls'|date=13 December 2019|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=17 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.glamafrica.com/charles-okpaleke-changing-the-game-with-the-remake-of-the-classic-nollywood-films-glamour-girls-rattle-snake/|title=Charles Okpaleke is Changing The Game with the Remake of the Classic Nollywood Films "Glamour Girls" & "Rattle Snake"|last=Winifred|first=Chisom|date=7 January 2020|website=Glam Africa|language=en-US|access-date=17 January 2020|archive-date=16 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416031231/https://www.glamafrica.com/charles-okpaleke-changing-the-game-with-the-remake-of-the-classic-nollywood-films-glamour-girls-rattle-snake|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sodasandpopcorn.com/glamour-girls-sequel-charles-okpaleke/|title=Glamour Girls: Charles Okpaleke gets rights for sequel|last=Ajao|first=Kunle|date=13 December 2019|website=Sodas 'N' Popcorn Blog|language=en-US|access-date=17 January 2020|archive-date=14 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114170357/https://sodasandpopcorn.com/glamour-girls-sequel-charles-okpaleke/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2019/12/glamour-girls-remake/|title=Charles Okpaleke acquires right to 1994 Film "Glamour Girls" + there's a REMAKE Coming!|last=BellaNaija.com|date=11 December 2019|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US|access-date=17 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thenativemag.com/communities/nollywood-remake-glamour-girls-soon|title=Charles Okpaleke acquires the rights to 1992 film 'Glamour Girls'|date=12 December 2019|website=The Native|language=en-US|access-date=17 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/bi/lifestyle/glamour-girls-a-remake-of-this-1994-nollywood-blockbuster-is-in-the-works/f35rv6f|title='Glamour Girls': A remake of this 1994 Nollywood blockbuster is in the works|date=12 December 2019|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=17 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/368019-remake-of-1994-nollywood-classic-glamour-girls-underway.html|title=Remake of 1994 Nollywood classic 'Glamour Girls' underway|last=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=12 December 2019|language=en-GB|access-date=17 January 2020}}</ref> ya sami haƙƙin mallaka na rayuwa na blockbuster na 1994 don sake fasalin zamani [4] a ƙarƙashin kamfanin samar da shi, Play Network Africa . An fitar da fim din ta hanyar Netflix a watan Yunin 2022, yana buɗewa ga sake dubawa mara kyau. == Manazarta == 0gdgl9auynrs7qqgxnrmmpbtrlbascd 0 69081 549930 431815 2024-12-02T00:32:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Code of Silence''''' Fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2015 wanda [[Emem Isong]] ya jagoranta kuma [[Bola Aduwo]] ya rubuta shi. Royal Arts Academy ce ta samar da fim din tare da haɗin gwiwar Nollywood Workshop. Tauraruwar [[Makida Moka]] a matsayin jagora na Adanma, [[Patience Ozokwor]], [[Ini Edo]] da [[Omoni Oboli]] . An san shi da matsayinsa mai karfi game da [[Rape in Nigeria|fyade a Najeriya]] kuma yana magance batutuwan da ke fuskantar wadanda aka yi wa fyade a kasar. ==Abubuwan da shirin ya kunsa== Adanma, matashiyar dalibar likitanci mai basira tare da damar aiki mai kyau, wani dan siyasa na gida da mataimakinsa sun yi mata fyade a kan hanyarsu ta dawo gida daga kwaleji. furta abin da ya faru da iyalinta, amma saboda matsayinsu na ƙasa a cikin al'umma, suna jin tsoron faɗakar da hukumomi. Cifukan lalata Adanma a hankali da motsin rai, kuma abin da ya faru ya fara shafar rayuwarta gaba ɗaya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/code-of-silence-movie-starring-desmond-elliot-ini-edo-patience-ozokwor-to-hit-cinemas-in-august-id4013881.html|title=Movie starring Desmond Elliot, Ini Edo, Patience Ozokwor to hit cinemas in August|publisher=Pulse|date=27 August 2015|access-date=22 September 2016|archive-date=22 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122124926/https://www.pulse.ng/movies/code-of-silence-movie-starring-desmond-elliot-ini-edo-patience-ozokwor-to-hit-cinemas-in-august-id4013881.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The rape damages Adanma psychologically and emotionally, and the traumatic experience begins to affect her entire life.<ref name="VG">{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/08/emem-isong-makes-case-for-rape-victims-in-code-of-silence/|title=Emem Isong makes case for rape victims in 'Code of Silence'|publisher=Vanguard|date=15 August 2016|access-date=22 September 2016}}</ref> == Ƴan wasan kwaikwayo == * [[Makida Moka]] a matsayin Adanma * [[Patience Ozokwor]] * [[Ini Edo]] * [[Omoni Oboli]] * [[Amechi Muonagor]] * Kofi Adjorlolo * [[Desmond Elliot]] * Shawn Faqua * [[Mena Sodje]] == Fitarwa == Royal Arts Academy ce ta samar da Code of Silence tare da haɗin gwiwar Nollywood Workshop. Hoton fasalin biyu da [[Emem Isong]] zai yi fim, ta ce game da tunanin da ta yi na harbi hoton: "Wani lokaci, ina yin fina-finai na bayar da shawarwari kuma lambar shiru tana ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan fina-fallace. Na yanke shawarar yin fim game da fyade don roƙon mutane su fito su ce 'A' don fyade. Muna so mu karya zaton cewa wanda aka azabtar da shi ne laifi. Labarin ya same ni saboda abokina ya kawo labarin a gare ni kuma lokacin da na karanta shi, na fahimci cewa ina da kyau na yi aiki tare da su. Na yi amfani da su. 'Yar wasan kwaikwayo kuma samfurin Makida Moka ta sami harbi hoton ya zama "mai tsanani", wanda ya dame ta har ta kasance sau da yawa cikin hawaye bayan an yanke al'amuran.<ref name="punch">{{cite web|url=http://punchng.com/being-short-has-worked-for-me-makida-moka/|title=Being short has worked for me – Makida Moka|publisher=Punch|date=14 February 2016|access-date=22 September 2016}}</ref> == Karɓuwa == Fim din fara ne a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta, 2015, a Silverbird Galleria, [[Victoria Island, Lagos|Tsibirin Victoria, Legas]], a wani taron da taurari na masana'antar Nollywood suka halarta sosai. Fim din ya sami yabo daga masu sukar. Toni Kan, a rubuce don ''Nishaɗi na Najeriya A yau'' ya ce fim din "yana tafiya mai nisa don ƙarfafa sauya halaye kamar wulakanci wanda ke hana wadanda aka azabtar da su da iyalansu yin magana lokacin da fyade ke faruwa", kuma yadda ya kamata "yana magana da kowa: yana magance batun abin da al'umma ke rasa lokacin da aka tilasta mata yin jima'i, lokacin da dukkanmu muke yin shiru game da shi da kuma dalilin da ya sa maza ya kamata su sami girmama kansu ta hanyar kada su zama masu fyade". Duk raunin fyade, Kan ya lura cewa fim din yana da sauƙin ban dariya.<ref>{{cite web|author=Kan, Toni|url=http://thenet.ng/2015/08/opinion-emem-isongs-code-of-silence-tackles-rapewith-doses-of-humour/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818004309/http://thenet.ng/2015/08/opinion-emem-isongs-code-of-silence-tackles-rapewith-doses-of-humour/|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 August 2015|title='Code of Silence' tackles rape…with doses of humour – By Toni Kan|publisher=Nigeria Entertainment Today|date=17 August 2015|access-date=22 September 2016}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] 8u5akwvhtpfrcbst2cbg7ezb3qik38r 0 69105 550398 372493 2024-12-02T11:25:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Iseta: Behind the Roadblock''' wani shiri ne da ya danganci kisan kiyashin da aka yi a Rwanda a shekara ta 2008. Fim ne kawai da ya ƙunshi bayanan da aka rubuta na faifan bidiyo na ainihin kisa a lokacin kisan kiyashin na ƙasar Rwanda. Furodusan Burtaniya-Keniya ne suka shirya shi, Nick Hughes da furodusa ɗan Ruwanda, Eric Kabera. Juan Reina ne ya ba da Umarni shirin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iseta - Behind the Roadblock |url=https://moviesthatmatter.nl/en/film/iseta-behind-the-roadblock/ |access-date=2022-07-30 |website=Movies that Matter |language=en-EN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mwende |first=Miriam |date=2022-04-05 |title=Special film on Rwanda's 1994 Genocide to be screened globally on April 10 |url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/movies/kwibuka28-global-screening-via-zoom-for-iseta-movie-by-nick-hughes-eric-kabera/n8ssz5f |access-date=2022-07-30 |website=Pulselive Kenya |language=en |archive-date=2022-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730034804/https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/movies/kwibuka28-global-screening-via-zoom-for-iseta-movie-by-nick-hughes-eric-kabera/n8ssz5f |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Takaitaccen bayani == Fim ɗin ya biyo bayan labarin Juan Reina, wani mai ɗaukar hoto ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya da ya koma inda ya dauki hoton wasu ta'addancin kisan kiyashin da aka yi a ƙasar Rwanda domin nuna hotunan ga dangin waɗanda abin ya shafa. Wasu daga cikin al'ummar da ke iya taimaka wa abokai da dangi sun taru don yin aiki tare da Reina don gano waɗanda aka kashe da wadanda suka kashe su ɗin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iseta: Behind the Roadblock - 7thart Releasing |url=http://www.7thart.com/films/Iseta-Behind-the-Roadblock |access-date=2022-07-30 |website=www.7thart.com}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Iseta: Behind the Roadblock (Film, 2008) - MovieMeter.nl |url=https://www.moviemeter.nl/film/54166 |language=nl |access-date=2022-07-30}}</ref> == Nassoshi == 8yv2xub3y0axjsko56w5m944ip4roik 0 69195 549954 542622 2024-12-02T02:11:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Dinner at My Place''''' Fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya wanda akai a ƙasar Najeriya a shekara ta 2022 wanda Kevin Apaa ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni. JarumanFim ɗin sun l hada da [[Timini Egbuson]], [[Bisola Aiyeola]] da kuma [[Sophie Alakija]] a cikin manyan jarumai. Fim ɗin ya fito a ranar 28 ga watan Janairu na shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin da biyu 2022 kuma an buɗe shi ga ingantattun bita daga masu suka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-06 |title=Dinner At My Place hits the screen |url=https://guardian.ng/art/dinner-at-my-place-hits-the-screen/ |access-date=2022-07-17 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mix |first=Pulse |date=2022-01-23 |title=Romcom "Dinner at my place" by award winning filmmaker Kevin Apaa hits cinemas Jan 28 |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/romcom-dinner-at-my-place-by-award-winning-filmmaker-kevin-apaa-hits-cinemas-jan-28/hwxrchr |access-date=2022-07-17 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en |archive-date=2022-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717132543/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/romcom-dinner-at-my-place-by-award-winning-filmmaker-kevin-apaa-hits-cinemas-jan-28/hwxrchr |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Takaitaccen bayani == Fim din ya ta'allaka ne akan wani Ba'amurke Ba'amurke Nonso (Timini Egbuson) wanda ke shirin ba budurwar sa (Sophie Alakija) cin abinci. Tuni ya shirya bai wa budurwar zoben zinare wanda kudinsa ya kai dala $22000 kuma asalin na mahaifiyarsa masoyi ne yayin da mahaifiyarsa da ta rasu ta bar masa wannan zoben don tunawa. Sai dai abin ya ba shi mamaki sai al’amura suka kara ta’azzara tun bayan aniyar sa a lokacin da tsohuwar budurwar sa (Bisola Aiyeola) ta bata nishadi ta hanyar shigar da hoton ba tare da an gayyace shi ba. == Yin wasan kwaikwayo == * [[Timini Egbuson]] as Nonso * [[Bisola Aiyeola]] a matsayin tsohuwar budurwar Nonso * [[Sophie Alakija]] a matsayin budurwar Nonso * Uche Montana * Oluyemi Solade * Chales Etubiebi * Debby Felix * Michael Sani == Production == Mai shirya fina-finai Kevin Apaa ya bayyana cewa da farko ya ba da labarin da ya dace da gajeriyar fim kuma ya yi gajeren fim ɗin tare da tsawon mintuna 11 tare da taken iri ɗaya. An sake shi a cikin 2019 kuma an buɗe shi zuwa ingantattun bita. Gajeren fim din ya samu yabo sosai inda ya lashe kyautuka takwas sannan kuma an nuna shi a bukukuwan fina-finai a Amurka da Birtaniya. Kyakkyawan liyafar ga ɗan gajeren fim ɗin ya ƙarfafa Apaa don fito da wani fim mai tsayi mai tsayi ta hanyar kiyaye take. Shi da ma'aikatansa sun haɓaka rubutun a matsayin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya. Mambobin ƴan wasan da aka yi wa igiya don yin fim ɗin ba su fito a baya ba a cikin gajeren fim ɗin. An dauki fim din gaba daya [[Lagos (birni)|a Legas]] . == Manazarta == [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] l9juvr762aleow0yhd8846p4y3kdd1q 0 69267 549984 491347 2024-12-02T04:46:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Falling rain in mexico.jpg|thumb|''Falling'' (fim na 2015)]] '''''Falling''''', fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na 2015 wanda [[Uduak Isong Oguamanam]] ya rubuta kuma ya samar, kuma [[Niyi Akinmolayan]] ya ba da umarni. [[Desmond Elliot]], Blossom Chukwujekwu, [[Adesua Etomi]], [[Kunle Remi]], [[Tamara Eteimo]] da Kofi Adjorlolo. Fim din ya ba da labarin wasu matasa, Muna (Adesua Etomi) da Imoh ([[Kunle Remi]]); Muna dole ne ta rayu tare da tasirin hadarin da ya bar Imoh ba tare da sanin komai ba har tsawon watanni da yawa. == Abubuwan da shirin ya kunsa == Fim din ya ba da labarin Muna ([[Adesua Etomi]]) da Imoh (Kunle Remi), ma'aurata masu farin ciki. A kan hanyarsa ta zuwa aiki, Imoh ya yi hatsari wanda ya sa ya zama kamar yadda yake. Duk da kalubalen kudi, Muna ya ci gaba da gaskata cewa Imoh za ta sake farfadowa. Bayan asibitin ya yanke shawarar fitar da Imoh a cikin yanayinsa, Muna ta nemi taimako daga mahaifinta, Mista Mba (Kofi Adjorlolo), wanda ya ba ta wani ɓangare na kuɗin da ake buƙata don ya ci gaba da amfani da tallafin rayuwa aƙalla na wata ɗaya. 'Yar'uwar Muna, Tina, ([[Tamara Eteimo]]), ta damu da cewa Muna tana barin halin da mijinta ke ciki ya sami mafi kyawunta kuma Imoh bazai taɓa samun cikakkiyar lafiya ba. Ta shawo kan Muna ta bi ta zuwa wani taron, wanda ya sa Muna fushi. Lokacin da ya isa kulob din, abokiyar Tina, Yemi (Blossom Chukwujekwu) yayi ƙoƙari ya jawo Muna, bayan Tina ta gaya masa game da halin Muna. Kashegari, Muna ta yi fushi da Tina, wanda ya bayyana cewa Yemi likita ce kuma tana iya taimakawa wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ta gaya masa bayanan sirri game da mijinta. Duk da ci gaban Yemi na zama abokai, Muna ba ta son mayar da ita ga alheri. Bayan wasu watanni, sun kara sanin juna kuma Muna ta sake haɗuwa duk da cewa Imoh har yanzu tana cikin coma. Ta dawo da aikin rubuce-rubucen rubutun duk da rashin shawarwari daga mai gabatar da ita, ([[Deyemi Okanlawon]]) a baya. Yayinda yake jin daɗi tare da Yemi, Muna ya kama shi a wannan lokacin kuma ya yi jima'i da shi. Yin jima'i ya haifar da ciki. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan Muna ta san cewa tana da ciki, Imoh ta sake farkawa kuma an sallame ta daga asibiti. [[Fayil:Christ Falling on the Way to Calvary - Raphael.jpg|thumb|''Falling'' (fim na 2015)]] Imoh ya fara yin baƙon abu kamar yadda Yemi ya yi zargin. Muna ya gaya masa game da ciki kuma ya umurce ta da ta zubar da ciki. Wannan ya haifar da gwagwarmaya a cikin dangantakarsu. Bayan Yemi ya san yaron, sai ya gaya wa Muna cewa dole ne ta riƙe shi kuma wannan na iya zama alamar cewa an yi niyyar su kasance tare. Mista Mba ya kwantar da shi a asibiti yayin da yake yin jima'i da sabuwar matarsa, [[Lota Chukwu]]. Yayinda yake magana da Muna, Tina da mahaifiyarsu game da kuskuren da ya gabata, Imoh ya shiga ya sulhunta da Muna. Dukansu sun amince da kula da jaririn.<ref name=Nwanne>{{cite web | url=http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/2015/08/filmmaker-uduak-steps-out-solo-with-falling-2/ | title=Filmmaker, Uduak Steps Out Solo With Falling |work=The Guardian |location=Lagos | date=1 August 2015 | accessdate=2 September 2015 | author=Nwanne, Chuks}}</ref> == Ƴan wasan== * [[Adesua Etomi]] a matsayin Muna * [[Kunle Remi]] a matsayin Imoh * Blossom Chukwujekwu a matsayin Yemi * [[Tamara Eteimo]] a matsayin Tina * [[Desmond Elliot]] a matsayin kansa * Kofi Adjorlolo a matsayin Mista Mba * [[Deyemi Okanlawon]] a matsayin mai gabatarwa == Fitarwa da saki == An haska "Fadowa" a wurin a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] na tsawon makonni biyu.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://tns.ng/uduak-isong-produces-first-solo-movie-falling/ | title=Uduak Isong Produces First Solo Movie, "Falling" | work=True Nollywood Stories (TNS) | date=2 August 2015 | accessdate=3 September 2015 | author=Akinsemoyin, Adeola }}{{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Wannan fim din shine kokarin farko na [[Uduak Isong Oguamanam]] a matsayin mai shirya fim. saki hotunan fim din a kan layi a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2015. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/movies/falling-check-out-1st-teaser-posters-for-uduak-isongs-upcoming-movie-id3805181.html | title=Check out 1st teaser posters for Uduak Isong's upcoming movie | work=Pulse NG | date=28 May 2015 | accessdate=2 September 2015 | author=Izuzu, Chidumga | archive-date=4 March 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085022/http://pulse.ng/movies/falling-check-out-1st-teaser-posters-for-uduak-isongs-upcoming-movie-id3805181.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.makinmagazine.com/1st-teaser-posters-for-uduak-isongs-upcoming-moviefalling/ | title=1st teaser posters for Uduak Isong's upcoming movie:Falling | work=Makin Magazine | accessdate=2 September 2015 | archive-date=5 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605055157/http://www.makinmagazine.com/1st-teaser-posters-for-uduak-isongs-upcoming-moviefalling/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>An saki trailer don fim din a ranar 5 ga Mayu 2015. [1] sake wani hoton a kan layi a watan Yulin 2015.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/movies/falling-new-poster-features-blossom-chukwujekwu-kunle-rhemmy-adesua-etomi-id3966434.html | title=New poster features Blossom Chukwujekwu, Kunle Rhemmy, Adesua Etomi | work=Pulse NG | date=13 July 2015 | accessdate=2 September 2015 | author=Izuzu, Chidumga | archive-date=20 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620060002/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/falling-new-poster-features-blossom-chukwujekwu-kunle-rhemmy-adesua-etomi-id3966434.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Uduak Isong Oguamanam|Uduak]] ya ba da sanarwar cewa fim din zai fara ne a ranar 18 ga Satumba 2015 kuma za a sake shi a wannan rana.<ref name=Nwanne /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://thenet.ng/2015/08/falling-starring-desmond-elliot-and-adesua-etomi-to-hit-cinemas-next-month/ | title='Falling' starring Desmond Elliot and Adesua Etomi to hit cinemas next month | publisher=Nigerian Entertainment Today | work=The NET | date=13 August 2015 | access-date=3 September 2015 | author=Badmus, Kayode | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150820185725/http://thenet.ng/2015/08/falling-starring-desmond-elliot-and-adesua-etomi-to-hit-cinemas-next-month/ | archive-date=20 August 2015 | url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- | rowspan="2" |2016 | rowspan="2" |2016 Kyautar Zaɓin Masu kallo na sihiri na Afirka |Mafi kyawun Actor a cikin Wasan kwaikwayo |Blossom Chukwujekwu|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" | |- |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Adesua Etomi|{{Won}} |} == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == {{YouTube|ZLBADKtgEI8|''Falling'' teaser trailer}} p06jzq0t1o0h3nnyvmn9fkyx5wffacx 0 69292 549892 435229 2024-12-01T23:17:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549892 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Champagne''''' fim ne mai ban sha'awa [[Najeriya|Na Najeriya]] na 2014, wanda [[Emem Isong]] ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni. [[Majid Michel]], [[Yul Edochie|Alexx Ekubo]], [[Mbong Amata]], [[Susan Peters]], Tana Adelana, Kokotso Charlotte, kuma ta gabatar da Rosemary Zimu a matsayin Champagne. shi fim na farko na Emem Isong a matsayin darektan.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://dailymail.com.ng/movie-producer-emem-isong-says-i-dont-know-why-i-embarked-on-this-movie-champagne/ | title=MOVIE PRODUCER, EMEM ISONG SAYS "I DON'T KNOW WHY I EMBARKED ON THIS" MOVIE: 'Champagne' | work=Daily Mail (Nigeria) | date=19 December 2014 | access-date=5 March 2015 | author=Sean | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402122236/http://dailymail.com.ng/movie-producer-emem-isong-says-i-dont-know-why-i-embarked-on-this-movie-champagne/ | archive-date=2 April 2015 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://thenet.ng/2014/12/emem-isongs-champagne-to-premiere-this-december/ | title=Emem Isong's 'Champagne' to premiere this December | publisher=The NET NG | date=13 December 2014 | access-date=5 March 2015 | author=Showemimo, Dayo | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402090042/http://thenet.ng/2014/12/emem-isongs-champagne-to-premiere-this-december/ | archive-date=2 April 2015 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/11/emem-isong-debuts-director-champagne/ | title=Emem Isong debuts as director in Champagne | publisher=Vanguard Newspaper | date=7 November 2014 | access-date=5 March 2015 | author=Ebirim, Juliet}}</ref> Fim din ya ba da labarin wasu matasa ([[Yul Edochie|Alex Ekubo]] da Rosemary Zimu), waɗanda ke cikin "auren budewa"; Don biyan bukatunsu na kudi a matsayin iyali, galibi suna yin soyayya da mutane marasa sani, suna yaudarar su, kuma suna gudu. Daga ƙarshe sun sadu da Mista Douglas ([[Majid Michel]]), wanda ya ɗauke su a kan tafiya ba zato ba tsammani. == Ƴan wasan== * [[Yul Edochie|Alexx Ekubo]] a matsayin Tare Hopewell * Rosemary Zimu a matsayin Champagne * [[Majid Michel]] a matsayin Mista Douglas * [[Mbong Amata]] kamar yadda * [[Susan Peters]] kamar yadda * Tana Adelana kamar yadda * Kokotso Charlotte kamar yadda * Padita Agu Agu kamar yadda * Anita Chris kamar yadda == Fitarwa == A kan taken fim din "''Champagne''", Isong ya ce: "Ina so in yi wani abu da ke da alaƙa da glitz da glamour, don haka na yanke shawarar sanya sunan jagorancin 'Champagne'. Da gaske babu wani abu da ya fi dacewa da shi. <ref name="vanguard">{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/12/im-projecting-n200m-sales-champagne-emem-isong/ | title=I'm projecting N200m in sales for 'Champagne' – Emem Isong | publisher=Vanguard Newspaper | date=19 December 2014 | access-date=4 March 2015 | author=Ebirim, Juliet}}</ref><ref name="allafrica">{{cite web | url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201412190191.html | title=Nigeria: I'm Projecting N200 Million in Sales for 'Champagne' – Emem Isong | work=Vanguard | publisher=allAfrica.com | access-date=5 March 2015}}</ref>An haska fim din a [[Johannesburg]], Afirka ta Kudu da [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] a Amurka. <ref name="vanguard" /> [2] Yin <ref name="allafrica" /><ref name="vanguard" /> a Afirka ta Kudu musamman, ya haifar da kalubale, saboda Isong bai taba aiki a kasar ba kafin yanzu. ''''Champagne'''' shine fim na farko na Emem Isong a matsayin darektan; <ref name="vanguard" /> a cikin wata hira, ta bayyana cewa tana so ta yi bikin cika shekaru 20 a masana'antar fina-finai tare da Champagne. [2] [3] == Saki == saki wasan kwaikwayo na ''Champagne'' a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 2014 .<ref>{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/movies/champagne-watch-alex-ekubo-majid-michel-others-in-new-movie-id3305643.html | title=Watch Alex Ekubo, Majid Michel, others in new movie | publisher=Pulse NG | date=26 November 2014 | access-date=5 March 2015 | author=Izuzu, Chidumga | archive-date=2 April 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125558/http://pulse.ng/movies/champagne-watch-alex-ekubo-majid-michel-others-in-new-movie-id3305643.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://m.news24.com/nigeria/Entertainment/News/Emem-Isong-directs-her-first-film-20141126 | title=Emem Isong directs her first film | publisher=News 24 | date=26 November 2014 | access-date=5 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://jaguda.com/2014/11/28/nollywood-trailer-champagne-starring-majid-michel-rosemary-zimu-alexx-ekubo/ | title=Nollywood Trailer: Champagne Starring Majid Michel, Rosemary Zimu & Alexx Ekubo | publisher=Jaguda.com | date=28 November 2014 | access-date=5 March 2015 | archive-date=24 March 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324062441/http://jaguda.com/2014/11/28/nollywood-trailer-champagne-starring-majid-michel-rosemary-zimu-alexx-ekubo/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>Fim din ya fara fitowa a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a ranar 19 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2014, kuma ya fara nunawa a gidajen silima a wannan rana. fara shi ne a Ƙasar Ingila a watan Maris na shekara ta 2015. [1] [2] == Karɓa mai mahimmanci == Fim din ya zuwa yanzu ya sami mummunan bita, duk da haka yawancin masu sukar sun yaba da aikin Rosemary Zimu. Nollywood Reinvented kimanta fim din 46%, yana kammala cewa: "Alexx Ekubo da Rosemary Zimu sun yi amfani da ƙarfin juna kuma sun sami damar riƙe fim ɗin tare a cikin al'amuran su. Alexx yana ci gaba da ingantawa a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma Rosemary yana da kyau ga sabuwar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo duk da cewa dukansu biyu tabbas sun bincika zurfin motsin zuciyarsu". Oris Aigbokhaevbolo ''Labaran Nollywood na Gaskiya'' ya ba da bita mara kyau, yana mai cewa: "Binciken wannan tashin hankali tsakanin ayyukan aure da bukatun kuɗi na iya ɗaukar tsawon fim, amma ba tare da wannan ƙarancin hankali ba. Wani abu mai ban sha'awa a cikin soyayya, tufafi mai ban dariya, kuma da alama babu wanda ya gaya wa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo. Sai dai ga sabon dan Afirka ta Kudu Rosemary Zimu, 'yan wasan ba su shirya ba don lokacin da suka juya fim din. Samod Biobaku yi watsi da fim din da wasan kwaikwayon daga 'yan wasan kwaikwayo (sai dai wasan kwaikwayon Zimu), yana mai cewa: "A cikin wannan fim din, Emem [Isong] a bayyane yake yana gwagwarmaya da daidaito mai kirkira. Daga hasken wuta zuwa tattaunawa mara zurfi kuma wannan ya shiga cikin makirci, don haka ya zama mai raɗaɗi. Tsakanin fim ɗin, jin cewa za ku iya fita daga zauren fim ɗin kuma ya sa ran wani abu ya fada bayan haka ya zama zaɓi na gaskiya.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.icampusng.com/2014/12/movie-review-champagne-nollywood-movie/ | title=Movie Review: Champagne | publisher=iCampus NG | date=27 December 2014 | access-date=5 March 2015 | author=Biobaku, Samod | url-status=dead | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402140812/http://www.icampusng.com/2014/12/movie-review-champagne-nollywood-movie/ | archivedate=2 April 2015 }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin fina-finai na Najeriya na 2014 == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{YouTube|pCrAVFLWwCY|''Champagne'' trailer}} [[Category: Fina-finan Najeriya]] [[Category:Fim]] it2s5a6x1exl3xcbytxep4o1l847vpb 0 69294 549873 460236 2024-12-01T22:31:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549873 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Body Language''''' fim ne mai ban tsoro na Najeriya na 2017. [[Emem Isong]] ne ya samar da shi, mai mallakar [[Rok Studios]]. Tom Robson shi mai daukar hoto kuma rubutun Kehinde Joseph ne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-18 |title=ROK Studious releases Body Language |url=https://guardian.ng/life/film/rok-studious-releases-body-language/ |access-date=2022-07-18 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718062553/https://guardian.ng/life/film/rok-studious-releases-body-language/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Tola ([[Tana Adelana]]) tana aiki a matsayin mai tsalle-tsalle da kuma mai tallatawa saboda tana da sha'awar samun kulawa daga maza. daya, Nick ([[Ramsey Nouah]]), ya biya ta don yin rawa a kansa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=izuzu |first=chibumga |date=2017-09-12 |title=Watch trailer for new Nollywood movie featuring Ramsey Nouah, Tana Adelana |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/body-language-watch-trailer-for-new-nollywood-movie-featuring-ramsey-nouah-tana/14zd6zl |access-date=2022-07-18 |website=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=2022-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718080743/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/body-language-watch-trailer-for-new-nollywood-movie-featuring-ramsey-nouah-tana/14zd6zl |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Body Language |url=https://m.imdb.com/title/tt8348154/plotsummary?ref_=tt_ov_pl |website=IMDb}}</ref> Rayuwar Tola tana cikin haɗari yayin da ƙungiyar masu kisan gilla, "The Lagos reapers", ke bin ta. Sha'awar Nick Tola ba daidaituwa ba ne yayin da Nick ke ƙoƙarin bincika masu kisan, waɗanda suka kashe 'yarsa. == Ƴan wasan== Fim din ya fito ne: * [[Ramsey Nouah]] a matsayin Nick * [[Tana Adelana]] a matsayin Tola * [[Lawretta Richards]] * Emem Ufot * [[Ken Erics]] a matsayin Lancelot == Karɓuwa == cewar Talk African Movies, Jiki na Jiki yana da kyakkyawan makirci kuma ya fi jan hankali, amma ya sami cikas ta hanyar kinks wanda ya rage tasirinsa. cewar Jerry Chiemeke, duk da wasu ramukan da ba za a iya watsi da su ba, fim din "ɗaya daga cikin fina-finai mafi kyau da suka kai ga fina-fallace a wannan shekara". soki fim din saboda rashin tashin hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Izuzu |first=Chibumga |date=2017-10-24 |title=Emem Isong's "Body Language" is short on tension and suspense |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/pulse-movie-review-emem-isongs-body-language-is-short-on-tension-and-suspense/kll6l7c |access-date=2022-07-18 |website=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=2022-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718062620/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/pulse-movie-review-emem-isongs-body-language-is-short-on-tension-and-suspense/kll6l7c |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin fina-finai na Najeriya na 2017 == Manazarta == e4mowe2fofrayu6ccjm1lawtysq2kit 0 69408 549890 373745 2024-12-01T23:08:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549890 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Catch.er''''' fim ne na Nollywood na 2018 wanda Walter Banger Taylaur ya jagoranta. Tauraron fim din bincike na aikata laifuka [[OC Ukeje]], [[Beverly Naya]], Blossom Chukwujekwu da [[Tope Tedela]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2017-11-12 |title=Hits and Misses of Walter Banger Taylaur’s ‘Catch.er’ |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/11/hits-misses-walter-banger-taylaurs-catch-er/ |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nwogu |first=Precious 'Mamazeus' |date=2021-02-26 |title=Walt Banger's 'Catch.er' is coming to Netflix in March |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/walt-bangers-catcher-is-coming-to-netflix-in-march/75zzhzr |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=2022-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726113943/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/walt-bangers-catcher-is-coming-to-netflix-in-march/75zzhzr |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == An sami wata mace mai sadaukar da kanta da aka kashe a ranar haihuwarta. ba da shari'ar ga jami'ai biyu waɗanda suka bayyana asirin daban-daban yayin da shari'in ya zurfafa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-14 |title=Catch.er, The Snowman... 10 movies to see this weekend |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/movies-to-see-catch-er-the-snowman/ |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=TheCable Lifestyle |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=izuzu |first=chibumga |date=2017-10-10 |title=Walt Banger's "Catch.er" offers captivating mystery |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/pulse-movie-review-walt-bangers-catcher-offers-captivating-mystery/vc087bf |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Farko == An buɗe fim ɗin zuwa Cinema a ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 2017. == Ƴan wasan== OC Ukeje, Blossom Chukuwujekwu, [[Beverly Naya|Beverley Naya]], [[Yul Edochie|Alexx Ekubo]], [[Gbenro Ajibade]], [[Omowumi Dada|Omowunmi Dada]], Wofai Fada, [[Kiki Omeili]] da [[Tope Tedela]] == Duba kuma == * Jerin fina-finai na Najeriya na 2018 == Manazarta == {{reflist}} kdy8jj6f4p92x1dqicaki42e1civ3dr 0 69440 550429 460810 2024-12-02T11:41:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''It's Her Day''''', fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo a Najeriya na 2016 <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.360nobs.com/2016/09/movie-review-day/ |title=Movie Review: It's Her Day |author-link=360nobs |date=16 September 2016 |access-date=16 January 2017 |archive-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118051110/https://www.360nobs.com/2016/09/movie-review-day/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> game da ma'aurata masu aure daga bangarori daban-daban na zamantakewa, da kuma gwagwarmayar da suka haɗu yayin da suke shirin bikin aurensu mai girma. Bovi Ugboma ya taka rawar Victor, sabon saurayi wanda ya ɗauki kansa ya ba budurwarsa mai son abin duniya, Nicole (Ini Dima-Oie) bikin auren almara duk da ajiyarsa. [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] ne ya samar da fim din kuma Aniedi Anwah ne ya ba da umarni, kuma an fara shi a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2016 a Legas, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/pulse-movie-review-its-her-day-is-an-imaginative-and-clever-comedy-movie-id5498634.html |title="It's Her Day" is an imaginative and clever comedy movie |author-link=Pulse Nigeria |date=25 September 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/10/08/bovis-movie-premiere-its-her-day/ |title= Bovi's Movie Premiere "It's Her Day" |author-link=ThisDay Live |date=8 October 2016}}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Victor ([[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]]) ya isa gida daga Burtaniya don ya auri budurwarsa, Nicole Hernández ([[Ini Dima-Okojie]]) wanda ba ya ɓata lokaci yana shirya bikin auren mafarkinta. Tare da mahaifiyar Nicole mai girman kai ([[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]]) da ke tsoma baki a kan kowane daki-daki, Victor ya ga farashin ya wuce kasafin kudin sa. Duk da gargadi akai-akai daga abokinsa mafi kyau Omonigho (Gregory Ojefua) wanda Nicole ta ƙi, tare da danginsa na [[Warri]] - musamman mahaifiyarsa mai banƙyama Foweh (Najite Dede) - Victor ya bar ba tare da wani zaɓi ba. An matsa masa don faranta wa Nicole da mahaifiyarta rai ba, har ma da 'yan'uwa mata Hernández masu neman - Stacey (Toni Tones), Nancy ([[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]]), da Augusta (Thelma Ezeamaka). Tare da taimakon babban mai shirya bikin aure Caroline ([[Adunni Ade]]), Hernándezes suna shirya kowane tsari na babbar rana ta Nicole yayin da ake watsi da shawarwarin Victor ko kuma a yi masa ba'a. Matsalar ta faru a bikin auren ma'auratan lokacin da Victor ya yayyafa amaryarsa da [[Naira|bayanan naira]] maimakon takardun dala. Ya nemi gafara, amma bukatun Nicole na ci gaba. Yanzu ya yi nadama da ya rabu da Angela ([[Omoni Oboli]]), tsohuwar budurwa da ya yanke dangantaka da ita shekaru da suka gabata, kuma yana ƙoƙari ya dawo da ita duk da alkawarinsa. Koyaya, tana iya gani ta fuskarsa, kuma tana gargadi shi ya daina ci gaba da bayyanar don tasiri. A wani zaman ba da shawara kafin aure, Victor da Nicole sun kira rikici lokacin da ta mai da hankali ga Candy Crush fiye da yadda ta yi taron. Ya rabu da ita, wani mataki Omonigho ya amince, amma bayan ya gano cewa Angela yanzu tana da sabon mutum, sai ya sulhunta da Nicole. Victor ya tara abokansa don su tsaya a matsayin yaudara ta hanyar tattaunawar waya tare da Hernándezes bayan sun dage kan yin rajistar shahararrun masu zane-zane don yin bikin aure. An gudanar da wani biki, kuma washegari Victor, wanda ya yi fama da rashin jin daɗi daga daren da ya gabata, ya firgita cewa ya makara zuwa bikin aurensa. Ma'aikatansa sun kara tsananta yanayin ta hanyar hayar ''kekes'' don kai shi da ma'aikatansa zuwa coci, cika tsohuwar yarjejeniya. Sun isa a tsakiyar hira da Mrs Hernández ta yi da HipTV, wanda ya haifar da kunyarta kai tsaye a cikin iska. A bikin, Victor ba zato ba tsammani ya fahimci cewa Nicole za ta kasance mai girman kai har abada bayan ta ƙi zobe shi. Ya soke bikin a gaban baƙi kuma ya fita daga cocin, abokansa suna tare da shi. == Ƴan wasan== * [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] a matsayin Victor Elomena / Victor Smith * [[Ini Dima-Okojie]] a matsayin Nicole Hernández * [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]] a matsayin Mrs Hernández * Toni Tones a matsayin Stacy Hernández * Thelma Ezeamaka a matsayin Augusta Hernández * [[Amanda Ebeye|Amanda Mike-Ebeye]] a matsayin Nancy Hernández * [[Adunni Ade]] a matsayin Caroline, mai shirya bikin aure * Najite Dede a matsayin Aunty Foweh * Gregory Ojefua a matsayin Omonigho * Femi Durojaiye a matsayin Dede * Wannan Lami George a matsayin Victoria * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Angela == Fitarwa == [[Bovi|Bovi Ugboma]] ne ya samar da fim din. Aniedi Anwah <ref>[https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/09/wedding-movie-its-her-day-starring-bovi-adunni-ade-toni-tones-omoni-oboli-more-premieres-on-friday-september-9/ “It’s Her Day”] https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/09/wedding-movie-its-her-day- Retrieved 06 September 2016</ref> ya ba da umarni.A cikin Kountry Kulture Network, wanda aka rarraba ta Silverbird Distribution. == Saki == An fara fim din ne a Legas, Najeriya a ranar 9 ga Satumba. <ref>[http://guardian.ng/art/bovis-its-her-day-premieres-today/ The Guardian News] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216060850/http://guardian.ng/art/bovis-its-her-day-premieres-today/ |date=2024-02-16 }} Guardian.ng Retrieved 07 September 2016.</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://itsherdaymovie.com/}} [[Category:Fim]] ha1s3mfsul2vynxlvx7runj702xc2l9 0 69442 549953 421238 2024-12-02T02:11:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549953 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Dinner at My Place''''' wani wasan kwaikwayo ne na soyayya na kasar Najeriya na shekarar 2022 wanda Kevin Apaa ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni. Tauraron fim din [[Timini Egbuson]], [[Bisola Aiyeola]] da [[Sophie Alakija]] a cikin manyan matsayi. din fito ne a wasan kwaikwayo a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2022 kuma ya buɗe ga bita mai kyau daga masu sukar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-06 |title=Dinner At My Place hits the screen |url=https://guardian.ng/art/dinner-at-my-place-hits-the-screen/ |access-date=2022-07-17 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mix |first=Pulse |date=2022-01-23 |title=Romcom "Dinner at my place" by award winning filmmaker Kevin Apaa hits cinemas Jan 28 |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/romcom-dinner-at-my-place-by-award-winning-filmmaker-kevin-apaa-hits-cinemas-jan-28/hwxrchr |access-date=2022-07-17 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en |archive-date=2022-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717132543/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/romcom-dinner-at-my-place-by-award-winning-filmmaker-kevin-apaa-hits-cinemas-jan-28/hwxrchr |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Fim din ya samo asali ne daga wani dan kasar Najeriya-Amurka Nonso (Timini Egbuson) wanda ke shirin gabatar da budurwarsa (Sophie Alakija) a kan abincin dare. riga ya shirya ya ba da zoben zinariya ga budurwarsa wanda ya kai $ 22000 kuma asalinsa na mahaifiyarsa ce yayin da mahaifiyarsa da ta mutu ta bar masa wannan zoben a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adelabu |first=Aderonke |date=2022-02-01 |title=Movie Review: Why 'Dinner At My Place' is not your regular comedy romance |url=https://www.kemifilani.ng/movies/review-why-dinner-at-my-place-comedy-romance |access-date=2022-07-17 |website=Kemi Filani News |language=en-GB}}</ref> Amma ga mamakinsa, abubuwa sun zama mafi muni har zuwa lokacin da tsohon budurwarsa (Bisola Aiyeola) ta lalata nishaɗin ta hanyar shiga hoton ya nuna ba tare da an gayyace shi ba. ==Ƴan wasan== * [[Timini Egbuson]] a matsayin Nonso * [[Bisola Aiyeola]] a matsayin tsohuwar budurwar Nonso * [[Sophie Alakija]] a matsayin budurwa ta Nonso * Uche Montana * Oluyemi Solade * Chales Etubie * Debby Felix * Michael Sanni == Fitarwa == Mai shirya fina-finai Kevin Apaa ya bayyana cewa da farko ya ba da labarin da ya dace da gajeren fim kuma ya yi gajeren fim din da tsawon minti 11 tare da wannan taken. An sake shi a cikin shekarar 2019 kuma an buɗe shi ga sake dubawa mai kyau. Fim din ya sami yabo mai mahimmanci inda ya lashe kyaututtuka takwas kuma an nuna shi a bukukuwan fina-finai a Amurka da Burtaniya. Kyakkyawan karɓar gajeren fim ɗin ya ƙarfafa Apaa ta zo da fim mai tsawo ta hanyar kiyaye wannan taken. Shi ma'aikatansa sun haɓaka rubutun a matsayin fim din wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya. Wadanda aka yi amfani da su don fim din ba su taɓa bayyana a cikin gajeren fim ɗin ba. harbe fim din gaba ɗaya a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘Dinner at My Place’ Opens in Cinemas – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/01/29/dinner-at-my-place-opens-in-cinemas/ |access-date=2022-07-17 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * Abincin dare a wurin da nakeaIMDb * Abincin dare a wurin da nakeaIMDb * Abincin dare a wurin da nakeaTumatir da ya lalace * {{YouTube|XbGnAAHB6ys|Official trailer}}  f7m9ayj7ahccce2g2swaff5kliehugc 0 69575 549534 526538 2024-12-01T16:54:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''A Soldier's Story''''' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na 2015 wanda Frankie Ogar ya jagoranta.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.naij.com/540814-linda-ejiofor-tope-tedela-star-new-epic-movie-nigerian-army.html | title=Linda Ejiofor, Tope Tedela, Star In New Epic Movie Titled 'A Soldier Story' | publisher=naij.com | date=September 2015 | accessdate=21 June 2016 | author=Michael Abimboye}}</ref> Tana da [[Tope Tedela]], [[Linda Ejiofor]] da Daniyel K Daniyel a matsayin jagora. Don rawar da ya taka a matsayin "Bossman", Daniel K Daniel ya lashe lambar yabo ta AMAA da AMVCA. == Labarin fim== Abubuwan buɗewa sun fara ne da sojoji a cikin wani birni da ya yi yaƙi na ƙasar da ke makwabtaka da Najeriya. Wani bam ya fashe bayan wasu 'yan tawaye sun kai hari kan sojoji. Manjo Egan ([[Tope Tedela]]) ya fita daga gadonsa na aure don yin ado don aikin soja. Ba tare da saninsa ba, matarsa, Lebari ([[Adesua Etomi]]) ta farka. Bayan zaman rikici da kuma sa hannun Col. Bello (Chukwuma Aligwekwe), uban Lebari kuma malami ga Major Egan. A cikin sansanin 'yan tawaye, Bossman (Daniyel K Daniyel) ya kashe mutane biyu daga cikin mutanensa saboda abin da ya ga shi "kamar rat" ne. A lokacin neman kayan da aka watsar, Regina da Angela sun sami wani matashi soja. Regina ta yi amfani da ita don kai shi gidan ta don ci gaba da bincike ga rashin jin daɗin Angela. Bayan wasu makonni na magani da samun sani, an bayyana soja a matsayin Manjo Egan amma yanzu yana fama da Amnesia. Bossman ya yi barazanar sanya ɗan'uwan Regina a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mayakansa idan Regina ta ci gaba da ba shi shawara ya canza hanyoyinsa. Regina da Major Egan sun kusanci kishi na Angela. Bayan gwagwarmaya da Bossman, Manjo Egan ya tuna duk abubuwan da suka faru daga rayuwarsa ta baya. Bayan fahimtar cewa ya yi aure, Manjo Egan ya bar Regina zuwa Najeriya. Lokacin da ya isa Legas, ya gano cewa wasu mutane suna zaune a gidansa na dā. Bayan haka, wasu abokan aiki sun kai shi ofishin Col. Bello, wanda ya gaya masa cewa matarsa ta tafi Abuja don hira da aiki. Daga baya aka bayyana cewa Col. Bello ne ke da alhakin mutuwar da ya yi niyyar yin aiki a aikin soja saboda niyyarsa ta auri Lebari. Angela ta nemi gafara daga Regina bayan wahayi cewa ta bayyana bayanai ga Bossman saboda ciwo da ta ji lokacin da Manjo Egan ya ki amincewa da ci gabanta. Ta shawarci Regina ta je Najeriya don saduwa da Manjo Egan idan tana ƙaunarsa da gaske. A Najeriya, Col. Bello ya aika da sojoji don kashe Major Egan kuma ya nuna shi kamar kashe kansa. Mai kisan ya buɗe wani gas wanda ya bayyana sha'awar mutuwar Manjo Egan kuma ya gaya masa Col. Bello ne ke da alhakin. Yayin da sajan ke barin gidan, yana cewa a waya, "Na tura shi jahannama a wannan lokacin" tare da bam din a hannunsa, Regina ta fito don ceton Major Egan a karo na biyu tana cewa, me ya sa koyaushe kuna samun kanka a yanayin mutuwa?. ==Ƴan wasan== * [[Linda Ejiofor]] a matsayin Regina * [[Tope Tedela]] a matsayin Manjo Egan * Daniyel K Daniyel a matsayin Bossman * [[Adesua Etomi]] a matsayin Lebari * [[Zainab Balogun]] a matsayin Angela * Chukwuma Aligwekwe a matsayin Col. Bello * Sambasa Nzeribe a matsayin Ghetto * Olumide Oworu a matsayin Edwin == Saki == fara shi ne a Genesis Cinemas, Onikan, [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]] a watan Satumbar 2015 .<ref>{{cite web | url=http://pulse.ng/movies/a-soldiers-story-movie-starring-daniel-k-daniel-tope-tedela-linda-ejiofor-to-hit-cinemas-soon-id4133028.html | title=Movie starring Daniel K Daniel, Tope Tedela, Linda Ejiofor to hit cinemas soon | publisher=pulse.ng | accessdate=21 June 2016 | archive-date=9 August 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809153836/http://pulse.ng/movies/a-soldiers-story-movie-starring-daniel-k-daniel-tope-tedela-linda-ejiofor-to-hit-cinemas-soon-id4133028.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bestofnollywood.tv/2015/09/03/a-soldier-story-new-film-set-to-hit-up-the-nigerian-screen/ | title=A Soldier Story: New Film Set To Hit Up The Nigerian Screen | publisher=bestofnollywood.tv | accessdate=21 June 2016 | archive-date=4 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104201905/http://www.bestofnollywood.tv/2015/09/03/a-soldier-story-new-film-set-to-hit-up-the-nigerian-screen/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> == Karɓuwa== 36onobs.com ya bayyana a cikin bita cewa darektan ya ɓata labarin mai ban sha'awa a kan rubutun da ba shi da ƙarfi. ci gaba da kammala cewa "Yana da wahala a daidaita rashin gamsuwa da mutum ke ji lokacin da mutum ya ga wani labari mai ban sha'awa wanda ya ƙare ba tare da fahimtar damarsa a kowane nau'in fasaha ba, amma wannan rashin gamsuwa ya kara tsanantawa lokacin da darektan fim din ya kasa yin zane-zane. "<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.360nobs.com/2016/04/nollywood-movie-review-soldiers-story/ | title=#Nollywood Movie Review Of 'A Soldier's Story' | publisher=360nobs.com | accessdate=21 June 2016 | archive-date=7 August 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807215118/https://www.360nobs.com/2016/04/nollywood-movie-review-soldiers-story/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable" !Kyautar !Sashe !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon !Ref |- | rowspan="5" |Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka ta 12 |Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Mafi kyawun Actor |Daniyel K Daniyel|{{Won}} | rowspan="5" | |- |Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Mafi Kyawun Makeup ||{{Won}} |- |Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawa ||{{Nom}} |- |Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Kyakkyawan Tsarin Fitarwa ||{{Nom}} |- |Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka ||{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="4" |2016 Kyautar Zaɓin Masu kallo na sihiri na Afirka |Mafi kyawun Actor a matsayin Jagora |Daniyel K Daniyel|{{Won}} | rowspan="4" | |- |Mafi kyawun mai ba da tallafi a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Sambassa Nzeribe|{{Won}} |- |Mafi kyawun mai ba da tallafi a cikin wasan kwaikwayo |Olumide Oworu|{{Nom}} |- |Editan Hoton Mafi Kyawu |Olumide Oworu|{{Nom}} |- |Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Zulu ta Afirka ta 2018 |Mafi kyawun Fitowa ||{{Won}} | |- |} == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb title|7785320}} [[Category:Fim]] [[Category: Fina-finan Najeriya]] stj9c0na7fhlafx7qcnbiagyrpo577u 0 69577 549929 456215 2024-12-02T00:32:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Code Wilo''''' fim ne na Najeriya na 2019 game da abubuwan da suka faru na siyasa na Zaben gwamna na Najeriya na 2019. nuna bukatar da sarari ga mata da matasa a zaben kasar. Hauwa Allahbura ya samar da<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-08 |title=On Hauwa Allahbura's political thriller "Code Wilo" |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/09/on-hauwa-allahburas-political-thriller-code-wilo/ |access-date=2022-07-19 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Oyewobi |first=Akin |date=2019-08-24 |title=New Nollywood political thriller ‘Code Wilo’ hits cinemas |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/348336-new-nollywood-political-thriller-code-wilo-hits-cinemas.html |access-date=2022-07-19 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> ''Code Wilo'' kuma Mike-Steve Adeleye ne ya ba da umarni; taurari [[Zack Orji]], [[Eucharia Anunobi]], Yaw Comedian, Uzo Arukwe da [[Gabriel Afolayan]] [1] <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Bada |first=Gbenga |date=2019-03-04 |title=Movie Review: ‘Code Wilo’ makes a good attempt at a political thriller |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/code-wilo-makes-a-good-attempt-at-a-political-thriller/1x2wg96 |access-date=2022-07-19 |website=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=2022-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220719220353/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/code-wilo-makes-a-good-attempt-at-a-political-thriller/1x2wg96 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Bayani game da shi == Fim din yana kewaye da wata budurwa, Nimi, wacce ke da burin zaben gwamna. An sace ta kuma hulɗa da masu garkuwa da ita sun nuna cewa ba kawai don fansa ba ne. [[Fim]] din kuma tattauna batun "godfatherism" a cikin siyasar [[Najeriya]] tare da Nimi, mahaifinsa kaɗai ya yanke shawarar sanya ta ɗan takarar gwamna == Farko == An fara gabatar da fim din ne tare da haɗin gwiwar Bankin Heritage a ranar 7 ga Maris 2019 a Terra Kulture, Victoria Island, Legas.   ==Ƴan wasan== Gabriel Afolayan, Eucharia Abinibi Ekwu, Bikiya Graham Douglas, Kali Ikeagwu Alex Usifo Omiagbo, Steve Onu, Zack Orji da Gbenga Titiloye<ref>{{Citation |title=Code Wilo (2019) - IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt11547152/fullcredits |access-date=2022-07-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Dark, Twisted Plot of ‘Code Wilo’ – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/08/31/the-dark-twisted-plot-of-code-wilo/amp/ |access-date=2022-07-19 |website=www.thisdaylive.com |archive-date=2022-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220719215211/https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/08/31/the-dark-twisted-plot-of-code-wilo/amp/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} 0a5luyqg0osmfw87nfnc3jfq4gwioss 0 70741 549521 494309 2024-12-01T16:25:12Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549521 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Little tombstone.ogv|thumb|dutsen little one]] [[Fayil:Winsor McCay - Little Nemo film still - drawing.jpg|thumb|zanen film in]] [[Fayil:Little tombstone.ogv|thumb|Little One (film)]] Little One fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka ta Kudu na shekarar 2012 wanda Darrell Roodt ya jagoranta. zaɓi fim ɗin a matsayin shigarwar Afirka ta Kudu don Oscar mafi kyawun Harshen Ƙasashen Waje a 85th Academy Awards, amma bai shiga cikin gajeren jerin sunayen karshe ba.<ref name="Oscars">{{cite news |url=https://www.variety.com/article/VR1118060052/ |title=S. Africa picks 'Little One' for Oscar nom |date=28 September 2012 |accessdate=28 September 2012 |work=Variety |publisher=Reed Business Information|last=Vourlias |first=Christopher }}</ref> == Labarin fim == An kafa shi a Afirka ta Kudu, labarin ya biyo bayan wata mace mai matsakaicin shekaru mai suna Pauline, wacce ta sami wani yaro da aka yi wa duka a bisa hanya. Ta kai yaron asibiti inda ake kula da shi. Sa'an nan kuma ta ɗauki yaron don gano dalilin da ya sa yaron ya zama wanda aka zalunta. == Ƴan Wasa == * Lindiwe Ndlovu a matsayin Pauline * Vuyelwa Msimang a matsayin Little One (Vuyelwa) * Mutodi Neshehe a matsayin Detective Morena * Nompumelelo Nyiyane a matsayin Nurs * Luzuko Nqeto a matsayin Yakubu * Vicky Kente a matsayin Florence * Vusi Msimang a matsayin Vusi * Richard Lukunku a matsayin mai bincike # 2 * Tami Baleka a matsayin Matron * Sarah kozlowski a matsayin Ma'aikacin Jama'a * Jonathan Taylor a matsayin Dokta * Samela Tyelbooi a matsayin Nurses na ICU == Duba kuma == * Jerin abubuwan da aka gabatar a cikin 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film * Jerin abubuwan da Afirka ta Kudu suka gabatar don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0b3y8arwhhefx1ejl3i81luqyi2ciug 0 70804 549976 379854 2024-12-02T04:25:42Z Maryamarh 29382 Gyara kalmomi da wasali 549976 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Duli''' (Gewe,Gueve,Gey) ɓataccen [[Yaren Adamawa|harshen Adamawa]] ne na arewacin [[Kamaru]] . Blench (2004) yana danganta Duli zuwa ga bacewar harshen '''Gey''' (Gewe); ''Glottolog'' ya bayyana cewa Gey ba'a nuna shi a zaman harshe na musamman. Duli da Gewe (Gey) nau'ikan harshe ne masu alaƙa, kuma wataƙila yaruka ne na yare ɗaya a cewar Kleinewillinghöfer (2015). An yi magana da su a kewayen [[Mayo Kebbi|kogin Benue da Mayo-Kebbi]], kuma an rubuta su da jerin kalmomi a Strümpell (1922/23). <ref>Strümpell, F. 1922/23. 'Wörterverzeichnis der Heidensprachen des Mandaragebirges', ''Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen'' 13: 47-75, 109-149.</ref> Ko da yake Boyd (1989:184) <ref>Boyd, Raymond. 1989. Adamawa-Ubangi. - in: Bendor-Samuel, John. (ed.) ''The Niger-Congo languages''. Lanham - New York - London: Summer Institute of Linguistics; 178-215.</ref> ya ware Duli a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin [[Harsunan Daru|harsunan Duru]], Kleinewillinghöfer bai sami wata shaida da ke nuna cewa harshen Duru ba ne kuma ya ɗauke shi a matsayin wata ƙungiya ta daban a cikin Adamawa–Gur continuum . <ref>Kleinewillinghöfer, Ulrich. 2015. [https://www.blogs.uni-mainz.de/fb07-adamawa/adamawa-languages/gewe-duli/ Duli – Gewe (Gueve, Gey)]. Adamawa Languages Project.</ref> == Rarrabawa == A yau, Gey, waɗanda adadinsu ya kai kusan mutane 1,000 a gabashin Pitoa (Pitoa commune, Bénoué sashen, yankin Arewa), bisa ga taswirar yawan jama'a na ORTOM na 1964. SIL (1982) ya ƙiyasta yawan ƙabilun a matsayin 1,900. Yan Gey yanzu sun amince da Lamido na Tchéboa a matsayin shugabansu, kuma a halin yanzu suna magana da Fulfulde kawai. Ana magana da Duli kusa da Pitoa (kwaryar Pitoa) da [[Garoua]] (sashen Bénoué, Yankin Arewa). [[:fr:Eldridge Mohammadou|Eldridge Mohammadou]] ya kuma lura cewa an tattara wasu kalmomin Duli kaɗan ne kawai. A sakamakon haka, ainihin harshen ba shi da takardun shaida. == Nassoshi == [[Category:Harsunan Nijeriya]] [[Category:Harsunan Adamawa]] dwbldosl17j6o0ubexpmc1ugr2remm8 0 71000 549542 499353 2024-12-01T17:04:22Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Korana Karlovac, Croatia.JPG|thumb|Khoemana]] [[Fayil:KoranaZalazak.jpg|thumb|Khoemana]] [[Fayil:KoranaZalazak.jpg|thumb|Khoemana]] '''ǃOrakobab''' ko '''''Khoemana''''', kuma aka sani da '''Korana''', '''ǃOra''', ko '''Griqua''', harshe ne na Khoe na Afirka ta Kudu . == Sunaye == "Khoemana" (daga ''khoe'' 'mutum' + ''mana'' 'harshe') an fi saninsa da ko dai '''Korana''' / kɒˈrɑːnə / ( kuma ǃOrakobab , ǃOra, Kora, Koraqua) ko '''Griqua''' (kuma Gri {{IPA|[xri]}}</link> , Xri, Xiri, Xirikwa). <ref>The ''-kwa'' is also a grammatical suffix. </ref> Sunan 'Korana' yana nuna ƙarshen ƙarshen '''ǃOra''' </link> ko kuma '''Ƙaura''' </link> , yana nufin mutanen ǃOra . <ref>The ''-na'' is a grammatical suffix</ref> Wani lokaci ǃOra kuma ana kiransa '''Cape Khoe''' ko Cape Hottentot, kodayake ƙarshen ya zama abin wulakanci. Sunaye daban-daban galibi ana ɗaukar su azaman harsuna daban-daban (wanda ake kira '''South Khoekhoe''' idan an haɗa su tare), amma ba su dace da kowane yare na ainihi ba, kuma masu iya magana na iya amfani da “Korana” da “Griqua” a musaya. Dukansu sunaye kuma ana amfani da su sosai, misali ga mutanen Griqua . Akwai (ko wanzu) yaruka da yawa na Khoemana, amma ba a san cikakkun bayanai ba. <ref name="killian">Killian, D. [https://helda.helsinki.fi//bitstream/handle/10138/229407/Khoemana_and_the_Griqua.pdf ''Khoemana and the Griqua'']</ref> == Fassarar sauti == Khoemana yana da alaƙa da Khoekhoe, kuma tsarin sauti suna kama da juna. Ƙungiyoyin Khoekhoe da ke da ƙarfi su ne kawai buƙatun busassun {{IPA|[tʰ, kʰ]}}</link> in Khoemana. Koyaya, Khoemana yana da alaƙar haɗin gwiwa, {{IPA|/kxʼʔ/}}</link> , <ref>An ejective velar "scrape" followed by a glottal stop, a bit different from a typical velar ejective affricate</ref> wanda ba a samo shi a cikin Khoekhoe ba, da jerin dannawa masu dacewa, {{IPA|/ǀ͡xʼ ǁ͡xʼ ǃ͡xʼ ǂ͡xʼ/}}</link> . Tekun (1938) <ref>D. Beach, 1938. </ref> ya ba da rahoton cewa Khoekhoe na lokacin yana da alaƙar ɓarna a gefe, {{IPA|[k͡ʟ̝̊ʼ]}}</link> , fahimta gama gari ko allophone na {{IPA|/kxʼ/}}</link> a cikin harsuna tare da dannawa, kuma ana iya tsammanin hakan gaskiya ne ga Khoemana kuma. Bugu da ƙari, kusan rabin dukkan [[Bangaren magana|kalmomin ƙamus]] na Khoemana sun fara da dannawa, idan aka kwatanta da kwata na Khoekhoe. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Khoemana wasali ! rowspan="2" | ! colspan="2" | Gaba ! Tsakiya ! colspan="2" | Baya |- ! <small>na baka</small> ! <small>hanci</small> ! <small>na baka</small> ! <small>na baka</small> ! <small>hanci</small> |- ! Kusa | i | ĩ | | u | ũ |- ! Tsakar | e | | ə | o | õ |- ! Bude | a | ã | | | |} A cikin Korana, [oe] da [oa] ana iya kiran su [mu] da [wa]. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Khoemana mara latsa baƙaƙe ! colspan="2" | ! Labial ! Dental ! Alveolar ! Velar ! Glottal |- ! colspan="2" | Nasal | m | n | | | |- ! rowspan="3" | M ! <small>mara murya</small> | p | t | | k | ʔ |- ! <small>m</small> | | tʰ | | kʰ | |- ! <small>murya</small> | b | d | | ɡ | |- ! colspan="2" | Ƙaddamar da fitarwa | | tsʼ | | kxʼ | |- ! colspan="2" | Mai sassautawa | | | s | x | h |- ! colspan="2" | Trill | | | r | | |} * Ana iya gane sautin wayar [k] a matsayin /c/ kafin [e] ko [i]. * Wani lokaci ana samun intervocalic [p] da [b] a matsayin /β/. * An bayyana [s] alveolar-postalveolar lokacin da wasalin gaba na kusa [i], [ĩ], ko [e] ba ya bi shi. * Wayar da aka yi niyya [tʰ] ana gane shi azaman sauti /ts/ mai alaƙa lokacin da wani wasalin gaba na kusa [i], [ĩ], ko [e ke biye da shi. * Sautin da aka nema [kʰ] ana iya gane shi wani lokaci azaman [kx]. Wasu masu magana da Griqua na iya furta [kʰ] a matsayin [kʼ]. * Sautin [tsʼ] ba safai yake faruwa ba. * [m] da [n] na iya faruwa a sillabi kamar [m̩] da [n̩]. * Hakanan za'a iya gane abin da aka soke [r] a matsayin wanda aka harba [ɾ] a cikin wasu magana. * Murya na iya zama mai rauni sosai a cikin Khoemana a cikin magana ta yau da kullun, don haka muryoyin murya na iya zama da wahala a bambanta su da saƙon mara murya. <ref name="killian">Killian, D. [https://helda.helsinki.fi//bitstream/handle/10138/229407/Khoemana_and_the_Griqua.pdf ''Khoemana and the Griqua'']</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Khoemana yana dannawa ! ! hakori ! alveolar ! na gefe ! palatal |- ! fili ( tasha tasha ) | ǀ (k) | ǃ (k) | ( ǁ ) | ( ǂ ) |- ! hanci | ᵑǀ | ᵑǃ | ᵑǁ | ᵑǂ |- ! glotalized | ǀˀ | ǃˀ | ǁˀ | ǂˀ |- ! m | {{IPA|ǀʰ}} | {{IPA|ǃʰ}} | {{IPA|ǁʰ}} | {{IPA|ǂʰ}} |- ! murya | {{IPA|ǀᶢ}} | {{IPA|ǃᶢ}} | {{IPA|ǁᶢ}} | {{IPA|ǂᶢ}} |- ! buqatar k | {{IPA|ǀᵏʰ}} | {{IPA|ǃᵏʰ}} | {{IPA|ǁᵏʰ}} | {{IPA|ǂᵏʰ}} |- ! yankin baki | {{IPA|ǀkx}} | {{IPA|ǃkx}} | {{IPA|ǁkx}} | {{IPA|ǂkx}} |- ! mai cirewa<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> dangantaka | {{IPA|ǀkxʼ}} | {{IPA|ǃkxʼ}} | {{IPA|ǁkxʼ}} | {{IPA|ǂkxʼ}} |- ! velar fricative | {{IPA|ǀx}} | {{IPA|ǃx}} | {{IPA|ǁx}} | {{IPA|ǂx}} |} {| class="wikitable" |babba- |- | tashi- ̌ |- | tsakiyar- ̄ |- | faduwa- ̂ |} == Yawan jama'a == Rahotanni na yawan masu magana da harshen Khoemana sun ci karo da juna, amma a fili yake cewa ya kusa karewa. An yi tunanin bacewa har sai an gano tsofaffin masu magana guda huɗu a kusa da Bloemfontein da Kimberley. <ref>[[Menan Du Plessis|Du Plessis, Menan]] (2011) "Collection of sound files for inclusion in a dictionary of Korana and eventual integration with a corpus of heritage texts"</ref> Wani rahoto da Don Killian na Jami’ar Helsinki ya fitar a shekara ta 2009 ya kiyasta cewa akwai kasa da 30 masu magana a lokacin. <ref name="killian">Killian, D. [https://helda.helsinki.fi//bitstream/handle/10138/229407/Khoemana_and_the_Griqua.pdf ''Khoemana and the Griqua'']</ref> Matthias Brenzinger ya ruwaito a cikin 2012 cewa mai yiwuwa mai magana daya ya rage, amma ta ki jin yaren. <ref>[http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/kqz Korana] at Endangered Languages.com</ref> Bambance-bambancen na iya zama saboda harshen yana da yaruka da yawa kuma yana tafiya da sunaye da yawa, tare da malamai ba koyaushe suna magana akan yawan jama'a ɗaya ba. <ref name="killian" /> An jera Khoemana a matsayin "mai hatsarin gaske" a cikin ''Atlas Harshen'' [[UNESCO]] . <ref name="unesco">UNESCO [http://www.unesco.org/culture/languages-atlas/en/atlasmap/language-id-1442.html Xiri] at ''UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger''</ref> Rasa wannan harshe mai hatsarin gaske zai yi tasiri sosai ga al'adun gargajiya da al'adun masu magana da Khoemana. == Shaida == Robust Khoemana (kafin ƙarancin harshe na kwanan nan) an rubuta shi a cikin littafin rubutu na 1879 na Lucy Lloyd, wanda ya ƙunshi gajerun labarai guda biyar; An yi wasu ƙarin ayyuka a Ponelis (1975). Tun daga 2009, aikin EuroBABEL yana neman sauran masu magana.. == Tarihi == Jama'a da harshensu sun fara jan hankalin masana a cikin shekarun 1660, wanda ya yi daidai da kokarin da 'yan mulkin mallaka na Holland suka yi a [[Cape of Good Hope]] da kuma sakamakon rikice-rikice na makamai. <ref name="killian">Killian, D. [https://helda.helsinki.fi//bitstream/handle/10138/229407/Khoemana_and_the_Griqua.pdf ''Khoemana and the Griqua'']</ref> A lokacin, Khoemana yana yaɗuwa a ko'ina cikin yankunan bakin teku na Afirka ta Kudu. Bayan shekaru da aka shafe ana mulkin mallaka zuwa shekarun 1930, da kuma karkashin mulkin wariyar launin fata daga 1948 zuwa 1994, duk harshen ya bace. <ref name="killian" /> A halin yanzu, masu magana da harshen Khoemana ba kawai ba su da yawa, amma sun warwatse, saboda ƙaura ta tilastawa a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata. Wannan ya sa harshen ya kasance mai rauni musamman. <ref name="erasmus">Erasmus, P. [http://www.jpanafrican.com/docs/vol3no9/3.9DreamsandVisions.pdf ''Dreams and Visions in Koranna and Griqua Revival in Colonial and Post-Apartheid South Africa'']</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Kara karantawa == *   *   *   * {{Cite journal|url-status=71–78}} * {{Cite journal|url-status=117–133}} *   * {{Cite journal|url-status=175–200}} *   * Maingard, L.F. 1962. Korana Folktales. Grammar and Texts. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * ǃKorana grammar at Cornell at the Wayback Machine (archive index) * [http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100\ckh\kkh&limit=-1 ǃKorana basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database] * ELAR archive of [http://elar.soas.ac.uk/deposit/0266 Dictionary of Korana ('Ora)] * [https://archive.org/stream/rosettaproject_xii_swadesh-1/xii.txt Rosetta Project: Xiri Swadesh List] 2dsqv2n2av5cv2ucnd4dqs4jvnh9a44 0 71123 549985 525765 2024-12-02T04:57:08Z Umar A Muhammad 22698 Nayi Gyara 549985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''David Schicke ''' ''' an haife shi ne a ranar Ashirin ga watan (Maris 20, 1937 -ya mutu a ranar talatin da ɗaya ga watan Oktoba 31, 1999) ya kasance mawaƙi Ba'amurke ne, darektan fina-finai, kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. A ƙasar Amurka. == Rayuwar farko == An haife shi a Ames Iowa ga iyayen baƙi Alsatian. Mahaifinsa, Rainer, ɗan marubuci ne René Schickele . Dan uwansa Peter Schickle ya kasance mawaki kuma mai fasikanci.<ref name=":0" /> Ya girma a Fargo, North Dakota da Washington, DC, sa'an nan kuma ya karanci wallafe-wallafen Turanci a Kwalejin Swarthmore, ya kammala karatunsa a a cikin shekara ta 1958 (bin babban ɗan'uwansa a can, mawaƙa Peter Schickele ). <ref name=":0">''Swarthmore College Bulletin,'' "Swarthmore's First Music Major: The Comic Underside of Music Convention," by Paul Wachter, September 2007.</ref> == Sana'a == Daga shekarar 1958-61 ya taka leda a gidan waka na Radio City a birnin New York a matsayin dan wasan violist mai zaman kansa kuma ya yi rikodi kuma ya zagaya ƙasar tare da Robert Shaw Chorale. A cikin shekara ta 1961, ya shiga cikin Peace Corps kuma ya koyar da Turanci a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Nigeria Nsukka]] zuwa shekara ta 1963.<ref>''Swarthmore College Bulletin,'' "Swarthmore's First Music Major: The Comic Underside of Music Convention," by Paul Wachter, September 2007.</ref> A cikin wata maƙala mai suna "Lokacin da Hannun Dama Ya Wanke Hagu" da aka buga a cikin ''Swarthmore College Bulletin'' a shekarar 1963, ya yi tunani a kan kwarewar sa na Peace Corps: "Wannan a gare ni ita ce ma'anar rundunar zaman lafiya a matsayin sabuwar kan iyaka. Kiran zuwa ne, ba inda dan Adam bai taba zuwa ba, sai dai inda ya yi rayuwa daban; ina kira ga mutane da a gane mabambantan al'adu daban-daban; su fahimce ta daga ciki maimakon waje, kuma a gwada iyakokin rayuwar mutum da wani kamar yadda majagaba na asali ya gwada iyakar juriyarsa da abubuwan halitta.”<ref>{{Cite web|title="When the Right Hand Washes the Left" by David Schickele (Nigeria) – Peace Corps Worldwide|url=https://peacecorpsworldwide.org/when-the-right-hand-washes-the-left-by-david-schickele-nigeria/|access-date=2024-01-16|website=peacecorpsworldwide.org}}</ref> Lokacin da ya dawo Amurka, ya yi babban fim na farko game da Peace Corps da ke da alaƙa da abubuwan da ya faru a Najeriya mai suna ''Give Me a Riddle'' a shekarar (1966).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/1999/scene/people-news/david-schickele-1117883433/|title=David Schickele|first=Jill|last=Pesselnick|website=Variety.com|date=December 17, 1999}}</ref> A cikin 1971, ya shirya fim ɗinsa na biyu ''Bushman'', wanda aka mayar da shi kuma aka sake shi a 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|title="Bushman" To Be Released From The Archives|url=https://thenollywoodreporter.com/news/bushman-to-be-released-from-the-archives/|access-date=2024-01-16|website=The Nollywood Reporter|language=en}}</ref> Fim ɗin ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa, ciki har da Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Farko a Bikin Fina-Finan Duniya na Chicago. Taskar Fina-Finan Pasifik a UC-Berkeley, da Gidan Tarihi na Fasahar Zamani a New York kuma sun karɓe ta don wuraren ajiyar su. A shekarar 1992, fim dinsa na karshe ''na Tuscarora'' ya fito. A cikin 1978, ya ba da gudummawar wasu kiɗa zuwa ''Hasken Arewa'', fim ɗin Rob Nilsson wanda ya haɗu da shi lokacin yana Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inforum.com/entertainment/movies/4631151-Eriksmoen-15-year-old-Fargo-orchestra-conductor-became-a-movie-actor-director|title=Eriksmoen: 15-year-old Fargo orchestra conductor became a movie actor, director|website=Inforum.com|date=September 7, 2019}}</ref> Daga baya ya yi tauraro a cikin fina-finansa guda biyu, ''Signal Seven'' da ''Heat da Hasken Rana'' . Ya kuma yi tauraro a cikin fina-finai bakwai wanda Bobby Roth ya jagoranta - ''Matattu Solid Perfect'' (1988), ''Mai Kula da Birni'' (1991), ''Mai Sauyawa'' (1992), ''Ranar Shari'a: Labarin John List'' (1993), ''Ride tare da Iska'' (1993), ''Kidnapped: In the Line of Duty'' (1995), and ''Naomi &amp;amp; Wynonna: Love Can Gina Bridge'' (1995). A 1979, ya sami Guggenheim Fellowship.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/david-schickele/|title=John Simon Guggenheim Foundation &#124; David Schickele|website=Gf.org|access-date=October 28, 2021}}</ref> == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|0771350}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1937]] c7n40mn3hwnol45gaaenrpeqrpf5yuw 0 71204 550100 493763 2024-12-02T07:11:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550100 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Flag of Nigeria.svg|thumb|Green white green]] '''''Green White Green''''' fim ne mai zuwa wanda ke kewaye da matasa uku, wadanda suke da alama suna jira na dogon lokaci don jami'a. == Labarin fim == Matasa uku suna da alama suna jiran jami'a na dogon lokaci. A cikin hutu, suna ci gaba da shenanigans daban-daban. Uzzie yayi kokari ya zama mai zane, abokinsa Segun yana rike da jaka don tafiya mai zuwa zuwa zuwa New York kuma dayan yana kokarin sa mahaifinsa ya yi imani da shi kuma ya girmama shi. Lokaci na 'saukowa da sanyi' yana taimaka wa masu sauraro su fahimci abin da ke motsa matsakaicin matasan Najeriya; masu sauraro suna ganin tasirin Amurka da hip hop, batun Boko Haram, hacking bayan 'tafi kasashen waje' da rashin jagora wanda wani lokacin ke jagorantar matasa a hanyar da ba daidai ba. An bayyana wani rukuni na yara maza na Ajegunle a matsayin 'Future Thugs' kuma daya daga cikinsu a zahiri yana kallon kyamara kuma ya ce - 'Ka sa ka dubi ni o, ban da kyau ba' wanda irin wannan ya hada yanayin tunanin matasa 'yan Najeriya da yawa da aka kori rabin hauka ta hanyar rashin jin dadi da rikici iyayensu suka yi wa kasar. [[Abba Makama]] ne ya samar da Green White Green kuma ya ba da umarni. Ifeanyi Dike, Samuel Robinson da Jammal Ibrahim.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.okayafrica.com/culture-2/green-white-green-abba-makama-nigerian-comedy-film/|title=A Cool New Comedy Asks "What Does It Mean To Be Nigerian?"|date=2015-10-13|language=en-US|access-date=2016-10-01}}</ref> == Ƴan wasa == * Ifeanyi Dike a matsayin Uzoma * [[Jammal Ibrahim]] a matsayin Baba * Samuel Robinson a matsayin Segun * Crystabel Goddy a matsayin Maggie == Saki == saki ''Green White Green'' a Najeriya a ranar 30 ga Satumba 2016 a bikin fina-finai na Lights Camera Africa a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lightscameraafrica.com/green-white-green-to-open-lights-camera-africa-2016-film-festival/|title=Green White Green to Open Lights, Camera, Africa!!! 2016 Film Festival {{!}} Lights Camera Africa!!!|date=2016-09-23|language=en-US|access-date=2016-10-01|archive-date=27 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027130807/http://lightscameraafrica.com/green-white-green-to-open-lights-camera-africa-2016-film-festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/events/lights-camera-africa-film-festival-green-white-green-premieres-at-6th-edition-day-1-id5554754.html|title=Lights, Camera, Africa!!! Film Festival: "Green White Green" premieres at 6th edition 'Day 1' - Events - Pulse|last=Adiele|first=Chinedu|date=October 2016|access-date=2016-10-01|archive-date=2017-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117022427/http://pulse.ng/events/lights-camera-africa-film-festival-green-white-green-premieres-at-6th-edition-day-1-id5554754.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> bayan nunawa a bikin fina'a na Toronto.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ynaija.com/green-white-green-real-star-tiff-2016-didnt-hear-feferity/|title=The Film Blog: 'Green White Green' was the real star of TIFF 2016 - but you didn't hear about it, because... feferity - YNaija|last=YManager|date=2016-09-20|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-10-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tiff.net/films/green-white-green/|title=Green White Green|website=www.tiff.net|access-date=2016-10-01}}</ref> == Karbuwa == ''Green White Green'' ya sami kyakkyawan bita mai mahimmanci kuma an bayyana shi a matsayin "mai bankyama da basira" ta hanyar Now Toronto, "Meta-Nollywood" ta hanyar Screen Daily, "bincike na kaleidoscopic na tarihin Najeriya" ta hanyar New Telegraph, "mai ƙarfin zuciya, daji da kuma da alama mai ban sha'awa" ta hanyar Indie Wire, "Bold and Brash" ta hanyar Variety<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/festivals/toronto-nigerian-rookie-explores-countrys-divisions-with-green-white-green-1201857658/|title=Toronto: Nigerian Rookie Explores Country's Divisions With 'Green White Green'|last=Vourlias|first=Christopher|date=2016-09-12|language=en-US|access-date=2016-10-01}}</ref> da kuma "Fim din Jagajaga" ta Sabi News. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hadin waje == * {{IMDb title|5978754}} ed78dyntarfcz8biu3s6vb238wg6vry 0 71240 549699 381106 2024-12-01T19:33:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549699 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amar Laskri''' (22 Janairu 1942 &#x2013; 1 Mayu 2015) darektan fina-finai ne na Aljeriya. Ya yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo, rediyo, talabijin da fim a [[Belgrade]].<ref name="Watan">{{cite journal|language=fr|author=APS|title=Cinéma: décès du réalisateur algérien Amar Laskri|url=http://www.elwatan.com/culture/cinema-deces-du-realisateur-algerien-amar-laskri-01-05-2015-293682_113.php|journal=El Watan|accessdate=5 May 2015|archive-date=2 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502131802/http://www.elwatan.com/culture/cinema-deces-du-realisateur-algerien-amar-laskri-01-05-2015-293682_113.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> An haife shi a Ain Berda, [[Aljeriya|Algeria]], ya ba da umarni a fina-finai da yawa da gajerun fina-finai da wani bangare na talabijin.<ref name="Watan"/> == Filmography == ; Fina-finan<ref name="Watan"/> * 1969 : ''Le Communiqué'' * 1971 : ''Patrouille a l'est'' * 1989 : ''Les Portes du shiru'' * 1999 : ''Fleur du Lotus'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Matattun 2015]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1942]] lhedjzlnizyycebhs8rmmc1fe472sw9 0 71373 550095 460603 2024-12-02T06:50:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''''Gidi Blues''''' wanda aka fi sani da Lagos Love Story fim ne na soyayya [[Nollywood|Na Najeriya]] na 2016 wanda masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya [[Femi Odugbemi]] da [[Hauwa Allahbura]] suka samar kuma suka ba da umarni.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2016-06-11 |title=Gidi Blues... Odugbemi's Lagos love story on big screen |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/gidi-blues-odugbemis-lagos-love-story-on-big-screen/ |access-date=2022-07-19 |website=The Guardian |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731061930/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/gidi-blues-odugbemis-lagos-love-story-on-big-screen/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2016-08-13 |title=Femi Odugbemi's Gidi Blues for Ghana, Uganda film fests |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/femi-odugbemis-gidi-blues-for-ghana-uganda-film-fests/ |access-date=2022-07-19 |website=The Guardian |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220719011119/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/femi-odugbemis-gidi-blues-for-ghana-uganda-film-fests/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> fim din Gideon Okeke, Hauwa Allahbura, Lepacious Bose, Daniel Lloyd, Nancy Isime, Bukky Wright, Tina Mba, Segun Obadare-Akpata, Toyin Oshinaike, William Ekpo, Banky W, Aduke Anikulapo da Jahman Anikulapo . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=izuzu |first=chibumga |date=2016-04-27 |title=Gideon Okeke, Lepacious Bose, Nancy Isime star in a Lagos love story |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/gidi-blues-gideon-okeke-lepacious-bose-nancy-isime-star-in-a-lagos-love-story/b3hvfm4 |access-date=2022-07-19 |website=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=2022-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220719015626/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/gidi-blues-gideon-okeke-lepacious-bose-nancy-isime-star-in-a-lagos-love-story/b3hvfm4 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Farko == Fim din ya fara ne a watan Yunin 2016 tare da hadin gwiwar African Magic a The Federal Palace Hotel & Casino, Victoria Island, Legas. Baya ma'aikatan, wasu mutanen da suka halarci su ne Olu Jacobs da matarsa [[Joke Silva]], Patrick Doyle, [[Meg Otanwa]], [[Yeni Kuti]], [[Tunde Kelani]], [[Olisa Adibua]], [[Toyin Akinosho]], Jahman Anikulapo, [[Awam Amkpa]] . == Bayani game da shi == Fim din soyayya yana kewaye da wani dan wasa - Akin - daga dangin mai arziki da kyakkyawar budurwa mai sadaukarwa. Sun h a wani wuri da ba a iya tsammani ba kuma haɗuwarsu ta haifar da guguwar iska wanda ya rushe duniyar Akin. == Masu ba da labari == * l[[Hauwa Allahbura]] a matsayin Nkem Nochiri * Jahman Anikulapo a matsayin Concert MC * Lepacious Bose a matsayin Simbi * Ibeh Breakthrough a matsayin Jerry * Ibrahim Drago a matsayin Sodiq * William Ekpo a matsayin Bishop Onilude * [[Nancy Isime]] a matsayin Carmen Onilude * Folashade Kareem a matsayin Uwar Sodiq * Daniel Lloyd a matsayin Jaiye Thomas * [[Tina Mba]] a matsayin Mrs. Onilude * Segun Obadare-Akpata a matsayin Babban Mutumin da ba shi da gemu * Steve Ogundele a matsayin Dokta * Gideon Okeke a matsayin Akinola Kuti * Shade Omoniyi a matsayin mai sayar da giya da Lepa Shandy * Toyin Oshinaike a matsayin Boatman * Babatunde Sanni a matsayin Uba na Sodiq * [[Bukky Wright]] a matsayin Mrs. Kuti . == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == A cikin 2017, an zabi fim din don kyautar Nollywood Paris . == Manazarta == [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] j78wb0syakl7ltubetko49o5p9timpc 0 71640 549945 544004 2024-12-02T01:02:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|Name=D'banj|image=D'banjawards.jpg|caption=D'banj at the 2007 MTV Europe Music Awards 2007 MTV Europe Music Awards|Birth_name=Oladapo Daniel}} [[Fayil:D'banjawards.jpg|thumb|[[Fayil:Bangalee, New South Wales.jpg|thumb]]Award Na D'banj]] '''Oladapo Daniel Oyebanjo''' (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Yuni, 1980), wanda aka fi sani da sunansa '''D'banj''', mawaƙin [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ne, mawaƙa, kuma ɗan wasan talabijin. Sunansa D'banj hade ne da sunansa na farko, Dapo, da kuma sunan mahaifinsa, Oyebanjo. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Mo' Hits Records tare da mai gabatarwa Don Jazzy . D'banj an fi saninsa da waƙarsa " Oliver Twist ", haɗaɗɗen rawa na Afrobeats da kiɗan rawa na lantarki wanda ya mamaye jadawalin Afirka a 2011.<ref name="mtveurope2">{{cite web|title=D'Banj – Full Biography|url=http://www.mtvbase.com/music/artists/african-artists-dbanj|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714131105/http://www.mtvbase.com/music/artists/african-artists-dbanj|archive-date=14 July 2011|access-date=25 August 2010|publisher=[[MTV Base]]}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == D'banj, wanda aka fi sani da Kokomaster ko Bangalee, haifaffen garin [[Zariya|Zaria]] ne a arewacin Najeriya ga mahaifin hafsan soja da kuma uwa mai kishin addini ’yar kasuwa daga [[Sagamu|Shagamu]] a jihar [[Ogun]] . Dbanj yana da tagwaye a matsayin ‘yan’uwa, Taiwo da Kehinde Oyebanjo. Iyayen D'banj dai sun yi fatan zai bi sahun mahaifinsa ya shiga aikin soja, amma D'banj ya koma waka maimakon kanensa mai suna Femi Oyebanjo, wanda ya rasu a hatsarin jirgin sama yana da shekara sha bakwai. . [[Fayil:Tekno.jpg|thumb|D'banj]] Gwagwarmayar D'banj don amincewar iyayensa ya ƙarfafa waƙarsa, musamman a kan waƙar album, ''All Da Way'', daga kundin sa na farko. == Aiki da kiɗa == === 2005: ''Babu Dogon Abu'' === Kundin farko na D'banj, ''No Long Thing'', an sake shi a cikin 2005. Ya ba da ƴan wasa da yawa tare da ''Tongolo'' a matsayin nasarar da ta yi nasara. Har ila yau, ya ba wa '''Koko Jagora''' mutum, tare da kalmar, koko, ɗaukar ma'anoni daban-daban. Fitowar D'banj ya haifar da haɗin gwiwa tare da wasu masu fasaha, ciki har da Dare Art Alade da Ikechukwu. === 2006: ''Rundown Funk U Up'' === Album din D'banj na biyu ''Rundown Funk U Up'', wanda aka saki a shekarar 2006, ya samar da wakoki da dama da suka hada da kulob daya, ''Tongolo (Remix)'', da kuma na jagora ''Why Me?.'' === 2007–2008: ''Vitae Curriculum'' da ''Mai Nishadantarwa'' === A shekarar 2007, jam'iyyar PDP (jam'iyyar siyasa mai mulki a Najeriya) ta yi amfani da '''kokon''' daya kira D'Banj a matsayin taken yakin neman zabenta na babban zabe. D'banj kuma ya shiga Mo'Hits Records da ƙungiyarsa, Mo' Hits Allstars (wanda ya haɗa da masu fasaha Dr SID, Wande Coal, KaySwitch, da D'Prince ). Disamba 2007 ya ga sakin kundi na halarta na farko, ''Curriculum Vitae.'' . Ya haɗa da waƙa, "Ku kasance kusa da ku", "Kiran Booty" da "Matsar da Jikinku", wanda shine jagora guda ɗaya. An fito da D'banj a cikin bugun Ikechukwu na 2008, "Wind Am Well". [[Fayil:Folorunsho Coker 3.jpg|thumb|D'banj]] Yuli 2008 ya ga fitowar kundi na uku na D'banj, ''The Entertainment'', tare da waƙoƙin "Gbono Feli Feli", "Kimon", "Olorun Maje" da "Entertainer". === Mo'Hits/G. OOD Music === A cikin watan Yuni 2011, D'banj ya rattaba hannu ga [[Kanye West]] GOOD lakabin rikodin kiɗa a matsayin mai fasaha. A ranar 9 ga Yuni, 2011, D'banj ya rubuta a shafinsa na Twitter, @iamdbanj, "Kamar dai jiya, ni da ɗan'uwana sun yi Tongolo. Bayan shekaru 7, Mo'Hits ya sanya hannu tare da KYAU Music. Best Birthday gift ever. Allah na gode maka. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/iamdbanj|title=Twitter account|access-date=20 August 2020|website=Twitter|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2495609/kanye-west-signs-nigerian-acts-banj-and-don-jazzy/|title=Kanye West Signs Nigerian Acts D'Banj And Don Jazzy|work=MTV.com|access-date=8 March 2017|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202003716/http://www.mtv.com/news/2495609/kanye-west-signs-nigerian-acts-banj-and-don-jazzy/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A watan Satumba na 2016, an sanar da cewa an saki D'banj daga KYAU Music.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/buzz/dbanj-kanye-wests-g-o-o-d-music-label-officially-parts-ways-with-singer-id5481939.html|title=Dbanj: Kanye Wests G.O.O.D music label officially parts ways with singer|first=Abiola|last=Solanke|work=Pulse.ng|date=12 September 2016|access-date=8 March 2017|archive-date=23 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323031532/http://pulse.ng/buzz/dbanj-kanye-wests-g-o-o-d-music-label-officially-parts-ways-with-singer-id5481939.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2016/09/g-o-o-d-music-finally-confirms-dbanjs-exit/|title=G.O.O.D Music finally confirms D'banj's exit – Nigerian Entertainment Today – Nigeria's Top Website for News, Gossip, Comedy, Videos, Blogs, Events, Weddings, Nollywood, Celebs, Scoop and Games|date=10 September 2016|work=TheNet.ng|access-date=8 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114020429/http://thenet.ng/2016/09/g-o-o-d-music-finally-confirms-dbanjs-exit/|archive-date=14 November 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/09/dbanj-dropped-kanye-wests-g-o-o-d-music-label/|title=D'Banj Dropped by Kanye West's G.O.O.D Music Label? – Vanguard News|date=15 September 2016|work=VanguardNgr.com|access-date=8 March 2017}}</ref> Bayan watanni da yawa na hasashe, furodusa, Don Jazzy ya tabbatar ta shafinsa na Twitter da rabuwar Mo'Hits. Bayan rabuwa, Don Jazzy, D'Prince, Dr SID da Wande Coal sun fara Mavin Records, yayin da D'banj ya kafa DB Records, kuma ya sanya hannu kan ƙanensa Kayswitch zuwa lakabin tare da masu samarwa guda biyu, Jaysleek da Deevee.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dbanjrecords.com/ |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-02-25 |archive-date=2020-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706040459/http://dbanjrecords.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Sony Entertainment yarjejeniya === A watan Disambar 2012, D'banj ya rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya da kamfanin Sony. Da yake magana game da mahimmancin yarjejeniyar ga Sony, Manajan Darakta na Sony Music Entertainment ya bayyana yarjejeniyar a matsayin "yarjejeniyar Pan African Multi-album tare da Sony Music's RCA Records. Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi yarjejeniyar gudanarwa ta musamman tare da Sony Music da abokin tarayya mai mahimmanci ROCKSTAR4000 don Nahiyar.Ƙara zuwa ga wannan kwangilar na musamman na album da yawa a duniya tare da tauraruwar mawakin Najeriya Kayswitch, da kuma haɗin gwiwar dabarun haɗin gwiwa tare da lakabin rikodin D'Banj na Najeriya, DB Records ". === 2014 === Waƙar mai zuwa "Dame ku", wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa fim ɗin ''Half of a Yellow Sun'', an sake shi a ranar 7 ga Afrilu 2013, ta Mi7 Records da lakabin D'banj, [[DKM Media]] . A cikin Yuni 2014, D'banj ya gabatar da masu fasaha a ƙarƙashin lakabin rikodinsa, wanda ya haɗa da shi, ƙanensa [[Kay Switch]], 'yan'uwa MossKriss da Ralph Kriss, da [[Tonto Dikeh]] da Ebeneztizzy. === 2017 === Ya fitar da kundi mai suna [[King Don Come]], tare da fasali na baƙi daga irin su Gucci Mane, Wande Coal, Harry Songs, Bucie, Busiswa da dai sauransu a watan Agusta. Kundin ya hada da wakoki 'Ba A Karya ba', 'El Chapo da kuma mega na 2012 da ya buga 'Oliver Twist'. === Wasan kwaikwayo kai tsaye === A cikin Disamba 2010, Mo' Hits All Stars ya kawo wasan kwaikwayo na Koko zuwa Legas. A ranar 23 ga watan Yunin 2012, D'banj ya yi wasa a Hackney Weekend don murnar gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012, wanda [[Jay z|Jay-Z]] da [[Rihanna]] suka jagoranta. Ya yi wasa tare da abokinsa da abokinsa na Universal Music Group mate, [[Rita Ora]], a ranar 30 ga Agusta 2012 a SCALA London Live Music, Clubs and Arts Venue don murnar fitar da album dinta na farko ''Ora'' . Ya kuma taka rawar gani a gasar AFCON 2013 da aka gudanar a kasar Afrika ta Kudu. A ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 2015, D'banj ya yi a Ranar Jama'a ta Duniya, wani kade-kade na kyauta a Dutsen Capitol (Washington Monument Grounds) don cika shekaru 45 na Ranar Duniya wanda Cibiyar Talauci ta Duniya da Cibiyar Sadarwar Ranar Duniya suka gabatar. == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == D'banj ya lashe lambobin yabo na kiɗa da dama, ciki har da kyaututtuka na ''Best African Act'' a MTV Europe Music Awards 2007, ''Best Artist of the Year'' a MTV Africa Music Awards 2009, Best International Act: Africa at 2011 Kyautar BET, Mawaƙin Afirka mafi kyawun siyarwa a Kyautar Kiɗa ta Duniya na 2014, Kyautar Juyin Halitta a Kyautar MTV Africa Musical 2015. Wakar D'banj mai suna " Oliver Twist " ta kasance kan gaba a jadawalin Afirka a shekarar 2011 kuma ta kasance ta daya a jerin 'yan wasa 10 da aka buga a Burtaniya a shekarar 2012, inda ta kai matsayi na 2 a jadawalin R&amp;amp;B na Burtaniya . == Amincewa == Tare da kundi na farko na D'banj ya sami amincewar sa na farko daga wani abin sha mai suna Power Fist. A watan Mayu 2013, D'banj ya zama jakadan Bank of Industry (BOI). A cikin Nuwamba 2013, D'banj ya sake sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ta miliyoyin Naira da [[Glo (kamfani)|Globacom]], kamfanin da ya rabu da shi a 2010. A watan Yuni 2014, D'Banj ya kulla yarjejeniya da [[Bankin Heritage (Najeriya)|Bankin Heritage]] . A watan Oktoban 2014, Dre ya nada D'banj a matsayin jakadan Afirka na Beats . A watan Fabrairun 2015, an nada D'banj a matsayin jakadan Afirka na Ciroc Nigeria a hukumance. A wani labari na musamman kan Mujallar Tush fitowa ta 11, [[Banky W]] da Dbanj sun yi karin haske kan yadda suka zama Jakadun Ciroc . A watan Satumba na 2015, D'banj ya zama jakadan alama na SLOT, sanannen wayar hannu da kayan sayar da na'urorin lantarki. Dbanj yanzu yana cikin manyan masu fasahar Afrobeats a Najeriya. == Aikin jin kai == D'banj shi ne ya kafa gidauniyar Koko Foundation for Youth and Peace Development. Ya kuma kasance jakadan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mai kula da zaman lafiya na farko a Najeriya. Dbanj jakadan yakin neman zabe DAYA ne; ya fitar da wakar "Cocoa Na Chocolate" don tallafa wa jarin noma. 'Cocoa Na Chocolate' ya fito da wasu mawakan Afirka 18 kuma ya lashe Kyautar Haɗin gwiwar Afirka a Kyautar Kiɗa na Afirka a 2014. A shekarar 2015, shugaban [[Bankin Duniya|bankin duniya]] Jim Yong Kim ya yaba masa saboda yin amfani da karfin wakarsa da matsayinsa na shahara wajen jawo hankali ga muhimman batutuwa masu muhimmanci a Afirka, tare da mai da hankali na musamman kan noma da kawar da fatara. An ambato Jim Yong Kim yana cewa, ''"Na ji dadin haduwa da D'banj a watan da ya gabata kuma na gan shi yana wasa. Na yi matukar farin ciki da cewa shi ne mawakan farko da suka shiga cikin sabon shirin mu na Music4Dev wanda ke karfafa gwiwar masu fasahar duniya don wayar da kan jama'a game da talauci. da kuma batutuwan da suka shafi su."'' A cikin 2015, D'banj ya fitar da bidiyon "Mai ban mamaki" don wayar da kan jama'a game da daidaito tsakanin jinsi da karfafawa mata. Bankin Duniya ya amince da wakar a matsayin waka don wayar da kan mata. A watan Agusta 2016, D'banj's D'Kings Men Media ya hada gwiwa da MTN Nigeria da Bank of Industry don kaddamar da THE CREAM PLATFORM, wani dandalin kere-kere da aka kafa don taimakawa wajen gano masu tunanin samari a fadin Najeriya ta hanyar buga waya kawai. Lambar USSD akan wayar hannu. An ba da rahoton cewa, dandalin, ya zuwa watan Disamba 2016, yana da masu biyan kuɗi sama da miliyan 2 kuma ya gano daruruwan basira daga fannin kiɗa kawai, tare da dubban bidiyon kiɗa da miliyoyin Naira [[DUCTOR SETT]] da aka ba wa wadanda suka yi nasara. == Rayuwa ta sirri == D'banj ya auri Lineo Didi Kilgrow a watan Yuni 2016. Ya sanar da haihuwar dansu, Daniel Oyebanjo III, a watan Mayu 2017. Yaron ya nutse a cikin watan Yuni 2018.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/05/dbanj-welcomes-son-daniel/|title=Dbanj, welcomes son Daniel|publisher=The Vanguard|access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.informationng.com/2017/12/moment-dbanj-introduced-cute-son-wife-live-stage-video.html|title=THE MOMENT D'BANJ INTRODUCED HIS CUTE SON AND WIFE LIVE ON STAGE (VIDEO)|website=Information Nigeria|access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/239606-dbanj-opens-married-secretly.html|work=Premium Times|title=Dbanj opens up on why he married secretly|access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/09/30/father-humbling-dbanj/|publisher=PM News|title=Being A Father Is Very Humbling – Dbanj|access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-44600368|title=Nigerian music star D'banj's son drowns at home|access-date=26 June 2020|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=25 June 2018}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2020, bayan D'banj ya buga a dandalin sada zumunta cewa "a'a a yi fyade," Seyitan Babatayo ta zarge shi da yi mata fyade a shekarar 2018, tana mai cewa tana son ta "kira shi kan munafuncinsa." Jim kadan bayan haka, ta yi batan kwana biyu, kuma yayin da ta bace, wasu rubuce-rubucen da aka yi a dandalinta na sada zumunta sun ce zargin ya kasance wani talla ne na tallatawa don tallafawa wani D'banj mai zuwa.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/25/nigerian-pop-star-dbanj-allegedly-abducts-woman-seyitan-babatayo-after-she-accuses-him-of</ref> A cewar ''[[The Guardian]]'', an same ta tare da taimakon NGO Stand to End Rape (STER). <ref name=":0" /> Ta ce ‘yan sandan Najeriya ne suka yi awon gaba da ita, inda suka mika ta ga jami’an gudanarwar D’banj, wadanda suka hada kai a shafukanta na sada zumunta kuma suka yi watsi da labarin. <ref name=":0" /> D'banj ya musanta zarge-zargen, inda ya kira su da "zargin karya da karya daga ramin jahannama." <ref name=":0" /> Bayan kwanaki da yawa, Babatayo ya fitar da sanarwa yana mai cewa ita da D'banj sun amince da yarjejeniyar "ba ta kud'i ba" ta ce, "Salama na kawai nake so." <ref name=":02">{{Cite news|last=Akinwotu|first=Emmanuel|date=25 June 2020|title=Nigerian pop star allegedly abducts woman after she accuses him of rape|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/25/nigerian-pop-star-dbanj-allegedly-abducts-woman-seyitan-babatayo-after-she-accuses-him-of|access-date=25 June 2020|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite news|last=Adegbeye|first=OluTimehin|date=4 September 2020|title=Opinion {{!}} Nothing Happens When Women Are Raped in Nigeria|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/04/opinion/nigeria-rape-sexual-abuse.html|access-date=13 September 2020|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Pitjeng|first=Refilwe|title=D'banj's rape accuser details how the singer allegedly raped her|url=https://ewn.co.za/2020/06/24/d-banj-s-rape-accusor-details-how-the-singer-raped-her|access-date=13 September 2020|website=ewn.co.za|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Dark|first=Shayera|title=Nigerians are confronting an underreported rape crisis that's spiked during the lockdown|url=https://qz.com/africa/1871793/nigerians-confront-rape-culture-crisis-after-dbanj-allegations/|access-date=13 September 2020|website=Quartz Africa|date=24 June 2020|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=18 June 2020|title=D'Banj's assault allegation: Everything we know so far|url=https://thenativemag.com/communities/dbanj-lawsuit-sexual-assault-allegation/|access-date=19 June 2020|website=The Native|language=en-US}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Yuli, 2020, D'banj ya kai karar Babatayo a kan N1.5&nbsp;biliyan. Ba da jimawa ba, tsohon manajan D'banj, Franklin Amudo, ya ruwaito cewa Babatayo ya shaida masa D'banj ya yi mata fyade washegarin da aka ce an yi mata fyade.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Campbell|first=Preye|date=6 July 2020|title=D'banj's former manager, Franklin Amudo speaks on rape allegation|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/07/06/dbanjs-former-manager-franklin-amudo-speaks-on-rape-allegation/|access-date=13 September 2020|website=P.M. News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title='I no fit tell weda D'banj enta your room' – D'banj former manager reply Seyitan|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-53305117|access-date=13 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Rape allegation: DBanj's ex manager, Franklin Amudo gives his own account of what transpired at the hotel (Video)|url=https://nigeriadailynews.com/gossip/61445-rape-allegation-dbanjs-ex-manager-franklin-amudo-gives-his-own-account-of-what-transpired-at-the-hotel-video.html|access-date=13 September 2020|language=en-US|archive-date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026181624/https://nigeriadailynews.com/gossip/61445-rape-allegation-dbanjs-ex-manager-franklin-amudo-gives-his-own-account-of-what-transpired-at-the-hotel-video.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rigingimu == A ranar 7 ga Disamba, 2022, Hukumar Yaki da Cin Hanci da Rashawa (ICPC) ta kama D'banj bisa zargin zamba. <ref>[https://guardian.ng/news/icpc-arrests-detains-dbanj-over-alleged-fraud-diversion-of-n-power-funds-report/ ICPC arrests, detains D'banj over alleged fraud, diversion of N-Power funds – Report] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713101244/https://guardian.ng/news/icpc-arrests-detains-dbanj-over-alleged-fraud-diversion-of-n-power-funds-report/ |date=2023-07-13 }}, ''The Guardian'', [7 December 2022]</ref> An kama shi ne bayan da D'banj ya sha yin watsi da gayyatar da hukumar ICPC ta yi masa na bada bayani dangane da yadda ya ke da hannu wajen karkatar da kudaden da aka ware domin aikin N-Power. N-Power wani bangare ne na Shirin Zuba Jari na Jama'a (SIPs) da gwamnatin tsohon [[Muhammadu Buhari|shugaban kasa Muhammadu Buhari]] ta kafa domin magance rashin aikin yi da bunkasa ci gaban al'umma a [[Najeriya]] . Rahotanni daga Premium Times sun bayyana cewa, <ref>[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/569397-icpc-confirms-arrest-detention-of-dbanj-over-alleged-n-power-fraud.html?tztc=1 ICPC confirms arrest, detention of D’banj over alleged N-Power fraud], ''Premiumtimesng'', [7 December 2022]</ref> D'banj jami'an ICPC ne suka tsare shi a ranar 7 ga watan Disamba 2022 bayan da aka tilasta masa mika kansa a hedikwatar hukumar da ke [[Abuja]] . An bayyana cewa D'banj ya kaucewa sammacin ICPC na tsawon makwanni da dama, inda ya yi ikirarin cewa ya shiga kasashen duniya kafin kama shi. Zargin da ake yi wa D'banj ya nuna cewa ya hada baki da wasu jami’an gwamnati wajen sanya masu amfana da fatalwa a cikin shirin biyan kudin N-Power, inda ya karkatar da kudaden da aka tanada domin masu cin gajiyar sahihancin zuwa asusun ajiyarsa. Binciken da aka gudanar ya gano yadda kudaden ke gudana zuwa asusun ajiyar da ke da alaka da D'banj. Bayan kama shi, D'banj ya fuskanci tambayoyi masu yawa kuma daga baya aka tsare shi lokacin da jami'an ICPC suka ki amincewa da neman belinsa. Jaridar Guardian ta rawaito cewa hukumar yaki da cin hanci da rashawa na duba yiwuwar gurfanar da D'banj bisa zargin zamba da almubazzaranci da kudade da zarar an kammala bincikensu. Wadannan batutuwan da suka shafi shari’a da cece-kuce sun jawo hankulan jama’a sosai, lamarin da ya haifar da fargaba game da rikon sakainar kashi da kuma nuna gaskiya a cikin aikin N-Power da kuma shigar wasu manyan mutane cikin zargin karkatar da kudade. == Hotuna == === Albums === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Albums na Studio ! scope="col" | Take ! scope="col" | Bayanin Album |- | scope="row" | ''Babu Dogon Abu'' | * An sake shi: 2005 * Tag: Mo'Hits Records * Formats: CD, dijital zazzagewa |- | scope="row" | ''RunDown Funk U Up'' | * An sake shi: 2006 * Tag: Mo'Hits Records * Formats: CD, dijital zazzagewa |- | scope="row" | ''Mai Nishadantarwa'' | * An Sabunta: 11 Satumba 2008 * Tag: Mo'Hits Records * Formats: CD, dijital zazzagewa |- | ''[[King Don Come|King Don Zo]]'' | * An sake shi: 2017 * Label: DKM Inc/ Rikodin fifiko / Rikodin Capitol * Formats: Zazzagewar dijital |- | ''<nowiki/>'Yancin Damuwa, Babi na 1'' | * An sake shi: 2021 * Tag: DB Records * Formats: Zazzagewar dijital |} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+Kundin tarin ! scope="col" | Take ! scope="col" | Bayanin Album |- | scope="row" | ''Vitae Curriculum'' | * An sake shi: 2007 * Label: Mo' Hits Records * Formats: CD, dijital zazzagewa |- ! scope="row" | ''D'Kings Mutane'' | * An Sabunta: 24 Yuni 2013 * Tag: DB Records / KYAUTATA kiɗa / Sony Music * Formats: CD, dijital zazzagewa |} === Marasa aure === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Year ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Title ! colspan="4" scope="col" |Peak chart positions ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;" |BEL (Vl)<br /><br /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;" |BEL (Wa)<br /><br /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;" |GER<br /><br /> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;" |UK<br /><br /> |- | rowspan="3" |2005 ! scope="row" |"Tongolo" <span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring Tola HU)</span> |– |– |– |– | rowspan="3" |''No Long Thing'' |- ! scope="row" |"Socor" |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Mobolowowon" |– |– |– |– |- | rowspan="2" |2006 ! scope="row" |"Run Down (Funk U Up)" |– |– |– |– | rowspan="3" |''RunDown Funk U Up'' |- ! scope="row" |"Why Me" |– |– |– |– |- |2007 ! scope="row" |"Tongolo Remix" |– |– |– |– |- | rowspan="7" |2008 ! scope="row" |"Kimon" |– |– |– |– | rowspan="7" |''The Entertainer'' |- ! scope="row" |"Suddenly" |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Gbono Feli Feli" |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Entertainer" |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Suddenly" |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Fall in Love" |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Igwe" |– |– |– |– |- |2009 ! scope="row" |"Scapegoat" |– |– |– |– | rowspan="2" |''N/A'' |- |2010 ! scope="row" |"Mr Endowed (Remix)" <br /><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(featuring [[Snoop Dogg]])</span> |– |– |– |– |- | rowspan="4" |2012 ! scope="row" |"Oliver Twist" |60 |68 |66 |9 | rowspan="7" |''D'Kings Men'' |- ! scope="row" |"Bachelor" |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Cashflow" <small> (D'banj featuring Kay Switch) </small> |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Sister Caro" <small> (Kay Switch featuring D'banj) </small> |– |– |– |– |- | rowspan="3" |2013 ! scope="row" |"Don't Tell Me Nonsense" |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Top of the World" |– |– |– |– |- ! scope="row" |"Finally" |– |– |– |– |- |2014 ! scope="row" |"Feeling the Ni*ga" |– |– |– |– | |- | rowspan="3" |2015 ! scope="row" |"Feeling a Nikka" (Remix) <small>(with Akon)</small> |– |– |– |– | |- ! scope="row" |"Extraordinary" |– |– |– |– | |- ! scope="row" |"Frosh" <small>(featuring Akon)</small> |– |– |– |– | |- | rowspan="2" |2016 ! scope="row" |"Emergency" |– |– |– | | |- ! scope="row" |Focus |– |– |– | | |- | rowspan="2" |2017 ! scope="row" |"Its Not a Lie" |– |– |– |– |''King Don Come'' |- ! scope="row" |"El Chapo" |– |– |– |– |''King Don Come'' |- | rowspan="7" |2018 ! scope="row" |"Agidi" |– |– |– |– | |- ! scope="row" |"Action" |– |– |– |– | |- ! scope="row" |"Senrere" |– |– |– |– | |- ! scope="row" |"Issa Banger" |– |– |– |– | |- ! scope="row" |"Shoulda" |– |– |– |– | |- ! scope="row" |"Action" |– |– |– |– | |- ! scope="row" |"Shake It" (featuring [[Tiwa Savage]]) |– |– |– |– | |- | rowspan="2" |2019 ! scope="row" |"Something For Something" (featuring Casper Nyovest & [[Tiwa Savage]]) |– |– |– |– | |- ! scope="row" |"Baecation" (featuring [[2Baba]]) |– |– |– |– | |- |2022 ! scope="row" |"Face Show" (featuring Skiibii & HollyHood Bay Bay) |– |– |– |– | |} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Take ! scope="col" | Wasu masu yin (s) ! scope="col" | Album |- | 2012 ! scope="row" | " Da safe " | Raekwon, Pusha T, Common, 2 Chainz, Cyhi the Prynce, [[Kid Cudi]] | ''Zalunci Summer'' |} == Hotunan bidiyo da aka zaɓa == {{Reflist}} == Kyaututtuka da yabo == == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin mawakan Najeriya]] * Hip hop na Afirka * Najeriya hip hop * Kyautar BET na 2011 == Nassoshi == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Official website|http://www.dbanjrecords.com}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190909074137/http://www.dbanjrecords.com/about-dbanj/ D'banj Bio Page] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1980]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qyh71ebhkq0u6bjx6cbg546lvlxlu4l 0 71660 549451 503364 2024-12-01T13:54:08Z Mustysummy 21281 karamin gyara 549451 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Aminata pilimini Diallo au Katala224 2019.jpg|thumb|aminata diallo]] [[Fayil:Aminata Pilimini Diallo.jpg|thumb|aminata diallo]] [[Fayil:Aminata Diallo.jpg|thumb|aminata diallo]] '''Aminata Diallo Glez''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1972) 'yar wasan [[Burkina Faso|fim]] ce, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, kuma furodusa wanda kuma aka fi sani da '''Kadi Jolie'''. <ref name="LeFaso"/> == Rayuwa == An haife ta a Dori, Burkina Faso, Aminata Diallo ɗaya ce daga cikin yaya tara da mahaiin su Hassane Diallo ya haifa, likitan dabbobi, da Mandy Togoyéni. Ta yi fatan zama likita tun tana yarinya, amma mahaifinta ya rasu a shekara ta 1983, lokacin tana makarantar sakandare. Ta ci gaba da karatunta a [[Wemtenga]], gundumar [[Ouagadougou]]. Bayan haɗuwa da [[Théâtre de la fraternité]], ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo na [[Jean-Pierre Guingané]], ta shiga ƙungiyar bayan makaranta. Maimakon ta sami wurin yin nazarin ilimin harshe a Jami'ar Ouagadougou, ta zama 'yar wasan kwaikwayo na cikakken lokaci, tare da Théâtre de la fraternité. <ref name="LeFaso"/> A farkon shekarun 1990 Fanta Regina Nacro ta ka ta rawar gani a fim ɗin ''Puk-Nini'', wanda ta fara sabuwar sana'ar Diallo a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta allo. A matsayinta na babbar jarumar shirye-shiryen talabijin ''Kadi jolie'', ta sami mabiya a faɗin Afirka. <ref name="LeFaso">[https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article34726 Aminata Diallo Glez: Itinéraire d’une comédienne sans fard], LeFaso.net, 31 December 2009. Accessed 30 July 2020.</ref> Ta fara nata kamfanin samar da TV, Jovial Productions, wanda ya samar da jerin abubuwan ciki har da 'Trois hommes, un village' (wanda ya lashe Mafi kyawun Series a [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]] 2005), ''Trois femmes, un village'' da ''Super flicks'' (ko ''Marc da Malika'' ). A shekara ta 2006 ta kuma kafa wani art festival, "Fet' Arts". <ref name="LeFaso"/> Ta auri [[Damien Glez]], mai zane-zane na ''Jeune Afrique.'' <ref>[https://www.pressafrik.com/Qui-est-Damien-Glez-le-caricaturiste-de-Jeune-Afrique_a145856.html Qui est Damien Glez, le caricaturiste de Jeune Afrique?], ''Press Afrik'', 29 January 2016. Accessed 30 July 2020.</ref> Na ɗan lokaci ta yi ritaya daga rayuwar jama'a don kula da mahaifiyarta, wacce ke da ciwon daji, <ref>[https://l-frii.com/burkina-faso-la-triste-histoire-de-kadi-jolie-aminata-diallo-glez/ Burkina Faso: la triste histoire de Kadi Joli (Aminata Diallo Glez)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722121756/https://l-frii.com/burkina-faso-la-triste-histoire-de-kadi-jolie-aminata-diallo-glez/ |date=2023-07-22 }}, ''L-DRII'', 2 September 2019. Accessed 30 July 2020.</ref> kuma wacce ta mutu a shekarar 2019. <ref>Daouda Zongo, [https://www.wakatsera.com/necrologie-inhumation-de-la-mere-de-kadi-jolie-au-cimetiere-de-gounghin-ce-mardi/ Nécrologie: inhumation de la mère de Kadi jolie au cimetière de Gounghin ce mardi], ''Wakat Séra'', 15 October 2019. Accessed 30 July 2020.</ref> == Filmography == === Forudusa === * ''Super flicks'' (2008) * ''Trois femmes, un village'' (2009) === Yar wasan kwaikwayo === * ''Puk Nini de Fanta Régina Nacro'' (1996) as Ada * ''Conseils d'une tante d'Idrissa Ouedraogo'' (2001) as Kadi Jolie * ''Kadi Jolie d'Idrissa Ouedraogo'' (2001) as Kadi Jolie == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|id=0224503|name=Animata Diallo}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1972]] 8dct4yvvpyj2ixz37djhvcxie8vd6b6 0 71750 549973 383338 2024-12-02T04:16:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549973 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Epule Jeffrey Ewusi''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba 1983) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Kamaru wanda aka sani da fina-finai kamar su Breach of Trust, Red Pink Poison (2013), Decoded (2013) da Royal destination featuring Tonto Dikeh da Emeka Ike . Ya fito a fina-finai sama da 35. A shekara ta 2012, an zabi shi kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta Cameroon Entertainment a matsayin mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na namiji da kuma lambar yabo ta DAMA mafi kyawun ɗan wasa na 2012 don fim ɗin Decoded . A shekara ta 2012, an zabi shi kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta Cameroon Entertainment a matsayin mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na namiji da kuma lambar yabo ta DAMA mafi kyawun ɗan wasa na 2012 don fim ɗin Decoded . <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/discover-jeffery-epule-cameroon-movie-leading-man-id2510623.html |date=2 December 2013 |title=Discover JEFFERY EPULE: Cameroon Movie Leading Man |publisher=www.pulse.ng |access-date=2 July 2017 |archive-date=29 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729144504/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/discover-jeffery-epule-cameroon-movie-leading-man-id2510623.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == Epule Jeffrey Ewusi, an haife shi ne a yankin Buea ta Kudu maso yammacin Kamaru . Ya kasance Bakosian ta kabilanci, ya tafi makarantar firamare ta PNEU a Bamenda, Makarantar Grammar Bilingual (Lycee) Molyko a Buea kuma ya sami doka a Dokar Jama'a 2006 a Jami'ar Yaounde II .<ref>{{cite web|url= http://aabertrand.wixsite.com/g-tv-online/epule-jeffery | title= Epule Jeffery|publisher= aabertrand.wixsite.com|access-date=2 July 2017 }}</ref> == Ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo == Jeffrey yana aiki tun 2012 kuma an nuna shi a cikin fina-finai sama da 35 a Cinema na Kamaru da [[Nollywood]] a Najeriya . bayyana a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da ake kira Zamba, wanda aka watsa a gidan talabijin na rediyo na Kamaru (CRTV). <ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.camerbeaute.com/blog-1/lrr2gmtz2tznpjx64c5z6zgjjedaxk|title= RELEASE OF THE SAMBA TV SERIES' TRAILER|date= 5 November 2016|access-date= 2 July 2017|archive-date= 29 July 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170729140325/https://www.camerbeaute.com/blog-1/lrr2gmtz2tznpjx64c5z6zgjjedaxk|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://themomentng.com/index.php/2016/05/07/omega1-entertainment-raises-the-bar-with-samba/| title=Omega1 Entertainment Raises The Bar With 'Samba'| access-date=2 July 2017 }}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {{Col-begin}}{{Col-3}} * ''[[Breach of Trust (2017 film)|Breach of Trust]]'' * '' [[Troubled Kingdom]] 2012 * ''Whisper'' (2013) * ''Decoded'' )(2013) * ''Royal destination'' )<ref>{{cite web|title="Cameroon's A-list actor Epule Jeffry, Alias "Jeff Jazzy" reveals himself|url=http://empowersuccessinafrica.blogspot.com/2014/03/cameroons-list-actor-epule-jeffry-alias.html|website= empowersuccessinafrica.blogspot.com |publisher=empowersuccessinafrica.blogspot.com |access-date=3 July 2017}}</ref> {{Col-end}} == Kyaututtuka == [[2012 Cameroon Entertainment Awards]] {{awards table}} |- | style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 2012 | rowspan="2"|(DECODED) | Best Actor | {{Won}} {{End}} == Dubi kuma == * [[Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Kamaru]] * [[Sinima a Kamaru|Fim na Kamaru]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|6867328}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1983]] krc9p78sdr5hgogpsjdsygn5i556am5 0 71780 550008 439583 2024-12-02T05:42:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550008 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Frederick Nnaemeka Leonard, (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga Mayu, 1976) <ref name=<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nollywoodcommunity.com/nollywood-actor-frederick-leonard-year-older-today-born-may-1st/|title=Nollywood Actor Frederick Leonard is a year older today (Born May 1st)|date=2017-05-01|website=Nollywood Community|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-17}}</ref> ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya wanda ya lashe kyautar Kyautattun Mai Taimako a fim a Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards a 2014 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/giama-2014-full-list-of-winners/bzt6wt4|title=Full List Of Winners|date=2014-10-26|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-17|archive-date=2017-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520190023/http://pulse.ng/movies/giama-2014-full-list-of-winners-id3224014.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://yaasomuah.com/2014/10/30/glitz-glam-golden-icons-academy-movie-awards-giama/|title=Glitz & Glam: Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards (GIAMA)|last=yaasomuah|date=2014-10-30|website=Yaa Somuah|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-17|archive-date=2019-12-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217223234/https://yaasomuah.com/2014/10/30/glitz-glam-golden-icons-academy-movie-awards-giama/|url-status=dead}}</ref> kuma a 2016 ya lashe Kyautar City People Movie Award for Best Supporting Actor of the Year (Turanci) a City People Entertainment Awards . == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Leonard ne a [[Anambra|jihar Anambra]] a Najeriya wanda yanki ne na kudu maso gabas a Najeriya wanda [[Inyamurai|al'ummar Igbo]] na Najeriya suka mamaye. Shi ne ɗan fari ga iyayensa a cikin iyali guda huɗu wanda ya ƙunshi yara biyu, uwa da uba. Ya yi karatun firamare a makarantar St Peter's Anglican Primary School, Alausa, Ikeja a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]] sannan ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Oregun da ke Oregun, [[Ikeja]] a [[Lagos (jiha)|jihar Legas]] kuma ya yi karatun sakandare. <ref name=":4" /> A kokarinsa na samun digiri ya koma [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]] da ke Arewacin Najeriya inda ya yi karatu a [[Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kaduna|Kaduna Polytechnic]] inda ya samu karbuwa daga bisani ya kammala digirinsa a fannin Biochemistry.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/i-didnt-bleach-my-skin-has-adapted-to-comfort-frederick-leonard/|title=I didn't bleach, my skin has adapted to comfort— Frederick Leonard|website=Punch Newspapers|date=24 August 2019 |language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/07/ive-nothing-homosexuals-nollywood-frederick-leonard/|title=I've nothing against Homosexuals in Nollywood—Frederick Leonard|date=2016-07-23|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-17}}</ref> == Aiki == Leonard ya fara aikinsa a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya a shekara ta 2001 inda ya taka rawar gani kuma ya dauki hutu daga yin wasan kwaikwayo kusan nan da nan yayin da ya fara don kammala karatun jami'a kuma ya sami digiri. Bayan kammala karatunsa na jami'a, Leonard ya koma masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya da ake kira [[Nollywood]] a shekara ta 2008 kuma ya sami rawar da ya taka a fim din da ake kira Indian Doctor . A shekara ta 2009, ya shiga cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na talabijin na Najeriya kuma ya fito a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin mai taken Disclosure wanda aka watsa shi a kan Africa Magic a kan DSTV . fara aikinsa tare da fim mai suna ''Gray'' kuma daga baya a cikin 2019 ya samar da fim mai taken Void. == Influence == Leonard yaba da [[Bimbo Akintola]], wata 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Najeriya a matsayin daya daga cikin mutanen da suka rinjayi salon wasan kwaikwayonsa. == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Ayyuka !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2014 |Kyautar Golden Icons Academy Movie |Mafi kyawun Mai Taimako ||{{Won}} | |- |2015 |Kyautar Golden Icons Academy Movie |Mafi kyawun Actor ||{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2016 |Kyautar Fim ta Jama'a |Mafi kyawun Mai Taimako na Shekara (Turanci) ||{{Won}} | |- |Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Zulu ta Afirka |Mafi kyawun Actor |''Woeman''|{{Won}} | |} == Rayuwa ta sirri == Leonard maraya kuma ya yi magana a fili game da mummunar tasirin rasa iyayensa biyu musamman mutuwar mahaifiyarsa wanda ya bayyana a matsayin mummunan abin da ya faru wanda ya haifar da komai a rayuwarsa. Leon cikin wata hira da wata kafofin watsa labarai ta Najeriya [[This Day|Wannan Ranar]], ya bayyana kansa a matsayin mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma ba nau'in jam'iyya ba kuma ya bayyana cewa ba ya shan giya ko shan taba kuma yana kula da ƙaramin rukuni na abokai da dangi kaɗan. == Hotunan da aka zaɓa == === Fim (ƙananan) === * ''[[Our Jesus Story|Labarinmu na Yesu]]'' (2020) * ''Rashin aiki (2019) '' * ''Taron (2019) '' * ''A Better Family (2018) a matsayin Nick'' * ''A Kowace Hanyar (2018) a matsayin Dominic'' * ''Rashin gamsuwa (2017) a matsayin Damian'' * ''Rashin gamsuwa II (2017) a matsayin Damian'' * ''Monster a karkashin fata (2015) '' * ''Monster karkashin fata II (2015) '' * ''Dokta na Indiya (2008) '' * [[40 Looks Good on You|40 Yana da kyau a kai]] * ''Ɗan maras tabbas (2021) '' * ''Girman sarauta (2021) '' == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin Jaruman Finafinan Najeriya|Jerin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya]] == Manazarta == [[Category:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8z5d4qu952rdn3pkxid4b3zewwx5x19 0 71787 549947 383132 2024-12-02T01:33:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Daniel Lloyd''' ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma manajan basira na Najeriya.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/timaya-still-friend-daniel-lloyd/|title=Timaya still my friend –Daniel Lloyd|website=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-30}}</ref> cikin 2016 an zabi Lloyd a matsayin Mai Alkawarin Actor na Shekara (Turanci) a City People Entertainment Awards . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/city-people-entertainment-awards-2016-suru-lere-tinsel-adeniyi-johnson-mide-martins/jjjl8t5|title="Suru L'ere," "Tinsel," Adeniyi Johnson, Mide Martins among nominees|date=2016-07-11|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-30|archive-date=2020-02-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220104540/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/city-people-entertainment-awards-2016-suru-lere-tinsel-adeniyi-johnson-mide-martins/jjjl8t5|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://dailytimes.ng/2016/08/31/acting-changed-perception-life-daniel-lloyd/|title=Acting has changed my perception about life-Daniel Lloyd|date=2016-08-31|website=[[Daily Times (Nigeria)|Daily Times]]|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-12-30}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Lloyd ya fito ne daga kabilar [[Mutanen Ijaw|Ijaw]] a [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]] . An haifi Lloyd a [[Lagos (jiha)|Jihar Legas]]. Lloyd ta kammala karatu daga [[Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Enugu]] tare da B.Sc. digiri cikin injiniyan farar hula.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/09/society-doesnt-allow-nigerian-women-romantic-daniel-lloyd/|title=Society doesn't allow Nigerian women to be romantic – Daniel Lloyd|date=2017-09-23|website=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-30}}</ref> == Aki == Lloyd ya fara aikinsa ta hanyar fitowa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin masu suna Pradah . Ya taka rawar wani hali mai suna Patrick . Lloyd yana daya daga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya na farko da suka fito a sashin [[Bollywood]] a cikin fim mai taken J.U.D.E inda ya taka rawar wani hali mai suna ''J.U.D.E.'' . Lloyd ban da kasancewa ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ya kasance manajan ƙwarewa kuma ya jagoranci ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya Timaya wanda ya sadu da shi a taron neman ƙwarewa "daidai da tauraro" a Port Harcourt a 2006 yayin da Timaya ke cikin rukunin kiɗa na wasan kwaikwayon, Lloyd yana cikin rukunin wasan kwaikwayon. == Kyauta da gabatarwa == * zabi shi don ''Mafi kyawun Actor na Shekara (Turanci) '' a City People Entertainment Awards a cikin 2016 . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Mahaifin Lloyd injiniya wanda ya yi aiki a Kamfanin mai na Shell a Najeriya kuma ya ƙarfafa Llyod ya zama injiniya kuma ya yi fushi da Llyod saboda barin aikin injiniya don yin wasan kwaikwayo bayan ya sami digiri a aikin injiniya. A cikin 2019, Daniel Loyd ya auri 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Nollywood Empress Njamah . == Hotunan fina-finai == * ''Ƙaunar da ba ta da Lokaci'' * ''[[Gidi Blues]]'' * ''Adadin da bai dace ba'' * ''Triangle na soyayya'' * ''Ƙananan Asirinmu Masu Ruwa'' * ''Tarihi (2018) '' * Yankin Abokin (2017) a matsayin Dennis * ''Labarin Soyayya (2017) '' * ''Ɗauki Ɗauki Maɗaukaki (2017) '' * ''Kayan Kayan Kyakkyawan (2017) '' * Flirting tare da Fifty (2017) * ''Gaisuwa (2016) '' * ''[[Gidi Blues]] (2016) '' * Desperate Baby Mama (2015) a matsayin Greg * ''Har abada a cikinmu (2015) '' * ''Pradah a matsayin Patrick'' * ''Jarabawar taɓawa (2006) '' * ''[[akpe: Return of the Beast|Akpe: Komawar Dabbar]]'' (2019) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 21zql0b4f3aamemguadntuk8uv5c5co 0 71887 549981 386288 2024-12-02T04:40:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549981 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Fade Ogunro''' mutum ne na kan iska, mai gabatar da rediyo da talabijin, mai shirya fina-finai, kuma mai Fadeya. Ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugaba na Bookings Africa, mai ba da sabis na hazaka ta kan layi a Afirka. 'Yar asalin jihar Ekiti ce da ke kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Tana jin [[Turanci]], [[Faransanci]] da [[Yaren Sifen|Sipaniya]] .<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://iamschick.com/celebrity/schickwoman-fade-ogunro-is-the-mediapreneur-taking-over-africa/|title=#SCHICKWOMAN: FADE OGUNRO IS THE MEDIAPRENEUR TAKING OVER AFRICA|date=December 26, 2017}}{{Dead link|date=February 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://africamusiclaw.com/amls-nigerian-women-in-entertainment-video-fade-ogunro-shares-insight-on-her-video-production-company/|title=AML's Nigerian Women in Entertainment: (Video) Fade Ogunro Shares Insight on her Video Production Company, Film Factory|date=December 9, 2013}}</ref> == Ilimi da aiki == Fade Ogunro ta bar [[Najeriya]] zuwa [[Birtaniya|kasar Ingila]] tare da iyayenta tun tana da shekaru 7 a duniya. Ta karanci aikin jarida da rubutun kirkire-kirkire a Jami'ar Roehampton, UK.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://woman.ng/2016/01/i-have-turned-30-its-time-for-me-to-focus-more-on-my-company-fade-ogunro-on-the-real-reason-she-left-radio/|title="I Have Turned 30...It’s Time For Me To Focus More On My Company!" - Fade Ogunro On The Real Reason She Left Radio|date=January 20, 2016|access-date=February 26, 2024|archive-date=November 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119140650/https://woman.ng/2016/01/i-have-turned-30-its-time-for-me-to-focus-more-on-my-company-fade-ogunro-on-the-real-reason-she-left-radio/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bayan karatun jami'a, ta yi aiki da Google a Burtaniya. Ta dawo Najeriya a shekarar 2010 kuma ta fara aiki da Rediyo Continental a wannan shekarar. Ta yi aiki a Labaran PM, Jaridar Guardian, 234 Next da Beat 99.9 FM rediyo. Tana gudanar da shirye-shiryen rediyo a karshen mako a cikin Beat 99.9FM. Ita kuma mai daukar nauyin shirin talabijin mai suna Glam Report. Ta yi murabus daga gidan rediyon Beat 99.9 FM a shekarar 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/fade-ogunro-ex-oap-explains-why-she-left-radio/bdw7y6v|title=Ex OAP explains why she left radio|date=January 12, 2016|website=Pulse Nigeria|access-date=February 26, 2024|archive-date=November 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119134527/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/fade-ogunro-ex-oap-explains-why-she-left-radio/bdw7y6v|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin Afrilu 2019, ta ƙaddamar da wani sabon app mai suna Bookings Africa . Aikace-aikacen yana bawa mahalarta damar bincika mutane masu basira daban-daban, isa ga waɗannan mutane, samun farashin ayyukansu da kwatanta irin waɗannan farashin da sauran masu ba da sabis. App ɗin yana da nau'ikan baiwa sama da 14 kuma ana samunsa a Najeriya, Kenya da Afirka ta Kudu Ita ce mai haɗin gwiwa kuma shugabar samarwa a FilmFactoryNG kamfanin samar da bidiyo. Har ila yau, tana gudanar da nata wasan kwaikwayo mai suna Fashion Friday tare da Fade. Ita ce macen Afirka ta farko da ta zauna a Kwamitin Yakin Duniya na Cherie Blair Foundation For Women, gidauniyar da ke taimakawa wajen gano mata 'yan kasuwa a kasashe masu karamin. Ogunro tsohon dan wasa ne . Tana daukar nauyin Anthony Mmesoma Madu, ’yar shekara 11 ballerina wacce bidiyonta ya yi kama da hoto a cikin 2020. == Rayuwa ta sirri == == Duba kuma == * The Hawan Yesu zuwa sama (2face Idibia album) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cf7iv78428ao1qeusf7wdwl4cgzo9ya 0 71915 549565 526383 2024-12-01T17:54:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Adaora Ukoh,''' Yar [[Wasanni|wasan]] [[Nollywood]] ce ta [[Najeriya]] wacce ta fito a fina-finai da suka hada da ''Thy Kingdom Come'', ''Black Bra'' da ''Lekki Wives'' . Ita ce mai masaukin baki [[Naval Group|na]] Daular Divas kuma Shugabar Adaora couture ga mata masu girman gaske. <ref>{{Cite web |title=DIVAS DYNASTY HOSTED BY BIG BOLD AND BEAUTIFUL ACTRESS(ADAORA UKOH) DEBUTS ON AIR |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/35714/divas-dynasty-hosted-by-big-bold-and-beautiful-actressadaor.html |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=Nigerian Voice}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 April 2019 |title=. Adaora Ukoh Abumere Biography {{!}} Profile {{!}} Fabwoman |url=https://fabwoman.ng/adaora-ukoh-biography-profile-fabwoman/ |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=FabWoman {{!}} News, Style, Living Content For The Nigerian Woman |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kuma yi magana a lokacin da 'yan matan Chibok suka bace.<ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |title=#BringBackOurGirls – Adaora Ukoh & Keira Hewatch Let their Shirts Do the Talking |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2014/05/bringbackourgirls-adaora-ukoh-keira-hewatch-let-their-shirts-do-the-talking/ |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=www.bellanaija.com |date=6 May 2014 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |website=T. S. B. News |date=6 May 2014 |title=Adaora Ukoh & Keira Hewatch Let their Shirts Speak #BringBackOurGirls |url=https://tsbnews.com/2014/05/adaora-ukoh-keira-hewatch-let-their-shirts-speak-bringbackourgirls/ |access-date=6 August 2022 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Ada&nbsp;a ranar 27 ga Afrilu 1976 a [[Anambra|jihar Anambra]] .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tayo |first=Ayomide O. |date=27 April 2015 |title=Lolo, Adaora Ukoh, Lisa Omorodion a year older today |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/celebrity-birthday-lolo-adaora-ukoh-lisa-omorodion-a-year-older-today/58qv10r |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=izuzu |first=chibumga |date=27 April 2016 |title=7 things you should know about "Lekki Wives" actress |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/adaora-ukoh-7-things-you-should-know-about-lekki-wives-actress/xp1zv9y |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en |archive-date=6 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220806042450/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/adaora-ukoh-7-things-you-should-know-about-lekki-wives-actress/xp1zv9y |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta halarci kwalejin St. John kuma ta yi karatun lauya a [[Jami'ar Lagos|jami'ar Legas]] . Ta shiga masana'antar Nollywood tana da shekaru 19 a shekarar 1995, inda ta fito a cikin fim ''[[Deadly Affair (film)|din Deadly Affair]]'' . Daga baya, ta taka rawa daban-daban a cikin fina-finai. A cikin ''matan Lekki'', ta fito a matsayin Miranda. Matsayinta yana da iyaka saboda girman girmanta amma tana tunanin siffarta kyauta ce da albarka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=nigeriafilms.com |date=30 November 2009 |title='I want people to see me and get turned on.'----Adaora Ukoh |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/5989/i-want-people-to-see-me-and-get-turned-on-adaora-ukoh.html |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Daily Post |date=13 November 2011 |title=Adaorah Ukoh talks about discrimination against plus size people |url=https://dailypost.ng/2011/11/13/adaorah-ukoh-talks-about-discrimination-against-plus-size-people/ |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=demola |date=26 April 2020 |title=The secret of my success as a plus size actress – Adaora Ukoh - |url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2020/04/26/the-secret-of-my-success-as-a-plus-size-actress-adaora-ukoh/ |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=The NEWS |language=en-US}}</ref> Adaora dole ne ta yi gashi a cikin fim ɗin ''Mulkin Ka zo'' lokacin da ta yi takaba. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Jarumar ta auri Basil Eriofolor kuma tana da ɗa wanda ya fito bayan wasu sa'o'i a cikin dakin aiki. == Filmography == * ''Onyeegwu (2023) as Alex sister'' * ''The Apartment (2022) as Meg'' * ''The 3 Sides (2022) as Gloria'' * ''The Ex Wife (2021) as Nene'' * ''Broken Vine (2021) as Mofe'' * ''Half Measure (2020) as Aunty Aanu'' * ''The Bosslady (2019) as Omotola'' * ''Taunting Faith (2019) as Patricia'' * ''Fit Fam (2018) as Cordelia'' * ''Price of Deceit (2017) as Uju'' * ''Cajole (2016)'' * ''Palace War (2014) as Martina'' * ''[[Lekki Wives]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2013 |title=Lekki wives: The dust in the diamond |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/08/lekki-wives-the-dust-in-the-diamond/ |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> (2013 - 2015) as Miranda'' * ''A Better Tomorrow (2011) as Florence'' * ''Behind a Smile (2009) as Maria'' * ''Four Sisters (2008) as Angela'' * ''Keziah (2007) as Monica'' * ''Johnbull & Rosekate (2007) as Sarah'' * ''The High Class (2006) as Blessing'' * ''Only Love (2005) Uloma'' * ''Standing Alone (2004) ass Tessy'' * ''Final Whistle (2000) as Tina'' * ''Evil Genius (1998)'' * ''Curse from Beyond (1999)'' * ''Black Bra (2005)'' * ''[[Karishika]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=izuzu |first=chibumga |date=27 October 2016 |title=20 years ago, Nollywood released the classic "Karishika" |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/throwbackthursday-20-years-ago-nollywood-released-the-classic-karishika/wn2vgzr |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> (1998) as Ratoka'' * ''Rituals (1997)'' * ''[[Karishika|Karishika II]] (1999)'' * ''Deadly Affair (1995)'' * ''[[Blood Money (1997 film)|Blood Money]] (1997)'' == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qqk9n6j7vhvblmglq1d0dbtfs2g42de 0 71934 549956 530310 2024-12-02T02:38:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|suna=Don Jazzy|image=Donjazzy.jpg|caption=Don jazzy|birth_name=Michael Collins Ajereh|birth_date={{!}}1982{{!}}11{{!}}26|birth_place=Umuahia}} '''Michael Collins Ajereh''' (an haife shi 26 Nuwamba 1982), wanda aka fi sani da '''Don Jazzy''',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=D'Banj And Don Jazzy Who Is Richer/Older?|url=https://constative.com/celebrity/dbanj-and-don-jazzy-who-is-richerolder/|access-date=2022-07-24|website=constative.com}}</ref> ɗan Najeriya ne mai yin rikodin rikodin. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Mavin Records . Don Jazzy ya kasance mai haɗin gwiwar lakabin rikodin rikodin [[Mo' Hits Records]] tare da [[D'banj]].<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Don Jazzy Michael Collins Ajereh a [[Umuahia]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]], a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba 1982, dan Collins Enebeli Ajereh da Mrs Ajereh. Mahaifinsa dan garin Isoko ne a [[Delta (jiha)|jihar Delta]] . Mahaifiyarsa yar kabilar [[Inyamurai|Igbo]] ce daga [[Abiya|jihar Abia]] kuma mahaifinsa dan [[Mutanen Isoko|kabilar Isoko]] ne.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amaechi|first=Stella|date=30 November 2020|title=Don Jazzy's biography: How did he become famous?|url=https://www.legit.ng/1084401-don-jazzys-biography-famous.html|website=Legit.ng – Nigeria news.}}</ref> Iyalin Ajereh sun ƙaura zuwa [[Ajegunle]], [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], inda Don Jazzy ya girma. Ya yi karatu a makarantar sakandare ta hadin gwiwa, [[Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya Ta Legas|Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya ta Legas]] . Don Jazzy ya sami sha'awar kiɗa a farkon rayuwarsa kuma yana ɗan shekara 12, ya fara kunna guitar bass da piano. Ya kuma sami ilimin gargajiya da kayan kida. Don Jazzy ya shiga harkokin kasuwanci kuma ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Ambrose Alli|Jami’ar Ambrose Alli]] da ke [[Ekpoma]], [[Edo|Jihar Edo]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-26|title=Don Jazzy, father share birth date as music producer clocks 39|url=https://punchng.com/don-jazzy-father-share-birth-date-as-music-producer-clocks-39/|access-date=2022-07-24|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> A shekara ta 2000, kawun Jazzy ya gayyace shi ya buga ganguna don cocin gida a [[Landan]] kuma wannan ita ce ziyararsa ta farko a Landan. Don Jazzy ya sami aiki a McDonald's a matsayin mai gadi. Ya ci gaba da sha'awar kiɗa, tare da Solek, [[JJC Skillz]], Kas, Jesse Jagz, Squad 419 da [[D'banj|D'Banj]] . == Sana'a == [[File:Don_Jazzy_at_MTV_Africa_Music_Awards_2014-Durban-20140607.jpg|thumb| Don Jazzy a cikin 2014]] === Mo' Hits records da KYAU kiɗa === A cikin 2004, Don Jazzy ya haɗu tare da [[D'banj|D'Banj]] don samar da [[Mo' Hits Records]] . A cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa, Don Jazzy ya samar da kundin kundin ''No Long Thing'' da ''Rundown/Funk You Up'' . Kusan wannan lokacin, Don Jazzy ya haɓaka gabatarwar da aka sani, "Don Jazzy Again!". A cikin 2008, Don Jazzy ya sami lada a cikin samar da The Entertainer na D'Banj. Ya kuma bayar da gudunmuwa wajen samar da wande Coal 's Mushin 2 MoHits albam da aka bayyana a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun albam da aka taba fitowa a Najeriya. A cikin 2011, [[Kanye West]] ya ɗauki Don Jazzy aiki a matsayin furodusa a Very Good Beatz. Don Jazzy ya yi aiki tare da [[Jay z|Jay-Z]] da [[Kanye West]] akan samar da ''Lift Off'', yana nuna [[Beyoncé|Beyonce]] akan kundi na ''Watch The Throne'' wanda aka saki akan 8 Agusta 2011. A cikin Maris 2012, Don Jazzy da D'Banj sun tabbatar da rabuwar su saboda bambancin fasaha. <ref>[http://thenetng.com/2012/03/17/breaking-news-its-over-don-jazzy-confirms-mohits-break-up/ Breaking news, it's over, Don Jazzy confirms Mohits Break Up] TheNETng 7 November 2013. Accessed 22 April 2015</ref> === Mavin Records === A ranar 7 ga Mayu 2012, Don Jazzy ya sanar da sabon lakabin rikodin, Mavin Records . Ya ce, "Ina ganin Mavin Records ita ce gidan waka a Afirka cikin kankanin lokaci." <ref>Naija B.[http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/05/07/bn-exclusive-from-mohits-to-mavin-the-new-music-powerhouse-label-don-jazzy-tiwa-savage-dr-sid-wande-coal-dprince/ From Mo'Hits to Mavin Records! The New Music PowerHouse Label] Bellanaija company 7 June 2012. Accessed 22 April 2015.</ref> A ranar 8 ga Mayu 2012, ya fitar da wani kundi mai nuna ƴan wasan kwaikwayo da suka rattaba hannu akan alamar sa. Wakokin da ke cikin albam din sun hada da: "Amarachi", "Har abada", "Oma Ga", "Dauki Ayaba da Chocolate", "YOLO" da wakar "Ni MAVIN". Mavin records ya sanya hannu kan mawaƙin, [[Tiwa Savage]] . Don Jazzy ya gina dandalin dandalin sada zumunta mai suna "Marvin League" domin hadawa da tallata tambarinsa.<ref>[http://www.viewngr.com/don-jazzy-changes-random-boys-life-pics/ don Jazzy changes random boys life] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522073414/http://www.viewngr.com/don-jazzy-changes-random-boys-life-pics/|date=22 May 2015}} View Nigeria newspaper.27 March 2015. Accessed 22 April 2015.</ref> A ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2013, Ajereh ya sami sabani da wani mai fasaha, Wande Coal wanda ya bar alamar kwana biyu bayan haka. <ref>[http://gistyinka.net/marvin-records-released-official-statement-over-wande-coal-split/ Marvin Records released official statement over Wandel Coal] Gist Yinka 7 November 2013. Accessed 22 April 2015.</ref> In September 2014, Ajereh produced a Nigerian social activist song with Reekado Banks and Di'Ja called "Arise". A Headies Awards 2015, Ajereh yayi jayayya da Olamide . Su biyun sun yi rashin jituwa kan wanda ya kamata ya ci kyautar "Next Rated". Lil Kesh na tarihin YBNL ya rasa hannun Reekado Banks, mai zanen Ajereh. Wanda ya lashe kyautar ya samu mota. Bayan haka an buga uzuri daga bangarorin biyu. <ref>[http://dailypost.ng/2016/01/02/olamide-apologises-over-fight-with-don-jazzy-swearing-on-live-tv/ Olamide apologises over fight with Don Jazzy, swearing on live TV] DailyPost Nigeria 2 January 2016. Accessed 25 January 2016.</ref> <ref>[http://www.naijagroove.com/2016/01/don-jazzy-olamide-settle-rift-apologise-over-headies-wahala/ Don Jazzy, Olamide settle rift, apologise over Headies 'wahala'] Vanguard News January 2016. Accessed 25 January 2016.</ref> Bayan da Reekado Banks ya tashi daga lakabin Mavin Records, Don Jazzy ya ce har yanzu yana cikin iyali kuma ba ya yi masa fatan komai illa nasara a rayuwarsa yayin da ya gode masa kan tsawon lokacin da ya yi tare da Mavin Records.<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 December 2018|title=Reekado Banks still part of Mavin Records – Don Jazzy|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/12/reekado-banks-still-part-of-mavin-records-don-jazzy/|access-date=26 February 2021|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2019, ya sanya hannu kan Rema kuma daga baya ya ci gaba a cikin 2020 don sanya hannu kan [[Ayra Starr]] cikin Label na Mavins. A cikin 2021, ya sanar da sabon mai fasaha, Magixx . [[Fayil:Faces at AMVCA 2020 30.jpg|thumb|Don Jazzy]] A ranar 7 ga Afrilu 2021, ya bayyana dalilin da yasa bai taɓa sanya hannu kan [[Davido]] ba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.matterarising.com/why-i-did-not-sign-davido-don-jazzy-finally-reveals/|title='Why I Did Not Sign Davido'- Don Jazzy Finally Reveals|date=5 April 2021|website=Matterarising.com|access-date=21 October 2021|archive-date=22 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022133910/https://www.matterarising.com/why-i-did-not-sign-davido-don-jazzy-finally-reveals/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Fitowar fim == A cikin 2012, Don Jazzy ya fito a cikin fim ɗin Moses Inwang ''The Last 3 Digits'' in [[Nollywood]] . Inwang ya kuma jefa Ali Baba, [[Ayo Makun|AY]], [[Nonso Diobi]] da kuma Dr SID . a cikin Afrilu 2023, Don Jazzy ya shiga cikin ƴan wasan kwaikwayo na 'Gabatar da Kujus' don wasan sa. <ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6okPcE1xySo ''The Last 3 Digits''] YouTube promotion. Accessed 27 October 2014</ref> <ref>[https://9aijabooksandmovies.wordpress.com/2012/11/12/dr-sid-don-jazzy-ali-baba-a-y-unveiled-in-the-last-three-digits/ The last 3 digits] 9 Aija books and movies blog. 12 November 2012. Accessed 12 November 2012</ref> <ref>Audu J. [http://judithaudu.blogspot.com/2014/10/new-trailer-alert-moses-inwangs-last-3.html New trailer alert: Moses Inwang's ''The last 3 Digits''] Judith Audu Blog 2014. Accessed 29 October 2014.</ref> <ref>Izuzu C. [http://pulse.ng/movies/the-last-3-digits-moses-inwangs-movie-wins-best-international-film-award-id3828675.html ''The Last 3 Digits'' Moses Inwang's movie wins Best International film award] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610074347/http://pulse.ng/movies/the-last-3-digits-moses-inwangs-movie-wins-best-international-film-award-id3828675.html |date=2016-06-10 }} Pulse Nigeria Accessed 4 June 2015.</ref> == Wande Coal da Don Jazzy: Majagaba na Tsarin Waƙar Najeriya == Wande Coal fitaccen mawakin Najeriya kuma marubucin waka wanda ya shahara da salon waka na musamman. A wata hira da aka yi da Cool FM Legas kwanan nan, <ref>[https://dailypost.ng/2023/06/08/i-and-don-jazzy-created-the-syllabus-of-music-wande-coal/ "I and Don Jazzy created the syllabus of music - Wande Coal"]. ''Daily Post''. Retrieved June 8, 2023.</ref> <ref>[https://www.coolfm.ng/port-harcourt/news/exclusive-interviews/it-took-me-six-months-to-record-my-verse-on-kpe-paso-wande-coal/ "It took me six months to record my verse on 'Kpe Paso' - Wande Coal"]. ''Cool FM''. Retrieved [8 June 2023].</ref> Wande Coal ya yi iƙirarin cewa shi da tsohon furodusa kuma mai kula da rikodi, Don Jazzy, sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara masana'antar kiɗa ta hanyar ƙirƙirar "tsarin kiɗa." Ya bayyana cewa masu fasaha da yawa sun sami kwarin gwiwa daga aikinsu kuma sun gina shi don ƙirƙirar sautin nasu. A lokacin haɗin gwiwarsa tare da Don Jazzy a Mo'hits Record da Mavin, Wande Coal ya kawo ƙarfinsa mai ƙarfi a ɗakin studio kuma tare suka samar da kiɗa na musamman. A cewar Wande Coal, haɗin gwiwarsu ba abu ne da za a iya musantawa ba, kuma sun ƙirƙira manhajar kiɗan da ta zama ginshiƙi ga masu fafutuka don ganowa da haɓaka salon nasu. Ya kuma nuna jin dadinsa ga yadda matasa ke iya shigar da koyarwarsu a cikin wakokinsu, inda ya bayyana cewa babu wata matsala muddin za su ci gaba da haifar da sauti masu ban mamaki. [[Fayil:Folorunsho Coker 9.jpg|thumb|Don Jazzy a cikin mutane ]] Ana iya lura da tasirin haɗin gwiwar Wande Coal da Don Jazzy a cikin filin waƙa, saboda yawancin masu fasaha sun ɗauki alamu daga sabon tsarinsu kuma sun shigar da shi cikin abubuwan da suka kirkira. Haɗin gwiwar da suke yi ya bar tarihi mara ƙarewa a masana'antar kiɗan [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]], wanda ya zaburar da sabbin tsararrun masu fasaha don tura iyakoki da gano sabbin dabaru. == Kyauta == * Kyaututtukan Kiɗa na Najeriya (2006) - Mafi kyawun Furodusan Shekara. * [[Nigeria Entertainment Awards|Kyaututtukan Nishaɗi na Najeriya]] (2007) - Mawallafin Kiɗa na Shekara. * The Headies 2011 - Wanda ya yi fice na shekara don ''sama da wata'', ''Mr Endowed'' da ''Pop wani abu'' * Headies 2014 - Mai gabatarwa na Shekara don ''Dorobucci'' * City People Entertainment Award (2015) - lambar yabo ta musamman. <ref>Adunni A. [https://www.naij.com/521854-mercy-aigbe-don-jazzy-olamide-and-others-wins-big-at-city-people-awards-2015.html List of Winners] Naij.com 14 September 2015. Accessed 14 September 2015</ref> * Kyautar Beatz TM (2019) - Sabon Mai Haɓakawa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/don-jazzy-honoured-with-award/|title=Don Jazzy honoured with award|website=Sunnewsonline.com|date=8 December 2019|access-date=21 October 2021}}</ref> == Production discography == === Albums === * D'banj - ''Babu Dogon Abu'' (2005) * D'banj - ''RunDown Funk U Up'' (2006) * D'banj - ''The Entertainment'' (2008) * [[Mo' Hits Records|Mo' Hits All Stars]] - ''Vitae Curriculum Vitae'' (2007) # Anaconda 3:34 # Kiran ganima 5:13 # Kusa da Kai 3:43 # Yarinya 5:08 # Jini Mi 5:40 # Karfe 4:02 # Babu Dogon Abu 3:15 # Ololufe (Club Mix) 4:21 # Dakatar da Tashin hankali 6:37 # Me Ya Sa Ni (Remix) 5:16 # Yashi 2:50 # Na San Ku Yana So 3:10 # Karfe 4:05 # Se Na Like This 4:12 # Kiss Ur Hands 3:54 # A rude 4:20 # Karanta 3:22 # Yanzu Komai Ya Wuce 4:24 # Tumatir 2 Bumper 3:51 # Wanene Haihuwar Maga (featuring Kay Switch) 4:37 # Wannan shine Watsawa 4:42 # Ayaba 3:59 # 4:24 # Jehobah 4:02 # Ololufe 4:56 # Goma Goma 3:50 # Niƙa na 4:48 # Da dadewa ka ganni # tafiye-tafiye na sirri # Karfe 3:50 na safe # Karfe 4:12 # Juya 3:51 * Dr SID Turning Point (2010) # Lokacin Da Wannan Waka Tazo # Over the Moon <small>(feat. K-Switch)</small> # Wani abu Game da ku # Winchi Winchi <small>(feat. Wande Coal )</small> # Buga wani abu <small>(feat. [[D'banj|D'Banj]] )</small> # a Mi Jo <small>(feat. Ikechukwu, MI & eLDee )</small> # Baby # E Je Ka Jo <small>(feat. [[D'banj|D'Banj]] )</small> # Matashin kai # Wani abu Game da ku <small>(Silva Stone Remix)</small> # Winchi Winchi <small>(feat. Wande Coal, Sway DaSafo & Dotstar)</small> * MAVINS - ''Solar Plexus'' "MAVIN Records" (2012) # Gabatarwa ta MAVINS <small>(Michael Ajereh, Sidney Esiri)</small> # I'm A MAVIN by MAVINS <small>(Michael Ajereh, Tiwatope Savage, Sidney Esiri, Wande Ojosipe, Charles Enebeli)</small> # Oma Ga by Tiwa Savage <small>(Michael Ajereh, Tiwatope Savage, Sidney Esiri, Wande Ojosipe)</small> # YOLO na Dr SID <small>(Michael Ajereh, Sidney Esiri)</small> # See Me Ri ta Wande Coal <small>(Michael Ajereh, Sidney Esiri, Wande Ojisipe, Towa Ojosipe)</small> # D'PRINCE Ɗauki Banana <small>(Michael Ajereh, Charles Enebeli)</small> # CPR na Dr SID <small>(Michael Ajereh, Sidney Esiri)</small> # Forever by Wande Coal <small>(Michael Ajereh, Sidney Esiri, Wande Ojosipe, Towa Ojosipe)</small> # Me Yasa Kuke Can Daga D'PRINCE <small>(Michael Ajereh, Charles Enebeli)</small> # Chocolate na Dr SID <small>(Michael Ajereh, Sidney Esiri, Charles Enebeli)</small> # Pretty Girls by Wande Coal <small>(Michael Ajereh, Wande Ojosipe)</small> # Amarachi na D'PRINCE <small>(Michael Ajereh, Charles Enebeli)</small> # Outro na MAVINS <small>(Michael Ajereh, Sidney Esiri)</small> === Marasa aure tare da masu fasahar Mo' Hits === * D'Prince # Omoba # Ina son Abin da Na gani <small>(feat. Wande Coal )</small> # Ooze <small>(feat. [[D'banj|D'Banj]] )</small> # Ka ba ni <small>(feat. [[D'banj|D'Banj]] )</small> * D'banj # Tongolo (2005) # Sokoto (2005) # Mobolowowon (2005) # Me yasa Ni (2006) # Run Down (2006) # Kimon (2008) # Olorun Maje (2008) # Gbono Feli (2008) # Nishaɗi (2008) # Kwatsam (2008) # Fall in Love (2008) # Igwe (2008) # Mr Endowed (2010) # Ina yin Wannan # Scape Goat (2010) # ashanti (2010) # Mr Endowed (Remix) <small>(feat. [[Snoop Dogg]] )</small> (2010) # Oliver Twist (2011) * Wande Kwal # Bumper 2 # Ka Mugu # Sumbatar Hannunka # Wanda Ya Haifi Maga # Been Long You Saw Me <small>(feat. Don Jazzy)</small> (2011) # Kasashe (2011) * Dr SID # Wani abu Game da ku (2009) # Winchi Winchi (2009) # Pop Wani abu <small>(feat. [[D'banj|D'Banj]] )</small> # Over the Moon (2010) # Chocolate # YOLO # CPR # Afefe # Chocolate West African Remix (feat. Ice Prince Sarkodie Elom Adablah Lynxxx ) # Chocolate East African Remix (feat. Musik Maestro) # Lady Don Dada # So Nawa # Mai hazaka # Baby Tornado # Baby Tornado Remix (feat. Alexandra burke ) # Surulere (feat. Don Jazzy) * Mo'Hits Allstars # Ten Ten === Marasa aure tare da sauran masu fasaha === * Darey - Escalade part 2 * Darey - Buga Ni * Shank - Ban taɓa jin ba * Naeto C – Asewo * Ikechukwu - Like You <small>(feat. Wande Coal )</small> * Ikechukwu - Wind am well <small>(feat. Don Jazzy and [[D'banj|D'Banj]] )</small> * Ikechukwu - Do <small>(feat. [[D'banj|D'Banj]] )</small> * Ikechukwu - All on Me * Ikechukwu – Critical <small>(feat. [[D'banj|D'Banj]] )</small> * Ikechukwu - Yanzu ne lokacin <small>(feat. Don Jazzy)</small> * Sauce Kid - Karkashin G * [[Kanye West]] & [[Jay z|Jay-Z]] - Lift Off <small>(feat. [[Beyoncé]] )</small> * Weird MC - Ijoya * [https://9jaenthub.com.ng/burna-boy-question-ft-don-jazzy/ Burna Boy - Tambaya (2021)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220907171012/https://9jaenthub.com.ng/burna-boy-question-ft-don-jazzy/ |date=2022-09-07 }} * [[Jahborne]] - Wayo == Rayuwa ta sirri == Don Jazzy ya auri Michelle Jackson a shekara ta 2003. Ya yi iƙirarin cewa su biyun sun sami matsala ne sakamakon burinsa na ɗabi'a kuma daga baya suka sake su kusan shekaru biyu bayan sun yi aure. Duk da haka, ba ya shirin sake yin aure da wuri domin yana tsoron ƙaunarsa da sadaukar da kai ga waƙa za su sake cutar da wani.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Don Jazzy Reveals Why he isn't Married|url=https://gyonlineng.com/don-jazzy-open-ups-on-his-past-marriage-divorce/|access-date=3 April 2021|website=GYOnlineNG {{!}} All-Round News|date=3 April 2021|language=en|archive-date=3 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210403151125/https://gyonlineng.com/don-jazzy-open-ups-on-his-past-marriage-divorce/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fans of Don Jazzy thinks D'Banj and Wande Coal Deserves Respect for Keeping His Troubled Marriage Away from Public for 18 Years|url=https://naijabeat.com/dbanj-wandecoal-deserves-respect/|access-date=2 March 2023|website=Naijabeat|date=3 April 2021|archive-date=2 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302213123/https://naijabeat.com/dbanj-wandecoal-deserves-respect/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ajereh yana da ƙane, D'Prince . A cikin Yuli 2022, ya sanar da mutuwar mahaifiyarsa ta shafinsa na Instagram.<ref>{{Cite web|title='I Am Beyond Devastated': Don Jazzy Loses Mother To Cancer|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2022/07/23/i-am-beyond-devastated-don-jazzy-loses-mother-to-cancer/|access-date=2022-07-24|website=Channels Television}}</ref> A wani abin da zai faru a matsayin ci gaba mai ratsa zuciya, fitaccen dan wasan Najeriya Don Jazzy da dan uwansa, D'Prince, shahararren mawakin Najeriya sun [https://koko.ng/she-was-loved-by-everyone-that-ever-met-her-don-jazzy-loses-mother-to-cancer/ rasa mahaifiyarsu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002005356/https://koko.ng/she-was-loved-by-everyone-that-ever-met-her-don-jazzy-loses-mother-to-cancer/ |date=2022-10-02 }} ta kamu da [[Sankara|cutar daji]] . === Membobin Cocin Cherubim da Seraphim === Shugaban Mavin Records, Don Jazzy ya tabbatar da cewa har yanzu shi mamba ne na cocin farin tufafi da ake kira ' Cherubim da Seraphim. '. A karshen mako, mawallafin kiɗan da ake girmamawa ya sami karramawa ta hanyar Maɗaukakin Sacred Order na cocin Cherubim & Seraphim a dukan duniya kuma daga baya, hotunan ƙuruciyarsa sanye da rigar cocin ya shiga intanet. Kafin yanzu, ba mutane da yawa sun san wanda ya lashe lambar yabo da yawa dan cocin ne kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa mutane da yawa suka yi mamaki. Wani mai son Don Jazzy ya yi mamaki ya tambaye shi, ‘Shin kana zuwa Cele (sunan da ake amfani da shi ga majami’un farar tufafi a Najeriya)? sai maigidan Mavin ya amsa, 'sai kuma? Har yanzu ina zuwa cocin har yanzu. Amma samun daidai, kerubim & Seraphim ne [ba Cele ba].' == Magana == [https://www.matterarising.com/why-i-did-not-sign-davido-don-jazzy-finally-reveals/ Dalilin da ya sa ban sanya hannu ba Davido - Don Jazzy a ƙarshe ya bayyana] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610151900/https://www.matterarising.com/why-i-did-not-sign-davido-don-jazzy-finally-reveals/ |date=2023-06-10 }} . [https://www.matterarising.com An Dawo Batun Tashi] 25 Janairu 2023{{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8718v6u9dczv91pyxedctnnmtf1iken 0 72067 549899 466692 2024-12-01T23:32:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549899 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Chinny Onwugbenu''' // ni mai shirya fina-finai ne [[Nollywood|Na Najeriya]] wanda aka fi sani da samar da Road to Yesterday da kuma samar da Lionheart . co-kafa The Entertainment Network (TEN), kamfanin samar da fina-finai a Najeriya.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bamas |first1=Victoria |title=Genevieve Nnaji’s directorial debut "Lion Heart" to premiere in Toronto |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/genevieve-nnaji-s-directorial-debut-lion-heart-to-premiere-in-toronto-267237.html |accessdate=17 September 2018 |agency=Daily Trust |date=23 August 2018 |archive-date=30 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930033532/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/genevieve-nnaji-s-directorial-debut-lion-heart-to-premiere-in-toronto-267237.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Genevieve’s `Lionheart’ to premiere in Toronto Film Festival |url=https://www.punchng.com/genevieves-lionheart-to-premiere-in-toronto-film-festival/amp/ |accessdate=6 October 2018 |agency=Punch |date=23 August 2018}}</ref> == Ilimi == Chinny ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Pennsylvania kuma ta kammala karatu tare da digiri a fannin Tattalin Arziki a shekara ta 2006. A shekara ta 2010, ta sami MBA daga Makarantar Gudanarwa ta UCLA Anderson . == Sana'a == A cikin 2015, Chinny ya hada kai da Road to Yesterday, kuma ya samar da [[Netflix]] ya sami Lionheart a cikin 2018. ila yau, ita ce co-kafa ''Cibiyar Nishaɗi (TEN) '' tare da [[Genevieve Nnaji]], kamfanin samar da fina-finai a Najeriya. <ref>{{cite news |last1=Izuzu |first1=Chidumga |title=Ishaya Bako, Chigurl talk difference between movie and past projects |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/road-to-yesterday-ishaya-bako-chigurl-talk-difference-between-movie-and-past-projects-id4400535.html |accessdate=6 October 2018 |agency=Pulse Nigeria |date=27 November 2015 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Olujuyigbe |first1=Ife |title=REVIEW: Genevieve Nnaji’s "Road To Yesterday" Is Slow, But Don’t Worry, It Pulls Through |url=https://www.tns.ng/review-genevieve-nnaji-road-to-yesterday/amp/ |accessdate=6 October 2018 |agency=TNS |date=27 August 2017 |archive-date=17 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117082316/https://www.tns.ng/review-genevieve-nnaji-road-to-yesterday/amp/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == * Mafi kyawun fim ([[Afirka ta Yamma|Yammacin Afirka]]) a 2016 AMVCA - [[Road to Yesterday (fim)|Hanyar zuwa jiya (fim)]] == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bqi10yaup5wx8sk1l5w30y9ag47mun8 0 72568 549647 476286 2024-12-01T18:54:48Z Maryamarh 29382 549647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ahmed Muhammad Helmy Abdel Rahman Awwad,''' (Arabic; an haife shi a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 1969) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Masar, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, mai shirya fina-finai, mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin kuma diflomasiyya. Ya fara aikinsa a 1993 a gidan talabijin na Masar a cikin shirin da ake kira ''[[Leib Eyal]]'' . A shekara ta 1998, ya yi fim dinsa na farko ''[[Aboud Ala El Hedoud]]'' . == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Helmy a Banha, ƙaramar hukumar Qalyubiyya. Shi ne ɗan tsakiya tsakanin 'yan'uwa 3: Khaled, Ahmed da Sally. Ya yi tafiya zuwa Masarautar [[Saudi Arabia|Saudi Arabia]] yana ɗan shekara shida saboda aikin mahaifinsa a can. Ya zauna a [[Jiddah]] na tsawon shekaru 10 kafin ya koma Masar ya yi karatu a can. Helmy ya sauke karatu daga [Higher institute of Dramatic Arts]] a Masar, daga sashen ado. Ahmed kuma ya kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Masar a 1993. == Ayyuka == [[File:Ahmed_Helmy_conf2018.jpg|right|thumb|200x200px|Ahmed Helmy a cikin Kyautar Gidauniyar Sawiris 2018]] Helmy ta fito a fina-finai 18, jerin daya kuma ta shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Ya lashe kyaututtuka, ciki har da Kyautar Bikin Fim na Duniya na Damascus don Mafi kyawun Actor . Ya gabatar da shirye-shirye, ciki har da ''Leib Eyal'', ''Darbaka'', ''Mn Sairbah El-Bonbon'', ''Sawayet Eyal'' da Helmy Online. A matsayinsa na ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, Helmy ya yi fice wajen wasan barkwancinsa mai saurin tunani da wayo. hujja].  Sherif ya samu a cikin sa jarumin barkwanci da yake nema don yin fim dinsa, Aboud Ala El Hedoud (Aboud at the Frontier).  A cikin wannan fim ɗin, Helmy ya fara fitowa babban allo na farko, tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Alaa Wali El Din.  Bayan haka, da sauri ya yi tsalle zuwa manyan ayyuka a fina-finai kamar Omar 2000, El Nazer (The Headmaster), Elsellem Wel Te'ban (Macizai da Ladders).<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1218629/ Ahmed Helmy]. IMDb</ref> A shekara ta 2007, Helmy ta hau kan kasuwar wasan kwaikwayo ta Masar a yawan masu sauraro da kudaden shiga, galibi saboda nasarar fim dinsa na ''[[Keda Reda]]'' . [[Fayil:Ahmed Helmy 2014.jpg|thumb|Ahmed Helmi]] Helmy ta kasance alƙali a wasan kwaikwayo na Larabawa na kakar wasa ta uku. Ya shiga mawaƙin Lebanon Najwa Karam, ɗan jaridar Lebanon kuma mai tallata talabijin Ali Jaber, da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Saudiyya Nasser Al Qasabi . Ya shiga cikin lokutan: 4, 5 da 6. == Rayuwa ta mutum == A shekara ta 2002, Helmy ta auri 'yar wasan Masar [[Mona Zaki]] . Suna da 'ya'ya 3: Lily (2003), Selim (2014) da Younis (2016). Helmy ita ce ta kafa Shadows Communications kuma marubucin littafin ''28 Harf'' . An gano shi da ciwon daji kuma an yi masa magani a shekarar 2014 ta hanyar cire kumburi daga tsoka a bayansa.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://entertainment.anayou.com/celebrities/news/hotstory/29771 | work=AnaYou| title= Ahmed Helmi ambassador for WFP | date=June 5, 2011}}</ref> Helmy baya ta yi aiki tare da Shirin Abinci na Duniya na [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] (WFP) don taimakawa wajen inganta aikinta na "Abubuwan Ilimi", wanda aka ƙaddamar tare da kamfanin kayan abinci na "Chipsy".<ref>{{cite news| url=http://entertainment.anayou.com/celebrities/news/hotstory/29771 | work=AnaYou| title= Ahmed Helmi ambassador for WFP | date=June 5, 2011}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1969]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 43obey08b6jrsuwuty722a1fd8yivq2 0 72663 549545 502835 2024-12-01T17:09:19Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Mirhan Hussein.png|thumb|mirhan]] [[Fayil:Mirhan Hussein.png|thumb|Mirhan Hussein]] '''Mirhan Hussein Bassyouni Ahmed''' (Arabic) mawaƙiya ce kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Masar. An haife ta ne a [[Kairo|Alkahira]] a ranar 28 ga Oktoba. Ta sami shahara ta hanyar Larabci na wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya ''Star Academy'' a lokacin kakar wasa ta 5, wakiltar Masar a 2008. Kafin Star Academy Mirhan Hussein ya yi karatun tafiye-tafiye da yawon bude ido sannan ya yi aiki a kamfanin talla. son zane waka.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Mirhan+Hussein+with+Tamer+Hosni+in+%22Omar+and+Salma+Part+2%22.-a0192875678|title=Mirhan Hussein with Tamer Hosni in 'Omar and Salma Part 2'. – Free Online Library|website=thefreelibrary.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fanoos.com/society/mirhan_hussein.html|title=Mirhan Hussein|website=fanoos.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mirhanhussein.com/|title=official web site Mirhan Hussein|website=mirhanhussein.com|access-date=2024-02-28|archive-date=2022-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927041625/https://www.mirhanhussein.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kwarewarta tana da cikakkiyar fahimta yayin da ta tabbatar da ikonta na raira waƙa, rawa, yin aiki da gabatar da shirye-shirye. == Ayyuka == Saboda nasarar da ta samu a Star Academy 5, an zabi Mirhan da wasu 'yan takara 6 don zama wani ɓangare na Star Academy Tour. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Twitter|mirhanhussein}} * Mirhan Husseina kanInstagram [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] fvfeh2gkz8xjzjpv5pvp0iak1zhvwj1 0 73456 549822 468731 2024-12-01T21:24:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Bahiga_Hafez.jpg |thumb|Bahiga Hafez]] '''Bahiga Hafez''' (Arabic, 13 Disamba 1908 - 4 Agusta 1983) marubuciya ce ta ƙasar Masar, mawaƙiya, darekta, edita, furodusa kuma ƴar wasan kwaikwayo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/4786/23/Studio-Misr,-etc.aspx|title=Studio Misr, etc - Al-Ahram Weekly|website=weekly.ahram.org.eg|access-date=2016-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315114127/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/4786/23/Studio-Misr,-etc.aspx|archive-date=2016-03-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.highbrowmagazine.com/2790-women-s-films-and-social-change|title=Women's Films and Social Change|website=www.highbrowmagazine.com|access-date=2016-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201073625/http://www.highbrowmagazine.com/2790-women-s-films-and-social-change|archive-date=2017-12-01|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/article/heroines-of-cinema-9-things-we-could-learn-from-taking-a-global-perspective-on-women-directors-20140626|title=Heroines of Cinema: 9 Things We Could Learn From Taking a Global Perspective on Women Directors|last=Knott|first=Matthew Hammett|website=Indiewire|date=26 June 2014 |access-date=2016-03-15}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X6-EAgAAQBAJ&dq=bahiga%2520hafez%2520screenwriter&pg=PT157|title=Companion Encyclopedia of Middle Eastern and North African Film|last=Leaman|first=Oliver|date=2003-12-16|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134662517|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yv1BH5Wz-ekC&dq=Fanar%2520Films&pg=PA29|title=Encyclopedia of Arab Women Filmmakers|last=Hillauer|first=Rebecca|date=2005-01-01|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=9789774249433|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Hottell">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bmm1kGREKkwC|title=Noteworthy Francophone Women Directors: A Sequel|last1=Hottell|first1=Ruth A.|last2=Pallister|first2=Janis L.|date=2011-09-16|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=9781611474442|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> == Rayuwa ta mutum == [[File:Bahiga_Hafez_in_%E2%80%98Zeinab%E2%80%99_1930.jpg|left|thumb| Bahiga a matsayin Zainab acikin shirin fim]] An haifi Bahiga Hafez kuma ta girma a Alexandria, Misira ga dangin aristocratic da ke da alaƙa da mulkin mallaka. <ref name=":2" /> Ta fara karatun kiɗa a birnin [[Kairo|Alkahira]] kuma daga baya ta ci gaba da karantar karatun kiɗa da aka tsara a birnin [[Faris|Paris]], tana karatun piano a makarantar conservatory. <ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3" /> Ta iya magana da Faransanci, Larabci, da sauran wasu harsuna ko yarurruka.<ref name="Hottell" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":5" /> Hafez was a Pacha heiress.<ref name="Hottell" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.medmem.eu/en/notice/ERU00080|title=In front of the Mirror: the filmmaker Bahiga Hafez|last=Medmem.eu|first=Institut National de l'Audiovisuel –|website=medmem.eu|access-date=2016-03-15|archive-date=2016-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315100300/http://www.medmem.eu/en/notice/ERU00080|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bibalex.org/alexcinema/actors/Bahiga_Hafez.html|title=Bahiga Hafez, AlexCinema|website=www.bibalex.org|access-date=2016-03-15}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kGikCgAAQBAJ|title=Women Screenwriters: An International Guide|last1=Nelmes|first1=Jill|last2=Selbo|first2=Jule|date=2015-09-29|publisher=Springer|isbn=9781137312372|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9PfyAAAAMAAJ|title=This Film is Dangerous: A Celebration of Nitrate Film|last=Smither|first=Roger B. N.|date=2002-01-01|publisher=Federation Internationale des Archives du Film (FIAF)|isbn=9782960029604|language=en}}</ref> Ta kasance magajiyar Pacha.<ref name="Hottell" /> == Kyauta == Ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, 2020, [[Google]] ta yi bikin cikar shekaru 112 tare da Google Doodle.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/doodles/bahiga-hafezs-112th-birthday |title=Bahiga Hafez's 112th Birthday |website=Google |date=4 August 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=OV Digital |date=2023-08-04 |title=4 August: Remembering Bahiga Hafez on Birthday |url=https://observervoice.com/4-august-remembering-bahiga-hafez-on-birthday-29251/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Observer Voice |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Fina-finai== {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !English Title !Credit !Notes |- |1930 |''[[Zaynab (film)|Zaynab]]'' | |Actress, composer |Hafez's first acting role |- |1932 |''al-Dahaya'' |The Victims<ref name=":8" /> |Actress, co-director, costume designer, editor, producer |Silent Film - directed by Ibrahim Lama<ref name=":5" /> |- |1934 |''el Ittihâm'' |The Accusation<ref name=":8" /> |Actress, producer |Directed by Mario Volpi<ref name=":8" /> |- |1935 |''al-Dahaya'' |The Victims |Actress, director, producer |Remake of the 1932 film with sound |- |1937 |''Laila bint al-sahara'' |Laila the Desert Girl |Actress, composer, co-screenwriter, director, producer |Alternative titles: ''Laila bint al-Badawiyya'' |- |1944 |''Layla al-Badawiyya'' |Layla the Bedouin |Actress, composer, co-screenwriter, director, producer |Re-release of the original movie |- |1947 |''Zahra'' | |Actress,<ref name=":5" /> producer |<ref name=":3" /> Alternate title: Zohra<ref name=":5" /> |- |1966 |''el Qâhirah talâtîn'' |Cairo 30<ref name=":8" /> |Actress |Directed by Salah Abou Seif |} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist|2}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hafez, Bahiga}} f5ra5xfpeyx7hnyoi5lrdou6f8qsujv 0 73639 550378 403976 2024-12-02T11:16:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Irene Pancras Uwoya''' (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1988), 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Tanzaniya, furodusa kuma 'yar kasuwa an fi saninta da sunan aikinta '''Irene Uwoya''' da kuma rawar fim din Oprah . fara sana'arta a shekara ta 2007 tare da wasu 'yan wasan fim na bongo kamar [[Vincent Kigosi]], Steven Kanumba da sauransu da yawa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/irene-uwoya-bongo-actress-irene-uwoya-speaks-on-her-relationship-with-diamond/6h75w7j|title=Bongo actress Irene Uwoya speaks on her relationship with Diamond|date=September 11, 2018|website=Pulse Kenya|access-date=March 4, 2024|archive-date=November 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211114031458/https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/irene-uwoya-bongo-actress-irene-uwoya-speaks-on-her-relationship-with-diamond/6h75w7j|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/321045-irene-uwoya-breaks-down-on-live-tv-narrating-struggles-as-single-mum.html|title=TZ actress Irene Uwoya breaks down on live TV narrating struggles as single mum|first=Douglas|last=Mwarua|date=October 25, 2019|website=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news.}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Uwoya a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 1988, a Dodoma, Tanzania, Ta fara makarantar firamare a Makarantar Mlimwa sannan daga baya ta koma Makarantar Bunge a Dar-es-salaam, Daga baya ta tafi Greenville, a Kampala Uganda don karatun sakandare. == Rayuwa ta mutum == A shekara ta 2008 Irene ta auri dan wasan kwallon kafa na Rwanda kuma kyaftin din kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Rwanda Hamad Ndikumana wanda daga baya ya mutu. A shekara ta 2011 ma'auratan sun haifi ɗa guda mai suna Krish kuma bayan 'yan shekaru ma'aikatar ta rabu. A shekara ta 2017 ta sake yin aure, a wannan lokacin ga mawaƙin bongo flava Abdulaziz Chande wanda aka fi sani da Dogo Janja . == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 2006 ta yi takara a gasar Miss Tanzania Beauty Pageant kuma ta zama ta biyar; Wema Sepetu ta lashe kambin Miss Tanzania 2006-2007. Irene Uwoya ta fara aikinta a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a fina-finai na Bongo a shekara ta 2007. An nuna ta a cikin fina-finai sama da 20 a ciki da waje na Tanzania. == Hotunan fina-finai == === Fina-finai === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" |Taken ! scope="col" |Matsayi ! scope="col" |Bayani |- | rowspan="4" |2008 |Yolanda |Mai ba da shawara | |- |Rashin sha'awar soyayya | | |- |Oprah |Oprah | |- |Tanzanite | | |- | rowspan="6" |2009 |Shakira |Shakira | |- |Tsakanin dare | | |- |Damu Moja | | |- |Zaman Lafiya |Diana | |- |Mafarki na | | |- |Yarinya kyakkyawa |Scola | |- | rowspan="2" |2010 |Shawarwarin Daidaitawa | | |- |A waje |Alice | |- | rowspan="5" |2011 |Idanun Eagle |Rebecca | |- |Kiapo |Akida | |- |Babban Bachelor |Nuru | |- |Dj Ben | | |- |Chupa Nyeusi | | |- | rowspan="4" |2012 |Mtihani | | |- |Sauti mai ƙarfi |Yarinya | |- |Bar Maid | | |- |Ngumi da Maria |Maria | |- | rowspan="9" |2013 |Doa la Ndoa |Winfrida | |- |Katin Ƙarshe | | |- |Nyota Yangu |Jojo | |- |Zawadi Yangu |Zawadi | |- |Safari | | |- |Tambaya Mark | | |- |Rashin jituwa na Omega |Omega | |- |Nyati | | |- |Magana da Kuɗi | | |- | rowspan="7" |2014 |Komawar Omega |Omega | |- |Snitch | | |- |Rosemary |Rosemary | |- |Figo | | |- |Aliyemchokoza Kaja | | |- |Mikono Salama |Aurelia | |- |Wanene Yata | | |- | rowspan="2" |2016 |Tashi da hankali | | |- |Ciwo 4 Babu wani abu |Magreth | |- |2017 |Bei Kali |Tausi | |- |2022 |Nuru |Nuru |Gajeren fim Har ila yau Babban Mai gabatarwa |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" |Taken ! scope="col" |Matsayi ! scope="col" |Bayani |- |2017-2020 |Sarafu |Janeth |An watsa shi a kan Dstv Channel "Maisha Magic Bongo" |- |2021 |Haikufuma |Natalia |An watsa shi a Azam TV |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa ==   {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Abin da ya faru !Kyautar !Mai karɓa !Sakamakon |- | rowspan="3" |2008 | rowspan="3" |Kyautar Fim ta Tanzania Vinara |Mafi Kyawun Mataimakin Mataimakin | rowspan="3" |Rashin sha'awar soyayya|{{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bongocelebrity.com/waliojishindia-tuzo-za-vinara/ | title=WALIOJISHINDIA TUZO ZA VINARA – Bongo Celebrity | access-date=2024-03-04 | archive-date=2018-07-31 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731025650/http://www.bongocelebrity.com/waliojishindia-tuzo-za-vinara/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mai zuwa|{{Won}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bongocelebrity.com/waliojishindia-tuzo-za-vinara/ | title=WALIOJISHINDIA TUZO ZA VINARA – Bongo Celebrity | access-date=2024-03-04 | archive-date=2018-07-31 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731025650/http://www.bongocelebrity.com/waliojishindia-tuzo-za-vinara/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |Mafi Kyawun Villain|{{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bongocelebrity.com/waliojishindia-tuzo-za-vinara/ | title=WALIOJISHINDIA TUZO ZA VINARA – Bongo Celebrity | access-date=2024-03-04 | archive-date=2018-07-31 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731025650/http://www.bongocelebrity.com/waliojishindia-tuzo-za-vinara/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |2013 |Kyautar Nishaɗi ta Matakai |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo |Bar Maid|{{Won}} |- |2015 |Kyautar Fim ta Tanzania |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin tallafi |Wanene Yata|{{Nom}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://swahiliworldplanet.blogspot.com/2015/04/full-list-of-nominees-tanzania-film.html?m=1|title = SWP: Full List of Nominees Tanzania Film Awards 2015, Dogo Maasai, Mdundiko, We Are Four Lead Nominations|date = 2 April 2015}}</ref> |- |2021 |Kyautar Hukumar Fim ta Tanzania |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo - Zaɓin Masu sauraro |Haikufuma|{{Nom}} |- |} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.bongocinema.com/casts/view/irene-uwoya Shafin yanar gizon fim na hukuma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925162234/https://www.bongocinema.com/casts/view/irene-uwoya |date=2023-09-25 }} * {{IMDb name|15503737}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0iyxxvp7znidy5b4cvx67ptsblrro1b 0 73651 550096 392645 2024-12-02T06:50:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Carlos Gilberto Mendes''' (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga Mayu 1966) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne kuma ɗan siyasa na Mozambican . == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Mendes a [[Maputo]] a shekarar 1966. watan Disamba na shekara ta 1977 ya karya rikodin yin iyo na farko na kasa kuma ya kasance memba na tawagar kasar Mozambican na shekaru da yawa.<ref name="MOZ">{{cite web|url=https://moznews.co.mz/2017/05/03/hoje-e-aniversario-do-gilberto-mendes-ator/|title=Hoje é o aniversário do Gilberto Mendes (actor)|work=Moz News|date=9 May 2017|access-date=4 November 2020|language=Portuguese|archive-date=10 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110003021/https://moznews.co.mz/2017/05/03/hoje-e-aniversario-do-gilberto-mendes-ator/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekara ta 1985, an zaba shi don taka muhimmiyar rawa a fim na farko na Mozambican, mai taken O Vento Sopra do Norte, wanda José Cardoso ya jagoranta kuma Cibiyar Fim ta Kasa ta samar da shi. Fim din ya ba da labarin yakin neman 'yancin Mozambique wanda ya shafi yunkurin 'yan tawaye na Frelimo da sojojin mulkin mallaka na Portugal. <ref name="AC">{{cite news|URL=https://www.dn.pt/gente/interior/foi-para-o-teatro-porque-era-uma-pessoa-rica-1625701.html|title=Foi para o teatro porque era uma pessoa rica|work=[[Diário de Notícias]]|first=Alexandre |last=Chiure|date=24 July 2010|access-date=4 November 2020|language=Portuguese}}</ref> A shekara ta 1988, ya shiga kungiyar Mutumbela Gogo. <ref name="AC" /> shiga cikin wasan Nove Horas bayan wani ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ya yi ciwo kuma ya ɓace, gogewar da ta sa ya damu sosai. Mendes <ref name="MOZ" /> fito a fim din 1991 A Child from the South, wanda Sergio Resende ya jagoranta. A shekara ta 1992, ya bar Mutumbela Gogo kuma ya sami gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Matchedje (kujeru 1000) da Estúdio 222 (kujeru 222), tare da kafa kamfaninsa na wasan kwaikwayo, Gungu . <ref name="MOZ" /> yi watsi da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Matchedje a baya kuma ya zama ɗakin ajiya don kayan sata daga Port Maputo . <ref name="AC" /> A shekara ta 1995, ya sami lambar yabo ta Lusophone Merit daga Gidauniyar Portuguese-Brazilian don Ci gaban Harshe na Portuguese. shekara ta 1996, Mendes ya fara aikinsa na shekaru 10 a matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin shirin talabijin na Fantasia . A shekarar 2010 zuwa 2014, ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Mozambique Swimming Federation . A watan Janairun 2020, an nada Mendes a matsayin Sakataren Harkokin Wasanni.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz/por/Governo/Secretarios-de-Estado|title=Secretários de Estado|publisher=Portal do Governo de Moçambique|date=2020|access-date=4 November 2020|language=Portuguese|archive-date=27 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427200915/https://www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz/por/Governo/Secretarios-de-Estado|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|7831011}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1966]] ecx3bnyneutqzfp4cmpzrlipiyvldxj 0 73699 549965 392631 2024-12-02T03:58:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Emem Inwang''' listeni 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma samfurin Najeriya. kasance '''Emem Udonquak.''' a baya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2014-03-16|title=Nollywood Director Moses Inwang & Actress Emem Undonquak Set To Wed n April|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/nollywood-director-moses-inwang-and-actress-emem-undonquak-set-to-wed-n-april/78sqrdb|access-date=2021-11-04|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en|archive-date=2021-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104094324/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/nollywood-director-moses-inwang-and-actress-emem-undonquak-set-to-wed-n-april/78sqrdb|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ranar 18 ga Oktoba, 2014 ta lashe kyautar Nollywood Movies Awards ta 2014 (3rd edition) don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a matsayin tallafi a fim din ''Itoro'' . An gudanar da taron ne a Otal din Intercontinental, [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] .<ref>{{Cite web|last=Muomah|first=Onyinye|date=2014-10-21|title=Flower Girl wins big at Nollywood Movie Awards {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/169838-flower-girl-wins-big-at-nollywood-movie-awards.html|access-date=2021-11-04|website=Premium Times|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == Emen Inwang 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Najeriya kuma samfurin daga jihar [[Akwa Ibom|Awka Ibom]] . An yi bikin ranar haihuwarta a ranar 8 ga Satumba. ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 2014 Emem ta auri Moses Inwang, darektan fina-finai da kuma furodusa na Najeriya. An haifi ɗansu farko a shekara ta 2015. <ref>{{Cite web|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2015-08-23|title=Nollywood Director Moses Inwang welcomes Son, Eden – First Photos!|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/08/nollywood-director-moses-inwang-welcomes-son-eden/|access-date=2021-11-04|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Simi|first=Jumoke|date=2017-01-31|title=Actress Emem Udonquak-Inwang Marks Hubby's Birthday with Endearing Words|url=https://motherhoodinstyle.net/2017/01/31/89099/|access-date=2021-11-04|website=Motherhood In-Style Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> === Ayyuka === Emem samfurin ne kuma ta zama sananniya lokacin da aka naɗa ta Sarauniyar Carnival na Calabar ta 2011/2012 a ranar Jumma'a 23 ga Disamba, 2011. [[First Bank (Nijeriya)|Bankin farko na Najeriya]] ne ya dauki nauyin gasar.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Aiki|first=Damilare|date=2012-01-19|title=Calabar Crowns a New Tourism Ambassador! Photos & Scoop from the 2011 Carnival Calabar Pageant at Studio Tinapa|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2012/01/calabar-crowns-a-new-tourism-ambassador-photos-scoop-from-the-2011-carnival-calabar-pageant-at-studio-tinapa/|access-date=2021-11-04|website=[[BellaNaija]]|language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar jakada kuma ta kasance a hukumance Jakadan yawon bude ido na Calabar kuma mai magana da yawun Mothers Against Child Abandonment (An shirya matar tsohon Gwamnan [[Cross River|Jihar Cross River]], Obioma Liyel-Imoke).<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2014-05-27|title=ITORO {{!}} African Movie Review {{!}} Talk African Movies|url=https://www.talkafricanmovies.com/itoro/|access-date=2021-11-04|website=www.talkafricanmovies.com|language=en-US}}</ref>Duk da haka, ta shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo kuma ta fito a fina-finai da yawa na Nollywood. == Fina-finan da aka zaɓa == * ''Dokta Ƙauna'' (2020) * ''Itoro'' (2013) * ''Kullewa (2021) ''<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Emem Inwang : Biography {{!}} Filmography {{!}} Awards - Flixanda|url=https://flixanda.com/cast_crew/1113/emem-inwang|access-date=2021-11-04|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004122838/https://flixanda.com/cast_crew/1113/emem-inwang|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''[[Unroyal|Rashin Gaskiya]] (2020) ''<ref name=":3" /> * ''[[Alter Ego (fim na 2017)|Canja Kai]] (2017) '' * ''Crazy People (2018) ''<ref name=":3" /> == Godiya gaisuwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Kyauta da Nominations !Kyaututtuka !Sashe !Sakamakon !Tabbacin. |- |Kyautar Fim din Nollywood ta 2014 |Mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a Matsayin Tallafawa|{{Won}} | |- |Kyautar Fim din Nollywood ta 2014 |Mafi kyawun Taurari mai tasowa (mace) |{{Nom}} | |- |Kyautar Zaɓin Fim na Afirka na 2018 |Mafi Kyawun Mataimakin Mataimakin|{{Nom}} | |} == Haɗin waje == * Emem InwangaIMDb == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] jncssj9ode8o08pehw4qwooouckx0f3 0 73719 549946 540714 2024-12-02T01:20:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dami Elebe''' marubuciya ce ƴar asalin ƙasar Najeriya wacce aka sani da jerin shirye-sshiryen yanar gizo kamar Skinny Girl In Transit, Rumour Has It da Far From Home (jerin 2022).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ehonwa |first1=Joy |title=10 Questions for Dami Elebe, Writer, Skinny Girl in Transit, South African Netflix original "Fatal Seduction" and Rumour Has It &bull; Connect Nigeria |url=https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2016/07/10-questions-dami-elebe/ |accessdate=25 May 2020 |publisher=Connect Nigeria |date=13 July 2016 |archive-date=12 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412163147/https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2016/07/10-questions-dami-elebe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=The Guardian Life |first1=The Guardian Life |title=5 Minutes With Dami Elebe |url=https://guardian.ng/life/spotlight/5-minutes-with-dami-elebe/ |accessdate=25 May 2020 |publisher=The Guardian Newspaper |date=13 June 2016 |archive-date=24 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924112703/https://guardian.ng/life/spotlight/5-minutes-with-dami-elebe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwangwu |first=Adaora |date=2022-03-01 |title=6 Nigerian Female Screenwriters To Keep Up With In 2022 |url=https://culturecustodian.com/6-nigerian-female-screenwriters-to-keep-up-with-in-2022/ |access-date=2022-08-06 |website=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014.) |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Acho |first=Affa |date=2022-11-13 |title=Netflix Announces Launch Date For New Nigerian Series, Far From Home |url=https://leadership.ng/netflix-announces-launch-date-for-new-nigerian-series-far-from-home/ |access-date=2023-02-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kasance, mai zane kuma mawaƙiya. Elebe ta karaci talla da fasaha. == Ayyuka == Elebe na aiki a Classic FM, Beat FM da Naija FM, kuma ta rubuta fim ɗin, Up North wanda [[Tope Oshin]] ya jagoranta ko bayar da Umarni. A ELOY Awards a cikin shekarar 2018, ta sami lambar yabo ta Writer Of The Year-(Gwarzowar marubuciyar Shekara). Fim ɗinta na farko shi ne ''Daga Legas Tare da Ƙauna'', wanda ya kasance a cikin fina-finai a watan Agusta 2018. Tavyi aiki tare da [[Sharon Ooja]], Nonso Bassey, [[Jon Ogah]], Etim Effiong, [[Damilola Adegbite]], da [[Shafy Bello|Shaffy Bello]]. Ranar 7 ga watan Agusta, 2018, ta sanar a shafinta na Instagram cewa za ta bar Beat FM, tana kwatanta lokacinta tare da gidan rediyo a matsayin 'babbar tafiya'.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Izuzu |first1=Chibumga |title=OAP is leaving Beat 99.9FM |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/dami-elebe-oap-is-leaving-beat-999fm/dn3dc1l |accessdate=25 May 2020 |publisher=Pulse.ng |date=8 August 2018 |archive-date=27 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527123733/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/dami-elebe-oap-is-leaving-beat-999fm/dn3dc1l |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Uwakwe |first1=Tim |title=Dami Elebe announces she’s leaving Beat FM |url=https://www.metrolife.ng/dami-elebe-announces-shes-leaving-beat-fm/ |accessdate=25 May 2020 |publisher=Metrolife.ng |date=7 August 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=36ng |first1=Tobiloba |title=Dami Elebe announces she’s leaving Beat FM |url=https://www.36ng.ng/2018/08/08/dami-elebe-announces-shes-leaving-beat-fm/ |accessdate=25 May 2020 |publisher=36ng |date=8 August 2018}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] nt869kpia354350jhi55j7s9ds5c2t0 0 73743 549964 403781 2024-12-02T03:53:18Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''lizabeth Michael''' ''' (Lulu) ''' (an haife ta a ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 1995) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Tanzaniya .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bongocinema.com/casts/view/elizabeth-michael|title=Elizabeth Michael - Actress Mode|website=www.bongocinema.com|access-date=2024-03-04|archive-date=2023-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201234928/https://www.bongocinema.com/casts/view/elizabeth-michael|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/celebrities/elizabeth-lulu-michael-a-dark-tale-about-one-of-africas-hottest-actresses-id4780351.html|title=Elizabeth "Lulu" Michael: A dark tale about one of Africa"s hottest actresses|first=Ayomide O.|last=Tayo|date=9 March 2016|publisher=|access-date=4 March 2024|archive-date=30 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830005804/http://www.pulse.ng/celebrities/elizabeth-lulu-michael-a-dark-tale-about-one-of-africas-hottest-actresses-id4780351.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> A shekara ta 2013, ta lashe kyautar Zanzibar International Film Festival don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau don "Woman Of Principles". kuma lashe lambar yabo ta 2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards for Best Movie Eastern Africa . A watan Agustan 2017, lambar yabo ta matasa ta Afirka ta sanya ta cikin 100 Mafi Manyan Matasan Afirka. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.africayouthawards.org/2017-most-influential-young-africans-list-announced/|title=2017 Most Influential Young Africans List Announced|website=www.africayouthawards.org|accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.africayouthawards.org/dianaelizabethmichael/|title=Diana Elizabeth Michael|website=www.africayouthawards.org|accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.africayouthawards.org/photo-gallery-2017-100-influential-young-africans/|title=Photo Gallery: 2017 100 Most Influential Young Africans|website=www.africayouthawards.org|accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref>A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2017, an same ta da laifin kisan kai ba da gangan ba saboda mutuwar Steven Kanumba a shekarar 2012 kuma an yanke mata hukuncin shekaru biyu a kurkuku. A ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 2018, a bikin Tarayyar Tanzania, ta kasance daga cikin fursunonin da Shugaba John Pombe Magufuli ya gafarta musu inda aka rage hukuncin ta. Daga baya aka sake a ranar 9 ga Mayu, 2018, bayan ta yi watanni shida a kurkuku don yin Ayyukan al'umma na sauran lokacin bayan ta nuna halin kirki yayin da take cikin kurkuku. ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2018 ta kammala gwaji ta. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Michael kuma ya girma a [[Dar es Salaam|Dar Es Salaam]], [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] . Mahaifinta shine Michael Kimemeta, kuma mahaifiyarta Lucrecia Kalugira . Ta halarci Remnant Academy don karatun firamare, da Perfect Vision High School, St Mary's High School don karatun sakandare. Daga nan sai shiga Kwalejin Kula da Ayyukan Jama'a ta Tanzania inda ta sami difloma a cikin [[Albarkatun dan'adam|Gudanar da albarkatun ɗan adam]] .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://msetoea.com/mseto-411/bahatis-crush-lulu-goes-back-school-7936/|title=BAHATI's Crush LULU Goes Back To School|first=Sameer|last=Bry|date=21 June 2016|publisher=|access-date=29 July 2016|archive-date=19 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819233211/http://msetoea.com/mseto-411/bahatis-crush-lulu-goes-back-school-7936/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bongo5.com/lulu-arudi-chuo-anachukua-human-resource-06-2016/|title=Lulu arudi chuo, anachukua|website=www.bongo5.com|date=21 June 2016}}</ref> ==Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1995]] tih724mgwl1tkxecudm23it09jueipm 0 73927 549528 526259 2024-12-01T16:48:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''2016 Best of Nollywood Awards''' wannan ne karo na 8 na gudanar da bikin kuma an yi shi a [[Aba]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] a ranar 10 ga watan Disamba 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/10/bon-awards-2016-goes-abia-state/ |title=BON awards 2016 goes to Abia State |last=Okogba |authorlink=Vanguard (Nigeria) |date=October 1, 2016}}</ref> [[Okey Bakassi]] da [[Mercy Aigbe]] ne za su ɗauki nauyin taron, wanda ba ta bayyana a daren ba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.playground.ng/2016/12/mercy-aigbe-disappoints-bon-award-organizers-not-attending-co-host-event/ |title=Mercy Aigbe Disappoints BON Award Organizers By Not Attending To Co-Host Event |last=admin |date=December 2016 |access-date=2016-12-21 |archive-date=2016-12-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221235707/http://www.playground.ng/2016/12/mercy-aigbe-disappoints-bon-award-organizers-not-attending-co-host-event/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.goldmyne.tv/2016/11/okey-bakassi-and-mercy-aigbe-set-to-host-bon-awards-2016/ |title=Okey Bakassi and Mercy Aigbe set to host BON Awards 2016 |last=Orajekwe |first=Linda |date=10 November 2016 |access-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220135701/http://www.goldmyne.tv/2016/11/okey-bakassi-and-mercy-aigbe-set-to-host-bon-awards-2016/ |archive-date=20 December 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An bayar da kyaututtuka a sassa 32, tare da [[Adesua Etomi]], [[Beverly Naya]], [[Gabriel Afolayan]] da [[Yul Edochie|Alexx Ekubo]] a cikin waɗanda suka yi nasara.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bestofnollywood.tv/2016/12/14/full-list-of-winners-of-bon-awards-winners-plus-jury-chairman-statement/ |title=Full List Of Winners of Bon Awards winners plus Jury chairman statement |last=Seun |authorlink=Best of Nollywood Magazine |date=December 14, 2016 |access-date=December 20, 2016 |archive-date=January 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104002255/http://www.bestofnollywood.tv/2016/12/14/full-list-of-winners-of-bon-awards-winners-plus-jury-chairman-statement |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/nollywood-nigeria/217894-alexx-ekubo-yomi-fabiyi-toyin-aihmakhu-others-bag-bon-awards.html |title=Alexx Ekubo, Yomi Fabiyi, Toyin Aihmakhu, others bag BON Awards |last=Jayne Augoye |authorlink=Premium Times |date=December 14, 2016}}</ref> Shugaban juri, Niran Adedokun ne ya fitar da jerin sunayen waɗanda aka zaɓa a watan Nuwamba 2016. ''[[Hire a man|Hire Man]]'' da Something Wicked ''ne'' suka jagoranci jerin sunayen mutane tara. ''Eni-Owo'' da ''[[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|Labarin Soja]]'' ya biyo baya da bakwai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/bon-awards-2016-omoni-oboli-iretiola-doyle-alexx-ekubo-get-nominations-id5801489.html |title=BON Awards 2016: Omoni Oboli, Iretiola Doyle, Alexx Ekubo get nominations |last=Egbo |first=Vwovwe |authorlink=Pulse Nigeria |date=November 23, 2016 |access-date=March 5, 2024 |archive-date=February 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216191155/http://pulse.ng/movies/bon-awards-2016-omoni-oboli-iretiola-doyle-alexx-ekubo-get-nominations-id5801489.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> An ba [[Sola Sobowale]], Fidelis Duker da [[Chika Okpala]], wanda aka fi sani da "Chief Zebrudaya" daga ''The Village Masquerade'', lambar yabo na nasara na rayuwa na musamman don ci gaban [[Nollywood]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://insidesourcesng.com/2016/12/yomi-fabiyi-toyin-aimakhu-win-big-at-2016-bon-awards/ |title=Yomi Fabiyi, Toyin Aimakhu win big at 2016 BON Awards |date=December 11, 2016 |access-date=December 21, 2016 |archive-date=December 22, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222002300/https://insidesourcesng.com/2016/12/yomi-fabiyi-toyin-aimakhu-win-big-at-2016-bon-awards/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/12/bon-honours-fidelis-duker-sola-sobowale-zebrudaya/|title=BON honours Fidelis Duker, Sola Sobowale and Zebrudaya|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|date=17 December 2016}}</ref> == Kyautattuka == {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actor in a Lead role (English) ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actor in a Lead role (Yoruba) |- | valign="top" | * '''[[Yul Edochie|Alex Ekubo]] (''The First Lady'')''' * [[Wale Ojo]] (''For the wrong reasons'') * Patrick Leonard (''Woeman'') * Stan Eze (''Not Just Married'') * Enyinna Nwigwe (''[[Hire a man|Hire a Man]]'') | valign="top" | * '''[[Yomi Fabiyi]] (''Metomi'')''' * [[Femi Adebayo]] (''Gbewiri Meta'') * [[Adeniyi Johnson]] (''Lifeline'') * [[Muyiwa Ademola]] (''Eni-Owo'') * [[Lateef Adedimeji]] (''Yeye Oge'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actor in a Lead role (Hausa) ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actor in a Lead role (Igbo) |- | valign="top" | * '''[[Ali Nuhu]] (''Gamu nan Dai'')''' * [[Sadiq Dan Sadiq]] (''Mat Da Lados'') | valign="top" | * '''[[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] (''Icheke Oku'')''' * Amadi Magnus (''Akaraaka'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actress in a Lead role (English) ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actress in a Lead role (Yoruba) |- | valign="top" | * '''[[Judith Audu]] (''Not just married'')''' * [[Omotu Bisson|Omotu Bissong]] (''Woeman'') * [[Ebube Nwagbo]] (''Anniversary'') * [[Belinda Effah]] (''Oracle Online'') * [[Omoni Oboli]] (''The First Lady'') * [[Iretiola Doyle|Ireti Doyle]] (''Something Wicked'') | valign="top" | * '''[[Toyin Abraham|Toyin Aimakhu]] (''Metomi'')''' * [[Mercy Aigbe]] (''Victims'') * [[Temitope Solaja]] (''Lehin Ikoro'') * [[Wumi Toriola]] (''Eni-Owo'') * Yewande Adegbenro (''Yeye Oge'') * [[Jumoke Odetola]] (''Binta Ofege'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actress in a Lead role (Hausa) ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actress in a Lead role (Igbo) |- | valign="top" | * '''[[Jamila Umar]] (''Kasata'')''' * [[Rahama Sadau]] (''Mati Da Lado'') | valign="top" | * '''Nichole Banna (''Icheke Oku'')''' * Adaeze Chiegbu (''Akaraaka'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Supporting Actor (English) ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Supporting Actress (English) |- | valign="top" | * '''[[Gabriel Afolayan]] (''Something Wicked'')''' * [[Rotimi Salami]] (''Just Not Married'') * [[Seun Akindele]] (''Black Val'') * [[Daniel K. Daniel|Daniel K Daniel]] (''A Soldier's Story'') * [[Nkem Owoh]] (''Ghana Must Go'') * [[IK Ogbonna]] (''Hire a man'') | valign="top" | * '''<small>[[Adesua Etomi]], [[Ivie Okujaye]], [[Beverly Naya]]</small> (''Something Wicked'')''' * [[Yvonne Jegede]] (''The First Lady'') * [[Eniola Badmus]] (''Black Val'') * [[Helen Paul]] (''Ghana Must Go'') * Yewande Adegbenro (''Yeye Oge'') * Onyii Alex (''Don’t fight it'') * [[Nancy Isime]] (''Hire a man'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Most Promising Actor ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Most Promising Actress |- | valign="top" | * '''[[Rotimi Salami]] (''Just Not Married'')''' * Steve Enagbare (''Destiny Gate'') * [[Bright Wonder]] (''Fidelity'') * [[Seun Ajayi]] (''Studio'') | valign="top" | * '''[[Ade Laoye]] (''Studio'')''' * [[Zainab Balogun]] (''A Soldier's Story'') * Gina Castle (''Fidelity'') * [[Princess Peters]] (''Destiny Gate'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Child Actor ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Child Actress |- | valign="top" | * '''Daniel Udah (''Opeyemi'')''' * Tunde Babasola (''D’ Wish'') | valign="top" | * '''Angel Unigwe (''Woeman'')''' * Neraya Akaboa (''D’ Wish'') * Pricilia Ojo (''Black Val'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Comedy of the Year ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Movie with Social message |- | valign="top" | * '''''Ghana Must Go''''' * ''Behind the Scenes'' * ''ATM'' * ''Not Just Married'' * ''The First Lady'' | valign="top" | * '''''Woeman''''' * ''For the Wrong Reasons'' * ''Voiceless Scream'' * ''ATM'' * ''Leyin Ilekun'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Movie with the Best Special Effect ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Movie with the Best Screenplay |- | valign="top" | * '''''A Soldier's Story''''' * ''Icheke Oku'' * ''Gbewiri Meta'' * ''Storm'' | valign="top" | * '''''Something Wicked''''' * ''For the Wrong Reasons'' * ''Hire a man'' * ''Icheke Oku'' * ''Just Not Married'' * ''Irawe Igbo'' * ''Eni-Owo'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Short Film ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Documentary |- | valign="top" | * '''''Opeyemi''''' * ''D' wish'' * ''Deeply Cut'' * ''Pepper Soup'' * ''Silence'' * ''Homesick'' | valign="top" | * '''''Amaka’s kin''''' * ''D' Ability'' * ''For you my son'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best TV Series of the Year ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Movie with the Best Editing |- | valign="top" | * '''''Lasgidi Cops (SCU)''''' * ''Studio'' * ''5ive'' * ''Ayanfe mi'' | valign="top" | * '''''Hire A man''''' * ''Ghana Must go'' * ''Not Just Married'' * ''Something Wicked'' * ''Eni-Owo'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Movie with the Best Soundtrack ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Movie with the Best Production Design |- | valign="top" | * '''''Icheke Oku''''' * ''Igbehinloju'' * ''Irawe Igbo'' * ''Ghana must go'' | valign="top" | * '''''[[Hire a man|Hire a Man]]''''' * ''Irawe Igbo'' * ''Yeye Oge'' * ''Icheke Oku'' * ''The First Lady'' * ''Something Wicked'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Movie with the Best Cinematography ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Use of Nigerian Costume in a Movie |- | valign="top" | * '''''A Soldier's Story''''' * ''Eni-owo'' * ''Icheke Oku'' * ''Just Not Married'' * ''Something Wicked'' | valign="top" | * '''''Yeye Oge''''' * ''Irawe Igbo'' * ''Icheke Oku'' * ''Keji'' * ''Ghana must go'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Use of Make up in a Movie ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Movie of the Year |- | valign="top" | * '''''A Soldier's Story''''' * ''Icheke Oku'' * ''Storm'' * ''Black Val'' | valign="top" | * '''''Something Wicked''''' * ''Irawe Igbo'' * ''Icheke Oku'' * ''A Soldier's Story'' * ''Eni-Owo'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Director of the Year ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Kiss in a Movie |- | valign="top" | * '''[[Yemi Morafa]] (''Something Wicked'')''' * Aliu Gafar (''Irawe Igbo'') * Uduak-Obong Patrick (''Not Just Married'') * Emeka Amakeze (''Icheke Oku'') * [[Desmond Elliot]] (''Hire A Man'') * [[Frankie Ogar]] (''A Soldier's Story'') * <small>Adebayo Tijani & [[Muyiwa Ademola]]</small> (''Eni-Owo'') | valign="top" | * <small>'''[[Omowumi Dada]]''' and '''[[Gabriel Afolayan]]''' </small> ('''''Studio'')''' * <small>Enyinna Nwigwe and Zhinnel Zhu</small> (''Hire a Man'') * <small>[[Ik Ogbonna]] and Nancy Isime </small> (''Hire a Man'') * <small>Seun Akindele and [[Mercy Aigbe]] </small> (''Victim'') * <small>[[Chelsea Eze]] and [[Mike Godson]] </small> (''Guy Next Door'') * <small>[[Gideon Okeke]] and Zhinnel Zhu</small> (''Anniversary'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Revelation of the Year (male) ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Revelation of the Year (female) |- | valign="top" | * '''Sean Jimoh''' * [[Mofe Duncan]] * Poju Oparanti * Wasiu Rafiu * Jomiloju Olumbe * Femi Remi | valign="top" | * '''Bukky Adeeyo''' * Inem Peters * Callista Okonkwo * Mercy Macroe * Chineye Uyanna * Victoria Kolawole * Bose Oladimeji * Nkechi Sunday |- |} == Manazarta == [[Category:Bikin bayar da kyaututtukan harkar Fim]] 148w2ua96nd59gdjlb6rky72sffhqyi 0 73959 549972 530318 2024-12-02T04:14:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549972 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|honorific_prefix=[[Nigerian Chieftaincy|Chief]]|name=Enyinna Nwigwe|image=|caption=|birth_date=September 18, 1982|birth_place=[[Ngor Okpala]], Nigeria|nationality=Nigerian|citizenship=Nigerian|education=Economics,University of Calabar|alma_mater=University of Calabar|occupation={{hlist|Actor|film producer|entrepreneur}}|years_active=2005 — present|notable_works=Games Men Play<br> The Wedding Party 2}}[[Masarautar Najeriya|Chief]] '''Enyinna Nwigwe''' // ⓘ (an haife shi Satumba 18, 1982) ɗan wasan Najeriya ne, furodusa, kuma ɗan kasuwa. An fi saninsa da wasa Nonso a cikin ''[[The Wedding Party 2|Bikin Bikin aure 2]]'', da wasa Tamuno a cikin ''[[Black November|Black Nuwamba]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/life/on-the-cover/the-wedding-party-2-taking-nollywood-global/|title=The Wedding Party 2": Taking Nollywood Global|website=The Guardian Life|date=17 December 2017|language=en-US|access-date=5 March 2024|archive-date=19 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019231253/https://guardian.ng/life/on-the-cover/the-wedding-party-2-taking-nollywood-global/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/enyinna-nwigwe-nollywood-star-the-wedding-party/|title=This Nollywood Star Is On a Mission to Become a Master Actor—and He's Well On His Way|website=Okay Africa|date=26 February 2018|language=en-US}}</ref>''<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/enyinna-nwigwe-10-things-you-didnt-know-about-black-november-actor-id3441170.html|title=Enyinna Nwigwe: 10 things you didn't know about "Black November" actor|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=4 July 2017|language=en-US|website=Pulse Nigeria|archive-date=1 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801164238/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/enyinna-nwigwe-10-things-you-didnt-know-about-black-november-actor-id3441170.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Nwigwe ranar 18 ga Satumba, 1982, kuma ya tashi a Obiangwu, [[Ngor Okpala]], a [[Imo|jihar Imo]] ga iyayen Najeriya. Ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Calabar]] kuma ya yi digiri a fannin tattalin arziki.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dnbstories.com/2022/03/all-about-enyinna-nwigwes-marriage-wife-and-children.html|title=All About Enyinna Nwigwe's Marriage|website=Dnbstories.com|accessdate=30 March 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailymedia.com.ng/biographyprofilehistory-nollywood-actor-enyinna-nwigwe/|title=Biography/Profile/History Of Nollywood actor Enyinna Nwigwe – Daily Media Nigeria|website=Daily Media Nigeria|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Nwigwe ya fara aikinsa a matsayin samfurin bugawa da titin jirgin sama kafin ya koma ƙwararrun wasan kwaikwayo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://guardian.ng/life/spotlight/enyinna-nwigwe-runway-model-to-award-winning-actor/|title=Enyinna Nwigwe – Runway model to award-winning actor|website=Guardian Nigeria|date=9 June 2017|language=en-US|access-date=5 March 2024|archive-date=30 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630031529/http://guardian.ng/life/spotlight/enyinna-nwigwe-runway-model-to-award-winning-actor/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Siffar sa ta farko ta kasance a cikin fim ɗin 2004, ''Wheel of Change'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://talkmediaafrica.com/2014/12/23/meet-enyinna-nwigwe-talented-good-looking-nigerian-born-nollywood-actor-producer-impressive-climb-stardom/|title=Meet Enyinna Nwigwe - The talented and good-looking Nigerian born Nollywood Actor and Producer on an impressive climb to stardom|website=Talk Media Africa|date=22 December 2014|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/movies/enyinna-nwigwe-heres-everything-you-need-to-know-about-actors-unusual-character-in-suru-l-ere-id4608003.html|title=Enyinna Nwigwe: Here's everything you need to know about actor's "unusual" character in "Suru L' ere"|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2024-03-05|archive-date=2017-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801164447/http://www.pulse.ng/movies/enyinna-nwigwe-heres-everything-you-need-to-know-about-actors-unusual-character-in-suru-l-ere-id4608003.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 2012, ya shiga cikin simintin gyare-gyare na ''[[Black November|Black Nuwamba]]'' a gaban 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Kim Basinger, da Vivica A. Fox, [[Akon]], da Wyclef Jean . A cikin 2017, ya taka rawa a cikin fim din Afirka ta Kudu, ''All About Love'' wanda ya lashe mafi kyawun fim, Kudancin Afirka, a AMVCA . A cikin 2019, Nwigwe ya taka rawar Obinna Omego a cikin sake shirya fim ɗin Najeriya mai suna, ''Rayuwa a kan ɗaurin kurkuku: Breaking Free'', sannan kuma ya taka rawar Nura Yusuf a fim ɗin soja na farko na Najeriya, ''Eagle Wings'' . Nwigwe ya kuma taka rawa a ''[[Badamasi]]'', tarihin tsohon [[Shugaban Nijeriya|shugaban mulkin soja na Najeriya]] . Ya samu kyautar gwarzon dan wasan kwaikwayo a wani babban jarumi a Africa Movie Academy Awards, saboda hotonsa na shugaban kasa [[Ibrahim Babangida|Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]] a cikin fim din.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/05/16/living-in-bondage-breaking-free-premiers-on-netflix/|title='Living in Bondage: Breaking Free' Premiers on Netflix|website=Thisday Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/447680-nigerias-first-ever-military-movie-eagle-wings-premieres-in-lagos.html|title=Nigeria's first-ever military movie 'Eagle Wings' premieres in Lagos|website=Premium Times Nigeria|date=8 March 2021|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://newsexpressngr.com/news/112887|title=Film on IBB gets AMAA 2020 nominations|website=News Express Nigeria|language=en-US|access-date=2024-03-05|archive-date=2024-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613183522/https://newsexpressngr.com/news/112887|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hoton Nwigwe na ɗan Najeriya Ba-Amurke mai ɗaukar hoto Ike Udé an zaɓi shi don kasancewa na dindindin a baje kolin a Cibiyar Tarihi ta Smithsonian National Museum of African Art. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Nwigwe yana zaune a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya. [[Masarautar Najeriya|Shugaban Najeriya]] ne . == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | rowspan="2" | 2005 | ''Dabarun Canji'' | Tony | |- | ''Wasan Karshe'' | Gubabi | |- | rowspan="2" | 2006 | ''[[Games Men Play|Wasanni Maza Suna Wasa]]'' | Lauya | |- | ''[[The Amazing Grace|Abin Al'ajabi]]'' | Etukudo, Associate Producer | |- | 2011 | ''[[Black Gold (2011 Fim din Najeriya)|Bakar Zinariya]]'' | Tamuno, Co-producer | |- | rowspan="2" | 2012 | ''[[Turning Point (fim na 2012)|Juya Juyawa]]'' | Steve | |- | ''[[Black November|Black Nuwamba]]'' | Tamuno Alaibe, Associate Producer | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Ruwan Azurfa'' | Bruce | |- | ''Buge Soyayya'' | Dan wasan kwaikwayo | Fim ɗin TV |- | rowspan="5" | 2016 | ''Sanya Zobe akan Shi'' | Robert | |- | ''Jahannama ko Babban Ruwa'' | Dan wasan kwaikwayo | Short Film |- | ''Lokacin Soyayya Ta Sake Faruwa'' | Enyinna | |- | ''[[Dinner (fim)|Abincin dare]]'' | Adetunde George Jnr. | |- | ''[[The Wedding Party (fim na 2016)|Bikin Aure]]'' | Nonso Onwuka | |- | rowspan="4" | 2017 | ''Hayar Mutum'' | Jeff | |- | ''Lambar ja'' | Charles | |- | ''Atlas'' | Osas | |- | ''[[The Wedding Party 2|Bikin Aure 2]]'' | Ba haka ba | |- | 2018 | ''[[Bound (fim na 2018)|Daure]]'' | Elochukwu | |- | rowspan="2" | 2019 | ''Rayuwa a Daure: Watsewa 'Yanci'' | Obinna Omego | |- | ''Ƙafafun sanyi'' | Tare | |- | rowspan="2" | 2020 | ''[[Dear Affy (fim)|Masoyi Affy]]'' | Micheal | |- | ''[[Badamasi]]'' | [[Ibrahim Babangida]] | |- | 2021 | ''[[Eagle Wings]]'' | Nura Yusuf | |- | 2021 | The Silent Baron | | |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | 2008 | ''Mary Slessor'' | Yarima, Furodusa | |- | 2023 | ''Pyramid Nigeria'' | Mai watsa shiri | |} == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Award !Category !Film !Result !Ref |- |2015 |[[Nollywood and African Film Critics Awards|Nollywood and African Film Critics Award]] |Best Actor in a Supporting Role |[[Black November]] |{{Nom}} | |- |2016 |City People Entertainment Awards |Best Supporting Actor of the Year (English) | |{{Nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2020 |Africa Movie Academy Awards |Best Actor in a Leading Role |''Badamasi'' |{{Nom}} | |- |Best of Nollywood Awards | rowspan="2" |Best Actor in a Lead role – English |''Dear Affy'' |{{Nom}} | |- |2021 |Best of Nollywood Awards |''Badamasi'' |{{Pending}} | |- |2022 |Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards |Best Actor in A Drama |''Dear'' ''Affy'' |{{Pending}} | |} == Nassoshi == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 94mib46w47g643m0r81i220o2urr4h2 0 74117 549529 393162 2024-12-01T16:48:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549529 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An gudanar da 2017 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards (AMVCA) a ranar 5 ga watan Maris, 2017, a [[Eko Hotels and Suites]] a [[Victoria Island, Lagos|Victoria Island]], [[Lagos (birni)|Lagos]], Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.informationng.com/2017/03/amvca-2017-complete-winners-list.html |title=AMVCA 2017: COMPLETE WINNER’S LIST |website=Information Nigeria |access-date=2018-01-01}}</ref> An bayyana waɗanda aka zaɓa a ranar 14 ga watan Disamba, 2016. A cikin taron, an zaɓi manyan taurari da manyan fina-finai da yawa wanda shine fim ɗin '76 ya sami lambar yabo 14.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/76-93-days-nominees-2017-amvca/ |title=FULL LIST: ’76 earns 14 nominations for AMVCA 2017 |last=Awojulegbe |first=Oluseyi |date=December 15, 2016 |website=The Cable |access-date=2018-01-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=izuzu |first1=chibumga |title=RMD, Gideon Okeke, Sola Sobowale, "Hush" nominated for recognition award |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amvca-2017-rmd-gideon-okeke-sola-sobowale-hush-nominated-for-recognition-award/q9wx0gt |website=Pulse Nigeria |access-date=4 June 2022 |language=en |date=21 February 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Kyautattuka == {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Movie (South Africa) ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Movie (East Africa) |- | valign="top" | * '''''All About Love'' (Elvis Chuks)''' * Mrs Right Guy (''Dumisani Gumbi'') * ''Happiness Is a Four-letter Word'' (Bongiwe Selane, Junaid Ahmed, Helena Spring) * [[Vaya (fim)|Vaya]] (''Rethabile Molatela Mothobi'') * ''The Jakes Are Missing'' (''Bianca Isaac'') | valign="top" | * '''''Kati Kati'' (Sarika Hemi Lakhani)''' * Aisha (Amil Shivji) * Naomba Niseme (Staford Kihore) * Epidemic (''Mageye Hassan'') * Homecoming (''Seko Shamte'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Supporting Actress ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Supporting Actor Movie/TV series |- | valign="top" | * '''[[Ebele Okaro]] (''Four One Love'')''' * [[Ivie Okujaye]] (''Something Wicked'') * [[Somkele Iyamah]](''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'') * Adunni Ade (''It's her day'') * [[Kehinde Bankole]] (''8 bars and clef'') * Hanyi Mbau (''Happiness Is a Four-letter Word'') * Nomonde Mbusi (''[[Vaya (fim)|Vaya]]'') | valign="top" | * '''[[Rotimi Salami]] (''Just Not Married'')''' * Gideon Okeke (''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'') * Warren Vasemole (''[[Vaya (fim)|Vaya]]'') * Kofi Adjorlolo (''[[Korar bakin hauren Afirka ta Yamma daga Najeriya|Ghana Must Go]]'') * Mpho Sebeng (''The Jakes Are Missen'') * [[Nkem Owoh]] (''[[Korar bakin hauren Afirka ta Yamma daga Najeriya|Ghana Must Go]]'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Art Director ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Sound Track |- | valign="top" | * '''''<nowiki/>'76'' (Pat Nebo)''' * ''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'' (Bola Bello) * ''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]'' (Chima Adighije) * ''Happiness Is a Four-letter Word'' (Gary Smith) * ''Ghana Must Go (film)'' (Godwin Ashong) | valign="top" | * '''The Encounter (Michael ‘The Truth’ Ogunlade)''' * ''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]'' (Rex Ricketts) * ''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'' (George Kallis, Tunde Jegede and [[Banky W]]) * ''No Good Turn'' ([[Brymo]]) * ''<nowiki/>'76'' (Hyacinth Ogbu, Daps Agwom, Ukachi Nnachi) |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:30%" |Best Actress in a Drama ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:30%" |Best Actor in a Drama |- | valign="top" | * '''[[Rita Dominic]] (''<nowiki/>'76'')''' * [[Bimbo Akintola]] (''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'') * [[Ivie Okujaye]] (''[[Slow Country (fim)|Slow Country]]'') * [[Adesua Etomi]] (''[[The Arbitration]]'') * Zimkhitha Nyoka (''[[Vaya (fim)|Vaya]]'') * [[Meg Otanwa]] (''Derailed'') * Hannah Ojo (''Love is A Prank'') * [[Taiwo Ajai-Lycett|Taiwo Ajai Lycett]] * Mampo Brescia * [[Gloria Young]] * [[Iretiola Doyle|Ireti Doyle]] * [[Ade Laoye]] * Nomzamo Mbatha * Funmi Holder * [[Michelle Dede]] * Thembi Nyandeni * [[Oge Okoye]] | valign="top" | * '''[[Sambasa Nzeribe]] (''[[Slow Country (fim)|Slow Country]]'')''' * [[Richard Mofe-Damijo|RMD]] (''Oloibiri'') * [[Ramsey Nouah]] (''<nowiki/>'76'') * Gregory Ojefua (''The Encounter'') * [[Olu Jacobs]] (''Oloibiri'') * [[Femi Jacobs]] (''[[Femi Jacobs]]'') * Tumisho Masha * Sdumo Mtshali * Bheki Mkhwane * [[Gideon Okeke]] * Iyke Okechukwu * Ayo Lijadu * [[Akin Lewis]] * David Jones David * Kelechi Udegbe * Kingsley Nwachukwu |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:30%" |Best Cinematography ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:30%" |Best Actress in a Comedy |- | valign="top" | * '''Lance Gewer (''Happiness Is a Four-letter Word'')''' * Adze Ugah (''Mrs Right Guy'') * Yinka Edward (''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'') * Curtis Graham (''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]'') * Yinka Edward (''<nowiki/>'76'') | valign="top" | * '''[[Funke Akindele]] (''Jenifa's Diary'')''' * [[Tina Mba]] (''Meet The Inlaws'') * [[Uche Jombo]] (''[[Wive on Strike]]'') * Dineo Moeketsi (''Mrs Right Guy'') * [[Chioma Chukwuka|Chioma Akpotha]] (''[[Wives on Strike]]'') * [[Funke Akindele]] (''[[A Trip to Jamaica]]'') * [[Omoni Oboli]] (''[[Wives on Strike]]'') * Susan Pwajok (''Tinsel'') * [[Seun Osigbesan]], [[Ada Ameh]] - The Johnsons * [[Sola Sobowale]], [[Deborah Anugwa]], [[Stephanie Coker]] - (''Hustle'') * [[Kate Henshaw]], [[Monica Friday]], Uzor Osimkpa - Do Good |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Writer ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actor in a Comedy |- | valign="top" | * '''''[[Vaya (fim)|Vaya]]''''' * ''<nowiki/>'76'' (Emmanuel Okomanyi) * ''The CEO'' (Tunde Babalola) * ''[[A Trip to Jamaica]]'' ([[Ayo Makun]]) * ''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]'' (Samantha Iwowo) * ''Ghana Must Go (film)'' (Tunde Babalola) | valign="top" | * '''[[Ime Bishop Umoh|Imeh Umoh Bishop]] (''The Boss is Mine''''') * [[Ayo Makun]] (''[[A Trip to Jamaica]]'') * Bovi Ugboma (''[[It's Her Day]]'') * [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] (''[[Korar bakin hauren Afirka ta Yamma daga Najeriya|Ghana Must Go]]'') * [[Mike Ezuruonye]] * Okey Uzoeshi (''The Life of a Nigerian Couple'') * Ameachi Munagor (''Meet the In-Laws'') |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Movie West Africa ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Short Film or Online Video |- | valign="top" | * '''''Oloibiri''''' * ''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'' * '''''<nowiki/>'76''''' * ''[[A Trip to Jamaica]]'' * ''The CEO'' | valign="top" | * '''''Cat Face'' (Ogu Okpue)''' * ''Ireti'' ([[Tope Oshin]]) * ''Loot'' (Greg Rum)) * ''Meet the Parents'' (''Lonzo'') * ''Light Diaries: Spin Around'' ((Melissa) |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Documentary ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Picture Director |- | valign="top" | * '''''Alison''''' * ''Roots Gambia'' * ''Makoko: Futures A float'' * ''Amaka's Kin: The Women of Nollywood'' * ''Petra's Nebatean Heritage'' | valign="top" | * '''''<nowiki/>'76'' ([[Izu Ojukwu]])''' * '''''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]''''' * ''[[Vaya (fim)|Vaya]]'' * ''Happiness Is a Four-letter Word'' * ''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Costume Design ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Make Up |- | valign="top" | * '''''<nowiki/>'76'' (Pat Egwurube)''' * ''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]'' * ''Ghana Must Go (film)'' * ''Casino'' * ''King Invincible'' | valign="top" | * '''Hakeem Onilogbo Ajibola – ''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]''''' * Ronwyn Jarrett – ''Umililo'' * Thelma Ozzy Smith / [[Lola Maja]]-Okojevoh / Adetunmi Imoteda – ''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'' * Diana Allen – ''Happiness Is a Four-letter Word'' * Chinwe Elovah – ''<nowiki/>'76'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Sound Editing ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Picture Editing |- | valign="top" | * '''Richard Mohlari / Dave Hawkins – ''[[Vaya (fim)|Vaya (film)]]''''' * Mike Barnitt – ''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]'' * Pius Fatoke / Mzukisi Mtshiselo – ''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'' * Solomon Emmanuel – ''<nowiki/>'76'' * Jean Niemandt – ''Mrs Right Guy'' | valign="top" | * '''Nnodim Chigozie / Paula Peterson – ''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]''''' * Vuyani Sondlo – ''[[Vaya (fim)|Vaya (film)]]'' * Emeka Ojukwu – ''<nowiki/>'76'' * Antonio Ribeiro – ''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]] Movie'' * Nicholas Costaras / Melanie Jankes Golden – ''Happiness Is a Four-letter Word'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Lighting Designer ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best TV series |- | valign="top" | * '''Elliot Sewape – ''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]] Movie''''' * Amisu Alade / Edwin Lau – ''[[Oloibiri (fim)|Oloibiri (film)]]'' * Yinka Edwards – ''<nowiki/>'76'' * Lance Gewer Sasc – ''Happiness Is a Four-letter Word'' * Fabian Hooks – ''[[A Trip to Jamaica]]'' | valign="top" | * '''''Jenifa's Diary'' – [[Funke Akindele]]''' * ''Sokhulu and Partners Season 3'' – Roberta Durrant * ''Duplicity'' – Delmwa Deshi Kura * ''Beneath The Lies'' – Cedric Ndilima & [[Nana Kagga]] * ''Beyond your Sight'' – The Police Story – [[Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen]] |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:20%" |Best Indigenous Language TV series/movies (Hausa) ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:20%" |Best Indigenous Language TV series/movies (Igbo) |- | valign="top" | * '''''Yaki Da Zuciya'' – Tijjani Shehu Yahaya''' * ''Salim'' – Abdullahi Abas * ''Mafarin Tafiya'' – Nuhu Abdullahi * ''Maula'' – Muktar Bello Ismail | valign="top" | * '''''Amonye Bu Onye'' – Crey Ahanonu''' * ''Obi-Eze'' – Kingsley Okereke * ''Obi Nwanyi'' – Douye Aaron Garvey * ''Mmakwara Series'' – Tiana Oboyi * ''Ikpe Omuwa'' – [[Emeka Ossai]] |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:20%" |Best Indigenous Language TV series/movies (Yoruba) ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:20%" |Best Indigenous Language TV series/movies (Swahili) |- | valign="top" | * '''''Somewhere in the Dark'' – Abiodun Jimoh / [[Jumoke Odetola]]''' * ''Ode Iku'' – Samsideen Adesiyah * ''Ajoke Aiye'' – Olaide Olabanji * ''Tobajewo'' – Omirefa Titus * ''Iman'' – Oluwatoyin Bankole | valign="top" | * '''''Zilizala'' – Daudi Otieno Anguka''' * ''Urembo'' – Dorothy Ghettuba * ''Siri Ya Mtungi'' (Season 2) * ''Mganga Bomba'' – Gbenga Kayode * ''Fihi'' – Victor Gatonye |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:20%" |AMVCA recognition award for MNET original series ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:20%" |Best Overall Film |- | valign="top" | * Best Actress in a comedy – Deborah Anugwa (''Hustle'') * Best Actor in a comedy – [[Samuel Ajibola]] (''[[The Johnsons (Nigerian TV series)|The Johnsons]]'') * Best Actress in a drama – [[Meg Otanwa]] (''Hush'') * Best Actor in a drama – David Jones David (''Hotel Majestic'') * Best comedy series – ''[[The Johnsons (Nigerian TV series)|The Johnsons]]'' * Best drama series – ''Tinsel (TV series)'' | valign="top" | * '''''<nowiki/>'76''''' * ''Mrs Right Guy'' * ''Happiness Is a Four-letter Word'' * ''Aisha'' * ''[[93 Days (fim)|93 Days]]'' * ''Naomba Niseme'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:20%" |Legend Award ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:20%" |Trailblazer Award |- | valign="top" | * [[Chika Okpala]] | valign="top" | * '''[[Somkele Iyamah]]''' |- |} == Manazarta == asetlkpvld83rj5514jp11p1kdigikp 0 74122 549527 456985 2024-12-01T16:44:59Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An gudanar da bikin bayar da lambar yabo ta '''14th Africa Movie Academy Awards''' a ranar 20 ga watan Oktoba 2018 a [[Kigali]], Rwanda.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nwanne |first1=Chuks |title=AMAA 2018… What went down in Kigali |url=https://guardian.ng/life/film/amaa-2018-what-went-down-in-kigali/ |website=The Guardian |accessdate=8 May 2019 |archive-date=4 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104134653/https://guardian.ng/life/film/amaa-2018-what-went-down-in-kigali/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Akande |first1=Victor |title=Nse Ikpe, Arthur Nkusi to host AMAA 2018 |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/nse-ikpe-arthur-nkusi-to-host-amaa-2018/ |website=The Nation Online |accessdate=8 May 2019}}</ref> [[Nse Ikpe-Etim|Nse Ikpe Etim]] da Arthur Nkusi ne suka ɗauki nauyin taron.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amaa-2018-more-than-a-celebration-of-africas-movie-best/jx1lm5w |title=AMAA 2018: More than a celebration of Africa's movie best |access-date=2019-10-08 |archive-date=2020-12-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217124958/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amaa-2018-more-than-a-celebration-of-africas-movie-best/jx1lm5w |url-status=dead }}{{Cite web |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amaa-2018-more-than-a-celebration-of-africas-movie-best/jx1lm5w |title=AMAA 2018: More than a celebration of Africa's movie best |access-date=2024-03-06 |archive-date=2020-12-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217124958/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/amaa-2018-more-than-a-celebration-of-africas-movie-best/jx1lm5w |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/291334-nse-ikpe-arthur-nkusi-to-host-amaa-2018.html |title=Nse Ikpe, Arthur Nkusi to host AMAA 2018}}</ref> == Kyautattuka == An jera waɗanda suka yi nasara a cikin '''boldface'''. {| class="wikitable" ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Best Film]] ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]] |- | valign="top" | * '''''[[Five Fingers for Marseilles|Five Fingers For Marseilles]]''''' - South Africa * ''[[Isokin|Isoken]]'' - Nigeria * ''In My Country (2017 film)'' - Nigeria * ''The Blessed Vost'' - Algeria * ''Cross Roads'' - Nigeria * ''[[The Road to Sunrise]]'' - Malawi * ''Siembamba'' - South Africa * ''[[A Hotel Called Memory]]'' - Nigeria * ''[[Sidechic Gang]]'' - Ghana * ''Lost Café'' - Nigeria | valign="top" | * '''''[[Frank Rajah Arase]]''''' - In My Country * Jade Osiberu - ''[[Isokin|Isoken]]'' * Michael Mathews - ''[[Five Fingers for Marseilles|Five Fingers For Marseilles]]'' * [[Sofia Djama]] - ''The Blessed Vost'' * Oluseyi Siwoku - ''Cross Roads'' * Shemu Joyah - ''[[The Road to Sunrise]]'' * [[Darrell Roodt]] - ''Siembamba'' * [[Akin Omotoso]] - ''A Hotel Called Memory'' * Peter Kofi Sedufia - ''Sidechic Gang'' * [[Kenneth Gyang]] - ''The Lost Café'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role|Best Actor in a leading role]] ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actress in a leading role |- | valign="top" | * '''''[[Richard Mofe-Damijo|Richard Mofe Damijo]]''''' - Cross Roads * Vuyo Dabula - [[Five Fingers for Marseilles]] * [[Sam Dede]] - In My Country * Sami Bouajila - The Blessed Vost * [[OC Ukeje]] - [[Potato Potahto (fim)|Potato Potahto]] * [[Chris Attoh]] - Esohe * Oros Mampofu - Lucky Specials * [[Frank Donga]] - Hakkunde | valign="top" | * '''''[[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]]''''' - ''[[Isokin|Isoken]]'' * [[Kate Henshaw]] - ''Roti'' * [[Reine Swart]] - ''Siembamba'' * [[Okawa Shaznay]] - ''In My Country'' * Nana Ama McBrown, [[Lydia Forson]] and [[Sika Osei]] - ''[[Sidechic Gang]]'' * Mariam Phiri – ''The Road To Sunrise'' * [[Tunde Aladese]] – ''Lost Café'' * Joselyn Dumas – ''[[Potato Potahto (fim)|Potato Potahto]]'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role|Best Actor in a Supporting Role]] ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Actress in a Supporting Role |- | valign="top" | * '''''[[Gideon Okeke]]''' – Cross Roads'' * [[Seun Ajayi]] – ''[[Ojukokoro]]'' * Lionel Newton – ''Pop Lock ‘N’ Roll'' * Akah Nnani – ''[[Banana Island Ghost]]'' * Richard Lukunku – ''Lucky Specials'' | valign="top" | * '''''[[Joke Silva]]''' – Potato Potahto'' * [[Sika Osei]] – ''In Line'' * Sivenathi Mabuya – ''Lucky Specials'' * [[Rahama Sadau]] – ''Hakkunde'' * [[Toyin Abraham]] - ''Esohe'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Achievement in Costume Design ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Achievement in Makeup |- | valign="top" | * '''''[[Isokin|Isoken]]''''' * ''Icheke Oku'' * ''Cross Roads'' * ''Esohe'' * ''[[Five Fingers for Marseilles]]'' | valign="top" | * '''''Icheke Oku''''' * ''Siembamba'' * ''[[Five Fingers for Marseilles]]'' * ''Esohe'' * ''The Road To Sunshine'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Cinematography|Achievement in Cinematography]] ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Achievement in Production Design |- | valign="top" | * '''''[[Five Fingers for Marseilles]]''''' * ''The Road To Sunshine'' * ''The Lost Café'' * ''The Blessed Vost'' * ''Siembamba'' | valign="top" | * '''''[[Five Fingers for Marseilles]]''''' * ''Kada River'' * ''Tatu'' * ''In My Country'' * ''Cross Roads'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Achievement in Editing ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Achievement in Screenplay |- | valign="top" | * '''''Hotel Called Memory''''' * Pop Lock ‘N’ Roll * While We Live – Burkina Faso/Sweden * Lucky Specials * The Blessed Vost | valign="top" | * '''''Hakkunde''''' * The Women * [[Potato Potahto (fim)|Potato Potahto]] * [[Ojukokoro]] * [[Five Fingers for Marseilles|Five Fingers For Marseilles]] * The Lost Café |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Film in An African Language ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film|Best Nigerian Film]] |- | valign="top" | * '''''[[Five Fingers for Marseilles|Five Fingers For Marseilles]]''''' – South Africa * Mansoor – Nigeria * Icheke Oku – Nigeria * Agwaetiti Obiuto – Nigeria * Nyasaland – Malawi * Tunu – Tanzania | valign="top" | * '''''[[Isokin|Isoken]]''''' * ''Cross Roads'' * ''In My Country'' * ''Hotel Called Memory'' * ''Ojukokoro'' * ''Lost Café'' * ''Icheke Oku'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Short Film ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Animation|Best Animation]] |- | valign="top" | * '''''Tikitat Soulima''''' – Morocco * Dem Dem – Senegal/Belgium * Zenith – Cameroon/USA * It Rains on Ouga – Burkina Faso * In Shadows – Kenya * Coat of Harm – Nigeria * Nice, Very Nice – Algeria * Visions (Shaitan, Buruja, Brood) – Nigeria * Fallou – Senegal * Still Water Runs Deep – Nigeria/USA | valign="top" | * '''''Belly Flop''''' – South Africa * Group Photo – Nigeria * Untitled – Ghana * Crush – Nigeria |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Documentary|Best Documentary]] ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Film by an African Living Abroad |- | valign="top" | * '''''Uncertain Future''''' – Burundi * Bigger Than Africa – Nigeria/USA * Winnie – South Africa * Boxing Libreville – Gabon * Silas – South Africa/Kenya * When Babies Don’t Come – South Africa * We Came In Sprint Carts – South Africa | valign="top" | * '''''Alexandra''''' – Nigeria/USA * Minister – Nigeria/Italy * Low Lifes And High Hopes – Nigeria/Austria |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Diaspora Short ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Diaspora Documentary |- | valign="top" | * '''''Torments of Love''''' - Guadeloupe * Baby Steps – USA * Intercept - USA | valign="top" | * '''''Barrows: Freedom Fighter''''' - Barbados * ''Evolutionary Blues: West Oakland's Music Legacy'' - USA * Sammy Davis Jr. – I Gotta Be Me - USA |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Diaspora Feature ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Soundtrack |- | valign="top" | * '''''Angelica''''' - Puerto Rico * ''Love Jacked'' - Canada * ''The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)'' - USA * Charlie: La Vie Magnifique Charlie - USA | valign="top" | * '''''Hotel Called Memory''''' * ''The Road To Sunshine'' * ''Tatu'' * ''[[Isokin|Isoken]]'' * ''Siembamba'' |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Visual Effects ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best Sound |- | valign="top" | * '''''Lucky Specials'''''<ref name="AMAA2018" /> * ''Siembamba'' * ''Icheke Oku'' * ''Esohe'' * ''Kada River'' | valign="top" | * '''''Hotel Called Memory''''' * The Lost Café * The Road To Sunshine * Pop Lock ‘N’ Roll * Sidechic Gang |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Most Promising Actor ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Best First Feature Film by a Director |- | valign="top" | * '''''Anine Lansari''' – The Blessed Vost'' * Patrick Dibuah – ''[[Banana Island Ghost]]'' * Austin Enabulele – ''In My Country'' * Cindy Sanyu – ''Bella'' * Maurice Paige – ''Pop Lock ‘N’ Roll'' * Nichole Ozioma Banna – ''Icheke Oku'' * Zainab Balogun – Sylvia | valign="top" | * '''''[[Five Fingers for Marseilles]]- Michael Mathews''''' – South Africa * ''My Mothers Story'' – Flora Suya- Malawi * ''Ogwuetiti Obiuto'' – Onyeka Nwelue – Nigeria * ''[[Isokin|Isoken]]'' – Jadesola Osiberu - Nigeria * ''[[18 Hours]]'' – Njue Kevin – Kenya * ''[[Banana Island Ghost]]'' – BB Sasore - Nigeria * ''The Blessed Vost'' – Sefia Djama – Algeria |- ! style="background:#EEDD82; width:50%" |Achievement in Editing |- | valign="top" | * '''''Hotel Called Memory''''' * Pop Lock ‘N’ Roll * Lucky Specials * The Blessed Vost * Siembamba |- |} == Manazarta == 69brd28e6qq88ebasgkx8xcjuzrycbe 0 74552 549944 399332 2024-12-02T00:57:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|image=Crime and Justice (Kenya TV series).jpg|occupation=Drama film|Gama mulki=Adam Neutzsky-Wulff Edwin Kamau Likarion Wainaina Sarah Hassan]l Alfred Munyua Maqbul Mohammed Paul Ogola Brian Ogola}} '''Crime and Justice''' (an sake shi akan Canal + azaman '''Crime et Justice: Nairobi''') wani sirri ne na 2021 na Showmax na Kenya, laifi, da jerin wasan kwaikwayo waɗanda Showmax da Canal + suka samar, tare da Alfred Munyua, [[Sarah Hassan]], [[Maqbul Mohammed]], Paul Ogola, da Brian Ogola. == Makirci == Laifuka da Adalci shiri ne na 'yan sanda da wasan kwaikwayo na shari'a wanda ya biyo bayan mai binciken Makena (Hassan) da Sila (Munyua) yayin da suke binciken shari'ar da aka samu daga kanun labarai, tare da kiyaye titunan Nairobi. Yin maganin kowane irin laifi, dole ne su koyi amincewa da tunanin juna wajen neman adalci. == Yin wasan kwaikwayo == * [[Sarah Hassan]] as '''Detective Makena''' * Alfred Munyua as '''Detective Silas''' * [[Maqbul Mohammed]] as '''DCI Boss Kebo''' * Paul Ogola as '''Prosecutor Sokoro''' * Brian Ogola as '''Clive'''    == Production == === Ci gaba === A kan 30 Yuli 2020, Multichoice ya sanar da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Showmax da CANAL + haɗin gwiwar samarwa akan Zabura ta jini, jerin wasan kwaikwayo da aka saita don farawa akan Showmax a cikin 2021. A ranar 12 ga Janairu 2021, bayan haɗin gwiwarsu, sun ba da sanarwar samar da Laifuka da Adalci, jerin laifuka da aka saita a [[Nairobi]], wanda Adam Neutzsky-Wulff ya jagoranta kuma ya samar. Da yake magana game da samar da, Shugaba na MultiChoice Connected Video, Yolisa Pahle, ya ce "MultiChoice asali kasuwanci ne na Afirka da aka zuba jari wajen ba da labarun Afirka da ke nunawa a cikin rayuwa, harsuna, da al'adun nahiyar. Mun yi imani da hazaka na Afirka kuma muna sa ran haska haske na kasa da kasa kan ba taurarin Kenya kadai ba, har ma da karfin masana'antar fasaha ta Kenya, kuma mun yi imanin cewa watsa bidiyo wata hanya ce mai karfi ta isar da wadannan labarai. Wannan shine ɗayan ƙarin Showmax Originals.<ref>https://stories.showmax.com/mistress-crime-and-justice-case-file-01/</ref> === Yin wasan kwaikwayo === An ba da rahoton simintin gyare-gyare lokacin da aka fara shirin farko na kakar wasa ta 1, tare da jerin jerin Alfred Munyua, [[Sarah Hassan]], [[Maqbul Mohammed]], Paul Ogola, da Brian Ogola. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan MultiChoice ya sanar da haɗin gwiwar su, manyan ƴan wasan kwaikwayo sun yi magana game da rawar da suka taka yayin sakin manema labarai. Da yake magana da wakilin jaridar Media Online, manyan jaruman Alfred Munyua, da Sarah Hassan sun yi magana game da halayensu a cikin jerin, Munyua ya ce "Lokacin da na fara karanta rubutun, na ƙaunaci isarwa da gaskiyar Sila a matsayin hali. Ba a wuce gona da iri kuma shi ba gwarzon Rambo ba ne; kawai yana magance lamuransa yadda ya kamata. Na sami kyakkyawan sakamako tare da wannan rubutun, kuma ina fatan zan yi adalci ga rawar da aka yi. " Hassan ya yi magana game da halinta, yana mai cewa “Wannan hali daban ne; Ban taba buga wani abu kamar Makena a baya ba. Yana da ban sha'awa sosai don samun halayen da ke sa ni girma a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. " <ref>https://stories.showmax.com/primal-crime-and-justice-case-file-02/</ref> == Saki == A ranar 1 ga Disamba 2021, Showmax ya sabunta wani yanayi kuma sun ba da sanarwar cewa sun fara yin fim a hukumance. A ranar 11 ga Janairu, 2022, Showmax ya tabbatar da kakar wasa ta biyu, an shirya don fitowa a watan Fabrairu. A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, 2022, Showmax ya gudanar da gwajin sirri na kashi na farko na kakar Laifuka da Adalci na biyu.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Canal|first1=Stephane|title=Showmax’s Kenyan TV series Crime & Justice renewed for another season|url=https://nextvafrica.com/showmaxs-kenyan-tv-series-crime-justice-renewed-for-another-season/|website=NexTV News Africa|access-date=10 January 2023|date=1 December 2021|archive-date=10 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230110123739/https://nextvafrica.com/showmaxs-kenyan-tv-series-crime-justice-renewed-for-another-season/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|last1=Venter|first1=Stacey|title=Showmax & CANAL+ confirm the production of hit Kenyan procedural Crime and Justice Season 2|url=https://stories.showmax.com/showmax-canal-plus-confirm-crime-and-justice-season-2/|website=Showmax Stories|access-date=9 January 2023|language=en|date=11 January 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|last1=Milimo|first1=Dennis|title=Showmax hosts a star-studded showcase of Crime & Justice 2 and Single Kiasi [Photos]|url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/movies/showmax-hosts-a-star-studded-showcase-of-crime-and-justice-2-and-single-kiasi-photos/8gkew53|website=Pulselive Kenya|access-date=10 January 2023|language=en|date=17 February 2022|archive-date=10 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230110132416/https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/movies/showmax-hosts-a-star-studded-showcase-of-crime-and-justice-2-and-single-kiasi-photos/8gkew53|url-status=dead}}</ref> == liyafar == === Amsa mai mahimmanci da masu sauraro === A wani bita da ya yi, Carlos Mutethi na Quartz Africa ya ce: " ''Laifi da Adalci'' sun dogara ne kan batutuwan da suka mamaye kanun labaran Kenya, wadanda suka hada da kisan mata da cin zarafin gida." Ya kuma kara da cewa, "[a] a kan hanya, jerin suna nuna son zuciya da sauran rauni a cikin 'yan sanda da tsarin <ref name="Quartz2">{{cite web|last1=Mureithi|first1=Carlos|title=A new Showmax series takes inspiration from Kenya's most controversial headlines|url=https://qz.com/africa/1987771/crime-and-justice-is-inspired-by-controversial-kenyan-headlines|website=Quartz|access-date=10 January 2023|language=en|date=24 March 2021}}</ref> === Kyaututtuka da zaɓe === {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="width:99%;" ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Award ! scope="col" |Category ! scope="col" |Recipient(s) ! scope="col" |Result ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- | rowspan="2" |2021 | rowspan="2" |Kalasha Awards |Best TV Drama |''Crime and Justice'' | {{Nom}} | rowspan="2" | |- |Best Lead Actress in a TV Drama |[[Sarah Hassan]] for Crime and Justice |{{Won}} |} == Nassoshi == 1q08f275uth1a3qh7so0bt6jwm5yqpc 0 74671 550108 526377 2024-12-02T07:44:20Z BnHamid 12586 550108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{stub}} Naufal Ahmad shugaban al'ummar Najeriya ne kuma maginin fasahar kere-kere. Ya yi digirin farko na Kimiyya a Geography sannan ya yi digiri na biyu a fannin Albarkatun Albarkatun Kasa da Harkokin Kasa da Kasa da Diflomasiya wanda ya yi aiki da cibiyoyin gwamnati da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa wajen karfafa tsarin ICT na Najeriya a tsawon shekaru 8 da ya yi yana aiki.<ref>https://dateline.ng/radda-appoints-naufal-ahmad-pioneer-director-general-for-katsina-ict-directorate/</ref> Naufal mai ba da shawara ne a aikin Bankin Duniya-AGILE kuma ya yi aiki a kwamitocin gwamnati daban-daban, kaman Galaxy Backbone, Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa manufofi kamar NIIEV da kuma dokar [[:en:Not_Too_Young_To_Run|#Nottooyoungtorun]]. Ya kafa Kirkira Innovation Hub, tareda sauran ma kafa, inda suka horar da fiye da 3,000 matasa a kan fasaha ICT da kuma goyon bayan farawa don bunƙasa. Manyan cibiyoyi ne suka san aikinsa, kuma yana cikin matasa 100 da suka fi tasiri a Afirka. Naufal ƙwararren mai sarrafa ayyuka ne, mai sadarwa, kuma mai tsara al'umma tare da gwanintar shawarwari da jagoranci. Shi ne babban Darakta Janar na [https://katdict.ng Hukumar ICT ta Jihar Katsina] wanda Dr Dikko Umaru Radda ya kafa == Manazarta == 7di8wehgl373vwi67wwyz2pl54k9yrs 0 74872 549943 397109 2024-12-02T00:55:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 4 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Corinne Chevallier''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1935) masaniyar tarihi ce na Aljeriya kuma marubuciya zuriyar noir.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.elwatan.com/archives/article.php?id=68197|title=Algérienne, profondément algérienne...|date=2007-05-17|work=[[El Watan]]|author=Hamid Tahri|author-link=Hamid Tahri}}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mahaifinta, Jacques Chevallier, shi ne magajin garin [[Aljir|Algiers]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.elwatan.com/archives/article.php?id=68197|title=Algérienne, profondément algérienne...|date=2007-05-17|work=[[El Watan]]|author=Hamid Tahri|author-link=Hamid Tahri}}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rayuwa == An haife ta a Algiers a shekara ta 1935, inda ta ke zama tun daga lokacin. Tana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan matan da suka karɓi takardar zama 'yar ƙasar Aljeriya kuma suka ci gaba da zama a sabuwar jihar.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.elwatan.com/archives/article.php?id=68197|title=Algérienne, profondément algérienne...|date=2007-05-17|work=[[El Watan]]|author=Hamid Tahri|author-link=Hamid Tahri}}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ayyukanta sun haɗa da litattafan ''La Petite Fille du Tassili'' (Algiers: Éditions Casbah, 2001) da ''La Nuit du corsaire'' (Algiers: Éditions Casbah, 2005)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.elwatan.com/archives/article.php?id=68197|title=Algérienne, profondément algérienne...|date=2007-05-17|work=[[El Watan]]|author=Hamid Tahri|author-link=Hamid Tahri}}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1935]] 0yz1p4y1obw3upjnv02153fsnuiwhgk 0 76142 549989 540320 2024-12-02T05:03:54Z Umar A Muhammad 22698 Nayi Gyara 549989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marie-Rose Nizigiyimana,''' (an haife ta a shekara ta alif 1966) 'yar siyasar kasar [[Burundi]] ce. Ta riƙe muƙamin ministar kasuwanci, masana'antu, gidan waya da yawon buɗe ido a gwamnatin shugaba Pierre Nkurunziza daga ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairun 2014 har zuwa lokacin da aka kore ta a ranar 18 ga watan Mayun 2015. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Nizigiyimana a shekarar 1966 a unguwar Rango a lardin Kayanza.<ref name="iwacu">{{Cite web |last=Nadine Nkengurutse |date=24 February 2014 |title=Marie-Rose Nizigiyimana : le Commerce dans les mains d'une licenciée en Histoire |url=http://www.iwacu-burundi.org/le-commerce-dans-les-mains-dune-licenciee-en-histoire/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520091635/http://www.iwacu-burundi.org/le-commerce-dans-les-mains-dune-licenciee-en-histoire/ |archive-date=20 May 2015 |access-date=19 May 2015 |publisher=iwacu |language=French}}</ref> Ta sami kwalin digiri a fannin tarihi a Jami'ar Burundi, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malama tun a shekarar alif 1993.<ref name="iwacu" /> Nizigiyimana ta kasance memba na jam'iyyar siyasa Union for National Progress tun a shekarar 1993.A ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu 2014, an naɗa ta ministar kasuwanci, masana'antu, gidan waya da yawon buɗe ido bayan da aka yi wa majalisar ministoci garambawul.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2014 |title=Burundi President reshuffles cabinet |url=http://www.punchng.com/news/burundi-president-reshuffles-cabinet/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520221421/http://www.punchng.com/news/burundi-president-reshuffles-cabinet/ |archive-date=20 May 2015 |access-date=19 May 2015 |publisher=Punch}}</ref> An kore ta ne a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu 2015, jim kaɗan bayan juyin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tom Odula |date=18 May 2015 |title=After coup attempt, Burundi President fire 3 ministers |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/may/18/after-coup-attempt-burundi-president-fire-3-minist/ |access-date=18 May 2015 |publisher=The Washington Times}}</ref> Nizigiyimana ta sha suka kan karancin mai a ƙasar. [[Irina Inantore]] ta maye gurbin ta.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=18 May 2015 |title=Burundian leader sacks defence minister |url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/foreign/africa/183235-burundian-leader-sacks-defence-minister.html |access-date=19 May 2015 |publisher=Premium Times}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1966]] bmoivul009gzqu7ty9ceuz1uqkm92s4 0 76249 550373 405123 2024-12-02T11:12:47Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Maria-Joëlle Conjungo''' (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga watan Yulin shekarar 1975 a [[Bangui]]) 'yar wasan da ta yi ritaya daga [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] wacce ta ƙware a tseren mita 100. Ta yi gasa a wasannin Olympics biyu a jere, tun daga shekara ta 2000, ba tare da ta kai zagaye na biyu ba. Mafi kyawunta na 13.51 (100 m shingen) da 8.38 (60 m shingen). Ɗan'uwanta, Mickaël Conjungo, shi ma mai riƙe da rikodin ƙasa ne.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418101536/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/co/marie-joelle-conjungo-1.html Maria-Joëlle Conjungo]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-18.</ref> == Rubuce-rubucen gasa == {| {{AchievementTable}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing the {{CAF}} |- |1997 |[[Athletics at the 1997 Summer Universiade|Universiade]] |[[Catania, Italy]] |20th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 1997 Summer Universiade – Women's 100 metres hurdles|14.51]] |- |rowspan=4|1999 |[[1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] |[[Maebashi, Japan]] |19th (h) |60 m hurdles |[[1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 60 metres hurdles|8.65]] |- |[[Athletics at the 1999 Summer Universiade|Universiade]] |[[Palma de Mallorca, Spain]] |20th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 1999 Summer Universiade – Women's 100 metres hurdles|14.31]] |- |[[1999 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Seville, Spain]] |38th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[1999 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 100 metres hurdles|13.89]] |- |[[Athletics at the 1999 All-Africa Games|All-Africa Games]] |[[Johannesburg, South Africa]] |8th |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 1999 All-Africa Games – Women's 100 metres hurdles|14.42]] |- |rowspan=2|2000 |[[2000 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Algiers, Algeria]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |100 m hurdles |13.77 |- |[[Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |[[Sydney, Australia]] |35th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres hurdles|13.95]] |- |2001 |[[2001 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] |[[Lisbon, Portugal]] |24th (h) |60 m hurdles |[[2001 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 60 metres hurdles|8.47]] |- |rowspan=3|2003 |[[2003 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Paris, France]] |33rd (h) |100 m hurdles |[[2003 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 100 metres hurdles|13.51]] |- |[[Athletics at the 2003 All-Africa Games|All-Africa Games]] |[[Abuja, Nigeria]] |4th |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 2003 All-Africa Games – Women's 100 metres hurdles|13.71]] |- |[[Athletics at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games|Afro-Asian Games]] |[[Hyderabad, India]] |6th |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games – Results#100 meters hurdles|13.94]] |- |2004 |[[Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |[[Athens, Greece]] |36th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres hurdles|14.24]] |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1975]] h2et34n5t8ywek010goxnr4d5lcz3bk 550374 550373 2024-12-02T11:13:10Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Maria-Joëlle Conjungo''' (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga watan Yulin shekarar 1975 a [[Bangui]]) 'yar wasan da ta yi ritaya daga [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] wacce ta ƙware a tseren mita 100. Ta yi gasa a wasannin Olympics biyu a jere, tun daga shekara ta 2000, ba tare da ta kai zagaye na biyu ba. Mafi kyawunta na 13.51 (100 m shingen) da 8.38 (60 m shingen). Ɗan'uwanta, Mickaël Conjungo, shi ma mai riƙe da rikodin ƙasa ne.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418101536/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/co/marie-joelle-conjungo-1.html Maria-Joëlle Conjungo]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-04-18.</ref> == Rubuce-rubucen gasa == {| {{AchievementTable}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing the {{CAF}} |- |1997 |[[Athletics at the 1997 Summer Universiade|Universiade]] |[[Catania, Italy]] |20th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 1997 Summer Universiade – Women's 100 metres hurdles|14.51]] |- |rowspan=4|1999 |[[1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] |[[Maebashi, Japan]] |19th (h) |60 m hurdles |[[1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 60 metres hurdles|8.65]] |- |[[Athletics at the 1999 Summer Universiade|Universiade]] |[[Palma de Mallorca, Spain]] |20th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 1999 Summer Universiade – Women's 100 metres hurdles|14.31]] |- |[[1999 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Seville, Spain]] |38th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[1999 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 100 metres hurdles|13.89]] |- |[[Athletics at the 1999 All-Africa Games|All-Africa Games]] |[[Johannesburg, South Africa]] |8th |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 1999 All-Africa Games – Women's 100 metres hurdles|14.42]] |- |rowspan=2|2000 |[[2000 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Algiers, Algeria]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |100 m hurdles |13.77 |- |[[Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |[[Sydney, Australia]] |35th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres hurdles|13.95]] |- |2001 |[[2001 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] |[[Lisbon, Portugal]] |24th (h) |60 m hurdles |[[2001 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Women's 60 metres hurdles|8.47]] |- |rowspan=3|2003 |[[2003 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Paris, France]] |33rd (h) |100 m hurdles |[[2003 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 100 metres hurdles|13.51]] |- |[[Athletics at the 2003 All-Africa Games|All-Africa Games]] |[[Abuja, Nigeria]] |4th |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 2003 All-Africa Games – Women's 100 metres hurdles|13.71]] |- |[[Athletics at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games|Afro-Asian Games]] |[[Hyderabad, India]] |6th |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 2003 Afro-Asian Games – Results#100 meters hurdles|13.94]] |- |2004 |[[Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |[[Athens, Greece]] |36th (h) |100 m hurdles |[[Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres hurdles|14.24]] |} ==Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1975]] 8naj9npq29t0yq9w8kx2mpp7v0m87uy 0 76313 549870 507954 2024-12-01T22:27:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549870 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Blessing Oborududu 2.JPG|thumb|Blessing Oborududu yayin fita filin wasa]] [[Fayil:Blessing Oborududu 3.JPG|thumb|Blessing Oborududu a gurin training]] [[Fayil:Blessing Oborududu (NGR) 2021.JPG|thumb|Blessing Oborududu]] [[Fayil:Wrestling at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's freestyle 68 kg medal podium.jpg|thumb|Blessing Oborududu daga gefen hagu yayin da ta lashes kyauta]] '''Blessing Oborududu''' (an haife ta a ranar 12 ga watan Maris na shekara ta alif 1989, a Granuban) ƴar wasan kokawa ce ta [[Najeriya]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Blessing Oborududu |url=http://www.london2012.com/athlete/oborududu-blessing-1055998/ |publisher=London 2012 |accessdate=2012-09-06 |archive-date=3 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403211341/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/oborududu-blessing-1055998/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> A halin yanzu an sanya ta a matsayin mace mai kokawa ta biyu a [[duniya]] kuma ita ce mai kokawa ta farko da ta lashe lambar yabo ta Olympics da ke wakiltar Najeriya a gasar Olympics. Ta kuma kasance zakara ta [[Afirka]] sau goma sha biyu daga 2010 zuwa 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-02 |title=Nigeria's Blessing Oborududu qualifies for Olympics wrestling final |url=https://editor.guardian.ng/sport/tokyo-olympics-nigeria-guaranteed-medal-as-oborududu-qualifies-for-wrestling-final/ |access-date=2021-08-03 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803142002/https://editor.guardian.ng/sport/tokyo-olympics-nigeria-guaranteed-medal-as-oborududu-qualifies-for-wrestling-final/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-03 |title=Oborududu wins Nigeria's first-ever Olympic medal in wrestling |url=https://www.thecable.ng/oborududu-wins-nigerias-first-ever-olympic-medal-in-wrestling |access-date=2022-03-25 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka == An gayyaci Oborududu zuwa sansanin kasa a shekara ta 2007 don shiga cikin [[Wasannin Afirka]] bayan ta lura da rawar da ta taka a wasannin kokawa tsakanin gidaje.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-03 |title=How Nigeria's first wrestler in Olympics final, Oborududu, was discovered -NWF |url=https://punchng.com/how-nigerias-first-wrestler-in-olympics-final-oborududu-was-discovered-nwf/ |access-date=2021-08-03 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Blessing Oborududu is Nigeria's first Olympic wrestling medallist - find out more about her |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/blessing-oborududu-nigerias-first-wrestling-medallist-olympics-profile |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803014604/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/blessing-oborududu-nigerias-first-wrestling-medallist-olympics-profile |archive-date=3 August 2021 |access-date=2021-08-03 |website=Tokyo 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref> Iyayenta da farko sun saba wa burinta na zama mai kokawa na wasanni kuma sun shawarce ta cewa ana ba da kokawa ne kawai ga yara maza. Ta yi wa dan gwagwarmayar Kanada-Nijeriya [[Daniel Igali]] wanda aka fara la'akari da shi a matsayin mutum na farko daga Najeriya don lashe lambar yabo ta Olympics a gwagwarmaya.[2]<ref name=":0" /> Ta lashe lambar zinare a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka a kowace shekara a cikin shekaru 11 da suka gabata, sai dai a shekarar 2012 lokacin da ba ta shiga ba saboda shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2012 . <ref name="african_wrestling_championships_results_book_2020">{{Cite web |title=2020 African Wrestling Championships Results Book |url=https://unitedworldwrestling.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/results_02_alger.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616174611/https://unitedworldwrestling.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/results_02_alger.pdf |archive-date=16 June 2020 |access-date=16 June 2020 |website=United World Wrestling}}</ref> Ta yi gasa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na 63 kg a gasar Olympics ta 2012 kuma Monika Michalik ta kawar da ita a wasan karshe na 1/8 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Blessing Oborududu - Events and results |url=http://www.london2012.com/athlete/oborududu-blessing-1055998/events/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915210503/http://www.london2012.com/athlete/oborududu-blessing-1055998/events/ |archive-date=15 September 2012 |access-date=2012-09-06 |publisher=London 2012}}</ref> Ta lashe lambar tagulla a matsakaicin nauyin mata a Wasannin Commonwealth na 2014 bayan ta doke Chloe Spiteri a wasan tagulla.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glasgow 2014 - Blessing Oborududu Profile |url=http://g2014results.thecgf.com/athlete/wrestling/1014095/blessing_oborududu.html |access-date=2018-01-04 |website=g2014results.thecgf.com |archive-date=2018-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105180354/http://g2014results.thecgf.com/athlete/wrestling/1014095/blessing_oborududu.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma yi gasa a cikin Matsakaicin nauyin mata a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2016, inda ta sha kashi a hannun Soronzonboldyn Battsetseg a zagaye na biyu. Ta lashe lambar zinare ga mata 63 kg category a wasannin hadin kan Musulunci na 2017 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Azerbaijan wrestlers finish in style |url=https://www.baku2017.com/en/news/azerbaijan-wrestlers-finish-in-style |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105123139/https://www.baku2017.com/en/news/azerbaijan-wrestlers-finish-in-style |archive-date=2018-01-05 |access-date=2018-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2017 |title=4th Islamic Solidarity Games - Women's 63 kg freestyle wrestling |url=https://baku2017results.azureedge.net/2017/05/21/18/33/03/fe10fba8-737f-4bca-964a-63c8e146f7a0/WRW263000_92A%201.0.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105070242/https://baku2017results.azureedge.net/2017/05/21/18/33/03/fe10fba8-737f-4bca-964a-63c8e146f7a0/WRW263000_92A%201.0.pdf |archive-date=5 January 2018 |access-date=4 January 2018}}</ref> &nbsp;Ta lashe lambar zinare a wasannin [[Gold Coast]] 2018 Commonwealth Games a cikin gwagwarmayar mata ta 68 kg, inda ta doke Danielle Lappage ta Kanada.&nbsp; Ta cancanci gasar cin kofin Olympic ta Afirka da Oceania ta 2021 don wakiltar Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2020 a Tokyo, Japan.<ref name="african_oceania_wrestling_tournament_results_book_2021">{{Cite web |title=2021 African & Oceania Wrestling Olympic Qualification Tournament Results Book |url=https://uww.org/sites/default/files/2021-04/final-book.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210505200512/https://uww.org/sites/default/files/2021-04/final-book.pdf |archive-date=5 May 2021 |access-date=5 May 2021 |website=United World Wrestling}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2021, ta lashe lambar azurfa a taron da ta yi a 2021 Poland Open da aka gudanar a Warsaw, Poland.<ref name="uww_poland_open_results_book_2021">{{Cite web |title=2021 Poland Open Results Book |url=https://uww.org/sites/default/files/2021-06/results_06_warsaw.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210704164819/https://uww.org/sites/default/files/2021-06/results_06_warsaw.pdf |archive-date=4 July 2021 |access-date=4 July 2021 |website=United World Wrestling}}</ref> A ranar 3 ga watan Agustan 2021, ta lashe lambar azurfa a tseren mata na 68 kg bayan da ta sha kashi a hannun Tamyra Mensah-Stock ta Amurka 4-1 a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamyra Mensah-Stock Takes Gold in Wrestling |url=https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/sports/tokyo-summer-olympics/us-wrestler-tamyra-mensah-stock-going-for-gold/2577857/ |access-date=2021-08-03 |website=NBC Chicago |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamyra Mensah-Stock wins women's freestyle 68kg |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/golden-night-for-tamyra-mensah-stock-in-women-s-freestyle-68kg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803200519/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/golden-night-for-tamyra-mensah-stock-in-women-s-freestyle-68kg |archive-date=3 August 2021 |access-date=2021-08-03 |website=Tokyo 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Former Olympic champion charges Oborududu to forget 'guaranteed silver' and go for gold |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/former-olympic-champion-charges-oborodudu-to-forget-guaranteed-silver-and-go-for-gold/ |access-date=2021-08-03 |website=guardian.ng |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-08-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802165457/https://guardian.ng/sport/former-olympic-champion-charges-oborodudu-to-forget-guaranteed-silver-and-go-for-gold/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kuma zama 'yar Najeriya ta farko da ta lashe lambar yabo ta Olympics a kokawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-03 |title=[BREAKING] Tokyo Olympics: Wrestler Oborududu makes history, wins Nigeria's first silver |url=https://punchng.com/breaking-tokyo-olympics-wrestler-oborududu-makes-history-wins-nigerias-first-silver/ |access-date=2021-08-03 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0"/> Ta kuma lashe lambar azurfa ta farko ta Najeriya a gasar Olympics ta Tokyo. A shekara ta 2022, ta lashe lambar zinare a gasar kilo 68 a Gasar Yasar Dogu da aka gudanar a Istanbul, Turkiyya.<ref name="yasar_dogu_vehbi_emre_hampit_kaplan_results_book_2022">{{Cite web |title=2022 Yasar Dogu, Vehbi Emre & Hamit Kaplan Tournament Results Book |url=https://cdn.uww.org/s3fs-public/2022-03/final-book-ranking-series-istambul-2022-light.pdf?VersionId=BMipbXFVxzXXeonWOfeVdKVeNlWlxYzt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302085143/https://cdn.uww.org/s3fs-public/2022-03/final-book-ranking-series-istambul-2022-light.pdf?VersionId=BMipbXFVxzXXeonWOfeVdKVeNlWlxYzt |archive-date=2 March 2022 |access-date=2 March 2022 |website=United World Wrestling}}</ref> &nbsp;ta hanyar doke takwaransa Meerim Zhumanazarova daga [[Kirgistan|Kyrgyzstan]] 3-2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vinay |title=#WrestleIstanbul: Oborududu Wins 68kg Gold; Tynybekova stunned |url=https://uww.org/article/wrestleistanbul-oborududu-wins-68kg-gold-tynybekova-stunned |access-date=2022-03-25 |website=United World Wrestling |language=English}}</ref> Ta lashe lambar zinare a taron da ta yi a gasar zakarun Afirka ta 2022 da aka gudanar a El Jadida, Morocco . <ref name="results_book_african_wrestling_championships_2022">{{Cite web |title=2022 African Wrestling Championships Results Book |url=https://cdn.uww.org/s3fs-public/2022-05/2022_african_championships_fianl_book.pdf?VersionId=PYd6pUvzQuShQSFaC65kY4NpHER5J7cS |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522205433/https://cdn.uww.org/s3fs-public/2022-05/2022_african_championships_fianl_book.pdf?VersionId=PYd6pUvzQuShQSFaC65kY4NpHER5J7cS |archive-date=22 May 2022 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=United World Wrestling}}</ref> Wata daya bayan haka, ta lashe daya daga cikin lambobin tagulla a taron da ta yi a Matteo Pellicone Ranking Series 2022 da aka gudanar a Roma, Italiya.<ref name="results_book_matteo_pellicone_ranking_series_2022">{{Cite web |title=Matteo Pellicone Ranking Series 2022 Results Book |url=https://cdn.uww.org/s3fs-public/2022-06/final-book-matteo_pellicone.pdf?VersionId=qzK3za9J0rNgcVjK8V3USdzHshFpyOIW |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625194934/https://cdn.uww.org/s3fs-public/2022-06/final-book-matteo_pellicone.pdf?VersionId=qzK3za9J0rNgcVjK8V3USdzHshFpyOIW |archive-date=25 June 2022 |access-date=25 June 2022 |website=United World Wrestling}}</ref> Ta lashe lambar zinare a gasar mata ta 68 kg a Wasannin Commonwealth na 2022 da aka gudanar a Birmingham, Ingila. <ref name="wrestling_competition_summary_commonwealth_games_2022">{{Cite web |title=Wrestling Competition Summary |url=https://b2022-pdf.microplustimingservices.com/WRE/2022-08-06/WRE-------------------------------__C96_1.0.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220806191350/https://b2022-pdf.microplustimingservices.com/WRE/2022-08-06/WRE-------------------------------__C96_1.0.pdf |archive-date=6 August 2022 |access-date=6 August 2022 |website=2022 Commonwealth Games}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1989]] 3zyp06b6ylolvum3glrld8xppab928b 0 76757 549975 416498 2024-12-02T04:25:15Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549975 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Esther Obeng Dapaah''' (an haife ta a ranar 9 ga Mayu 1945) 'yar siyasar Ghana ce kuma lauya. &nbsp;Ta kasance memba na majalisa na mazabar Abirem a majalisa ta 5 ta jamhuriyar Ghana ta 4. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Results Parliamentary Elections |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2008/election.results.parliamentary.php |access-date=2020-07-09 |website=GhanaWeb |archive-date=2020-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024033152/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2008/election.results.parliamentary.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Esther Obeng Dapaah ta fito ne daga Nkwarteng, a [[Yankin Gabashi (Ghana)|Yankin Gabas]] Ghana . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2016-05-06 |title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Obeng Dappah, Esther (Ms) |url=http://ghanamps.gov.gh/mps/details.php?id=190 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506151334/http://ghanamps.gov.gh/mps/details.php?id=190 |archive-date=2016-05-06 |access-date=2020-07-09}}</ref> An haife ta ne a ranar 9 ga Mayu 1945.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ghana MPs - MP Details - Obeng Dapaah, Esther |url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=2621 |access-date=2020-07-07 |website=Ghana MPs}}</ref> Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin shari'a daga Cibiyar Ilimi ta Chelmer a Essex, [[Ingila]], a shekarar 1977. [1] Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin shari'a daga Lincoln's Inn a 1978 kuma daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Ghana a 1979. [1] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Members of Parliament {{!}} Parliament of Ghana |url=http://www.parliament.gh/parliamentarians/158 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201012716/http://www.parliament.gh/parliamentarians/158 |archive-date=1 December 2016 |access-date=2016-09-04 |website=Parliament Of Ghana}}</ref> == Aiki == Obeng Dapaah lauya ce ta sana'a.<ref name=":2"/> Ta yi aiki a cikin [[Landan]] Borough of Newham a matsayin Jami'in Tilasta Renta . [1]<ref name=":2" /> == Ayyukan siyasa == Ita mamba ce a sabuwar jam'iyyar kishin kasa . <ref name=":0"/> Ta yi aiki a karkashin [[John Kufuor|John Agyekum Kufuor]] a matsayin ministar filaye, dazuzzuka da ma'adinai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther Obeng Dapaah, Minister of Lands, Forestry, and Mines of Ghana |url=http://ourworldleaders.com/Ghana/Esther+Obeng/DAPAAH |access-date=2016-09-04 |website=ourworldleaders.}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=NPP MP Accuses Party Chair Of Sexual Assault |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/278310/npp-mp-accuses-party-chair-of-sexual-assault.html |access-date=2016-09-04 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Boateng |first=Michael Ofori Amanfo |title=Obeng-Dapaah makes humble demand |url=http://edition.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/200808/18919.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914120059/http://edition.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/200808/18919.php |archive-date=14 September 2016 |access-date=2016-09-04}}</ref> Ta kasance&nbsp;dan majalisar wakilai mai wakiltar mazabar Abirem a [[Ghana]]&nbsp;tun 2004. Ta taba zama shugabar kwamitin mata da yara kuma a halin yanzu&nbsp;memba na kwamitin tsarin mulki da shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Baubeng |first=Albert Benefo |date=19 June 2015 |title=NPP primaries: Affirmative action policy caused defeat of female MPs – Esther Obeng-Dapaah - News - Pulse |url=http://pulse.com.gh/news/npp-primaries-affirmative-action-policy-caused-defeat-of-female-mps-esther-obeng-dapaah-id3886042.html |access-date=2016-09-04 |archive-date=2016-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011100529/http://pulse.com.gh/news/npp-primaries-affirmative-action-policy-caused-defeat-of-female-mps-esther-obeng-dapaah-id3886042.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Larbi |first=Stephen Odoi |date=2015-06-19 |title=NPP Affirmative action policy cost defeat of sitting female MPs – Esther Obeng Dapaah |url=https://kasapafmonline.com/2015/06/19/npp-affirmative-action-policy-cost-defeat-of-sitting-female-mps-esther-obeng-dapaah/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161008175552/https://kasapafmonline.com/2015/06/19/npp-affirmative-action-policy-cost-defeat-of-sitting-female-mps-esther-obeng-dapaah/ |archive-date=8 October 2016 |access-date=2016-09-04 |website=Kasapa102.5FM}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Abirem MP awards scholarship to students |url=http://ghananewsagency.org/education/abirem-mp-awards-scholarship-to-students-49710 |access-date=2016-09-04}}</ref>&nbsp;Ta kasance mamba a majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Pan-Africa . == Zabe == An zabi Obeng Dapaah a matsayin memba na majalisa na majalisa ta 5 na jamhuriya ta 4 don mazabar Abirem a babban zaben Ghana na 2008. An zabe ta da kuri'u 13,319 daga cikin kuri'u 21,962 da aka jefa, daidai da 60.6% na jimlar kuri'un da aka jefa. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Esther Kirista ce kuma memba ce ta Cocin Fentikos . <ref name=":0"/> Ba ta da aure tare da 'ya'ya uku.<ref name=":2"/> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1945]] nd92okgast16f2ad6hklzic3zq436l2 0 76965 550416 409878 2024-12-02T11:34:32Z Maryamarh 29382 Gyara kalmomi da ƙa'idojin rubutu 550416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Iliass Bel Hassani,''' ( {{Lang-ar|إلياس بلحساني}} an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta 1992) [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne ɗan ƙasar Morocco wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari ga ƙungiyar Al-Jabalain ta Saudi Arabiya. <ref>[https://www.vice.com/nl/article/88an3p/iliass-bel-hassani-qatar Veel geld, luxe en tegenslagen: Dit was Iliass Bel Hassani in Qatar] vice.com</ref> == Aikin kulob == An haife shi a [[Rotterdam]], Bel Hassani ya fara wasansa na farko na ƙwararru don kulob din Sparta a watan Agusta, 2010 a kan RBC kuma an ba shi kyautar ''Gouden Stier'' (Golden Bull) Award don mafi kyawun ɗan wasa a cikin Eerste Divisie a watan Mayu 2012. <ref>[http://www.sparta-rotterdam.nl/2/12/9252/nieuws/ ILIASS BEL HASSANI WINT GOUDEN STIER] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107005038/http://www.sparta-rotterdam.nl/2/12/9252/nieuws/ |date=2017-11-07 }} - Sparta {{In lang|nl}}</ref> A lokacin da yake kungiyar ya zura kwallaye 16 a wasanni 75. A cikin Satumba, 2013, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru uku tare da zaɓi na hudu tare da Heracles . Ya sami ɗanɗanonsa na farko na ƙwallon ƙafa na Turai yana wasa a cikin 2016 – 17 UEFA Europa League don Heracles da ƙungiyar Portuguese Arouca . <ref>[http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2017/matches/round=2000790/match=2020415/postmatch/lineups/index.html# Match Report] - UEFA {{In lang|nl}}</ref> A ƙarshen Agusta, 2016, ya shiga AZ akan kwangilar shekaru biyar har zuwa 2021. <ref>[http://www.az.nl/nieuws/az-contracteert-bel-hassani/1 AZ contracteert Bel Hassani]{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} - AZ {{In lang|nl}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Disamba, 2018, an sanar da cewa Bel Hassani zai koma FC Groningen a matsayin aro har zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta bana. <ref>[https://www.fcgroningen.nl/nieuws/fc-groningen-huurt-bel-hassani-met-optie-tot-koop/2 FC Groningen huurt Bel Hassani met optie tot koop] (Dutch). FC Groningen. 24 December 2018.</ref> Ya sanya hannu kan PEC Zwolle a watan Yuli 2019. A ranar 28 ga Janairu, 2020, Al-Wakrah ya sanya hannu kan Bel Hassani na kakar wasa guda daga PEC Zwolle . <ref>[https://www.kooora.com/?n=890853&o=n3100445 Al-Wakrah is officially signed by Iliass Bel Hassani]</ref> A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2021, an sanar da cewa Bel Hassani ya rattaba hannu tare da RKC Waalwijk kan kwantiragin shekara guda, yana zuwa daga kulob din Emirati Ajman, inda ya shafe watanni shida da suka gabata. A ranar 8 ga Yuli 2023, Bel Hassani ya koma kulob din Al-Jabalain na Saudiyya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=رسمياً لاعب خط الوسط المغربي إلياس بلحساني جبلاوياً |url=https://twitter.com/aljabalainFC/status/1677796444911157251}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == An haifi Bel Hassani a cikin Netherlands ga iyayen zuriyar Moroccan. Ya yi karo da tawagar 'yan wasan U23 ta Morocco a cikin rashin nasara da ci 4-3 a hannun 'yan wasan Mexico U23 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mountakhab.net - Fiches de joueurs: Iliass Bel Hassani |url=http://mountakhab.net/www/modules/fiches_joueurs/fiche.php?id=491 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612142246/http://mountakhab.net/www/modules/fiches_joueurs/fiche.php?id=491 |archive-date=12 June 2010 |website=mountakhab.net}}</ref> == Kididdigar sana'a == {{Updated|match played 17 February 2018}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Iliass Bel Hassani » Club matches|url=http://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/iliass-bel-hassani/2/|website=worldfootball.net|access-date=18 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Soccerway|iliass-bel-hassani/148887|access-date=26 January 2018}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances and goals by club, season and competitions ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |KNVB Beker ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="5" |Sparta Rotterdam |2010–11 | rowspan="4" |Eerste Divisie |7 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |7 |1 |- |2011–12 |30 |5 |3 |3 |2{{Efn|Appearances in the [[2011–12 Eerste Divisie#Playoffs|2011–12 Eerste Divisie promotion play-offs]]}} |1 |35 |9 |- |2012–13 |33 |9 |2 |1 |4{{Efn|Appearances in the [[2012–13 Eerste Divisie#Playoffs|2012–13 Eerste Divisie promotion play-offs]]}} |1 |39 |11 |- |2013–14 |5 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |5 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !75 !16 !5 !4 !6 !2 !86 !22 |- | rowspan="5" |Heracles Almelo |2013–14 | rowspan="4" |Eredivisie |27 |2 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |30 |2 |- |2014–15 |31 |4 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |34 |4 |- |2015–16 |34 |8 |3 |2 |3{{Efn|Appearances in the [[2015–16 Eredivisie#Play-offs|Eredivisie European competition play-offs]]}} |0 |40 |10 |- |2016–17 |4 |1 |0 |0 |2{{Efn|Appearances in the [[UEFA Europa League|Europa League]]}} |0 |6 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !96 !15 !9 !2 !5 !0 !110 !17 |- | rowspan="3" |AZ Alkmaar |2016–17 | rowspan="2" |Eredivisie |25 |1 |4 |2 |7{{Efn}} |0 |36 |3 |- |2017–18 |3 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !28 !1 !4 !2 !7 !0 !39 !3 |- |Jong AZ |2017–18 |Eerste Divisie |7 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |7 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !206 !32 !18 !8 !18 !2 !242 !42 |} {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1992]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hlihf7ot98bkccg84o6lh87hdnrzztz 0 76996 549546 409833 2024-12-01T17:10:28Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:1.FC Union Berlin - 1.FC Kaiserslautern 0-0 (16788145076).jpg|thumb|Mohammed Amsif]] '''Mohammed Amsif''' ( {{Lang-ar|محمد أمسيف}} ; an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 1989) ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa]] ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin [[Mai tsaran raga|mai tsaron gida]] na Jamus 2. Bundesliga kulob din SV Wehen Wiesbaden . <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2022 |title=TORHÜTER UNTERZEICHNET BIS JUNI 2023 |url=https://svww.de/news/artikel/svww-nimmt-mohamed-amsif-unter-vertrag |access-date=13 December 2022 |publisher=SV Wehen Wiesbaden}}</ref> An haife shi a Jamus, ya wakilci [[Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta kasar Morocco|Maroko]] a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha biyu 2012, inda ya buga dukkan wasanninsu guda uku. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mohamed Amsif Bio, Stats, and Results |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/am/mohamed-amsif-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418094412/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/am/mohamed-amsif-1.html |archive-date=2020-04-18 |access-date=2017-11-21 |website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> Ya halarci Gesamtschule Berger Feld . <ref>{{Cite web |title=unsere erfolgreichsten Fussballschüler |url=https://www.gesamtschule-berger-feld.de/absolventen.aspx |access-date=25 July 2018 |website=Gesamtschule Berger Feld |publisher=Gesamtschule Berger Feld}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.fcaugsburg.de/cms/website.php?id=/index/saison1112/team.htm&pid=9 Mohamed Amsif] na fcaugsburg.de {{In lang|de}} * Mohamed Amsif [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1989]] 0wh3grznraa8gjrh6e5wo6cty7bd6ui 0 77417 550375 522103 2024-12-02T11:14:29Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550375 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tina Fey (18602931875).jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] [[Fayil:Tina Fey Muppets Most Wanted Premiere (cropped 2).jpg|thumb|Tina fey]] [[Fayil:Tina Fey in 2008.jpg|thumb|Tina fey]] Elizabeth StamaTina,"Tina" Fey (/fEɪ/; an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1970) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, 'yar wasan kwaikwayon, marubuciya, kuma furodusa. Fey ya kasance memba ne kuma babban marubuci na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Asabar da dare Live daga shekara ta 1997 zuwa shekarar 2006. Bayan ta tashi daga SNL, ta kirkiro sitcom na NBC 30 Rock a shekarun (2006-2013, 2020) da kuma sitcom na Netflix Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt (2015-2020), wanda ta kuma fito a ciki. Fey kuma an san ta da aikinta a fim, ciki har da Mean Girls (2004), Baby Mama (2008), Date Night (2010), Megamind (2010), Muppets Most Wanted (2014), Sisters (2015), Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (2016), Wine Country (2019), Soul (2020), A Haunting in Venice (2023), da Mean girls (2024). Fey ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin dan wasa a cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Chicago mai suna The Second City . Ta shiga Asabar Night Live (''SNL'') a matsayin marubuciya, daga baya ta zama babban marubuci kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo, ta bayyana a matsayin mai ba da labari a cikin ɓangaren Weekend Update kuma, daga baya, ta haɓaka hoto mai ban dariya na dan takarar mataimakin shugaban kasa na [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|Jamhuriyar Republican]] na 2008 Sarah Palin a cikin bayyanar baƙi na gaba. A shekara ta 2004, ta yi aiki tare kuma ta rubuta rubutun ga Mean Girls, wanda aka daidaitawa daga littafin taimakon kai na 2002 Queen Bees and Wannabes . Bayan barin SNL a shekara ta 2006, Fey ta kirkiro jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 30 Rock for Broadway Video, wani sitcom wanda ya danganta da abubuwan da ta samu a ''SNLSNL''A cikin jerin, Fey ta fito a matsayin Liz Lemon, babban marubucin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na fiction. A shekara ta 2011, ta fitar da tarihinta, Bossypants, wanda ya hau jerin masu sayarwa na New York Times na makonni biyar kuma ya ba ta Kyautar Grammy. A cikin 2015, ta kirkiro jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt . Fey kuma ta kirkiro waƙoƙin kiɗa Mean Girls, wanda aka fara a Broadway a cikin 2018, kuma ya ba ta Kyautar Tony. Daga baya ta daidaita samar da mataki a cikin Fim din kiɗa na 2024 mai suna. [[Fayil:Tina Fey by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] Fey ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da tara Primetime Emmy Awards, uku Golden Globe Awards, biyar Screen Actors Guild Awards, da bakwai Writers Guild of America Awards. Ta bayyana a cikin jerin Time 100 na mutane 100 mafi tasiri a duniya a cikin 2007 da 2009. A shekara ta 2008, kamfanin dillancin labarai na Associated Press ya ba Fey lambar yabo ta AP Entertainer of the Year don ra'ayinta na Sarah Palin a kan ''SNL''. A shekara ta 2010, an ba Fey lambar yabo ta Mark Twain don American Humor, ta zama ƙarami mafi karɓar kyautar. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Elizabeth Stamatina Fey a ranar 18 ga Mayu, 1970, a Upper Darby Township, Delaware County, [[Pennsylvania]] .<ref name="PeopleBio">{{Cite web |last=Mock |first=Janet |title=Tina Fey Biography |url=http://www.people.com/people/tina_fey/biography/0,,20227947,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110329232133/http://www.people.com/people/tina_fey/biography/0,,20227947,00.html |archive-date=March 29, 2011 |access-date=June 24, 2009 |website=[[People (magazine)|People]] |page=1}}</ref> Mahaifinta, Donald Henry Fey, tsohon soja ne na Yaƙin Koriya, mai kula da jami'a na Jami'ar Pennsylvania da Jami'ar Thomas Jefferson, kuma marubucin bayar da tallafi wanda ya tara dala miliyan 500 ga makarantu, asibitoci, da hukumomin sabis na jama'a ta hanyar shawarwari da roko kai tsaye. Bayan rasuwar mahaifinta, Fey ta kafa asusun tallafin karatu a cikin sunansa a alma mater, Jami'ar Haikali, don tallafawa tsoffin mayakan yaki da ke karatun aikin jarida.<ref name="grounded" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Inc. |first=Vraim Funeral Home |title=Obituary for Donald H. Fey – Vraim Funeral Home, Inc. |url=http://www.vraimfh.com/notices/Donald-Fey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423155933/http://www.vraimfh.com/notices/Donald-Fey |archive-date=April 23, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=Obituary for Donald H. Fey – Vraim Funeral Home, Inc.}}</ref> Mahaifiyarta, Zenobia "Jeanne" (née Xenakes), ma'aikaciyar dillali ce mai ritaya wacce ''An haife ta'' a Piraeus, Girka. [4]<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 22, 2020 |title=Tina Fey Celebrates Her 50th Birthday |url=https://www.thenationalherald.com/community_general_news/arthro/tina_fey_celebrates_her_50th_birthday-335137/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923124616/https://www.thenationalherald.com/community_general_news/arthro/tina_fey_celebrates_her_50th_birthday-335137/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=November 25, 2020 |publisher=[[The National Herald]]}}</ref> Kakar mahaifiyar Fey, Vasiliki Kourelakou, ta bar ƙauyen Girka na Petrina da kanta kuma ta isa Amurka a watan Fabrairun 1921. <ref name="findroots">{{Cite web |date=November 18, 2014 |title=Ancient Roots&nbsp;– Full Episode |url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/ancient-roots-full-episode/12704/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231072007/https://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/ancient-roots-full-episode/12704/ |archive-date=December 31, 2014 |access-date=November 20, 2014 |website=Episode transcript |publisher=[[Finding Your Roots]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Three Greek Americans trace their roots in popular US show |url=https://www.ellines.com/en/good-news/17468-treis-ellines-anazitoun-tis-rizes-tous-se-dimofili-ekpompi-tis-amerikis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420154848/https://www.ellines.com/en/good-news/17468-treis-ellines-anazitoun-tis-rizes-tous-se-dimofili-ekpompi-tis-amerikis/ |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |access-date=April 20, 2019}}</ref> Mahaifin Fey yana da asalin Ingilishi, Jamusanci da Scottish-Irish; daya daga cikin kakanninta na mahaifinsa shine John Hewson, mai kera masana'antar masana'antu ta Ingila wanda ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka tare da goyon bayan Benjamin Franklin, yana bawa Hewson damar buɗe masana'antar quilting a unguwar Kensington ta Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[11] Dangane da gwajin DNA na asali wanda jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Finding Your Roots suka shirya, kakannin Fey sune 94% na Turai, 3% na Gabas ta Tsakiya, da 3% daga Caucasus.[11] Tana da ɗan'uwa, Peter, wanda ya girme shi da shekaru takwas.[4] [[Fayil:TinaFey-byPhilipRomano.jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] Fey ya bayyana gamuwa da wasan kwaikwayo da wuri: {{Blockquote|I remember my parents sneaking me in to see ''[[Young Frankenstein]]''. We would also watch ''Saturday Night Live'', or [[Monty Python]], or old [[Marx Brothers]] movies. My dad would let us stay up late to watch ''[[The Honeymooners]]''. We were not allowed to watch ''[[The Flintstones]]'' though: my dad hated it because it ripped off ''The Honeymooners''.<ref name="avclub" /> I actually have a very low level of ''Flintstones'' knowledge for someone my age.<ref name="Whitty2004-04-25" />}} A lokacin da yake da shekaru 11, Fey ya karanta littafin Joe Franklin na Shekaru saba'in na Babban Fim Comedians don aikin makaranta game da wasan kwaikwayo. Ta girma tana kallon gidan ''Talabijin na Biyu'' kuma ta ambaci Catherine O'Hara a matsayin abin koyi. Fey ya tafi da laƙabi "Tina" tun yana ƙarami. Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Cardington-Stonehurst da makarantar sakandare ta Beverly Hills a Upper Darby . <ref name="walloffame">{{Cite web |title=Wall of Fame — Upper Darby High School: Tina Fey |url=http://www.udsd.k12.pa.us/alumni/wof_3.php?id=30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070723101758/http://www.udsd.k12.pa.us/alumni/wof_3.php?id=30 |archive-date=July 23, 2007 |access-date=November 17, 2007 |publisher=Upper Darby School District}}</ref> A makarantar sakandare, ta san tana da sha'awar wasan kwaikwayo.<ref name="avclub">{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Noel |date=November 1, 2006 |title=Interviews: Tina Fey |url=https://www.avclub.com/articles/tina-fey,14025/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129082450/http://www.avclub.com/articles/tina-fey%2C14025/ |archive-date=January 29, 2009 |access-date=November 17, 2007 |website=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref> Fey ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Upper Darby, inda ta kasance daliba mai daraja, memba na mawaƙa, kulob din wasan kwaikwayo, da ƙungiyar wasan tennis, kuma co-edita na jaridar makarantar, The Acorn. <ref name="stein" />] Ta rubuta rubutun jaridar satirical, The Colonel . Bayan kammala karatunta a shekarar 1988, Fey ta shiga Jami'ar Virginia, inda ta yi karatun rubuce-rubuce da wasan kwaikwayo kuma an ba ta kyautar Pettway.[3] Ta kammala karatu a shekarar 1992 tare da digiri na farko a fannin fasaha, tare da babban digiri a wasan kwaikwayo. ==Manazarta== [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1970]] ipmiuo58cypp9fzmnly2k4904t2wkyz 550377 550375 2024-12-02T11:15:59Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550377 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tina Fey (18602931875).jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] [[Fayil:Tina Fey Muppets Most Wanted Premiere (cropped 2).jpg|thumb|Tina fey]] [[Fayil:Tina Fey in 2008.jpg|thumb|Tina fey]] Elizabeth StamaTina,"Tina" Fey (/fEɪ/; an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1970) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, 'yar wasan kwaikwayon, marubuciya, kuma furodusa. Fey ya kasance memba ne kuma babban marubuci na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Asabar da dare Live daga shekara ta 1997 zuwa shekarar 2006. Bayan ta tashi daga SNL, ta kirkiro sitcom na NBC 30 Rock a shekarun (2006-2013, 2020) da kuma sitcom na Netflix Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt (2015-2020), wanda ta kuma fito a ciki. Fey kuma an san ta da aikinta a fim, ciki har da Mean Girls (a shekarar 2004), Baby Mama (a shekara ta 2008), Date Night (a shekarar 2010), Megamind (a shekara ta 2010), Muppets Most Wanted (a shekarar 2014), Sisters (a shekarar 2015), Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (a shekara ta 2016), Wine Country (a shekarar 2019), Soul (a shekara ta 2020), A Haunting in Venice (a shekarar 2023), da Mean girls (a shekarar 2024). Fey ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin dan wasa a cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Chicago mai suna The Second City . Ta shiga Asabar Night Live (''SNL'') a matsayin marubuciya, daga baya ta zama babban marubuci kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo, ta bayyana a matsayin mai ba da labari a cikin ɓangaren Weekend Update kuma, daga baya, ta haɓaka hoto mai ban dariya na dan takarar mataimakin shugaban kasa na [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|Jamhuriyar Republican]] na 2008 Sarah Palin a cikin bayyanar baƙi na gaba. A shekara ta 2004, ta yi aiki tare kuma ta rubuta rubutun ga Mean Girls, wanda aka daidaitawa daga littafin taimakon kai na 2002 Queen Bees and Wannabes . Bayan barin SNL a shekara ta 2006, Fey ta kirkiro jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 30 Rock for Broadway Video, wani sitcom wanda ya danganta da abubuwan da ta samu a ''SNLSNL''A cikin jerin, Fey ta fito a matsayin Liz Lemon, babban marubucin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na fiction. A shekara ta 2011, ta fitar da tarihinta, Bossypants, wanda ya hau jerin masu sayarwa na New York Times na makonni biyar kuma ya ba ta Kyautar Grammy. A cikin 2015, ta kirkiro jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt . Fey kuma ta kirkiro waƙoƙin kiɗa Mean Girls, wanda aka fara a Broadway a cikin 2018, kuma ya ba ta Kyautar Tony. Daga baya ta daidaita samar da mataki a cikin Fim din kiɗa na 2024 mai suna. [[Fayil:Tina Fey by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] Fey ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da tara Primetime Emmy Awards, uku Golden Globe Awards, biyar Screen Actors Guild Awards, da bakwai Writers Guild of America Awards. Ta bayyana a cikin jerin Time 100 na mutane 100 mafi tasiri a duniya a cikin 2007 da 2009. A shekara ta 2008, kamfanin dillancin labarai na Associated Press ya ba Fey lambar yabo ta AP Entertainer of the Year don ra'ayinta na Sarah Palin a kan ''SNL''. A shekara ta 2010, an ba Fey lambar yabo ta Mark Twain don American Humor, ta zama ƙarami mafi karɓar kyautar. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Elizabeth Stamatina Fey a ranar 18 ga Mayu, 1970, a Upper Darby Township, Delaware County, [[Pennsylvania]] .<ref name="PeopleBio">{{Cite web |last=Mock |first=Janet |title=Tina Fey Biography |url=http://www.people.com/people/tina_fey/biography/0,,20227947,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110329232133/http://www.people.com/people/tina_fey/biography/0,,20227947,00.html |archive-date=March 29, 2011 |access-date=June 24, 2009 |website=[[People (magazine)|People]] |page=1}}</ref> Mahaifinta, Donald Henry Fey, tsohon soja ne na Yaƙin Koriya, mai kula da jami'a na Jami'ar Pennsylvania da Jami'ar Thomas Jefferson, kuma marubucin bayar da tallafi wanda ya tara dala miliyan 500 ga makarantu, asibitoci, da hukumomin sabis na jama'a ta hanyar shawarwari da roko kai tsaye. Bayan rasuwar mahaifinta, Fey ta kafa asusun tallafin karatu a cikin sunansa a alma mater, Jami'ar Haikali, don tallafawa tsoffin mayakan yaki da ke karatun aikin jarida.<ref name="grounded" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Inc. |first=Vraim Funeral Home |title=Obituary for Donald H. Fey – Vraim Funeral Home, Inc. |url=http://www.vraimfh.com/notices/Donald-Fey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423155933/http://www.vraimfh.com/notices/Donald-Fey |archive-date=April 23, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=Obituary for Donald H. Fey – Vraim Funeral Home, Inc.}}</ref> Mahaifiyarta, Zenobia "Jeanne" (née Xenakes), ma'aikaciyar dillali ce mai ritaya wacce ''An haife ta'' a Piraeus, Girka. [4]<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 22, 2020 |title=Tina Fey Celebrates Her 50th Birthday |url=https://www.thenationalherald.com/community_general_news/arthro/tina_fey_celebrates_her_50th_birthday-335137/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923124616/https://www.thenationalherald.com/community_general_news/arthro/tina_fey_celebrates_her_50th_birthday-335137/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=November 25, 2020 |publisher=[[The National Herald]]}}</ref> Kakar mahaifiyar Fey, Vasiliki Kourelakou, ta bar ƙauyen Girka na Petrina da kanta kuma ta isa Amurka a watan Fabrairun 1921. <ref name="findroots">{{Cite web |date=November 18, 2014 |title=Ancient Roots&nbsp;– Full Episode |url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/ancient-roots-full-episode/12704/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231072007/https://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/ancient-roots-full-episode/12704/ |archive-date=December 31, 2014 |access-date=November 20, 2014 |website=Episode transcript |publisher=[[Finding Your Roots]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Three Greek Americans trace their roots in popular US show |url=https://www.ellines.com/en/good-news/17468-treis-ellines-anazitoun-tis-rizes-tous-se-dimofili-ekpompi-tis-amerikis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420154848/https://www.ellines.com/en/good-news/17468-treis-ellines-anazitoun-tis-rizes-tous-se-dimofili-ekpompi-tis-amerikis/ |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |access-date=April 20, 2019}}</ref> Mahaifin Fey yana da asalin Ingilishi, Jamusanci da Scottish-Irish; daya daga cikin kakanninta na mahaifinsa shine John Hewson, mai kera masana'antar masana'antu ta Ingila wanda ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka tare da goyon bayan Benjamin Franklin, yana bawa Hewson damar buɗe masana'antar quilting a unguwar Kensington ta Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[11] Dangane da gwajin DNA na asali wanda jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Finding Your Roots suka shirya, kakannin Fey sune 94% na Turai, 3% na Gabas ta Tsakiya, da 3% daga Caucasus.[11] Tana da ɗan'uwa, Peter, wanda ya girme shi da shekaru takwas.[4] [[Fayil:TinaFey-byPhilipRomano.jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] Fey ya bayyana gamuwa da wasan kwaikwayo da wuri: {{Blockquote|I remember my parents sneaking me in to see ''[[Young Frankenstein]]''. We would also watch ''Saturday Night Live'', or [[Monty Python]], or old [[Marx Brothers]] movies. My dad would let us stay up late to watch ''[[The Honeymooners]]''. We were not allowed to watch ''[[The Flintstones]]'' though: my dad hated it because it ripped off ''The Honeymooners''.<ref name="avclub" /> I actually have a very low level of ''Flintstones'' knowledge for someone my age.<ref name="Whitty2004-04-25" />}} A lokacin da yake da shekaru 11, Fey ya karanta littafin Joe Franklin na Shekaru saba'in na Babban Fim Comedians don aikin makaranta game da wasan kwaikwayo. Ta girma tana kallon gidan ''Talabijin na Biyu'' kuma ta ambaci Catherine O'Hara a matsayin abin koyi. Fey ya tafi da laƙabi "Tina" tun yana ƙarami. Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Cardington-Stonehurst da makarantar sakandare ta Beverly Hills a Upper Darby . <ref name="walloffame">{{Cite web |title=Wall of Fame — Upper Darby High School: Tina Fey |url=http://www.udsd.k12.pa.us/alumni/wof_3.php?id=30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070723101758/http://www.udsd.k12.pa.us/alumni/wof_3.php?id=30 |archive-date=July 23, 2007 |access-date=November 17, 2007 |publisher=Upper Darby School District}}</ref> A makarantar sakandare, ta san tana da sha'awar wasan kwaikwayo.<ref name="avclub">{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Noel |date=November 1, 2006 |title=Interviews: Tina Fey |url=https://www.avclub.com/articles/tina-fey,14025/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129082450/http://www.avclub.com/articles/tina-fey%2C14025/ |archive-date=January 29, 2009 |access-date=November 17, 2007 |website=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref> Fey ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Upper Darby, inda ta kasance daliba mai daraja, memba na mawaƙa, kulob din wasan kwaikwayo, da ƙungiyar wasan tennis, kuma co-edita na jaridar makarantar, The Acorn. <ref name="stein" />] Ta rubuta rubutun jaridar satirical, The Colonel . Bayan kammala karatunta a shekarar 1988, Fey ta shiga Jami'ar Virginia, inda ta yi karatun rubuce-rubuce da wasan kwaikwayo kuma an ba ta kyautar Pettway.[3] Ta kammala karatu a shekarar 1992 tare da digiri na farko a fannin fasaha, tare da babban digiri a wasan kwaikwayo. ==Manazarta== [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1970]] r5esx8vxpzdu5ejm0l237ne7vyw2fdl 550380 550377 2024-12-02T11:16:55Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tina Fey (18602931875).jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] [[Fayil:Tina Fey Muppets Most Wanted Premiere (cropped 2).jpg|thumb|Tina fey]] [[Fayil:Tina Fey in 2008.jpg|thumb|Tina fey]] Elizabeth StamaTina,"Tina" Fey (/fEɪ/; an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1970) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, 'yar wasan kwaikwayon, marubuciya, kuma furodusa. Fey ya kasance memba ne kuma babban marubuci na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Asabar da dare Live daga shekara ta 1997 zuwa shekarar 2006. Bayan ta tashi daga SNL, ta kirkiro sitcom na NBC 30 Rock a shekarun (2006-2013, 2020) da kuma sitcom na Netflix Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt (2015-2020), wanda ta kuma fito a ciki. Fey kuma an san ta da aikinta a fim, ciki har da Mean Girls (a shekarar 2004), Baby Mama (a shekara ta 2008), Date Night (a shekarar 2010), Megamind (a shekara ta 2010), Muppets Most Wanted (a shekarar 2014), Sisters (a shekarar 2015), Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (a shekara ta 2016), Wine Country (a shekarar 2019), Soul (a shekara ta 2020), A Haunting in Venice (a shekarar 2023), da Mean girls (a shekarar 2024). Fey ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin dan wasa a cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Chicago mai suna The Second City . Ta shiga Asabar Night Live (''SNL'') a matsayin marubuciya, daga baya ta zama babban marubuci kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo, ta bayyana a matsayin mai ba da labari a cikin ɓangaren Weekend Update kuma, daga baya, ta haɓaka hoto mai ban dariya na dan takarar mataimakin shugaban kasa na [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|Jamhuriyar Republican]] na shekarar 2008 Sarah Palin a cikin bayyanar baƙi na gaba. A shekara ta 2004, ta yi aiki tare kuma ta rubuta rubutun ga Mean Girls, wanda aka daidaitawa daga littafin taimakon kai na shekarar 2002 Queen Bees and Wannabes . Bayan barin SNL a shekara ta 2006, Fey ta kirkiro jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 30 Rock for Broadway Video, wani sitcom wanda ya danganta da abubuwan da ta samu a ''SNLSNL''A cikin jerin, Fey ta fito a matsayin Liz Lemon, babban marubucin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na fiction. A shekara ta 2011, ta fitar da tarihinta, Bossypants, wanda ya hau jerin masu sayarwa na New York Times na makonni biyar kuma ya ba ta Kyautar Grammy. A cikin shekara ta 2015, ta kirkiro jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt . Fey kuma ta kirkiro waƙoƙin kiɗa Mean Girls, wanda aka fara a Broadway a cikin shekarar 2018, kuma ya ba ta Kyautar Tony. Daga baya ta daidaita samar da mataki a cikin Fim din kiɗa na shekarar 2024 mai suna. [[Fayil:Tina Fey by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] Fey ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da tara Primetime Emmy Awards, uku Golden Globe Awards, biyar Screen Actors Guild Awards, da bakwai Writers Guild of America Awards. Ta bayyana a cikin jerin Time 100 na mutane 100 mafi tasiri a duniya a cikin 2007 da 2009. A shekara ta 2008, kamfanin dillancin labarai na Associated Press ya ba Fey lambar yabo ta AP Entertainer of the Year don ra'ayinta na Sarah Palin a kan ''SNL''. A shekara ta 2010, an ba Fey lambar yabo ta Mark Twain don American Humor, ta zama ƙarami mafi karɓar kyautar. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Elizabeth Stamatina Fey a ranar 18 ga Mayu, 1970, a Upper Darby Township, Delaware County, [[Pennsylvania]] .<ref name="PeopleBio">{{Cite web |last=Mock |first=Janet |title=Tina Fey Biography |url=http://www.people.com/people/tina_fey/biography/0,,20227947,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110329232133/http://www.people.com/people/tina_fey/biography/0,,20227947,00.html |archive-date=March 29, 2011 |access-date=June 24, 2009 |website=[[People (magazine)|People]] |page=1}}</ref> Mahaifinta, Donald Henry Fey, tsohon soja ne na Yaƙin Koriya, mai kula da jami'a na Jami'ar Pennsylvania da Jami'ar Thomas Jefferson, kuma marubucin bayar da tallafi wanda ya tara dala miliyan 500 ga makarantu, asibitoci, da hukumomin sabis na jama'a ta hanyar shawarwari da roko kai tsaye. Bayan rasuwar mahaifinta, Fey ta kafa asusun tallafin karatu a cikin sunansa a alma mater, Jami'ar Haikali, don tallafawa tsoffin mayakan yaki da ke karatun aikin jarida.<ref name="grounded" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Inc. |first=Vraim Funeral Home |title=Obituary for Donald H. Fey – Vraim Funeral Home, Inc. |url=http://www.vraimfh.com/notices/Donald-Fey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423155933/http://www.vraimfh.com/notices/Donald-Fey |archive-date=April 23, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=Obituary for Donald H. Fey – Vraim Funeral Home, Inc.}}</ref> Mahaifiyarta, Zenobia "Jeanne" (née Xenakes), ma'aikaciyar dillali ce mai ritaya wacce ''An haife ta'' a Piraeus, Girka. [4]<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 22, 2020 |title=Tina Fey Celebrates Her 50th Birthday |url=https://www.thenationalherald.com/community_general_news/arthro/tina_fey_celebrates_her_50th_birthday-335137/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923124616/https://www.thenationalherald.com/community_general_news/arthro/tina_fey_celebrates_her_50th_birthday-335137/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=November 25, 2020 |publisher=[[The National Herald]]}}</ref> Kakar mahaifiyar Fey, Vasiliki Kourelakou, ta bar ƙauyen Girka na Petrina da kanta kuma ta isa Amurka a watan Fabrairun 1921. <ref name="findroots">{{Cite web |date=November 18, 2014 |title=Ancient Roots&nbsp;– Full Episode |url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/ancient-roots-full-episode/12704/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231072007/https://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/ancient-roots-full-episode/12704/ |archive-date=December 31, 2014 |access-date=November 20, 2014 |website=Episode transcript |publisher=[[Finding Your Roots]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Three Greek Americans trace their roots in popular US show |url=https://www.ellines.com/en/good-news/17468-treis-ellines-anazitoun-tis-rizes-tous-se-dimofili-ekpompi-tis-amerikis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420154848/https://www.ellines.com/en/good-news/17468-treis-ellines-anazitoun-tis-rizes-tous-se-dimofili-ekpompi-tis-amerikis/ |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |access-date=April 20, 2019}}</ref> Mahaifin Fey yana da asalin Ingilishi, Jamusanci da Scottish-Irish; daya daga cikin kakanninta na mahaifinsa shine John Hewson, mai kera masana'antar masana'antu ta Ingila wanda ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka tare da goyon bayan Benjamin Franklin, yana bawa Hewson damar buɗe masana'antar quilting a unguwar Kensington ta Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[11] Dangane da gwajin DNA na asali wanda jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Finding Your Roots suka shirya, kakannin Fey sune 94% na Turai, 3% na Gabas ta Tsakiya, da 3% daga Caucasus.[11] Tana da ɗan'uwa, Peter, wanda ya girme shi da shekaru takwas.[4] [[Fayil:TinaFey-byPhilipRomano.jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] Fey ya bayyana gamuwa da wasan kwaikwayo da wuri: {{Blockquote|I remember my parents sneaking me in to see ''[[Young Frankenstein]]''. We would also watch ''Saturday Night Live'', or [[Monty Python]], or old [[Marx Brothers]] movies. My dad would let us stay up late to watch ''[[The Honeymooners]]''. We were not allowed to watch ''[[The Flintstones]]'' though: my dad hated it because it ripped off ''The Honeymooners''.<ref name="avclub" /> I actually have a very low level of ''Flintstones'' knowledge for someone my age.<ref name="Whitty2004-04-25" />}} A lokacin da yake da shekaru 11, Fey ya karanta littafin Joe Franklin na Shekaru saba'in na Babban Fim Comedians don aikin makaranta game da wasan kwaikwayo. Ta girma tana kallon gidan ''Talabijin na Biyu'' kuma ta ambaci Catherine O'Hara a matsayin abin koyi. Fey ya tafi da laƙabi "Tina" tun yana ƙarami. Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Cardington-Stonehurst da makarantar sakandare ta Beverly Hills a Upper Darby . <ref name="walloffame">{{Cite web |title=Wall of Fame — Upper Darby High School: Tina Fey |url=http://www.udsd.k12.pa.us/alumni/wof_3.php?id=30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070723101758/http://www.udsd.k12.pa.us/alumni/wof_3.php?id=30 |archive-date=July 23, 2007 |access-date=November 17, 2007 |publisher=Upper Darby School District}}</ref> A makarantar sakandare, ta san tana da sha'awar wasan kwaikwayo.<ref name="avclub">{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Noel |date=November 1, 2006 |title=Interviews: Tina Fey |url=https://www.avclub.com/articles/tina-fey,14025/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129082450/http://www.avclub.com/articles/tina-fey%2C14025/ |archive-date=January 29, 2009 |access-date=November 17, 2007 |website=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref> Fey ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Upper Darby, inda ta kasance daliba mai daraja, memba na mawaƙa, kulob din wasan kwaikwayo, da ƙungiyar wasan tennis, kuma co-edita na jaridar makarantar, The Acorn. <ref name="stein" />] Ta rubuta rubutun jaridar satirical, The Colonel . Bayan kammala karatunta a shekarar 1988, Fey ta shiga Jami'ar Virginia, inda ta yi karatun rubuce-rubuce da wasan kwaikwayo kuma an ba ta kyautar Pettway.[3] Ta kammala karatu a shekarar 1992 tare da digiri na farko a fannin fasaha, tare da babban digiri a wasan kwaikwayo. ==Manazarta== [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1970]] dl4va6d624edzojtkyzn3e9vzya8bac 550381 550380 2024-12-02T11:17:53Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Tina Fey (18602931875).jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] [[Fayil:Tina Fey Muppets Most Wanted Premiere (cropped 2).jpg|thumb|Tina fey]] [[Fayil:Tina Fey in 2008.jpg|thumb|Tina fey]] Elizabeth StamaTina,"Tina" Fey (/fEɪ/; an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1970) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka, 'yar wasan kwaikwayon, marubuciya, kuma furodusa. Fey ya kasance memba ne kuma babban marubuci na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na NBC Asabar da dare Live daga shekara ta 1997 zuwa shekarar 2006. Bayan ta tashi daga SNL, ta kirkiro sitcom na NBC 30 Rock a shekarun (2006-2013, 2020) da kuma sitcom na Netflix Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt (2015-2020), wanda ta kuma fito a ciki. Fey kuma an san ta da aikinta a fim, ciki har da Mean Girls (a shekarar 2004), Baby Mama (a shekara ta 2008), Date Night (a shekarar 2010), Megamind (a shekara ta 2010), Muppets Most Wanted (a shekarar 2014), Sisters (a shekarar 2015), Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (a shekara ta 2016), Wine Country (a shekarar 2019), Soul (a shekara ta 2020), A Haunting in Venice (a shekarar 2023), da Mean girls (a shekarar 2024). Fey ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin dan wasa a cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Chicago mai suna The Second City . Ta shiga Asabar Night Live (''SNL'') a matsayin marubuciya, daga baya ta zama babban marubuci kuma mai wasan kwaikwayo, ta bayyana a matsayin mai ba da labari a cikin ɓangaren Weekend Update kuma, daga baya, ta haɓaka hoto mai ban dariya na dan takarar mataimakin shugaban kasa na [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|Jamhuriyar Republican]] na shekarar 2008 Sarah Palin a cikin bayyanar baƙi na gaba. A shekara ta 2004, ta yi aiki tare kuma ta rubuta rubutun ga Mean Girls, wanda aka daidaitawa daga littafin taimakon kai na shekarar 2002 Queen Bees and Wannabes . Bayan barin SNL a shekara ta 2006, Fey ta kirkiro jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na 30 Rock for Broadway Video, wani sitcom wanda ya danganta da abubuwan da ta samu a ''SNLSNL''A cikin jerin, Fey ta fito a matsayin Liz Lemon, babban marubucin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na fiction. A shekara ta 2011, ta fitar da tarihinta, Bossypants, wanda ya hau jerin masu sayarwa na New York Times na makonni biyar kuma ya ba ta Kyautar Grammy. A cikin shekara ta 2015, ta kirkiro jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt . Fey kuma ta kirkiro waƙoƙin kiɗa Mean Girls, wanda aka fara a Broadway a cikin shekarar 2018, kuma ya ba ta Kyautar Tony. Daga baya ta daidaita samar da mataki a cikin Fim din kiɗa na shekarar 2024 mai suna. [[Fayil:Tina Fey by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] Fey ta sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da tara Primetime Emmy Awards, uku Golden Globe Awards, biyar Screen Actors Guild Awards, da bakwai Writers Guild of America Awards. Ta bayyana a cikin jerin Time 100 na mutane 100 mafi tasiri a duniya a cikin shekara ta 2007 da shekarar 2009. A shekara ta 2008, kamfanin dillancin labarai na Associated Press ya ba Fey lambar yabo ta AP Entertainer of the Year don ra'ayinta na Sarah Palin a kan ''SNL''. A shekara ta 2010, an ba Fey lambar yabo ta Mark Twain don American Humor, ta zama ƙarami mafi karɓar kyautar. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Elizabeth Stamatina Fey a ranar 18 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1970, a Upper Darby Township, Delaware County, [[Pennsylvania]] .<ref name="PeopleBio">{{Cite web |last=Mock |first=Janet |title=Tina Fey Biography |url=http://www.people.com/people/tina_fey/biography/0,,20227947,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110329232133/http://www.people.com/people/tina_fey/biography/0,,20227947,00.html |archive-date=March 29, 2011 |access-date=June 24, 2009 |website=[[People (magazine)|People]] |page=1}}</ref> Mahaifinta, Donald Henry Fey, tsohon soja ne na Yaƙin Koriya, mai kula da jami'a na Jami'ar Pennsylvania da Jami'ar Thomas Jefferson, kuma marubucin bayar da tallafi wanda ya tara dala miliyan 500 ga makarantu, asibitoci, da hukumomin sabis na jama'a ta hanyar shawarwari da roko kai tsaye. Bayan rasuwar mahaifinta, Fey ta kafa asusun tallafin karatu a cikin sunansa a alma mater, Jami'ar Haikali, don tallafawa tsoffin mayakan yaki da ke karatun aikin jarida.<ref name="grounded" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Inc. |first=Vraim Funeral Home |title=Obituary for Donald H. Fey – Vraim Funeral Home, Inc. |url=http://www.vraimfh.com/notices/Donald-Fey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423155933/http://www.vraimfh.com/notices/Donald-Fey |archive-date=April 23, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=Obituary for Donald H. Fey – Vraim Funeral Home, Inc.}}</ref> Mahaifiyarta, Zenobia "Jeanne" (née Xenakes), ma'aikaciyar dillali ce mai ritaya wacce ''An haife ta'' a Piraeus, Girka. [4]<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 22, 2020 |title=Tina Fey Celebrates Her 50th Birthday |url=https://www.thenationalherald.com/community_general_news/arthro/tina_fey_celebrates_her_50th_birthday-335137/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923124616/https://www.thenationalherald.com/community_general_news/arthro/tina_fey_celebrates_her_50th_birthday-335137/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=November 25, 2020 |publisher=[[The National Herald]]}}</ref> Kakar mahaifiyar Fey, Vasiliki Kourelakou, ta bar ƙauyen Girka na Petrina da kanta kuma ta isa Amurka a watan Fabrairun 1921. <ref name="findroots">{{Cite web |date=November 18, 2014 |title=Ancient Roots&nbsp;– Full Episode |url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/ancient-roots-full-episode/12704/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231072007/https://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/ancient-roots-full-episode/12704/ |archive-date=December 31, 2014 |access-date=November 20, 2014 |website=Episode transcript |publisher=[[Finding Your Roots]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Three Greek Americans trace their roots in popular US show |url=https://www.ellines.com/en/good-news/17468-treis-ellines-anazitoun-tis-rizes-tous-se-dimofili-ekpompi-tis-amerikis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420154848/https://www.ellines.com/en/good-news/17468-treis-ellines-anazitoun-tis-rizes-tous-se-dimofili-ekpompi-tis-amerikis/ |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |access-date=April 20, 2019}}</ref> Mahaifin Fey yana da asalin Ingilishi, Jamusanci da Scottish-Irish; daya daga cikin kakanninta na mahaifinsa shine John Hewson, mai kera masana'antar masana'antu ta Ingila wanda ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka tare da goyon bayan Benjamin Franklin, yana bawa Hewson damar buɗe masana'antar quilting a unguwar Kensington ta Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[11] Dangane da gwajin DNA na asali wanda jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Finding Your Roots suka shirya, kakannin Fey sune 94% na Turai, 3% na Gabas ta Tsakiya, da 3% daga Caucasus.[11] Tana da ɗan'uwa, Peter, wanda ya girme shi da shekaru takwas.[4] [[Fayil:TinaFey-byPhilipRomano.jpg|thumb|Tina Fey]] Fey ya bayyana gamuwa da wasan kwaikwayo da wuri: {{Blockquote|I remember my parents sneaking me in to see ''[[Young Frankenstein]]''. We would also watch ''Saturday Night Live'', or [[Monty Python]], or old [[Marx Brothers]] movies. My dad would let us stay up late to watch ''[[The Honeymooners]]''. We were not allowed to watch ''[[The Flintstones]]'' though: my dad hated it because it ripped off ''The Honeymooners''.<ref name="avclub" /> I actually have a very low level of ''Flintstones'' knowledge for someone my age.<ref name="Whitty2004-04-25" />}} A lokacin da yake da shekaru 11, Fey ya karanta littafin Joe Franklin na Shekaru saba'in na Babban Fim Comedians don aikin makaranta game da wasan kwaikwayo. Ta girma tana kallon gidan ''Talabijin na Biyu'' kuma ta ambaci Catherine O'Hara a matsayin abin koyi. Fey ya tafi da laƙabi "Tina" tun yana ƙarami. Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Cardington-Stonehurst da makarantar sakandare ta Beverly Hills a Upper Darby . <ref name="walloffame">{{Cite web |title=Wall of Fame — Upper Darby High School: Tina Fey |url=http://www.udsd.k12.pa.us/alumni/wof_3.php?id=30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070723101758/http://www.udsd.k12.pa.us/alumni/wof_3.php?id=30 |archive-date=July 23, 2007 |access-date=November 17, 2007 |publisher=Upper Darby School District}}</ref> A makarantar sakandare, ta san tana da sha'awar wasan kwaikwayo.<ref name="avclub">{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Noel |date=November 1, 2006 |title=Interviews: Tina Fey |url=https://www.avclub.com/articles/tina-fey,14025/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129082450/http://www.avclub.com/articles/tina-fey%2C14025/ |archive-date=January 29, 2009 |access-date=November 17, 2007 |website=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref> Fey ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Upper Darby, inda ta kasance daliba mai daraja, memba na mawaƙa, kulob din wasan kwaikwayo, da ƙungiyar wasan tennis, kuma co-edita na jaridar makarantar, The Acorn. <ref name="stein" />] Ta rubuta rubutun jaridar satirical, The Colonel . Bayan kammala karatunta a shekarar 1988, Fey ta shiga Jami'ar Virginia, inda ta yi karatun rubuce-rubuce da wasan kwaikwayo kuma an ba ta kyautar Pettway.[3] Ta kammala karatu a shekarar 1992 tare da digiri na farko a fannin fasaha, tare da babban digiri a wasan kwaikwayo. ==Manazarta== [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1970]] 9fq3gde0w3crimlo845dwji0nj1qf59 0 77476 549857 495207 2024-12-01T21:59:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549857 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Bernette Beyer 2017 01.jpg|thumb|hoton barnet]] '''Bernette Beyers''' (an haife ta a ranar 17 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1992) 'yar Afirka ta Kudu ce mai tseren keke.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://fitnessmag.co.za/face-fitness-2017/bernette-beyers/|title=Bernette Beyers {{!}} Fitness Magazine|work=Fitness Magazine|access-date=2017-12-13|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213144122/http://fitnessmag.co.za/face-fitness-2017/bernette-beyers/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta yi ikirarin zinariya a gwajin lokaci na 500m a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cyclingarchives.com/ritfiche.php?ritid=289782|title=African Championship, Track, Sprint, Elite (F) 2017|last=Archives|first=Cycling|website=www.cyclingarchives.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-13|archive-date=2017-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213144254/http://www.cyclingarchives.com/ritfiche.php?ritid=289782|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Ta fara aikinta na keke a shekarar 2013. A shekara ta 2015, ta lashe lambobin yabo shida a Gasar Cin Kofin Lardin Yammacin Cape . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bernette Beyers - SA’s upcoming trackie in Aigle {{!}} Cycling Direct |url=https://cyclingdirect.co.za/article/bernette-beyers-sa%E2%80%99s-upcoming-trackie-aigle |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325203913/https://cyclingdirect.co.za/article/bernette-beyers-sa%E2%80%99s-upcoming-trackie-aigle |archive-date=2017-03-25 |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=cyclingdirect.co.za |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Beyers, Maree take top honours at Omnium Champs {{!}} Cycling Direct |url=https://cyclingdirect.co.za/news/beyers-maree-take-top-honours-omnium-champs |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=cyclingdirect.co.za |language=en |archive-date=2017-12-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213144852/https://cyclingdirect.co.za/news/beyers-maree-take-top-honours-omnium-champs |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bernette ta shiga zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin duniya ta UCI Track Cycling ta 2016-17 wanda aka gudanar a [[Glasgow]], Scotland. A lokacin gasar, ta haɗu da haɗari kuma ta karye ƙashin kanta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Beyers on the track to recovery {{!}} Cycling Direct |url=https://cyclingdirect.co.za/article/beyers-track-recovery |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325203940/https://cyclingdirect.co.za/article/beyers-track-recovery |archive-date=2017-03-25 |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=cyclingdirect.co.za |language=en}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1992]] p995lrg8xjzljvf85fmv2m8jhh4td3t 0 77607 549895 517098 2024-12-01T23:24:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Charles Bassey.png|thumb|Charles Bassey]] '''Charles A. Bassey''' (an haife shi a watan Oktoba 28, 2000) ɗan wasan [[ƙwallon kwando]] ne na Najeriya don ƙungiyar San Antonio Spurs na ƙungiyar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBA). Ya buga wasan kwando na kwaleji don Western Kentucky Hilltoppers . Philadelphia 76ers ne ya tsara shi a cikin daftarin 2021 NBA . == Rayuwar farko == Bassey an haife shi ne a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Najeriya, inda ya buga [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|kwallon kafa]] har zuwa shekaru 12, yana da shekaru {{Convert|6|ft|1|in|m|2}} a lokacin. <ref> name="courier">{{Cite web |last=Estes |first=Gentry |date=February 14, 2018 |title=How one of the nation's top 2019 prospects, Charles Bassey, ended up playing in Louisville |url=https://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/preps/kentucky/2018/02/14/charles-bassey-2019-basketball-prospect-aspire-academy-louisville/327799002/ |access-date=June 19, 2018 |website=[[The Courier-Journal]]}}</ref> A wannan shekarun, wani matashin mai horar da ‘yan wasan [[kwallon kwando]] ya gano shi a lokacin da Bassey ke siyar da soyayyen kaza a gefen titi kuma sanye da fulp-flops wadanda suka yi masa yawa. <ref name="ujiri">{{Cite web |last=Rosser |first=Evan |date=October 11, 2015 |title=All Access: In Africa with Raptors GM Masai Ujiri |url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/basketball/nba/big-read-giant-steps-masai-ujiri-giants-of-africa/ |access-date=June 19, 2018 |publisher=[[Sportsnet]]}}</ref> <ref name="lex">{{Cite web |date=January 9, 2017 |title=Charles Bassey: From Selling Fried Chicken In Nigeria At Age 12 To Top Prospect In Four Years |url=http://www.lex18.com/story/34215173/charles-bassey-from-selling-fried-chicken-in-nigeria-at-age-12-to-top-prospect-in-four-years |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618232811/http://www.lex18.com/story/34215173/charles-bassey-from-selling-fried-chicken-in-nigeria-at-age-12-to-top-prospect-in-four-years |archive-date=June 18, 2018 |access-date=June 19, 2018 |publisher=[[WLEX-TV|lex18]]}}</ref> Ya daina buga ƙwallon ƙafa ba da daɗewa ba, maimakon haka ya mai da hankali kan haɓaka ƙwarewar ƙwallon kwando. A lokacin yana da shekaru 14, Bassey an nada shi dan wasa mafi daraja (MVP) na sansanin kwando Kattai na Afirka, shirin da babban jami'in Toronto Raptors Masai Ujiri ya kafa. <ref name="ujiri" /> <ref name="freshman">{{Cite web |last=Hickman |first=Jason |date=November 20, 2015 |title=6-foot-10 Nigerian import Charles Bassey could be high school basketball's best freshman |url=http://www.maxpreps.com/news/OMSa5fcCQUeU-Z2-xxVbTQ/video-photos--6-foot-10-nigerian-import-charles-bassey-could-be-high-school-basketball%E2%80%99s-best-freshman.htm |access-date=June 19, 2018 |publisher=[[MaxPreps]]}}</ref> == Aikin makarantar sakandare == A lokacin 14, Bassey ya tsaya {{Convert|6|ft|10|in|m|2}} kuma ya koma Amurka don ci gaba da wasan kwando a makarantar St. Anthony Catholic High School, makaranta mai zaman kansa a [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] . <ref name="sporting">{{Cite web |last=Hille |first=Bob |date=June 14, 2018 |title=5-star C Charles Bassey commits to WKU, reclassifies to class of 2018 |url=http://www.sportingnews.com/ncaa-basketball/news/charles-bassey-western-kentucky-5-star-center-commits-reclassifies-2018/1m66gxyf4cckf1v8jl85tntac4 |access-date=June 20, 2018 |publisher=[[Sporting News]] |archive-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623005036/http://www.sportingnews.com/ncaa-basketball/news/charles-bassey-western-kentucky-5-star-center-commits-reclassifies-2018/1m66gxyf4cckf1v8jl85tntac4 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A lokacin, daukar manazarta sun dauke shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawu a cikin ajinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Burlison |first=Frank |date=November 12, 2015 |title=My Top 35, and more, Pangos Frosh/Soph wrap-up |url=http://www.burlisononbasketball.com/2015/11/charles-bassey-tops-pangos-all-froshsoph-selections/ |access-date=June 20, 2018 |publisher=Burlison on Basketball}}</ref> <ref name="express">{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Buck |date=October 31, 2015 |title=The next Shaq? Road runs through San Antonio again |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/columnists/buck_harvey/article/The-next-Shaq-Road-runs-through-San-Antonio-again-6603166.php |access-date=June 20, 2018 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}</ref> A matsayinsa na sabon ɗan wasa, Bassey ya sami maki 20.2, 17.1 rebounds da 5.9 tubalan kowane wasa, yana jagorantar ƙungiyarsa zuwa wasan taken Texas Association of Private and Parochial Schools (TAPPS). <ref name="moveover">{{Cite web |last=Harris |first=Don |date=February 26, 2016 |title=Move over Shaq, meet San Antonio's next basketball superstar |url=http://news4sanantonio.com/sports/high-school/move-over-shaq-meet-san-antonios-next-basketball-superstar |access-date=June 20, 2018 |publisher=[[WOAI-TV]]}}</ref> <ref name="ticket">{{Cite web |last=Zuvanich |first=Adam |date=June 23, 2017 |title=Ticket to the top |url=https://www.expressnews.com/st-anthony-basketball-ticket-to-top/ |access-date=June 20, 2018 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}</ref> Bassey ya yi takara a cikin Jordan Brand Classic International Game, inda aka ba shi suna MVP. <ref name="jordanbrand">{{Cite web |last=Halley |first=Jim |date=April 15, 2016 |title=Nigerian Charles Bassey makes up for late start, lifts Black team in International game at Jordan Classic |url=http://usatodayhss.com/2016/charles-bassey-r-j-barrett-montverde-academy-st-anthony-jordan-brand-classic |access-date=June 20, 2018 |publisher=USA Today High School Sports}}</ref> Kafin kakar wasansa na biyu, TAPPS ta yanke hukuncin cewa Bassey bai cancanta ba, tare da St. Anthony ya shigar da kara. <ref name="ineligible">{{Cite web |last=Bossi |first=Eric |date=November 17, 2016 |title=Nation's top sophomore Charles Bassey ruled ineligible |url=https://basketballrecruiting.rivals.com/news/nation-s-top-sophomore-charles-bassey-ruled-ineligible |access-date=June 22, 2018 |publisher=[[Rivals.com|Rivals]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Zuvanich |first=Adam |date=November 18, 2016 |title=St. Anthony names ineligible players, awaits response from TAPPS |url=https://blog.mysanantonio.com/hssports/2016/11/boys-basketball-st-anthony-names-ineligible-players-awaits-response-from-tapps/ |access-date=June 22, 2018 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]] |archive-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623005226/https://blog.mysanantonio.com/hssports/2016/11/boys-basketball-st-anthony-names-ineligible-players-awaits-response-from-tapps/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Har yanzu ya buga wasansa na farko a kakar wasa, kuma an kori kociyan kungiyar Jeff Merritt saboda buga dan wasan da bai cancanta ba. <ref name="coach">{{Cite web |last=Zuvanich |first=Adam |date=December 1, 2016 |title=St. Anthony fires coach for playing ineligible Bassey |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/high_school/high_school_basketball/article/St-Anthony-fires-coach-for-playing-ineligible-10659843.php?t=f40935eb0fbc83a41f |access-date=June 22, 2018 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}</ref> St. Anthony ya janye daga TAPPS kuma ya shiga Texas Christian Athletic League, ya ba Bassey damar sake cancanta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marquez |first=RJ |date=December 6, 2016 |title=Charles Bassey, other players now eligible as St. Anthony HS leaves TAPPS |url=https://www.ksat.com/sports/charles-bassey-other-ineligible-players-to-return-as-st-anthony-hs-leaves-tapps |access-date=June 22, 2018 |publisher=[[KSAT-TV|KSAT]]}}</ref> Don ƙaramar kakarsa, Bassey ya koma DeSales High School a Louisville, Kentucky kuma ya fara buga ƙwallon kwando don Kwalejin Kwando na Aspire a Louisville. Ya yanke shawarar ne bayan da aka kori Hennssy Auriantal, mataimaki na shari'a kuma mataimakin koci a St. Anthony daga shirin. <ref name="auriantal">{{Cite web |last=Zuvanich |first=Adam |date=July 25, 2017 |title=St. Anthony coach Hennssy Auriantal dismissed after Charles Bassey controversy |url=https://www.mysanantonio.com/sports/high_school/high_school_basketball/article/St-Anthony-coach-Hennssy-Auriantal-dismissed-11342319.php |access-date=June 22, 2018 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}</ref> <ref name="aspire">{{Cite web |last=Zuvanich |first=Adam |date=August 26, 2017 |title=Boys basketball: Aspire Academy introduces former St. Anthony players |url=https://blog.mysanantonio.com/hssports/2017/08/boys-basketball-aspire-academy-introduces-former-st-anthony-players/ |access-date=June 22, 2018 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]] |archive-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623032748/https://blog.mysanantonio.com/hssports/2017/08/boys-basketball-aspire-academy-introduces-former-st-anthony-players/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A matsayinsa na ƙarami, ya sami matsakaicin maki 19.4 da sake dawowa 12.8 a kowane wasa. <ref name="borzello">{{Cite web |last=Borzello |first=Jeff |date=June 13, 2018 |title=Charles Bassey commits to Western Kentucky, reclassifies to 2018 |url=https://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/story/_/id/23785371 |access-date=July 28, 2021 |website=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> === Daukar ma'aikata === Bassey ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyi a cikin aji na 2018. A ranar 13 ga Yuni, 2018, ya koma aji na 2018 kuma ya himmatu wajen buga kwando na kwaleji don Western Kentucky . {{College athlete recruit start|collapse=no|year=2018}} {{College athlete recruit entry|40=|recruit=Charles Bassey|position=[[Center (basketball)|C]]|hometown=[[Lagos, Nigeria]]|highschool=Aspire Academy (KY)|feet=6|inches=10|weight=220|commitdate=June 13, 2018|scout stars=|rivals stars=5|247 stars=5|espn stars=5|espn grade=92}} {{College athlete recruit end|40=|year=2018|rivals ref title=Western Kentucky 2018 Basketball Commitments|scout ref title=|espn ref title=2018 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers Recruiting Class|247 school=|rivals school=westernkentucky|scout s=|espn schoolid=98|scout overall=|rivals overall=9|247 overall=9|espn overall=18|accessdate=January 14, 2018|bball=yes}} == Aikin koleji == A kan Nuwamba 18, 2018, Bassey ya rubuta sabon kakar-mafi girman maki 25 da sake dawowa 10 a cikin asarar 78 – 62 zuwa UCF . <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 18, 2018 |title=UCF beats WKU 78-62 for Myrtle Beach title |url=https://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/recap?gameId=401096897 |access-date=July 28, 2021 |publisher=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> A ranar 31 ga Janairu, 2019, ya buga maki 22 da sake dawowa 18, mafi yawan koma bayan wani sabon dan Western Kentucky tun 1972. <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 4, 2019 |title=Surging Bassey Wins Sixth C-USA Freshman of the Week Award |url=https://wkusports.com/news/2019/2/4/mens-basketball-surging-bassey-wins-sixth-c-usa-freshman-of-the-week-award.aspx |access-date=July 28, 2021 |website=Western Kentucky University Athletics}}</ref> A matsayin sabon ɗan wasa, Bassey ya ƙaddamar da maki 14.6, 10 rebounds da 2.4 tubalan kowane wasa, yana samun Teamungiyar Farko Duk- Taro Amurka, Mai Karewa na Shekara da Freshman na Year girmama. Ya rubuta mafi yawan koma baya, tubalan da ninki biyu ta wani sabo a tarihin shirin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stephens |first=Brad |date=January 25, 2019 |title=Bassey climbing up Hilltopper freshman record lists |url=https://www.bgdailynews.com/sports/wku/bassey-climbing-up-hilltopper-freshman-record-lists/article_2fa62486-9c4a-5ef7-999f-f347f6b3a1f5.html |access-date=July 28, 2021 |website=[[The Daily News (Kentucky)|The Daily News]] |archive-date=July 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728174321/https://www.bgdailynews.com/sports/wku/bassey-climbing-up-hilltopper-freshman-record-lists/article_2fa62486-9c4a-5ef7-999f-f347f6b3a1f5.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bassey's season sophomore ya gajarta sakamakon karayar tibial plateau da ya sha a kan Arkansas wanda ya bukaci tiyata. Ta hanyar wasanni 10, yana matsakaicin maki 15.3, 9.2 rebounds da 1.6 tubalan kowane wasa. A ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2020, Bassey ya rubuta maki 21, sake dawowa 14 da babban aiki-bakwai bakwai a cikin nasara da ci 75–69 akan Memphis . <ref>{{Cite web |last=MacDonald |first=Jared |date=November 26, 2020 |title=Bassey's Back: Hilltoppers beat Memphis to advance to Crossover Classic final |url=https://www.bgdailynews.com/sports/wku/basseys-back-hilltoppers-beat-memphis-to-advance-to-crossover-classic-final/article_fad7a38e-d7ae-55f8-930e-733cf7126d84.html |access-date=December 2, 2020 |website=[[The Daily News (Kentucky)|The Daily News]] |archive-date=November 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127222121/https://www.bgdailynews.com/sports/wku/basseys-back-hilltoppers-beat-memphis-to-advance-to-crossover-classic-final/article_fad7a38e-d7ae-55f8-930e-733cf7126d84.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Disamba, yana da babban aiki-maki 29 da sake komawa 14 a cikin nasara 86–84 akan Gardner – Webb . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kim |first=David J. |date=December 10, 2020 |title=Charles Bassey scores career-high 29 points, helps WKU escape Gardner-Webb with a win |url=https://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/college/basketball/2020/12/10/western-kentucky-basketball-charles-bassey-career-high-fuels-win/3849277001/ |access-date=July 28, 2021 |website=[[The Courier-Journal]]}}</ref> A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 2020–21 na yau da kullun, an nada shi a matsayin Gwarzon Dan Wasan Amurka na Shekara, yayin da yake maimaita matsayin Gwarzon Dan wasan Kare na shekara. Ya samu maki 17.6 a kowane wasa, 11.6 rebounds da 3.1 tubalan kowane wasa. Bayan kakar wasa, ya ayyana don daftarin NBA na 2021, ya bar sauran cancantarsa na kwaleji. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Givony |first=Jonathan |date=April 1, 2021 |title=Western Kentucky center Charles Bassey entering 2021 NBA draft |url=https://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/story/_/id/31177611 |access-date=July 28, 2021 |website=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> == Sana'ar sana'a == === Philadelphia 76ers (2021-2022) === An zaɓi Bassey a zagaye na biyu na daftarin NBA na 2021 tare da zaɓi na 53 na Philadelphia 76ers, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Narducci |first=Marc |date=July 31, 2021 |title=Sixers second-round pick Charles Bassey willing to show he has a shot |url=https://www.inquirer.com/sixers/sixers-nba-draft-second-round-charles-bassey-20210731.html |access-date=August 3, 2021 |website=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]}}</ref> daga baya ya shiga su don gasar bazara ta 2021 NBA . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Philadelphia 76ers 2021 MGM Resorts NBA Summer League Roster |url=https://www.nba.com/summer-league/2021/vegas/team/1610612755/sixers |access-date=September 24, 2021 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> A ranar 24 ga Satumba, 2021, ya sanya hannu tare da 76ers. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 24, 2021 |title=76ers Sign Second-Round Pick Charles Bassey |url=https://www.nba.com/sixers/news/76ers-sign-charles-bassey |access-date=September 24, 2021 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> A ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 2022, 76ers sun yi watsi da Bassey. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pompey |first=Keith |date=October 13, 2022 |title=Sixers waive Charles Bassey and Isaiah Joe as they work to get roster to 15 players |url=https://www.inquirer.com/sixers/sixers-waive-charles-bassey-and-isaiah-joe-20221013.html |access-date=October 13, 2022 |website=The Philadelphia Inquirer}}</ref> === San Antonio Spurs (2022-yanzu) === A ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 2022, San Antonio Spurs sun sanar da cewa sun rattaba hannu kan Bassey zuwa kwantiragin hanyoyi biyu, lokacin raba lokaci tare da haɗin gwiwar Spurs' NBA G League, Austin Spurs . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pederson |first=Landon |date=October 24, 2022 |title=SPURS SIGN CHARLES BASSEY TO TWO-WAY CONTRACT |url=https://www.nba.com/spurs/news/spurs-sign-charles-bassey-to-two-way-contract |access-date=May 24, 2023 |website=NBA.com}}</ref> An nada shi zuwa wasan farko na G League na gaba na gaba don kakar 2022 – 23. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wolves' Garza And Ignite's Henderson Named Captains For NBA G League Next Up Game |url=https://gleague.nba.com/news/wolves-garza-and-ignites-henderson-named-captains-for-nba-g-league-next-up-game |access-date=March 8, 2023 |website=NBA G League}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 2023, Spurs sun canza yarjejeniyar Bassey zuwa kwangilar shekara hudu, dala miliyan 10.2. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haffner |first=Cassidy |date=February 14, 2023 |title=SPURS CONVERT CONTRACT OF CHARLES BASSEY |url=https://www.nba.com/spurs/news/spurs-convert-contract-of-charles-bassey |access-date=May 24, 2023 |website=NBA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dimmitt |first=Zach |date=February 14, 2023 |title=Spurs Sign Charles Bassey to New Deal: Full Details |url=https://www.si.com/nba/spurs/news/san-antonio-spurs-charles-bassey-sign-contract-gregg-popovich |access-date=February 14, 2023 |website=Sports Illustrated}}</ref> A ranar 14 ga Maris, 2023, yayin nasarar 132–114 akan Orlando Magic, ya sami rauni a gwiwar hagu. Kashegari, Spurs ta sanar da cewa Bassey ya kamu da karaya na kashin sa na hagu, ya kawo karshen kakarsa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Orsborn |first=Tom |date=March 15, 2023 |title=Charles Bassey's injury puts damper on Spurs' record-setting night |url=https://www.expressnews.com/sports/spurs/article/charles-bassey-injury-spurs-record-night-17839934.php |access-date=March 15, 2023 |website=San Antonio Express News}}</ref> A cikin Disamba 2023, Bassey ya yage ligament na gaba na hagu (ACL), da wuri ya ƙare wani kakar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stiner |first=Ben |date=2023-12-12 |title=BREAKING: San Antonio Spurs Player Ruled Out For Remainder Of Season |url=https://www.si.com/fannation/nba/fastbreak/injuries/breaking-san-antonio-spurs-player-ruled-out-for-remainder-of-season-charles-bassey]https://www.si.com/fannation/nba/fastbreak/injuries/breaking-san-antonio-spurs-player-ruled-out-for-remainder-of-season-charles-bassey |website=SI.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya isa Amurka yana ɗan shekara 14, mahaifiyar Bassey ta rasu. A lokacin, Bassey yayi tunanin komawa [[Najeriya]], amma mahaifinsa Akpan Ebong Bassey ya karfafa masa gwiwa ya zauna saboda dalilai na kudi. <ref name="express"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 11, 2018 |title=Nike Hoop Summit, World Team notebook: Florida commit Andrew Nembhard is a wizard with the ball |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/hoop-summit/index.ssf/2018/04/nike_hoop_summit_world_team_no.html |access-date=June 20, 2018 |publisher=[[OregonLive.com|OregonLive]]}}</ref> <ref name="custody">{{Cite web |last=Zuvanich |first=Adam |date=July 14, 2017 |title=St. Anthony coach wins custody battle over Bassey |url=https://www.mysanantonio.com/sports/article/St-Anthony-coach-wins-custody-battle-over-Bassey-11290027.php |access-date=June 22, 2018 |website=[[San Antonio Express-News]]}}</ref> [[Fayil:The big ticket item - geograph.org.uk - 2677589.jpg|thumb|Charles Bassey a cikin mutane ]] Kocin kwando haifaffen Kanada, Hennssy Auriantal, wanda ke tafiyar da ƙungiyar Yes II Success kungiyar da ke kawo 'yan wasa na duniya zuwa makarantu masu zaman kansu na Amurka, ya taimaka wajen kawo Bassey zuwa Amurka. <ref name="courier">{{Cite web |last=Estes |first=Gentry |date=February 14, 2018 |title=How one of the nation's top 2019 prospects, Charles Bassey, ended up playing in Louisville |url=https://www.courier-journal.com/story/sports/preps/kentucky/2018/02/14/charles-bassey-2019-basketball-prospect-aspire-academy-louisville/327799002/ |access-date=June 19, 2018 |website=[[The Courier-Journal]]}}</ref> <ref name="recruiter">{{Cite web |last=Klibanoff |first=Eleanor |date=June 22, 2018 |title=Louisville's Aspire Academy splits with partner school, controversial recruiter |url=https://wkuherald.com/sports/louisville-s-aspire-academy-splits-with-partner-school-controversial-recruiter/article_cf1f00f0-7629-11e8-a50a-9793d57e308e.html |access-date=June 22, 2018 |website=[[College Heights Herald]] }}{{Dead link|date=May 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A ranar 31 ga Maris, 2017, Auriantal da matarsa sun sami damar zama mai kula da Bassey. <ref name="custody" /> Daga baya mahaifin Bassey ya shigar da kara a sake bude shari’ar tare da baiwa dan wasan da ya shirya gasar kwallon kwando ta Najeriya John Faniran tsare a kan dansa, amma an yi watsi da karar saboda rashin tantancewa. <ref name="ticket" /> <ref name="custody" /> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 2000]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2dgtnpl8ojd0t4fuupdh4bh51wt46er 0 78440 549907 522109 2024-12-01T23:44:17Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Christopher Irene Imumolen''' (an haife shi ranar 5 ga watan Satumba 1983) shine Addo na Abaji, masanin ilimi, farfesa na jami'a, ɗan kasuwa na jerin gwano, ɗan kasuwa kuma ɗan Siyasar Najeriya.Shi ne wanda ya kafa Haɗin gwiwa Professional Training and Support International Limited (JPTS) da UNIC Foundation, ƙungiya mai zaman kanta, mai zaman kanta. Dan takarar shugaban kasa ne a dandalin jam’iyyar Accord Party, gabanin zaben shugaban kasar Najeriya a 2023. ==Tarihi== Imumolen dan asalin Esan West, Ekpoma ne a jihar Edo. Ya fara aikinsa a matsayin Injiniyan Shuka a BOC Gases Nigeria Plc a watan Fabrairun 2005. A 2009, ya ci gaba da kafa Joint Professional Training and Support International Limited (JPTS), kungiya ce ta ilimi wacce ta horar da kwararru 30,000+ da suka samu takardar shedar. An yaba da cewa tsohon Sanata Dino Melaye shima yana daya daga cikin tsofaffin daliban makarantar, bayan karramawar da aka yi masa. Shekaru bayan kafa JPTS, Imumolen, a ranar 14 ga Janairu, 2014, ya ci gaba da kafa Gidauniyar UNIC, karfafawa, da kuma shirin samar da aikin yi wanda ke tsara manufar tallafawa kasuwancin Najeriya miliyan hudu a kowace shekara tare da bayar da tallafi da bayar da tallafi da tallafin karatu ga matan da mazansu suka mutu da kuma dalibai bi da bi. Shi ne Shugaban Kamfanin Mai na Onshore Offshore Oil and Gas, sannan kuma an nada shi a matsayin Babban Mashawarcin Fasaha ga Gwamnatin Jihar Akwa-Ibom kan Al’amuran Man Fetur da Gas, ya kuma kasance Mashawarcin Tsaron Fasaha na NAPECO Kuwait. Shi ne wanda ya kafa Tsarin Dukiyar Duniya - saitin tsarin hanyar sadarwa na kasuwanci don ƙarfafa 'yan kasuwa a duniya tare da Membobi sama da 450,000. ==Manazarta== <ref>{{Cite web |title=2023: Renowned philanthropist, Prof Imumolen declares for Presidency |url=https://allcitynews.ng/2023-renowned-philanthropist-prof-imumolen-declares-for-presidency/ |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2024-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526101933/https://allcitynews.ng/2023-renowned-philanthropist-prof-imumolen-declares-for-presidency/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last1=Awunor |first1=Anthony |last2=THEWILL |date=2021-11-03 |title=JPTS Bags Best Training Institute Award, Honours Melaye |url=https://thewillnigeria.com/news/jpts-bags-best-training-institute-award-honours-melaye/ |access-date=2022-04-30 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ishau |first=Lukman |date=2019-05-15 |title=4 Million Nigerian Entrepreneurs To Benefit Annually From UNIC Foundation Business Grants |url=https://www.marketingspace.com.ng/4-million-nigerian-entrepreneurs-to-benefit-annually-from-unic-foundation-business-grants/ |access-date=2022-04-25 |website=Marketing Space l Brands and Marketing in Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} qt4qxn7gxot3vzv4w8j04gc52etc5dt 0 78444 550287 540116 2024-12-02T10:34:42Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1140514519|Joseph Itotoh]]" 550287 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri Joseph Odidi Itotoh''' (18 ga Mayu 1941 - 27 ga Satumba 2006) ya kasance shugaban kungiyar kwadago [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] kuma ɗan siyasa. An haife shi a [[Uromi]], Itotoh ya halarci Makarantar Sojojin Ceto, sannan Makarantar Katolika ta Tsakiya a [[Zariya|Zaria]], da Kwalejin Katolika ta Annunciation a [[Irrua]] . Ya zama malamin makaranta, ya fara aiki a makarantar Pilgrim Baptist Grammar School a [[Ewohimi]], sannan a matsayin shugaban a Kwalejin Kasa ta Edo a Iguobazuwa, sannan ya yi aiki a Kwaleji ta Immaculate Conception a Benin City. Daga 1978 zuwa 1981, ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Ibadan]], daga inda ya sami digiri na biyu.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}</ref> Itotoh ya shiga [[Kungiyar Malamai ta Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Malamai ta Najeriya]], kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugabanta daga 1980 har zuwa 1986, kuma daga 1981 a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Malamain Afirka. A shekara ta 1986, ya zama shugaban kungiyar World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Profession . <ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ "Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi"]. ''Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria''. 23 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Itotoh ya yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Koyarwa a [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Jihar Bendel]], sannan Kwamitin Ilimi a [[Edo|Jihar Edo]]. An nada shi Kwamishinan Ilimi na Jihar Edo tsakanin 1992 da 1995. A shekara ta 2005, an nada shi a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida. Ya yi rashin lafiya sosai a watan Fabrairun 2006 kuma ya tashi zuwa kasashen waje don magani. Ya koma Najeriya a watan Satumba kuma ya mutu jim kadan bayan haka.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ "Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi"]. ''Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria''. 23 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == <references /> {{S-start}} {{s-npo|union}} {{Succession box}} {{S-end}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2006]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1941]] f2l8y857gg5qz4fyhgauowr5jvoz732 550290 550287 2024-12-02T10:35:37Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550290 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Joseph Odidi Itotoh''' (18 ga Mayu 1941 - 27 ga Satumba 2006) ya kasance shugaban kungiyar kwadago [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] kuma ɗan siyasa. An haife shi a [[Uromi]], Itotoh ya halarci Makarantar Sojojin Ceto, sannan Makarantar Katolika ta Tsakiya a [[Zariya|Zaria]], da Kwalejin Katolika ta Annunciation a [[Irrua]] . Ya zama malamin makaranta, ya fara aiki a makarantar Pilgrim Baptist Grammar School a [[Ewohimi]], sannan a matsayin shugaban a Kwalejin Kasa ta Edo a Iguobazuwa, sannan ya yi aiki a Kwaleji ta Immaculate Conception a Benin City. Daga 1978 zuwa 1981, ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Ibadan]], daga inda ya sami digiri na biyu.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}</ref> Itotoh ya shiga [[Kungiyar Malamai ta Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Malamai ta Najeriya]], kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugabanta daga 1980 har zuwa 1986, kuma daga 1981 a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Malamain Afirka. A shekara ta 1986, ya zama shugaban kungiyar World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Profession . <ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ "Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi"]. ''Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria''. 23 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Itotoh ya yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Koyarwa a [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Jihar Bendel]], sannan Kwamitin Ilimi a [[Edo|Jihar Edo]]. An nada shi Kwamishinan Ilimi na Jihar Edo tsakanin 1992 da 1995. A shekara ta 2005, an nada shi a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida. Ya yi rashin lafiya sosai a watan Fabrairun 2006 kuma ya tashi zuwa kasashen waje don magani. Ya koma Najeriya a watan Satumba kuma ya mutu jim kadan bayan haka.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> {{S-start}} {{s-npo|union}} {{Succession box}} {{S-end}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2006]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1941]] bgn68o2maenbz3u1htsc6b558pssmb9 550291 550290 2024-12-02T10:36:14Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Joseph Odidi Itotoh''' (18 ga Mayu 1941 - 27 ga Satumba 2006) ya kasance shugaban kungiyar kwadago [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] kuma ɗan siyasa. An haife shi a [[Uromi]], Itotoh ya halarci Makarantar Sojojin Ceto, sannan Makarantar Katolika ta Tsakiya a [[Zariya|Zaria]], da Kwalejin Katolika ta Annunciation a [[Irrua]] . Ya zama malamin makaranta, ya fara aiki a makarantar Pilgrim Baptist Grammar School a [[Ewohimi]], sannan a matsayin shugaban a Kwalejin Kasa ta Edo a Iguobazuwa, sannan ya yi aiki a Kwaleji ta Immaculate Conception a Benin City. Daga 1978 zuwa 1981, ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Ibadan]], daga inda ya sami digiri na biyu.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}</ref> Itotoh ya shiga [[Kungiyar Malamai ta Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Malamai ta Najeriya]], kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugabanta daga 1980 har zuwa 1986, kuma daga 1981 a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Malamain Afirka. A shekara ta 1986, ya zama shugaban kungiyar World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Profession . <ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}</ref> Itotoh ya yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Koyarwa a [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Jihar Bendel]], sannan Kwamitin Ilimi a [[Edo|Jihar Edo]]. An nada shi Kwamishinan Ilimi na Jihar Edo tsakanin 1992 da 1995. A shekara ta 2005, an nada shi a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida. Ya yi rashin lafiya sosai a watan Fabrairun 2006 kuma ya tashi zuwa kasashen waje don magani. Ya koma Najeriya a watan Satumba kuma ya mutu jim kadan bayan haka.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> {{S-start}} {{s-npo|union}} {{Succession box}} {{S-end}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2006]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1941]] 4k7i6lnvrwmxc6o6vp67t9zhn8kxr32 550293 550291 2024-12-02T10:36:58Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550293 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Joseph Odidi Itotoh''' (18 ga Mayu 1941 - 27 ga Satumba 2006) ya kasance shugaban kungiyar kwadago [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] kuma ɗan siyasa. An haife shi a [[Uromi]], Itotoh ya halarci Makarantar Sojojin Ceto, sannan Makarantar Katolika ta Tsakiya a [[Zariya|Zaria]], da Kwalejin Katolika ta Annunciation a [[Irrua]] . Ya zama malamin makaranta, ya fara aiki a makarantar Pilgrim Baptist Grammar School a [[Ewohimi]], sannan a matsayin shugaban a Kwalejin Kasa ta Edo a Iguobazuwa, sannan ya yi aiki a Kwaleji ta Immaculate Conception a Benin City. Daga 1978 zuwa 1981, ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Ibadan]], daga inda ya sami digiri na biyu.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}</ref> Itotoh ya shiga [[Kungiyar Malamai ta Najeriya|Ƙungiyar Malamai ta Najeriya]], kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugabanta daga 1980 har zuwa 1986, kuma daga 1981 a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Malamain Afirka. A shekara ta 1986, ya zama shugaban kungiyar World Confederation of Organizations of the Teaching Profession . <ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}</ref> Itotoh ya yi aiki a Hukumar Kula da Koyarwa a [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Jihar Bendel]], sannan Kwamitin Ilimi a [[Edo|Jihar Edo]]. An nada shi Kwamishinan Ilimi na Jihar Edo tsakanin 1992 da 1995. A shekara ta 2005, an nada shi a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida. Ya yi rashin lafiya sosai a watan Fabrairun 2006 kuma ya tashi zuwa kasashen waje don magani. Ya koma Najeriya a watan Satumba kuma ya mutu jim kadan bayan haka.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Itotoh, Dr Joseph Odidi |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/itotoh-dr-joseph-odidi/ |access-date=7 December 2021 |website=Blerf's Who's Who in Nigeria}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nigerian minister dies |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/nigerian-minister-dies-20060929 |access-date=7 December 2021 |work=News24 |date=29 September 2006}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> {{S-start}} {{s-npo|union}} {{Succession box}} {{S-end}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2006]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1941]] ro7zhfv48g2uyq9nf7ccamrhcokd2hh 0 78462 549526 544017 2024-12-01T16:38:16Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:KUKU at Wilson centre.jpg|thumb|Kingsley Kuku]] [[Fayil:Kuku in suit.jpg|thumb|Kingsley Kuku]] [[Fayil:Kingsley kuku at the inauguration.jpg|thumb|kingsley kuku]] [[Fayil:Kingsley Kuku Abuja.jpg|thumb|kingsley kuku a abuja]] '''Kingsley Kuku,''' (an haife shi ranar 14 ga watan Fabrairu, 1970) ɗan Najeriya ne mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin muhalli da siyasa, mashawarci na musamman ga tsohon shugaban ƙasar Goodluck Jonathan na Najeriya kan harkokin Neja Delta kuma shugaban shirin afuwa na shugaban ƙasa. ==Tarihi== A zamaninsa na jami'a, ya taba zama dan gwagwarmayar dalibai, shugaban dalibai kuma wani jami'in hada kai na kungiyar daliban Najeriya na kasa. Ya shiga fafutukar ganin an dawo da mulkin dimokradiyya a Najeriya. Ya ci gaba da kasancewa majagaba a ci gaba da maido da zaman lafiya mai dorewa a yankin Neja-Delta na Najeriya. Kingsley Kuku bayan shigarsa da matasan kabilar Ijaw ya tsaya takara aka zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisar dokokin jihar Ondo sannan ya zama shugaban kwamitin majalisar na tsawon shekaru hudu. An nada shi a matsayin mai ba tsohon shugaban kasa Goodluck Jonathan shawara a shekarar 2011. A wannan shekarar ya kasance bako mai jawabi a Chatham House, cibiyar kula da harkokin kasa da kasa, inda ya gabatar da takarda. Ya samu kyaututtukan karramawa da dama a birnin Atlanta na kasar Amurka. <ref>NAN-H-105. "Presidency Sends Fund Request to Nass for Amnesty Programme, Others". News Agency of Nigeria. Archived from the original on 9 January 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2012.</ref> <ref> Newswire (19 December 2011). "Budget: NSA to spend N124bn, as amnesty gets N74bn". ASABA POST.</ref> <ref>Dan Onwukwe. "4 years of Amnesty in N/Delta: The pains, the gains". Sun Newspaper. Archived from the original on 24 June 2013. Retrieved 24 June 2013.</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} 6hylry4immv6id89lwhhs2cfqhk8cnn 0 79223 549508 494269 2024-12-01T16:06:17Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Marcus Aurelius Arch Tripoli Libya.jpg|thumb|tripoli]] [[Fayil:UOT Library 20131125.jpg|thumb|Jami'ar Tripoli]] '''Jami'ar [[Tripoli]] (UOT) ''' (Arabic), ita ce babbar jami'a a [[Libya]] kuma tana cikin babban birnin Tripoli. An kafa shi a shekara ta 1957 a matsayin reshe na Jami'ar Libya kafin a raba shi a 1973 don zama abin da yanzu ake kira Jami'ar Tripoli . [[Fayil:Tripoli at night sky.jpg|thumb|tripoli da dare]] == Digiri == Jami'ar tana ba da digiri na farko, digiri na biyu da digiri na biyu na karatu kuma tana ba da digirin da ke biyowa: * Takardar shaidar Tsakanin (Diploma) * Digiri na farko * Digirin lasisi * Digiri na Jagora * Digiri na Doctorate (PhD) {| align="center" style="border:1px solid #dddddd; background-color:#fefefe; padding:3px; margin:0px" |+ style="font-size: 100%" |'''Faculty na Jami'ar Tripoli''' | * Kwalejin Injiniya * Kwalejin Tattalin Arziki da Kimiyya ta Siyasa * Kwalejin Aikin Gona * Ma'aikatar Ilimi | * Kwalejin Fasahar Bayanai * Kwalejin Kimiyya * Kwalejin Shari'a * Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Wasanni da Ilimin Jiki | * Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya * Kwalejin Magungunan Dabbobi * Kwalejin Fasahar Kiwon Lafiya * Kwalejin Magunguna | * Kwalejin Harsuna * Kwalejin ilimin hakora * Kwalejin Fasaha * Kwalejin Fine Arts da Media |} === Kwalejin Kimiyya === An kafa Kwalejin Kimiyya a cikin 1957 tare da alaƙa da Jami'ar Libya ta lokacin a Kwalejin Sayarwa a Tripoli da aka kafa a cikin 1956. Ita ce kwalejin farko mai amfani a Libya a wannan lokacin, kuma ta haka ne ta zama abin da aka mayar da hankali ga ɗaliban Libya da ke neman digiri na jami'a. Ma'aikatar tana shirya kwararru a fannin kimiyya na asali da na aikace-aikace, kuma tana gudanar da bincike da karatu na kimiyya a fannoni daban-daban na kimiyya ==== Sashen ==== * Ma'aikatar ilmin sunadarai[[Kimiyya|Sanyen sunadarai]] * Ma'aikatar PhysicsIlimin lissafi * Ma'aikatar [[Lissafi]] * Ma'aikatar Zoology[[Zoology|Ilimin dabbobi]] * Ma'aikatar [[Botany]] * Ma'aikatar Geology[[Ilmin duwatsu|Ilimin ƙasa]] * Ma'aikatar Geophysics * Ma'aikatar Kimiyya ta YanayiKimiyya ta sararin samaniya * Ma'aikatar Kididdiga * Ma'aikatar Kimiyya ta kwamfuta === Kwalejin Aikin Gona === An kafa Faculty of Agriculture a ranar 27 ga Yuni 1966 a matsayin kwaleji da ke da alaƙa da Jami'ar Libya (wanda ke da nasa ikon da aka kafa a 1966) kuma ita ce ta biyu da aka kafa. Babban manufofin Faculty of Agriculture suna wakiltar shirya ƙwararrun injiniyoyin noma a fannoni daban-daban, yin bincike na noma, da samar da shawarwari da sabis na fasaha. ==== Sashen ==== Nazarin ilimi ya fara ne ta hanyar karatun aji na farko na dalibai arba'in da biyu a 1966/1967 ya rabu tsakanin sassan kimiyya guda uku: * Ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziki. * Ma'aikatar Rigakafi. * Ma'aikatar Amfanin Gona. * Ma'aikatar [[Soil and Water Sciences|Kimiyya ta ƙasa da ruwa]]. * Ma'aikatar Aljanna. * Ma'aikatar makiyaya da gandun daji. * Ma'aikatar Injiniyan Noma. * Ma'aikatar Aquaculture. * Ma'aikatar Samar da dabbobi. * Ma'aikatar Kimiyya ta Abinci. * Ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziki na Gida. A cikin 1971/1972 Ma'aikatar Kimiyya ta Abinci a Kwalejin Injiniya ta shiga Kwalejin Aikin Gona. Ma'aikatar samar da shuke-shuke ta kunshi rassa biyar: tattalin arzikin noma, aikin lambu, amfanin gona, kariya ta shuke-huke, da aikin injiniya. A shekara ta 1978 waɗannan rassan sun canza don zama sassan kuma an kara sassan biyu a cikin wannan shekarar (Sashen makiyaya da gandun daji da Sashen Tattalin Arziki na Gida). A cikin 1995 an kafa Sashen Hydroponics a cikin kwalejin kuma an kirkiro Sashen Al'adu na Siyasa a cikin 2002 wanda ya kawo jimlar adadin sassan a cikin kwaleji zuwa goma sha biyu, ban da babban sashen cewa ɗalibai suna da shekara ta farko kafin su shiga sassan kimiyya na musamman. === Kwalejin Injiniya === An kafa shi a matsayin Faculty of High Technical Studies a cikin shirin hadin gwiwar kimiyya da fasaha tare da [[UNESCO]]. Ita ce kwalejin injiniya ta farko da aka kafa a Libya. A shekara ta 1967, bangaren ya shiga Jami'ar Libya kuma an kira shi Faculty of Engineering. A cikin 1972; An kafa Faculty of Petroleum Engineering a Jami'ar Tripoli, tare da Faculty na Injiniya da Facult of Science a cikin 1973. Faculty of Engineering da sauran fannoni sune ainihin Jami'ar Tripoli. A shekara ta 1978, Kwalejin Injiniyan Nukiliya da Lantarki ta shiga jami'ar. A shekara ta 1985, an haɗu da Faculty of Petroleum Engineering tare da Facultation of Engineering bisa ga manufofin haɗa ƙwarewa da manyan cibiyoyi tare da cibiyoyin bincike na injiniya. A shekara ta 1988, an haɗa Kwalejin Injiniyan Nukiliya da Lantarki a cikin Kwalejin injiniya. Faculty of Engineering tana da babban matsayi a cikin aikin kimiyya. Dangane da wannan ci gaba, Faculty of Engineering ya yi canje-canje a cikin darussan ilimi da tsarin ilimi. Ma'aikatar Injiniya ta canza daga sassan hudu zuwa sassan goma sha huɗu don biyan bukatun al'ummar Libya da kuma cimma burinta da wahayinta. ==== Sashen ==== * Ma'aikatar [[Kwamfuta injiniyarin|Injiniyan kwamfuta]]. * Ma'aikatar Injiniya. * Ma'aikatar Injiniya da Masana'antu. ** Rarraba [[Mechanical Power|Ikon]] ** Sashe na [[Mechanical Industrial|Masana'antu]] ** Rarraba Aikace-aikacen[[Mechanical Applied|An yi amfani da shi]] * Ma'aikatar Injiniyan Lantarki da Lantarki. ** Rarraba IkonIkon ** Rarraba Gudanarwa ** Sashen [[Sadarwa]] * Ma'aikatar [[Karatun gine-gine|Gine-gine]] da Shirye-shiryen Birane. * Ma'aikatar Injiniyan Ruwa da Gine-gine na Ruwa. * Ma'aikatar Injiniyan Chemical. * Ma'aikatar Injiniyan ƙasa. * Ma'aikatar Injiniyan man fetur. * Ma'aikatar Injiniyan Ma'adinai. * Ma'aikatar [http://aerodept.edu.ly/ Injiniyan jirgin sama].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aeronautical Engineering Department |url=http://aerodept.edu.ly/ |access-date=10 April 2023 |website=aerodept.edu.ly |publisher=Faculty of Engineering |language=en}}</ref> * Ma'aikatar Injiniyan nukiliya. * Ma'aikatar Kayan aiki da Injiniyan ƙarfe. * Ma'aikatar Gudanar da Injiniya. (Na kammala karatu) == Tarihi == An kafa kwalejin farko na abin da ya zama Jami'ar Tripoli a 1957 a matsayin Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Jami'ar Libya . A cikin 1966 an kara Faculty of Agriculture, kuma a cikin 1972 Kwalejin Man Fetur da Ma'adanai. A shekara ta 1973, an raba Jami'ar Libya zuwa jami'o'i biyu masu zaman kansu. Dukkanin kwalejoji (faculties) da ke Tripoli sun shiga sabuwar Jami'ar Tripoli yayin da waɗanda ke [[Benghazi]] suka shiga sabuwar [[Jami'ar Benghazi]] (daga baya aka sake masa suna Jami'ar Garyounis). A shekara ta 1976 an sake sunan ''Jami'ar Tripoli'' ''Jami'ar ''Al Fateh'''' bayan tashin hankali na dalibai a watan Afrilu, 1976, inda daliban da ke goyon bayan gwamnati suka yi waƙar Al Fateh. <ref name="About">{{Cite web |title=عن الجامعة (About the University) |url=http://www.alfateh.edu.ly/sites/pageslist.aspx?page_topmenu=2&page_site=1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090614142046/http://www.alfateh.edu.ly/sites/pageslist.aspx?page_topmenu=2&page_site=1 |archive-date=14 June 2009 |publisher=Alfateh University |language=ar}}</ref> Jami'ar ita ce shafin da kungiyar dalibai (SU) ta yi a lokacin yakin Tripoli na watan Agustan 2011, wani bangare na Yaƙin basasar Libya na 2011. A shekara ta 2012, an sake sunan jami'ar daga Jami'ar al-Fateh zuwa sunan asali na Jami'ar Tripoli . == Muhimmancin siyasa ==   Bayan juyin mulkin [[Muammar Gaddafi|Gaddafi]] na shekarar 1969, jami'o'in Tripoli da [[Jami'ar Benghazi|Benghazi]] sun fuskanci matsin lamba daga gwamnatin Gaddafi. Tun daga farkon shekarun 1970s an rage ayyukan siyasa sosai kuma a ƙarshen shekarun 1970s, Gaddafi ya umarci mabiyansa da su kama duk wani dalibi ko ma'aikatan da suka yi tsayayya da gwamnatinsa. Kowace shekara har zuwa faduwar gwamnatin Gaddafi a shekara ta 2011, mabiyansa na kusa sun yi amfani da su don yin bikin tunawa da waɗannan abubuwan a ranar 7 ga Afrilu.<ref name="shabablibya">{{Cite web |title=Libyans Remember 7 April As A Day Of Rage And Grief |url=http://shabablibya.org/news/libyans-remember-april-7th-as-a-day-of-rage-and-grief |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410215218/http://shabablibya.org/news/libyans-remember-april-7th-as-a-day-of-rage-and-grief |archive-date=2017-04-10 |access-date=10 April 2017 |publisher=shabablibya.org}}</ref> == Shahararrun ɗalibai == * Ibrahim Dabbashi, wakilin dindindin na Libya a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya * Abdurrahim El-Keib, Ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na wucin gadi na Libya daga 24 ga Nuwamba 2011 zuwa 14 ga Nuwamba 2012 * Mustafa AG Abushagur, Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Firayim Minista na wucin gadi na Libya daga 22 ga Nuwamba 2011 zuwa 14 ga Nuwamba 2012 a cikin majalisar ministocin Abdurrahim El-Keib * Slim Riahi, ɗan kasuwa kuma ɗan siyasa na Tunisia. Wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kungiyar Free Patriotic Union (UPL). * Saif Al-Islam Gaddafi, Dan marigayi shugaban [[Muammar Gaddafi]] ne, wanda [[injiniya]] ne kuma [[Diflomasiya|diflomasiyya]]. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] a9qhad2ckx5g9ywnmfuym87cewgcmmd 0 79406 549916 543537 2024-12-01T23:57:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Canada Science and Technology Museum.jpg|thumb|makarantar kimiya da fasaha]] '''Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kenya''' jami'a ce ta jama'a da aka kafa a shekarar 2021. An kafa jami'ar ne don saduwa da karancin ƙwararrun injiniyoyi, waɗanda ake buƙata a cikin ƙasar da yankin, don fitar da Kenya cikin ƙasa mai masana'antu a shekara ta 2030.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Kariuki |first=James |date=13 February 2019 |title=Korean Sh10bn Konza university to open in 2021 |url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/markets/marketnews/Korean-Sh10bn-Konza-university-to-open-in-2021/3815534-4980630-ytn1mdz/index.html |access-date=14 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Andrew Mbuva |date=14 February 2019 |title=Kenya-Korea partner to set up institute at Konza |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2019/02/14/kenya-korea-partner-to-set-up-institute-at-konza_c1894128 |access-date=14 February 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Waje == Jami'ar tana ci gaba a kan kadada 22 (9 na ƙasa a Konza Technology City, a cikin Machakos County, kusa da iyakokin gundumar tare da Makueni County da Kajiado County. <ref name="1R"/> <ref name="2R"/> Wannan {{Convert|70|km|0}} (43 , ta hanyar hanya, kudu maso gabashin Gundumar kasuwanci ta tsakiya ta [[Nairobi]], babban birnin Kenya, tare da Hanyar Nairobi-Mombasa . <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Globefeed.com |date=14 February 2019 |title=Distance between Nairobi, Kenya and Konza Technology City, Kenya |url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Kenya_Distance_Result.asp?vr=apes&fromplace=Nairobi,%20KEN&toplace=Konza%20Technology%20City,Kenya |access-date=14 February 2019 |publisher=Globefeed.com}}</ref> == Bayani na gaba ɗaya == Gwamnatin Kenya, tare da hadin gwiwar gwamnatocin gundumar Machakos, Makueni da Kajiado, da kuma Hukumar Raya Konza Technopolis (KoTDA), suna shirin kafa cibiyar kimiyya da fasaha. An shirya cibiyar ta zama jami'ar bincike ta jama'a.<ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=KAIST |author-link=KAIST |date=13 February 2019 |title=Kenya-KAIST kicks off with $95 million funding from the Korean government |url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/tkai-kko021319.php |access-date=14 February 2019 |publisher=EurekaAlert Organization |archive-date=11 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511194927/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/tkai-kko021319.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan gasa, Cibiyar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Koriya ta lashe tayin tsara tsarin karatun jami'a. Ƙungiyar kamfanoni biyu na gine-gine da injiniya na Koriya na "Samoo" da "Sunjin", sun lashe yunkurin tsarawa da gina harabar jami'a. An sanya hannu kan waɗannan kwangila a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2018.<ref name="5R"/> == Gine-gine da kudade == Ginin yana samun kuɗin KSh10 biliyan (dala miliyan 72) daga Bankin Kasuwanci na Koriya ga gwamnatin Kenya. Ana sa ran wuraren za su kasance a shirye a cikin 2021, tare da shigar da dalibai 200 na digiri na farko da suka fara karatu a cikin 2022. == Malamai == Jami'ar za ta fara da sassan farko guda shida: <ref name="5R"/><ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=Kenn Abuya |date=13 February 2019 |title=Konza City Launches Advanced Institute of Science and Technology |url=https://techweez.com/2019/02/13/konza-city-kaist-launch/ |access-date=14 February 2019 |publisher=Techweez.com}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/tkai-kst120218.php KAIST ta rufe yarjejeniyar aikin Kenya KAIST] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204181704/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/tkai-kst120218.php |date=2020-12-04 }} Ya zuwa 2 ga Disamba 2018. * [https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/news/Kenya-S-Korea-to-sign-pact-for-Sh10bn-Konza-university/539546-3225496-e4s9g4z/index.html Kenya, Koriya ta Kudu ta shirya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya don jami'ar Sh10bn Konza City] A ranar 30 ga Mayu 2016. [[Rukuni:Jami'o'i]] [[Rukuni:Jami'o'i a Afrika]] 61jmplan7nknzph5zjohvtn4yd0zzk7 0 79890 549530 449451 2024-12-01T16:49:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549530 wikitext text/x-wiki Kungiyar Malaman Jami'o'i ta Ghana (UTAG) ta yi kira ga membobinta da su shiga yajin aiki mara iyaka a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-06 |title=Strike: UTAG declines NLC's invitation for a meeting on February 7 |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Strike-UTAG-declines-NLC-s-invitation-for-a-meeting-on-Feb-7-1462444 |access-date=2022-02-07 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en |archive-date=2022-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207084344/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Strike-UTAG-declines-NLC-s-invitation-for-a-meeting-on-Feb-7-1462444 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-04 |title=UTAG declines invitation to meet with NLC despite court order |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/02/utag-declines-invitation-to-meet-with-nlc-despite-court-order/ |access-date=2022-02-07 |website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-07 |title=UTAG Strike: NLC cancels scheduled meeting after UTAG declined invitation - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/utag-strike-nlc-cancels-scheduled-meeting-after-utag-declined-invitation/ |access-date=2022-02-08 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-08 |title=Gov't Makes Another Move To Resolve UTAG Strike |url=https://dailyguidenetwork.com/govt-makes-another-move-to-resolve-utag-strike/ |access-date=2022-02-08 |website=DailyGuide Network |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-03 |title=UTAG Strike: Accra High Court Labour Division recommends out of court settlement - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/utag-strike-accra-high-court-labour-division-recommends-out-of-court-settlement/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Agboklu |first=George |title=UTAG Strike: Court directs NLC, UTAG to settle matter out of court |url=https://www.gna.org.gh/1.21351959 |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=www.gna.org.gh |language=en |archive-date=2022-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210102724/https://www.gna.org.gh/1.21351959 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-03 |title=Settle your dispute out of court – High Court tells NLC, UTAG |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/02/settle-your-dispute-out-of-court-high-court-tells-nlc-utag/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-28 |title=NLC sues UTAG over ongoing strike |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/01/nlc-sues-utag-over-ongoing-strike/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-29 |title=NLC sues UTAG over ongoing industrial action - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/nlc-sues-utag-over-ongoing-industrial-action/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-03 |title=UTAG Strike: National executives to hold crunch meeting tomorrow - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/utag-strike-national-executives-to-hold-crunch-meeting-tomorrow/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> UTAG ta bayyana cewa wannan matakin ya faru ne saboda "ƙarin yanayin sabis" ba tare da isasshen amsa daga ma'aikaci ba.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=UTAG declares indefinite strike from Monday over worsening conditions of service |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/utag-declares-indefinite-strike-from-monday-over-worsening-conditions-of-service.html |access-date=2022-02-07 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-04 |title=Education Ministry meets with Vice-Chancellors Ghana over UTAG strike - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/education-ministry-meets-with-vice-chancellors-ghana-over-utag-strike/ |access-date=2022-02-07 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-04 |title=Education Ministry meets with Vice-Chancellors Ghana over UTAG strike - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/education-ministry-meets-with-vice-chancellors-ghana-over-utag-strike/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Annang">{{Cite web |last=Annang |first=Evans |date=2022-01-31 |title=UTAG Strike: Public universities face closure |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/local/utag-strike-public-universities-face-closure/evjfyz3 |access-date=2022-02-07 |website=Pulse Ghana |language=en |archive-date=2022-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207151018/https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/local/utag-strike-public-universities-face-closure/evjfyz3 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-01 |title=UTAG strike: Shutting down universities after 21 days not backed by law, but an economic decision - Prof. Awandare - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/utag-strike-shutting-down-universities-after-21-days-not-backed-by-law-but-an-economic-decision-prof-awandare/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Boakye |first=Edna Agnes |date=2022-02-09 |title=Close down universities until UTAG impasse is resolved – Eduwatch to Gov't |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/02/close-down-universities-until-utag-impasse-is-resolved-eduwatch-to-govt/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2022-02-09 |title=Close down universities until UTAG strike is called off – Eduwatch to Vice Chancellors - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/close-down-universities-until-utag-strike-is-called-off-eduwatch-to-vice-chancellors/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == coba0ye79k9hmcgq8fc9veqe8qpyixc 0 80756 549770 540034 2024-12-01T20:00:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Anita O'Day 1957.jpg|thumb]] ''Anita osikweme osikhena''' ta kasance mawakiya ce yar kasar Najeriya, haka zalika yar wasan kwaikwayo. ==Manazarta== https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/music/aniitablonde-the-exceptionally-multi-talented-artist/2yhgf4z.amp {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215031534/https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/music/aniitablonde-the-exceptionally-multi-talented-artist/2yhgf4z.amp |date=2023-02-15 }} rixanjfuewurrrza78xxkcr1qi7vc34 0 81087 550101 498901 2024-12-02T07:17:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550101 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Childhood Joy.jpg|thumb|Shige da ficen yara]] [[Fayil:Children at the Sunset.jpg|thumb|wasanin yara]] Shige da fice na yara, ko "yara a cikin ƙaura ko motsi" (wani lokacin "yara a kan motsi" ) motsi ne na mutane masu shekaru 3-18 a cikin ko a fadin iyakokin siyasa, tare da ko ba tare da iyayensu ba mai kula da doka ba, zuwa wata ƙasa ko yanki. Suna iya tafiya tare da ko ba tare da Takardun tafiye-tafiye na doka ba. Za su iya isa ƙasar da aka nufa a matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]], [[Mai Neman Mafaka|Masu neman mafaka]], ko baƙi na tattalin arziki. == Dalilan ƙaura == Dalilin da yara ke yi ƙaura ya bambanta kamar mutanen da ke ƙaura. Sun hada da dalilai na tattalin arziki, burin ilimi, dalilan da suka shafi jinsi ko al'ada, dalilai na mutum da kuma gaggawa, bala'o'i na halitta, tsanantawa da rikice-rikicen jin kai. Wasu yara suna barin neman mafi kyawun dama yayin da wasu ke tserewa daga tashin hankali, cin zarafi, cin zarafin ko rikici. Dalilai da yawa sau da yawa sun dace. Lokacin da iyaye suka yi ƙaura ko suka rabu, yara na iya ƙaura zuwa wani wuri ko ƙasa tare da ɗaya ko duka iyaye, ko kuma iyayensu na iya barin su a baya kuma ƙaura ta kai tsaye ta shafa su. == Hakkin yara a cikin ƙaura da motsi == === Hakkin jin daɗi === Hakkin jin shi ka'idar haƙƙin yara ce kamar yadda Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara ta bayyana. Dangane da Mataki na 12 na yarjejeniyar, yara suna da damar bayyana ra'ayoyinsu a duk batutuwan da suka shafi su, kuma dole ne a ba da ra'ayoyin su daidai da shekarun da balaga na yaro. Wannan haƙƙin ya shafi yadda yara ke shiga cikin al'amuran zamantakewa da siyasa da kuma shari'a da gudanarwa. A matsayin ka'ida ta gaba ɗaya, haƙƙin yaro na jin yana nuna manufar 'ofishin' na yara, kallon yara ba kawai a matsayin mutane masu rauni da ke buƙatar kariya ta musamman ba, har ma a matsayin masu yanke shawara, masu haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙi da membobin al'umma masu aiki. Yara da yawa ba sa son raba bayanai tare da hukumomi a ƙasar da suke nufi saboda tsoron cewa bayyana bayanai bazai zama abin sha'awa ba kuma cewa ba da labarin su na iya haifar da dawowa zuwa ƙasarsu ta asali. Wataƙila mutane na uku sun umarci yara su bayyana wasu sassan labarinsu kawai, akwai yiwuwar barazana da tsoron ramuwar gayya, kuma yaron bazai amince da 'yan sanda ba kuma hukumomin yankin za su iya kare su. Tsarin karɓar baƙi wanda ke nuna girmamawa da kuma tabbatar da mutuncin yaro na iya cimma don inganta amincewa da yaro ga jami'ai da masu sana'a waɗanda ta sadu da su. Masu fassara na iya rinjayar tsarin tattara bayanai a cikin hanyoyin mafaka da bincike na laifi yayin da suke shafar yadda ake fahimtar labarin yaron da kuma fahimta. Fassarar da ba daidai ba na iya lalata bayanin yaron, wanda ke haifar da yanke shawara bisa ga bayanan da ba daidai bane. Wannan yana da alaƙa da ba kawai da abubuwan da aka fassara ba har ma da salon da zaɓin da yaron ya yi da kuma yadda masu fassara ke isar da saƙon.<ref>Crawley, Heaven, Working with Children and Young People Subject to Immigration Control, Guidelines for best practice, Second Edition, Immigration Law Practitioners’ Association, 2012.</ref> === Binciken da ya fi dacewa da ƙuduri === An bayyana mafi kyawun sha'awa a Mataki na 3 na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara, wanda ya ce "a duk ayyukan da suka shafi yara, ko da aka gudanar da su ta hanyar cibiyoyin jin dadin jama'a ko masu zaman kansu, kotuna, hukumomin gudanarwa ko hukumomin majalisa, mafi kyawun sha-awar yaro zai zama la'akari na farko". Binciken mafi kyawun bukatun yaro yana nufin kimantawa da daidaitawa "duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don yanke shawara a cikin takamaiman yanayi ga takamaiman yaro ko ƙungiyar yara".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Committee on the Rights of the Child, General Comment No. 14 (2013), par. 47}}</ref> Hakkin yaro na samun ita ko mafi kyawun abubuwan da yake so a matsayin la'akari na farko yana nufin cewa abubuwan da ke cikin yaron suna da fifiko kuma ba kawai ɗaya daga cikin la'akari da yawa ba. Binciken takamaiman ne ga yaro a matsayin mutum, yana mai da mahimmanci don kafa dangantaka ta amincewa da yaro da kuma sadarwa yadda ya kamata a cikin yaren da yarinyar ko yaro ya fahimta. Binciken ya dace ya haɗa da ƙungiyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masu sana'a.<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, United Nations Children's Fund, Safe and Sound, What States can do to ensure respect for the best interests of unaccompanied and separated children in Europe, 2014.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, UNHCR Guidelines on Formal Determination of the Best Interests of the Child, 2006.}}</ref> A cikin shari'o'in kasa da kasa, cikakken tsarin kimantawa da ƙuduri na mafi kyawun sha'awa yana la'akari da waɗannan: * Kafa asalin yaron da kuma asalin duk wani mutum da ke tare da shi da kuma ingancin dangantakarsu * Binciken shari'a, gami da abubuwan da suka biyo baya: ** Jin yaron ** Binciken halin da yaron yake ciki, asali da bukatun ** Yanayin zamantakewa da kimantawa na iyali ** Tattara shaidu ciki har da jarrabawar shari'a da hira da yaro ** Haɗari da ƙididdigar tsaro ** Taswirar tushen tallafi, ƙwarewa, damar da albarkatu don karfafawa * Ci gaba da aikin rayuwa * Cikakken tasirin yara na duk wani yanke shawara mai yuwuwa * Gano mafita mai dorewa * Ci gaba da kimantawa yayin aiwatar da mafita mai ɗorewa tare da bin diddigin da ya dace, bita da saka idanu, da gyare-gyare ga shirye-shiryen mafita mai tsawo, idan kuma kamar yadda ake buƙata, bisa ga mafi kyawun bukatun yaro A cikin ƙasar Ghana, akwai batun da aka mayar da hankali kan kwatankwacin ilimi tsakanin ɗaliban ƙaura da waɗanda ba ƙaura ba. An nuna cewa ɗaliban da ba 'yan gudun hijira ba sun sami ƙarin kulawa, sabili da haka, sun sami maki fiye da ɗaliban ƙaura. Ana buƙatar nuna ƙarin hankali ga baƙi kamar yadda aka nuna wa sauran ɗalibai. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tamanja |first=Emmanuel |date=2015-11-30 |title=Child Migration and Academic Performance: The Case of Basic Education in Ghana |url=https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1103112 |journal=Journal of Education and Practice |volume=7 |issue=15 |pages=109–120}}</ref> === Hakkin rashin nuna bambanci: Matsayi, samun dama da iko === Yarjejeniyar kan 'Yancin Yara ta ba da kariya mai zurfi daga nuna bambanci da kuma hakkoki masu mahimmanci da ba za a iya ba da su ba ga dukkan' yan adam. Ya tsara cewa Jihohi Jam'iyyun za su mutunta kuma su tabbatar da haƙƙoƙin da aka tsara a cikin yarjejeniyar ga kowane yaro a cikin ikonsu ba tare da nuna bambanci na kowane nau'i ba, ba tare da la'akari da launin fata ko iyayensa ko mai kula da doka ba, launi, jima'i, yare, addini, siyasa ko wani ra'ayi, ƙasa, kabilanci ko asalin zamantakewa, dukiya, nakasa, haihuwa ko wani matsayi.<ref>[[Convention on the Rights of the Child]] Article 2.1</ref> Hakkin da aka bayar a karkashin Yarjejeniyar ya shafi yara wadanda ba na kasa ba, ba tare da la'akari da matsayin shige da fice ba ko matsayin iyayen su. Wannan ya hada da yara masu ziyara, 'yan gudun hijira, 'ya'yan ma'aikatan ƙaura da yara marasa takardun shaida. Hakkin rashin nuna bambanci yana ba da damar kowane yaro don taimako da tallafi nan take yayin da ake tantance halin da yaron ke ciki da ita ko kuma abubuwan da ya fi so. Rashin nuna bambanci ba ya nuna cewa an ba wa yaro izinin zama na atomatik, amma ana yanke shawara bisa ga ƙudurin [[Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa|mafi kyawun sha'awa]], ko za a dawowa da yaro ko kuma ƙasar da aka nufa ta ɗauki iko akan yaron.<ref>European Commission, Tackling Multiple Discrimination: Practices, Policies and Laws, Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities, 2007.</ref><ref>European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, Handbook on European Non-discrimination Law, 2011.</ref> Yayin da suke kimanta yanayin yaron da halin da ake ciki, hukumomin jihar suna da alhakin bayyana wane jiha ke da iko a kan yaro kuma, idan an buƙata kuma ya dace, canja wuri ko kafa iko a ƙasar da aka nufa. Lokacin da iko a kan yaro wanda ba na kasa ba ya bayyana, yaron yana cikin haɗarin kasancewa a cikin yanayin rashin tabbas kuma yana iya amfana ne kawai daga ayyukan wucin gadi da matakan kariya, har sai matsayin yaron ya cika ko kuma yaron ya koma ƙasar da ke da iko. Abubuwan da suka shafi iko sun hada da: * Za a iya samun shari'ar da ke jiran kotu inda yaron yake ciki. * Ayyukan zamantakewa a wata ƙasa na iya sa ido kan yaron da ita ko iyalinsa. * Yanayin yaron na iya kasancewa a karkashin binciken tilasta bin doka a wata ƙasa, gami da inda ake zargin fataucin yara. * Yaron na iya ba da aikace-aikacen mafaka a wata ƙasa; * Ana iya yin rajistar yaron a matsayin 'yaro da ya ɓace' a ƙasashen waje.<ref>Hague Conference on Private International Law, Practical Handbook on the Operation of the 1996 Child Protection Convention, 2014.</ref> === Ci gaba === Hakkin yaro ga rayuwa, rayuwa da ci gaba ana ba da shi a ƙarƙashin Mataki na 6 na Yarjejeniyar kan 'Yancin Yara. Wadannan hakkoki an amince da su ta hanyar Jihohi kuma suna da alaƙa da rayuwa, tsaro da kiwon lafiya a matsayin wajibi ga ci gaban jiki da kuma ci gaban tunani, ruhaniya, ɗabi'a, ilimi, fahimta, motsin rai da zamantakewar al'adu na yaro. Wannan yana cikin ƙoƙari don tabbatar da matsakaicin rayuwa, girma da damar yaron.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Convention on the Rights of the Child |url=http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CRC.aspx |access-date=2017-04-19 |website=www.ohchr.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Post-deportation Monitoring pp68-69">{{Cite web |title=Podeszfa, Leana and Friederike Vetter, Post-deportation Monitoring: Why, how and by whom?, University of Oxford, Refugee Study Centre, Forced Migration Review, Detention, alternatives to detention and deportation, Issue 44, September 2013, pp. 68-69, p. 68.}}</ref><ref name="Between a rock and a hard place">{{Cite web |title=Refugee Council, 'Between a rock and a hard place: the dilemma facing refused asylum seekers', December 2012.}}</ref> Ingancin kulawa yana da tasiri kai tsaye akan ci gaban yaro. Inganta haƙƙin ci gaban yaro da buƙatu yana nufin ba ta damar girma a cikin iyalinta na asali ko a cikin madadin kulawa na iyali ko iyali, duk inda wannan yake don amfanin yaro. Shirye-shiryen kulawa da samun damar samun ingancin sabis don kiwon lafiya da ilimi suna da mahimmanci yayin tantance bukatun ci gaban yaro.<ref name="Post-deportation Monitoring pp68-69"/><ref name="Between a rock and a hard place"/> Abubuwan da ke biyowa sun dace yayin kimanta bukatun ci gaban yaro (tare da ambaton abubuwan da suka dace a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara): * Hakkin kiyaye ta ko asalinsa, gami da kasa, suna da alakar iyali (Mataki na 8); * Ci gaba a cikin kula da yaro da girma, tare da la'akari da kabilanci, addini, al'adu da asalin harshe na yaro (Mataki na 20); * Hakkin yaro ya ji daɗin mafi girman matakin kiwon lafiya (Mataki na 24); * Hakkin kowane yaro ga yanayin rayuwa wanda ya dace da ci gaban jiki, tunani, ruhaniya, ɗabi'a da zamantakewa na yaro (Mataki na 27); * Samun dama ga ilimi (Mataki na 28 da 29); * Hakkin yaro na hutawa da hutawa, don shiga cikin wasanni da ayyukan nishaɗi da suka dace da ita ko shekarunsa (Mataki na 31). === Samun damar yin adalci === ==== Yara da adalci a cikin shari'o'in kasa da kasa ==== Yara a kan tafiya wani lokacin suna shafar ko suna cikin rikici da doka, gami da rikice-rikicen iyali na kan iyaka da al'amuran alhakin iyaye da hulɗa, a matsayin masu neman mafaka ko wadanda ke fama da aikata laifuka kuma, a wasu lokuta, a matsayin yara da ke rikici da dokar game da batutuwan shige da fice ko kuma batutuwan da ba bisa ka'ida ba. Wasu yara da ke rikici da doka a zahiri wadanda ke fama da aikata laifuka. Dokar kasa da kasa da Turai suna ba da cikakkun ka'idoji da ke tsara magani, haƙƙoƙi da haƙƙin yara da ke hulɗa da shari'a, a matsayin waɗanda aka azabtar, waɗanda ake tuhuma ko masu aikata laifuka. ==== Yara da ke fama da aikata laifuka ==== Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara ta haramta cin zarafin yara a kowane nau'i kuma a kowane mahallin (Mataki na 19, 32-36). Duk wani yaro da ya fuskanci tashin hankali, cin zarafi ko cin zarafi za a iya la'akari da shi a matsayin wanda aka aikata laifuka kuma yana jin daɗin haƙƙoƙi da haƙƙoƙin da ke da alaƙa, gami da samun taimako, kariya da tallafi, sabis don farfadowa da farfadowar jiki, samun damar yin adalci, tare da kariya ta dace a duk wani shari'a ko tsarin gudanarwa. Ya kamata a gano yara da ke cikin haɗarin cin zarafi a matsayin masu haɗari kuma a tura su taimako da tallafi don hana cin zarafinsu ko wani lahani. ==== Yara da aka yi amfani da su a cikin ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba da kuma aikata laifuka ==== Wani muhimmin kariya ga yara da ke fama da aikata laifuka shine 'ma'anar rashin hukunci'. Yana nufin cewa yara da ke fama da laifuka na aikata laifuka, gami da fataucin mutane, za a kare su daga takunkumi ko gurfanar da su saboda ayyukan da suka aikata dangane da halin da suke ciki a matsayin wadanda aka azabtar. Matakin da ba na azabtarwa yana kare yara waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba ko aikata laifuka da kuma yara waɗanda aka tilasta musu shiga ƙasa ba tare da takardun tafiye-tafiye masu inganci ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations Economic and Social Council, Guidelines on Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime, Economic and Social Council Resolution 2005/20, 2005.}}</ref> Jagororin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Adalci a cikin Al'amuran da suka shafi Yara da Shaidu na Laifi sun jaddada cewa "yara da suka sha wahala da shaidu na iya fuskantar ƙarin wahala idan aka kalli su a matsayin masu laifi lokacin da a zahiri wadanda aka azabtar da su kuma shaidu". Jagororin sun ce ya kamata a kare wadanda aka azabta daga tuhumar ba tare da la'akari da kowane nau'in 'yanci'akari da sa hannu a cikin laifi ba kuma ba tare da kula da shekarun yaron ba dangane da dokokin ƙasa da shekarun da ke bayyana shekarun aikata laifi. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da yaro wanda aka azabtar kuma a bi da shi kamar haka "... ba tare da la'akari le rawar da suka taka a cikin laifin ko a cikin gurfanar da wanda ake zargi da laifin ko kungiyoyin masu laifi ba. "<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations Economic and Social Council, Guidelines on Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime, Economic and Social Council Resolution 2005/20, 22 July 2005, par. 7e.}}</ref> Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan 'Yancin Dan Adam (OHCHR) Ka'idoji da Jagororin da aka ba da shawarar kan' yancin dan adam da Cinikin Dan Adam da Jagoronin UNICEF kan Kare Yara Wadanda ke fama da Cinikin sun sake jaddada haƙƙin rashin aikata laifuka musamman dangane da halin da ake ciki na wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane wadanda za a kare su daga alhakin aikata laifukan "duk wani laifi wanda ya kasance sakamakon kai tsaye daga fataucin". Wannan tanadin ya kara karfafawa ta hanyar sashi na rashin hukunci na Dokar Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwancin Tarayyar Turai ta 2011 da Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Turai kan Ayyuka game da Cin Hancin Dan Adam, sabili da haka an sanya shi a kan Kasashe: "Kowace Jam'iyya za ta, bisa ga ka'idojin ka'idoji na tsarin shari'arta, samar da yiwuwar kada a sanya hukunci ga wadanda abin ya shafa saboda shiga cikin ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba, har zuwa inda aka tilasta musu yin hakan. " (Mataki na 26).<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, United Nations Children's Fund, Justice in Matters Involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime, Child-Friendly Version, 2009.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, United Nations Children's Fund, Justice in Matters Involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime, Model Law and Related Commentary, 2009.}}</ref> Lokacin da yaro wanda ba na kasa ba ya saba wa doka kuma babu wata alama cewa an yi amfani da yaron a cikin ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba ko kuma an azabtar da shi, ka'idojin adalci na yara iri ɗaya sun shafi yara na kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations Economic and Social Council, Recommended Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Human Trafficking, Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to the Economic and Social Council, E/2002/68/Add.1, 20 May 2002.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations Children's Fund, Guidelines on the Protection of Child Victims of Trafficking, UNICEF Technical Notes, 2006.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=European Council of Refugees and Exiles, Right to Justice: Quality Legal Assistance for Unaccompanied Children, Annex 1: Guiding principles for quality legal assistance for unaccompanied children, 2014.}}</ref> === Hakkin samun taimako na kwastomomi === Yaran da ke waje da ƙasarsu suna da 'yancin samun taimako daga ofisoshin jakadanci da ofisoshin kwastomomi da ke wakiltar ƙasarsu. Ma'aikatan kwastam na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafawa da taimakawa yara a kasashen waje, kafa lambobin sadarwa na tallafi da turawa, da kuma tattara taimako. Ma'aikatan kwastam na iya tuntuɓar hukumomin tsakiya ko wuraren hulɗa na ƙasa don shawarwarin fasaha a lokuta da suka shafi yara. A karkashin Yarjejeniyar Vienna ta 1963 kan Dangantakar Kasuwanci ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ayyukan kwastomomi sun haɗa da taimakawa da taimakawa 'yan ƙasa na jihar aikawa. Wannan na iya haɗawa da matakai don kare bukatun yara waɗanda ke cikin ƙasar aikawa a cikin iyakokin da dokoki da ka'idojin Jihar karɓa suka ɗora, musamman lokacin da ake buƙatar nada mai kula.<ref>Vienna Convention on Consular Relations Article 5e and h</ref> Dole ne hukumomin ƙasar da aka nufa su sanar da ofishin kwastam ba tare da bata lokaci ba lokacin da aka yi la'akari da nadin mai kula da yaro. Dokoki da ka'idojin Jihar karɓa game da nadin mai kula suna aiki kuma ba su da tasiri ta hanyar raba bayanai tare da ofisoshin kwastam masu dacewa.<ref>Vienna Convention on Consular Relations Article 37b</ref> === Shige da fice da motsi a cikin Tarayyar Turai === Dukkanin mutane, gami da iyaye, iyalai tare da yara da Yara marasa raka'a, suna jin daɗin 'yancin motsi a cikin yankin Turai. A cikin yankin Turai na 'yancin motsi,' yan ƙasa na Tarayyar Turai da Kasashen EFTA Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway da Switzerland suna da damar shiga da zama a wasu Kasashen membobin Tarayyar Tarayyar na tsawon watanni uku ba tare da rajista ba kuma an ba su izinin zama lokacin da za su iya nuna samun kudin shiga. Hakkin yara a matsayin baƙi marasa haɗin kai a yankin Turai na 'yancin motsi ba a bayyana su a bayyane ba kuma nauyin ma'aikata masu alaƙa ba su da tabbas. Hanyar da gwamnatocin ƙasa ke fassara da kuma tsara ka'idojin 'yancin motsi ga yara marasa matuka a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18 sun bambanta tsakanin ƙasashe.<ref>European Parliament and Council Directive 2004/38/EC of 29 April 2004 on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States.</ref> === Gidan mafaka === Yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Yarjejeniyarta sun tsara haƙƙin mutane don neman kariya ta duniya. Yara suna jin daɗin kariya ta musamman kuma suna da 'yancin yin nazarin aikace-aikacen mafaka ɗai-ɗai. Dole ne a yi la'akari da takamaiman dalilan tsanantawa na yara ba tare da la'akari ba ko yaron ya yi amfani da shi shi kadai ko tare da iyaye ko mai kulawa. Kasashen membobin Tarayyar Turai sun sake tsara waɗannan ƙa'idodin don yanayin EU kuma sun karɓi jerin Dokokin da ke tsara cancanta da yanayin karɓar masu neman mafaka a cikin EU da kuma hanyoyin mafaka da batutuwan dawowa. == Rashin ƙarfi == Yara a kan motsi ana kiransu 'masu rauni' kodayake ba a bayyana ma'anar kalmar ba ko bayyana ta don yanayin kariya ta yara. Sau da yawa ana fahimtar rauni a matsayin rashi kuma ana daidaita shi da rauni da buƙatar kariya. Daga tsarin da ya danganci haƙƙin yara, rauni yana nufin iyakantaccen damar da yaro ke da shi don yin amfani da ita ko haƙƙinsa kamar yadda aka ba shi a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara.<ref name="CARDET 2013">CARDET, Defence for Children International – Italy et al., IMPACT, Improving Monitoring and Protection Systems Against Child Trafficking and Exploitation, Transnational Analysis, 2013.</ref><ref name="Refugees 2007">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Conclusion on Children at Risk, Executive Committee Conclusions, No. 107(LVIII), 5 October 2007.</ref> Ma'anar da ke akwai game da rauni waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin yanayin rage talauci, kiwon lafiya da abinci mai gina jiki na iya zama da amfani a cikin yanayin kariya ga yara.Wannan rauni ya kara muni ta hanyar kariya ta doka. Matasa a kan tafiyar sun fi rauni fiye da manya baƙi kuma suna fuskantar rushewa, raguwa, rashin tattalin arziki da albarkatun kayan aiki, rashin samun dama ga ayyuka na asali, da kuma karuwar haɗarin cin zarafi, tashin hankali da cin zarafi. == Gudun hijira mai aminci == Wasu yara suna ƙaura da kariya da kulawa kuma wasu suna samun nasara don cimma burin da ya motsa tafiyarsu. Lokacin da ƙaura ta kasance lafiya kuma tana da nasara, yara suna da damar haɓaka jin daɗinsu, don samun damar sabis mafi inganci da kuma amfana daga ingantaccen ilimi. Hanyoyin ƙaura masu aminci na iya tallafawa yara sosai a cikin canjin su zuwa girma da rayuwa mai zaman kanta. Za su inganta damar rayuwa, gami da sauyawa zuwa manya da kasuwar aiki, tare da yanayin aiki mafi kyau, albashi mafi girma da kuma karuwar damar ba da gudummawa ga al'ummominsu da al'ummomi, a cikin ƙasashe na asali da makoma. Yara da matasa na iya tallafa wa iyalansu ta hanyar aikawa da tallafawa ci gaban al'ummomin da suka fito.<ref>Catholic Relief Services, Child Migration, The Detention and repatriation of unaccompanied Central American children from Mexico, Research Study, 2010, p. 3.</ref><ref>Inter-Agency Group on Children on the Move, Why Children Matter, Experiences and lessons learnt from interventions to protect children on the move, The High Level Dialogue on International Migration and Development 2013</ref><ref>Side Event to the 46th Session of the Commission on Population and Development: “New Trends in Migration: Demographic Aspects”, 24 April 2013, p. 3.</ref><ref>Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, United Nations Children’s Fund, Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, Children and International Migration in Latin America and the Caribbean, Challenges, Newsletter on progress towards the Millennium Development Goals from a child rights perspective, Number 11, 2010, p. 2.</ref> == Hadarin yara a cikin ƙaura == Ga yara da suka yi ƙaura don tserewa daga yanayin rayuwa mai wahala, tashin hankali ko rikici, ƙaura na iya zama damar rage haɗari. Sauran suna fuskantar haɗari mai tsanani yayin ƙaura ko a wurin da aka nufa. Wasu kungiyoyin yara suna da saukin kamuwa da cin zarafi da cin zarafin, gami da fataucin mutane, saboda rashin ƙarfi na tsaro na zamantakewa. Hadarin da yaro ke fuskanta sau da yawa suna da alaƙa da juna kuma ana ɗaukar su a matsayin tarawa. Yaron da ya riga ya zauna a cikin mawuyacin hali, kamar talauci, cin zarafi ko barin makaranta, ana ɗaukarsa mafi rauni lokacin da ƙarin haɗari suka zo, kamar dangantakar cin zarafi o ƙaura mai haɗari.<ref name="CARDET 2013">CARDET, Defence for Children International – Italy et al., IMPACT, Improving Monitoring and Protection Systems Against Child Trafficking and Exploitation, Transnational Analysis, 2013.</ref><ref name="Refugees 2007">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Conclusion on Children at Risk, Executive Committee Conclusions, No. 107(LVIII), 5 October 2007.</ref> Yara masu ƙaura da yawa suna fuskantar lahani yayin tafiya da kuma inda suke. Yara suna fuskantar tashin hankali, cin zarafi da cin zarafi a hannun mutanen da suka haɗu da su a cikin zirga-zirga da kuma inda suke, gami da ma'aikata, masu jigilar kaya, masu safarar mutane da masu fataucin mutane. Za su iya fuskantar matakai masu mahimmanci na rashin kulawa ko cin zarafin jami'an gwamnati, gami da 'yan sanda, masu tsaron iyaka, jami'an shige da fice da ma'aikata a wuraren karɓar baƙi ko tsare-tsare. Wasu 'yan gudun hijira suna mutuwa a kan tafiya daga rashin ruwa, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, sufuri ko haɗarin sufuri ko nutsar da teku.<ref>Catholic Relief Services, Child Migration, The Detention and repatriation of unaccompanied Central American children from Mexico, Research Study, 2010, p. 5.</ref> Yanayin ƙaura mara aminci, ta hanyar yanayinsu, suna haifar da haɗari ga yara. Baya ga fuskantar ayyukan tashin hankali, yara suna cikin haɗarin yin rikici da doka idan sun yi tafiya ba tare da takardun da ake buƙata ba, idan sun shiga cikin ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba ko aikata laifuka don samun rayuwa, ko kuma idan wasu sun rinjayi su ko tilasta su yin hakan. A cikin yanayi na motsi na al'ada ko ƙaura mai zagaye, irin waɗannan yanayi na iya rinjayar jin daɗi, aminci da ci gaba sosai na yaro.<ref name="CARDET 2013">CARDET, Defence for Children International – Italy et al., IMPACT, Improving Monitoring and Protection Systems Against Child Trafficking and Exploitation, Transnational Analysis, 2013.</ref><ref name="Refugees 2007">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Conclusion on Children at Risk, Executive Committee Conclusions, No. 107(LVIII), 5 October 2007.</ref> === Amfani da shi === Yara a kan tafiya suna cikin haɗarin nau'o'i daban-daban na cin zarafi. Sun haɗa da cin zarafin jima'i a cikin [[karuwanci]] da batsa, masu aikata laifukan jima'i masu tafiya ta hanyar kyamarorin yanar gizo, hotunan cin zarafin yara da abubuwan da ba bisa ka'ida ba a intanet. Amfani yana faruwa ne a cikin aikin yara da aikin gida, a matsayin au-pairs, a cikin masana'antu, gine-gine, shimfida asphalt, gidajen cin abinci da masana'antun tsaftacewa, noma da karɓar 'ya'yan itace da kuma bara. Har ila yau, akwai shari'o'in kasa da kasa na auren yara da aka tilasta. Iyalai, ƙananan kungiyoyi ko manyan hanyoyin aikata laifuka na iya shirya cin zarafin yara. Ana amfani da yara a cikin ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba da kuma aikata laifuka, gami da samar da miyagun ƙwayoyi da fataucin miyagun ƙ ƙwayoyi, satar aljihu ko sata.<ref>United Nations Children’s Fund Innocenti Research Centre, Child Trafficking in Europe, A broad vision to put children first, Innocenti Insight, 2008, p. 12.</ref><ref>United Nations Children’s Fund Innocenti Research Centre, Child Trafficking in the Nordic Countries, Rethinking strategies and national responses, A Technical Report, 2012, pp. 18-20.</ref> Yara da aka yi wa fataucin mutane suna amfani da su sosai ta hanyar masu fataucin kaya don dalilai kamar bara, cin hanci da rashawa, cin hancin shaida, cin hance da rashawa.<ref>Europol, The THB Financial Business Model, Assessing the current state of knowledge, 2015, p. 13.</ref> === Cinikin mutane === An bayyana fataucin yara a cikin Yarjejeniyar Cinikin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 a matsayin daukar ma'aikata, sufuri, canja wuri, adanawa ko karɓar yaro don manufar cin zarafi. Duk da yake wannan ma'anar ta shafi shari'o'in kasa da kasa da / ko shari'o-tafiye da suka shafi kungiyoyin masu aikata laifuka, ana gane fataucin yara a waje da waɗannan sigogi.<ref name="TngManualFightTrafficking-Textbk1">{{Cite journal |last=I.L.O, UNICEF, and UN.GIFT |year=2009 |title=Training Manual to Fight Child Trafficking in Children for Labour, Sexual and Other Forms of Exploitation – Textbook 1: Understanding Child Trafficking |url=http://www.unicef.org/protection/Textbook_1.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903005514/http://www.unicef.org/protection/Textbook_1.pdf |archive-date=September 3, 2013 |access-date=February 9, 2012}}</ref> Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya ta fadada ma'anar don haɗawa da motsi da cin zarafi a matsayin mahimman fannoni na fataucin yara.<ref name="TngManualFightTrafficking-Textbk1" /> Wadanda ke fama da fataucin kasa da kasa na iya ƙetare iyakoki tare da ko ba tare da takardun tafiye-tafiye na doka ba kuma tare da ko kuma ba tare da taimakon masu safarar mutane ba. Sau da yawa ana daukar mutane cikin fataucin mutane ne kawai bayan sun haye iyakar kasa da kasa. A lokuta da yawa, fataucin mutane yana faruwa a cikin ƙasashe kuma babu ƙetare iyaka da ke ciki. Yarjejeniyar Cinikin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 ta ɗauki hanyoyin fataucin mutane da yardar yaro ga kowane aikin fataucin ba shi da mahimmanci wajen gano wanda aka yi fataucin. Hanyoyin cin zarafin da zasu iya zama fataucin mutane sun hada da, "aƙalla, cin zarafin karuwanci na wasu ko wasu nau'ikan cin zarafin jima'i, tilasta aiki ko ayyuka, bautar ko ayyukan da suka yi kama da bautar, bautar da kuma cire gabobin".<ref>UN Trafficking Protocol, Article 3</ref> Ana iya gurfanar da fataucin yara lokacin da zai yiwu a tabbatar da niyyar cin zarafin yaron, koda kuwa ba a riga an yi amfani da shi ba. Fassara daban-daban wani lokacin suna da wahala a rarrabe fataucin yara daga wasu nau'ikan cin zarafi. ==== Ma'anar fataucin yara a Turai ==== Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Turai kan Ayyuka game da Cin Hanci da Cin Hanyoyi (2005) ta karɓi ma'anar ƙasa da ƙasa, iri ɗaya a cikin kalmomi, tana jaddada duk da haka cewa za a kare wadanda abin ya shafa a lokuta inda fataucin ke faruwa a cikin ƙasashe kuma ba tare da shigar manyan kungiyoyin masu aikata laifuka ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Liste complète |url=http://www.coe.int/fr/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/197}}</ref> Umurnin Yammacin Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci na Tarayyar Turai (2011) ya fadada ra'ayin cin zarafi a cikin manufar fataucin mutane. A bayyane ya haɗa da manufar cin zarafi a cikin ayyukan aikata laifuka a matsayin wani ɓangare na ma'anar fataucin mutane. Mataki na 2.3 ya bayyana cewa "'amfani da ayyukan aikata laifuka' ya kamata a fahimta a matsayin cin zarafin mutum don yin, a tsakanin sauran, satar aljihu, ɗaga shago, fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi da sauran irin waɗannan ayyukan waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin hukunci kuma suna nuna riba ta kuɗi". Umurnin ya bayyana cewa "amfani da bara, gami da amfani da mutum mai dogaro da fataucin mutane don bara, ya fada cikin ma'anar fataucin a cikin mutane ne kawai lokacin da duk abubuwan tilasta aiki ko ayyuka suka faru".<ref>The European Parliament and Council of the European Union, Directive 2011/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2011 on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its victims, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2002/629/JHA, Official Journal of the European Union, Brussels, 15 April 2011, par. 11.</ref> === Fitar da kayayyaki === Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da safarar baƙi ta ƙasa, teku da iska ta bayyana safarar mutane a matsayin "sakewa, don samun, kai tsaye ko a kaikaice, fa'idar kuɗi ko wasu kayan aiki na shigar mutum ba bisa ka'ida ba a cikin Jam'iyyar Jiha wanda mutumin ba ɗan ƙasa ba ne ko mazaunin dindindin". Mai shigo da kaya yana sauƙaƙa ƙetare iyaka na wasu ba tare da takardun tafiye-tafiye da ake buƙata ba kuma don samun kuɗi ko wasu riba. Da zarar mai shigo da kaya ya sauƙaƙa ƙetare iyaka ko tabbatar da isowar baƙi a wurin da aka amince da shi, hulɗa tsakanin mai shigo da mutane da baƙi da aka shigo da su yawanci ya ƙare. Fitar da mutane a fadin iyakokin kasa da kasa na iya zama wani ɓangare na aikin fataucin mutane lokacin da aka yi shi don manufar cin zarafin mutane a ƙasar da aka nufa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime |url=https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/treaties/CTOC/index.html}}</ref><ref>United Nations Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime, Article 3.</ref> Kodayake ana ɗaukar smuggling laifi ne ga jihar, mutanen da ke amfani da ayyukan smugglers na iya shan wahala ta hanyar tashin hankali yayin da ake smuggling ko kuma suna iya mutuwa saboda yanayin sufuri mara kyau. === Sayar da yara === Sayar da yara yana nufin duk wani aiki ko ma'amala inda kowane mutum ko rukuni na mutane ke tura yaro zuwa wani don biyan kuɗi ko wani la'akari. Duk da yake fataucin mutane na iya haɗawa da sayarwa da siyar da mutane, siyar da yara na iya haifar da cin zarafi amma ba lallai ba ne. Ana sayar da yara a wasu lokuta a cikin tallafi ba bisa ka'ida ba, alal misali. Ana kuma sayar da yara don cin zarafin jima'i ko aiki. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, ana iya samun haɗuwa tsakanin fataucin mutane da siyarwa a matsayin ayyukan laifi guda biyu a cikin shari'a ɗaya.<ref>Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, Article 2(a).</ref> == Shige da fice da ci gaba mai ɗorewa == Haɗin tsakanin ƙaura da ci gaba an san shi sosai. Shige da fice yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da Agenda na 2030 don Ci Gaban Ci gaba. Dangane da yanayin yawan jama'a na yanzu, yawan jama'ar kasashe masu arziki za su ci gaba da tsufa ba tare da daidaituwa ba yayin da ƙaramin ƙarni ke da yawa a kasashe masu karamin kuɗi, suna haifar da damuwa a kasuwar ma'aikata, tsaro na zamantakewa, ilimi da abinci mai gina jiki.<ref>United Nations, Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform, Transforming Our World – The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, 2015.</ref> Gudun hijira na iya rage waɗannan rashin daidaituwa a bangarorin biyu. Yana da damar kara yawan ma'aikata da karfafa matasa a cikin lambobi inda ake bukata. Wannan zai haifar da karuwar gudummawa ga tsarin jin dadin jama'a a cikin ƙasashe masu samun kudin shiga da kuma rage damuwa a kan tsarin jin dadin zamantakewa a ƙasashen asali tare da matsanancin talauci da rashin aikin yi. Manufofin ƙaura da motsi ya kamata su sauƙaƙa musayar ilimi, iyawa da albarkatun ɗan adam yayin hana motsi ɗaya da ɓarkewar kwakwalwa. Idan aka gani daga wannan ra'ayi, ƙaura tana da fa'idodi masu yuwuwa don rage talauci da haɓaka ci gaban duniya mai ɗorewa.<ref>United Nations Children’s Fund, United Nations Population Division, University of Houston, International Migration, Children and Adolescents, Population Dynamics, October 2013, pp. 1, 4.</ref><ref name="Cortina, Jeronimo 2013, p. 2">Cortina, Jeronimo, Children, Education and Migration: Win-win policy responses for co-development, QScience Proceedings, Family, Migration and Dignity Special Issue, University of Houston and United Nations Children’s Fund, Bloomsbury Qatar Foundation Journals, 2013, p. 2.</ref> Haɗin tsakanin ƙaura da ci gaba suna da tasiri ga manufofi da aiki a cikin waɗannan yankuna kuma ana buƙatar daidaita matakan da suka dace a ƙasashe masu zuwa da asali. Daga hangen nesa na haƙƙin ɗan adam da ci gaba, ƙasashen asali da makoma suna da alhakin sarrafa ƙaura. Kyakkyawan ci gaba da rage haɗarin daga ƙaura na iya haɗawa da haɓaka babban birnin ɗan adam na baƙi da saka hannun jari a cikin haɗin gwiwar kula da ƙaura tsakanin ƙasashe na asali da makoma a cikin zamantakewa, tattalin arziki da siyasa.<ref name="Cortina, Jeronimo 2013, p. 2">Cortina, Jeronimo, Children, Education and Migration: Win-win policy responses for co-development, QScience Proceedings, Family, Migration and Dignity Special Issue, University of Houston and United Nations Children’s Fund, Bloomsbury Qatar Foundation Journals, 2013, p. 2.</ref> == Tarihin ƙaurawar yara ta ƙasa == === Ostiraliya === A ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 da farkon ƙarni na 20, an cire yara da yawa na Aboriginal Australiya daga iyalansu kuma an sanya su a cibiyoyi da gidaje masu kula, a cikin abin da aka sani da Stolen Generations . Yara 130,000 sun yi ƙaura zuwa Ostiraliya a ƙarƙashin taimakon ƙaura na yara daga Burtaniya kadai, tare da ƙaramin adadi daga Malta. An karɓi yara masu ƙaura ko kuma an haife su a gidajen yara, cibiyoyi, gidajen marayu ko kulawa. Yawancin waɗannan yara an yi amfani da su a cikin aikin bayi ta majami'u a Ostiraliya. Yawancin waɗannan yara sun fuskanci sakaci da cin zarafi yayin da suke cikin kulawar ma'aikata. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2009 Firayim Ministan Australia, Kevin Rudd ya nemi gafara ga "Mutanen Australia da aka rasa" da yara masu ƙaura a madadin kasar.<ref name="sorry">{{Cite web |last=Anon |date=16 November 2009 |title=Australia 'sorry' for child abuse |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/8361389.stm |access-date=17 November 2009 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Speech &#124; Prime Minister of Australia |url=http://www.pm.gov.au/node/6321 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100405065659/http://www.pm.gov.au/node/6321 |archive-date=2010-04-05 |access-date=2010-03-11}} PMs apology</ref> "Mutanen da aka rasa" kalma ce da Majalisar Dattijan Australiya ta yi amfani da ita don bayyana yara da aka girma a gidajen marayu, gidajen yara, cibiyoyi ko kulawa a Ostiraliya. Yara masu ƙaura takamaiman rukuni ne na "Mutanen da suka ɓace".<ref>http://guides.slv.vic.gov.au/content.php?pid=55757&sid=582660 Adoption & Forgotten Australians - Child Migrants</ref> === Bulgaria === Shige da fice na yara wani abu ne da ke da alaƙa da ƙaurawar masu kula da kasuwar Bulgarian zuwa Austria-Hungary a rabi na biyu na karni na 19 da farkon karni na 20, saboda amfani da aikin yara (yawanci yara maza) a cikin lambu na kasuwa. Ayyukan yara sun kawo manyan masu aikin lambu mafi girma tun lokacin da ba a biya yara ba amma sun yi aiki a matsayin masu koyo don kiyaye su kawai. Ƙananan yara sun taimaka a cikin lambuna kuma sun koyi ƙwarewar lambu, yayin da waɗanda suka riga sun kasance masu ƙarfi a jiki suka yi ayyukan lambu na musamman. Za'a iya rarrabe alamu daban-daban na ƙaurawar yara bisa ga tarihin rayuwa da labarun rayuwar kansu na masu lambu na kasuwa: yara da suka yi ƙaura tare da iyayensu masu lambu a kasuwa a matsayin iyali ko waɗanda suka yi lambu na kasuwar da aka haifa a ƙasashen waje; yara da suka ƙaura tare na ɗaya daga cikin iyaye (yawanci mahaifin lambu na kasuwanci) ko kuma tare da dangi na mahaifinsa mai lambu don "koyi aiki"; yara waɗanda suka yi ƙauka tare da iyayensa masu tasowa suna rayuwa a kasuwa a kan iyalan su, su, su suna rayuwa ta hanyar kuɗi, su bar iyalin su zama a ƙasarsu suna rayuwa a ƙasa da yara masu ƙanƙanta suna rayuwa"<ref>http://penkapeykovska.blogspot.hu/p/blog-page_20.html Peykovska, Penka, Child Migration, Child Labor and School Attainment. Evidence from the Bulgarian Community in Hungary (Late 19th to the 1930s)</ref> === Kanada ===   Tsarin makarantar zama na Indiyawan Kanada, wanda aka kafa a karni na 19, an yi niyya ne don tilasta daidaitawa da Mutanen Aboriginal a Kanada cikin al'ummar Turai-Kanada.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alberni School Victim Speaks Out |url=http://www.firstnationsdrum.com/education/Default.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090726170335/http://www.firstnationsdrum.com/education/Default.htm |archive-date=July 26, 2009 |access-date=2009-12-02 |website=First Nations Drum}}</ref> An rufe makarantar zama ta ƙarshe a shekara ta 1996. A ranar 11 ga Yuni, 2008, Firayim Minista [[Stephen Harper]] ya nemi gafara, a madadin majalisar ministocin da ke zaune, a gaban masu sauraro na wakilan Aboriginal, kuma a cikin jawabin da aka watsa a cikin kasa a kan CBC, don manufofin gwamnatocin da suka gabata na daidaitawa.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2008/06/11/aboriginal-apology.html PM cites 'sad chapter' in apology for residential schools] - cbc.ca, June 11, 2008. Retrieved 2009-12-02.</ref>A shekara ta 2009, [[Benedict na Sha Shida|Paparoma Benedict na XVI]] ya nuna baƙin cikinsa game da "tsananin da ya haifar da mummunar hali na wasu membobin Cocin" kuma ya ba da "haushi da hadin kai na addu'a". === Malta === Yara 310 sun yi hijira daga Malta zuwa Ostiraliya tsakanin 1950 da 1965 a karkashin 'Yar Shige da Fice zuwa Ostiraaliya Shirin' biyo bayan yarjejeniya tsakanin kwamitin Shige da fice na Katolika na Australiya da Ministan Shige da Shige da Fitowa da Ma'aikata a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1949. <ref name="apology">{{Cite web |last=Attard |first=Elaine |title=Australian PM apologises for child abuse |url=http://www.independent.com.mt/news.asp?newsitemid=97331 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091120044207/http://www.independent.com.mt/news.asp?newsitemid=97331 |archive-date=20 November 2009 |access-date=17 November 2009 |website=The Malta Independent online |publisher=Standard Publications Ltd}}</ref> Yawancin yaran Maltese da aka aika zuwa Ostiraliya a ƙarƙashin wannan makirci sun fito ne daga gidajen marayu na gwamnati ko gidajen yara na Ikilisiya kuma an ce duk sun tafi tare da yardar iyayensu. Gwamnatin Australiya ta ba da gudummawa don maraba da yara maza na Maltese, masu shekaru tsakanin takwas zuwa 11, da 'yan mata masu shekaru tsakanin biyar zuwa 10 a cikin cibiyoyin Katolika kuma sun yi alkawarin ba su aiki karkashin kulawar hukumomin Katolika.<ref name="apology" /> Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan yara ya zama firist kuma wasu da yawa sun fara aiki duk da cewa da yawa sun girma da rauni da sanin cewa iyayensu sun yarda da barin gida.<ref name="apology" /> An haɗa 'yan gudun hijirar Maltese a cikin neman gafara na Firayim Minista na Australiya na 2009 ga waɗanda suka sha wahala a hannun masu kula da su a cibiyoyi, marayu da kulawa.<ref name="apology" /> === Falasdinu da aka tilasta === A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, dubban kananan yara daga iyalan Yahudawa a Turai da ke zaune a Nazi an kai su cikin aminci a Mandatory Palestine (yanzu Isra'ila). === Ƙasar Ingila ===   Ayyukan aikawa da yara matalauta ko marayu zuwa yankunan mazauna Ingila, don taimakawa wajen rage karancin ma'aikata, ya fara ne a Ingila a cikin 1618, tare da tarawa da jigilar yara 100 zuwa mulkin mallaka na Virginia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A child migration timeline |url=http://www.goldonian.org/barnardo/child_migrationl.htm |access-date=2009-04-07 |website=The Goldonian |publisher=Goldonian Web}}</ref> Kafin rabi na biyu na karni na ashirin, ana ganin shirin Home Children a matsayin hanyar motsa yara matalauta zuwa "rayuwa mafi kyau" a Ostiraliya, Kanada da sauran wurare, tare da samar da "farin kaya" mai kyau ga tsoffin yankuna. Ba a tuntubi yara da iyaye ba, kuma sau da yawa ana raba 'yan uwa.<ref>[[Child Labor]] By Sandy Hobbs, Jim McKechnie, [[Michael Lavalette]] p. 33, 34</ref> A cikin jimlar an aika yara 130,000 daga Ƙasar Ingila zuwa Kanada, New Zealand, Afirka ta Kudu, Rhodesia (yanzu Zimbabwe), da Ostiraliya. Sau da yawa ana yin ƙarya ga yara game da mutuwar iyayensu kuma da yawa sun fuskanci cin zarafi a sababbin gidajensu.<ref name="sorry"/> A watan Fabrairun 2010 Firayim Ministan Burtaniya, [[Gordon Brown]] ya ba da gafara na hukuma don shirin sake zama na yara 'mai kunya' kuma ya ba da sanarwar asusun fam miliyan 6 da aka tsara don biyan iyalan da shirin "ba daidai ba" ya shafa. The Child Migrants Trust tun lokacin da ya kafa Asusun Maido da Iyali don amfani da wannan kuɗin don taimakawa sake haɗuwa da tsoffin yara masu ƙaura tare da iyalansu a matsayin wani ɓangare na kunshin tallafi ga tsoffin yara da iyalinsu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anon |title=Family Restoration Fund |url=http://www.childmigrantstrust.com/services/family-restoration-fund |access-date=28 July 2013 |website=Child migrants Trust}}</ref> A lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]], an kwashe yara miliyan 3.5 daga yankunan da ke cikin haɗarin bama-bamai zuwa yankunan karkara.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anon |title=Home page |url=http://www.evacuees.org.uk/ |access-date=28 April 2010 |website=The Evacuees Reunion Association.}}</ref> (Dubi Gudun fararen hula a Burtaniya a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.) Har ila yau, a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, kusan yara 10,000 marasa matasan daga iyalai na Yahudawa a Turai da ke zaune a Nazi an kai shi lafiya a Burtaniya. Binciken da aka kammala a shekarar 2012 ta Cibiyar Nazarin Shige da Fice, Manufofi da Al'umma ta [[Jami'ar Oxford]] (COMPAS) karkashin jagorancin Dokta Nando Sigona ya ba da haske game da halin da yara ba su da damar zama a Ingila.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-05-15 |title=No way out, no way in: Migrant children fall through the net |url=http://irregularvoices.wordpress.com/2012/05/15/no-way-out-no-way-in-migrant-children-fall-through-the-net/}}</ref> Binciken, 'Babu hanyar fita, babu hanyar shiga: Yara masu ƙaura da iyalai a Burtaniya', ya kiyasta yawan yara 120,000 ba tare da matsayi ba, daga cikinsu 65,000 an haife su a Burtaniya ga iyaye ba tare da haƙƙin zama a kasar ba. === Amurka === A cikin karni na 19 akwai yunkurin motsa yara daga biranen gabas da ke cike da mutane zuwa iyalan karkara na yamma da yamma da marayu. Mafi shahara shine motsi na jirgin kasa marayu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Torigoe |first=John |date=24 December 2008 |title=He rode the 'Orphan Train' across the country |url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/LIVING/wayoflife/12/24/orphan.trains/index.html |journal=CNN}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, an raba yaran 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka daga iyalansu kuma an tura su makarantun kwana don tilasta musu su shiga cikin al'adun yamma. === Finland === A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, lokacin da Finland ke yaƙi da Rasha, kimanin yara 70 000 na Finnish an kai su jirgin ƙasa da jirgin ruwa galibi zuwa Sweden, amma kuma zuwa Norway da Denmark. Wadannan yara galibi ana kiransu yara na yaƙi. A ƙarshen yaƙin, dubban yara sun sami tallafi daga iyayensu "sabon". == Dubi kuma == * Ƙananan ba tare da wani ba * Tsaro na yara na kasa da kasa * Jerin dokokin kasa da kasa da na Turai game da kariya da ƙaura * Hakkin jin * [[Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa]] * Cinikin yara * Yaron Anchor * Jirgin yara == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/familyhistory/guide/migrantancestors/child.htm Tarihin Kasa - ƙaurawar yara] * [http://www.childmigrantstrust.com Shafin yanar gizon Child Migrants Trust] * [http://guides.slv.vic.gov.au/adoption Amincewa da kuma mantawa da 'yan Australia] * [http://www.nma.gov.au/exhibitions/inside_life_in_childrens_homes_and_institutions/home ''A ciki: Rayuwa a cikin Gidajen Yara da Cibiyoyin'', Gidan Tarihi na Kasa na Ostiraliya] * [http://www.nma.gov.au/blogs/inside/ ''A ciki: Rayuwa a cikin Gidajen Yara da Cibiyoyin'' baje kolin blog, Gidan Tarihi na Kasa na Ostiraliya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213033920/https://nma.gov.au/blogs/inside/ |date=2019-02-13 }} * [http://forgottenaustralianshistory.gov.au/index.html Mutanen da aka manta da su: Tarihinmu - Gidan yanar gizon Gwamnatin Australiya wanda ya haɗa da tarihin baki, albarkatu da hotuna] * [https://www.academia.edu/3024084/Penka_Peykovska_CHILD_MIGRATION_CHILD_LABOR_AND_SCHOOL_ATTAINMENT_EVIDENCE_FROM_THE_BULGARIAN_COMMUNITY_IN_HUNGARY_LATE_19th_CENTURY_TO_THE_1930s_ Gudun yara, aikin yara da samun ilimi] == manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Transnational child protection}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7at6m0mzev1vobb1eay8amht4p2czzc 0 81134 549512 463190 2024-12-01T16:11:02Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549512 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Brass_Finishing_Building,_Standard_Sanitary_Manufacturing_Company.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Ginin kamfani na tagulla a Louisville, Kentucky]] [[Fayil:Brass Finishing Building, Standard Sanitary Manufacturing Company.jpg|thumb|Standard Sanitary Manufacturing Company]] An kafa asali Standard Sanitary lokacin da James West Arrott na James West Arrott Inshora a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ya karbi wani kamfani na hooper mai fatara wanda ba zai iya biyan kuɗin inshorar su ba. Tare da Francis Torrance (suna da alaƙa yayin da suke auri ƴan'uwan Waddell) sun koyi game da sanya sunan porcelain a Turai kuma sun kawo wannan dabarar zuwa Amurka ta hanyar yin wanka da farko sannan kuma bayan gida da nutsewa. A ƙarshen 1890s ne aka haɗa Standard Sanitary tare da sauran masana'antun sarrafa famfo don samar da Standard Sanitary Manufacturing Company. Standard Sanitary Manufacturing Company wani Ba'amurke ne ya kera kayan aikin wanka. An kafa shi a cikin 1875 ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar Kamfanin Ahrens da Ott Manufacturing Company, Standard Manufacturing Company, Dawes da Myler Manufacturing Company, da kuma wasu tsire-tsire shida waɗanda aka haɗa su don samar da Standard Manufacturing Company, hedkwata a Pittsburgh, tare da Theodore Ahrens ( Jr.) a matsayin shugabanta na farko. Ya rike wannan matsayi, da sauran su, har zuwa 1934 A cikin 1929, kamfanin ya haɗu da Kamfanin Radiator na Amurka don samar da Kamfanin American Radiator da Standard Sanitary Corporation. == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] mfi597ji4x8wzyxsgk82k59b4rnighl 0 81434 549868 546455 2024-12-01T22:19:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549868 wikitext text/x-wiki <div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:192px;max-width:192px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:190px;max-width:190px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:250px;overflow:hidden">[[Fayil:Acetobixan-an-Inhibitor-of-Cellulose-Synthesis-Identified-by-Microbial-Bioprospecting-pone.0095245.s004.ogv|thumb|salon binciken hallitu]][[File:Galegaofficinalis03.jpg|alt=|251x251px]]</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:190px;max-width:190px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:105px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Metformin.svg|alt=|188x188px]]</div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">An gano magunguna masu mahimmanci da yawa ta hanyar binciken halittu ciki har da maganin ciwon sukari [[metformin]] (wanda aka haɓaka daga samfurin halitta da aka samo a cikin ''[[Galega officinalis]]''). <ref name="pmid29077533">{{cite journal |vauthors=Buenz EJ, Verpoorte R, Bauer BA |date=January 2018 |title=The ethnopharmacologic contribution to bioprospecting natural products |journal=Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=509–530 |doi=10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010617-052703 |pmid=29077533 |doi-access=free}}</ref></div></div></div></div><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles>Bioprospecting (wanda aka fi sani da '''Binciken halittu''') bincike ne na tushen halitta don ƙananan kwayoyin, macromolecules da bayanan kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin halitta waɗanda za a iya haɓaka su cikin samfuran kasuwanci masu mahimmanci don aikin [[noma]], <ref name="CBD1">{{Cite web |title=Mobilizing funding for biodiversity conservation: a user-friendly training guide |url=https://www.cbd.int/doc/nbsap/finance/Guide_BioProsp_Nov2001.pdf |access-date=17 July 2020 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref> about="#mwt42" class="mw-ref reference" data-cx="{}" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"pmid30465306"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-pmid30465306-3","html":"<nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;templatestyles&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;attrs&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;src&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;body&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;extsrc&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;cite journal &amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Cite_journal&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;vauthors&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Pandey A, Yarzábal LA&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;January 2019&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Bioprospecting cold-adapted plant growth promoting microorganisms from mountain environments&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;journal&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;volume&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;103&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;issue&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;pages&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;643–657&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;doi&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;10.1007/s00253-018-9515-2&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;pmid&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;30465306&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;s2cid&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;53720063&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwA08\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt39\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" id=\"CITEREFPandeyYarzábal2019\" data-ve-ignore=\"true\">Pandey A, Yarzábal LA (January 2019). \"Bioprospecting cold-adapted plant growth promoting microorganisms from mountain environments\". <i id=\"mwA1A\">Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology</i></nowiki>. <nowiki><b id=\"mwA1E\">103</b></nowiki> (2): 643–657. <nowiki><a class=\"mw-redirect cx-link\" data-linkid=\"670\" href=\"./Doi_(identifier)\" id=\"mwA1I\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\">doi</a></nowiki>:<nowiki><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00253-018-9515-2\" id=\"mwA1M\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">10.1007/s00253-018-9515-2</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><a class=\"mw-redirect cx-link\" data-linkid=\"671\" href=\"./PMID_(identifier)\" id=\"mwA1Q\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\">PMID</a></nowiki><nowiki><span id=\"mwA1U\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30465306\" id=\"mwA1Y\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">30465306</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><a class=\"mw-redirect cx-link\" data-linkid=\"672\" href=\"./S2CID_(identifier)\" id=\"mwA1c\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"S2CID (identifier)\">S2CID</a></nowiki><nowiki><span id=\"mwA1g\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53720063\" id=\"mwA1k\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">53720063</a></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}' id="cite_ref-pmid30465306_3-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Bioprospecting#cite_note-pmid30465306-3 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><nowiki>[2]</nowiki></span>] aquaculture, <ref name="pmid22737038">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Beattie AJ, Hay M, Magnusson B, de Nys R, Smeathers J, Vincent JF |date=May 2011 |title=Ecology and bioprospecting |journal=Austral Ecology |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=341–356 |doi=10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02170.x |pmc=3380369 |pmid=22737038}}</ref> bioremediation, <ref name="pmid22737038" /> [[Kwalliya|kayan shafawa]], <ref name="pmid24858315">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mazarrasa I, Olsen YS, Mayol E, Marbà N, Duarte CM |date=October 2014 |title=Global unbalance in seaweed production, research effort and biotechnology markets |journal=Biotechnology Advances |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=1028–36 |doi=10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.05.002 |pmid=24858315}}</ref> <ref name="pmid32140148">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Pascoal F, Magalhães C, Costa R |date=February 2020 |title=The link between the ecology of the prokaryotic rare biosphere and its biotechnological potential |journal=Frontiers in Microbiology |volume=11 |pages=Article 231 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2020.00231 |pmc=7042395 |pmid=32140148 |doi-access=free}}</ref> nanotechnology, <ref name="pmid22737038" /> [4] ko masana'antun [[Magani|magunguna]] [4] [5] .<ref name="pmid24240981">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Abida H, Ruchaud S, Rios L, Humeau A, Probert I, De Vargas C, Bach S, Bowler C |date=November 2013 |title=Bioprospecting marine plankton |journal=Marine Drugs |volume=11 |issue=11 |pages=4594–4611 |doi=10.3390/md11114594 |pmc=3853748 |pmid=24240981 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="pmid31214881">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Gupta PL, Rajput M, Oza T, Trivedi U, Sanghvi G |date=August 2019 |title=Eminence of microbial products in cosmetic industry |journal=Natural Products and Bioprospecting |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=267–278 |doi=10.1007/s13659-019-0215-0 |pmc=6646485 |pmid=31214881}}</ref><ref name="pmid28330085">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Upadhyay P, Shrivastava R, Agrawal PK |date=June 2016 |title=Bioprospecting and biotechnological applications of fungal laccase |journal=3 Biotech |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=Article 15 |doi=10.1007/s13205-015-0316-3 |pmc=4703590 |pmid=28330085}}</ref><ref name="pmid32529587">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cushnie TP, Cushnie B, Echeverría J, Fowsantear W, Thammawat S, Dodgson JL, Law S, Clow SM |date=June 2020 |title=Bioprospecting for antibacterial drugs: a multidisciplinary perspective on natural product source material, bioassay selection and avoidable pitfalls |url=https://zenodo.org/record/3909383 |journal=Pharmaceutical Research |volume=37 |issue=7 |pages=Article 125 |doi=10.1007/s11095-020-02849-1 |pmid=32529587 |s2cid=219590658}}</ref> A cikin masana'antar magunguna, alal misali, kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na duk ƙananan magungunan da Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) ta amince da su tsakanin 1981 da 2014, ko dai kayayyakin halitta ne ko mahadi da aka samo daga kayayyakin halitta.<ref name="pmid26852623">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Newman DJ, Cragg GM |date=March 2016 |title=Natural products as sources of new drugs from 1981 to 2014 |journal=Journal of Natural Products |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=629–661 |doi=10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01055 |pmid=26852623 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Tsire-tsire na ƙasa, fungi da actinobacteria sun kasance masu mayar da hankali ga shirye-shiryen bioprospecting dayawa da suka gabata, amma sha'awar tana girma a cikin yanayin halittu da ba'a bincika su ba (misali teku da teku) da kwayoyin halitta (misali myxobacteria, archaea) a matsayin hanyar gano sabbin mahadi tare da Ayyukan halittu na zamani. <ref name="pmid24240981"/> <ref name="pmid32529587"/><ref name="pmid24078803">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Svenson J |date=May 2012 |title=MabCent: Arctic marine bioprospecting in Norway |journal=Phytochemistry Reviews |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=567–578 |doi=10.1007/s11101-012-9239-3 |pmc=3777186 |pmid=24078803}}</ref><ref name="pmid33643258">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Sysoev M, Grötzinger SW, Renn D, Eppinger J, Rueping M, Karan R |date=February 2021 |title=Bioprospecting of novel extremozymes from prokaryotes—the advent of culture-independent methods |journal=Frontiers in Microbiology |volume=12 |issue= |pages=Article 630013 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2021.630013 |pmc=7902512 |pmid=33643258 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ana iya tantance nau'o'in ba zato ba tsammani don aikin rayuwa ko zaɓaɓɓen tunani kuma ana tantance su bisa ga ilimin [[Ecology|muhalli]], Ethnobiological, ethnomedical, [[tarihi]] ko bayanan genomic.<ref name="pmid32529587" /><ref name="pmid22984175">{{Cite journal |author-link2=Vincent Savolainen |vauthors=Saslis-Lagoudakis CH, Savolainen V, Williamson EM, Forest F, Wagstaff SJ, Baral SR, Watson MF, Pendry CA, Hawkins JA |date=September 2012 |title=Phylogenies reveal predictive power of traditional medicine in bioprospecting |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=109 |issue=39 |pages=15835–40 |bibcode=2012PNAS..10915835S |doi=10.1073/pnas.1202242109 |pmc=3465383 |pmid=22984175 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="pmid29747673">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Baana K, Angwech H, Malinga GM |date=May 2018 |title=Ethnobotanical survey of plants used as repellents against housefly, ''Musca domestica'' L. (Diptera: Muscidae) in Budondo Subcounty, Jinja District, Uganda |journal=Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=Article 35 |doi=10.1186/s13002-018-0235-6 |pmc=5946462 |pmid=29747673 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Lokacin da albarkatun halittu na yankin ko ilimin 'yan asalin sun kasance ba bisa ka'ida ba ko kuma anyi amfani dashi ta hanyar kasuwanci batare da samar da diyya mai kyau ba, wannan an san shi da biopiracy.<ref name="merriamwebster2">{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Biopiracy |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/biopiracy |access-date=17 July 2020 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |publisher=Merriam-Webster}}</ref> An tattauna yarjejeniyoyi daban-daban na kasa da kasa don samar da kasashe damar shari'a a yayin da akayi amfani da kwayoyin halitta da kuma ba 'yan wasan kasuwanci tabbacin shari'a don saka hannun jari. Wadannan sun hada da Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] kan Bambancin Halitta da Yarjejeniya ta Nagoya.<ref name="CBD1"/><ref name="pmid32529587"/> WIPO a halin yanzu tana tattaunawa kan karin yarjejeniyoyi don magance gibin a wannan fagen. Sauran haɗarin dake tattare da binciken halittu sune yawan girbi na jinsuna da lalacewar muhalli, amma an samar da dokoki don magance waɗannan. Misalan sun haɗa da dokokin ƙasa kamar Dokar Kare Mammal ta Amurka da Dokar Dabbobi Masu Hadari ta Amurka, da yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kamar Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Bambancin Halitta, Yarjejeniyar UN kan Dokar Tekun, Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Treaty, da [[Tsarin Yarjejeniyar Antarctic|Yarjejeniyar Antarctic]] . <ref name="pmid32529587"/><ref name="pmid27652415">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Benson E |date=February 2012 |title=Endangered science: the regulation of research by the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection and Endangered Species Acts |journal=Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=30–61 |doi=10.1525/hsns.2012.42.1.30 |pmid=27652415}}</ref> == Abubuwan da aka samo daga binciken halittu da kayayyaki == === Aikin noma === [[Fayil:Ata_Sugar-apple_Pinha_Fruta_do_conde.JPG|right|thumb|Annonin-based biopesticides, wanda akayi amfani dashi don kare amfanin gona daga kwari da sauran kwari, an kirkiresu ne daga shuka ''Annona squamosa'' . ]] Abubuwan da aka samo daga binciken halittu da samfuran da akayi amfani dasu a aikin gona sun haɗa da biofertilizers, biopesticides da maganin rigakafi na dabbobi. ''Rhizobium'' wani nau'in kwayoyin cuta ne na ƙasa da ake amfani dasu azaman masu amfani da kwayoyin cuti, <ref name="pmid20879835">{{Cite journal |vauthors=John RP, Tyagi RD, Brar SK, Surampalli RY, Prévost D |date=September 2011 |title=Bio-encapsulation of microbial cells for targeted agricultural delivery |journal=Critical Reviews in Biotechnology |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=211–226 |doi=10.3109/07388551.2010.513327 |pmid=20879835 |s2cid=207467630}}</ref> ''Bacillus thuringiensis'' (wanda ake kira Bt) da annonins (wanda aka samo daga tsaba na shuka ''Annona squamosa'') misalai ne na maganin rigakafi ne, <ref name="pmid12598644">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Wei JZ, Hale K, Carta L, Platzer E, Wong C, Fang SC, Aroian RV |date=2003 |title=''Bacillus thuringiensis'' crystal proteins that target nematodes |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=100 |issue=5 |pages=2760–5 |bibcode=2003PNAS..100.2760W |doi=10.1073/pnas.0538072100 |pmc=151414 |pmid=12598644 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |display-authors=et al |date=September 1992 |title=Strains of ''Bacillus thuringiensis'' insecticidal compositions containing the same US5147640A |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US5147640A/en |access-date=2020-07-27}}</ref> da valnemulin da tiamulin (wanda aka gano kuma aka haɓaka daga basidiomycete fungi ''Omphalina mutila'' da ''Clitopilus passeckerianus'') misalai na maganin rigamunan dabbobi ne.<ref name="annonin2">{{Cite web |date=August 1987 |title=Pure annonin and a process for the preparation thereof US 4689232 A |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US4689232 |access-date=2020-07-27}}</ref><ref name="pmid16589015">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Kavanagh F, Hervey A, Robbins WJ |date=September 1951 |title=Antibiotic substances from basidiomycetes: VIII. ''Pleurotus multilus'' (Fr.) Sacc. and ''Pleurotus passeckerianus'' Pilat. |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=37 |issue=9 |pages=570–574 |bibcode=1951PNAS...37..570K |doi=10.1073/pnas.37.9.570 |pmc=1063423 |pmid=16589015 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="pmid28649239">{{Cite journal |vauthors=de Mattos-Shipley KM, Foster GD, and Bailey AM |date=June 2017 |title=Insights into the classical genetics of ''Clitopilus passeckerianus'' – the pleuromutilin producing mushroom |journal=Frontiers in Microbiology |volume=8 |pages=Article 1056 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2017.01056 |pmc=5465285 |pmid=28649239 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Gyara Rayuwa === Misalan samfuran bioprospecting da aka yi amfani dasu a cikin bioremediation sun haɗa da ''Coriolopsis gallica''- da ''Phanerochaete chrysosporium''-derived laccase enzymes, waɗanda akayi amfani dasu don magance ruwan da akayi da giya da kuma lalata da kuma lalata kayan aikin takarda.<ref name="pmid28330085"/> ==Kayan shafawa da kula da mutum == Kayan shafawa da kayayyakin kulawa da aka samo daga bioprospecting sun haɗa da ''Porphyridium cruentum''-derived oligosaccharide da oligoelement blends da akayi amfani dasu don magance erythema (Rosecea, flushing da duhu da'irori), <ref name="pmid24240981"/> ''Xanthobacter autotrophicus''-derived zeaxanthin da akayi aiki don ruwa da UV kariya, <ref name="pmid31214881"/> ''Clostridium histolyticum''-derivative collagenases da akayi dasu don sake farfado da [[fata]], <ref name="pmid31214881" /> ''Microsporum''-deriven keratinases da akayi šomi da akayi don cire gashi. == Nanotechnology da biosensors == Saboda laccases na microbial suna da kewayon substrate mai yawa, ana iya amfani dasu a cikin fasahar biosensor don gano nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta da yawa. Misali, ana amfani da electrodes masu dauke da laccase don gano mahaɗan polyphenolic a cikin ruwan inabi, da lignins da phenols a cikin Ruwa mai guba.<ref name="pmid28330085"/> ==Magunguna == [[File:Streptomyces_griseus.jpg|right|thumb|An gano maganin [[Tibi|tarin fuka]] streptomycin daga actinomycete ''Streptomyces griseus'' . <ref name="pmid32529587"/>]] Yawancin Magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta da ake amfani dasu a yanzu an gano su ta hanyar bioprospecting ciki har da aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, amphenicols, polymyxins, cephalosporins da sauran maganin rigakafin β-lactam, macrolides, pleuromutilins, glycopeptides, rifamycins, lincosamides, streptogramins, da maganin rigakafi na phosphonic acid.<ref name="pmid32529587"/> Misali, an gano maganin rigakafin aminoglycoside streptomycin daga kwayar cutar ''Streptomyces griseus'', an gano kwayar cutar fusidane daga kwayar halitta ''Acremonium fusidioides'', kuma an gano maganin maganin rigakafi na pleuromutilin (misali lefamulin) kuma an haɓaka shi daga kwayar cuta ta basidiomycete ''Omphalina mutila'' da ''Clitopilus passeckerianus'' . <ref name="pmid32529587" /><ref name="pmid16589015"/> Sauran misalai na magungunan rigakafin cututtukan cututtukat da aka samo daga bioprospecting sun haɗa da maganin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta griseofulvin (wanda aka gano daga ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin halitta na ƙasa mai suna ''Streptomyces nodosus''), <ref name="10.1071/ch13639">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Beekman AM, Barrow RA |year=2014 |title=Fungal metabolites as pharmaceuticals |journal=Australian Journal of Chemistry |volume=67 |issue=6 |pages=827–843 |doi=10.1071/ch13639}}</ref> maganin rigakafi na ƙwayoyin cutar ƙwayoyin jiki mai suna Artemisinin (wanda aka samo daga shuka ''Artemisia annua''), da maganin rigakatwa mai suna ivermectin (wanda aka haɓaka daga ƙwayohin ƙwayoyin jini mai suna Streepitomyces).<ref name="pmid22975171">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Procópio RE, Silva IR, Martins MK, Azevedo JL, Araújo JM |year=2012 |title=Antibiotics produced by ''Streptomyces'' |journal=The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=466–71 |doi=10.1016/j.bjid.2012.08.014 |pmid=22975171 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="pmid29077533"/><ref name="pmid24979951">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Kano S |date=May 2014 |title=Artemisinin-based combination therapies and their introduction in Japan |journal=Kansenshogaku Zasshi |volume=88 |issue=3 Suppl 9–10 |pages=18–25 |pmid=24979951}}</ref><ref name="pmid31544193">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Saraiva RG, Dimopoulos G |date=2020 |title=Bacterial natural products in the fight against mosquito-transmitted tropical diseases |journal=Natural Product Reports |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=338–354 |doi=10.1039/c9np00042a |pmid=31544193 |s2cid=202731385}}</ref> An kirkiro magungunan da aka samo daga binciken halittu don maganin cututtukan da ba sa yaduwa da kuma yanayin. Wadannan sun hada da maganin rigakafin cutar kansa [[Cone snail|kwari]]" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bleomycin">bleomycin (wanda aka samo daga kwayar cuta ta ƙasa ''Streptomyces verticillus''), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bleomycin |url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682125.html |access-date=27 July 2020 |publisher=US National Library of Medicine}}</ref> maganin rigakafi mai hana rigakafi ciclosporin da akayi amfani dashi don magance cututtukan rigakafi irin su rheumatoid arthritis da psoriasis (wanda aka samu daga ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙasa ''Tolypocladium inflatum''), maganin maganin rigakacin kumburi colchicine da akayi dashi don maganin cututtukansu (wanda aka samar daga shuke-tsarin Colchicine na Acetylum autnale), <ref name="pmid29077533"/> maganin cututtainus), [3] maganin maganin cututtarine da cututtukar cututtuken Acetine (wanda akayi amfani dashi daga cututtukatare na cututtukun Acetine), <ref name="pmid24078803"/> da cututtariteus), [4] da suka kamuwa da cututtsarin Acetine).<ref name="pmid23410167">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Russo P, Frustaci A, Del Bufalo A, Fini M, Cesario A |year=2013 |title=Multitarget drugs of plants origin acting on Alzheimer's disease |journal=Current Medicinal Chemistry |volume=20 |issue=13 |pages=1686–93 |doi=10.2174/0929867311320130008 |pmid=23410167}}</ref> == Binciken halittu a matsayin dabarun ganowa == Bioprospecting yana da ƙarfi da raunin a matsayin dabarun gano sabbin kwayoyin halitta, da kwayoyin da suka dace da cigaba da kasuwanci. ==Ƙarfi == [[Fayil:Halichondrin_B.svg|thumb|Halichondrin B, misali na tsarin rikitarwa da kuma muhimmiyar kayan halitta <ref name="pmid29440930">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Koliou P, Karavasilis V, Theochari M, Pollack SM, Jones RL, Thway K |date=February 2018 |title=Advances in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma: focus on eribulin |journal=Cancer Management and Research |volume=10 |issue= |pages=207–216 |doi=10.2147/CMAR.S143019 |pmc=5798537 |pmid=29440930 |doi-access=free}}</ref>]] ƙananan kwayoyin da aka samo daga binciken halittu (wanda akafi sani da samfuran halitta) sun fi rikitarwa fiye da sunadarai na roba, sabili da haka suna nuna mafi girman takamaiman ga manufofi na halitta. Wannan babban fa'ida ne a cikin ganowa da ci gaba da magunguna, musamman fannoni na magunguna na ganowa da haɓaka, inda tasirin da ba'ayi niyya bazai iya haifar da mummunan halayen magunguna.<ref name="pmid32529587"/> Kayan halitta sun fi dacewa da jigilar membrane fiye da mahaɗan roba. Wannan yana da fa'ida yayin haɓaka magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda zai iya buƙatar ratsa duka membrane na waje da membrane na plasma don isa ga burinsu.<ref name="pmid32529587"/> Ga wasu sababbin kimiyyar halittu don aiki, yana da mahimmanci a sami enzymes waɗanda ke aiki a yanayin zafi mai yawa ko ƙasa. Misali na wannan shine polymerase chain reaction (PCR), wanda ya dogara da DNA polymerase wanda zai iya aiki a 60 ° C da sama.<ref name="pmid33643258"/> A wasu yanayi, misali dephosphorylation, yana iya zama abin sha'awa a gudanar da martani a low zafin jiki.<ref name="pmid24078803"/> Extremophile bioprospecting muhimmiyar tushe ce ta irin waɗannan enzymes, suna samar da enzymes masu tsayayya da zafi kamar <nowiki><i id="mwAWM">Taq</i></nowiki> polymerase (daga ''Thermus aquaticus''), <ref name="pmid33643258" /> da enzymes da suka dace da sanyi kamar shrimp alkaline phosphatase (daga ''Pandalus borealis''). <ref name="pmid24078803" /> Tare da Yarjejeniyar Biological Diversity (CBD) yanzu da yawancin ƙasashe suka tabbatar, bioprospecting yana da damar kawo kasashe masu wadataccen halittu da fasaha tare, da kuma amfana dasu duka a ilimi da tattalin arziki (misali raba bayanai, canja wurin fasaha, sabon ci gaban samfur, biyan kuɗi). <ref name="CBD1"/><ref name="Sandhu01">{{Cite web |title=Bioprospecting: Pros and Cons |url=http://www.hillagric.ac.in/edu/covas/vpharma/winter%20school/lectures/21%20Bioprospecting%20Pros%20and%20cons.pdf |access-date=7 July 2021 |publisher=Punjab Agricultural University}}</ref> Ga kwayoyin da aka gano ta hanyar binciken microbial, sikelin samarwa yana yiwuwa a farashi mai kyau saboda ana iya al'ada kwayar cuta a cikin bioreactor.<ref name="pmid31214881"/><ref name="APR2021">{{Cite web |title=Pharmaceutical bioreactor / fermentor |url=https://www.americanpharmaceuticalreview.com/Bioprocessing/25566-Pharmaceutical-Bioreactor-Fermentor/ |access-date=7 July 2021 |publisher=American Pharmaceutical Review}}</ref> === Rashin ƙarfi === [[Fayil:Koeh-146-no_text.jpg|thumb|Zingiber officinale, misali na tsire-tsire na magani da akayi amfani da su a al'adu da yawa <ref name="pmid26106644">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ahmad B, Rehman MU, Amin I, Arif A, Rasool S, Bhat SA, Afzal I, Hussain I, Bilal S, Mir M |date=2015 |title=A review on pharmacological properties of zingerone (4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone) |journal=ScientificWorldJournal |volume=2015 |issue= |pages=Article 816364 |doi=10.1155/2015/816364 |pmc=4461790 |pmid=26106644 |doi-access=free}}</ref>]] Kodayake an san wasu kwayoyin da zasu iya amfani sosai a cikin yanayi (misali kwayoyin lignocellulose-metabolizing), an fuskanci matsaloli wajen noma waɗannan a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje.<ref name="ASM2006">{{Cite web |title=Microbial energy conversion |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563531/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK563531.pdf |access-date=7 July 2021 |publisher=American Society for Microbiology}}</ref> Wannan matsala na iya warwarewa ta hanyar sarrafa kwayoyin halitta masu sauƙin al'ada kamar ''Escherichia coli'' ko ''Streptomyces coelicolor'' don bayyana tarin kwayoyin halitta dake da alhakin aikin da akeso.<ref name="pmid33643258"/><ref name="pmid33510482">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Atanasov AG, Zotchev SB, Dirsch VM, INPST, Supuran CT |date=January 2021 |title=Natural products in drug discovery: advances and opportunities |journal=Nature Reviews Drug Discovery |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=200–216 |doi=10.1038/s41573-020-00114-z |pmc=7841765 |pmid=33510482}}</ref> Keɓewa da gano fili (s) dake da alhakin aikin kwayar halitta na iya zama da wahala.<ref name="pmid33510482"/> Har ila yau, bayanin da ya biyo baya game da tsarin aikin mahaɗin da aka ware na iya cin lokaci.<ref name="pmid33510482" /> Ci gaban fasaha a cikin ruwa chromatography, Mass spectrometry da sauran dabarun suna taimakawa wajen shawo kan waɗannan ƙalubalen.<ref name="pmid33510482" /> Aiwatar da aiwatar da yarjejeniyoyi da dokoki masu alaƙa da binciken halittu ba koyaushe yake da sauƙi ba.<ref name="CBD1"/><ref name="Sandhu01"/> Ci gaban miyagun ƙwayoyi tsari ne mai tsada da cin lokaci tare da ƙarancin nasara, kuma wannan yasa ya zama da wahala a ƙididdige darajar samfuran da za'a iya amfani dasu yayin tsara yarjejeniyar binciken halittu.<ref name="CBD1" /> Hakkin mallakar ilimi na iya zama da wahala a bada kyauta. Misali, haƙƙin doka ga tsire-tsire na magani na iya zama mai rikitarwa idan mutane daban-daban ne suka gano shi a sassa daban-daban na duniya a lokuta daban-daban.<ref name="CBD1" /> Duk da yake rikitarwa na tsari na samfuran halitta yana da fa'ida a cikin binciken magani, yana iya sa ƙera ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta da wuya. Wannan matsala wani lokacin ana iya warware ta hanyar gano ɓangaren tsarin samfurin halitta wanda ke da alhakin aiki da haɓaka analog ɗin roba mai sauƙi. Wannan ya zama dole tare da samfurin halitta halichondrin B, sauƙaƙe analog eribulin yanzu an amince da shi kuma ana tallata shi azaman maganin maganin cutar kansa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Success story: halichondrin B (NSC 609395) E7389 (NSC 707389) |url=http://www.dtp.nci.nih.gov/timeline/noflash/success_stories/S4_halichondrinB.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710205200/http://dtp.nci.nih.gov/timeline/noflash/success_stories/S4_halichondrinB.htm |archive-date=2009-07-10 |publisher=Developmental Therapeutics Program, [[National Cancer Institute]]}}</ref> == Rashin tabbas na nazarin halittu == Kuskuren da kuma wuce gona da iri na iya faruwa a matakai daban-daban a cikin tsarin binciken halittu ciki har da tattara kayan tushe, tantance kayan tushe don aikin rayuwa, gwajin mahaɗan da aka ware don guba, da kuma gano hanyar aiki. === Tarin kayan tushe === [[Fayil:Allurus_muricatus_JS10_00405_lateral.jpg|right|thumb|Gudanar da Voucher yana ba da damar sake kimanta asalin jinsuna idan akwai matsaloli dake sake ware wani abu mai aiki daga tushen halitta.<ref name="pmid32529587">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cushnie TP, Cushnie B, Echeverría J, Fowsantear W, Thammawat S, Dodgson JL, Law S, Clow SM |date=June 2020 |title=Bioprospecting for antibacterial drugs: a multidisciplinary perspective on natural product source material, bioassay selection and avoidable pitfalls |url=https://zenodo.org/record/3909383 |journal=Pharmaceutical Research |volume=37 |issue=7 |pages=Article 125 |doi=10.1007/s11095-020-02849-1 |pmid=32529587 |s2cid=219590658}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCushnieCushnieEcheverríaFowsantear2020">Cushnie TP, Cushnie B, Echeverría J, Fowsantear W, Thammawat S, Dodgson JL, Law S, Clow SM (June 2020). [https://zenodo.org/record/3909383 "Bioprospecting for antibacterial drugs: a multidisciplinary perspective on natural product source material, bioassay selection and avoidable pitfalls"]. ''Pharmaceutical Research''. '''37''' (7): Article 125. [[Doi (masu ganewa)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s11095-020-02849-1|10.1007/s11095-020-02849-1]]. [[PMID (masu ganowa)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32529587 32529587]. [[S2CID (masu ganewa)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:219590658 219590658].</cite></ref>]] Kafin tattara kayan [[Biology|halitta]] ko ilimin gargajiya, dole ne a sami izini daidai daga asalin ƙasar, mai mallakar ƙasa da sauransu. Rashin yin hakan na iya haifar da aikata laifuka da kin amincewa da duk wani aikace-aikacen patent na gaba. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci a tattara kayan halittu a cikin isasshen adadi, don samun kayan halittu da aka gano a hukumance, da kuma saka samfurin takardar shaidar tare da ajiya don adanawa da adanawa na dogon lokaci. Wannan yana taimakawa tabbatar da cewa duk wani muhimmin binciken da aka gano ana iya sake shi.<ref name="pmid32529587"/><ref name="pmid24078803"/> === Bioactivity da gwajin guba === Lokacin da aka cire gwaje-gwaje da mahadi masu rarrabe don bioactivity da guba, amfani da daidaitattun ladabi (misali CLSI, ISO, NIH, EURL ECVAM, OECD) yana da kyau saboda wannan yana inganta daidaito na sakamakon gwajin da sakewa. Har ila yau, idan tushen kayan yana iya ƙunshe da sanannun (wanda aka gano a baya) mahadi masu aiki (misali streptomycin a cikin yanayin actinomycetes), to, yazama dole a cire waɗannan abubuwan da mahadi daga bututun binciken da wuri-wuri. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da tasirin mai narkewa a kan sel ko layin tantanin halitta da ake gwadawa, don haɗawa da mahadi masu tushe (watau mahadi masu tsabta waɗanda keda cikakkiyar bioactivity da bayanan guba), don saita iyakoki akan lambar sashi na layin tantancewa (misali sassan 10-20), don haɗawa ga duk abubuwan da suka dace masu kyau da marasa kyau, da kuma sanin iyakokin gwaji. Wadannan matakai suna taimakawa wajen tabbatar da sakamakon gwaji daidai ne, ana iya sake shi kuma ana fassara shi daidai.<ref name="pmid32529587"/><ref name="pmid24078803"/> === Bayyana tsarin aiki === Lokacin ƙoƙarin bayyana tsarin aikin wani abu ko fili mai zaman kansa, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da gwaje-gwaje masu yawa. Yin amfani da gwaji guda ɗaya kawai, musamman gwaji guda ɗaya na ''in vitro'', yana ba da hoto mara cikakke na wani abu ko tasirin fili a jikin mutum.<ref name="pmid17317057">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Houghton PJ, Howes MJ, Lee CC, Steventon G |date=April 2007 |title=Uses and abuses of ''in vitro'' tests in ethnopharmacology: visualizing an elephant |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |volume=110 |issue=3 |pages=391–400 |doi=10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.032 |pmid=17317057}}</ref><ref name="pmid25634295">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Dahlin JL, Nissink JW, Strasser JM, Francis S, Higgins L, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Walters MA |date=March 2015 |title=PAINS in the assay: chemical mechanisms of assay interference and promiscuous enzymatic inhibition observed during a sulfhydryl-scavenging HTS |journal=Journal of Medicinal Chemistry |volume=58 |issue=5 |pages=2091–2113 |doi=10.1021/jm5019093 |pmc=4360378 |pmid=25634295}}</ref> A cikin yanayin ''Valeriana officinalis'' tushen cirewa, alal misali, tasirin dake haifar da barci na wannan cirewa saboda mahadi da hanyoyin da suka hada da hulɗa tare da Masu karɓar GABA da shakatawa na tsoka mai santsi.<ref name="pmid17317057" /> Hakanan za'a iya kuskuren tsarin aiki na fili mai zaman kansa idan akayi amfani da gwaji guda ɗaya saboda wasu mahadi suna tsoma baki tare da gwaje-gwaje. Misali, gwajin sulfhydryl-scavenging da akayi amfani dashi don gano histone acetyltransferase inhibition na iya bada sakamako mai kyau idan mahaɗin gwajin ya amsa tare da cysteines.<ref name="pmid25634295" /> == Rashin hankula == Pat Mooney ne ya kirkiro kalmar biopiracy, <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> don bayyana aikin da wasu ke amfani da ilimin asali na yanayi, wanda ya samo asali ne daga 'Yan asalin ƙasar, don riba, ba tare da izini ko diyya ga' yan asalin ƙasar da kansu ba. <ref>{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> Misali, lokacin da masu binciken halittu suka yi amfani da ilimin asali na tsire-tsire na magani wanda daga baya kamfanonin kiwon lafiya suka ba da izini ba tare da sanin gaskiyar cewa ilimin ba sabon abu ba ne ko kuma mai bada izinin ya kirkireshi ba, wannan yana hana al'ummar 'yan asalin damar da suka samu ga samfurin kasuwanci wanda aka samo daga fasahar da kansu suka bunkasa ba.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> Masu sukar wannan aikin, kamar [[Greenpeace]], suna da'awar cewa waɗannan ayyukan suna ba da gudummawa ga rashin daidaito tsakanin ƙasashe masu tasowa masu wadata da bambancin halittu, da ƙasashe masu cigaba dake karɓar kamfanonin [[Biotechnology|biotech]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Agriculture and Food |url=http://www.greenpeace.org/australia/issues/GE/overview/causes/corporate/patents-and-biopiracy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919153226/http://www.greenpeace.org/australia/issues/GE/overview/causes/corporate/patents-and-biopiracy |archive-date=2008-09-19 |access-date=2013-11-04 |website=Green Peace Australia Pacific: What We Do: Food |publisher=[[Greenpeace]]}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> A cikin shekarun 1990s yawancin manyan kamfanonin magunguna da magunguna sun amsa ga cajin biopiracy ta hanyar dakatar da aiki a kan kayayyakin halitta, suna juyawa zuwa ilmin sunadarai don haɓaka sabbin mahadi.<ref name=":1"/> == Shahararrun shari'o'in satar halittu == [[Fayil:Catharanthus_roseus_white_CC-BY-SA.jpg|right|thumb|Fararen periwinkle mai ruwan hoda]] Rosy periwinkle case ya samo asali ne daga shekarun 1950. Rosy periwinkle, yayin da yake asalin [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]], an gabatar dashi a wasu ƙasashe masu zafi a duniya kafin gano vincristine. An bayar da rahoton kasashe daban-daban da suka sami imani daban-daban game da kaddarorin kiwon lafiya na shuka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A traditional brew leads to cancer cure |url=http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/migrations/zoofood/rosper.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140621011629/http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/migrations/zoofood/rosper.html |archive-date=2014-06-21 |access-date=2013-11-04 |website=Smithsonian Institution: Migrations in history: Medical Technology |publisher=Smithsonian Institution}}</ref> Wannan yana nufin cewa masu bincike zasu iya samun ilimin gida daga wata ƙasa kuma su shuka samfurori daga wata. Amfani da shuka don [[Ciwon suga|Ciwon sukari]] shine asalin motsawa don bincike. An gano tasiri a cikin maganin Hodgkin lymphoma da leukemia a maimakon haka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hafstein |first=Valdimar Tr |name-list-style=vanc |date=26 July 2004 |title=The Politics of Origins: Collective Creation Revisited |journal=Journal of American Folklore |volume=117 |issue=465 |pages=300–315 |doi=10.1353/jaf.2004.0073 |s2cid=145691975}}</ref> Magungunan Hodgkin lymphoma chemotherapeutic vinblastin ana iya samo shine daga periwinkle mai laushi.<ref name="Karasov">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Karasov C |date=December 2001 |title=Focus: who reaps the benefits of biodiversity? |journal=Environmental Health Perspectives |volume=109 |issue=12 |pages=A582-7 |doi=10.2307/3454734 |jstor=3454734 |pmc=1240518 |pmid=11748021}}</ref> === Rikici na Maya ICBG === Rikici na binciken halittu na Maya ICBG ya faru ne a cikin 1999-2000, lokacin da aka zargi Ƙungiyar Haɗin Kai ta Duniya da Masanin ilimin halittu Brent Berlin da shiga cikin nau'ikan binciken halittu da basu dace bata hanyar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da kungiyoyin 'yan asalin ƙasar. ICBG ta yi niyyar yin rikodin bambancin halittu na Chiapas, [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]], da kuma ilimin ethnobotanical na 'yan asalin Maya - don tabbatar da ko akwai yiwuwar haɓaka samfuran kiwon lafiya bisa ga kowane tsire-tsire da kungiyoyin' yan asalin sukayi amfani dasu.<ref name="Hayden2003">{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> Shari'ar Maya ICBG ta kasance daga cikin na farko da ta jawo hankali ga matsalolin rarrabewa tsakanin nau'ikan bioprospecting da biopiracy mara kyau, da kuma matsalolin tabbatar da shiga cikin al'umma da kuma amincewar da aka ba da labari ga masu binciken bioprospectors.<ref name="Lavery2007">{{Cite book|last1=vanc}}</ref> === Itacen neem === [[Fayil:Neemtree.jpg|right|thumb|Itacen neem]] A cikin 1994, Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka da W. R. Grace da Kamfanin sun sami takardar shaidar Turai kan hanyoyin sarrafa cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin tsire-tsire ta amfani da abun da ya haɗa da abubuwan da aka cire daga itacen [[Icen Dalbejiya (Azadirachta Indica)|neem]] (Azadirachta indica), wanda ke girma a duk faɗin [[Indiya]] da [[Nepal]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Method for controlling fungi on plants by the aid of a hydrophobic extracted neem oil |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/EP0436257B1/en |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=google.com}}</ref> <ref name="NatureBiotechneem">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Sheridan C |date=May 2005 |title=EPO neem patent revocation revives biopiracy debate |journal=Nature Biotechnology |volume=23 |issue=5 |pages=511–12 |doi=10.1038/nbt0505-511 |pmid=15877054 |s2cid=29690410}}</ref> A shekara ta 2000 kungiyoyi dayawa daga EU da Indiya sunyi nasarar adawa da takardar shaidar ta hanyar tsayayya da ita ta hanyar tsaron EU, [[Vandana Shiva]], da kuma Tarayyar Kasa da Kasa ta Motsi na Aikin Gona (IFOAM) bisa ga cewa an san aikin fungicidal na ƙwayar neem a cikin maganin gargajiya na Indiya.<ref name="NatureBiotechneem" /> WR Grace ta daukaka kara kuma ta rasa a shekara ta 2005. == Shinkafa ta Basmati == A cikin shekara ta 1997, kamfanin RiceTec na Amurka (wani reshe na RiceTec AG na Liechtenstein) yayi ƙoƙari yabada izini ga wasu nau'ikan shinkafa na basmati da shinkafa mai tsawo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rice lines bas 867 rt1117 and rt112 |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US5663484C1/en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430165947/https://patents.google.com/patent/US5663484C1/en |archive-date=30 April 2018 |access-date=30 April 2018 |website=google.com}}</ref> Gwamnatin Indiya ta kalubalanci wannan takardar shaidar kuma, a cikin shekara ta 2002, goma sha biyar daga cikin takardar shaidarsa ashirin sun zama marasa inganci.<ref name="10.2139/ssrn.1143209">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mukherjee U |date=June 2008 |title=A study of the basmati case (India-US basmati rice dispute): The geographical indication perspective |journal=[[Social Science Research Network|SSRN]] |doi=10.2139/ssrn.1143209 |s2cid=130991379 |ssrn=1143209}}</ref> ==Yaƙin Enola == [[Fayil:"Enola"_Bean_4_(3887465932).jpg|right|thumb|Yaƙin Enola]] Enola bean iri-iri ne na ruwan hoda mai launin rawaya na Mexico, wanda ake kira bayan matar mutumin da yabada izini a shekarar 1999. <ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Pallottini L, Garcia E, Kami J, Barcaccia G, Gepts P |date=1 May 2004 |title=The Genetic Anatomy of a Patented Yellow Bean |url=http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/44/3/968 |journal=Crop Science |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=968–977 |doi=10.2135/cropsci2004.0968 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050418042121/http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/44/3/968 |archive-date=18 April 2005}}</ref> Abubuwan da ake zargin bambance-bambance na iri-iri shine tsaba na takamaiman inuwa na rawaya. Mai mallakar takardar shaidar daga baya ya kai karar masu shigo da wake masu launin rawaya na Mexico tare da sakamakon da ya biyo baya: "... tallace-tallace na fitarwa nan da nan ya sauka sama da 90% tsakanin masu shigo da kaya dake sayar da waɗannan wake shekaru dayawa, wanda ya haifar da lalacewar tattalin arziki ga manoma sama da 22,000 a arewacin Mexico waɗanda suka dogara da tallace-kashen wannan wake. " An shigar da karar a madadin manoma kuma, a cikin 2005, US-PTO tayi mulki a madadin Manoma.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Danielle |name-list-style=vanc |year=2003 |title=Jack and the Enola Bean |url=http://www1.american.edu/TED/enola-bean.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110023325/http://www1.american.edu/TED/enola-bean.htm |archive-date=2013-11-10 |access-date=2013-11-04 |website=TED Case Studies Number xxx |publisher=Danielle Goldberg}}</ref> A shekara ta 2008, an soke takardar shaidar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2008 |title=US Patent Office rejects company's claim for bean commonly grown by Latin American farmers |url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2008-04/bc-upo043008.php |publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}}</ref> ==''Hoodia gordonii'' == [[Fayil:Hoodia_gordonii_P1010383.JPG|right|thumb|Hoton mai suna ''Hoodia gordonii'']] ''Hoodia gordonii'', shuka mai ɗanɗano, ya samo asali ne daga hamadar Kalahari ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. Domin tsararraki an san shi ga [[Mutanen San]] da ke rayuwa a al'ada a matsayin mai hana cin abinci. A cikin 1996 Majalisar Afirka ta Kudu don Binciken Kimiyya da Masana'antu tafara aiki tare da kamfanoni, gami da Unilever, don haɓaka ƙarin abinci bisa ga ''Hoodia''.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Maharaj, VJ, Senabe, JV, Horak RM |date=2008 |title=''Hoodia'', a case study at CSIR. Science real and relevant |url=https://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/handle/10204/2539 |journal=2nd CSIR Biennial Conference, CSIR International Convention Centre Pretoria, 17&18 November 2008 |page=4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vermeylen |first=Saskia |name-list-style=vanc |year=2007 |title=Contextualizing 'Fair' and 'Equitable': The San's Reflections on the ''Hoodia'' Benefit-Sharing Agreement |journal=Local Environment |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=423–436 |doi=10.1080/13549830701495252 |s2cid=153467522}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Wynberg |first=Rachel |name-list-style=vanc |date=2013-10-13 |title=Hot air over ''Hoodia'' |url=http://www.grain.org/article/entries/4047-hot-air-over-hoodia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103223041/http://www.grain.org/article/entries/4047-hot-air-over-hoodia |archive-date=2013-11-03 |access-date=2013-11-03 |website=Grain: Publications: Seedling |publisher=Grain}}</ref> Asalin mutanen San ba'a shirya su sami wata fa'ida daga kasuwanci na ilimin gargajiya ba, amma a cikin 2003 Majalisar San ta Afirka ta Kudu ta yi yarjejeniya da CSIR inda zasu sami daga 6 zuwa 8% na kudaden shiga daga sayar da kayayyakin ''Hoodia''. A shekara ta 2008 bayan sun saka Yuro miliyan 20 a cikin R&D a kan ''Hoodia'' a matsayin mai yuwuwar sinadarin abinci don asarar nauyi, Unilever ta dakatar da aikin saboda binciken asibiti bai nuna cewa ''Hoodia'' yana da aminci kuma yana da inganci don kawowa kasuwa ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nutrition &#124; Unilever |url=http://www.unilever.com.au/sustainability/nutrition/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413132944/http://www.unilever.com.au/sustainability/nutrition/ |archive-date=2014-04-13 |access-date=2014-04-10}}</ref> ==Ƙarin shari'o'i == Wadannan sune zaɓin ƙarin shari'o'in da suka faru kwanan nan na biopiracy. Yawancin su basu da alaƙa da magungunan gargajiya. * Kashi talatin da shida na satar halittu a Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Africa suffers 36 cases of biopiracy |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/public_agenda/article.php?ID=5062 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130124003628/http://www.ghanaweb.com/public_agenda/article.php?ID=5062 |archive-date=January 24, 2013 |access-date=31 March 2006 |publisher=GhanaWeb}}</ref> * Labarin abin sha na mutanen Maya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biopiracy - a new threat to indigenous rights and culture in Mexico |url=http://www.globalexchange.org/countries/americas/mexico/biopiracy.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051013101935/http://www.globalexchange.org/countries/americas/mexico/biopiracy.pdf |archive-date=October 13, 2005 |access-date=13 October 2005 |publisher=Global Exchange}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Biopiracy: the appropriation of indigenous peoples' cultural knowledge |url=http://www.nesl.edu/intljournal/vol9/degeer.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030925235120/http://www.nesl.edu/intljournal/vol9/degeer.pdf |archive-date=September 25, 2003 |access-date=27 February 2008 |publisher=New England Law}}</ref> * Lamarin Maya da sauran mutane suna amfani da ''Mimosa tenuiflora'' da sauran lokuta dayawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Of patents & piⓇates |url=https://www.grain.org/en/article/53-of-patents-pi-ates |access-date=18 July 2020 |publisher=Genetic Resources Action International}}</ref> * Lamarin ''maca'' radish na Andean.<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 October 2019 |title=Maca: the dubious aphrodisiac Chinese biopirates took from Peru |url=https://dialogochino.net/en/agriculture/31279-maca-the-dubious-aphrodisiac-chinese-biopirates-took-from-peru/ |access-date=18 July 2020 |publisher=Dialogo Chino}}</ref> * Abubuwan da suka shafi ''turmeric'' (India), ''karela'' (India), ''quinoa'' (Bolivia), ''Mantuwa'' da 'ya'yan itace (Gabon), da sauransu. <ref name="pt">{{Cite web |date=May 6, 2010 |title=Know Instances of Patenting on the UES of Medicinal Plants in India |url=http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=61511 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100510005340/http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=61511 |archive-date=May 10, 2010 |publisher=PIB, Ministry of Environment and Forests}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The United Kingdom Select Committee on Environmental Audit 1999; Appendices to the Minutes of Evidence, Appendix 7: Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) and Farmers' Rights |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmenvaud/45/45ap08.htm |access-date=18 July 2020 |publisher=www.parliament.uk}}</ref> * Labarin captopril (wanda aka haɓaka daga guba ta ƙabilar Brazil). <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2010 |title=Brazil to step up crackdown on "biopiracy" |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-biopiracy-idUSTRE6BL37820101222 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907145405/http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/12/22/us-brazil-biopiracy-idUSTRE6BL37820101222 |archive-date=7 September 2012 |access-date=18 July 2020 |website=Ruters}}</ref> == Al'amuran shari'a da siyasa == ==Dokar haƙƙin mallaka == Ɗaya daga cikin rashin fahimta na yau da kullun shine kamfanonin magunguna sun bada izini ga tsire-tsire da suke tattarawa. Duk da yake samun takardar shaidar a kan kwayar halitta kamar yadda aka sani ko aka yi amfani da ita a baya bazai yiwu ba, ana iya fitar da takardun shaida a kan takamaiman sunadarai da aka ware ko haɓaka daga tsire-tsire. Sau dayawa ana samun waɗannan takardun shaida tare da bayyanawa da bincike game da amfani da waɗannan sunadarai.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2007}}[ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] Gabaɗaya wanzuwar, tsari da kira na waɗancan mahadi ba wani ɓangare ne na ilimin likitanci na asali wanda ya jagoranci masu bincike su bincika shuka da farko. A sakamakon haka, koda kuwa an dauki ilimin likitanci na asali a matsayin fasaha ta baya, wannan ilimin da kansa bayasa mahaɗin sinadarai mai aiki "a bayyane" wanda shine ma'auni da akayi amfani dashi a ƙarƙashin dokar patent. A cikin [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]], ana iya amfani da dokar patent don kare mahadi "mai keɓewa da tsarkakewa" - har ma, a cikin misali ɗaya, sabon sinadarin sunadarai (duba USP 3,156,523). A cikin 1873, [[Louis Pasteur]] ya ba da izini ga "yisti" wanda "ba shi da cuta" (patent # 141072). An bi da takardun shaida da ke rufe abubuwan kirkirar halittu iri ɗaya. A cikin shari'ar 1980 na ''[[Diamond v. Chakrabarty]]'', [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Koli]] ta amince da takardar shaidar a kan kwayar cuta da aka gyara ta hanyar kwayar cuti don cinye man fetur, tana tunanin cewa dokar Amurka ta bada izinin takardar shaidaya a kan "duk abin da mutum yayi a ƙarƙashin rana". Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da Trademark (USPTO) ya lura cewa "takardar shaidar kan kwayar halitta ta rufe kwayar halitta da aka ware kuma ta tsarkake amma ba ta rufe kwaya kamar yadda take faruwa a cikin yanayi". Hakanan yana yiwuwa a ƙarƙashin dokar Amurka shine ba da izini ga cultivar, sabon nau'in kwayoyin dake akwai. Takardar shaidar a kan wake na Enola (yanzu an soke shi) <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 2009 |title=Mexican yellow bean patent finally cooked |url=http://www.patentlyo.com/patent/2009/07/mexican-yellow-bean-patent-finally-cooked.html |access-date=27 July 2020 |website=PatentlyO}}</ref> misali ne na irin wannan takardar shaidar. Dokokin mallakar ilimi na Amurka sun kuma amince da haƙƙin masu shuka a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kare Tsire-tsire, 7 USC §§ 2321-2582.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=James Ming |name-list-style=vanc |year=2006 |title=The Parable of the Seeds: Interpreting the Plant Variety Protection Act in Furtherance of Innovation Policy |journal=Notre Dame Law Review |volume=81 |issue=4 |pages=105–166 |ssrn=784189}}</ref>&nbsp; ==Yarjejeniyar Biological Diversity == [[Fayil:Convention_on_Biological_Diversity2.svg|thumb|   ]] Yarjejeniyar Biological Diversity (CBD) ta fara aiki a 1993. Ya sami haƙƙin sarrafa damar samun albarkatun kwayar halitta ga ƙasashen da waɗannan albarkatun suke. Ɗaya daga cikin manufofin CBD shine don bada damar ƙasashe masu tasowa don amfana da albarkatunsu da ilimin gargajiya. A karkashin ka'idojin CBD, ana buƙatar masu binciken halittu don samun izinin samun damar samun irin waɗannan albarkatun, kuma dole ne su raba duk fa'idodi tare da ƙasar dake da wadataccen halittu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 2012 |title=Cracking down on wildlife trafficking. |url=http://www.scienceinschool.org/2012/issue24/juliana |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812213818/http://www.scienceinschool.org/2012/issue24/juliana |archive-date=12 August 2014 |website=Image |quote=CBD stating that the benefits arising from the use of genetic resources should be shared in a fair and equitable way (Rau, 2010)}}</ref> Koyaya, wasu masu sukar sunyi imanin cewa CBD ta kasa kafa ƙa'idodi masu dacewa don hana satar halittu. Sauran suna da'awar cewa babban matsalar ita ce gazawar gwamnatocin ƙasa don zartar da dokoki masu dacewa da aiwatar da tanadin CBD.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Policy Commissions |url=http://www.iccwbo.org/about-icc/policy-commissions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102193344/http://www.iccwbo.org/about-icc/policy-commissions/ |archive-date=2013-11-02 |access-date=2013-11-03 |website=International Chamber of Commerce: About ICC |publisher=International Chamber of Commerce}}</ref> Yarjejeniyar Nagoya ga CBD, wacce ta fara aiki a cikin 2014, ta bada ƙarin ƙa'idodi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 2020 |title=The Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing |url=https://www.cbd.int/abs/ |access-date=2020-08-01 |website=United Nations Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity}}</ref> Kasashe 196 da hukunce-hukuncen duniya sun tabbatar da CBD, sun yarda ko kuma sun yarda da ita, tare da banbanci ciki har da Mai Tsarki da [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]].<ref name="196parties">{{Cite web |date=April 2011 |title=Convention on Biological Diversity: List of parties |url=https://www.cbd.int/information/parties.shtml |access-date=2020-08-03 |website=United Nations Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity}}</ref> ==Yarjejeniyar Bincike == Abubuwan da ake buƙata don binciken halittu kamar yadda CBD ta saita sun kirkiro sabon reshe na haƙƙin mallaka na duniya da Dokar kasuwanci, kwangilar binciken halittu.<ref name="CBD1"/> Kundin bincike na halittu ya kafa ka'idojin raba fa'idodi tsakanin masu bincike da ƙasashe, kuma yana iya kawo sarauta ga Kasashe masu tasowa. Koyaya, kodayake waɗannan kwangila sun dogara ne akan yardar da aka ba da labari da diyya (ba kamar biopiracy ba), kowane mai shi ko mai ɗaukar ilimin asali da albarkatun ba koyaushe ake tuntuɓar ko biyan diyya ba, saboda zai zama da wahala a tabbatar da cewa an haɗa kowane mutum.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shiva |first=Vandana |name-list-style=vanc |date=2007 |title=Bioprospecting as Sophisticated Biopiracy |journal=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society |language=en |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=307–313 |doi=10.1086/508502 |issn=0097-9740 |s2cid=144229002}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Millum |first=Joseph |name-list-style=vanc |date=2010 |title=How Should the Benefits of Bioprospecting Be Shared? |journal=Hastings Center Report |language=en |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=24–33 |doi=10.1353/hcr.0.0227 |issn=1552-146X |pmc=4714751 |pmid=20169653}}</ref> Saboda wannan, wasu sun ba da shawarar cewa 'yan asalin ko wasu al'ummomi sun samar da wani nau'i na wakilin karamin gwamnati wanda zai tattauna da masu bincike don samar da kwangila ta hanyar da al'umma zata amfana daga shirye-shiryen.<ref name=":2" /> Ana iya kallon kwangilar bioprospecting mara kyau (kamar yadda ya bambanta da na ɗabi'a) a matsayin sabon nau'in biopiracy. Misali na kwangilar bioprospecting shine yarjejeniyar tsakanin Merck da INBio na Costa Ruwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Eberlee |first=John |name-list-style=vanc |date=2000-01-21 |title=Assessing the Benefits of Bioprospecting in Latin America |url=http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca/dspace/bitstream/10625/32433/1/114581.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623025334/http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca/dspace/bitstream/10625/32433/1/114581.pdf |archive-date=2013-06-23 |access-date=2013-11-03 |website=IDRC Reports Online |publisher=IDRC}}</ref> ==Bayanan ilimin gargajiya == Saboda shari'o'in da suka gabata na biopiracy da kuma hana ƙarin shari'oʼi, Gwamnatin Indiya ta canza bayanan gargajiya na Indiya daga rubuce-rubucen tsohuwar da sauran albarkatun zuwa albarkatun lantarki; wannan ya haifar da Laburaren Al'adun Al'ada a cikin 2001.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Bisht TS, Sharma SK, Sati RC, Rao VK, Yadav VK, Dixit AK, Sharma AK, Chopra CS |date=March 2015 |title=Improvement of efficiency of oil extraction from wild apricot kernels by using enzymes |journal=Journal of Food Science and Technology |volume=52 |issue=3 |pages=1543–51 |doi=10.1007/s13197-013-1155-z |pmc=4348260 |pmid=25745223}}</ref> Ana rubuta matani daga Tamil, [[Sanskrit]], [[Urdu]], [[Farisawa|Farisa]] da [[Larabci]]; ana samun su ga ofisoshin patent a Turanci, Jamusanci, Faransanci, Jafananci da Mutanen Espanya. Manufar itace kare al'adun Indiya daga kamfanonin kasashen waje dake amfani dasu. Ana kuma adana daruruwan yoga a cikin tarin.<ref name=":3" /> Har ila yau, ɗakin karatu ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyoyi tare da manyan Ofisoshin patent na kasa da kasa kamar su Ofishin Patent na Turai (EPO), Ofishin Trademark & Patent na Burtaniya (UKTPO) da Ofishin Patent da Trademark na Amurka don kare ilimin gargajiya daga biopiracy yayin da yake bada damar masu jarrabawa a Ofisoshin Patent na Duniya don samun damar bayanan TKDL don bincike da jarrabawa.<ref name="pt"/> == Dubi kuma == <div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> * Babban abin dake cikin ilimi / dukiyar ilimi[[Intellectual property|Dukiyar hankali]] * [[Natural capital|Babban birnin halitta]] * [[Biological patent|Takardar shaidar halittu]] * [[Traditional knowledge|Ilimin gargajiya]] / Ilimin asalin ƙasar[[Indigenous knowledge|Ilimin 'yan asalin ƙasar]] * [[Pharmacognosy|Magunguna]] * [[Plant breeders' rights|Hakkin masu shuka shuke-shuke]] * [[Bioethics|Bioths]] * [[Maya ICBG bioprospecting controversy|Rikici na nuna bambancin halittu na Maya ICBG]] * [[International Cooperative Biodiversity Group|Ƙungiyar Haɗin Kai ta Duniya]] * [[Biological Diversity Act, 2002|Dokar Biological Diversity, 2002]] * Yarjejeniya kan Al'amuran Kasuwanci na 'Yancin Mallaka (TRIPS) (1994) * [[International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture|Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan albarkatun shuke-shuke don abinci da aikin gona]] (2001) </div> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Littattafai da albarkatu ==   == Haɗin waje == * Daga Afirka: Asirin Samun dama da raba fa'ida - wani rahoto na 2006 game da satar halittu a Afirka ta [http://www.edmonds-institute.org/ Cibiyar Edmonds] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725170829/https://www.edmonds-institute.org/ |date=2024-07-25 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041224233949/http://www.activistmagazine.com/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=127 Sanarwar Cape Town] - Biowatch Afirka ta Kudu * [https://grain.org/ Ayyukan Al'amuran Halitta na Duniya (GRAIN)] * [https://www.scidev.net/asia-pacific/news/indian-scientist-denies-accusation-of-biopiracy-sa/ Masanin kimiyya na Indiya ya musanta zargin da ake yi na satar halittu] - SciDev.[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9]Net * [https://www.scidev.net/global/news/african-biopiracy-debate-heats-up/ Tattaunawar 'biopiracy' ta Afirka ta yi zafi] - SciDev.[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9]Net * [http://comenius.susqu.edu/biol/312/bioprospectinglegitimateresearchorbiopiracy.pdf Bioprospecting: bincike na halal ko 'biopiracy'?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818080851/https://comenius.susqu.edu/biol/312/bioprospectinglegitimateresearchorbiopiracy.pdf |date=2022-08-18 }} - SciDev.[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9]Net * Takardun rukuni na ETC a kan Biopiracy: Batutuwa sun haɗa da: patent na Monsanto a kan dukkan kwayoyin soya da aka gyara (EP0301749); Patents na Biology na Synthetic (na wucin gadi, siffofin rayuwa na musamman); Terminator Seed Technology; da dai sauransu. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070709054650/http://www.etcgroup.org/en/issues/biopiracy.html Batutuwan sun haɗa da: patent na jinsin Monsanto a kan dukkan soya da aka canza (EP0301749); Patents na Biology na Synthetic (na wucin gadi, siffofin rayuwa na musamman); Terminator Seed Technology; da dai sauransu.] * [https://academic.oup.com/plphys/article/134/4/1295/6112341 Wanene Mai Biodiversity, kuma Ta yaya Ya kamata a biya masu shi?], Plant Physiology, Afrilu 2004, Vol. 134, shafuffuka na 1295-1307&nbsp; * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Heald PJ |year=2001 |title='Your Friend in the Rain Forest': An Essay on the Rhetoric of Biopiracy |journal=SSRN Electronic Journal |doi=10.2139/ssrn.285177}} {{Indigenous rights footer}}{{Natural resources}}{{Property navbox}} [[Rukuni:Muhalli]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] n3wb63305e853dg9a7wzee5t6ufk4qm 0 81676 549979 466763 2024-12-02T04:34:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549979 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''FUTA Radio''' (93.1&nbsp;MHz FM) gidan rediyo ne na [[Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya Akure|Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tarayya]] da ke [[Akure]], [[Ondo (jiha)|Jihar Ondo]], Najeriya. Ya fara aiki a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2010. A cikin shekara ta 2015, wuta ta lalata tashar ta hanyar wutar lantarki; ɗaliban da ke karatu da daddare sun taimaka wajen hana gobarar yaduwa bayan tashar da ofishin mai rejista na jami'a.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Samson|last=Kukogho|date=2015-08-25|title=Millions lost as midnight fire destroys FUTA Radio|url=https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/931fm-akure-millions-lost-as-midnight-fire-destroys-futa-radio/fxc00vn|access-date=2021-08-29|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829063306/https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/931fm-akure-millions-lost-as-midnight-fire-destroys-futa-radio/fxc00vn|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-08-24|title=Inferno At FUTA Campus Radio Destroys Millions In Property|url=http://saharareporters.com/2015/08/24/inferno-futa-campus-radio-destroys-millions-property|access-date=2021-08-29|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} qjfhfucstgumbc6lc5941eo9hj82rem 0 82012 550102 536780 2024-12-02T07:23:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Gundumar Kogi ta tsakiya''' ta ƙunshi ƙananan hukumomi guda 5 da suka haɗa da, [[Adavi (Nijeriya)|Adavi]], [[Ajaokuta]], [[Okehi]], [[Okene]], da Ogori-Mangogo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sule |first=Itodo Daniel |last2=Alabi |first2=Christiana T. |date=2016-09-20 |title=Kogi central communities protest blackout, bad roads |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/kogi-central-communities-protest-blackout-bad-roads.html |access-date=2020-05-12 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-12 |title=Gov. Bello inaugurates community roads in Kogi Central, 4 days to election |url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/gov-bello-inaugurates-community-roads-in-kogi-central-4-days-to-election/5xbxdzt |access-date=2020-05-12 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en-US |archive-date=2019-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113153253/https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/gov-bello-inaugurates-community-roads-in-kogi-central-4-days-to-election/5xbxdzt |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wakilin dake wakiltar yankin a yanzu shine Sanata [[Yakubu Oseni]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-02-25 |title=APC wins Kogi Central Senate seat |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/north-central/316028-apc-wins-kogi-central-senate-seat.html |access-date=2020-05-12 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=APC wins Kogi Central Senate seat |url=https://punchng.com/apc-wins-kogi-central-senate-seat/ |access-date=2020-05-12 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Jerin Sanatocin da suka wakilci yankin == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Sanata !Jam'iyya !Shekara !Najalisa |- |[[Ahmed Tijani Ahmed]] |[[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] |1999–2003 |4th |- |[[Mohammed Ohiare]] |PDP |2003–2007 |5th |- |[[Otaru Salihu Ohize]] |'''AC''' |2007–2011 |6th |- |Nurudeen Abatemi Usman |PDP |2011–2015 |7th |- |Ahmed Ogembe |PDP |2015–2019 |8th |- |[[Yakubu Oseni]] |[[All Progressives Congress|APC]] |2019–yanzu |9th |} == Manazarta == {{reflist}} 1j4a8w6dr1c78dtds1cl4hqn402lqut 0 82415 549424 496736 2024-12-01T12:08:13Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 549424 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Allyn Steele House in West Hartford, August 21, 2008.jpg|thumb|Gidan Allyn Steele]] {{Infobox NRHP|name=Allyn Steele House|nrhp_type=|image=Allyn_Steele_House_in_West_Hartford,_August_21,_2008.jpg|caption=|location=114 N. Main St., [[West Hartford, Connecticut]]|coordinates={{coord|41|46|11|N|72|44|37|W|display=inline,title}}|locmapin=Connecticut#USA|built=1775|architect=Steele, Allyn|architecture=Colonial, Center Chimney Colonial|added=September 10, 1986|area={{convert|0.2|acre|ha}}|mpsub={{NRHP url|id=64000091|title=Eighteenth-Century Houses of West Hartford TR}}|refnum=86002022<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2009a}}</ref>}}'''Gidan Allyn Steele''' gida ne na tarihi a 114 North Main Street a West Hartford, Connecticut. An gina shi a shekara ta 1775, yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan gine-ginen West Hartford na ƙarni na 18. An jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 1986. == Bayyanawa da tarihi == Gidan Allyn Steele yana arewacin tsakiyar West Hartford, a gefen gabas na North Main Street, arewacin mahaɗarta da Fern Street. An saita shi a kan iyaka da yawa a gaba ta hanyar ƙananan bango mai riƙewa. Tsarin katako ne mai hawa 2 + 1⁄2, tare da rufin gefen, babban bututun wuta na tsakiya da kuma waje. Babban bangarensa yana da faɗin bayu biyar, daidai da bayyanar, tare da babban ƙofar a tsakiya. Ƙofar tana gefen pilasters kuma an rufe ta da entablature. Wani bene mai hawa biyu, mai yiwuwa ƙari ne na ƙarni na 19, ayyukan daga gefen dama. Cikin ciki yana riƙe da siffofi da yawa na lokaci, gami da matakala mai juyawa a gaba, da kuma ɗaga bangon a cikin ɗakin gaba.<ref name="NRHP">{{Cite web |title=NRHP nomination for Allyn Steele House |url={{NRHP url|id=86002022}} |access-date=2014-12-06 |publisher=National Park Service}}</ref> Allyn Steele ne ya gina gidan a shekara ta 1775, ɗan ɗaya daga cikin masu mallakar West Hartford na farko. Wataƙila an gina shi a shafin yanar gizon da ya gabata. Yana daya daga cikin 'yan gidaje na karni na 18 da suka tsira a garin. An sayar da shi daga dangin Steele a cikin 1814, kuma ya kasance cibiyar gona har zuwa kimanin 1925.<ref name="NRHP">{{Cite web |title=NRHP nomination for Allyn Steele House |url={{NRHP url|id=86002022}} |access-date=2014-12-06 |publisher=National Park Service}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/NRHP/86002022_text "NRHP nomination for Allyn Steele House"]. </cite></ref> == Dubi kuma == * Jerin wuraren tarihi na kasa a West Hartford, Connecticut == manazarta == {{Reflist}} f45yfbgtr7p1n3ml4z0eo0bzqizsvrp 2 83235 549628 512200 2024-12-01T18:48:18Z Khalifah123 28682 549628 wikitext text/x-wiki '''YAKUBU MOHAMMED ''' <big>'''''Sannu da zuwa shafina!''''' Idan kana da tambaya, game da abinda ya haɗa mu a nan. Kana iya rubuta tambayar ka a [[Tattaunawar user:Ibrahim abusufyan|Shafin Tattaunawa]]</big> {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | == About me == I am a fan of learning, gaming, and reading. I attended my primary school at huk poly from 2004-2010,and letter finished my secondary school in Golden gate,I am currently a student of umyuk. == My work == I contribute to Wikipedia by creating and improving articles, as well as guiding newcomers. Also serve as a facilitator at umyuk workshop as well as being active member in guiding new editors on various wikipedia events. |} | == Contact == |} sj1jn0upy7k1110q51s9ftpvzyua5ys 0 83496 549653 515873 2024-12-01T18:59:22Z Maryamarh 29382 549653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Gavali (Gawali), ƙaramin ƙauye ne dake cikin hukumar Belgaum, jihar Karnataka a Indiya, kudu maso yammacin birnin Belgaum. Ƙauyen na kewaye da dazuzzuka, magudanar ruwa da fadowa, waɗanda ake haƙo ma'adinai ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, da kawar da shuke-shuken magani da sare dazuzzuka. ==manazarta== 1;http://bhimgad.tripod.com/index2.html 2;https://web.archive.org/web/20080621051111/http://www.hindu.com/2007/01/20/stories/2007012007090300.htm 3;https://web.archive.org/web/20111104053903/http://www.tour-karnataka.com/mountains/ 4;https://web.archive.org/web/20111105224903/http://www.earthfoot.org/p2/in016.htm 5;http://www.veabgoa.org/VEAB/images/File/Mahadayi%20Article%20III.pdf pmbcpo5i0ztznezipohveebdoxz6l2w 0 83832 550193 519273 2024-12-02T09:29:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Heri Susanto''' (an haife ta a ranar 15 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1994) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Indonesia wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsakiya a kungiyar Persita Tangerang ta Lig 1. == Ayyukan kulob din == === Persiba Balikpapan === Heri ya fara fafatawa da Arema FC a makon farko na Shekarar ta 2016 Indonesia Soccer Championship A, a wannan lokacin, Heri a matsayin mai maye gurbin. Goal dinsa na farko lokacin da ya zira kwallaye a kan Bali United FC a mako na biyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Persiba Balikpapan 3-1 Bali United |url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2016/05/30/indonesia/isc/persiba-balikpapan/persisam-putra-samarinda/2231787/ |access-date=23 June 2016 |publisher=soccerway.com |language=Indonesian}}</ref> A mako na tara, a kan Persegres Gresik United, Heri ya kara da tarin burinsa. A rabi na biyu minti biyar ne kawai, Heri Susanto ya zira kwallaye lokacin da Persiba ya yi da Persegres Gresik United. Heri ya kawo nasara 5-3 a kan Gresik United <ref>{{Cite web |title=Laporan Pertandingan: Persiba Balikpapan 5-3 Persegres Gresik United |url=http://www.goal.com/id-ID/match/persiba-balikpapan-vs-gresik-united/2231988/report |access-date=28 June 2016 |publisher=goal.com |language=Indonesian}}</ref> === PSM Makassar === Susanto ta sanya hannu ga Persita Tangerang don yin wasa a Lig 1 a kakar 2022-23. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2022 |title=Alasan Heri Susanto Bergabung dengan Persita Tangerang |url=https://www.bolasport.com/read/313279784/alasan-heri-susanto-bergabung-dengan-persita-tangerang |access-date=13 May 2022 |publisher=www.bolasport.com}}</ref> Ya fara buga wasan farko a ranar 25 ga watan Yulin 2022 a wasan da ya yi da Persik Kediri a Indomilk Arena, Tangerang . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hasil Persita Tangerang vs Persik Kediri: Pendekar Cisadane Menang Berkat Gol Kilat |url=https://sports.sindonews.com/read/836681/11/hasil-persita-tangerang-vs-persik-kediri-pendekar-cisadane-menang-berkat-gol-kilat-1658754439 |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=sports.sindonews.com}}</ref> === Farisa Jakarta === A cikin shekaran 2019, Susanto ta sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da kungiyar Persija Jakarta ta Indonesia Lig 1.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Didepak PSM, Heri Susanto Menuju Persija |url=https://makassar.sindonews.com/berita/18856/6/didepak-psm-heri-susanto-menuju-persija |website=makassar.sindonews.com}}</ref> Susanto ya fara buga wasan Liga 1 a ranar 20 ga Mayu 2019, ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin a 1-1 draw tare da Barito Putera a filin wasa na 17th Mayu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Barito Putera vs Persija Jakarta |url=https://id.soccerway.com/matches/2019/05/20/indonesia/super-liga/barito-putra/persija-isl/3014577/ |publisher=soccerway.com |language=id}}</ref> === Persis Solo === A ranar 31 ga Mayu 2021, Susanto ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kungiyar Ligue 2 Persis Solo, ya shiga kulob din tare da abokinsa yayin da yake cikin Persija, Sandi Sute . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2021 |title=Resmi, Persis Solo Boyong 2 Eks Persija Sandi Sute dan Heri Susanto |url=https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/amp/20210601/resmi-persis-solo-boyong-2-eks-persija-sandi-sute-dan-heri-susanto |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=indosport.com |language=id |archive-date=15 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315203906/https://www.indosport.com/sepakbola/amp/20210601/resmi-persis-solo-boyong-2-eks-persija-sandi-sute-dan-heri-susanto |url-status=dead }}</ref> Susanto ya fara bugawa Liga 2 ta farko a ranar 26 ga Satumba 2021, ya zo a matsayin mai maye gurbin a nasarar 2-0 tare da PSG Pati a Filin wasa na Manahan, Surakarta . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2021 |title=Persis Solo Vs PSG Pati: Laskar Samber Nyawa Menang 2-0 |url=https://sport.detik.com/sepakbola/liga-indonesia/d-5741119/persis-solo-vs-psg-pati-laskar-samber-nyawa-menang-2-0 |access-date=26 September 2021 |website=sport.detik.com}}</ref> === Persita Tengerang === An sanya hannu a kan PSM Makassar don yin wasa a Lig 1 a kakar 2018. Heri Susanto ya fara buga wasan farko a ranar 4 ga watan Yuni shekarar 2018 a kan [[Jayapura]]" id="mwIg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Persipura Jayapura">Persipura Jayapura a Filin wasa na Mandala, Jayapura .  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=March 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Kididdigar aiki == === Kungiyar === {{Updated|match played 26 April 2024}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Kungiyar ! rowspan="2" |Lokacin ! colspan="3" |Ƙungiyar ! colspan="2" |Kofin [ƙasa-alpha 1]{{Efn|Includes [[Piala Indonesia]]}} ! colspan="2" |Continental{{Efn|Appearances in [[AFC Cup]]}} ! colspan="2" |Sauran ! colspan="2" |Jimillar |- !Rarraba !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin !Aikace-aikacen !Manufofin |- |Persipasi Bandung Raya |2015 |Super League na Indonesia |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |- | rowspan="3" valign="center" |Persiba Balikpapan |2016 |ISC A |23 |4 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |23 |4 |- |2017 | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Lig 1 |25 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |25 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !48 !4 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !0 !48 !4 |- |PSM Makassar |2018 | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Lig 1 |5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |5 |0 |- | rowspan="4" valign="center" |Farisa Jakarta |2019 | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Lig 1 |25 |3 |5 |0 |5 |1 |0 |0 |35 |4 |- |2020 | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Lig 1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |2021–22 | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Lig 1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Jimillar !25 !3 !5 !0 !5 !1 !0 !0 !35 !4 |- | rowspan="1" valign="center" |Persis Solo |2021 |Ligue 2 |7 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |7 |0 |- | rowspan="2" |Persita Tangerang |2022–23 | rowspan="1" |Lig 1 |19 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - |3[ƙasa-alpha 3]{{Efn|Appearances in [[Indonesia President's Cup]]}} |0 |22 |0 |- |2023–24 |Lig 1 |13 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |13 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Cikakken aikinsa !118 !7 !5 !0 !5 !1 !3 !0 !131 !8 |} {{Notelist}} == Daraja == '''Farisa Jakarta''' * [[2021 Menpora Cup#Finals|2021]]_Menpora_Cup" id="mwAT4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2021 Menpora Cup">Kofin Menpora: 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ridwan |first=Muhammad |date=25 April 2021 |title=Persija Jakarta Juara Piala Menpora 2021 |url=https://www.goal.com/id/amp/berita/persija-jakarta-juara-piala-menpora-2021/1vnjxb26qc65w15uatr5bfa4ck |access-date=26 April 2021 |website=goal.com |publisher=Goal}}</ref> '''Persis Solo''' == Bayanan da aka ambata == == Haɗin waje == * [https://www.flashscore.co.id/pemain/susanto-heri/zJB5b77f/ Heri Susanto] a flashscore.co.id * {{Soccerway|heri-susanto/396951}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 5t7tipce9s4lza1d49pj0vqd0ynri1q 0 85937 549493 548752 2024-12-01T15:52:57Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Wofai Samuel.jpg|thumb|Wofai Samuel]] '''Wofai Samuel''' (an haife ta 18 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1990) babbar jami’iar sadarwa ne na duniya.<ref name="vg">{{Cite web |last=Okogba |first=Emmanuel |date=2017-06-15 |title=Wofai Samuel goes international, chairs Ministerial panel for the Belarus-Africa forum |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/06/wofai-samuel-goes-international/ |access-date=2022-10-09 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=International Media Personality, Wofai Samuel bags Prestige Excellence Awards as International Media Personality of The Year. |url=https://www.prestigenewsonline.com/international-media-personality-wofai-samuel-bags-prestige-excellence-awards-as-international-media-personality-of-the-year/ |access-date=2022-10-09 |language=en-US|website=Prestige International Magazine}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Samuel a [[Calabar, Jihar Kuros Riba]],<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-vg-3</ref> inda ta halarci [[Federal Government Girls College, Calabar|Kwalejin Mata na Gwamnatin Tarayya]] da Jami'ar Calabar a shekarar 2012 inda ta sami digiri na farko na Kimiyya a [[zoology]] da ilimin halittu.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-6</ref> A cikin shekarar 2021, Samuel ta sami babban difloma a [[manar da albarkatun ɗan adam]] da [[ci gaban ƙungiyoyi]] daga [Jami'ar Legas]], Najeriya. == Sana'a == Samuel itace mukaddashin darekta-janar na [[Najeriya-American Chamber]] of Commerce.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-7</ref> Ta shiga Chamber a matsayin Daraktan Sadarwa, Hulda da Gwamnati & Shawara a watan Agusta shekara ta 2021.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-8</ref> A baya can, ta kasance darektan sadarwa da harkokin waje ga Ƙungiyar Kasuwancin Burtaniya-Liberia.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-9</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-10</ref> Ƙungiyar Kasuwanci ta Biritaniya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-11</ref> An nada Samuel Shugaban Man Fetur & Gas na Kamfanin Harkokin Kasuwancin Kasashen Waje na U.K,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-12</ref> da kuma shirya tarurrukan tarurruka don masana'antar [[man fetur]] a sama a cikin shekara ta 2020,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-13</ref> wanda ya jawo hankalin kasashe 22, kamfanonin mai da makamashi 21 da kuma manyan masu ruwa da tsaki 150. Daga nan sai aka yi mata lakabi da [[Forbes]] Africa a matsayin "mai tsara makomar nahiyar".<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-14</ref> Ita ce editan mujallar Africa Energy & Infrastructure.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-15</ref> Daga nan aka zabe ta don samun digirin girmamawa na digiri a fannin jagoranci da gudanarwa daga Jami’ar Commonwealth ta Landan.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-16</ref> kwalejin kan layi mai zaman kansa mai zaman kansa mai rijista a Panama.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-17</ref> Wakilin Cibiyar Kasuwancin Najeriya da Amurka a watan Mayu shekara ta 2023,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-18</ref> Samuel ta ziyarci Amurka domin gudanar da wasu tarurrukan kasuwanci da nufin karkata manufofin kasuwanci tsakanin Najeriya da Amurka. A yayin ziyarar ta zagaya fadar [[White House]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-19</ref> da Amurka Capitol a [[Washington, D.C.]].., da [[Maryland State House]] da kuma [[Jihar Virginia]].<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-20</ref> A cikin watan Maris shekara ta 2024, Samuel a madadin Chamber<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-21</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-22</ref> ya aiwatar da shirin kasuwanci mai shigowa Najeriya don Gwamnatin Illinois,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-23</ref> Sashen Ciniki da Damar [[Tattalin Arziki]].<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-24</ref> Cibiyar kasuwanci mai zaman kanta ta kasa da kasa da ke Washington DC ta nuna Samuel.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-25</ref> [[Ƙungiyar Kasuwanci]] ta [[Amurka]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-26</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-27</ref> a cikin aikin bincike akan yuwuwar tarurrukan karin kumallo. Samuel ya buga misali da [[Kamala Harris]] a matsayin kwarin gwiwarta a cikin wata hira da [[The Nation]] a watan Yuli shekara ta 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-28</ref> Ta kasance cikin manyan mata 100 na Sana'a na Afirka a cikin 2024 ta 9to5 Chick.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-29</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-30</ref> == Sadarwa == Samuel ta daidaita; * Babban Bankin Najeriya na baje kolin katin kati (2016)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-31</ref> * Kyautar wutar lantarki da makamashi ta yammacin Afirka (2016)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-32</ref> * Kwamitin e-Bank na ja da baya (2016)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-33</ref> * Dandalin Belarus-Africa, [[Minsk]] (2017)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-34</ref> * Majalisar Najeriya (2017)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-35</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-36</ref> * Kasuwancin Man Fetur na Afirka mako mai zuwa (2017)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-37</ref> * [[Bankin fitarwa na Afirka-Import Bank]] ƙaddamar da kayan aikin shirye-shiryen, [[Johannesburg]] (2018)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-38</ref> * Taron kolin man fetur, makamashi da samar da ababen more rayuwa a yankin kudu da hamadar Saharar Afrika, [[Nairobi]] (2018)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-39</ref> * Zuba jari a Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okogba |first=Emmanuel |date=2018-11-14 |title=Wofai Samuel speaks on 'Why Invest in Nigeria' |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/11/wofai-samuel-speaks-on-why-invest-in-nigeria/ |access-date=2022-10-09 |website=[[Vanguard News]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> * West Africa trade and export finance conference (2019)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-19 |title=West Africa trade, export finance confab to boost opportunities, says Wofai |url=https://guardian.ng/business-services/west-africa-trade-export-finance-confab-to-boost-opportunities/ |access-date=2022-10-09 |website=[[The Guardian Nigeria|The Guardian]] |language=en-US}}</ref> * Taron harkokin kasuwanci da fitar da kayayyaki na yammacin Afirka<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-41</ref> * Taron kasa da kasa samar da ruwa na Afirka (2019)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-41</ref> * Dandalin Najeriya - Italiya (2019) * Taron Ciniki da Zuba Jari na Yammacin Afrika<ref> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-43</ref> * Taron Noma na Yammacin Afirka (2020)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-44</ref> * Securex Yammacin Afirka (2022)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-46</ref> * Mata a Taron Oil and Gas (2022)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-47</ref> * Taron Ma'aikatar Sadarwa da Tattalin Arziki na Dijital, Najeriya (2022)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-48</ref> * IOT Yammacin Afirka (2022 & 2023)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-49</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-50</ref> * Taron kolin tattalin arziki da zuba jari na [[jihar Rivers]] (2024)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-51</ref> An nuna ta a kan batutuwa masu ban sha'awa game da [[Najeriya]].<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-52</ref>[[Africa]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-53</ref> da Amurka gami da kaddamar da [[Jami'ar Texas a ofishin Dallas]] Africa dake Legas,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-54</ref> Bikin Ranar Samun ‘Yancin Kai Shekaru 248 na [[Ofishin (Jakadancin Amurka)]] a Legas.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-55</ref> Kwamitin ba da shawara na Shugaba Joe Biden kan ziyarar hadin gwiwar kasashen Afirka a Afirka, <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-56</ref> Gwamnatin [[jihar Legas]] ta tara<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-57</ref> da sauransu.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-58</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-59</ref> == Sabis na zamantakewa == A ranar 24 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 2020,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-60</ref> An zabi Samuel na tsawon shekara daya a matsayin shugaban sadarwa na hudu na kungiyar matasan Afirka ta Yali RLC West Africa (Nigeria Alumni). Daga nan aka rantsar da ita a matsayin sakatariyar yada labarai<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-61</ref> don Ƙungiyar Musanya ta Gwamnatin Amurka akan 1 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2021 kuma ta yi aiki har zuwa watan Maris shekara ta 2024. Samuel ya jagoranci taron YALI RLC na zuwa gida a Lomé, Togo a cikin watan Disamba shekara ta 2022<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-62</ref> kuma a [[Accra]], [[Ghana]] a shekara ta 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-63</ref> A watan Mayu shekara ta 2023, Sashen Hulda da Jama'a na Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka da ke Legas, ya gayyaci Samuel don ya jagoranci taron musanyar tsofaffin ɗalibai na Gwamnatin Amirka. A cikin watan Maris shekara ta 2024, an zaɓe ta tare da Tsofaffi uku don wakiltar tsofaffin ɗaliban YALI RLC a Yammacin Afirka a YALI Legacy Localization Design Charette a Kigali, Rwanda,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-64</ref> kuma daga baya aka zaɓe shi don wakiltar tsofaffin ɗaliban Afirka ta Yamma a ƙungiyar shawara ta hanyar YALI LL. Ita memba ce ta Ace Health Foundation,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-65</ref> ForbesBLK<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-66</ref> da mai ba da shawara a ACE Global Leaders of Excellence Network a [[Washington, D.C]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wofai_Samuel#cite_note-67</ref> inda ta zaburar da mata matasa a duniya. ==Manazarta== 9fdsf3e4xvue46hihrj2zy566lf0q0m 0 86783 549894 542881 2024-12-01T23:20:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Chapman_in_a_punch_bowl.jpg|thumb|Chapman served in a punch bowl]] '''Chapman''' abin sha ne marar giya, yawanci ja ne a launi. Sau da yawa ana kiransa da abinshan da ba na giya ba, ana yin shi ne a al'adance tare da cakuda Fanta, Sprite, Cucumber, Lemon, Grenadine da Angostura bitters kuma a al'adance ana yin sa a cikin babban mug tare da kankara da ƴan yankan kokwamba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Iwalaiye |first=Temi |date=2021-05-13 |title=How-Tos: Making traditional Chapman at home |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/how-to-make-traditional-chapman-at-home/5njxkfp |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en |archive-date=2022-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705010045/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/how-to-make-traditional-chapman-at-home/5njxkfp |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=inyese |first=amaka |date=2015-06-22 |title=Nigerian chapman |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/perfectly-refreshing-punch-nigerian-chapman/wgn4z1d |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> Ana bayyana shi a matsayin abin sha da aka fi so a Najeriya kuma ko da yake ana sha ba tare da barasa ba, ana iya shayar da shi tare da alamar vodka ko rum. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-18 |title=Simplest Way To Make Chapman |url=https://guardian.ng/life/food/how-to-make-chapman/ |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihi == An yi imanin cewa haɗaɗɗiyar giyar ta samo asali ne a wata mashaya ta gida a [[Ikoyi Club]], Legas, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Drinks |url=https://www.dvees.com/drinks/ |access-date=2018-10-28 |website=DVees |language=en-GB}}</ref> Samuel Alamutu wani mashaya ne a kulob ɗin ƙasar ne ya kirkiro wannan abin sha wanda aka buƙaci ya yi wani abu na musamman ga abokin cinikin da yake so mai suna Chapman. == Sinadaran da bambancin == Chapman tabbas shine shahararren abin sha da aka fi so a Najeriya kuma ana ba da shi a mashaya, kulob-kulob, gidajen cin abinci da kuma lokuta na musamman a ƙasar kuma yana karuwa a faɗin yammacin Afirka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-10 |title=Learn How To Make Chapman With A PhD |url=https://guardian.ng/life/learn-how-to-make-chapman-with-a-phd/ |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> === Sauran sinadaran === Chapman ya yi fice a matsayin [[Abinsha|abin sha]] a cikin ƙasar, wanda galibi ana jin daɗinsa a taruka daban-daban. Wannan haɗaɗɗiyar giyar, wanda aka fi sani da Chapman ko shapman, abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare a shagulgulan Najeriya. Ba kamar takwaransa na ba-giya ba, mocktail, Chapman ya faɗi cikin rukunin haɗaɗɗiyar giyar saboda haɗawar Angostura aromatic bitters. Ya ƙunshi [[Ruwa mai carbon|carbonated]] orange da [[lemun tsami]] ko lemun tsami sha, grenadine syrup, 'ya'yan itace juices, kankara cubes, da sauran kayan ado, wannan musamman concoction ne mai haskakawa a wurin taro. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wande |first=S.-Davies |date=2018-06-26 |title=How to make Nigerian chapman drink |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/how-to-make-nigerian-chapman-drink/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> Duk da yake babu tsarin girke-girke da aka yarda da shi, abin sha na Chapman koyaushe zai haɗa da bitters, lemun tsami, lemun tsami da kokwamba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nnamani |first=Aisha |title=Chapman recipe: Ingredients and preparation |url=https://www.legit.ng/1103078-chapman-recipe-ingredients-preparation.html |publisher=legit.ng |access-date=2024-10-29 |archive-date=2022-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001052248/https://www.legit.ng/1103078-chapman-recipe-ingredients-preparation.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-16 |title=How To Make One Of The Easiest, Non-alcoholic Cocktails - Chapman |url=https://t.guardian.ng/life/how-to-make-one-of-the-easiest-cocktails-chapman/ |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><gallery> Fayil:Chapman_drink.jpg Fayil:Fanta_Chapman.jpg </gallery> == Manazarta == ki25njaavwxlhjt4nr6bw4nvtob631d 0 86972 549541 543450 2024-12-01T17:02:49Z Bashir nuhu usman 30704 NAsa photo 549541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:MtAlbert.1.jpg|thumb|Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert]] '''Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura''', dutse ne mai launin fitattun wuta kuma Tūpuna Maunga (dutse ne mai tarihi) wanda ya mamaye fadin wuri na yankin Ōwairano da Dutsen Albert na [[Auckland]]. == Magana == Babban sunan Māori na tsaunin shine ''Ōwairaka'', wanda ke nufin 'Wurin Wairaka'. Wairaka 'yar Toroa ce, kwamandan ɗaya daga cikin manyan matuƙan jiragen ruwa, ''Mātaatua'' . <ref name="Place Names">{{Cite book|last3=Alexander Wyclif Reed}}</ref> <nowiki><i id="mwIg">Wakaka</i></nowiki> sananne ne saboda suna Whakatāne, wani gari a Gabashin Bay of Plenty inda ta ceci waka daga kwarara zuwa teku. An nuna ta a cikin Siffar Wairaka da ke Whakatāne Heads . Wairaka daga baya ta koma [[Auckland|Tāmaki Makaurau]] don kauce wa auren da aka shirya kuma ta kafa nata pā a Ōwairaka . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dunsford |first=Deborah |title=Wairaka, heroine of her time |url=http://www.mtalbertinc.co.nz/through-historians-eyes/ |access-date=14 November 2019 |website=Mt Albert Inc |publisher=Mt Albert Historical Society}}</ref> Sauran sunan Māori, {{Lang|MI|Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura}}, yana nufin 'tsawon wuta na Rakataura', yana nufin ci gaba da aikinta na mai binciken Tainui [[Rakataura|Rakatāura]] (wanda aka fi sani da Hape).<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka / Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura |url=https://www.maunga.nz/maunga/owairaka-te-ahi-ka-a-rakataura/ |access-date=2022-04-03 |website=www.maunga.nz |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name="linz">{{LINZ|access-date=21 July 2022}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin sunayen farko da Tāmaki Māori ya ba dutsen mai fitattun wuta shine ''Te Puke ko Ruarangi'' (Dutse na Ruarangi). Labarin gargajiya ya shafi Ruarangi, wani shugaban mutanen Patupaiarehe, wanda Kuma ya tsere wa wani hari a kan Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert ta hanyar bututun lava kuma ya fito a Western Springs Te Wai Ōrea . An ba dutsen sunan Ingilishi, Dutsen Albert, bayan matar [[Sarauniya Victoria]], Yarima Albert, biyo bayan wata takarda a shekarar 1866 ga Superintendent na Lardin Auckland . <ref name="Place Names"/> Babu wani daga cikin sunayen uku da hukuma ne. A cikin shekarar 2014, Tāmaki Collective ya amince cewa duka Ōwairaka da Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura sun nuna tarihin tarihin Māori na gida tare da wannan shafin. Daga cikin uku, Ōwairaka shine sunan da aka fi amfani dashi. Majalisar Auckland da Hukumar Tūpuna Maunga suna nufin shafin a matsayin ''Ōwairaka / Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura / Dutsen Albert'' . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Council |first=Auckland |title=Tūpuna Maunga significance and history |url=http://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/about-auckland-council/how-auckland-council-works/kaupapa-maori/comanagement-authorities-boards/tupuna-maunga-tamaki-makaurau-authority/Pages/tupuna-maunga-significance-history.aspx |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=Auckland Council |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3"/> An san shi da sunan biyu Ōwairaka / Mount Albert . <ref name="Trees">{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka / Mount Albert trees |url=https://www.waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/Ōwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104064332/https://waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/%C5%8Cwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees |archive-date=4 January 2020 |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=waateanews.com}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka/Mt Albert tree war heads to High Court as Auckland citizens take on Tūpuna Maunga Authority |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/owairakamt-albert-tree-war-heads-to-high-court-as-auckland-citizens-take-on-tupuna-maunga-authority/UJJABZUFJO4RUXAIHJ2UJOKP7I/ |access-date=23 December 2020 |website=[[The New Zealand Herald]]}}</ref> A watan Janairun shekarar 2020, masanin tarihi Pita Tūrei ya yi jayayya da gaskiyar tarihi na ''Ōwairaka'' da ake kira bayan Wairaka, yana mai da'awar cewa sunan shine a maimakon haka taƙaitaccen {{Lang|mi|Te Wai o Rakataura}}, sunan ga wuraren da ke cikin Oakley Creek. == Yanayin ƙasa da tarihi == [[Fayil:Mount_Albert_Ōwairaka_1845.jpg|right|thumb|Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert watercolour wanda John Guise Mitford ya zana a shekarar 1845. Māori ne suka tono wuraren da aka ɗora don zama da tsaro. Yawancin sun lalace daga baya ta hanyar haƙa dutse.]] [[Fayil:Mount_Albert,_Auckland,_New_Zealand.jpg|right|thumb|Ra'ayi na dutsen wuta Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert, a cikin katin waya daga kusan 1910.]] Babbar tudu, a cikin filin shakatawa a kudancin ƙarshen unguwar, tana da mita 135 (443 a tsawo, kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin kusan 53 da ba a taɓa gani ba a duk faɗin birnin Auckland, dukansu suna cikin filin dutsen mai fitattun wuta na Auckland {{Convert|135|m}} Dutsen ya fashe kusan shekaru 120,000 da suka gabata. Dutsen ya kasance a baya mita 148 (486 ft) tsawo kuma shafin daya daga cikin muhimman Māori pā a yankin, tare da shahararrun wuraren da aka tono da rami don zama da tsaro. 486&nbsp; Ngāti Awa shugaban Titahi da wani ɓangare na ''iwi'' (ƙabilar) an ba su kyauta don aikin ƙasa, kodayake aikin mai yiwuwa ya ɗauki ƙarni da yawa, ta amfani da kayan aikin hannu. Ōwairaka 'dutse ce' ga Maungakiekie wacce Titahi ta tono. Ōwairaka daga baya ya kasance pā na ƙungiyar [[Te Waiohua|Waiohua]] ta Tāmaki, wanda babban shugaban Kiwi Tāmaki ya ziyarta a wasu lokutan lokacin da za a kiyaye tsuntsaye. pā yana da yawan jama'a har zuwa kusan dubu daya da rabi a cikin ƙarni na 16 da 17. Bayan Te Taoū [[Ngāti Whātua]] ya ci Waiohua a babban yakin Paruroa, mambobin Te Taoū, Ngā Oho da Te Uringutu sun kama Ōwairaka kuma sun mamaye su. Ta hanyar auren dabarun, masu nasara sun shiga cikin jini tare da Tāmaki, ma'ana Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei yana da zuriya tare da kungiyoyin da suka mamaye Tāmaki Makaurau na ƙarni.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Council |first=Auckland |title=Ōwairaka / Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura / Mt Albert Path – historic walks in Auckland |url=http://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/parks-recreation/get-outdoors/aklpaths/Pages/path-detail.aspx?ItemId=395 |access-date=2022-04-02 |website=Auckland Council |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Auckland Council |title=Ōwairaka - Mt Albert heritage walks, brochure |url=https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/arts-culture-heritage/heritage-walks-places/Pages/owairaka-mt-albert-walks.aspx |journal=Auckland Council}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Volcanic Auckland |url=https://www.nzgeo.com/stories/volcanic-auckland/ |access-date=2022-04-03 |website=New Zealand Geographic |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Bayan da Crown ta sami ƙasar a cikin 1841 kuma ta raba ta zuwa ƙananan gonaki, manyan duwatsu sun rage tsawo na ƙanƙara da kimanin mita 15 (49 , sun canza siffarta sosai kuma sun rage yawan ƙasa zuwa ƙasa zuwa ƙasa da rabi. An dakatar da ma'adinai a cikin 1928 saboda matsin lamba don riƙe ramukan Māori wanda ya rinjayi waɗanda aka gina a Yaƙin Duniya na 1. Dutsen da farko yana da craters biyu. An daidaita daya don yin filin wasa a cikin shekarun 1900. Sauran an kafa shi a cikin tafkin ruwa na Majalisar Yankin Auckland a shekarar 1945. An kwashe ramin dutse na basalt a cikin 1961 don filin harbi kuma an kwantar da ciki na kwano, yana cire ƙarin alamun archaeological. Idan aka kwatanta da raguwa kaɗan na aikin ƙasa na Māori sun kasance, amma shafin ya kasance mai mahimmanci ga Māori da archaeological.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/> Amfani da yanzu na maunga (dutse) sun haɗa da tafiya na nishaɗi, filayen wasa, kulob din harbi da tafkin ruwa a ƙarƙashin paddock a gefen kudancin dutsen.<ref name=":1"/> == Yarjejeniyar yarjejeniya == [[Fayil:Ōwairaka_Te_Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura_Mount_Albert_Sign.JPG|right|thumb|Babban alamar shigarwa ta Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert.]] A cikin Yarjejeniyar Waitangi ta 2014 tsakanin Crown da ''Ngā Mana Whenua o ''Tāmaki Makaurau'''' na 13 Auckland iwi da hapū (wanda aka fi sani da Tāmaki Collective), mallakar 14 Tūpuna Maunga na Tāmaki makaurau / Auckland an ba da shi ga ƙungiyar. Dokar ta bayyana cewa za a riƙe ƙasar a amince da ita "don amfanin Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau da sauran mutanen Auckland". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau Collective Redress Act 2014 |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2014/0052/latest/whole.html |access-date=25 October 2014 |website=New Zealand Legislation}}</ref> <ref name=":2"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Ben |date=2019-11-13 |title=Who really owns Ōwairaka? |url=https://thespinoff.co.nz/auckland/13-11-2019/who-really-owns-owairaka |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=The Spinoff}}</ref> Dokar ta kuma bayyana cewa 14 Tūpuna Maunga na Auckland, gami da Ōwairaka / Mount Albert, suna da ajiya kuma suna ƙarƙashin Dokar Tsaro ta 1977. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau Collective Redress Act 2014 No 52 (as at 01 August 2020), Public Act 41 Maunga must remain as reserves vested in trustee – New Zealand Legislation |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2014/0052/latest/DLM5322527.html?search=sw_096be8ed819ec4e5_%22reserves+act%22_25_se&p=1&sr=18 |access-date=2020-11-25 |website=www.legislation.govt.nz}}</ref> Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert an rarraba shi a matsayin 'tsarin shakatawa'. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau Collective Redress Act 2014 No 52 (as at 01 August 2020), Public Act 22 Mount Albert – New Zealand Legislation |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2014/0052/latest/DLM5322503.html?search=sw_096be8ed819ec4e5_%22reserves+act%22_25_se&p=1&sr=7 |access-date=2020-11-25 |website=www.legislation.govt.nz}}</ref> Hukumar Tūpuna Maunga o Tāmaki Makaurau ko Hukumar Tūpun Maunga (TMA) kungiya ce ta hadin gwiwa da aka kafa don gudanar da Tūpuna maunga 14. Majalisar Auckland tana kula da Tūpuna Maunga a karkashin jagorancin TMA . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tūpuna Maunga o Tāmaki Makaurau Authority |url=https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/about-auckland-council/how-auckland-council-works/kaupapa-maori/comanagement-authorities-boards/tupuna-maunga-tamaki-makaurau-authority/Pages/default.aspx |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=Auckland Council}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ngā Kōrero |url=https://www.maunga.nz/about-us/ |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=www.maunga.nz |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Samun damar mota == [[Fayil:Ōwairaka_Te_Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura_Mount_Albert_Entrance.JPG|right|thumb|Babban ƙofar Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert, yana nuna ƙofofi biyu da ke dakatar da yawancin motoci daga shiga hanya.]] Saboda muhimmancin ruhaniya da al'adu na {{Lang|mi|maunga}} ga Māori, da kuma tsaron masu tafiya, an rufe hanyar taron har abada ga mafi yawan motoci a watan Maris na shekara ta 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Changes to vehicle access on Tūpuna Maunga |url=https://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/about-auckland-council/how-auckland-council-works/kaupapa-maori/comanagement-authorities-boards/tupuna-maunga-tamaki-makaurau-authority/Pages/changes-vehicle-access-tupuna-maunga.aspx |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=Auckland Council}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Owairaka the sixth and final maunga closed to cars |url=https://tewahanui.nz/auckland-issues/owairaka-the-sixth-and-final-maunga-closed-to-cars |access-date=2022-08-06 |website=tewahanui.nz}}</ref> == Maido da tsire-tsire na asali == [[Fayil:Mount_Albert_Ōwairaka_Native_Trees.jpeg|right|thumb|Tsofaffin itatuwan Puriri da pōhutukawa da ke girma a kan Ōwairaka / Dutsen Albert . Fiye da rabin bishiyoyin itace na yanzu 'yan asalin ne.<ref name="Trees">{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka / Mount Albert trees |url=https://www.waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/Ōwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104064332/https://waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/%C5%8Cwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees |archive-date=4 January 2020 |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=waateanews.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200104064332/https://waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/%C5%8Cwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees "Ōwairaka / Mount Albert trees"]. ''waateanews.com''. Archived from [https://www.waateanews.com/waateanews/x_news/MjMxMjI/Paakiwaha/Ōwairaka-/-Mount-Albert-Trees the original] on 4 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref>]] A matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin aiki don dawo da lalacewa, gami da tsire-tsire na asali da wuraren zama na namun daji, TMA na shirin cire bishiyoyi 345 da kuma dasa sabbin bishiyoyi da tsire'o'i 13,000. Yawancin bishiyoyi masu ban sha'awa ana rarraba su a matsayin ƙwayoyin cuta ko nau'in ciyawa a ƙarƙashin dabarun Gudanar da Kayan Cutar Yankin Auckland. Har ila yau, aikin yana da niyyar adanawa da haɓaka wuraren kallo tsakanin Auckland. Aikin yana da yardar ma'aikata, goyon bayan masu ilimin muhalli, masu binciken bishiyoyi, Majalisar Auckland, Majalisar Itace, Forest da Bird da Tāmaki Collective . <ref name="Trees"/><ref name=":3"/> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019 wani rukuni na masu zanga-zangar sun toshe cire bishiyoyi masu ban sha'awa, suna nuna damuwa game da dabbobi da tsire-tsire masu ban sha-tsire.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet the activists trying to stop native trees being planted on Mt Albert |url=https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2019/11/meet-the-activists-trying-to-stop-native-trees-being-planted-on-mt-albert.amp.html |access-date=4 January 2020 |website=Newshub }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Janairun 2020, Pouroto Ngaropo, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin 'shugaban Ngāti Awa ki Te Awa o Te Atua', ya yi iƙirarin alaƙar kakanninmu da Ōwairaka kuma ya yi magana a adawa da shirin TMA daga hangen nesa na Māori. Wakilin da aka ba da umarni na Ngāti Awa ''iwi'', Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Awa, ya ce Tāmaki Collective ''iwi'' yana da damar sare bishiyoyi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Māori world view important in Ōwairaka tree debate |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/pouroto-ngaropo-maori-world-view-important-in-owairaka-tree-debate/OFKHYI6SOWT7JIQIKOPUKZ745Y/?fbclid=IwAR2R4_C5-uAjqgivkVCLzRTY5tMEorfKDxZRq6oh1ErjYhzsA0T66JexbdM |access-date=14 January 2020 |website=nzherald}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-09 |title=Ngati Awa backs Tamaki iwi right to make Owairaka tree cull call |url=https://waateanews.com/2020/01/10/ngati-awa-backs-tamaki-iwi-right-to-make-owairaka-tree-cull-call/ |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=Waatea News: Māori Radio Station |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A watan Mayu 2020, don mayar da martani ga rashin jituwa da ya haifar da zanga-zangar da kuma rubutun ra'ayi a shafin, wakilan Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei a fili sun nemi TMA, Majalisar Auckland da masu zanga-zambe suyi aiki tare don neman sulhu don ci gaba da sake farfado da itacen asali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=owairakamt-albert-tree-impasse-time-to-move-forward-agree-protesters-and-ngati-whatua |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/owairakamt-albert-tree-impasse-time-to-move-forward-agree-protesters-and-ngati-whatua/NBCADRVEJPW6ZZSPDWKR62HXSU/ |access-date=4 May 2020 |website=nzherald}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2020 wata mace Māori ta yi iƙirarin cewa an yi mata cin zarafin launin fata a filin ajiye motoci a Dutsen Albert, kuma ta ce kasancewar kungiyar ta "[protest] ta kara tashin hankali a kan Dutsen Albert". TMA ta ce wasu Māori na gida, gami da yara, sun ji ba su da kwanciyar hankali kuma an ɗaga tsaro.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-11 |title=Māori woman allegedly racially abused at Ōwairaka while out on a walk |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/418744/maori-woman-allegedly-racially-abused-at-owairaka-while-out-on-a-walk |access-date=2022-04-02 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2020, wani masanin kimiyyar tsuntsaye ya nuna damuwa game da cire bishiyoyi a lokacin da tsuntsaye ke yin gida, yana neman a jinkirta duk wani aiki har zuwa Fabrairu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mt Albert Tree Felling would be cruel of nesting birds experts say |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/117549183/mt-albert-tree-removal-felling-would-be-cruel-on-nesting-birds-experts-say |access-date=20 November 2019 |website=Stuff}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2020, Babban Kotun ta gano cewa TMA da Majalisar Auckland sun yi aiki bisa doka, suna ba da damar shirye-shiryen sabuntawa na asali su ci gaba.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tūpuna Maunga Authority wins court battle in Ōwairaka/Mt Albert tree war |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/tupuna-maunga-authority-wins-court-battle-in-owairakamt-albert-tree-war/6WCF3XRODUK56TSC2GRRNZMTCA/ |access-date=23 December 2020 |website=[[The New Zealand Herald]]}}</ref> A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, Kotun daukaka kara ta gano cewa shirin TMA ya karya Dokar Tsaro kuma bai tuntubi jama'a yadda ya kamata ba. Sakamakon haka, an 'tsayar da Yarjejeniyar Resource'. A watan Yuni, Kotun Koli ta ki sauraron aikace-aikacen da TMA ta yi don daukaka kara kan shawarar. TMA ta lura cewa "Kotu ta daukaka kara ba ta yanke shawara game da cire itace ba, maimakon tsarin shari'a da za a bi. "<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ōwairaka/Mt Albert tree fight goes full circle |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/kahu/owairakamt-albert-tree-fight-goes-full-circle/AO5ZGUBL75PNJP5NOCIKG3HMOY/ |access-date=2022-07-12 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} * ''Dutsen wuta na Auckland: Jagoran filin''. Hayward, B.W.; Auckland University Press, 2019, shafi na 335 .  == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.aucklandcity.govt.nz/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll?AC=SEE_ALSO&QF0=Subjects&QI0==%22Mount+Albert,+mountain%22&XC=/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll&BU=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aucklandcity.govt.nz%2Fdbtw-wpd%2Fheritageimages%2Findex.htm&TN=heritageimages&SN=AUTO20186&SE=880&RN=0&MR=20&TR=0&TX=1000&ES=0&CS=1&XP=&RF=HIOReport&EF=&DF=HIORecord&RL=0&EL=0&DL=0&NP=2&ID=&MF=WPEngMsg.ini&MQ=&TI=0&DT=&ST=0&IR=2515&NR=1&NB=0&SV=0&SS=1&BG=&FG=&QS=index&OEX=ISO-8859-1&OEH=ISO-8859-1 Hotunan Ōwairaka]{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} da aka gudanar a cikin tarin al'adun Auckland. [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] nz2og44xed8jcoev59yox7el43vj2sm 0 87224 549874 540997 2024-12-01T22:34:36Z Wikiabdull 29964 Na kara mahada 549874 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Curry''' abinci ne na kasa da kasa tare da sauce ko soya da aka dafa da kayan yaji, galibi an samo shi ne daga musayar [[Indiya|Abincin Indiya]] tare da dandano na [[Turai]] a cikin abinci, farawa da Portuguese, sannan Dutch da Birtaniya suka biyo baya, sannan kuma ya zama cikakke a duniya. Yawancin abincin da za a bayyana a matsayin curries a Turanci ana samun su a cikin abincin asali na ƙasashe a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Gabashin Asiya. Mataki na farko a cikin kirkirar curry shine isowa a Indiya na tsami mai zafi, tare da wasu sinadaran kamar tumatir da dankali, wani ɓangare na musayar shuke-shuke na Columbian tsakanin Tsohon Duniya da Sabon Duniya. A lokacin mulkin Burtaniya, abincin Anglo-Indian ya ci gaba, wanda ya haifar da girke-girke na Hannah Glasse na karni na 18 don "currey hanyar Indiya" a Ingila. An yada Curry a cikin karni na 19 ta hanyar ma'aikatan sukari na Indiya zuwa Caribbean, da kuma 'yan kasuwa na Burtaniya zuwa Japan. Ƙarin musayar a duniya ya sa curry ya zama cikakkiyar abinci ta duniya. Akwai nau'ikan curry da yawa a kasashe daban-daban. A kudu maso gabashin Asiya, curry sau da yawa yana ƙunshe da kayan yaji da madarar kwakwa. A Indiya, ana soya kayan yaji a cikin mai ko ghee don ƙirƙirar paste; ana iya haɗa wannan tare da broth na ruwa, ko kuma wani lokacin tare da madara ko madarar kwakwa. A kasar Sin da Koriya, curries sun dogara ne akan curry foda na kasuwanci. Gidajen cin abinci na curry a waje da kasashensu sau da yawa suna daidaita abincin su don dacewa da dandano na gida; alal misali, gidajen cin abinci ta Thai a Yamma suna sayar da ja, rawaya, da kore curries tare da chili peppers na waɗannan launuka, sau da yawa an haɗa su da ƙarin kayan yaji na launuka iri ɗaya. A Burtaniya, curry ya zama abincin ƙasa, tare da wasu nau'ikan da aka karɓa daga Indiya, wasu an gyara su ko kuma an ƙirƙira su gaba ɗaya, kamar yadda yake tare da kaza tikka masala, wanda gidajen cin abinci na Bangladesh na Burtaniya suka kirkira a karni na 20. == Magana == Kalmar 'curry' ba ta bayyana a cikin kowane yaren Indiya. Kalmomi daban-daban tare da irin wannan sauti, kamar ''Khari'' da ''caril'', suna nufin "sauce" a cikin amfani na zamani, amma mai yiwuwa suna nufin takamaiman cakuda kayan yaji, da kuma tasa ta amfani da wannan cakuda, lokacin da Portuguese suka isa Goa. Masanin al'adun abinci Lizzie Collingham ya nuna cewa Portuguese sun ji kuma sun karɓi kalmar, wanda hakan ya haifar da ma'anar zamani na tasa, sau da yawa mai ɗanɗano, a cikin sauce ko soya. Collingham ya rubuta cewa: {{Sfn|Collingham|2006}} {{Blockquote|No Indian, however, would have referred to his or her food as a curry. The idea of a curry is, in fact, a concept that the Europeans imposed on India's food culture. Indians referred to their different dishes by specific names... But the British lumped all these together under the heading of curry.{{sfn|Collingham|2006|p=115}}}} 'Curry' "an samo shi ne daga ƙarshe" <ref name="Online Etym Dict" /> daga wasu haɗuwa da kalmomin Dravidian na yarukan kudancin Indiya. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan kalmomin shine Tamil ''kaṟi'' (saki) ma'ana 'sauce' ko 'murna ga shinkafa'. <ref name="Online Etym Dict">{{Cite web |year=2018 |title=Curry |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013123/https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 |archive-date=9 October 2018 |access-date=8 October 2018 |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-28 |title=What we know as "curry" has a long and curious history |url=https://thetakeout.com/what-we-know-as-curry-has-a-long-and-curious-history-1798252495 |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=The Takeout}}</ref> Sauran Harsunan Dravidian, wato [[Malayalam]], [[Kannada]] da Kodava, suna da irin waɗannan kalmomi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=kari – A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary |url=https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/burrow_query.py?qs=ka%E1%B9%9Fi&searchhws=yes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623031133/https://dsalsrv04.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/burrow_query.py?qs=ka%E1%B9%9Fi&searchhws=yes |archive-date=23 June 2020}}</ref> An bayyana ''Kaṟi'' a cikin Littafin dafa abinci na Portuguese na tsakiyar karni na 17 ta mambobin Kamfanin Burtaniya na Gabashin Indiya, wadanda ke kasuwanci tare da 'yan kasuwa na Tamil tare da Tekun Coromandel na kudu maso gabashin Indiya, sun zama sanannun "spice blend ... da ake kira ''kari podi'' ko curry foda. "<ref name="taylor" /> Bayyanar farko a cikin nau'in anglicised (spelt ''currey'') ya kasance a cikin littafin Hannah Glasse na 1747 The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy . <ref name="Online Etym Dict" /> <ref name="taylor">{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Anna-Louise |date=11 October 2013 |title=Curry: Where did it come from? |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/0/24432750 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329151125/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/0/24432750 |archive-date=29 March 2014 |access-date=4 January 2017 |website=BBC Food}}</ref> Kalmar "curry" ba ta samo asali ne daga sunan itacen curry ba, kodayake wasu curries sun haɗa da ganyen curry tsakanin sauran kayan yaji da yawa. Ba shi da alaƙa, ko dai, da kalmar ''cury'' a cikin The Forme of Cury, littafin ''[[wiktionary:cuire|dafa abinci]]'' na Ingilishi na 1390s; wannan kalmar ta fito ne daga kalmar Faransanci ta Tsakiya cuire, ma'ana 'kocin'.<ref name="taylor">{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Anna-Louise |date=11 October 2013 |title=Curry: Where did it come from? |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/0/24432750 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329151125/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/0/24432750 |archive-date=29 March 2014 |access-date=4 January 2017 |website=BBC Food}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFTaylor2013">Taylor, Anna-Louise (11 October 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140329151125/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/0/24432750 "Curry: Where did it come from?"]. ''BBC Food''. Archived from [http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/0/24432750 the original] on 29 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref><ref name="Online Etym Dict">{{Cite web |year=2018 |title=Curry |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013123/https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 |archive-date=9 October 2018 |access-date=8 October 2018 |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 "Curry"]. Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper. 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013123/https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 Archived] from the original on 9 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> == Musayar al'adu == === Kasuwancin kayan yaji na dā a Asiya === 'Yan kasuwa na Austronesian a kudu maso gabashin Asiya sun sayar da kayan yaji tare da hanyoyin kasuwanci na ruwa tsakanin Kudancin Asiya (da farko tashar jiragen ruwa a kudu maso gabar Indiya da Sri Lanka) da Gabashin Asiya har zuwa 5000 KZ.<ref>{{Cite journal |author-link=Wilhelm Solheim |date=1996 |title=The Nusantao and north-south dispersals |journal=Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association |volume=15 |pages=101–109 |doi=Solheim}}</ref> Shaidar archaeological da ta kasance a 2600 KZ daga Mohenjo-daro ta nuna amfani da tururi da pestle don yin kayan yaji ciki har da mustard, fennel, cumin, da [[Tsamiya|tamarind]] pods wanda suke ɗanɗano abinci.<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Raghavan Iyer (chef)}}</ref> Black pepper asalinsa ne a Yankin Indiya da kudu maso gabashin Asiya kuma an san shi da dafa abinci na Indiya tun aƙalla 2000 KZ.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Pepper">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Davidson|2014}}</ref> Abubuwa uku na asali na stew mai ɗanɗano sune [[Citta|ginger]], [[tafarnuwa]], da turmeric. Yin amfani da nazarin hatsi na starch, masu binciken tarihi sun gano ragowar waɗannan kayan yaji a cikin kwarangwal da yumbu daga tono a Indiya, suna gano cewa turmeric da [[Citta|ginger]] sun kasance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=People Have Been Eating Curry for 4,500 Years |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/people-have-been-eating-curry-for-4500-years-8604270/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517012343/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/people-have-been-eating-curry-for-4500-years-8604270/ |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=26 December 2020 |website=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="Lawler 2013">{{Cite web |last=Lawler |first=Andrew |date=29 January 2013 |title=Where Did Curry Come From? |url=https://slate.com/human-interest/2013/01/indus-civilization-food-how-scientists-are-figuring-out-what-curry-was-like-4500-years-ago.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115085836/https://slate.com/human-interest/2013/01/indus-civilization-food-how-scientists-are-figuring-out-what-curry-was-like-4500-years-ago.html |archive-date=15 November 2020 |access-date=27 December 2020 |website=Slate}}</ref> Sauces a Indiya kafin Columbus na iya ƙunsar baƙar fata ko dogon albasa don samar da ɗan zafi, amma ba chili ba, don haka ba su mai zafi mai zafi ta hanyar ƙa'idodin zamani.<ref name="Twilley Graber 2019 transcript">{{Cite web |last=Twilley |first=Nicola |last2=Graber |first2=Nicola |date=9 April 2019 |title=Transcript: The Curry Chronicles |url=https://gastropod.com/transcript-the-curry-chronicles/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=Gastropod}}</ref> === Kasuwanci na zamani na farko === [[Fayil:Curry's_origins.svg|center|thumb|Asalin da yaduwar curry a duniya. An sayar da kayan yaji tsakanin Indiya da Gabashin Asiya daga 5000 KZ. Canjin Columbian ya kawo albasa zuwa Indiya.<ref name="Batsha 2020">{{Cite web |last=Batsha |first=Nishant |author-link=Nishant Batsha |date=25 June 2020 |title=Curry Before Columbus |url=https://contingentmagazine.org/2020/06/25/curry-before-columbus/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517012336/https://contingentmagazine.org/2020/06/25/curry-before-columbus/ |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=15 December 2020 |website=Contingent}}</ref> Abinci na Anglo-Indian ya zo Burtaniya a karni na 17.<ref name="Twilley Graber 2019 transcript">{{Cite web |last=Twilley |first=Nicola |last2=Graber |first2=Nicola |date=9 April 2019 |title=Transcript: The Curry Chronicles |url=https://gastropod.com/transcript-the-curry-chronicles/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=Gastropod}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">Twilley, Nicola; Graber, Nicola (9 April 2019). [https://gastropod.com/transcript-the-curry-chronicles/ "Transcript: The Curry Chronicles"]. ''Gastropod''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Kalmar "curry" an fara rubuta ta ne a cikin littafin dafa abinci na Turanci na Hannah Glasse na 1747. <ref name="Online Etym Dict">{{Cite web |year=2018 |title=Curry |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013123/https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 |archive-date=9 October 2018 |access-date=8 October 2018 |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 "Curry"]. Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper. 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013123/https://www.etymonline.com/word/curry#etymonline_v_491 Archived] from the original on 9 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> A cikin karni na 19, curry ya bazu zuwa Caribbean da Japan, kuma daga can zuwa mutanen kasar Sin, farawa a Singapore. Ƙarin ƙaura da duniya (ba a nuna shi ba) ya sa curry ya zama cikakkiyar abinci ta duniya.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Curry">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Davidson|2014}}</ref>]] Kafa [[Mughal Empire|Daular Mughal]], a farkon karni na 16, ya rinjayi wasu curries, musamman a arewa. Wani tasiri shi ne kafa Cibiyar Kasuwanci ta Fotigal a [[Goa]] a cikin 1510, wanda ya haifar da gabatar da sili, tumatir da dankali zuwa Indiya daga Amurka, a matsayin samfurin musayar Columbian.<ref name="Batsha 2020">{{Cite web |last=Batsha |first=Nishant |author-link=Nishant Batsha |date=25 June 2020 |title=Curry Before Columbus |url=https://contingentmagazine.org/2020/06/25/curry-before-columbus/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517012336/https://contingentmagazine.org/2020/06/25/curry-before-columbus/ |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=15 December 2020 |website=Contingent}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBatsha2020">[[Nishant Batsha|Batsha, Nishant]] (25 June 2020). [https://contingentmagazine.org/2020/06/25/curry-before-columbus/ "Curry Before Columbus"]. ''Contingent''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210517012336/https://contingentmagazine.org/2020/06/25/curry-before-columbus/ Archived] from the original on 17 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A cikin shekara ta 1598, fassarar Turanci na wani littafi na Dutch game da tafiya a Gabashin Indiya ya ambaci wani "mai ɗanɗano" broth da ake kira ''Carriel'', wanda aka ci tare da shinkafa.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Curry">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Davidson|2014}}</ref> An yi amfani da kalmar yaren Holland {{Lang|nl|karie}} daga baya a cikin Dutch East Indies daga karni na 19; yawancin Indiyawan sun yi ƙaura zuwa kudu maso gabashin Asiya.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Curry" /> === Tasirin Burtaniya === [[Fayil:How_Anglo-Indians_made_Curry.svg|center|thumb|Masu dafa abinci na Anglo-Indian sun kirkiro abin da suka kira curry ta hanyar zabar sinadaran yanki daga ko'ina cikin Indiya ta Burtaniya ta amfani da su a cikin abincin Indiya daga wasu yankuna. Lizzie Collingham ta bayyana dandano a matsayin "mai ban sha'awa", "pan-Indian", "marasa ƙwarewa", wanda ke nuna "sha'awar kayan ado", da kuma samar da "mahimmanci"; amma Birtaniya ce kawai ta ci shi. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka kirkira akwai kedgeree, da Madras curry, waɗanda aka yi musu hidima tare da chutneys, pickles, Bombay duck, da poppadoms.{{Sfn|Collingham|2006}}]] An gabatar da Curry ga abinci na Ingilishi daga girkin Anglo-Indiya a ƙarni na 17, yayin da aka ƙara miya mai yaji a dafaffe da dafaffen nama. {{Sfn|Collingham|2006}} An kirkiro wannan abincin a cikin Raj na Burtaniya lokacin da matan Burtaniya ko memsahibs suka umurci masu dafa abinci Indiya akan abincin da suke so, suna canza jita-jita da yawa a cikin tsari. <ref name="Davidson 2014 Anglo-Indian">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Davidson|2014}}</ref> Bugu da ari, a ƙarshen karni na 18th da farkon 19th, lokacin da akwai 'yan matan Birtaniya a Indiya, mazan Birtaniya sukan zauna tare da matan Indiyawa, suna samun al'adun gida, harshe, da abinci. {{Sfn|Collingham|2006}} An fara ba da Curry a gidajen kofi a Biritaniya daga 1809. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 November 2009 |title=How Britain got the hots for curry |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8370054.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128165253/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8370054.stm |archive-date=28 January 2016 |access-date=29 January 2016 |publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Masu dafa abinci na Indiya a karni na 19 sun shirya curries ga iyayensu na Burtaniya da aka sauƙaƙe kuma aka daidaita su da dandano na Anglo-Indian. Misali, ''Quarama'' daga [[Lucknow]] ya ƙunshi (a tsakanin sauran sinadaran) ghee, yoghurt, cream, almonds, cloves, cardamom, da saffron; yayin da 1869 Anglo-Indian quorema ko ''Korma'', "ya bambanta da abu da kuma suna", ba shi da cream, almond, ko saffron, amma ya kara da kayan yaji na Burtaniya na lokacin, wato coriander, ginger, da baƙar fata.{{Sfn|Collingham|2006}} Curry, da farko an fahimta a matsayin "wani tsari da ba a saba da shi ba na stews da ragouts na Indiya", ya zama "abinci a kansa, wanda aka kirkira ga Birtaniya a Indiya".{{Sfn|Collingham|2006}} Collingham ya bayyana sakamakon abinci na Anglo-Indian a matsayin "mai ban sha'awa", "pan-Indian", "marasa ƙwarewa", wanda ke nuna "sha'awar kayan ado", da kuma samar da "mahimmanci"; amma Birtaniya ce kawai ta ci shi.{{Sfn|Collingham|2006}} A wani wuri a cikin karni na 19, ma'aikatan Indiya a Masana'antar sukari ta Burtaniya sun kai curry zuwa Caribbean.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Curry">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Davidson|2014}}</ref> === Kasuwanci na Duniya === Tun daga tsakiyar karni na 20, curries na yawancin salon ƙasa sun zama sanannun nesa da asalin su, kuma suna ƙara zama wani ɓangare na abinci na duniya. Alan Davidson ya rubuta cewa fadada curry a duk duniya sakamakon Indiya ne da kuma duniya, wanda ya fara a cikin Daular Burtaniya, kuma ya biyo bayan baƙi na tattalin arziki waɗanda suka kawo abincin Indiya zuwa ƙasashe da yawa.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Curry">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Davidson|2014}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1886, ''Gālí'' (pronunciation na Sinanci na "curry") ya bayyana tsakanin Sinanci a Singapore. Mutanen Malay na kasar Sin sun kawo curry zuwa kasar Sin.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Curry" /> A Indiya, ana shirya kayan yaji koyaushe don amfani da su a cikin sauces.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Powder">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Davidson|2014}}</ref> An samo shi daga irin wannan cakuda (amma ba ya dauke da ganyen curry ), curry foda wani kayan yaji ne da aka shirya da aka fara siyarwa da 'yan kasuwa na Indiya ga' yan kasuwa na mulkin mallaka na Turai.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Leaves">{{Harvard citation no brackets|Davidson|2014}}</ref> Wannan yana samuwa ne daga kasuwanci daga ƙarshen karni na 18, tare da alamomi kamar Crosse &amp;amp; Blackwell da Sharwood's suna ci gaba har zuwa yanzu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=First British advert for curry powder |url=http://www.bl.uk/learning/timeline/item126721.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823180723/http://www.bl.uk/learning/timeline/item126721.html |archive-date=23 August 2021 |access-date=29 December 2020 |website=bl.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 August 2018 |title=TV review: Inside the Factory lifts the lid on how our curries are made |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/inside-factory-tv-review-greg-wallace-curry-chicken-tikka-masala-a8489311.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017012043/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/inside-factory-tv-review-greg-wallace-curry-chicken-tikka-masala-a8489311.html |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=7 March 2021 |website=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> 'Yan kasuwa na Burtaniya sun gabatar da foda zuwa zamanin Meiji a Japan, a tsakiyar karni na 19, inda aka fi sani da Curry na Japan. == Nau'o'in == Akwai nau'ikan curry da yawa. Zaɓin kayan yaji don kowane abinci a cikin abincin gargajiya ya dogara da al'adun al'adu na yanki da abubuwan da mutum ya fi so.Irin waɗannan jita-jita suna da sunaye kamar dopiaza da rogan josh waɗanda ke nufin sinadaran su, kayan yaji, da hanyoyin dafa abinci. A waje da yankin Indiya, curry abinci ne daga kudu maso gabashin Asiya wanda ke amfani da madarar kwakwa da kayan yaji, kuma ana cinye shi a kan shinkafa.[2] Curries na iya ƙunsar kifi, nama, kaji, ko kifi, ko dai shi kaɗai ko a hade da kayan lambu. Sauran suna cin ganyayyaki. Haɗin masala haɗuwa ce ta bushe ko bushe-roasted kayan yaji da aka saba yi a gida don wasu curries. Ana dafa curries masu bushewa ta amfani da ƙananan ruwa, wanda aka ba da izinin narkewa, yana barin sauran sinadaran da aka rufe da cakuda kayan yaji. Curries mai laushi yana dauke da adadi mai yawa na sauce ko sauce wanda ya dogara da broth, [[cream]]" kwakwa cream ko kwakwa madara, dairy cream ko yogurt, ko [[Legum|legume]] purée, sautéed crushed onion, ko tomato purée. Curry foda, cakuda kayan yaji da aka shirya don kasuwanci da ake siyarwa a Yamma, an fara fitar da shi zuwa Burtaniya a karni na 18 lokacin da 'yan kasuwa na Indiya suka sayar da kayan yaji, mai kama da garam masala, ga Kamfanin Burtaniya na Gabashin Indiya da ya dawo Burtaniya.<ref name="eb" /> {| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto;" |+Hanyoyin curries na iya bambanta<ref name="Dillon 2024">{{Cite web |last=Dillon |first=Sheila |author-link=Sheila Dillon |date=2024 |title=From balti to bhuna: the ultimate guide to curry |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/3jPY8xvk41DrT93Lw4XPk1w/from-balti-to-bhuna-the-ultimate-guide-to-curry |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=[[BBC Radio 4]]}}</ref> !Nau'in bambancin !Daga !Zuwa |- !Ƙananan Ƙanƙara&nbsp;&nbsp; |Korma (kayan ƙanshi) {{Efn|Korma can be made with flavourings such as cloves, ginger, cardamom, cumin, coriander, turmeric, bay, onion and garlic.}} |Madras (chili) |- !Ruwa da Creamy |Rogan josh (kayan kwalliya) |Korma (yoghurt ko cream) |- !Ruwa mai bushewa |Tikka (nama mai laushi, kayan yaji) |Tikka masala (tomato, cream) |- !Abin zaki mai zaki&nbsp; |Dopiaza (onion, lemun tsami) |Pasanda (almonds, sukari) |- !Stir-fry Sinmer&nbsp; |Balti (mai, albasa, dankali) |Dhansak (lentils, kayan yaji, tumatir) |} == Ta hanyar yanki == === Ƙasar Ingila === [[Fayil:Chicken_Tikka_Masala-01.jpg|thumb|Chicken tikka masala tare da shinkafa da naan burodi]] Curry ya shahara sosai a Ƙasar Ingila, tare da gidan curry a kusan kowane gari.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 October 2017 |title=National Curry Week: Why Britain loves curry |url=http://www.fsc.uk.com/national-curry-week-britain-loves-curry/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110103644/https://www.fsc.uk.com/national-curry-week-britain-loves-curry/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=16 July 2020 |website=Fleet Street Communications}}</ref> Irin wannan shahararsa ce ana kiranta akai-akai "abincin da aka karɓa na ƙasa". An kiyasta cewa a cikin 2016 akwai gidajen curry 12,000, suna daukar ma'aikata 100,000 kuma tare da hadin gwiwar tallace-tallace na shekara-shekara na kusan £ 4.2 biliyan. &nbsp;Abincin da aka bayar ana dafa shi zuwa dandano na Burtaniya, amma tare da karuwar buƙata don ainihin salon Indiya. A shekara ta 2001, Sakataren kasashen waje na Burtaniya Robin Cook ya bayyana tikka masala a matsayin "abinci na gaskiya na Burtaniya, ba wai kawai saboda shi ne mafi mashahuri ba, amma saboda cikakkiyar misali ce game da yadda Burtaniya ke shawo kan kuma daidaita tasirin waje. " asalinsa ba tabbatacce ba ne, amma kafofin da yawa sun danganta shi ga 'Yan Asiya na Burtaniya; wasu sun ambaci [[Glasgow]] a matsayin asalin asalinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dutt |first=Vijay |date=21 October 2007 |title=60 years of Chicken Tikka Masala |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/60-years-of-chicken-tikka-masala/story-cPUJ0MAdX4WxqcxYTrqA3H.html |access-date=13 December 2021 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Emma |title=Most people have no clue chicken tikka masala isn't an Indian dish, according to a top Indian chef |url=https://www.insider.com/chicken-tikka-masala-not-indian-dishoom-chef-naved-nasir-2019-11 |access-date=13 December 2021 |website=Insider}}</ref> Yana iya samo asali ne daga kaza na man shanu, sananne a arewacin Indiya. Curries a Burtaniya an samo su ne daga Indiya kuma wani bangare daga kirkirar gidajen cin abinci na Indiya. Sun bambanta daga ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano zuwa mai zafi sosai, tare da sunayen da aka daidaita a duk faɗin ƙasar, amma galibi ba a san su ba a Indiya.<ref name="Dillon 2024">{{Cite web |last=Dillon |first=Sheila |author-link=Sheila Dillon |date=2024 |title=From balti to bhuna: the ultimate guide to curry |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/3jPY8xvk41DrT93Lw4XPk1w/from-balti-to-bhuna-the-ultimate-guide-to-curry |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=[[BBC Radio 4]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFDillon2024">[[Sheila Dillon|Dillon, Sheila]] (2024). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/3jPY8xvk41DrT93Lw4XPk1w/from-balti-to-bhuna-the-ultimate-guide-to-curry "From balti to bhuna: the ultimate guide to curry"]. [[BBC Radio 4]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> {| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto;" |+Yankin ƙarfin curries na Burtaniya <ref name="Dillon 2024">{{Cite web |last=Dillon |first=Sheila |author-link=Sheila Dillon |date=2024 |title=From balti to bhuna: the ultimate guide to curry |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/3jPY8xvk41DrT93Lw4XPk1w/from-balti-to-bhuna-the-ultimate-guide-to-curry |access-date=7 October 2024 |publisher=[[BBC Radio 4]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFDillon2024">[[Sheila Dillon|Dillon, Sheila]] (2024). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/3jPY8xvk41DrT93Lw4XPk1w/from-balti-to-bhuna-the-ultimate-guide-to-curry "From balti to bhuna: the ultimate guide to curry"]. [[BBC Radio 4]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> !Ƙarfi !Misali !Wurin da ya samo asali !Ranar asalinsa !Bayyanawa |- ! style="background:Khaki;" |Mai sauƙi |Korma |Kotun [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]], Arewacin Indiya |Karni na 16 |Mai laushi, mai laushi; yana iya samun almond, kwakwa, ko 'ya'yan itace |- ! style="background:Yellow;" |Matsakaici |Madras |Gidan cin abinci na Bangladesh na Burtaniya |Shekaru na 1970 |Red, mai ɗanɗano tare da foda |- ! style="background:Orange;" |Hoton |Vindaloo |Gidan cin abinci na Bangladesh na Burtaniya{{Efn|The name 'Vindaloo' is from Portuguese ''vinha d'alhos'' (with wine [vinegar] and garlic), but the British version is quite different.<ref name="Dillon 2024"/>}} |Shekaru na 1970 |Yana da ɗanɗano sosai tare da chili da dankali{{Efn|The addition of potatoes may be from confusion of 'Vindaloo' with Hindi {{lang|hi|आलू}} {{transliteration|hi|āloo}}, potato.<ref name="Dillon 2024"/>}} |- ! style="background:Salmon;" |Mai tsanani |Rashin jituwa |Biritaniya Bangladesh, [[Birmingham]] |Karni na 20 |Piri mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi misali bonet na Scotch, Habanero |} <gallery class="center" mode="nolines" widths="180" heights="180"> Fayil:Gulai_kambing_masakan_Padang.JPG|Mutton ''gulai'' (Indonesian curry), part of ''nasi padang'' Fayil:Myanma_cuisine_(cropped).jpg|A traditional meal featuring several Burmese curries Fayil:Philippine_Chicken_curry_(cropped).jpg|Filipino chicken curry Fayil:Phanaeng_mu_(cropped).jpg|Thai ''phanaeng'' with pork Fayil:Cà_Ri_Gà_Vietnamese_Chicken_Curry_2019-1600.jpg|Vietnamese ''cà ri'' with chicken </gallery> === Afirka ta Kudu === [[Fayil:Durban's_Famous_Mutton_Bunny_Chow.jpg|thumb|Bunny chow, Afirka ta Kudu]] Curry ya bazu zuwa [[Afirka ta Kudu]] tare da ƙaurawar mutane daga yankin Indiya zuwa yankin a zamanin mulkin mallaka. Curries na [[Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika|Afirka]], curries na Cape Malay da curries na Natal sun haɗa da curry na gargajiya na Natal, curry na Durban, Bunny chow, da kuma roti rolls. An kirkiro curries na Afirka ta Kudu a KwaZulu-Natal da Yammacin Cape, yayin da wasu suka bunkasa a duk faɗin ƙasar a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20 da farkon ƙarni na 21 don haɗawa da ekasi, launi, da nau'ikan [[Al'ummar Afrikaner|Afrikaner]]. [[Durban]] tana da mafi yawan Indiyawa a waje da Indiya a duniya.<ref name="ishay">{{Cite web |last=Govender-Ypma |first=Ishay |date=11 November 2017 |title=The Brutal History of South Africa's Most Famous Curry |url=https://munchies.vice.com/en_us/article/qv3njv/the-brutal-history-of-south-africas-most-famous-curry |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128021236/https://munchies.vice.com/en_us/article/qv3njv/the-brutal-history-of-south-africas-most-famous-curry |archive-date=28 January 2018 |access-date=27 January 2018 |publisher=Munchies}}</ref> Bunny chow ko "set", misali na Afirka ta Kudu, ya ƙunshi ko dai ɗan rago, kaza ko wake curry da aka zuba a cikin gurasar gurasar da za a ci da yatsun mutum ta hanyar tsoma gurasar a ciki.<ref name="seid" /><ref name="ishay" /> 'Bunny chow' na nufin 'abinci na Indiya', daga [[wiktionary:banyan|Banian]], Indiya. An kirkiro hanyar ba da curry ne saboda wariyar launin fata ta haramta baƙar fata cin abinci a gidajen cin abinci na Indiya; ana iya cire burodi da sauri kuma a ci su a kan titi.{{Sfn|Collingham|2006}} == Dubi kuma == * Kungiyar Curry == Bayani == {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2j9wiy77d6x5c0iaa5ifhpmwcku1ndq 0 87266 549614 541246 2024-12-01T18:37:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Bikin Ake Arts and Book wani taron wallafe-wallafe da fasaha ne da ake gudanarwa a kowace shekara a Najeriya. [[Lola Shoneyin]], marubuciya kuma mawakiyar Najeriya ce ta kafa ta a shekarar 2013 a [[Abeokuta]]. Ya ƙunshi sababbin marubuta da aka kafa daga ko'ina cikin duniya, kuma babban abin da ya fi mayar da hankali shi ne ingantawa, haɓaka, da kuma murnar kirkirar marubutan Afirka, mawaƙa, da masu zane-zane. An bayyana bikin Aké Arts and Book a matsayin babban taron shekara-shekara na marubuta, editoci, masu sukar, da masu karatu a nahiyar Afirka.<ref name="BrittlePaper">{{Cite web |last=Obi-Young |first=Otosirieze |date=23 June 2018 |title=Fantastical Futures {{!}} Ake Festival 2018 Will Focus on a Re-Imagined Africa |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2018/06/fantastical-futures-ake-festival-2018-will-focus-on-a-re-imagined-africa/ |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> Bikin yana da shafin yanar gizon hukuma da mujallar sadaukarwa, wanda aka sani da Ake Review .''Ake Bincike.'' == Kafa bikin == Lola Shoneyin ta kafa bikin ne saboda, a cewarta, "ta so wurin da masu ilimi da masu tunani za su iya taruwa suyi magana game da batutuwan Afirka a ƙasar Afirka".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lola Shoneyin |date=9 January 2015 |title=Why I organise annual Ake Arts and Book Festival |url=http://www.mynewswatchtimesng.com/organise-annual-ake-arts-book-festival-lola-shoneyin/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507115642/http://www.mynewswatchtimesng.com/organise-annual-ake-arts-book-festival-lola-shoneyin/ |archive-date=7 May 2016 |access-date=4 May 2016 |website=Newswatch Times}}</ref> An sanya sunan bikin ne bayan Aké, wani gari a [[Abeokuta]], [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]], inda aka haifi lambar yabo ta Nobel ta farko a Afirka a cikin wallafe-wallafen, [[Wole Soyinka]], a 1934. == Buga na farko (2013) == An gudanar da bikin na farko a Cibiyar Al'adu a Kuto, Abeokuta, 19-24 Nuwamba 2013. Taken bikin shine "The Shadow of Memory".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ibrahim |first=Abubakar Adam |date=8 December 2013 |title=Ake: A festival to remember |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/ake-a-festival-to-remember.html |website=Daily Trust}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ya faru shi ne wani taron da 'yan Najeriya hudu a ƙarƙashin shekaru 21 suka sami damar yin tambayoyi ga Laureate Nobel Wole Soyinka game da rayuwarsa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Elusoji |first=Solomon |date=1 December 2013 |title=Is This Africa's Biggest Literary Festival? |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/is-this-africa-s-biggest-literary-festival-/165599/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219131518/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/is-this-africa-s-biggest-literary-festival-/165599/ |archive-date=19 February 2014 |website=This Day}}</ref> == Buga na biyu (2014) == An gudanar da bikin na biyu daga 18 ga Nuwamba zuwa 22 ga Nuwamba 2014. Taken shi ne "Bridges and Pathways".<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 October 2014 |title=Outstanding line up at Nigeria's 2014 Ake Arts and Book Festival |url=http://caineprize.blogspot.com.ng/2014/10/outstanding-line-up-at-nigerias-2014.html/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151112040057/http://caineprize.blogspot.com.ng/2014/10/outstanding-line-up-at-nigerias-2014.html |archive-date=12 November 2015 |publisher=The Caine Prize}}</ref> == Buga na uku (2015) == An gudanar da bikin na 2015, mai taken "Engaging the Fringe", tsakanin 17 ga Nuwamba da 21 ga Nuwamba na wannan shekarar, kuma yana da marubuta sama da 80, masu zane-zane da masu wasan kwaikwayo, masu bincike, da malamai daga ko'ina cikin duniya.<ref name="Vanguard">{{Cite web |last=Duru |first=Prisca Sam |date=3 December 2015 |title=Resonating tales from Ake Festival |url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/12/resonating-tales-from-ake-festival/ |website=Vanguard Newspaper}}</ref> An gudanar da bikin budewa na hukuma a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 2016, kuma ya ƙunshi jawabai daga Babban Gwamnan [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] Ibikunle Amosun, Jakadan [[Tarayyar Turai]] a Najeriya da [[Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma|ECOWAS]] Michel Arrion, da kuma Baji Nyam na Marine Platforms. <ref name="Vanguard" /> Mawallafin Niyi Osundare ne ya jagoranci bikin, wanda shi ma ya kasance a kan murfin wannan shekarar na Aké Review . Sauran sanannun marubuta a bikin sun hada da [[Helon Habila]], Binyavanga Waina, Mona Elthahawy, [[Chris Abani]], [[Véronique Tadjo]], Pierre Cherruau, E. C. Osondu, [[Taiye Selasi]], Novuyo Rosa Tshuma, da [[Nnedi Okorafor]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Odeh |first=Nehru |date=15 November 2015 |title=Why we are organizing Ake Arts Festival – Lola Shoneyin |url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/artsbooks/193209-%E2%80%8Ewhy-we-are-organizing-ake-arts-festival-lola-shoneyin.html/ |website=Premium Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=9 November 2015 |title=Ake Arts And Book Festival 2015 |url=http://pulse.ng/events/arts-festival-ake-arts-and-book-festival-2015-id4339429.html/ |website=Pulse |access-date=16 November 2024 |archive-date=15 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715160326/http://www.pulse.ng/events/arts-festival-ake-arts-and-book-festival-2015-id4339429.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wannan fitowar ta ƙunshi nune-nunen hotuna masu taken Margins da Marginalisation na Andrew Esiebo da Shadows da Dreams na Tyna Adebowale . <ref name="Vanguard"/> Hear Word, wasan da [[Ifeoma Fafunwa]] ya jagoranta, an kuma yi shi a taron. == Buga na huɗu (2016) == Taken fitowar 2016, wanda aka gudanar a ranar 15-19 ga Nuwamba, shine "A ƙarƙashin wannan Skin". Marubucin Kenya Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o ne ya jagoranci bikin. Ya ƙunshi nune-nunen fasaha da yawa, gami da Al'adun Al'adu na [[Ayobola Kekere-Ekun]] da ''Bits na Borno'' na Fatima Abubakar. Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi wasan kwaikwayo, ''Iyalode na Eti'', wanda Debo Oluwatuminu ya daidaita don mataki kuma Moji Kareem da Femi Elufowoju Jr. suka ba da umarni. Wasan ya samo asali ne daga aikin John Webster The ''Duchess na Malfi'' . Har ila yau, akwai kide-kide na kiɗa tare da [[Brymo]], Adunni Nefretiti, da Falana suna yin wasan kwaikwayo a taron. Fim din na bikin shine ''Hissene Habré'', Wani Bala'i na Chadi na Mahamat-Saleh Haroun . An yi hira da Clément Abaifouta, shugaban kungiyar Chadian Victim's Association, wanda ya yi yaƙi don kawo [[Hissène Habré|Hissene Habré]] ga adalci. An kama Abaifouta a shekarar 1985 ta hanyar sanannen 'yan sanda na siyasa na Habre, wanda ke zarginsa da alaƙa da adawar shugaban. == Buga na biyar (2017) == Taken fitowar 2017, wanda aka gudanar 14-18 Nuwamba 2017, shine "Wannan F-Word". Mawallafin shi ne marubucin Ghana kuma mawaki Ama Ata Aidoo . Wannan fitowar ta ƙunshi abubuwan da suka faru da yawa, gami da ƙaddamar da fitowar mujallar ''Saraba'' ta farko da kuma gabatar da kyaututtuka don Nommo Awards. == Buga na shida (2018) == Taken fitowar 2018 shine "Fantastical Futures", wanda ya mayar da hankali kan abubuwan da suka faru da tattaunawa game da kyakkyawar makomar Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dark |first=Shayera |date=5 November 2018 |title='We need to have lots of conversations about the Africa we want'—An interview with Lola Shoneyin, founder of the Aké Festival |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2018/11/05/we-need-to-have-lots-of-conversations-about-the-africa-we-want-an-interview-with-lola-shoneyin-founder-of-the-ake-festival/ |website=Johannesburg Review of Books}}</ref> A karo na farko tun 2013, an gudanar da bikin Ake a Legas, 25-28 Oktoba 2018, a Otal din Radisson Blu, Ikeja . Bikin na 2018 ya yi bikin fasahar Afirka a cikin daukar hoto da nune-nunen fasaha na matasa masu fasaha na Afirka kamar [[Abdulkareem Baba Aminu|Abdulkareem Baba]], Eloghosa Osunde, Isma'il Shomala, da Roye Okupe. == Buga na bakwai (2019) == Buga na bakwai ya kasance mai taken "Black Bodies and Grey Matter". Ya ƙunshi kusan baƙi 120, sama da masu halarta 500, tattaunawar panel goma sha bakwai, tattaunawar littattafai goma sha biyu, nune-nunen fasaha guda ɗaya, Eat The Book, da ƙaddamar da Waterbirds a kan Lakeshore, tarihin matasa na Afirka ta Goethe-Institut (wanda Ouida Books ya buga). <ref name="2020 Ake Arts & Book Festival Moves Online">{{Cite web |last=Ibeh |first=Chukwuebuka |date=10 April 2020 |title=The 2020 Ake Arts & Book Festival Moves Online |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2020/04/the-2020-ake-arts-book-festival-moves-online/ |access-date=31 July 2021 |website=Brittle Paper |language=en-US}}</ref> == Buga na takwas (2020) == Zaben na takwas na bikin, mai taken "Lokacin Afirka", ya faru ne a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], 22-25 ga Oktoba 2020, kuma an gudanar da shi a kan layi saboda annobar COVID-19. <ref name="2020 Ake Arts & Book Festival Moves Online"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=6 April 2020 |title=Covid-19: Ake Arts and Book Festival 2020 to go online. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/covid-19-ake-arts-and-book-festival-2020-to-go-online/ |access-date=11 May 2024 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> Bikin ya ƙunshi [[Wana Udobang|Wana Udobong]], mawaki na Najeriya, kuma ya haɗa da wasan kwaikwayo daga mawaƙa masu basira daga Afirka ta Kudu, Najeriya, Ghana, Senegal, Jamaica, Ingila, Uganda, Senegal, Sudan, Kenya, da Aljeriya. Waƙoƙin da suka halarci fitowar 2020 sun haɗa da Jubir Malick, Vanessa Kissule, Titilope Sonuga, D'bi Young Anitafrika, Samira Negrouche, Ndukwe Onuoha, Sitawa Nawahe, Yomi Sode, Poetra Asantawa, Vangile Gantsho, Afura Kan, da Ola Elhassan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ake Festival Events List |url=https://akefestival.org/events/list/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024004349/https://akefestival.org/events/list/ |archive-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> A lokacin bikin, an nuna wani shirin don girmama Maryse Condé, mai taken The Wondrous Life of Maryse Condée . Condé marubuciya ce ta litattafai da yawa kuma fitacciyar malama ce; ta yi ritaya daga Jami'ar Columbia a matsayin farfesa a harshen Faransanci. Ta kuma koyar a Jami'ar California, Berkeley, da UCLA . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Maryse Condé |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maryse-Conde |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907190747/http://www.britannica.com/biography/Maryse-Conde |archive-date=7 September 2015 |website=Britannica}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Maryse Condé |url=https://french.columbia.edu/content/maryse-conde |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620201945/https://french.columbia.edu/content/maryse-conde |archive-date=20 June 2017 |publisher=Columbia University}}</ref> Har ila yau, an yi tattaunawar kwamitin da ke kewaye da alhakin kafofin watsa labarai don magance bayanan karya. Yinka Adegoke ne ya jagoranci kwamitin, kuma mambobinta sune Yemisi [[Yemisi Akinbobola|Akinbobola]], Wale Lawal, da Chude Jideonwo, wadanda suka yi magana a kan "Media da Ayyukansu ga Matasan Afirka".<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Media and Their Duty to Africa's Youth (Panel Discussion) |url=https://akefestival.org/panel-discussion-the-media-and-their-duty-to-africa%E2%80%99s-youth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023235638/https://akefestival.org/panel-discussion-the-media-and-their-duty-to-africa%E2%80%99s-youth |archive-date=23 October 2020 |website=Aké Festival}}</ref> == Buga na tara (2021) == Taken bikin na tara shine "Generational Discordance" kuma ya faru ne 20-30 Oktoba 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adeniyi |first=Taiwo |date=18 July 2021 |title=2021 Ake Arts & Book Festival holds October |url=https://dailytrust.com/2021-ake-arts-book-festival-holds-october |access-date=14 August 2021 |website=Daily Trust |language=en}}</ref> == Binciken Ake''Ake Bincike'' == The Aké Review shine littafin hukuma na bikin. An buga shi a cikin harsuna uku na hukuma: Turanci, Yorùbá, da Faransanci. Oyebade Dosunmu da Lola Shoneyin ne suka shirya bita na 2014. Kola Tubosun da Kolade Arogundade ne suka shirya bita na 2015. Kowace fitowar tana da jerin tambayoyi 10 da baƙi na Ake Festival suka amsa. Bugu da kari, littafin yana da tambayoyi, gajeren fiction, shayari, daukar hoto, da fasaha. A cikin fitowar 2015 na Ake Review, akwai wata hira mai zurfi tare da mawaki da malami Niyi Osundare, wanda kuma ya bayyana a kan murfin, da kuma hira da mai lashe Kyautar Caine ta 2015 Namwali Serpell. Molara Wood ce ta shirya ''Bincike'' 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2016 |title=Aké Festival Tweet |url=https://twitter.com/akefestival/status/728967929744764929?lang=en/ |website=Twitter}}</ref> Rufinsa ya nuna sanannen marubucin Kenya Ngugi shi ne Thiong'o, wanda shi ma ya kasance mai ba da labari a bikin. Ya haɗa da ganawa da Ngugi (wanda Mọlara Wood ya jagoranta), Mahamat Saleh Haroun, da [[Odafe Atogun]] (duka Lola Shoneyin ta jagoranta). Molara Wood ne ya shirya ''Bincike'' 2017, tare da mai gabatar da taron wannan shekarar Ama Ata Aidoo a bangon. Ya haɗa da tambayoyi uku: Diane Awerbuck da Geoff Ryman ya yi hira da shi, Ama Ata Aidoo da Molara Wood ya yi hira, da [[Ayobami Adebayo]] da [[Kola Tubosan|Kola Tubosun]] ya yi hira. Har ila yau, an yi hira da ba a san shi ba tare da Jude Kelly, darektan fasaha na Cibiyar Southbank ta London kuma wanda ya kafa Bikin Mata na Duniya (WOW). Molara Wood ne ya shirya bita na 2018, kuma ya nuna mai gabatar da bikin na wannan shekarar Nuruddin Farah a kan murfin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Ake Review |url=https://www.akefestival.org/about-ake-review/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116113918/https://www.akefestival.org/about-ake-review/ |archive-date=16 November 2019 |access-date=29 April 2020 |website=Ake Festival |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Bincike'' 2019, wanda Molara Wood ya shirya, yana da [[Tsitsi Dangarembga]] a kan murfin. Har ila yau, ya haɗa da wata hira da Tsitsi Dangarembga wanda shine babban mai ba da labari a wannan shekarar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |date=30 June 2019 |title=Ake Review 2019 makes callout for submissions of prose, poetry, and artwork. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/ake-review-2019-makes-callout-for-submissions-of-prose-poetry-and-artwork/ |access-date=11 May 2024 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] b50zgkwp74w0ek0iiyt8wun1sl0tqpd 0 87271 549959 541292 2024-12-02T03:33:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Edikaikong.JPG|thumb| Edikaikong]] '''Edikang ikong''' miya ce ta kayan lambu da ta samo asali daga [[mutanen Efik]] na [[Cross River|jihar Kuros Riba]] da kuma Ibibio na [[Akwa Ibom|jihar Akwa Ibom]] a [[Kasar Inyamurai|Kudancin Najeriya.]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-24 |title=Prepare Edikang Ikong With These 10 Easy Steps |url=https://guardian.ng/life/prepare-edikang-ikong-with-these-10-easy-steps/ |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Tribune |date=2019-12-28 |title=Why not delightsome Edikang-ikong soup? |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/why-not-delightsome-edikang-ikong-soup/ |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin abinci mai daɗi a tsakanin wasu ’yan Najeriya, kuma a wasu lokuta ana yin hidima a lokuta masu mahimmanci. Edikang ikong miya ce mai gina jiki da tsadar girki, kuma an bayyana ta a matsayin mafi yawan masu hannu da shuni a [[Najeriya]]. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su a edikang ikong sun haɗa da naman sa da busasshen kifi, naman daji, crayfish, shaki (cow tripe), kanda, ganyen kabewa, ganyen ruwa, ugu, [[albasa]], periwinkle, [[Manja|man dabino]], [[gishiri]] da barkono. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-26 |title=Edikang Ikong Recipe For Dummies |url=https://guardian.ng/life/food/edikang-ikong-recipe-for-dummies/ |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=joan |date=2015-05-20 |title=Recipe for an amazing Edikang Ikong Soup |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/trad-perfect-recipe-for-an-amazing-edikang-ikong-soup/y9rk2dl |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702230247/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/trad-perfect-recipe-for-an-amazing-edikang-ikong-soup/y9rk2dl |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayan an gama shiri, ana yin edikang ikong ne da [[fufu]], da garin alkama, [[Eba|da eba]], ko kuma [[Pounded yam|daw]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-25 |title=Edikaiakong Soup |url=https://leadership.ng/2018/08/25/edikaiakong-soup/ |access-date=2019-04-19 |website=Leadership Newspaper |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin miya * Jerin miyan kayan lambu * [[Abincin Najeriya]] == Manazarta == i1sw7ck03d4vatyimtkk1rxu494x1hm 0 87318 549861 541446 2024-12-01T22:06:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Bikin Al'adun Gidi (sau da yawa ana kiransa Coachella a [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]]) bikin kiɗa ne na shekara-shekara na rana ɗaya da ke faruwa a Legas, [[Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2018 |title=The Gidi Tribe: Nigeria's most exciting new youth movement |url=https://www.huckmag.com/art-and-culture/music-2/gidi-culture-fest/ |access-date=16 March 2019}}</ref> Chinedu Okeke da Oriteme Banigo ne suka kafa shi, an kirkireshi ne don mayar da martani ga bukatar da Al'adun matasa na yankin suka yi don rayuwa, mai araha, da kuma nishaɗi mai sauƙi a Afirka. Bikin yana ba da wurin zama ga ƙungiyoyi masu rai, DJs, da ayyukan kiɗa don yin. Har ila yau, yana da ayyukan waje, masu siyarwa na gida, da masu sana'a. Babban wasan kwaikwayon ya ƙunshi jerin ayyukan Afirka daga ƙasashe da yawa, gami da [[Najeriya]], [[Ghana]], [[Afirka ta Kudu]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]], [[Kenya]], da Ingila. Manufar bikin ita ce ta karfafa ci gaban ƙwarewar Afirka da inganta masu fasaha a cikin nahiyar da kuma cikin kasuwannin ƙasashen waje. == Tarihi == Bikin Al'adun Gidi ne aka samar da shi ta hanyar Eclipse Live Production .n yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar Lekki Sound Splash, wani bikin da [[Fela Kuti]] ya taɓa jagoranta. Chinedu Okeke da Oriteme Banigo ne suka kafa shi, babban manufar bikin shine ƙirƙirar sarari mai aminci ga matasa wanda zai ba su damar ba da ƙarfi.<ref>name="OkayAfrica1">{{Cite web |last=Kam Tambini |date=9 April 2018 |title=How Gidi Culture Became The Festival For The 'New African Generation' |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/african-festival-gidi-culture-chin-okeke/ |access-date=16 March 2019 |publisher=OkayAfrica}}</ref> An lura da bikin ne saboda ra'ayoyinsa na asali game da mayar da al'umma. Shirin Beach Sweeps da Dreams Project shirye-shiryen musayar ne waɗanda ke haifar da dama ga matasa suyi aiki a cikin masana'antu daban-daban. Baya ga Bikin Al'adu na Gidi, Eclipse Live Production yana samar da Palmwine Music Fest da Nativeland na Najeriya. A wata hira da mujallar ''IQ'' a cikin 2018, Okeke ya ce bikin al'adu na Gidi har yanzu ba zai cika ba, kodayake yana da kyakkyawan fata cewa zai yi hakan a cikin shekaru biyu.<ref> name="IQ magazine">{{Cite web |last=Jo> Chapple |date=4 July 2018 |title='PEOPLE SAY, "IS THAT COACHELLA? I DIDN'T KNOW THEY HAD FESTIVALS LIKE THAT IN AFRICA…" |url=https://www.iq-mag.net/2018/07/coachella-festivals-africa-gidi-culture-chin-okeke/#.XI0XxVNKhdg |access-date=16 March 2019 |publisher=IQ}}</ref> === 2014: Buga na farko === Zaben farko na bikin ya ƙunshi wasan kwaikwayo daga Ice Prince, Phyno, Naeto C, [[Chidinma]], Dammy Krane, Blink, Poe, Boj, Teezee, Ayo Jay, [[Emma Nyra]], Patoranking, Lynxx, Jesse Jagz, Oritse Femi, Orezi, Reminisce, Efya, DJ Obi, DJ Caise, DJ Hazan, [[DJ Cuppy]], DJ Kaywise, [[Falz]], Pucado, Yung L, da Endia . === 2015: Buga na biyu === An gudanar da bikin na biyu a ranar 4 ga Afrilu, 2015, a [[Eko Atlantic]] a Legas. Ya ƙunshi wasan kwaikwayo daga [[EL (rapper)|EL]]M.I M.I Abaga, Show Dem Camp, [[Waje]], [[Yemi Alade]], [[Falz]], EL, [[Victoria Kimani]], Urban Boyz, Awilo Longomba, Temi Dollface, Ebisan da Sauti Sol. Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi DJ Neptune, DJ Lambo da DJ Gino Brown . <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2015 |title=Announces first lineup of artiste, host and DJS |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/gidi-culture-festival-2015-announces-first-lineup-of-artiste-host-and-djs/5er0pw6 |access-date=17 March 2019 |publisher=Pulse Nigeria |archive-date=16 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216090204/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/gidi-culture-festival-2015-announces-first-lineup-of-artiste-host-and-djs/5er0pw6 |url-status=dead }}</ref> === 2016: Buga na uku === An gudanar da bikin na uku a Eko Atlantic a Legas. Sensei Uche da Nomuzi ne suka shirya shi, ya nuna wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Tiwa Savage]], [[D'banj]], Phyno, Small Doctor, Timaya, [[Adekunle Gold]], [[Yemi Alade]], K.O, Riky Rick, Mr 2Kay, Base One, Que Peller, Dice Ailes, Poe, Funbi da Saeon. <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2016 |title=Third year of Lagos music festival shows great improvement |url=https://www.pulse.ng/gidi-fest-2016-third-year-of-lagos-music-festival-shows-great-improvement/rgyzccg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090033/https://www.pulse.ng/gidi-fest-2016-third-year-of-lagos-music-festival-shows-great-improvement/rgyzccg |archive-date=27 March 2019 |access-date=17 March 2019 |publisher=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> === 2017: Buga na huɗu === An gudanar da bikin na huɗu a ranar 15 ga Afrilu, 2017. Diplo, Burna Boy da [[Davido]] ne suka gabatar da shi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ifeoluwa Nihinlola |date=28 March 2017 |title=Nigeria: Diplo, Burna Boy and Davido to headline Gidi Fest |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/nigeria-diplo-burna-boy-and-davido-headline-gidi-fest |access-date=17 March 2019 |publisher=Music in Africa}}</ref> Bikin ya ƙunshi ƙarin wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Seyi Shay]], Reekado Banks, [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], [[Niniola]], Sauti Sol, da Vanessa Mdee.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Agbana |first=Rotimi |date=20 March 2017 |title=Gidi Culture Festival returns with new promises |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/03/gidi-culture-festival-returns-new-promises/ |access-date=17 March 2019 |publisher=Vanguard}}</ref> === 2018: Buga na biyar === Zaben na biyar na bikin ya nuna wasan kwaikwayo daga [[Wizkid]], [[2Baba]], [[Brymo]], [[Adekunle Gold]], Maleek Berry, DJ Spinall da [[Tiwa Savage]], tare da sababbin masu zuwa Odunsi the Engine, Tay Iwar da Lady Donli. <ref name="OkayAfrica1">{{Cite web |last=Kam Tambini |date=9 April 2018 |title=How Gidi Culture Became The Festival For The 'New African Generation' |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/african-festival-gidi-culture-chin-okeke/ |access-date=16 March 2019 |publisher=OkayAfrica}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFKam_Tambini2018">Kam Tambini (9 April 2018). [https://www.okayafrica.com/african-festival-gidi-culture-chin-okeke/ "How Gidi Culture Became The Festival For The 'New African Generation'"]. OkayAfrica<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> Baya ga babban mataki, masu shirya bikin sun gabatar da mataki na biyu da ake kira Next Generation stage. Kafin wasan kwaikwayon ya fara, saitin a kan allon sauti ya sauya, wanda ya haifar da jinkirta wasan kwaikwayon na awa daya.<ref name="OkayAfrica1" /> Mutane 8,000 ne suka halarci bikin. Masu shirya taron sun yi amfani da nasu dandalin tikitin, Seagate, don sayar da tikiti sama da 3,000 a cikin sayarwa.<ref name="IQ magazine">{{Cite web |last=Jon Chapple |date=4 July 2018 |title='PEOPLE SAY, "IS THAT COACHELLA? I DIDN'T KNOW THEY HAD FESTIVALS LIKE THAT IN AFRICA…" |url=https://www.iq-mag.net/2018/07/coachella-festivals-africa-gidi-culture-chin-okeke/#.XI0XxVNKhdg |access-date=16 March 2019 |publisher=IQ}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFJon_Chapple2018">Jon Chapple (4 July 2018). [https://www.iq-mag.net/2018/07/coachella-festivals-africa-gidi-culture-chin-okeke/#.XI0XxVNKhdg "'PEOPLE SAY, "IS THAT COACHELLA? I DIDN'T KNOW THEY HAD FESTIVALS LIKE THAT IN AFRICA…""]. IQ<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> === 2019: Buga na shida === An gudanar da bikin na shida a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 2019, a Landmark Beach Front a tsibirin Victoria, Legas . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chuks Nwanne |date=16 March 2019 |title=Array of stars for Gidi Fest 2019 |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/array-of-stars-for-gidi-fest-2019/ |access-date=16 March 2019 |publisher=Guardian Life}}</ref> Bikin ya ƙunshi wasan kwaikwayo daga Patoranking, [[Niniola]], [[Teni (mawaƙiya)|Teni]], Moonchild, Sanelly, DJ Neptune, Wande Coal, [[DJ Cuppy]], Sarz, Zlatan, Blaqbonez, da LAX.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2019 |title=Gidi Culture Festival to host Niniola |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/gidi-culture-festival-host-niniola |access-date=16 March 2019 |publisher=Music in Africa}}</ref> An kiyasta cewa sama da mutane 10,000 ne suka halarci bikin.<ref name="IQ magazine"/> '''<big>2020: Buga na bakwai</big>''' An jinkirta fitowar ta bakwai ta taron shekara-shekara wanda yawanci ake gudanarwa a lokacin bikin Ista <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-03 |title=Gidi Fest 2021 is cancelled |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/gidi-fest-2021-is-cancelled/l1egj8k |access-date=2021-07-31 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> zuwa Oktoba 2020. An soke shi saboda barkewar cutar coronavirus. == Manazarta == agbb5eps7wncinv48d2yxn4bo4t047g 0 87363 549421 541554 2024-12-01T12:03:06Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 549421 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kwalejin sarki kitisti, [[Onitsha]]''' (CKC), wanda aka fi sani da CKC '''Onitsha''', ko Kuma Amaka Boys, makarantar sakandare ce ta [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] a Onitsha, [[Najeriya]]. An sanya shi a matsayin makarantar sakandare mafi girma a Najeriya sannan kuma ta 36 a cikin manyan makarantun sakandare 100 mafi kyawu a Afirka har zuwa Fabrairu 2014. An kafa CKC a ranar 2 na watan Fabrairu, 1933, ta marigayi Archbishop Charles Heerey, CsSp, tare da Fredrick Akpali modebe da uwar dakinsa Margret, wanda (kamar sauran makarantun da suka kafa) ba kawai ya ba da ƙasar ba, har ma ya aiwatar da ginin gwamnati na farko da masauki na farko. Heerey ya kasance mai makarantar har zuwa rasuwarsa a cikin sanyi na 1967. bi5zqyjur532lubbk5c603wxm2i7cqx 0 87416 549974 541692 2024-12-02T04:18:38Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Eric Bahloo''' (an haifeshi a shekara ta alif1964) marubuci ne na ƙasar [[Moris|Mauritian]]. == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Eric Bahloo a tsibirin [[Moris|Mauritius]], ɗan Ignace Bahloo da Ivy Saminadas . Ya yi karatu na tsawon shekaru biyu a kwalejin Eden a Mauritius . A shekara ta alif 1979 lokacin da yake dan shekara 15 ya bar tsibirin ya koma kasar Faransa inda ya yi karatun lissafi da doka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eric Bahloo : Quand les souffrances d'un passé tumultueux donnent vie à un brillant parcours |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/eric-bahloo-quand-les-souffrances-d%E2%80%99un-pass%C3%A9-tumultueux-donnent-vie-%C3%A0-un-brillant-parcours |access-date=2011-04-24 |publisher=L'Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gopee |first=Kheseeka |last2=Gobine |first2=Subash |title=Eric Bahloo: "Le PMSD n'a pas de dignité" |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/346687/eric-bahloo-pmsd-na-pas-dignite |access-date=2019-01-28 |publisher=L'Express}}</ref> == Ayyuka == * ''L'affaire Azor Adélaide: le plus célèbre crime politique à Maurice'' 2011 <ref>{{cite web |title=Publication:Eric Bahloo, l'affaire Azor Adelaïde |url=https://www.lemauricien.com/actualites/magazine/publicationeric-bahloo-laffaire-azor-adela%C3%AFde/133939/ |publisher=Le Mauricien |accessdate=2011-11-20}}</ref> * ''José Moirt: Gagner ne suffit pas'' 2019<ref>{{cite web |title=José Moirt : "Gagner ne suffit pas", l'ouvrage sera publié et présenté à la presse ce lundi |url=http://www.r1.mu/actu/politique/gagner-ne-suffit-pas-louvrage-sera-publie-et-presente-a-la-presse-ce-lundi-p377133 |publisher=Radio One |accessdate=2019-11-03 |archive-date=2019-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104232429/http://www.r1.mu/actu/politique/gagner-ne-suffit-pas-louvrage-sera-publie-et-presente-a-la-presse-ce-lundi-p377133 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Manazarta== [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] 40i83he82dbtn3m6lk8fe4i45s4rwoi 0 87417 549772 541741 2024-12-01T20:42:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549772 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Arthur Lewis Pipel Ya yi aiki da taronf> M ishan na Cocin Episcopal Methodist a cikin tashar mishan mafi nisa kusa da Kapanga a cikin Kwango na Belgian. Piper ya taimaka wa kabilar<ref>Springer, John McKendree. Pioneering in the Congo. 2. Katanga Press, 1916. Print.</ref> Lunda don yakar zazzabin cizon sauro, da ciwon barci, da kuturta, a tsakanin wasu cututtuka da yawa.<ref>"Home from 5 Years in the Congo Jungle." Medical Missionary, Wife and 2 Daughters Arrive...(1925): 16. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times. Web. 15 Oct 2013.</ref> A cikin 1925, ya ƙarfafa amfani da tryparsamide don warkar da ciwon barci. Walter Abraham Jacobs, Michael Heidelberger, Louise Pearce, da Wade Hampton Brown na Rockefeller Foundation ne suka samar da maganin kuma Louise Pearce ne suka gwada shi a cikin Kongo Belgian a cikin 1920. Ya kuma kafa cibiyar kula da kutare ta farko a 1932 da cibiyar kula da cutar tarin fuka ta farko a 1939.<ref>Klingman, Jack D. (1994). "Arthur Lewis Piper, M.D.: A Medical Missionary in the Belgian Congo". Journal of Community Health. 19 (2): 125–146. doi:10.1007/BF02260364. PMID 8006209. S2CID 37502216.</ref> ==Rayuwar farko== An haifi Arthur Lewis Piper a Kusar Knapp, wani ƙaramin ƙauye kusa da iyakar Pennsylvania da New York. Yana daya daga cikin ’ya’ya bakwai, da ’yan uwansa uku suka mutu tun suna kanana. Tun yana ɗan shekara goma sha biyu, ya karanta da kuma nazarin Littafi Mai-Tsarki da kyau don ya sami karɓuwa a cikin Cocin Methodist kuma ya zuwa goma sha biyar, ya shiga babi a Bradford, Pennsylvania.<ref>Klingman, Jack D. (1994). "Arthur Lewis Piper, M.D.: A Medical Missionary in the Belgian Congo". Journal of Community Health. 19 (2): 125–146. doi:10.1007/BF02260364. PMID 8006209. S2CID 37502216.</ref> ==Ilimi== Ya yi karatu a makarantar sakandare ta Eden, inda a lokacin ya ɓullo da burinsa na zama mai wa'azi a ƙasar Sin, kuma ya ba da kulawar jinya baya ga kula da kiwo. Bayan ya kammala karatunsa a 1901, ya halarci Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Buffalo, inda ya kasance matsakaicin ɗalibi. Ya yi rashin lafiya don kula da mahaifinsa mai ciwon sukari kuma bai ci gaba da karatu ba har zuwa 1903. Duk da haka, mahaifinsa ya mutu sakamakon rikice-rikice a cikin 1907, 'yan watanni kafin kammala karatunsa na likitanci.[ A cikin 1912, ya halarci Makarantar Littafi Mai Tsarki ta White's da Asibitin Digiri na gaba, a cikin birnin New York, don shirya don aikinsa na mishan na fasto da kuma samun ilimin likitancin wurare masu zafi. Zai ci gaba da karatunsa zuwa likitancin wurare masu zafi a 1913 a MakarantarKlingman, <ref>Jack D. (1994). "Arthur Lewis Piper, M.D.: A Medical Missionary in the Belgian Congo". Journal of Community Health. 19 (2): 125–146. doi:10.1007/BF02260364. PMID 8006209. S2CID 37502216. Magungunan Tropical na London.</ref> ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Ya sadu da matarsa, Maude E. Garret, ta hanyar gabatar da ’yar’uwarta. Maude ya sauke karatu daga Wesleyan kuma ya tafi Makarantar Horon Deaconess New York. Tsawon shekaru shida, ta zama diaconess na Cocin Methodist na New York. Da farko, tana shirin tafiya tare da wata ƙungiyar mishan zuwa Labrador. Duk da haka, Piper da Maude sun yi aure a ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 1913, daidai kafin su tashi zuwa Kongo.<ref>Klingman, Jack D. (1994). "Arthur Lewis Piper, M.D.: A Medical Missionary in the Belgian Congo". Journal of Community Health. 19 (2): 125–146. doi:10.1007/BF02260364. PMID 8006209. S2CID 37502216.</ref> Piper yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu masu suna Ruth da Margaret. Bature na farko da aka haifa a yankin, an haifi Ruth a shekara ta 1915. An haifi Margaret a shekara ta 1920. Ruth da Margaret duk sun koyi Lunda da sauri. Ko da yake sun yi karatun gida na ɗan lokaci, sun halarci makarantar kwana ta Ingilishi a Akeji, Arewacin Rhodesia. Dukansu 'ya'yan mata sun dawo Amurka don halartar kwaleji kuma sun zama ma'aikatan jinya.<ref>Klingman, Jack D. (1994). "Arthur Lewis Piper, M.D.: A Medical Missionary in the Belgian Congo". Journal of Community Health. 19 (2): 125–146. doi:10.1007/BF02260364. PMID 8006209. S2CID 37502216.</ref> ==Tafiya== A cikin 1911, Ofishin Filin Ofishin Jakadancin Methodist na New York ya sanar da Piper cewa ana buƙatar mishan na likita a Kongo Belgian. Duk da cewa adadin mace-mace na masu mishan na likita a lokacin ya kai kashi 21%, ya karɓi kwangilar shekaru 5 kuma ya rufe aikinsa na likitancin Buffalo don shirya wa aikinsa na mishan a birnin New York.[4] Ya sami albashi mafi ƙanƙanta na shekara-shekara na $400 na shekaru biyar masu zuwa. Da wuri1913, a cikin tsammanin isowar Piper, an gina manufa kusa da Masumba, ƙauyen Mwata Yamvo, Babban Hafsan kabilar Lunda. Kabilar Lunda wani yanki ne na mutanen Bantu. Piper da tawagarsa za su kasance kawai farar fata, baya ga wasu jami'an gwamnati guda biyu da ke kusa, a cikin fili mai fadin murabba'in mil 15,000 (kilomita murabba'in 39,000) tare da 'yan Afirka 45,000.[3] Nisan Mwata-Yamvo ya bayyana ne yayin da yake da nisan mil 1,200 (kilomita 1,900) daga bakin teku, mil 500 (kilomita 800) daga iyakar Rhodesian ta Arewa da kuma mil 100 (kilomita 160) daga kan iyakar Angola.[2] ] Kwana ɗaya bayan aurensa, Piper da matarsa ​​sun yi tafiya zuwa London don samun ƙarin kayan aikin tafiya. A ranar 14 ga Maris, 1914, sun isa Kambove don su zauna da kuma shirya tafiya zuwa Masumba tare da John McKendree Springer, bayan kwanaki 75 na jirgin ruwa da titin jirgin ƙasa tun barin London. Yayin da yake Kambove, Piper zai sami gogewarsa ta farko wajen kula da marasa lafiya masu nisa ta hanyar kafa ƙaramin asibiti.<ref>Klingman, Jack D. (1994). "Arthur Lewis Piper, M.D.: A Medical Missionary in the Belgian Congo". Journal of Community Health. 19 (2): 125–146. doi:10.1007/BF02260364. PMID 8006209. S2CID 37502216.</ref> Da barin ranar 28 ga Afrilu, a ƙarshe Pipers sun isa Masumba a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1914, bayan sun yi tafiya na tsawon kwanaki 55 a kan ƙasa ta jirgin ƙasa da hanya. Sama da mutane 300 ne suka tarbe su da rera waƙoƙin yabo a ƙarƙashin baka na arboreal.<ref>First Meeting. Belgian Congo, Africa: Web. 11 Oct. 2013. <http://images.library.yale.edu/divinitycontent/dayrep/Methodist[permanent{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} dead link] Episcopal Church. Congo Mission 1915 v1.pdf>.</ref> Springer ya bayyana game da bikin farin ciki, "Ban taɓa jin labarin wani misali ba inda ƴan mishan da suka zo a karon farko don zama a wata ƙasa, sun sami maraba na musamman kuma na sarauta."[1] Pipers sun yi farin cikin gano cewa ƙasa da yanayin sun ba da izinin shuka gonaki mai yawa; don haka, sansanin Pipers koyaushe yana da isasshen 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari. Ya kasance “wurin abinci, magani, da ruhi”<ref>Klingman, Jack D. (1994). "Arthur Lewis Piper, M.D.: A Medical Missionary in the Belgian Congo". Journal of Community Health. 19 (2): 125–146. doi:10.1007/BF02260364. PMID 8006209. S2CID 37502216.</ref> ===Ƙungiyoyin addini=== Piper ya bayyana a cikin rahotonsa ga Cocin Episcopal na Methodist, “Mun yi imanin cewa dama a wannan fanni ita ce wacce ba za a iya yin nasara a ko’ina ba, kuma duk kokarin da aka yi, da kowace dala da aka kashe, don aikin a wannan fanni, za ta kasance a kan lokaci. na lokaci mai girma da gaske, ana ɗaukaka sunan Allah, kuma mulkinsa yana yaɗuwa.” [1] A taron farko na Ofishin Jakadancin Kongo na Cocin Methodist Episcopal a ranar 2 ga Janairu, 1915, Piper da matarsa ​​sun kasance biyu daga cikin masu wa’azi na mishan huɗu da ke Hukumar Waje Mishan. Ƙungiyar Taro, wanda ya ƙunshi Dr. Springer, R.S. Guptill, Misis Miller, Misis Springer, Bishop Hartzell, Misis Guptill, da kuma ɗaliban Makarantar Koyar da Littafi Mai Tsarki ta Fox, sun yarda cewa Piper ya zama memba na taron shekara-shekara kuma an nada shi. Springer, tare da amincewar Bishop, ya ba da shawarar Piper, bayan da ya wuce karatunsa, ya kasance a taron Ofishin Jakadancin Afirka ta Yamma don liyafar kan gwaji. Piper kuma an ba da shawarar cewa taron ya zaɓe shi ga umarnin diakoni da na dattawa a ƙarƙashin mulkin mishan. Bugu da ƙari, Piper yana da lasisi a matsayin mai wa'azi na gida, bisa ga shawarar Springer. An ajiye wa'azin Mwata Yamvo tare da Piper. Sun yi hidimar coci ranar Lahadi da karfe 7:30 na safe. Sa'an nan kuma an gudanar da hidimar coci na yau da kullum a aikin da karfe 10:30 na safe, tare da halartar mutane 45-65. Daga baya bayan cin abinci, akwai gajerun sabis na 10-11 a sassa daban-daban a ƙauyen Mwata Yamvo mai nisan mil mil. Kimanin mutane 100 ne suka halarta.[5] Kowace ranar mako, Piper ya buga kararrawa na safe da karfe 6:30 na safe, ya sadu da membobin mishan da karfe 7:00 na safe don hidimar cocin safe, kuma a karshe ya fara aikin yau da kullun na ranar. Abincin rana ya kasance 12:00 na safe kuma 5:30 suka ƙare ranar aiki. A ranar Asabar, suna aiki har zuwa la'asar kawai<ref>First Meeting. Belgian Congo, Africa: Web. 11 Oct. 2013. <http://images.library.yale.edu/divinitycontent/dayrep/Methodist[permanent{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} dead link] Episcopal Church. Congo Mission 1915 v1.pdf>.</ref> ==Aikin likita a Masumba== Domin kula da marasa lafiyarsa a Masumba, Piper ya fara koyon al'ada. Da farko, don yin magana, ya koyi Lunda ta yin amfani da waƙoƙin yabo da aka fassara da kuma Bisharar Markus. Ya kuma saba da tsoffin al'adun likitanci; kabilar Lunda sun bauta wa 'yan ta'adda kuma suna tura su zuwa ga bokaye.[2] Piper ya gina kantin sayar da kayayyaki da ƙaramidakin tiyata. Babban yankin yana da gidaje 350. Har ila yau, tana da ɗakin kwana tara, ɗakin makaranta mai ɗaki huɗu, da coci mai ɗaukar mutane 500. A shekara ta 1939, babbar cibiyar manufa tana da marasa lafiya fiye da 800. A halin da ake ciki, sauran ma'aikatan jinya guda huɗu na karkara sun sami ƙarin marasa lafiya 300-400. Ya kan yi maganin “yaws, cutar barci, cututtukan jijiyoyin jini, kuturta,   ulcer, hernias,  elephantiasis,  ciwace-ciwacen daji, goiter,  karaya, duwatsun fitsari, ciwon hakori, ciwon ciki, yawan yanayin fata da cututtukan tsutsa na hanji.[3] 'Yan ƙasar sun ziyarci asibitin da zarar sun riga sun gwada duk magungunan gida. Marasa lafiya sun zo tare da iyalansu suna dafa musu abinci, suna magana da su, kuma suna ba su kariya. Sakamakon haka, an gina matsugunai na asali don iyalan marasa lafiya. Piper har ma ya yi nasarar yi wa Mwata Yamvo, sarkin kabilar Lunda magani tsawon makonni biyu a kullum.<ref>First Meeting. Belgian Congo, Africa: Web. 11 Oct. 2013. <http://images.library.yale.edu/divinitycontent/dayrep/Methodist[permanent{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} dead link] Episcopal Church. Congo Mission 1915 v1.pdf>.</ref> Abin takaici, saboda yanayin aikin sa mai yaduwa, mai haɗari, Piper da danginsa sun kamu da cutar zazzabin cizon sauro. Sai dai duk sun daure kuma sun shawo kan rashin lafiya[2]. A lokacin hutunsa, Piper ya dawo da kayayyaki masu amfani, ciki har da kayan daki, kayan gini, har ma da mota da babbar mota.[3] ==Gado== Piper ya aiwatar da mahimman matakan tsafta. Misali, ya kare rijiyar daga gurbatar dabbobi da mutane. Aikin tsaftace majinyata da gidajen marasa lafiya shi ma ya bazu zuwa kauyukan da ke kusa. Piper kuma ya horar da mataimakan likitoci sama da 60. Bugu da kari, ya horar da mata su zama ungozoma. Sakamakon haka, mace-macen jarirai ya ragu matuka. A haƙiƙa, ingantaccen kulawar jarirai na ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da suka sa ƴan ƙasar suka amince da bututun[3]. Haka kuma, cutar barci, trypanosomiasis, ta kasance babbar barazana ga al'ummar ƙasar. Cutar ta zama ruwan dare a yankunan fadama saboda mai dauke da ita, kuda na tsetse. Piper yana daya daga cikin na farko da ya gabatar da maganin tryparasmide na Gidauniyar Rockefeller, bayan ya sami horo a lokacin sabbatical dinsa na 1925. Sannan ya ci gaba da horar da mataimakansa kan matakan kariya, kamar nisantar dausayi.[3] A lokacin hutunsa, ya ce, "magunguna uku sun wanzu kuma suna ba da tabbataccen bege ga nan gaba. Su ne shirye-shiryen Jamusanci da aka fi sani da Bayer 20S, shirye-shiryen Cibiyar Rockefeller. ==Manazarta== mqpysjbdpoygwlvg3cyf19r0op6ogn3 0 87655 549663 542613 2024-12-01T19:05:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549663 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Algiers International Comics Festival''' (Festival International de la Bande Dessinée d'Alger, FIBDA) <ref name="wwb">{{Cite web |last=Canan Marasligil |date=17 October 2011 |title=A Dispatch from FIDBA, the International Comics Festival of Algeria |url=http://wordswithoutborders.org/dispatches/article/a-dispatch-from-fidba-the-international-comics-festival-of-algeria |access-date=17 January 2014 |website=Words without Borders}}</ref> bikin jigo ne da ake shirya shi a [[Aljir|Algiers]], [[Aljeriya|Algeria]], wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin shekara ta 2008. == Tarihi da bayanin martaba == An kafa FIBDA a Algiers, Algeria, a cikin shekarar 2008. Yana faruwa a watan Oktoba a kowace shekara a ƙarƙashin ma'aikatar Al'adu. <ref name="bc">{{Cite web |title=International Festival of Comics of Algeria (FIBDA) |url=http://literature.britishcouncil.org/international-festival-of-comics-of-algeria-fibda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301214158/http://literature.britishcouncil.org/international-festival-of-comics-of-algeria-fibda |archive-date=1 March 2014 |access-date=17 January 2014 |website=British Council}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa Hervé Barulea ya zama shugaban FIBDA. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mark McKinney |date=1 July 2011 |title=Interview with Baru: Part 1 |url=https://doi.org/10.3828/eca.2011.16 |journal=European Comic Art |volume=4 |issue=2 |doi=10.3828/eca.2011.16}}</ref> Babban abin da FIBDA ke mayar da hankali shine masana'antar littattafan ban dariya. <ref name="bc"/> Yana da jigogi na shekara-shekara - alal misali, shine "Algiers, Balloon Bay" a cikin shekarar 2009 da "Algiers, Bubbles Without Borders" a cikin shekara ta 2011. <ref name="wwb"/> Masu fasaha daga ƙasashe daban-daban ban da masu fasaha na gida suna shiga cikin abubuwan da aka shirya a ƙarƙashin FIBDA. <ref name="wwb" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=International Festival of the Comic |url=http://www.algeria.com/blog/international-festival-of-the-comic |access-date=17 January 2014 |website=Algeria.com}}</ref> Saboda haka, shi ne babban taron da ke cikin rukuninsa a yankin [[Afirka]] da Larabawa tare da yawan baƙi na duniya da ayyukansa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 October 2012 |title=ASIFA Egypt delegation to "FIBDA" Algeria's Comics Festival |url=http://egypt.asifa.net/ |access-date=17 January 2014 |website=ASIFA |archive-date=9 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009201545/http://egypt.asifa.net/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin bikin ana ba da kyaututtukan hukumomi da wallafe-wallafe da yawa waɗanda ke mai da hankali kan wasan kwaikwayo daga Afirka. <ref name="wwb" /> Ɗaya daga cikin wallafe-wallafen da aka bayar ita ce mujallar Misira ''Tok Tok''. <ref name="ahr" /> == Manazarta == 6v2adqknu1hcrj0y7fx2iycmk93nsmc 0 87708 550123 543571 2024-12-02T08:16:24Z Muxammeel-Emdee 32298 550123 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Garkuwa da mutane shi ne sacewa da tsare mutum ba bisa ka'ida ba ba tare da son ransu ba. Yawanci ana yin garkuwa da mutane amma ba lallai ba ne a yi amfani da karfi ko tsoro, amma har yanzu ana yin garkuwa da mutum ne idan da yaudara aka kama mutum a tsare. Dole ne a sami motsi, duk da haka, ba kawai ɗaurin ƙarya ba. Satar yaro ana kiransa satar yara, wanda wani bangare ne na doka. Ana iya yin satar mutane don neman fansa<ref>" </ref> a musanya don sakin wanda aka azabtar, ko don wasu dalilai na doka. Satar mutane na iya kasancewa tare da rauni a jiki, wanda ke ɗaga laifin zuwa ga satar mutane.<ref>"Definition of kidnapping". 2017. ''Sources:'' Cornell University Law School.Cambridge English Dictionary. English Oxford Living Dictionaries. Merriam-Webster Dictionary.</ref> == Dalilai == Satar mutane na iya faruwa saboda dalilai daban-daban, tare da dalilan aikata laifin sun bambanta musamman dangane da wanda ya aikata. '''FANSA''' Satar mutum, galibi babba, don neman kudin fansa abu ne da ya zama sanadin satar mutane.Ana amfani da wannan hanyar da farko ta manyan kungiyoyi, kamar kungiyoyin masu laifi, kungiyoyin ta'addanci, ko kungiyoyin masu tayar da kayar baya.<ref>Welsh, Blair (2024). "Taking Civilians: Terrorist Kidnapping in Civil War". ''International Studies Quarterly''. '''68''' (2). doi:10.1093/isq/sqae074. ISSN 0020-8833.</ref><ref>Gilbert, Danielle (November 2022). "The Logic of Kidnapping in Civil War: Evidence from Colombia". ''American Political Science Review''. '''116''' (4): 1226–1241. doi:10.1017/S0003055422000041. ISSN 0003-0554.</ref> ana yin hakan ne don ƙarfafa kuɗi, tare da adadin kuɗin da ya bambanta dangane da wanda aka azabtar ko kuma hanyar yin garkuwa da su. An kiyasta cewa kungiyoyin na Mexico sun yi garkuwa da dala miliyan 250 daga bakin haure na Amurka ta tsakiya.<ref>Stargardter, Gabriel; Gardner, Simon. "Mexican Gangs Could Be Making Up To $250 Million A Year By Abusing And Extorting Migrants". ''Business Insider''. Retrieved 21 March 2024.</ref> A cewar wani bincike na shekara ta 2022 da masanin kimiyyar siyasa Danielle Gilbert ya yi, kungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai a Kolombiya suna yin garkuwa da mutane a matsayin hanyar kula da tsarin biyan haraji na kungiyoyin masu dauke da makamai. Ƙungiyoyin suna ɗaukar fansa na garkuwa da mutane don ladabtar da masu gujewa biyan haraji da kuma zaburar da mazauna wurin kada su yi shirka<ref>Gilbert, Danielle (November 2022). "The Logic of Kidnapping in Civil War: Evidence from Colombia". ''American Political Science Review''. '''116''' (4): 1226–1241. doi:10.1017/S0003055422000041. ISSN 0003-0554.</ref>. Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekara ta 2024 ya yi nuni da cewa kungiyoyin masu tayar da kayar baya sun fi yin garkuwa da mutane “a karkashin sharudda biyu: don samar da tallafi da dawo da karfin ciniki lokacin da kungiyoyi ke fama da asarar soji a fagen fama da kuma tilasta yin biyayya da nuna karfi lokacin da kungiyoyi ke fuskantar gasa ta tashin hankali daga sauran wadanda ba masu aikin gwamnati.”<ref>Welsh, Blair (2024). "Taking Civilians: Terrorist Kidnapping in Civil War". ''International Studies Quarterly''. '''68''' (2). doi:10.1093/isq/sqae074. ISSN 0020-8833.</ref> An gano satar mutane a matsayin wata hanyar da aka san ƙungiyoyin ta'addanci suna samun kuɗi.<ref>Perri, Frank S.; Lichtenwald, Terrance G.; MacKenzie, Paula M. (2009). "Evil Twins: The Crime-Terror Nexus" (PDF). ''Forensic Examiner''. pp. 16–29.</ref> gaggawa hanya ce ta sace-sacen da ake amfani da ita a wasu ƙasashe, musamman daga Latin Amurka,<ref>Garcia Jr; Juan A. "Express kidnappings". Thepanamanews.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2007. Retrieved 7 December 2006.</ref> inda ake buƙatar ƙaramin kuɗin fansa, wanda kamfani ko dangi za su iya biya cikin sauƙi. Haka kuma ana amfani da sace-sacen jama’a na gaggawa don neman kudin fansa nan take inda ake kai wanda aka kashen zuwa na’urar ATM sannan a tilasta wa wanda ya sace kudin. Satar Tiger na faruwa ne a lokacin da aka sace mutum, kuma wanda ya kama shi ya tilasta musu aikata laifi kamar fashi ko kisa. Ana yin garkuwa da wanda aka yi garkuwa da shi har sai an biya bukatar mai garkuwar. Kalmar ta samo asali ne daga al'adar lura da ta gabata, kamar yadda damisa ke yi a lokacin da yake neman ganima. Wannan wata hanya ce wacce Rundunar Sojojin Republican ta Real Irish da Ci gaba da Sojojin Irish Republican suka yi amfani da. Satar mutane ta zahiri wani nau'i ne na satar mutane da ya taso a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Sabanin nau'ikan sace-sacen da aka yi a baya, sace-sacen mutane na zahiri ba ya haɗa da wanda aka azabtar da kowane iri. Wannan zamba ta ƙunshi tsarin kiran mutane da yawa ta wayar tarho tare da sanya su yarda cewa mai kiran yana da ƙaunataccen wanda aka azabtar, kamar yaro, don samun saurin fansa daga wanda aka azabtar. A baya waɗannan kiran da aka yi amfani da su don shafar al'ummomin Mutanen Espanya a manyan biranen, kamar Los Angeles ko Houston. Har zuwa kusan shekara ta 2015 lokacin da aka fara aika kiran zuwa masu magana da Ingilishi kuma. An gano kusan mutane 80 da abin ya shafa sun fado saboda wannan zamba, tare da asarar kusan dala 100,000. Yayin da yawancin masu aikata wannan zamba za a iya danganta su zuwa Mexico, wani misali ya faru a Houston, Texas. An samu Yanette Rodriguez Acosta da laifin karbar wadanda abin ya shafa a kan makudan kudade, wadanda za ta karba a wani wuri mai nisa.<ref>"Virtual Kidnapping: A New Twist on a Frightening Scam". ''fbi.gov''. 16 October 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2024.</ref> An yanke mata hukuncin daurin shekaru bakwai a gidan yari, tare da karin shekaru uku na kulawa bayan an sake ta.<ref>"Southern District of Texas | Texas Woman Sentenced in Virtual Kidnapping Extortion Scheme | United States Department of Justice". ''www.justice.gov''. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 13 October2024.</ref> A da, da kuma a halin yanzu a wasu sassan duniya (kamar kudancin Sudan), yin garkuwa da mutane wata hanya ce da ake amfani da ita wajen samun bayi da kudi ta hanyar kudin fansa. A cikin karni na 19, yin garkuwa da mutane ta hanyar shanghaiing (ko "matsa lamba") maza sun ba da jiragen ruwa na 'yan kasuwa tare da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa, waɗanda shari'a ta ɗauka cewa aikin da ba shi da 'yanci.<ref>"Shanghaiing - FoundSF". ''www.foundsf.org''. Retrieved 21 March 2024.</ref> '''YAN FASHIN TEKU''' Ana ci gaba da samun karuwar garkuwa da mutane a kan manyan tekuna dangane da satar fasaha. An ba da rahoton cewa an yi garkuwa da ma'aikatan jirgin 661 tare da yin garkuwa da 12 a cikin watanni tara na farkon shekara ta 2009.<ref>"Unprecedented increase in Somali pirate activity". Commercial Crime Services. 21 October 2009. Archived from the original on 16 December 2010. Retrieved 9 January 2011.</ref> Cibiyar ba da rahoto kan fashin teku ta IMB ta ce an yi garkuwa da ma’aikatan jirgin 141 sannan an yi garkuwa da 83 a shekarar 2018.<ref>"IMB piracy report 2018: attacks multiply in the Gulf of Guinea". Commercial Crime Services. 16 January 2019.</ref> == Manazarta == 9fwbsecblxsoerz9oj1go8ii01y10d8 550125 550123 2024-12-02T08:18:15Z Muxammeel-Emdee 32298 550125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Garkuwa da mutane shi ne sacewa da tsare mutum ba bisa ka'ida ba ba tare da son ransu ba. Yawanci ana yin garkuwa da mutane amma ba lallai ba ne a yi amfani da karfi ko tsoro, amma har yanzu ana yin garkuwa da mutum ne idan da yaudara aka kama mutum a tsare. Dole ne a sami motsi, duk da haka, ba kawai ɗaurin ƙarya ba. Satar yaro ana kiransa satar yara, wanda wani bangare ne na doka. Ana iya yin satar mutane don neman fansa a musanya don sakin wanda aka azabtar, ko don wasu dalilai na doka. Satar mutane na iya kasancewa tare da rauni a jiki, wanda ke ɗaga laifin zuwa ga satar mutane.<ref>"Definition of kidnapping". 2017. ''Sources:'' Cornell University Law School.Cambridge English Dictionary. English Oxford Living Dictionaries. Merriam-Webster Dictionary.</ref> == Dalilai == Satar mutane na iya faruwa saboda dalilai daban-daban, tare da dalilan aikata laifin sun bambanta musamman dangane da wanda ya aikata. '''FANSA''' Satar mutum, galibi babba, don neman kudin fansa abu ne da ya zama sanadin satar mutane.Ana amfani da wannan hanyar da farko ta manyan kungiyoyi, kamar kungiyoyin masu laifi, kungiyoyin ta'addanci, ko kungiyoyin masu tayar da kayar baya.<ref>Welsh, Blair (2024). "Taking Civilians: Terrorist Kidnapping in Civil War". ''International Studies Quarterly''. '''68''' (2). doi:10.1093/isq/sqae074. ISSN 0020-8833.</ref><ref>Gilbert, Danielle (November 2022). "The Logic of Kidnapping in Civil War: Evidence from Colombia". ''American Political Science Review''. '''116''' (4): 1226–1241. doi:10.1017/S0003055422000041. ISSN 0003-0554.</ref> ana yin hakan ne don ƙarfafa kuɗi, tare da adadin kuɗin da ya bambanta dangane da wanda aka azabtar ko kuma hanyar yin garkuwa da su. An kiyasta cewa kungiyoyin na Mexico sun yi garkuwa da dala miliyan 250 daga bakin haure na Amurka ta tsakiya.<ref>Stargardter, Gabriel; Gardner, Simon. "Mexican Gangs Could Be Making Up To $250 Million A Year By Abusing And Extorting Migrants". ''Business Insider''. Retrieved 21 March 2024.</ref> A cewar wani bincike na shekara ta 2022 da masanin kimiyyar siyasa Danielle Gilbert ya yi, kungiyoyi masu dauke da makamai a Kolombiya suna yin garkuwa da mutane a matsayin hanyar kula da tsarin biyan haraji na kungiyoyin masu dauke da makamai. Ƙungiyoyin suna ɗaukar fansa na garkuwa da mutane don ladabtar da masu gujewa biyan haraji da kuma zaburar da mazauna wurin kada su yi shirka<ref>Gilbert, Danielle (November 2022). "The Logic of Kidnapping in Civil War: Evidence from Colombia". ''American Political Science Review''. '''116''' (4): 1226–1241. doi:10.1017/S0003055422000041. ISSN 0003-0554.</ref>. Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekara ta 2024 ya yi nuni da cewa kungiyoyin masu tayar da kayar baya sun fi yin garkuwa da mutane “a karkashin sharudda biyu: don samar da tallafi da dawo da karfin ciniki lokacin da kungiyoyi ke fama da asarar soji a fagen fama da kuma tilasta yin biyayya da nuna karfi lokacin da kungiyoyi ke fuskantar gasa ta tashin hankali daga sauran wadanda ba masu aikin gwamnati.”<ref>Welsh, Blair (2024). "Taking Civilians: Terrorist Kidnapping in Civil War". ''International Studies Quarterly''. '''68''' (2). doi:10.1093/isq/sqae074. ISSN 0020-8833.</ref> An gano satar mutane a matsayin wata hanyar da aka san ƙungiyoyin ta'addanci suna samun kuɗi.<ref>Perri, Frank S.; Lichtenwald, Terrance G.; MacKenzie, Paula M. (2009). "Evil Twins: The Crime-Terror Nexus" (PDF). ''Forensic Examiner''. pp. 16–29.</ref> gaggawa hanya ce ta sace-sacen da ake amfani da ita a wasu ƙasashe, musamman daga Latin Amurka,<ref>Garcia Jr; Juan A. "Express kidnappings". Thepanamanews.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2007. Retrieved 7 December 2006.</ref> inda ake buƙatar ƙaramin kuɗin fansa, wanda kamfani ko dangi za su iya biya cikin sauƙi. Haka kuma ana amfani da sace-sacen jama’a na gaggawa don neman kudin fansa nan take inda ake kai wanda aka kashen zuwa na’urar ATM sannan a tilasta wa wanda ya sace kudin. Satar Tiger na faruwa ne a lokacin da aka sace mutum, kuma wanda ya kama shi ya tilasta musu aikata laifi kamar fashi ko kisa. Ana yin garkuwa da wanda aka yi garkuwa da shi har sai an biya bukatar mai garkuwar. Kalmar ta samo asali ne daga al'adar lura da ta gabata, kamar yadda damisa ke yi a lokacin da yake neman ganima. Wannan wata hanya ce wacce Rundunar Sojojin Republican ta Real Irish da Ci gaba da Sojojin Irish Republican suka yi amfani da. Satar mutane ta zahiri wani nau'i ne na satar mutane da ya taso a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Sabanin nau'ikan sace-sacen da aka yi a baya, sace-sacen mutane na zahiri ba ya haɗa da wanda aka azabtar da kowane iri. Wannan zamba ta ƙunshi tsarin kiran mutane da yawa ta wayar tarho tare da sanya su yarda cewa mai kiran yana da ƙaunataccen wanda aka azabtar, kamar yaro, don samun saurin fansa daga wanda aka azabtar. A baya waɗannan kiran da aka yi amfani da su don shafar al'ummomin Mutanen Espanya a manyan biranen, kamar Los Angeles ko Houston. Har zuwa kusan shekara ta 2015 lokacin da aka fara aika kiran zuwa masu magana da Ingilishi kuma. An gano kusan mutane 80 da abin ya shafa sun fado saboda wannan zamba, tare da asarar kusan dala 100,000. Yayin da yawancin masu aikata wannan zamba za a iya danganta su zuwa Mexico, wani misali ya faru a Houston, Texas. An samu Yanette Rodriguez Acosta da laifin karbar wadanda abin ya shafa a kan makudan kudade, wadanda za ta karba a wani wuri mai nisa.<ref>"Virtual Kidnapping: A New Twist on a Frightening Scam". ''fbi.gov''. 16 October 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2024.</ref> An yanke mata hukuncin daurin shekaru bakwai a gidan yari, tare da karin shekaru uku na kulawa bayan an sake ta.<ref>"Southern District of Texas | Texas Woman Sentenced in Virtual Kidnapping Extortion Scheme | United States Department of Justice". ''www.justice.gov''. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 13 October2024.</ref> A da, da kuma a halin yanzu a wasu sassan duniya (kamar kudancin Sudan), yin garkuwa da mutane wata hanya ce da ake amfani da ita wajen samun bayi da kudi ta hanyar kudin fansa. A cikin karni na 19, yin garkuwa da mutane ta hanyar shanghaiing (ko "matsa lamba") maza sun ba da jiragen ruwa na 'yan kasuwa tare da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa, waɗanda shari'a ta ɗauka cewa aikin da ba shi da 'yanci.<ref>"Shanghaiing - FoundSF". ''www.foundsf.org''. Retrieved 21 March 2024.</ref> '''YAN FASHIN TEKU''' Ana ci gaba da samun karuwar garkuwa da mutane a kan manyan tekuna dangane da satar fasaha. An ba da rahoton cewa an yi garkuwa da ma'aikatan jirgin 661 tare da yin garkuwa da 12 a cikin watanni tara na farkon shekara ta 2009.<ref>"Unprecedented increase in Somali pirate activity". Commercial Crime Services. 21 October 2009. Archived from the original on 16 December 2010. Retrieved 9 January 2011.</ref> Cibiyar ba da rahoto kan fashin teku ta IMB ta ce an yi garkuwa da ma’aikatan jirgin 141 sannan an yi garkuwa da 83 a shekarar 2018.<ref>"IMB piracy report 2018: attacks multiply in the Gulf of Guinea". Commercial Crime Services. 16 January 2019.</ref> == Manazarta == 4xorrt9l41uixxoptde965nibb3oaqq 0 87769 549879 543404 2024-12-01T22:53:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549879 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Camp_Iguana_Recreation_Yard_-a.jpg|thumb|Yankin shakatawa, sansanin Iguana]] [[Fayil:Camp_Iguana_showers.jpg|thumb|Camp Iguana ruwan sama da bayan gida]] '''Camp Iguana''' wani karamin fili ne a cikin sansanin gidajan yari tsare-tsare a da yake ansanin Sojan Ruwa na kasar Amurka a Guantánamo Bay, Cuba . sansanin Iguana da farko yana da yara uku da aka tsare, wadanda masu magana da yawun sansanin suka yi iƙirarin cewa su ne kawai fursunoni a ƙarƙashin shekaru 16 (shekarun da DOD ta bayyana kananan yara). An rufe shi a cikin hunturu na shekara ta 2004 lokacin da aka mayar da su uku zuwa kasashensu. Lokacin da aka tilasta wa Ma'aikatar Tsaro a shekara ta 2005 ta hanyar umarnin kotu Kotun Gundumar Amurka Jed Rakoff don sakin asalin duk wadanda aka tsare, DOD ta yarda cewa ta tsare yara ashirin (a karkashin shekaru 18, zuwan kasa da kasa) a cikin ɓangaren manya na kurkuku. A shekara ta 2005 an sake buɗe sansanin Iguana don riƙe wasu daga cikin fursunoni 38 da aka rarraba a cikin Kotun Binciken Yanayin Yaki a matsayin "ba ma'aikatan abokan gaba ba". Waɗannan sun haɗa da Uighurs da yawa, waɗanda ba za su iya komawa China ba saboda babban haɗarin tsanantawa a can. Sun kasance masu jinkiri a sake zama yayin da kokarin diflomasiyya ya yi ƙoƙarin sanya su a wasu ƙasashe ban da ƙasarsu ta asali ko Amurka. == An yi amfani da shi ga matasa da aka tsare == [[Fayil:Camp_Iguana_dormitory.jpg|thumb|Gidan kwana, sansanin Iguana]] [[Fayil:Camp_Iguana_living_area.jpg|thumb|Yankin zama, sansanin Iguana]] Da farko a shekara ta 2002, Amurka ta yi amfani da sansanin Iguana don fursunoni na yara. Elaine Chao, a lokacin Sakataren Ayyuka na Amurka ya yi magana game da alhakin ba da [[Yara a cikin soja|yara sojoji]] magani na musamman, don samar musu da taimako don sake shiga cikin al'umma. Idan Amurkawa sun yi amfani da Yarjejeniyar Geneva a fagen fama, da sojojinsa za su sake nazarin fursunoni a Afghanistan da sauran wuraren kamawa. Yarjejeniyar Geneva ta ba da damar mutanen da aka kama a lokacin [[yaƙi]] zuwa "farin kotun budewa" don ƙaddamar da matsayinsu - ko ya kamata a dauke su fararen hula, POWs, ko mayakan abokan gaba. Masu sukar sun ce sake dubawa mai zurfi a farkon zai nuna cewa ba za a taɓa jigilar yara daga [[Afghanistan]] ba. Ofishin zartarwa na Gwamnatin Amurka ya yi iƙirarin a lokacin cewa mayakan abokan gaba sun wuce ikon kotunan Amurka. [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Koli ta Amurka]] ta yi watsi da kokarin zartarwa na kiyaye mayakan abokan gaba a waje da tsarin shari'a na Amurka; a cikin yanke shawara a shekara ta 2004, ta yanke hukuncin cewa duka fursunonin Amurka da na kasashen waje suna da damar kalubalantar tsare-tsaren su a gaban kotun da ba ta nuna bambanci. Ofishin zartarwa ya kafa Kotun Binciken Yanayin Yaki a cikin 2004 don kimanta ko wadanda aka tsare su ne mayakan abokan gaba. A cikin wata hira da BBC a shekara ta 2004, [[Mohammed Nimr al-Sammak|Naqibullah]], wani matashi dan Afghanistan, ya bayyana cewa ana bi da shi da mutunci, kuma yana samun ilimi, yayin da yake Camp Iguana . Wani sakon 2 ga Fabrairu 2004 ya taƙaita wani taro tsakanin Janar Geoffrey Miller, kwamandan sansanin tsare-tsare na Guantanamo Bay, da ma'aikatansa da Vincent Cassard na [[Kungiyar Agaji Ta Red Cross Ta Duniya|ICRC]]. Geoffrey Miller ya ce:<blockquote>Har ila yau, CDR Timby yana cikin aiwatar da kammala rahoton daga isowa da tashiwar yara, sun nuna ci gaba mai ban mamaki. 2 daga cikin 3 sun zo nan tare da matsalolin tunani kuma sun bar nan ba tare da wani ba. Suna fatan sake fara rayuwa. Sun yi farin ciki sosai don komawa gida kuma suna cikin farin ciki."</blockquote>A cikin bazara na shekara ta 2005, kafofin watsa labarai sun ba da rahoton cewa an tsare wasu fursunoni a Guantanamo waɗanda aka fara tsare su a ƙasa da shekaru 18 (ma'anar ƙasa da ƙasa na ƙarami). Wani labarin ''[[New York Times]]'' da aka buga a ranar 13 ga Yuni 2005, ya ce akwai akalla wasu matasa shida, waɗanda aka tsare su a cikin yawan jama'a kuma aka bi da su a matsayin manya.Jami'an soja sun bayyana wannan kamar yadda suke cewa dole ne su kiyasta shekarun fursunoni."Ba su zo da takardar shaidar haihuwa ba, "in ji Col. Brad K. Blackner, babban jami'in harkokin jama'a a sansanin tsare-tsare. Col. David McWilliams, babban mai magana da yawun Amurka ta Kudu a Miami, wanda ke gudanar da aikin kurkuku, ya ce hukumomi sun amince da kimantawarsu. "Mun yi amfani da scans na ƙashi a wasu lokuta kuma an ƙayyade shekaru ta hanyar shaidar likita kamar yadda za mu iya, "in ji shi."Manyan jami'an soja sun bayyana wannan kamar yadda suke cewa dole ne su kiyasta shekarun fursunoni. Omar Khadr yana da shekaru 15 lokacin da aka kama shi. An ruwaito jami'an leken asiri na Amurka sun san shekarunsa da kuma asalinsa saboda shahararren mahaifinsa, Ahmed Khadr da kuma saboda babban ɗan'uwansa Abdurahman ya ba da hadin kai ga CIA a matsayin wakilin ɓoye a Guantanamo. Wani labarin ''Washington Post'' daga 29 ga Oktoba 2002 ya ruwaito:<blockquote>Ɗaya daga cikin fursunoni masu magana musamman shine Omar Khadr, wanda yake da shekaru goma sha shida yana ɗaya daga cikin fursuna mafi ƙanƙanta a hannun Amurka. Jami'an Amurka sun yi zargin cewa a ranar 27 ga Yuli ya kashe likitan Sojojin Musamman na Amurka, Sgt. Christopher Speer, a lokacin yakin gida-gida na sa'o'i hudu a ƙauyen Ayub Kheyl . An kama matashin da ya ji rauni, an kai shi Bagram, an kula da shi saboda raunukansa kuma an yi masa tambayoyi.</blockquote>Abdul Salam Mureef Ghaithan Al Shehri, ɗan ƙasar [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudiyya]] wanda yake da shekaru goma sha biyar lokacin da aka kama shi, ya yi bikin ranar haihuwarsa ta goma sha takwas a Guantanamo Bay, a ƙarshen Afrilu 2005. A cikin wata hira da aka watsa a BBC a ranar 9 ga Satumba 2005, Clive Stafford Smith ya ba da rahoton cewa ci gaba da tsare yara tsakanin 16 zuwa 18 a Guantanamo Bay ya haifar da zanga-zangar yajin aikin yunwa, wanda ya faru a lokacin rani na 2005. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yanke shawarar cewa tilasta ciyar da masu yajin aiki ya zama azabtarwa. A lokacin, Smith ya ce kusan matasa ashirin sun kasance a kurkuku a Guantanamo, wasu daga cikinsu ana tsare su a cikin dogon lokaci, tsare-tsare. Daraktan shari'a na Reprieve kuma sanannen lauyan kare hakkin dan adam na Burtaniya, yana wakiltar fursunoni 37 na Guantanamo. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2009 ma'aikatan kare hakkin dan adam na Afghanistan sun kalubalanci ƙididdigar binciken ƙashi na Amurka game da shekarun Mohammed Jawad, tsohon fursuna. Sun tabbatar da cewa yana da ƙuruciya 12 ko 13 lokacin da aka kama shi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002. == Tsoffin fursunoni suna jiran sake zama == A ranar 25 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2005, kamfanin dillancin labarai na Associated Press ya ba da rahoton cewa ana sake buɗe sansanin Iguana don riƙe fursunoni waɗanda CSRTs suka kammala cewa ba su da "maƙiyan abokan gaba". Sauran wadanda aka bayyana a matsayin mayakan abokan gaba, ciki har da Sami Al Laithi, sun ci gaba da tsare su a sansanin Delta. A ranar 5 ga Mayu 2006 an kai Uighurs biyar, wadanda aka tsare a Camp Iguana, zuwa cibiyar 'yan gudun hijira a [[Albaniya|Albania]] kafin a sake duba takardun ''habeas corpus.'' An shirya wannan ne don Litinin bayan karshen mako. Wadannan biyar sun kasance daga cikin jimlar Uighurs 15 waɗanda aka ruwaito cewa ba su da niyyar kasancewa "maƙiyan abokan gaba". An tsare su a Guantanamo yayin da Amurka ke ƙoƙarin sanya su; suna tsoron komawa China saboda tsanantawa. A cikin wata hira ta tarho, Abu Baker Qassim, daya daga cikin Uighurs da aka aika zuwa Albania, ya ce Camp Iguana ya tsare mutane tara marasa laifi kafin tashi. Sauran maza huɗu marasa laifi sun kasance Rasha, [[Aljeriya]], [[Libya]], da kuma mutumin da aka haifa a [[Saudi Arebiya|Saudi Arabia]] ga 'yan gudun hijirar Uighur. A ranar 30 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 2008, Mataimakin Babban Lauyan Gregory Katsas ya gabatar da "sanarwa na matsayi" a kan sauran fursunonin Uyghur goma sha bakwai. Ya ce ba za a bi da su a matsayin mayakan abokan gaba ba. Lauyoyin su sun nuna cewa yawancin abokan cinikin su sun kasance a cikin kurkuku, wanda ake la'akari da hukunci mai tsanani. DOD ta ce za a tura dukkan Uyghurs zuwa sansanin Iguana don mafi kyawun yanayi.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=January 2012}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2012)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Dubi kuma ==   * [[Mohammed Nimr al-Sammak|Asadullah Abdul Rahman]] * Muhammad Ismail Agha * [[Mohammed Nimr al-Sammak|Jerin fursunoni na Guantanamo Bay]] == manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050509005128/http://news.amnesty.org/index/ENGAMR512011032003 "Amurka: Yara daga cikin wadanda aka gudanar a Guantánamo Bay"], sanarwar manema labarai ta [[Amnesty International]], 20 Nuwamba 2003 * [http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2004/02/13/MNGNH509FC1.DTL "Yaro, mai shekaru 12, ya ba da labarin kwanaki a matsayin fursuna mai ta'addanci: Matashi mafi ƙanƙanta da aka tsare watanni 17, shekara guda a Guantanamo"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418200011/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2004/02/13/MNGNH509FC1.DTL |date=2012-04-18 }}, ''San Francisco Chronicle,'' 12 Fabrairu 2005 * [https://www.theguardian.com/guantanamo/story/0,13743,1163435,00.html "Cuba? Yana da kyau, in ji yara maza da aka 'yantar daga sansanin kurkuku na Amurka"], ''[[The Guardian]]'', 6 Yuni 2004 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051030074741/http://www.cageprisoners.com/articles.php?id=7880 "Yaran Guantanamo Bay"], 6 ga Yuni 2005 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051128174816/http://melbourne.indymedia.org/news/2005/08/94832.php Clive Stafford Smith, "Yaran Guantanamo Bay"], ''Melbourne Indymedia'' 19 ga Agusta 2005 * [http://www.zone-interdite.net/P/base.php?laenge=-4512&breite=1194&pos=download Kasuwanci na 3D na Kamfanin Delta tare da Kamfanin Iguana (daga aikin Art Zone * haramtacce)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060602091855/http://news.independent.co.uk/world/americas/article620704.ece "Yaran Guantanamo Bay"], The Independent, 28 ga Mayu 2006 [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6b76myrpip0ziqw5zo9wdyz9qee7xtq 0 87849 549865 543902 2024-12-01T22:17:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bikin Taurarin Taurari''' wani biki ne na kasa da kasa na kwanaki uku na shekara da ake gudanarwa a gabar [[Tabkin Malawi|tafkin Malawi]], tafki na uku mafi girma a [[Afirka]] . Bikin na farko ya gudana ne a shekara ta 2004 kuma ya ja hankalin masu halarta sama da 4,000 tare da wasannin kade-kade da aka zana musamman daga Afirka da Turai. == Tarihi == Wani dan yawon bude ido dan kasar Burtaniya Will Jameson ne ya kafa bikin. Jameson ya ziyarci Malawi a 1998. Ya kasance dalibi a Jami'ar John Moores kuma ya dauki hutun shekara guda don yin aiki tare da The Wildlife Society . Wannan aikin ya tura shi Malawi. Bayan ya koma koleji, Jameson ya fara kulob na dare a matsayin girmamawa ga tafiya, wanda ake kira Chibuku Shake Shake, sunan alamar giya na Malawian. An nada daren kulob mafi kyawun dare a cikin [[Birtaniya|United Kingdom]] 2004 ta ''Mixmag'' . A wannan shekarar, Jameson ya yi bikin farko. Kimanin mutane 700 ne suka halarta, yawancinsu daga Afirka. Tafkin Taurari na 2011 ya ja hankalin mahalarta sama da 3,000 daga Turai da Afirka. An bude bikin ne tare da ma'aikatar yawon bude ido ta Malawi ta tsallake rijiya da baya a bakin tekun bikin. == Media da yabo == An yi la'akari da bikin tafkin Taurari a matsayin daya daga cikin muhimman bukukuwa a nahiyar Afirka. A cikin 2014, an ba shi suna ɗaya daga cikin manyan bukukuwan kiɗa na Afirka bakwai don halarta ta [[CNN]] . <ref name="Bgoya">{{Cite web |last=Bgoya |first=Lorraine |last2=Kapambwe |first2=Mazuba |date=21 February 2014 |title=7 African music festivals you really have to see |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/21/travel/africa-best-music-festivals/ |access-date=21 March 2015 |website=CNN}}</ref> ''Time Out'' mai suna Lake of Stars a matsayin yana da mafi kyawun wurin bikin a duniya, a cikin 2015. <ref name="Ensall">{{Cite web |last=Ensall |first=Jonny |title=Five reasons to go to Lake of Stars festival |url=http://www.timeout.com/london/music-festivals/five-reasons-to-go-to-Lake-of-Stars-festival |access-date=21 March 2015 |website=London |publisher=Time Out}}</ref> Jaridar Independent ta Burtaniya ta ce "Tafkin Taurari mai tabbatar da rayuwa yana ba da dama mai ban sha'awa don dandana bugun kiɗan wannan ƙasa mai ban sha'awa". <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2009 |title=Lake of stars - Music without barriers |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/lake-of-stars-music-without-barriers-1823719.html |website=[[Independent.co.uk]] |publisher=}}</ref> A cikin 2016, Mataimakin Mujallar ta gane cewa "ikon wannan bikin don ƙarfafa matasan da suka halarta yana da kyan gani na musamman" <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2016 |title=This Festival Founded by Brits in Malawi Swears It's Not Problematic |url=https://thump.vice.com/en_uk/article/mgw9zq/this-festival-founded-by-brits-in-malawi-swears-its-not-problematic |publisher= |access-date=22 November 2024 |archive-date=5 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184849/https://thump.vice.com/en_uk/article/mgw9zq/this-festival-founded-by-brits-in-malawi-swears-its-not-problematic |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Gudanar da bikin == Bikin Taurari na Taurari an shirya shi ta hanyar cakuda masu aikin sa kai na kasa da kasa, da yawa daga cikinsu suna da gogewa mai yawa a cikin masana'antar abubuwan rayuwa, suna tallafawa tawaga a Malawi. Bikin yana samun goyon bayan pro-bono daga masana'antar kiɗa ta Burtaniya, tare da kanun labarai na Burtaniya waɗanda ke balaguro zuwa Malawi galibi suna yarda da barin kuɗin aikinsu na yau da kullun. Kimanin sama da dala miliyan 1 ana samar da shi ta wurin bikin don tattalin arzikin gida kowace shekara. == Ayyuka == Bikin yana shirya damar sa kai ga masu halartar bikin, yana ba da sabis ga ƙungiyoyin agaji daban-daban waɗanda bikin ke ɗaukar nauyin bikin ciki har da Gidauniyar Microloan . Masu halartan kuma suna ziyartar gidajen marayu don yin zaman tare da yara da yin wasanni da wasanni tare da su. Bikin ya kuma haɗa da tattaunawa, kama da tattaunawar TED, wasan kwaikwayo, raye-raye da gauraye na wasan Martial Arts . <ref name="Mbowa">{{Cite web |last=Mbowa |first=Aida |title=Malawi Lake of Stars festival: good music is just the half of it |url=http://mgafrica.com/article/2014-08-07-lake-of-stars-festival-much-more-than-a-celebration-of-music |access-date=21 March 2015 |website=Arts |publisher=Mail & Guardian}}</ref> == Masu yin wasan kwaikwayo == 'Yan wasan duniya da dama suna wasa a tafkin Stars, da yawa daga Afirka da Ingila. Waɗannan masu fasaha sun haɗa, amma ba'a iyakance ga   == Wurare/ Wurare == == Sauran Al'amuran == A waje da Malawi aikin yana shirya sabbin bukukuwa a cikin 2018, wanda ke gudana a London da Glasgow kuma yana nuna masu fasaha daga Malawi, Zambia, Ghana, Afirka ta Kudu da Burtaniya <ref>{{Cite web |title=Festival – Lake of Stars - 28-30 Sep 2018 on Lake Malawi |url=http://lakeofstars.org/festival |website=lakeofstars.org |access-date=22 November 2024 |archive-date=19 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819221339/http://lakeofstars.org/festival/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == l8z91d11gj0t93sas75pj2pshgcrwu0 0 87999 549864 545718 2024-12-01T22:15:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bikin Livespot X''' wani bikin kida ne wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2019 tare da bugu na farko a Legas, Najeriya da Accra, Ghana <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aisha Salaudeen |title=Cardi B's mini West Africa tour has ended, here are some of her memorable moments |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/12/09/africa/cardi-b-moments-in-africa/index.html |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=CNN}}</ref> wanda Livespot360 ya shirya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-13 |title=Livespot X Festival with Cardi B Was Mad O! |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/12/13/livespot-x-festival-with-cardi-b-was-mad-o/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=THISDAYLIVE |language=en-US}}</ref> Bikin Livespot X ya nuna nau'in wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa; kiɗa, walƙiya, ayyuka na musamman, da gogewa mai zurfi, duk sun mirgine cikin babban taron octane guda ɗaya.a == 2019 == Babban nunin ya ƙunshi jerin ayyukan Afirka daga ƙasashe da yawa, ciki har da [[Najeriya]], [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] . Buga Livespot X Festival na 2019 ya bayyana masu fasaha ciki har da [[Cardi B]], <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aisha Salaudeen |title=Cardi B is set to perform for the first time in Nigeria and Ghana |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/12/05/africa/cardi-b-in-africa/index.html |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=CNN}}</ref> [[Teni (mawaƙiya)|Teni]], [[Burna Boy|Burnaboy]], [[Tiwa Savage]], [[Seyi Shay]], [[Joeboy]], [[Ice Prince]], [[DJ Cuppy]], Reekado Banks, da Patoranking <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-30 |title=Livespot X Festival With Cardi B… Tiwa Savage, Olamide, Burna Boy, Others On Parade |url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/livespot-x-festival-with-cardi-b-tiwa-savage-olamide-burna-boy-others-on-parade/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mix |first=Pulse |date=2019-11-21 |title=Livespot X Festival: Burna Boy, Fire Boy, Tiwa Savage and others to perform alongside Cardi B |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/cardi-b-burna-boy-fire-boy-tiwa-savage-and-others-to-perform-at-livespot-x-festival/bg93e74 |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en |archive-date=2021-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116104955/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/cardi-b-burna-boy-fire-boy-tiwa-savage-and-others-to-perform-at-livespot-x-festival/bg93e74 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Everything That Went Down At The 2019 Livespot X Festival Featuring Cardi B |url=https://onobello.com/everything-that-went-down-at-the-2019-livespot-x-festival-featuring-cardi-b/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=onobello.com |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116091525/https://onobello.com/everything-that-went-down-at-the-2019-livespot-x-festival-featuring-cardi-b/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-13 |title=Cardi B Was Here |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/12/14/cardi-b-was-here/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=THISDAYLIVE |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda aka gudanar a Legas da Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-06 |title=Pepsi Set To Delight With Cardi B's Twerks At Livespot X Festival |url=https://pmexpressng.com/pepsi-set-to-delight-with-cardi-bs-twerks-at-livespot-x-festival/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=P.M.EXPRESS |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Oloworekende |first=Wale |date=2019-11-21 |title=Cardi B In Lagos: A Complete Guide to the Livespot X Festival |url=https://culturecustodian.com/cardi-b-to-headline-decembers-livespot-x-festival-in-lagos/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014.) |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-08 |title=Cardi B Is Headed to Nigeria & Ghana This December |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/cardi-b-nigeria-ghana-shows-concerts/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}</ref> == 2020 == Buga na 2020 ya bayyana masu fasaha ciki har da Darey, [[Yemi Alade]], [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]], DJ Cuppy, Joeboy, Mayorkun a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na farko na rayuwa a Najeriya a ranar 19 da 20 ga Disamba <ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2020-12-12 |title=Get Ready to Party with Burna Boy, Wizkid & Simi at Livespot X-Clusive Concert {{!}} December 19th & 20th |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/12/livespot-xclusive-concert/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2020-12-03 |title=LiveSpot360 Announces Star-Studded Concert In December |url=https://ebonymediagist.com/2020/12/03/livespot360-announces-star-studded-concert-in-december/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116112130/https://ebonymediagist.com/2020/12/03/livespot360-announces-star-studded-concert-in-december/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> kuma an saita shi don nuna Burna Boy da Wizkid a matsayin karo na farko da duo zai kasance a kan mataki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-12 |title=Wizkid, Burna Boy lead lineup for Livespot X-Clusive 2020 |url=https://guardian.ng/life/music/wizkid-burna-boy-lead-lineup-for-livespot-x-clusive-2020/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> A ranar 15 ga Disamba, 2020 hukumar gudanarwar ta sanar da soke dokar saboda karuwar cutar COVID-19 a Legas, Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2020-12-15 |title=Why LiveSpot360 Cancelled X-Clusive Burna Boy and Wizkid Concerts |url=https://societynow.ng/why-livespot360-cancelled-x-clusive-burna-boy-and-wizkid-concerts/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=SocietyNow |language=en-US}}</ref> == 2021 == An sanar da bugu na 2021 a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, 2021 wanda zai gudana daga Disamba 16th zuwa 21st 2021 a filin wasa na Livespot360 wanda zai gabatar da kide-kide da aka yi da kide-kide da gogewa da yawa ga masu halarta gami da wasan kwaikwayo na raye-raye ta masu fasaha daban-daban da ayyuka na musamman. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-12 |title=Livespot X Set To Hold Nigeria's First-Ever Week-Long Concert Festival |url=https://thenet.ng/livespot-x-set-to-hold-nigerias-first-ever-week-long-concert-festival/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=Nigerian Entertainment Today |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Livespot X Festival Returns With Six-Day Event |url=https://independent.ng/livespot-x-festival-returns-with-six-day-event/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-15 |title=Livespot X Festival returns with week-long concert |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/11/livespot-x-festival-returns-with-week-long-concert/ |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == 2lbmeaut4x9g6b4ribfod5xvu2gr9cb 0 88017 549931 544924 2024-12-02T00:37:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549931 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samar da kofi a [[Angola]]''' yana nufin samar da kofi a Angola. Kofi yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan kayan aikin gona na Angola; a mafi girma, yayin da yake ƙarƙashin mulkin Portugal, Angola ita ce ta uku mafi girma mai samar da kofi a duniya.<ref name="ANGOP2007">{{Cite web |date=16 January 2007 |title=Coffee Production In Angola Rises To 5,000 Tons |url=http://www.portalangop.co.ao/motix/en_us/noticias/economia/Coffee-Production-Angola-Rises-5000-Tons,a8d1cf1c-ce27-41cf-9e7a-c4d46c9229f2.html |access-date=4 May 2012 |publisher=[[ANGOP|Angola News Press]]}}</ref> == Tarihi == Shuke-shuke da samar da kofi yana ba da gudummawa sosai ga tattalin arzikin yankin arewa maso yammacin Angola, gami da lardin Uíge. Turawan Portugal ne suka fara samar da kofi a cikin shekarar 1830s kuma nan da nan ya zama amfanin gona; Wani manomi ɗan ƙasar Brazil ne ya fara noman kofi na farko a Angola a shekara ta 1837. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Van Dongen |first=Irene S. |year=1961 |title=Coffee Trade, Coffee Regions, and Coffee Ports in Angola |journal=Economic Geography |volume=37 |pages=320–346 |doi=10.2307/141997 |jstor=141997}}</ref> Mafi yawan amfanin gona da ake nomawa a kusan gonakin Angola 2,000, mallakin ƴan ƙasar Portugal galibinsu, shine kofi mai ƙarfi. A farkon shekarun 1970, Angola ita ce ƙasa ta uku mafi girma wajen samar da kofi a duniya. Duk da haka, yakin basasar da ya biyo bayan mulkin Portuguese ya lalata yawancin noman kofi. Tare da yawancin masu aikin gona na kofi suna ƙaura zuwa [[Brazil]], shuke-shuken kofi da aka girma a kan gonaki sun zama gandun daji. Ana ci gaba da gyare-gyaren gonakin tun shekara ta 2000, amma an kiyasta zuba jarin da ake buƙata don maye gurbin shuke-shuken da ba a yi amfani da su ba a shekaru 40 da suka gabata ya kai dalar Amurka miliyan 230. Tare da buɗe sabbin hanyoyi, ayyukan masana'antu a lardin suna daɗa yin tasiri. == Samarwa == Cibiyar Kofi ta Kasa ta Angola (INCA) tana da tashoshin bincike guda uku, galibi suna da alhakin samarwa da rarraba tsiro masu ƙarfi, a Gabela, Kwanza Sul, da Uige; duk da haka, saboda lalacewar lokacin yaƙi, ɗaya daga cikinsu ne kawai ke aiki. Ainihin samar da kofi galibi yana faruwa ne a Uige, Kwanza Norte, Kwanza Sul, Bengo, da Cabinda. Samar da kofi na arabica, wanda ke da asusun kusan 5% na fitar da kofi na Angola, yana faruwa a Benguela, Bie, Huambo, Huila, da Moxico. Angola tana da mafi girman matakin samar da kofi a cikin 1973, tana yin rikodin jimlar amfanin tan 209,000 (tons mai tsawo 206,000; gajeren tan 230,000). Dangane da binciken da Ƙungiyar Kofi ta Duniya ta yi a shekara ta 2000, gudummawar samar da kofi ga tattalin arzikin Angola ba ta da mahimmanci; fitar da kofi a shekarar 1997 ya kai dala miliyan 5 kawai, tare da jimlar fitarwa da aka kimanta a dala miliyan 4,626. <ref name="ico">{{Cite web |year=2000 |title=Angola |url=http://www.ico.org/projects/countryprofiles/countryprofileANGOLAe.pdf |publisher=International Coffee Organization |access-date=2024-11-24 |archive-date=2023-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417220346/http://www.ico.org/projects/countryprofiles/countryprofileANGOLAe.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ka'ida == Sakatariyar harkokin kofi a Angola tana kula da kuma sarrafa ta Sakatariyar Coffee ta Sakatariyar Coffee (wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1988), wanda kuma yana da ayyuka na INCA don kula da samarwa a ƙasa. Duk masu noma kofi dole ne su sami lasisi mai ƙima a kusan $40 kuma su tabbatar da cewa suna da abubuwan da ake buƙata don samar da kofi yadda ya kamata, gami da samun babban birnin don ɗaukar akalla {{Convert|15|t}} na kofi da ɗakin ajiyar sabis. <ref name="ico"/> == Duba kuma == * Coffee portal * List of countries by coffee production == Manazarta == cihkbfh9gim17f7br2zq1ykfn83tdp5 0 88033 550389 545258 2024-12-02T11:21:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | Suna = Isaac Anderson | image = Portrait of 3000.jpg | caption = Portrait of 3000 in Maryland USA | sunan_haihuwa = Isaac Anderson | ranar_haifuwa = {{Birth date and age|2001|5|1}} | birth_place = Accra, Ghana | nationality = Ghanaian | other_names = 3000 | occupation = Fashion model, influencer | Shekaru_masu_aiki = 2019–present = 6 ft 0 in | ilimi = Wesley Grammar School | alma_mater = Wesley Grammar School, Howard University (karatun Lissafi) | residence = }} '''Isaac Anderson''' (an haife shi a watan Mayu 1, 2001), kuma aka sani da 3000, ƙirar ƙirar Ghana ce kuma mai tasiri a cikin Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vanguard |first=Nigeria |title= Isaac Anderson 3000: The Ghanaian visionary redefining menswear with thought and style. |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/10/isaac-anderson-3000-the-ghanaian-visionary-redefining-menswear-with-thought-and-style/amp/ |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=vanguardngr.com - Nigeria news}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=3000 Challenging the Norm: Isaac Anderson's Fashion Revolution. |url=https://www.modernghana.com/amp/lifestyle/16296/3000-challenging-the-norm-isaac-andersons-fashio.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Who Is Isaac Anderson? aka 3000 |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/comment/features/202410/511662.php |access-date= 2024-11-15 |website=Peacefmonline.com - Ghana news}}</ref> ==Rayuwar Farko == An haife shi an Accra, Ghana, Anderson ya girma a Kasoa. Farkon bayyanarsa ga masu sana'a na gida da fasaha sun haifar da sha'awar salonsa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okyere |first=Stella Takyiwaa |date=2024-07-18 |title=From Kasoa to Couture: The ascendancy of Isaac Anderson in the global fashion arena |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/lifestyle/fashion/from-kasoa-to-couture-the-ascendancy-of-isaac-anderson-in-the-global-fashion-arena/e00z7me |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=Pulse Ghana |language=en |archive-date=2024-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806164147/https://www.pulse.com.gh/lifestyle/fashion/from-kasoa-to-couture-the-ascendancy-of-isaac-anderson-in-the-global-fashion-arena/e00z7me |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ilimi == Ya halarci makarantar Wesley Grammar kuma a halin yanzu yana karatun lissafi a Jami'ar Howard. <ref>{{Cite news |title=Scam Call Led to an Unlikely Friendship |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/scam-call-led-unlikely-friendship-134500827.html | access-date=2024-11-16 |website= www.yahoo.com- CBS News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Óshimpan |first=Kwabla |date= 2024-11-15 |title=Isaac Anderson: A Biography |url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2024/10/28/isaac-anderson-a-biography/ |access-date= 2024-11-15 |website=GhanaCelebrities.Com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Isaac Anderson: The new face behind the fashion wheel |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/lifestyle/isaac-anderson-the-new-face-behind-the-fashion-wheel |access-date=2024-11-15 |website= graphic.com.gh- Ghana Lifestyle news}}</ref> == Manazarta == <!-- Inline citations added to your article will automatically display here. See en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:REFB for instructions on how to add citations. --> {{reflist}} o9y2sbonctpe2fcgc1vdzu7jf1uwt9s 0 88090 549863 545730 2024-12-01T22:13:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bikin Kiɗa na EniObanke''' (EMUfest) biki ne na kaɗe-kaɗe, biki na kaɗe-kaɗe da yawa wanda ake gudanarwa kowace shekara a Najeriya. An kafa shi a cikin 2010 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-11-19 |title=EMUfest: Festival of folk music |url=http://lagoscityphotos.blogspot.com/2010/11/emufest-festival-of-folk-music.html |website=Lagos City Photo Blog}}</ref> ta hanyar mawaƙin gargajiya da tushen tushe, [[Beautiful Nubia]] (Dr. Segun Akinlolu) kuma da farko an tsara shi azaman dandamali don gano sabbin ƙwarewa da masu tasowa da kuma bikin sunayen da aka kafa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-04 |title=Beautiful Nubia celebrates decade of music festival, EMUfest |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/beautiful-nubia-celebrates-decade-of-music-festival-emufest/ |website=Nigerian Tribune}}</ref> Yayin da babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali a bikin shi ne kide-kide - musamman gargajiya na gargajiya, jama'a na zamani, jigon jama'a, da pop-up na jama'a - ya kuma gabatar da [[Waƙa|wakoki]], [[Rawa|raye-raye]], wasan kwaikwayo da [[Zane-zane na gani|fasahar gani]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-10-20 |title=Jimi Solanke, Chris Ajilo, Beautiful Nubia for EMUfest |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/jimi-solanke-chris-ajilo-beautiful-nubia-for-emufest/ |website=The Eagle Online}}</ref> [[Fayil:Beautiful_Nubia_performing_at_EMUfest_2012.jpg|thumb| Kyawawan Nubia suna yin wasan kwaikwayo a EMUfest 2012 a Legas]] EMUfest na yau da kullun <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-11-04 |title=EMUfest begins November 5 |url=https://cityvoice.ng/emufest-begins-november-5/ |website=City Voice |access-date=2024-11-26 |archive-date=2023-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007075656/https://cityvoice.ng/emufest-begins-november-5/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ya haɗa da Daren Talent wanda ke nuna sabbin masu fasaha, wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] tare da mawaƙa da magoya baya, azuzuwan kiɗan kyauta, da kide kide. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-11-01 |title=EMUfest Takes The Finale To LABAF At Freedom Park |url=https://labaf2015.wordpress.com/2015/11/01/emufest-takes-the-finale-to-labaf-at-freedom-park/ |website=LABAF 2015 Lagos Book & Art Festival}}</ref> Tun daga 2010, fiye da mutane 300, mawaƙa da makada sun yi wasa a EMUfest, ciki har da Chris Ajilo, [[Orlando Julius|Orlando Julius Ekemode]], [[Jimi Solanke]], [[Yinka Davies]], da [[Lagbaja]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-01 |title=EMUfest Artists |url=http://www.eniobanke.com/p/artists.html |website=EniObanke Music Festival}}</ref> EMUfest shine taron kiɗan da aka maimaita mafi dadewa wanda kowane mawaƙi ya shirya a [[Najeriya]] a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-05 |title=Beautiful Nubia rolls out drums to celebrate decade of music festival |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/beautiful-nubia-rolls-out-drums-to-celebrate-decade-of-music-festival/ |website=Business Day}}</ref> == Manazarta == 4cekx47p2kj31hzudmmnfx3s91ipcx4 0 88234 549448 547936 2024-12-01T13:46:50Z Mat baba 31528 549448 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music,''' == Tarihi == Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kiɗa ta Mpiima ta haɓaka fiye da kiɗa zuwa nau'ikan ƙirƙirar abun ciki, gami da rubuta kiɗa, abun ciki na nishadi, zane-zane, rarrabawa. Ƙungiyar tana samun farin ciki wajen kawo ra'ayoyinta a rayuwa da kuma shaida su sun samo asali daga ra'ayoyin zuwa wani abu da ya dace da mutane.[1][2]. == Discography == * Tek You Out<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Search [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == s57usnu89p9rcntxhqf5ks613spzxpb 549449 549448 2024-12-01T13:49:37Z Mat baba 31528 Clean 549449 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a music group known for music and entertainment founded in 2020 by Mpiima Johnson. == Tarihi == Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kiɗa ta Mpiima ta haɓaka fiye da kiɗa zuwa nau'ikan ƙirƙirar abun ciki, gami da rubuta kiɗa, abun ciki na nishadi, zane-zane, rarrabawa. Ƙungiyar tana samun farin ciki wajen kawo ra'ayoyinta a rayuwa da kuma shaida su sun samo asali daga ra'ayoyin zuwa wani abu da ya dace da mutane.[1][2]. == Discography == * Tek You Out<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Search [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == b4p8n7k47l9m94emk2w9fu808rkfizk 549455 549449 2024-12-01T14:04:01Z Mat baba 31528 Adding bio 549455 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Tarihi == Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kiɗa ta Mpiima ta haɓaka fiye da kiɗa zuwa nau'ikan ƙirƙirar abun ciki, gami da rubuta kiɗa, abun ciki na nishadi, zane-zane, rarrabawa. Ƙungiyar tana samun farin ciki wajen kawo ra'ayoyinta a rayuwa da kuma shaida su sun samo asali daga ra'ayoyin zuwa wani abu da ya dace da mutane.[1][2]. == Discography == * Tek You Out<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Search [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == ac9ecigshuryssd56nhslrsjwc13jw0 549457 549455 2024-12-01T14:17:17Z Mat baba 31528 Added Bio 549457 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Tarihi == Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kiɗa ta Mpiima ta haɓaka fiye da kiɗa zuwa nau'ikan ƙirƙirar abun ciki, gami da rubuta kiɗa, abun ciki na nishadi, zane-zane, rarrabawa. Ƙungiyar tana samun farin ciki wajen kawo ra'ayoyinta a rayuwa da kuma shaida su sun samo asali daga ra'ayoyin zuwa wani abu da ya dace da mutane.[1][2]. == Discography == * TekMusict<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == 1naumjfv0ytema7xtl0s1l79zvdpz0p 549458 549457 2024-12-01T14:19:46Z Mat baba 31528 549458 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Tarihi == Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kiɗa ta Mpiima ta haɓaka fiye da kiɗa zuwa nau'ikan ƙirƙirar abun ciki, gami da rubuta kiɗa, abun ciki na nishadi, zane-zane, rarrabawa. Ƙungiyar tana samun farin ciki wajen kawo ra'ayoyinta a rayuwa da kuma shaida su sun samo asali daga ra'ayoyin zuwa wani abu da ya dace da mutane.[1][2]. == Discography == * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == sxef5exbq4u63omgmfasaslizbl8c9c 549459 549458 2024-12-01T14:26:14Z Mat baba 31528 549459 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Tarihi == Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kiɗa ta Mpiima ta haɓaka fiye da kiɗa zuwa nau'ikan ƙirƙirar abun ciki, gami da rubuta kiɗa, abun ciki na nishadi, zane-zane, rarrabawa. Ƙungiyar tana samun farin ciki wajen kawo ra'ayoyinta a rayuwa da kuma shaida su sun samo asali daga ra'ayoyin zuwa wani abu da ya dace da mutane.[1][2]. == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == 0yh6mzkce1zkaywb21k2aqqmhmmc3k1 549460 549459 2024-12-01T14:28:16Z Mat baba 31528 549460 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Tarihi == Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kiɗa ta Mpiima ta haɓaka fiye da kiɗa zuwa nau'ikan ƙirƙirar abun ciki, gami da rubuta kiɗa, abun ciki na nishadi, zane-zane, rarrabawa. Ƙungiyar tana samun farin ciki wajen kawo ra'ayoyinta a rayuwa da kuma shaida su sun samo asali daga ra'ayoyin zuwa wani abu da ya dace da mutane.[1][2]. == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents. * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == 15b4o1t2d9ygb9bscwnn6f8rg6rgut0 549462 549460 2024-12-01T14:30:06Z Mat baba 31528 549462 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Background == Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Kiɗa ta Mpiima ta haɓaka fiye da kiɗa zuwa nau'ikan ƙirƙirar abun ciki, gami da rubuta kiɗa, abun ciki na nishadi, zane-zane, rarrabawa. Ƙungiyar tana samun farin ciki wajen kawo ra'ayoyinta a rayuwa da kuma shaida su sun samo asali daga ra'ayoyin zuwa wani abu da ya dace da mutane.[1][2]. == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents. * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == gl1y3zliinn6y066m72n0emaokzjjkz 549463 549462 2024-12-01T14:32:50Z Mat baba 31528 549463 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people. == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents. * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == 1m7h8ak6cl9sqnyucc1di5v3ui695ig 549464 549463 2024-12-01T14:36:12Z Mat baba 31528 549464 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment industry since since 2020. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents. * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == 6mabppd2x62p5twpku7kfaplczhp3zp 549466 549464 2024-12-01T14:37:30Z Mat baba 31528 549466 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment [[Industrial Revolution|industry]] since since 2020. == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents. * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == t3gujz6up54ei1urdpb34b2ozn23f01 549467 549466 2024-12-01T14:45:57Z Mat baba 31528 549467 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment [[Industrial Revolution|industry]] since since 2020.<ref><nowiki>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</nowiki></ref> == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents. * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == 29ynlm6hd5tclv9iq73f9mr1lma95ld 549468 549467 2024-12-01T14:49:32Z Mat baba 31528 /* Discography */ 549468 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment [[Industrial Revolution|industry]] since since 2020.<ref><nowiki>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</nowiki></ref> == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people. Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents.<ref>https://ugamusic.ug/bio/mpiima-music</ref> * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == 2oz9xaly2awaopb74m5gd0kevw9hcwx 549469 549468 2024-12-01T14:57:14Z Mat baba 31528 549469 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment [[Industrial Revolution|industry]] since since 2020.<ref><nowiki>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</nowiki></ref> == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people.<ref>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</ref> Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres. == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents.<ref>https://ugamusic.ug/bio/mpiima-music</ref> * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == qwmsw6q94s3g79mo5pq8txhs2r7bne8 549470 549469 2024-12-01T14:57:52Z Mat baba 31528 549470 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment [[Industrial Revolution|industry]] since since 2020.<ref><nowiki>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</nowiki></ref> == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people.<ref>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</ref> Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres.<ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref> == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents.<ref>https://ugamusic.ug/bio/mpiima-music</ref> * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == 8oytk3nw34nxxu7tggjl5upw4l707de 549471 549470 2024-12-01T14:59:21Z Mat baba 31528 549471 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment [[Industrial Revolution|industry]] since since 2020.<ref><nowiki>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</nowiki></ref> == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people.<ref>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</ref><ref>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</ref> Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres.<ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref> == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents.<ref>https://ugamusic.ug/bio/mpiima-music</ref> * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref> * Omukwano * Awana Love * I will Never Leave You == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == hs8hxbbrita6w3nidy79zuq8b69eke7 549472 549471 2024-12-01T15:03:58Z Mat baba 31528 Reference 549472 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment [[Industrial Revolution|industry]] since since 2020.<ref><nowiki>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</nowiki></ref> == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people.<ref>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</ref><ref>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</ref> Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres.<ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref> == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents.<ref>https://ugamusic.ug/bio/mpiima-music</ref> * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref><ref><nowiki>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Gwfyc50tDBU</nowiki></ref> * Omukwano<ref><nowiki>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=xCWKXNm9OzE</nowiki></ref> * Awana Love<ref><nowiki>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=cnAvTdqL9xA</nowiki></ref> * I will Never Leave You<ref><nowiki>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=oXVm_LNDOXI</nowiki></ref> == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == 8qnwipwpdfkucs24ziomha8s5zu1otz 549473 549472 2024-12-01T15:20:24Z Mat baba 31528 549473 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpiima Music''', is a [[Musical instrument|music]] group known for music [[Waiting for Happiness|writing]], digitalizing, promoting, strategizing and [[Musical instrument|entertainment]] founded by Mpiima Johnson. Mpiima Music also stands as a dynamic and trailblazing music Distributor, that has been illuminating the music and entertainment [[Industrial Revolution|industry]] since since 2020.<ref><nowiki>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</nowiki></ref> == Background == Mpiima Music Creative has expanded beyond music into other forms of content creation, including music writing, entertainment content, graphics, distribution. The group finds joy in bringing its ideas to life and witnessing them evolve from ideas into something that resonates with people.<ref>https://blizz.co.ug/artist/903/mpiimamusic</ref><ref>https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/240148</ref> Mpiima Music's passion for visualizing concepts and contributing to the creative process has been a driving force behind his career. The group finds joy in creating meaningful content that resonates with current trends. Mpiima Music has earned recognition as a talented artist and entertainer in both the music and content creation spheres.<ref><nowiki>https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Mpiima-Music/amzn1.dv.gti.e0c7f47e-6edf-4127-b91b-8d2def6d73e6/</nowiki></ref> == Discography == Mpiima Music is a Music and entertainment Group based in Kampala. In 2018, He joined the music industry of which the journey wasn't that easy for him. The passion for Music, Entertainment Writing and the creative arts attracted the spotlight on his daily grind with his audience praising his work. In 2022, the developed a knack for creating and writing content such as music, Entertainment writing and publishing which has attracted several deals from different brands as well as a legion of fans that follow his contents.<ref>https://ugamusic.ug/bio/mpiima-music</ref> * Tek You Out <ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21610422/</ref><ref><nowiki>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Gwfyc50tDBU</nowiki></ref> * Omukwano<ref><nowiki>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=xCWKXNm9OzE</nowiki></ref> * Awana Love<ref><nowiki>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=cnAvTdqL9xA</nowiki></ref> * I will Never Leave You<ref><nowiki>https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=oXVm_LNDOXI</nowiki></ref> == External Links == [[imdbname:13815443|Mpiima music]] on [[IMDb|IMDB]] [https://www.discogs.com/artist/14769182-Mpiima-Music%3Fsrsltid=AfmBOopssTJOtAzUJBm57teIj5u6Oif-Wrb5UC7a8zT6mYG7fJkjDP3F Mpiima Music] on Discogs [https://g.co/kgs/svf7MAA Mpiima music] on Google Se [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5570e7f8-efd6-4c1d-bc53-ccace964039a Mpiima music] on MusicBrainz == References == <references /> [[Rukuni:Music]] [[Rukuni:Artists and repertoire]] [[Rukuni:Music Groups]] [[Rukuni:Uganda]] [[Rukuni:Group]] kylcypb7q7vn62ggc1ob9nsvj467mge 0 88300 549961 548457 2024-12-02T03:34:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Josephine Edna O'Brien''' DBE (15 Disamba 1930 - 27 Yuli 2024) marubuciya ce ɗan ƙasar Ireland, mawallafin tarihi, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo, mawaƙi kuma marubuci ɗan gajeren labari.Ayyukan O'Brien sau da yawa sun shafi tunanin ciki na mata da matsalolinsu da suka shafi maza da al'umma gaba ɗaya.Littafin littafinta na farko, The Country Girls (1960), an ba da lamuni da yin shuru kan al'amuran jima'i da al'amuran zamantakewa a lokacin wani danniya a Ireland bayan yakin duniya na biyu.An dakatar da littafin kuma an soke shi daga kan mimbari.Yawancin littattafanta an fassara su zuwa Faransanci. An buga tarihinta, Yarinyar Kasa, a cikin 2012, kuma littafinta na ƙarshe, Yarinya, an buga shi a cikin 2019.Yawancin litattafan nata sun kasance a ƙasar Ireland, amma yarinyar ta kasance labarin ƙagaggen labarin wanda aka kashe a sace Chibok a 2014 a Najeriya. A cikin 2015, ƴan uwanta masu fasaha ne suka zaɓe ta zuwa Aosdána kuma an karrama ta da taken Saoi. Ta kasance mai karɓar sauran lambobin yabo da yawa da yawa, ta lashe lambar yabo ta Irish PEN Award a 2001 da kyautar David Cohen na shekara-shekara a 2019.Faransa ta ba ta lambar yabo ta Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres a cikin 2021. Tarin gajerun labaranta tsarkaka da masu zunubi sun lashe lambar yabo ta Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award na 2011, kyautar mafi arziƙi a duniya don wannan nau'in. ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Josephine Edna O'Brien a ranar 15 ga Disamba 1930<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/28/obituaries/edna-o-brien-dead.html</ref>ga manoma<ref>https://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/2978/the-art-of-fiction-no-82-edna-obrien</ref>Michael O'Brien da Lena Cleary, a Tuamgraney a County Clare, Ireland, wurin da daga baya za ta kwatanta shi da "zamantakewa" da "a rufe".Ita ce auta a cikin "iyali mai tsauri, mai addini". Sun zauna a "Drewsborough" (kuma "Drewsboro"), "babban gida mai hawa biyu", wanda mahaifiyarta ta ajiye a cikin "semi-grandeur".<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/oct/10/edna-obrien-ireland-outcast-to-literary-darling</ref>Michael O'Brien, "wanda danginsa suka ga mafi yawan lokuta" a matsayin masu mallakar ƙasa,<ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/bookreviews/9586710/Country-Girl-a-Memoir-by-Edna-OBrien-review.html</ref>ya gaji “kadada dubu ko sama da haka” da kuma “arziƙi daga ƴan uwa masu hannu da shuni”, amma ya kasance “mai yawan shaye-shaye” mai tsananin shaye-shaye wanda ya yi cacar gādonsa, ƙasar kuma “an sayar da ita da kaɗan… ko kuma aka sayar da ita don biyan basussuka”.<ref>Country Girl: A Memoir, Edna O'Brien, 2012, p. 4</ref>Mahaifiyarta, Lena, "ta fito daga wurin matalauta"<ref>https://www.independent.ie/style/whos-still-afraid-of-edna-obrien-37796955.html</ref>A cewar O'Brien, mahaifiyarta mace ce mai ƙarfi, mai iko, wacce ta yi ƙaura na ɗan lokaci zuwa Amurka kuma ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin kuyanga a Brooklyn, New York, ga dangin ɗan Irish-Amurka masu arziƙi, kafin ta koma Ireland don yin hidima. rainon danginta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/26/books/edna-obrien-is-still-gripped-by-dark-moral-questions.html</ref> Daga 1941 zuwa 1946, O'Brien ya yi karatu a St. Raphael's College, makarantar kwana da Sisters of Mercy ke gudanarwa<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/26/books/edna-obrien-is-still-gripped-by-dark-moral-questions.html</ref>Zaune a Loughrea, County Galway,<ref>Conversations with Edna O'Brien, ed. Alice Hughes Kernowski, University Press of Mississippi 2014, p. xvii</ref>yanayin da ya ba da gudummawa ga yarinta "mai shaƙewa". Ta tuno:"Na bijirewa addinin tilastawa da takurawa da aka haife ni aka haife ni. Abin tsoro ne sosai kuma ya mamaye ko'ina.Na ji dadi ya tafi."<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/feb/06/edna-obrien-ireland-interview?INTCMP=SRCH</ref>Domin ta yi kewar mahaifiyarta sosai, sai ta soma son zuhudu kuma ta yi ƙoƙari ta gane da kanta.<ref>http://www.independent.ie/entertainment/books/ednas-passions-the-literati-the-film-stars-and-the-nun-3243707.html</ref> A cikin 1950, ya yi karatu da daddare a kwalejin magunguna kuma ya yi aiki a kantin magani na Dublin da rana.<ref>Conversations with Edna O'Brien, ed. Alice Hughes Kernowski, University Press of Mississippi 2014, pp. xvii, 56</ref>An ba O'Brien lasisi a matsayin mai harhada magunguna.<ref>Liukkonen, Petri. "Edna O'Brien". Books and Writers. Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 1 April 2004.</ref> ==Sana'a== A Ireland, O'Brien ya karanta irin waɗannan marubuta kamar Tolstoy, Thackeray, da F. Scott Fitzgerald.<ref>Liukkonen, Petri. "Edna O'Brien". Books and Writers. Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 1 April 2004.</ref>A Dublin, ta sayi Introducing James Joyce, tare da gabatarwar da T. S. Eliot ya rubuta, kuma ta ce daga baya cewa lokacin da ta sami labarin cewa James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist a matsayin Saurayi na tarihin rayuwa ne, hakan ya sa ta gane inda za ta juya, idan ta kasance. son rubuta kanta."Gidajen da ba su jin daɗi suna da kyau sosai don labarun," in ji ta.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/feb/06/edna-obrien-ireland-interview?INTCMP=SRCH</ref> A London, ta fara aiki a matsayin mai karatu ga Hutchinson, inda, bisa ga rahotanninta, an ba ta fam 50 don rubuta labari. Ta buga littafinta na farko, The Country Girls, a cikin 1960.<ref>O'Brien, Edna. The Country Girls, Hutchinson, 1960.</ref>Ya kasance kashi na farko na litattafan litattafai (daga baya aka tattara su azaman Trilogy Girls na Ƙasa), wanda ya haɗa da Yarinyar Lonely (1962) da 'yan mata a cikin Ni'imarsu ta Aure (1964).Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wallafa su, an sanya littattafan a cikin ma’auni na tantancewa kuma an hana su a ƙasarta ta haihuwa saboda yadda suke bayyana rayuwar jima’i na halayensu.Ana zargin O'Brien kanta da "lalata tunanin 'yan mata".Daga baya ta ce, “Ban ji suna ba.Na yi aure. Ina da yara ƙanana. Duk abin da nake ji daga Ireland daga mahaifiyata da wasiƙun da ba a san sunansu ba shine bile da odium da fushi."<ref>https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/edna-o-brien-i-was-lonely-cut-off-from-the-dance-of-life-1.2419776</ref>An kuma yi tir da littafin daga kan mimbari.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200720214514/https://thegloss.ie/the-country-girls-at-50/</ref>An yi ikirarin cewa an kona kwafin ‘yan matan kasar a lokacin da aka buga shi, amma wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 2015 bai samu shaida ko shaida ba kuma an kammala cewa watakila labarin ba gaskiya ba ne.<ref>The Times: Letters to the Editor: "Book-burning myth", Mary Kenny; published 31 July 2024</ref>Yawancin litattafanta ba su da kyau a Ireland. Littafinta na huɗu, Agusta Mugu ne Watan (1965), wanda matar da ba ta da farin ciki ke da "farkawa na sha'awa a kan Riviera na Faransa", an fitar da shi a cikin manema labarai kuma an dakatar da shi a Ireland. A cikin Dajin (2002), wani labarin almara na sanannen kisan kai na Irish, mai sukar Irish Times Fintan O'Toole ya bayyana shi a matsayin "mai laifi".<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/dec/13/edna-obrien-90-ireland-greatest-writer-final-novel</ref> A cikin 1960s, O'Brien ya kasance mai haƙuri na likitan ilimin likitancin Scotland R.D. Laing: "Ina tsammanin zai iya taimaka mini. Ba zai iya yin haka ba - shi kansa ya yi hauka sosai - amma ya bude kofa," in ji ta daga baya.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/feb/06/edna-obrien-ireland-interview?INTCMP=SRCH</ref>Littafinta mai suna A Pagan Place (1970), ya kasance game da kuruciyarta na zalunci. Iyayenta sun yi matukar adawa da duk wani abu da ya shafi adabi kuma mahaifiyarta ta ki amincewa da aikin 'yarta a matsayin marubuci.Wata rana, sa’ad da mahaifiyarta ta sami littafin Seán O’Casey a hannun ’yarta, ta yi ƙoƙari ta ƙone shi.<ref>Liukkonen, Petri. "Edna O'Brien". Books and Writers. Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 1 April 2004</ref> Tare da Teddy Taylor (mai ra'ayin mazan jiya), Michael Foot (Labour) da Derek Worlock (Akibishop Katolika na Liverpool), O'Brien ya kasance memba na kwamitin farko na Lokacin Tambaya na BBC a 1979, kuma an ba shi amsa ta farko a cikin shirin. tarihi ("Edna O'Brien, an haife ku a can", yana nufin Ireland).<ref>Review: First Ever Question Time". 13 August 2020. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.</ref>Mutuwar Taylor a cikin 2017 ya bar ta ita kaɗai ce memba mai raye.A cikin 1980, ta rubuta wasan kwaikwayo, Virginia, game da Virginia Woolf, wanda aka fara shirya shi a watan Yuni 1980 a Stratford Festival, Ontario, Canada. Daga baya an yi shi a Yammacin Ƙarshen London, a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Royal Haymarket, wanda ke nuna Maggie Smith, kuma Robin Phillips ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archives.stratfordfestival.ca/AIS/Details/people/8686 |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2024-11-29 |archive-date=2019-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408145530/https://archives.stratfordfestival.ca/AIS/Details/people/8686 |url-status=dead }}</ref>An shirya wasan kwaikwayo a The Public Theatre a New York a 1985. Haka nan a 1980, O'Brien ya fito tare da Patrick McGoohan a cikin fim ɗin TV mai suna The Hard Way.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/feb/06/edna-obrien-ireland-interview?INTCMP=SRCH</ref> Sauran ayyukan da O'Brien ya yi sun haɗa da tarihin James Joyce, wanda aka buga a 1999, da kuma tarihin mawallafin mawaƙa Lord Byron, Byron in Love, a 2009. House of Splendid Isolation (1994), littafinta game da dan ta'adda wanda ya ci gaba gudu, ta nuna wani sabon mataki a aikinta na rubuce-rubuce.Wani ɓangare na bincikenta ya haɗa da ziyarar ɗan jamhuriyar Ireland Dominic McGlinchey, daga baya aka harbe shi, wanda ta kira "mutum mai kabari kuma mai tunani", da "mafi yawan tunani kuma a lokaci guda mafi zuwa".<ref>Heron, M. (9 April 1994). "Edna Explains". Irish Independent. p. 1. OCLC 1035156580.</ref>Ta gaya wa Marianne Heron, na Irish Independent, cewa ta gaya wa McGlinchey "tana son komai game da shi sai dai abin da ya kasance [kuma] ya gaya mata cewa mahaifiyarsa ta faɗi haka". O'Brien ta musanta cewa tana da alaka da McGlinchey, kuma daga baya ta yi ikirarin cewa, sakamakon binciken da ta yi, dole ne ta karyata tambayoyin da ake yi mata kan ko tana "yana da soyayya da 'yan jamhuriya".<ref>Sheridan, M. (25 August 1996). "'I Don't Have Time to be a Scarlet Woman'". Sunday Independent. p. 11. OCLC 1136200154.</ref> Down by the River (1996) ya shafi wata yarinya da aka yi wa fyade da ta nemi zubar da ciki a Ingila, "Miss X case". A cikin Forest (2002) ya yi magana game da hakikanin rai na Brendan O'Donnell, wanda ya sace tare da kashe wata mata, danta mai shekaru uku, da wani limamin coci, a yankunan karkarar Ireland.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/feb/06/edna-obrien-ireland-interview?INTCMP=SRCH</ref> Littafin O'Brien na ƙarshe, Girl (2019), ya dogara ne akan sace 'yan mata 276 a Najeriya a cikin 2014. Ta yi tafiya zuwa wannan ƙasa sau biyu don yin bincike, wanda ya haɗa da yin hira da mutane da yawa, daga "'yan mata da suka tsere, uwayensu da yayyensu. ga kwararrun masu fama da rauni, likitoci da Unicef”. Daga baya ta ce ta yi ƙoƙari ta ƙirƙira "irin labarin tatsuniya daga duk wannan zafi da ban tsoro", kuma ta ji takaicin rashin kyawun liyafar da ta yi a Amurka, kodayake an sami karɓuwa sosai a Faransa da Jamus.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/dec/13/edna-obrien-90-ireland-greatest-writer-final-novel</ref>A cikin 2020, ta buɗe bikin wasan kwaikwayo na Avignon tare da karanta littafin.<ref>https://www.thebookseller.com/news/edna-o-brien-receive-france-s-highest-cultural-distinction-1239757</ref>Mawaki Imtiaz Dharker, alkali na Kyautar David Cohen na 2019, ya ce game da Yarinya: "Na yi tsammanin an tsara tsarin aikin O'Brien kafin yanke hukunci, sannan, a ƙarshen aikin, wani babban tome ya faɗi. ta hanyar akwatin wasiƙa, canza yanayin gaba ɗaya". O'Brien ta dauki yarinya a matsayin ci gaba da mayar da hankali kan aikinta, "don tsarawa da shiga cikin tunani, rai, zuciya da kuma tunanin 'yan mata a wani nau'i na ƙuntatawa, wani nau'i na rayuwa wanda ba shi da sauƙi, amma wanda ya samu. hanyar da za su bi ta zahiri kuma su fito a matsayin masu cin nasara iri-iri - watakila ba su sami kyaututtuka ba - amma ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru kuma in rayu in faɗi labarin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/nov/26/irish-novelist-edna-obrien-wins-lifetime-achievement-award-country-girls-david-cohen-prize-nobel</ref>Ayyukanta sun haɗa da nassoshi game da tarihin Irish da tarihi, da kuma ambaton fasaloli na musamman kamar su Druids' Circles, Inis Cealtra, da Lough Derg, County Donegal.<ref>https://www.clarelibrary.ie/eolas/coclare/people/edna.htm</ref>An fassara yawancin ayyukanta zuwa Faransanci, tare da fassarar The Country Girls da aka buga a cikin 1960 ta Éditions Julliard da, a cikin 1962, ta Presses de la Cité. Gallimard ne ya buga taken daga baya sannan Fayard ya buga. A cikin 2010, O'Brien ya kulla dangantaka ta musamman da mawallafin Sabine Wespieser. Ana son aikinta sosai a Faransa, "duka biyu don ingancin rubuce-rubucenta amma har ma don gwagwarmayarta ta duniya wacce ta sami karbuwa ta musamman a Faransa" (Ofishin Jakadancin Faransa a London).<ref>https://www.faber.co.uk/journal/edna-obrien-honored-with-frances-highest-cultural-distinction/</ref>Bayan buga Yarinya a cikin 2019, ta fito a cikin littattafan Faransanci da yawa, gami da Télérama, Elle, Le Monde des Livres, da Le Journal du Dimanche.<ref>https://petersfraserdunlop.com/edna-obriens-girl-nominated-for-two-awards-in-france/</ref>Jami'ar Emory a Atlanta, Jojiya, Amurka, tana riƙe da takaddunta daga 1939 zuwa 2000. Ana gudanar da takaddun kwanan nan a Jami'ar College Dublin.<ref>https://www.rte.ie/culture/2021/0909/1245719-edna-obrien-archive-acquired-by-national-library-of-ireland/</ref><ref>https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/papers-of-edna-o-brien-find-lasting-home-at-national-library-of-ireland-1.4670246</ref> A cikin Satumba 2021, an ba da sanarwar cewa O'Brien za ta ba da gudummawar tarihinta ga Laburaren Ƙasa na Ireland.Laburaren ya kasance yana riƙe da takardu daga O'Brien waɗanda ke rufe lokacin 2000 zuwa 2021, gami da wasiku, zayyanawa, bayanin kula da bita. ===MANAZARTA== c356wfpvgj6ntm6dxyxnr3n5zn9d44o 0 88331 549843 548890 2024-12-01T21:27:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549843 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bambalouni''' ([[Larabci]] : بمبالوني), kuma ana kiransa da '''bambaloni''', [[donut]] ɗin [[Abincin Tunisiya|Tunisiya]] ne mai daɗi. Ana iya yin shi a gida ko saya daga shagunan abinci masu sauri. Ana shirya shi tare da kulli da aka soya a cikin mai. Ana cin bambaloni ana yayyafa masa [[sukari]] ko kuma a jika shi da [[zuma]].<ref name="Chahia" /> Ana iya ci a kowane lokaci na rana.<ref>{{cite news |author1=Sonia |title=Bambalouni Ou Le Fameux Beignet Tunisien |url=http://www.latunisienne.fr/bambalouni-ou-le-fameux-beignet-tunisien/ |access-date=7 August 2018 |work=La Tunisienne |date=11 October 2011 |language=fr}}</ref> Ya yi wahayi zuwa ga [[sfenj]] donut da ake cinyewa a ko'ina cikin Maghreb,<ref name="Chahia">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Recette de Bambalouni - Sfenj |url=http://www.chahiatayba.com/recettes/179/Bambalouni---Sfenj |access-date=1 June 2018 |website=Chahia Tayba |language=fr |archive-date=20 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620124931/http://www.chahiatayba.com/recettes/179/Bambalouni---Sfenj |url-status=dead }}</ref> wanda kuma aka sani da [[Sfenj|sfinz]] a [[Libya]]. <ref name="Hamza">{{Cite web |last=Hamza |first=Umm |date=9 April 2015 |title=SFINZ / SFENJ |url=http://www.halalhomecooking.com/sfinz-sfenj/ |access-date=7 August 2018 |website=Halal Home Cooking}}</ref> == Gallery == <gallery> Fayil:Bambaloni_2.jpg Fayil:Balbalounii.jpg Fayil:Bambalouni_07.JPG </gallery> == Duba kuma == *[[Bombolone]], the Italian version of the Bambalouni *[[Sfenj]] *[[Sfinz]] *[[List of doughnut varieties]] *[[List of fried dough varieties]] *[[Cuisine of Tunisia]] *[[Tulumba]] *[[Fritelli]] *[[Puff-puff]] * [[Abincin Libya]] == Manazarta == 6r0xxjrjts9hleozahvyqnzovr58ifx 0 88333 549955 548899 2024-12-02T02:31:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 549955 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dokokin rikodin kiran waya''' sune dokokin da aka kafa a yawancin hukunce-hukuncen, kamar ƙasashe, jihohi, larduna, waɗanda ke tsara yadda ake yin rikodin kiran tarho . An ba da izinin yin rikodin kira ko saka idanu tare da matakai daban-daban na kariyar sirri, buƙatun tilasta doka, matakan hana zamba, ko amincewar wani ɓangare na ɗaya. == Ostiraliya == ''Dokar Sadarwa ta Tarayya (Interception da Access) Dokar a shekarar 1979'' da Dokokin Jihohin Jihohi da Yanki na iya amfani da su ga saka idanu ko rikodin tattaunawar tarho. Babban ƙa'idar ita ce ƙila ba za a yi rikodin kiran ba. Sashe na 7 na ''Dokar Sadarwa (Interception da Access) Dokar a shekarar 1979'' ta hana yin kiran waya. An bayyana “Interception” a sashe na 6, wanda daya daga cikin abubuwan shi ne an yi shi “ba tare da sanin wanda ya ke yin sadarwa ba”. Akwai keɓancewa ga waɗannan ƙa'idodin a cikin ƙayyadaddun yanayi, gami da inda garanti ya shafi. Idan ana son yin nadi ko saka idanu, dole ne ƙungiya ta gaya wa ɗayan ɓangaren a farkon tattaunawar don ta sami damar ko dai ta ƙare kiran, ko kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa wani layi inda saka idanu ko rikodin ba ya aiki. faruwa. Dalilan ƙungiyoyi na iya sa ido ko yin rikodin tattaunawa na iya haɗawa da: * don kare niyyar mutum a cikin mu'amala da kungiyar * don samar da rikodi a yayin da ake jayayya game da ma'amala * don inganta sabis na abokin ciniki. A cikin jihar Queensland ba bisa ka'ida ba ne yin rikodin tattaunawa ta wayar tarho da wani wanda ke tattaunawar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Queensland Legal Aid - Helping Queenslanders with their legal problems |url=http://www.legalaid.qld.gov.au/Find-legal-information/Personal-rights-and-safety/Privacy-and-identity/Privacy |access-date=15 May 2019 |website=www.legalaid.qld.gov.au}}</ref> == Kanada == === Ƙungiyoyi === A Kanada, ƙungiyoyin da ke ƙarƙashin Dokar Kariyar Bayanin Keɓaɓɓu da Dokar Takardun Lantarki <ref>{{Cite web |last=Branch |first=Legislative Services |date=8 April 2019 |title=Consolidated federal laws of canada, Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act |url=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/P-8.6/ |access-date=15 May 2019 |website=laws-lois.justice.gc.ca}}</ref> (PIPEDA) dole ne su bi PIPEDA lokacin rikodin kira. <ref name=":0">Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada. {{Cite web |date=June 2008 |title=Guidelines for Recording of Customer Telephone Calls |url=https://www.priv.gc.ca/resource/fs-fi/02_05_d_14_e.asp |access-date=September 28, 2017}}</ref> Domin bin PIPEDA, ƙungiyoyi su ɗauki matakai masu zuwa lokacin yin rikodin tattaunawa: <ref name=":0"/> # Dole ne a sanar da mutum cewa ana yin rikodin tattaunawar a farkon kiran. Ana iya yin wannan ta hanyar yin rikodi ta atomatik ko ta wakilin sabis na abokin ciniki. <ref name=":0"/> # Dole ne a ba wa mutum shawara game da dalilai. Dole ne ƙungiyar ta kasance a sarari game da dalilai; kada kungiya ta bayyana cewa tana yin rikodin tattaunawar don dalilai masu inganci idan, a zahiri, za a yi amfani da rikodin don wasu dalilai. Sanar da mutum dalilai za a iya yi ta hanyoyi daban-daban - da baki, ta hanyar latsa lamba akan faifan maɓalli (cikin yanayin saƙon atomatik) ko tare da bayyanannun saƙon akan bayanan kowane wata. (Misali: Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da lissafin ku don Allah a kira 1-800-XXX-XXXX. Lura za a yi rikodin kiran ku don...) Idan mutum ya ci gaba da sanin ana yin rikodin tattaunawar da manufar yin rikodin., yarda yana nufin. <ref name=":0" /> # Idan mai kiran ya ƙi yin rikodi, ƙungiyar yakamata ta samar wa mai kiran wasu hanyoyi masu ma'ana. Zaɓuɓɓukan na iya haɗawa da rashin latsa kiran; ziyartar kantin sayar da kayayyaki; rubuta wasika; ko, gudanar da ciniki akan Intanet. <ref name=":0" /> === Mutane === Mutum na iya yin rikodin kira muddin suna ɗaya daga cikin mahalarta kiran. Ana iya amfani da rikodin a matsayin shaida a cikin ƙara. <ref name=":2" /> Duk da haka, ba bisa ka'ida ba ne don yin rikodin sadarwa cewa ƙungiyar masu rikodin ba ta shiga. Yin rikodin ba bisa ka'ida ba zai iya haifar da hukuncin daurin shekaru biyar a gidan yari. Sashe na 183 (Sashe na VI) na [[Criminal Code (Canada)|kundin laifuffuka]] kuma ya haramta yin rikodin bayanan sirri na sirri ba tare da izinin ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka nufa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 6, 2008 |title=Is it legal to record a private conversation? Wiretapping and the one party consent exception to the rule against interception |url=http://www.legaltree.ca/node/908 |access-date=September 28, 2017}}</ref> == Jamhuriyar Czech == Ana iya yin rikodin kira da tattaunawa ta kowane ɗan takara, ba tare da buƙatu don sa wasu ɓangarori su san rikodi ba. An taƙaita sosai ta yaya za ku iya amfani da irin wannan rikodi. Babban ra'ayin shine a yi amfani da shi kawai don kare haƙƙin ku da doka ta ba ku. Dokar da ke magance wannan ita ce NOZ, [https://www.kurzy.cz/zakony/89-2012-obcansky-zakonik/paragraf-86/ § 86] da [https://www.kurzy.cz/zakony/89-2012-obcansky-zakonik/paragraf-88/ § 88] . == Denmark == Ana iya yin rikodin kira da tattaunawa ta kowane ɗan takara, ba tare da buƙatu don sa wasu ɓangarori su san rikodi ba. Amma tura ko kunna kiran da aka ɗauka na sirri haramun ne. Hukumar Kare Bayanai ta Denmark (DPA) ta yanke hukunci a ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu, shekara ta 2019, cewa ana buƙatar ingantaccen yarda lokacin da kamfanoni ke yin rikodin kiran wayar abokin ciniki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Straffeloven - Bekendtgørelse af straffeloven - retsinformation.dk |url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/r0710.aspx?id=181992#Kap27 |access-date=15 May 2019 |website=www.retsinformation.dk}}</ref> == Finland == Game da mutane masu zaman kansu, kowane ɗan takara na iya yin rikodin kira da tattaunawa. Babu wani abin da ake buƙata don sa wasu ɓangarori su san rikodin, amma yin amfani da rikodin, dangane da abubuwan da ke cikin su, na iya kasancewa ƙarƙashin dokoki daban-daban, kamar dokokin kariya (sirri), dokokin cin zarafi, dokokin kasuwanci da sirrin ƙasa. da kowace yarjejeniyoyin, kamar yarjejeniyar rashin bayyanawa. <ref name="Finland">{{Cite web |year=2006 |title=Omien keskustelujen ja puheluiden nauhoittaminen työpaikalla (Data Protection Ombudsman) |url=http://www.tietosuoja.fi/fi/index/ratkaisut/puheluidennauhoittaminen.html |access-date=28 September 2017}}</ref> Rikodin kira ta kamfani ko ma'aikaci yana ƙarƙashin dokar kariyar bayanai kuma, a matsayin gama-gari, yana buƙatar sanar da mahalarta kafin yin rikodi. <ref name="Finland"/> == Jamus == Jamus hukumcin yarda ne na jam'iyyun biyu - rikodin wayar tarho ba tare da izinin biyun ba ko, idan an zartar, ƙari, ƙungiyoyin laifi ne bisa ga § 201 na Kundin Laifukan Jamus <ref>{{Cite web |title=Criminal Code (Strafgesetzbuch, StGB) |url=http://www.iuscomp.org/gla/statutes/StGB.htm#201 |access-date=15 May 2019 |website=www.iuscomp.org |archive-date=26 April 2001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010426054458/http://www.iuscomp.org/gla/statutes/StGB.htm#201 |url-status=dead }}</ref> - keta sirrin kalmar da aka faɗa. . Dole ne alkali ya amince da latsa waya daga hukumomi. Ana iya yin rikodin rikodi ta wayar tarho ta ɗan ƙasa mai zaman kansa a cikin lamuran kare kai, § 32 na Tsarin Laifin Jamusanci, <ref>{{Cite web |title=GERMAN CRIMINAL CODE |url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_stgb/englisch_stgb.html#p0172 |access-date=15 May 2019 |website=www.gesetze-im-internet.de}}</ref> ko Larura, § 34 na Tsarin Laifin Jamus. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Translation provided by Prof. Dr. Michael Bohlander |date=13 November 1998 |title=Sec. 34 of the German Criminal Code |url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_stgb/englisch_stgb.html#p0177 |access-date=May 16, 2019 |website=German Criminal Code |publisher=[[Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz]], Bundesamt für Justiz (Deutschland)}}</ref> Don tattaunawa kan shigar halal a Jamus duba [[:de:Telekommunikationsüberwachung]] (harshen Jamus). == Indiya == Indiya ba ta da takamaiman doka da ke magana game da rikodin kiran waya. Ba laifi ba ne mutum ya yi rikodin kiran wayar da su kansu mahalartansa ba tare da izini daga sauran ɓangarorin ba duk da cewa masu rikodin na iya fuskantar shari'a idan ɗayan ɓangaren ya ɗauki matakin a matsayin keta sirrin su. Duk da haka, rikodin kiran wayar da masu rikodin ba su halarta ba haramun ne kuma an haramta shi da sashi na 21 na kundin tsarin mulkin Indiya sai dai idan wanda ya yi rikodin ya riga ya amince daga mahalarta kiran. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goyal |first=Aman |date=2014-09-04 |title=Audio-visual recording of "informed consent" in India: Step towards "understood consent" |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774514542621 |journal=Clinical Trials |volume=11 |issue=5 |pages=605–606 |doi=10.1177/1740774514542621 |issn=1740-7745 |pmid=25190028 |s2cid=206773605}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=India Audio and Video recording laws |url=https://recordinglaw.com/india-recording-laws/#:~:text=No%20law%20specifies%20whether%20one,all%20parties%20to%20the%20conversation |publisher=Recording Laws}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 April 2022 |title=Is call recording legal in India: See admissible court laws |url=https://www.indialegallive.com/legal/is-call-recording-legal-in-india/ |publisher=IndiaLegalLive}}</ref> Gwamnatin Tsakiya ko Gwamnatin Jiha tana da ikon yin odar saƙon sakonni ta 12, sashe na 5 na Dokar Telegraph ta Indiya a shekarar 1885. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 |url=http://dot.gov.in/sites/default/files/the_indian_telegraph_act_1985_pdf.pdf |access-date=May 16, 2019 |publisher=[[Department of Telecommunications]], Ministry of Communication, Government of India}}</ref> Dokar 419 da 419A ta bayyana. Ana ba da izinin latsa waya bisa umarnin kotu kawai kuma ana ba da irin wannan izini ne kawai idan ana buƙatar hana wani babban laifi da ya shafi tsaron ƙasa ko kuma tattara bayanan sirri kan ayyukan yaƙi da ƙasa ko ta'addanci. Ko da yake an fara rufe laifuffukan tattalin arziƙi / guje wa biyan haraji a ƙarƙashin dalilan kutse na wayoyi, gwamnati ta janye hakan a cikin shekarar 1999 bisa ga umarnin Kotun Koli da ke nuna kariya ga sirrin mutum. Dangane da Dokar 428 na ka'idodin telegraph na Indiya, babu wani mutum ba tare da izinin hukumar telegraph ba, ya yi amfani da kowace waya ko sanadi ko sharadi don amfani da ita, dalilai banda kafa kiran gida ko akwati. Umurnin Gwamnatin Indiya sun ba da izini don haɗe-haɗe. Babu tanadi don abin da aka makala don yin rikodin tattaunawa. == Italiya == A cewar Kotun Koli na Cassation, maganganun da aka yi rikodin suna da doka kuma za a iya amfani da su a matsayin shaida a kotu, ko da idan ɗayan ba su san an rubuta su ba, idan dai ƙungiyar ta rikodi ta shiga cikin tattaunawar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Francesco Polimeni |date=5 May 2014 |title=Registrare di nascosto: per la Cassazione è legale |url=http://notizie.tiscali.it/socialnews/articoli/polimeni/13230/registrare-di-nascosto-per-la-cassazione-e-legale/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011100301/http://notizie.tiscali.it/socialnews/articoli/polimeni/13230/registrare-di-nascosto-per-la-cassazione-e-legale/ |archive-date=11 October 2016 |publisher=[[Tiscali]] News |language=it}}</ref> == Ireland == Kiran yin rikodin doka ne kuma ana iya amfani da rikodin azaman shaida a kotu, tana ba da rikodin mutumin ɗan takara ne ga tattaunawar, ko kuma yana da izini daga aƙalla ɗan takara ɗaya daga tattaunawar. == Latvia == Kira da tattaunawa ta mutane masu zaman kansu na iya yin rikodin ta kowane ɗan takara mai aiki. Babu wani buƙatu a cikin dokoki don sa wasu ɓangarori su san rikodin, amma yin amfani da rikodin, dangane da abubuwan da suke ciki, na iya kasancewa ƙarƙashin dokoki daban-daban. <ref name="Latvia">{{Cite web |year=2010 |title=Fizisko personu datu aizsardzības likums (Personal Data Protection Law) |url=https://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=4042 |access-date=28 September 2017}}</ref> == Netherlands == Mataki na 139a na Dokar Laifukan Yaren mutanen Holland ya ce "Wanda ya yi amfani da taimakon fasaha da gangan don yin rikodin tattaunawar da ake yi a cikin gida, ɗakin da ke rufe ko tsakar gida, ba tare da kasancewa mai shiga cikin tattaunawar ba kuma ba tare da wani umarni daga irin wannan mahalarta ba., hukuncin daurin da bai wuce wata shida ba ko kuma tarar kashi na <ref name="Netherlands">{{Cite web |title=Artikel 139a Wetboek van Strafrecht |url=https://mijnwetten.nl/wetboek-van-strafrecht/artikel139a |access-date=21 April 2022}}</ref> . A wasu kalmomi, muddin mutum ya kasance da kansa mahalarta, an ba su damar (cikin hikima) rubuta gaba ɗaya tattaunawar. Bugu da ƙari, yayin da ba a bayyana a sarari ba, Dokar Kariya ta Gabaɗaya ta Turai ta shafi duk wani aiki na tattaunawa na sirri wanda ba 'kai tsaye na sirri' ba. Duk wani bugu, ba tare da izini ba, saboda haka haramun ne. == New Zealand == Rikodin kiran waya ta masu zaman kansu ya faɗi ƙarƙashin tanadin da ke da alaƙa da tsangwama na Dokar Laifukan shekarar 1961, wanda ke da hani gaba ɗaya kan amfani da na'urorin shiga tsakani. An keɓance don lokacin da mutumin da ke satar kiran ya kasance ɓangaren tattaunawa. Babu wata bukata da bangarorin biyu su san tsangwamar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Crimes Act 1961, Section 216B |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1961/0043/latest/DLM329814.html |access-date=28 September 2017}}</ref> Rikodin kiran tarho duk da haka yana faɗuwa ƙarƙashin ikon Dokar Sirri. Gabaɗaya, yin rikodin kiran tarho masu alaƙa da al'amuran sirri bai saba wa Dokar Keɓancewa ba, yayin da yin rikodi don kowane dalilai zai yi. Musamman, yawanci ana ɗaukar rashin adalci don yin rikodin wani ba tare da gaya musu ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Can I record someone without telling them? |url=https://www.privacy.org.nz/tools/knowledge-base/view/31 |access-date=24 April 2021}}</ref> Har yanzu yana iya zama doka don yin rikodi ba tare da izini ba idan sha'awar jama'a ga abun ciki na rikodi ya yi ƙarfi fiye da sha'awar keɓantawa ko sha'awar sirri. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 October 2018 |title=Phone recordings: what's legal and what's not |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018667395/phone-recordings-what-s-legal-and-what-s-not |access-date=24 April 2021 |website=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref> == Poland == Bisa ga Dokar Laifin Yaren mutanen Poland (art. 267), rikodin kira ya zama doka ga mutum mai zaman kansa kawai lokacin da mutum mai rikodi yana ɗaya daga cikin mahalarta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Criminal Code z dnia 6 czerwca 1997 r. (Dz.U. tłum. gb Nr 88, poz. 553) |url=https://supertrans2014.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/the-criminal-code.pdf |access-date=May 16, 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Ba a buƙatar izini daga ɗayan ɓangaren sannan. Hakazalika ga Latvia, yin amfani da rikodin, dangane da abubuwan da suke ciki, na iya kasancewa ƙarƙashin dokoki daban-daban. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2017 |title=Nagrywanie rozmów - kiedy jest legalne? |url=https://www.alfatronik.com.pl/info/nagrywanie-rozmow-legalne/ |access-date=15 May 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2018 |title=Legalność nagrywania rozmowy. Czy taki materiał może być dowodem w sprawie? |url=https://bezprawnik.pl/legalnosc-nagrywania-rozmowy/ |access-date=15 May 2019}}</ref> == Romania == Kashe hanyoyin sadarwa ya faɗi ƙarƙashin tanadin Code of Penal kuma, a cikin yanayin sadarwar lantarki, a ƙarƙashin [http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/56973#id_artA88_ttl Dokar Sadarwa (506/2004)] . An ba da izinin yin rikodin tattaunawa ta memba mai zaman kansa zuwa waccan tattaunawar. Duk da haka, yayin da irin waɗannan rikodin na doka ne, yin amfani da su na iya faɗuwa cikin ƙarin dokar farar hula ko na laifuka. Amincewarsu a matsayin shaida kuma ya dogara da yanayin. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zarrin |first=Shazia |last2=Saxena |first2=Shashi |last3=Arif-ul-Islam |date=September 2010 |title=Step-stress Accelerated Life Testing for Exponentiated Weibull Distribution |journal=Safety and Reliability |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=5–13 |doi=10.1080/09617353.2010.11690911 |issn=0961-7353 |s2cid=124623801}}</ref> == Sweden == Bisa ga ka'idar Penal Code na Sweden (Brottsbalken) Babi na 4, 8-9 §§, ba bisa ka'ida ba ne ''yin'' rikodin maganganun tarho mara izini. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Riksdagsförvaltningen |title=Brottsbalk (1962:700) Svensk författningssamling 1962:1962:700 t.o.m. SFS 2019:34 - Riksdagen |url=http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/brottsbalk-1962700_sfs-1962-700 |access-date=15 May 2019 |website=www.riksdagen.se}}</ref> Kotu na iya ba da izini ga hukumomin tilasta bin doka don buga layukan tarho. Har ila yau, duk wanda ke shiga cikin kiran tarho na iya yin rikodin tattaunawar - aƙalla ɓangare ɗaya a cikin kiran dole ne ya san yadda ake yin rikodin. Ana yarda da rikodin ko da yaushe a matsayin shaida a cikin kotu, ko da an same shi ta haramtacciyar hanya. == Taiwan == Kamar yadda doka ta 29 ta Dokar Tsaro da Sa ido ta Sadarwa ta shekarar 1999, yin rikodin kira ya halatta idan wanda ke gudanar da sa ido yana ɗaya daga cikin bangarorin sadarwa, ko kuma ya sami izini daga ɗaya daga cikin bangarorin da ke cikin sadarwa, kuma ba a aiwatar da shi ba. haramtacciyar manufa. A [[Turkiyya]], akwai tsauraran sharuɗɗa na aikin sa ido da kuma adana bayanan, amma idan dai ya bayyana isa ga ainihin abin da ake amfani da shi da kuma hanyoyin aiwatar da doka ta hukuma, ana ɗaukarsa. kamar yadda ya halatta. Ana zargin batun da ke hannun da laifin binciken laifin da ba shi da alaka da shi saboda haka dance buga wayar ya dace.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2023}}</link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ƙasar Ingila == === Ingila da Wales === Dokar ikon bincike ta a shekarar 2000 gabaɗaya ta hana yin hulɗa da wani ɓangare na uku, tare da keɓancewa da hukumomin gwamnati. Ba a haramta yin rikodin da wani ɓangare ya yi don kiran waya ko imel ba tare da sanar da ɗayan ba idan har an yi rikodin don amfanin kansu; An haramta yin rikodi ba tare da sanarwa ba inda aka samar da wasu abubuwan da ke cikin sadarwa-tattaunawar waya ko e-mail ga wani ɓangare na uku. Kasuwanci na iya yin rikodin tare da sanin ma'aikatansu, amma ba tare da sanar da ɗayan ba, zuwa: * ba da shaida na ma'amalar kasuwanci * tabbatar da cewa kasuwanci ya bi ka'idodin tsari * ganin cewa ana cika ka'idoji ko maƙasudai * kare tsaron kasa * hana ko gano laifi * bincika yin amfani da tsarin sadarwa mara izini * tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na tsarin sadarwa Za su iya saka idanu ba tare da yin rikodin kiran waya ko imel ɗin da aka karɓa don ganin ko sun dace da kasuwancin ba (misali, don bincika sadarwar kasuwanci da aka yi magana da ma'aikacin da ba ya nan); amma irin wannan saka idanu dole ne ya kasance daidai kuma daidai da dokokin kariya da ka'idojin aiki. Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani ba lallai ba ne ya ƙunshi duk wasu lokuta masu yuwuwa. Babban dokokin da dole ne a bi su shine: * Dokokin ikon Bincike na 2000 ("RIPA") * Sadarwa (Halatta Kasuwancin Kasuwanci) (Kasuwancin Sadarwa) Dokokin a shekarar 2000 ("Dokokin LBP"). * Gabaɗaya Dokokin Kariya * Dokokin Sadarwa (Kariyar Bayanai da Sirri) a shekara ta 1999 * Dokar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na shekarar 1998. Ƙarƙashin RIPA yin rikodi ko sa ido kan sadarwa ba bisa ka'ida ba laifi ne, ba da izinin aiwatar da aikin farar hula a cikin kotuna. Akwai taƙaitaccen ƙa'idodin aiki akan gidan yanar gizon Ofcom. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Other issues - Ofcom |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/phones-telecoms-and-internet/how-to-report-a-complaint/other-issues |access-date=26 May 2020}}</ref> Wani lokaci ana ba da shawarar yin rikodi, kamar yadda a cikin rikodin ma'amalar kasuwanci da aka yi ta wayar tarho don samar da rikodin. Wani lokaci yakan zama wajibi; daga watan Maris, shekara ta 2009 Dokokin Hukumar Sabis na Kuɗi sun buƙaci kamfanoni su yi rikodin duk tattaunawar tarho da sadarwar lantarki da suka shafi umarni na abokin ciniki da ƙarshen ma'amaloli a cikin daidaito, haɗin gwiwa, da kasuwanni masu ƙima. <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 3, 2008 |title=FSA Web site: FSA publishes new rules on telephone recording |url=http://www.fsa.gov.uk/library/communication/pr/2008/017.shtml |access-date=September 28, 2017 |publisher=FSA}}</ref> A cikin watan Nuwamban shekarar 2011 an tsawaita wannan don rufe rikodin tattaunawar wayar hannu da ke da alaƙa da umarni na abokin ciniki da ma'amala ta kamfanoni masu tsari. === Scotland === Halin da ake ciki a Scotland yayi kama da na Ingila da Wales, wanda Dokar Bincike ta Ƙarfafa (Scotland) ta a shekarar 2000 ta rufe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Scotland) Act 2000 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2000/11/contents/data.htm |access-date=2019-03-29 |website=www.legislation.gov.uk}}</ref> == Amurka == A cikin ''[[Rathbun v. United States (1957)|Rathbun da Amurka]]'', [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Koli ta Amurka]] ta yanke hukunci game da sadarwa tsakanin jihohi ko kuma na waje cewa "a bayyane yake cewa wanda ke da ikon karɓar sadarwar yana iya amfani da shi don amfanin kansa ko kuma ya yi amfani da shi. ba shi da gata, kuma wata ƙungiya ba za ta tilasta wa ɗayan ba ta hanyar amfani da wayar tarho kawai. yi rikodin tattaunawar kuma buga shi." Dubi ''Amurka v. Polakoff'', 113 F. 2d 888, 889. Dokar tarayya ta buƙaci a sanar da aƙalla ƙungiya ɗaya da ke shiga cikin kiran game da rikodin ( 18 USC § 2511 (2) (d)). Dokokin yin rikodin kira a wasu jihohin Amurka suna buƙatar ƙungiya ɗaya kawai don sanin rikodin, yayin da sauran jihohin gabaɗaya suna buƙatar ɓangarori biyu su sani. Jihohi da yawa suna buƙatar duk ɓangarorin su yarda lokacin da ƙungiya ɗaya ke son yin rikodin tattaunawar tarho. <ref name="RCFP">{{Cite web |date=August 1, 2012 |title=Tape-recording laws at a glance |url=http://www.rcfp.org/reporters-recording-guide/tape-recording-laws-glance |access-date=September 28, 2017 |publisher=[[Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press]]}}</ref> Dokokin tarayya ne ke tafiyar da rikodin waya kuma ta nau'ikan dokokin jiha iri biyu: === Jihohin yarda biyu === Jihohin da ke buƙatar gabaɗaya cewa duk ɓangarori sun yarda da rikodin sun haɗa da: * California * Connecticut (Don yin rikodin lantarki kawai, dole ne a sanar da duk ƙungiyoyi game da rikodin, ba tare da ƴan kaɗan ba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Christopher Reinhart |date=October 1, 1999 |title=RECORDING PHONE CALLS |url=https://www.cga.ct.gov/PS99/rpt%5Colr%5Chtm/99-R-0987.htm |website=www.cga.ct.gov}}</ref> Domin yin rikodin cikin mutum, ƙa'idar ita ce amincewar ƙungiya ɗaya koyaushe.) <ref name="dmlp.org">{{Cite web |date=May 14, 2014 |title=Recording Phone Calls and Conversations |url=http://www.dmlp.org/legal-guide/recording-phone-calls-and-conversations |access-date=September 28, 2017 |publisher=[[Digital Media Law Project]]}}</ref> * Delaware <ref>{{Cite web |title=11 DE Code § 1335 (2022) |url=https://law.justia.com/codes/delaware/2022/title-11/chapter-5/subchapter-vii/section-1335/ |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=Justia Law}}</ref> * Florida <ref>{{Cite web |title=Statutes & Constitution :View Statutes : Online Sunshine |url=http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm/Sections/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=&URL=0900-0999/0934/Sections/0934.03.html |access-date=15 May 2019 |website=www.leg.state.fl.us}}</ref>{{Ana bukatan hujja|reason=secondary source needed|date=July 2023}}</link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" data-ve-ignore="true" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="secondary source needed (July 2023)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> * Hawaii* (gaba ɗaya jihar jam'iyya ɗaya, amma yana buƙatar izinin ɓangare biyu idan an shigar da na'urar rikodi a wuri mai zaman kansa) <ref name="dmlp.org" /> * Illinois (sauraron, watsawa, ko yin rikodin tattaunawa na sirri ba na lantarki ba yana buƙatar izini daga kowane bangare) <ref name=":3" /> <ref name="ilga.gov">{{Cite web |title=Illinois General Assembly - Illinois Compiled Statutes |url=http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext.asp?DocName=072000050K14-2 |access-date=2018-06-20 |website=www.ilga.gov |language=en}}[one-party recording of electronic communications is allowed by 720 ILCS 5/14-2(a)(3)]</ref> * Maryland <ref>{{Cite web |title=Maryland Courts and Judicial Proceedings Section 10-402 |url=https://law.justia.com/codes/maryland/2005/gcj/10-402.html |access-date=15 May 2019 |website=Justia Law}}</ref> * Massachusetts <ref name="dmlp.org" /> (kawai an dakatar da rikodin "asiri" kawai, <ref name="dmlp.org-mass">{{Cite web |date=May 8, 2013 |title=Massachusetts Recording Law |url=http://www.dmlp.org/legal-guide/massachusetts-recording-law |access-date=September 28, 2017 |publisher=[[Digital Media Law Project]]}}</ref> ce kadai jihar da ba ta da "wuri na jama'a". Kwaskwarimar Farko a cikin sharuɗɗan da aka ɗauka a cikin shari'ar da Project Veritas ya gabatar a cikin shekarar 2018. ) * Montana (yana buƙatar sanarwa kawai) <ref name="mt">{{Cite web |last=Montana Legislative Services |title=45-8-213. Privacy in communications |url=http://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/45/8/45-8-213.htm}}</ref> * New Hampshire * Oregon * (Ƙungiya ɗaya don sadarwar lantarki, ƙungiya biyu don tattaunawa ta cikin mutum. An yi mulki a cikin 2023 don keta Dokar Farko a cikin shari'ar da Project Veritas ya shigar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=PROJECT VERITAS V. SCHMIDT (No.22-35271) |url=https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2023/07/03/22-35271.pdf}}</ref> ) * Pennsylvania * Washington (duk da haka, sashe na uku na dokar Washington ya faɗi cewa ana ba da izini idan ɗaya daga cikin ɓangarorin ya sanar da cewa za su yi rikodin kiran ta hanyar da ta dace idan rikodin ya ƙunshi wannan sanarwar). <ref>{{Cite web |title=RCW 9.73.030: Intercepting, recording, or divulging private communication—Consent required—Exceptions. |url=https://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=9.73.030 |access-date=15 May 2019 |website=apps.leg.wa.gov}}</ref> === Yarjejeniyar jam'iyya daya ta bayyana === Jihohin yarda guda ɗaya sune: <ref name="RCFP"/>   Wasu jihohi sun bambanta tsakanin sadarwa ta hanyar lantarki da ta cikin mutum. Misali, Illinois da Oregon jihohin yarda ɗaya ne don sadarwar lantarki, amma suna buƙatar izinin duk wani ɓangare don sadarwa ta cikin mutum kai tsaye, tare da ƴan keɓe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 1, 2012 |title=Oregon |url=https://www.rcfp.org/reporters-recording-guide/state-state-guide/oregon |access-date=September 28, 2017 |publisher=[[Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press]]}}</ref> Kotun Koli ta California ta yanke hukunci a shekara ta 2006 cewa idan mai kira a cikin jam'iyya ɗaya ya rubuta tattaunawa da wani a California, mai kiran jam'iyya ɗaya yana ƙarƙashin tsauraran dokoki kuma dole ne ya sami izini daga duk masu kira (cf. ''Kearney). v. Salomon Smith Barney Inc.'', 39 Cal. 4th 95 ). Duk da haka, ana iya yin rikodin rashin bayyanawa daga ɗayan bangarorin a doka idan ɗayan yana barazanar satar mutane, ƙwace, cin hanci, [[Safarar Mutane|fataucin mutane]], ko wani mummunan tashin hankali. Har ila yau, an haɗa a cikin ban da rashin kuskure da barazanar rauni ga mutane ko dukiya ta hanyar na'urar sadarwa ta lantarki (yawanci ta waya) idan an umurce ta gaba ɗaya ko wani ɓangare zuwa ga mahalarta tattaunawa ko ƴan uwa. Bayan hukuncin Kotun Koli ta Illinois a cikin ''Mutane v. Clark/Melongo'' a ranar 20 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 2014, wanda ya rushe dokar amincewar jam'iyyun biyu na Illinois, Illinois ta kasance jihar amincewar jam'iyya daya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=People v. Melongo |url=http://www.illinoiscourts.gov/Opinions/SupremeCourt/2014/114852.pdf}}</ref> Koyaya, majalisar dokokin jihar ta gyara dokar kuma, tun daga ranar 30 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 2014, Illinois ta sake zama jihar amincewar jam'iyyun biyu don sadarwar da ba ta lantarki ba. <ref name="ilga.gov"/> Kotun daukaka kara ta Michigan ta yanke hukunci a cikin shekara ta 1982 cewa masu shiga cikin tattaunawa na iya yin rikodin tattaunawa ba tare da samun izinin sauran mahalarta ba. Hukuncin ya bayyana cewa sauraron sauraren karar ya shafi: "wani bangare na uku da ba a saurara a cikin tattaunawar ba". Wannan shi ne saboda doka ta yi amfani da kalmar, "bayanan sirri na wasu", maimakon kalmomin, "bayanan sirri na wasu ''ko tare da wasu'' " . <ref name="publicdocs">{{Cite web |date=August 21, 2003 |title=State of Michigan Court of Appeals |url=http://publicdocs.courts.mi.gov/OPINIONS/FINAL/COA/20030821_C234723_55_161O.234723.OPN.COA.PDF |access-date=September 28, 2017 |publisher=publicdocs.courts.mi.gov}}</ref> Yawancin lokaci ana fassara dokar Michigan kamar yadda ake buƙatar izinin duk bangarorin tattaunawa. <ref name="dmlp">{{Cite web |title=Michigan Recording Law &#124; Digital Media Law Project |url=http://www.dmlp.org/legal-guide/michigan-recording-law |access-date=September 28, 2017 |publisher=dmlp.org}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2019, Kotun Gundumar Amurka ta amince da shari'ar Kotun Daukaka Kara ta Michigan ta a shekarar 1982, amma ta annabta cewa Kotun Koli ta Michigan za ta yanke shawarar cewa mahalarta cikin tattaunawa ba za su iya yin rikodin tattaunawa ba tare da amincewar dukkan bangarorin ba, don haka ta yanke hukuncin cewa Michigan na buƙatar amincewar dukkan bangarorin., haifar da rarrabuwa tsakanin kotuna daban-daban. <ref>{{Cite web |date=Jun 14, 2019 |title=Michigan v. Project Veritas |url=https://casetext.com/case/michigan-v-project-veritas-5 |access-date=November 28, 2023}}</ref> Duk da haka, a cikin shekarar 2021, Kotun Gundumar Amurka ta juya kanta ta hanyar sake nazari, a wani bangare saboda Babban Mai Shari'a na Michigan yana neman kotun ta yi hakan, kuma ta warware rarrabuwar kawuna a tsakanin kotuna ta hanyar canza hukuncinta zuwa Michigan ta ba da damar wata ƙungiya a cikin tattaunawa. yi rikodin tattaunawa ba tare da samun izinin sauran mahalarta ba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=Nov 8, 2021 |title=AFT Mich. v. Project Veritas |url=https://casetext.com/case/aft-mich-v-project-veritas-4 |access-date=November 28, 2023}}</ref> === Siffofin rikodi na sanarwar da kamfanin waya suka karɓa === Hukumar Sadarwa ta Tarayya ta fayyace nau'ikan sanarwar da aka karɓa don yin rikodin tarho ta kamfanonin waya kamar: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Subpart E--Use of Recording Devices by Telephone Companies |url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2010-title47-vol3/pdf/CFR-2010-title47-vol3-sec64-501.pdf |access-date=September 28, 2017 |publisher=United States Government Publishing Office}}</ref> * sanarwa ta baki (baki) ko rubutacciyar sanarwa na duk bangarorin tattaunawar tarho; * sanarwa na baka (na baka) kafin a yi rikodin (wannan shine nau'in da aka fi amfani da shi); * sautin ƙara mai ji mai maimaitawa a lokaci-lokaci yayin kiran. == Duba kuma == * Na'urar sauraron ɓoyayyiya * Sauraron saurare * Hacking na waya * Amintaccen tarho * Latsa waya == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.fcc.gov/cgb/consumerfacts/recordcalls.html Bayanan masu amfani da FCC akan rikodin kira] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120111100456/http://www.privacyrights.org/fs/fs9-wrtp.htm Tsare Haƙƙin Keɓantawa / UCAN] * [https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/2511- Dokar tarayya 18 USC 119, Sec. 2511 (2) (d)] * [http://fixyourthinking.com/2004/01/recording-phone-call-laws-by-state.html Cikakken Maganar Rikodin Dokar Waya] * [http://www.priv.gc.ca/resource/fs-fi/02_05_d_14_e.asp Sharuɗɗa don yin rikodin kiran wayar abokin ciniki] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] mhh443jixy5fiih9goa7pfk4nvldtdk 0 88344 550000 549153 2024-12-02T05:23:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 550000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Filz''' wani ''Ortsgemeinde'' ne - wata ƙaramar hukuma ce ta ''Verbandsgemeinde'', karamar hukuka - a cikin gundumar Cochem-Zell a Rhineland-Palatinate, [[Jamus]] . Tana cikin <nowiki><i id="mwdw">Verbandsgemeinde</i></nowiki> na Ulmen, wanda wurin zama yake a cikin garin mai suna Filz. == Yanayin ƙasa == Garin yana cikin Kudancin Eifel, da Kuma kudancin Ulmen da gabashin Daun. == Tarihi == Mai mulkin ƙaramar hukumar a Zamanin Tsakiya shine Electorate na Trier . Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Filz ta kasance a Ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A shekara ta 1815 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna, ya zama wani ɓangare na Lardin Rhine na wannan masarautar. Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ta kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta ƙunshi mambobi 6 na majalisa, waɗanda aka zaba ta hanyar ƙuri'un da suka fi yawa a zaɓen birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Filz shine Helmut Römer . === Alamar makamai === .Ana iya bayyana [[Coat of arms|makamai]] na gari kamar haka: Tierced a cikin mantle, dexter azure takobi mai laushi, pommel zuwa shugaban, argent, sinister gules ma'aikatan bishop mai laushi da kuma dexter motar da ke da baki bakwai Ko, kuma a tushe Ko kunnen alkama mai laushi biyu. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == === Gine-gine === Waɗannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin [[Rhineland-Palatinate]]'s Directory of Cultural Monuments: * Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Catherine da Saint Nicholas (cocin reshe; Filialkirche St. Katharina und Nikolaus), Hauptstraße 25 - cocin da ba shi da hanya, game da 1730 * Ringstraße 14: gine-ginen gida; gini tare da rufin rabin, daga 1849 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.swr.de/landesschau-rp/hierzuland/-/id=100766/nid=100766/did=3799252/j3buo1/index.html Takaitaccen hoto na Filz tare da fim] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312104906/http://www.swr.de/landesschau-rp/hierzuland/-/id=100766/nid=100766/did=3799252/j3buo1/index.html |date=2016-03-12 }} a SWR Fernsehen (a cikin Jamusanci) iku156rtrantczr3jpq7bf6zkg4dr56 0 88376 549428 2024-12-01T12:37:27Z TechieUSI 21299 Sabuwar Mukala 549428 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Siha (Kibongoto)''' Daga Wikipedia, encyclopedia na kyauta '''Siha''' ko '''Masarautar Siha''' kuma wani lokaci ana kiranta da '''Kibongoto''' (''Kwamangi wa Siha a cikin Kichagga''), (Ufalme wa Siha a cikin Swahili) jihar Chagga ce mai tarihi mai tarihi wacce ke cikin gundumar Machame Kaskazini na zamani a gundumar Hai na yankin Kilimanjaro a Tanzaniya. Siha yana yamma da tudun Ushira akan Dutsen Kilimanjaro.[1] Kalmar Mangi tana nufin sarki a Kichagga.<ref> "Chagga people- history, religion, culture and more". the United Republic of Tanzania. 2021. Retrieved 2023-04-08.</ref><ref> R.O. "The Chagga and Their Chiefs – History of the Chagga People of Kilimanjaro. By Kathleen M. Stahl. The Hague: Mouton, 1964. Pp. 394, Maps. 32 Guilders.” The Journal of African History, vol. 5, no. 3, 1964, pp. 462–464., doi:10.1017/S0021853700005181.</ref> An san masarautar da Mangi Ngalami wanda aka rataye shi tare da wasu Shugabannin jahohin Chagga guda 18 ciki har da Mangi Meli, ta mulkin mallaka na Jamus a 1900.<ref> Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 75. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref><ref> Cana, Frank R. “German East Africa and It's Future." Journal of the Royal African Society, vol. 17, no. 66, 1918, pp. 125–35. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/716055. Accessed 16 Apr. 2023.</ref><ref> Yonge, Brian. "The rise and fall of the Chagga empire." Kenya Past and Present 11.1 (1979): 43–48.</ref> ==Dubawa (Overview)== Cibiyar tarwatsewa mafi girma a Kilimanjaro ita ce babban tudun Shira, wani babban fili mai tsayin daka wanda aka yi a gefen tsauni ta hanyar tsaunukan tsaunuka. Ga matafiya masu zuwa, filin tudu ya zama wurin hutawa na halitta. Sun iso daga gaba da kewayen dutsen ta wata hanya ta yamma, suna zagawa a kan babban savanna da ke saman layin dajin.<ref> Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 57. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref> Har ila yau, akwai yiwuwar wasu mutane sun kaura zuwa wurin daga yankunan da a baya suke zaune a yankin arewa da ba kowa a yanzu na Kilimanjaro don gujewa ciyayi mai albarka a can, wanda ke da illa na fuskantar hare-hare daga al'ummomin da ke gaba da juna. Wasu sun shiga yankin Siha kuma suka yi ƙaura a hankali zuwa gabas yayin da suke manne da tsaunuka masu tsayi har a wurare daban-daban na faɗuwa da dama, suka sami hanyar gangarowa ta bel ɗin dajin don tabbatar da kansu na dindindin a wurare daban-daban na tsaunuka na Siha. <ref>Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 57. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref> Wasu kuma suka gangara suka bazu a ƙasan layin dajin, suka zauna har abada a cikin yankin ƙasar tudu. Daga yamma zuwa gabas, waɗannan su ne tsofaffin Samake, Mane, Kichicha, Sumu, Nguni, da Kyuu; Ƙarƙashin waɗannan, ƙaramar tudu, waɗannan sune Mrau, Komboko, Old Wanri, da Mae. Dukkansu sun rayu ne a cikin kananan masarautun Petty masu cin gashin kansu da ake kira mitaa.<ref>Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 57. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref> ==Etymology== Ko da yake yankin a wani lokaci ana kiransa Kibongoto. Sunan da ya gabata, Siha, har yanzu mazauna wurin suna amfani da shi akai-akai a yau. Haka kuma an san ta da wannan suna, kuma mutanen Useri ne suka kira shi "Sita". Ganin cewa yana can a wajen Kilimanjaro, mai tsayi a kusurwar daji, sunan "Sita" na iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da kalmar Maasai "La Sita," wanda ke nufin "wani abu da ke ɓoye a kusurwa" ko "kasa mai boye." Ana iya amfani da Siha maimakon kalmar “yankin Shira plateau” saboda sunan da al’ummar da ke wurin suke amfani da shi a kodayaushe.<ref> Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 59. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref> Kalmar “Shira” ko “Sira” da aka yi amfani da ita a karrni na 19 watakila ta fito ne daga Siha. Kabilar Nguni da Kyuu na yankin, da ma sauran al'ummomi, gaba ɗaya ana kiransu "Siha" a yau. Ƙari ga haka, tana nufin masarautar Siha, wacce ta keɓance Nguni da Kyuu, ƙungiyar haɗin kai ta kwanan nan a ƙarshen 1950s. Masarautar kuma ana kiranta da sunan Kibongoto, wanda bakin haure na farko na Turawa da suka isa can suka yi kuskuren kiransa da sunan Komboko mtaa. A kan taswirori na zamani da kuma a cikin bayanan gudanarwa, Kibongoto shine sunan da ake amfani dashi a halin yanzu, duk da haka akan dutse, ana amfani da Siha koyaushe a maimakon haka. An ba wa gundumar Siha sunan tsohuwar masarauta.<ref> Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 59. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref><ref> Chuhila, Maxmillian Julius. "Language and Socio-Cultural Identities in Kilimanjaro." Social Analysis: The International Journal of Anthropology, vol. 63, no. 1, 2019, pp. 104–07. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/26952442. Accessed 16 Apr. 2023.</ref> ==Manyan dangin Siha== Kakanni na farko sun sauko kuma suka zauna a wata takamaiman mtaa, kuma zuriyarsu suna zaune lafiya tare da juna tun daga lokacin. Kabila sun kasance masu ƙarfi kuma har yanzu suna da. Kabilar ''Orio'', ''Kileo'', da ''Masaki'' har yanzu suna aiki a tsohon Samake, tare da dangin ''Nkini'' da ''Mmari'' a Mane, dangin ''Nathai'' a Nguni, dangin ''Munoo'' a Kyuu, da dangin ''Mwandri'' a tsohuwar Wanri. Akwai yan dangin Mmari wadanda ke zaune a Maene, Komboko, Mrau, tsohon Wanri, da Mae.<ref>Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 59. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref> Kabilar Mmari suna da maza masu biyan haraji 500 a 1960. Babban abin da suka fi mayar da hankali shi ne a cikin mtaa Mrau, kusa da Samake, inda suka kasance kusan 150 daga cikin 600 masu biyan haraji na mtaa, wanda ya mai da su dangi mafi yawan jama'a. Sabanin haka, dangin Nkini da Kileo suna da masu biyan haraji 50 da 60, kuma dangin Nathai suna da masu biyan haraji kusan 100.<ref>Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 59. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref> Duk da haka, waɗannan lambobin ba su da kyau idan aka kwatanta da girman manyan dangogin da ke yankin gabashin Kikafu. Zai zama abin ban sha'awa a gano idan girman girman dangin na ƙarshe yana da alaƙa da yadda suka shigo ƙasar cikin rukuni, maimakon guda ɗaya, kuma sun yi tarayya da kakanni guda ɗaya, wanda zai iya haifar da ɗabi'a ta samar da wata ƙungiya. 'yan ƙalilan manya ne maimakon ƙanana da yawa waɗanda ƴan isowar kakanni ɗaya suka samar.<ref>Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 59. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref> Duk dangin Siha sun yi imanin cewa sun fito ne daga tudun Shira. Sun ba da misali da cewa wuraren ibadarsu suna kan tudu kuma har yanzu akwai sauran ragowar wannan matsugunan da suka gabata a can, kamar guraben ruwa, ramuka, da dasa shuki na Chagga sacred plant masale (dracaena fragrans). A da, suna zaune a ko'ina cikin tudu, tare da mazauna Usseri suna amfani da ɗayan. Suna kiwon dabbobi kuma suna zaune a kan tsaunuka masu tsayi lokacin da akwai ƙarin wuraren buɗe ido. Tun daga wannan lokacin, daji yana girma sama da ƙasa.<ref> Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 60. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref> Tsakanin iyalai, babu dangin dangi ko wata alaƙar kakanni. Duk da haka, an yarda cewa dangin Nkini ne suka fara barin tudu suka zauna a Siha. An tuna da tsararraki bakwai tun daga kakan Nkini na farko a cikin wannan, dangi mafi shahara da girmamawa. Ya sauko ne daga wani wuri da ke kan tudu da ake kira Wawa, wani buɗaɗɗen wuri mai jajayen ƙazanta da ke zama kaɗai tushen ocher a yankin. An kewaye shi da tsire-tsire masu yawa da bamboo masu yawa.<ref>Stahl, Kathleen (1964). History of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro. London: Mouton and Co. p. 60. ISBN 0-520-06698-7.</ref> ==Manazarta== 0pue8t2fj4z7zyk8rbg40jig0hwhj2f 0 88377 549454 2024-12-01T14:00:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru. 549454 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru. 3riuhfl19mb1gtjbwrk16byxw51vnau 549482 549454 2024-12-01T15:49:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula". hzz35yy8vpof36ztyd9njwxlnfnkvj4 549483 549482 2024-12-01T15:50:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son. cmj5jknixyiefrr1ikt5gvstcu69ab0 549486 549483 2024-12-01T15:51:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964. cnrdwxm89gtr7ih1waaamhzylx997pt 549489 549486 2024-12-01T15:51:42Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982. dyffza0auoqtbc28zscp4a9l7bxfpxa 549491 549489 2024-12-01T15:52:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982. cocbejj5hy3zopb4sijz7dbdtkjicgh 549492 549491 2024-12-01T15:52:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549492 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa. ecsh17f8g4lpfdpgb66wo4r5v1hiij6 549495 549492 2024-12-01T15:53:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549495 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. l7bz6hn3psm89cfsimo7a1zj0s90t3o 549497 549495 2024-12-01T15:53:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148. qwdur2sseckrg09wgiusm7r5wvwsmee 549554 549497 2024-12-01T17:45:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu. 6i1fkxevltexf9behibm78robo7r1c6 549555 549554 2024-12-01T17:46:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. 3nd1olzwg5r173wpzh0r0z6zodva91b 549556 549555 2024-12-01T17:46:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== 3bpf1hguiw3uxpyk8mor9ucuz057r7k 549557 549556 2024-12-01T17:47:27Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref></ref> gzqzgrmttisji8dj1bwmivc8x5q2s67 549558 549557 2024-12-01T17:47:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref> 4pr0zfncparhy1jzmm5jdpec3zbu2zr 549560 549558 2024-12-01T17:51:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida. 04teu5w6iwf8fk62f8nkugld8gch92s 549561 549560 2024-12-01T17:52:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa. 9o97xkmea5gwkkrto6916hk2snagzye 549562 549561 2024-12-01T17:53:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> ru7izb33rwnfx752e6xqn2ej1162h60 549563 549562 2024-12-01T17:53:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery. f9b2txzpaj4f5975edr76oakr0yf60z 549564 549563 2024-12-01T17:54:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17. m8cce0pteaktejpsnlr5u88g9nvq421 549566 549564 2024-12-01T17:54:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> 5if2d9uhdu91udulc43zwdn6w9pobrs 549567 549566 2024-12-01T17:55:23Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane. eniigt7td1tqxghm7gxgdv4ye8zsnp8 549569 549567 2024-12-01T17:56:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref> mjslsogpadzx8ei32lehp014y8nmxbc 549570 549569 2024-12-01T17:57:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549570 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila. btaxh3vg8jy2wdzt2a1vtuedi8e83ei 549571 549570 2024-12-01T17:57:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549571 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> 52o4icf807a012rcwnmu1wzvb4twjo5 549572 549571 2024-12-01T17:58:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549572 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta. pchcqjtl6v5ulnei9uoxgbzxwtxvmdt 549573 549572 2024-12-01T17:59:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga. piccp6clz8ri9ymel2c08p6if42a51x 549575 549573 2024-12-01T17:59:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549575 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi. 4m8pq6mxhca6jt7d3yk4jaxc1webat9 549576 549575 2024-12-01T18:00:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549576 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> 4h3596i9mkhkgo9dxo6l5vnn56j4mu0 549577 549576 2024-12-01T18:02:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== 0j2hq04mtessyxg6hiegffooueidmxl 549578 549577 2024-12-01T18:03:23Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa. 77jejx28znh3yssjdr5eebebw6a9piq 549579 549578 2024-12-01T18:03:53Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978. o2sh2g7xb35v5shnt4gc30y7dfcd2yu 549580 549579 2024-12-01T18:04:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549580 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref> 60meozr0tiz72b8h7notp2x1lgynqsf 549581 549580 2024-12-01T18:06:11Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney. n3n6te6o17mjbcqrwsppea0gg3qsy1t 549582 549581 2024-12-01T18:06:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref> 11z9y1cvgmi029539kuw2gy54hf767m 549583 549582 2024-12-01T18:07:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549583 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955. cjcz7cvvxvnnava0jk2l2vafj9nw31d 549584 549583 2024-12-01T18:08:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549584 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref> 4biav83ndxpjtwuls29lp15jp6im9cs 549585 549584 2024-12-01T18:08:53Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11. arvuh160m8w9on2asoyhoms7qv5aqrr 549586 549585 2024-12-01T18:10:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref> 8zirblkwxn69ahw8slsfl8niorcbiff 549587 549586 2024-12-01T18:10:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son. tu1pb19nap6ory0mgxqbywga9voezll 549588 549587 2024-12-01T18:11:43Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref> oq8ar9s5dd3n6092upjjkntelp41jet 549589 549588 2024-12-01T18:12:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle." 45lgx7yz7seemp5a0hpty5jg93whmi6 549590 549589 2024-12-01T18:12:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> 2xk252ur7s2u5ogrxmp3066fk7abk07 549591 549590 2024-12-01T18:13:23Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa. j5oz9d1f6diseg5o8ms92xiqepcmk6z 549592 549591 2024-12-01T18:13:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe. 74xhjpbcfhkpzslgszw2v7zaoa9zenq 549593 549592 2024-12-01T18:14:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ra73e7d99jur67ioihthi1mfo21ogd7 549594 549593 2024-12-01T18:15:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== lvn2ba20vxvjgng2t1css9tybiqj5g8 549595 549594 2024-12-01T18:15:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Six times world snooker champion''' stddj3d960o3tct1qng972zxcrcuil7 549596 549595 2024-12-01T18:16:25Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549596 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' ly1hs5113z99r13x5dbl2apjwxul0iv 549597 549596 2024-12-01T18:16:58Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre. 7faygnfnl5ktc78m5zzidg8slyitsz2 549598 549597 2024-12-01T18:17:25Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967. iwtefmk657wsy1kb25tgi225rj0ek9c 549599 549598 2024-12-01T18:17:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1. thi8jpoeybuttw3yhtmucmdnsnfmswe 549600 549599 2024-12-01T18:18:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> 553hzsxb63mw6ptaoq3gjcosvv2bxfo 549601 549600 2024-12-01T18:20:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent. rvy4yx0xgbps6ks8uu70c6d5g6cjd2f 549602 549601 2024-12-01T18:21:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref> ir03wqvhdeo57ujvxhxdv0toojor0jw 549603 549602 2024-12-01T18:21:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya. gols8f1kbjkmzoi1p2hw0ywuavd1pd1 549605 549603 2024-12-01T18:22:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref> cd6txy2qpdnmbtbxohkwisz8pzpu5pn 549606 549605 2024-12-01T18:22:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara. obaewr5f7ltcqyzylxyjv5g05z3gv7u 549607 549606 2024-12-01T18:23:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref> oq0ylpl7qh3uhm7gfczrow7rl9u52od 549608 549607 2024-12-01T18:26:08Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta. tldfze4fuympsi3getxww2clovyy7zb 549609 549608 2024-12-01T18:26:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya. rri9jcuf1bdq7a3pxy1imu7m6kg857a 549610 549609 2024-12-01T18:27:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> sqrvanhgr8ay6716df3kek1hkn0nl32 549611 549610 2024-12-01T18:36:37Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba. 098ejtqa61pob573d4zgefpzpgayjot 549612 549611 2024-12-01T18:37:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> 6ke4xrwpu5s1pkk5p5kej4ehn67e4vw 549615 549612 2024-12-01T18:38:53Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu. q73r68h60elmdllxcv2m9y6owst6htr 549616 549615 2024-12-01T18:39:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> iti0w168pbmg04rsirx9agutb6ggd1c 549617 549616 2024-12-01T18:40:31Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci. jyv5mxyddw0pfah0fvevgsrq68bh0qv 549619 549617 2024-12-01T18:40:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> g8c27mv4khhz739ba01cfkry4geowdd 549620 549619 2024-12-01T18:42:23Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe. 6z0dh74g23ubu58u3noaejqoc602m6z 549621 549620 2024-12-01T18:42:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> d2hki571ovr37k7ldb34x2jrpgpjlcz 549622 549621 2024-12-01T18:43:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe. d42ibu2cygkpqz0cqu45x3dyywkb0pt 549623 549622 2024-12-01T18:44:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120228200020/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/matchplay.html</ref> 23mg4u0zytc4mnfzkc3tqc8uk29hlcp 549624 549623 2024-12-01T18:45:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120228200020/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/matchplay.html</ref> Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na 1977, inda ya doke Williams 4–1 a wasan kusa dana karshe da Miles 5–2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya sha kashi na karshe da ci 6–7 a hannun Doug Mountjoy. Hakanan ya kasance na biyu a gasar 1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland, ya yi rashin nasara da ci 2 – 5 a hannun Higgins. Nasarar nasarar Reardon a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta ƙare a cikin 1977 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Crucible a Sheffield, [a] lokacin da ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Spencer a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da ci 6–13; Wannan ne karon farko da ya sha kashi a gasar cin kofin duniya tun bayan da Williams ya sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe a shekarar 1972. di09bxr7lcc52dbiqzad12tzxm7c5nw 549625 549624 2024-12-01T18:46:05Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120228200020/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/matchplay.html</ref> Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na 1977, inda ya doke Williams 4–1 a wasan kusa dana karshe da Miles 5–2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya sha kashi na karshe da ci 6–7 a hannun Doug Mountjoy. Hakanan ya kasance na biyu a gasar 1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland, ya yi rashin nasara da ci 2 – 5 a hannun Higgins. Nasarar nasarar Reardon a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta ƙare a cikin 1977 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Crucible a Sheffield, [a] lokacin da ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Spencer a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da ci 6–13; Wannan ne karon farko da ya sha kashi a gasar cin kofin duniya tun bayan da Williams ya sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe a shekarar 1972.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130124071753/http://www.snookerscene.co.uk/page.php?id=36</ref> d2x7frsvjind0cn142tzug7hx248igq 549626 549625 2024-12-01T18:46:57Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120228200020/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/matchplay.html</ref> Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na 1977, inda ya doke Williams 4–1 a wasan kusa dana karshe da Miles 5–2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya sha kashi na karshe da ci 6–7 a hannun Doug Mountjoy. Hakanan ya kasance na biyu a gasar 1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland, ya yi rashin nasara da ci 2 – 5 a hannun Higgins. Nasarar nasarar Reardon a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta ƙare a cikin 1977 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Crucible a Sheffield, [a] lokacin da ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Spencer a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da ci 6–13; Wannan ne karon farko da ya sha kashi a gasar cin kofin duniya tun bayan da Williams ya sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe a shekarar 1972.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130124071753/http://www.snookerscene.co.uk/page.php?id=36</ref> Reardon ya sake samun kambun duniya a shekarar 1978 a Sheffield; Bayan ya murmure daga 2–7 kasa ya doke Mountjoy da ci 13–9 a zagaye na 16 na karshe, ya doke Bill Werbeniuk da ci 13–6, Charlton 18–14, da Mans 25–18 a wasan karshe don daga kofin na shida da na karshe. lokaci. Reardon yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, shi ne dan wasan da ya fi dadewa a gasar Snooker ta Duniya, tarihin da ya dade har zuwa 2022 lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe taken yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kafa wannan rikodin, Reardon ya sake samun kambun Ƙwararrun Pontins, inda ya ɗauki shi a karo na huɗu cikin shekaru biyar, inda ya doke Spencer 7-2 a wasan karshe. A wannan shekarar, tsohon abokin hamayyarsa daga Tredegar, Wilson, ya lashe Gasar Amateur ta Duniya. a6rlbc2a5bc9ljbvpb8mc9424xuh6wj 549627 549626 2024-12-01T18:47:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120228200020/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/matchplay.html</ref> Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na 1977, inda ya doke Williams 4–1 a wasan kusa dana karshe da Miles 5–2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya sha kashi na karshe da ci 6–7 a hannun Doug Mountjoy. Hakanan ya kasance na biyu a gasar 1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland, ya yi rashin nasara da ci 2 – 5 a hannun Higgins. Nasarar nasarar Reardon a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta ƙare a cikin 1977 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Crucible a Sheffield, [a] lokacin da ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Spencer a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da ci 6–13; Wannan ne karon farko da ya sha kashi a gasar cin kofin duniya tun bayan da Williams ya sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe a shekarar 1972.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130124071753/http://www.snookerscene.co.uk/page.php?id=36</ref> Reardon ya sake samun kambun duniya a shekarar 1978 a Sheffield; Bayan ya murmure daga 2–7 kasa ya doke Mountjoy da ci 13–9 a zagaye na 16 na karshe, ya doke Bill Werbeniuk da ci 13–6, Charlton 18–14, da Mans 25–18 a wasan karshe don daga kofin na shida da na karshe. lokaci. Reardon yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, shi ne dan wasan da ya fi dadewa a gasar Snooker ta Duniya, tarihin da ya dade har zuwa 2022 lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe taken yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kafa wannan rikodin, Reardon ya sake samun kambun Ƙwararrun Pontins, inda ya ɗauki shi a karo na huɗu cikin shekaru biyar, inda ya doke Spencer 7-2 a wasan karshe. A wannan shekarar, tsohon abokin hamayyarsa daga Tredegar, Wilson, ya lashe Gasar Amateur ta Duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (1985). Snooker: The Records. Enfield: Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 978-0-85112-448-3.</ref> mzz647yp7d7waw8slsegrsjgo0mwvol 549634 549627 2024-12-01T18:52:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549634 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120228200020/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/matchplay.html</ref> Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na 1977, inda ya doke Williams 4–1 a wasan kusa dana karshe da Miles 5–2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya sha kashi na karshe da ci 6–7 a hannun Doug Mountjoy. Hakanan ya kasance na biyu a gasar 1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland, ya yi rashin nasara da ci 2 – 5 a hannun Higgins. Nasarar nasarar Reardon a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta ƙare a cikin 1977 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Crucible a Sheffield, [a] lokacin da ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Spencer a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da ci 6–13; Wannan ne karon farko da ya sha kashi a gasar cin kofin duniya tun bayan da Williams ya sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe a shekarar 1972.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130124071753/http://www.snookerscene.co.uk/page.php?id=36</ref> Reardon ya sake samun kambun duniya a shekarar 1978 a Sheffield; Bayan ya murmure daga 2–7 kasa ya doke Mountjoy da ci 13–9 a zagaye na 16 na karshe, ya doke Bill Werbeniuk da ci 13–6, Charlton 18–14, da Mans 25–18 a wasan karshe don daga kofin na shida da na karshe. lokaci. Reardon yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, shi ne dan wasan da ya fi dadewa a gasar Snooker ta Duniya, tarihin da ya dade har zuwa 2022 lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe taken yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kafa wannan rikodin, Reardon ya sake samun kambun Ƙwararrun Pontins, inda ya ɗauki shi a karo na huɗu cikin shekaru biyar, inda ya doke Spencer 7-2 a wasan karshe. A wannan shekarar, tsohon abokin hamayyarsa daga Tredegar, Wilson, ya lashe Gasar Amateur ta Duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (1985). Snooker: The Records. Enfield: Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 978-0-85112-448-3.</ref> ==Performance and rankings timeline== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;" ! Tournament ! [[1968–69 snooker season|1968/<br />69]] ! [[1969–70 snooker season|1969/<br />70]] ! [[1970–71 snooker season|1970/<br />71]] ! [[1971–72 snooker season|1971/<br />72]] ! [[1972–73 snooker season|1972/<br />73]] ! [[1973–74 snooker season|1973/<br />74]] ! [[1974–75 snooker season|1974/<br />75]] ! [[1975–76 snooker season|1975/<br />76]] ! [[1976–77 snooker season|1976/<br />77]] ! [[1977–78 snooker season|1977/<br />78]] ! [[1978–79 snooker season|1978/<br />79]] ! [[1979–80 snooker season|1979/<br />80]] ! [[1980–81 snooker season|1980/<br />81]] ! [[1981–82 snooker season|1981/<br />82]] ! [[1982–83 snooker season|1982/<br />83]] ! [[1983–84 snooker season|1983/<br />84]] ! [[1984–85 snooker season|1984/<br />85]] ! [[1985–86 snooker season|1985/<br />86]] ! [[1986–87 snooker season|1986/<br />87]] ! [[1987–88 snooker season|1987/<br />88]] ! [[1988–89 snooker season|1988/<br />89]] ! [[1989–90 snooker season|1989/<br />90]] ! [[1990–91 snooker season|1990/<br />91]] ! {{abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- | style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Snooker world rankings|Ranking]] | align="center" colspan="8" style="color:#555555;"|No ranking system | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1976/1977|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1977/1978|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1978/1979|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1979/1980|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1980/1981|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1981/1982|4]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1982/1983|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1983/1984|2]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1984/1985|5]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1985/1986|6]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1986/1987|15]]<!--Rankings to this year per Hayton & Dee 2004--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1987/1988|38]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1988--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1988/1989|40]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1988--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1989/1990|54]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1990--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1990/1991|74]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1990--> | align="center" |{{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=119–120}}<ref name="88R">{{cite magazine |title=WPBSA world rankings |magazine=Snooker Scene |date=June 1988 |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |pages=24–25 }}</ref><ref name="90R">{{cite magazine |title=The new world rankings |magazine=Snooker Scene |date=June 1990 |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |page=20 }}</ref> |- | colspan="25" | '''Ranking tournaments''' |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[World Open (snooker)|Grand Prix]]{{efn|The event was also called the Professional Players Tournament (1982/1983–1983/1984).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Professional Players Tournament, Grand Prix, LG Cup|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/GP.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155938/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/GP.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="14"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1982 Professional Players Tournament|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1983 Professional Players Tournament|3R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1984 Grand Prix (snooker)|3R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 Grand Prix (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Grand Prix (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 Grand Prix (snooker)|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Thailand Masters|Asian Open]]{{efn|name="THAI"|The event was also called the Thailand Masters (1983/1984–1986/1987 & 1991/1992) and the Asian Open (1989/1990–1992/1993).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Thailand Open, Thailand Classic, Thailand Masters|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Thai.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155548/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Thai.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="15"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="4"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="2"|Not Held | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Dubai Classic]]{{efn|name="DUB"|The event was also called the Dubai Masters (1988/1989).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Dubai Classic, Dubai Masters, Bahrain Snooker Championship|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/mideast.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107153823/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/mideast.html|archive-date=7 January 2012 |website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive }}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="20"|Tournament Not Held | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|NR | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[UK Championship]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="9"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="7"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 UK Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 UK Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 UK Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 UK Championship|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 UK Championship|1R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Classic (snooker)|Classic]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="11"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="4"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1984 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1985 Classic (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1989 Classic (snooker)|2R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[British Open (snooker)|British Open]]{{efn|name="BO"|The event was also called the British Gold Cup (1979/1980), Yamaha Organs Trophy (1980/1981) and International Masters (1981/1982–1983/1984).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=British Open Including British Gold Cup, Yamaha Organs Trophy and Yamaha International Masters|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/brit.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155129/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/brit.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="11"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="5"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 British Open|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 British Open|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 British Open|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 British Open|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1989 British Open|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[European Open (snooker)|European Open]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="20"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1989 European Open (snooker)|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[World Snooker Championship|World Championship]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="5"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1974 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1975 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1976 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1977 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1978 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1979 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1980 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1981 World Snooker Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1982 World Snooker Championship|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1983 World Snooker Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1985 World Snooker Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 World Snooker Championship|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 World Snooker Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- | colspan="25" | '''Non-ranking tournaments''' |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Scottish Masters]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="13"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1981 Scottish Masters|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1982 Scottish Masters|QF]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|NH | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[1990 European Grand Masters|European Grand Masters]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="22"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1990 European Grand Masters|F]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite magazine |author=<!--Not stated--> |title=Clark wins in Monte Carlo |magazine=Snooker Scene |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |date=February 1991 |page=31}}</ref> |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Masters (snooker)|The Masters]] |align="center" colspan="6" style="color:#555555;"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1975 Masters (snooker)|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1976 Masters (snooker)|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1977 Masters (snooker)|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1978 Masters (snooker)|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1979 Masters (snooker)|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1980 Masters (snooker)|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1981 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1982 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1983 Masters (snooker)|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1985 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Masters (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 Masters (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Irish Masters]]{{efn|The event was also called the Benson & Hedges Ireland Tournament (1974/1975–1976/1977).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Irish Masters|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/irishmast.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155735/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/irishmast.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="6"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland Tournament|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1978 Irish Masters|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1979 Irish Masters|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1980 Irish Masters|RR]] | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1981 Irish Masters|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1982 Irish Masters|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1983 Irish Masters|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 Irish Masters|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 Irish Masters|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Irish Masters|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | {{nowrap|[[Welsh Professional Championship]]}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="9"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|'''W''' | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|NH | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1980 Welsh Professional Championship|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1981 Welsh Professional Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1982 Welsh Professional Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1983 Welsh Professional Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1984 Welsh Professional Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1985 Welsh Professional Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1986 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1987 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1988 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1989 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1990 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1991 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[1984 Professional Snooker League|Professional Snooker League]]{{efn|The event was later called the [[Premier League Snooker|Premier League]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Turner |first=Chris|title=Premier/Matchroom League, Matchroom Championship League|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/league.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216154905/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/league.html|archive-date=16 February 2012 |website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive }}</ref>}} | colspan="15" style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1984 Professional Snooker League|RR]] | colspan="2" style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | align="center" |{{sfn|Everton|1984|pp=91–92}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Pontins Professional]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="5"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1974 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1975 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1976 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1977 Pontins Professional|RR]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1978 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1979 Pontins Professional|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1980 Pontins Professional|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1981 Pontins Professional|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1982 Pontins Professional|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1983 Pontins Professional|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1984 Pontins Professional|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1985 Pontins Professional|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1986 Pontins Professional|QF]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- | colspan="25" | '''Former ranking tournaments''' |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Canadian Masters (snooker)|Canadian Masters]]{{efn|name="CANO"|The event was also called the Canadian Open (1978/1979–1980/1981).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/canmast.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155138/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/canmast.html|archivedate=16 February 2012|title=Canadian Masters|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="6"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="7"|Non-Ranking | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="4"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="3"|Non-Ranking | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 Canadian Masters|1R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="2"|Not Held | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Scottish Open (snooker)|International Open]]{{efn|name="GOYA"|The event was also called the Goya Matchroom Trophy (1985/1986).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=International Open, Goya Matchroom Trophy|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/int.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155037/ht dlozrmchk0sn2j2fxo39nmnkiak8npy 549649 549634 2024-12-01T18:55:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549649 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120228200020/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/matchplay.html</ref> Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na 1977, inda ya doke Williams 4–1 a wasan kusa dana karshe da Miles 5–2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya sha kashi na karshe da ci 6–7 a hannun Doug Mountjoy. Hakanan ya kasance na biyu a gasar 1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland, ya yi rashin nasara da ci 2 – 5 a hannun Higgins. Nasarar nasarar Reardon a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta ƙare a cikin 1977 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Crucible a Sheffield, [a] lokacin da ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Spencer a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da ci 6–13; Wannan ne karon farko da ya sha kashi a gasar cin kofin duniya tun bayan da Williams ya sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe a shekarar 1972.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130124071753/http://www.snookerscene.co.uk/page.php?id=36</ref> Reardon ya sake samun kambun duniya a shekarar 1978 a Sheffield; Bayan ya murmure daga 2–7 kasa ya doke Mountjoy da ci 13–9 a zagaye na 16 na karshe, ya doke Bill Werbeniuk da ci 13–6, Charlton 18–14, da Mans 25–18 a wasan karshe don daga kofin na shida da na karshe. lokaci. Reardon yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, shi ne dan wasan da ya fi dadewa a gasar Snooker ta Duniya, tarihin da ya dade har zuwa 2022 lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe taken yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kafa wannan rikodin, Reardon ya sake samun kambun Ƙwararrun Pontins, inda ya ɗauki shi a karo na huɗu cikin shekaru biyar, inda ya doke Spencer 7-2 a wasan karshe. A wannan shekarar, tsohon abokin hamayyarsa daga Tredegar, Wilson, ya lashe Gasar Amateur ta Duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (1985). Snooker: The Records. Enfield: Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 978-0-85112-448-3.</ref> ==Performance and rankings timeline== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;" ! Tournament ! [[1968–69 snooker season|1968/<br />69]] ! [[1969–70 snooker season|1969/<br />70]] ! [[1970–71 snooker season|1970/<br />71]] ! [[1971–72 snooker season|1971/<br />72]] ! [[1972–73 snooker season|1972/<br />73]] ! [[1973–74 snooker season|1973/<br />74]] ! [[1974–75 snooker season|1974/<br />75]] ! [[1975–76 snooker season|1975/<br />76]] ! [[1976–77 snooker season|1976/<br />77]] ! [[1977–78 snooker season|1977/<br />78]] ! [[1978–79 snooker season|1978/<br />79]] ! [[1979–80 snooker season|1979/<br />80]] ! [[1980–81 snooker season|1980/<br />81]] ! [[1981–82 snooker season|1981/<br />82]] ! [[1982–83 snooker season|1982/<br />83]] ! [[1983–84 snooker season|1983/<br />84]] ! [[1984–85 snooker season|1984/<br />85]] ! [[1985–86 snooker season|1985/<br />86]] ! [[1986–87 snooker season|1986/<br />87]] ! [[1987–88 snooker season|1987/<br />88]] ! [[1988–89 snooker season|1988/<br />89]] ! [[1989–90 snooker season|1989/<br />90]] ! [[1990–91 snooker season|1990/<br />91]] ! {{abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- | style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Snooker world rankings|Ranking]] | align="center" colspan="8" style="color:#555555;"|No ranking system | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1976/1977|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1977/1978|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1978/1979|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1979/1980|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1980/1981|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1981/1982|4]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1982/1983|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1983/1984|2]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1984/1985|5]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1985/1986|6]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1986/1987|15]]<!--Rankings to this year per Hayton & Dee 2004--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1987/1988|38]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1988--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1988/1989|40]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1988--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1989/1990|54]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1990--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1990/1991|74]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1990--> | align="center" |{{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=119–120}}<ref name="88R">{{cite magazine |title=WPBSA world rankings |magazine=Snooker Scene |date=June 1988 |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |pages=24–25 }}</ref><ref name="90R">{{cite magazine |title=The new world rankings |magazine=Snooker Scene |date=June 1990 |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |page=20 }}</ref> |- | colspan="25" | '''Ranking tournaments''' |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[World Open (snooker)|Grand Prix]]{{efn|The event was also called the Professional Players Tournament (1982/1983–1983/1984).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Professional Players Tournament, Grand Prix, LG Cup|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/GP.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155938/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/GP.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="14"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1982 Professional Players Tournament|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1983 Professional Players Tournament|3R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1984 Grand Prix (snooker)|3R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 Grand Prix (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Grand Prix (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 Grand Prix (snooker)|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Thailand Masters|Asian Open]]{{efn|name="THAI"|The event was also called the Thailand Masters (1983/1984–1986/1987 & 1991/1992) and the Asian Open (1989/1990–1992/1993).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Thailand Open, Thailand Classic, Thailand Masters|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Thai.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155548/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Thai.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="15"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="4"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="2"|Not Held | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Dubai Classic]]{{efn|name="DUB"|The event was also called the Dubai Masters (1988/1989).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Dubai Classic, Dubai Masters, Bahrain Snooker Championship|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/mideast.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107153823/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/mideast.html|archive-date=7 January 2012 |website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive }}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="20"|Tournament Not Held | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|NR | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[UK Championship]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="9"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="7"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 UK Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 UK Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 UK Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 UK Championship|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 UK Championship|1R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Classic (snooker)|Classic]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="11"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="4"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1984 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1985 Classic (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1989 Classic (snooker)|2R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[British Open (snooker)|British Open]]{{efn|name="BO"|The event was also called the British Gold Cup (1979/1980), Yamaha Organs Trophy (1980/1981) and International Masters (1981/1982–1983/1984).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=British Open Including British Gold Cup, Yamaha Organs Trophy and Yamaha International Masters|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/brit.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155129/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/brit.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="11"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="5"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 British Open|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 British Open|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 British Open|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 British Open|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1989 British Open|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[European Open (snooker)|European Open]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="20"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1989 European Open (snooker)|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[World Snooker Championship|World Championship]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="5"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1974 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1975 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1976 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1977 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1978 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1979 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1980 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1981 World Snooker Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1982 World Snooker Championship|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1983 World Snooker Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1985 World Snooker Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 World Snooker Championship|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 World Snooker Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- | colspan="25" | '''Non-ranking tournaments''' |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Scottish Masters]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="13"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1981 Scottish Masters|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1982 Scottish Masters|QF]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|NH | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[1990 European Grand Masters|European Grand Masters]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="22"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1990 European Grand Masters|F]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite magazine |author=<!--Not stated--> |title=Clark wins in Monte Carlo |magazine=Snooker Scene |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |date=February 1991 |page=31}}</ref> |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Masters (snooker)|The Masters]] |align="center" colspan="6" style="color:#555555;"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1975 Masters (snooker)|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1976 Masters (snooker)|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1977 Masters (snooker)|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1978 Masters (snooker)|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1979 Masters (snooker)|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1980 Masters (snooker)|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1981 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1982 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1983 Masters (snooker)|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1985 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Masters (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 Masters (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Irish Masters]]{{efn|The event was also called the Benson & Hedges Ireland Tournament (1974/1975–1976/1977).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Irish Masters|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/irishmast.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155735/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/irishmast.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="6"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland Tournament|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1978 Irish Masters|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1979 Irish Masters|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1980 Irish Masters|RR]] | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1981 Irish Masters|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1982 Irish Masters|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1983 Irish Masters|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 Irish Masters|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 Irish Masters|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Irish Masters|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | {{nowrap|[[Welsh Professional Championship]]}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="9"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|'''W''' | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|NH | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1980 Welsh Professional Championship|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1981 Welsh Professional Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1982 Welsh Professional Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1983 Welsh Professional Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1984 Welsh Professional Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1985 Welsh Professional Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1986 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1987 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1988 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1989 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1990 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1991 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[1984 Professional Snooker League|Professional Snooker League]]{{efn|The event was later called the [[Premier League Snooker|Premier League]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Turner |first=Chris|title=Premier/Matchroom League, Matchroom Championship League|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/league.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216154905/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/league.html|archive-date=16 February 2012 |website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive }}</ref>}} | colspan="15" style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1984 Professional Snooker League|RR]] | colspan="2" style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | align="center" |{{sfn|Everton|1984|pp=91–92}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Pontins Professional]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="5"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1974 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1975 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1976 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1977 Pontins Professional|RR]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1978 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1979 Pontins Professional|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1980 Pontins Professional|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1981 Pontins Professional|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1982 Pontins Professional|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1983 Pontins Professional|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1984 Pontins Professional|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1985 Pontins Professional|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1986 Pontins Professional|QF]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- | colspan="25" | '''Former ranking tournaments''' |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Canadian Masters (snooker)|Canadian Masters]]{{efn|name="CANO"|The event was also called the Canadian Open (1978/1979–1980/1981).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/canmast.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155138/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/canmast.html|archivedate=16 February 2012|title=Canadian Masters|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="6"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="7"|Non-Ranking | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="4"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="3"|Non-Ranking | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 Canadian Masters|1R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="2"|Not Held | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- ==MANAZARTA== bnknqypd7lfhdg0fdzi1hud7eeewyxp 549654 549649 2024-12-01T18:59:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120228200020/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/matchplay.html</ref> Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na 1977, inda ya doke Williams 4–1 a wasan kusa dana karshe da Miles 5–2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya sha kashi na karshe da ci 6–7 a hannun Doug Mountjoy. Hakanan ya kasance na biyu a gasar 1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland, ya yi rashin nasara da ci 2 – 5 a hannun Higgins. Nasarar nasarar Reardon a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta ƙare a cikin 1977 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Crucible a Sheffield, [a] lokacin da ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Spencer a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da ci 6–13; Wannan ne karon farko da ya sha kashi a gasar cin kofin duniya tun bayan da Williams ya sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe a shekarar 1972.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130124071753/http://www.snookerscene.co.uk/page.php?id=36</ref> Reardon ya sake samun kambun duniya a shekarar 1978 a Sheffield; Bayan ya murmure daga 2–7 kasa ya doke Mountjoy da ci 13–9 a zagaye na 16 na karshe, ya doke Bill Werbeniuk da ci 13–6, Charlton 18–14, da Mans 25–18 a wasan karshe don daga kofin na shida da na karshe. lokaci. Reardon yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, shi ne dan wasan da ya fi dadewa a gasar Snooker ta Duniya, tarihin da ya dade har zuwa 2022 lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe taken yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kafa wannan rikodin, Reardon ya sake samun kambun Ƙwararrun Pontins, inda ya ɗauki shi a karo na huɗu cikin shekaru biyar, inda ya doke Spencer 7-2 a wasan karshe. A wannan shekarar, tsohon abokin hamayyarsa daga Tredegar, Wilson, ya lashe Gasar Amateur ta Duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (1985). Snooker: The Records. Enfield: Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 978-0-85112-448-3.</ref> ==Performance and rankings timeline== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;" ! Tournament ! [[1968–69 snooker season|1968/<br />69]] ! [[1969–70 snooker season|1969/<br />70]] ! [[1970–71 snooker season|1970/<br />71]] ! [[1971–72 snooker season|1971/<br />72]] ! [[1972–73 snooker season|1972/<br />73]] ! [[1973–74 snooker season|1973/<br />74]] ! [[1974–75 snooker season|1974/<br />75]] ! [[1975–76 snooker season|1975/<br />76]] ! [[1976–77 snooker season|1976/<br />77]] ! [[1977–78 snooker season|1977/<br />78]] ! [[1978–79 snooker season|1978/<br />79]] ! [[1979–80 snooker season|1979/<br />80]] ! [[1980–81 snooker season|1980/<br />81]] ! [[1981–82 snooker season|1981/<br />82]] ! [[1982–83 snooker season|1982/<br />83]] ! [[1983–84 snooker season|1983/<br />84]] ! [[1984–85 snooker season|1984/<br />85]] ! [[1985–86 snooker season|1985/<br />86]] ! [[1986–87 snooker season|1986/<br />87]] ! [[1987–88 snooker season|1987/<br />88]] ! [[1988–89 snooker season|1988/<br />89]] ! [[1989–90 snooker season|1989/<br />90]] ! [[1990–91 snooker season|1990/<br />91]] ! {{abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- | style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Snooker world rankings|Ranking]] | align="center" colspan="8" style="color:#555555;"|No ranking system | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1976/1977|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1977/1978|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1978/1979|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1979/1980|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1980/1981|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1981/1982|4]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1982/1983|1]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1983/1984|2]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1984/1985|5]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1985/1986|6]] | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1986/1987|15]]<!--Rankings to this year per Hayton & Dee 2004--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1987/1988|38]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1988--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1988/1989|40]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1988--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1989/1990|54]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1990--> | align="center" |[[Snooker world rankings 1990/1991|74]]<!---per ''Snooker Scene'' June 1990--> | align="center" |{{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=119–120}}<ref name="88R">{{cite magazine |title=WPBSA world rankings |magazine=Snooker Scene |date=June 1988 |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |pages=24–25 }}</ref><ref name="90R">{{cite magazine |title=The new world rankings |magazine=Snooker Scene |date=June 1990 |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |page=20 }}</ref> |- | colspan="25" | '''Ranking tournaments''' |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[World Open (snooker)|Grand Prix]]{{efn|The event was also called the Professional Players Tournament (1982/1983–1983/1984).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Professional Players Tournament, Grand Prix, LG Cup|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/GP.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155938/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/GP.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="14"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1982 Professional Players Tournament|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1983 Professional Players Tournament|3R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1984 Grand Prix (snooker)|3R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 Grand Prix (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Grand Prix (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 Grand Prix (snooker)|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Thailand Masters|Asian Open]]{{efn|name="THAI"|The event was also called the Thailand Masters (1983/1984–1986/1987 & 1991/1992) and the Asian Open (1989/1990–1992/1993).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Thailand Open, Thailand Classic, Thailand Masters|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Thai.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155548/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Thai.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="15"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="4"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="2"|Not Held | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Dubai Classic]]{{efn|name="DUB"|The event was also called the Dubai Masters (1988/1989).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Dubai Classic, Dubai Masters, Bahrain Snooker Championship|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/mideast.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107153823/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/mideast.html|archive-date=7 January 2012 |website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive }}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="20"|Tournament Not Held | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|NR | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[UK Championship]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="9"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="7"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 UK Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 UK Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 UK Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 UK Championship|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 UK Championship|1R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Classic (snooker)|Classic]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="11"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="4"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1984 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1985 Classic (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 Classic (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1989 Classic (snooker)|2R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[British Open (snooker)|British Open]]{{efn|name="BO"|The event was also called the British Gold Cup (1979/1980), Yamaha Organs Trophy (1980/1981) and International Masters (1981/1982–1983/1984).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=British Open Including British Gold Cup, Yamaha Organs Trophy and Yamaha International Masters|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/brit.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155129/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/brit.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="11"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="5"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 British Open|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 British Open|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 British Open|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 British Open|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1989 British Open|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[European Open (snooker)|European Open]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="20"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1989 European Open (snooker)|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[World Snooker Championship|World Championship]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="5"|Non-Ranking Event | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1974 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1975 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1976 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1977 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1978 World Snooker Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1979 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1980 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1981 World Snooker Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1982 World Snooker Championship|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1983 World Snooker Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 World Snooker Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1985 World Snooker Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 World Snooker Championship|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 World Snooker Championship|2R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|LQ | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- | colspan="25" | '''Non-ranking tournaments''' |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Scottish Masters]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="13"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1981 Scottish Masters|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1982 Scottish Masters|QF]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|NH | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[1990 European Grand Masters|European Grand Masters]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="22"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1990 European Grand Masters|F]] | align="center" |<ref>{{cite magazine |author=<!--Not stated--> |title=Clark wins in Monte Carlo |magazine=Snooker Scene |publisher=Everton's News Agency |location=Birmingham |date=February 1991 |page=31}}</ref> |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Masters (snooker)|The Masters]] |align="center" colspan="6" style="color:#555555;"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1975 Masters (snooker)|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1976 Masters (snooker)|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1977 Masters (snooker)|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1978 Masters (snooker)|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1979 Masters (snooker)|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1980 Masters (snooker)|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1981 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1982 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1983 Masters (snooker)|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1985 Masters (snooker)|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Masters (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1987 Masters (snooker)|1R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Irish Masters]]{{efn|The event was also called the Benson & Hedges Ireland Tournament (1974/1975–1976/1977).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|title=Irish Masters|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/irishmast.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155735/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/irishmast.html|archive-date=16 February 2012|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="6"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland Tournament|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1978 Irish Masters|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1979 Irish Masters|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1980 Irish Masters|RR]] | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1981 Irish Masters|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1982 Irish Masters|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1983 Irish Masters|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1984 Irish Masters|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1985 Irish Masters|1R]] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1986 Irish Masters|1R]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | {{nowrap|[[Welsh Professional Championship]]}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="9"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|'''W''' | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|NH | style="text-align:center; background:thistle;"|[[1980 Welsh Professional Championship|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1981 Welsh Professional Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1982 Welsh Professional Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1983 Welsh Professional Championship|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1984 Welsh Professional Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1985 Welsh Professional Championship|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1986 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1987 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1988 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1989 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1990 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1991 Welsh Professional Championship|QF]] | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[1984 Professional Snooker League|Professional Snooker League]]{{efn|The event was later called the [[Premier League Snooker|Premier League]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Turner |first=Chris|title=Premier/Matchroom League, Matchroom Championship League|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/league.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216154905/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/league.html|archive-date=16 February 2012 |website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive }}</ref>}} | colspan="15" style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1984 Professional Snooker League|RR]] | colspan="2" style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;"|A | align="center" |{{sfn|Everton|1984|pp=91–92}} |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Pontins Professional]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="5"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1974 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1975 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1976 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1977 Pontins Professional|RR]] | style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"|[[1978 Pontins Professional|'''W''']] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1979 Pontins Professional|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1980 Pontins Professional|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1981 Pontins Professional|QF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1982 Pontins Professional|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:#D8BFD8;"|[[1983 Pontins Professional|F]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1984 Pontins Professional|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:yellow;"|[[1985 Pontins Professional|SF]] | style="text-align:center; background:#ffebcd;"|[[1986 Pontins Professional|QF]] | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" style="color:#555555;"|A | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- | colspan="25" | '''Former ranking tournaments''' |- |style="background:#EFEFEF;" | [[Canadian Masters (snooker)|Canadian Masters]]{{efn|name="CANO"|The event was also called the Canadian Open (1978/1979–1980/1981).<ref>{{cite web|last=Turner|first=Chris|url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/canmast.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216155138/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/canmast.html|archivedate=16 February 2012|title=Canadian Masters|website=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive}}</ref>}} | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="6"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="7"|Non-Ranking | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="4"|Tournament Not Held | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="3"|Non-Ranking | style="text-align:center; background:#afeeee;"|[[1988 Canadian Masters|1R]] | style="text-align:center; color:#555555;" colspan="2"|Not Held | align="center" | {{sfn|Hayton|Dee|2004|pp=834–836}} |- ==MANAZARTA== br3q5ukap06x54b0j1od2htfh2oxoqa 549660 549654 2024-12-01T19:03:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549660 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Raymond Reardon MBE''' (8 Oktoba 1932 - 19 Yuli 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan snooker ne na Welsh wanda ya mamaye wasanni a cikin 1970s, ya lashe Gasar Snooker ta Duniya sau shida kuma yana da'awar fiye da dozin sauran sunayen kwararru.Saboda duhu gwauruwa kololuwar haƙoran idonsa, ana yi masa lakabi da "Dracula".Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarunsa talatin, Reardon ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hakar kwal sannan kuma a matsayin dan sanda yayin da yake bin snooker a matakin mai son.Laƙabinsa a wannan zamanin sun haɗa da gasar Welsh Amateur Championship guda shida a jere daga 1950 zuwa 1955 da Gasar Amateur ta Ingilishi a 1964.Ya zama kwararre a 1967 kuma ya zama zakaran duniya a 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, da 1978; Ya kuma zo na biyu a 1982.Sauran manyan nasarorin da ya samu sun hada da gasar Pot Black na farko a cikin 1969, Masters na 1976, da Gasar ƙwararrun 'yan wasa na 1982.Dan wasa na farko da aka zaba a matsayin "lamba na duniya" lokacin da aka gabatar da martabar duniya a lokacin kakar 1976–77, ya rike mukamin na shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ya sake samun babban matsayi a cikin 1982, bayan haka fom ɗinsa ya ƙi; ya fice daga cikin manyan 16 masu daraja bayan kakar 1986–87. A shekara ta 1978, Reardon ya zama zakaran dan wasan snooker mafi tsufa a duniya, yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, tarihin da ya rike har zuwa gasar 2022, lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe kambun duniya na bakwai yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148.A lokacin ritayarsa, Reardon ya kasance shugaban kulob din golf na Churston Ferrers a Devon, inda ya kasance memba na sama da shekaru 40. Ya jagoranci O'Sullivan a shirye-shiryen yakin neman zabensa na 2004, yana taimaka masa ya dauke kambun duniya na biyu.An nada shi Memba na Order of the British Empire a 1985, ya mutu daga ciwon daji a watan Yuli 2024, yana da shekaru 91. ==Rayuwa== Dan Ben da Cynthia Reardon, an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba 1932 a cikin yankin ma'adinan kwal na Tredegar a Monmouthshire, Wales.<ref>https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/profile-ray-reardon_sto2189453/story.shtml</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru takwas, kawunsa ya gabatar da shi ga wani nau'in snooker, kuma a goma yana yin wasanni sau biyu-mako-mako a Cibiyar Tredegar Workmen da kuma kan teburin billiard mai fa'ida a gida.Da farko ya buga wasan billiard na Ingilishi maimakon snooker, wanda, a cewar marubutan Luke Williams da Paul Gadsby, sun taimaka wajen inganta ikonsa na ƙwallon ƙafa da tukwanensa.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Lokacin da yake da shekaru 14, yana bin sawun mahaifinsa, Reardon ya ƙi zama a makarantar nahawu don zama mai hakar ma'adinai a Ty Trist Colliery.Ya sa fararen safar hannu yayin da ake hakar ma'adinai, don kare hannayensa don snooker. Ya yi hutun karni na farko a ranar haihuwarsa ta 17.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>A cikin Maris 1959, Reardon ya auri Sue, mai zanen tukwane.<ref>Reardon, Ray; Buxton, Peter (1982). Ray Reardon. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715382624.</ref>Bayan wani dutsen dutse da aka binne shi na tsawon sa'o'i uku, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sue, ya bar aikin hakar ma'adinai kuma ya zama ɗan sanda a 1960 lokacin da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa Stoke-on-Trent a Staffordshire, Ingila.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>Yayin da yake aiki a cikin 'yan sanda, Reardon ya sami yabo don bajinta.A wani lokaci, ya kwance wa wani mutum da ke rike da bindiga.Wani kuma, ya haye wani saman rufin ƙanƙara ya faɗo ta cikin hasken sama akan wani ɗan fashi.<ref>Everton, Clive (21 July 2024). "Ray Reardon obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> ==Amateur sana'ar snooker== A cikin 1949, Reardon ya lashe taken News of the World Amateur kuma an ba shi sandar toka, wanda zakaran snooker na duniya sau 15, Joe Davis ya gabatar masa.Reardon yayi amfani da wannan alamar kusan shekaru 30 har sai da ya rabu ba da daɗewa ba bayan wasan karshe na gasar cin kofin duniya na 1978.<ref>Morrison, Ian (1987). The Hamlyn Encyclopedia of Snooker (Revised ed.). Twickenham: Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-600-55604-6.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na 1949 – 50 a karkashin-19 Junior Championship, ya sha kashi 2–3 a hannun Jack Carney.<ref>"High quality snooker in 1949–50 B.A. & C.C. youth's (16–18) snooker championship". The Billiard Player. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1949. p. 13.</ref>Reardon ya fara lashe Gasar Amateur na Welsh a 1950, inda ya doke zakaran kare John Ford da ci 5–3 a wasan karshe, kuma ya rike kambun kowace shekara har zuwa 1955.<ref>"Welsh Championship Records". welshsnooker.com. WBSA. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Amateur na Ingila a 1956, inda ya jagoranci Tommy Gordon da ci 7–3 bayan rana ta farko, amma ya rasa abin da ya gani a farkon rana ta biyu kuma aka doke shi da ci 9–11.<ref>Everton 1985, p. 26</ref>Reardon ya buga wani ɗan'uwansa mazaunin Tredegar, Cliff Wilson, a cikin jerin wasannin kuɗi kuma ya fuskanci shi sau da yawa a cikin gasa mai son.<ref> Everton, Clive (28 May 1994). "Cue for a happy life". The Guardian. p. 30.</ref>Gasar tasu ta jawo hankalin ɗaruruwan 'yan kallo kuma a cikin littafinsa na 1979, The Story of Billiards and Snooker, Clive Everton ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kusancin snooker na zamani wanda ya yi daidai da yaƙin kyautar knuckle."<ref>Everton, Clive (1979). The Story of Billiards and Snooker. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-30373-1.</ref> Bayan ya sha kashi a zagayen farko na Gasar Amateur Championship a shekarar 1957, Reardon ya yanke shawarar daukar wani lokaci daga snooker mai gasa don yin aiki kan inganta wasansa.Daga baya ya shiga gasar zakara a 1964, lokacin da ya ci taken ta hanyar doke John Spencer da ci 11–8 a wasan karshe.<ref>Everton, Clive; Silverton, John (1972). Park Drive Official Snooker and Billiards Year Book. London: Gallagher Ltd. OCLC 498112105.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Zakaran wasan snooker na duniya sau shida''' Wannan nasara a 1964 ta kai ga gayyata zuwa rangadin Afirka ta Kudu tare da Jonathan Barron, wanda ya yi nasara sosai har aka ba Reardon damar komawa da yawon shakatawa a matsayin kwararre.Ya koma can ne bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin ‘yan sanda kuma ya zama kwararre a shekarar 1967.Lokacin da ya buga wasan Jimmy van Rensberg a cikin Kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu, Reardon ya lashe mafi kyawun wasannin wasanni uku da ci 2–1.<ref>"Ray Reardon turns professional". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. December 1967. p. 5.</ref> Fitowar farko da Reardon ya yi a Gasar Snooker ta Duniya ita ce a shekarar 1969 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da Fred Davis a Stoke-on-Trent.<ref>Everton, Clive (17 November 1968). "Old pros face the new men". The Observer. p. 18. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2021 – via Newspapers.com.</ref>Wasan ya yi musanyar dabaru da dadewa tsakanin 'yan wasan, wanda ya haifar da dadewar zaman da aka taba yi a gasar cin kofin duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (February 1969). "Davis wears down Reardon". Billiards and Snooker. Billiards Association and Control Council. pp. 4–5.</ref>Babu dan wasan da ya wuce sama da firam biyu har sai Reardon ya ci firam na 27 don jagorantar 15–12, bayan haka Davis ya ci firam shida a jere. Wasan mafi kyawun-na-49-firam ya tafi wurin yanke hukunci, wanda Davis ya ci nasara.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/49819955/the-sydney-morning-herald/</ref>A cikin Yuli 1969, BBC ta fara watsa shirye-shiryen Pot Black, gasa na matches guda ɗaya wanda ya shahara ga masu kallo tare da haɓaka bayanan martaba da samun ikon mahalarta.Reardon ya lashe jerin farko ta hanyar doke Spencer 88–29 a wasan karshe na firam daya.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref>A London a watan Afrilun 1970, Reardon ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a karon farko, inda ya doke Davis a wasan kusa dana karshe, Spencer a wasan kusa da na karshe, da John Pulman da ci 37–33 a wasan karshe, bayan da ya jagoranci 27–14 kafin Pulman ya rage wasan. kai ga firam ɗaya a 34-33. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na gaba, wanda aka buga a Ostiraliya a watan Nuwamba 1970, Reardon ya lashe dukkan wasanninsa na zagaye na hudu, kuma ya cancanci samun gurbi a wasan kusa da na karshe, inda Spencer ya kafa tazara mai nasara da shi a 25–7 kuma ya kare. wasan 34–15 gaba bayan matattun firam ɗin.[24][25] Reardon ya ci bugu na Oktoba 1971 na Park Drive 2000, ya doke Spencer 4–3 a wasan karshe bayan ya sanya na biyu a matakin zagaye-robin (bayan Spencer wanda ya fara). A cikin fitowar bazara ta 1972, ya yi hutu na 146 a cikin zagayen zagaye na biyu, wanda shine hutu mafi girma da aka taɓa samu a wasan gasa a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance mafi girman hutu na aikin Reardon, saboda bai taba samun matsakaicin hutu na 147 a wasan gasa ba.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200722103149/https://wst.tv/wpbsa/official-147s/</ref> A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1972, Reardon ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ci 22–25 zuwa Rex Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe. Ya kai wasan karshe na Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1973 a Manchester, inda ya doke Jim Meadowcroft 16–10, da Spencer 23–22. Ya rasa firam bakwai na farko na wasan karshe ga Eddie Charlton, amma ya ɗauki 17 na 23 na gaba don riƙe fa'idar fa'ida ta huɗu a 17 – 13 sannan ya ci gaba gaba zuwa jagorar 27 – 25. A wannan lokacin a wasan, ya koka da masu shirya wasan game da hasken talabijin da ke nunawa a kan abubuwan abubuwan; lokacin da masu shirya gasar ba su warware kokensa ba, sai ya tunkari masu daukar nauyin gasar ya yi barazanar janyewa daga gasar, bayan da aka canza fitilar. Reardon ya ci gaba da ci 31–29 zuwa ranar karshe, kuma ya ci 38–32 don neman kambun duniya na biyu.<ref>Williams, Luke; Gadsby, Paul (2005). Masters of the Baize. Edinburgh: Mainstream. ISBN 978-1-84018-872-1.</ref> Reardon ya kare kambun gasar cin kofin duniya a 1974, inda ya doke Meadowcroft 15–3, Marcus Owen 15–11 da Davis 15–3 kafin ya doke Graham Miles 22–12 a wasan karshe. A wata hira da aka yi da shi bayan wasan, Reardon ya nuna cewa bai taka leda ba a wasan karshe, amma Miles bai haifar masa da wani matsin lamba ba, ya kara da cewa: “Ba na jin farin cikin da na ji na yi nasara. shekaran da ya gabata." Ya kuma lashe 1974 Pontins Professional, yana jagorantar 9 – 4 a wasan karshe kuma ya lashe ta 10–9 bayan Spencer ya dauki firam biyar a jere don tilasta mai yanke hukunci.<ref>"£1000 for Reardon". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. July 1974. p. 9.</ref> A cikin 1975, Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na farko ta hanyar lashe 5-4 akan kwallon ruwan hoda da Williams a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya yi rashin nasara da ci 8–9 na karshe a hannun Spencer a kan bakar fata da aka sake gani. A Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta 1975 a Ostiraliya, ya yi nasara a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe da Spencer, 19–17, sannan ya kawar da Alex Higgins 19–14 a wasan kusa da na karshe don haduwa da Charlton a wasan karshe. Reardon yana jagorantar 16–8, amma Charlton ya lashe firam guda tara masu zuwa sannan ya ci gaba da ci 28–23 kafin Reardon ya ja baya bakwai daga cikin firam takwas na gaba don jagorantar 30–29. Charlton ya dauki firam na 60 don daura wasan amma Reardon ya lashe muhimmin firam na 61 don tabbatar da kambun duniya na shekara ta uku a jere. Mako guda bayan haka, a Pontins a Prestatyn, Wales, ya ci gaba da rike kambun Ƙwararru kuma ya lashe taken Buɗewar bazara. Reardon ya lashe Masters a cikin Janairu 1976, ya doke Miles 7–3 a wasan karshe. Ya samu gurbinsa a wasan karshe ta hanyar doke Pulman da ci 4–1 a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe, a wasan da aka yi hutu mafi girma (Pulman ya hada) ya kasance 22 kacal, sannan Charlton da ci 5–4 a wasan kusa da na karshe.<ref>"Reardon wins Benson and Hedges". Snooker Scene. Birmingham: Everton's News Agency. March 1976. pp. 16–17.</ref> A cikin 1976, Reardon ya lashe kambun duniya na biyar, inda ya doke John Dunning 15–7, Dennis Taylor 15–2 da Perrie Mans 20–10. A lokacin wasan karshe a Manchester da Higgins, Reardon ya koka game da hasken talabijin (wanda aka canza), ingancin tebur (wanda aka yi gyare-gyare a baya), da alkalin wasa (wanda aka maye gurbinsa). Higgins ya jagoranci farkon wasan, amma Reardon ya murmure zuwa 15–13 kafin ya ci 12 daga cikin firam 15 na gaba don cin nasara 27–16. Ya yi ikirarin taken ƙwararren Pontins na shekara ta uku a jere, inda ya doke Fred Davis 10–9 a gasar da wakilin Snooker Scene ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun wasa na lokacin ƙwararru don "inganci, sha'awa da farin ciki". Duk 'yan wasan biyu sun yi hutu na karni a wasan, Reardon ya ja gaba zuwa 8 – 5 bayan ya rasa dukkan firam uku na farko, amma sai ya bukaci na karshe lokacin da Davis ya dauki maki zuwa 9 – 8. Har ila yau, Reardon ya ci gasar 1976 World Professional Match-play Championship a Ostiraliya, inda ya doke mai tallata taron Charlton da ci 31–24 a wasan karshe.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120228200020/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/matchplay.html</ref> Reardon ya kai wasan karshe na Masters na 1977, inda ya doke Williams 4–1 a wasan kusa dana karshe da Miles 5–2 a wasan kusa da na karshe, amma ya sha kashi na karshe da ci 6–7 a hannun Doug Mountjoy. Hakanan ya kasance na biyu a gasar 1977 Benson & Hedges Ireland, ya yi rashin nasara da ci 2 – 5 a hannun Higgins. Nasarar nasarar Reardon a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta ƙare a cikin 1977 a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Crucible a Sheffield, [a] lokacin da ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Spencer a wasan daf da na kusa da na karshe da ci 6–13; Wannan ne karon farko da ya sha kashi a gasar cin kofin duniya tun bayan da Williams ya sha kashi a wasan kusa da na karshe a shekarar 1972.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130124071753/http://www.snookerscene.co.uk/page.php?id=36</ref> Reardon ya sake samun kambun duniya a shekarar 1978 a Sheffield; Bayan ya murmure daga 2–7 kasa ya doke Mountjoy da ci 13–9 a zagaye na 16 na karshe, ya doke Bill Werbeniuk da ci 13–6, Charlton 18–14, da Mans 25–18 a wasan karshe don daga kofin na shida da na karshe. lokaci. Reardon yana da shekaru 45 da kwanaki 203, shi ne dan wasan da ya fi dadewa a gasar Snooker ta Duniya, tarihin da ya dade har zuwa 2022 lokacin da Ronnie O'Sullivan ya lashe taken yana da shekaru 46 da kwanaki 148. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kafa wannan rikodin, Reardon ya sake samun kambun Ƙwararrun Pontins, inda ya ɗauki shi a karo na huɗu cikin shekaru biyar, inda ya doke Spencer 7-2 a wasan karshe. A wannan shekarar, tsohon abokin hamayyarsa daga Tredegar, Wilson, ya lashe Gasar Amateur ta Duniya.<ref>Everton, Clive (1985). Snooker: The Records. Enfield: Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 978-0-85112-448-3.</ref> ==MANAZARTA== 2h49kuqeqq0oo6cetgwjlwmqn0lgdbo 0 88378 549461 2024-12-01T14:29:38Z Mustysummy 21281 sabuwar kirkirar mukala 549461 wikitext text/x-wiki Hadarin sama na Zheleznogorsk na 1981 wani hadari ne wanda ya shafi Jirgin Sama Yakovlev Yak-40 da kuma jirgin saman Mil Mi-8T, dukansu kamfanin jirgin saman Rasha Aeroflot ne ke sarrafawa, kilomita 11 (mil 6.9) a gabashin Filin jirgin saman Zheleznagorsk-Ilimskiy, Tarayyar Soviet, a ranar 18 ga Satumba 1981. Babu wani daga cikin fasinjoji 40 da ma'aikata a cikin kowane jirgin da ya tsira.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_Safety_Network</ref> ==Hadarin== Yayinda jirgin V-652 ke shiga Zheleznogorsk-Ilimskiy bayan tashi daga Irkutsk a ranar 18 ga Satumba 1981, wani jirgi mai saukar ungulu na Mil Mi-8T yana kan hanyar zuwa wannan filin jirgin sama bayan ya gama jirgin horo daga Bratsk. Ma'aikatan jirgin V-652 sun fara saukowa zuwa filin jirgin sama kuma dole ne su wuce cikin girgije yayin neman titin jirgin sama. Lokacin da jirgin ya kasance kusan kilomita 11 (6.9 miles) Gabashin filin jirgin sama kuma a tsawo na 1,300 ft (396 m) , ya yi karo da helikofta wanda shi ma ke saukowa a 7.13am. Jirgin V-652 ya sami mummunar lalacewa ga fuka-fukansa na hagu, fuselage da ɓangaren wutsiya, yayin da aka lalata babban rotor da jirgin sama tare da mummunar mummunar lahani ga fuselage.[1] Dukkanin jiragen sama sun fadi zuwa ƙasa bayan haɗuwa, kuma sun fadi a cikin wani dutse mai tsawo mai mita 400 (1,300 feet) daga juna. Babu wani daga cikin fasinjoji 29 da ma'aikata 4 a cikin jirgin V-652 da ya tsira daga hadarin, kuma duk ma'aikata 7 a cikin jirgin Mil Mi-8T sun mutu a cikin bala'in.<ref> "Accident Description".</ref> ==Manazarta== 4dkcxdwkzw6dbayfzva48h5a43y7wwk 549990 549461 2024-12-02T05:05:11Z Nnamadee 31123 549990 wikitext text/x-wiki Hadarin sama na Zheleznogorsk na shekarar 1981 wani hadari ne wanda ya shafi Jirgin Sama Yakovlev Yak-40 da kuma jirgin saman Mil Mi-8T, dukansu kamfanin jirgin saman Rasha Aeroflot ne ke sarrafawa, kilomita 11 (mil 6.9) a gabashin Filin jirgin saman Zheleznagorsk-Ilimskiy, Tarayyar Soviet, a ranar 18 ga Satumba 1981. Babu wani daga cikin fasinjoji 40 da ma'aikata a cikin kowane jirgin da ya tsira.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_Safety_Network</ref> ==Hadarin== Yayinda jirgin V-652 ke shiga Zheleznogorsk-Ilimskiy bayan tashi daga Irkutsk a ranar 18 ga Satumba 1981, wani jirgi mai saukar ungulu na Mil Mi-8T yana kan hanyar zuwa wannan filin jirgin sama bayan ya gama jirgin horo daga Bratsk. Ma'aikatan jirgin V-652 sun fara saukowa zuwa filin jirgin sama kuma dole ne su wuce cikin girgije yayin neman titin jirgin sama. Lokacin da jirgin ya kasance kusan kilomita 11 (6.9 miles) Gabashin filin jirgin sama kuma a tsawo na 1,300 ft (396 m) , ya yi karo da helikofta wanda shi ma ke saukowa a 7.13am. Jirgin V-652 ya sami mummunar lalacewa ga fuka-fukansa na hagu, fuselage da ɓangaren wutsiya, yayin da aka lalata babban rotor da jirgin sama tare da mummunar mummunar lahani ga fuselage.[1] Dukkanin jiragen sama sun fadi zuwa ƙasa bayan haɗuwa, kuma sun fadi a cikin wani dutse mai tsawo mai mita 400 (1,300 feet) daga juna. Babu wani daga cikin fasinjoji 29 da ma'aikata 4 a cikin jirgin V-652 da ya tsira daga hadarin, kuma duk ma'aikata 7 a cikin jirgin Mil Mi-8T sun mutu a cikin bala'in.<ref> "Accident Description".</ref> ==Manazarta== s9cacu8dpeb2brba6hcuxjhv3tq644x 549991 549990 2024-12-02T05:05:37Z Nnamadee 31123 549991 wikitext text/x-wiki Hadarin sama na Zheleznogorsk na shekarar 1981 wani hadari ne wanda ya shafi Jirgin Sama Yakovlev Yak-40 da kuma jirgin saman Mil Mi-8T, dukansu kamfanin jirgin saman Rasha Aeroflot ne ke sarrafawa, kilomita 11 (mil 6.9) a gabashin Filin jirgin saman Zheleznagorsk-Ilimskiy, Tarayyar Soviet, a ranar 18 ga watan Satumba 1981. Babu wani daga cikin fasinjoji 40 da ma'aikata a cikin kowane jirgin da ya tsira.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_Safety_Network</ref> ==Hadarin== Yayinda jirgin V-652 ke shiga Zheleznogorsk-Ilimskiy bayan tashi daga Irkutsk a ranar 18 ga Satumba 1981, wani jirgi mai saukar ungulu na Mil Mi-8T yana kan hanyar zuwa wannan filin jirgin sama bayan ya gama jirgin horo daga Bratsk. Ma'aikatan jirgin V-652 sun fara saukowa zuwa filin jirgin sama kuma dole ne su wuce cikin girgije yayin neman titin jirgin sama. Lokacin da jirgin ya kasance kusan kilomita 11 (6.9 miles) Gabashin filin jirgin sama kuma a tsawo na 1,300 ft (396 m) , ya yi karo da helikofta wanda shi ma ke saukowa a 7.13am. Jirgin V-652 ya sami mummunar lalacewa ga fuka-fukansa na hagu, fuselage da ɓangaren wutsiya, yayin da aka lalata babban rotor da jirgin sama tare da mummunar mummunar lahani ga fuselage.[1] Dukkanin jiragen sama sun fadi zuwa ƙasa bayan haɗuwa, kuma sun fadi a cikin wani dutse mai tsawo mai mita 400 (1,300 feet) daga juna. Babu wani daga cikin fasinjoji 29 da ma'aikata 4 a cikin jirgin V-652 da ya tsira daga hadarin, kuma duk ma'aikata 7 a cikin jirgin Mil Mi-8T sun mutu a cikin bala'in.<ref> "Accident Description".</ref> ==Manazarta== s6muxcryr2warzxzq2bd8cfg13uucki 549992 549991 2024-12-02T05:06:08Z Nnamadee 31123 549992 wikitext text/x-wiki Hadarin sama na Zheleznogorsk na shekarar 1981 wani hadari ne wanda ya shafi Jirgin Sama Yakovlev Yak-40 da kuma jirgin saman Mil Mi-8T, dukansu kamfanin jirgin saman Rasha Aeroflot ne ke sarrafawa, kilomita 11 (mil 6.9) a gabashin Filin jirgin saman Zheleznagorsk-Ilimskiy, Tarayyar Soviet, a ranar 18 ga watan Satumba shekara ta 1981. Babu wani daga cikin fasinjoji 40 da ma'aikata a cikin kowane jirgin da ya tsira.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_Safety_Network</ref> ==Hadarin== Yayinda jirgin V-652 ke shiga Zheleznogorsk-Ilimskiy bayan tashi daga Irkutsk a ranar 18 ga Satumba 1981, wani jirgi mai saukar ungulu na Mil Mi-8T yana kan hanyar zuwa wannan filin jirgin sama bayan ya gama jirgin horo daga Bratsk. Ma'aikatan jirgin V-652 sun fara saukowa zuwa filin jirgin sama kuma dole ne su wuce cikin girgije yayin neman titin jirgin sama. Lokacin da jirgin ya kasance kusan kilomita 11 (6.9 miles) Gabashin filin jirgin sama kuma a tsawo na 1,300 ft (396 m) , ya yi karo da helikofta wanda shi ma ke saukowa a 7.13am. Jirgin V-652 ya sami mummunar lalacewa ga fuka-fukansa na hagu, fuselage da ɓangaren wutsiya, yayin da aka lalata babban rotor da jirgin sama tare da mummunar mummunar lahani ga fuselage.[1] Dukkanin jiragen sama sun fadi zuwa ƙasa bayan haɗuwa, kuma sun fadi a cikin wani dutse mai tsawo mai mita 400 (1,300 feet) daga juna. Babu wani daga cikin fasinjoji 29 da ma'aikata 4 a cikin jirgin V-652 da ya tsira daga hadarin, kuma duk ma'aikata 7 a cikin jirgin Mil Mi-8T sun mutu a cikin bala'in.<ref> "Accident Description".</ref> ==Manazarta== po6kje1ab5yosa02jpl9xa6nl0h4ca7 0 88379 549465 2024-12-01T14:36:20Z Mustysummy 21281 sabuwar kirkirar mukala 549465 wikitext text/x-wiki Gidan Tunawa da Zaman Lafiya na Hiroshima (広島平和記念公園, Hiroshima Heiwa Kinen Kōen) wurin shakatawa ne na tunawa a tsakiyar Hiroshima, Japan . An sadaukar da shi ga abin da Hiroshima ta gada a matsayin birni na farko a duniya da ya sha wahala daga Harin nukiliya a ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na II, da kuma tunawa da wadanda bam din ya shafa kai tsaye da kai tsaye (wanda watakila akwai kusan 140,000). Fiye da mutane miliyan daya ne ke ziyartar Gidan Tunawa da Zaman Lafiya na Hiroshima a kowace shekara.[1] Gidan shakatawa yana nan ne don tunawa da wadanda harin nukiliya ya shafa a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, 1945, inda Amurka ta jefa bam din nukiliya a birnin Hiroshima na Japan.[2] Gidan Tunawa da Zaman Lafiya na Hiroshima an tsara shi kuma an tsara shi ne ta hanyar Masanin Gine-gine na Japan Kenzō Tange a Tange Lab.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshima_Peace_Memorial_Museum</ref><ref>http://hpmmuseum.jp/modules/info/index.php?action=PageView&page_id=136</ref> ==Manazarta== lojio8lfv3dzklvzz9xg9hj9y4ixrv2 549986 549465 2024-12-02T04:58:47Z Nnamadee 31123 549986 wikitext text/x-wiki Gidan Tunawa da Zaman Lafiya na Hiroshima (広島平和記念公園, Hiroshima Heiwa Kinen Kōen) wurin shakatawa ne na tunawa a tsakiyar Hiroshima, Japan . An sadaukar da shi ga abin da Hiroshima ta gada a matsayin birni na farko a duniya da ya sha wahala daga Harin nukiliya a ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na II, da kuma tunawa da wadanda bam din ya shafa kai tsaye da kai tsaye (wanda watakila akwai kusan 140,000). Fiye da mutane miliyan daya ne ke ziyartar Gidan Tunawa da Zaman Lafiya na Hiroshima a kowace shekara.[1] Gidan shakatawa yana nan ne don tunawa da wadanda harin nukiliya ya shafa a ranar 6 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 1945, inda Amurka ta jefa bam din nukiliya a birnin Hiroshima na Japan.[2] Gidan Tunawa da Zaman Lafiya na Hiroshima an tsara shi kuma an tsara shi ne ta hanyar Masanin Gine-gine na Japan Kenzō Tange a Tange Lab.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshima_Peace_Memorial_Museum</ref><ref>http://hpmmuseum.jp/modules/info/index.php?action=PageView&page_id=136</ref> ==Manazarta== fxrtwe3usx0n1dckxw0n5yg6hsxkq70 0 88380 549474 2024-12-01T15:44:14Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1177014248|Kail]]" 549474 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kail''' (: /keɪl/ ) wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]]}} ne - wata [[Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma]] ce ta {{Lang|de|[[Verbandsgemeinde]]}}, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] [[Cochem-Zell]] a [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin [[Kaisersesch (Verbandsgemeinde)|''Verbandsgemeinde'' na Kaisersesch]] .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin [[Eifel]] tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] oa1skoj0rhow22okd46ibzcopf7ydqv 549475 549474 2024-12-01T15:44:47Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' (: /keɪl/ ) wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]]}} ne - wata [[Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma]] ce ta {{Lang|de|[[Verbandsgemeinde]]}}, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] [[Cochem-Zell]] a [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin [[Kaisersesch (Verbandsgemeinde)|''Verbandsgemeinde'' na Kaisersesch]] .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin [[Eifel]] tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jzh56qucohuyhq6wu5etswz2cnbbclc 549476 549475 2024-12-01T15:45:46Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' (: /keɪl/ ) wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]]}} ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta {{Lang|deVerbandsgemeinde}}, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] [[Cochem-Zell]] a [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin [[Kaisersesch (Verbandsgemeinde)|''Verbandsgemeinde'' na Kaisersesch]] .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin [[Eifel]] tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gq8c1ar40zllt07y18k7w0gr4nj5pfb 549477 549476 2024-12-01T15:46:07Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549477 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' (: /keɪl/ ) wani {{Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde}} ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta {{Lang|deVerbandsgemeinde}}, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] [[Cochem-Zell]] a [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin [[Kaisersesch (Verbandsgemeinde)|''Verbandsgemeinde'' na Kaisersesch]] .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin [[Eifel]] tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] d9rej6vs83redsg0h0bsq3b3qwpbbrd 549478 549477 2024-12-01T15:46:35Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' (: /keɪl/ ) wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta {{Lang|deVerbandsgemeinde}}, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] [[Cochem-Zell]] a [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin [[Kaisersesch (Verbandsgemeinde)|''Verbandsgemeinde'' na Kaisersesch]] .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin [[Eifel]] tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] g6hu0qif6g6q28vkn97osrcegsaxuty 549479 549478 2024-12-01T15:47:49Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] [[Cochem-Zell]] a [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin [[Eifel]] tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rmvznaxyt6ffs148z4dtvjilljer9iz 549480 549479 2024-12-01T15:48:27Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] [[Cochem-Zell]] a [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin [[Eifel]] tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ganaqkbzbx93x350ti3pruf7x4zy8zv 549481 549480 2024-12-01T15:49:04Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, wani nau'in karamar hukuka - a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] Cochem-Zell a [[Jamus]] . Yana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin [[Eifel]] tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jvqjm266oq7k6jg60nork5483pls7a0 549484 549481 2024-12-01T15:50:40Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, sannan kuma karamar hukuka a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] Cochem-Zell a [[Jamus]] . Tana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin [[Eifel]] tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jkdirjofz25z252xb3ud53bm0bgeu5x 549485 549484 2024-12-01T15:51:09Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, sannan kuma karamar hukuka a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] Cochem-Zell a [[Jamus]] . Tana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin Eifel tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] cxty57n0kjmnpve70cnafniebhnvwyb 549488 549485 2024-12-01T15:51:41Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, sannan kuma karamar hukuka a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] Cochem-Zell a [[Jamus]] . Tana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin Eifel tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta kunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana makamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5t6b8mvdliuhkyjlbnvz3ia3s15s400 549490 549488 2024-12-01T15:52:17Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, sannan kuma karamar hukuka a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] Cochem-Zell a [[Jamus]] . Tana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin Eifel tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta ƙunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana maƙamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 60u27mc4m5h9e0tasbuhmtdbctzorb2 549494 549490 2024-12-01T15:53:12Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, sannan kuma karamar hukuka a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] Cochem-Zell a [[Jamus]] . Tana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin Eifel tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta ƙunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana maƙamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An dauki makamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 24n21qtx2haqb33ls6c86zk9xgt7eau 549496 549494 2024-12-01T15:53:42Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, sannan kuma karamar hukuka a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] Cochem-Zell a [[Jamus]] . Tana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin Eifel tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta ƙunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana maƙamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya rike wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An ɗauki maƙamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] a4q2t7jpq5usrolxw5j0dwe24uk2zn5 549498 549496 2024-12-01T15:54:02Z Abubakar Kaddi 24783 549498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Kail''' wani [[Lang|de|[[Ortsgemeinde (Germany)|Ortsgemeinde]] ne - wata Municipalities of Germany|karamar hukuma ce ta, sannan kuma karamar hukuka a cikin [[Districts of Germany|gundumar]] Cochem-Zell a [[Jamus]] . Tana cikin yankin .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=December 2019}} == Yanayin ƙasa == === Wurin da yake === Garin yana cikin Eifel tare da kwarin [[Moselle (river)|Moselle]] a kudu. Kasancewa a gabas da yamma sune kwarin Pommerbach da Fellerbach bi da bi, yayin da ''Kailer Hochwald'' ("Kail High Forest") ke arewa maso yamma. === Yanayi === ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Kail ya kai 642 mm, wanda yake da ƙarancin gaske, yana fadawa cikin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ginshiƙi na hazo ga dukan Jamus. &nbsp;Sai kawai a kashi 29% na Tashoshin yanayi na German Weather Service sun kasance ƙananan adadi da aka rubuta. Watan da ya fi bushewa shine Fabrairu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana zuwa a watan Yuni. A cikin wannan watan, ruwan sama ya ninka sau 1.6 fiye da yadda yake a watan Fabrairu. Ruwan sama bai bambanta ba kuma yana yaduwa daidai a duk shekara. A kashi 15% kawai na tashoshin yanayi sune ƙananan sauye-sauyen yanayi da aka rubuta. == Tarihi == A cikin shekara ta 1121, Gidauniyar [[Treis-Karden|Karden]]" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castor of Karden">Saint Castor's (masallaci; ''Stift St. Kastor'') a Karden ta sami mallakar ''cheledin'', kuma tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan har yanzu suna hannun Gidauniya har zuwa 1780. Koyaya, a cikin 1806, a lokacin mulkin Juyin Juya Halin Faransa, [[Faransa|Faransanci]] sun sayar da waɗannan mallakar. An kuma ambaci ƙauyen a cikin 1316 lokacin da aka kafa cocin Ikklisiya a Pommern a cikin Himmerod Abbey . Gidan ibada na Rosenthal Cistercian ya mallaki wani yanki a ƙauyen, kamar yadda Himmerod Abbey, gidan ibada na Carthusian a [[Trier]], gidan ibada ya Franciscan a Karden, Brauweiler Abbey a Klotten da Cathedral Chapter a Trier. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ke da mallakar Kail sun kasance Waldecks na Kaimt, Barons Boos a Waldeck, Barons na Gymnich da Counts na Leyen. Bugu da ƙari, Ubangiji na Pyrmont sun mallaki bayi a Kail. Kodayake Kail yana da coci da aka keɓe ga Saint Bartholomew, an haɗa shi da Pommern. Tsohon ɗakin sujada, wanda aka rushe wani lokaci bayan 1905, bisa ga bayanan coci da aka gina tsakanin 1698 da 1701. An gina sabon ɗakin sujada tsakanin 1901 da 1903 zuwa tsare-tsaren masanin gine-ginen gwamnati da masanin gine'a Leopold Schweitzer daga [[Koblenz]]. Da farko a shekara ta 1794, Kail ya kasance a ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa. A cikin shekara ta 1814 an sanya shi ga Masarautar Prussia a Majalisa ta Vienna . Tun daga shekara ta 1946, ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabuwar jihar da aka kafa a lokacin ta Rhineland-Palatinate. == Siyasa == === Majalisar birni === Majalisar ta ƙunshi mambobi 8 na majalisa, wadanda aka zaba ta hanyar [[Plurality voting system|kuri'un da suka fi yawa]] a zaben birni da aka gudanar a ranar 7 ga Yuni 2009, da kuma magajin gari mai daraja a matsayin shugaban. === Mai girma === Magajin garin Kail shine Barbara Gehle . === Alamar makamai === Jaridar Jamusanci ta karanta: Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, an nuna shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.''Schild durch eingeschweifte Spitze, daren a cikin Grün eine goldene Urne mit drei Ähren, gespalten; vorne a cikin Silber eine rote Rose, da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Silbar ein schwarzes Schindmesser.'' Ana iya bayyana maƙamai na gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi kamar haka: Tierced in mantle, dexter argent a rose gules, sinister argent a flaying wuka bendwise sable, ma'anar zuwa shugaban kuma a cikin tushe vert wani akwatin da ke fitar da kunnuwa uku na alkama Ko. Kayan kwalliya yana nufin wani binciken archaeological na [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] da kuma asalin [[Harshen Latin|Roman]] na sunan wuri Kail, wanda ke nufin asali "gidan Calidus". Ana iya samun barrows na prehistoric daga zamanin La Tène a cikin gundumar Kailerwald. Kunnen alkama ya kamata su tuna da lokacin da ƙauyen ya tashi, tun da yake an ambaci shi a matsayin gonar [[noma]], da aikin gona da kansa, wanda har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a cikin gari a yau. Gidan Rosenthal ya kasance mai mallakar ƙasa a ƙauyen tsakanin 1547 da 1801, yana da dukiya da filaye masu daraja. cajin a kan dexter (dama na mai ɗaukar makamai, hagu na mai kallo), fure, shine kayan aikin makamai na Convent. Wutsiyar da ke kan mummunar (a gefen hagu na mai ɗaukar makamai, a gefen dama na mai kallo) ita ce halayyar Saint Bartholomew's, don haka tana wakiltar gari da kuma mai kula da cocin. Ya riƙe wannan girmamawa tun lokacin da aka gina tsohuwar ɗakin sujada a shekara ta 1698. An ɗauki maƙamai tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1985. == Al'adu da yawon shakatawa == Babban alamar ƙauyen shine Cocin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] na Saint Bartholomew's . An gina shi tsakanin 1901 da 1903 kuma yana da windows tare da kyawawan gilashin launi. Wadannan sune gine-gine ko shafuka da aka jera a cikin Rhineland-Palatinate's Directory of Cultural Monuments - * Cocin Katolika na Saint Bartholomew (''Kirche St. Bartholomäus''), Hauptstraße 5 - Gothic Revival da ke tallafawa gine-gine, 1901-1903; kogon dutse tare da siffofin Gothic Reissance * Hauptstraße - ɗakin sujada na gefen hanya, a cikin siffar Saint Anthony, karni na 19 * Unterstraße 10 - ''Quereinhaus'' (haɗin gida da gidan kasuwanci da aka raba don waɗannan dalilai biyu a tsakiya, a tsaye zuwa titi), ƙarni na 19, mai ɗorewa; duk rikitarwa * Unterstraße 16 - gidan katako, wani bangare mai ƙarfi, Rufin mansarda, ƙarni na 18; reshen kasuwanci, ƙarni ya 19; gine-gine masu rikitarwa * A ''Kreisstraße'' 30/Landesstraße 107 crossroads - chapel a gefen hanya; daga 1891 == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.kail-eifel.de/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na gari] (a cikin Jamusanci) [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qdpcoxyxef248t8zifiuvgryc52ltei 0 88381 549629 2024-12-01T18:48:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 549629 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.[1] I 789h4hdrakg2jiwbedfo5pm7gcd658j 549630 549629 2024-12-01T18:49:19Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549630 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.[1] ==Manazarta== I pobrjqq1ap73c4q6ucvmrd1v8bx016f 549631 549630 2024-12-01T18:50:05Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Ingantawa 549631 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.[1] Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.[2] Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.[2][3][3][2] 4] ==Manazarta== I mw4u70lmrfpftl2l96cq4tnl4oqlmp1 549632 549631 2024-12-01T18:51:16Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549632 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.[1] Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.[2] Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.[2][3][3][2] 4],Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama ==Manazarta== I m53vuayu9ww12lskj52ejn5hzc8clbj 549633 549632 2024-12-01T18:51:55Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549633 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.[1] Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.[2] Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.[2][3][3][2] 4],Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.[1] ==Manazarta== I evo0l6uqvjchufiqaszbtqzkwpxvw27 549635 549633 2024-12-01T18:52:38Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549635 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.[1] Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.[2] Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.[2][3][3][2] 4],Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.[1]Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.[1] ==Manazarta== I cje27gm5c2mwxtvhaoe522z89w8g4lw 549641 549635 2024-12-01T18:53:26Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Saka mnazarta 549641 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.[2] Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.[2][3][3][2] 4],Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.[1]Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.[1] ==Manazarta== I 7rj2udbzd150z3wr6ylhpib9wz2inat 549644 549641 2024-12-01T18:54:17Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Saka manazarta 549644 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.[2][3][3][2] 4],Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.[1]Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.[1] ==Manazarta== I qzkbi46kiiqoc52kppma71k3ea157ne 549648 549644 2024-12-01T18:55:25Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Saka mnazarta 549648 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> [3][3][2] 4],Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.[1]Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.[1] ==Manazarta== I auxbc833v4ef7kd312r26o8fzj93prn 549650 549648 2024-12-01T18:56:25Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549650 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> <ref>Roger Santer (2003). "Dung Beetles Turn in Wings for a Long, Dry Walk" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1261–1262. doi:10.1242/jeb.00269.</ref> [3][2] 4],Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.[1]Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.[1] ==Manazarta== I 5jgqxgdgg93qynxwwm46h7eu469jcd7 549651 549650 2024-12-01T18:57:14Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549651 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> <ref>Roger Santer (2003). "Dung Beetles Turn in Wings for a Long, Dry Walk" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1261–1262. doi:10.1242/jeb.00269.</ref> <ref>Marcus J. Byrne and Frances D. Duncan (2003). "The role of the subelytral spiracles in respiration in the flightless dung beetle Circellium bacchus" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1309–1318. doi:10.1242/jeb.00250</ref> ,Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.[1]Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.[1] ==Manazarta== I 3keoufggasfjjzg0sut0bo4umdof6w9 549652 549651 2024-12-01T18:57:57Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549652 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> <ref>Roger Santer (2003). "Dung Beetles Turn in Wings for a Long, Dry Walk" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1261–1262. doi:10.1242/jeb.00269.</ref> <ref>Marcus J. Byrne and Frances D. Duncan (2003). "The role of the subelytral spiracles in respiration in the flightless dung beetle Circellium bacchus" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1309–1318. doi:10.1242/jeb.00250</ref> ,Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.[1]Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> ==Manazarta== I sc25lcy3jvr1fiuj7w4c683gju6dfrc 549655 549652 2024-12-01T18:59:45Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Saka mnazarta 549655 wikitext text/x-wiki Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> <ref>Roger Santer (2003). "Dung Beetles Turn in Wings for a Long, Dry Walk" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1261–1262. doi:10.1242/jeb.00269.</ref> <ref>Marcus J. Byrne and Frances D. Duncan (2003). "The role of the subelytral spiracles in respiration in the flightless dung beetle Circellium bacchus" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1309–1318. doi:10.1242/jeb.00250</ref> ,Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> ==Manazarta== I 4h0y6iu82p2nk3mx2f40gyob4zxo3lg 549656 549655 2024-12-01T19:01:21Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Saka databox 549656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> <ref>Roger Santer (2003). "Dung Beetles Turn in Wings for a Long, Dry Walk" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1261–1262. doi:10.1242/jeb.00269.</ref> <ref>Marcus J. Byrne and Frances D. Duncan (2003). "The role of the subelytral spiracles in respiration in the flightless dung beetle Circellium bacchus" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1309–1318. doi:10.1242/jeb.00250</ref> ,Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> ==Manazarta== I ngr84ry3b4l74m3d0uxx4qdce7x0bd4 549658 549656 2024-12-01T19:02:02Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> <ref>Roger Santer (2003). "Dung Beetles Turn in Wings for a Long, Dry Walk" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1261–1262. doi:10.1242/jeb.00269.</ref> <ref>Marcus J. Byrne and Frances D. Duncan (2003). "The role of the subelytral spiracles in respiration in the flightless dung beetle Circellium bacchus" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1309–1318. doi:10.1242/jeb.00250</ref> ,Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> ==Manazarta== I= tn8dkqbjp4cio5jzitsrlqw0sypge4q 549659 549658 2024-12-01T19:02:17Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* =Manazarta== I */ 549659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Tarin ƙwaro mara tashi sama (Circellium bacchus) nau'in ƙwaro ne na taki zuwa ƴan yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, gami da Addo Elephant National Park, Amakhala Game Reserve da Buffalo Valley Game Farm.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Shine kawai nau'in a cikin jinin Circellium.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> Asarar jirgin yana bawa ƙwaro damar amfani da sarari mara komai a ƙarƙashin elytra a matsayin tankin ajiyar carbon dioxide, ƙirƙirar hanyar numfashi ta musamman wacce ke adana ruwa, ƙimar rayuwa mai mahimmanci a cikin busassun yankuna da take rayuwa a ciki.<ref>Steven L. Chown, Pierre Pistorius & Clarke H. Scholtz (1998). "Morphological correlates of flightlessness in southern African Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): testing a condition of the water-conservation hypothesis" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76 (6): 1123–1133. doi:10.1139/z98-036.[permanent dead link]</ref> <ref>Roger Santer (2003). "Dung Beetles Turn in Wings for a Long, Dry Walk" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1261–1262. doi:10.1242/jeb.00269.</ref> <ref>Marcus J. Byrne and Frances D. Duncan (2003). "The role of the subelytral spiracles in respiration in the flightless dung beetle Circellium bacchus" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 206: 1309–1318. doi:10.1242/jeb.00250</ref> ,Asalin jinsin ya yadu a Kudancin Afirka, amma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƴan yankunan da aka ambata a sama; don haka, ya cancanci zama nau'in IUCN mai rauni. Rashin lafiyarsa yana daɗa ta'azzara da wasu abubuwa da dama cewa tana da ƙarancin ƙarfin kiwo da ƙarancin tarwatsewa (saboda rashin tashi sama), da kuma cewa rayuwarta ta dogara sosai ga adadin kashin bayanta (musamman giwa da bawo) waɗanda kuma ke samun raguwar yawan jama'a.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> Ƙwayoyin ƙwaro marasa tashi galibi suna ciyar da najasar giwa ko baƙo, amma an rubuta su don cin taki daga wasu nau'ikan kamar zomaye, baboon, tururuwa, da jiminai.<ref>Circellium bacchus (Flightless dung beetle, Addo flightless dung beetle)". Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved 16 October 2010</ref> ==Manazarta== gl54hwcump6y1ksrhmidk8hs42kg5qd 0 88382 549661 2024-12-01T19:04:12Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 549661 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa. 2jhzfw86tn2qivb3lz96r3fhguxoqd1 549662 549661 2024-12-01T19:04:35Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 549662 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa. ==Manazarta== k3w9jtj02lggt2c7lyjz0z3bpzt5ego 549664 549662 2024-12-01T19:05:10Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549664 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). ==Manazarta== 1mxdmgy6foq0t8x5fci8y8t3ippek2r 549665 549664 2024-12-01T19:06:07Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549665 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine  ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2] ==Manazarta== dqboyzk3jkrhtyfic42yxn4wekp2tts 549666 549665 2024-12-01T19:06:49Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549666 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Manazarta== fbl07elob5u01gk0m3pzlh2tkwz19vz 549667 549666 2024-12-01T19:07:33Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549667 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ Masu canji na yanzu [gyara tushe] Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine ==Manazarta== muxz30b6fqctfqc64zi9iwp8g39x24g 549668 549667 2024-12-01T19:07:58Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 549668 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== [gyara tushe] Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine ==Manazarta== tgjwbk31qqan1i5e308h6jqkdw28qij 549669 549668 2024-12-01T19:08:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549669 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine ==Manazarta== hij0xofq3zmkgezofgu7hj4qaw10pd0 549670 549669 2024-12-01T19:08:52Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549670 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ ==Manazarta== 9i63ggm3rgf79yh5mo18fs9ntl3yhsk 549671 549670 2024-12-01T19:09:59Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549671 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurin da ba birni ==Manazarta== mhb19tufh26zq0bxelgpnqxjkweywwv 549672 549671 2024-12-01T19:10:35Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549672 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurin da ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari ==Manazarta== fvi0tg5s0f4siqkvctbtlka87scyugo 549673 549672 2024-12-01T19:11:29Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549673 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurin da ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidaje ==Manazarta== hevhdddtjhb1havs050eynt80fts7zk 549674 549673 2024-12-01T19:12:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549674 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurin da ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida ==Manazarta== m9qinubqhabcptfgk5n8raa31bbf3l7 549675 549674 2024-12-01T19:12:49Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549675 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurin da ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi ==Manazarta== kkopncvi7ntktpn4wnqsyaypj1aunbt 549676 549675 2024-12-01T19:13:56Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549676 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki ==Manazarta== o8403erchddzpm7773i3qavq8yevyd3 549677 549676 2024-12-01T19:14:57Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549677 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki • Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu ==Manazarta== 86oe01l7tba3w9amlbs09h8jdsvo0he 549683 549677 2024-12-01T19:29:16Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549683 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida ==Manazarta== qgwm6dhqi1laa8w3rh4968yeb7047ae 549688 549683 2024-12-01T19:30:52Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549688 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gid ==Manazarta== a6j8n8i2qneso6paai7io99zas2vcen 549691 549688 2024-12-01T19:31:54Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549691 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida ==Manazarta== hxjwf8frs5goppq4xftunkzr5qyduu1 549695 549691 2024-12-01T19:32:39Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549695 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida ==Manazarta== 8zbtq4dd0109lqs67fda4t5r6ym5khi 549698 549695 2024-12-01T19:33:30Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549698 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wway outayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya ==Manazarta== 3bbqx21kezzph068s5s9d9z1txcrfmf 549701 549698 2024-12-01T19:34:28Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549701 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya ==Manazarta== a150xlzdmuzmfsd4m21223x0el2vng2 549704 549701 2024-12-01T19:35:11Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549704 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo ==Manazarta== 46wlvg8t5071icoptowo2lywih36hsr 549708 549704 2024-12-01T19:36:11Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549708 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player ==Manazarta== f9rikkob2p2xyuavsk0e69487j4zwxs 549710 549708 2024-12-01T19:36:51Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549710 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza ==Manazarta== grbmypaziiupr8nm2wyly5xt4hzig0o 549713 549710 2024-12-01T19:37:52Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549713 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki ==Manazarta== tq72227zh3rtie0dqxgexz4r221ns1s 549716 549713 2024-12-01T19:39:09Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549716 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame ==Manazarta== smoj5ll4siuudzqe4hncni8f8kpj1he 549719 549716 2024-12-01T19:40:00Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549719 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye ==Manazarta== kkq2ncj0nbmdpx4heoq1lsdpt40wwyk 549721 549719 2024-12-01T19:40:33Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549721 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki ==Manazarta== jrm2bog24ogbr7y37ted4k02dmdil5i 549723 549721 2024-12-01T19:41:18Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549723 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa ==Manazarta== ab8lhwuste1i0x5fa3of7af9y785eau 549726 549723 2024-12-01T19:41:55Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549726 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki ==Manazarta== ftku2b0j440q7ragecmbxax8tpmmhnn 549728 549726 2024-12-01T19:42:38Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549728 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki •PayTV (M-net / DSTV / TopTV ==Manazarta== gtu61vunqg1488pnbipld3jmtwfdko7 549730 549728 2024-12-01T19:43:19Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549730 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida Katafi •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki •PayTV (M-net / DSTV / TopTV •Tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida ==Manazarta== 4a8cjil5wk96qobx3aecm3slxuc8ah1 549734 549730 2024-12-01T19:44:40Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549734 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida Katafi •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki •PayTV (M-net / DSTV / TopTV •Tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida •Vacuum Cleaner ==Manazarta== tflt8gfnswusclzjs940fm7golrfwux 549736 549734 2024-12-01T19:45:31Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549736 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida Katafi •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki •PayTV (M-net / DSTV / TopTV •Tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida •Vacuum Cleaner •Motoci a cikin gida ==Manazarta== ptn6axy13stcz2lvapa2ami2febqphp 549739 549736 2024-12-01T19:46:53Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549739 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida Katafi •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki •PayTV (M-net / DSTV / TopTV •Tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida •Vacuum Cleaner •Motoci a cikin gida •Motoci a cikin gida •Kwamfuta - tebur / kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ==Manazarta== 0zqek7jd7nnikcyxdnhrtc1ixumal5h 549741 549739 2024-12-01T19:47:42Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Masu canji na yanzu */ 549741 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.[1] A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida Katafi •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki •PayTV (M-net / DSTV / TopTV •Tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida •Vacuum Cleaner •Motoci a cikin gida •Motoci a cikin gida •Kwamfuta - tebur / kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka •Wayar layin ƙasa (sai dai wayar hannu ==Manazarta== 1fxh8g2uk70l9fs9d45xk5406fkusnm 549744 549741 2024-12-01T19:48:20Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549744 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.<ref>Living Standards Measure". South African Audience Research Foundation. Retrieved 20 December 2016.</ref> A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.[2],Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida Katafi •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki •PayTV (M-net / DSTV / TopTV •Tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida •Vacuum Cleaner •Motoci a cikin gida •Motoci a cikin gida •Kwamfuta - tebur / kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka •Wayar layin ƙasa (sai dai wayar hannu ==Manazarta== d5n6j1q2xdcpiwu0hp3w663pobhye0s 549747 549744 2024-12-01T19:49:07Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549747 wikitext text/x-wiki Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.<ref>Living Standards Measure". South African Audience Research Foundation. Retrieved 20 December 2016.</ref> A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.<ref>Ruch, Werner (July 2014). "Measuring poverty in SA" (PDF). The Fieldworker. Vol. 5. Stats SA. Retrieved 20 December 2016.</ref> Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida Katafi •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki •PayTV (M-net / DSTV / TopTV •Tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida •Vacuum Cleaner •Motoci a cikin gida •Motoci a cikin gida •Kwamfuta - tebur / kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka •Wayar layin ƙasa (sai dai wayar hannu ==Manazarta== aovfqxrgvcdwkavrjxzhaqdxlxyhq61 549753 549747 2024-12-01T19:53:16Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 549753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Ma'aunin Matsayin Rayuwa ko LSM kayan aikin talla ne da bincike (daidai da ajin tattalin arziƙin zamantakewa: SEC amma mafi inganci) da ake amfani da shi a Afirka ta Kudu don rarraba ma'auni na rayuwa da kudin shiga da za a iya zubarwa.Ya raba jama'a zuwa kashi goma bisa ga danginsu, tare da LSM 1 shine mafi ƙarancin ma'ana kuma 10 shine mafi girman hanya. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci).Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar martaba mutane bisa ga ikon mallakar sassan daidaitaccen kwandon kaya (wanda ya bambanta akan lokaci). Misali, waɗancan mutanen da suka mallaki tsarin talabijin za su sami matsayi mafi girma a cikin LSM fiye da waɗanda ba su da shi.<ref>Living Standards Measure". South African Audience Research Foundation. Retrieved 20 December 2016.</ref> A taƙaice, LSM shine ma'aunin rashin daidaiton kuɗin shiga, duk da keɓance takamaiman kuɗin shiga a matsayin. ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin da aka gwada.<ref>Ruch, Werner (July 2014). "Measuring poverty in SA" (PDF). The Fieldworker. Vol. 5. Stats SA. Retrieved 20 December 2016.</ref> Abubuwan da ke tattare da shi suna nuna gaskiyar cewa Afirka ta Kudu tana da babban haɗin Gini.[ ==Masu canji na yanzu== Kwandon masu canji na yanzu (2015) da ake amfani da su don ƙididdige LSM shine. •Mazaunan birni (250 000+ •mazauna a wurinda ba birni •Gidan gida / gungu / gidan gari •Ruwan famfo/a gidajegidaje •Wanke toilet a cikin gida •Ruwa mai zafi •Gina a cikin dakin gurki •Babu ma'aikatan gida ko masu lambu •Sabis na tsaro na gida Katafi •wayoyin hannu guda 2 a cikin gida •3 ko fiye da wayoyin hannu a cikin gida •Sifili ko saitin rediyo ɗaya a cikin gida •Na'urar sanyaya iska (banda magoya baya •Wajan iyo •Mai kunna DVD / Blu Ray player •Firiji ko firji da aka haɗa/firiza •Wutar lantarki • tanda mai dumame •injin mai samar da sanyi,na tsaye •Injin wanki •Tumble bushewa •injin wanki •PayTV (M-net / DSTV / TopTV •Tsarin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida •Vacuum Cleaner •Motoci a cikin gida •Motoci a cikin gida •Kwamfuta - tebur / kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka •Wayar layin ƙasa (sai dai wayar hannu ==Manazarta== texy3kcraey727a919r8wwmqmr8site 0 88383 549679 2024-12-01T19:27:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL). 549679 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL). r0cw02p31oo1m3x8ubwmeql4rddgkca 549680 549679 2024-12-01T19:28:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL. ohmnqc3gmwsz3jtpcpoi6y4u2wvpftz 549681 549680 2024-12-01T19:28:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. 7xocqx6iughfcjz51kv671x6h8w9h1p 549684 549681 2024-12-01T19:29:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549684 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== 23diey5f80w60k4lgvpnnl8yfadj4yr 549685 549684 2024-12-01T19:30:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549685 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956. j95jsr5ylxmhvapun4ruktgjmyj1zxr 549687 549685 2024-12-01T19:30:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549687 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> bgduwgj2zxf5ckrma7kpzl4qmfprlsn 549689 549687 2024-12-01T19:31:08Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549689 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas), iki0ooi4nx6czw884oj4rdsv2zk8pq8 549690 549689 2024-12-01T19:31:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549690 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref> sd7iz6nqty1yakk7ygcnnr76ezh61mp 549692 549690 2024-12-01T19:31:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549692 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957. bttv9qy9tw9cvg3nloynrms5c1quw0r 549694 549692 2024-12-01T19:32:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549694 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> hzopi80006ower3rt23acsrhut76989 549697 549694 2024-12-01T19:33:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549697 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== nx7yu5y3j6vg4cgeyndjtwluxn0rubn 549700 549697 2024-12-01T19:33:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549700 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl. gqdepuljcg26sg9ygu1pqes81q72rj4 549702 549700 2024-12-01T19:34:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko. ddlhgsbc0up2q8s5szzlf1r3z0snyu7 549703 549702 2024-12-01T19:34:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> d8m7i4gqc22eqox5y0br1tpsuivawfw 549705 549703 2024-12-01T19:35:11Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. 551ubmypmt1yv47asshh416gdsb9j14 549706 549705 2024-12-01T19:35:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara. myjsjpbd4u1nifbxqpwjd3iit6nott0 549707 549706 2024-12-01T19:36:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549707 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff. qtz4suodpupc57kqsxoxc09te2mipas 549709 549707 2024-12-01T19:36:42Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. tj9jn1jpyvskt40vwkperabt9iyzh2i 549711 549709 2024-12-01T19:37:23Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas." kmmvw5ah6bvhbep1qttn2qotx8uvcvb 549712 549711 2024-12-01T19:37:42Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549712 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref> oi7a3ryewzr7iufmsvgc1yths2rmo2d 549714 549712 2024-12-01T19:38:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549714 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa. p0fjswahw7dzk74bb5v0rxh3tziizle 549715 549714 2024-12-01T19:38:43Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549715 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442). eu1jdbyuzchivyz0oslf6e9h7x8x9gq 549717 549715 2024-12-01T19:39:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549717 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers. e1m8nnwfvd1wbd428rugzvs9x40nhov 549718 549717 2024-12-01T19:39:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549718 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. memu87mwd1q5k813gf1vmdynjm3vauf 549720 549718 2024-12-01T19:40:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21. tfoj67ygk3zjeg3f0dmqljc87c1ujjz 549722 549720 2024-12-01T19:40:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> 49iykhze8dgvvg2tyafz5gvsqukq5iy 549724 549722 2024-12-01T19:41:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549724 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965. e4t76425u9m4ahr0ihxagsviti2kb09 549725 549724 2024-12-01T19:41:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans. j2vbrwd731vnvi919ijhv9rkapttfgc 549727 549725 2024-12-01T19:42:26Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi. 8ce8c3asbtujw35txd3g51rqjno6es8 549729 549727 2024-12-01T19:42:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref> 6l6dhaum8pxye8gqhtz7vgor0ycs06y 549731 549729 2024-12-01T19:43:22Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549731 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa. 2g2qvgadkja470aq3tx5rt5zp22uxqg 549732 549731 2024-12-01T19:43:58Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7. h20fdtxdyetpvm2wd1bms0i3qphod84 549733 549732 2024-12-01T19:44:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549733 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref> 5dobp4yd53blb4qx17r3nfspywx5aqz 549735 549733 2024-12-01T19:45:10Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549735 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York. 5sopkgryt6pwxje4bpcl8pqiyikm8bb 549737 549735 2024-12-01T19:45:37Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549737 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> 9fvg7wzeximw0vi2sl89n8f1z7d6rs4 549738 549737 2024-12-01T19:46:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549738 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka. pbmlbariu0olcmh7oj29njwqgsvueda 549740 549738 2024-12-01T19:47:06Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. g790qncvhg08nazitgzo9r3qsu52198 549742 549740 2024-12-01T19:47:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549742 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019. 8ktmu8mjasy48y3a7fq68v2uce7rzp7 549743 549742 2024-12-01T19:48:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> nnrxg95n5ymuefuv4cmoycfe7nfb824 549746 549743 2024-12-01T19:49:01Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' lmzoborpk8rqjut3ypq6grw6xrq6pp3 549748 549746 2024-12-01T19:50:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci. 4wbyfmkabl8edks0owy4b0u5jqth7o4 549749 549748 2024-12-01T19:50:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549749 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref> m8p17vj63yti7tt07g39i0298lskg9g 549750 549749 2024-12-01T19:51:27Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare. 31vpnuaxojb2kjmnnqwjkocn6stzt61 549751 549750 2024-12-01T19:52:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) sm85df3jbnj6n74l9m5qg1gsvf94zw5 549752 549751 2024-12-01T19:52:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare. 0wdta5p1ou5sbfzwv57aavhrqr2n2p0 549754 549752 2024-12-01T19:53:31Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref> kkdfapjsioeyue8im26afpqacndhkkz 549755 549754 2024-12-01T19:54:05Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). d9t5sq84z0wrf6iqg7c1qgf6k06wb5w 549756 549755 2024-12-01T19:54:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). Da aka tambaye shi game da kuskurensa bayan wasan, Haynes ya ce "Na san za mu bukaci iska a bayanmu a cikin kwata na shida." 1nzu7wf7nwcn997mtluiwmglrqn80wf 549757 549756 2024-12-01T19:55:11Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). Da aka tambaye shi game da kuskurensa bayan wasan, Haynes ya ce "Na san za mu bukaci iska a bayanmu a cikin kwata na shida." ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== neqgbbbm6zjb6fc454wv9j0dkhbgbv4 549758 549757 2024-12-01T19:55:38Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549758 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). Da aka tambaye shi game da kuskurensa bayan wasan, Haynes ya ce "Na san za mu bukaci iska a bayanmu a cikin kwata na shida." ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== Haynes dan uwan Sly Stone ne, Rose Stone, da Freddie Stone of Sly and the Family Stone. acbzo2qbvgnrric63fvk0zardzr20v3 549760 549758 2024-12-01T19:56:00Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549760 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). Da aka tambaye shi game da kuskurensa bayan wasan, Haynes ya ce "Na san za mu bukaci iska a bayanmu a cikin kwata na shida." ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== Haynes dan uwan Sly Stone ne, Rose Stone, da Freddie Stone of Sly and the Family Stone.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=YRIM1weHOZIC&pg=PA3</ref> 5pfbzpo8c57r1jx6trb02ytj13v3j98 549762 549760 2024-12-01T19:56:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549762 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). Da aka tambaye shi game da kuskurensa bayan wasan, Haynes ya ce "Na san za mu bukaci iska a bayanmu a cikin kwata na shida." ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== Haynes dan uwan Sly Stone ne, Rose Stone, da Freddie Stone of Sly and the Family Stone.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=YRIM1weHOZIC&pg=PA3</ref> Haynes ya mutu a Dallas a ranar 17 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 86. jihfncmm2cipqzn10644ov571fn5ji7 549764 549762 2024-12-01T19:56:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). Da aka tambaye shi game da kuskurensa bayan wasan, Haynes ya ce "Na san za mu bukaci iska a bayanmu a cikin kwata na shida." ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== Haynes dan uwan Sly Stone ne, Rose Stone, da Freddie Stone of Sly and the Family Stone.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=YRIM1weHOZIC&pg=PA3</ref> Haynes ya mutu a Dallas a ranar 17 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 86.<ref>https://www.kansascity.com/sports/nfl/kansas-city-chiefs/article290205059.html</ref> 3hg3g0xzlch8x2tvgi2a9glbfiveire 549765 549764 2024-12-01T19:57:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). Da aka tambaye shi game da kuskurensa bayan wasan, Haynes ya ce "Na san za mu bukaci iska a bayanmu a cikin kwata na shida." ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== Haynes dan uwan Sly Stone ne, Rose Stone, da Freddie Stone of Sly and the Family Stone.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=YRIM1weHOZIC&pg=PA3</ref> Haynes ya mutu a Dallas a ranar 17 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 86.<ref>https://www.kansascity.com/sports/nfl/kansas-city-chiefs/article290205059.html</ref> ==MANAZARTA== sr1hw1sakf9pqk9n5t2001b0snjtj5u 549885 549765 2024-12-01T23:04:04Z Gwanki 3834 /* MANAZARTA */ 549885 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na Jihar Texas ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). Da aka tambaye shi game da kuskurensa bayan wasan, Haynes ya ce "Na san za mu bukaci iska a bayanmu a cikin kwata na shida." ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== Haynes dan uwan Sly Stone ne, Rose Stone, da Freddie Stone of Sly and the Family Stone.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=YRIM1weHOZIC&pg=PA3</ref> Haynes ya mutu a Dallas a ranar 17 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 86.<ref>https://www.kansascity.com/sports/nfl/kansas-city-chiefs/article290205059.html</ref> ==Manazarta== caly36q9iqds2g0llw50a4ptoxgs9jm 549886 549885 2024-12-01T23:05:13Z Gwanki 3834 549886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abner Haynes''' (Satumba 19, 1937 - Yuli 18, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] wanda ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ya dawo ƙwararren a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Amurka (AFL).Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji don Eagles na [[Texas|Jihar Texas]] ta Arewa kuma Oakland Raiders ya zaba a cikin daftarin 1960 AFL.Hakanan Pittsburgh Steelers ya zaɓe shi a zagaye na biyar na daftarin 1960 NFL. ==Rayuwa da haɗin kai== An haife shi a Denton, Texas, Haynes ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Lincoln a Dallas a cikin 1956.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref>Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa na kwaleji a Kwalejin Jihar Texas ta Arewa a Denton (yanzu Jami'ar North Texas),<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mm0tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w4kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208%2C780241</ref>inda shi da abokin wasansa Leon King suka haɗu da ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin jihar Texas a cikin 1957.<ref>https://blogs.library.unt.edu/unt125/2015/10/12/corsicana-incident-1956/</ref> ==Sana'a=== Kodayake an zaɓa a zagaye na biyar (55th gaba ɗaya) na 1960 NFL daftarin ta Pittsburgh Steelers, Haynes ya zaɓi ya taka leda a Dallas Texans na AFL, yana sanya hannu kan kwantiraginsa tare da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ragamar filin Kidd bayan 1959 Sun Bowl.Haynes ya jagoranci AFL a cikin yunƙurin gaggawa, yadudduka, da TDs a cikin shekararsa ta farko.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r8sgAAAAIBAJ&pg=5364%2C1796204</ref> Mahaifin Haynes, minista, ya shawarci matashin ya taka leda a AFL bayan kocin Buddy Parker da kwata-kwata Bobby Layne na Steelers sun kai ziyarar buguwa gidan Haynes. Haynes ya taimaka wajen tallata AFL a cikin 1960, lokacin da ya kasance dan wasa na farko na bana, kuma na farko na Rookie na Shekara.Ya kama kambi na farko na AFL tare da yadudduka 875, kuma ya jagoranci Texans don karɓar, dawo da dawowa, da dawowar kickoff.Haynes ya shafe shekaru uku a Dallas da biyu tare da ikon amfani da kamfani ɗaya lokacin da ya zama Shugabannin Kansas City a 1963. Shugabannin da Eagles na Arewacin Texas duk sun yi ritaya lambarsa 28 don girmama nasarorin da ya samu. Stram ya ce "Shi dan wasa ne kafin su yi magana game da 'yan wasan ikon amfani da sunan kamfani." "Ya yi duka - gaggauce, karba, dawowar kickoff, dawowa. Ya ba mu girman da muke bukata don zama kungiya mai kyau a Dallas."<ref>https://talesfromtheamericanfootballleague.com/the-amazing-abner-haynes/</ref>6-kafa (1.83 m), 190-laba (86 kg) Haynes, wanda ke da babban gudu da kuma motsa motsi a cikin filin bude, ya kasance a kai a kai a cikin manyan 10 na AFL (3rd duk lokaci), kuma ya kafa rikodin AFL tare da 5 taɓawa a wasa, 19 a cikin kakar wasa a 1961, da 46 a cikin aikinsa.Haynes har yanzu yana da rikodin ikon amfani da sunan kamfani na Texans 10, gami da mafi yawan maki a cikin wasa (30), mafi yawan taɓawa a cikin wasa (5), da yawancin yadudduka da aka haɗa (8,442).Ya kasance babban kocin Hall of Fame Hank Stram mafi kyawun makami kuma mai haɗari daga 1960 zuwa 1962, yana tara abubuwan taɓawa 43 da yadudduka 4,472 akan garzaya da liyafar. A cikin 1962, ya taimaka wa Texans lashe wasan zakarun AFL a cikin nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu akan zakaran kare sau biyu Houston Oilers.A lokacin shi ne wasan ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa mafi tsayi da aka taɓa yi. A cikin waccan wasan, Haynes ya zira kwallaye a ragar liyafar wucewa ta yadi 28 daga kwata-kwata Len Dawson, da kuma gudun yadi 2. Wani sanannen wasa na Haynes ya kasance a cikin 1962 a ranar Satumba 30 a kan Buffalo Bills a Cotton Bowl; ya gudu don yadudduka 164 akan ƙoƙarin 16 kawai (yadi 10+ a kowane ɗaukar hoto), tare da gudu biyu na taɓawa, ɗayan yadudduka na 71 da ɗayan yadudduka 13, a cikin nasarar Texans '41-21.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=x8AeAAAAIBAJ&pg=2629%2C119491</ref> Daga nan an yi cinikin Haynes zuwa Denver Broncos kafin lokacin 1965.Haynes ya yi imanin cewa cinikin ya kasance ramuwar gayya ne saboda sa hannu a cikin 'yan wasa bakaken fata da dama da suka kauracewa wasan kwallon kafa na Amurka a shekarar 1965, wanda ya kamata a yi a New Orleans, saboda cin zarafi da bakar fata 'yan wasa ke yi daga otal-otal da kasuwanci a New Orleans.An koma da wasan cikin sauri zuwa Houston bayan zanga-zangar 'yan wasan. A cewar Haynes, ya samu wasika daga kungiyar sarakunan da ke tsawatar masa kan abin da ya aikata, kuma ba da jimawa ba aka yi ciniki da shi.<ref>https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qq1WAAAAIBAJ&pg=3131%2C1864505</ref>A cikin 1965, ya zira kwallaye uku masu gaugawa, biyu yana karɓar taɓawa, kuma ya dawo da lamba ɗaya don taɓawa.Ya kuma jagoranci gasar a wasan kick dawowa (34), kick dawo yadudduka (901), matsakaita dawowa (26.5), kuma ya kasance na hudu a gasar a duk yadudduka (1,404). A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, ya dawo da 3 kicks 140 yadi don rikodin ikon ikon amfani da ikon amfani da madaidaicin 46.7.<ref>As of 2017</ref>A cikin 1966, yana da yadi 304 yana gaggawa da 480 yana karba, amma ya jagoranci gasar tare da fumbles 11 kuma an sake shi. A cikin 1967, ya buga wa Miami Dolphins duka, da Jets na New York.<ref>"Jets snatch up castoff Haynes". Victoria Advocate. Texas. Associated Press. December 7, 1967. p. 14A.</ref> A lokacin ƙwararrun yanayi na 8, Haynes ya ɗauki kwallon sau 1,036 don yadudduka 4,630, matsakaicin 4.5; kama 287 wucewa don yadi 3,535, matsakaicin 12.3, da 20 touchdowns; ya dawo 85 punts don yadudduka 875, matsakaicin 10.3, da 1 taɓawa; kuma ya gudu baya 121 kickoffs don yadudduka 3,025, matsakaicin 25.0, da taɓawa 1. Yadi na 12,065 na haɗin gwiwa shine rikodin ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka.Haynes yana da wasanni uku a ciki wanda ya sami yadi 100 ko sama da haka akan 14 ko ƙasa da ɗauka, kuma an zaɓi shi zuwa ƙungiyar All-Time All-AFL ta biyu. Yana da wani shiri mai suna "Heroes of Football" wanda ke haɗa tsoffin ƙwararrun 'yan wasa da al'ummominsu. A cikin 2019, Ƙwararrun Masu Binciken Kwallon Kafa ta suna Haynes zuwa Zauren PFRA na Kyakkyawan Class na 2019.<ref>http://www.profootballresearchers.org/hall-of-very-good-2019.html</ref> '''"Za mu kara zuwa Clock"''' A cikin 1962 AFL Championship Game, Haynes ya yi abin da zai iya zama kuskure mai tsada a farkon karin lokaci.<ref>http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/12/24/page/21/article/haynes-had-orders-but</ref>Koci Stram, yana sane da iska mai karfi a filin wasa na Jeppesen, ya umurci Haynes, idan Texans suka lashe tsabar kudin, su zabi karshen filin da ke fuskantar agogon filin wasa, wanda zai ba wa Texans iska a bayansu. (A cikin ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa na Amurka, ƙungiyar da ta lashe tsabar tsabar kuɗi za ta iya zaɓar ko dai don zaɓar ko za ta fara ko ta karɓi bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, ko kuma ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare.Idan zaɓen ƙungiyar ya kasance game da kisa, ɗayan ƙungiyar za ta zaɓi burin da za ta kare; kuma akasin haka.) Texans sun sami nasarar jefa tsabar. Haynes, yana ɗauka cewa lokacin da Texans suka zaɓi burin da za su kare, Oilers za su zaɓa don karɓar bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida (don haka samun damar fara cin kwallo), ya gaya wa alkalin wasa, "Za mu yi wasa da agogo." Duk da haka, ta hanyar farawa da kalmomin "Za mu harba", Haynes ya sanya zaben Texans don farawa, yana barin masu Oilers, ba Texans ba, su zaɓi burin da za su kare.<ref>"Haynes had orders, but..." Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1962. p. 1, part 3.</ref>Texans sun ceci Haynes daga abin kunya ta hanyar barin Oilers su zira kwallaye a wannan karin lokaci na farko, sannan suka yi nasara a wasan a ragar filin Tommy Brooker na minti 2 da 54 a cikin karin lokaci na biyu (bayan kungiyoyin sun sauya karshen). Da aka tambaye shi game da kuskurensa bayan wasan, Haynes ya ce "Na san za mu bukaci iska a bayanmu a cikin kwata na shida." ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== Haynes dan uwan Sly Stone ne, Rose Stone, da Freddie Stone of Sly and the Family Stone.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=YRIM1weHOZIC&pg=PA3</ref> Haynes ya mutu a Dallas a ranar 17 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 86.<ref>https://www.kansascity.com/sports/nfl/kansas-city-chiefs/article290205059.html</ref> ==Manazarta== 36nop48mbc50qrs67i2az4r1o4cu8fa 0 88385 549774 2024-12-01T20:55:38Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} 549774 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} 1cuz34gp65axujgbyib7d5oqwb73c81 549775 549774 2024-12-01T20:56:37Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima. q05hv92mnko0d1773km3pt1i9smql4f 549776 549775 2024-12-01T20:57:07Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref> pp9izgccy5opclkny2xi6589c839etw 549777 549776 2024-12-01T20:57:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014). exb0hlqmovt4qzkd356euk9t7xkpf9c 549778 549777 2024-12-01T20:58:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549778 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> c7552k44yv99ux8esh216695q2ru2m6 549779 549778 2024-12-01T20:58:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549779 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== 6jo5d68harxl9nyqu59g3qydblb1rol 549780 549779 2024-12-01T20:59:05Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang. bze8zox74xpu72210lkj6zu79anpqs3 549781 549780 2024-12-01T20:59:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement. 0503lwufeaea53gvhi10qyhxx76bh8e 549782 549781 2024-12-01T21:00:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549782 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba. 7x4pw9lwf5tt1lbkucmqh00pt7qv62n 549784 549782 2024-12-01T21:00:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu. iqwldssrjodtbvtx8jyc630u3yo0v9n 549785 549784 2024-12-01T21:01:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> a0fjpqo7obk71z0desf87m5uinme7ek 549786 549785 2024-12-01T21:01:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou. bxvplzuexhpolo41h3pt14cfs4rk113 549787 549786 2024-12-01T21:02:26Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549787 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta. 5qim6f91i9dikmb3lkhvq7h7eiw5qlr 549788 549787 2024-12-01T21:03:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> 272gk8hydjm4l7imkwtu7zlnxb3h7a9 549789 549788 2024-12-01T21:03:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai. 30smv1wv2w1wkosj3r8p4vznsrwhyv7 549790 549789 2024-12-01T21:04:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549790 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964). d4uqcfo0qerdh0ht25e3g6sdh9odulk 549791 549790 2024-12-01T21:05:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> r7vwvsjc7k2g9onhko2657o3patijy3 549792 549791 2024-12-01T21:06:00Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta. 73fwwrvxqtlee6em55v49xfi20wii88 549793 549792 2024-12-01T21:07:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549793 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960. hw905uod7w2fmuflzugwdi9eyyeoedm 549794 549793 2024-12-01T21:07:53Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549794 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> g7yez2o4un2iaslx8knc38jl7u7pokj 549795 549794 2024-12-01T21:08:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549795 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta. da5yy9vezquo09h5p5pz8t4yruh7ieb 549796 549795 2024-12-01T21:09:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin. 7p18s4v4qf2wp0sm9wok6rn0j1qg42s 549797 549796 2024-12-01T21:09:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549797 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref> pvx09nrt58of6zffooroc3lvz816upl 549798 549797 2024-12-01T21:10:27Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa. mvpszur7wdwl6i8jbzm04pce6vr8x0x 549799 549798 2024-12-01T21:11:01Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu. mrgnz2mh2thzvu3wbmm7ptufjawq0hk 549801 549799 2024-12-01T21:11:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> b0fbekc363zwh1aiipzhl1rql9akkg9 549802 549801 2024-12-01T21:12:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time. iiz6bxt3pcr9vkfv9lzrbps6fr3hrcz 549803 549802 2024-12-01T21:13:08Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549803 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> 3eofhxu2z7uzn7b0hzmxb2npz9y756e 549804 549803 2024-12-01T21:13:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006). ois8eu6n0dddsek265hrijf236cx860 549805 549804 2024-12-01T21:14:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014). bi3jy2uvo7vwqcqgrg1wmgkvj243vxe 549806 549805 2024-12-01T21:14:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020). snq3efvnlx1dafwfagi2tg0wcler363 549807 549806 2024-12-01T21:15:11Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> q62kwa3udjn3m2iwai4ghfqokjrqtdd 549808 549807 2024-12-01T21:15:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549808 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance." 6j8h6bwkzsmp0zb9n519fjjofw43t9a 549809 549808 2024-12-01T21:16:07Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> 5ppc0ugjnh0ga4av9gpy5xyrlwto491 549810 549809 2024-12-01T21:16:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78. es2my5yut9npvct8o75gd7ly8ueu0z3 549811 549810 2024-12-01T21:17:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref> 65vl29nfqq0618c73vhgd60ytw35rgh 549812 549811 2024-12-01T21:17:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ihkg3evsgh7tihlsl5sdu83xzx0113o 549813 549812 2024-12-01T21:19:00Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== s26rs0q36d5fa1lw1yhujs0knd7hhiw 549814 549813 2024-12-01T21:19:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi. aooq6zdt49ahsoxk2tm42q4cy4z20mb 549815 549814 2024-12-01T21:20:26Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> gn2gj5a4dtusguexgjclb27hphmmgif 549816 549815 2024-12-01T21:21:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni. syjpvbrlyo5dlhe3fod1evovu0ljlc5 549817 549816 2024-12-01T21:21:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure. f1oq62gdlsu1xvxp5bzb8ckk3mlvdgh 549818 549817 2024-12-01T21:22:11Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref> jfkkrvf2ghj7y503o5w7x4nyzmdnxaq 549819 549818 2024-12-01T21:22:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu. jyd7kuavvrv8pbtlkp4cp91zhdzc5qr 549820 549819 2024-12-01T21:23:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu.<ref>https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121233/8109172</ref> 7ubzmwil3fo66uy0rmxirr7ef9rol5b 549821 549820 2024-12-01T21:23:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu.<ref>https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121233/8109172</ref> A shekara ta 1970, Cheng ya auri ɗan kasuwan Taiwan Yuan Wen-Tung, wanda mahaifinsa shi ne wakilin Shaw Brothers a Taiwan. Ma'auratan sun hadu ne a lokacin da ake yin fim din Shaw Brothers na Lover's Rock a Taiwan; Mahaifiyar Cheng ta yi hasarar kuɗin wasan mahjong a gidan Yuan, kuma an aika Cheng ya kai kuɗin ga mahaifiyar Yuan, inda Cheng ya fara saduwa da Yuan. b3tgjbpt4heclhzgudys2gvpng6wwqt 549823 549821 2024-12-01T21:24:31Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549823 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu.<ref>https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121233/8109172</ref> A shekara ta 1970, Cheng ya auri ɗan kasuwan Taiwan Yuan Wen-Tung, wanda mahaifinsa shi ne wakilin Shaw Brothers a Taiwan. Ma'auratan sun hadu ne a lokacin da ake yin fim din Shaw Brothers na Lover's Rock a Taiwan; Mahaifiyar Cheng ta yi hasarar kuɗin wasan mahjong a gidan Yuan, kuma an aika Cheng ya kai kuɗin ga mahaifiyar Yuan, inda Cheng ya fara saduwa da Yuan.Bayan aurensu, sun ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Ganin cewa Yuan shi ne ɗa tilo a cikin iyalinsa, Cheng ya ji cewa wajibi ne ya haifa masa ɗa. Ta samu ciki takwas da zubar da cikin hudu sannan ta haifi 'ya'ya hudu har aka haifi da namiji. 22r05cvp556t9asps5kusugwpimquin 549824 549823 2024-12-01T21:24:53Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549824 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu.<ref>https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121233/8109172</ref> A shekara ta 1970, Cheng ya auri ɗan kasuwan Taiwan Yuan Wen-Tung, wanda mahaifinsa shi ne wakilin Shaw Brothers a Taiwan. Ma'auratan sun hadu ne a lokacin da ake yin fim din Shaw Brothers na Lover's Rock a Taiwan; Mahaifiyar Cheng ta yi hasarar kuɗin wasan mahjong a gidan Yuan, kuma an aika Cheng ya kai kuɗin ga mahaifiyar Yuan, inda Cheng ya fara saduwa da Yuan.Bayan aurensu, sun ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Ganin cewa Yuan shi ne ɗa tilo a cikin iyalinsa, Cheng ya ji cewa wajibi ne ya haifa masa ɗa. Ta samu ciki takwas da zubar da cikin hudu sannan ta haifi 'ya'ya hudu har aka haifi da namiji.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> m4k747t8yfhw54jacz4eqc9mg8pik9v 549827 549824 2024-12-01T21:25:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu.<ref>https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121233/8109172</ref> A shekara ta 1970, Cheng ya auri ɗan kasuwan Taiwan Yuan Wen-Tung, wanda mahaifinsa shi ne wakilin Shaw Brothers a Taiwan. Ma'auratan sun hadu ne a lokacin da ake yin fim din Shaw Brothers na Lover's Rock a Taiwan; Mahaifiyar Cheng ta yi hasarar kuɗin wasan mahjong a gidan Yuan, kuma an aika Cheng ya kai kuɗin ga mahaifiyar Yuan, inda Cheng ya fara saduwa da Yuan.Bayan aurensu, sun ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Ganin cewa Yuan shi ne ɗa tilo a cikin iyalinsa, Cheng ya ji cewa wajibi ne ya haifa masa ɗa. Ta samu ciki takwas da zubar da cikin hudu sannan ta haifi 'ya'ya hudu har aka haifi da namiji.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A shekara ta 1987, tare da alimoni na dala 100,000, ta sake aure cikin nutsuwa ba tare da sanar da 'ya'yanta ba, kuma ta ci gaba da zama tare da Yuan na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ta tashi. rbwhdr6qg7vytefabf6omciy9teu5js 549831 549827 2024-12-01T21:26:04Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu.<ref>https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121233/8109172</ref> A shekara ta 1970, Cheng ya auri ɗan kasuwan Taiwan Yuan Wen-Tung, wanda mahaifinsa shi ne wakilin Shaw Brothers a Taiwan. Ma'auratan sun hadu ne a lokacin da ake yin fim din Shaw Brothers na Lover's Rock a Taiwan; Mahaifiyar Cheng ta yi hasarar kuɗin wasan mahjong a gidan Yuan, kuma an aika Cheng ya kai kuɗin ga mahaifiyar Yuan, inda Cheng ya fara saduwa da Yuan.Bayan aurensu, sun ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Ganin cewa Yuan shi ne ɗa tilo a cikin iyalinsa, Cheng ya ji cewa wajibi ne ya haifa masa ɗa. Ta samu ciki takwas da zubar da cikin hudu sannan ta haifi 'ya'ya hudu har aka haifi da namiji.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A shekara ta 1987, tare da alimoni na dala 100,000, ta sake aure cikin nutsuwa ba tare da sanar da 'ya'yanta ba, kuma ta ci gaba da zama tare da Yuan na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ta tashi.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> bvg5vn0g0wp913km9kwijqa4fsb90kk 549834 549831 2024-12-01T21:26:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu.<ref>https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121233/8109172</ref> A shekara ta 1970, Cheng ya auri ɗan kasuwan Taiwan Yuan Wen-Tung, wanda mahaifinsa shi ne wakilin Shaw Brothers a Taiwan. Ma'auratan sun hadu ne a lokacin da ake yin fim din Shaw Brothers na Lover's Rock a Taiwan; Mahaifiyar Cheng ta yi hasarar kuɗin wasan mahjong a gidan Yuan, kuma an aika Cheng ya kai kuɗin ga mahaifiyar Yuan, inda Cheng ya fara saduwa da Yuan.Bayan aurensu, sun ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Ganin cewa Yuan shi ne ɗa tilo a cikin iyalinsa, Cheng ya ji cewa wajibi ne ya haifa masa ɗa. Ta samu ciki takwas da zubar da cikin hudu sannan ta haifi 'ya'ya hudu har aka haifi da namiji.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A shekara ta 1987, tare da alimoni na dala 100,000, ta sake aure cikin nutsuwa ba tare da sanar da 'ya'yanta ba, kuma ta ci gaba da zama tare da Yuan na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ta tashi.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Dan Cheng, Harry Yuan, mai masaukin baki ne kan National Geographic, kuma 'ya'yanta mata Jennifer, Marsha, da Eugenia Yuan duk 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ne. 6tk4ywhpmji75hxmgrufr8ageovw8hp 549838 549834 2024-12-01T21:26:58Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu.<ref>https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121233/8109172</ref> A shekara ta 1970, Cheng ya auri ɗan kasuwan Taiwan Yuan Wen-Tung, wanda mahaifinsa shi ne wakilin Shaw Brothers a Taiwan. Ma'auratan sun hadu ne a lokacin da ake yin fim din Shaw Brothers na Lover's Rock a Taiwan; Mahaifiyar Cheng ta yi hasarar kuɗin wasan mahjong a gidan Yuan, kuma an aika Cheng ya kai kuɗin ga mahaifiyar Yuan, inda Cheng ya fara saduwa da Yuan.Bayan aurensu, sun ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Ganin cewa Yuan shi ne ɗa tilo a cikin iyalinsa, Cheng ya ji cewa wajibi ne ya haifa masa ɗa. Ta samu ciki takwas da zubar da cikin hudu sannan ta haifi 'ya'ya hudu har aka haifi da namiji.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A shekara ta 1987, tare da alimoni na dala 100,000, ta sake aure cikin nutsuwa ba tare da sanar da 'ya'yanta ba, kuma ta ci gaba da zama tare da Yuan na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ta tashi.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Dan Cheng, Harry Yuan, mai masaukin baki ne kan National Geographic, kuma 'ya'yanta mata Jennifer, Marsha, da Eugenia Yuan duk 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ne.<ref>https://www.sfchronicle.com/movies/article/First-major-female-martial-arts-star-Cheng-12883215.php</ref> dwlwq6l5l66qqchypwdc28l0mhhyj6s 549841 549838 2024-12-01T21:27:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cheng Pei-pei''' (6 Janairu 1946 - 17 Yuli 2024) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce 'yar Hong Kong-Amurka wacce ta fara aikinta a 1963 kuma an dauke ta a matsayin jarumar wasan kwaikwayo ta farko ta sinima.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/life/entertainment/cheng-pei-pei-star-of-come-drink-with-me-and-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-dies-at-78</ref>An san ta da fina-finai ku zo ku sha tare da ni (1966), Scholar Flirting (1993), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), jerin talabijin Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004) da nunin gaskiya Divas Hit the Road ( 2014).<ref>https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/film/cheng-pei-pei-on-ang-lee-and-her-iconic-roles-with-shaw-studios</ref> ==Sana'a== An haifi Cheng Jiang PEI-match a Shanghai, tare da gidan kakaninta INS Haoxing, Zhejiang.Ita ce babba a cikin 'yan'uwa hudu, tare da kanne da kanne biyu. Mahaifinta, Jiang Xuecheng, mamba ne na Kuomintang wanda ya yi aiki da 'yan sanda na gundumar Shanghai a cikin Shanghai International Settlement.Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Jiang ya kafa masana'antar tawada ta farko ta kasar Sin. A shekara ta 1952, lokacin da Cheng ke da shekaru 6, an yiwa mahaifinta lakabi a matsayin mai adawa da juyin juya hali kuma aka tura shi sansanin aiki a Mongoliya ta ciki; Ba ta sake ganinsa ba kuma ya rasu a 1963 ba tare da danginsa sun sani ba.Mahaifiyar Cheng, wadda da farko ita ce sakatariyar mahaifinta, daga baya kuma kuyangarsa, ta yanke shawarar canza sunan yaran zuwa nata domin kare su daga illolin siyasar mahaifinsu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Cheng ta halarci makarantar firamare ta duniya a birnin Shanghai, inda ta kasance abokiyar karatun taurarin fina-finai na gaba Grace Chang da Chen Hou.Ta tafi makarantar sakandaren mata ta Shanghai No. 3, inda ta kasance abokiyar makarantar Lydia Shum. Cheng ya yi karatun ballet na tsawon shekaru shida a birnin Shanghai. A tsakiyar shekarun 1950, mahaifiyar Cheng da 'yan'uwansa sun ƙaura zuwa Hong Kong, inda suka bar Cheng a hannun wata yarinya a Shanghai kafin yarinyar ta tafi. Cheng ta yi zaman kanta na tsawon shekaru da dama kuma ta koma Hong Kong a shekarar 1960, a lokacin shekara ta biyu ta karama, don sake haduwa da danginta.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A cikin 1963, an shigar da ita shirin horarwa a Shaw Brothers Studio, bayan ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio kuma ta fara fim ɗinta na farko a cikin The Lotus Lamp (1965), ta buga wani masanin Liu Yanchang a gaban Lin Dai.Cheng ta bi wannan ne da rawar da ta taka na mace ta farko a cikin fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na Taiwanese Lovers' Rock (1964).<ref>http://www.kungfumagazine.com/magazine/index.php?p=article&article=333</ref> Saboda basirarta da raye-raye na Mandarin, ta yi sauri ta tashi a cikin masana'antar fina-finai ta Hong Kong a lokacin da shirye-shiryen yaren Mandarin ya ba da umarnin kasafin kuɗi mafi girma da rarraba fiye da ayyukan Cantonese. Cheng ya shahara saboda tauraro a cikin fim din Hong Kong wuxia Come Drink with Me (1966), wanda King Hu ya jagoranta.An saita shi a lokacin daular Ming, tauraruwar Cheng a matsayin Golden Swallow, ƙwararriyar mai takobi a kan aikin ceto ɗan'uwanta. Cheng ya ci gaba da yin ƙwararrun matan takobi a cikin fina-finai da dama a cikin shekarun 1960.<ref>"Cheng Pei-pei". Chinesemov.com. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</ref> A shekarar 1970, a lokacin da take kololuwar sana'arta, Cheng ta yi aure kuma daga baya ta yi ritaya daga wasan kwaikwayo, inda ta koma Amurka don harkokin kasuwancin mijinta.Ta halarci makarantar kasuwanci a Jami'ar California, Irvine kuma ta koyar da raye-rayen kasar Sin.<ref>http://elaccampusnews.com/2012/03/28/former-l-a-laker-girl-teaches-dance/</ref>A cikin shekarun 1980s, Cheng ta kafa kamfanin samar da talabijin a Amurka kuma ta zagaya a fadin Hawaii da Arewacin California da kudinta don samar da jerin shirye-shirye game da Sinawa Amurkawa.Duk kasuwancin Cheng na TV da aurenta sun gaza a lokaci guda. A 1987, ta rabu da mijinta amma ta ci gaba da zama tare da shi har tsawon shekaru biyu. A cikin 1989, kamfaninta ya bayyana fatarar kudi, kuma Cheng ya fice daga gidansu.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Tare da masanin wasan ban dariya na Flirting Scholar (1993), Cheng ya yi nasarar komawa wasan kwaikwayo a cikin 1990s Hong Kong. A cikin 2000, ta dawo hankalin duniya tare da matsayinta na Jade Fox a cikin Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, wanda Ang Lee ya jagoranta, wanda Cheng ya yi abota a cikin 90s lokacin da ta kasance mai masaukin baki na KSCI's Mandarin talk show, Pei-Pei's Time.<ref>Reid, Craig. "Cheng Pei-Pei". Kung Fu Magazine. Retrieved 14 March 2020.</ref> A cikin karni na 21, ta zama mai taka rawa a duk fadin kasar Sin tare da wasan kwaikwayo na gidan talabijin na kasar Sin irin su Young Justice Bao (2000), Paladin na China (2004), da The Patriot Yue Fei (2012), da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na TV na Singaporean Spring of Life (2002) ) da Matan Zamani (2006).Ta sami sabon shahara a tsakanin matasa tare da farkon kakar wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya na kasar Sin Divas Hit the Road (2014).Shahararrun yabo na kasa da kasa sun hada da fim din Fighter Street: The Legend of Chun-Li (2009), wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Lilting (2014), filin wasan kwaikwayo na Kanada (2017), da fim ɗinta na ƙarshe, wasan kwaikwayo na rayuwa na Disney na Mulan. (2020).<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/cheng-pei-pei-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-come-drink-with-me-actress-dead-at-78-1235952807/</ref> Bayan da ta samu lambar yabo ta sana'ar wasan kwaikwayo a Hongkong a shekarar 2015, Cheng ta yi tunani a kan aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka: "A koyaushe ina tunawa da cewa ina wakiltar jama'ar Hong Kong, don haka ko a ina nake a duniya, zan kasance koyaushe. bayyana kaina a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta Hong Kong kuma in ci gaba da ƙware da ya kamata 'yar wasan Hong Kong ta kasance."<ref>https://www.mytvsuper.com/tc/scoopplus/entertainment/e-news/13587314173832/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82-%E9%84%AD%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%A2%E4%B8%96%E4%B8%A8%E9%8C%A2%E5%98%89%E6%A8%82%E6%84%9F%E6%BF%80%E5%89%8D%E8%BC%A9%E7%84%A1%E7%A7%81%E6%95%99%E5%B0%8E-%E4%BD%A9%E4%BD%A9%E5%A7%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%81%AF%E5%BD%B1%E5%AB%81%E4%BA%BA8%E6%AC%A1%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%954%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%81%E7%94%A2</ref> A cikin 2019, an gano Cheng yana da lalatawar corticobasal, amma ya zaɓi ya ɓoye cutar ta sirri tare da ciyar da sauran lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikoki. Ta mutu a yankin San Francisco Bay a ranar 17 ga Yuli 2024, tana da shekaru 78.<ref>https://variety.com/2024/film/news/cheng-pe-pei-dead-crouching-tiger-hidden-dragon-1236077809/</ref>An ba ta lambar yabo ta Nasara ta Rayuwa bayan mutuwarta a lambar yabo ta 61st Golden Horse Awards. ==Rayuwa ta sirri== Cheng ya kasance mai bin addinin Buddha. Ta kware a yaren Shanghainese, Cantonese, Mandarin da Ingilishi.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvSv2cjuVeY</ref> A shekara ta 1964, yayin da take yin fim ɗin Come Drink tare da Ni, ta kamu da soyayya da Chan Hung-lit, wanda ya yi waƙar Jade-Faced Tiger. Sau da yawa su biyun sun yi jayayya game da kafircin Chan kuma Cheng daga ƙarshe ya bar shi zuwa Yueh Hua, babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Come Drink tare da Ni.Dangantakarsu ta kai shekaru biyar har sai da abokin Cheng Yi Shu, sannan mai ba da rahoto kan nishadi, ya shiga ciki; Cheng ya bar triangle na soyayya ya koma Amurka bayan aure.<ref>https://static.nfnews.com/content/202407/19/c9093150.html?enterColumnId=0</ref>Lokacin da Yi Shu ta gano wasikar Cheng zuwa Yueh daga Amurka, ta fusata sosai har ta yanke tufafin Yueh ta daba wuka a cikin gadonsa. Yi Shu ya kuma bayyana wasiƙar a bainar jama'a ta jaridu, wanda ya jefa auren Cheng cikin haɗari kuma ya sa Yueh ya kawo ƙarshen dangantakarsa da Yi Shu.<ref>https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121233/8109172</ref> A shekara ta 1970, Cheng ya auri ɗan kasuwan Taiwan Yuan Wen-Tung, wanda mahaifinsa shi ne wakilin Shaw Brothers a Taiwan. Ma'auratan sun hadu ne a lokacin da ake yin fim din Shaw Brothers na Lover's Rock a Taiwan; Mahaifiyar Cheng ta yi hasarar kuɗin wasan mahjong a gidan Yuan, kuma an aika Cheng ya kai kuɗin ga mahaifiyar Yuan, inda Cheng ya fara saduwa da Yuan.Bayan aurensu, sun ƙaura zuwa Amurka. Ganin cewa Yuan shi ne ɗa tilo a cikin iyalinsa, Cheng ya ji cewa wajibi ne ya haifa masa ɗa. Ta samu ciki takwas da zubar da cikin hudu sannan ta haifi 'ya'ya hudu har aka haifi da namiji.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref>A shekara ta 1987, tare da alimoni na dala 100,000, ta sake aure cikin nutsuwa ba tare da sanar da 'ya'yanta ba, kuma ta ci gaba da zama tare da Yuan na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ta tashi.<ref>https://www.zaobao.com.sg/entertainment/story20240719-4304745</ref> Dan Cheng, Harry Yuan, mai masaukin baki ne kan National Geographic, kuma 'ya'yanta mata Jennifer, Marsha, da Eugenia Yuan duk 'yan wasan kwaikwayo ne.<ref>https://www.sfchronicle.com/movies/article/First-major-female-martial-arts-star-Cheng-12883215.php</ref> ==MANAZARTA== 0h8n2kso8bszluosdaw0qe1c4n0v95k 3 88386 549825 2024-12-01T21:25:23Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549825 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Blackliwface! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Blackliwface|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) bi8xpfcmo4a8gvw5fqoiy532onze9br 3 88387 549826 2024-12-01T21:25:33Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549826 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, ZyphorianNexus! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/ZyphorianNexus|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) fj8576e039qdgsuh6tqza61tc7tnsvf 3 88388 549828 2024-12-01T21:25:43Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549828 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Khordallilar! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Khordallilar|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) ii0hbq0n7l5fotkv873ygtb5uj9r96i 3 88389 549829 2024-12-01T21:25:53Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549829 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Preence ees sqooare! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Preence ees sqooare|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) 722dq8bpvm3fjrrruowr4bz2ofebzuy 3 88390 549830 2024-12-01T21:26:03Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549830 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, FonbetDownload! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/FonbetDownload|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) 0xyoukv8e2l35afsl4xrsmyt0zmf7de 3 88391 549832 2024-12-01T21:26:13Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549832 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, LGT55! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/LGT55|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) 3hhnqonkfeur8e2i5ed19m3ieuab6fs 3 88392 549833 2024-12-01T21:26:23Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549833 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Retyr02! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Retyr02|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) nrk1rr5h0m8upzl91vnbpoc4r6b9e05 3 88393 549835 2024-12-01T21:26:33Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549835 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Abbaisahgaru! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Abbaisahgaru|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) rquki5c7jewqyghaw6wexu2bixxfojd 3 88394 549836 2024-12-01T21:26:43Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549836 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, AERCTANGE! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/AERCTANGE|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) bj6hmjfylnko2ljg7vyacnwa8cql0ao 3 88395 549837 2024-12-01T21:26:53Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549837 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, 4rius! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/4rius|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) n33xv80saltjctvqb3e3466frmcj3hp 3 88396 549839 2024-12-01T21:27:03Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549839 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ekirahardian! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ekirahardian|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) d82ft9l4x2fseurtfrh9rny2c51ndpq 3 88397 549840 2024-12-01T21:27:13Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 549840 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Digital1dragon! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Digital1dragon|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 1 Disamba 2024 (UTC) 38yi3vfd07usii6acyzy5udxv0tb5ev 0 88398 549850 2024-12-01T21:50:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa. 549850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa. 4zs85h33tkg6amj6dwe5ecq8s38setc 549851 549850 2024-12-01T21:51:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549851 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya. jxullv4qdy3a02si61n8nals1h467lq 549852 549851 2024-12-01T21:52:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> r10iht45o950wfaik53ofbe91fezftk 549853 549852 2024-12-01T21:52:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549853 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C. 906ir25x5s3ase413kah7hu9guyuksg 549854 549853 2024-12-01T21:53:07Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref> 7pasfuworqvr27dkkexu7yjs3mm7omp 549855 549854 2024-12-01T21:53:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu. m7l6uz4evs478bkesbpl4kzqwkh8q3r 549856 549855 2024-12-01T21:53:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549856 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> ih0gfe8mpwwtcehcs9xol97x2kxo1rr 549884 549856 2024-12-01T23:02:53Z Gwanki 3834 549884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> == Manazarta == kpbyuu7ksjcy26qw8x3l313c1nbf7qs 549932 549884 2024-12-02T00:39:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku." h4a2uk777zl3tqbzd64xgn2tdoa9p7n 549933 549932 2024-12-02T00:40:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> 46jspcmvl8l5r5iy7q5j9ls9ue4l0z5 549934 549933 2024-12-02T00:41:01Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549934 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam. 21mq59l8pqly46uyjvhaozlvwx4u8ml 549935 549934 2024-12-02T00:41:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref> 73yms3jxxmhx0pc3tmy7kt8sveyinff 549936 549935 2024-12-02T00:42:10Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta. 670a403bou5aolkwy52o2bse1bpep67 549937 549936 2024-12-02T00:42:46Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> iac50yfqyxi3fs8o8u9ovj6eoe6f1ot 549938 549937 2024-12-02T00:43:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549938 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka. 2u5uynfrant6669w6r1vzfchsa9x73s 549939 549938 2024-12-02T00:43:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref> tslq84j0r76edqsvpyjqv64w5r0ewef 549940 549939 2024-12-02T00:44:31Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music. pptrr6f6pvnh0z1e85xs4med9mstosy 549941 549940 2024-12-02T00:44:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> t6zzpaf5btb0wamx8xw3ock208kp791 549942 549941 2024-12-02T00:45:39Z Abusule dankofa 24259 549942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== ef50810ls8b17qiu201emyq8twv0d38 550252 549942 2024-12-02T10:15:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka. rklmjpka81832vnpejvk6ysv8kxs4hg 550253 550252 2024-12-02T10:16:00Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref> i7pukhrqzkvbt7i6jlfu79ogf0ylq6h 550254 550253 2024-12-02T10:16:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550254 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan Baptist. 44fkcr7z4hd1xg2rchfxte9ex2i4ipu 550256 550254 2024-12-02T10:17:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan. 472itbeg46zmir41xvk0auoz3xvav2h 550258 550256 2024-12-02T10:18:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar. coflr4btrsxhax7q6gt7l97vnx6anxe 550260 550258 2024-12-02T10:19:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550260 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu. hf5juwkg8yvv5rl14m5j1u4pyih6wzs 550261 550260 2024-12-02T10:19:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> jgun3mz6hl5negauy2tk0pcq8gcw673 550262 550261 2024-12-02T10:20:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. 4ki9sjh8v3368d0x89raw3i25luns44 550264 550262 2024-12-02T10:20:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550264 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970. sln37jsj9rnnq9euuvd7922jckrs54j 550265 550264 2024-12-02T10:21:40Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550265 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975. ceup1d9yk8hk75e7gkccyyx2qh4of3t 550266 550265 2024-12-02T10:22:12Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> jz4vwofcdppx5zz3z5u5fqw70tc6gwm 550267 550266 2024-12-02T10:23:01Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== 3sohaoxumpaipg3o1zlui7wyevext6d 550268 550267 2024-12-02T10:23:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550268 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' 70f4ecfuwa154ocra64wr7dk51izgja 550269 550268 2024-12-02T10:24:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550269 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC. f2apyvexu2kukh0zmwspcm3n7w8kds3 550270 550269 2024-12-02T10:24:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550270 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> irlldz6ofcmwevsik7ud4tuzflz8ovw 550272 550270 2024-12-02T10:27:00Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin. 1mx0lbbaerw2bmf4kd5tgd1vnrlrz58 550273 550272 2024-12-02T10:27:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550273 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci. b1erlj75gnvd256e7oluxx12ew9v6sx 550274 550273 2024-12-02T10:28:18Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> 2df6ujn50zrjt8m2gun8ly3hm1hxmwm 550275 550274 2024-12-02T10:29:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa. hrefz71hyidyqy0nmg0sw1uqirh6g3t 550276 550275 2024-12-02T10:29:57Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550276 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda. 9hp810gs7iamufojaavg024k98c9c9d 550277 550276 2024-12-02T10:30:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. a6gf1wjv7sf2ct6qxl5peapri5ihhit 550281 550277 2024-12-02T10:31:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci. r370qi63y1s82v57yddjcw2qy5s8abk 550283 550281 2024-12-02T10:32:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora. 5lz0xgfd4yr5bsfoeucd517ohusg3ym 550284 550283 2024-12-02T10:33:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550284 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." rv8fqqdkgemj3f37q28xpwgmq17tyzr 550285 550284 2024-12-02T10:33:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550285 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' r6f5plf0y9koxsdlijgbnrqknq6tnkc 550286 550285 2024-12-02T10:34:30Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976, idobie0qeiptkwp8ohjz1j69matmmuo 550288 550286 2024-12-02T10:34:58Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref> 6ypq6ov1xk71ht3wgusa2tq4a1op6u6 550289 550288 2024-12-02T10:35:31Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka. ott834iu8xezws8cla5ayptt7tkncnr 550292 550289 2024-12-02T10:36:22Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya. 6yr59jzxugxcb8fz7661gzqn2rbwrr5 550294 550292 2024-12-02T10:36:59Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550294 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> a2vk25msh1660qz9c4zue2vds7xtc7f 550295 550294 2024-12-02T10:37:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita. kbsmfil2erezered7ewauuwmsti14th 550296 550295 2024-12-02T10:38:20Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550296 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> kiqnqpbf9ri6p2rciivxxanbp9n4khd 550297 550296 2024-12-02T10:39:00Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003. f7m1hf864948kx843ip7mzfcb7hvdp5 550299 550297 2024-12-02T10:39:34Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian. reu935j0tdod6r63flctomqtr7fqu1i 550301 550299 2024-12-02T10:40:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550301 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> pnjly0dtoa39h3vqwgbci8x3mz5qojy 550303 550301 2024-12-02T10:41:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550303 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' hz1ee27glljc35s4exwmn6o4cb6zeaj 550305 550303 2024-12-02T10:43:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa." 4243ct5g07gsxxjppas8trw1a012tut 550306 550305 2024-12-02T10:44:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550306 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu. 8eros8d8hy9mafvl2zeb353s6yvcnhc 550307 550306 2024-12-02T10:44:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550307 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers". jbhoh8g8d0hgrjpcxankgdgncy0svm0 550308 550307 2024-12-02T10:45:11Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550308 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> fs1o163x34b5gg41enzpm5fzm60nnb5 550309 550308 2024-12-02T10:45:56Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke. pyqmk1mj77z0rnv5gsdd8cxf23agzfd 550311 550309 2024-12-02T10:47:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550311 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990) . fl5ccdf35slj8jcqg46ulja9ogxnuhj 550313 550311 2024-12-02T10:47:53Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550313 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize. imdtpcur9441n94z2l4clwclafah1vi 550314 550313 2024-12-02T10:48:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550314 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref> fr1fvdsh2vb416do1xjae9ku0q88lsg 550316 550314 2024-12-02T10:51:29Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke. 03c9er2ck66h74c4oz3si21t2f3yms4 550317 550316 2024-12-02T10:52:02Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550317 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref> fi139y24g4wwrsd7z8ltyszqv0jjsbw 550318 550317 2024-12-02T10:52:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata." rxiw93i739p6ipar6qs149oz3xqtks7 550319 550318 2024-12-02T10:53:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550319 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4, 1942 - Yuli 16, 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> n3hihe2qdwou6o899jmk2hmnpo55tpi 550320 550319 2024-12-02T10:54:18Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550320 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yuli 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> e10vh9k63fmdnoz2ej2ydptmlnrt0xf 550321 550320 2024-12-02T10:55:06Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550321 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> nl1sk77wdwtoqk3jv3rn53zo5jrc19e 550322 550321 2024-12-02T10:55:48Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550322 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref>Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta. jxbhb1c0luio056sorjx5j592c4sgkl 550323 550322 2024-12-02T10:56:07Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref>Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta. qmjpz2dvlgeu8ufcwxpe77e3gg6mjsd 550325 550323 2024-12-02T10:56:44Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta. 9ruee24fs9cbad1aa3nw8gq1si0ya4r 550326 550325 2024-12-02T10:56:56Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta. g15c80rgtsamq1ntq37r8gg33rz8646 550328 550326 2024-12-02T10:57:23Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci. su2fh5drccivhcoypi9gulg8j8vopqd 550330 550328 2024-12-02T10:57:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa. 7h10pgih5472griq4t9zguck5mdz2bb 550331 550330 2024-12-02T10:58:17Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550331 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> 1e6sqzmdi5xtkhk61x3eo8tpv79ylfw 550332 550331 2024-12-02T10:58:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550332 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). pz5wph10fgm688ev2spjrryuszbn8vc 550333 550332 2024-12-02T10:59:21Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550333 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci. 492g02n5f0wf3t0ekm55uzghy3zfb6v 550334 550333 2024-12-02T10:59:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550334 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> eonl12e5ocuu0z7t244wmqm82qo6yce 550335 550334 2024-12-02T11:00:43Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock. 985llbql4h2klsfh0fhzvcx1b3u6zc1 550337 550335 2024-12-02T11:01:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine. j1hqhschd2pzh5cc5c84ordsurl11lq 550340 550337 2024-12-02T11:02:23Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550340 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, a shekara ta 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, a shekarar 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press,a shekara ta 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine. 3liap0vhgdpxvbuqvtdd8vwfs8tdxmf 550343 550340 2024-12-02T11:03:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550343 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. jso3kwot5a41f2t9ku7db61mrowegv2 550350 550343 2024-12-02T11:05:07Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== swxoyz4rk4nbracjhvwapfn9auzhpmk 550353 550350 2024-12-02T11:05:51Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci. 28bt7f5j5ox7yyatl84v2s5vp68iw5z 550354 550353 2024-12-02T11:06:16Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550354 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> ssvomnncqgikwzsc8em72hjrfc2cwwr 550356 550354 2024-12-02T11:07:01Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau." c2vf7q6vnvhz2kpl4m4xoj3v0cmz4ym 550358 550356 2024-12-02T11:07:24Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> 26b2b5i62e7jep76awdmnk4t7pcoeun 550360 550358 2024-12-02T11:07:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a 2024. k5vx55vo2b0dwofba2wdjmgglsu13nu 550361 550360 2024-12-02T11:08:27Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 81. fdq2dvmmmoqcwhuhsqj9y0xx5hjmd0v 550363 550361 2024-12-02T11:08:58Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550363 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 81.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref> aoagpeyle93mkcym1p8al9vncarztia 550365 550363 2024-12-02T11:09:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550365 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 81.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref>Diyarta Toshi Reagon ta tabbatar da mutuwar ta. gcc9wdjokg5mgme8l67guokx177gwzz 550368 550365 2024-12-02T11:10:33Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 81.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref>Diyarta Toshi Reagon ta tabbatar da mutuwar ta,<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2024/07/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref> edqhjo6hkbdu2nt3r2e762xopcbkfye 550369 550368 2024-12-02T11:11:06Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 81.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref>Diyarta Toshi Reagon ta tabbatar da mutuwar ta,<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2024/07/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>da kuma ta Courtland Cox, shugaban Ɗaliban Ƙwararrun Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru. tipntmc7sucgotoc6d9x5ber8bgo5ew 550370 550369 2024-12-02T11:11:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 81.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref>Diyarta Toshi Reagon ta tabbatar da mutuwar ta,<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2024/07/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>da kuma ta Courtland Cox, shugaban Ɗaliban Ƙwararrun Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref> ntfqd91gpv9z63qa2frutifv6d9rlu6 550371 550370 2024-12-02T11:12:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550371 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 81.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref>Diyarta Toshi Reagon ta tabbatar da mutuwar ta,<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2024/07/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>da kuma ta Courtland Cox, shugaban Ɗaliban Ƙwararrun Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref> ==MANAZARTA== ialvht7bp8hhwwka0lc5k0n9ifp9jf0 550384 550371 2024-12-02T11:19:00Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550384 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (a shekarar 1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (a shekara ta 1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, a shekarar 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, a shekarar 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin shekara ta 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 2024, yana da shekaru 81.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref>Diyarta Toshi Reagon ta tabbatar da mutuwar ta,<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2024/07/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>da kuma ta Courtland Cox, shugaban Ɗaliban Ƙwararrun Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref> ==MANAZARTA== fkc6x7j5a91a0xyb262cbo5cz55hone 550391 550384 2024-12-02T11:22:26Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga 1993 zuwa 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (a shekarar 1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (a shekara ta 1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, a shekara ta 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, a shekarar 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, a shekarar 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin shekara ta 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a shekarar 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a shekarar 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 2024, yana da shekaru 81.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref>Diyarta Toshi Reagon ta tabbatar da mutuwar ta,<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2024/07/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>da kuma ta Courtland Cox, shugaban Ɗaliban Ƙwararrun Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref> ==MANAZARTA== 9qwuq7e1bvxppwcilxuy4ggvzo3jhea 550396 550391 2024-12-02T11:24:13Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Bernice Johnson Reagon''' (Oktoba 4 ga wata, shekara ta 1942 zuwa Yuli 16 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) jagoran waƙar Ba'amurke ne, mawaki, farfesa na tarihin Amurka, mai kula da Smithsonian, kuma mai fafutukar zamantakewa.A farkon shekarun 1960, ta kasance memba na kafa mawaƙa na 'Yanci, wanda Kwamitin Gudanar da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (SNCC) ya shirya a cikin Albany Movement for Civil Rights a Jojiya.<ref>"Freedom Singers". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref>A cikin shekara ta 1973, ta kafa mace baƙar fata wata ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock, wanda ke Washington, D.C.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184248/http://sweethoneyintherock.org/about/bjr/</ref>Reagon, tare da sauran membobin SNCC Freedom Singers, sun fahimci ikon yin waƙa tare don haɗa ƙungiyoyin da suka fara aiki tare a cikin zanga-zangar 'Yanci na shekarar 1964 a Kudu.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=USaWHRykgXoC&q=albany+singing+movement+paula+giddings&pg=PA66</ref> "Bayan waƙa", Reagon ya tuna, "Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninmu ba su da yawa. Ko ta yaya, yin waƙa ya buƙaci furci na abin da ya zama ruwan dare a gare mu duka .... Wannan kiɗan kamar kayan aiki ne, kamar rike kayan aiki. a hannun ku."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=HWLwdOmdy9sC&q=albany+singing</ref> Ƙungiyar Albany Singing Movement ta zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci don canji ta hanyar kiɗa a farkon shekarun 1960 na zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam.<ref>https://archive.org/details/connectingtimess00harr_0</ref>Reagon ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ga adalci ta zamantakewa ta hanyar kiɗa ta hanyar faifai, gwagwarmaya, waƙar al'umma, da malanta.<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson (2001). "If You Don't Go, Don't Hinder Me". University of Nebraska Press. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 29, 2017.</ref> Ta samu Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Howard, ya zama masanin tarihin al'adu, wanda ya ta'allaka kan rawar kiɗa. Ta kasance farfesa Emerita a Sashen Tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka.<ref>http://www.american.edu/cas/history/faculty/emeritus.cfm</ref>Har ila yau, ta kasance ƙwararren malami a Stanford kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa na kiɗa daga Berklee College of Music.<ref>https://www.berklee.edu/news/634/bernice-johnson-reagon-on-freedom-fighting</ref> ==Rayuwa da ilimi== An haifi Bernice Johnson a shekara ta 1942 a Dougherty County, Georgia, Amurka.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/jul/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>Ita ce 'yar Beatrice da J.J. Johnson, ministan baptist. An haife ta kuma ta girma a kudu maso yammacin Jojiya, inda coci da makaranta suka kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarta, tare da kide-kide sosai a cikin waɗannan saitunan.Reagon ta fara makaranta tun tana shekara uku lokacin da malaminta ya umarce ta da ta je da wuri, kuma ta wuce wannan shekarar.A lokacin da take aji na 4, 5, da 6, an bukaci ta koyar da dalibai a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ta ce saboda malami daya ne kawai aka samu.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> A shekara ta 1959, ta shiga Kwalejin Jihar Albany (tun Yulin shekarar 1996 da ake kira Albany State University), inda ta fara karatun kiɗa. Ta kuma zama mai aiki a cikin NAACP na gida sannan kuma SNCC. Bayan da aka kore ta daga Jihar Albany saboda kama ta a matsayin mai fafutuka, ta halarci Kwalejin Spelman a takaice. Daga baya, ta koma Spelman don kammala karatun digiri a cikin shekarar 1970.Ta sami haɗin gwiwar Ford Foundation don yin karatun digiri a Jami'ar Howard, inda aka ba ta Ph.D. digiri a shekara ta 1975.<ref>Georgia Humanities Council. "Bernice Johnson Reagon". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ==Sana'a== '''Ayyukan aiki''' Muzaharar farko ta Reagon ta kasance don nuna adawa da kama Bertha Gober, da Blanton Hall, wanda SNCC ta shirya tare da kama mutanen biyu na farko, domin sun shirya kama su a wata tattaunawa yayin taron SNCC.<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref>Reagon ya kasance ɗan takara mai himma a cikin Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Bil'adama ta shekarun 1960s. Ta kasance memba na The Freedom Singers, wanda Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) ta shirya, wanda kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariyar filin.Reagon ta bayyana haduwarta ta farko da SNCC a matsayin rudani, domin ba ta fahimci sunan ba, ko kungiyarta, amma ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta fahimci cewa sun kasance don 'yanci da cikakken lokaci.<ref>"Interview with Bernice Johnson Reagon". Eyes on The Prize Interviews. Interviewed by Chris Lee. Blackside Inc. 1900. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Cordell Reagon ne ya shirya mawakan 'Yanci a cikin shekarar 1962. Ƙungiyar ita ce ta farko daga cikin mawaƙa na yancin ɗan adam don tafiya cikin ƙasa.Mawakan sun fahimci cewa rera waƙa ta taimaka wajen samar da wata hanya da haɗin kai ga masu zanga-zangar da ke kokawa da ɗabi'ar ƴan ƴan sanda.Godiya ga rawar da ta yi tare da SNCC da Mawakan 'Yanci, Reagon ya zama jagorar waƙa da ake mutuntawa sosai a lokacin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. Mai fafutuka James Forman daga baya ya ce: “Na tuna ganin ka daga kyakyawar bakar kan ka, ka tsaya daidai da kafafuwanka, lebbanka suna rawar jiki yayin da kalmomi masu dadi ‘A kaina, na ga ‘yanci a iska’ sun fito da gaggawa da zafi. wanda ya haifar da yanayin sabuntawa mai tsanani da kuma sadaukar da 'yanci.Kuma a lokacin da kiran ya zo don nuna rashin amincewa da dauri, kun kasance a gaba. Kun jagoranci layin. Ƙafafunku sun bugi dattin datti tare da tabbacin jagora.Kun ci gaba da alfahari kuna raira waƙa 'wannan ɗan haske nawa,' kuma mutane suka yi ta cewa, 'shine, haskaka, haskaka'." '''Ilimi''' A cikin shekara ta 1974, an nada Reagon a matsayin masanin tarihin al'adu a tarihin kiɗa a Cibiyar Smithsonian, inda ta jagoranci wani shiri mai suna Al'adun Baƙin Amurkawa a shekarar 1976,<ref>http://sova.si.edu/record/NMAH.AC.0653</ref>kuma daga baya ya kasance mai kula da tarihin kiɗa don Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasar Amirka.Ida Jones daga Cibiyar Smithsonian ta bayyana cewa, "Dr. Reagon ya tattara hotuna, kiɗan takarda, da sauran tushe na farko da na sakandare na ci gaba da al'adar kiɗa mai tsarki na Afirka ta Amurka tun lokacin da aka haife shi a lokacin bauta ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kiɗa na ruhaniya, bishara. kiɗa, jazz, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon waƙar zanga-zanga a cikin karni bayan Emancipation," dangane da aikin farko na Reagon a gidan kayan gargajiya.<ref>Ida, Jones. "Guide to the Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition, circa 1822–1994". Smithsonian Online Virtual Archives. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1989, an ba ta lambar yabo ta MacArthur Fellowship wanda ya taimaka mata ta kammala babban aikin, Wade in the Water: Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Afirka na Amurka (a shekara ta 1994). Bayan Reagon ya yi ritaya daga rera waƙa tare da Sweet Honey a cikin Rock a cikin shekarar 1993, ta ci gaba da aiki a Smithsonian a cikin Waƙoƙin Amurkawa na zanga-zangar a matsayin Curator Emerita.<ref>https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref> Ta kuma rike mukamin fitacciyar Farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Amurka (AU) da ke Washington DC daga shekara ta 1993 zuwa shekarar 2003.Daga baya an nada Reagon farfesa emerita na tarihi a AU, kuma ya rike taken Curator Emerita a Smithsonian.<ref>American University. "Emeriti Faculty". American University. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> '''Waka''' Reagon ya girma a cikin coci ba tare da piano ba, don haka kiɗanta na farko shine cappella, kuma kayan aikinta na farko hannunta da ƙafafu ne, kuma ta bayyana, "hakan ne kaɗai zan iya magance cikin kwanciyar hankali game da ƙirƙirar kiɗa."Sa’ad da Reagon ta yi magana game da yadda ta taso a cikin al’adun kiɗa, ta bayyana cewa har makarantarta ta farko tana sha’awar kiɗa, ba coci kaɗai ba. Reagon ta ce malaminta zai jagoranci daliban waje don yin wasannin da suka hada da waka da hannu da kafafu, da kuma muryoyinsu.Akwai kuma gasa a tsakanin daliban, kuma Reagon ya lashe matsayi na farko tun yana yaro lokacin da yake fafatawa da manyan dalibai yana karanta wakar Langston Hughes mai suna "Ive Known Rivers".<ref>http://digital.wustl.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=rea0015.0155.086</ref> Reagon kwararre ne a tarihin baka, wasan kwaikwayo da al'adun zanga-zangar Ba-Amurke.Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kiɗa, furodusa, mawaki, kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan ayyukan fina-finai da suka sami lambar yabo, musamman shirye-shiryen talabijin na PBS kamar Eyes on the Prize (a shekarar 1987) (wanda ita ma ta fito) da Ken Burns' Yaƙin Basasa (a shekara ta 1990).Har ila yau, an nuna Reagon a cikin wani fim mai suna, We Shall Overcome, wanda ya shafi waƙar da sanya ta a cikin harkar, wanda Ginger Records ne ya shirya kuma Henry Hampton, wanda ya kirkiro Eyes on The Prize.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eyesontheprize-music-civil-rights-movement</ref>Ita ce mai tsara ra'ayi kuma mai ba da labari na jerin shirye-shiryen rediyon da ya lashe lambar yabo ta Peabody, Wade in the Water, Al'adun Kiɗan Tsarkakakkun Ba'amurke.<ref>https://peabodyawards.com/award-profile/wade-in-the-water-african-american-sacred-music-traditions/</ref>Reagon ya yi iƙirarin: "A kwanakin nan, na zo a matsayin 'mai magana da waƙa', wanda ke daidaita magana da waƙa a cikin ƙirƙirar tattaunawar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye tare da waɗanda ke taruwa cikin sautin muryata."<ref>Reagon, Bernice Johnson. "Bernice Reagon". Facebook. Retrieved March 7, 2018.</ref> Reagon ta shiga ƙungiyar mawakan bishara ta farko kuma ita kaɗai a lokacin tana ɗan shekara 11, wanda ƴar uwarta ta shirya a Cocin Mt. Early Baptist Church. Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Ita da ƙungiyar mawaƙa za su saurari gidan rediyon WGPC na gida don koyon baƙar bishara don ƙungiyar mawaƙa su karanta.Tun tana ƙarama, Guys Makafi Biyar shine ƙaƙƙarfan da ta fi so. Reagon ta bayyana cewa, abin koyinta a fagen waka su ne Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, da Bessie Jones, saboda sun taimaka mata fahimtar wakar gargajiya da kuma gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci.Har ila yau, Reagon ya ga yana da mahimmanci ga aikinta Deacon Reardon, masanin tarihi da ke nazarin al'adun bautar tsarki na Ba'amurke, kuma ta bayyana cewa ya shafi ci gabanta na ruhaniya da na kiɗa.<ref>https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803289833</ref> Ayyukan Reagon a matsayin malami da mawaƙiya sun bayyana a cikin wallafe-wallafenta game da al'adu da tarihin Ba'amurke, ciki har da: tarin kasidu mai suna Idan Ba Ka Je ba, Kada Ka Hana Ni: Al'adar Waƙar Al'adar Ba'amurke (Jami'ar Nebraska) Latsa, a shekara ta 2001); Mu Wadanda Muka Yi Gaske Da 'Yanci: Ruwan Zuma Mai Dadi A Cikin Dutse: Har yanzu Kan Tafiya (Littattafan Anchor, a shekarar 1993); Kuma Za Mu Fahimce Shi Da Kyau Ta Kuma Ta: Mawaƙan Mawakan Bishara na Baƙi na Amurka (Smithsonian Press, a shekarar 1992). Reagon ya rubuta albam da yawa akan Folkways Records, gami da Waƙoƙin Jama'a: Kudu, Wade a cikin Ruwa, da Kada Mu Manta, Vol. 3: Waka don 'Yanci.<ref>https://folkways.si.edu/bernice-johnson-reagon/folk-songs-of-the-south/african-american-music-gospel-historical-song/album/smithsonian</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1973, Reagon ya kafa mambobi shida, duka-mace ƙungiyar cappella mai suna Sweet Honey a cikin Rock.Baya ga Reagon, matan da ke cikin rukunin farko sune: Ysaye Maria Barnwell, Nitanju Bolade Casle, Shirley Childress Johnson, Aisha Kahil, da Carol Maillard. Kayan aikin da suka yi amfani da shi kawai shine muryoyinsu, tare da shekere da tambourine.Sun zagaya kasashen duniya ciki har da Turai, Japan, Mexico, da Ostiraliya. Masoyan kungiyar sun fito ne daga kabilu daban-daban, addinai, da kuma yanayin jima'i. Tushen kiɗan Reagon ya fito ne daga Cocin Baptist ta Kudu. Ta ba da shawarar "ikon bayanin kiɗa da canza canji don tambaya" da kuma tasirin tasirin da kiɗa ya yi akan Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Bil'adama. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== A cikin shekara ta 1963, Reagon ya auri Cordell Reagon, wani memba na The Freedom Singers. Kafin a sake aure a shekarar 1967, an haifi 'ya'ya biyu ga wannan ƙungiyar: 'yar, (Toshi), da ɗa, (Kwan). Toshi Reagon kuma mawaƙin mawaƙa ne. Kwan Reagon shine mai dafa abinci.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/19/arts/music/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead.html</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2003, lokacin da ta karɓi lambar yabo ta Heinz, Reagon ta yi magana a cikin jawabinta na yarda game da shawarar da ita da abokin aikinta na dogon lokaci, Adisa Douglas, suka yanke cewa "aikinsu daban-daban da alaƙa da gwagwarmaya za su ci gaba da kyau idan mun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa na rayuwa. - don haka an haɗa shi kuma mafi kyau."<ref>https://www.heinzawards.org/pages/bernice-johnson-reagon</ref>Matan biyu sun kasance tare a matsayin abokan rayuwa har zuwa mutuwar Reagon a shekarar 2024. Reagon ya mutu a Washington, D.C. a ranar 16 ga watan Yuli, shekara ta 2024, yana da shekaru 81.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref>Diyarta Toshi Reagon ta tabbatar da mutuwar ta,<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2024/07/18/bernice-johnson-reagon-dead</ref>da kuma ta Courtland Cox, shugaban Ɗaliban Ƙwararrun Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2024/07/17/1213897036/bernice-johnson-reagon-sweet-honey-in-the-rock-obituary</ref> ==MANAZARTA== paz3ctp6yd8hjgzg6szy3w4uiervdlk 0 88399 549882 2024-12-01T23:01:12Z Gwanki 3834 Gwanki moved page [[Kirkirar Basira (Artificial Intelligence)]] to [[Kirkirar Basira]] 549882 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Kirkirar Basira]] ocd0x8uin7qcm7a862x8cn0dhcrsrh1 0 88400 549889 2024-12-01T23:07:15Z Gwanki 3834 Gwanki moved page [[Film]] to [[Fim]] 549889 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Fim]] 5r6hlq8wdmf3a80jts3pj1g05d12e2e 0 88401 549898 2024-12-01T23:32:10Z Abdultambura18 32142 Kirkirar mukala 549898 wikitext text/x-wiki Alvaro Perez Campo an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama. kbx2t06cy0scj3mnacco73cosn2pbs9 549901 549898 2024-12-01T23:33:17Z Abdultambura18 32142 549901 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama. qdxyvucua9dy7fo0hgf6k6nl028xsrv 549902 549901 2024-12-01T23:34:06Z Abdultambura18 32142 549902 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> 5zx3412z4vnikz2aiy7e4xiu5a7nbq7 549903 549902 2024-12-01T23:35:36Z Abdultambura18 32142 Saka sashe 549903 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == 3dbxnfxxnwj4ou9of6ejgou9i21dz5e 549904 549903 2024-12-01T23:39:46Z Abdultambura18 32142 /* Aikin Kungiya */ 549904 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == Farkon Aiki An haife shi a Ortigueira, A Coruña, Galicia, Trilli ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Racing de Ferrol tare da 'yan uwansa, Raúl da Javi, inda suka taka leda a sashin matasa na ƙungiyar.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (14 August 2021). "El segundo estirón de Trilli" [The second growth of Trilli]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref> Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar matasan Deportivo de La Coruña a cikin 2014 kafin daga bisani ya samu daukaka zuwa kungiyar su ta Juvenil B don kakar 2019–20. Trilli ya tara bayyanai 5 a wannan kakar amma saboda rauni da COVID-19, lokacin wasansa ya kasance a iyakance. pxlvrd35anfl32zu3k12phzod0w1cu2 549905 549904 2024-12-01T23:40:37Z Abdultambura18 32142 /* Aikin Kungiya */ 549905 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == '''Farkon Aiki''' An haife shi a Ortigueira, A Coruña, Galicia, Trilli ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Racing de Ferrol tare da 'yan uwansa, Raúl da Javi, inda suka taka leda a sashin matasa na ƙungiyar.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (14 August 2021). "El segundo estirón de Trilli" [The second growth of Trilli]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref> Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar matasan Deportivo de La Coruña a cikin 2014 kafin daga bisani ya samu daukaka zuwa kungiyar su ta Juvenil B don kakar 2019–20. Trilli ya tara bayyanai 5 a wannan kakar amma saboda rauni da COVID-19, lokacin wasansa ya kasance a iyakance. bfj0luu1vf7rnxde3mubsq9x9ne400f 549908 549905 2024-12-01T23:44:36Z Abdultambura18 32142 /* Aikin Kungiya */ 549908 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == '''Farkon Aiki''' An haife shi a Ortigueira, A Coruña, Galicia, Trilli ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Racing de Ferrol tare da 'yan uwansa, Raúl da Javi, inda suka taka leda a sashin matasa na ƙungiyar.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (14 August 2021). "El segundo estirón de Trilli" [The second growth of Trilli]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref> Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar matasan Deportivo de La Coruña a cikin 2014 kafin daga bisani ya samu daukaka zuwa kungiyar su ta Juvenil B don kakar 2019–20. Trilli ya tara bayyanai 5 a wannan kakar amma saboda rauni da COVID-19, lokacin wasansa ya kasance a iyakance. '''Barcelona''' A ranar 23 ga Yuli 2023, Trilli ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da FC Barcelona bayan yarjejeniya da Deportivo.<ref>"Trilli joins Barça Atlètic". FC Barcelona. 23 July 2023</ref> 2h0uhc98fhs148na2aa6y5q5qfdgr8p 549909 549908 2024-12-01T23:45:48Z Abdultambura18 32142 549909 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == '''Farkon Aiki''' An haife shi a Ortigueira, A Coruña, Galicia, Trilli ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Racing de Ferrol tare da 'yan uwansa, Raúl da Javi, inda suka taka leda a sashin matasa na ƙungiyar.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (14 August 2021). "El segundo estirón de Trilli" [The second growth of Trilli]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref> Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar matasan Deportivo de La Coruña a cikin 2014 kafin daga bisani ya samu daukaka zuwa kungiyar su ta Juvenil B don kakar 2019–20. Trilli ya tara bayyanai 5 a wannan kakar amma saboda rauni da COVID-19, lokacin wasansa ya kasance a iyakance. '''Deportivo La Coruña''' '''Barcelona''' A ranar 23 ga Yuli 2023, Trilli ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da FC Barcelona bayan yarjejeniya da Deportivo.<ref>"Trilli joins Barça Atlètic". FC Barcelona. 23 July 2023</ref> tnhkeuxw2ucc8reg2fndl8a0oql1x4m 549910 549909 2024-12-01T23:51:19Z Abdultambura18 32142 549910 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == '''Farkon Aiki''' An haife shi a Ortigueira, A Coruña, Galicia, Trilli ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Racing de Ferrol tare da 'yan uwansa, Raúl da Javi, inda suka taka leda a sashin matasa na ƙungiyar.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (14 August 2021). "El segundo estirón de Trilli" [The second growth of Trilli]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref> Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar matasan Deportivo de La Coruña a cikin 2014 kafin daga bisani ya samu daukaka zuwa kungiyar su ta Juvenil B don kakar 2019–20. Trilli ya tara bayyanai 5 a wannan kakar amma saboda rauni da COVID-19, lokacin wasansa ya kasance a iyakance. '''Deportivo La Coruña''' Duk da gwagwarmayar samun lokacin wasa, an kira Trilli zuwa wurin ajiyar Dépor a cikin Tercera División,<ref>Castiñeira, Martín (22 October 2020). "El juvenil Trilli se entrena con el primer equipo del Deportivo" [The juvenil Trilli trains with the first team of Deportivo]. riazor.org (in Spanish).</ref> yana halarta a karon a ranar 13 ga Disamba 2020 ta fara wasan da ci 2–1 a waje da SD Fisterra.<ref>"El Fabril coge aire con una nueva remontada" [Fabril breathe with another comeback] (in Spanish). Riazor.org. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> 6 ga Agusta mai zuwa, ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa har zuwa 2024 kuma an kira shi don rukunin farko bayan pre-season.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (6 August 2021). "El Deportivo renueva a Trilli hasta 2024" [Deportivo renew Trilli until 2024]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref><ref>"Trilli amplía su vinculación con el Deportivo hasta 2024" [Trilli extends his link with Deportivo until 2024]. Deportivo La Coruña (in Spanish). 7 August 2021</ref> '''Barcelona''' A ranar 23 ga Yuli 2023, Trilli ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da FC Barcelona bayan yarjejeniya da Deportivo.<ref>"Trilli joins Barça Atlètic". FC Barcelona. 23 July 2023</ref> b3a3hd886r8bq99izr6htjkytgsvwcl 549911 549910 2024-12-01T23:54:09Z Abdultambura18 32142 Saka sashe 549911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == '''Farkon Aiki''' An haife shi a Ortigueira, A Coruña, Galicia, Trilli ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Racing de Ferrol tare da 'yan uwansa, Raúl da Javi, inda suka taka leda a sashin matasa na ƙungiyar.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (14 August 2021). "El segundo estirón de Trilli" [The second growth of Trilli]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref> Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar matasan Deportivo de La Coruña a cikin 2014 kafin daga bisani ya samu daukaka zuwa kungiyar su ta Juvenil B don kakar 2019–20. Trilli ya tara bayyanai 5 a wannan kakar amma saboda rauni da COVID-19, lokacin wasansa ya kasance a iyakance. '''Deportivo La Coruña''' Duk da gwagwarmayar samun lokacin wasa, an kira Trilli zuwa wurin ajiyar Dépor a cikin Tercera División,<ref>Castiñeira, Martín (22 October 2020). "El juvenil Trilli se entrena con el primer equipo del Deportivo" [The juvenil Trilli trains with the first team of Deportivo]. riazor.org (in Spanish).</ref> yana halarta a karon a ranar 13 ga Disamba 2020 ta fara wasan da ci 2–1 a waje da SD Fisterra.<ref>"El Fabril coge aire con una nueva remontada" [Fabril breathe with another comeback] (in Spanish). Riazor.org. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> 6 ga Agusta mai zuwa, ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa har zuwa 2024 kuma an kira shi don rukunin farko bayan pre-season.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (6 August 2021). "El Deportivo renueva a Trilli hasta 2024" [Deportivo renew Trilli until 2024]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref><ref>"Trilli amplía su vinculación con el Deportivo hasta 2024" [Trilli extends his link with Deportivo until 2024]. Deportivo La Coruña (in Spanish). 7 August 2021</ref> '''Barcelona''' A ranar 23 ga Yuli 2023, Trilli ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da FC Barcelona bayan yarjejeniya da Deportivo.<ref>"Trilli joins Barça Atlètic". FC Barcelona. 23 July 2023</ref> == Ayyukan Kasa da Kasa == 3q0trrip5nuprgexs09go29xb31t97s 549912 549911 2024-12-01T23:55:45Z Abdultambura18 32142 /* Ayyukan Kasa da Kasa */ 549912 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == '''Farkon Aiki''' An haife shi a Ortigueira, A Coruña, Galicia, Trilli ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Racing de Ferrol tare da 'yan uwansa, Raúl da Javi, inda suka taka leda a sashin matasa na ƙungiyar.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (14 August 2021). "El segundo estirón de Trilli" [The second growth of Trilli]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref> Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar matasan Deportivo de La Coruña a cikin 2014 kafin daga bisani ya samu daukaka zuwa kungiyar su ta Juvenil B don kakar 2019–20. Trilli ya tara bayyanai 5 a wannan kakar amma saboda rauni da COVID-19, lokacin wasansa ya kasance a iyakance. '''Deportivo La Coruña''' Duk da gwagwarmayar samun lokacin wasa, an kira Trilli zuwa wurin ajiyar Dépor a cikin Tercera División,<ref>Castiñeira, Martín (22 October 2020). "El juvenil Trilli se entrena con el primer equipo del Deportivo" [The juvenil Trilli trains with the first team of Deportivo]. riazor.org (in Spanish).</ref> yana halarta a karon a ranar 13 ga Disamba 2020 ta fara wasan da ci 2–1 a waje da SD Fisterra.<ref>"El Fabril coge aire con una nueva remontada" [Fabril breathe with another comeback] (in Spanish). Riazor.org. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> 6 ga Agusta mai zuwa, ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa har zuwa 2024 kuma an kira shi don rukunin farko bayan pre-season.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (6 August 2021). "El Deportivo renueva a Trilli hasta 2024" [Deportivo renew Trilli until 2024]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref><ref>"Trilli amplía su vinculación con el Deportivo hasta 2024" [Trilli extends his link with Deportivo until 2024]. Deportivo La Coruña (in Spanish). 7 August 2021</ref> '''Barcelona''' A ranar 23 ga Yuli 2023, Trilli ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da FC Barcelona bayan yarjejeniya da Deportivo.<ref name=":0">"Trilli joins Barça Atlètic". FC Barcelona. 23 July 2023</ref> == Ayyukan Kasa da Kasa == Trilli matashin ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya ne na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma ya wakilci ƙungiyar Mutanen Espanya U16, U17, U18 da U19.<ref name=":0" /> d67oho36fylt8kgaiob4r5w8fgg5nj7 549913 549912 2024-12-01T23:56:27Z Abdultambura18 32142 Saka sashe 549913 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == '''Farkon Aiki''' An haife shi a Ortigueira, A Coruña, Galicia, Trilli ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Racing de Ferrol tare da 'yan uwansa, Raúl da Javi, inda suka taka leda a sashin matasa na ƙungiyar.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (14 August 2021). "El segundo estirón de Trilli" [The second growth of Trilli]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref> Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar matasan Deportivo de La Coruña a cikin 2014 kafin daga bisani ya samu daukaka zuwa kungiyar su ta Juvenil B don kakar 2019–20. Trilli ya tara bayyanai 5 a wannan kakar amma saboda rauni da COVID-19, lokacin wasansa ya kasance a iyakance. '''Deportivo La Coruña''' Duk da gwagwarmayar samun lokacin wasa, an kira Trilli zuwa wurin ajiyar Dépor a cikin Tercera División,<ref>Castiñeira, Martín (22 October 2020). "El juvenil Trilli se entrena con el primer equipo del Deportivo" [The juvenil Trilli trains with the first team of Deportivo]. riazor.org (in Spanish).</ref> yana halarta a karon a ranar 13 ga Disamba 2020 ta fara wasan da ci 2–1 a waje da SD Fisterra.<ref>"El Fabril coge aire con una nueva remontada" [Fabril breathe with another comeback] (in Spanish). Riazor.org. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> 6 ga Agusta mai zuwa, ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa har zuwa 2024 kuma an kira shi don rukunin farko bayan pre-season.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (6 August 2021). "El Deportivo renueva a Trilli hasta 2024" [Deportivo renew Trilli until 2024]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref><ref>"Trilli amplía su vinculación con el Deportivo hasta 2024" [Trilli extends his link with Deportivo until 2024]. Deportivo La Coruña (in Spanish). 7 August 2021</ref> '''Barcelona''' A ranar 23 ga Yuli 2023, Trilli ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da FC Barcelona bayan yarjejeniya da Deportivo.<ref name=":0">"Trilli joins Barça Atlètic". FC Barcelona. 23 July 2023</ref> == Ayyukan Kasa da Kasa == Trilli matashin ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya ne na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma ya wakilci ƙungiyar Mutanen Espanya U16, U17, U18 da U19.<ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == 2ukw4udgd5ca7xhap2k6ryjt7e3g0x3 549914 549913 2024-12-01T23:57:36Z Abdultambura18 32142 549914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Alvaro Perez Campo''' an haife shi 14 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2003, wanda aka fi sani da Trilli, dan kwallon kafar kasar Sipaniya ne, wanda ke taka leda a kungiyar Bacelona Atlètic a matsayin dan baya na gefen dama.<ref>Trilli at Soccerway. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> == Aikin Kungiya == '''Farkon Aiki''' An haife shi a Ortigueira, A Coruña, Galicia, Trilli ya fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a Racing de Ferrol tare da 'yan uwansa, Raúl da Javi, inda suka taka leda a sashin matasa na ƙungiyar.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (14 August 2021). "El segundo estirón de Trilli" [The second growth of Trilli]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref> Ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar matasan Deportivo de La Coruña a cikin 2014 kafin daga bisani ya samu daukaka zuwa kungiyar su ta Juvenil B don kakar 2019–20. Trilli ya tara bayyanai 5 a wannan kakar amma saboda rauni da COVID-19, lokacin wasansa ya kasance a iyakance. '''Deportivo La Coruña''' Duk da gwagwarmayar samun lokacin wasa, an kira Trilli zuwa wurin ajiyar Dépor a cikin Tercera División,<ref>Castiñeira, Martín (22 October 2020). "El juvenil Trilli se entrena con el primer equipo del Deportivo" [The juvenil Trilli trains with the first team of Deportivo]. riazor.org (in Spanish).</ref> yana halarta a karon a ranar 13 ga Disamba 2020 ta fara wasan da ci 2–1 a waje da SD Fisterra.<ref>"El Fabril coge aire con una nueva remontada" [Fabril breathe with another comeback] (in Spanish). Riazor.org. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2023</ref> 6 ga Agusta mai zuwa, ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa har zuwa 2024 kuma an kira shi don rukunin farko bayan pre-season.<ref>Miranda, Carlos (6 August 2021). "El Deportivo renueva a Trilli hasta 2024" [Deportivo renew Trilli until 2024]. La Opinión A Coruña (in Spanish).</ref><ref>"Trilli amplía su vinculación con el Deportivo hasta 2024" [Trilli extends his link with Deportivo until 2024]. Deportivo La Coruña (in Spanish). 7 August 2021</ref> '''Barcelona''' A ranar 23 ga Yuli 2023, Trilli ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu da FC Barcelona bayan yarjejeniya da Deportivo.<ref name=":0">"Trilli joins Barça Atlètic". FC Barcelona. 23 July 2023</ref> == Ayyukan Kasa da Kasa == Trilli matashin ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya ne na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma ya wakilci ƙungiyar Mutanen Espanya U16, U17, U18 da U19.<ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == kagw6za5576xeatk9qflzvye1fjkekk 0 88402 549917 2024-12-02T00:02:22Z Abdultambura18 32142 Kirkirar mukala 549917 wikitext text/x-wiki Mamadou Ibra Mbacke Fall (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. m1onejhohl3sxjerdlvrket6uzkbwmj 549918 549917 2024-12-02T00:03:14Z Abdultambura18 32142 549918 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamadou Ibra Mbacke''' '''Fall''' (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. nxoykw7vjelo7lwzlif9ea31le6svzn 549919 549918 2024-12-02T00:04:06Z Abdultambura18 32142 549919 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamadou Ibra Mbacke''' '''Fall''' (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. == Aikin Kungiya == ld6qrtzzf8bhri11nihnt103vebwo9l 549920 549919 2024-12-02T00:07:35Z Abdultambura18 32142 /* Aikin Kungiya */ 549920 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamadou Ibra Mbacke''' '''Fall''' (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. == Aikin Kungiya == An haife shi a Rufisque, Senegal, Mbacke ya ƙaura zuwa Orlando, Florida a Amurka don shiga Montverde Academy a matsayin wani ɓangare na Sport4Charity, ƙungiyar da tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya Senegal Salif Diao ke gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">Sigal, Jonathan (5 June 2021). "LAFC sign 18-year-old defender Mamadou Fall". Major League Soccer. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2021, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Los Angeles FC, inda ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu.<ref name=":0" /> bribu194l9w9h7vkthu3d29arztiq4i 549921 549920 2024-12-02T00:11:30Z Abdultambura18 32142 549921 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamadou Ibra Mbacke''' '''Fall''' (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. == Aikin Kungiya == An haife shi a Rufisque, Senegal, Mbacke ya ƙaura zuwa Orlando, Florida a Amurka don shiga Montverde Academy a matsayin wani ɓangare na Sport4Charity, ƙungiyar da tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya Senegal Salif Diao ke gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">Sigal, Jonathan (5 June 2021). "LAFC sign 18-year-old defender Mamadou Fall". Major League Soccer. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2021, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Los Angeles FC, inda ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu.<ref name=":0" /> A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2021, Los Angeles FC ta ba da rancen Mbacke zuwa ga haɗin gwiwarsu na gasar zakarun Amurka Las Vegas Lights.<ref>LAFC Loans Eight Players to Las Vegas Lights FC for Upcoming Match against San Antonio FC". Our Sports Central. 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko na gwanin kungiyar daga baya a daren da San Antonio FC, yana farawa da buga mintuna 79 a wasan da suka tashi 1-1.<ref>Las Vegas Lights 1–1 San Antonio FC". Soccerway</ref> A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2021, Mbacke ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Kansas City da ci 4-0. mrk2cgfnktibmm3xz7wlz90l1rxwd44 549922 549921 2024-12-02T00:14:37Z Abdultambura18 32142 /* Aikin Kungiya */ 549922 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamadou Ibra Mbacke''' '''Fall''' (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. == Aikin Kungiya == An haife shi a Rufisque, Senegal, Mbacke ya ƙaura zuwa Orlando, Florida a Amurka don shiga Montverde Academy a matsayin wani ɓangare na Sport4Charity, ƙungiyar da tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya Senegal Salif Diao ke gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">Sigal, Jonathan (5 June 2021). "LAFC sign 18-year-old defender Mamadou Fall". Major League Soccer. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2021, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Los Angeles FC, inda ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu.<ref name=":0" /> A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2021, Los Angeles FC ta ba da rancen Mbacke zuwa ga haɗin gwiwarsu na gasar zakarun Amurka Las Vegas Lights.<ref>LAFC Loans Eight Players to Las Vegas Lights FC for Upcoming Match against San Antonio FC". Our Sports Central. 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko na gwanin kungiyar daga baya a daren da San Antonio FC, yana farawa da buga mintuna 79 a wasan da suka tashi 1-1.<ref>Las Vegas Lights 1–1 San Antonio FC". Soccerway</ref> A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2021, Mbacke ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Kansas City da ci 4-0. Bayan lamunin aro zuwa Barcelona Atlètic, ƙungiyar ajiyar Barcelona, ​​a lokacin kakar 2023-24, a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2024, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ta dindindin,<ref>"LAFC transfer defender Mamadou Fall to FC Barcelona". LAFC. 22 July 2024. Retrieved 22 July 2024</ref> <ref name=":1">"Mbacke ficha por el Barcelona hasta 2026". Diario AS (in Spanish). 22 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024</ref>sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu, tare da zaɓi don ƙarin yanayi guda biyu.<ref name=":1" /> dlwdlcq5il9f96k7ghxia27whojy0q5 549923 549922 2024-12-02T00:15:09Z Abdultambura18 32142 549923 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamadou Ibra Mbacke''' '''Fall''' (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. == Aikin Kungiya == An haife shi a Rufisque, Senegal, Mbacke ya ƙaura zuwa Orlando, Florida a Amurka don shiga Montverde Academy a matsayin wani ɓangare na Sport4Charity, ƙungiyar da tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya Senegal Salif Diao ke gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">Sigal, Jonathan (5 June 2021). "LAFC sign 18-year-old defender Mamadou Fall". Major League Soccer. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2021, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Los Angeles FC, inda ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu.<ref name=":0" /> A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2021, Los Angeles FC ta ba da rancen Mbacke zuwa ga haɗin gwiwarsu na gasar zakarun Amurka Las Vegas Lights.<ref>LAFC Loans Eight Players to Las Vegas Lights FC for Upcoming Match against San Antonio FC". Our Sports Central. 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko na gwanin kungiyar daga baya a daren da San Antonio FC, yana farawa da buga mintuna 79 a wasan da suka tashi 1-1.<ref>Las Vegas Lights 1–1 San Antonio FC". Soccerway</ref> A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2021, Mbacke ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Kansas City da ci 4-0. Bayan lamunin aro zuwa Barcelona Atlètic, ƙungiyar ajiyar Barcelona, ​​a lokacin kakar 2023-24, a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2024, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ta dindindin,<ref>"LAFC transfer defender Mamadou Fall to FC Barcelona". LAFC. 22 July 2024. Retrieved 22 July 2024</ref> <ref name=":1">"Mbacke ficha por el Barcelona hasta 2026". Diario AS (in Spanish). 22 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024</ref>sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu, tare da zaɓi don ƙarin yanayi guda biyu.<ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == 9e0q8v1tz0v08lso6ovo55gmnb0mvub 549924 549923 2024-12-02T00:16:28Z Abdultambura18 32142 549924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} ''''''Rubutu mai gwaɓi'''''''''Mamadou Ibra Mbacke''' '''Fall''' (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. == Aikin Kungiya == An haife shi a Rufisque, Senegal, Mbacke ya ƙaura zuwa Orlando, Florida a Amurka don shiga Montverde Academy a matsayin wani ɓangare na Sport4Charity, ƙungiyar da tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya Senegal Salif Diao ke gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">Sigal, Jonathan (5 June 2021). "LAFC sign 18-year-old defender Mamadou Fall". Major League Soccer. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2021, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Los Angeles FC, inda ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu.<ref name=":0" /> A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2021, Los Angeles FC ta ba da rancen Mbacke zuwa ga haɗin gwiwarsu na gasar zakarun Amurka Las Vegas Lights.<ref>LAFC Loans Eight Players to Las Vegas Lights FC for Upcoming Match against San Antonio FC". Our Sports Central. 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko na gwanin kungiyar daga baya a daren da San Antonio FC, yana farawa da buga mintuna 79 a wasan da suka tashi 1-1.<ref>Las Vegas Lights 1–1 San Antonio FC". Soccerway</ref> A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2021, Mbacke ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Kansas City da ci 4-0. Bayan lamunin aro zuwa Barcelona Atlètic, ƙungiyar ajiyar Barcelona, ​​a lokacin kakar 2023-24, a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2024, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ta dindindin,<ref>"LAFC transfer defender Mamadou Fall to FC Barcelona". LAFC. 22 July 2024. Retrieved 22 July 2024</ref> <ref name=":1">"Mbacke ficha por el Barcelona hasta 2026". Diario AS (in Spanish). 22 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024</ref>sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu, tare da zaɓi don ƙarin yanayi guda biyu.<ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == o6mxyq6l6zukdyv16vs0n0l1k8o4i1s 549925 549924 2024-12-02T00:17:20Z Abdultambura18 32142 549925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Mamadou Ibra Mbacke Fall (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. == Aikin Kungiya == An haife shi a Rufisque, Senegal, Mbacke ya ƙaura zuwa Orlando, Florida a Amurka don shiga Montverde Academy a matsayin wani ɓangare na Sport4Charity, ƙungiyar da tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya Senegal Salif Diao ke gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">Sigal, Jonathan (5 June 2021). "LAFC sign 18-year-old defender Mamadou Fall". Major League Soccer. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2021, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Los Angeles FC, inda ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu.<ref name=":0" /> A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2021, Los Angeles FC ta ba da rancen Mbacke zuwa ga haɗin gwiwarsu na gasar zakarun Amurka Las Vegas Lights.<ref>LAFC Loans Eight Players to Las Vegas Lights FC for Upcoming Match against San Antonio FC". Our Sports Central. 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko na gwanin kungiyar daga baya a daren da San Antonio FC, yana farawa da buga mintuna 79 a wasan da suka tashi 1-1.<ref>Las Vegas Lights 1–1 San Antonio FC". Soccerway</ref> A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2021, Mbacke ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Kansas City da ci 4-0. Bayan lamunin aro zuwa Barcelona Atlètic, ƙungiyar ajiyar Barcelona, ​​a lokacin kakar 2023-24, a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2024, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ta dindindin,<ref>"LAFC transfer defender Mamadou Fall to FC Barcelona". LAFC. 22 July 2024. Retrieved 22 July 2024</ref> <ref name=":1">"Mbacke ficha por el Barcelona hasta 2026". Diario AS (in Spanish). 22 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024</ref>sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu, tare da zaɓi don ƙarin yanayi guda biyu.<ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == i384m646fayo9slw3ouhhs3sbs1un4g 549926 549925 2024-12-02T00:18:01Z Abdultambura18 32142 549926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mamadou Ibra Mbacke Fall''' (an haife shi 21 ga Nuwamba 2002) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan baya na ƙungiyar Primera Federación Barcelona Atlètic. == Aikin Kungiya == An haife shi a Rufisque, Senegal, Mbacke ya ƙaura zuwa Orlando, Florida a Amurka don shiga Montverde Academy a matsayin wani ɓangare na Sport4Charity, ƙungiyar da tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya Senegal Salif Diao ke gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">Sigal, Jonathan (5 June 2021). "LAFC sign 18-year-old defender Mamadou Fall". Major League Soccer. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> A ranar 5 ga Yuni 2021, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Major League Los Angeles FC, inda ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu.<ref name=":0" /> A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2021, Los Angeles FC ta ba da rancen Mbacke zuwa ga haɗin gwiwarsu na gasar zakarun Amurka Las Vegas Lights.<ref>LAFC Loans Eight Players to Las Vegas Lights FC for Upcoming Match against San Antonio FC". Our Sports Central. 11 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</ref> Ya buga wasansa na farko na gwanin kungiyar daga baya a daren da San Antonio FC, yana farawa da buga mintuna 79 a wasan da suka tashi 1-1.<ref>Las Vegas Lights 1–1 San Antonio FC". Soccerway</ref> A ranar 3 ga Satumba, 2021, Mbacke ya zira kwallaye biyu a wasan da suka doke Kansas City da ci 4-0. Bayan lamunin aro zuwa Barcelona Atlètic, ƙungiyar ajiyar Barcelona, ​​a lokacin kakar 2023-24, a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2024, Mbacke ya shiga ƙungiyar ta dindindin,<ref>"LAFC transfer defender Mamadou Fall to FC Barcelona". LAFC. 22 July 2024. Retrieved 22 July 2024</ref> <ref name=":1">"Mbacke ficha por el Barcelona hasta 2026". Diario AS (in Spanish). 22 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024</ref>sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu, tare da zaɓi don ƙarin yanayi guda biyu.<ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == qc7cbygqbbmw2o2i7yksdkz1lu4hbdh 0 88403 549994 2024-12-02T05:13:38Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1260695305|Charity Aiguobarueghian]]" 549994 wikitext text/x-wiki Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri Charity Iguodala Aiguobarueghian (an haife ta a ranar 24 ga watan Nuwamba 1976) [[lauya]] ce kuma '[[ɗan siyasa]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]]. Aiguobarueghian a halin yanzu tana wakiltar Ovia North-East Local Government Area I a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aiguobarueghian Charity |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/aiguobarueghian-charity |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=shineyoureye.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2023 |title=Political Parties Nominate Principal Officers For Edo State Assembly |url=https://von.gov.ng/political-parties-nominate-principal-officers-for-edo-state-assembly/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=von.gov.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2024 |title=Charity Aiguobarueghian moves for digital governance, electricity market bills |url=https://guardian.ng/news/nigeria/metro/charity-aiguobarueghian-moves-for-digital-governance-electricity-market-bills/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=guardian.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2024 |title=We'll make laws to impact Edo youths... Edo Lawmaker |url=https://timeline.ng/index.php/news/national/18416-we-ll-make-laws-to-impact-edo-youths-edo-lawmaker |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=timeline.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2024 |title=We'll make laws to impact Edo youths... Edo Lawmaker |url=https://timeline.ng/index.php/news/national/18416-we-ll-make-laws-to-impact-edo-youths-edo-lawmaker |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=timeline.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edo Lawmaker, Aiguobarueghian Lists Benefits Of Obaseki's Admin In Ovia North East Constituency |url=https://www.alltimepost.com/2024/04/edo-lawmaker-aiguobarueghian-lists-benefits-of-obasekis-admin-in-ovia-north-east-constituency/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=alltimepost.com}}</ref>   Aiguobarueghian ya zama shugaban mafi rinjaye na Majalisar ta 8. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Edo 2024: Wetin we gain, if we vote APC ? – EDHA Majority Leader |url=https://www.politicaleconomistng.com/173348-2/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=politicaleconomistng.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Charity Aiguobarueghian, Natasha Become Majority Leader, Deputy. |url=https://vibesfm.com.ng/blog/charity-aiguobarueghian-natasha-become-majority-leader-deputy |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=vibesfm.com.ng}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Aiguobarueghian a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 1976, a Ekiadolor, Ovia North-East Local Government Area of Edo State. Aiguobarueghian ta yi karatu a makarantar firamare ta Azagba, a Okha, yankin karamar hukuma ta Ovia ta Kudu maso Yamma. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Ekiadolor kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Benin]] inda ya sami digiri na LLB da LLM a fannin shari'a.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 August 2024 |title=Ighodalo not disqualified, says Edo Assembly Majority Leader |url=https://thesun.ng/ighodalo-not-disqualified-says-edo-assembly-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=thesun.ng}}</ref> == Ayyukan shari'a == Bayan kammala karatunsa daga [[Jami'ar Benin]], a Benin City, Jihar Edo, Aiguobarueghian ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin a kamfanin lauya na Arthur Obi Okafor, SAN & Associates kuma ya yi aiki ne a matsayin shugaban Hukumar Shari'a ta Jihar Edo a 2021.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=November 2024}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Siyasa == An zabi Aiguobarueghian a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo a dandalin Jam'iyyar Demokradiyyar Jama'a (PDP) don wakiltar Ovia North-East Local Government Area I a cikin 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 State Houses of Assembly results - Edo state |url=https://www.stears.co/elections/2023/state-houses-of-assembly/ED/?constituency=SC%2F314%2FED |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=stears.co}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iguodala Charity Aiguobarueghian Ovia NorthEast |url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/iguodala-charity-aiguobarueghian |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=stears.co}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 December 2023 |title=Edo lawmaker empowers 41 women with N2m |url=https://blueprint.ng/edo-lawmaker-empowers-41-women-with-n2m/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=blueprint.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hon Aiguobarueghian and his PDP Sophistry |url=https://www.bendelmirror.com/post.php?news=MTA5Mw== |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=bendelmirror.com}}</ref> An nada shi a matsayin Shugaban Mafi rinjaye na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Propaganda, lies against Ighodalo won't work-Edo Majority Leader |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/propaganda-lies-against-ighodalo-wont-work-edo-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=thenationonlineng.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2024 |title=Edo 2024: 'Ighodalo na fine pikin wey everybody wan carry' – EDHA Majority Leader |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/06/edo-2024-ighodalo-na-fine-pikin-wey-everybody-wan-carry-edha-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=vanguardngr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2024 |title=EDHA Insists State Security Network remains Active Despite Suspension by Police |url=https://ait.live/edha-insists-state-security-network-remains-active-despite-suspension-by-police/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=ait.live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edo 2024: Beware of APCs black market EDHA Majority Leader warns |url=https://www.newsexpressngr.com/news/231175/edo-2024-beware-of-apcs-black-market-edha-majority-leader-warns |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=newsexpressngr.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == I{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] p653hkr9nj9x5hg3nuz743qbgkyxays 549995 549994 2024-12-02T05:14:06Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Ayyukan shari'a */ 549995 wikitext text/x-wiki Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri Charity Iguodala Aiguobarueghian (an haife ta a ranar 24 ga watan Nuwamba 1976) [[lauya]] ce kuma '[[ɗan siyasa]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]]. Aiguobarueghian a halin yanzu tana wakiltar Ovia North-East Local Government Area I a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aiguobarueghian Charity |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/aiguobarueghian-charity |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=shineyoureye.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2023 |title=Political Parties Nominate Principal Officers For Edo State Assembly |url=https://von.gov.ng/political-parties-nominate-principal-officers-for-edo-state-assembly/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=von.gov.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2024 |title=Charity Aiguobarueghian moves for digital governance, electricity market bills |url=https://guardian.ng/news/nigeria/metro/charity-aiguobarueghian-moves-for-digital-governance-electricity-market-bills/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=guardian.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2024 |title=We'll make laws to impact Edo youths... Edo Lawmaker |url=https://timeline.ng/index.php/news/national/18416-we-ll-make-laws-to-impact-edo-youths-edo-lawmaker |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=timeline.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2024 |title=We'll make laws to impact Edo youths... Edo Lawmaker |url=https://timeline.ng/index.php/news/national/18416-we-ll-make-laws-to-impact-edo-youths-edo-lawmaker |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=timeline.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edo Lawmaker, Aiguobarueghian Lists Benefits Of Obaseki's Admin In Ovia North East Constituency |url=https://www.alltimepost.com/2024/04/edo-lawmaker-aiguobarueghian-lists-benefits-of-obasekis-admin-in-ovia-north-east-constituency/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=alltimepost.com}}</ref>   Aiguobarueghian ya zama shugaban mafi rinjaye na Majalisar ta 8. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Edo 2024: Wetin we gain, if we vote APC ? – EDHA Majority Leader |url=https://www.politicaleconomistng.com/173348-2/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=politicaleconomistng.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Charity Aiguobarueghian, Natasha Become Majority Leader, Deputy. |url=https://vibesfm.com.ng/blog/charity-aiguobarueghian-natasha-become-majority-leader-deputy |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=vibesfm.com.ng}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Aiguobarueghian a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 1976, a Ekiadolor, Ovia North-East Local Government Area of Edo State. Aiguobarueghian ta yi karatu a makarantar firamare ta Azagba, a Okha, yankin karamar hukuma ta Ovia ta Kudu maso Yamma. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Ekiadolor kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Benin]] inda ya sami digiri na LLB da LLM a fannin shari'a.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 August 2024 |title=Ighodalo not disqualified, says Edo Assembly Majority Leader |url=https://thesun.ng/ighodalo-not-disqualified-says-edo-assembly-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=thesun.ng}}</ref> == Ayyukan shari'a == Bayan kammala karatunsa daga [[Jami'ar Benin]], a Benin City, Jihar Edo, Aiguobarueghian ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin a kamfanin lauya na Arthur Obi Okafor, SAN & Associates kuma ya yi aiki ne a matsayin shugaban Hukumar Shari'a ta Jihar Edo a 2021. == Siyasa == An zabi Aiguobarueghian a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo a dandalin Jam'iyyar Demokradiyyar Jama'a (PDP) don wakiltar Ovia North-East Local Government Area I a cikin 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 State Houses of Assembly results - Edo state |url=https://www.stears.co/elections/2023/state-houses-of-assembly/ED/?constituency=SC%2F314%2FED |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=stears.co}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iguodala Charity Aiguobarueghian Ovia NorthEast |url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/iguodala-charity-aiguobarueghian |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=stears.co}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 December 2023 |title=Edo lawmaker empowers 41 women with N2m |url=https://blueprint.ng/edo-lawmaker-empowers-41-women-with-n2m/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=blueprint.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hon Aiguobarueghian and his PDP Sophistry |url=https://www.bendelmirror.com/post.php?news=MTA5Mw== |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=bendelmirror.com}}</ref> An nada shi a matsayin Shugaban Mafi rinjaye na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Propaganda, lies against Ighodalo won't work-Edo Majority Leader |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/propaganda-lies-against-ighodalo-wont-work-edo-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=thenationonlineng.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2024 |title=Edo 2024: 'Ighodalo na fine pikin wey everybody wan carry' – EDHA Majority Leader |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/06/edo-2024-ighodalo-na-fine-pikin-wey-everybody-wan-carry-edha-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=vanguardngr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2024 |title=EDHA Insists State Security Network remains Active Despite Suspension by Police |url=https://ait.live/edha-insists-state-security-network-remains-active-despite-suspension-by-police/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=ait.live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edo 2024: Beware of APCs black market EDHA Majority Leader warns |url=https://www.newsexpressngr.com/news/231175/edo-2024-beware-of-apcs-black-market-edha-majority-leader-warns |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=newsexpressngr.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == I{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 23757ey8ygbg0unba2tlgl55ekkehvd 549996 549995 2024-12-02T05:14:55Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 549996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Charity Iguodala Aiguobarueghian''' (an haife ta a ranar 24 ga watan Nuwamba 1976) [[lauya]] ce kuma '[[ɗan siyasa]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]]. Aiguobarueghian a halin yanzu tana wakiltar Ovia North-East Local Government Area I a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aiguobarueghian Charity |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/aiguobarueghian-charity |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=shineyoureye.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2023 |title=Political Parties Nominate Principal Officers For Edo State Assembly |url=https://von.gov.ng/political-parties-nominate-principal-officers-for-edo-state-assembly/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=von.gov.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2024 |title=Charity Aiguobarueghian moves for digital governance, electricity market bills |url=https://guardian.ng/news/nigeria/metro/charity-aiguobarueghian-moves-for-digital-governance-electricity-market-bills/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=guardian.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2024 |title=We'll make laws to impact Edo youths... Edo Lawmaker |url=https://timeline.ng/index.php/news/national/18416-we-ll-make-laws-to-impact-edo-youths-edo-lawmaker |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=timeline.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2024 |title=We'll make laws to impact Edo youths... Edo Lawmaker |url=https://timeline.ng/index.php/news/national/18416-we-ll-make-laws-to-impact-edo-youths-edo-lawmaker |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=timeline.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edo Lawmaker, Aiguobarueghian Lists Benefits Of Obaseki's Admin In Ovia North East Constituency |url=https://www.alltimepost.com/2024/04/edo-lawmaker-aiguobarueghian-lists-benefits-of-obasekis-admin-in-ovia-north-east-constituency/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=alltimepost.com}}</ref>   Aiguobarueghian ya zama shugaban mafi rinjaye na Majalisar ta 8. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Edo 2024: Wetin we gain, if we vote APC ? – EDHA Majority Leader |url=https://www.politicaleconomistng.com/173348-2/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=politicaleconomistng.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Charity Aiguobarueghian, Natasha Become Majority Leader, Deputy. |url=https://vibesfm.com.ng/blog/charity-aiguobarueghian-natasha-become-majority-leader-deputy |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=vibesfm.com.ng}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Aiguobarueghian a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 1976, a Ekiadolor, Ovia North-East Local Government Area of Edo State. Aiguobarueghian ta yi karatu a makarantar firamare ta Azagba, a Okha, yankin karamar hukuma ta Ovia ta Kudu maso Yamma. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Ekiadolor kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Benin]] inda ya sami digiri na LLB da LLM a fannin shari'a.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 August 2024 |title=Ighodalo not disqualified, says Edo Assembly Majority Leader |url=https://thesun.ng/ighodalo-not-disqualified-says-edo-assembly-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=thesun.ng}}</ref> == Ayyukan shari'a == Bayan kammala karatunsa daga [[Jami'ar Benin]], a Benin City, Jihar Edo, Aiguobarueghian ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin a kamfanin lauya na Arthur Obi Okafor, SAN & Associates kuma ya yi aiki ne a matsayin shugaban Hukumar Shari'a ta Jihar Edo a 2021. == Siyasa == An zabi Aiguobarueghian a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo a dandalin Jam'iyyar Demokradiyyar Jama'a (PDP) don wakiltar Ovia North-East Local Government Area I a cikin 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 State Houses of Assembly results - Edo state |url=https://www.stears.co/elections/2023/state-houses-of-assembly/ED/?constituency=SC%2F314%2FED |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=stears.co}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iguodala Charity Aiguobarueghian Ovia NorthEast |url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/iguodala-charity-aiguobarueghian |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=stears.co}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 December 2023 |title=Edo lawmaker empowers 41 women with N2m |url=https://blueprint.ng/edo-lawmaker-empowers-41-women-with-n2m/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=blueprint.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hon Aiguobarueghian and his PDP Sophistry |url=https://www.bendelmirror.com/post.php?news=MTA5Mw== |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=bendelmirror.com}}</ref> An nada shi a matsayin Shugaban Mafi rinjaye na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Propaganda, lies against Ighodalo won't work-Edo Majority Leader |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/propaganda-lies-against-ighodalo-wont-work-edo-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=thenationonlineng.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2024 |title=Edo 2024: 'Ighodalo na fine pikin wey everybody wan carry' – EDHA Majority Leader |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/06/edo-2024-ighodalo-na-fine-pikin-wey-everybody-wan-carry-edha-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=vanguardngr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2024 |title=EDHA Insists State Security Network remains Active Despite Suspension by Police |url=https://ait.live/edha-insists-state-security-network-remains-active-despite-suspension-by-police/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=ait.live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edo 2024: Beware of APCs black market EDHA Majority Leader warns |url=https://www.newsexpressngr.com/news/231175/edo-2024-beware-of-apcs-black-market-edha-majority-leader-warns |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=newsexpressngr.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == I{{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7r74ivq301fx93ma5fmaesurpzghaij 549997 549996 2024-12-02T05:15:16Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Manazarta */ 549997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Charity Iguodala Aiguobarueghian''' (an haife ta a ranar 24 ga watan Nuwamba 1976) [[lauya]] ce kuma '[[ɗan siyasa]] [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]]. Aiguobarueghian a halin yanzu tana wakiltar Ovia North-East Local Government Area I a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Aiguobarueghian Charity |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/aiguobarueghian-charity |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=shineyoureye.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2023 |title=Political Parties Nominate Principal Officers For Edo State Assembly |url=https://von.gov.ng/political-parties-nominate-principal-officers-for-edo-state-assembly/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=von.gov.ng}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2024 |title=Charity Aiguobarueghian moves for digital governance, electricity market bills |url=https://guardian.ng/news/nigeria/metro/charity-aiguobarueghian-moves-for-digital-governance-electricity-market-bills/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=guardian.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2024 |title=We'll make laws to impact Edo youths... Edo Lawmaker |url=https://timeline.ng/index.php/news/national/18416-we-ll-make-laws-to-impact-edo-youths-edo-lawmaker |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=timeline.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2024 |title=We'll make laws to impact Edo youths... Edo Lawmaker |url=https://timeline.ng/index.php/news/national/18416-we-ll-make-laws-to-impact-edo-youths-edo-lawmaker |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=timeline.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edo Lawmaker, Aiguobarueghian Lists Benefits Of Obaseki's Admin In Ovia North East Constituency |url=https://www.alltimepost.com/2024/04/edo-lawmaker-aiguobarueghian-lists-benefits-of-obasekis-admin-in-ovia-north-east-constituency/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=alltimepost.com}}</ref>   Aiguobarueghian ya zama shugaban mafi rinjaye na Majalisar ta 8. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Edo 2024: Wetin we gain, if we vote APC ? – EDHA Majority Leader |url=https://www.politicaleconomistng.com/173348-2/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=politicaleconomistng.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Charity Aiguobarueghian, Natasha Become Majority Leader, Deputy. |url=https://vibesfm.com.ng/blog/charity-aiguobarueghian-natasha-become-majority-leader-deputy |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=vibesfm.com.ng}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Aiguobarueghian a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 1976, a Ekiadolor, Ovia North-East Local Government Area of Edo State. Aiguobarueghian ta yi karatu a makarantar firamare ta Azagba, a Okha, yankin karamar hukuma ta Ovia ta Kudu maso Yamma. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Ekiadolor kuma ya ci gaba zuwa [[Jami'ar Benin]] inda ya sami digiri na LLB da LLM a fannin shari'a.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 August 2024 |title=Ighodalo not disqualified, says Edo Assembly Majority Leader |url=https://thesun.ng/ighodalo-not-disqualified-says-edo-assembly-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=thesun.ng}}</ref> == Ayyukan shari'a == Bayan kammala karatunsa daga [[Jami'ar Benin]], a Benin City, Jihar Edo, Aiguobarueghian ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin a kamfanin lauya na Arthur Obi Okafor, SAN & Associates kuma ya yi aiki ne a matsayin shugaban Hukumar Shari'a ta Jihar Edo a 2021. == Siyasa == An zabi Aiguobarueghian a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo a dandalin Jam'iyyar Demokradiyyar Jama'a (PDP) don wakiltar Ovia North-East Local Government Area I a cikin 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 State Houses of Assembly results - Edo state |url=https://www.stears.co/elections/2023/state-houses-of-assembly/ED/?constituency=SC%2F314%2FED |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=stears.co}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iguodala Charity Aiguobarueghian Ovia NorthEast |url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/iguodala-charity-aiguobarueghian |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=stears.co}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 December 2023 |title=Edo lawmaker empowers 41 women with N2m |url=https://blueprint.ng/edo-lawmaker-empowers-41-women-with-n2m/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=blueprint.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hon Aiguobarueghian and his PDP Sophistry |url=https://www.bendelmirror.com/post.php?news=MTA5Mw== |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=bendelmirror.com}}</ref> An nada shi a matsayin Shugaban Mafi rinjaye na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Propaganda, lies against Ighodalo won't work-Edo Majority Leader |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/propaganda-lies-against-ighodalo-wont-work-edo-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=thenationonlineng.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2024 |title=Edo 2024: 'Ighodalo na fine pikin wey everybody wan carry' – EDHA Majority Leader |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/06/edo-2024-ighodalo-na-fine-pikin-wey-everybody-wan-carry-edha-majority-leader/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=vanguardngr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2024 |title=EDHA Insists State Security Network remains Active Despite Suspension by Police |url=https://ait.live/edha-insists-state-security-network-remains-active-despite-suspension-by-police/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=ait.live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edo 2024: Beware of APCs black market EDHA Majority Leader warns |url=https://www.newsexpressngr.com/news/231175/edo-2024-beware-of-apcs-black-market-edha-majority-leader-warns |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=newsexpressngr.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 9a16esyfbgnkfbdj23q837dttdqpeim 0 88404 549998 2024-12-02T05:21:37Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1239442745|Chris Ayebusiwa]]" 549998 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa Chris Ayebusiwa''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Disamba 1979) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Umukoro |first=Joshua |date=2 May 2022 |title=HON CHRISTOPHER ODUNAYO AHRIS AYEBUSIWA A GRACE MISSION FOR THE COMMON GOOD OF OKITIPUPA CONSTITUENCY 1 PEOPLE. |url=https://heromagazines.com/hon-christopher-odunayo-ahris-ayebusiwa-a-grace-mission-for-the-common-good-of-okitipupa-constituency-1-people-by-joshua-umukoro/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne kuma mai kula da jama'a. Shi memba ne na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ondo wanda ke wakiltar Mazabar Okitipupa 1 a dandalin All Progressive Congress (APC). <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Ondo lawmaker-elect, Ayebusiwa promises effective representation for constituents |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/ondo-lawmaker-elect-ayebusiwa-promises-effective-representation-for-constituents/ |access-date=May 26, 2024 |website=Nigerian Tribune}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Chris ya fito ne daga yankin Igo-Aduwo na Ilutitun, Masarautar Morubodo, a cikin karamar hukumar Okitipupa ta yanzu ta Jihar Ondo. Iyayensa, Dokta Joseph Omotayo Ayebusiwa, da Mrs Mabel Olayinka Ayebusiwa (Nee Ikupolusi) (duka sun mutu). <ref>{{Cite web |title=I'm the Man to Beat in Okitipupa Constituency One, Contesting to set New Standards&nbsp;– Ayebusiwa |url=https://thechroniclemagazine.com/im-the-man-to-beat-in-okitipupa-constituency-one-contesting-to-set-new-standards-ayebusiwa/ |access-date=May 27, 2024}}</ref> Ya sami digiri na farko na Kimiyya a cikin gwamnati daga [[Jami'ar Jihar Lagos|Jami'ar Jihar Legas]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Umukoro |first=Joshua |date=2 May 2022 |title=HON CHRISTOPHER ODUNAYO AHRIS AYEBUSIWA A GRACE MISSION FOR THE COMMON GOOD OF OKITIPUPA CONSTITUENCY 1 PEOPLE. |url=https://heromagazines.com/hon-christopher-odunayo-ahris-ayebusiwa-a-grace-mission-for-the-common-good-of-okitipupa-constituency-1-people-by-joshua-umukoro/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFUmukoro2022">Umukoro, Joshua (2 May 2022). [https://heromagazines.com/hon-christopher-odunayo-ahris-ayebusiwa-a-grace-mission-for-the-common-good-of-okitipupa-constituency-1-people-by-joshua-umukoro/ "HON CHRISTOPHER ODUNAYO AHRIS AYEBUSIWA A GRACE MISSION FOR THE COMMON GOOD OF OKITIPUPA CONSTITUENCY 1 PEOPLE"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Siyasa == An zabi Chris a dandalin All Progressives Congress (APC) a watan Maris na shekara ta 2023, kuma an kaddamar da shi a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ondo ta 10 a watan Yunin 2023, bayan yunkurin da bai yi nasara ba a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2, 2023 |title=ODHA: Chris Ayebusiwainaugurated, assures of visible difference |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/odha-chris-ayebusiwa-inaugurated-assures-of-visible-difference/ |access-date=May 26, 2024 |website=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ovirih |first=Steven |date=January 5, 2024 |title=Prioritize Communal Progress over personal pursuits, Hon. Chris Ayebusiwa Charges constituents. |url=https://thepolity.net/prioritize-communal-progress-over-personal-pursuits-hon-chris-ayebusiwa-charges-constituents/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> Daga cikin sauran matsayi na doka, Chris yana jagorantar Kwamitin Majalisar kan Cibiyoyin Tertiary.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2023 |title=Chris Ayebusiwa Emerges Lawmaker of the Year |url=https://tracenewsmagazine.com/chris-ayebusiwa-emerges-lawmaker-of-the-year/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 2023 |title=Chris Ayebusiwa is starting big as Okitipupa lawmaker&nbsp;—says Varsity Don |url=https://sunshinetruthng.com/2023/07/07/chris-ayebusiwa-is-starting-big-as-okitipupa-lawmaker-says-varsity-don/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] m6ugov5pbpft5yuvxn6h7w3ype6puvc 549999 549998 2024-12-02T05:22:29Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 549999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Chris Ayebusiwa''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Disamba 1979) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Umukoro |first=Joshua |date=2 May 2022 |title=HON CHRISTOPHER ODUNAYO AHRIS AYEBUSIWA A GRACE MISSION FOR THE COMMON GOOD OF OKITIPUPA CONSTITUENCY 1 PEOPLE. |url=https://heromagazines.com/hon-christopher-odunayo-ahris-ayebusiwa-a-grace-mission-for-the-common-good-of-okitipupa-constituency-1-people-by-joshua-umukoro/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne kuma mai kula da jama'a. Shi memba ne na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ondo wanda ke wakiltar Mazabar Okitipupa 1 a dandalin All Progressive Congress (APC). <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Ondo lawmaker-elect, Ayebusiwa promises effective representation for constituents |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/ondo-lawmaker-elect-ayebusiwa-promises-effective-representation-for-constituents/ |access-date=May 26, 2024 |website=Nigerian Tribune}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Chris ya fito ne daga yankin Igo-Aduwo na Ilutitun, Masarautar Morubodo, a cikin karamar hukumar Okitipupa ta yanzu ta Jihar Ondo. Iyayensa, Dokta Joseph Omotayo Ayebusiwa, da Mrs Mabel Olayinka Ayebusiwa (Nee Ikupolusi) (duka sun mutu). <ref>{{Cite web |title=I'm the Man to Beat in Okitipupa Constituency One, Contesting to set New Standards&nbsp;– Ayebusiwa |url=https://thechroniclemagazine.com/im-the-man-to-beat-in-okitipupa-constituency-one-contesting-to-set-new-standards-ayebusiwa/ |access-date=May 27, 2024}}</ref> Ya sami digiri na farko na Kimiyya a cikin gwamnati daga [[Jami'ar Jihar Lagos|Jami'ar Jihar Legas]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Umukoro |first=Joshua |date=2 May 2022 |title=HON CHRISTOPHER ODUNAYO AHRIS AYEBUSIWA A GRACE MISSION FOR THE COMMON GOOD OF OKITIPUPA CONSTITUENCY 1 PEOPLE. |url=https://heromagazines.com/hon-christopher-odunayo-ahris-ayebusiwa-a-grace-mission-for-the-common-good-of-okitipupa-constituency-1-people-by-joshua-umukoro/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFUmukoro2022">Umukoro, Joshua (2 May 2022). [https://heromagazines.com/hon-christopher-odunayo-ahris-ayebusiwa-a-grace-mission-for-the-common-good-of-okitipupa-constituency-1-people-by-joshua-umukoro/ "HON CHRISTOPHER ODUNAYO AHRIS AYEBUSIWA A GRACE MISSION FOR THE COMMON GOOD OF OKITIPUPA CONSTITUENCY 1 PEOPLE"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Siyasa == An zabi Chris a dandalin All Progressives Congress (APC) a watan Maris na shekara ta 2023, kuma an kaddamar da shi a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ondo ta 10 a watan Yunin 2023, bayan yunkurin da bai yi nasara ba a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2, 2023 |title=ODHA: Chris Ayebusiwainaugurated, assures of visible difference |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/odha-chris-ayebusiwa-inaugurated-assures-of-visible-difference/ |access-date=May 26, 2024 |website=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ovirih |first=Steven |date=January 5, 2024 |title=Prioritize Communal Progress over personal pursuits, Hon. Chris Ayebusiwa Charges constituents. |url=https://thepolity.net/prioritize-communal-progress-over-personal-pursuits-hon-chris-ayebusiwa-charges-constituents/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> Daga cikin sauran matsayi na doka, Chris yana jagorantar Kwamitin Majalisar kan Cibiyoyin Tertiary.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2023 |title=Chris Ayebusiwa Emerges Lawmaker of the Year |url=https://tracenewsmagazine.com/chris-ayebusiwa-emerges-lawmaker-of-the-year/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 2023 |title=Chris Ayebusiwa is starting big as Okitipupa lawmaker&nbsp;—says Varsity Don |url=https://sunshinetruthng.com/2023/07/07/chris-ayebusiwa-is-starting-big-as-okitipupa-lawmaker-says-varsity-don/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] 0byu9y72g5a6a4bjwf851tfx6730uwi 550001 549999 2024-12-02T05:23:07Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi */ 550001 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Chris Ayebusiwa''' (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Disamba 1979) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Umukoro |first=Joshua |date=2 May 2022 |title=HON CHRISTOPHER ODUNAYO AHRIS AYEBUSIWA A GRACE MISSION FOR THE COMMON GOOD OF OKITIPUPA CONSTITUENCY 1 PEOPLE. |url=https://heromagazines.com/hon-christopher-odunayo-ahris-ayebusiwa-a-grace-mission-for-the-common-good-of-okitipupa-constituency-1-people-by-joshua-umukoro/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne kuma mai kula da jama'a. Shi memba ne na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ondo wanda ke wakiltar Mazabar Okitipupa 1 a dandalin All Progressive Congress (APC). <ref>{{Cite web |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Ondo lawmaker-elect, Ayebusiwa promises effective representation for constituents |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/ondo-lawmaker-elect-ayebusiwa-promises-effective-representation-for-constituents/ |access-date=May 26, 2024 |website=Nigerian Tribune}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == Chris ya fito ne daga yankin Igo-Aduwo na Ilutitun, Masarautar Morubodo, a cikin karamar hukumar Okitipupa ta yanzu ta Jihar Ondo. Iyayensa, Dokta Joseph Omotayo Ayebusiwa, da Mrs Mabel Olayinka Ayebusiwa (Nee Ikupolusi) (duka sun mutu). <ref>{{Cite web |title=I'm the Man to Beat in Okitipupa Constituency One, Contesting to set New Standards&nbsp;– Ayebusiwa |url=https://thechroniclemagazine.com/im-the-man-to-beat-in-okitipupa-constituency-one-contesting-to-set-new-standards-ayebusiwa/ |access-date=May 27, 2024}}</ref> Ya sami digiri na farko na Kimiyya a cikin gwamnati daga [[Jami'ar Jihar Lagos|Jami'ar Jihar Legas]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Umukoro |first=Joshua |date=2 May 2022 |title=HON CHRISTOPHER ODUNAYO AHRIS AYEBUSIWA A GRACE MISSION FOR THE COMMON GOOD OF OKITIPUPA CONSTITUENCY 1 PEOPLE. |url=https://heromagazines.com/hon-christopher-odunayo-ahris-ayebusiwa-a-grace-mission-for-the-common-good-of-okitipupa-constituency-1-people-by-joshua-umukoro/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> == Siyasa == An zabi Chris a dandalin All Progressives Congress (APC) a watan Maris na shekara ta 2023, kuma an kaddamar da shi a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ondo ta 10 a watan Yunin 2023, bayan yunkurin da bai yi nasara ba a wannan matsayi a shekarar 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 2, 2023 |title=ODHA: Chris Ayebusiwainaugurated, assures of visible difference |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/odha-chris-ayebusiwa-inaugurated-assures-of-visible-difference/ |access-date=May 26, 2024 |website=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ovirih |first=Steven |date=January 5, 2024 |title=Prioritize Communal Progress over personal pursuits, Hon. Chris Ayebusiwa Charges constituents. |url=https://thepolity.net/prioritize-communal-progress-over-personal-pursuits-hon-chris-ayebusiwa-charges-constituents/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> Daga cikin sauran matsayi na doka, Chris yana jagorantar Kwamitin Majalisar kan Cibiyoyin Tertiary.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 10, 2023 |title=Chris Ayebusiwa Emerges Lawmaker of the Year |url=https://tracenewsmagazine.com/chris-ayebusiwa-emerges-lawmaker-of-the-year/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 2023 |title=Chris Ayebusiwa is starting big as Okitipupa lawmaker&nbsp;—says Varsity Don |url=https://sunshinetruthng.com/2023/07/07/chris-ayebusiwa-is-starting-big-as-okitipupa-lawmaker-says-varsity-don/ |access-date=May 26, 2024}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979]] nz7ey79jqkk3phs5qqd0top779462qh 0 88405 550002 2024-12-02T05:26:18Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1250590233|Dayo Benjamins-Laniyi]]" 550002 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan Adedayo Benjamins-Laniyi''' (née Olumide, an haife ta a shekara ta 1965) '[[Haƙƙoƙin Mata|'Yan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata]] ce, mai kula da bikin kuma mai aiki a siyasa a karkashin jam'iyyar da ke mulki a Najeriya, All Progressives Congress (APC). A cikin 2023 Shugaba [[Bola Tinubu]] ya nada ta a matsayin Sakatariyar Mandate don jagorantar sabuwar Sakatarihin Harkokin Mata na [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] (FCTA). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shaibu |first=Nathaniel |date=2023-10-16 |title=Tinubu appoints Benjamins-Laniyi as FCT women affairs secretary |url=https://punchng.com/tinubu-appoints-benjamins-laniyi-as-fct-women-affairs-secretary/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce Grand Matron na 'Hope Again for FCT Women in Politics', kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙarfafawa da kuma jagorantar mata a fagen siyasa a Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Adedayo Benjamins-Laniyi a shekara ta 1965 kuma ta fito ne daga [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] kuma tana da haihuwar haihuwa biyu, saboda mahaifiyarta ta fito ne a [[Trinidad]]. Ta halarci [[Queen's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Queens]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]] don karatun sakandare kuma ta kammala karatun Turanci a shekarar 1989 daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ta kafa wani taron kafofin watsa labarai da kungiyar salon rayuwa mai suna Doxa Group, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin a Ask Aunty D wanda aka watsa a kan Cibiyar watsa shirye-aikacen Kirista.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Benjamin-Laniyi: My Utmost Concern for the Nigerian Girl-Child is That She May Attain and Live the Life of Her Dream – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/02/03/benjamin-laniyi-my-utmost-concern-for-the-nigerian-girl-child-is-that-she-may-attain-and-live-the-life-of-her-dream/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> Ita Fasto ce a cikin Ikilisiyar Kirista ta Allah kuma ta auri Fasto Tunde Benjamins-Laniyi, Fasto na RCCG Throne Room Transcorp Hilton, Abuja . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Oyediji |first=Tayo |date=2022-11-22 |title=Why Sen. OLUREMI TINUBU Likes DAYO BEN LANIYI |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/why-sen-oluremi-tinubu-likes-dayo-ben-laniyi/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Tana da 'ya'ya hudu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sgreen |date=2018-09-24 |title=Dayo Benjamins-Laniyi, A Woman Who Speaks and Acts with Integrity |url=https://bigoceanwomen.org/dayo-benjamins-laniyi-a-woman-who-speaks-and-acts-with-integrity/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=Big Ocean Women |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == A cikin APC, ta kasance daga cikin hudu da suka yi takara a zaben fidda gwani don wakiltar Babban Birnin Tarayya a 2022, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abuchi |first=Joe |date=2022-05-13 |title=I Present Myself As Expression Of Change In FCT - Senate Aspirant Dayo Laniyi |url=https://authorityngr.com/2022/05/13/i-present-myself-as-expression-of-change-in-fct-senate-aspirant-dayo-laniyi/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=THE AUTHORITY NEWS |language=en-US}}</ref> amma ta rasa a matsayin mai tseren farko har zuwa Angulu Zakari - tsohon memba na Majalisar Wakilai na Abaji / Gwagwalada / Kwali / Kuje da kashi 81%. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-11 |title=Why Adedayo, others not satisfied with FCT APC Senate primaries - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/why-adedayo-others-not-satisfied-with-fct-apc-senate-primaries/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2023, Shugaba Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya nada ta Sakatariyar Mandate. == Rashin jituwa == A matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin shekara-shekara na The Experience wanda House on the Rock ya shirya, <ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2022-12-14 |title=The Experience returned for Its 17th Edition With a Night of Powerful Performances & Prayer |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2022/12/the-experience-17th-edition/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Dayo Benjamins-Laniyi wanda a lokacin ya kasance sanata mai neman shiga APC yayin da yake gabatar da tsohon gwamnan [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]] da kuma dan takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar Labour Peter Obi ya bayyana cewa gabatarwarta ta siyasa ce ba ta sirri ba. An tattauna gabatarwar mai rikitarwa sosai a kafofin sada zumunta yayin da kungiyoyi daban-daban suka tattauna idan ya zama dole ko a'a saboda taron ba na siyasa ba ne, la'akari da cewa sun fito ne daga jam'iyyun adawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ibeh |first=Nnenna |date=2022-12-06 |title=Wahala: Nigerians react to weird moment APC Senate aspirant introduced Peter Obi |url=https://www.legit.ng/politics/1507586-its-political-personal-nigerians-react-video-apc-reps-aspirant-introducing-peter-obi-church/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news. |language=en}}</ref> == Karramawa == A cikin 2020, ta sami karbuwa daga tasirin aikinta na Dream Girls inda ta shafi 'yan mata sama da 500 a cikin ma'aikata <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-06 |title=Abuja school honours activist for girl empowerment - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/abuja-school-honours-activist-for-girl-empowerment/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |language=en-US}}</ref> Benjamins-Laniyi Fellow ne na Cibiyar Masu ba da Shawara ta Gudanarwa da Mai ba da Shawarar Gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Benjamin-Laniyi: My Utmost Concern for the Nigerian Girl-Child is That She May Attain and Live the Life of Her Dream – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/02/03/benjamin-laniyi-my-utmost-concern-for-the-nigerian-girl-child-is-that-she-may-attain-and-live-the-life-of-her-dream/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/02/03/benjamin-laniyi-my-utmost-concern-for-the-nigerian-girl-child-is-that-she-may-attain-and-live-the-life-of-her-dream/ "Benjamin-Laniyi: My Utmost Concern for the Nigerian Girl-Child is That She May Attain and Live the Life of Her Dream – THISDAYLIVE"]. ''www.thisdaylive.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] q3kkxqr5hnevknfzlsqr6xluo26gxvi 550003 550002 2024-12-02T05:26:57Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Karramawa */ 550003 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan Adedayo Benjamins-Laniyi''' (née Olumide, an haife ta a shekara ta 1965) '[[Haƙƙoƙin Mata|'Yan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata]] ce, mai kula da bikin kuma mai aiki a siyasa a karkashin jam'iyyar da ke mulki a Najeriya, All Progressives Congress (APC). A cikin 2023 Shugaba [[Bola Tinubu]] ya nada ta a matsayin Sakatariyar Mandate don jagorantar sabuwar Sakatarihin Harkokin Mata na [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] (FCTA). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shaibu |first=Nathaniel |date=2023-10-16 |title=Tinubu appoints Benjamins-Laniyi as FCT women affairs secretary |url=https://punchng.com/tinubu-appoints-benjamins-laniyi-as-fct-women-affairs-secretary/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce Grand Matron na 'Hope Again for FCT Women in Politics', kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙarfafawa da kuma jagorantar mata a fagen siyasa a Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Adedayo Benjamins-Laniyi a shekara ta 1965 kuma ta fito ne daga [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] kuma tana da haihuwar haihuwa biyu, saboda mahaifiyarta ta fito ne a [[Trinidad]]. Ta halarci [[Queen's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Queens]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]] don karatun sakandare kuma ta kammala karatun Turanci a shekarar 1989 daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ta kafa wani taron kafofin watsa labarai da kungiyar salon rayuwa mai suna Doxa Group, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin a Ask Aunty D wanda aka watsa a kan Cibiyar watsa shirye-aikacen Kirista.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Benjamin-Laniyi: My Utmost Concern for the Nigerian Girl-Child is That She May Attain and Live the Life of Her Dream – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/02/03/benjamin-laniyi-my-utmost-concern-for-the-nigerian-girl-child-is-that-she-may-attain-and-live-the-life-of-her-dream/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> Ita Fasto ce a cikin Ikilisiyar Kirista ta Allah kuma ta auri Fasto Tunde Benjamins-Laniyi, Fasto na RCCG Throne Room Transcorp Hilton, Abuja . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Oyediji |first=Tayo |date=2022-11-22 |title=Why Sen. OLUREMI TINUBU Likes DAYO BEN LANIYI |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/why-sen-oluremi-tinubu-likes-dayo-ben-laniyi/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Tana da 'ya'ya hudu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sgreen |date=2018-09-24 |title=Dayo Benjamins-Laniyi, A Woman Who Speaks and Acts with Integrity |url=https://bigoceanwomen.org/dayo-benjamins-laniyi-a-woman-who-speaks-and-acts-with-integrity/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=Big Ocean Women |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == A cikin APC, ta kasance daga cikin hudu da suka yi takara a zaben fidda gwani don wakiltar Babban Birnin Tarayya a 2022, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abuchi |first=Joe |date=2022-05-13 |title=I Present Myself As Expression Of Change In FCT - Senate Aspirant Dayo Laniyi |url=https://authorityngr.com/2022/05/13/i-present-myself-as-expression-of-change-in-fct-senate-aspirant-dayo-laniyi/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=THE AUTHORITY NEWS |language=en-US}}</ref> amma ta rasa a matsayin mai tseren farko har zuwa Angulu Zakari - tsohon memba na Majalisar Wakilai na Abaji / Gwagwalada / Kwali / Kuje da kashi 81%. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-11 |title=Why Adedayo, others not satisfied with FCT APC Senate primaries - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/why-adedayo-others-not-satisfied-with-fct-apc-senate-primaries/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2023, Shugaba Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya nada ta Sakatariyar Mandate. == Rashin jituwa == A matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin shekara-shekara na The Experience wanda House on the Rock ya shirya, <ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2022-12-14 |title=The Experience returned for Its 17th Edition With a Night of Powerful Performances & Prayer |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2022/12/the-experience-17th-edition/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Dayo Benjamins-Laniyi wanda a lokacin ya kasance sanata mai neman shiga APC yayin da yake gabatar da tsohon gwamnan [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]] da kuma dan takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar Labour Peter Obi ya bayyana cewa gabatarwarta ta siyasa ce ba ta sirri ba. An tattauna gabatarwar mai rikitarwa sosai a kafofin sada zumunta yayin da kungiyoyi daban-daban suka tattauna idan ya zama dole ko a'a saboda taron ba na siyasa ba ne, la'akari da cewa sun fito ne daga jam'iyyun adawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ibeh |first=Nnenna |date=2022-12-06 |title=Wahala: Nigerians react to weird moment APC Senate aspirant introduced Peter Obi |url=https://www.legit.ng/politics/1507586-its-political-personal-nigerians-react-video-apc-reps-aspirant-introducing-peter-obi-church/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news. |language=en}}</ref> == Karramawa == A cikin 2020, ta sami karbuwa daga tasirin aikinta na Dream Girls inda ta shafi 'yan mata sama da 500 a cikin ma'aikata <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-06 |title=Abuja school honours activist for girl empowerment - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/abuja-school-honours-activist-for-girl-empowerment/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |language=en-US}}</ref> Benjamins-Laniyi Fellow ne na Cibiyar Masu ba da Shawara ta Gudanarwa da Mai ba da Shawarar Gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Benjamin-Laniyi: My Utmost Concern for the Nigerian Girl-Child is That She May Attain and Live the Life of Her Dream – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/02/03/benjamin-laniyi-my-utmost-concern-for-the-nigerian-girl-child-is-that-she-may-attain-and-live-the-life-of-her-dream/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] b6bmdhyv8yrhumhtufzn20mw1e9qbfj 550004 550003 2024-12-02T05:27:29Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550004 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Adedayo Benjamins-Laniyi''' (née Olumide, an haife ta a shekara ta 1965) '[[Haƙƙoƙin Mata|'Yan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata]] ce, mai kula da bikin kuma mai aiki a siyasa a karkashin jam'iyyar da ke mulki a Najeriya, All Progressives Congress (APC). A cikin 2023 Shugaba [[Bola Tinubu]] ya nada ta a matsayin Sakatariyar Mandate don jagorantar sabuwar Sakatarihin Harkokin Mata na [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Babban Birnin Tarayya]] (FCTA). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shaibu |first=Nathaniel |date=2023-10-16 |title=Tinubu appoints Benjamins-Laniyi as FCT women affairs secretary |url=https://punchng.com/tinubu-appoints-benjamins-laniyi-as-fct-women-affairs-secretary/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce Grand Matron na 'Hope Again for FCT Women in Politics', kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙarfafawa da kuma jagorantar mata a fagen siyasa a Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Adedayo Benjamins-Laniyi a shekara ta 1965 kuma ta fito ne daga [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] kuma tana da haihuwar haihuwa biyu, saboda mahaifiyarta ta fito ne a [[Trinidad]]. Ta halarci [[Queen's College, Lagos|Kwalejin Queens]], [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]] don karatun sakandare kuma ta kammala karatun Turanci a shekarar 1989 daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ta kafa wani taron kafofin watsa labarai da kungiyar salon rayuwa mai suna Doxa Group, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin a Ask Aunty D wanda aka watsa a kan Cibiyar watsa shirye-aikacen Kirista.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Benjamin-Laniyi: My Utmost Concern for the Nigerian Girl-Child is That She May Attain and Live the Life of Her Dream – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/02/03/benjamin-laniyi-my-utmost-concern-for-the-nigerian-girl-child-is-that-she-may-attain-and-live-the-life-of-her-dream/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> Ita Fasto ce a cikin Ikilisiyar Kirista ta Allah kuma ta auri Fasto Tunde Benjamins-Laniyi, Fasto na RCCG Throne Room Transcorp Hilton, Abuja . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Oyediji |first=Tayo |date=2022-11-22 |title=Why Sen. OLUREMI TINUBU Likes DAYO BEN LANIYI |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/why-sen-oluremi-tinubu-likes-dayo-ben-laniyi/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Tana da 'ya'ya hudu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sgreen |date=2018-09-24 |title=Dayo Benjamins-Laniyi, A Woman Who Speaks and Acts with Integrity |url=https://bigoceanwomen.org/dayo-benjamins-laniyi-a-woman-who-speaks-and-acts-with-integrity/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=Big Ocean Women |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == A cikin APC, ta kasance daga cikin hudu da suka yi takara a zaben fidda gwani don wakiltar Babban Birnin Tarayya a 2022, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abuchi |first=Joe |date=2022-05-13 |title=I Present Myself As Expression Of Change In FCT - Senate Aspirant Dayo Laniyi |url=https://authorityngr.com/2022/05/13/i-present-myself-as-expression-of-change-in-fct-senate-aspirant-dayo-laniyi/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=THE AUTHORITY NEWS |language=en-US}}</ref> amma ta rasa a matsayin mai tseren farko har zuwa Angulu Zakari - tsohon memba na Majalisar Wakilai na Abaji / Gwagwalada / Kwali / Kuje da kashi 81%. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-11 |title=Why Adedayo, others not satisfied with FCT APC Senate primaries - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/why-adedayo-others-not-satisfied-with-fct-apc-senate-primaries/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2023, Shugaba Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya nada ta Sakatariyar Mandate. == Rashin jituwa == A matsayin mai karɓar bakuncin shekara-shekara na The Experience wanda House on the Rock ya shirya, <ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2022-12-14 |title=The Experience returned for Its 17th Edition With a Night of Powerful Performances & Prayer |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2022/12/the-experience-17th-edition/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> Dayo Benjamins-Laniyi wanda a lokacin ya kasance sanata mai neman shiga APC yayin da yake gabatar da tsohon gwamnan [[Anambra|Jihar Anambra]] da kuma dan takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar Labour Peter Obi ya bayyana cewa gabatarwarta ta siyasa ce ba ta sirri ba. An tattauna gabatarwar mai rikitarwa sosai a kafofin sada zumunta yayin da kungiyoyi daban-daban suka tattauna idan ya zama dole ko a'a saboda taron ba na siyasa ba ne, la'akari da cewa sun fito ne daga jam'iyyun adawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ibeh |first=Nnenna |date=2022-12-06 |title=Wahala: Nigerians react to weird moment APC Senate aspirant introduced Peter Obi |url=https://www.legit.ng/politics/1507586-its-political-personal-nigerians-react-video-apc-reps-aspirant-introducing-peter-obi-church/ |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news. |language=en}}</ref> == Karramawa == A cikin 2020, ta sami karbuwa daga tasirin aikinta na Dream Girls inda ta shafi 'yan mata sama da 500 a cikin ma'aikata <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-06 |title=Abuja school honours activist for girl empowerment - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/abuja-school-honours-activist-for-girl-empowerment/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |language=en-US}}</ref> Benjamins-Laniyi Fellow ne na Cibiyar Masu ba da Shawara ta Gudanarwa da Mai ba da Shawarar Gudanarwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Benjamin-Laniyi: My Utmost Concern for the Nigerian Girl-Child is That She May Attain and Live the Life of Her Dream – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/02/03/benjamin-laniyi-my-utmost-concern-for-the-nigerian-girl-child-is-that-she-may-attain-and-live-the-life-of-her-dream/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] 3b68uzf4yktutphqo6lwbmuie8aak8e 0 88406 550053 2024-12-02T06:16:54Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1255829057|Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson]]" 550053 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson,''' wanda aka fi sani da FAJ, [[ɗan siyasa]] [[Najeriya]] ne, Ma'aikacin gwamnati, Kwalejin kimiyya kuma ɗan kasuwa, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) ta Najeriya . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson a [[Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas|Ododeyo, Ijebu Arewa maso Gabas]], [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun, Najeriya]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Michael, Ododeyo don karatun firamare, sannan ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Deyo Tuwo don karatun sakandare. Johnson ya ci gaba da karatunsa mafi girma a [[Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo|Jami'ar Jihar Ogun (yanzu Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo, Ago Iwoye)]] , inda ya kammala karatu tare da digiri a fannin Geography da Regional Planning a shekarar 1998. A shekara ta 2004, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ya ci gaba da karatunsa kuma a shekarar 2012 ya sami Jagora na Gudanar da Kasuwanci (MBA) daga [[Jami'ar Takanolaji na Ladoke Akintola|Jami'ar Ladoke Akintola]], ƙwararre a cikin talla. A cikin 2020, Johnson ya fara digirinsa na PhD a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar Ilimi ta Tai Solarin, yana mai da hankali kan [[Canjin yanayi]] da Gudanar da Kogin Kogin . <ref>{{Cite web |last=hamzat |date=2018-08-30 |title="I'm In Politics To Spread Joy" ...Ogun Assembly Hopeful, FAJ |url=https://globalexcellenceonline.com/im-in-politics-to-spread-joy-ogun-assembly-hopeful-faj/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=Global Excellence Online |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya kammala a 2024. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan kamfanoni === Johnson ya fara sana'arsa a cikin Ayyukan kamfanoni, yana aiki a cikin shawarwari, kayan masarufi masu saurin motsi (FMCG), da kayan lantarki.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya fara aikinsa a [[Akintola Williams Deloitte]] a shekara ta 2003, wani kamfani mai ba da shawara, kafin ya koma [[Kamfanin Kwalabe na Najeriya|Kamfanin Bottling na Najeriya]], inda ya ba da gudummawa ga tallace-tallace da tallace-tafiyen kayayyakin [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]]. Daga baya, ya shiga FrieslandCampina, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kamfanin Peak da madara. Ya kuma taka rawa a matsayin Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kasa na Royal Philips Netherlands, matsayin da ya rike daga 2013 zuwa 2018.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Ayyukan siyasa === Ayyukan siyasa na Johnson ya fara ne a shekarar 2014, lokacin da ya yi takara a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ogun amma ya fadi. Ya sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 2019, kuma an zabe shi memba na majalisar dokokin jihar Ogun wanda ke wakiltar mazabar jihar Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Amarachi |date=2024-03-06 |title=Senate Confirms Tinubu's Nominees, Raheem, Abayomi As NPC Commissioner |url=https://www.tori.ng/news/263759/senate-confirms-tinubus-nominees-raheem-abayomi-as.html |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Tori.ng |language=English}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinsa, ya mayar da hankali kan ci gaban ababen more rayuwa da kuma shiga cikin al'umma, mazabar da kuma kananan hukumomi.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=OgunToday |date=2022-04-21 |title=2023: Ijebu North-East APC stakeholders endorse Ogun lawmaker, Fasuwa for second term |url=https://oguntoday.com/2023-ijebu-north-east-apc-stakeholders-endorse-ogun-lawmaker-fasuwa-for-second-term/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Oguntoday Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-19 |title=Otunba Faj: President Tinubu Paves Way for Effective Governance - News Reporters |url=https://newsreporters.com.ng/2024/02/19/otunba-faj-president-tinubu-paves-way-for-effective-governance/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2024, an zabi Johnson a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] a karkashin gwamnatin [[Bola Tinubu|Shugaba Bola Tinubu]] . Ayyukansa a cikin wannan rawar sun haɗa da kula da Ayyukan ƙididdigar ƙasa da tsara yawan jama'a, kuma ya yi aiki don inganta tattara bayanai don manufofin yawan jama'ar ƙasa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEditorial_012024">Editorial 01, Premier (2024-03-06). [https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ "JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS"]. ''The Premier News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ([[:Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> === Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa === A cikin 2024, an nada Johnson a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]], wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da kula da ayyukan ƙidaya, tsara yawan jama'a, da kuma kula da bayanan jama'a ga al'ummar. A matsayin wani ɓangare na NPC, yana aiki don tabbatar da cewa an tattara bayanan yawan jama'ar Najeriya daidai, an bincika su, kuma an yi amfani da su don manufofi ci gaban ƙasa, musamman a fannoni kamar [[Kula da lafiya|kiwon lafiya]], ilimi, da tsara ababen more rayuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEditorial_012024">Editorial 01, Premier (2024-03-06). [https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ "JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS"]. ''The Premier News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ([[:Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Fasuwa Johnson ta yi aure, tana da 'ya'ya uku.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Takardun sarauta da girmamawa == Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga hidimar jama'a da al'ummarsa, Johnson yana da taken Otunba Apesin na Ilugun-South Ijebu da Apesin na Igbeba Land. Taken ''Otunba'' girmamawa ce ta gargajiya a [[Najeriya]], yawanci ana ba da ita ga mutanen da suka ba da gudummawa ga al'ummominsu, sau da yawa a cikin jagoranci, taimakon jama'a, ko sabis.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |date=2017-07-03 |title=Meet AWUJALE's 50 Otunbas & High Chiefs+ Why Oba SIKIRU ADETONA Likes Them |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/meet-awujales-50-otunbas-high-chiefs-oba-sikiru-adetona-likes/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] shszmdxakaw72wigcl2du6nv0ifv0fl 550056 550053 2024-12-02T06:17:53Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa */ 550056 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson,''' wanda aka fi sani da FAJ, [[ɗan siyasa]] [[Najeriya]] ne, Ma'aikacin gwamnati, Kwalejin kimiyya kuma ɗan kasuwa, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) ta Najeriya . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson a [[Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas|Ododeyo, Ijebu Arewa maso Gabas]], [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun, Najeriya]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Michael, Ododeyo don karatun firamare, sannan ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Deyo Tuwo don karatun sakandare. Johnson ya ci gaba da karatunsa mafi girma a [[Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo|Jami'ar Jihar Ogun (yanzu Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo, Ago Iwoye)]] , inda ya kammala karatu tare da digiri a fannin Geography da Regional Planning a shekarar 1998. A shekara ta 2004, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ya ci gaba da karatunsa kuma a shekarar 2012 ya sami Jagora na Gudanar da Kasuwanci (MBA) daga [[Jami'ar Takanolaji na Ladoke Akintola|Jami'ar Ladoke Akintola]], ƙwararre a cikin talla. A cikin 2020, Johnson ya fara digirinsa na PhD a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar Ilimi ta Tai Solarin, yana mai da hankali kan [[Canjin yanayi]] da Gudanar da Kogin Kogin . <ref>{{Cite web |last=hamzat |date=2018-08-30 |title="I'm In Politics To Spread Joy" ...Ogun Assembly Hopeful, FAJ |url=https://globalexcellenceonline.com/im-in-politics-to-spread-joy-ogun-assembly-hopeful-faj/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=Global Excellence Online |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya kammala a 2024. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan kamfanoni === Johnson ya fara sana'arsa a cikin Ayyukan kamfanoni, yana aiki a cikin shawarwari, kayan masarufi masu saurin motsi (FMCG), da kayan lantarki.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya fara aikinsa a [[Akintola Williams Deloitte]] a shekara ta 2003, wani kamfani mai ba da shawara, kafin ya koma [[Kamfanin Kwalabe na Najeriya|Kamfanin Bottling na Najeriya]], inda ya ba da gudummawa ga tallace-tallace da tallace-tafiyen kayayyakin [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]]. Daga baya, ya shiga FrieslandCampina, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kamfanin Peak da madara. Ya kuma taka rawa a matsayin Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kasa na Royal Philips Netherlands, matsayin da ya rike daga 2013 zuwa 2018.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Ayyukan siyasa === Ayyukan siyasa na Johnson ya fara ne a shekarar 2014, lokacin da ya yi takara a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ogun amma ya fadi. Ya sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 2019, kuma an zabe shi memba na majalisar dokokin jihar Ogun wanda ke wakiltar mazabar jihar Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Amarachi |date=2024-03-06 |title=Senate Confirms Tinubu's Nominees, Raheem, Abayomi As NPC Commissioner |url=https://www.tori.ng/news/263759/senate-confirms-tinubus-nominees-raheem-abayomi-as.html |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Tori.ng |language=English}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinsa, ya mayar da hankali kan ci gaban ababen more rayuwa da kuma shiga cikin al'umma, mazabar da kuma kananan hukumomi.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=OgunToday |date=2022-04-21 |title=2023: Ijebu North-East APC stakeholders endorse Ogun lawmaker, Fasuwa for second term |url=https://oguntoday.com/2023-ijebu-north-east-apc-stakeholders-endorse-ogun-lawmaker-fasuwa-for-second-term/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Oguntoday Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-19 |title=Otunba Faj: President Tinubu Paves Way for Effective Governance - News Reporters |url=https://newsreporters.com.ng/2024/02/19/otunba-faj-president-tinubu-paves-way-for-effective-governance/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2024, an zabi Johnson a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] a karkashin gwamnatin [[Bola Tinubu|Shugaba Bola Tinubu]] . Ayyukansa a cikin wannan rawar sun haɗa da kula da Ayyukan ƙididdigar ƙasa da tsara yawan jama'a, kuma ya yi aiki don inganta tattara bayanai don manufofin yawan jama'ar ƙasa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEditorial_012024">Editorial 01, Premier (2024-03-06). [https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ "JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS"]. ''The Premier News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ([[:Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> === Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa === A cikin 2024, an nada Johnson a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]], wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da kula da ayyukan ƙidaya, tsara yawan jama'a, da kuma kula da bayanan jama'a ga al'ummar. A matsayin wani ɓangare na NPC, yana aiki don tabbatar da cewa an tattara bayanan yawan jama'ar Najeriya daidai, an bincika su, kuma an yi amfani da su don manufofi ci gaban ƙasa, musamman a fannoni kamar [[Kula da lafiya|kiwon lafiya]], ilimi, da tsara ababen more rayuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}} [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Fasuwa Johnson ta yi aure, tana da 'ya'ya uku.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Takardun sarauta da girmamawa == Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga hidimar jama'a da al'ummarsa, Johnson yana da taken Otunba Apesin na Ilugun-South Ijebu da Apesin na Igbeba Land. Taken ''Otunba'' girmamawa ce ta gargajiya a [[Najeriya]], yawanci ana ba da ita ga mutanen da suka ba da gudummawa ga al'ummominsu, sau da yawa a cikin jagoranci, taimakon jama'a, ko sabis.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |date=2017-07-03 |title=Meet AWUJALE's 50 Otunbas & High Chiefs+ Why Oba SIKIRU ADETONA Likes Them |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/meet-awujales-50-otunbas-high-chiefs-oba-sikiru-adetona-likes/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] sg0lofjvd2oc0l5l0kh4jagmq05r18l 550085 550056 2024-12-02T06:35:45Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550085 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson,''' wanda aka fi sani da FAJ, [[ɗan siyasa]] [[Najeriya]] ne, Ma'aikacin gwamnati, Kwalejin kimiyya kuma ɗan kasuwa, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) ta Najeriya . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson a [[Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas|Ododeyo, Ijebu Arewa maso Gabas]], [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun, Najeriya]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Michael, Ododeyo don karatun firamare, sannan ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Deyo Tuwo don karatun sakandare. Johnson ya ci gaba da karatunsa mafi girma a [[Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo|Jami'ar Jihar Ogun (yanzu Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo, Ago Iwoye)]] , inda ya kammala karatu tare da digiri a fannin Geography da Regional Planning a shekarar 1998. A shekara ta 2004, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ya ci gaba da karatunsa kuma a shekarar 2012 ya sami Jagora na Gudanar da Kasuwanci (MBA) daga [[Jami'ar Takanolaji na Ladoke Akintola|Jami'ar Ladoke Akintola]], ƙwararre a cikin talla. A cikin 2020, Johnson ya fara digirinsa na PhD a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar Ilimi ta Tai Solarin, yana mai da hankali kan [[Canjin yanayi]] da Gudanar da Kogin Kogin . <ref>{{Cite web |last=hamzat |date=2018-08-30 |title="I'm In Politics To Spread Joy" ...Ogun Assembly Hopeful, FAJ |url=https://globalexcellenceonline.com/im-in-politics-to-spread-joy-ogun-assembly-hopeful-faj/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=Global Excellence Online |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya kammala a 2024. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan kamfanoni === Johnson ya fara sana'arsa a cikin Ayyukan kamfanoni, yana aiki a cikin shawarwari, kayan masarufi masu saurin motsi (FMCG), da kayan lantarki.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya fara aikinsa a [[Akintola Williams Deloitte]] a shekara ta 2003, wani kamfani mai ba da shawara, kafin ya koma [[Kamfanin Kwalabe na Najeriya|Kamfanin Bottling na Najeriya]], inda ya ba da gudummawa ga tallace-tallace da tallace-tafiyen kayayyakin [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]]. Daga baya, ya shiga FrieslandCampina, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kamfanin Peak da madara. Ya kuma taka rawa a matsayin Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kasa na Royal Philips Netherlands, matsayin da ya rike daga 2013 zuwa 2018.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Ayyukan siyasa === Ayyukan siyasa na Johnson ya fara ne a shekarar 2014, lokacin da ya yi takara a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ogun amma ya fadi. Ya sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 2019, kuma an zabe shi memba na majalisar dokokin jihar Ogun wanda ke wakiltar mazabar jihar Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Amarachi |date=2024-03-06 |title=Senate Confirms Tinubu's Nominees, Raheem, Abayomi As NPC Commissioner |url=https://www.tori.ng/news/263759/senate-confirms-tinubus-nominees-raheem-abayomi-as.html |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Tori.ng |language=English}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinsa, ya mayar da hankali kan ci gaban ababen more rayuwa da kuma shiga cikin al'umma, mazabar da kuma kananan hukumomi.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=OgunToday |date=2022-04-21 |title=2023: Ijebu North-East APC stakeholders endorse Ogun lawmaker, Fasuwa for second term |url=https://oguntoday.com/2023-ijebu-north-east-apc-stakeholders-endorse-ogun-lawmaker-fasuwa-for-second-term/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Oguntoday Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-19 |title=Otunba Faj: President Tinubu Paves Way for Effective Governance - News Reporters |url=https://newsreporters.com.ng/2024/02/19/otunba-faj-president-tinubu-paves-way-for-effective-governance/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2024, an zabi Johnson a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] a karkashin gwamnatin [[Bola Tinubu|Shugaba Bola Tinubu]] . Ayyukansa a cikin wannan rawar sun haɗa da kula da Ayyukan ƙididdigar ƙasa da tsara yawan jama'a, kuma ya yi aiki don inganta tattara bayanai don manufofin yawan jama'ar ƙasa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEditorial_012024">Editorial 01, Premier (2024-03-06). [https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ "JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS"]. ''The Premier News''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="true"><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Samfuri:Cite web|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ([[:Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list|link]])</span> [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> === Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa === A cikin 2024, an nada Johnson a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]], wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da kula da ayyukan ƙidaya, tsara yawan jama'a, da kuma kula da bayanan jama'a ga al'ummar. A matsayin wani ɓangare na NPC, yana aiki don tabbatar da cewa an tattara bayanan yawan jama'ar Najeriya daidai, an bincika su, kuma an yi amfani da su don manufofi ci gaban ƙasa, musamman a fannoni kamar [[Kula da lafiya|kiwon lafiya]], ilimi, da tsara ababen more rayuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}} [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Fasuwa Johnson ta yi aure, tana da 'ya'ya uku.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Takardun sarauta da girmamawa == Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga hidimar jama'a da al'ummarsa, Johnson yana da taken Otunba Apesin na Ilugun-South Ijebu da Apesin na Igbeba Land. Taken ''Otunba'' girmamawa ce ta gargajiya a [[Najeriya]], yawanci ana ba da ita ga mutanen da suka ba da gudummawa ga al'ummominsu, sau da yawa a cikin jagoranci, taimakon jama'a, ko sabis.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |date=2017-07-03 |title=Meet AWUJALE's 50 Otunbas & High Chiefs+ Why Oba SIKIRU ADETONA Likes Them |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/meet-awujales-50-otunbas-high-chiefs-oba-sikiru-adetona-likes/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7r9avz3kxoze1dt78hkwrrslukdkv65 550087 550085 2024-12-02T06:36:33Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Ayyukan siyasa */ 550087 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson,''' wanda aka fi sani da FAJ, [[ɗan siyasa]] [[Najeriya]] ne, Ma'aikacin gwamnati, Kwalejin kimiyya kuma ɗan kasuwa, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) ta Najeriya . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson a [[Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas|Ododeyo, Ijebu Arewa maso Gabas]], [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun, Najeriya]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Michael, Ododeyo don karatun firamare, sannan ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Deyo Tuwo don karatun sakandare. Johnson ya ci gaba da karatunsa mafi girma a [[Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo|Jami'ar Jihar Ogun (yanzu Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo, Ago Iwoye)]] , inda ya kammala karatu tare da digiri a fannin Geography da Regional Planning a shekarar 1998. A shekara ta 2004, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ya ci gaba da karatunsa kuma a shekarar 2012 ya sami Jagora na Gudanar da Kasuwanci (MBA) daga [[Jami'ar Takanolaji na Ladoke Akintola|Jami'ar Ladoke Akintola]], ƙwararre a cikin talla. A cikin 2020, Johnson ya fara digirinsa na PhD a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar Ilimi ta Tai Solarin, yana mai da hankali kan [[Canjin yanayi]] da Gudanar da Kogin Kogin . <ref>{{Cite web |last=hamzat |date=2018-08-30 |title="I'm In Politics To Spread Joy" ...Ogun Assembly Hopeful, FAJ |url=https://globalexcellenceonline.com/im-in-politics-to-spread-joy-ogun-assembly-hopeful-faj/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=Global Excellence Online |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya kammala a 2024. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan kamfanoni === Johnson ya fara sana'arsa a cikin Ayyukan kamfanoni, yana aiki a cikin shawarwari, kayan masarufi masu saurin motsi (FMCG), da kayan lantarki.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya fara aikinsa a [[Akintola Williams Deloitte]] a shekara ta 2003, wani kamfani mai ba da shawara, kafin ya koma [[Kamfanin Kwalabe na Najeriya|Kamfanin Bottling na Najeriya]], inda ya ba da gudummawa ga tallace-tallace da tallace-tafiyen kayayyakin [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]]. Daga baya, ya shiga FrieslandCampina, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kamfanin Peak da madara. Ya kuma taka rawa a matsayin Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kasa na Royal Philips Netherlands, matsayin da ya rike daga 2013 zuwa 2018.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Ayyukan siyasa === Ayyukan siyasa na Johnson ya fara ne a shekarar 2014, lokacin da ya yi takara a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ogun amma ya fadi. Ya sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 2019, kuma an zabe shi memba na majalisar dokokin jihar Ogun wanda ke wakiltar mazabar jihar Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Amarachi |date=2024-03-06 |title=Senate Confirms Tinubu's Nominees, Raheem, Abayomi As NPC Commissioner |url=https://www.tori.ng/news/263759/senate-confirms-tinubus-nominees-raheem-abayomi-as.html |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Tori.ng |language=English}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinsa, ya mayar da hankali kan ci gaban ababen more rayuwa da kuma shiga cikin al'umma, mazabar da kuma kananan hukumomi.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=OgunToday |date=2022-04-21 |title=2023: Ijebu North-East APC stakeholders endorse Ogun lawmaker, Fasuwa for second term |url=https://oguntoday.com/2023-ijebu-north-east-apc-stakeholders-endorse-ogun-lawmaker-fasuwa-for-second-term/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Oguntoday Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-19 |title=Otunba Faj: President Tinubu Paves Way for Effective Governance - News Reporters |url=https://newsreporters.com.ng/2024/02/19/otunba-faj-president-tinubu-paves-way-for-effective-governance/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2024, an zabi Johnson a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] a karkashin gwamnatin [[Bola Tinubu|Shugaba Bola Tinubu]] . Ayyukansa a cikin wannan rawar sun haɗa da kula da Ayyukan ƙididdigar ƙasa da tsara yawan jama'a, kuma ya yi aiki don inganta tattara bayanai don manufofin yawan jama'ar ƙasa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> === Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa === A cikin 2024, an nada Johnson a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]], wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da kula da ayyukan ƙidaya, tsara yawan jama'a, da kuma kula da bayanan jama'a ga al'ummar. A matsayin wani ɓangare na NPC, yana aiki don tabbatar da cewa an tattara bayanan yawan jama'ar Najeriya daidai, an bincika su, kuma an yi amfani da su don manufofi ci gaban ƙasa, musamman a fannoni kamar [[Kula da lafiya|kiwon lafiya]], ilimi, da tsara ababen more rayuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}} [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Fasuwa Johnson ta yi aure, tana da 'ya'ya uku.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Takardun sarauta da girmamawa == Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga hidimar jama'a da al'ummarsa, Johnson yana da taken Otunba Apesin na Ilugun-South Ijebu da Apesin na Igbeba Land. Taken ''Otunba'' girmamawa ce ta gargajiya a [[Najeriya]], yawanci ana ba da ita ga mutanen da suka ba da gudummawa ga al'ummominsu, sau da yawa a cikin jagoranci, taimakon jama'a, ko sabis.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |date=2017-07-03 |title=Meet AWUJALE's 50 Otunbas & High Chiefs+ Why Oba SIKIRU ADETONA Likes Them |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/meet-awujales-50-otunbas-high-chiefs-oba-sikiru-adetona-likes/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qn9321sfm1t7q5jfuheyxa6rww4pw0c 550089 550087 2024-12-02T06:37:16Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Rayuwa ta mutum */ 550089 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson,''' wanda aka fi sani da FAJ, [[ɗan siyasa]] [[Najeriya]] ne, Ma'aikacin gwamnati, Kwalejin kimiyya kuma ɗan kasuwa, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) ta Najeriya . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson a [[Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas|Ododeyo, Ijebu Arewa maso Gabas]], [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun, Najeriya]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Michael, Ododeyo don karatun firamare, sannan ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Deyo Tuwo don karatun sakandare. Johnson ya ci gaba da karatunsa mafi girma a [[Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo|Jami'ar Jihar Ogun (yanzu Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo, Ago Iwoye)]] , inda ya kammala karatu tare da digiri a fannin Geography da Regional Planning a shekarar 1998. A shekara ta 2004, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ya ci gaba da karatunsa kuma a shekarar 2012 ya sami Jagora na Gudanar da Kasuwanci (MBA) daga [[Jami'ar Takanolaji na Ladoke Akintola|Jami'ar Ladoke Akintola]], ƙwararre a cikin talla. A cikin 2020, Johnson ya fara digirinsa na PhD a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar Ilimi ta Tai Solarin, yana mai da hankali kan [[Canjin yanayi]] da Gudanar da Kogin Kogin . <ref>{{Cite web |last=hamzat |date=2018-08-30 |title="I'm In Politics To Spread Joy" ...Ogun Assembly Hopeful, FAJ |url=https://globalexcellenceonline.com/im-in-politics-to-spread-joy-ogun-assembly-hopeful-faj/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=Global Excellence Online |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya kammala a 2024. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan kamfanoni === Johnson ya fara sana'arsa a cikin Ayyukan kamfanoni, yana aiki a cikin shawarwari, kayan masarufi masu saurin motsi (FMCG), da kayan lantarki.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya fara aikinsa a [[Akintola Williams Deloitte]] a shekara ta 2003, wani kamfani mai ba da shawara, kafin ya koma [[Kamfanin Kwalabe na Najeriya|Kamfanin Bottling na Najeriya]], inda ya ba da gudummawa ga tallace-tallace da tallace-tafiyen kayayyakin [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]]. Daga baya, ya shiga FrieslandCampina, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kamfanin Peak da madara. Ya kuma taka rawa a matsayin Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kasa na Royal Philips Netherlands, matsayin da ya rike daga 2013 zuwa 2018.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Ayyukan siyasa === Ayyukan siyasa na Johnson ya fara ne a shekarar 2014, lokacin da ya yi takara a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ogun amma ya fadi. Ya sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 2019, kuma an zabe shi memba na majalisar dokokin jihar Ogun wanda ke wakiltar mazabar jihar Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Amarachi |date=2024-03-06 |title=Senate Confirms Tinubu's Nominees, Raheem, Abayomi As NPC Commissioner |url=https://www.tori.ng/news/263759/senate-confirms-tinubus-nominees-raheem-abayomi-as.html |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Tori.ng |language=English}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinsa, ya mayar da hankali kan ci gaban ababen more rayuwa da kuma shiga cikin al'umma, mazabar da kuma kananan hukumomi.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=OgunToday |date=2022-04-21 |title=2023: Ijebu North-East APC stakeholders endorse Ogun lawmaker, Fasuwa for second term |url=https://oguntoday.com/2023-ijebu-north-east-apc-stakeholders-endorse-ogun-lawmaker-fasuwa-for-second-term/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Oguntoday Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-19 |title=Otunba Faj: President Tinubu Paves Way for Effective Governance - News Reporters |url=https://newsreporters.com.ng/2024/02/19/otunba-faj-president-tinubu-paves-way-for-effective-governance/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2024, an zabi Johnson a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] a karkashin gwamnatin [[Bola Tinubu|Shugaba Bola Tinubu]] . Ayyukansa a cikin wannan rawar sun haɗa da kula da Ayyukan ƙididdigar ƙasa da tsara yawan jama'a, kuma ya yi aiki don inganta tattara bayanai don manufofin yawan jama'ar ƙasa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> === Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa === A cikin 2024, an nada Johnson a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]], wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da kula da ayyukan ƙidaya, tsara yawan jama'a, da kuma kula da bayanan jama'a ga al'ummar. A matsayin wani ɓangare na NPC, yana aiki don tabbatar da cewa an tattara bayanan yawan jama'ar Najeriya daidai, an bincika su, kuma an yi amfani da su don manufofi ci gaban ƙasa, musamman a fannoni kamar [[Kula da lafiya|kiwon lafiya]], ilimi, da tsara ababen more rayuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}} [[Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list]]</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Fasuwa Johnson ta yi aure, tana da 'ya'ya uku.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> == Takardun sarauta da girmamawa == Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga hidimar jama'a da al'ummarsa, Johnson yana da taken Otunba Apesin na Ilugun-South Ijebu da Apesin na Igbeba Land. Taken ''Otunba'' girmamawa ce ta gargajiya a [[Najeriya]], yawanci ana ba da ita ga mutanen da suka ba da gudummawa ga al'ummominsu, sau da yawa a cikin jagoranci, taimakon jama'a, ko sabis.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |date=2017-07-03 |title=Meet AWUJALE's 50 Otunbas & High Chiefs+ Why Oba SIKIRU ADETONA Likes Them |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/meet-awujales-50-otunbas-high-chiefs-oba-sikiru-adetona-likes/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ohwsvfuz5ufkqlpsi7xb13s4i1zm6qf 550090 550089 2024-12-02T06:37:59Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa */ 550090 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson,''' wanda aka fi sani da FAJ, [[ɗan siyasa]] [[Najeriya]] ne, Ma'aikacin gwamnati, Kwalejin kimiyya kuma ɗan kasuwa, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) ta Najeriya . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson a [[Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas|Ododeyo, Ijebu Arewa maso Gabas]], [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun, Najeriya]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Michael, Ododeyo don karatun firamare, sannan ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Deyo Tuwo don karatun sakandare. Johnson ya ci gaba da karatunsa mafi girma a [[Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo|Jami'ar Jihar Ogun (yanzu Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo, Ago Iwoye)]] , inda ya kammala karatu tare da digiri a fannin Geography da Regional Planning a shekarar 1998. A shekara ta 2004, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ya ci gaba da karatunsa kuma a shekarar 2012 ya sami Jagora na Gudanar da Kasuwanci (MBA) daga [[Jami'ar Takanolaji na Ladoke Akintola|Jami'ar Ladoke Akintola]], ƙwararre a cikin talla. A cikin 2020, Johnson ya fara digirinsa na PhD a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar Ilimi ta Tai Solarin, yana mai da hankali kan [[Canjin yanayi]] da Gudanar da Kogin Kogin . <ref>{{Cite web |last=hamzat |date=2018-08-30 |title="I'm In Politics To Spread Joy" ...Ogun Assembly Hopeful, FAJ |url=https://globalexcellenceonline.com/im-in-politics-to-spread-joy-ogun-assembly-hopeful-faj/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=Global Excellence Online |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya kammala a 2024. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan kamfanoni === Johnson ya fara sana'arsa a cikin Ayyukan kamfanoni, yana aiki a cikin shawarwari, kayan masarufi masu saurin motsi (FMCG), da kayan lantarki.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya fara aikinsa a [[Akintola Williams Deloitte]] a shekara ta 2003, wani kamfani mai ba da shawara, kafin ya koma [[Kamfanin Kwalabe na Najeriya|Kamfanin Bottling na Najeriya]], inda ya ba da gudummawa ga tallace-tallace da tallace-tafiyen kayayyakin [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]]. Daga baya, ya shiga FrieslandCampina, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kamfanin Peak da madara. Ya kuma taka rawa a matsayin Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kasa na Royal Philips Netherlands, matsayin da ya rike daga 2013 zuwa 2018.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFadmin2018">admin (2018-08-29). [https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ "WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson"]. ''SocietyReporters | Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!!''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Ayyukan siyasa === Ayyukan siyasa na Johnson ya fara ne a shekarar 2014, lokacin da ya yi takara a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ogun amma ya fadi. Ya sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 2019, kuma an zabe shi memba na majalisar dokokin jihar Ogun wanda ke wakiltar mazabar jihar Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Amarachi |date=2024-03-06 |title=Senate Confirms Tinubu's Nominees, Raheem, Abayomi As NPC Commissioner |url=https://www.tori.ng/news/263759/senate-confirms-tinubus-nominees-raheem-abayomi-as.html |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Tori.ng |language=English}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinsa, ya mayar da hankali kan ci gaban ababen more rayuwa da kuma shiga cikin al'umma, mazabar da kuma kananan hukumomi.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=OgunToday |date=2022-04-21 |title=2023: Ijebu North-East APC stakeholders endorse Ogun lawmaker, Fasuwa for second term |url=https://oguntoday.com/2023-ijebu-north-east-apc-stakeholders-endorse-ogun-lawmaker-fasuwa-for-second-term/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Oguntoday Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-19 |title=Otunba Faj: President Tinubu Paves Way for Effective Governance - News Reporters |url=https://newsreporters.com.ng/2024/02/19/otunba-faj-president-tinubu-paves-way-for-effective-governance/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2024, an zabi Johnson a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] a karkashin gwamnatin [[Bola Tinubu|Shugaba Bola Tinubu]] . Ayyukansa a cikin wannan rawar sun haɗa da kula da Ayyukan ƙididdigar ƙasa da tsara yawan jama'a, kuma ya yi aiki don inganta tattara bayanai don manufofin yawan jama'ar ƙasa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> === Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa === A cikin 2024, an nada Johnson a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]], wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da kula da ayyukan ƙidaya, tsara yawan jama'a, da kuma kula da bayanan jama'a ga al'ummar. A matsayin wani ɓangare na NPC, yana aiki don tabbatar da cewa an tattara bayanan yawan jama'ar Najeriya daidai, an bincika su, kuma an yi amfani da su don manufofi ci gaban ƙasa, musamman a fannoni kamar [[Kula da lafiya|kiwon lafiya]], ilimi, da tsara ababen more rayuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Fasuwa Johnson ta yi aure, tana da 'ya'ya uku.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> == Takardun sarauta da girmamawa == Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga hidimar jama'a da al'ummarsa, Johnson yana da taken Otunba Apesin na Ilugun-South Ijebu da Apesin na Igbeba Land. Taken ''Otunba'' girmamawa ce ta gargajiya a [[Najeriya]], yawanci ana ba da ita ga mutanen da suka ba da gudummawa ga al'ummominsu, sau da yawa a cikin jagoranci, taimakon jama'a, ko sabis.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |date=2017-07-03 |title=Meet AWUJALE's 50 Otunbas & High Chiefs+ Why Oba SIKIRU ADETONA Likes Them |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/meet-awujales-50-otunbas-high-chiefs-oba-sikiru-adetona-likes/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bubd4awrexj5ayiz21y19q7t9armfuo 550092 550090 2024-12-02T06:39:00Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Ayyuka */ 550092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson,''' wanda aka fi sani da FAJ, [[ɗan siyasa]] [[Najeriya]] ne, Ma'aikacin gwamnati, Kwalejin kimiyya kuma ɗan kasuwa, a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) ta Najeriya . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson a [[Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas|Ododeyo, Ijebu Arewa maso Gabas]], [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun, Najeriya]] . Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Michael, Ododeyo don karatun firamare, sannan ya koma makarantar sakandare ta Deyo Tuwo don karatun sakandare. Johnson ya ci gaba da karatunsa mafi girma a [[Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo|Jami'ar Jihar Ogun (yanzu Jami'ar Olabisi Onabanjo, Ago Iwoye)]] , inda ya kammala karatu tare da digiri a fannin Geography da Regional Planning a shekarar 1998. A shekara ta 2004, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin ilimin ƙasa daga [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] . Ya ci gaba da karatunsa kuma a shekarar 2012 ya sami Jagora na Gudanar da Kasuwanci (MBA) daga [[Jami'ar Takanolaji na Ladoke Akintola|Jami'ar Ladoke Akintola]], ƙwararre a cikin talla. A cikin 2020, Johnson ya fara digirinsa na PhD a fannin ilimin ƙasa a Jami'ar Ilimi ta Tai Solarin, yana mai da hankali kan [[Canjin yanayi]] da Gudanar da Kogin Kogin . <ref>{{Cite web |last=hamzat |date=2018-08-30 |title="I'm In Politics To Spread Joy" ...Ogun Assembly Hopeful, FAJ |url=https://globalexcellenceonline.com/im-in-politics-to-spread-joy-ogun-assembly-hopeful-faj/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=Global Excellence Online |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ya kammala a 2024. == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan kamfanoni === Johnson ya fara sana'arsa a cikin Ayyukan kamfanoni, yana aiki a cikin shawarwari, kayan masarufi masu saurin motsi (FMCG), da kayan lantarki.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya fara aikinsa a [[Akintola Williams Deloitte]] a shekara ta 2003, wani kamfani mai ba da shawara, kafin ya koma [[Kamfanin Kwalabe na Najeriya|Kamfanin Bottling na Najeriya]], inda ya ba da gudummawa ga tallace-tallace da tallace-tafiyen kayayyakin [[Coca-cola|Coca-Cola]]. Daga baya, ya shiga FrieslandCampina, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kamfanin Peak da madara. Ya kuma taka rawa a matsayin Manajan Tallace-tallace na Kasa na Royal Philips Netherlands, matsayin da ya rike daga 2013 zuwa 2018.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> === Ayyukan siyasa === Ayyukan siyasa na Johnson ya fara ne a shekarar 2014, lokacin da ya yi takara a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Ogun amma ya fadi. Ya sake tsayawa takara a shekarar 2019, kuma an zabe shi memba na majalisar dokokin jihar Ogun wanda ke wakiltar mazabar jihar Ijebu ta Arewa maso Gabas. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Amarachi |date=2024-03-06 |title=Senate Confirms Tinubu's Nominees, Raheem, Abayomi As NPC Commissioner |url=https://www.tori.ng/news/263759/senate-confirms-tinubus-nominees-raheem-abayomi-as.html |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Tori.ng |language=English}}</ref> A lokacin mulkinsa, ya mayar da hankali kan ci gaban ababen more rayuwa da kuma shiga cikin al'umma, mazabar da kuma kananan hukumomi.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=OgunToday |date=2022-04-21 |title=2023: Ijebu North-East APC stakeholders endorse Ogun lawmaker, Fasuwa for second term |url=https://oguntoday.com/2023-ijebu-north-east-apc-stakeholders-endorse-ogun-lawmaker-fasuwa-for-second-term/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Oguntoday Newspaper |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-19 |title=Otunba Faj: President Tinubu Paves Way for Effective Governance - News Reporters |url=https://newsreporters.com.ng/2024/02/19/otunba-faj-president-tinubu-paves-way-for-effective-governance/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |language=en-US}}</ref> A cikin 2024, an zabi Johnson a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]] a karkashin gwamnatin [[Bola Tinubu|Shugaba Bola Tinubu]] . Ayyukansa a cikin wannan rawar sun haɗa da kula da Ayyukan ƙididdigar ƙasa da tsara yawan jama'a, kuma ya yi aiki don inganta tattara bayanai don manufofin yawan jama'ar ƙasa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> === Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa === A cikin 2024, an nada Johnson a cikin Hukumar Jama'a ta Kasa (NPC) a matsayin Kwamishinan [[Babban Birnin Tarayya, Najeriya|Tarayya]], wanda ke wakiltar [[Ogun|Jihar Ogun]]. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da kula da ayyukan ƙidaya, tsara yawan jama'a, da kuma kula da bayanan jama'a ga al'ummar. A matsayin wani ɓangare na NPC, yana aiki don tabbatar da cewa an tattara bayanan yawan jama'ar Najeriya daidai, an bincika su, kuma an yi amfani da su don manufofi ci gaban ƙasa, musamman a fannoni kamar [[Kula da lafiya|kiwon lafiya]], ilimi, da tsara ababen more rayuwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Editorial 01 |first=Premier |date=2024-03-06 |title=JUST IN: THE SENATE CONFIRMS RAHEEM AND ABAYOMI, TINUBU'S NOMINEES, AS NPC COMMISSIONERS. |url=https://thepremiernews.com/just-in-the-senate-confirms-raheem-and-abayomi-tinubus-nominees-as-npc-commissioners/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=The Premier News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == Fasuwa Johnson ta yi aure, tana da 'ya'ya uku.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=admin |date=2018-08-29 |title=WHY I AM LEAVING MY BUSINESS FOR POLITICS – Fasuwa Abayomi Johnson |url=https://www.societyreporters.com/why-i-am-leaving-my-business-for-politics-fasuwa-abayomi-johnson/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=SocietyReporters {{!}} Welcome to SocietyReporters.com ...News as it happens!!! |language=en-US}}</ref> == Takardun sarauta da girmamawa == Don nuna godiya ga gudummawar da ya bayar ga hidimar jama'a da al'ummarsa, Johnson yana da taken Otunba Apesin na Ilugun-South Ijebu da Apesin na Igbeba Land. Taken ''Otunba'' girmamawa ce ta gargajiya a [[Najeriya]], yawanci ana ba da ita ga mutanen da suka ba da gudummawa ga al'ummominsu, sau da yawa a cikin jagoranci, taimakon jama'a, ko sabis.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |date=2017-07-03 |title=Meet AWUJALE's 50 Otunbas & High Chiefs+ Why Oba SIKIRU ADETONA Likes Them |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/meet-awujales-50-otunbas-high-chiefs-oba-sikiru-adetona-likes/ |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ghmreggs9p4qbbkgtmc3ecxl1sacirv 0 88407 550081 2024-12-02T06:33:11Z Pharouqenr 25549 Pharouqenr moved page [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Lagos]] to [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Lagas]] 550081 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Jerin Sunayen Gwamnonin jihar Lagas]] fdzgvp80shf9r67cdspuvrtkx8b803k 0 88408 550105 2024-12-02T07:40:23Z Gwanki 3834 Gwanki moved page [[Jerin sunayen gwanonin jihar nasarawa]] to [[Jerin Gwamnonin Jihar Nasarawa]] 550105 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Jerin Gwamnonin Jihar Nasarawa]] qsj8futi8fw9krl7ly6rljkt2k5i1yq 0 88409 550109 2024-12-02T07:58:56Z BnHamid 12586 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1225435903|Taiwo Adebulu]]" 550109 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taiwo Adebulu''' ɗan Najeriya kuma ɗan jarida ne a ɓangaren binciken daga jaridar ''[[TheCable]]'' . == Rayuwar farko, ilimi da Aiki == Adebulu ya yi karatunsa a Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo, inda ya samu digirin farko a fannin Harshe. Sannan ya wuce [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] inda ya kammala digirinsa na biyu a fannin fasahar sadarwa. <ref name="Report">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu |url=https://reportfortheworld.org/members/taiwo-adebulu/ |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Report for the World]]}}</ref> <ref name="Pulitzer">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu {{!}} GRANTEE |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Pulitzer Center]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2014, Adebulu ya fara aiki a matsayin marubuci mai zaman kansa ga jaridar ''[[The Nation (Najeriya)|The Nation]]''. Hakanan yana aiki fasali kuma editan bincike a jaridar ''[[TheCable]]'' . <ref name="Report">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu |url=https://reportfortheworld.org/members/taiwo-adebulu/ |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Report for the World]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://reportfortheworld.org/members/taiwo-adebulu/ "Taiwo Adebulu"]. ''[[Report for the World]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Pulitzer">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu {{!}} GRANTEE |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Pulitzer Center]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu "Taiwo Adebulu | GRANTEE"]. ''[[Pulitzer Center]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Cable">{{Cite web |last=Cable |first=The |date=31 December 2021 |title=Taiwo Adebulu named TheCable Journalist of the Year |url=https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-named-thecable-journalist-of-the-year/ |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=TheCable}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == A shekarar 2018, an zaɓi Adebulu cikin wadanda ka iya lashe lambar yabo ta Future Awards Africa Prize for Journalism. Ya kuma lashe lambar yabo ta Binciken kwa-kwaf ta Afirka, lambar yabo ta PwC 's Media Excellence Award a shekarar 2020 kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta ''TheCable'' s gwarzan shekara a shekarar 2021. <ref name="Claire">{{Cite web |last=Mom |first=Claire |date=12 December 2023 |title=Taiwo Adebulu, TheCable investigations editor, shortlisted for global journalism award |url=https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-thecable-investigations-editor-shortlisted-for-global-journalism-award/ |access-date=15 December 2023 |website=TheCable}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adediran |first=Ifeoluwa |date=23 October 2020 |title=Nigerian Journalist Wins Africa Fact-Check Award |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/422661-nigerian-journalist-wins-africa-fact-check-award.html |access-date=20 December 2023 |website=[[Premium Times]] |publisher=Premium Times Limited}}</ref> A shekarar 2023, ya samu lambar yabo ta [[Fetisov Journalism Awards]] saboda wani rahotonsa game da ɗalibai <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abatta |first=Abimbola |date=12 December 2023 |title=TheCable's Taiwo Adebulu Only Nigerian on This Year's Fetisov Award Shortlist |url=https://fij.ng/article/thecables-taiwo-adebulu-only-nigerian-on-this-years-fetisov-award-shortlist/ |access-date=20 December 2023 |website=[[Foundation for Investigative Journalism]]}}</ref> daga Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke Birnin-Yauri, Jihar Kebbi <ref name="Claire">{{Cite web |last=Mom |first=Claire |date=12 December 2023 |title=Taiwo Adebulu, TheCable investigations editor, shortlisted for global journalism award |url=https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-thecable-investigations-editor-shortlisted-for-global-journalism-award/ |access-date=15 December 2023 |website=TheCable}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMom2023">Mom, Claire (12 December 2023). [https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-thecable-investigations-editor-shortlisted-for-global-journalism-award/ "Taiwo Adebulu, TheCable investigations editor, shortlisted for global journalism award"]. ''TheCable''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Gidauniyar Jarida ta Kasa (NPF). <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 October 2023 |title=NPF Selects 25 Journalists for 2023 Covering Rare Diseases Fellowship |url=https://nationalpress.org/newsfeed/npf-selects-25-journalists-for-2023-covering-rare-diseases-fellowship/ |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[National Press Foundation]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Osemobor |first=Blessing |date=16 October 2023 |title=Nigerian Journalist, 24 global fellows for Rare Diseases Fellowship 2023 |url=https://mediacareerng.org/2023/10/16/nigerian-journalist-24-global-fellows-for-rare-diseases-fellowship-2023/ |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=Media Career}}</ref> Adebulu mai baiwa Cibiyar Pulitzer ce. <ref name="Pulitzer">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu {{!}} GRANTEE |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Pulitzer Center]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu "Taiwo Adebulu | GRANTEE"]. ''[[Pulitzer Center]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] deklcdhzygvu9jyc610vqjmg163n4dp 550110 550109 2024-12-02T07:59:26Z BnHamid 12586 550110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Taiwo Adebulu''' ɗan Najeriya kuma ɗan jarida ne a ɓangaren binciken daga jaridar ''[[TheCable]]''. == Rayuwar farko, ilimi da Aiki == Adebulu ya yi karatunsa a Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo, inda ya samu digirin farko a fannin Harshe. Sannan ya wuce [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] inda ya kammala digirinsa na biyu a fannin fasahar sadarwa. <ref name="Report">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu |url=https://reportfortheworld.org/members/taiwo-adebulu/ |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Report for the World]]}}</ref> <ref name="Pulitzer">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu {{!}} GRANTEE |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Pulitzer Center]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2014, Adebulu ya fara aiki a matsayin marubuci mai zaman kansa ga jaridar ''[[The Nation (Najeriya)|The Nation]]''. Hakanan yana aiki fasali kuma editan bincike a jaridar ''[[TheCable]]'' . <ref name="Report">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu |url=https://reportfortheworld.org/members/taiwo-adebulu/ |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Report for the World]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://reportfortheworld.org/members/taiwo-adebulu/ "Taiwo Adebulu"]. ''[[Report for the World]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Pulitzer">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu {{!}} GRANTEE |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Pulitzer Center]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu "Taiwo Adebulu | GRANTEE"]. ''[[Pulitzer Center]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Cable">{{Cite web |last=Cable |first=The |date=31 December 2021 |title=Taiwo Adebulu named TheCable Journalist of the Year |url=https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-named-thecable-journalist-of-the-year/ |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=TheCable}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == A shekarar 2018, an zaɓi Adebulu cikin wadanda ka iya lashe lambar yabo ta Future Awards Africa Prize for Journalism. Ya kuma lashe lambar yabo ta Binciken kwa-kwaf ta Afirka, lambar yabo ta PwC 's Media Excellence Award a shekarar 2020 kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta ''TheCable'' s gwarzan shekara a shekarar 2021. <ref name="Claire">{{Cite web |last=Mom |first=Claire |date=12 December 2023 |title=Taiwo Adebulu, TheCable investigations editor, shortlisted for global journalism award |url=https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-thecable-investigations-editor-shortlisted-for-global-journalism-award/ |access-date=15 December 2023 |website=TheCable}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adediran |first=Ifeoluwa |date=23 October 2020 |title=Nigerian Journalist Wins Africa Fact-Check Award |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/422661-nigerian-journalist-wins-africa-fact-check-award.html |access-date=20 December 2023 |website=[[Premium Times]] |publisher=Premium Times Limited}}</ref> A shekarar 2023, ya samu lambar yabo ta [[Fetisov Journalism Awards]] saboda wani rahotonsa game da ɗalibai <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abatta |first=Abimbola |date=12 December 2023 |title=TheCable's Taiwo Adebulu Only Nigerian on This Year's Fetisov Award Shortlist |url=https://fij.ng/article/thecables-taiwo-adebulu-only-nigerian-on-this-years-fetisov-award-shortlist/ |access-date=20 December 2023 |website=[[Foundation for Investigative Journalism]]}}</ref> daga Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke Birnin-Yauri, Jihar Kebbi <ref name="Claire">{{Cite web |last=Mom |first=Claire |date=12 December 2023 |title=Taiwo Adebulu, TheCable investigations editor, shortlisted for global journalism award |url=https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-thecable-investigations-editor-shortlisted-for-global-journalism-award/ |access-date=15 December 2023 |website=TheCable}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMom2023">Mom, Claire (12 December 2023). [https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-thecable-investigations-editor-shortlisted-for-global-journalism-award/ "Taiwo Adebulu, TheCable investigations editor, shortlisted for global journalism award"]. ''TheCable''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Gidauniyar Jarida ta Kasa (NPF). <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 October 2023 |title=NPF Selects 25 Journalists for 2023 Covering Rare Diseases Fellowship |url=https://nationalpress.org/newsfeed/npf-selects-25-journalists-for-2023-covering-rare-diseases-fellowship/ |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[National Press Foundation]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Osemobor |first=Blessing |date=16 October 2023 |title=Nigerian Journalist, 24 global fellows for Rare Diseases Fellowship 2023 |url=https://mediacareerng.org/2023/10/16/nigerian-journalist-24-global-fellows-for-rare-diseases-fellowship-2023/ |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=Media Career}}</ref> Adebulu mai baiwa Cibiyar Pulitzer ce. <ref name="Pulitzer">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu {{!}} GRANTEE |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Pulitzer Center]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu "Taiwo Adebulu | GRANTEE"]. ''[[Pulitzer Center]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] b02mbsp3qw5cfni3l2yra4pl1ftyjfk 550112 550110 2024-12-02T08:02:44Z BnHamid 12586 /* Kyaututtuka da karramawa */ 550112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Taiwo Adebulu''' ɗan Najeriya kuma ɗan jarida ne a ɓangaren binciken daga jaridar ''[[TheCable]]''. == Rayuwar farko, ilimi da Aiki == Adebulu ya yi karatunsa a Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo, inda ya samu digirin farko a fannin Harshe. Sannan ya wuce [[Jami'ar Ibadan]] inda ya kammala digirinsa na biyu a fannin fasahar sadarwa. <ref name="Report">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu |url=https://reportfortheworld.org/members/taiwo-adebulu/ |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Report for the World]]}}</ref> <ref name="Pulitzer">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu {{!}} GRANTEE |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Pulitzer Center]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2014, Adebulu ya fara aiki a matsayin marubuci mai zaman kansa ga jaridar ''[[The Nation (Najeriya)|The Nation]]''. Hakanan yana aiki fasali kuma editan bincike a jaridar ''[[TheCable]]'' . <ref name="Report">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu |url=https://reportfortheworld.org/members/taiwo-adebulu/ |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Report for the World]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://reportfortheworld.org/members/taiwo-adebulu/ "Taiwo Adebulu"]. ''[[Report for the World]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Pulitzer">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu {{!}} GRANTEE |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Pulitzer Center]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu "Taiwo Adebulu | GRANTEE"]. ''[[Pulitzer Center]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="Cable">{{Cite web |last=Cable |first=The |date=31 December 2021 |title=Taiwo Adebulu named TheCable Journalist of the Year |url=https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-named-thecable-journalist-of-the-year/ |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=TheCable}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karramawa == A shekarar 2018, an zaɓi Adebulu cikin wadanda ka iya lashe lambar yabo ta Future Awards Africa Prize for Journalism. Ya kuma lashe lambar yabo ta Binciken kwa-kwaf ta Afirka, lambar yabo ta PwC 's Media Excellence Award a shekarar 2020 kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta ''TheCable'' s gwarzan shekara a shekarar 2021. <ref name="Claire">{{Cite web |last=Mom |first=Claire |date=12 December 2023 |title=Taiwo Adebulu, TheCable investigations editor, shortlisted for global journalism award |url=https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-thecable-investigations-editor-shortlisted-for-global-journalism-award/ |access-date=15 December 2023 |website=TheCable}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adediran |first=Ifeoluwa |date=23 October 2020 |title=Nigerian Journalist Wins Africa Fact-Check Award |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/422661-nigerian-journalist-wins-africa-fact-check-award.html |access-date=20 December 2023 |website=[[Premium Times]] |publisher=Premium Times Limited}}</ref> A shekarar 2023, ya samu lambar yabo ta [[Fetisov Journalism Awards]] saboda wani rahotonsa game da ɗalibai <ref>{{Cite web |last=Abatta |first=Abimbola |date=12 December 2023 |title=TheCable's Taiwo Adebulu Only Nigerian on This Year's Fetisov Award Shortlist |url=https://fij.ng/article/thecables-taiwo-adebulu-only-nigerian-on-this-years-fetisov-award-shortlist/ |access-date=20 December 2023 |website=[[Foundation for Investigative Journalism]]}}</ref> daga Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya da ke Birnin-Yauri, Jihar Kebbi <ref name="Claire">{{Cite web |last=Mom |first=Claire |date=12 December 2023 |title=Taiwo Adebulu, TheCable investigations editor, shortlisted for global journalism award |url=https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-thecable-investigations-editor-shortlisted-for-global-journalism-award/ |access-date=15 December 2023 |website=TheCable}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMom2023">Mom, Claire (12 December 2023). [https://www.thecable.ng/taiwo-adebulu-thecable-investigations-editor-shortlisted-for-global-journalism-award/ "Taiwo Adebulu, TheCable investigations editor, shortlisted for global journalism award"]. ''TheCable''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Gidauniyar Jarida ta Kasa (NPF). <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 October 2023 |title=NPF Selects 25 Journalists for 2023 Covering Rare Diseases Fellowship |url=https://nationalpress.org/newsfeed/npf-selects-25-journalists-for-2023-covering-rare-diseases-fellowship/ |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[National Press Foundation]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Osemobor |first=Blessing |date=16 October 2023 |title=Nigerian Journalist, 24 global fellows for Rare Diseases Fellowship 2023 |url=https://mediacareerng.org/2023/10/16/nigerian-journalist-24-global-fellows-for-rare-diseases-fellowship-2023/ |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=Media Career}}</ref> Adebulu ya samu tallafi daga Cibiyar Pulitzer. <ref name="Pulitzer">{{Cite web |title=Taiwo Adebulu {{!}} GRANTEE |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=[[Pulitzer Center]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://pulitzercenter.org/people/taiwo-adebulu "Taiwo Adebulu | GRANTEE"]. ''[[Pulitzer Center]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] r0tdoylhzphm9hvf7geanccrk73p1vw 0 88410 550111 2024-12-02T08:02:04Z Saifullahi AS 19028 kirkirar mukala 550111 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. c285iurumspf3j18uqx97ulmduax0re 550114 550111 2024-12-02T08:03:38Z Saifullahi AS 19028 Blanked the page 550114 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 550115 550114 2024-12-02T08:04:23Z Saifullahi AS 19028 saka bayanai 550115 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. o026pxb0feu2yqtkp8hdbu9jc1uao66 550116 550115 2024-12-02T08:04:59Z Saifullahi AS 19028 saka bayanai 550116 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Manazarta == dtygpeo0lxw8gwhzy33b2btflrz3qfd 550117 550116 2024-12-02T08:05:35Z Saifullahi AS 19028 saka bayanai 550117 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == == Manazarta == 77jgilol79msy0kiiwg3dkbhck1m8uc 550118 550117 2024-12-02T08:07:59Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukansa */ saka bayanai 550118 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. == Manazarta == 3kwimg6u3e057h9gxy9t2xtf8rlyyb0 550119 550118 2024-12-02T08:12:31Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka bayanai 550119 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. == Manazarta == e8vvsrxb927jbjyd1p4ard70yd0eata 550122 550119 2024-12-02T08:14:58Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka bayanai 550122 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu == Manazarta == d10rd95lx6xql7vtdexrlreyoh0gtcs 550124 550122 2024-12-02T08:17:44Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka bayanai 550124 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. == Manazarta == 6bzol19ucfv0niw0o96ygbr7jqwytor 550127 550124 2024-12-02T08:20:55Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka bayanai 550127 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2013, Watford ta tabbatar da cewa an saki Whichelow ta hanyar yarjejeiya da juna.<ref /> == Manazarta == k1kcqehqs1d7kd5jq3o9uhk7puv1ad4 550129 550127 2024-12-02T08:22:20Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka bayanai 550129 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2013, Watford ta tabbatar da cewa an saki Whichelow ta hanyar yarjejeiya da juna. Ya shafe 'yan watanni na karshe na horo na kakar 2012-13 tare da kungiyar Forest Green Rovers kuma a watan Yulin 2013 ya shafe lokaci a gwaji tare da Braintree Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Iron and Pompey in pre-season stalemate |url=http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/sport/headlines/10551926.Iron_and_Pompey_in_pre_season_stalemate/}}</ref> Ya koma kungiyar Boreham Wood a watan Agustan shekara ta 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Wood picks up Whichelow |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022022829/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |archive-date=22 October 2013 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> == Manazarta == gnv77g528uyyjj3cc4xdx6ugtz42nqs 550131 550129 2024-12-02T08:23:08Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka bayanai 550131 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2013, Watford ta tabbatar da cewa an saki Whichelow ta hanyar yarjejeiya da juna. Ya shafe 'yan watanni na karshe na horo na kakar 2012-13 tare da kungiyar Forest Green Rovers kuma a watan Yulin 2013 ya shafe lokaci a gwaji tare da Braintree Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Iron and Pompey in pre-season stalemate |url=http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/sport/headlines/10551926.Iron_and_Pompey_in_pre_season_stalemate/}}</ref> Ya koma kungiyar Boreham Wood a watan Agustan shekara ta 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Wood picks up Whichelow |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022022829/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |archive-date=22 October 2013 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> Ya fara buga masu wasa a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta 2013 a nasarar 2-0 a kan Tonbridge Angels . A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2015, Whichelow ya koma Chelmsford City kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni uku.<ref>{{cite news |date=16 October 2015 |title=Clarets Loan Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/news/clarets-loan-whichelow-1510686.html |accessdate=16 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a karon farko a Chelmsford City a cikin nasara 1-2 a Basingstoke Town.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 October 2015 |title=Debut Delight For Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/teams/62438/match-centre/1-1587900 |accessdate=18 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> == Manazarta == 7i9vew90sin10dentb75fwn5n5wjhoq 550132 550131 2024-12-02T08:23:41Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka bayanai 550132 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2013, Watford ta tabbatar da cewa an saki Whichelow ta hanyar yarjejeiya da juna. Ya shafe 'yan watanni na karshe na horo na kakar 2012-13 tare da kungiyar Forest Green Rovers kuma a watan Yulin 2013 ya shafe lokaci a gwaji tare da Braintree Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Iron and Pompey in pre-season stalemate |url=http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/sport/headlines/10551926.Iron_and_Pompey_in_pre_season_stalemate/}}</ref> Ya koma kungiyar Boreham Wood a watan Agustan shekara ta 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Wood picks up Whichelow |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022022829/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |archive-date=22 October 2013 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> Ya fara buga masu wasa a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta 2013 a nasarar 2-0 a kan Tonbridge Angels . A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2015, Whichelow ya koma Chelmsford City kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni uku.<ref>{{cite news |date=16 October 2015 |title=Clarets Loan Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/news/clarets-loan-whichelow-1510686.html |accessdate=16 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a karon farko a Chelmsford City a cikin nasara 1-2 a Basingstoke Town.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 October 2015 |title=Debut Delight For Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/teams/62438/match-centre/1-1587900 |accessdate=18 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2020, ya sanya hannu ga Kings Langley ., <ref name="KL">https://www.betvictorsouthern.co.uk/Player-Display/87713/2019/2020 {{Dead link|date=March 2022}}</ref> yana fitowa sau ɗaya kafin ya sake shiga a kakar 2023-24 bayan wani lokaci daga wasa. == Manazarta == 4rmwarr44dyyff9lv8b8hzev761agzu 550133 550132 2024-12-02T08:24:09Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka bayanai 550133 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2013, Watford ta tabbatar da cewa an saki Whichelow ta hanyar yarjejeiya da juna. Ya shafe 'yan watanni na karshe na horo na kakar 2012-13 tare da kungiyar Forest Green Rovers kuma a watan Yulin 2013 ya shafe lokaci a gwaji tare da Braintree Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Iron and Pompey in pre-season stalemate |url=http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/sport/headlines/10551926.Iron_and_Pompey_in_pre_season_stalemate/}}</ref> Ya koma kungiyar Boreham Wood a watan Agustan shekara ta 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Wood picks up Whichelow |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022022829/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |archive-date=22 October 2013 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> Ya fara buga masu wasa a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta 2013 a nasarar 2-0 a kan Tonbridge Angels . A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2015, Whichelow ya koma Chelmsford City kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni uku.<ref>{{cite news |date=16 October 2015 |title=Clarets Loan Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/news/clarets-loan-whichelow-1510686.html |accessdate=16 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a karon farko a Chelmsford City a cikin nasara 1-2 a Basingstoke Town.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 October 2015 |title=Debut Delight For Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/teams/62438/match-centre/1-1587900 |accessdate=18 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2020, ya sanya hannu ga Kings Langley ., <ref name="KL">https://www.betvictorsouthern.co.uk/Player-Display/87713/2019/2020 {{Dead link|date=March 2022}}</ref> yana fitowa sau ɗaya kafin ya sake shiga a kakar 2023-24 bayan wani lokaci daga wasa. Whichelow ya shiga Welwyn Garden City a kakar 2024-25.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2024 |title=Welwyn Garden City make transfer statement by landing former Watford man |url=https://www.whtimes.co.uk/sport/24469965.welwyn-garden-city-sign-ex-watford-midfielder-matt-whichelow/ |website=Welwyn Hatfield Times}}</ref> == Manazarta == 12ehr3eyq6lyic5jnfztvxck2bthc69 550136 550133 2024-12-02T08:25:45Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka bayanai 550136 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2013, Watford ta tabbatar da cewa an saki Whichelow ta hanyar yarjejeiya da juna. Ya shafe 'yan watanni na karshe na horo na kakar 2012-13 tare da kungiyar Forest Green Rovers kuma a watan Yulin 2013 ya shafe lokaci a gwaji tare da Braintree Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Iron and Pompey in pre-season stalemate |url=http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/sport/headlines/10551926.Iron_and_Pompey_in_pre_season_stalemate/}}</ref> Ya koma kungiyar Boreham Wood a watan Agustan shekara ta 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Wood picks up Whichelow |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022022829/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |archive-date=22 October 2013 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> Ya fara buga masu wasa a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta 2013 a nasarar 2-0 a kan Tonbridge Angels . A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2015, Whichelow ya koma Chelmsford City kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni uku.<ref>{{cite news |date=16 October 2015 |title=Clarets Loan Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/news/clarets-loan-whichelow-1510686.html |accessdate=16 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a karon farko a Chelmsford City a cikin nasara 1-2 a Basingstoke Town.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 October 2015 |title=Debut Delight For Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/teams/62438/match-centre/1-1587900 |accessdate=18 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2020, ya sanya hannu ga Kings Langley ., <ref name="KL">https://www.betvictorsouthern.co.uk/Player-Display/87713/2019/2020 {{Dead link|date=March 2022}}</ref> yana fitowa sau ɗaya kafin ya sake shiga a kakar 2023-24 bayan wani lokaci daga wasa. Whichelow ya shiga Welwyn Garden City a kakar 2024-25.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2024 |title=Welwyn Garden City make transfer statement by landing former Watford man |url=https://www.whtimes.co.uk/sport/24469965.welwyn-garden-city-sign-ex-watford-midfielder-matt-whichelow/ |website=Welwyn Hatfield Times}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == monstrrat su n kira Whichelow a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2019, <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2019 |title=Las novedades de Santa Lucía y Montserrat para enfrentar a la Selecta |url=https://www.elsalvador.com/deportes/selecciones/las-novedades-de-santa-lucia-y-montserrat-para-enfrentar-a-la-selecta/648165/2019/}}</ref> inda suka fara fafatawa da kungiyar domenica. == Manazarta == rjh3dzanddkvceh49tj08wvsz0w89o8 550138 550136 2024-12-02T08:26:22Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kulob dinsa */ saka sashe 550138 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2013, Watford ta tabbatar da cewa an saki Whichelow ta hanyar yarjejeiya da juna. Ya shafe 'yan watanni na karshe na horo na kakar 2012-13 tare da kungiyar Forest Green Rovers kuma a watan Yulin 2013 ya shafe lokaci a gwaji tare da Braintree Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Iron and Pompey in pre-season stalemate |url=http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/sport/headlines/10551926.Iron_and_Pompey_in_pre_season_stalemate/}}</ref> Ya koma kungiyar Boreham Wood a watan Agustan shekara ta 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Wood picks up Whichelow |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022022829/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |archive-date=22 October 2013 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> Ya fara buga masu wasa a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta 2013 a nasarar 2-0 a kan Tonbridge Angels . A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2015, Whichelow ya koma Chelmsford City kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni uku.<ref>{{cite news |date=16 October 2015 |title=Clarets Loan Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/news/clarets-loan-whichelow-1510686.html |accessdate=16 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a karon farko a Chelmsford City a cikin nasara 1-2 a Basingstoke Town.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 October 2015 |title=Debut Delight For Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/teams/62438/match-centre/1-1587900 |accessdate=18 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2020, ya sanya hannu ga Kings Langley ., <ref name="KL">https://www.betvictorsouthern.co.uk/Player-Display/87713/2019/2020 {{Dead link|date=March 2022}}</ref> yana fitowa sau ɗaya kafin ya sake shiga a kakar 2023-24 bayan wani lokaci daga wasa. Whichelow ya shiga Welwyn Garden City a kakar 2024-25.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2024 |title=Welwyn Garden City make transfer statement by landing former Watford man |url=https://www.whtimes.co.uk/sport/24469965.welwyn-garden-city-sign-ex-watford-midfielder-matt-whichelow/ |website=Welwyn Hatfield Times}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == monstrrat su n kira Whichelow a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2019, <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2019 |title=Las novedades de Santa Lucía y Montserrat para enfrentar a la Selecta |url=https://www.elsalvador.com/deportes/selecciones/las-novedades-de-santa-lucia-y-montserrat-para-enfrentar-a-la-selecta/648165/2019/}}</ref> inda suka fara fafatawa da kungiyar domenica. == Kididdigar aiki == == Manazarta == gehy15linft73yukju6n2061id10e2a 550142 550138 2024-12-02T08:27:51Z Saifullahi AS 19028 /* Ayyukan kasa da kasa */ saka bayanai 550142 wikitext text/x-wiki Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2013, Watford ta tabbatar da cewa an saki Whichelow ta hanyar yarjejeiya da juna. Ya shafe 'yan watanni na karshe na horo na kakar 2012-13 tare da kungiyar Forest Green Rovers kuma a watan Yulin 2013 ya shafe lokaci a gwaji tare da Braintree Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Iron and Pompey in pre-season stalemate |url=http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/sport/headlines/10551926.Iron_and_Pompey_in_pre_season_stalemate/}}</ref> Ya koma kungiyar Boreham Wood a watan Agustan shekara ta 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Wood picks up Whichelow |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022022829/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |archive-date=22 October 2013 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> Ya fara buga masu wasa a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta 2013 a nasarar 2-0 a kan Tonbridge Angels . A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2015, Whichelow ya koma Chelmsford City kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni uku.<ref>{{cite news |date=16 October 2015 |title=Clarets Loan Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/news/clarets-loan-whichelow-1510686.html |accessdate=16 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a karon farko a Chelmsford City a cikin nasara 1-2 a Basingstoke Town.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 October 2015 |title=Debut Delight For Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/teams/62438/match-centre/1-1587900 |accessdate=18 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2020, ya sanya hannu ga Kings Langley ., <ref name="KL">https://www.betvictorsouthern.co.uk/Player-Display/87713/2019/2020 {{Dead link|date=March 2022}}</ref> yana fitowa sau ɗaya kafin ya sake shiga a kakar 2023-24 bayan wani lokaci daga wasa. Whichelow ya shiga Welwyn Garden City a kakar 2024-25.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2024 |title=Welwyn Garden City make transfer statement by landing former Watford man |url=https://www.whtimes.co.uk/sport/24469965.welwyn-garden-city-sign-ex-watford-midfielder-matt-whichelow/ |website=Welwyn Hatfield Times}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == monstrrat su n kira Whichelow a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2019, <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2019 |title=Las novedades de Santa Lucía y Montserrat para enfrentar a la Selecta |url=https://www.elsalvador.com/deportes/selecciones/las-novedades-de-santa-lucia-y-montserrat-para-enfrentar-a-la-selecta/648165/2019/}}</ref> inda suka fara fafatawa da kungiyar domenica. == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" |+ ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |Watford |2010–11 |Championship |19 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |21 |3 |- |2011–12 |Championship |2 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !21 !3 !3 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !24 !3 |- |Exeter City (loan) |2011–12 |League One |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |3 |0 |- |Wycombe Wanderers (loan) |2011–12 |League One |4 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |1 |- |Accrington Stanley (loan) |2012–13 |League Two |4 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Boreham Wood |2013–14 |Conference South |30 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |31 |4 |- |2014–15 |Conference South |37 |8 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3 |0 |41 |8 |- |2015–16 |National League |9 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |9 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !76 !13 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !3 !0 !81 !13 |- |Chelmsford City (loan) |2015–16 |National League South |12 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |13 |4 |- |Oxford City (loan) |2015–16 |National League South |16 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |16 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Wealdstone |2016–17 | rowspan="2" |National League South |32 |3 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |35 |4 |- |2017–18 |27 |7 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |4 |1 |31 |8 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !59 !10 !1 !1 !0 !0 !6 !1 !66 !12 |- |Hampton & Richmond Borough |2018–19 |National League South |19 |3 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |19 |3 |- |Kings Langley |2019–20 |SFL Premier Division Central |1 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |1 |1 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !214 !39 !6 !1 !0 !0 !11 !1 !231 !41 |} == Manazarta == 1d8czks4nh0mdpjw403gnubut7i3w4m 550152 550142 2024-12-02T08:32:51Z Saifullahi AS 19028 saka bayanai 550152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Matthew Robert Whichelow (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Montserratian wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gefe na Welwyn garden. == Ayyukansa == === Ayyukan kulob dinsa === An haifi Whichelow a islington, [[Landan]]. Ya fara buga gasar zakarun Turai a Watford a kan scunthorpe united a ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2010. kuma ya sake dawowa lokaci kwallonsu da Derby County a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 2010, inda ya zira kwallaye na farko a cikin minti goma.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2010 |title=Future's bright for young Watford ace Whichelow |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101030233017/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/football/article-23891936-futures-bright-for-young-watford-ace-whichelow.do |archive-date=30 October 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2010 |newspaper=[[London Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 October 2010 |title=Derby v Watford |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/9132194.stm |accessdate=30 October 2010 |publisher=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya fito a Watford sau 17 a lokacin kakar 2010-11, wanda ya hada da kwallaye 2. Bayan ya rasa yawancin wasan da Watford sukayi, Whichelow ya koma Exeter City a kan aro a ranar 16 ga Satumba 2011 na wata daya don samun lafiyar wasan. Whichelow ya zo ga Watford a rabi na biyu da tottenham hotspur a gasar cin kofin FA a ranar 27 ga watan Janairu. An ba da aron Whichelow ga kulob din League Two accrington stanley a kan rancen wata daya a watan Satumbar 2012. An ba da rancensa zuwa wata na biyu da na uku, inda ya yi jimlar zama wata 4. Ya koma kulob din manya na Watford a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba. A ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2013, Watford ta tabbatar da cewa an saki Whichelow ta hanyar yarjejeiya da juna. Ya shafe 'yan watanni na karshe na horo na kakar 2012-13 tare da kungiyar Forest Green Rovers kuma a watan Yulin 2013 ya shafe lokaci a gwaji tare da Braintree Town . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Iron and Pompey in pre-season stalemate |url=http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/sport/headlines/10551926.Iron_and_Pompey_in_pre_season_stalemate/}}</ref> Ya koma kungiyar Boreham Wood a watan Agustan shekara ta 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Wood picks up Whichelow |url=http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022022829/http://www.nonleaguedaily.com/news/index.php?&newsmode=FULL&nid=95780 |archive-date=22 October 2013 |publisher=Non League Daily}}</ref> Ya fara buga masu wasa a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta 2013 a nasarar 2-0 a kan Tonbridge Angels . A ranar 16 ga Oktoba 2015, Whichelow ya koma Chelmsford City kan yarjejeniyar aro na watanni uku.<ref>{{cite news |date=16 October 2015 |title=Clarets Loan Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/news/clarets-loan-whichelow-1510686.html |accessdate=16 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> Whichelow ya zira kwallaye sau biyu a karon farko a Chelmsford City a cikin nasara 1-2 a Basingstoke Town.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 October 2015 |title=Debut Delight For Whichelow |url=http://www.chelmsfordcityfc.com/teams/62438/match-centre/1-1587900 |accessdate=18 October 2015 |publisher=[[Chelmsford City F.C.]]}}</ref> A ranar 7 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2020, ya sanya hannu ga Kings Langley ., <ref name="KL">https://www.betvictorsouthern.co.uk/Player-Display/87713/2019/2020 {{Dead link|date=March 2022}}</ref> yana fitowa sau ɗaya kafin ya sake shiga a kakar 2023-24 bayan wani lokaci daga wasa. Whichelow ya shiga Welwyn Garden City a kakar 2024-25.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2024 |title=Welwyn Garden City make transfer statement by landing former Watford man |url=https://www.whtimes.co.uk/sport/24469965.welwyn-garden-city-sign-ex-watford-midfielder-matt-whichelow/ |website=Welwyn Hatfield Times}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == monstrrat su n kira Whichelow a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2019, <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2019 |title=Las novedades de Santa Lucía y Montserrat para enfrentar a la Selecta |url=https://www.elsalvador.com/deportes/selecciones/las-novedades-de-santa-lucia-y-montserrat-para-enfrentar-a-la-selecta/648165/2019/}}</ref> inda suka fara fafatawa da kungiyar domenica. == Kididdigar aiki == {| class="wikitable" |+ ! rowspan="2" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season ! colspan="3" |League ! colspan="2" |FA Cup ! colspan="2" |League Cup ! colspan="2" |Other ! colspan="2" |Total |- !Division !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="3" |Watford |2010–11 |Championship |19 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |21 |3 |- |2011–12 |Championship |2 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !21 !3 !3 !0 !0 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !24 !3 |- |Exeter City (loan) |2011–12 |League One |2 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |3 |0 |- |Wycombe Wanderers (loan) |2011–12 |League One |4 |1 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |1 |- |Accrington Stanley (loan) |2012–13 |League Two |4 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |4 |0 |- | rowspan="4" |Boreham Wood |2013–14 |Conference South |30 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |31 |4 |- |2014–15 |Conference South |37 |8 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— |3 |0 |41 |8 |- |2015–16 |National League |9 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |9 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !76 !13 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |— !3 !0 !81 !13 |- |Chelmsford City (loan) |2015–16 |National League South |12 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |1 |0 |13 |4 |- |Oxford City (loan) |2015–16 |National League South |16 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |16 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Wealdstone |2016–17 | rowspan="2" |National League South |32 |3 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |— |2 |0 |35 |4 |- |2017–18 |27 |7 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |4 |1 |31 |8 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !59 !10 !1 !1 !0 !0 !6 !1 !66 !12 |- |Hampton & Richmond Borough |2018–19 |National League South |19 |3 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |19 |3 |- |Kings Langley |2019–20 |SFL Premier Division Central |1 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |— |0 |0 |1 |1 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !214 !39 !6 !1 !0 !0 !11 !1 !231 !41 |} == Manazarta == fdhb28y2aqmkyznzw85mdxw7ktssx1r 0 88411 550120 2024-12-02T08:13:03Z BnHamid 12586 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1219810558|Remi Adedeji]]" 550120 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Remi Aduke Adedeji''' (an haifeta a shekarar 1937) marubuciyar littafin Yara ce a Najeriya. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Adedeji a Okemesi a [[Ekiti|jihar Ekiti]] a shekarar 1937. Adedeji ta ji takaicin littattafan Yara da ba su nuna al'adun Afirka ba. Yawancin labaranta sun samo asali ne daga tatsuniyoyi na Najeriya. <ref name="Ohio" /> Ta rubuta gami da buga littafin ''The fat woman (Mata mai ƙiba)'' a shekarar 1973. Ta zama editan ga mujallar ilimi, ''Bookbird'' . Littattafanta akai-akai sun ƙunshi dabi'un kunkuru (dabba kunkuru). Littafinta na (Moonlight Storie)-"Labarun Hasken Wata" na 1986 ya ƙunshi labarai da dama da suka bayyana dalilin da yasa ungulu ke da gashi ko kuma dalilin da yasa ƙoƙon kunkuru ya bayyana. == Ayyuka == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1937]] mgyks7kg1sfq8xpl4q6n6pj454yddxe 550121 550120 2024-12-02T08:13:25Z BnHamid 12586 550121 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Remi Aduke Adedeji''' (an haifeta a shekarar 1937) marubuciyar littafin Yara ce a Najeriya. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Adedeji a Okemesi a [[Ekiti|jihar Ekiti]] a shekarar 1937. Adedeji ta ji takaicin littattafan Yara da ba su nuna al'adun Afirka ba. Yawancin labaranta sun samo asali ne daga tatsuniyoyi na Najeriya. <ref name="Ohio" /> Ta rubuta gami da buga littafin ''The fat woman (Mata mai ƙiba)'' a shekarar 1973. Ta zama editan ga mujallar ilimi, ''Bookbird'' . Littattafanta akai-akai sun ƙunshi dabi'un kunkuru (dabba kunkuru). Littafinta na (Moonlight Storie)-"Labarun Hasken Wata" na 1986 ya ƙunshi labarai da dama da suka bayyana dalilin da yasa ungulu ke da gashi ko kuma dalilin da yasa ƙoƙon kunkuru ya bayyana. == Ayyuka == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1937]] rrsyojuzhp8yjoyhyzczg2158ba181d 550126 550121 2024-12-02T08:19:28Z BnHamid 12586 Ingantawa 550126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Remi Aduke Adedeji''' (an haifeta a shekarar 1937) marubuciyar littafin Yara ce a Najeriya. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Adedeji a Okemesi a [[Ekiti|jihar Ekiti]] a shekarar 1937. Adedeji ta ji takaicin littattafan Yara da ba su nuna al'adun Afirka ba. Yawancin labaranta sun samo asali ne daga tatsuniyoyi na Najeriya. <ref name="Ohio" /> Ta rubuta gami da buga littafin ''The fat woman (Mata mai ƙiba)'' a shekarar 1973. Ta zama editan ga mujallar ilimi, ''Bookbird'' . Littattafanta akai-akai sun ƙunshi dabi'un kunkuru (dabba kunkuru). Littafinta na (Moonlight Storie)-"Labarun Hasken Wata" na 1986 ya ƙunshi labarai da dama da suka bayyana dalilin da yasa ungulu ke da gashi ko kuma dalilin da yasa ƙoƙon kunkuru ya bayyana. == Ayyuka == * ''Mace mai ƙiba (The fat woman)'', 1973. * ''Baba Ojo da Iyalansa (Papa Ojo and his family)'', 1973. * ''Likacin labarai (It is time for stories)'', 1973. * ''Labarai kwara hudu game da kunkuru (Four stories about the tortoise)'', 1973. * ''Labaran da mahaifiyata ta faɗa man ( Stories my mother told me)'', 1978. * ''Bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwar Tunde (Tunde's birthday party)'', 1983. * ''Tunde ya ziyarci birnin Ibadan (Tunde visits Ibadan)'', 1983. * ''Tunde Karon farko a makaranta (Tunde's first day at school''), 1983. * '' Moonlight stories: how the tortoise married the king's daughter and other stories'', 1986.<ref name=moon/> * '' Dear uncle'', 1986.<ref name=books>[http://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/FEMECalireEN.html Remi Adedeji], A Bibliography of Anglophone Women Writers, Tony Simoes da Silva, aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au, Retrieved 27 February 2016</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1937]] 5ouayehyh3pb82zpdiu2lljvig95le1 550128 550126 2024-12-02T08:21:09Z BnHamid 12586 Sanya manazarta 550128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Remi Aduke Adedeji''' (an haifeta a shekarar 1937) marubuciyar littafin Yara ce a Najeriya. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Adedeji a Okemesi a [[Ekiti|jihar Ekiti]] a shekarar 1937.<ref name=Ohio>[https://library.osu.edu/literary-map-of-africa/authors/adedeji-remi-aduke Remi Adedeji], Ohio University, Retrieved 27 February 2016</ref> Adedeji ta ji takaicin littattafan Yara da ba su nuna al'adun Afirka ba. Yawancin labaranta sun samo asali ne daga tatsuniyoyi na Najeriya. <ref name="Ohio" /> Ta rubuta gami da buga littafin ''The fat woman (Mata mai ƙiba)'' a shekarar 1973.<ref name=books/> Ta zama editan ga mujallar ilimi, ''Bookbird''. Littattafanta akai-akai sun ƙunshi dabi'un kunkuru (dabba kunkuru). Littafinta na (Moonlight Storie)-"Labarun Hasken Wata" na 1986 ya ƙunshi labarai da dama da suka bayyana dalilin da yasa ungulu ke da gashi ko kuma dalilin da yasa ƙoƙon kunkuru ya bayyana. == Ayyuka == * ''Mace mai ƙiba (The fat woman)'', 1973. * ''Baba Ojo da Iyalansa (Papa Ojo and his family)'', 1973. * ''Likacin labarai (It is time for stories)'', 1973. * ''Labarai kwara hudu game da kunkuru (Four stories about the tortoise)'', 1973. * ''Labaran da mahaifiyata ta faɗa man ( Stories my mother told me)'', 1978. * ''Bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwar Tunde (Tunde's birthday party)'', 1983. * ''Tunde ya ziyarci birnin Ibadan (Tunde visits Ibadan)'', 1983. * ''Tunde Karon farko a makaranta (Tunde's first day at school''), 1983. * '' Moonlight stories: how the tortoise married the king's daughter and other stories'', 1986.<ref name=moon/> * '' Dear uncle'', 1986.<ref name=books>[http://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/FEMECalireEN.html Remi Adedeji], A Bibliography of Anglophone Women Writers, Tony Simoes da Silva, aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au, Retrieved 27 February 2016</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1937]] 5r4a2f6b1zf4lxk5eciixbmys67o0a1 550130 550128 2024-12-02T08:22:49Z BnHamid 12586 Sanya manazarta 550130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Remi Aduke Adedeji''' (an haifeta a shekarar 1937) marubuciyar littafin Yara ce a Najeriya. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Adedeji a Okemesi a [[Ekiti|jihar Ekiti]] a shekarar 1937.<ref name=Ohio>[https://library.osu.edu/literary-map-of-africa/authors/adedeji-remi-aduke Remi Adedeji], Ohio University, Retrieved 27 February 2016</ref> Adedeji ta ji takaicin littattafan Yara da ba su nuna al'adun Afirka ba. Yawancin labaranta sun samo asali ne daga tatsuniyoyi na Najeriya. <ref name="Ohio" /> Ta rubuta gami da buga littafin ''The fat woman (Mata mai ƙiba)'' a shekarar 1973.<ref name=books/> Ta zama editan ga mujallar ilimi, ''Bookbird''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Adedeji |first=Remi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cu00AAAACAAJ |title=Moonlight Stories |date=1999 |publisher=Heinemann Educational Books |isbn=978-978-129-248-4 |language=en}}</ref> Littattafanta akai-akai sun ƙunshi dabi'un kunkuru (dabba kunkuru). Littafinta na (Moonlight Storie)-"Labarun Hasken Wata" na 1986 ya ƙunshi labarai da dama da suka bayyana dalilin da yasa ungulu ke da gashi ko kuma dalilin da yasa ƙoƙon kunkuru ya bayyana.<ref name=moon>[http://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/moonlight-stories Moonlight Stories], African Book Collective, Retrieved 27 February 2016</ref> == Ayyuka == * ''Mace mai ƙiba (The fat woman)'', 1973. * ''Baba Ojo da Iyalansa (Papa Ojo and his family)'', 1973. * ''Likacin labarai (It is time for stories)'', 1973. * ''Labarai kwara hudu game da kunkuru (Four stories about the tortoise)'', 1973. * ''Labaran da mahaifiyata ta faɗa man ( Stories my mother told me)'', 1978. * ''Bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwar Tunde (Tunde's birthday party)'', 1983. * ''Tunde ya ziyarci birnin Ibadan (Tunde visits Ibadan)'', 1983. * ''Tunde Karon farko a makaranta (Tunde's first day at school''), 1983. * '' Moonlight stories: how the tortoise married the king's daughter and other stories'', 1986.<ref name=moon/> * '' Dear uncle'', 1986.<ref name=books>[http://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/FEMECalireEN.html Remi Adedeji], A Bibliography of Anglophone Women Writers, Tony Simoes da Silva, aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au, Retrieved 27 February 2016</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1937]] pa2qcild2z6trqru3v7ljhrnj6qjjy9 0 88412 550134 2024-12-02T08:25:14Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 550134 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros tvw9z8cq82wvga1nxiwk4619y2fr3w4 550135 550134 2024-12-02T08:25:33Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 550135 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Manazarta== 8kq2bjr0p7n46wbvjqfz727zxhecwng 550137 550135 2024-12-02T08:26:10Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 550137 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== ==Manazarta== rs9u8zjevrwmtwyour5o02de3nihzx3 550139 550137 2024-12-02T08:26:34Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550139 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa: ==Manazarta== e5gnbb32o1cxjy35cqoir1vwmzt6cf4 550140 550139 2024-12-02T08:27:05Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550140 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Manazarta== pqx8tgw8ofowbz8m3ql51nu4vbaixhw 550141 550140 2024-12-02T08:27:23Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550141 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== i7mqiwljfsspdia5280n8i20bhb4rl4 550143 550141 2024-12-02T08:28:01Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550143 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 25 ga Janairu – An gudanar da zaɓen ‘yan majalisa a ƙasar tare da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi. An gudanar da zaben zagaye na biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu a ranar 21 ga wata ==Manazarta== dzyj3o58z7s9giyx3s37apv4f3v77le 550144 550143 2024-12-02T08:28:49Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550144 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 25 ga Janairu – An gudanar da zaɓen ‘yan majalisa a ƙasar tare da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi. An gudanar da zaben zagaye na biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu a ranar 21 ga watawata,mazabar da babu dan takara da ya yi nasara a zagayen farko. Ƙungiya don Ci gaban Comoros ta fito a matsayin babbar jam'iyya, inda ta lashe kujeru takwas daga cikin kujeru 24 na Majalisar Tarayyar[1][2][3]. ==Manazarta== 347k10x6wyrtr7huzyminjghchqgwk5 550145 550144 2024-12-02T08:29:14Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550145 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 25 ga Janairu – An gudanar da zaɓen ‘yan majalisa a ƙasar tare da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi. An gudanar da zaben zagaye na biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu a ranar 21 ga watawata,mazabar da babu dan takara da ya yi nasara a zagayen farko. Ƙungiya don Ci gaban Comoros ta fito a matsayin babbar jam'iyya, inda ta lashe kujeru takwas daga cikin kujeru 24 na Majalisar Tarayyar[1][2][3]. ==wa'inda suka muyu== ==Manazarta== mpt5arh6a2azd21ecdfmen1clqeex9c 550146 550145 2024-12-02T08:29:36Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* wa'inda suka muyu */ 550146 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 25 ga Janairu – An gudanar da zaɓen ‘yan majalisa a ƙasar tare da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi. An gudanar da zaben zagaye na biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu a ranar 21 ga watawata,mazabar da babu dan takara da ya yi nasara a zagayen farko. Ƙungiya don Ci gaban Comoros ta fito a matsayin babbar jam'iyya, inda ta lashe kujeru takwas daga cikin kujeru 24 na Majalisar Tarayyar[1][2][3]. ==wa'inda suka muyu== •Duba mukalar mituwa a ahekarat 2015 ==Manazarta== gndzg2xolokhlkwsgohy0n6ubwf1gur 550147 550146 2024-12-02T08:30:12Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550147 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 25 ga Janairu – An gudanar da zaɓen ‘yan majalisa a ƙasar tare da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi. An gudanar da zaben zagaye na biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu a ranar 21 ga watawata,mazabar da babu dan takara da ya yi nasara a zagayen farko. Ƙungiya don Ci gaban Comoros ta fito a matsayin babbar jam'iyya, inda ta lashe kujeru takwas daga cikin kujeru 24 na Majalisar Tarayyar<ref>Comoros: Controversy surrounding the election commission on the eve of the start of the campaign for parliamentary and municipal elections Archived 2015-01-21 at the Wayback Machine Indian Ocean Times, 15 December 2014</ref> [2][3]. ==wa'inda suka muyu== •Duba mukalar mituwa a ahekarat 2015 ==Manazarta== crq0fakyud18c35fllf0i214lsytjl8 550148 550147 2024-12-02T08:30:49Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550148 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 25 ga Janairu – An gudanar da zaɓen ‘yan majalisa a ƙasar tare da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi. An gudanar da zaben zagaye na biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu a ranar 21 ga watawata,mazabar da babu dan takara da ya yi nasara a zagayen farko. Ƙungiya don Ci gaban Comoros ta fito a matsayin babbar jam'iyya, inda ta lashe kujeru takwas daga cikin kujeru 24 na Majalisar Tarayyar<ref>Comoros: Controversy surrounding the election commission on the eve of the start of the campaign for parliamentary and municipal elections Archived 2015-01-21 at the Wayback Machine Indian Ocean Times, 15 December 2014</ref> <ref>Electoral system</ref> 3]. ==wa'inda suka muyu== •Duba mukalar mituwa a ahekarat 2015 ==Manazarta== jk53r5b6vj7c02pqml2q6p0xy9and64 550149 550148 2024-12-02T08:31:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550149 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 25 ga Janairu – An gudanar da zaɓen ‘yan majalisa a ƙasar tare da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi. An gudanar da zaben zagaye na biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu a ranar 21 ga watawata,mazabar da babu dan takara da ya yi nasara a zagayen farko. Ƙungiya don Ci gaban Comoros ta fito a matsayin babbar jam'iyya, inda ta lashe kujeru takwas daga cikin kujeru 24 na Majalisar Tarayyar<ref>Comoros: Controversy surrounding the election commission on the eve of the start of the campaign for parliamentary and municipal elections Archived 2015-01-21 at the Wayback Machine Indian Ocean Times, 15 December 2014</ref> <ref>Electoral system</ref> <ref>Comoros: The lists of candidates for the different polls published by the Constitutional Court Archived 2015-01-21 at the Wayback Machine Indian Ocean Times, 24 December 2014</ref> ==wa'inda suka muyu== •Duba mukalar mituwa a ahekarat 2015 ==Manazarta== 1x72b14ib4znh63f4294gd6c9f7rpr6 550150 550149 2024-12-02T08:32:25Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 550150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 25 ga Janairu – An gudanar da zaɓen ‘yan majalisa a ƙasar tare da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi. An gudanar da zaben zagaye na biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu a ranar 21 ga watawata,mazabar da babu dan takara da ya yi nasara a zagayen farko. Ƙungiya don Ci gaban Comoros ta fito a matsayin babbar jam'iyya, inda ta lashe kujeru takwas daga cikin kujeru 24 na Majalisar Tarayyar<ref>Comoros: Controversy surrounding the election commission on the eve of the start of the campaign for parliamentary and municipal elections Archived 2015-01-21 at the Wayback Machine Indian Ocean Times, 15 December 2014</ref> <ref>Electoral system</ref> <ref>Comoros: The lists of candidates for the different polls published by the Constitutional Court Archived 2015-01-21 at the Wayback Machine Indian Ocean Times, 24 December 2014</ref> ==wa'inda suka muyu== •Duba mukalar mituwa a ahekarat 2015 ==Manazarta== mp1ywak8p15w5098zy8t5d25jmaakjr 550151 550150 2024-12-02T08:32:41Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* wa'inda suka muyu */ 550151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2015 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Ikililou Dhoinine ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 25 ga Janairu – An gudanar da zaɓen ‘yan majalisa a ƙasar tare da zaɓen ƙananan hukumomi. An gudanar da zaben zagaye na biyu a ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairu a ranar 21 ga watawata,mazabar da babu dan takara da ya yi nasara a zagayen farko. Ƙungiya don Ci gaban Comoros ta fito a matsayin babbar jam'iyya, inda ta lashe kujeru takwas daga cikin kujeru 24 na Majalisar Tarayyar<ref>Comoros: Controversy surrounding the election commission on the eve of the start of the campaign for parliamentary and municipal elections Archived 2015-01-21 at the Wayback Machine Indian Ocean Times, 15 December 2014</ref> <ref>Electoral system</ref> <ref>Comoros: The lists of candidates for the different polls published by the Constitutional Court Archived 2015-01-21 at the Wayback Machine Indian Ocean Times, 24 December 2014</ref> ==wa'inda suka muymu== •Duba mukalar mituwa a ahekarat 2015 ==Manazarta== nfj7e7ozxd93bc7nznt4dm2s30r8di3 0 88413 550153 2024-12-02T08:33:52Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 550153 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros c4c66ha0p8igvvbks6jlade8xirm0y3 550154 550153 2024-12-02T08:34:17Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 550154 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== sn5nwppnroijrqs059ew0denm1ss639 550155 550154 2024-12-02T08:34:38Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550155 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa: abkngcb208gy7m84xwjo0s4ecr4y5lr 550156 550155 2024-12-02T08:34:51Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550156 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani n2op3sqs4s951tbtx10aczwt1iqgqry 550157 550156 2024-12-02T08:35:30Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550157 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa: e96vmz8nuumidwkhbtlgypn0rk281wh 550158 550157 2024-12-02T08:35:41Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550158 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou 12m9wfm8kvs8q0i9ldkx3hktbxs46s1 550159 550158 2024-12-02T08:35:55Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550159 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Manazarta== 7bx5dyp8zue92ywxbbbgulxzsb0xvi9 550160 550159 2024-12-02T08:36:23Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550160 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== owwfrqlloqej9ldzm8d6k6e5cdxq3vr 550161 550160 2024-12-02T08:36:53Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550161 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •Ansamu barkewar annobar kotona a shwkarr 2021 ==Manazarta== 9c7kkp9d673m9b9so8kee4uv3gtj3as 550162 550161 2024-12-02T08:37:35Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550162 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •Ansamu barkewar annobar kotona a shwkarr 2021 ==wa'inda suka mutu== ==Manazarta== hsti5ybf335xglxas7iydg43anahx7m 550163 550162 2024-12-02T08:38:07Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* wa'inda suka mutu */ 550163 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •Ansamu barkewar annobar kotona a shwkarr 2021 ==wa'inda suka mutu== •Duba mukalar mutuwa ta shekarra 2021 domkn karin bayyani ==Manazarta== ojh5bg3yhkzhym46lqbw4yb0iy4osij 550164 550163 2024-12-02T08:39:17Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 550164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2021 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •Ansamu barkewar annobar kotona a shwkarr 2021 ==wa'inda suka mutu== •Duba mukalar mutuwa ta shekarra 2021 domkn karin bayyani ==Manazarta== 54argq2l74dtd5je817pg45bkq6wqff 0 88414 550166 2024-12-02T09:14:39Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 550166 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros 3rnnlfv2n2y1m88vqg0pjmojwhua9px 550167 550166 2024-12-02T09:15:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 550167 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Manazarta== nrtvuj7cpd9h6e79cklcy0goqkfjbim 550168 550167 2024-12-02T09:15:54Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 550168 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== ==Manazarta== arhg1ebmdsv2nmmodcdnv93tn8xf16b 550169 550168 2024-12-02T09:16:16Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550169 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa: ==Manazarta== dhn1flubksoelsuodcv5y1i9xcb8ps2 550170 550169 2024-12-02T09:16:37Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550170 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani ==Manazarta== ig9lm5rw7uom363f1vyepgwn2twood7 550171 550170 2024-12-02T09:17:22Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550171 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Manazarta== a8jvz4m9k4z1qywk7k6l5gtzjk4779r 550172 550171 2024-12-02T09:17:55Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550172 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== 4ufidw0d9utwt4rjagaskntbbi7wqg0 550173 550172 2024-12-02T09:18:47Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550173 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar ==Manazarta== q336j57klw0ktju047n1y0p7mu8xed0 550174 550173 2024-12-02T09:19:23Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550174 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.[1] ==Manazarta== q3ucch2mczk1a3ffi0jg1fni0oub2tm 550175 550174 2024-12-02T09:19:59Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550175 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.[1] Gasar cin kofin Afrika [gyara tushe] 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.[2] 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.[3] ==Manazarta== nnrfc65a1j9857n874t2obq627ncxno 550176 550175 2024-12-02T09:20:17Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550176 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.[1] ==Gasar cin kofin Afrika== [gyara tushe] 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.[2] 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.[3] ==Manazarta== az92b95t06k9ghmvaul492fa6x5rskt 550177 550176 2024-12-02T09:20:42Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Gasar cin kofin Afrika */ 550177 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.[1] ==Gasar cin kofin Afrika== 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.[2] 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.[3] ==Manazarta== maowmrk6pmrs73k3tjz1ndcm437dctj 550178 550177 2024-12-02T09:21:10Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Gasar cin kofin Afrika */ 550178 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.[1] ==Gasar cin kofin Afrika== 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.[2] 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.[3] 24 ga Janairu - A Zagaye na 16, an kawar da Comoros bayan rashin nasara da ci 2-2 ga Kamaru.[4] ==Manazarta== i88w8o2kxh70fs0dbgf0ligo8xg5bxh 550179 550178 2024-12-02T09:21:34Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Gasar cin kofin Afrika */ 550179 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.[1] ===Gasar cin kofin Afrika=== 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.[2] 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.[3] 24 ga Janairu - A Zagaye na 16, an kawar da Comoros bayan rashin nasara da ci 2-2 ga Kamaru.[4] ==Manazarta== 7tzzduphow7gzfp7pbao60dz8y2cjaq 550180 550179 2024-12-02T09:22:22Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550180 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.<ref>"Japan-Comoros Summit Video Conference Meeting (Diplomatic Relations) | Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet". japan.kantei.go.jp. Retrieved 2022-09-02</ref> ===Gasar cin kofin Afrika=== 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.[2] 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.[3] 24 ga Janairu - A Zagaye na 16, an kawar da Comoros bayan rashin nasara da ci 2-2 ga Kamaru.[4] ==Manazarta== eqd1iezmmfuk5dzliu1hkwdtttedhg9 550181 550180 2024-12-02T09:23:00Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Gasar cin kofin Afrika */ 550181 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.<ref>"Japan-Comoros Summit Video Conference Meeting (Diplomatic Relations) | Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet". japan.kantei.go.jp. Retrieved 2022-09-02</ref> ===Gasar cin kofin Afrika=== 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.<ref>Football, CAF-Confedération Africaine du. "Gabon's Panthers register win against Comoros in opening match". CAFOnline.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02.</ref> 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.[3] 24 ga Janairu - A Zagaye na 16, an kawar da Comoros bayan rashin nasara da ci 2-2 ga Kamaru.[4] ==Manazarta== 6jfxewvzsgq7j2f1bqz3tfeukstm4yf 550182 550181 2024-12-02T09:23:31Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Gasar cin kofin Afrika */ 550182 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.<ref>"Japan-Comoros Summit Video Conference Meeting (Diplomatic Relations) | Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet". japan.kantei.go.jp. Retrieved 2022-09-02</ref> ===Gasar cin kofin Afrika=== 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.<ref>Football, CAF-Confedération Africaine du. "Gabon's Panthers register win against Comoros in opening match". CAFOnline.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02.</ref> 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.<ref>Football, CAF-Confedération Africaine du. "Comoros sink Ghana and record historic win". CAFOnline.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02.</ref> 24 ga Janairu - A Zagaye na 16, an kawar da Comoros bayan rashin nasara da ci 2-2 ga Kamaru.[4] ==Manazarta== g0qpvu2ies712p7j3mp5xyv5tgbh7fi 550183 550182 2024-12-02T09:24:01Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Gasar cin kofin Afrika */ 550183 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.<ref>"Japan-Comoros Summit Video Conference Meeting (Diplomatic Relations) | Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet". japan.kantei.go.jp. Retrieved 2022-09-02</ref> ===Gasar cin kofin Afrika=== 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.<ref>Football, CAF-Confedération Africaine du. "Gabon's Panthers register win against Comoros in opening match". CAFOnline.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02.</ref> 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.<ref>Football, CAF-Confedération Africaine du. "Comoros sink Ghana and record historic win". CAFOnline.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02.</ref> 24 ga Janairu - A Zagaye na 16, an kawar da Comoros bayan rashin nasara da ci 2-2 ga Kamaru.<ref>Football, CAF-Confedération Africaine du. "Cameroon beat brave Comoros to clinch a quarter final place". CAFOnline.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02</ref> ==Manazarta== hfbbnzztj2nclmiedoztjlnyfk8k6tz 550184 550183 2024-12-02T09:25:00Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 550184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2022 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== Ansamu barkewar cutar korona a shekarar 26 ga Agusta - Shugaba Azali Assoumani ya gudanar da taron bidiyo tare da firaministan Japan, Fumio Kishida.<ref>"Japan-Comoros Summit Video Conference Meeting (Diplomatic Relations) | Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet". japan.kantei.go.jp. Retrieved 2022-09-02</ref> ===Gasar cin kofin Afrika=== 10 ga Janairu – A gasar cin kofin Afirka, Comoros ta sha kashi a hannun Gabon da ci 1-0.<ref>Football, CAF-Confedération Africaine du. "Gabon's Panthers register win against Comoros in opening match". CAFOnline.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02.</ref> 18 ga Janairu – Comoros ta ci Ghana 3–2.<ref>Football, CAF-Confedération Africaine du. "Comoros sink Ghana and record historic win". CAFOnline.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02.</ref> 24 ga Janairu - A Zagaye na 16, an kawar da Comoros bayan rashin nasara da ci 2-2 ga Kamaru.<ref>Football, CAF-Confedération Africaine du. "Cameroon beat brave Comoros to clinch a quarter final place". CAFOnline.com. Retrieved 2022-09-02</ref> ==Manazarta== 8z2j2jyk2prcw28so5oqxhih731qnbd 0 88415 550185 2024-12-02T09:26:06Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 550185 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros lfuqhkf7kxv704kk2634x6ogyr99454 550186 550185 2024-12-02T09:26:58Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 550186 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== j4db7a655uc8yhydprlht99twon3vtt 550187 550186 2024-12-02T09:27:33Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550187 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== shugaban kasa: euycupnltpd47d6cr0h7wqrfsyhfzoy 550188 550187 2024-12-02T09:28:00Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550188 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa: •Shugaban majalisa pmpc52cmlj71ib9j3z5mpp1c2vxh3r3 550189 550188 2024-12-02T09:28:17Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550189 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa: •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou sase2lo90sq5do1fdk93ei0fcjt3ghk 550190 550189 2024-12-02T09:28:33Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550190 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou 9kwz12qv2rpc35d0v1l1hvhi7llu43g 550191 550190 2024-12-02T09:28:58Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Shuwagabani */ 550191 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== 9gejy4tsarwpqqgch0wex9m8gz4vwhm 550192 550191 2024-12-02T09:29:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550192 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona rvqk7widext1vpcnlid94pjyupgbbi0 550194 550192 2024-12-02T09:29:42Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550194 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona ==Manazarta== ngo13a8wrozgye8c9jxbdc9gd1axj7m 550195 550194 2024-12-02T09:30:07Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550195 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona ==Wassani== ==Manazarta== ed2j2lrwteh6echz9xbrsmrgpvjoif1 550196 550195 2024-12-02T09:30:50Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Wassani */ 550196 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona ==Wassani== •19 ga Agusta 2023 - 27 ga Agusta 2023: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 2023[1] ==Manazarta== f4ne2kg1r907fce578cupdotx83viin 550197 550196 2024-12-02T09:31:26Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Wassani */ 550197 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona ==Wassani== •19 ga Agusta 2023 - 27 ga Agusta 2023: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 2023[1] •28 Yuli 2023 - 8 Agusta 2023: Comoros a Wasannin Jami'ar Duniya na bazara na 2021[2] ==Manazarta== gx7f3cej2pivt6g978pobr0n2gtec7a 550198 550197 2024-12-02T09:31:58Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Wassani */ 550198 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona ==Wassani== •19 ga Agusta 2023 - 27 ga Agusta 2023: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 2023[1] •28 Yuli 2023 - 8 Agusta 2023: Comoros a Wasannin Jami'ar Duniya na bazara na 2021[2] •14 Yuli - 30 ga Yuli: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya na 2023[3] ==Manazarta== 3szfxyl9s81zaogy0xco7x2vn3tppx8 550199 550198 2024-12-02T09:32:30Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Wassani */ 550199 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona ==Wassani== •19 ga Agusta 2023 - 27 ga Agusta 2023: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 2023<ref>COUNTRY COMOROS | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-09-06</ref> •28 Yuli 2023 - 8 Agusta 2023: Comoros a Wasannin Jami'ar Duniya na bazara na 2021[2] •14 Yuli - 30 ga Yuli: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya na 2023[3] ==Manazarta== 3v51swr3c6u4dmzj5f57bq1njt87qc9 550200 550199 2024-12-02T09:32:54Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Wassani */ 550200 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona ==Wassani== •19 ga Agusta 2023 - 27 ga Agusta 2023: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 2023<ref>COUNTRY COMOROS | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-09-06</ref> •28 Yuli 2023 - 8 Agusta 2023: Comoros a Wasannin Jami'ar Duniya na bazara na 2021<ref>COUNTRY COMOROS | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-09-06</ref> •14 Yuli - 30 ga Yuli: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya na 2023[3] ==Manazarta== j4s2ctjlalpm9yjh6x9ih5iwaqbbnss 550201 550200 2024-12-02T09:33:23Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Wassani */ 550201 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona ==Wassani== •19 ga Agusta 2023 - 27 ga Agusta 2023: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 2023<ref>COUNTRY COMOROS | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-09-06</ref> •28 Yuli 2023 - 8 Agusta 2023: Comoros a Wasannin Jami'ar Duniya na bazara na 2021<ref>COUNTRY COMOROS | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-09-06</ref> •14 Yuli - 30 ga Yuli: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya na 2023<ref>COUNTRY COMOROS | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-09-06</ref> ==Manazarta== ir0zxiudpzl83m5yltmwdyxjhh82kzn 550202 550201 2024-12-02T09:35:22Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 550202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekara 2023 'a cikin Comoros ==Shuwagabani== •shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •Shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== An su barkewar cutar korona ==Wassani== •19 ga Agusta 2023 - 27 ga Agusta 2023: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 2023<ref>COUNTRY COMOROS | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-09-06</ref> •28 Yuli 2023 - 8 Agusta 2023: Comoros a Wasannin Jami'ar Duniya na bazara na 2021<ref>COUNTRY COMOROS | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-09-06</ref> •14 Yuli - 30 ga Yuli: Comoros a Gasar Cin Kofin Ruwa ta Duniya na 2023<ref>COUNTRY COMOROS | Budapest 23 | World Athletics Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-09-06</ref> ==Manazarta== 4x9hlhrdxszi893oq5xytvncyh9q1dv 0 88416 550203 2024-12-02T09:38:46Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 550203 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros je3nuuyn97eknyit3x81p6gbwol2qzj 550204 550203 2024-12-02T09:39:04Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 550204 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==Manazarta== g83axnky0ve68pqhsalyd3ubaltc21b 550205 550204 2024-12-02T09:39:36Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 550205 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== t5hkiza8ay9hh238mppu2elpoidi5lz 550206 550205 2024-12-02T09:39:51Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550206 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== np5xeup6l0gdafph4zjrc223dw2kbzw 550208 550206 2024-12-02T09:40:35Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Kirkirar sashe 550208 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== 4gc9ch4s51kxyiblk93fggrpz8z7saw 550209 550208 2024-12-02T09:41:09Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* shuwagabani */ 550209 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa: ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== plegkxxdxyvhj8san5um0ukeaslq2r4 550210 550209 2024-12-02T09:41:34Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* shuwagabani */ 550210 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== 06jzxoew8z30yesj2onnjpwyis9ayxd 550211 550210 2024-12-02T09:43:10Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* shuwagabani */ 550211 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa: ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== 4ng04fq7xgj4dvd6hcy8tlxmk0og1jf 550212 550211 2024-12-02T09:43:36Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* shuwagabani */ 550212 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== ==Manazarta== emmtokypa6nlvmrzluf2yf0ne5cnw1p 550213 550212 2024-12-02T09:44:16Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550213 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian[1] [2] An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara. ==Manazarta== 12kkviueuxqp4catus9bid5tshbiuc0 550214 550213 2024-12-02T09:44:48Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550214 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian[1] [2] An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara. •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni.[4] ==Manazarta== 7aecbv6k2v5iw0q42fz6oj19lr2prjr 550215 550214 2024-12-02T09:45:24Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550215 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian[1] [2] An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara. •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni.[4] •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani  ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.[5] ==Manazarta== jl8juozc3igjj17u6mmimmf7ue39jus 550216 550215 2024-12-02T09:46:23Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550216 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian[1] [2] An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara. •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni.[4] •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani  ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.[5] •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.[6] ==Manazarta== t1o7ly6zfmkm5xg4sn6kb61utbosuch 550217 550216 2024-12-02T09:46:58Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550217 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian[1] [2] An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara. •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni.[4] •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani  ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.[5] •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.[6] •13 ga Satumba: Shugaba Assoumani ya samu rauni kadan bayan an caka masa wuka a wajen wani jana'izar a Salimani. Wanda ake zargin, soja ne mai shekaru 24, an kama shi amma daga baya aka same shi gawarsa a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 14 ga Satumba.[7] ==Manazarta== l0ob218jo9iqu9uoabqh52t064kmj3a 550219 550217 2024-12-02T09:47:49Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 Saka mnazarta 550219 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian<ref>Comoros To Hold Presidential Vote On January 14". Barron's. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> [2] An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara. •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni.[4] •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani  ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.[5] •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.[6] •13 ga Satumba: Shugaba Assoumani ya samu rauni kadan bayan an caka masa wuka a wajen wani jana'izar a Salimani. Wanda ake zargin, soja ne mai shekaru 24, an kama shi amma daga baya aka same shi gawarsa a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 14 ga Satumba.[7] ==Manazarta== 5h6cqg9pwcg0gqf8mtznoq8kf1s2vgf 550220 550219 2024-12-02T09:48:21Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550220 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian<ref>Comoros To Hold Presidential Vote On January 14". Barron's. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> <ref>"Comoros: Government". globaledge.msu.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara. •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni.[4] •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani  ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.[5] •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.[6] •13 ga Satumba: Shugaba Assoumani ya samu rauni kadan bayan an caka masa wuka a wajen wani jana'izar a Salimani. Wanda ake zargin, soja ne mai shekaru 24, an kama shi amma daga baya aka same shi gawarsa a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 14 ga Satumba.[7] ==Manazarta== 75fgy3skardk1ju585udbtzsfc4dp0t 550221 550220 2024-12-02T09:49:07Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550221 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian<ref>Comoros To Hold Presidential Vote On January 14". Barron's. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> <ref>"Comoros: Government". globaledge.msu.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara.<ref>Unrest grips Comoros as opposition rejects president's re-election". France 24. January 17, 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.</ref> •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni.[4] •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani  ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.[5] •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.[6] •13 ga Satumba: Shugaba Assoumani ya samu rauni kadan bayan an caka masa wuka a wajen wani jana'izar a Salimani. Wanda ake zargin, soja ne mai shekaru 24, an kama shi amma daga baya aka same shi gawarsa a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 14 ga Satumba.[7] ==Manazarta== g2mlfrt9owqnr53we0qqgdphw44xpkj 550223 550221 2024-12-02T09:49:41Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550223 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian<ref>Comoros To Hold Presidential Vote On January 14". Barron's. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> <ref>"Comoros: Government". globaledge.msu.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara.<ref>Unrest grips Comoros as opposition rejects president's re-election". France 24. January 17, 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.</ref> •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni. <ref>Dozens escape from jail in Comoros capital". Reuters. April 11, 2024.</ref> •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani  ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.[5] •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.[6] •13 ga Satumba: Shugaba Assoumani ya samu rauni kadan bayan an caka masa wuka a wajen wani jana'izar a Salimani. Wanda ake zargin, soja ne mai shekaru 24, an kama shi amma daga baya aka same shi gawarsa a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 14 ga Satumba.[7] ==Manazarta== b5cs8x4bzbx8ynaakl9n02g4iazehao 550224 550223 2024-12-02T09:50:15Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550224 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian<ref>Comoros To Hold Presidential Vote On January 14". Barron's. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> <ref>"Comoros: Government". globaledge.msu.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara.<ref>Unrest grips Comoros as opposition rejects president's re-election". France 24. January 17, 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.</ref> •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni. <ref>Dozens escape from jail in Comoros capital". Reuters. April 11, 2024.</ref> •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.<ref>"Comoros president grants sweeping new powers to his son". Reuters. August 7, 2024</ref> •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.[6] •13 ga Satumba: Shugaba Assoumani ya samu rauni kadan bayan an caka masa wuka a wajen wani jana'izar a Salimani. Wanda ake zargin, soja ne mai shekaru 24, an kama shi amma daga baya aka same shi gawarsa a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 14 ga Satumba.[7] ==Manazarta== 9c2u2uj0he1tfw0w3boprltj5oklpsh 550225 550224 2024-12-02T09:50:56Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550225 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian<ref>Comoros To Hold Presidential Vote On January 14". Barron's. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> <ref>"Comoros: Government". globaledge.msu.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara.<ref>Unrest grips Comoros as opposition rejects president's re-election". France 24. January 17, 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.</ref> •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni. <ref>Dozens escape from jail in Comoros capital". Reuters. April 11, 2024.</ref> •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.<ref>"Comoros president grants sweeping new powers to his son". Reuters. August 7, 2024</ref> •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.<ref>Comoros is World Trade Organization's 165th member". Africanews. August 23, 2024</ref> •13 ga Satumba: Shugaba Assoumani ya samu rauni kadan bayan an caka masa wuka a wajen wani jana'izar a Salimani. Wanda ake zargin, soja ne mai shekaru 24, an kama shi amma daga baya aka same shi gawarsa a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 14 ga Satumba.[7] ==Manazarta== i9185c5ym51uyr04fy21oy416c4r4jb 550227 550225 2024-12-02T09:51:30Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 /* Abubuwan da suka faru */ 550227 wikitext text/x-wiki Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian<ref>Comoros To Hold Presidential Vote On January 14". Barron's. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> <ref>"Comoros: Government". globaledge.msu.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara.<ref>Unrest grips Comoros as opposition rejects president's re-election". France 24. January 17, 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.</ref> •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni. <ref>Dozens escape from jail in Comoros capital". Reuters. April 11, 2024.</ref> •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.<ref>"Comoros president grants sweeping new powers to his son". Reuters. August 7, 2024</ref> •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.<ref>Comoros is World Trade Organization's 165th member". Africanews. August 23, 2024</ref> •13 ga Satumba: Shugaba Assoumani ya samu rauni kadan bayan an caka masa wuka a wajen wani jana'izar a Salimani. Wanda ake zargin, soja ne mai shekaru 24, an kama shi amma daga baya aka same shi gawarsa a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 14 ga Satumba.<ref>Comoros president is 'slightly injured' in knife attack. The suspect is found dead in police cell". Associated Press. 14 September 2024. Retrieved 15 September 2024.</ref> ==Manazarta== dg6r05fxxc716k9ifkj8a4g7w5bkgjv 550230 550227 2024-12-02T09:52:13Z Ibrahim abusufyan 19233 550230 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin shekarar 2024 a cikin Comoros ==shuwagabani== •Shugaban kasa:Azali Assoumani •shugaban majalisa:Moustadroine Abdou ==Abubuwan da suka faru== •14 Janairu: 2024 Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Comorian<ref>Comoros To Hold Presidential Vote On January 14". Barron's. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> <ref>"Comoros: Government". globaledge.msu.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-29.</ref> An sanar da shugaba mai ci Azali Assoumani a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara.<ref>Unrest grips Comoros as opposition rejects president's re-election". France 24. January 17, 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.</ref> •11 Afrilu: Fursunoni 38 sun tsere daga gidan yari a Moroni. <ref>Dozens escape from jail in Comoros capital". Reuters. April 11, 2024.</ref> •7 ga Agusta: Shugaban Azali Assoumani ya ba dansa iko mai yawa ga dansa kuma wanda ake zargin magajinsa Nour El Fath, yana ba shi damar shiga cikin matakai da yawa na yanke shawara na gwamnati.<ref>"Comoros president grants sweeping new powers to his son". Reuters. August 7, 2024</ref> •20 ga Agusta: Comoros ta shiga ƙungiyar kasuwanci ta duniya a matsayin memba ta 165.<ref>Comoros is World Trade Organization's 165th member". Africanews. August 23, 2024</ref> •13 ga Satumba: Shugaba Assoumani ya samu rauni kadan bayan an caka masa wuka a wajen wani jana'izar a Salimani. Wanda ake zargin, soja ne mai shekaru 24, an kama shi amma daga baya aka same shi gawarsa a dakinsa na kurkuku a ranar 14 ga Satumba.<ref>Comoros president is 'slightly injured' in knife attack. The suspect is found dead in police cell". Associated Press. 14 September 2024. Retrieved 15 September 2024.</ref> ==Manazarta== 6wt11u5y81iwjodsqpoglusmw17rsbq 0 88417 550218 2024-12-02T09:47:43Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259451029|Gert Myburgh]]" 550218 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gert Benjamin Myburgh''' (13 Janairu 1940 - 11 Maris 1996) lauya ne ɗan Afirka ta Kudu kuma ɗan siyasa daga Gabashin Cape . Ya rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a daga watan Janairun 1995 har zuwa rasuwarsa a watan Maris 1996. Ya taba rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda daga 1992 zuwa 1994 kuma ya kasance wakilin jam'iyyar National Party (NP) a majalisa . Lauya ta sana'a, Myburgh ya fara aiki a Majalisa daga 1977 zuwa 1981 a matsayin wakilin Gabashin London . Ya koma Majalisar Dokoki don wakiltar mazabar [[Port Elizabeth]] daga 1987 zuwa 1994, kuma a lokacin an nada shi a gwamnatin FW de Klerk a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda. Bayan kawar da mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekarar 1994, ya ci gaba da zama dan majalisa na yau da kullun, yanzu yana cikin majalisar dokokin kasa mai yawan kabilu, har zuwa 1995, lokacin da aka nada shi mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa . == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Myburgh a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1940 a Somerset East . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa a Hoërskool Brandwag a Uitenhage a 1957, ya fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati a karamar hukuma, na farko a Uitenhage sannan a [[Port Elizabeth]] . A lokaci guda, ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu]], inda ya kammala BA a 1969 da LLB a 1974. <ref name=":0" /> Ya kammala aikin lauyansa a Burman, Blumberg da Saks a Port Elizabeth kuma an shigar da shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara na Bar Cape Bar a 1975. <ref name=":0" /> == Aikin majalisa == === Majalisar: 1977-1994 === An fara zaben Myburgh a matsayin dan majalisa a 1977 a matsayin wakilin NP a Gabashin London . Ya bar kujerarsa a 1981, amma ya dawo a babban zaben 1987, yanzu ya koma mazabar Port Elizabeth ta Arewa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> A cikin 1989, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin hadin gwiwa kan shari'a na majalisar . <ref name=":0" /> A wannan lokacin, ya kasance memba na tawagar NP a shawarwarin kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata, kuma ya yi aiki a rukunin aiki na 1 a Convention for Democratic Africa ta Kudu . <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Aranar 17 ga Agusta 1992, Shugaba FW de Klerk ya nada Myburgh a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Shari'a da oda. Ya rike wannan matsayi har sai da aka maye gurbin gwamnatin wariyar launin fata a 1994. === Majalisar Kasa: 1994-1996 === A babban zaɓe na 1994, wanda shine na farko a Afirka ta Kudu a ƙarƙashin zaɓe na duniya, an zaɓi Myburgh don wakiltar jam'iyyar NP a cikin sabuwar majalisar wakilai ta kasa mai launin fata da yawa, mai hidima ga mazabar Eastern Cape . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> Bugu da kari, cikin kankanin lokacin da ya shiga cikin wa'adin majalisa, shugaba [[Nelson Mandela]] ya nada shi ya nada Dullah Omar a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa . Ya hau ofis a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1995, ya maye gurbin Chris Fismer . <ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Bayan ya murmure daga tiyata sau uku, Myburgh ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani a ranar 11 ga Maris 1996 bayan ya yi fama [[Ciwon zuciya|da bugun zuciya]] a ofishinsa da ke [[Pretoria]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |date=1996 |title=Ons onthou hulle... Adjunkminister van Justisie Gert Benjamin Myburgh |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10128743_800 |journal=Consultus |language=Afrikaans |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=35–6}}</ref> Sheila Camerer ta gaje shi a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a. <ref name=":2" /> Ya auri Annetjie Myburgh, wanda yake da 'ya'ya mata biyu tare da su. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1996]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1940]] nxdsqed04czj50e4ugalwkyos39nrer 550222 550218 2024-12-02T09:49:24Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 550222 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Gert Benjamin Myburgh''' (13 Janairu 1940 - 11 Maris 1996) lauya ne ɗan Afirka ta Kudu kuma ɗan siyasa daga Gabashin Cape . Ya rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a daga watan Janairun 1995 har zuwa rasuwarsa a watan Maris 1996. Ya taba rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda daga 1992 zuwa 1994 kuma ya kasance wakilin jam'iyyar National Party (NP) a majalisa . Lauya ta sana'a, Myburgh ya fara aiki a Majalisa daga 1977 zuwa 1981 a matsayin wakilin Gabashin London . Ya koma Majalisar Dokoki don wakiltar mazabar [[Port Elizabeth]] daga 1987 zuwa 1994, kuma a lokacin an nada shi a gwamnatin FW de Klerk a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda. Bayan kawar da mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekarar 1994, ya ci gaba da zama dan majalisa na yau da kullun, yanzu yana cikin majalisar dokokin kasa mai yawan kabilu, har zuwa 1995, lokacin da aka nada shi mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa . == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Myburgh a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1940 a Somerset East . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa a Hoërskool Brandwag a Uitenhage a 1957, ya fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati a karamar hukuma, na farko a Uitenhage sannan a [[Port Elizabeth]] . A lokaci guda, ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu]], inda ya kammala BA a 1969 da LLB a 1974. <ref name=":0" /> Ya kammala aikin lauyansa a Burman, Blumberg da Saks a Port Elizabeth kuma an shigar da shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara na Bar Cape Bar a 1975. <ref name=":0" /> == Aikin majalisa == === Majalisar: 1977-1994 === An fara zaben Myburgh a matsayin dan majalisa a 1977 a matsayin wakilin NP a Gabashin London . Ya bar kujerarsa a 1981, amma ya dawo a babban zaben 1987, yanzu ya koma mazabar Port Elizabeth ta Arewa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> A cikin 1989, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin hadin gwiwa kan shari'a na majalisar . <ref name=":0" /> A wannan lokacin, ya kasance memba na tawagar NP a shawarwarin kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata, kuma ya yi aiki a rukunin aiki na 1 a Convention for Democratic Africa ta Kudu . <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Aranar 17 ga Agusta 1992, Shugaba FW de Klerk ya nada Myburgh a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Shari'a da oda. Ya rike wannan matsayi har sai da aka maye gurbin gwamnatin wariyar launin fata a 1994. === Majalisar Kasa: 1994-1996 === A babban zaɓe na 1994, wanda shine na farko a Afirka ta Kudu a ƙarƙashin zaɓe na duniya, an zaɓi Myburgh don wakiltar jam'iyyar NP a cikin sabuwar majalisar wakilai ta kasa mai launin fata da yawa, mai hidima ga mazabar Eastern Cape . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> Bugu da kari, cikin kankanin lokacin da ya shiga cikin wa'adin majalisa, shugaba [[Nelson Mandela]] ya nada shi ya nada Dullah Omar a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa . Ya hau ofis a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1995, ya maye gurbin Chris Fismer . <ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Bayan ya murmure daga tiyata sau uku, Myburgh ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani a ranar 11 ga Maris 1996 bayan ya yi fama [[Ciwon zuciya|da bugun zuciya]] a ofishinsa da ke [[Pretoria]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |date=1996 |title=Ons onthou hulle... Adjunkminister van Justisie Gert Benjamin Myburgh |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10128743_800 |journal=Consultus |language=Afrikaans |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=35–6}}</ref> Sheila Camerer ta gaje shi a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a. <ref name=":2" /> Ya auri Annetjie Myburgh, wanda yake da 'ya'ya mata biyu tare da su. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1996]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1940]] no406qk3xcrottt7z53clhh92sxo9k7 550226 550222 2024-12-02T09:51:04Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Rayuwar farko da aiki */ 550226 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Gert Benjamin Myburgh''' (13 Janairu 1940 - 11 Maris 1996) lauya ne ɗan Afirka ta Kudu kuma ɗan siyasa daga Gabashin Cape . Ya rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a daga watan Janairun 1995 har zuwa rasuwarsa a watan Maris 1996. Ya taba rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda daga 1992 zuwa 1994 kuma ya kasance wakilin jam'iyyar National Party (NP) a majalisa . Lauya ta sana'a, Myburgh ya fara aiki a Majalisa daga 1977 zuwa 1981 a matsayin wakilin Gabashin London . Ya koma Majalisar Dokoki don wakiltar mazabar [[Port Elizabeth]] daga 1987 zuwa 1994, kuma a lokacin an nada shi a gwamnatin FW de Klerk a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda. Bayan kawar da mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekarar 1994, ya ci gaba da zama dan majalisa na yau da kullun, yanzu yana cikin majalisar dokokin kasa mai yawan kabilu, har zuwa 1995, lokacin da aka nada shi mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa . == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Myburgh a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1940 a Somerset East . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa a Hoërskool Brandwag a Uitenhage a 1957, ya fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati a karamar hukuma, na farko a Uitenhage sannan a [[Port Elizabeth]] . A lokaci guda, ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu]], inda ya kammala BA a 1969 da LLB a 1974. <ref name=":0" /> Ya kammala aikin lauyansa a Burman, Blumberg da Saks a Port Elizabeth kuma an shigar da shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara na Bar Cape Bar a 1975. <ref name=":0" /> == Aikin majalisa == === Majalisar: 1977-1994 === An fara zaben Myburgh a matsayin dan majalisa a 1977 a matsayin wakilin NP a Gabashin London . Ya bar kujerarsa a 1981, amma ya dawo a babban zaben 1987, yanzu ya koma mazabar Port Elizabeth ta Arewa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> A cikin 1989, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin hadin gwiwa kan shari'a na majalisar . <ref name=":0" /> A wannan lokacin, ya kasance memba na tawagar NP a shawarwarin kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata, kuma ya yi aiki a rukunin aiki na 1 a Convention for Democratic Africa ta Kudu . <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Aranar 17 ga Agusta 1992, Shugaba FW de Klerk ya nada Myburgh a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Shari'a da oda. Ya rike wannan matsayi har sai da aka maye gurbin gwamnatin wariyar launin fata a 1994. === Majalisar Kasa: 1994-1996 === A babban zaɓe na 1994, wanda shine na farko a Afirka ta Kudu a ƙarƙashin zaɓe na duniya, an zaɓi Myburgh don wakiltar jam'iyyar NP a cikin sabuwar majalisar wakilai ta kasa mai launin fata da yawa, mai hidima ga mazabar Eastern Cape . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> Bugu da kari, cikin kankanin lokacin da ya shiga cikin wa'adin majalisa, shugaba [[Nelson Mandela]] ya nada shi ya nada Dullah Omar a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa . Ya hau ofis a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1995, ya maye gurbin Chris Fismer . <ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Bayan ya murmure daga tiyata sau uku, Myburgh ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani a ranar 11 ga Maris 1996 bayan ya yi fama [[Ciwon zuciya|da bugun zuciya]] a ofishinsa da ke [[Pretoria]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |date=1996 |title=Ons onthou hulle... Adjunkminister van Justisie Gert Benjamin Myburgh |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10128743_800 |journal=Consultus |language=Afrikaans |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=35–6}}</ref> Sheila Camerer ta gaje shi a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a. <ref name=":2" /> Ya auri Annetjie Myburgh, wanda yake da 'ya'ya mata biyu tare da su. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1996]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1940]] rkemlav5136k2k1pyc9acpiuj92vbqe 550228 550226 2024-12-02T09:51:41Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Majalisar: 1977-1994 */ 550228 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Gert Benjamin Myburgh''' (13 Janairu 1940 - 11 Maris 1996) lauya ne ɗan Afirka ta Kudu kuma ɗan siyasa daga Gabashin Cape . Ya rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a daga watan Janairun 1995 har zuwa rasuwarsa a watan Maris 1996. Ya taba rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda daga 1992 zuwa 1994 kuma ya kasance wakilin jam'iyyar National Party (NP) a majalisa . Lauya ta sana'a, Myburgh ya fara aiki a Majalisa daga 1977 zuwa 1981 a matsayin wakilin Gabashin London . Ya koma Majalisar Dokoki don wakiltar mazabar [[Port Elizabeth]] daga 1987 zuwa 1994, kuma a lokacin an nada shi a gwamnatin FW de Klerk a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda. Bayan kawar da mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekarar 1994, ya ci gaba da zama dan majalisa na yau da kullun, yanzu yana cikin majalisar dokokin kasa mai yawan kabilu, har zuwa 1995, lokacin da aka nada shi mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa . == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Myburgh a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1940 a Somerset East . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa a Hoërskool Brandwag a Uitenhage a 1957, ya fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati a karamar hukuma, na farko a Uitenhage sannan a [[Port Elizabeth]] . A lokaci guda, ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu]], inda ya kammala BA a 1969 da LLB a 1974. <ref name=":0" /> Ya kammala aikin lauyansa a Burman, Blumberg da Saks a Port Elizabeth kuma an shigar da shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara na Bar Cape Bar a 1975. <ref name=":0" /> == Aikin majalisa == === Majalisar: 1977-1994 === An fara zaben Myburgh a matsayin dan majalisa a 1977 a matsayin wakilin NP a Gabashin London . Ya bar kujerarsa a 1981, amma ya dawo a babban zaben 1987, yanzu ya koma mazabar Port Elizabeth ta Arewa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> A cikin 1989, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin hadin gwiwa kan shari'a na majalisar . <ref name=":0" /> A wannan lokacin, ya kasance memba na tawagar NP a shawarwarin kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata, kuma ya yi aiki a rukunin aiki na 1 a Convention for Democratic Africa ta Kudu . <ref name=":0" /> <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Aranar 17 ga Agusta 1992, Shugaba FW de Klerk ya nada Myburgh a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Shari'a da oda. Ya rike wannan matsayi har sai da aka maye gurbin gwamnatin wariyar launin fata a 1994. === Majalisar Kasa: 1994-1996 === A babban zaɓe na 1994, wanda shine na farko a Afirka ta Kudu a ƙarƙashin zaɓe na duniya, an zaɓi Myburgh don wakiltar jam'iyyar NP a cikin sabuwar majalisar wakilai ta kasa mai launin fata da yawa, mai hidima ga mazabar Eastern Cape . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> Bugu da kari, cikin kankanin lokacin da ya shiga cikin wa'adin majalisa, shugaba [[Nelson Mandela]] ya nada shi ya nada Dullah Omar a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa . Ya hau ofis a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1995, ya maye gurbin Chris Fismer . <ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Bayan ya murmure daga tiyata sau uku, Myburgh ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani a ranar 11 ga Maris 1996 bayan ya yi fama [[Ciwon zuciya|da bugun zuciya]] a ofishinsa da ke [[Pretoria]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |date=1996 |title=Ons onthou hulle... Adjunkminister van Justisie Gert Benjamin Myburgh |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10128743_800 |journal=Consultus |language=Afrikaans |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=35–6}}</ref> Sheila Camerer ta gaje shi a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a. <ref name=":2" /> Ya auri Annetjie Myburgh, wanda yake da 'ya'ya mata biyu tare da su. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1996]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1940]] dv5itn18o2eibrhcxvknnf0lctbawsj 550229 550228 2024-12-02T09:52:12Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 550229 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Gert Benjamin Myburgh''' (13 Janairu 1940 - 11 Maris 1996) lauya ne ɗan Afirka ta Kudu kuma ɗan siyasa daga Gabashin Cape . Ya rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a daga watan Janairun 1995 har zuwa rasuwarsa a watan Maris 1996. Ya taba rike mukamin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda daga 1992 zuwa 1994 kuma ya kasance wakilin jam'iyyar National Party (NP) a majalisa .<ref> name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}</ref> Lauya ta sana'a, Myburgh ya fara aiki a Majalisa daga 1977 zuwa 1981 a matsayin wakilin Gabashin London . Ya koma Majalisar Dokoki don wakiltar mazabar [[Port Elizabeth]] daga 1987 zuwa 1994, kuma a lokacin an nada shi a gwamnatin FW de Klerk a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a da oda. Bayan kawar da mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekarar 1994, ya ci gaba da zama dan majalisa na yau da kullun, yanzu yana cikin majalisar dokokin kasa mai yawan kabilu, har zuwa 1995, lokacin da aka nada shi mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa .<ref> name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Myburgh a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1940 a Somerset East . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}</ref> Bayan kammala karatunsa a Hoërskool Brandwag a Uitenhage a 1957, ya fara aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati a karamar hukuma, na farko a Uitenhage sannan a [[Port Elizabeth]] . A lokaci guda, ya yi karatu a [[Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu]], inda ya kammala BA a 1969 da LLB a 1974. <ref name=":0" /> Ya kammala aikin lauyansa a Burman, Blumberg da Saks a Port Elizabeth kuma an shigar da shi a matsayin mai ba da shawara na Bar Cape Bar a 1975. <ref name=":0" /> == Aikin majalisa == === Majalisar: 1977-1994 === An fara zaben Myburgh a matsayin dan majalisa a 1977 a matsayin wakilin NP a Gabashin London . Ya bar kujerarsa a 1981, amma ya dawo a babban zaben 1987, yanzu ya koma mazabar Port Elizabeth ta Arewa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> A cikin 1989, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin hadin gwiwa kan shari'a na majalisar . <ref name=":0" /> A wannan lokacin, ya kasance memba na tawagar NP a shawarwarin kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata, kuma ya yi aiki a rukunin aiki na 1 a Convention for Democratic Africa ta Kudu . <ref name=":0" /> <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Aranar 17 ga Agusta 1992, Shugaba FW de Klerk ya nada Myburgh a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Shari'a da oda. Ya rike wannan matsayi har sai da aka maye gurbin gwamnatin wariyar launin fata a 1994. === Majalisar Kasa: 1994-1996 === A babban zaɓe na 1994, wanda shine na farko a Afirka ta Kudu a ƙarƙashin zaɓe na duniya, an zaɓi Myburgh don wakiltar jam'iyyar NP a cikin sabuwar majalisar wakilai ta kasa mai launin fata da yawa, mai hidima ga mazabar Eastern Cape . <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995-04-01 |title=Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 |journal=Advocate |language=Afrikaans |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=11}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/AJA10128743_162 "Nuwe Adjunkminister van Justisie"]. ''Advocate'' (in Afrikaans). '''8''' (1): 11. 1 April 1995.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> Bugu da kari, cikin kankanin lokacin da ya shiga cikin wa'adin majalisa, shugaba [[Nelson Mandela]] ya nada shi ya nada Dullah Omar a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a a gwamnatin hadin kan kasa . Ya hau ofis a ranar 13 ga Janairu 1995, ya maye gurbin Chris Fismer . <ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Bayan ya murmure daga tiyata sau uku, Myburgh ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani a ranar 11 ga Maris 1996 bayan ya yi fama [[Ciwon zuciya|da bugun zuciya]] a ofishinsa da ke [[Pretoria]] . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |date=1996 |title=Ons onthou hulle... Adjunkminister van Justisie Gert Benjamin Myburgh |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA10128743_800 |journal=Consultus |language=Afrikaans |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=35–6}}</ref> Sheila Camerer ta gaje shi a matsayin mataimakin ministan shari'a. <ref name=":2" /> Ya auri Annetjie Myburgh, wanda yake da 'ya'ya mata biyu tare da su. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=11 March 1996 |title=Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/7ac363e95d969d355ceefec02a4414a5 "Deputy Justice Minister Dies of Heart Attack"]. ''AP News''. 11 March 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1996]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1940]] nbmi7nmxhnxhx3uiefefps1x01hoymj 0 88418 550231 2024-12-02T09:55:17Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259451142|Collins Ramusi]]" 550231 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Molars Rene Collins Ramusi''' (ya rasu a watan Yuni 1996) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne kuma lauya wanda ya wakilci jam'iyyar ANC a majalisar dokokin ƙasar daga 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 1996. Ya taba zama fitaccen dan siyasa a Lebowa, inda ya kasance ministan harkokin cikin gida . == Rayuwar farko da aiki == Ramusi ya kasance BaTlokwa daga Arewacin Transvaal, ko da yake ya ƙaura zuwa [[Pretoria]] a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa don neman aiki. Ya horar da shi a matsayin ma'aikacin zamantakewa amma daga baya ya cancanci zama lauya, yana samun shiga Kotun Koli na Afirka ta Kudu a 1964. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 September 2009 |title=Soweto My Love by Collins Ramusi |url=http://dinkwe.bookslive.co.za/blog/2009/09/29/soweto-my-love-by-collins-ramusi/ |access-date=2023-05-26 |website=Sunday Times |language=en-US}}</ref> == Sana'ar siyasa == === Lebowa === Tsohon memba na Majalisar Pan Africanist Congress mai adawa da wariyar launin fata, Ramusi ya shiga cikin siyasar cikin gida na Bantustan na Lebowa a cikin 1970s. Ko da yake wannan tsari na shiga ba shi da farin jini a tsakanin masu adawa da wariyar launin fata na lokacin, ya bayyana dalilinsa a cikin 1973, yana mai kira ga taron daliban da suka kammala karatu a [[Jami'ar Limpopo|Turfloop]] su shiga cikin bantustans:<blockquote>Ina kira gare ku da ku kasance cikin shiri don yi wa jama'a hidima ba bisa ka'ida ba, amma a aikace saboda mutane suna shan wahala. Suna buƙatar likitoci, tufafi da abinci. Babu ruwansu da kyar. [...] Za ku iya guje wa jama'a idan kuna so, amma ba ku da ikon hana taimaka mana, duk da cewa wannan kasuwancin na gida yana da kunya ta yadda masu ilimi suna da wuya su motsa cikin 'yanci da mutunci. Amma me za mu iya yi? </blockquote>Ramusi ya yi amfani da dandalinsa a Lebowa wajen yin kira da a saki fursunonin siyasa, da kuma yin jayayya da bai wa 'yan bantu 'yancin kai na musamman, yana mai cewa a wani lokaci, "Lebowa ta yi imani da 'yanci a matsayin 'yan Afirka ta Kudu ba a matsayin 'yan Lebowa ba". Shi ne ministan harkokin cikin gida na Lebowa a karkashin babban minista Cedric Phatudi, sannan kuma ya nada Phatudi a matsayin mataimakin shugaban jam'iyyar siyasa daya tilo ta Bantustan, Lebowa People's Party. Bayan da Phatudi ya sauke shi a matsayin minista, jam’iyyar ta samu rarrabuwar kawuna na dan lokaci a rikicin mulki tsakanin Phatudi da Ramusi, har sai da Ramusi ya yi gudun hijira a Amurka. === gudun hijira da majalisa === Yayin da yake gudun hijira, Ramusi ya rubuta tarihinsa tare da Ruth S. Turner; Holt ne ya buga su a cikin 1989 a ƙarƙashin taken Soweto, Ƙaunata. A cikin littafin, ya yi jayayya da goyon bayan tashin hankali da adawa da wariyar launin fata. Shekaru biyar bayan haka, a zaben farko da aka yi a Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekara ta 1994, an zabi Ramusi a matsayin wakilin jam'iyyar ANC a sabuwar majalisar dokokin kasar mai kabilu daban-daban. Ya mutu sakamakon [[Ciwon zuciya|bugun zuciya]] a watan Yulin 1996 yayin da yake hidima a kan kujera. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Matar Ramusi ta farko ita ce Thabo Mary Jane Morare, ƙwararriyar ma'aikaciyar jinya, wadda ta haifi 'ya'ya uku: Selaelo, Sekgweng, da Mothibi. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=1 March 2012 |title=Selaelo Charles 'Dan' Ramusi |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/selaelo-charles-dan-ramusi |access-date=2023-05-26 |website=South African History Online}}</ref> Selaelo ya shiga [[Umkhonto we Sizwe]] kuma ya mutu a kurkuku a 1979; Ramusi yana gudun hijira a lokacin kuma an hana shi shiga Afirka ta Kudu domin binne shi. <ref name=":3" /> Sekgweng, wanda aka fi sani da Junior, ma'aikacin gwamnati ne, mai kula da wasanni, kuma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-01 |title=Final respects for Junior Ramusi |url=https://reviewonline.co.za/509374/final-respects-for-junior-ramusi/ |access-date=2023-05-26 |website=Polokwane Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> Ramusi ta sake yin aure da Esther Ramusi, Ba’amurke daga [[Chicago]], yayin da take gudun hijira. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1996]] elnxwjyzb30l8zryim0qnnlk2il8l78 550232 550231 2024-12-02T09:55:52Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 550232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Molars Rene Collins Ramusi''' (ya rasu a watan Yuni 1996) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne kuma lauya wanda ya wakilci jam'iyyar ANC a majalisar dokokin ƙasar daga 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekarar 1996. Ya taba zama fitaccen dan siyasa a Lebowa, inda ya kasance ministan harkokin cikin gida . == Rayuwar farko da aiki == Ramusi ya kasance BaTlokwa daga Arewacin Transvaal, ko da yake ya ƙaura zuwa [[Pretoria]] a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa don neman aiki. Ya horar da shi a matsayin ma'aikacin zamantakewa amma daga baya ya cancanci zama lauya, yana samun shiga Kotun Koli na Afirka ta Kudu a 1964. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 September 2009 |title=Soweto My Love by Collins Ramusi |url=http://dinkwe.bookslive.co.za/blog/2009/09/29/soweto-my-love-by-collins-ramusi/ |access-date=2023-05-26 |website=Sunday Times |language=en-US}}</ref> == Sana'ar siyasa == === Lebowa === Tsohon memba na Majalisar Pan Africanist Congress mai adawa da wariyar launin fata, Ramusi ya shiga cikin siyasar cikin gida na Bantustan na Lebowa a cikin 1970s. Ko da yake wannan tsari na shiga ba shi da farin jini a tsakanin masu adawa da wariyar launin fata na lokacin, ya bayyana dalilinsa a cikin 1973, yana mai kira ga taron daliban da suka kammala karatu a [[Jami'ar Limpopo|Turfloop]] su shiga cikin bantustans:<blockquote>Ina kira gare ku da ku kasance cikin shiri don yi wa jama'a hidima ba bisa ka'ida ba, amma a aikace saboda mutane suna shan wahala. Suna buƙatar likitoci, tufafi da abinci. Babu ruwansu da kyar. [...] Za ku iya guje wa jama'a idan kuna so, amma ba ku da ikon hana taimaka mana, duk da cewa wannan kasuwancin na gida yana da kunya ta yadda masu ilimi suna da wuya su motsa cikin 'yanci da mutunci. Amma me za mu iya yi? </blockquote>Ramusi ya yi amfani da dandalinsa a Lebowa wajen yin kira da a saki fursunonin siyasa, da kuma yin jayayya da bai wa 'yan bantu 'yancin kai na musamman, yana mai cewa a wani lokaci, "Lebowa ta yi imani da 'yanci a matsayin 'yan Afirka ta Kudu ba a matsayin 'yan Lebowa ba". Shi ne ministan harkokin cikin gida na Lebowa a karkashin babban minista Cedric Phatudi, sannan kuma ya nada Phatudi a matsayin mataimakin shugaban jam'iyyar siyasa daya tilo ta Bantustan, Lebowa People's Party. Bayan da Phatudi ya sauke shi a matsayin minista, jam’iyyar ta samu rarrabuwar kawuna na dan lokaci a rikicin mulki tsakanin Phatudi da Ramusi, har sai da Ramusi ya yi gudun hijira a Amurka. === gudun hijira da majalisa === Yayin da yake gudun hijira, Ramusi ya rubuta tarihinsa tare da Ruth S. Turner; Holt ne ya buga su a cikin 1989 a ƙarƙashin taken Soweto, Ƙaunata. A cikin littafin, ya yi jayayya da goyon bayan tashin hankali da adawa da wariyar launin fata. Shekaru biyar bayan haka, a zaben farko da aka yi a Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekara ta 1994, an zabi Ramusi a matsayin wakilin jam'iyyar ANC a sabuwar majalisar dokokin kasar mai kabilu daban-daban. Ya mutu sakamakon [[Ciwon zuciya|bugun zuciya]] a watan Yulin 1996 yayin da yake hidima a kan kujera. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Matar Ramusi ta farko ita ce Thabo Mary Jane Morare, ƙwararriyar ma'aikaciyar jinya, wadda ta haifi 'ya'ya uku: Selaelo, Sekgweng, da Mothibi. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=1 March 2012 |title=Selaelo Charles 'Dan' Ramusi |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/selaelo-charles-dan-ramusi |access-date=2023-05-26 |website=South African History Online}}</ref> Selaelo ya shiga [[Umkhonto we Sizwe]] kuma ya mutu a kurkuku a 1979; Ramusi yana gudun hijira a lokacin kuma an hana shi shiga Afirka ta Kudu domin binne shi. <ref name=":3" /> Sekgweng, wanda aka fi sani da Junior, ma'aikacin gwamnati ne, mai kula da wasanni, kuma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-01 |title=Final respects for Junior Ramusi |url=https://reviewonline.co.za/509374/final-respects-for-junior-ramusi/ |access-date=2023-05-26 |website=Polokwane Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> Ramusi ta sake yin aure da Esther Ramusi, Ba’amurke daga [[Chicago]], yayin da take gudun hijira. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1996]] dsf1sunjl4yg8wi3w8uk9oagf0dpaxc 0 88419 550236 2024-12-02T09:57:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 550236 wikitext text/x-wiki Shugaba mai barin gado Harry S. Truman, shugaban kasar Amurka na 33 ne ya gabatar da jawabin Jiha a watan Janairun 1953, a ranar Laraba 7 ga Janairu, 1953, ga majalisun biyu na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ta 83 a rubuce. Truman bai gabatar da wannan a matsayin jawabi ba a gaban taron hadin gwiwa na Majalisa.<ref>Truman, Harry S. (January 7, 1953). "Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 14, 2024</ref> Adireshin da aka rubuta ya ƙunshi kalmomi 9,683.<ref>Peters, Gerhard. "Length of State of the Union Messages and Addresses in Words". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 11, 2024</ref> Wannan jawabin yayi aiki yadda ya kamata a matsayin jawabin bankwana ga Truman tun lokacin, maimakon ba da shawarar doka don Majalisa ta yi la'akari da shi, Truman ya yi la'akari da abubuwan da suka gabata na gwamnatinsa: Gabatar da shirin majalisa ya dogara da magajina yadda ya kamata, ba a gare ni ba, kuma ba zan saba wa alhakinsa na tsara tsarin gaba ba. A maimakon haka, ina so in yi magana game da kwas din da muka yi shekaru takwas da suka gabata da matsayin da muka kai<ref>Truman, Harry S. (January 7, 1953). "Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 14, 2024</ref>. == Manazarta == omdxd3h3qrwrwx6hk0utv4fzfpboz8t 550237 550236 2024-12-02T09:58:15Z Pharouqenr 25549 550237 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Shugaba mai barin gado Harry S. Truman, shugaban kasar Amurka na 33 ne ya gabatar da jawabin Jiha a watan Janairun 1953, a ranar Laraba 7 ga Janairu, 1953, ga majalisun biyu na Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ta 83 a rubuce. Truman bai gabatar da wannan a matsayin jawabi ba a gaban taron hadin gwiwa na Majalisa.<ref>Truman, Harry S. (January 7, 1953). "Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 14, 2024</ref> Adireshin da aka rubuta ya ƙunshi kalmomi 9,683.<ref>Peters, Gerhard. "Length of State of the Union Messages and Addresses in Words". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 11, 2024</ref> Wannan jawabin yayi aiki yadda ya kamata a matsayin jawabin bankwana ga Truman tun lokacin, maimakon ba da shawarar doka don Majalisa ta yi la'akari da shi, Truman ya yi la'akari da abubuwan da suka gabata na gwamnatinsa: Gabatar da shirin majalisa ya dogara da magajina yadda ya kamata, ba a gare ni ba, kuma ba zan saba wa alhakinsa na tsara tsarin gaba ba. A maimakon haka, ina so in yi magana game da kwas din da muka yi shekaru takwas da suka gabata da matsayin da muka kai<ref>Truman, Harry S. (January 7, 1953). "Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 14, 2024</ref>. == Manazarta == fbjrlwc69v2i7ntbt0hs8d2qo9iomat 0 88420 550239 2024-12-02T09:59:48Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259451398|Arrie van Rensburg]]" 550239 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham A babban zaɓe na 1994, zaɓen farko na kabilanci a Afirka ta Kudu, an zaɓi van Rensburg don wakiltar tsohuwar jam'iyyar gwamnati, jam'iyyar National Party, a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa, 'yan majalisa na sabuwar majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu . [1] [2] Ya kasance a wurin zamansa har mutuwarsa. [3] Paul Janse "Arrie" van Rensburg''' (5 Oktoba 1929 - 2 Afrilu 1998) ɗan Afirka ta Kudu ɗan tarihi ne kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya wakilci jam'iyyar National Party (NP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1998. Ya kasance abokin farfesa a tarihi a [[Jami'ar Pretoria]] har zuwa 1989, lokacin da ya zama manomi a cikin Orange Free State ; ya shiga siyasa gabanin babban zaben 1994 . == Rayuwar farko da aikin ilimi == An haifi Van Rensburg a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 1929 a Lindley a tsohuwar Jihar Orange . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}</ref> Ya kammala karatun digiri na farko da na biyu a [[Jami'ar Free State]] a 1949 da 1951 bi da bi. A 1952, ya kammala digiri na koyarwa. <ref name=":2" /> Bayan ya yi aiki a kan ma'aikatan edita na ''Volksblad'' daga 1953 zuwa 1954, ya koyar a makarantar sakandare a Baitalami daga 1955 zuwa 1962. <ref name=":2" /> A shekarar 1963, an nada shi malami a fannin tarihi a Jami’ar Free State, inda ya kammala digirinsa na uku a tarihi a shekara mai zuwa; Dissertation nasa tarihin tattalin arziki ne na [[Al'ummar Afrikaner|Afrikaners]] a cikin Kogin Orange Colony daga 1902 zuwa 1907. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> Ya bar Jihar Free don yin lacca a [[Jami'ar Yammacin Cape|Jami'ar Western Cape]] daga 1968 zuwa 1969 sannan a [[Jami'ar Pretoria]] daga baya. An ba shi mukamin mataimakin farfesa a 1978 amma ya yi murabus a karshen 1989 don fara aikin noma a Lindley. <ref name=":2" /> == Majalisa: 1994-1998 == A babban zaɓe na 1994, zaɓen farko na kabilanci a Afirka ta Kudu, an zaɓi van Rensburg don wakiltar tsohuwar jam'iyyar gwamnati, jam'iyyar National Party, a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa, 'yan majalisa na sabuwar majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=24 May 1994 |title=Minutes of proceedings of the Constitutional Assembly |url=https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/history/MINUTES/CA24054.PDF |access-date=2 April 2023 |publisher=Department of Justice and Constitutional Development}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=1998-06-03 |title=Members of the National Assembly |url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980628034746/http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html |archive-date=1998-06-28 |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ya kasance a wurin zamansa har mutuwarsa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya auri Marée van Rensburg kuma ya haifi 'ya'ya maza uku. Ya mutu a wani hatsarin mota a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 1998. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1929]] clueflh64t9qdx6oicvmzyka8pwhhlo 550241 550239 2024-12-02T10:00:33Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 550241 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abraham Paul Janse "Arrie" van Rensburg''' (5 Oktoba 1929 - 2 Afrilu 1998) ɗan Afirka ta Kudu ɗan tarihi ne kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya wakilci jam'iyyar National Party (NP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1998. Ya kasance abokin farfesa a tarihi a [[Jami'ar Pretoria]] har zuwa 1989, lokacin da ya zama manomi a cikin Orange Free State ; ya shiga siyasa gabanin babban zaben 1994 . == Rayuwar farko da aikin ilimi == An haifi Van Rensburg a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 1929 a Lindley a tsohuwar Jihar Orange . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}</ref> Ya kammala karatun digiri na farko da na biyu a [[Jami'ar Free State]] a 1949 da 1951 bi da bi. A 1952, ya kammala digiri na koyarwa. <ref name=":2" /> Bayan ya yi aiki a kan ma'aikatan edita na ''Volksblad'' daga 1953 zuwa 1954, ya koyar a makarantar sakandare a Baitalami daga 1955 zuwa 1962. <ref name=":2" /> A shekarar 1963, an nada shi malami a fannin tarihi a Jami’ar Free State, inda ya kammala digirinsa na uku a tarihi a shekara mai zuwa; Dissertation nasa tarihin tattalin arziki ne na [[Al'ummar Afrikaner|Afrikaners]] a cikin Kogin Orange Colony daga 1902 zuwa 1907. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> Ya bar Jihar Free don yin lacca a [[Jami'ar Yammacin Cape|Jami'ar Western Cape]] daga 1968 zuwa 1969 sannan a [[Jami'ar Pretoria]] daga baya. An ba shi mukamin mataimakin farfesa a 1978 amma ya yi murabus a karshen 1989 don fara aikin noma a Lindley. <ref name=":2" /> == Majalisa: 1994-1998 == A babban zaɓe na 1994, zaɓen farko na kabilanci a Afirka ta Kudu, an zaɓi van Rensburg don wakiltar tsohuwar jam'iyyar gwamnati, jam'iyyar National Party, a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa, 'yan majalisa na sabuwar majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=24 May 1994 |title=Minutes of proceedings of the Constitutional Assembly |url=https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/history/MINUTES/CA24054.PDF |access-date=2 April 2023 |publisher=Department of Justice and Constitutional Development}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=1998-06-03 |title=Members of the National Assembly |url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980628034746/http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html |archive-date=1998-06-28 |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ya kasance a wurin zamansa har mutuwarsa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya auri Marée van Rensburg kuma ya haifi 'ya'ya maza uku. Ya mutu a wani hatsarin mota a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 1998. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1929]] 9k35f3dssnkft5zcrk6uuqitbgphhxw 550242 550241 2024-12-02T10:00:49Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 550242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abraham Paul Janse "Arrie" van Rensburg''' (5 Oktoba 1929 - 2 Afrilu 1998) ɗan Afirka ta Kudu ɗan tarihi ne kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya wakilci jam'iyyar National Party (NP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1998. Ya kasance abokin farfesa a tarihi a [[Jami'ar Pretoria]] har zuwa 1989, lokacin da ya zama manomi a cikin Orange Free State ; ya shiga siyasa gabanin babban zaben 1994 . == Rayuwar farko da aikin ilimi == An haifi Van Rensburg a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 1929 a Lindley a tsohuwar Jihar Orange . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}</ref> Ya kammala karatun digiri na farko da na biyu a [[Jami'ar Free State]] a 1949 da 1951 bi da bi. A 1952, ya kammala digiri na koyarwa. <ref name=":2" /> Bayan ya yi aiki a kan ma'aikatan edita na ''Volksblad'' daga 1953 zuwa 1954, ya koyar a makarantar sakandare a Baitalami daga 1955 zuwa 1962. <ref name=":2" /> A shekarar 1963, an nada shi malami a fannin tarihi a Jami’ar Free State, inda ya kammala digirinsa na uku a tarihi a shekara mai zuwa; Dissertation nasa tarihin tattalin arziki ne na [[Al'ummar Afrikaner|Afrikaners]] a cikin Kogin Orange Colony daga 1902 zuwa 1907. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> Ya bar Jihar Free don yin lacca a [[Jami'ar Yammacin Cape|Jami'ar Western Cape]] daga 1968 zuwa 1969 sannan a [[Jami'ar Pretoria]] daga baya. An ba shi mukamin mataimakin farfesa a 1978 amma ya yi murabus a karshen 1989 don fara aikin noma a Lindley. <ref name=":2" /> == Majalisa: 1994-1998 == A babban zaɓe na 1994, zaɓen farko na kabilanci a Afirka ta Kudu, an zaɓi van Rensburg don wakiltar tsohuwar jam'iyyar gwamnati, jam'iyyar National Party, a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa, 'yan majalisa na sabuwar majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=24 May 1994 |title=Minutes of proceedings of the Constitutional Assembly |url=https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/history/MINUTES/CA24054.PDF |access-date=2 April 2023 |publisher=Department of Justice and Constitutional Development}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=1998-06-03 |title=Members of the National Assembly |url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980628034746/http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html |archive-date=1998-06-28 |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ya kasance a wurin zamansa har mutuwarsa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya auri Marée van Rensburg kuma ya haifi 'ya'ya maza uku. Ya mutu a wani hatsarin mota a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 1998. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1929]] 3dar2ncq51qj8ommyn9glwtun88eolz 550243 550242 2024-12-02T10:01:07Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Rayuwar farko da aikin ilimi */ 550243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Abraham Paul Janse "Arrie" van Rensburg''' (5 Oktoba 1929 - 2 Afrilu 1998) ɗan Afirka ta Kudu ɗan tarihi ne kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya wakilci jam'iyyar National Party (NP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1998. Ya kasance abokin farfesa a tarihi a [[Jami'ar Pretoria]] har zuwa 1989, lokacin da ya zama manomi a cikin Orange Free State ; ya shiga siyasa gabanin babban zaben 1994 . == Rayuwar farko da aikin ilimi == An haifi Van Rensburg a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 1929 a Lindley a tsohuwar Jihar Orange . <ref> name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}</ref> Ya kammala karatun digiri na farko da na biyu a [[Jami'ar Free State]] a 1949 da 1951 bi da bi. A 1952, ya kammala digiri na koyarwa. <ref name=":2" /> Bayan ya yi aiki a kan ma'aikatan edita na ''Volksblad'' daga 1953 zuwa 1954, ya koyar a makarantar sakandare a Baitalami daga 1955 zuwa 1962. <ref name=":2" /> A shekarar 1963, an nada shi malami a fannin tarihi a Jami’ar Free State, inda ya kammala digirinsa na uku a tarihi a shekara mai zuwa; Dissertation nasa tarihin tattalin arziki ne na [[Al'ummar Afrikaner|Afrikaners]] a cikin Kogin Orange Colony daga 1902 zuwa 1907. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> Ya bar Jihar Free don yin lacca a [[Jami'ar Yammacin Cape|Jami'ar Western Cape]] daga 1968 zuwa 1969 sannan a [[Jami'ar Pretoria]] daga baya. An ba shi mukamin mataimakin farfesa a 1978 amma ya yi murabus a karshen 1989 don fara aikin noma a Lindley. <ref name=":2" /> == Majalisa: 1994-1998 == A babban zaɓe na 1994, zaɓen farko na kabilanci a Afirka ta Kudu, an zaɓi van Rensburg don wakiltar tsohuwar jam'iyyar gwamnati, jam'iyyar National Party, a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa, 'yan majalisa na sabuwar majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=24 May 1994 |title=Minutes of proceedings of the Constitutional Assembly |url=https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/history/MINUTES/CA24054.PDF |access-date=2 April 2023 |publisher=Department of Justice and Constitutional Development}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=1998-06-03 |title=Members of the National Assembly |url=http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980628034746/http://www.parliament.gov.za/mps/mps.html |archive-date=1998-06-28 |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ya kasance a wurin zamansa har mutuwarsa. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya auri Marée van Rensburg kuma ya haifi 'ya'ya maza uku. Ya mutu a wani hatsarin mota a ranar 2 ga Afrilu 1998. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Pretorius |first=Fransjohan |date=1 May 1998 |title=A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid |url=https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37914 |journal=Historia |language=Afrikaans |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=6 |access-date=22 April 2023}}<cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPretorius1998">Pretorius, Fransjohan (1 May 1998). [[hdl:10520/EJC37914|"A.P.J. (Arrie) van Rensburg: dosent en verteller by uitnemendheid"]]. ''Historia'' (in Afrikaans). '''43''' (1): 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite> [[Category:CS1 Afrikaans-language sources (af)]]</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1929]] kzf3xtl6xbn7g3yrovo8qrgxjzfg0wv 0 88421 550244 2024-12-02T10:03:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 Kirkirar sabuwar mukala 550244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Morad Ali-ye Sofla''' (Farisi: مرادعلي سفلي, kuma Romanized as Morād 'Alī-ye Soflá da Morād'Alī-ye Soflá)<ref>Morad Ali-ye Sofla can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3812368" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database</ref> ƙauye ne a gundumar Torkaman Rural, a cikin Tsakiyar gundumar Urmia, Lardin Azerbaijan ta Yamma. , Iran. A ƙidayar 2006, yawanta ya kai 143, a cikin iyalai 42.<ref>"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original on 2011-09-20</ref> == Manazarta == cgnb0tvp1pc17kidvmqvm7ib5a0yjth 0 88422 550245 2024-12-02T10:06:08Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259450233|Archie Gumede]]" 550245 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Archibald Jacob Gumede''' OLS (1914-1998) ɗan gwagwarmayar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata ne na Afirka ta Kudu, lauya kuma ɗan siyasa. An haifi Gumede a Pietermaritzburg ga Josiah Tshangana Gumede, tsohon shugaban majalisar wakilai na Afirka . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Brown |last2=John Aitchison |date=5 November 2009 |title=Opposing apartheid in the Pietermaritzburg region |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/Maritzburg%20against%20apartheid.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref> Archie Gumede ya jagoranci wakilan Natal a 1955 Congress of People a Kliptown lokacin da aka rubuta [[Yarjejeniya ta ƴanci|Yarjejeniya ta 'Yanci]] . Daga baya ya zama lauya kuma ya yi aiki a Pietermaritzburg. Ya kasance jagora a cikin United Democratic Front, gamayyar kungiyoyin da ke neman kawo karshen wariyar launin fata. Bayan kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekarar 1994, Gumede ya zama dan majalisar dokokin kasar Afrika ta Kudu kafin ya rasu a shekarar 1998. <ref>[http://www.shadowsofjustice.co.za/webpages/liberationhistoryfoundation/BABAARCHIE.htm DEDICATION TO BABA ARCHIE GUMEDE]{{Dead link|date=October 2016}} Shadows of Justice</ref> == Duba kuma == Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1914]] l7gazojrq2xyib97o2pnuuvn84m5668 550246 550245 2024-12-02T10:06:32Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 550246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Archibald Jacob Gumede''' OLS (1914-1998) ɗan gwagwarmayar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata ne na Afirka ta Kudu, lauya kuma ɗan siyasa. An haifi Gumede a Pietermaritzburg ga Josiah Tshangana Gumede, tsohon shugaban majalisar wakilai na Afirka . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Brown |last2=John Aitchison |date=5 November 2009 |title=Opposing apartheid in the Pietermaritzburg region |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/Maritzburg%20against%20apartheid.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref> Archie Gumede ya jagoranci wakilan Natal a 1955 Congress of People a Kliptown lokacin da aka rubuta [[Yarjejeniya ta ƴanci|Yarjejeniya ta 'Yanci]] . Daga baya ya zama lauya kuma ya yi aiki a Pietermaritzburg. Ya kasance jagora a cikin United Democratic Front, gamayyar kungiyoyin da ke neman kawo karshen wariyar launin fata. Bayan kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekarar 1994, Gumede ya zama dan majalisar dokokin kasar Afrika ta Kudu kafin ya rasu a shekarar 1998. <ref>[http://www.shadowsofjustice.co.za/webpages/liberationhistoryfoundation/BABAARCHIE.htm DEDICATION TO BABA ARCHIE GUMEDE]{{Dead link|date=October 2016}} Shadows of Justice</ref> == Duba kuma == Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1914]] 2k52zdpmcvjztc872oekok6cb08upxn 0 88423 550248 2024-12-02T10:08:53Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1186480824|First Lady of Kaduna State]]" 550248 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci Uwargidan Shugaban Jihar Kaduna''' mai ba da shawara ce ga [[Gwamnan jihar Kaduna|Gwamnan Jihar Kaduna]], kuma sau da yawa tana taka rawa a cikin fafutukar zamantakewa. Matsayin a al'ada ne matar gwamnan [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]] ke rike da shi, tare da wa'adin mulkinsa, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hadiza El-Rufai (First Lady, Kaduna State) speak on her husband winning second term |url=http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x77r0ee |access-date=12 June 2019 |website=Vanguard Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kaduna First Lady, Hadiza El-Rufai's inspiring words |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/ |access-date=13 June 2015 |website=This DayLive}}</ref> kodayake Kundin [[Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Najeriya|Tsarin Mulki na Najeriya]] bai amince da ofishin uwargidan Shugaban kasa ba. <ref> {{Cite web |title=Who becomes Nigeria's first lady: extrovert patience or introvert Aisha? |url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/who-becomes-nigerias-first-lady-extrovert-patience-or-introvert-aisha/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421225324/http://www.punchng.com/feature/who-becomes-nigerias-first-lady-extrovert-patience-or-introvert-aisha/ |archive-date=21 April 2015 |access-date=19 April 2015 |website=The Punch - Nigeria's Most Widely Read Newspaper}} </ref> Uwargidan shugaban kasa ta yanzu ita ce [[Hafsat Uba Sani]] . == Mata na farko == Uwargidan shugaban kasa ta yanzu ta jihar Kaduna wacce ita ce matar [[Gwamnan jihar Kaduna|gwamna]] tun daga 29 ga Mayu 2023 kuma ita ce [[Hafsat Uba Sani]] . A halin yanzu, akwai tsoffin mata biyar masu rai tun 1999 lokacin da aka dawo da mulkin dimokuradiyya a Najeriya: Hajiya Asma'u Muhammad Makarfi (1999-2007), Hajiya Amina Namadi Sambo (2007-2010), Mrs Patrick Yakowa (2010-2012), Hajiya Fatima Ramalan Yero (2012-2015), Hajiya [[Hadiza Isma El-Rufai]] (2015-2023). == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] frzyr6nwq4dgyf74lrjgc5007qt7q6y 550249 550248 2024-12-02T10:09:25Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Uwargidan Shugaban Jihar Kaduna''' mai ba da shawara ce ga [[Gwamnan jihar Kaduna|Gwamnan Jihar Kaduna]], kuma sau da yawa tana taka rawa a cikin fafutukar zamantakewa. Matsayin a al'ada ne matar gwamnan [[Kaduna (jiha)|Jihar Kaduna]] ke rike da shi, tare da wa'adin mulkinsa, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hadiza El-Rufai (First Lady, Kaduna State) speak on her husband winning second term |url=http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x77r0ee |access-date=12 June 2019 |website=Vanguard Nigeria}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kaduna First Lady, Hadiza El-Rufai's inspiring words |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/ |access-date=13 June 2015 |website=This DayLive}}</ref> kodayake Kundin [[Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Najeriya|Tsarin Mulki na Najeriya]] bai amince da ofishin uwargidan Shugaban kasa ba. <ref> {{Cite web |title=Who becomes Nigeria's first lady: extrovert patience or introvert Aisha? |url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/who-becomes-nigerias-first-lady-extrovert-patience-or-introvert-aisha/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421225324/http://www.punchng.com/feature/who-becomes-nigerias-first-lady-extrovert-patience-or-introvert-aisha/ |archive-date=21 April 2015 |access-date=19 April 2015 |website=The Punch - Nigeria's Most Widely Read Newspaper}} </ref> Uwargidan shugaban kasa ta yanzu ita ce [[Hafsat Uba Sani]] . == Mata na farko == Uwargidan shugaban kasa ta yanzu ta jihar Kaduna wacce ita ce matar [[Gwamnan jihar Kaduna|gwamna]] tun daga 29 ga Mayu 2023 kuma ita ce [[Hafsat Uba Sani]] . A halin yanzu, akwai tsoffin mata biyar masu rai tun 1999 lokacin da aka dawo da mulkin dimokuradiyya a Najeriya: Hajiya Asma'u Muhammad Makarfi (1999-2007), Hajiya Amina Namadi Sambo (2007-2010), Mrs Patrick Yakowa (2010-2012), Hajiya Fatima Ramalan Yero (2012-2015), Hajiya [[Hadiza Isma El-Rufai]] (2015-2023). == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] nxbxdime4xqv2h93t7r7vilj1vds2kb 0 88424 550250 2024-12-02T10:13:39Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1140523065|S.G. Ikoku]]" 550250 wikitext text/x-wiki Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a Mazi '''Samuel Goomsu Ikoku''' dan kungiyar kwadago ne kuma dan siyasa a Najeriya. A matsayinsa na dalibi a Jami'ar Southampton, Ikoku ya goyi bayan yunkurin 'yancin Najeriya, yana rubuta labaran da West African Pilot ya buga. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga ƙungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na ƙungiyar 'yancin kai, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya ta jagoranci [[Michael Imoudu]] kuma daga baya ya kafa Jam'iyyar United Working People's Party a shekarar 1952. <ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> Bayan shekara guda, an rushe jam'iyyar a hukumance, gwamnati ta yi hakan bayan ta sanya kungiyar a matsayin mai tayar da kayar baya da kwaminisanci. Ikoku daga baya ya fara dangantaka da Action Group (AG) wanda ya mamaye mafi yawan [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta farko|Jamhuriyar Farko]]. <ref name="azinge" /> Ikoku wani lokacin yana magana a kan batutuwan kasa tare da gaskiya, wannan salon ya haifar da cewa tsohon Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Sam Momah ya kira shi mutum ne mai rikitarwa. == Rayuwa == An haife shi ga [[Alvan Ikoku]] daga [[Arochukwu|Arochuku]] da Grace Ikoku daga [[Kalaba|Calabar]] . Ikoku ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Achimota kuma daga baya ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Jami'ar, Southampton . Da farko a 1946, Ikoku ya nuna sha'awar yunkurin samun 'yancin kai karkashin jagorancin [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] . Ya fara rubuta labarai a cikin Azikiwe's West African Pilot yana sukar Majalisar Dokoki, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance memba da aka zaba, yana jayayya da majalisa a matsayin gwamnati da aka ɗora kuma yana daidaitawa da ra'ayoyin Azikiwe game da 'yancin kai nan take. Yayinda yake karatu ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba Eileen. Ya koma Najeriya a 1949 kuma ya shiga aikin gwamnati, a wannan lokacin, ya ɗauki matsayin mai ba da shawara tare da kungiyoyin kwadago a kasar. Ya bar aikin gwamnati a shekara ta 1951, don ya ba da lokacinsa don yin aiki ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya wacce ke neman alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya. Ikoku ya kuma shiga ƙungiyar matasa masu zaman kansu don kafa ƙungiyar siyasa ta ɗan gajeren lokaci, United Working People's Party, <ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> mai zaman kanta daga fitattun mutane. A wannan lokacin, ya fara buga mujallar tare da editocin da ke tallafawa ra'ayoyin Stalinist. Dukkanin mujallar da takarda sun rushe ta hukumomin mulkin mallaka. A cikin shekarun 1950, Ikoku ya shiga daya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun lokacin da ya zama memba na Action Group wanda a lokacin yana da tsarin tsari mai karfi.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> Nan da nan aka ba Ikoku matsayin sakataren shirya. A shekara ta 1957, ya lashe zaben majalisar dokokin yanki, a cikin majalisa ya wakilci AG kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban adawa. A lokacin kamfen ɗin da ya gabata kafin zaben, mahaifin Ikoku yana takara a wannan kujerar a ƙarƙashin [[United National Independence Party (Nigeria)|Jam'iyyar United National Independent Party]] . Ikoku ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar gurguzu ta Action Group. Wannan bangare ya mayar da hankali kan akidar a matsayin kayan aikin kamfen na siyasa da kuma gaskatawa da mulkin mallaka a matsayin haɗari mai gaggawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ayoade |first=John A. A. |date=1985 |title=Party and Ideology in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Action Group |journal=Journal of Black Studies |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=169–188 |doi=10.1177/002193478501600204 |jstor=2784260 |s2cid=143713316}}</ref> a cikin 1960, jam'iyyar ta karɓi tsarin zamantakewar dimokuradiyya a matsayin ra'ayi amma shugabancin jam'iyyar na ƙasa da Firayim Minista na Yammacin sun jingina ga jari-hujja.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1962, ya yi tafiya zuwa Ghana, kwanaki kafin rikicin bangarori ya mamaye Majalisar Dokokin Yammacin Yamma wanda ya haifar da yanayin gaggawa. Daga baya aka tuhumi wasu 'yan kungiyar Action Group da cin amana. A Ghana, Ikoku ta shirya reshe na jam'iyyar kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malami a Cibiyar Ilimin Ideological ta Nkrumah kuma a matsayin edita ga mujallar Spark, wanda aka buga a Ghana.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> A lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, Ikoku bai goyi bayan rabuwa ba. An tsare shi na ɗan lokaci bayan ya dawo daga Ghana amma daga baya aka nada shi kwamishinan ci gaban tattalin arziki kuma daga baya Lafiya a Gabashin Tsakiya. Ikoku ya rabu da tsoffin mambobin Action Group kuma ya shiga jam'iyyar [[Aminu Kano]]'s People's Redemption Party a lokacin Jamhuriyar Biyu. An nada shi Sakatare Janar na jam'iyyar, wanda ya yi imani da 'yancin talakawa. Ya kasance abokin takarar Aminu Kano a zaben shugaban kasa na 1979 wanda Shehu Shagari ya lashe. Koyaya, farawa a lokacin da jamhuriya ta ɓace, Ikoku ya fara ƙaura daga ra'ayoyin gurguzu. Ya bar PRP kuma ya zama mai ba da shawara ga [[Shehu Shagari]] na Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria . <ref name="ige" /> Ya yi magana game da fadada rawar da sojoji ke takawa a harkokin siyasa na Najeriya a lokacin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kwamitin aiwatar da sauyawa a lokacin mulkin [[Sani Abacha]]. A matsayinsa na mataimakin shugaban, Ikoku ya yi jayayya cewa Abacha yana da 'yancin cin nasara idan jam'iyyun siyasa sun amince da tsara shi a matsayin dan takarar shugaban kasa. Ya mutu a shekara ta 1997. Ikoku shi ne mahaifin [[Patti Boulaye]] . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] c76be6jwwxuggi5e8kqjugou74erowx 550251 550250 2024-12-02T10:14:52Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox }} '''Mazi Samuel Goomsu Ikoku''' dan kungiyar kwadago ne kuma dan siyasa a Najeriya. A matsayinsa na dalibi a Jami'ar Southampton, Ikoku ya goyi bayan yunkurin 'yancin Najeriya, yana rubuta labaran da West African Pilot ya buga. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga ƙungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na ƙungiyar 'yancin kai, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya ta jagoranci [[Michael Imoudu]] kuma daga baya ya kafa Jam'iyyar United Working People's Party a shekarar 1952. <ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> Bayan shekara guda, an rushe jam'iyyar a hukumance, gwamnati ta yi hakan bayan ta sanya kungiyar a matsayin mai tayar da kayar baya da kwaminisanci. Ikoku daga baya ya fara dangantaka da Action Group (AG) wanda ya mamaye mafi yawan [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta farko|Jamhuriyar Farko]]. <ref name="azinge" /> Ikoku wani lokacin yana magana a kan batutuwan kasa tare da gaskiya, wannan salon ya haifar da cewa tsohon Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Sam Momah ya kira shi mutum ne mai rikitarwa. == Rayuwa == An haife shi ga [[Alvan Ikoku]] daga [[Arochukwu|Arochuku]] da Grace Ikoku daga [[Kalaba|Calabar]] . Ikoku ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Achimota kuma daga baya ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Jami'ar, Southampton . Da farko a 1946, Ikoku ya nuna sha'awar yunkurin samun 'yancin kai karkashin jagorancin [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] . Ya fara rubuta labarai a cikin Azikiwe's West African Pilot yana sukar Majalisar Dokoki, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance memba da aka zaba, yana jayayya da majalisa a matsayin gwamnati da aka ɗora kuma yana daidaitawa da ra'ayoyin Azikiwe game da 'yancin kai nan take. Yayinda yake karatu ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba Eileen. Ya koma Najeriya a 1949 kuma ya shiga aikin gwamnati, a wannan lokacin, ya ɗauki matsayin mai ba da shawara tare da kungiyoyin kwadago a kasar. Ya bar aikin gwamnati a shekara ta 1951, don ya ba da lokacinsa don yin aiki ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya wacce ke neman alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya. Ikoku ya kuma shiga ƙungiyar matasa masu zaman kansu don kafa ƙungiyar siyasa ta ɗan gajeren lokaci, United Working People's Party, <ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> mai zaman kanta daga fitattun mutane. A wannan lokacin, ya fara buga mujallar tare da editocin da ke tallafawa ra'ayoyin Stalinist. Dukkanin mujallar da takarda sun rushe ta hukumomin mulkin mallaka. A cikin shekarun 1950, Ikoku ya shiga daya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun lokacin da ya zama memba na Action Group wanda a lokacin yana da tsarin tsari mai karfi.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> Nan da nan aka ba Ikoku matsayin sakataren shirya. A shekara ta 1957, ya lashe zaben majalisar dokokin yanki, a cikin majalisa ya wakilci AG kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban adawa. A lokacin kamfen ɗin da ya gabata kafin zaben, mahaifin Ikoku yana takara a wannan kujerar a ƙarƙashin [[United National Independence Party (Nigeria)|Jam'iyyar United National Independent Party]] . Ikoku ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar gurguzu ta Action Group. Wannan bangare ya mayar da hankali kan akidar a matsayin kayan aikin kamfen na siyasa da kuma gaskatawa da mulkin mallaka a matsayin haɗari mai gaggawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ayoade |first=John A. A. |date=1985 |title=Party and Ideology in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Action Group |journal=Journal of Black Studies |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=169–188 |doi=10.1177/002193478501600204 |jstor=2784260 |s2cid=143713316}}</ref> a cikin 1960, jam'iyyar ta karɓi tsarin zamantakewar dimokuradiyya a matsayin ra'ayi amma shugabancin jam'iyyar na ƙasa da Firayim Minista na Yammacin sun jingina ga jari-hujja.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1962, ya yi tafiya zuwa Ghana, kwanaki kafin rikicin bangarori ya mamaye Majalisar Dokokin Yammacin Yamma wanda ya haifar da yanayin gaggawa. Daga baya aka tuhumi wasu 'yan kungiyar Action Group da cin amana. A Ghana, Ikoku ta shirya reshe na jam'iyyar kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malami a Cibiyar Ilimin Ideological ta Nkrumah kuma a matsayin edita ga mujallar Spark, wanda aka buga a Ghana.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> A lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, Ikoku bai goyi bayan rabuwa ba. An tsare shi na ɗan lokaci bayan ya dawo daga Ghana amma daga baya aka nada shi kwamishinan ci gaban tattalin arziki kuma daga baya Lafiya a Gabashin Tsakiya. Ikoku ya rabu da tsoffin mambobin Action Group kuma ya shiga jam'iyyar [[Aminu Kano]]'s People's Redemption Party a lokacin Jamhuriyar Biyu. An nada shi Sakatare Janar na jam'iyyar, wanda ya yi imani da 'yancin talakawa. Ya kasance abokin takarar Aminu Kano a zaben shugaban kasa na 1979 wanda Shehu Shagari ya lashe. Koyaya, farawa a lokacin da jamhuriya ta ɓace, Ikoku ya fara ƙaura daga ra'ayoyin gurguzu. Ya bar PRP kuma ya zama mai ba da shawara ga [[Shehu Shagari]] na Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria . <ref name="ige" /> Ya yi magana game da fadada rawar da sojoji ke takawa a harkokin siyasa na Najeriya a lokacin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kwamitin aiwatar da sauyawa a lokacin mulkin [[Sani Abacha]]. A matsayinsa na mataimakin shugaban, Ikoku ya yi jayayya cewa Abacha yana da 'yancin cin nasara idan jam'iyyun siyasa sun amince da tsara shi a matsayin dan takarar shugaban kasa. Ya mutu a shekara ta 1997. Ikoku shi ne mahaifin [[Patti Boulaye]] . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rx1ibt6rr6a7dza6ntbdnpxa88r17i1 550255 550251 2024-12-02T10:17:16Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox }} '''Mazi Samuel Goomsu Ikoku''' dan kungiyar kwadago ne kuma dan siyasa a Najeriya. A matsayinsa na dalibi a Jami'ar Southampton, Ikoku ya goyi bayan yunkurin 'yancin Najeriya, yana rubuta labaran da West African Pilot ya buga. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga ƙungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na ƙungiyar 'yancin kai, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya ta jagoranci [[Michael Imoudu]] kuma daga baya ya kafa Jam'iyyar United Working People's Party a shekarar 1952.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine |last1=Azinge |first1=Azuka |last2=Ikuniaye |first2=Mahmud |date=1973 |title=Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku |magazine=Newbreed |location=Lagos |publisher=New breed organization |volume=2 |pages=44–51}}</ref> Bayan shekara guda, an rushe jam'iyyar a hukumance, gwamnati ta yi hakan bayan ta sanya kungiyar a matsayin mai tayar da kayar baya da kwaminisanci. Ikoku daga baya ya fara dangantaka da Action Group (AG) wanda ya mamaye mafi yawan [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta farko|Jamhuriyar Farko]]. <ref name="azinge" /> Ikoku wani lokacin yana magana a kan batutuwan kasa tare da gaskiya, wannan salon ya haifar da cewa tsohon Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Sam Momah ya kira shi mutum ne mai rikitarwa. == Rayuwa == An haife shi ga [[Alvan Ikoku]] daga [[Arochukwu|Arochuku]] da Grace Ikoku daga [[Kalaba|Calabar]] . Ikoku ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Achimota kuma daga baya ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Jami'ar, Southampton . Da farko a 1946, Ikoku ya nuna sha'awar yunkurin samun 'yancin kai karkashin jagorancin [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] . Ya fara rubuta labarai a cikin Azikiwe's West African Pilot yana sukar Majalisar Dokoki, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance memba da aka zaba, yana jayayya da majalisa a matsayin gwamnati da aka ɗora kuma yana daidaitawa da ra'ayoyin Azikiwe game da 'yancin kai nan take. Yayinda yake karatu ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba Eileen. Ya koma Najeriya a 1949 kuma ya shiga aikin gwamnati, a wannan lokacin, ya ɗauki matsayin mai ba da shawara tare da kungiyoyin kwadago a kasar. Ya bar aikin gwamnati a shekara ta 1951, don ya ba da lokacinsa don yin aiki ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya wacce ke neman alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya. Ikoku ya kuma shiga ƙungiyar matasa masu zaman kansu don kafa ƙungiyar siyasa ta ɗan gajeren lokaci, United Working People's Party, <ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> mai zaman kanta daga fitattun mutane. A wannan lokacin, ya fara buga mujallar tare da editocin da ke tallafawa ra'ayoyin Stalinist. Dukkanin mujallar da takarda sun rushe ta hukumomin mulkin mallaka. A cikin shekarun 1950, Ikoku ya shiga daya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun lokacin da ya zama memba na Action Group wanda a lokacin yana da tsarin tsari mai karfi.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> Nan da nan aka ba Ikoku matsayin sakataren shirya. A shekara ta 1957, ya lashe zaben majalisar dokokin yanki, a cikin majalisa ya wakilci AG kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban adawa. A lokacin kamfen ɗin da ya gabata kafin zaben, mahaifin Ikoku yana takara a wannan kujerar a ƙarƙashin [[United National Independence Party (Nigeria)|Jam'iyyar United National Independent Party]] . Ikoku ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar gurguzu ta Action Group. Wannan bangare ya mayar da hankali kan akidar a matsayin kayan aikin kamfen na siyasa da kuma gaskatawa da mulkin mallaka a matsayin haɗari mai gaggawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ayoade |first=John A. A. |date=1985 |title=Party and Ideology in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Action Group |journal=Journal of Black Studies |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=169–188 |doi=10.1177/002193478501600204 |jstor=2784260 |s2cid=143713316}}</ref> a cikin 1960, jam'iyyar ta karɓi tsarin zamantakewar dimokuradiyya a matsayin ra'ayi amma shugabancin jam'iyyar na ƙasa da Firayim Minista na Yammacin sun jingina ga jari-hujja.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1962, ya yi tafiya zuwa Ghana, kwanaki kafin rikicin bangarori ya mamaye Majalisar Dokokin Yammacin Yamma wanda ya haifar da yanayin gaggawa. Daga baya aka tuhumi wasu 'yan kungiyar Action Group da cin amana. A Ghana, Ikoku ta shirya reshe na jam'iyyar kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malami a Cibiyar Ilimin Ideological ta Nkrumah kuma a matsayin edita ga mujallar Spark, wanda aka buga a Ghana.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> A lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, Ikoku bai goyi bayan rabuwa ba. An tsare shi na ɗan lokaci bayan ya dawo daga Ghana amma daga baya aka nada shi kwamishinan ci gaban tattalin arziki kuma daga baya Lafiya a Gabashin Tsakiya. Ikoku ya rabu da tsoffin mambobin Action Group kuma ya shiga jam'iyyar [[Aminu Kano]]'s People's Redemption Party a lokacin Jamhuriyar Biyu. An nada shi Sakatare Janar na jam'iyyar, wanda ya yi imani da 'yancin talakawa. Ya kasance abokin takarar Aminu Kano a zaben shugaban kasa na 1979 wanda Shehu Shagari ya lashe. Koyaya, farawa a lokacin da jamhuriya ta ɓace, Ikoku ya fara ƙaura daga ra'ayoyin gurguzu. Ya bar PRP kuma ya zama mai ba da shawara ga [[Shehu Shagari]] na Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria . <ref name="ige" /> Ya yi magana game da fadada rawar da sojoji ke takawa a harkokin siyasa na Najeriya a lokacin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kwamitin aiwatar da sauyawa a lokacin mulkin [[Sani Abacha]]. A matsayinsa na mataimakin shugaban, Ikoku ya yi jayayya cewa Abacha yana da 'yancin cin nasara idan jam'iyyun siyasa sun amince da tsara shi a matsayin dan takarar shugaban kasa. Ya mutu a shekara ta 1997. Ikoku shi ne mahaifin [[Patti Boulaye]] . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] md7p5rm7ahgwhojkd2tai4stb4rn9l1 550259 550255 2024-12-02T10:18:58Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Rayuwa */ 550259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox }} '''Mazi Samuel Goomsu Ikoku''' dan kungiyar kwadago ne kuma dan siyasa a Najeriya. A matsayinsa na dalibi a Jami'ar Southampton, Ikoku ya goyi bayan yunkurin 'yancin Najeriya, yana rubuta labaran da West African Pilot ya buga. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga ƙungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na ƙungiyar 'yancin kai, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya ta jagoranci [[Michael Imoudu]] kuma daga baya ya kafa Jam'iyyar United Working People's Party a shekarar 1952.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine |last1=Azinge |first1=Azuka |last2=Ikuniaye |first2=Mahmud |date=1973 |title=Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku |magazine=Newbreed |location=Lagos |publisher=New breed organization |volume=2 |pages=44–51}}</ref> Bayan shekara guda, an rushe jam'iyyar a hukumance, gwamnati ta yi hakan bayan ta sanya kungiyar a matsayin mai tayar da kayar baya da kwaminisanci. Ikoku daga baya ya fara dangantaka da Action Group (AG) wanda ya mamaye mafi yawan [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta farko|Jamhuriyar Farko]]. <ref name="azinge" /> Ikoku wani lokacin yana magana a kan batutuwan kasa tare da gaskiya, wannan salon ya haifar da cewa tsohon Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Sam Momah ya kira shi mutum ne mai rikitarwa. == Rayuwa == An haife shi ga [[Alvan Ikoku]] daga [[Arochukwu|Arochuku]] da Grace Ikoku daga [[Kalaba|Calabar]] . Ikoku ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Achimota kuma daga baya ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Jami'ar, Southampton . Da farko a 1946, Ikoku ya nuna sha'awar yunkurin samun 'yancin kai karkashin jagorancin [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] . Ya fara rubuta labarai a cikin Azikiwe's West African Pilot yana sukar Majalisar Dokoki, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance memba da aka zaba, yana jayayya da majalisa a matsayin gwamnati da aka ɗora kuma yana daidaitawa da ra'ayoyin Azikiwe game da 'yancin kai nan take. Yayinda yake karatu ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba Eileen. Ya koma Najeriya a 1949 kuma ya shiga aikin gwamnati, a wannan lokacin, ya ɗauki matsayin mai ba da shawara tare da kungiyoyin kwadago a kasar. Ya bar aikin gwamnati a shekara ta 1951, don ya ba da lokacinsa don yin aiki ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya wacce ke neman alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya. Ikoku ya kuma shiga ƙungiyar matasa masu zaman kansu don kafa ƙungiyar siyasa ta ɗan gajeren lokaci, United Working People's Party, <ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> mai zaman kanta daga fitattun mutane. A wannan lokacin, ya fara buga mujallar tare da editocin da ke tallafawa ra'ayoyin Stalinist. Dukkanin mujallar da takarda sun rushe ta hukumomin mulkin mallaka.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Union education in Nigeria : labor, empire, and decolonization since 1945 |last=Ibikunle. |first=Tijani, Hakeem |date=2012 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=9781137003591 |edition= 1st |location=New York |oclc=795516354}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 1950, Ikoku ya shiga daya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun lokacin da ya zama memba na Action Group wanda a lokacin yana da tsarin tsari mai karfi.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> Nan da nan aka ba Ikoku matsayin sakataren shirya. A shekara ta 1957, ya lashe zaben majalisar dokokin yanki, a cikin majalisa ya wakilci AG kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban adawa. A lokacin kamfen ɗin da ya gabata kafin zaben, mahaifin Ikoku yana takara a wannan kujerar a ƙarƙashin [[United National Independence Party (Nigeria)|Jam'iyyar United National Independent Party]] . Ikoku ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar gurguzu ta Action Group. Wannan bangare ya mayar da hankali kan akidar a matsayin kayan aikin kamfen na siyasa da kuma gaskatawa da mulkin mallaka a matsayin haɗari mai gaggawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ayoade |first=John A. A. |date=1985 |title=Party and Ideology in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Action Group |journal=Journal of Black Studies |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=169–188 |doi=10.1177/002193478501600204 |jstor=2784260 |s2cid=143713316}}</ref> a cikin 1960, jam'iyyar ta karɓi tsarin zamantakewar dimokuradiyya a matsayin ra'ayi amma shugabancin jam'iyyar na ƙasa da Firayim Minista na Yammacin sun jingina ga jari-hujja.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1962, ya yi tafiya zuwa Ghana, kwanaki kafin rikicin bangarori ya mamaye Majalisar Dokokin Yammacin Yamma wanda ya haifar da yanayin gaggawa. Daga baya aka tuhumi wasu 'yan kungiyar Action Group da cin amana. A Ghana, Ikoku ta shirya reshe na jam'iyyar kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malami a Cibiyar Ilimin Ideological ta Nkrumah kuma a matsayin edita ga mujallar Spark, wanda aka buga a Ghana.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFAzingeIkuniaye1973">Azinge, Azuka; Ikuniaye, Mahmud (1973). "Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku". ''Newbreed''. Vol.&nbsp;2. Lagos: New breed organization. pp.&nbsp;44–51.</cite></ref> A lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, Ikoku bai goyi bayan rabuwa ba. An tsare shi na ɗan lokaci bayan ya dawo daga Ghana amma daga baya aka nada shi kwamishinan ci gaban tattalin arziki kuma daga baya Lafiya a Gabashin Tsakiya. Ikoku ya rabu da tsoffin mambobin Action Group kuma ya shiga jam'iyyar [[Aminu Kano]]'s People's Redemption Party a lokacin Jamhuriyar Biyu. An nada shi Sakatare Janar na jam'iyyar, wanda ya yi imani da 'yancin talakawa. Ya kasance abokin takarar Aminu Kano a zaben shugaban kasa na 1979 wanda Shehu Shagari ya lashe. Koyaya, farawa a lokacin da jamhuriya ta ɓace, Ikoku ya fara ƙaura daga ra'ayoyin gurguzu. Ya bar PRP kuma ya zama mai ba da shawara ga [[Shehu Shagari]] na Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria . <ref name="ige" /> Ya yi magana game da fadada rawar da sojoji ke takawa a harkokin siyasa na Najeriya a lokacin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kwamitin aiwatar da sauyawa a lokacin mulkin [[Sani Abacha]]. A matsayinsa na mataimakin shugaban, Ikoku ya yi jayayya cewa Abacha yana da 'yancin cin nasara idan jam'iyyun siyasa sun amince da tsara shi a matsayin dan takarar shugaban kasa. Ya mutu a shekara ta 1997. Ikoku shi ne mahaifin [[Patti Boulaye]] . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] awqwijyxeilgs2t7r7atm4y3a4cpr0z 550263 550259 2024-12-02T10:20:47Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Rayuwa */ 550263 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox }} '''Mazi Samuel Goomsu Ikoku''' dan kungiyar kwadago ne kuma dan siyasa a Najeriya. A matsayinsa na dalibi a Jami'ar Southampton, Ikoku ya goyi bayan yunkurin 'yancin Najeriya, yana rubuta labaran da West African Pilot ya buga. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga ƙungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na ƙungiyar 'yancin kai, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya ta jagoranci [[Michael Imoudu]] kuma daga baya ya kafa Jam'iyyar United Working People's Party a shekarar 1952.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine |last1=Azinge |first1=Azuka |last2=Ikuniaye |first2=Mahmud |date=1973 |title=Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku |magazine=Newbreed |location=Lagos |publisher=New breed organization |volume=2 |pages=44–51}}</ref> Bayan shekara guda, an rushe jam'iyyar a hukumance, gwamnati ta yi hakan bayan ta sanya kungiyar a matsayin mai tayar da kayar baya da kwaminisanci. Ikoku daga baya ya fara dangantaka da Action Group (AG) wanda ya mamaye mafi yawan [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta farko|Jamhuriyar Farko]]. <ref name="azinge" /> Ikoku wani lokacin yana magana a kan batutuwan kasa tare da gaskiya, wannan salon ya haifar da cewa tsohon Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Sam Momah ya kira shi mutum ne mai rikitarwa. == Rayuwa == An haife shi ga [[Alvan Ikoku]] daga [[Arochukwu|Arochuku]] da Grace Ikoku daga [[Kalaba|Calabar]] . Ikoku ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Achimota kuma daga baya ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Jami'ar, Southampton . Da farko a 1946, Ikoku ya nuna sha'awar yunkurin samun 'yancin kai karkashin jagorancin [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] . Ya fara rubuta labarai a cikin Azikiwe's West African Pilot yana sukar Majalisar Dokoki, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance memba da aka zaba, yana jayayya da majalisa a matsayin gwamnati da aka ɗora kuma yana daidaitawa da ra'ayoyin Azikiwe game da 'yancin kai nan take. Yayinda yake karatu ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba Eileen. Ya koma Najeriya a 1949 kuma ya shiga aikin gwamnati, a wannan lokacin, ya ɗauki matsayin mai ba da shawara tare da kungiyoyin kwadago a kasar. Ya bar aikin gwamnati a shekara ta 1951, don ya ba da lokacinsa don yin aiki ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya wacce ke neman alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya. Ikoku ya kuma shiga ƙungiyar matasa masu zaman kansu don kafa ƙungiyar siyasa ta ɗan gajeren lokaci, United Working People's Party, <ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> mai zaman kanta daga fitattun mutane. A wannan lokacin, ya fara buga mujallar tare da editocin da ke tallafawa ra'ayoyin Stalinist. Dukkanin mujallar da takarda sun rushe ta hukumomin mulkin mallaka.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Union education in Nigeria : labor, empire, and decolonization since 1945 |last=Ibikunle. |first=Tijani, Hakeem |date=2012 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=9781137003591 |edition= 1st |location=New York |oclc=795516354}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 1950, Ikoku ya shiga daya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun lokacin da ya zama memba na Action Group wanda a lokacin yana da tsarin tsari mai karfi.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> Nan da nan aka ba Ikoku matsayin sakataren shirya. A shekara ta 1957, ya lashe zaben majalisar dokokin yanki, a cikin majalisa ya wakilci AG kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban adawa. A lokacin kamfen ɗin da ya gabata kafin zaben, mahaifin Ikoku yana takara a wannan kujerar a ƙarƙashin [[United National Independence Party (Nigeria)|Jam'iyyar United National Independent Party]] . Ikoku ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar gurguzu ta Action Group. Wannan bangare ya mayar da hankali kan akidar a matsayin kayan aikin kamfen na siyasa da kuma gaskatawa da mulkin mallaka a matsayin haɗari mai gaggawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ayoade |first=John A. A. |date=1985 |title=Party and Ideology in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Action Group |journal=Journal of Black Studies |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=169–188 |doi=10.1177/002193478501600204 |jstor=2784260 |s2cid=143713316}}</ref> a cikin 1960, jam'iyyar ta karɓi tsarin zamantakewar dimokuradiyya a matsayin ra'ayi amma shugabancin jam'iyyar na ƙasa da Firayim Minista na Yammacin sun jingina ga jari-hujja.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> A shekara ta 1962, ya yi tafiya zuwa Ghana, kwanaki kafin rikicin bangarori ya mamaye Majalisar Dokokin Yammacin Yamma wanda ya haifar da yanayin gaggawa. Daga baya aka tuhumi wasu 'yan kungiyar Action Group da cin amana. A Ghana, Ikoku ta shirya reshe na jam'iyyar kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malami a Cibiyar Ilimin Ideological ta Nkrumah kuma a matsayin edita ga mujallar Spark, wanda aka buga a Ghana.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> A lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, Ikoku bai goyi bayan rabuwa ba. An tsare shi na ɗan lokaci bayan ya dawo daga Ghana amma daga baya aka nada shi kwamishinan ci gaban tattalin arziki kuma daga baya Lafiya a Gabashin Tsakiya. Ikoku ya rabu da tsoffin mambobin Action Group kuma ya shiga jam'iyyar [[Aminu Kano]]'s People's Redemption Party a lokacin Jamhuriyar Biyu. An nada shi Sakatare Janar na jam'iyyar, wanda ya yi imani da 'yancin talakawa. Ya kasance abokin takarar Aminu Kano a zaben shugaban kasa na 1979 wanda Shehu Shagari ya lashe. Koyaya, farawa a lokacin da jamhuriya ta ɓace, Ikoku ya fara ƙaura daga ra'ayoyin gurguzu. Ya bar PRP kuma ya zama mai ba da shawara ga [[Shehu Shagari]] na Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria . <ref name="ige" /> Ya yi magana game da fadada rawar da sojoji ke takawa a harkokin siyasa na Najeriya a lokacin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kwamitin aiwatar da sauyawa a lokacin mulkin [[Sani Abacha]]. A matsayinsa na mataimakin shugaban, Ikoku ya yi jayayya cewa Abacha yana da 'yancin cin nasara idan jam'iyyun siyasa sun amince da tsara shi a matsayin dan takarar shugaban kasa. Ya mutu a shekara ta 1997. Ikoku shi ne mahaifin [[Patti Boulaye]] . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] c3qcnut7veyh5msz8cblkjcx9jyq6cc 550271 550263 2024-12-02T10:25:16Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Rayuwa */ 550271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox }} '''Mazi Samuel Goomsu Ikoku''' dan kungiyar kwadago ne kuma dan siyasa a Najeriya. A matsayinsa na dalibi a Jami'ar Southampton, Ikoku ya goyi bayan yunkurin 'yancin Najeriya, yana rubuta labaran da West African Pilot ya buga. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga ƙungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na ƙungiyar 'yancin kai, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya ta jagoranci [[Michael Imoudu]] kuma daga baya ya kafa Jam'iyyar United Working People's Party a shekarar 1952.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine |last1=Azinge |first1=Azuka |last2=Ikuniaye |first2=Mahmud |date=1973 |title=Newbreed Personality: Samuel G. Ikoku |magazine=Newbreed |location=Lagos |publisher=New breed organization |volume=2 |pages=44–51}}</ref> Bayan shekara guda, an rushe jam'iyyar a hukumance, gwamnati ta yi hakan bayan ta sanya kungiyar a matsayin mai tayar da kayar baya da kwaminisanci. Ikoku daga baya ya fara dangantaka da Action Group (AG) wanda ya mamaye mafi yawan [[Jamhuriyar Najeriya ta farko|Jamhuriyar Farko]]. <ref name="azinge" /> Ikoku wani lokacin yana magana a kan batutuwan kasa tare da gaskiya, wannan salon ya haifar da cewa tsohon Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Sam Momah ya kira shi mutum ne mai rikitarwa. == Rayuwa == An haife shi ga [[Alvan Ikoku]] daga [[Arochukwu|Arochuku]] da Grace Ikoku daga [[Kalaba|Calabar]] . Ikoku ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Achimota kuma daga baya ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Jami'ar, Southampton . Da farko a 1946, Ikoku ya nuna sha'awar yunkurin samun 'yancin kai karkashin jagorancin [[Nnamdi Azikiwe]] . Ya fara rubuta labarai a cikin Azikiwe's West African Pilot yana sukar Majalisar Dokoki, inda mahaifinsa ya kasance memba da aka zaba, yana jayayya da majalisa a matsayin gwamnati da aka ɗora kuma yana daidaitawa da ra'ayoyin Azikiwe game da 'yancin kai nan take. Yayinda yake karatu ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba Eileen. Ya koma Najeriya a 1949 kuma ya shiga aikin gwamnati, a wannan lokacin, ya ɗauki matsayin mai ba da shawara tare da kungiyoyin kwadago a kasar. Ya bar aikin gwamnati a shekara ta 1951, don ya ba da lokacinsa don yin aiki ga Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Najeriya wacce ke neman alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya. Ikoku ya kuma shiga ƙungiyar matasa masu zaman kansu don kafa ƙungiyar siyasa ta ɗan gajeren lokaci, United Working People's Party, <ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> mai zaman kanta daga fitattun mutane. A wannan lokacin, ya fara buga mujallar tare da editocin da ke tallafawa ra'ayoyin Stalinist. Dukkanin mujallar da takarda sun rushe ta hukumomin mulkin mallaka.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Union education in Nigeria : labor, empire, and decolonization since 1945 |last=Ibikunle. |first=Tijani, Hakeem |date=2012 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=9781137003591 |edition= 1st |location=New York |oclc=795516354}}</ref> A cikin shekarun 1950, Ikoku ya shiga daya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun lokacin da ya zama memba na Action Group wanda a lokacin yana da tsarin tsari mai karfi.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> Nan da nan aka ba Ikoku matsayin sakataren shirya. A shekara ta 1957, ya lashe zaben majalisar dokokin yanki, a cikin majalisa ya wakilci AG kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban adawa. A lokacin kamfen ɗin da ya gabata kafin zaben, mahaifin Ikoku yana takara a wannan kujerar a ƙarƙashin [[United National Independence Party (Nigeria)|Jam'iyyar United National Independent Party]] . Ikoku ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar gurguzu ta Action Group. Wannan bangare ya mayar da hankali kan akidar a matsayin kayan aikin kamfen na siyasa da kuma gaskatawa da mulkin mallaka a matsayin haɗari mai gaggawa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ayoade |first=John A. A. |date=1985 |title=Party and Ideology in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Action Group |journal=Journal of Black Studies |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=169–188 |doi=10.1177/002193478501600204 |jstor=2784260 |s2cid=143713316}}</ref> a cikin 1960, jam'iyyar ta karɓi tsarin zamantakewar dimokuradiyya a matsayin ra'ayi amma shugabancin jam'iyyar na ƙasa da Firayim Minista na Yammacin sun jingina ga jari-hujja.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> A shekara ta 1962, ya yi tafiya zuwa Ghana, kwanaki kafin rikicin bangarori ya mamaye Majalisar Dokokin Yammacin Yamma wanda ya haifar da yanayin gaggawa. Daga baya aka tuhumi wasu 'yan kungiyar Action Group da cin amana. A Ghana, Ikoku ta shirya reshe na jam'iyyar kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malami a Cibiyar Ilimin Ideological ta Nkrumah kuma a matsayin edita ga mujallar Spark, wanda aka buga a Ghana.<ref name="azinge">{{Cite magazine|url-status=44–51}}</ref> A lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, Ikoku bai goyi bayan rabuwa ba. An tsare shi na ɗan lokaci bayan ya dawo daga Ghana amma daga baya aka nada shi kwamishinan ci gaban tattalin arziki kuma daga baya Lafiya a Gabashin Tsakiya. Ikoku ya rabu da tsoffin mambobin Action Group kuma ya shiga jam'iyyar [[Aminu Kano]]'s People's Redemption Party a lokacin Jamhuriyar Biyu. An nada shi Sakatare Janar na jam'iyyar, wanda ya yi imani da 'yancin talakawa.<ref name="ige">Ige, Taye. "The Doublespeaker." The Week, October 31, 1994, p. 13. ProQuest.</ref>Ya kasance abokin takarar Aminu Kano a zaben shugaban kasa na 1979 wanda Shehu Shagari ya lashe. Koyaya, farawa a lokacin da jamhuriya ta ɓace, Ikoku ya fara ƙaura daga ra'ayoyin gurguzu. Ya bar PRP kuma ya zama mai ba da shawara ga [[Shehu Shagari]] na Jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria . <ref name="ige" /> Ya yi magana game da fadada rawar da sojoji ke takawa a harkokin siyasa na Najeriya a lokacin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]] kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kwamitin aiwatar da sauyawa a lokacin mulkin [[Sani Abacha]]. A matsayinsa na mataimakin shugaban, Ikoku ya yi jayayya cewa Abacha yana da 'yancin cin nasara idan jam'iyyun siyasa sun amince da tsara shi a matsayin dan takarar shugaban kasa. Ya mutu a shekara ta 1997. Ikoku shi ne mahaifin [[Patti Boulaye]] . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5xid08ab05bbw30mjrh3pq6xgcgqznf 0 88425 550279 2024-12-02T10:31:04Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1202786191|Terkimbi Ikyange]]" 550279 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan Terkimbi Ikyange''' ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda aka zaba a matsayin kakakin majalisa na 8 na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Benue a shekarar 2015 a dandalin All Progressives Congress, APC . An tsige shi a shekarar 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Benue Assembly Impeaches Speaker, Terkimbi Ikyange |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2018/07/24/breaking-benue-assembly-impeaches-apc-member-as-speaker/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Channels Television}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2018 |title=Ortom vs Ikyange: Court fixes August 15 for ruling on jurisdiction |url=https://punchng.com/ortom-vs-ikyange-court-fixes-aug-15-for-ruling-on-jurisdiction/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Cutar da aka yi wa shi == A cikin 2016 Ikyange ya sami matsin lamba don yin murabus daga matsayinsa na mai magana bayan ya ki dawo da kujerar mazabar Jihar Mbagwa a yankin karamar hukumar Ushongo a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-24 |title=I can't be forced out of office, says Benue Speaker |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/10/cant-forced-office-says-benue-speaker/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan ya sa [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya]] ta zartar da ƙuduri da ke ba da izini ga Hukumar Zabe ta Kasa mai zaman kanta (INEC) don gudanar da sabon zabe ga mazabar Jihar Mbagwa. Ikyange ya ki amincewa da yunkurin yana jayayya cewa kotun da ke da iko ne kawai za ta iya yin irin wannan umarni. A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin 2018, Ikyange ya tsira daga yunkurin tsige shi a Majalisar Jiha.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-11 |title=Heavy security presence at Benue Assembly as Speaker survives impeachment plot |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/heavy-security-presence-at-benue-assembly-as-speaker-survives-impeachment-plot/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018, an fara wani tsari na tsige Ikyange tare da wani yunkuri na rashin amincewa da Richard Ujege na APC wanda ke wakiltar mazabar jihar Konshisha ya gabatar kuma Anthony Ogbu na APC wanda ya wakilci mazabar jihar Ado ya ba da gudummawa. Kashi ashirin da daya daga cikin mambobi 30 na Majalisar Jiha da sauri sun goyi bayan kuri'un rashin amincewa kuma daga baya aka kori Ikyange ba tare da halarta ba amma magatakarda na gidan ya shaida impeachment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2018 |title=Benue Assembly impeaches speaker, principal officers |url=https://guardian.ng/news/benue-assembly-impeaches-speaker-principal-officers/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=guardian.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-24 |title=BREAKING: Benue Assembly impeaches APC's Ikyange as Speaker |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-benue-assembly-impeaches-apc-s-ikyange-as-speaker-262476.html |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref> Mambobin gidan sun ce sun ba da jan katin Ikyange don 'mai girma' nasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-25 |title=Why Benue Speaker was Impeached |url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/07/25/why-benue-speaker-was-impeached/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=P.M. News |language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan tsigewar an dakatar da Ikyange daga gidan na tsawon watanni shida. An zabi [[Titus Uba]] da sauri a matsayin mai magana <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-27 |title=Breaking: Benue Assembly members scale fence, suspend speaker, Terkimbi Ikyange |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/07/breaking-benue-assembly-members-scale-fence-suspend-speaker-terkimbi-ikyange/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-27 |title=Benue Assembly: Impeached Speaker, Ikyange, bags 6 months suspension |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/benue-assembly-impeached-speaker-ikyange-bags-6-months-suspension/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] igq1noon2snu7e80ztalyudll9oysr7 550282 550279 2024-12-02T10:32:03Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550282 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Terkimbi Ikyange''' ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne wanda aka zaba a matsayin kakakin majalisa na 8 na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Benue a shekarar 2015 a dandalin All Progressives Congress, APC . An tsige shi a shekarar 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Benue Assembly Impeaches Speaker, Terkimbi Ikyange |url=https://www.channelstv.com/2018/07/24/breaking-benue-assembly-impeaches-apc-member-as-speaker/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Channels Television}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2018 |title=Ortom vs Ikyange: Court fixes August 15 for ruling on jurisdiction |url=https://punchng.com/ortom-vs-ikyange-court-fixes-aug-15-for-ruling-on-jurisdiction/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Cutar da aka yi wa shi == A cikin 2016 Ikyange ya sami matsin lamba don yin murabus daga matsayinsa na mai magana bayan ya ki dawo da kujerar mazabar Jihar Mbagwa a yankin karamar hukumar Ushongo a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-24 |title=I can't be forced out of office, says Benue Speaker |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/10/cant-forced-office-says-benue-speaker/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan ya sa [[Majalisar Dattijai ta Najeriya]] ta zartar da ƙuduri da ke ba da izini ga Hukumar Zabe ta Kasa mai zaman kanta (INEC) don gudanar da sabon zabe ga mazabar Jihar Mbagwa. Ikyange ya ki amincewa da yunkurin yana jayayya cewa kotun da ke da iko ne kawai za ta iya yin irin wannan umarni. A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin 2018, Ikyange ya tsira daga yunkurin tsige shi a Majalisar Jiha.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-11 |title=Heavy security presence at Benue Assembly as Speaker survives impeachment plot |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/heavy-security-presence-at-benue-assembly-as-speaker-survives-impeachment-plot/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> A ranar 27 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018, an fara wani tsari na tsige Ikyange tare da wani yunkuri na rashin amincewa da Richard Ujege na APC wanda ke wakiltar mazabar jihar Konshisha ya gabatar kuma Anthony Ogbu na APC wanda ya wakilci mazabar jihar Ado ya ba da gudummawa. Kashi ashirin da daya daga cikin mambobi 30 na Majalisar Jiha da sauri sun goyi bayan kuri'un rashin amincewa kuma daga baya aka kori Ikyange ba tare da halarta ba amma magatakarda na gidan ya shaida impeachment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 July 2018 |title=Benue Assembly impeaches speaker, principal officers |url=https://guardian.ng/news/benue-assembly-impeaches-speaker-principal-officers/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=guardian.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-24 |title=BREAKING: Benue Assembly impeaches APC's Ikyange as Speaker |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-benue-assembly-impeaches-apc-s-ikyange-as-speaker-262476.html |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref> Mambobin gidan sun ce sun ba da jan katin Ikyange don 'mai girma' nasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-25 |title=Why Benue Speaker was Impeached |url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/07/25/why-benue-speaker-was-impeached/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=P.M. News |language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan tsigewar an dakatar da Ikyange daga gidan na tsawon watanni shida. An zabi [[Titus Uba]] da sauri a matsayin mai magana <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-27 |title=Breaking: Benue Assembly members scale fence, suspend speaker, Terkimbi Ikyange |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/07/breaking-benue-assembly-members-scale-fence-suspend-speaker-terkimbi-ikyange/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-27 |title=Benue Assembly: Impeached Speaker, Ikyange, bags 6 months suspension |url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/benue-assembly-impeached-speaker-ikyange-bags-6-months-suspension/ |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1rezi0cemmoiciznyk4q7gxzyv2kzql 0 88426 550298 2024-12-02T10:39:19Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1232541045|Osaigbovo Iyoha]]" 550298 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya Osaigbovo Iyoha''' injiniya ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata ga Gwamnan Jihar Edo, [[Godwin Obaseki]], tun watan Yunin 2021. Yana da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) kuma ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo na Mazabar Oredo ta Gabas daga 2015 zuwa 2019. <ref name="i763" /> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Iyoha a ranar 6 ga Yulin 1973. Yana da digiri na farko a fannin Injiniya daga [[Jami'ar Ambrose Alli]] da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin injiniya daga Jami-ar Benin (UNIBEN). Yana neman digiri na biyu a fannin Injiniya a UNIBEN . == Ayyukan siyasa == Iyoha ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Whip a lokacin da yake cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2021 |title=Just in: Obaseki appoints chief of staff |url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2021/06/02/just-in-obaseki-appoints-chief-of-staff/ |access-date=5 June 2024 |publisher=The NEWS}}</ref> Matsayinsa a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata ya fara ne a shekarar 2021. A matsayinsa na Shugaban Ma'aikata, Iyoha yana shiga cikin ayyukan gudanarwa na gwamnatin jihar kuma ya yi sharhi kan batutuwan zabe. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] e22i9kf7hnif6ulkdh0xl7g0xtqs6c8 550300 550298 2024-12-02T10:40:09Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550300 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Osaigbovo Iyoha''' injiniya ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata ga Gwamnan Jihar Edo, [[Godwin Obaseki]], tun watan Yunin 2021. Yana da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) kuma ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo na Mazabar Oredo ta Gabas daga 2015 zuwa 2019. <ref name="i763" /> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Iyoha a ranar 6 ga Yulin 1973. Yana da digiri na farko a fannin Injiniya daga [[Jami'ar Ambrose Alli]] da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin injiniya daga Jami-ar Benin (UNIBEN). Yana neman digiri na biyu a fannin Injiniya a UNIBEN . == Ayyukan siyasa == Iyoha ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Whip a lokacin da yake cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2021 |title=Just in: Obaseki appoints chief of staff |url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2021/06/02/just-in-obaseki-appoints-chief-of-staff/ |access-date=5 June 2024 |publisher=The NEWS}}</ref> Matsayinsa a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata ya fara ne a shekarar 2021. A matsayinsa na Shugaban Ma'aikata, Iyoha yana shiga cikin ayyukan gudanarwa na gwamnatin jihar kuma ya yi sharhi kan batutuwan zabe. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] l142h7xsz3lauc5vbkcikk3y772qdxu 550302 550300 2024-12-02T10:41:01Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Ayyukan siyasa */ 550302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Osaigbovo Iyoha''' injiniya ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata ga Gwamnan Jihar Edo, [[Godwin Obaseki]], tun watan Yunin 2021. Yana da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) kuma ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo na Mazabar Oredo ta Gabas daga 2015 zuwa 2019. <ref name="i763" /> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Iyoha a ranar 6 ga Yulin 1973. Yana da digiri na farko a fannin Injiniya daga [[Jami'ar Ambrose Alli]] da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin injiniya daga Jami-ar Benin (UNIBEN). Yana neman digiri na biyu a fannin Injiniya a UNIBEN . == Ayyukan siyasa == Iyoha ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Whip a lokacin da yake cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2021 |title=Just in: Obaseki appoints chief of staff |url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2021/06/02/just-in-obaseki-appoints-chief-of-staff/ |access-date=5 June 2024 |publisher=The NEWS}}</ref> Matsayinsa a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata ya fara ne a shekarar 2021. A matsayinsa na Shugaban Ma'aikata, Iyoha yana shiga cikin ayyukan gudanarwa na gwamnatin jihar kuma ya yi sharhi kan batutuwan zabe.<ref name="u460">{{cite news |last=Bankole |first=Idowu |title=Edo Election: Obaseki's CoS lauds outcome, knocks Oshiomhole, APC |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]] |date=23 March 2023 |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/03/edo-election-obasekis-cos-lauds-outcome-knocks-oshiomhole-apc/ |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] r2y1gtizo4dqeho7efn8xxlplmiwwxo 550304 550302 2024-12-02T10:42:01Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Osaigbovo Iyoha''' injiniya ne kuma ɗan siyasan Najeriya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata ga Gwamnan Jihar Edo, [[Godwin Obaseki]], tun watan Yunin 2021. <ref name="i763">{{cite news |last=Akinsuyi |first=Temidayo |title=Obaseki Appoints Osaigbovo Iyoha As Chief Of Staff – Independent Newspaper Nigeria |website=[[Independent Nigeria|Independent]] |date=2 June 2021 |url=https://independent.ng/obaseki-appoints-osaigbovo-iyoha-as-chief-of-staff/ |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref> Yana da alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) kuma ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo na Mazabar Oredo ta Gabas daga 2015 zuwa 2019. <ref name="i763" /> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Iyoha a ranar 6 ga Yulin 1973. Yana da digiri na farko a fannin Injiniya daga [[Jami'ar Ambrose Alli]] da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin injiniya daga Jami-ar Benin (UNIBEN). Yana neman digiri na biyu a fannin Injiniya a UNIBEN . == Ayyukan siyasa == Iyoha ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Whip a lokacin da yake cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Edo . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2021 |title=Just in: Obaseki appoints chief of staff |url=https://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2021/06/02/just-in-obaseki-appoints-chief-of-staff/ |access-date=5 June 2024 |publisher=The NEWS}}</ref> Matsayinsa a matsayin Shugaban Ma'aikata ya fara ne a shekarar 2021. A matsayinsa na Shugaban Ma'aikata, Iyoha yana shiga cikin ayyukan gudanarwa na gwamnatin jihar kuma ya yi sharhi kan batutuwan zabe.<ref name="u460">{{cite news |last=Bankole |first=Idowu |title=Edo Election: Obaseki's CoS lauds outcome, knocks Oshiomhole, APC |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]] |date=23 March 2023 |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2023/03/edo-election-obasekis-cos-lauds-outcome-knocks-oshiomhole-apc/ |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] 2zrz1e1c4ruw4mcc5elixcmsgf59j8l 0 88427 550310 2024-12-02T10:46:48Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1260237364|Nentawe Yilwatda]]" 550310 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar Nentawe Goshwe Yilwatda''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1968) ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne, injiniya, kuma masanin kimiyya wanda ke aiki a matsayin [[Minister of Humanitarian Affairs and Poverty Reduction|Ministan Harkokin Jama'a da Rage Talauci]] a Najeriya, wanda Shugaba [[Bola Tinubu|Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] ya nada a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gulloma |first=Abdullahi M. |date=2024-10-23 |title=Breaking: Tinubu appoints Bianca Ojukwu, Nentawe Yilwatda, 5 others as ministers *Full list |url=https://blueprint.ng/breaking-tinubu-appoints-bianca-ojukwu-nentawe-yilwatda-5-others-as-ministers-full-list/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Abdulateef |date=2024-10-23 |title=President Tinubu Names Nentawe Yilwatda as Humanitarian Affairs Minister |url=http://newscentral.africa/president-tinubu-names-nentawe-yilwatda-as-humanitarian-affairs-minister/amp/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=News Central TV {{!}} Latest Breaking News Across Africa, Daily News in Nigeria, South Africa, Ghana, Kenya and Egypt Today. - Africa. First. |language=en-US}}</ref> . Nentawe ya kasance mai tseren jam'iyyarsa a zaben gwamna na 2023 a jihar Plateau . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pwanagba |first=Agabus |date=August 18, 2022 |title=Plateau 2023: APC guber candidate Yilwatda unveils running mate |url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/08/18/plateau-2023-apc-guber-candidate-yilwatda-unveils-running-mate/ |access-date=November 27, 2024 |website=Daily post}}</ref> Tsakanin Yulin 2017 - Disamba 2021, ya rike mukamin kwamishinan zabe a jihar Benue. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gaddafi |first=Ibrahim Tanko |date=2022-12-30 |title=2023: From INEC to Govt House, can Prof. Nentawe make history? |url=https://orderpaper.ng/new/?p=4282 |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=OrderPaper |language=en-US}}</ref> Har ila yau, ya kasance darektan ICT a Jami'ar Aikin Gona ta Tarayya, Makurdi na tsawon shekaru 12.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof. Nentawe Goshwe Yilwatda minister designate – Igbe News |url=https://igbenews.com.ng/2024/10/23/prof-nentawe-goshwe-yilwatda-minister-designate/ |access-date=2024-11-27 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta Farko == An haifi Nentawe a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta 1968 a dungung, Kanke . Daga 1981-1986, Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Boy, Gindiri . (BSS) Daga baya zai sami shigarwa a Jami'ar Aikin Gona ta Tarayya, Makurdi . == Ayyuka == A Jami'ar Aikin Gona, Makurdi, Nentawe ya jagoranci sashin ICT. Ya kasance kwamishinan zabe, Jihar Benue . <ref>{{Cite web |title=INEC Chairman Swears in 14 New RECs, Charges them to Remain Impartial – INEC Nigeria |url=https://inecnigeria.org/?news=inec-chairman-swears-in-14-new-recs-charges-them-to-remain-impartial |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=inecnigeria.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya yi murabus daga wannan mukamin don yin takara a zaben fidda [[Gwamna]] a All Progressives Congress . <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/505508-exclusive-inec-top-official-resigns-embraces-apc-joins-governorship-race.html?tztc=1 |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> == Littattafai == * Nentawe da Goshwe.;Teriyema D Kureve.;Okewu A Victor (2022). ''Rediyo Frequency Sensor-Based Traffic Light Control for Emergency Vehicles.'' Jaridar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Duniya. * Goshwe da Nentawe.Jonathan A Enokela.;David O Agbo (2019). ''Zane da Simulation na A Walking Biped Robot, ta amfani da MATLAB / Simscape / Multibody.'' Jaridar Injiniya ta Indiya. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] nvspr34f5pk4mmhr712do53pcxwkufy 550312 550310 2024-12-02T10:47:29Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550312 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Nentawe Goshwe Yilwatda''' (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1968) ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne, injiniya, kuma masanin kimiyya wanda ke aiki a matsayin [[Minister of Humanitarian Affairs and Poverty Reduction|Ministan Harkokin Jama'a da Rage Talauci]] a Najeriya, wanda Shugaba [[Bola Tinubu|Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] ya nada a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gulloma |first=Abdullahi M. |date=2024-10-23 |title=Breaking: Tinubu appoints Bianca Ojukwu, Nentawe Yilwatda, 5 others as ministers *Full list |url=https://blueprint.ng/breaking-tinubu-appoints-bianca-ojukwu-nentawe-yilwatda-5-others-as-ministers-full-list/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Abdulateef |date=2024-10-23 |title=President Tinubu Names Nentawe Yilwatda as Humanitarian Affairs Minister |url=http://newscentral.africa/president-tinubu-names-nentawe-yilwatda-as-humanitarian-affairs-minister/amp/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=News Central TV {{!}} Latest Breaking News Across Africa, Daily News in Nigeria, South Africa, Ghana, Kenya and Egypt Today. - Africa. First. |language=en-US}}</ref> . Nentawe ya kasance mai tseren jam'iyyarsa a zaben gwamna na 2023 a jihar Plateau . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pwanagba |first=Agabus |date=August 18, 2022 |title=Plateau 2023: APC guber candidate Yilwatda unveils running mate |url=https://dailypost.ng/2022/08/18/plateau-2023-apc-guber-candidate-yilwatda-unveils-running-mate/ |access-date=November 27, 2024 |website=Daily post}}</ref> Tsakanin Yulin 2017 - Disamba 2021, ya rike mukamin kwamishinan zabe a jihar Benue. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gaddafi |first=Ibrahim Tanko |date=2022-12-30 |title=2023: From INEC to Govt House, can Prof. Nentawe make history? |url=https://orderpaper.ng/new/?p=4282 |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=OrderPaper |language=en-US}}</ref> Har ila yau, ya kasance darektan ICT a Jami'ar Aikin Gona ta Tarayya, Makurdi na tsawon shekaru 12.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof. Nentawe Goshwe Yilwatda minister designate – Igbe News |url=https://igbenews.com.ng/2024/10/23/prof-nentawe-goshwe-yilwatda-minister-designate/ |access-date=2024-11-27 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta Farko == An haifi Nentawe a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta 1968 a dungung, Kanke . Daga 1981-1986, Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Boy, Gindiri . (BSS) Daga baya zai sami shigarwa a Jami'ar Aikin Gona ta Tarayya, Makurdi . == Ayyuka == A Jami'ar Aikin Gona, Makurdi, Nentawe ya jagoranci sashin ICT. Ya kasance kwamishinan zabe, Jihar Benue . <ref>{{Cite web |title=INEC Chairman Swears in 14 New RECs, Charges them to Remain Impartial – INEC Nigeria |url=https://inecnigeria.org/?news=inec-chairman-swears-in-14-new-recs-charges-them-to-remain-impartial |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=inecnigeria.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya yi murabus daga wannan mukamin don yin takara a zaben fidda [[Gwamna]] a All Progressives Congress . <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/505508-exclusive-inec-top-official-resigns-embraces-apc-joins-governorship-race.html?tztc=1 |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> == Littattafai == * Nentawe da Goshwe.;Teriyema D Kureve.;Okewu A Victor (2022). ''Rediyo Frequency Sensor-Based Traffic Light Control for Emergency Vehicles.'' Jaridar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Duniya. * Goshwe da Nentawe.Jonathan A Enokela.;David O Agbo (2019). ''Zane da Simulation na A Walking Biped Robot, ta amfani da MATLAB / Simscape / Multibody.'' Jaridar Injiniya ta Indiya. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 8qecrtnvddeij13t1w5nj79xgywb9tx 0 88428 550324 2024-12-02T10:56:25Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1257830646|Ebikabowei Victor-Ben]]" 550324 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu Ebikabowei "Boyloaf" Victor-Ben''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1971) tsohon kwamandan Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta ne. Ebikabowei ya fito ne daga garin Ezetu a yankin [[Southern Ijaw|Kudancin Ijaw]] na [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], kodayake an haife shi a garin Ubiaruku, Ukwuani, a [[Delta (jiha)|Jihar Delta]].   Ya halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Community da ke Amadiam da Kwalejin Stella Maris da ke Fatakwal a Jihar Ribas.  Don haka, ya yi kuruciyarsa a jihohin Delta, Bayelsa, da Ribas, yana samun fahimtar yanayin rayuwar Neja-Delta.  jigo a fagen siyasar Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Boyloaf yana daga cikin babban iyali, yana da 'yan'uwa takwas gabaɗaya. Abin takaici, ɗan'uwan ya mutu, ya bar ƙungiyar da ta haɗa da Tueridei Victor-Ben, Cif Selekaye Victor-Ben، Tari Victor-Ben. An zabi ɗan'uwansa, Cif Selekaye Ben Victor, a 2023 a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Bayelsa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Akam |date=2023-03-24 |title=My Opponents are bad losers, I'm waiting for them in court - Bayelsa Lawmaker-elect |url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/03/24/my-opponents-are-bad-losers-im-waiting-for-them-in-court-bayelsa-lawmaker-elect/ |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ke wakiltar Mazabar Kudancin Ijaw IV. Ya gudu a karkashin tutar All Progressive Congress (APC). <ref>{{Cite web |title=ShineYourEye |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/ben-selekaye-victor |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=www.shineyoureye.org}}</ref> Yayinda yake yaro, Ebikabowei ya ga rashin adalci mai zurfi a cikin Delta na Nijar, wanda ya motsa shi ya tsaya tsayayya da shi. Ya fara ƙoƙari don ba da shawara don daidaito da adalci a cikin al'ummarsa kuma nan da nan ya sami wasu waɗanda suka raba sha'awarsa. Ya ce, "Ba na ɗaukar kaina a matsayin mayaƙa ta hanyar halitta. Duk da haka, rashin adalci da na lura a kusa da ni ya tilasta ni in dauki mataki. Ni kaɗai ne daga cikin abokaina wanda ya tsaya ga mutanena. " A cikin shekarunsa na baya, Boyloaf ya zama fitaccen mutum a cikin ƙungiyar MEND, inda ya rike mukamin kwamandan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Allen |first=Ben |title=BBC - World Service - World Have Your Say: Your questions to senior MEND Commander Ebikabowei Victor Ben AKA General Boyloaf |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/worldhaveyoursay/2010/11/your_questions_to_senior_mend.html |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=www.bbc.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Matsayinsa na jagoranci ya sanya shi a kan gaba a ayyukan kungiyar, wanda ya nemi magance matsalolin da ke fuskantar yankin Neja Delta. Koyaya, a cikin shekara ta 2009, ya yanke shawara mai mahimmanci don barin MEND bayan da Shugaba Umaru Musa Yar'Adua ya ba shi afuwa. Wannan shirin afuwa, wanda Gwamnatin Jihar Bayelsa ta sauƙaƙe, wani ɓangare ne na babban shiri da nufin maido da zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali a yankin. Tun lokacin da ya tashi daga MEND, Boyloaf ya zaɓi kada ya haɗa kansa da wasu kungiyoyin masu fafutuka. Duk da haka, ya ci gaba da kasancewa da zurfi ga manufar mutanensa kuma yana ci gaba da samun bege ga samun 'yancin kai na yankin Neja Delta. '''''Aure''''' Aure na farko: Boyloaf ya ɗaure maɗaukaki tare da budurwarsa ta dogon lokaci, Onyi Maris, a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 2017, a wani bikin a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-05 |title=Photos from the wedding of former militant leader, Ebikabowei Victor aka Boyloaf in the US |url=https://m.lindaikejisblog.com/2017/05/photos-from-wedding-of-former-militant.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Linda Ikeji's Blog |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Korkus">{{Cite web |last=Korkus |first=Stella Dimoko |title=Former Militant BOYLOAF Marries His Pregnant Side Chick |url=https://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2017/01/former-militant-boyloaf-marries-his.html?m=1 |access-date=2024-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-04 |title=Popular Niger/Delta Billionaire Militant, Boyloaf Marries Cute American Lady In Houston, Texas |url=https://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,331109.0.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Gistmania |language=en}}</ref> Ma'auratan a baya sun yi maraba da 'yar kuma suna jiran wani yaro a lokacin bikin aurensu, bayan sun keɓe ɗansu na farko a cikin 2016. <ref name="Korkus" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-06 |title=Ex-Niger Delta Militant Gen Boyloaf & Wife Hit The Dance Floor At Their Child's Dedication |url=https://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,297154.0.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Gistmania |language=en}}</ref> Aure na biyu: A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2022, Boyloaf ya sake yin aure ga Faridia Olivia, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Korkus |first=Stella Dimoko |title=EX Niger Delta Agitator Boyloaf Marries Olivia, Widow Of Late Gov |url=https://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2022/12/ex-niger-delta-militant-boyloaf-marries.html?m=1 |access-date=2024-10-20}}</ref> a wani bikin a [[Makurdi|Markurdi]], [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]]. Faridia ita ce gwauruwar Audu Abubakar, tsohon Gwamnan [[Jihar Kogi]], Najeriya. '''''Ilimi''''' A cikin 2021, Ebikabowei Victor-Ben ya sami muhimmiyar ci gaba ta ilimi ta hanyar kammala karatunsa tare da digiri na farko a cikin dangantakar kasa da kasa da diflomasiyya daga [[Jami'ar Baze]] da ke Abuja.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Naku |first=Dennis |date=2021-10-27 |title=Dikio lauds ex-MEND leader, Boyloaf, for bagging first class from Abuja varsity |url=https://punchng.com/dikio-lauds-ex-mend-leader-boyloaf-for-bagging-first-class-from-abuja-varsity/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=DT |first=DailyTrust |date=2021-10-30 |title=Niger Delta ex-militant, Boyloaf, bags first class - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/niger-delta-ex-militant-boyloaf-bags-first-class/ |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=dailytrust |language=en-US}}</ref> Ilimi ya ba shi kyakkyawar fahimta da ƙwarewa waɗanda yake da niyyar amfani da su wajen magance ƙalubalen da al'ummarsa da yankin Niger Delta ke fuskanta. == Sojoji da Gwagwarmaya == Boyloaf ya shiga sabuwar ƙungiyar Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta a shekara ta 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Victor Ben Ebikabowei (Boyloaf) {{!}} Profile {{!}} Africa Confidential |url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/3871/Victor_Ben_Ebikabowei |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=www.africa-confidential.com |language=en}}</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba Boyloaf ya zama sananne a cikin MEND saboda ƙwarewarsa ta ƙwarewa kuma an sanya shi na 3 mafi girma a cikin MENT bayan [[Asari-Dokubo|Dokubo-Asari]] da [[Henry Okah]]. Sunan Boyloaf ya zama sananne a ko'ina cikin Neja Delta kuma Boyloaf ta dauki daruruwan mutane kuma ta mayar da su sojoji masu horar da su. A shekara ta 2008 Boyloaf yana da tasiri a kan sojoji da mutane da yawa a duk yankin Neja Delta. A ranar 27 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 2009, [[Umaru Musa Yar'adua|Shugaban Najeriya na 13 Umaru Musa Yar'Adua GCFR]] ya ba Boyloaf afuwa a Port Harcourt. Shi ne mai fafutuka na farko kuma memba na [[MEND]] da ya sami afuwa daga gwamnatin tarayya ta Najeriya. Bayan shi, wasu sun biyo baya. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan barin MEND ya zama mai aiki a fagen siyasa na Najeriya. A ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2010 MEND ta dasa bama-bamai biyu a babban birnin [[Abuja]] inda ta kashe mutane 12 kuma ta jikkata 17. An kama Boyloaf amma nan da nan aka sake shi. An sake kama Boyloaf a ranar 13 ga Janairu, 2012 bayan bam din mota ya fashe a wani gari da ya kasance a ranar da ta gabata. Har ila yau ya sake shi ba da daɗewa ba. A ƙarshen 2012 Boyloaf ya fara inganta shugaban Najeriya [[Goodluck Jonathan]] don zaben Najeriya na 2015. Saboda karuwar ayyukan MEND a farkon 2013 an sake kama Boyloaf a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 2013 kuma an sake shi ba da daɗewa ba. Ko da yake kwanakin Boyloaf na yaƙi sun yi nisa da shi ya ce idan babu ci gaba a cikin Delta na Nijar kuma mutanen Delta suna ci gaba da shan wahala zai koma yaƙi. == Tattaunawa da Rikici == '''Zarge-zargen Rashin Halin Kudi''' A farkon 2024, mai kula na wucin gadi na Shirin Amnesty na Shugaban kasa (PAP) ya zargi Boyloaf da mummunar hali na kudi. Zarge-zarge sun fito cewa Ofishin Mai ba da shawara na Musamman ga Shugaban kasa a kan Neja Delta da sauran MDAs na gwamnati sun keta dokokin nuna gaskiya ta kudi ta hanyar amincewa da biyan kuɗi na jama'a a cikin asusun masu zaman kansu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mbah |first=Green |date=2024-02-12 |title=Stakeholders Fault Alleged Financial Wrongdoing Against Boyloaf |url=https://leadership.ng/stakeholders-fault-alleged-financial-wrongdoing-against-boyloaf/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |language=en-US}}</ref> Binciken bayanan kashewa daga Govspend ya nuna cewa Ofishin Mai ba da shawara na Musamman ga Shugaban Najeriya a kan Nijar Delta ya biya Boyloaf kusan N564.7 miliyan tsakanin Yuli da Nuwamba 2023 a cikin ma'amaloli 18.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mohammed |first=Yakubu |date=2024 |title=Nigerian MDAs paid over N159bn into private accounts in six years |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/665683-nigerian-mdas-paid-over-n159bn-into-private-accounts-in-six-years.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin Delta na Nijar sun yi Allah wadai da waɗannan zarge-zargen da aka yi wa Cif Ebikabowei Victor-Ben (Boyloaf). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mbah |first=Green |date=2024-02-12 |title=Stakeholders Fault Alleged Financial Wrongdoing Against Boyloaf |url=https://leadership.ng/stakeholders-fault-alleged-financial-wrongdoing-against-boyloaf/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Leadership News |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan hadin gwiwa, wanda ya hada da dattawa daga Ijaw National Congress (INC) , mambobin Majalisar Matasan Ijaw (IYC), sarakuna na gargajiya, da kungiyoyin matasa da mata daban-daban, sun nuna ikirarin a matsayin farautar maƙaryaci, hari na mutum, da kuma kokarin da aka yi na haifar da tashin hankali da rashin tsaro a yankin. '''Rikici da Tompolo''' Rikicin tsakanin Boyloaf da tsohon shugaban 'yan tawaye Gwamnatin Ekpemupolo, wanda aka fi sani da Tompolo, ya samo asali ne daga rashin jituwa game da kwangilar sa ido kan bututun mai da kuma zargin gudanar da Shirin Amnesty na Shugaban kasa (PAP). <ref>{{Cite web |last=sunnews |date=2024-05-01 |title=Ex-militant leader, Boyloaf dismiss calls for Amnesty Administrator's sack |url=https://thesun.ng/ex-militant-leader-boyloaf-dismiss-calls-for-amnesty-administrators-sack/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> Boyloaf ya zargi Tompolo da mallakar waɗannan kwangila da amfani da haɗin siyasa don tabbatar da yarjejeniyoyi, yana ware wasu tsoffin 'yan ta'adda a cikin tsari. Sabanin haka, Tompolo ya yi iƙirarin cewa Boyloaf yana ƙoƙarin lalata ƙoƙarinsa da kuma lalata ci gaban yankin da aka samu ta hanyar waɗannan kwangila. Wannan takaddamar ta bayyana a cikin zarge-zargen jama'a, tare da bangarorin biyu suna zargin dalilai na kai da kuma kasa ba da fifiko ga bukatun al'ummomin Nijar Delta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-03 |title=Why Boyloaf, Gbaboyor are after Tompolo, Otuaro alleges |url=https://freshangleng.com/35227/why-boyloaf--gbaboyor-are-after-tompolo--otuaro-alleges |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Freshangle News |language=en}}</ref>The Niger Delta Progressive Agenda, ƙungiyar masu ruwa da tsaki sun yi kira suna roƙon Boyloaf ya sulhunta da Tompolo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Azeez |first=Kareem |date=2024-10-13 |title=Group urges Bayelsa militant leader Boyloaf to reconcile with Tompolo |url=https://guardian.ng/news/group-urges-bayelsa-militant-leader-boyloaf-to-reconcile-with-tompolo/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> Sun jaddada cewa hadin kai tsakanin tsoffin mayakan yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali a yankin Neja Delta. Kungiyar ta yi imanin cewa warware bambance-bambance na iya haifar da haɗin gwiwa mafi kyau kan ci gaban al'umma da batutuwan tsaro, a ƙarshe yana amfana da jama'ar yankin. '''Rikici tare da Janar Danjuma (rtd) ''' Rikicin tsakanin Boyloaf da [[Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma|Janar Theophilus Danjuma]] mai ritaya ya shafi ikirarin Boyloaf cewa Danjuma da sauran jami'an soja suna amfani da albarkatun mai na Neja Delta yayin da suke watsi da bukatun ci gaban yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nicholas |first=Ibekwe |date=2015 |title=Boyloaf hits back at Danjuma, threatens to attack retired general's oil assets |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/175951-boyloaf-hits-abck-danjuma-threatens-attack-retired-generals-oil-assets.html?tztc=1 |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Boyloaf ya yi barazanar yin niyya ga kadarorin mai na Danjuma idan ba a sami gagarumin ci gaba ga al'ummomin yankin ba. Ya jaddada bukatar lissafi da adalci ga mazaunan Neja Delta game da arzikin mai na yankin. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://premiumtimesng.com/news/3645-former-militant-boyloaf-becomes-presidential-envoy.html Preiumtimesng.com] * Nationalmirroronline.net[usurped] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130326190244/http://www.punchng.com/news/kuku-not-involved-in-boyloafs-arrest/ Punchng.com] * [http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/01/2015-asari-boyloaf-ateke-others-cannot-blackmail-jonathan-ajube/ Vanguardngr.com] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1971]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5co1wcpphdx34xo4x1tg3qd584zvxhk 550327 550324 2024-12-02T10:56:59Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ebikabowei "Boyloaf" Victor-Ben''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1971) tsohon kwamandan Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta ne. Ebikabowei ya fito ne daga garin Ezetu a yankin [[Southern Ijaw|Kudancin Ijaw]] na [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], kodayake an haife shi a garin Ubiaruku, Ukwuani, a [[Delta (jiha)|Jihar Delta]].   Ya halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Community da ke Amadiam da Kwalejin Stella Maris da ke Fatakwal a Jihar Ribas.  Don haka, ya yi kuruciyarsa a jihohin Delta, Bayelsa, da Ribas, yana samun fahimtar yanayin rayuwar Neja-Delta.  jigo a fagen siyasar Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Boyloaf yana daga cikin babban iyali, yana da 'yan'uwa takwas gabaɗaya. Abin takaici, ɗan'uwan ya mutu, ya bar ƙungiyar da ta haɗa da Tueridei Victor-Ben, Cif Selekaye Victor-Ben، Tari Victor-Ben. An zabi ɗan'uwansa, Cif Selekaye Ben Victor, a 2023 a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Bayelsa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Akam |date=2023-03-24 |title=My Opponents are bad losers, I'm waiting for them in court - Bayelsa Lawmaker-elect |url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/03/24/my-opponents-are-bad-losers-im-waiting-for-them-in-court-bayelsa-lawmaker-elect/ |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ke wakiltar Mazabar Kudancin Ijaw IV. Ya gudu a karkashin tutar All Progressive Congress (APC). <ref>{{Cite web |title=ShineYourEye |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/ben-selekaye-victor |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=www.shineyoureye.org}}</ref> Yayinda yake yaro, Ebikabowei ya ga rashin adalci mai zurfi a cikin Delta na Nijar, wanda ya motsa shi ya tsaya tsayayya da shi. Ya fara ƙoƙari don ba da shawara don daidaito da adalci a cikin al'ummarsa kuma nan da nan ya sami wasu waɗanda suka raba sha'awarsa. Ya ce, "Ba na ɗaukar kaina a matsayin mayaƙa ta hanyar halitta. Duk da haka, rashin adalci da na lura a kusa da ni ya tilasta ni in dauki mataki. Ni kaɗai ne daga cikin abokaina wanda ya tsaya ga mutanena. " A cikin shekarunsa na baya, Boyloaf ya zama fitaccen mutum a cikin ƙungiyar MEND, inda ya rike mukamin kwamandan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Allen |first=Ben |title=BBC - World Service - World Have Your Say: Your questions to senior MEND Commander Ebikabowei Victor Ben AKA General Boyloaf |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/worldhaveyoursay/2010/11/your_questions_to_senior_mend.html |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=www.bbc.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Matsayinsa na jagoranci ya sanya shi a kan gaba a ayyukan kungiyar, wanda ya nemi magance matsalolin da ke fuskantar yankin Neja Delta. Koyaya, a cikin shekara ta 2009, ya yanke shawara mai mahimmanci don barin MEND bayan da Shugaba Umaru Musa Yar'Adua ya ba shi afuwa. Wannan shirin afuwa, wanda Gwamnatin Jihar Bayelsa ta sauƙaƙe, wani ɓangare ne na babban shiri da nufin maido da zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali a yankin. Tun lokacin da ya tashi daga MEND, Boyloaf ya zaɓi kada ya haɗa kansa da wasu kungiyoyin masu fafutuka. Duk da haka, ya ci gaba da kasancewa da zurfi ga manufar mutanensa kuma yana ci gaba da samun bege ga samun 'yancin kai na yankin Neja Delta. '''''Aure''''' Aure na farko: Boyloaf ya ɗaure maɗaukaki tare da budurwarsa ta dogon lokaci, Onyi Maris, a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 2017, a wani bikin a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-05 |title=Photos from the wedding of former militant leader, Ebikabowei Victor aka Boyloaf in the US |url=https://m.lindaikejisblog.com/2017/05/photos-from-wedding-of-former-militant.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Linda Ikeji's Blog |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Korkus">{{Cite web |last=Korkus |first=Stella Dimoko |title=Former Militant BOYLOAF Marries His Pregnant Side Chick |url=https://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2017/01/former-militant-boyloaf-marries-his.html?m=1 |access-date=2024-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-04 |title=Popular Niger/Delta Billionaire Militant, Boyloaf Marries Cute American Lady In Houston, Texas |url=https://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,331109.0.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Gistmania |language=en}}</ref> Ma'auratan a baya sun yi maraba da 'yar kuma suna jiran wani yaro a lokacin bikin aurensu, bayan sun keɓe ɗansu na farko a cikin 2016. <ref name="Korkus" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-06 |title=Ex-Niger Delta Militant Gen Boyloaf & Wife Hit The Dance Floor At Their Child's Dedication |url=https://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,297154.0.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Gistmania |language=en}}</ref> Aure na biyu: A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2022, Boyloaf ya sake yin aure ga Faridia Olivia, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Korkus |first=Stella Dimoko |title=EX Niger Delta Agitator Boyloaf Marries Olivia, Widow Of Late Gov |url=https://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2022/12/ex-niger-delta-militant-boyloaf-marries.html?m=1 |access-date=2024-10-20}}</ref> a wani bikin a [[Makurdi|Markurdi]], [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]]. Faridia ita ce gwauruwar Audu Abubakar, tsohon Gwamnan [[Jihar Kogi]], Najeriya. '''''Ilimi''''' A cikin 2021, Ebikabowei Victor-Ben ya sami muhimmiyar ci gaba ta ilimi ta hanyar kammala karatunsa tare da digiri na farko a cikin dangantakar kasa da kasa da diflomasiyya daga [[Jami'ar Baze]] da ke Abuja.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Naku |first=Dennis |date=2021-10-27 |title=Dikio lauds ex-MEND leader, Boyloaf, for bagging first class from Abuja varsity |url=https://punchng.com/dikio-lauds-ex-mend-leader-boyloaf-for-bagging-first-class-from-abuja-varsity/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=DT |first=DailyTrust |date=2021-10-30 |title=Niger Delta ex-militant, Boyloaf, bags first class - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/niger-delta-ex-militant-boyloaf-bags-first-class/ |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=dailytrust |language=en-US}}</ref> Ilimi ya ba shi kyakkyawar fahimta da ƙwarewa waɗanda yake da niyyar amfani da su wajen magance ƙalubalen da al'ummarsa da yankin Niger Delta ke fuskanta. == Sojoji da Gwagwarmaya == Boyloaf ya shiga sabuwar ƙungiyar Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta a shekara ta 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Victor Ben Ebikabowei (Boyloaf) {{!}} Profile {{!}} Africa Confidential |url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/3871/Victor_Ben_Ebikabowei |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=www.africa-confidential.com |language=en}}</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba Boyloaf ya zama sananne a cikin MEND saboda ƙwarewarsa ta ƙwarewa kuma an sanya shi na 3 mafi girma a cikin MENT bayan [[Asari-Dokubo|Dokubo-Asari]] da [[Henry Okah]]. Sunan Boyloaf ya zama sananne a ko'ina cikin Neja Delta kuma Boyloaf ta dauki daruruwan mutane kuma ta mayar da su sojoji masu horar da su. A shekara ta 2008 Boyloaf yana da tasiri a kan sojoji da mutane da yawa a duk yankin Neja Delta. A ranar 27 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 2009, [[Umaru Musa Yar'adua|Shugaban Najeriya na 13 Umaru Musa Yar'Adua GCFR]] ya ba Boyloaf afuwa a Port Harcourt. Shi ne mai fafutuka na farko kuma memba na [[MEND]] da ya sami afuwa daga gwamnatin tarayya ta Najeriya. Bayan shi, wasu sun biyo baya. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan barin MEND ya zama mai aiki a fagen siyasa na Najeriya. A ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2010 MEND ta dasa bama-bamai biyu a babban birnin [[Abuja]] inda ta kashe mutane 12 kuma ta jikkata 17. An kama Boyloaf amma nan da nan aka sake shi. An sake kama Boyloaf a ranar 13 ga Janairu, 2012 bayan bam din mota ya fashe a wani gari da ya kasance a ranar da ta gabata. Har ila yau ya sake shi ba da daɗewa ba. A ƙarshen 2012 Boyloaf ya fara inganta shugaban Najeriya [[Goodluck Jonathan]] don zaben Najeriya na 2015. Saboda karuwar ayyukan MEND a farkon 2013 an sake kama Boyloaf a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 2013 kuma an sake shi ba da daɗewa ba. Ko da yake kwanakin Boyloaf na yaƙi sun yi nisa da shi ya ce idan babu ci gaba a cikin Delta na Nijar kuma mutanen Delta suna ci gaba da shan wahala zai koma yaƙi. == Tattaunawa da Rikici == '''Zarge-zargen Rashin Halin Kudi''' A farkon 2024, mai kula na wucin gadi na Shirin Amnesty na Shugaban kasa (PAP) ya zargi Boyloaf da mummunar hali na kudi. Zarge-zarge sun fito cewa Ofishin Mai ba da shawara na Musamman ga Shugaban kasa a kan Neja Delta da sauran MDAs na gwamnati sun keta dokokin nuna gaskiya ta kudi ta hanyar amincewa da biyan kuɗi na jama'a a cikin asusun masu zaman kansu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mbah |first=Green |date=2024-02-12 |title=Stakeholders Fault Alleged Financial Wrongdoing Against Boyloaf |url=https://leadership.ng/stakeholders-fault-alleged-financial-wrongdoing-against-boyloaf/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |language=en-US}}</ref> Binciken bayanan kashewa daga Govspend ya nuna cewa Ofishin Mai ba da shawara na Musamman ga Shugaban Najeriya a kan Nijar Delta ya biya Boyloaf kusan N564.7 miliyan tsakanin Yuli da Nuwamba 2023 a cikin ma'amaloli 18.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mohammed |first=Yakubu |date=2024 |title=Nigerian MDAs paid over N159bn into private accounts in six years |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/665683-nigerian-mdas-paid-over-n159bn-into-private-accounts-in-six-years.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin Delta na Nijar sun yi Allah wadai da waɗannan zarge-zargen da aka yi wa Cif Ebikabowei Victor-Ben (Boyloaf). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mbah |first=Green |date=2024-02-12 |title=Stakeholders Fault Alleged Financial Wrongdoing Against Boyloaf |url=https://leadership.ng/stakeholders-fault-alleged-financial-wrongdoing-against-boyloaf/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Leadership News |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan hadin gwiwa, wanda ya hada da dattawa daga Ijaw National Congress (INC) , mambobin Majalisar Matasan Ijaw (IYC), sarakuna na gargajiya, da kungiyoyin matasa da mata daban-daban, sun nuna ikirarin a matsayin farautar maƙaryaci, hari na mutum, da kuma kokarin da aka yi na haifar da tashin hankali da rashin tsaro a yankin. '''Rikici da Tompolo''' Rikicin tsakanin Boyloaf da tsohon shugaban 'yan tawaye Gwamnatin Ekpemupolo, wanda aka fi sani da Tompolo, ya samo asali ne daga rashin jituwa game da kwangilar sa ido kan bututun mai da kuma zargin gudanar da Shirin Amnesty na Shugaban kasa (PAP). <ref>{{Cite web |last=sunnews |date=2024-05-01 |title=Ex-militant leader, Boyloaf dismiss calls for Amnesty Administrator's sack |url=https://thesun.ng/ex-militant-leader-boyloaf-dismiss-calls-for-amnesty-administrators-sack/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> Boyloaf ya zargi Tompolo da mallakar waɗannan kwangila da amfani da haɗin siyasa don tabbatar da yarjejeniyoyi, yana ware wasu tsoffin 'yan ta'adda a cikin tsari. Sabanin haka, Tompolo ya yi iƙirarin cewa Boyloaf yana ƙoƙarin lalata ƙoƙarinsa da kuma lalata ci gaban yankin da aka samu ta hanyar waɗannan kwangila. Wannan takaddamar ta bayyana a cikin zarge-zargen jama'a, tare da bangarorin biyu suna zargin dalilai na kai da kuma kasa ba da fifiko ga bukatun al'ummomin Nijar Delta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-03 |title=Why Boyloaf, Gbaboyor are after Tompolo, Otuaro alleges |url=https://freshangleng.com/35227/why-boyloaf--gbaboyor-are-after-tompolo--otuaro-alleges |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Freshangle News |language=en}}</ref>The Niger Delta Progressive Agenda, ƙungiyar masu ruwa da tsaki sun yi kira suna roƙon Boyloaf ya sulhunta da Tompolo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Azeez |first=Kareem |date=2024-10-13 |title=Group urges Bayelsa militant leader Boyloaf to reconcile with Tompolo |url=https://guardian.ng/news/group-urges-bayelsa-militant-leader-boyloaf-to-reconcile-with-tompolo/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> Sun jaddada cewa hadin kai tsakanin tsoffin mayakan yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali a yankin Neja Delta. Kungiyar ta yi imanin cewa warware bambance-bambance na iya haifar da haɗin gwiwa mafi kyau kan ci gaban al'umma da batutuwan tsaro, a ƙarshe yana amfana da jama'ar yankin. '''Rikici tare da Janar Danjuma (rtd) ''' Rikicin tsakanin Boyloaf da [[Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma|Janar Theophilus Danjuma]] mai ritaya ya shafi ikirarin Boyloaf cewa Danjuma da sauran jami'an soja suna amfani da albarkatun mai na Neja Delta yayin da suke watsi da bukatun ci gaban yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nicholas |first=Ibekwe |date=2015 |title=Boyloaf hits back at Danjuma, threatens to attack retired general's oil assets |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/175951-boyloaf-hits-abck-danjuma-threatens-attack-retired-generals-oil-assets.html?tztc=1 |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Boyloaf ya yi barazanar yin niyya ga kadarorin mai na Danjuma idan ba a sami gagarumin ci gaba ga al'ummomin yankin ba. Ya jaddada bukatar lissafi da adalci ga mazaunan Neja Delta game da arzikin mai na yankin. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://premiumtimesng.com/news/3645-former-militant-boyloaf-becomes-presidential-envoy.html Preiumtimesng.com] * Nationalmirroronline.net[usurped] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130326190244/http://www.punchng.com/news/kuku-not-involved-in-boyloafs-arrest/ Punchng.com] * [http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/01/2015-asari-boyloaf-ateke-others-cannot-blackmail-jonathan-ajube/ Vanguardngr.com] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1971]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qorosl4pwonapi3u8xlxdpoxi929svk 550329 550327 2024-12-02T10:57:44Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Manazarta */ 550329 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ebikabowei "Boyloaf" Victor-Ben''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1971) tsohon kwamandan Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta ne. Ebikabowei ya fito ne daga garin Ezetu a yankin [[Southern Ijaw|Kudancin Ijaw]] na [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]], kodayake an haife shi a garin Ubiaruku, Ukwuani, a [[Delta (jiha)|Jihar Delta]].   Ya halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Community da ke Amadiam da Kwalejin Stella Maris da ke Fatakwal a Jihar Ribas.  Don haka, ya yi kuruciyarsa a jihohin Delta, Bayelsa, da Ribas, yana samun fahimtar yanayin rayuwar Neja-Delta.  jigo a fagen siyasar Najeriya. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Boyloaf yana daga cikin babban iyali, yana da 'yan'uwa takwas gabaɗaya. Abin takaici, ɗan'uwan ya mutu, ya bar ƙungiyar da ta haɗa da Tueridei Victor-Ben, Cif Selekaye Victor-Ben، Tari Victor-Ben. An zabi ɗan'uwansa, Cif Selekaye Ben Victor, a 2023 a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Bayelsa, <ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Akam |date=2023-03-24 |title=My Opponents are bad losers, I'm waiting for them in court - Bayelsa Lawmaker-elect |url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/03/24/my-opponents-are-bad-losers-im-waiting-for-them-in-court-bayelsa-lawmaker-elect/ |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ke wakiltar Mazabar Kudancin Ijaw IV. Ya gudu a karkashin tutar All Progressive Congress (APC). <ref>{{Cite web |title=ShineYourEye |url=https://www.shineyoureye.org/person/ben-selekaye-victor |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=www.shineyoureye.org}}</ref> Yayinda yake yaro, Ebikabowei ya ga rashin adalci mai zurfi a cikin Delta na Nijar, wanda ya motsa shi ya tsaya tsayayya da shi. Ya fara ƙoƙari don ba da shawara don daidaito da adalci a cikin al'ummarsa kuma nan da nan ya sami wasu waɗanda suka raba sha'awarsa. Ya ce, "Ba na ɗaukar kaina a matsayin mayaƙa ta hanyar halitta. Duk da haka, rashin adalci da na lura a kusa da ni ya tilasta ni in dauki mataki. Ni kaɗai ne daga cikin abokaina wanda ya tsaya ga mutanena. " A cikin shekarunsa na baya, Boyloaf ya zama fitaccen mutum a cikin ƙungiyar MEND, inda ya rike mukamin kwamandan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Allen |first=Ben |title=BBC - World Service - World Have Your Say: Your questions to senior MEND Commander Ebikabowei Victor Ben AKA General Boyloaf |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/worldhaveyoursay/2010/11/your_questions_to_senior_mend.html |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=www.bbc.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Matsayinsa na jagoranci ya sanya shi a kan gaba a ayyukan kungiyar, wanda ya nemi magance matsalolin da ke fuskantar yankin Neja Delta. Koyaya, a cikin shekara ta 2009, ya yanke shawara mai mahimmanci don barin MEND bayan da Shugaba Umaru Musa Yar'Adua ya ba shi afuwa. Wannan shirin afuwa, wanda Gwamnatin Jihar Bayelsa ta sauƙaƙe, wani ɓangare ne na babban shiri da nufin maido da zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali a yankin. Tun lokacin da ya tashi daga MEND, Boyloaf ya zaɓi kada ya haɗa kansa da wasu kungiyoyin masu fafutuka. Duk da haka, ya ci gaba da kasancewa da zurfi ga manufar mutanensa kuma yana ci gaba da samun bege ga samun 'yancin kai na yankin Neja Delta. '''''Aure''''' Aure na farko: Boyloaf ya ɗaure maɗaukaki tare da budurwarsa ta dogon lokaci, Onyi Maris, a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 2017, a wani bikin a [[Houston|Houston, Texas]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-05 |title=Photos from the wedding of former militant leader, Ebikabowei Victor aka Boyloaf in the US |url=https://m.lindaikejisblog.com/2017/05/photos-from-wedding-of-former-militant.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Linda Ikeji's Blog |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Korkus">{{Cite web |last=Korkus |first=Stella Dimoko |title=Former Militant BOYLOAF Marries His Pregnant Side Chick |url=https://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2017/01/former-militant-boyloaf-marries-his.html?m=1 |access-date=2024-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-04 |title=Popular Niger/Delta Billionaire Militant, Boyloaf Marries Cute American Lady In Houston, Texas |url=https://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,331109.0.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Gistmania |language=en}}</ref> Ma'auratan a baya sun yi maraba da 'yar kuma suna jiran wani yaro a lokacin bikin aurensu, bayan sun keɓe ɗansu na farko a cikin 2016. <ref name="Korkus" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-06 |title=Ex-Niger Delta Militant Gen Boyloaf & Wife Hit The Dance Floor At Their Child's Dedication |url=https://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,297154.0.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Gistmania |language=en}}</ref> Aure na biyu: A ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 2022, Boyloaf ya sake yin aure ga Faridia Olivia, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Korkus |first=Stella Dimoko |title=EX Niger Delta Agitator Boyloaf Marries Olivia, Widow Of Late Gov |url=https://www.stelladimokokorkus.com/2022/12/ex-niger-delta-militant-boyloaf-marries.html?m=1 |access-date=2024-10-20}}</ref> a wani bikin a [[Makurdi|Markurdi]], [[Benue (jiha)|Jihar Benue]]. Faridia ita ce gwauruwar Audu Abubakar, tsohon Gwamnan [[Jihar Kogi]], Najeriya. '''''Ilimi''''' A cikin 2021, Ebikabowei Victor-Ben ya sami muhimmiyar ci gaba ta ilimi ta hanyar kammala karatunsa tare da digiri na farko a cikin dangantakar kasa da kasa da diflomasiyya daga [[Jami'ar Baze]] da ke Abuja.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Naku |first=Dennis |date=2021-10-27 |title=Dikio lauds ex-MEND leader, Boyloaf, for bagging first class from Abuja varsity |url=https://punchng.com/dikio-lauds-ex-mend-leader-boyloaf-for-bagging-first-class-from-abuja-varsity/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=DT |first=DailyTrust |date=2021-10-30 |title=Niger Delta ex-militant, Boyloaf, bags first class - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/niger-delta-ex-militant-boyloaf-bags-first-class/ |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=dailytrust |language=en-US}}</ref> Ilimi ya ba shi kyakkyawar fahimta da ƙwarewa waɗanda yake da niyyar amfani da su wajen magance ƙalubalen da al'ummarsa da yankin Niger Delta ke fuskanta. == Sojoji da Gwagwarmaya == Boyloaf ya shiga sabuwar ƙungiyar Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta a shekara ta 2006. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Victor Ben Ebikabowei (Boyloaf) {{!}} Profile {{!}} Africa Confidential |url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/3871/Victor_Ben_Ebikabowei |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=www.africa-confidential.com |language=en}}</ref> Ba da daɗewa ba Boyloaf ya zama sananne a cikin MEND saboda ƙwarewarsa ta ƙwarewa kuma an sanya shi na 3 mafi girma a cikin MENT bayan [[Asari-Dokubo|Dokubo-Asari]] da [[Henry Okah]]. Sunan Boyloaf ya zama sananne a ko'ina cikin Neja Delta kuma Boyloaf ta dauki daruruwan mutane kuma ta mayar da su sojoji masu horar da su. A shekara ta 2008 Boyloaf yana da tasiri a kan sojoji da mutane da yawa a duk yankin Neja Delta. A ranar 27 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta 2009, [[Umaru Musa Yar'adua|Shugaban Najeriya na 13 Umaru Musa Yar'Adua GCFR]] ya ba Boyloaf afuwa a Port Harcourt. Shi ne mai fafutuka na farko kuma memba na [[MEND]] da ya sami afuwa daga gwamnatin tarayya ta Najeriya. Bayan shi, wasu sun biyo baya. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan barin MEND ya zama mai aiki a fagen siyasa na Najeriya. A ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 2010 MEND ta dasa bama-bamai biyu a babban birnin [[Abuja]] inda ta kashe mutane 12 kuma ta jikkata 17. An kama Boyloaf amma nan da nan aka sake shi. An sake kama Boyloaf a ranar 13 ga Janairu, 2012 bayan bam din mota ya fashe a wani gari da ya kasance a ranar da ta gabata. Har ila yau ya sake shi ba da daɗewa ba. A ƙarshen 2012 Boyloaf ya fara inganta shugaban Najeriya [[Goodluck Jonathan]] don zaben Najeriya na 2015. Saboda karuwar ayyukan MEND a farkon 2013 an sake kama Boyloaf a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 2013 kuma an sake shi ba da daɗewa ba. Ko da yake kwanakin Boyloaf na yaƙi sun yi nisa da shi ya ce idan babu ci gaba a cikin Delta na Nijar kuma mutanen Delta suna ci gaba da shan wahala zai koma yaƙi. == Tattaunawa da Rikici == '''Zarge-zargen Rashin Halin Kudi''' A farkon 2024, mai kula na wucin gadi na Shirin Amnesty na Shugaban kasa (PAP) ya zargi Boyloaf da mummunar hali na kudi. Zarge-zarge sun fito cewa Ofishin Mai ba da shawara na Musamman ga Shugaban kasa a kan Neja Delta da sauran MDAs na gwamnati sun keta dokokin nuna gaskiya ta kudi ta hanyar amincewa da biyan kuɗi na jama'a a cikin asusun masu zaman kansu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mbah |first=Green |date=2024-02-12 |title=Stakeholders Fault Alleged Financial Wrongdoing Against Boyloaf |url=https://leadership.ng/stakeholders-fault-alleged-financial-wrongdoing-against-boyloaf/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |language=en-US}}</ref> Binciken bayanan kashewa daga Govspend ya nuna cewa Ofishin Mai ba da shawara na Musamman ga Shugaban Najeriya a kan Nijar Delta ya biya Boyloaf kusan N564.7 miliyan tsakanin Yuli da Nuwamba 2023 a cikin ma'amaloli 18.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mohammed |first=Yakubu |date=2024 |title=Nigerian MDAs paid over N159bn into private accounts in six years |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/665683-nigerian-mdas-paid-over-n159bn-into-private-accounts-in-six-years.html |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin Delta na Nijar sun yi Allah wadai da waɗannan zarge-zargen da aka yi wa Cif Ebikabowei Victor-Ben (Boyloaf). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mbah |first=Green |date=2024-02-12 |title=Stakeholders Fault Alleged Financial Wrongdoing Against Boyloaf |url=https://leadership.ng/stakeholders-fault-alleged-financial-wrongdoing-against-boyloaf/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Leadership News |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan hadin gwiwa, wanda ya hada da dattawa daga Ijaw National Congress (INC) , mambobin Majalisar Matasan Ijaw (IYC), sarakuna na gargajiya, da kungiyoyin matasa da mata daban-daban, sun nuna ikirarin a matsayin farautar maƙaryaci, hari na mutum, da kuma kokarin da aka yi na haifar da tashin hankali da rashin tsaro a yankin. '''Rikici da Tompolo''' Rikicin tsakanin Boyloaf da tsohon shugaban 'yan tawaye Gwamnatin Ekpemupolo, wanda aka fi sani da Tompolo, ya samo asali ne daga rashin jituwa game da kwangilar sa ido kan bututun mai da kuma zargin gudanar da Shirin Amnesty na Shugaban kasa (PAP). <ref>{{Cite web |last=sunnews |date=2024-05-01 |title=Ex-militant leader, Boyloaf dismiss calls for Amnesty Administrator's sack |url=https://thesun.ng/ex-militant-leader-boyloaf-dismiss-calls-for-amnesty-administrators-sack/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref> Boyloaf ya zargi Tompolo da mallakar waɗannan kwangila da amfani da haɗin siyasa don tabbatar da yarjejeniyoyi, yana ware wasu tsoffin 'yan ta'adda a cikin tsari. Sabanin haka, Tompolo ya yi iƙirarin cewa Boyloaf yana ƙoƙarin lalata ƙoƙarinsa da kuma lalata ci gaban yankin da aka samu ta hanyar waɗannan kwangila. Wannan takaddamar ta bayyana a cikin zarge-zargen jama'a, tare da bangarorin biyu suna zargin dalilai na kai da kuma kasa ba da fifiko ga bukatun al'ummomin Nijar Delta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-03 |title=Why Boyloaf, Gbaboyor are after Tompolo, Otuaro alleges |url=https://freshangleng.com/35227/why-boyloaf--gbaboyor-are-after-tompolo--otuaro-alleges |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=Freshangle News |language=en}}</ref>The Niger Delta Progressive Agenda, ƙungiyar masu ruwa da tsaki sun yi kira suna roƙon Boyloaf ya sulhunta da Tompolo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Azeez |first=Kareem |date=2024-10-13 |title=Group urges Bayelsa militant leader Boyloaf to reconcile with Tompolo |url=https://guardian.ng/news/group-urges-bayelsa-militant-leader-boyloaf-to-reconcile-with-tompolo/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> Sun jaddada cewa hadin kai tsakanin tsoffin mayakan yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali a yankin Neja Delta. Kungiyar ta yi imanin cewa warware bambance-bambance na iya haifar da haɗin gwiwa mafi kyau kan ci gaban al'umma da batutuwan tsaro, a ƙarshe yana amfana da jama'ar yankin. '''Rikici tare da Janar Danjuma (rtd) ''' Rikicin tsakanin Boyloaf da [[Theophilus Yakubu Danjuma|Janar Theophilus Danjuma]] mai ritaya ya shafi ikirarin Boyloaf cewa Danjuma da sauran jami'an soja suna amfani da albarkatun mai na Neja Delta yayin da suke watsi da bukatun ci gaban yankin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nicholas |first=Ibekwe |date=2015 |title=Boyloaf hits back at Danjuma, threatens to attack retired general's oil assets |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/175951-boyloaf-hits-abck-danjuma-threatens-attack-retired-generals-oil-assets.html?tztc=1 |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Boyloaf ya yi barazanar yin niyya ga kadarorin mai na Danjuma idan ba a sami gagarumin ci gaba ga al'ummomin yankin ba. Ya jaddada bukatar lissafi da adalci ga mazaunan Neja Delta game da arzikin mai na yankin. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://premiumtimesng.com/news/3645-former-militant-boyloaf-becomes-presidential-envoy.html Preiumtimesng.com] * Nationalmirroronline.net[usurped] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130326190244/http://www.punchng.com/news/kuku-not-involved-in-boyloafs-arrest/ Punchng.com] * [http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/01/2015-asari-boyloaf-ateke-others-cannot-blackmail-jonathan-ajube/ Vanguardngr.com] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1971]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] g79rzeo2kf01smx3k21v46mxo28tijh 0 88429 550336 2024-12-02T11:01:12Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259451408|Mthunzi Vilakazi]]" 550336 wikitext text/x-wiki Mthunzi Isaac Vilakazi (23 Satumba 1955 - 16 Fabrairu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne daga Mpumalanga . Ya wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin kasar daga shekarar 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. == Aikin majalisa == An haifi Vilakazi a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1955. <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> An zabe shi dan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa a zaben farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994 kuma ya sake samun zabe a 1999, yana wakiltar mazabar Mpumalanga . <ref name=":02" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == An auri Gloria Vilakazi kuma ya zauna a Witbank, Mpumalanga . Ya rasu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2000. <ref name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2002-06-02 |title=The National Assembly List of Resinations and Nominations |url=http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602095739/http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |archive-date=2 June 2002 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ko da yake jam'iyyar ANC ta ki cewa uffan kan musabbabin mutuwarsa, kuma uwargidansa ta ce ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka taso daga kodar da hanta, <ref name=":0" /> mutuwarsa ta zo daidai da kololuwar annobar cutar kanjamau a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya kasance. jita-jita cewa yana da alaƙa da AIDS. Jita-jitar ta haifar da muhawara a majalisar game da rawar da 'yan majalisar suka taka wajen bata cutar HIV. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] 59ytfbggd7wvb2jlp4p5s437y51ppwe 550338 550336 2024-12-02T11:01:59Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 550338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mthunzi Isaac Vilakazi''' (23 Satumba 1955 - 16 Fabrairu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne daga Mpumalanga . Ya wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin kasar daga shekarar 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. == Aikin majalisa == An haifi Vilakazi a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1955. <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> An zabe shi dan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa a zaben farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994 kuma ya sake samun zabe a 1999, yana wakiltar mazabar Mpumalanga . <ref name=":02" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == An auri Gloria Vilakazi kuma ya zauna a Witbank, Mpumalanga . Ya rasu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2000. <ref name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2002-06-02 |title=The National Assembly List of Resinations and Nominations |url=http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602095739/http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |archive-date=2 June 2002 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ko da yake jam'iyyar ANC ta ki cewa uffan kan musabbabin mutuwarsa, kuma uwargidansa ta ce ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka taso daga kodar da hanta, <ref name=":0" /> mutuwarsa ta zo daidai da kololuwar annobar cutar kanjamau a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya kasance. jita-jita cewa yana da alaƙa da AIDS. Jita-jitar ta haifar da muhawara a majalisar game da rawar da 'yan majalisar suka taka wajen bata cutar HIV. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] e835dqyr5l5z46ppwjqvkkvoq730t7p 550341 550338 2024-12-02T11:02:34Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa */ 550341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mthunzi Isaac Vilakazi''' (23 Satumba 1955 - 16 Fabrairu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne daga Mpumalanga . Ya wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin kasar daga shekarar 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. == Aikin majalisa == An haifi Vilakazi a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1955. <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> An zabe shi dan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa a zaben farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994 kuma ya sake samun zabe a 1999, yana wakiltar mazabar Mpumalanga . <ref name=":02" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == An auri Gloria Vilakazi kuma ya zauna a Witbank, Mpumalanga . Ya rasu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2000. <ref>name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2002-06-02 |title=The National Assembly List of Resinations and Nominations |url=http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602095739/http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |archive-date=2 June 2002 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ko da yake jam'iyyar ANC ta ki cewa uffan kan musabbabin mutuwarsa, kuma uwargidansa ta ce ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka taso daga kodar da hanta, <ref name=":0" /> mutuwarsa ta zo daidai da kololuwar annobar cutar kanjamau a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya kasance. jita-jita cewa yana da alaƙa da AIDS. Jita-jitar ta haifar da muhawara a majalisar game da rawar da 'yan majalisar suka taka wajen bata cutar HIV. <ref> name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] 9gbslqcpehj49817boms9tc9nveqs7z 550344 550341 2024-12-02T11:03:09Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa */ 550344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mthunzi Isaac Vilakazi''' (23 Satumba 1955 - 16 Fabrairu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne daga Mpumalanga . Ya wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin kasar daga shekarar 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. == Aikin majalisa == An haifi Vilakazi a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1955. <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> An zabe shi dan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa a zaben farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994 kuma ya sake samun zabe a 1999, yana wakiltar mazabar Mpumalanga . <ref name=":02" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == An auri Gloria Vilakazi kuma ya zauna a Witbank, Mpumalanga . Ya rasu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2000. <ref>name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2002-06-02 |title=The National Assembly List of Resinations and Nominations |url=http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602095739/http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |archive-date=2 June 2002 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ko da yake jam'iyyar ANC ta ki cewa uffan kan musabbabin mutuwarsa, kuma uwargidansa ta ce ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka taso daga kodar da hanta, <ref name=":0" /> mutuwarsa ta zo daidai da kololuwar annobar cutar kanjamau a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya kasance. jita-jita cewa yana da alaƙa da AIDS. Jita-jitar ta haifar da muhawara a majalisar game da rawar da 'yan majalisar suka taka wajen bata cutar HIV. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] 4701cf32bi8rol1yrunjrgu0tgobh9k 550345 550344 2024-12-02T11:03:37Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa */ 550345 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mthunzi Isaac Vilakazi''' (23 Satumba 1955 - 16 Fabrairu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne daga Mpumalanga . Ya wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin kasar daga shekarar 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. == Aikin majalisa == An haifi Vilakazi a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1955. <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> An zabe shi dan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa a zaben farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994 kuma ya sake samun zabe a 1999, yana wakiltar mazabar Mpumalanga . <ref name=":02" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == An auri Gloria Vilakazi kuma ya zauna a Witbank, Mpumalanga . Ya rasu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2000. <ref>name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2002-06-02 |title=The National Assembly List of Resinations and Nominations |url=http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602095739/http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |archive-date=2 June 2002 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ko da yake jam'iyyar ANC ta ki cewa uffan kan musabbabin mutuwarsa, kuma uwargidansa ta ce ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka taso daga kodar da hanta, mutuwarsa ta zo daidai da kololuwar annobar cutar kanjamau a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya kasance. jita-jita cewa yana da alaƙa da AIDS. Jita-jitar ta haifar da muhawara a majalisar game da rawar da 'yan majalisar suka taka wajen bata cutar HIV. <ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] jelu9zwxf7txjruhw893gpmzjt2jbny 550347 550345 2024-12-02T11:04:27Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa */ 550347 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mthunzi Isaac Vilakazi''' (23 Satumba 1955 - 16 Fabrairu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne daga Mpumalanga . Ya wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin kasar daga shekarar 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. == Aikin majalisa == An haifi Vilakazi a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1955. <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> An zabe shi dan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa a zaben farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994 kuma ya sake samun zabe a 1999, yana wakiltar mazabar Mpumalanga . <ref name=":02" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == An auri Gloria Vilakazi kuma ya zauna a Witbank, Mpumalanga . Ya rasu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2000. <ref>name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2002-06-02 |title=The National Assembly List of Resinations and Nominations |url=http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602095739/http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |archive-date=2 June 2002 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ko da yake jam'iyyar ANC ta ki cewa uffan kan musabbabin mutuwarsa, kuma uwargidansa ta ce ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka taso daga kodar da hanta, mutuwarsa ta zo daidai da kololuwar annobar cutar kanjamau a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya kasance. jita-jita cewa yana da alaƙa da AIDS. Jita-jitar ta haifar da muhawara a majalisar game da rawar da 'yan majalisar suka taka wajen bata cutar HIV.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] q4xqecl7sfe83a8etdazem4v2d25kmb 550349 550347 2024-12-02T11:05:00Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550349 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mthunzi Isaac Vilakazi''' (23 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta 1955 zuwa 16 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne daga Mpumalanga . Ya wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin kasar daga shekarar 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. == Aikin majalisa == An haifi Vilakazi a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1955. <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> An zabe shi dan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa a zaben farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994 kuma ya sake samun zabe a 1999, yana wakiltar mazabar Mpumalanga . <ref name=":02" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == An auri Gloria Vilakazi kuma ya zauna a Witbank, Mpumalanga . Ya rasu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2000. <ref>name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2002-06-02 |title=The National Assembly List of Resinations and Nominations |url=http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602095739/http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |archive-date=2 June 2002 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ko da yake jam'iyyar ANC ta ki cewa uffan kan musabbabin mutuwarsa, kuma uwargidansa ta ce ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka taso daga kodar da hanta, mutuwarsa ta zo daidai da kololuwar annobar cutar kanjamau a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya kasance. jita-jita cewa yana da alaƙa da AIDS. Jita-jitar ta haifar da muhawara a majalisar game da rawar da 'yan majalisar suka taka wajen bata cutar HIV.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] igut25dl8ef1t6fs63z1p6vziexl9gu 550351 550349 2024-12-02T11:05:32Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550351 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mthunzi Isaac Vilakazi''' (23 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta 1955 zuwa 16 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne daga Mpumalanga . Ya wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin kasar daga shekarar 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. == Aikin majalisa == An haifi Vilakazi a ranar 23 ga watan Satumban shekarar 1955. <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> An zabe shi dan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa a zaben farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994 kuma ya sake samun zabe a 1999, yana wakiltar mazabar Mpumalanga . <ref name=":02" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == An auri Gloria Vilakazi kuma ya zauna a Witbank, Mpumalanga . Ya rasu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2000. <ref>name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2002-06-02 |title=The National Assembly List of Resinations and Nominations |url=http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602095739/http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |archive-date=2 June 2002 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ko da yake jam'iyyar ANC ta ki cewa uffan kan musabbabin mutuwarsa, kuma uwargidansa ta ce ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka taso daga kodar da hanta, mutuwarsa ta zo daidai da kololuwar annobar cutar kanjamau a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya kasance. jita-jita cewa yana da alaƙa da AIDS. Jita-jitar ta haifar da muhawara a majalisar game da rawar da 'yan majalisar suka taka wajen bata cutar HIV.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] 2o9c623clvishw989t37yxtsg00a7ie 550352 550351 2024-12-02T11:05:51Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550352 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mthunzi Isaac Vilakazi''' (23 ga watan Satumba, shekara ta 1955 zuwa 16 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne daga Mpumalanga . Ya wakilci jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC) a majalisar dokokin kasar daga shekarar 1994 har zuwa rasuwarsa a shekara ta 2000. == Aikin majalisa == An haifi Vilakazi a ranar 23 ga watan Satumban shekarar 1955. <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> An zabe shi dan Majalisar Dokoki ta kasa a zaben farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a shekara ta 1994 kuma ya sake samun zabe a shekara ta 1999, yana wakiltar mazabar Mpumalanga . <ref name=":02" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == An auri Gloria Vilakazi kuma ya zauna a Witbank, Mpumalanga . Ya rasu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2000. <ref>name=":03">{{Cite web |date=2002-06-02 |title=The National Assembly List of Resinations and Nominations |url=http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020602095739/http://parliament.gov.za/na/resign.htm |archive-date=2 June 2002 |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> Ko da yake jam'iyyar ANC ta ki cewa uffan kan musabbabin mutuwarsa, kuma uwargidansa ta ce ya mutu ne sakamakon matsalolin da suka taso daga kodar da hanta, mutuwarsa ta zo daidai da kololuwar annobar cutar kanjamau a Afirka ta Kudu kuma ya kasance. jita-jita cewa yana da alaƙa da AIDS. Jita-jitar ta haifar da muhawara a majalisar game da rawar da 'yan majalisar suka taka wajen bata cutar HIV.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar Afirka ta Kudu da suka mutu a kan mukamansu == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1955]] 03j7ayivslj4niva7gktebydh4uj52n 0 88430 550339 2024-12-02T11:02:03Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1250550076|Laz Unaogu]]" 550339 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai Dokta Laz Unaogu''' (27 ga Fabrairu 1956 - 6 ga Yulin 2004) ya kasance Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya kuma Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman. Ya kuma rike mukamai da yawa na siyasa a cikin gwamnatin Najeriya. An san shi da Physicist a cikin Gwamnati. [[Fayil:Dr_Laz_Unaogu.jpg|thumb|Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya (1993) da Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman (1995).]] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Eziama, Jihar Imo, Unaogu ya kammala karatun kimiyyar lissafi a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka (UNN)]] kuma shine mafi kyawun ɗaliban da ya kammala karatu a Sashen Physics 1981. A shekara ta 1984, ya sami MSc. a cikin Makamashi da Kimiyyar Kayan aiki daga Sashen Physics da Astronomy, Jami'ar Najeriya. Ya shiga shirin Ph.D. na Solar Energy a Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi, Calcutta Indiya inda ya kammala rubutunsa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi (ƙwarewa a ci gaban lu'ulu'u da halayyar). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Event details: Third International Seminar on Theoretical Physics and National Development (ISOTPAND2010) - physicsworld.com |url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/event/15271 |access-date=2016-04-11 |website=physicsworld.com}}</ref> Bayan karatunsa, an nada shi shugaban Sashen Masana'antu a Jami'ar Nnamdi Azikiwe, Awka . Ya auri Dokta Ijeoma Christiana Iboko a shekarar 1984 kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyar. == Ayyukan siyasa == Sha'awar Dr. Unaogu a siyasa ta fara ne yayin da yake jami'a. A lokacin karatunsa na farko a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], ya kasance memba na majalisar dalibai inda aka kiyasta shi mafi kyawun dan majalisa. An kuma zabe shi Shugaban kungiyar daliban digiri na biyu. Ya ci gaba da sha'awarsa ga siyasa kuma an zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, wakiltar Mbaitolu, mazabar [[Ikeduru]] a cikin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]], 1992 a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican (NRC). A shekara ta 1993, gwamnatin farar hula ta Ernest Shonekan ta fada hannun Janar Sani Abacha wanda ya mayar da kasar ga gwamnatin soja. [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] yana neman Sakataren Kimiyya da Fasaha kuma ta hanyar shawarwari, Janar Abacha ya nada Dokta Laz Unaogu a matsayin Ministan Kimiyya da Tattalin Arziki a watan Nuwamba 1993. A cikin aikin sake fasalin majalisa na 1995, an tura Dr Unaogu zuwa Shugaban kasa a matsayin Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1998. == Kimiyya da Fasaha == A matsayinsa na Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Dr Unaogu ya taimaka wajen sake tsara ma'aikatar kuma ya jagoranci tafiya daga Legas zuwa Abuja biyo bayan Gwamnatin [[Ernest Shonekan]] ta wucin gadi. == Sanarwar Jama'a == Dokta Laz Unaogu yana da titin da aka sanya masa suna a Babban Birnin Tarayya, [[Abuja]] da [[Owerri]], Jihar Imo . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] 6j9e8wsgkm6x2hpqtaml8pumouizsea 550342 550339 2024-12-02T11:02:48Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dokta Laz Unaogu''' (27 ga Fabrairu 1956 - 6 ga Yulin 2004) ya kasance Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya kuma Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman. Ya kuma rike mukamai da yawa na siyasa a cikin gwamnatin Najeriya. An san shi da Physicist a cikin Gwamnati. [[Fayil:Dr_Laz_Unaogu.jpg|thumb|Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya (1993) da Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman (1995).]] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Eziama, Jihar Imo, Unaogu ya kammala karatun kimiyyar lissafi a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka (UNN)]] kuma shine mafi kyawun ɗaliban da ya kammala karatu a Sashen Physics 1981. A shekara ta 1984, ya sami MSc. a cikin Makamashi da Kimiyyar Kayan aiki daga Sashen Physics da Astronomy, Jami'ar Najeriya. Ya shiga shirin Ph.D. na Solar Energy a Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi, Calcutta Indiya inda ya kammala rubutunsa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi (ƙwarewa a ci gaban lu'ulu'u da halayyar). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Event details: Third International Seminar on Theoretical Physics and National Development (ISOTPAND2010) - physicsworld.com |url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/event/15271 |access-date=2016-04-11 |website=physicsworld.com}}</ref> Bayan karatunsa, an nada shi shugaban Sashen Masana'antu a Jami'ar Nnamdi Azikiwe, Awka . Ya auri Dokta Ijeoma Christiana Iboko a shekarar 1984 kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyar. == Ayyukan siyasa == Sha'awar Dr. Unaogu a siyasa ta fara ne yayin da yake jami'a. A lokacin karatunsa na farko a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], ya kasance memba na majalisar dalibai inda aka kiyasta shi mafi kyawun dan majalisa. An kuma zabe shi Shugaban kungiyar daliban digiri na biyu. Ya ci gaba da sha'awarsa ga siyasa kuma an zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, wakiltar Mbaitolu, mazabar [[Ikeduru]] a cikin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]], 1992 a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican (NRC). A shekara ta 1993, gwamnatin farar hula ta Ernest Shonekan ta fada hannun Janar Sani Abacha wanda ya mayar da kasar ga gwamnatin soja. [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] yana neman Sakataren Kimiyya da Fasaha kuma ta hanyar shawarwari, Janar Abacha ya nada Dokta Laz Unaogu a matsayin Ministan Kimiyya da Tattalin Arziki a watan Nuwamba 1993. A cikin aikin sake fasalin majalisa na 1995, an tura Dr Unaogu zuwa Shugaban kasa a matsayin Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1998. == Kimiyya da Fasaha == A matsayinsa na Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Dr Unaogu ya taimaka wajen sake tsara ma'aikatar kuma ya jagoranci tafiya daga Legas zuwa Abuja biyo bayan Gwamnatin [[Ernest Shonekan]] ta wucin gadi. == Sanarwar Jama'a == Dokta Laz Unaogu yana da titin da aka sanya masa suna a Babban Birnin Tarayya, [[Abuja]] da [[Owerri]], Jihar Imo . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] n2w7y5836k0jc2f2m2e65phqbykzoug 550346 550342 2024-12-02T11:03:50Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dokta Laz Unaogu''' (27 ga Fabrairu 1956 - 6 ga Yulin 2004) ya kasance Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya kuma Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman. Ya kuma rike mukamai da yawa na siyasa a cikin gwamnatin Najeriya. An san shi da Physicist a cikin Gwamnati.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200407120511.html|title=Nigeria: Unaogu, Former Minister, Dies|last=Nkwopara|first=Chidi|date=2004-07-12|work=Vanguard (Lagos)|access-date=2018-01-03}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dr_Laz_Unaogu.jpg|thumb|Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya (1993) da Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman (1995).]] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Eziama, Jihar Imo, Unaogu ya kammala karatun kimiyyar lissafi a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka (UNN)]] kuma shine mafi kyawun ɗaliban da ya kammala karatu a Sashen Physics 1981. A shekara ta 1984, ya sami MSc. a cikin Makamashi da Kimiyyar Kayan aiki daga Sashen Physics da Astronomy, Jami'ar Najeriya. Ya shiga shirin Ph.D. na Solar Energy a Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi, Calcutta Indiya inda ya kammala rubutunsa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi (ƙwarewa a ci gaban lu'ulu'u da halayyar). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Event details: Third International Seminar on Theoretical Physics and National Development (ISOTPAND2010) - physicsworld.com |url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/event/15271 |access-date=2016-04-11 |website=physicsworld.com}}</ref> Bayan karatunsa, an nada shi shugaban Sashen Masana'antu a Jami'ar Nnamdi Azikiwe, Awka . Ya auri Dokta Ijeoma Christiana Iboko a shekarar 1984 kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyar. == Ayyukan siyasa == Sha'awar Dr. Unaogu a siyasa ta fara ne yayin da yake jami'a. A lokacin karatunsa na farko a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], ya kasance memba na majalisar dalibai inda aka kiyasta shi mafi kyawun dan majalisa. An kuma zabe shi Shugaban kungiyar daliban digiri na biyu. Ya ci gaba da sha'awarsa ga siyasa kuma an zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, wakiltar Mbaitolu, mazabar [[Ikeduru]] a cikin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]], 1992 a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican (NRC). A shekara ta 1993, gwamnatin farar hula ta Ernest Shonekan ta fada hannun Janar Sani Abacha wanda ya mayar da kasar ga gwamnatin soja. [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] yana neman Sakataren Kimiyya da Fasaha kuma ta hanyar shawarwari, Janar Abacha ya nada Dokta Laz Unaogu a matsayin Ministan Kimiyya da Tattalin Arziki a watan Nuwamba 1993. A cikin aikin sake fasalin majalisa na 1995, an tura Dr Unaogu zuwa Shugaban kasa a matsayin Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1998. == Kimiyya da Fasaha == A matsayinsa na Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Dr Unaogu ya taimaka wajen sake tsara ma'aikatar kuma ya jagoranci tafiya daga Legas zuwa Abuja biyo bayan Gwamnatin [[Ernest Shonekan]] ta wucin gadi. == Sanarwar Jama'a == Dokta Laz Unaogu yana da titin da aka sanya masa suna a Babban Birnin Tarayya, [[Abuja]] da [[Owerri]], Jihar Imo . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] 7ziecqaoln12ahjk5k81zrez1ss4fng 550348 550346 2024-12-02T11:04:47Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dokta Laz Unaogu''' (27 ga Fabrairu 1956 - 6 ga Yulin 2004) ya kasance Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya kuma Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman.<ref>Manby, Bronwen. "Nigeria: Transition Or Travesty". ''Human Rights Watch'' 9.6 (1997): 1-58. </ref> Ya kuma rike mukamai da yawa na siyasa a cikin gwamnatin Najeriya. An san shi da Physicist a cikin Gwamnati.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200407120511.html|title=Nigeria: Unaogu, Former Minister, Dies|last=Nkwopara|first=Chidi|date=2004-07-12|work=Vanguard (Lagos)|access-date=2018-01-03}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dr_Laz_Unaogu.jpg|thumb|Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya (1993) da Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman (1995).]] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Eziama, Jihar Imo, Unaogu ya kammala karatun kimiyyar lissafi a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka (UNN)]] kuma shine mafi kyawun ɗaliban da ya kammala karatu a Sashen Physics 1981. A shekara ta 1984, ya sami MSc. a cikin Makamashi da Kimiyyar Kayan aiki daga Sashen Physics da Astronomy, Jami'ar Najeriya. Ya shiga shirin Ph.D. na Solar Energy a Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi, Calcutta Indiya inda ya kammala rubutunsa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi (ƙwarewa a ci gaban lu'ulu'u da halayyar). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Event details: Third International Seminar on Theoretical Physics and National Development (ISOTPAND2010) - physicsworld.com |url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/event/15271 |access-date=2016-04-11 |website=physicsworld.com}}</ref> Bayan karatunsa, an nada shi shugaban Sashen Masana'antu a Jami'ar Nnamdi Azikiwe, Awka . Ya auri Dokta Ijeoma Christiana Iboko a shekarar 1984 kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyar. == Ayyukan siyasa == Sha'awar Dr. Unaogu a siyasa ta fara ne yayin da yake jami'a. A lokacin karatunsa na farko a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], ya kasance memba na majalisar dalibai inda aka kiyasta shi mafi kyawun dan majalisa. An kuma zabe shi Shugaban kungiyar daliban digiri na biyu. Ya ci gaba da sha'awarsa ga siyasa kuma an zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, wakiltar Mbaitolu, mazabar [[Ikeduru]] a cikin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]], 1992 a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican (NRC). A shekara ta 1993, gwamnatin farar hula ta Ernest Shonekan ta fada hannun Janar Sani Abacha wanda ya mayar da kasar ga gwamnatin soja. [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] yana neman Sakataren Kimiyya da Fasaha kuma ta hanyar shawarwari, Janar Abacha ya nada Dokta Laz Unaogu a matsayin Ministan Kimiyya da Tattalin Arziki a watan Nuwamba 1993. A cikin aikin sake fasalin majalisa na 1995, an tura Dr Unaogu zuwa Shugaban kasa a matsayin Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1998. == Kimiyya da Fasaha == A matsayinsa na Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Dr Unaogu ya taimaka wajen sake tsara ma'aikatar kuma ya jagoranci tafiya daga Legas zuwa Abuja biyo bayan Gwamnatin [[Ernest Shonekan]] ta wucin gadi. == Sanarwar Jama'a == Dokta Laz Unaogu yana da titin da aka sanya masa suna a Babban Birnin Tarayya, [[Abuja]] da [[Owerri]], Jihar Imo . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] n2dtjoh0njgckqqs8hq4bntc5z6lo02 550355 550348 2024-12-02T11:07:00Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550355 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dokta Laz Unaogu''' (27 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1956 zuwa 6 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2004) ya kasance Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya kuma Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman.<ref>Manby, Bronwen. "Nigeria: Transition Or Travesty". ''Human Rights Watch'' 9.6 (1997): 1-58. </ref> Ya kuma rike mukamai da yawa na siyasa a cikin gwamnatin Najeriya. An san shi da Physicist a cikin Gwamnati.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200407120511.html|title=Nigeria: Unaogu, Former Minister, Dies|last=Nkwopara|first=Chidi|date=2004-07-12|work=Vanguard (Lagos)|access-date=2018-01-03}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dr_Laz_Unaogu.jpg|thumb|Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya (1993) da Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman (1995).]] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Eziama, Jihar Imo, Unaogu ya kammala karatun kimiyyar lissafi a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka (UNN)]] kuma shine mafi kyawun ɗaliban da ya kammala karatu a Sashen Physics 1981. A shekara ta 1984, ya sami MSc. a cikin Makamashi da Kimiyyar Kayan aiki daga Sashen Physics da Astronomy, Jami'ar Najeriya. Ya shiga shirin Ph.D. na Solar Energy a Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi, Calcutta Indiya inda ya kammala rubutunsa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi (ƙwarewa a ci gaban lu'ulu'u da halayyar). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Event details: Third International Seminar on Theoretical Physics and National Development (ISOTPAND2010) - physicsworld.com |url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/event/15271 |access-date=2016-04-11 |website=physicsworld.com}}</ref> Bayan karatunsa, an nada shi shugaban Sashen Masana'antu a Jami'ar Nnamdi Azikiwe, Awka . Ya auri Dokta Ijeoma Christiana Iboko a shekarar 1984 kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyar. == Ayyukan siyasa == Sha'awar Dr. Unaogu a siyasa ta fara ne yayin da yake jami'a. A lokacin karatunsa na farko a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], ya kasance memba na majalisar dalibai inda aka kiyasta shi mafi kyawun dan majalisa. An kuma zabe shi Shugaban kungiyar daliban digiri na biyu. Ya ci gaba da sha'awarsa ga siyasa kuma an zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, wakiltar Mbaitolu, mazabar [[Ikeduru]] a cikin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]], 1992 a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican (NRC). A shekara ta 1993, gwamnatin farar hula ta Ernest Shonekan ta fada hannun Janar Sani Abacha wanda ya mayar da kasar ga gwamnatin soja. [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] yana neman Sakataren Kimiyya da Fasaha kuma ta hanyar shawarwari, Janar Abacha ya nada Dokta Laz Unaogu a matsayin Ministan Kimiyya da Tattalin Arziki a watan Nuwamba 1993. A cikin aikin sake fasalin majalisa na 1995, an tura Dr Unaogu zuwa Shugaban kasa a matsayin Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1998. == Kimiyya da Fasaha == A matsayinsa na Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Dr Unaogu ya taimaka wajen sake tsara ma'aikatar kuma ya jagoranci tafiya daga Legas zuwa Abuja biyo bayan Gwamnatin [[Ernest Shonekan]] ta wucin gadi. == Sanarwar Jama'a == Dokta Laz Unaogu yana da titin da aka sanya masa suna a Babban Birnin Tarayya, [[Abuja]] da [[Owerri]], Jihar Imo . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] ik6qqb2fx0yhjxkkgefdif1h2lnduly 550357 550355 2024-12-02T11:07:23Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dokta Laz Unaogu''' (27 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1956 zuwa 6 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2004) ya kasance Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya kuma Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman.<ref>Manby, Bronwen. "Nigeria: Transition Or Travesty". ''Human Rights Watch'' 9.6 (1997): 1-58. </ref> Ya kuma rike mukamai da yawa na siyasa a cikin gwamnatin Najeriya. An san shi da Physicist a cikin Gwamnati.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200407120511.html|title=Nigeria: Unaogu, Former Minister, Dies|last=Nkwopara|first=Chidi|date=2004-07-12|work=Vanguard (Lagos)|access-date=2018-01-03}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dr_Laz_Unaogu.jpg|thumb|Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya (a shekarar 1993) da Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman (a shekarar 1995).]] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Eziama, Jihar Imo, Unaogu ya kammala karatun kimiyyar lissafi a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka (UNN)]] kuma shine mafi kyawun ɗaliban da ya kammala karatu a Sashen Physics 1981. A shekara ta 1984, ya sami MSc. a cikin Makamashi da Kimiyyar Kayan aiki daga Sashen Physics da Astronomy, Jami'ar Najeriya. Ya shiga shirin Ph.D. na Solar Energy a Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi, Calcutta Indiya inda ya kammala rubutunsa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi (ƙwarewa a ci gaban lu'ulu'u da halayyar). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Event details: Third International Seminar on Theoretical Physics and National Development (ISOTPAND2010) - physicsworld.com |url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/event/15271 |access-date=2016-04-11 |website=physicsworld.com}}</ref> Bayan karatunsa, an nada shi shugaban Sashen Masana'antu a Jami'ar Nnamdi Azikiwe, Awka . Ya auri Dokta Ijeoma Christiana Iboko a shekarar 1984 kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyar. == Ayyukan siyasa == Sha'awar Dr. Unaogu a siyasa ta fara ne yayin da yake jami'a. A lokacin karatunsa na farko a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], ya kasance memba na majalisar dalibai inda aka kiyasta shi mafi kyawun dan majalisa. An kuma zabe shi Shugaban kungiyar daliban digiri na biyu. Ya ci gaba da sha'awarsa ga siyasa kuma an zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, wakiltar Mbaitolu, mazabar [[Ikeduru]] a cikin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]], 1992 a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican (NRC). A shekara ta 1993, gwamnatin farar hula ta Ernest Shonekan ta fada hannun Janar Sani Abacha wanda ya mayar da kasar ga gwamnatin soja. [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] yana neman Sakataren Kimiyya da Fasaha kuma ta hanyar shawarwari, Janar Abacha ya nada Dokta Laz Unaogu a matsayin Ministan Kimiyya da Tattalin Arziki a watan Nuwamba 1993. A cikin aikin sake fasalin majalisa na 1995, an tura Dr Unaogu zuwa Shugaban kasa a matsayin Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1998. == Kimiyya da Fasaha == A matsayinsa na Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Dr Unaogu ya taimaka wajen sake tsara ma'aikatar kuma ya jagoranci tafiya daga Legas zuwa Abuja biyo bayan Gwamnatin [[Ernest Shonekan]] ta wucin gadi. == Sanarwar Jama'a == Dokta Laz Unaogu yana da titin da aka sanya masa suna a Babban Birnin Tarayya, [[Abuja]] da [[Owerri]], Jihar Imo . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] 278rtttdfsypjn3pid3a5eakft2ps21 550362 550357 2024-12-02T11:08:40Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550362 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dokta Laz Unaogu''' (27 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1956 zuwa 6 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2004) ya kasance Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya kuma Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman.<ref>Manby, Bronwen. "Nigeria: Transition Or Travesty". ''Human Rights Watch'' 9.6 (1997): 1-58. </ref> Ya kuma rike mukamai da yawa na siyasa a cikin gwamnatin Najeriya. An san shi da Physicist a cikin Gwamnati.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200407120511.html|title=Nigeria: Unaogu, Former Minister, Dies|last=Nkwopara|first=Chidi|date=2004-07-12|work=Vanguard (Lagos)|access-date=2018-01-03}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dr_Laz_Unaogu.jpg|thumb|Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya (a shekarar 1993) da Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman (a shekarar 1995).]] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Eziama, Jihar Imo, Unaogu ya kammala karatun kimiyyar lissafi a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka (UNN)]] kuma shine mafi kyawun ɗaliban da ya kammala karatu a Sashen Physics a shekarar 1981. A shekara ta 1984, ya sami MSc. a cikin Makamashi da Kimiyyar Kayan aiki daga Sashen Physics da Astronomy, Jami'ar Najeriya. Ya shiga shirin Ph.D. na Solar Energy a Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi, Calcutta Indiya inda ya kammala rubutunsa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi (ƙwarewa a ci gaban lu'ulu'u da halayyar). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Event details: Third International Seminar on Theoretical Physics and National Development (ISOTPAND2010) - physicsworld.com |url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/event/15271 |access-date=2016-04-11 |website=physicsworld.com}}</ref> Bayan karatunsa, an nada shi shugaban Sashen Masana'antu a Jami'ar Nnamdi Azikiwe, Awka . Ya auri Dokta Ijeoma Christiana Iboko a shekarar 1984 kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyar. == Ayyukan siyasa == Sha'awar Dr. Unaogu a siyasa ta fara ne yayin da yake jami'a. A lokacin karatunsa na farko a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], ya kasance memba na majalisar dalibai inda aka kiyasta shi mafi kyawun dan majalisa. An kuma zabe shi Shugaban kungiyar daliban digiri na biyu. Ya ci gaba da sha'awarsa ga siyasa kuma an zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, wakiltar Mbaitolu, mazabar [[Ikeduru]] a cikin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]], a shekarar 1992 a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican (NRC). A shekara ta 1993, gwamnatin farar hula ta Ernest Shonekan ta fada hannun Janar Sani Abacha wanda ya mayar da kasar ga gwamnatin soja. [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] yana neman Sakataren Kimiyya da Fasaha kuma ta hanyar shawarwari, Janar Abacha ya nada Dokta Laz Unaogu a matsayin Ministan Kimiyya da Tattalin Arziki a watan Nuwamban shekarar 1993. A cikin aikin sake fasalin majalisa na shekarar 1995, an tura Dr Unaogu zuwa Shugaban kasa a matsayin Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa 1998. == Kimiyya da Fasaha == A matsayinsa na Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Dr Unaogu ya taimaka wajen sake tsara ma'aikatar kuma ya jagoranci tafiya daga Legas zuwa Abuja biyo bayan Gwamnatin [[Ernest Shonekan]] ta wucin gadi. == Sanarwar Jama'a == Dokta Laz Unaogu yana da titin da aka sanya masa suna a Babban Birnin Tarayya, [[Abuja]] da [[Owerri]], Jihar Imo . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] n7rwn0rsmebnmpp9z104uctlq6c96ol 550364 550362 2024-12-02T11:09:08Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550364 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dokta Laz Unaogu''' (27 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta 1956 zuwa 6 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2004) ya kasance Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya kuma Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman.<ref>Manby, Bronwen. "Nigeria: Transition Or Travesty". ''Human Rights Watch'' 9.6 (1997): 1-58. </ref> Ya kuma rike mukamai da yawa na siyasa a cikin gwamnatin Najeriya. An san shi da Physicist a cikin Gwamnati.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200407120511.html|title=Nigeria: Unaogu, Former Minister, Dies|last=Nkwopara|first=Chidi|date=2004-07-12|work=Vanguard (Lagos)|access-date=2018-01-03}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dr_Laz_Unaogu.jpg|thumb|Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha na Najeriya (a shekarar 1993) da Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman (a shekarar 1995).]] == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a Eziama, Jihar Imo, Unaogu ya kammala karatun kimiyyar lissafi a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka (UNN)]] kuma shine mafi kyawun ɗaliban da ya kammala karatu a Sashen Physics a shekarar 1981. A shekara ta 1984, ya sami MSc. a cikin Makamashi da Kimiyyar Kayan aiki daga Sashen Physics da Astronomy, Jami'ar Najeriya. Ya shiga shirin Ph.D. na Solar Energy a Cibiyar Nazarin Makamashi, Calcutta Indiya inda ya kammala rubutunsa a fannin kimiyyar lissafi (ƙwarewa a ci gaban lu'ulu'u da halayyar). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Event details: Third International Seminar on Theoretical Physics and National Development (ISOTPAND2010) - physicsworld.com |url=http://physicsworld.com/cws/event/15271 |access-date=2016-04-11 |website=physicsworld.com}}</ref> Bayan karatunsa, an nada shi shugaban Sashen Masana'antu a Jami'ar Nnamdi Azikiwe, Awka . Ya auri Dokta Ijeoma Christiana Iboko a shekarar 1984 kuma yana da 'ya'ya biyar. == Ayyukan siyasa == Sha'awar Dr. Unaogu a siyasa ta fara ne yayin da yake jami'a. A lokacin karatunsa na farko a [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]], ya kasance memba na majalisar dalibai inda aka kiyasta shi mafi kyawun dan majalisa. An kuma zabe shi Shugaban kungiyar daliban digiri na biyu. Ya ci gaba da sha'awarsa ga siyasa kuma an zabe shi a Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayya, wakiltar Mbaitolu, mazabar [[Ikeduru]] a cikin gwamnatin [[Ibrahim Babangida]], a shekarar 1992 a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Jamhuriyar Republican (NRC). A shekara ta 1993, gwamnatin farar hula ta Ernest Shonekan ta fada hannun Janar Sani Abacha wanda ya mayar da kasar ga gwamnatin soja. [[Sani Abacha|Janar Sani Abacha]] yana neman Sakataren Kimiyya da Fasaha kuma ta hanyar shawarwari, Janar Abacha ya nada Dokta Laz Unaogu a matsayin Ministan Kimiyya da Tattalin Arziki a watan Nuwamban shekarar 1993. A cikin aikin sake fasalin majalisa na shekarar 1995, an tura Dr Unaogu zuwa Shugaban kasa a matsayin Ministan Ayyuka na Musamman kuma ya rike wannan mukamin har zuwa shekarar 1998. == Kimiyya da Fasaha == A matsayinsa na Ministan Kimiyya da Fasaha, Dr Unaogu ya taimaka wajen sake tsara ma'aikatar kuma ya jagoranci tafiya daga Legas zuwa Abuja biyo bayan Gwamnatin [[Ernest Shonekan]] ta wucin gadi. == Sanarwar Jama'a == Dokta Laz Unaogu yana da titin da aka sanya masa suna a Babban Birnin Tarayya, [[Abuja]] da [[Owerri]], Jihar Imo . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1956]] ncx6caapuw2gjq70fpyh8t9nu606i6s 0 88431 550366 2024-12-02T11:10:01Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259998019|Umana Okon Umana]]" 550366 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci Umana Okon Umana''' CON <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Buhari Confers National Honours on Umana, Udom |url=https://www.thecable.ng/buhari-confers-national-honour-on-umana-gov-udom-others/amp/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}</ref> 'yar siyasar Najeriya ce, masanin tattalin arziki, kuma shugaban kasuwanci wanda aka sani da sa hannu sosai a ci gaban siyasa da tattalin arziki na Jihar Akwa Ibom da Najeriya . Ayyukansa sun kai sama da shekaru talatin, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sabis na jama'a da kasuwanci. (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1959) ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan kasuwa wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Nijar Delta . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=National Assembly {{!}} Federal Republic of Nigeria |url=https://nass.gov.ng/news/item/1687 |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=nass.gov.ng}}</ref><ref name="Premium">{{Cite web |title=APC's Umana Umana to challenge Akwa Ibom governorship election result |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/181400-apcs-umana-umana-to-challenge-akwa-ibom-governorship-election-result.html |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=Premium Times Nigeria}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Umana a ranar 20 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1959, a [[Kalaba|Calabar]], [[Cross River|Jihar Cross River]], kuma ya kammala karatunsa na farko a Kwalejin St. Patrick. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=Umana hosts classmates in Akwa Ibom |url=https://dailytrust.com/umana-hosts-classmates-in-akwa-ibom/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=Daily Trust News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya sami Bsc a cikin Tattalin Arziki daga [[Jami'ar Calabar]] a 1980, da kuma MBA a cikin Kudi daga Jami'an Port Harcourt a 1987. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2 July 2023 |title=UniCal maiden Distinguished Alumnus Award on Umana, honour well deserved |url=https://www.thecable.ng/unical-maiden-distinguished-alumnus-award-on-umana-honour-well-deserved/amp/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=TheCable NG |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kwarewar sana'a == Umana ta shiga cikin darussan ci gaban kwararru da yawa a makarantun Ivy League waɗanda suka haɗa da "Hadin gwiwar Jama'a masu zaman kansu da Kudin Shirin" a Cibiyar Shari'a ta Duniya a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] (Nuwamba 2017); "Senior Executive Programme" a Makarantar Kasuwancin London (Fabrairu 2009); "Columbia Senior Executive Program" a Makarantun Kasuwanci na Columbia (Mayu 2002); Modernising Government - RIPA International, London (Nuwambar 2001). A cikin 2019 Umana ta sami takardar shaidar zartarwa a cikin manufofin jama'a daga Makarantar Gwamnati ta Harvard Kennedy, Jami'ar Harvard, bayan kammala shirye-shiryen da suka biyo baya: "Hadin gwiwar Tattalin Arziki" (Mayu 2019); "Hadin Gidan Gwamnati" (Maris 2018); da kuma "Matsar Tattaunawa" (Afrilu 2019).<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2 July 2023 |title=UniCal maiden Distinguished Alumnus Award on Umana, honour well deserved |url=https://www.thecable.ng/unical-maiden-distinguished-alumnus-award-on-umana-honour-well-deserved/amp/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=TheCable NG |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thecable.ng/unical-maiden-distinguished-alumnus-award-on-umana-honour-well-deserved/amp/ "UniCal maiden Distinguished Alumnus Award on Umana, honour well deserved"]. ''TheCable NG''. 2 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Umana |first=Umana |date=28 October 2024 |title=Umana profile |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/mr-umana-okon-umana-a3831454?trk=universal-search-cluster |access-date=28 October 2024 |website=[[LinkedIn]]}}</ref>   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (October 2024)">non-primary source needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Ayyukan siyasa == Ministan Harkokin Nijar Delta: Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari|Mohammadu Buhari]] ne ya nada shi a wannan mukamin daga Yuli 2022 zuwa Afrilu 2023, ya kammala wa'adinsa lokacin da wa'adin [[Muhammadu Buhari|Shugaba Buhari]] ya ƙare a 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Iroanusi |first=QueenEsther |date=2022-06-29 |title=ROUND-UP: How Senate screened, confirmed ministerial nominees |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/539879-round-up-how-senate-screened-confirmed-ministerial-nominees.html |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Ya mayar da hankali kan magance matsalolin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki a cikin Neja Delta, yana jaddada gyaran ababen more rayuwa da karfafa al'umma. An girmama shi a matsayin "Ministan Shekara" a wani taron da hukumomin jarida daban-daban suka shirya. Oil and Gas Free Zones Authority (OGFZA): Umana ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta / Shugaba na OGFZA, yana inganta sauƙin yin kasuwanci da ayyukan tattalin arziki a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Igbikiowubo |first=Hector |date=2020-01-17 |title=Buhari re-appoints Umana Okon Umana as OGFZA boss |url=https://sweetcrudereports.com/buhari-re-appoints-umana-okon-umana-as-ogfza-boss/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=SweetCrudeReports |language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan nasarar da aka samu a kan jan tef wanda ya kawo sabbin saka hannun jari a cikin yankunan da ba su da man fetur da iskar gas a Najeriya, OGFZA ta lashe matsayi na farko a cikin shirin Kasuwancin Kasuwanci na Shugaban kasa, a gaban wasu ma'aikatu 43, sassan da hukumomin Gwamnatin Tarayya a cikin 2018, wanda Majalisar Kasuwancin Shugaban kasa ke ingantawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Uzor |first=Franklin |date=2019-06-07 |title=Kudos for OGFZA on Ease of Doing Business |url=https://www.nipc.gov.ng/2019/06/07/kudos-for-ogfza-on-ease-of-doing-business/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |language=en-US}}</ref> Dan takarar gwamna: Umana ya yi takara a zaben gwamna na jihar Akwa Ibom, yana nuna tasirinsa na siyasa da ikon tattara tallafi. <ref name="Premium">{{Cite web |title=APC's Umana Umana to challenge Akwa Ibom governorship election result |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/181400-apcs-umana-umana-to-challenge-akwa-ibom-governorship-election-result.html |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=Premium Times Nigeria}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/181400-apcs-umana-umana-to-challenge-akwa-ibom-governorship-election-result.html "APC's Umana Umana to challenge Akwa Ibom governorship election result"]. ''Premium Times Nigeria''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=21 August 2015 |title=A/Ibom: Umana takes stand as star witness at tribunal |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/08/aibom-umana-takes-stand-as-star-witness-at-tribunal/ |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> Sakataren gwamnati: A karkashin Godswill Akpabio a matsayin gwamna, Umana ta kasance Sakataren Gwamnatin [[Akwa Ibom|Jihar Akwa Ibom]] daga 2007 zuwa 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Udo |first=Bassey |date=2013-07-31 |title=Update: Akwa Ibom crisis: Akpabio appoints new SSG as Umana resigns |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-east/141966-breaking-akpabio-appoints-new-ssg-as-umana-resigns.html?tztc=1 |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Kwamishinan Kudi: Daga 2003 zuwa 2007, Umana ya kasance Kwamishinan Kuɗi a jihar Akwa Ibom a ƙarƙashin Gwamna Victor Attah kuma ya yi aiki na wa'adi biyu na shekaru huɗu kowannensu. An nada shi a matsayin mataimakin darektan Logistics na yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na APC a shekarar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ailemen |first=Anthony |date=28 December 2018 |title=Full list of APC's Presidential campaign council |url=https://businessday.ng/exclusives/article/full-list-of-apcs-presidential-campaign-council/ |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyukan Ma'aikata == Umana ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare na Dindindin na farko na Ofishin Kasafin Kudi na Jihar Akwa Ibom daga 2000 - 2003 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-22 |title=Profile Of Budget Office - Akwa Ibom State Government |url=http://akwaibomstate.gov.ng/profile-of-budget-office/ |access-date=2024-10-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Gudummawa == Ayyukan Umana sun kasance alama ce ta jajircewarsa ga shugabanci, nuna gaskiya, da ci gaban tattalin arziki. An lura da matsayinsa a mukamai daban-daban don: Ci gaban ababen more rayuwa: Babban gudummawa ga ci gaban ababen hawa na Jihar Akwa Ibom. Shirye-shiryen Tattalin Arziki: Kasancewa da muhimmiyar rawa a cikin shirin tattalin arziki da aiwatar da kasafin kuɗi na jihar. == Sanarwa == Shugaba Mohammadu Buhari ne ya ba Umana Kwamandan Order of the Niger (CON) a shekarar 2023. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Buhari Confers National Honours on Umana, Udom |url=https://www.thecable.ng/buhari-confers-national-honour-on-umana-gov-udom-others/amp/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thecable.ng/buhari-confers-national-honour-on-umana-gov-udom-others/amp/ "Buhari Confers National Honours on Umana, Udom"]. ''TheCable''. 26 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> mujallar fDi mai suna OGFZA "Free Zone of the Year" a cikin 2018 da kuma "Bespoke Free Zone Incentives" a cikin shekara ta 2019. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2019-02-05 |title=FIN Awardee, Umana Okon Umana, Managing Director/CEO, OGFZA |url=https://foreigninvestmentnetwork.com/fin-awardee-umana-okon-umana-managing-director-ceo-ogfza/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Foreign Investment Network |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://foreigninvestmentnetwork.com/fin-awardee-umana-okon-umana-managing-director-ceo-ogfza/ "FIN Awardee, Umana Okon Umana, Managing Director/CEO, OGFZA"]. ''Foreign Investment Network''. 5 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite>{{Dead link|date=October 2024}} [[Category:Articles with dead external links from October 2024]] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" data-ve-ignore="true"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[Wikipedia:Link rot|<span title=" Dead link tagged October 2024">dead link</span>]]''<span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">&#x200D;</span>&#x5D;</span></sup></ref> Hukumomin jarida daban-daban sun nada shi Ministan Shekara a 2022 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jczb25ucje1vg3qbirkt0sr1pjoj3zo 550367 550366 2024-12-02T11:10:22Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Kwarewar sana'a */ 550367 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci Umana Okon Umana''' CON <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Buhari Confers National Honours on Umana, Udom |url=https://www.thecable.ng/buhari-confers-national-honour-on-umana-gov-udom-others/amp/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}</ref> 'yar siyasar Najeriya ce, masanin tattalin arziki, kuma shugaban kasuwanci wanda aka sani da sa hannu sosai a ci gaban siyasa da tattalin arziki na Jihar Akwa Ibom da Najeriya . Ayyukansa sun kai sama da shekaru talatin, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sabis na jama'a da kasuwanci. (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1959) ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan kasuwa wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Nijar Delta . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=National Assembly {{!}} Federal Republic of Nigeria |url=https://nass.gov.ng/news/item/1687 |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=nass.gov.ng}}</ref><ref name="Premium">{{Cite web |title=APC's Umana Umana to challenge Akwa Ibom governorship election result |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/181400-apcs-umana-umana-to-challenge-akwa-ibom-governorship-election-result.html |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=Premium Times Nigeria}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Umana a ranar 20 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1959, a [[Kalaba|Calabar]], [[Cross River|Jihar Cross River]], kuma ya kammala karatunsa na farko a Kwalejin St. Patrick. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=Umana hosts classmates in Akwa Ibom |url=https://dailytrust.com/umana-hosts-classmates-in-akwa-ibom/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=Daily Trust News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya sami Bsc a cikin Tattalin Arziki daga [[Jami'ar Calabar]] a 1980, da kuma MBA a cikin Kudi daga Jami'an Port Harcourt a 1987. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2 July 2023 |title=UniCal maiden Distinguished Alumnus Award on Umana, honour well deserved |url=https://www.thecable.ng/unical-maiden-distinguished-alumnus-award-on-umana-honour-well-deserved/amp/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=TheCable NG |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kwarewar sana'a == Umana ta shiga cikin darussan ci gaban kwararru da yawa a makarantun Ivy League waɗanda suka haɗa da "Hadin gwiwar Jama'a masu zaman kansu da Kudin Shirin" a Cibiyar Shari'a ta Duniya a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] (Nuwamba 2017); "Senior Executive Programme" a Makarantar Kasuwancin London (Fabrairu 2009); "Columbia Senior Executive Program" a Makarantun Kasuwanci na Columbia (Mayu 2002); Modernising Government - RIPA International, London (Nuwambar 2001). A cikin 2019 Umana ta sami takardar shaidar zartarwa a cikin manufofin jama'a daga Makarantar Gwamnati ta Harvard Kennedy, Jami'ar Harvard, bayan kammala shirye-shiryen da suka biyo baya: "Hadin gwiwar Tattalin Arziki" (Mayu 2019); "Hadin Gidan Gwamnati" (Maris 2018); da kuma "Matsar Tattaunawa" (Afrilu 2019).<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2 July 2023 |title=UniCal maiden Distinguished Alumnus Award on Umana, honour well deserved |url=https://www.thecable.ng/unical-maiden-distinguished-alumnus-award-on-umana-honour-well-deserved/amp/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=TheCable NG |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thecable.ng/unical-maiden-distinguished-alumnus-award-on-umana-honour-well-deserved/amp/ "UniCal maiden Distinguished Alumnus Award on Umana, honour well deserved"]. ''TheCable NG''. 2 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Umana |first=Umana |date=28 October 2024 |title=Umana profile |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/mr-umana-okon-umana-a3831454?trk=universal-search-cluster |access-date=28 October 2024 |website=[[LinkedIn]]}}</ref>   == Ayyukan siyasa == Ministan Harkokin Nijar Delta: Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari|Mohammadu Buhari]] ne ya nada shi a wannan mukamin daga Yuli 2022 zuwa Afrilu 2023, ya kammala wa'adinsa lokacin da wa'adin [[Muhammadu Buhari|Shugaba Buhari]] ya ƙare a 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Iroanusi |first=QueenEsther |date=2022-06-29 |title=ROUND-UP: How Senate screened, confirmed ministerial nominees |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/539879-round-up-how-senate-screened-confirmed-ministerial-nominees.html |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Ya mayar da hankali kan magance matsalolin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki a cikin Neja Delta, yana jaddada gyaran ababen more rayuwa da karfafa al'umma. An girmama shi a matsayin "Ministan Shekara" a wani taron da hukumomin jarida daban-daban suka shirya. Oil and Gas Free Zones Authority (OGFZA): Umana ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta / Shugaba na OGFZA, yana inganta sauƙin yin kasuwanci da ayyukan tattalin arziki a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Igbikiowubo |first=Hector |date=2020-01-17 |title=Buhari re-appoints Umana Okon Umana as OGFZA boss |url=https://sweetcrudereports.com/buhari-re-appoints-umana-okon-umana-as-ogfza-boss/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=SweetCrudeReports |language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan nasarar da aka samu a kan jan tef wanda ya kawo sabbin saka hannun jari a cikin yankunan da ba su da man fetur da iskar gas a Najeriya, OGFZA ta lashe matsayi na farko a cikin shirin Kasuwancin Kasuwanci na Shugaban kasa, a gaban wasu ma'aikatu 43, sassan da hukumomin Gwamnatin Tarayya a cikin 2018, wanda Majalisar Kasuwancin Shugaban kasa ke ingantawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Uzor |first=Franklin |date=2019-06-07 |title=Kudos for OGFZA on Ease of Doing Business |url=https://www.nipc.gov.ng/2019/06/07/kudos-for-ogfza-on-ease-of-doing-business/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |language=en-US}}</ref> Dan takarar gwamna: Umana ya yi takara a zaben gwamna na jihar Akwa Ibom, yana nuna tasirinsa na siyasa da ikon tattara tallafi. <ref name="Premium">{{Cite web |title=APC's Umana Umana to challenge Akwa Ibom governorship election result |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/181400-apcs-umana-umana-to-challenge-akwa-ibom-governorship-election-result.html |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=Premium Times Nigeria}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/181400-apcs-umana-umana-to-challenge-akwa-ibom-governorship-election-result.html "APC's Umana Umana to challenge Akwa Ibom governorship election result"]. ''Premium Times Nigeria''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=21 August 2015 |title=A/Ibom: Umana takes stand as star witness at tribunal |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/08/aibom-umana-takes-stand-as-star-witness-at-tribunal/ |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> Sakataren gwamnati: A karkashin Godswill Akpabio a matsayin gwamna, Umana ta kasance Sakataren Gwamnatin [[Akwa Ibom|Jihar Akwa Ibom]] daga 2007 zuwa 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Udo |first=Bassey |date=2013-07-31 |title=Update: Akwa Ibom crisis: Akpabio appoints new SSG as Umana resigns |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-east/141966-breaking-akpabio-appoints-new-ssg-as-umana-resigns.html?tztc=1 |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Kwamishinan Kudi: Daga 2003 zuwa 2007, Umana ya kasance Kwamishinan Kuɗi a jihar Akwa Ibom a ƙarƙashin Gwamna Victor Attah kuma ya yi aiki na wa'adi biyu na shekaru huɗu kowannensu. An nada shi a matsayin mataimakin darektan Logistics na yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na APC a shekarar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ailemen |first=Anthony |date=28 December 2018 |title=Full list of APC's Presidential campaign council |url=https://businessday.ng/exclusives/article/full-list-of-apcs-presidential-campaign-council/ |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyukan Ma'aikata == Umana ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare na Dindindin na farko na Ofishin Kasafin Kudi na Jihar Akwa Ibom daga 2000 - 2003 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-22 |title=Profile Of Budget Office - Akwa Ibom State Government |url=http://akwaibomstate.gov.ng/profile-of-budget-office/ |access-date=2024-10-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Gudummawa == Ayyukan Umana sun kasance alama ce ta jajircewarsa ga shugabanci, nuna gaskiya, da ci gaban tattalin arziki. An lura da matsayinsa a mukamai daban-daban don: Ci gaban ababen more rayuwa: Babban gudummawa ga ci gaban ababen hawa na Jihar Akwa Ibom. Shirye-shiryen Tattalin Arziki: Kasancewa da muhimmiyar rawa a cikin shirin tattalin arziki da aiwatar da kasafin kuɗi na jihar. == Sanarwa == Shugaba Mohammadu Buhari ne ya ba Umana Kwamandan Order of the Niger (CON) a shekarar 2023. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Buhari Confers National Honours on Umana, Udom |url=https://www.thecable.ng/buhari-confers-national-honour-on-umana-gov-udom-others/amp/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.thecable.ng/buhari-confers-national-honour-on-umana-gov-udom-others/amp/ "Buhari Confers National Honours on Umana, Udom"]. ''TheCable''. 26 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> mujallar fDi mai suna OGFZA "Free Zone of the Year" a cikin 2018 da kuma "Bespoke Free Zone Incentives" a cikin shekara ta 2019. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2019-02-05 |title=FIN Awardee, Umana Okon Umana, Managing Director/CEO, OGFZA |url=https://foreigninvestmentnetwork.com/fin-awardee-umana-okon-umana-managing-director-ceo-ogfza/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Foreign Investment Network |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://foreigninvestmentnetwork.com/fin-awardee-umana-okon-umana-managing-director-ceo-ogfza/ "FIN Awardee, Umana Okon Umana, Managing Director/CEO, OGFZA"]. ''Foreign Investment Network''. 5 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite>{{Dead link|date=October 2024}} [[Category:Articles with dead external links from October 2024]] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" data-ve-ignore="true"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[Wikipedia:Link rot|<span title=" Dead link tagged October 2024">dead link</span>]]''<span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">&#x200D;</span>&#x5D;</span></sup></ref> Hukumomin jarida daban-daban sun nada shi Ministan Shekara a 2022 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] m1okicwrzxsz3uc8xfug6o5y7q4cwno 550376 550367 2024-12-02T11:15:00Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Umana Okon Umana''' CON <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Buhari Confers National Honours on Umana, Udom |url=https://www.thecable.ng/buhari-confers-national-honour-on-umana-gov-udom-others/amp/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}</ref> 'yar siyasar Najeriya ce, masanin tattalin arziki, kuma shugaban kasuwanci wanda aka sani da sa hannu sosai a ci gaban siyasa da tattalin arziki na Jihar Akwa Ibom da Najeriya . Ayyukansa sun kai sama da shekaru talatin, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sabis na jama'a da kasuwanci. (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1959) ɗan siyasan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan kasuwa wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Nijar Delta . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=National Assembly {{!}} Federal Republic of Nigeria |url=https://nass.gov.ng/news/item/1687 |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=nass.gov.ng}}</ref><ref name="Premium">{{Cite web |title=APC's Umana Umana to challenge Akwa Ibom governorship election result |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/181400-apcs-umana-umana-to-challenge-akwa-ibom-governorship-election-result.html |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=Premium Times Nigeria}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Umana a ranar 20 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1959, a [[Kalaba|Calabar]], [[Cross River|Jihar Cross River]], kuma ya kammala karatunsa na farko a Kwalejin St. Patrick. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=Umana hosts classmates in Akwa Ibom |url=https://dailytrust.com/umana-hosts-classmates-in-akwa-ibom/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=Daily Trust News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ya sami Bsc a cikin Tattalin Arziki daga [[Jami'ar Calabar]] a 1980, da kuma MBA a cikin Kudi daga Jami'an Port Harcourt a 1987. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2 July 2023 |title=UniCal maiden Distinguished Alumnus Award on Umana, honour well deserved |url=https://www.thecable.ng/unical-maiden-distinguished-alumnus-award-on-umana-honour-well-deserved/amp/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=TheCable NG |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kwarewar sana'a == Umana ta shiga cikin darussan ci gaban kwararru da yawa a makarantun Ivy League waɗanda suka haɗa da "Hadin gwiwar Jama'a masu zaman kansu da Kudin Shirin" a Cibiyar Shari'a ta Duniya a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] (Nuwamba 2017); "Senior Executive Programme" a Makarantar Kasuwancin London (Fabrairu 2009); "Columbia Senior Executive Program" a Makarantun Kasuwanci na Columbia (Mayu 2002); Modernising Government - RIPA International, London (Nuwambar 2001). A cikin 2019 Umana ta sami takardar shaidar zartarwa a cikin manufofin jama'a daga Makarantar Gwamnati ta Harvard Kennedy, Jami'ar Harvard, bayan kammala shirye-shiryen da suka biyo baya: "Hadin gwiwar Tattalin Arziki" (Mayu 2019); "Hadin Gidan Gwamnati" (Maris 2018); da kuma "Matsar Tattaunawa" (Afrilu 2019).<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2 July 2023 |title=UniCal maiden Distinguished Alumnus Award on Umana, honour well deserved |url=https://www.thecable.ng/unical-maiden-distinguished-alumnus-award-on-umana-honour-well-deserved/amp/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |website=TheCable NG |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Umana |first=Umana |date=28 October 2024 |title=Umana profile |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/mr-umana-okon-umana-a3831454?trk=universal-search-cluster |access-date=28 October 2024 |website=[[LinkedIn]]}}</ref>   == Ayyukan siyasa == Ministan Harkokin Nijar Delta: Shugaba [[Muhammadu Buhari|Mohammadu Buhari]] ne ya nada shi a wannan mukamin daga Yuli 2022 zuwa Afrilu 2023, ya kammala wa'adinsa lokacin da wa'adin [[Muhammadu Buhari|Shugaba Buhari]] ya ƙare a 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Iroanusi |first=QueenEsther |date=2022-06-29 |title=ROUND-UP: How Senate screened, confirmed ministerial nominees |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/539879-round-up-how-senate-screened-confirmed-ministerial-nominees.html |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Ya mayar da hankali kan magance matsalolin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki a cikin Neja Delta, yana jaddada gyaran ababen more rayuwa da karfafa al'umma. An girmama shi a matsayin "Ministan Shekara" a wani taron da hukumomin jarida daban-daban suka shirya. Oil and Gas Free Zones Authority (OGFZA): Umana ya yi aiki a matsayin Manajan Darakta / Shugaba na OGFZA, yana inganta sauƙin yin kasuwanci da ayyukan tattalin arziki a Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Igbikiowubo |first=Hector |date=2020-01-17 |title=Buhari re-appoints Umana Okon Umana as OGFZA boss |url=https://sweetcrudereports.com/buhari-re-appoints-umana-okon-umana-as-ogfza-boss/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=SweetCrudeReports |language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan nasarar da aka samu a kan jan tef wanda ya kawo sabbin saka hannun jari a cikin yankunan da ba su da man fetur da iskar gas a Najeriya, OGFZA ta lashe matsayi na farko a cikin shirin Kasuwancin Kasuwanci na Shugaban kasa, a gaban wasu ma'aikatu 43, sassan da hukumomin Gwamnatin Tarayya a cikin 2018, wanda Majalisar Kasuwancin Shugaban kasa ke ingantawa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Uzor |first=Franklin |date=2019-06-07 |title=Kudos for OGFZA on Ease of Doing Business |url=https://www.nipc.gov.ng/2019/06/07/kudos-for-ogfza-on-ease-of-doing-business/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission |language=en-US}}</ref> Dan takarar gwamna: Umana ya yi takara a zaben gwamna na jihar Akwa Ibom, yana nuna tasirinsa na siyasa da ikon tattara tallafi. <ref name="Premium">{{Cite web |title=APC's Umana Umana to challenge Akwa Ibom governorship election result |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/181400-apcs-umana-umana-to-challenge-akwa-ibom-governorship-election-result.html |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=Premium Times Nigeria}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=21 August 2015 |title=A/Ibom: Umana takes stand as star witness at tribunal |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/08/aibom-umana-takes-stand-as-star-witness-at-tribunal/ |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}</ref> Sakataren gwamnati: A karkashin Godswill Akpabio a matsayin gwamna, Umana ta kasance Sakataren Gwamnatin [[Akwa Ibom|Jihar Akwa Ibom]] daga 2007 zuwa 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Udo |first=Bassey |date=2013-07-31 |title=Update: Akwa Ibom crisis: Akpabio appoints new SSG as Umana resigns |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-east/141966-breaking-akpabio-appoints-new-ssg-as-umana-resigns.html?tztc=1 |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> Kwamishinan Kudi: Daga 2003 zuwa 2007, Umana ya kasance Kwamishinan Kuɗi a jihar Akwa Ibom a ƙarƙashin Gwamna Victor Attah kuma ya yi aiki na wa'adi biyu na shekaru huɗu kowannensu. An nada shi a matsayin mataimakin darektan Logistics na yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na APC a shekarar 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ailemen |first=Anthony |date=28 December 2018 |title=Full list of APC's Presidential campaign council |url=https://businessday.ng/exclusives/article/full-list-of-apcs-presidential-campaign-council/ |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Businessday NG |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyukan Ma'aikata == Umana ta yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare na Dindindin na farko na Ofishin Kasafin Kudi na Jihar Akwa Ibom daga 2000 - 2003 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-22 |title=Profile Of Budget Office - Akwa Ibom State Government |url=http://akwaibomstate.gov.ng/profile-of-budget-office/ |access-date=2024-10-22 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Gudummawa == Ayyukan Umana sun kasance alama ce ta jajircewarsa ga shugabanci, nuna gaskiya, da ci gaban tattalin arziki. An lura da matsayinsa a mukamai daban-daban don: Ci gaban ababen more rayuwa: Babban gudummawa ga ci gaban ababen hawa na Jihar Akwa Ibom. Shirye-shiryen Tattalin Arziki: Kasancewa da muhimmiyar rawa a cikin shirin tattalin arziki da aiwatar da kasafin kuɗi na jihar. == Sanarwa == Shugaba Mohammadu Buhari ne ya ba Umana Kwamandan Order of the Niger (CON) a shekarar 2023. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Buhari Confers National Honours on Umana, Udom |url=https://www.thecable.ng/buhari-confers-national-honour-on-umana-gov-udom-others/amp/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=TheCable |language=en-US}}</ref> mujallar fDi mai suna OGFZA "Free Zone of the Year" a cikin 2018 da kuma "Bespoke Free Zone Incentives" a cikin shekara ta 2019. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2019-02-05 |title=FIN Awardee, Umana Okon Umana, Managing Director/CEO, OGFZA |url=https://foreigninvestmentnetwork.com/fin-awardee-umana-okon-umana-managing-director-ceo-ogfza/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Foreign Investment Network |language=en-US}}</ref> Hukumomin jarida daban-daban sun nada shi Ministan Shekara ta 2022. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6cu0b9kh1bpf39cenbtdggbkwsi389m 0 88432 550379 2024-12-02T11:16:22Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} 550379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} 1cuz34gp65axujgbyib7d5oqwb73c81 550382 550379 2024-12-02T11:18:09Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL). misk5ry9g8kgll8ykoks3sskuqjh2rd 550383 550382 2024-12-02T11:18:54Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. 7ds5she31mif6ta7rzxezifyfcr8gv2 550386 550383 2024-12-02T11:19:28Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011. lisph9xltz39027cgtvoa9876hg1u6l 550387 550386 2024-12-02T11:19:58Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012. fq2rzee7icltevx75yw5jibxa1tmze8 550388 550387 2024-12-02T11:21:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl. l9vdrfc78u5um9ta0b0yddwi6rnbucw 550390 550388 2024-12-02T11:21:50Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref> 0gq7ykj4qk08zgczcsykymy7mul1afa 550392 550390 2024-12-02T11:22:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. c0x0x6rgn2idbtejsvkzuk26xckrsgv 550393 550392 2024-12-02T11:23:13Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== rdwerwwgtm8tdmxjkhpt8sqzxbvuyhw 550394 550393 2024-12-02T11:23:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas. 6topshyb8f2kmiuae3dedc7g5kq9rqj 550395 550394 2024-12-02T11:24:10Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> lko2a7wyphrnntqbn293bnpavy4m7hc 550397 550395 2024-12-02T11:24:45Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11, 1984 - Yuli 14, 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana. c72pbrke8seuz4408upir2nl9kqmpup 550399 550397 2024-12-02T11:25:17Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana. dtev3ofi71q5xuhuw4y9pkc3noxuhr4 550400 550399 2024-12-02T11:25:27Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar. d3igy6zwfpg53wtr6ksa1v3vfiydpl2 550401 550400 2024-12-02T11:25:52Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga 2007 zuwa 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga 2012 zuwa 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref> da1rx2jieg150u956s8zh5ilz3bwdi7 550402 550401 2024-12-02T11:26:26Z Aisha Yahuza 14817 550402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref> 92bfidhpcl0c5tku183ioagozmxynsm 550403 550402 2024-12-02T11:26:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta. 9nsh1asc5403fzuzenl66vnxq831czd 550404 550403 2024-12-02T11:26:55Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> i3w9cw4kckwt2dc1bzi5l7e0rtg3j28 550405 550404 2024-12-02T11:28:19Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== tfqqkj4x9xx22hn1qdx468liqkf1p00 550406 550405 2024-12-02T11:29:10Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550406 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003. d00zzj4rstwrua4umc5ya3x76heny6z 550407 550406 2024-12-02T11:29:41Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> ovt9w3zrlu89wb98jmccrw4l6e7pj1o 550408 550407 2024-12-02T11:30:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity. 15v90e6mjuxtx5bdvvolo40wump7rno 550409 550408 2024-12-02T11:31:06Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity.<ref>https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/the-baltimore-ravens-brotherhood-within-a-brotherhood/</ref> 3ersvc58p15v7z3ep7yd8ww95y2ssxp 550410 550409 2024-12-02T11:31:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity.<ref>https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/the-baltimore-ravens-brotherhood-within-a-brotherhood/</ref> A cikin 2024, an gabatar da shi zuwa zauren SIAC na Fame a Atlanta. b2zjq3d9kuzzuqtvjyin1rwvblxgcqk 550411 550410 2024-12-02T11:32:32Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity.<ref>https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/the-baltimore-ravens-brotherhood-within-a-brotherhood/</ref> A cikin 2024, an gabatar da shi zuwa zauren SIAC na Fame a Atlanta.<ref>"The SIAC mourns the loss of Hall of Famer Jacoby Jones". thesiac.com. Retrieved July 21, 2024.</ref> tj2t4bk7v3jq0whkc0wyy4hawb7w0qj 550412 550411 2024-12-02T11:33:35Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity.<ref>https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/the-baltimore-ravens-brotherhood-within-a-brotherhood/</ref> A cikin 2024, an gabatar da shi zuwa zauren SIAC na Fame a Atlanta.<ref>"The SIAC mourns the loss of Hall of Famer Jacoby Jones". thesiac.com. Retrieved July 21, 2024.</ref> ==Mutuwa== rr11n0y336ocs1o9fiuoxgvdqbvnmb1 550414 550412 2024-12-02T11:33:47Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity.<ref>https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/the-baltimore-ravens-brotherhood-within-a-brotherhood/</ref> A cikin 2024, an gabatar da shi zuwa zauren SIAC na Fame a Atlanta.<ref>"The SIAC mourns the loss of Hall of Famer Jacoby Jones". thesiac.com. Retrieved July 21, 2024.</ref> ==Mutuwa== Jones ya mutu a cikin barcinsa a gidansa a New Orleans, Louisiana, a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 2024, kwana uku bayan cika shekaru 40 da haihuwa. k3zw3cba1ly2vnkzrpf1kqq1fj7q64u 550415 550414 2024-12-02T11:34:14Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550415 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity.<ref>https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/the-baltimore-ravens-brotherhood-within-a-brotherhood/</ref> A cikin 2024, an gabatar da shi zuwa zauren SIAC na Fame a Atlanta.<ref>"The SIAC mourns the loss of Hall of Famer Jacoby Jones". thesiac.com. Retrieved July 21, 2024.</ref> ==Mutuwa== Jones ya mutu a cikin barcinsa a gidansa a New Orleans, Louisiana, a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 2024, kwana uku bayan cika shekaru 40 da haihuwa.<ref>https://thesiac.com/news/2024/7/14/general-the-siac-mourns-the-loss-of-hall-of-famer-jacoby-jones.aspx</ref> 3yjrcw9st8l7dgufjc1ny0gx6i82auz 550417 550415 2024-12-02T11:34:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity.<ref>https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/the-baltimore-ravens-brotherhood-within-a-brotherhood/</ref> A cikin 2024, an gabatar da shi zuwa zauren SIAC na Fame a Atlanta.<ref>"The SIAC mourns the loss of Hall of Famer Jacoby Jones". thesiac.com. Retrieved July 21, 2024.</ref> ==Mutuwa== Jones ya mutu a cikin barcinsa a gidansa a New Orleans, Louisiana, a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 2024, kwana uku bayan cika shekaru 40 da haihuwa.<ref>https://thesiac.com/news/2024/7/14/general-the-siac-mourns-the-loss-of-hall-of-famer-jacoby-jones.aspx</ref>] Ofishin likitancin likita a Louisiana ya sanar a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2024 cewa Jones ya mutu saboda cutar hawan jini daga hawan jini na dogon lokaci. hx7oa4boyylci7tjkndxbhwuco2274f 550419 550417 2024-12-02T11:35:15Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity.<ref>https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/the-baltimore-ravens-brotherhood-within-a-brotherhood/</ref> A cikin 2024, an gabatar da shi zuwa zauren SIAC na Fame a Atlanta.<ref>"The SIAC mourns the loss of Hall of Famer Jacoby Jones". thesiac.com. Retrieved July 21, 2024.</ref> ==Mutuwa== Jones ya mutu a cikin barcinsa a gidansa a New Orleans, Louisiana, a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 2024, kwana uku bayan cika shekaru 40 da haihuwa.<ref>https://thesiac.com/news/2024/7/14/general-the-siac-mourns-the-loss-of-hall-of-famer-jacoby-jones.aspx</ref>] Ofishin likitancin likita a Louisiana ya sanar a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2024 cewa Jones ya mutu saboda cutar hawan jini daga hawan jini na dogon lokaci.<ref>https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/jacoby-jones-died-from-hypertensive-cardiovascular-disease</ref> gxhakw8eip9lkvy8t2yue23z46uqwrl 550420 550419 2024-12-02T11:35:36Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jacoby Rashi'd Jones''' (Yuli 11 ga wata, shekara ta 1984 zuwa Yuli 14 ga wata, shekara ta 2024) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ƙwararren mai karɓa ne kuma ƙwararren mai dawowa a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa (NFL).An zaba a zagaye na uku na daftarin a shekarar 2007 NFL ta Houston Texans, Jones kuma ya taka leda tare da Baltimore Ravens, San Diego Chargers, da Pittsburgh Steelers kafin yin wasa tare da Monterrey Karfe na National Arena League a cikin shekarar 2017. Jones ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji don Dragons College na Lane kafin ya buga wa Texans daga shekara ta 2007 zuwa shekarar 2011.Jones ya buga wa Ravens daga shekara ta 2012 zuwa shekarar 2014, kuma an zaɓi shi don Pro Bowl a shekarar 2012.An san shi da wasanni biyu mafi yawan abin tunawa a cikin shekara ta 2012 NFL playoffs a matsayin memba na Ravens: kama 70-yard game-tying touchdown pass a cikin sakan na ƙarshe na tsari a cikin AFC Divisional playoff game da Denver Broncos, wanda ya taimaka ya jagoranci Ravens zuwa nasara na tsawon lokaci sau biyu 38–35; da dawowar kickoff na 108-yard don taɓawa a cikin Super Bowl XLVII a kan San Francisco 49ers, wasan da ya fi tsayi a tarihin Super Bowl.<ref>https://www.nfl.com/news/jacoby-jones-108-yard-return-td-a-super-bowl-record-0ap1000000135302</ref>A lokacin mutuwarsa shi ne babban kocin masu karba a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama. ==Rayuwa== Jones ya zauna a New Orleans Gabas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref>Jones ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta St. Augustine da kuma Marion Abramson High School a New Orleans, Louisiana.A matsayinsa na dalibi na biyu (ƙarami) a St. Augustine ya koyi cewa makarantar ta dauke shi ƙananan don taka leda a kungiyar kwallon kafa. Allen Woods, ubangidansa kuma mataimakin shugaban makarantar Abramson, ya shawarce shi da ya koma makarantar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204216/http://www.nola.com/superbowl/index.ssf/2013/01/abramson_graduate_jacoby_jones.html</ref>Guguwar Katrina ta lalata gidansa da makarantarsa na yarinta.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/sports/football/super-bowl-for-jacoby-jones-trip-home-and-2-trips-into-end-zone.html?_r=0</ref> ==Aikin koleji== Jones ya fara yin rajista a kan karatun waƙa a Jami'ar Kudu maso Gabashin Louisiana a cikin 2002, amma an canza shi zuwa Kwalejin Lane na Division II a 2003.<ref>https://www.si.com/nfl/saints/news/new-orleans-native-and-former-nfl-star-jacoby-jones-passes-away-at-just-40-years-old-01j2scyf76aw</ref> A Kwalejin Lane, Jones ya zama zaɓi na Duk-Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) sau huɗu. Jones ya kasance memba na Omega Psi Phi fraternity.<ref>https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/the-baltimore-ravens-brotherhood-within-a-brotherhood/</ref> A cikin 2024, an gabatar da shi zuwa zauren SIAC na Fame a Atlanta.<ref>"The SIAC mourns the loss of Hall of Famer Jacoby Jones". thesiac.com. Retrieved July 21, 2024.</ref> ==Mutuwa== Jones ya mutu a cikin barcinsa a gidansa a New Orleans, Louisiana, a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 2024, kwana uku bayan cika shekaru 40 da haihuwa.<ref>https://thesiac.com/news/2024/7/14/general-the-siac-mourns-the-loss-of-hall-of-famer-jacoby-jones.aspx</ref>] Ofishin likitancin likita a Louisiana ya sanar a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 2024 cewa Jones ya mutu saboda cutar hawan jini daga hawan jini na dogon lokaci.<ref>https://www.nbcsports.com/nfl/profootballtalk/rumor-mill/news/jacoby-jones-died-from-hypertensive-cardiovascular-disease</ref> ==MANAZARTA== gpp4pq9jdb3j715f8s946037g3oo7q1 0 88433 550413 2024-12-02T11:33:41Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1256271061|Ezo Ukandu]]" 550413 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya Ezo Ukandu''' (15 ga Yuni, 1936 - 8 ga Janairu, 2024) ya kasance mai mulkin gargajiya [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] wanda ke riƙe da taken Enyi-na-Obiangwu na Masarautar Dā ta Imenyi na tsawon shekaru 48. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Shugabannin gargajiya ta [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] kuma shi ne Shugaban farko na Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adu ta Kudu maso Gabas.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> == Tarihi == === Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi === Eze Ukandu an haife shi ne a Ahaba Imenyi, [[Isuikwuato]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]], [[Najeriya]], ga Ezo da Nwanyi Issandu Ukandu . Shi ne babba cikin yara bakwai. Ukandu ya kammala karatun firamare a Ahaba Imenyi kuma daga baya ya sami takardar shaidar a ilimi na gaba ɗaya, sannan ya sami difloma a cikin gudanar da kasuwanci da gudanar da jama'a. === Kasancewar ma'aikata === Ukandu ta gudanar da kasuwanci da yawa a Aba, Jihar Abia, gami da kamfanoni a cikin karɓar baƙi da shigo da kayayyaki. Ya kafa masana'antar Deta Batteries tare da cibiyoyin rarrabawa a [[Najeriya]] da sauran sassan Afirka ta Yamma.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> Ta hanyar kamfaninsa Ukandu Motors, ya gudanar da franchises don rarrabawa da sabis na [[Peugeot]], Mercedes Benz, da sauran nau'ikan motoci.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> An karfafa sha'awar kasuwancinsa a karkashin Kamfanonin Ukandu, wanda ya hada da: * Motar Ukandu * Batir din * Yarda da * Gidajen gona na Ukandu * Multi-System Ltd. * Otal din Starlink * Starlink Hostels Ya shiga cikin kafa [[Jami'ar Jihar Abia]], Uturu kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan bankin kuɗi na jami'ar. <ref name="NG-Check">{{Cite web |title=Abia State Micro Finance Bank Ltd. |url=https://ng-check.com/abia-state-university-micro-finance-bank-ltd/839223.html |website=NG-Check}}</ref> Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban [[Filin jirgin saman Owerri|Filin jirgin saman Sam Mbakwe]] (tsohon Filin jirgin sama na Owerri), yana ba da tallafin kuɗi yayin gina shi.<ref name="auto" /> === Kasancewa cikin siyasa === A watan Yulin 2019, Ukandu ya ba da shawarar cewa gwamnan jihar Abia na gaba ya zo daga gundumar [[Isuikwuato]], yana mai nuna rashin amincewa. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019, an nada shi a cikin kwamitin mambobi hudu wanda ke da alhakin bunkasa hanyoyin zaɓe don sabon shugabancin Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adun gargajiya ta Jihar Abia, bayan da Gwamna [[Okezie Ikpeazu]] ya rushe ta. [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya nada Ukandu a matsayin Jakadan Sarauta na Kasa wanda ke wakiltar Kudu maso Gabas a Taron Zaman Lafiya na Kasa. Ya kuma rike mukamin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Majalisar Kudu maso Gabas ta Shugabannin Al'ada har zuwa mutuwarsa. == Kyautar karatu == A cikin shekarun 1990s, Ukandu ya kafa Shirin Gudanar da Gudanar da Makarantar Ukandu wanda ke ba da tallafi don ilimin cikin gida da na duniya. Shirin yana ba da tallafin kuɗi ga ɗalibai don karatu a cikin Najeriya da ƙasashen waje.<ref name="Championing Future Leaders">{{Cite web |title=Championing Future Leaders |url=https://hrmezoukandu.org |website=HRM Ezo Ukandu}}</ref> Ka'idodin zaɓe sun haɗa da aikin ilimi da aikin sabis na al'umma. == Daraja da kyaututtuka == === Darajar ilimi === * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Jihar Abia (1994) * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Kirista ta Bishara (Amurka) === Kasancewar membobin kwararru === * Fellow, Cibiyar Gudanar da Tallace-tallace ta Najeriya (FNISM) === Sanarwar addini === * Knight na St. Christopher (KSC), Ikilisiyar Anglican ta Najeriya === Naɗin jama'a === * Adalci na Zaman Lafiya An shirya Ukandu a nuna shi a cikin ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' jerin shirye-shirye masu zuwa game da tarihin Aba, cibiyar kasuwanci a Jihar Abia, Najeriya. ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' a cikin shirye-shiryen kafin 2024, an tsara shi azaman jerin yanayi biyu tare da aukuwa 40, yana mai da hankali kan ci gaban kasuwanci na Aba a cikin lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya. <ref name="auto3" /> Jerin ya shirya hada da hotuna na Ukandu da sauran 'yan kasuwa daga zamanin. <ref name="auto3" /> == Mutuwa == Ukandu ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2024, yana da shekaru 87. An shirya jana'izarsa a ranar 14-17 ga Nuwamba, 2024, a Masarautar Ahaba Imenyi ta Dā, Yankin Karamar Hukumar Isuikwuato, Jihar Abia, Najeriya. <ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> Shirin ya hada da procession zuwa Isuikwuato Local Government Headquarters da kwance a jihar a Imenyi Royal Palace a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba da kuma jana'izar jana'izar da binnewa a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba. Ayyukan jana'izar za su kammala tare da sabis na fita a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2024]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1936]] 95o6i2k2u7oza74jeurb88ua086s9cq 550418 550413 2024-12-02T11:35:07Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ezo Ukandu''' (15 ga Yuni, 1936 - 8 ga Janairu, 2024) ya kasance mai mulkin gargajiya [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] wanda ke riƙe da taken Enyi-na-Obiangwu na Masarautar Dā ta Imenyi na tsawon shekaru 48. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Shugabannin gargajiya ta [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] kuma shi ne Shugaban farko na Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adu ta Kudu maso Gabas.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> == Tarihi == === Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi === Eze Ukandu an haife shi ne a Ahaba Imenyi, [[Isuikwuato]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]], [[Najeriya]], ga Ezo da Nwanyi Issandu Ukandu . Shi ne babba cikin yara bakwai. Ukandu ya kammala karatun firamare a Ahaba Imenyi kuma daga baya ya sami takardar shaidar a ilimi na gaba ɗaya, sannan ya sami difloma a cikin gudanar da kasuwanci da gudanar da jama'a. === Kasancewar ma'aikata === Ukandu ta gudanar da kasuwanci da yawa a Aba, Jihar Abia, gami da kamfanoni a cikin karɓar baƙi da shigo da kayayyaki. Ya kafa masana'antar Deta Batteries tare da cibiyoyin rarrabawa a [[Najeriya]] da sauran sassan Afirka ta Yamma.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> Ta hanyar kamfaninsa Ukandu Motors, ya gudanar da franchises don rarrabawa da sabis na [[Peugeot]], Mercedes Benz, da sauran nau'ikan motoci.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> An karfafa sha'awar kasuwancinsa a karkashin Kamfanonin Ukandu, wanda ya hada da: * Motar Ukandu * Batir din * Yarda da * Gidajen gona na Ukandu * Multi-System Ltd. * Otal din Starlink * Starlink Hostels Ya shiga cikin kafa [[Jami'ar Jihar Abia]], Uturu kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan bankin kuɗi na jami'ar. <ref name="NG-Check">{{Cite web |title=Abia State Micro Finance Bank Ltd. |url=https://ng-check.com/abia-state-university-micro-finance-bank-ltd/839223.html |website=NG-Check}}</ref> Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban [[Filin jirgin saman Owerri|Filin jirgin saman Sam Mbakwe]] (tsohon Filin jirgin sama na Owerri), yana ba da tallafin kuɗi yayin gina shi.<ref name="auto" /> === Kasancewa cikin siyasa === A watan Yulin 2019, Ukandu ya ba da shawarar cewa gwamnan jihar Abia na gaba ya zo daga gundumar [[Isuikwuato]], yana mai nuna rashin amincewa. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019, an nada shi a cikin kwamitin mambobi hudu wanda ke da alhakin bunkasa hanyoyin zaɓe don sabon shugabancin Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adun gargajiya ta Jihar Abia, bayan da Gwamna [[Okezie Ikpeazu]] ya rushe ta. [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya nada Ukandu a matsayin Jakadan Sarauta na Kasa wanda ke wakiltar Kudu maso Gabas a Taron Zaman Lafiya na Kasa. Ya kuma rike mukamin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Majalisar Kudu maso Gabas ta Shugabannin Al'ada har zuwa mutuwarsa. == Kyautar karatu == A cikin shekarun 1990s, Ukandu ya kafa Shirin Gudanar da Gudanar da Makarantar Ukandu wanda ke ba da tallafi don ilimin cikin gida da na duniya. Shirin yana ba da tallafin kuɗi ga ɗalibai don karatu a cikin Najeriya da ƙasashen waje.<ref name="Championing Future Leaders">{{Cite web |title=Championing Future Leaders |url=https://hrmezoukandu.org |website=HRM Ezo Ukandu}}</ref> Ka'idodin zaɓe sun haɗa da aikin ilimi da aikin sabis na al'umma. == Daraja da kyaututtuka == === Darajar ilimi === * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Jihar Abia (1994) * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Kirista ta Bishara (Amurka) === Kasancewar membobin kwararru === * Fellow, Cibiyar Gudanar da Tallace-tallace ta Najeriya (FNISM) === Sanarwar addini === * Knight na St. Christopher (KSC), Ikilisiyar Anglican ta Najeriya === Naɗin jama'a === * Adalci na Zaman Lafiya An shirya Ukandu a nuna shi a cikin ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' jerin shirye-shirye masu zuwa game da tarihin Aba, cibiyar kasuwanci a Jihar Abia, Najeriya. ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' a cikin shirye-shiryen kafin 2024, an tsara shi azaman jerin yanayi biyu tare da aukuwa 40, yana mai da hankali kan ci gaban kasuwanci na Aba a cikin lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya. <ref name="auto3" /> Jerin ya shirya hada da hotuna na Ukandu da sauran 'yan kasuwa daga zamanin. <ref name="auto3" /> == Mutuwa == Ukandu ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2024, yana da shekaru 87. An shirya jana'izarsa a ranar 14-17 ga Nuwamba, 2024, a Masarautar Ahaba Imenyi ta Dā, Yankin Karamar Hukumar Isuikwuato, Jihar Abia, Najeriya. <ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> Shirin ya hada da procession zuwa Isuikwuato Local Government Headquarters da kwance a jihar a Imenyi Royal Palace a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba da kuma jana'izar jana'izar da binnewa a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba. Ayyukan jana'izar za su kammala tare da sabis na fita a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2024]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1936]] mq09rzkwrvebac6uo9hjt6p2kizlz7z 550422 550418 2024-12-02T11:36:40Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 550422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ezo Ukandu''' (15 ga Yuni, 1936 - 8 ga Janairu, 2024) ya kasance mai mulkin gargajiya [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] wanda ke riƙe da taken Enyi-na-Obiangwu na Masarautar Dā ta Imenyi na tsawon shekaru 48.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper">{{cite news |title=His Royal Majesty, Eze Ezo Ukandu for Burial November 15, 2024 |url=https://isuikwuatovoice.com.ng/2024/10/03/his-royal-majesty-eze-ezo-ukandu-for-burial-november-16-2024/ |work=Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper |date=Oct 3, 2024}}</ref><ref name="ABN TV">{{cite news |title=Foremost Isuikwuato Traditional Ruler, Dr. Ezo Ukandu Goes Home Amidst Befitting Farewell |url=https://abntv.com.ng/news/foremost-isuikwuato-traditional-ruler-dr-ezo-ukandu-goes-home-amidst-befitting-farewell-nov-15/#google_vignette |work=ABN TV |date=Oct 11, 2024}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Shugabannin gargajiya ta [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] kuma shi ne Shugaban farko na Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adu ta Kudu maso Gabas.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> == Tarihi == === Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi === Eze Ukandu an haife shi ne a Ahaba Imenyi, [[Isuikwuato]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]], [[Najeriya]], ga Ezo da Nwanyi Issandu Ukandu . Shi ne babba cikin yara bakwai. Ukandu ya kammala karatun firamare a Ahaba Imenyi kuma daga baya ya sami takardar shaidar a ilimi na gaba ɗaya, sannan ya sami difloma a cikin gudanar da kasuwanci da gudanar da jama'a. === Kasancewar ma'aikata === Ukandu ta gudanar da kasuwanci da yawa a Aba, Jihar Abia, gami da kamfanoni a cikin karɓar baƙi da shigo da kayayyaki. Ya kafa masana'antar Deta Batteries tare da cibiyoyin rarrabawa a [[Najeriya]] da sauran sassan Afirka ta Yamma.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> Ta hanyar kamfaninsa Ukandu Motors, ya gudanar da franchises don rarrabawa da sabis na [[Peugeot]], Mercedes Benz, da sauran nau'ikan motoci.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> An karfafa sha'awar kasuwancinsa a karkashin Kamfanonin Ukandu, wanda ya hada da: * Motar Ukandu * Batir din * Yarda da * Gidajen gona na Ukandu * Multi-System Ltd. * Otal din Starlink * Starlink Hostels Ya shiga cikin kafa [[Jami'ar Jihar Abia]], Uturu kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan bankin kuɗi na jami'ar. <ref name="NG-Check">{{Cite web |title=Abia State Micro Finance Bank Ltd. |url=https://ng-check.com/abia-state-university-micro-finance-bank-ltd/839223.html |website=NG-Check}}</ref> Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban [[Filin jirgin saman Owerri|Filin jirgin saman Sam Mbakwe]] (tsohon Filin jirgin sama na Owerri), yana ba da tallafin kuɗi yayin gina shi.<ref name="auto" /> === Kasancewa cikin siyasa === A watan Yulin 2019, Ukandu ya ba da shawarar cewa gwamnan jihar Abia na gaba ya zo daga gundumar [[Isuikwuato]], yana mai nuna rashin amincewa. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019, an nada shi a cikin kwamitin mambobi hudu wanda ke da alhakin bunkasa hanyoyin zaɓe don sabon shugabancin Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adun gargajiya ta Jihar Abia, bayan da Gwamna [[Okezie Ikpeazu]] ya rushe ta. [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya nada Ukandu a matsayin Jakadan Sarauta na Kasa wanda ke wakiltar Kudu maso Gabas a Taron Zaman Lafiya na Kasa. Ya kuma rike mukamin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Majalisar Kudu maso Gabas ta Shugabannin Al'ada har zuwa mutuwarsa. == Kyautar karatu == A cikin shekarun 1990s, Ukandu ya kafa Shirin Gudanar da Gudanar da Makarantar Ukandu wanda ke ba da tallafi don ilimin cikin gida da na duniya. Shirin yana ba da tallafin kuɗi ga ɗalibai don karatu a cikin Najeriya da ƙasashen waje.<ref name="Championing Future Leaders">{{Cite web |title=Championing Future Leaders |url=https://hrmezoukandu.org |website=HRM Ezo Ukandu}}</ref> Ka'idodin zaɓe sun haɗa da aikin ilimi da aikin sabis na al'umma. == Daraja da kyaututtuka == === Darajar ilimi === * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Jihar Abia (1994) * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Kirista ta Bishara (Amurka) === Kasancewar membobin kwararru === * Fellow, Cibiyar Gudanar da Tallace-tallace ta Najeriya (FNISM) === Sanarwar addini === * Knight na St. Christopher (KSC), Ikilisiyar Anglican ta Najeriya === Naɗin jama'a === * Adalci na Zaman Lafiya An shirya Ukandu a nuna shi a cikin ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' jerin shirye-shirye masu zuwa game da tarihin Aba, cibiyar kasuwanci a Jihar Abia, Najeriya. ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' a cikin shirye-shiryen kafin 2024, an tsara shi azaman jerin yanayi biyu tare da aukuwa 40, yana mai da hankali kan ci gaban kasuwanci na Aba a cikin lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya. <ref name="auto3" /> Jerin ya shirya hada da hotuna na Ukandu da sauran 'yan kasuwa daga zamanin. <ref name="auto3" /> == Mutuwa == Ukandu ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2024, yana da shekaru 87. An shirya jana'izarsa a ranar 14-17 ga Nuwamba, 2024, a Masarautar Ahaba Imenyi ta Dā, Yankin Karamar Hukumar Isuikwuato, Jihar Abia, Najeriya. <ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> Shirin ya hada da procession zuwa Isuikwuato Local Government Headquarters da kwance a jihar a Imenyi Royal Palace a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba da kuma jana'izar jana'izar da binnewa a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba. Ayyukan jana'izar za su kammala tare da sabis na fita a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2024]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1936]] nct0vjfdtzv19y014cppvetobcegv29 550423 550422 2024-12-02T11:37:59Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Kasancewar ma'aikata */ 550423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ezo Ukandu''' (15 ga Yuni, 1936 - 8 ga Janairu, 2024) ya kasance mai mulkin gargajiya [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] wanda ke riƙe da taken Enyi-na-Obiangwu na Masarautar Dā ta Imenyi na tsawon shekaru 48.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper">{{cite news |title=His Royal Majesty, Eze Ezo Ukandu for Burial November 15, 2024 |url=https://isuikwuatovoice.com.ng/2024/10/03/his-royal-majesty-eze-ezo-ukandu-for-burial-november-16-2024/ |work=Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper |date=Oct 3, 2024}}</ref><ref name="ABN TV">{{cite news |title=Foremost Isuikwuato Traditional Ruler, Dr. Ezo Ukandu Goes Home Amidst Befitting Farewell |url=https://abntv.com.ng/news/foremost-isuikwuato-traditional-ruler-dr-ezo-ukandu-goes-home-amidst-befitting-farewell-nov-15/#google_vignette |work=ABN TV |date=Oct 11, 2024}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Shugabannin gargajiya ta [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] kuma shi ne Shugaban farko na Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adu ta Kudu maso Gabas.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> == Tarihi == === Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi === Eze Ukandu an haife shi ne a Ahaba Imenyi, [[Isuikwuato]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]], [[Najeriya]], ga Ezo da Nwanyi Issandu Ukandu . Shi ne babba cikin yara bakwai. Ukandu ya kammala karatun firamare a Ahaba Imenyi kuma daga baya ya sami takardar shaidar a ilimi na gaba ɗaya, sannan ya sami difloma a cikin gudanar da kasuwanci da gudanar da jama'a. === Kasancewar ma'aikata === Ukandu ta gudanar da kasuwanci da yawa a Aba, Jihar Abia, gami da kamfanoni a cikin karɓar baƙi da shigo da kayayyaki.<ref name="Iwuoha">{{cite news |last1=Iwuoha |first1=Charles |title=Eze Ezo Ukandu Goes Home Nov. 15 |url=https://newsexpressngr.com/news/239936/eze-ezo-ukandu-goes-home-nov-15 |work=News Express |date=Oct 10, 2024}}</ref> Ya kafa masana'antar Deta Batteries tare da cibiyoyin rarrabawa a [[Najeriya]] da sauran sassan Afirka ta Yamma.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> Ta hanyar kamfaninsa Ukandu Motors, ya gudanar da franchises don rarrabawa da sabis na [[Peugeot]], Mercedes Benz, da sauran nau'ikan motoci.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> An karfafa sha'awar kasuwancinsa a karkashin Kamfanonin Ukandu, wanda ya hada da: * Motar Ukandu * Batir din * Yarda da * Gidajen gona na Ukandu * Multi-System Ltd. * Otal din Starlink * Starlink Hostels Ya shiga cikin kafa [[Jami'ar Jihar Abia]], Uturu kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan bankin kuɗi na jami'ar. <ref name="NG-Check">{{Cite web |title=Abia State Micro Finance Bank Ltd. |url=https://ng-check.com/abia-state-university-micro-finance-bank-ltd/839223.html |website=NG-Check}}</ref> Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban [[Filin jirgin saman Owerri|Filin jirgin saman Sam Mbakwe]] (tsohon Filin jirgin sama na Owerri), yana ba da tallafin kuɗi yayin gina shi.<ref name="auto" /> === Kasancewa cikin siyasa === A watan Yulin 2019, Ukandu ya ba da shawarar cewa gwamnan jihar Abia na gaba ya zo daga gundumar [[Isuikwuato]], yana mai nuna rashin amincewa. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019, an nada shi a cikin kwamitin mambobi hudu wanda ke da alhakin bunkasa hanyoyin zaɓe don sabon shugabancin Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adun gargajiya ta Jihar Abia, bayan da Gwamna [[Okezie Ikpeazu]] ya rushe ta. [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya nada Ukandu a matsayin Jakadan Sarauta na Kasa wanda ke wakiltar Kudu maso Gabas a Taron Zaman Lafiya na Kasa. Ya kuma rike mukamin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Majalisar Kudu maso Gabas ta Shugabannin Al'ada har zuwa mutuwarsa. == Kyautar karatu == A cikin shekarun 1990s, Ukandu ya kafa Shirin Gudanar da Gudanar da Makarantar Ukandu wanda ke ba da tallafi don ilimin cikin gida da na duniya. Shirin yana ba da tallafin kuɗi ga ɗalibai don karatu a cikin Najeriya da ƙasashen waje.<ref name="Championing Future Leaders">{{Cite web |title=Championing Future Leaders |url=https://hrmezoukandu.org |website=HRM Ezo Ukandu}}</ref> Ka'idodin zaɓe sun haɗa da aikin ilimi da aikin sabis na al'umma. == Daraja da kyaututtuka == === Darajar ilimi === * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Jihar Abia (1994) * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Kirista ta Bishara (Amurka) === Kasancewar membobin kwararru === * Fellow, Cibiyar Gudanar da Tallace-tallace ta Najeriya (FNISM) === Sanarwar addini === * Knight na St. Christopher (KSC), Ikilisiyar Anglican ta Najeriya === Naɗin jama'a === * Adalci na Zaman Lafiya An shirya Ukandu a nuna shi a cikin ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' jerin shirye-shirye masu zuwa game da tarihin Aba, cibiyar kasuwanci a Jihar Abia, Najeriya. ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' a cikin shirye-shiryen kafin 2024, an tsara shi azaman jerin yanayi biyu tare da aukuwa 40, yana mai da hankali kan ci gaban kasuwanci na Aba a cikin lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya. <ref name="auto3" /> Jerin ya shirya hada da hotuna na Ukandu da sauran 'yan kasuwa daga zamanin. <ref name="auto3" /> == Mutuwa == Ukandu ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2024, yana da shekaru 87. An shirya jana'izarsa a ranar 14-17 ga Nuwamba, 2024, a Masarautar Ahaba Imenyi ta Dā, Yankin Karamar Hukumar Isuikwuato, Jihar Abia, Najeriya. <ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> Shirin ya hada da procession zuwa Isuikwuato Local Government Headquarters da kwance a jihar a Imenyi Royal Palace a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba da kuma jana'izar jana'izar da binnewa a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba. Ayyukan jana'izar za su kammala tare da sabis na fita a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2024]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1936]] 7dawsfc2whq6z1i2cdcolzyd2qou4io 550426 550423 2024-12-02T11:39:40Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Naɗin jama'a */ 550426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ezo Ukandu''' (15 ga Yuni, 1936 - 8 ga Janairu, 2024) ya kasance mai mulkin gargajiya [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] wanda ke riƙe da taken Enyi-na-Obiangwu na Masarautar Dā ta Imenyi na tsawon shekaru 48.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper">{{cite news |title=His Royal Majesty, Eze Ezo Ukandu for Burial November 15, 2024 |url=https://isuikwuatovoice.com.ng/2024/10/03/his-royal-majesty-eze-ezo-ukandu-for-burial-november-16-2024/ |work=Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper |date=Oct 3, 2024}}</ref><ref name="ABN TV">{{cite news |title=Foremost Isuikwuato Traditional Ruler, Dr. Ezo Ukandu Goes Home Amidst Befitting Farewell |url=https://abntv.com.ng/news/foremost-isuikwuato-traditional-ruler-dr-ezo-ukandu-goes-home-amidst-befitting-farewell-nov-15/#google_vignette |work=ABN TV |date=Oct 11, 2024}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Shugabannin gargajiya ta [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] kuma shi ne Shugaban farko na Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adu ta Kudu maso Gabas.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> == Tarihi == === Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi === Eze Ukandu an haife shi ne a Ahaba Imenyi, [[Isuikwuato]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]], [[Najeriya]], ga Ezo da Nwanyi Issandu Ukandu . Shi ne babba cikin yara bakwai. Ukandu ya kammala karatun firamare a Ahaba Imenyi kuma daga baya ya sami takardar shaidar a ilimi na gaba ɗaya, sannan ya sami difloma a cikin gudanar da kasuwanci da gudanar da jama'a. === Kasancewar ma'aikata === Ukandu ta gudanar da kasuwanci da yawa a Aba, Jihar Abia, gami da kamfanoni a cikin karɓar baƙi da shigo da kayayyaki.<ref name="Iwuoha">{{cite news |last1=Iwuoha |first1=Charles |title=Eze Ezo Ukandu Goes Home Nov. 15 |url=https://newsexpressngr.com/news/239936/eze-ezo-ukandu-goes-home-nov-15 |work=News Express |date=Oct 10, 2024}}</ref> Ya kafa masana'antar Deta Batteries tare da cibiyoyin rarrabawa a [[Najeriya]] da sauran sassan Afirka ta Yamma.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> Ta hanyar kamfaninsa Ukandu Motors, ya gudanar da franchises don rarrabawa da sabis na [[Peugeot]], Mercedes Benz, da sauran nau'ikan motoci.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> An karfafa sha'awar kasuwancinsa a karkashin Kamfanonin Ukandu, wanda ya hada da: * Motar Ukandu * Batir din * Yarda da * Gidajen gona na Ukandu * Multi-System Ltd. * Otal din Starlink * Starlink Hostels Ya shiga cikin kafa [[Jami'ar Jihar Abia]], Uturu kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan bankin kuɗi na jami'ar. <ref name="NG-Check">{{Cite web |title=Abia State Micro Finance Bank Ltd. |url=https://ng-check.com/abia-state-university-micro-finance-bank-ltd/839223.html |website=NG-Check}}</ref> Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban [[Filin jirgin saman Owerri|Filin jirgin saman Sam Mbakwe]] (tsohon Filin jirgin sama na Owerri), yana ba da tallafin kuɗi yayin gina shi.<ref name="auto" /> === Kasancewa cikin siyasa === A watan Yulin 2019, Ukandu ya ba da shawarar cewa gwamnan jihar Abia na gaba ya zo daga gundumar [[Isuikwuato]], yana mai nuna rashin amincewa. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019, an nada shi a cikin kwamitin mambobi hudu wanda ke da alhakin bunkasa hanyoyin zaɓe don sabon shugabancin Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adun gargajiya ta Jihar Abia, bayan da Gwamna [[Okezie Ikpeazu]] ya rushe ta. [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya nada Ukandu a matsayin Jakadan Sarauta na Kasa wanda ke wakiltar Kudu maso Gabas a Taron Zaman Lafiya na Kasa. Ya kuma rike mukamin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Majalisar Kudu maso Gabas ta Shugabannin Al'ada har zuwa mutuwarsa. == Kyautar karatu == A cikin shekarun 1990s, Ukandu ya kafa Shirin Gudanar da Gudanar da Makarantar Ukandu wanda ke ba da tallafi don ilimin cikin gida da na duniya. Shirin yana ba da tallafin kuɗi ga ɗalibai don karatu a cikin Najeriya da ƙasashen waje.<ref name="Championing Future Leaders">{{Cite web |title=Championing Future Leaders |url=https://hrmezoukandu.org |website=HRM Ezo Ukandu}}</ref> Ka'idodin zaɓe sun haɗa da aikin ilimi da aikin sabis na al'umma. == Daraja da kyaututtuka == === Darajar ilimi === * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Jihar Abia (1994) * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Kirista ta Bishara (Amurka) === Kasancewar membobin kwararru === * Fellow, Cibiyar Gudanar da Tallace-tallace ta Najeriya (FNISM) === Sanarwar addini === * Knight na St. Christopher (KSC), Ikilisiyar Anglican ta Najeriya === Naɗin jama'a === * Adalci na Zaman Lafiya An shirya Ukandu a nuna shi a cikin ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' jerin shirye-shirye masu zuwa game da tarihin Aba, cibiyar kasuwanci a Jihar Abia, Najeriya.<ref name="auto3">{{cite news |last1=Ifeanyi |first1=Emmanuel |title=Chronicling Enyimba's Resilience, Entrepreneurship On Big Screen |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/chronicling-enyimbas-resilience-entrepreneurship-on-big-screen/#google_vignette |work=New Telegraph |date=Sep 5, 2024}}</ref> ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' a cikin shirye-shiryen kafin 2024, an tsara shi azaman jerin yanayi biyu tare da aukuwa 40, yana mai da hankali kan ci gaban kasuwanci na Aba a cikin lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya. <ref name="auto3" /> Jerin ya shirya hada da hotuna na Ukandu da sauran 'yan kasuwa daga zamanin. <ref name="auto3" /> == Mutuwa == Ukandu ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2024, yana da shekaru 87. An shirya jana'izarsa a ranar 14-17 ga Nuwamba, 2024, a Masarautar Ahaba Imenyi ta Dā, Yankin Karamar Hukumar Isuikwuato, Jihar Abia, Najeriya. <ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> Shirin ya hada da procession zuwa Isuikwuato Local Government Headquarters da kwance a jihar a Imenyi Royal Palace a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba da kuma jana'izar jana'izar da binnewa a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba. Ayyukan jana'izar za su kammala tare da sabis na fita a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2024]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1936]] qhn3llryefssgi6a787sb8q9j9xi4by 550431 550426 2024-12-02T11:42:26Z A Sulaiman Z 13085 /* Kasancewar ma'aikata */ 550431 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ezo Ukandu''' (15 ga Yuni, 1936 - 8 ga Janairu, 2024) ya kasance mai mulkin gargajiya [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Na Najeriya]] wanda ke riƙe da taken Enyi-na-Obiangwu na Masarautar Dā ta Imenyi na tsawon shekaru 48.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper">{{cite news |title=His Royal Majesty, Eze Ezo Ukandu for Burial November 15, 2024 |url=https://isuikwuatovoice.com.ng/2024/10/03/his-royal-majesty-eze-ezo-ukandu-for-burial-november-16-2024/ |work=Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper |date=Oct 3, 2024}}</ref><ref name="ABN TV">{{cite news |title=Foremost Isuikwuato Traditional Ruler, Dr. Ezo Ukandu Goes Home Amidst Befitting Farewell |url=https://abntv.com.ng/news/foremost-isuikwuato-traditional-ruler-dr-ezo-ukandu-goes-home-amidst-befitting-farewell-nov-15/#google_vignette |work=ABN TV |date=Oct 11, 2024}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Shugabannin gargajiya ta [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]] kuma shi ne Shugaban farko na Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adu ta Kudu maso Gabas.<ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> == Tarihi == === Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi === Eze Ukandu an haife shi ne a Ahaba Imenyi, [[Isuikwuato]], [[Abiya|Jihar Abia]], [[Najeriya]], ga Ezo da Nwanyi Issandu Ukandu . Shi ne babba cikin yara bakwai. Ukandu ya kammala karatun firamare a Ahaba Imenyi kuma daga baya ya sami takardar shaidar a ilimi na gaba ɗaya, sannan ya sami difloma a cikin gudanar da kasuwanci da gudanar da jama'a. === Kasancewar ma'aikata === Ukandu ta gudanar da kasuwanci da yawa a Aba, Jihar Abia, gami da kamfanoni a cikin karɓar baƙi da shigo da kayayyaki.<ref name="Iwuoha">{{cite news |last1=Iwuoha |first1=Charles |title=Eze Ezo Ukandu Goes Home Nov. 15 |url=https://newsexpressngr.com/news/239936/eze-ezo-ukandu-goes-home-nov-15 |work=News Express |date=Oct 10, 2024}}</ref> Ya kafa masana'antar Deta Batteries tare da cibiyoyin rarrabawa a [[Najeriya]] da sauran sassan Afirka ta Yamma.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> Ta hanyar kamfaninsa Ukandu Motors, ya gudanar da franchises don rarrabawa da sabis na [[Peugeot]], Mercedes Benz, da sauran nau'ikan motoci.<ref name="Iwuoha" /> An karfafa sha'awar kasuwancinsa a karkashin Kamfanonin Ukandu, wanda ya hada da: * Motar Ukandu * Batir din * Yarda da * Gidajen gona na Ukandu * Multi-System Ltd. * Otal din Starlink * Starlink Hostels Ya shiga cikin kafa [[Jami'ar Jihar Abia]],<ref name="auto">{{cite news |last1=Balogun |first1=Tajudeen |title=Eze Ezo Ukandu, 1936-2024: Legacy of an Igbo Icon |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/eze-ezo-ukandu-1936-2024-legacy-of-an-igbo-icon/ |work=The Eagle Online |date=Oct 23, 2024}}</ref> Uturu kuma daga baya ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan bankin kuɗi na jami'ar. <ref name="NG-Check">{{Cite web |title=Abia State Micro Finance Bank Ltd. |url=https://ng-check.com/abia-state-university-micro-finance-bank-ltd/839223.html |website=NG-Check}}</ref> Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban [[Filin jirgin saman Owerri|Filin jirgin saman Sam Mbakwe]] (tsohon Filin jirgin sama na Owerri), yana ba da tallafin kuɗi yayin gina shi.<ref name="auto" /> === Kasancewa cikin siyasa === A watan Yulin 2019, Ukandu ya ba da shawarar cewa gwamnan jihar Abia na gaba ya zo daga gundumar [[Isuikwuato]], yana mai nuna rashin amincewa. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019, an nada shi a cikin kwamitin mambobi hudu wanda ke da alhakin bunkasa hanyoyin zaɓe don sabon shugabancin Majalisar Shugabannin Al'adun gargajiya ta Jihar Abia, bayan da Gwamna [[Okezie Ikpeazu]] ya rushe ta. [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya nada Ukandu a matsayin Jakadan Sarauta na Kasa wanda ke wakiltar Kudu maso Gabas a Taron Zaman Lafiya na Kasa. Ya kuma rike mukamin Shugaban Kwamitin Amintattun Majalisar Kudu maso Gabas ta Shugabannin Al'ada har zuwa mutuwarsa. == Kyautar karatu == A cikin shekarun 1990s, Ukandu ya kafa Shirin Gudanar da Gudanar da Makarantar Ukandu wanda ke ba da tallafi don ilimin cikin gida da na duniya. Shirin yana ba da tallafin kuɗi ga ɗalibai don karatu a cikin Najeriya da ƙasashen waje.<ref name="Championing Future Leaders">{{Cite web |title=Championing Future Leaders |url=https://hrmezoukandu.org |website=HRM Ezo Ukandu}}</ref> Ka'idodin zaɓe sun haɗa da aikin ilimi da aikin sabis na al'umma. == Daraja da kyaututtuka == === Darajar ilimi === * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Jihar Abia (1994) * Dokta mai daraja na Gudanar da Kasuwanci, Jami'ar Kirista ta Bishara (Amurka) === Kasancewar membobin kwararru === * Fellow, Cibiyar Gudanar da Tallace-tallace ta Najeriya (FNISM) === Sanarwar addini === * Knight na St. Christopher (KSC), Ikilisiyar Anglican ta Najeriya === Naɗin jama'a === * Adalci na Zaman Lafiya An shirya Ukandu a nuna shi a cikin ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' jerin shirye-shirye masu zuwa game da tarihin Aba, cibiyar kasuwanci a Jihar Abia, Najeriya.<ref name="auto3">{{cite news |last1=Ifeanyi |first1=Emmanuel |title=Chronicling Enyimba's Resilience, Entrepreneurship On Big Screen |url=https://newtelegraphng.com/chronicling-enyimbas-resilience-entrepreneurship-on-big-screen/#google_vignette |work=New Telegraph |date=Sep 5, 2024}}</ref> ''Tarihin Enyimba,'' a cikin shirye-shiryen kafin 2024, an tsara shi azaman jerin yanayi biyu tare da aukuwa 40, yana mai da hankali kan ci gaban kasuwanci na Aba a cikin lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya. <ref name="auto3" /> Jerin ya shirya hada da hotuna na Ukandu da sauran 'yan kasuwa daga zamanin. <ref name="auto3" /> == Mutuwa == Ukandu ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 2024, yana da shekaru 87. An shirya jana'izarsa a ranar 14-17 ga Nuwamba, 2024, a Masarautar Ahaba Imenyi ta Dā, Yankin Karamar Hukumar Isuikwuato, Jihar Abia, Najeriya. <ref name="Isuikwuato Voice Newspaper" /> Shirin ya hada da procession zuwa Isuikwuato Local Government Headquarters da kwance a jihar a Imenyi Royal Palace a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba da kuma jana'izar jana'izar da binnewa a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba. Ayyukan jana'izar za su kammala tare da sabis na fita a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2024]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1936]] e9uxsk7ea5dcwlhabcka2jf4j39tltf 0 88434 550424 2024-12-02T11:38:52Z Smshika 14840 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1255926868|Hani (name)]]" 550424 wikitext text/x-wiki ''Hani'' da Larabci: هانئ {{Lang|ar-Latn|hānī'}} " kalamace ta farincin wanda sunan namiji ne na Larabci, sunan da aka ba maza ɗan koma Hungary (ƙananan Ann [ana buƙatar]), Malay, Indonesian da Koriya sunan da aka bayar.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2022}}{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2022}}[ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] Har ila yau sunan mahaifi ne. == Sunan da aka ba shi == * Hani al-Sibai (an haife shi a shekara ta 1961), masanin Sunni na Masar * Hani Hanjour (1972-2001), ta'addanci na 9/11 da kuma satar jirgin sama na American Airlines Flight 77Jirgin Sama na Amurka Flight 77 * Hany Mukhtar (an haife shi a shekara ta 1995), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Jamus * Hani Naser (1950-2020), mawaƙin Jordan-Amurka * Hani Mohsin (1965-2006), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Malaysia, mai masaukin baki da kuma furodusa * Hany Shaker (an haife shi a shekara ta 1952), mawaƙin Masar * Hany Soh (an haife shi a shekara ta 1987), ɗan siyasan Singapore kuma lauya * Hani Bahjat Tabbara (an haife shi a shekara ta 1939), jami'in diflomasiyyar Jordan * Hani ibn Urwa (ya mutu 680), shugaban Kufan == Sunan mahaifi == * Chris Hani (1942-1993), ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu * Don Hany (an haife shi a shekara ta 1975), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Australiya * Jean Hani (1917-2012), masanin falsafa na Faransa * Nadine Hani (an haife ta a shekara ta 1973), mai gabatar da talabijin na Lebanon qjr9ar3x9ansxzj22k04ge8h0b96v7k 550427 550424 2024-12-02T11:40:01Z Smshika 14840 550427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} ''Hani'' da Larabci: هانئ {{Lang|ar-Latn|hānī'}} " kalamace ta farincin wanda sunan namiji ne na Larabci, sunan da aka ba maza ɗan koma Hungary (ƙananan Ann [ana buƙatar]), Malay, Indonesian da Koriya sunan da aka bayar.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2022}}{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=April 2022}}[ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] Har ila yau sunan mahaifi ne. == Sunan da aka ba shi == * Hani al-Sibai (an haife shi a shekara ta 1961), masanin Sunni na Masar * Hani Hanjour (1972-2001), ta'addanci na 9/11 da kuma satar jirgin sama na American Airlines Flight 77Jirgin Sama na Amurka Flight 77 * Hany Mukhtar (an haife shi a shekara ta 1995), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Jamus * Hani Naser (1950-2020), mawaƙin Jordan-Amurka * Hani Mohsin (1965-2006), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Malaysia, mai masaukin baki da kuma furodusa * Hany Shaker (an haife shi a shekara ta 1952), mawaƙin Masar * Hany Soh (an haife shi a shekara ta 1987), ɗan siyasan Singapore kuma lauya * Hani Bahjat Tabbara (an haife shi a shekara ta 1939), jami'in diflomasiyyar Jordan * Hani ibn Urwa (ya mutu 680), shugaban Kufan == Sunan mahaifi == * Chris Hani (1942-1993), ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu * Don Hany (an haife shi a shekara ta 1975), ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Australiya * Jean Hani (1917-2012), masanin falsafa na Faransa * Nadine Hani (an haife ta a shekara ta 1973), mai gabatar da talabijin na Lebanon kk04yq251k5zi5xxr03mejqxmm2lb6u 0 88435 550433 2024-12-02T11:51:50Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1259449972|Themba Khoza]]" 550433 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thembinkosi Samson Khoza''' (17 ga Mayu 1959 - 28 ga Mayu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne wanda ya wakilci Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a cikin Mayu 2000. Ya kasance tsohon shugaban kungiyar matasan Brigade ta IFP kuma ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar a lardin Gauteng . A cikin 1980s da 1990s, an yaba shi da fadada kasancewar IFP a fagen siyasa a cikin Transvaal . A lokacin mutuwarsa, Khoza yana jiran shari'a ne kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu wajen tada kayar baya da kuma tada rikicin siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan IFP da magoya bayan jam'iyyar ANC a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata . A hukumar gaskiya da sasantawa, jami’an tsaro na ‘yan sanda sun shaida cewa Khoza babban mutum ne mai karbar makamai da kuma rarraba makaman da gwamnati ta kawo, wadanda suka ce daga baya aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan kiyashi a Transvaal. == Rayuwa da farkon aiki == An haifi Khoza a ranar 17 ga Mayu 1959 <ref name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> a Eshowe a Zululand a tsohuwar lardin Natal . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}</ref> Tsohon ma'aikacin banki, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ya shiga Inkatha Youth Brigade a cikin 1975 <ref name=":0" /> kuma ya zama shugabanta a cikin 1980s. <ref name=":1" /> An bayyana shi a matsayin shugaban masu ra'ayin jama'a <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa bayanin martaba na Inkatha (daga baya IFP) a daidai lokacin da yawancin karfin ikonsa ya kasance a cikin KwaZulu bantustan . <ref name=":0" /> A cikin 1990, Khoza ya buɗe ofishin ƙungiya na farko na jam'iyyar a Transvaal, kuma a shekara ta gaba aka zabe shi a matsayin babban kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm "Khoza, Themba"]. ''The O'Malley Archives''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya jagoranci Inkatha a lokacin da ake fama da tashe-tashen hankula na siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan Inkatha da magoya bayan jam'iyyar adawa ta ANC. == Majalisa: 1994-2000 == A zaɓen farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994, an zaɓi Khoza don wakiltar IFP a sabuwar Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Duk da haka, kuma a cikin 1994, an kori Khoza daga shugabancin lardin na IFP a Gauteng (tsohon Transvaal), ya kasa samun nasarar sake tsayawa takara a wani kujera na yau da kullum a kwamitin gudanarwa na lardin. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=1996-03-29 |title=Shell House march goes off peacefully |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-03-29-shell-house-march-goes-off-peacefully/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1996, an ba da rahoton cewa ya shiga gwagwarmayar mulki tare da abokin hamayyarsa a Gauteng IFP, Musa Myeni. <ref name=":3" /> Daga baya Khoza ya koma tsohon ofishinsa a matsayin shugaban lardin IFP. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996-12-13 |title=Political conflict flares at Thokoza |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-12-13-political-conflict-flares-at-thokoza/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> Gabanin babban zaben na 1999, Khoza ya kasance shugaba tare da Mathole Motshekga na jam'iyyar ANC, na kwamitin hadin gwiwa na IFP-ANC da aka kafa a Gauteng domin sa ido da sassauta takun saka tsakanin jam'iyyun. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Old rivals may unite to rule Gauteng |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-old-rivals-may-unite-to-rule-gauteng/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An sake zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisa a wancan zabe kuma ya yi aiki a majalisar dokokin kasar har zuwa rasuwarsa, duk da cewa an kore shi daga aikinsa tun daga watan Afrilun 2000 zuwa gaba saboda rashin lafiya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Rikicin siyasa == A lokacin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2000, Khoza yana jiran shari'a kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu a rikicin siyasar IFP-ANC na karshen shekarun 1980 da farkon 1990, musamman a garuruwan Vaal da Gabashin Rand . Laifukan sun hada da tada zaune tsaye; bindiga ; da yunkurin kisan kai, dangane da mutuwar wasu mambobin ANC guda biyu a 1990. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Ko da yake ya dade yana da suna a matsayin "shugaban yaƙi" na IFP, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1" /> zarge-zargen da ake yi masa ya sami tabbaci a cikin shaidun da Hukumar Gaskiya da Sasantawa (TRC) ta tattara a tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1990s. === Ana zargin bindiga === A cikin Maris 1994, Hukumar Goldstone kan tashin hankalin siyasa ta bayyana Khoza yana cikin membobin IFP da ke da hannu wajen karba da rarraba makamai na gida wanda sashin Vlakplaas na Tsaro ya kawo, a wani bangare na tabbatar da ka'idar cewa wata jiha ce ta jawo tashin hankalin IFP-ANC. -haɗe da ƙarfi na uku . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1997-05-16 |title=Inkatha turns a blind eye to amnesty |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1997-05-16-inkatha-turns-a-blind-eye-to-amnesty/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Daga baya TRC ta kammala cewa alakar da ke tsakanin IFP da Vlakplaas ta samo asali ne a wani taron 1990 inda Khoza ya bukaci wani jami'in Vlakplaas da ya baiwa jam'iyyar makamai; Ma'aikatan Vlakplaas, ciki har da kwamanda Eugene de Kock, sun ba da shaida cewa sun ba da kayayyaki da dama na makamai, da suka hada da bama-bamai na gida da [[AK-47]] na hannun hannu, ga Khoza, wanda ake zargin ya rarraba su a tsakanin magoya bayan IFP a dakunan kwanan dalibai na ma'adinai a cikin gari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection8.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> De Kock ya kuma shaida cewa Khoza ma'aikacin Tsaro ne na Reshen Tsaro, <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 3, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume3/chapter6/subsection76.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> da kuma ma'aikacin Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Khoza ya musanta wadannan zarge-zargen. <ref name=":5" /> === kisan kiyashin Sebokeng === Wasu ma’aikatan Vlakplaas biyu sun ce sun ba wa Khoza bindigu da gurneti da aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan mutane 19 a gidan kwanan dalibai na Sebokeng a watan Satumbar 1990. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Boipatong: Uncovering the real conspiracy |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-boipatong-uncovering-the-real-conspiracy/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Haka kuma, wasu tsaffin ‘yan sanda uku sun nemi a yi musu afuwa saboda rawar da suka taka a wani rufa-rufa da aka yi wanda aka tabbatar da wanke Khoza daga zargin mallakar makamai bayan kisan kiyashin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 6, Section 4 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume6/section4/chapter3/subsection6.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> An kama Khoza da safe bayan kisan kiyashin bayan an same shi a wurin da makamai iri-iri a cikin boot din motarsa kirar Nissan Sentra (wanda de Kock ya yi ikirarin baiwa Khoza daga Ofishin Tsaro). <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ‘Yan sandan da lamarin ya shafa sun ce, bayan fahimtar da Khoza ke da muhimmanci a siyasance, sun yi amfani da bayanan shaidu da kuma bayanan bincike da kuma na bogi domin tabbatar da cewa Khoza da makaman ba za a alakanta su da kisan ba. <ref name=":7" /> <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-07-30 |title=No reconciliation possible without |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-07-30-no-reconciliation-possible-without/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sun kuma ce sun biya belin Khoza. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection9.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> === Kisan gillar Boipatong === Haka kuma Khoza ya kasance akai-akai, ko da yake ba shi da ma'ana, yana da alaƙa da tsarawa da shirya kisan gillar Boipatong na 1992, mafi muni a lokacin. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Daya daga cikin mutane 16 da aka samu da laifin aikata kisan ya shaidawa hukumar ta TRC cewa Khoza na da hannu wajen shirya harin da kuma aiwatar da harin, ciki har da samar da makaman da aka samu daga hannun ‘yan sanda. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ "Cracks in Boipatong story"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 22 January 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Wani kuma ya ce Khoza ya taimaka wajen boye kisan kiyashin bayan haka, inda ya umurci wadanda suka aikata laifin da su lalata kayayyakin da suka wawashe a Boipatong. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1998-07-17 |title=Boipatong won’t forgive killers |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-07-17-boipatong-wont-forgive-killers/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Shaidu sun danganta Khoza da wasu abubuwan da suka faru, ciki har da kisan shugaban ANC Sam Ntuli <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-12-13 |title=Khoza implicated in ANC killing |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-12-13-khoza-implicated-in-anc-killing/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> da kuma shirin kisan kiyashi na mutane 11 a Nqutu, KwaZulu a 1993. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ "Long history of third force allegations"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 20 October 1995<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A bayyane yake Khoza ya kasance babban jigo wajen tsara tattakin da IFP ta yi a watan Maris na 1994 kan Shell House, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marinovich |first=Greg |date=2014-03-27 |title=The Truth Elusive: Shell House massacre, 20 years later |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2014-03-28-the-truth-elusive-shell-house-massacre-20-years-later/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> wanda wasu ke ganin an yi niyya ne a matsayin wani mafari na kai hari kan shugabannin ANC; <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Shawarwari irin wannan ya sa Sakatare-Janar na ANC [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] ya yi zargin a majalisa cewa Khoza yana da wata hujja da zai ba da amsa game da kisan gillar da aka yi a gidan Shell : Ramaphosa ya ce, "Shi ne babban mai shirya wannan tattakin [a gidan Shell]. dole ne ya tashi a nan ya gaya wa al'umma gaba daya abin da ya yi a wannan rana". <ref>{{Cite web |date=1995-06-08 |title=Shell House: What they said in Parliament this week |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-06-09-shell-house-what-they-said-in-parliament-this-week/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2000, yana da shekaru 41, a asibiti a Benoni a wajen Johannesburg. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2000-06-02 |title=Themba Khoza; Leader of S. Africa's Inkatha Party |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-jun-02-me-36682-story.html |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Mutuwar tasa ta zo daidai da yadda cutar kanjamau ta yi kamari a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma an yi ta cece-kuce a tsakanin jama'a game da yanayin rashin lafiyarsa, saboda rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba na cewa tana da nasaba da cutar kanjamau. <ref name=":1" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced "Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies"]. ''AP News''. 1 June 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya auri Sonosini Khoza kuma yana da ‘ya’ya shida, maza hudu da mata biyu. <ref name=":4" /> == Duba kuma == * Tattaunawar kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 82u6ifkv432k50nd7s7w87vsgi0q5p6 550434 550433 2024-12-02T11:53:11Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Rayuwa da farkon aiki */ 550434 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thembinkosi Samson Khoza''' (17 ga Mayu 1959 - 28 ga Mayu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne wanda ya wakilci Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a cikin Mayu 2000. Ya kasance tsohon shugaban kungiyar matasan Brigade ta IFP kuma ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar a lardin Gauteng . A cikin 1980s da 1990s, an yaba shi da fadada kasancewar IFP a fagen siyasa a cikin Transvaal . A lokacin mutuwarsa, Khoza yana jiran shari'a ne kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu wajen tada kayar baya da kuma tada rikicin siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan IFP da magoya bayan jam'iyyar ANC a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata . A hukumar gaskiya da sasantawa, jami’an tsaro na ‘yan sanda sun shaida cewa Khoza babban mutum ne mai karbar makamai da kuma rarraba makaman da gwamnati ta kawo, wadanda suka ce daga baya aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan kiyashi a Transvaal. == Rayuwa da farkon aiki == An haifi Khoza a ranar 17 ga Mayu 1959 <ref> name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> a Eshowe a Zululand a tsohuwar lardin Natal . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}</ref> Tsohon ma'aikacin banki, <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ya shiga Inkatha Youth Brigade a cikin 1975 <ref name=":0" /> kuma ya zama shugabanta a cikin 1980s. <ref name=":1" /> An bayyana shi a matsayin shugaban masu ra'ayin jama'a <ref> name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa bayanin martaba na Inkatha (daga baya IFP) a daidai lokacin da yawancin karfin ikonsa ya kasance a cikin KwaZulu bantustan . <ref name=":0" /> A cikin 1990, Khoza ya buɗe ofishin ƙungiya na farko na jam'iyyar a Transvaal, kuma a shekara ta gaba aka zabe shi a matsayin babban kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm "Khoza, Themba"]. ''The O'Malley Archives''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya jagoranci Inkatha a lokacin da ake fama da tashe-tashen hankula na siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan Inkatha da magoya bayan jam'iyyar adawa ta ANC. == Majalisa: 1994-2000 == A zaɓen farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994, an zaɓi Khoza don wakiltar IFP a sabuwar Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Duk da haka, kuma a cikin 1994, an kori Khoza daga shugabancin lardin na IFP a Gauteng (tsohon Transvaal), ya kasa samun nasarar sake tsayawa takara a wani kujera na yau da kullum a kwamitin gudanarwa na lardin. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=1996-03-29 |title=Shell House march goes off peacefully |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-03-29-shell-house-march-goes-off-peacefully/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1996, an ba da rahoton cewa ya shiga gwagwarmayar mulki tare da abokin hamayyarsa a Gauteng IFP, Musa Myeni. <ref name=":3" /> Daga baya Khoza ya koma tsohon ofishinsa a matsayin shugaban lardin IFP. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996-12-13 |title=Political conflict flares at Thokoza |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-12-13-political-conflict-flares-at-thokoza/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> Gabanin babban zaben na 1999, Khoza ya kasance shugaba tare da Mathole Motshekga na jam'iyyar ANC, na kwamitin hadin gwiwa na IFP-ANC da aka kafa a Gauteng domin sa ido da sassauta takun saka tsakanin jam'iyyun. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Old rivals may unite to rule Gauteng |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-old-rivals-may-unite-to-rule-gauteng/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An sake zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisa a wancan zabe kuma ya yi aiki a majalisar dokokin kasar har zuwa rasuwarsa, duk da cewa an kore shi daga aikinsa tun daga watan Afrilun 2000 zuwa gaba saboda rashin lafiya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Rikicin siyasa == A lokacin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2000, Khoza yana jiran shari'a kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu a rikicin siyasar IFP-ANC na karshen shekarun 1980 da farkon 1990, musamman a garuruwan Vaal da Gabashin Rand . Laifukan sun hada da tada zaune tsaye; bindiga ; da yunkurin kisan kai, dangane da mutuwar wasu mambobin ANC guda biyu a 1990. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Ko da yake ya dade yana da suna a matsayin "shugaban yaƙi" na IFP, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1" /> zarge-zargen da ake yi masa ya sami tabbaci a cikin shaidun da Hukumar Gaskiya da Sasantawa (TRC) ta tattara a tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1990s. === Ana zargin bindiga === A cikin Maris 1994, Hukumar Goldstone kan tashin hankalin siyasa ta bayyana Khoza yana cikin membobin IFP da ke da hannu wajen karba da rarraba makamai na gida wanda sashin Vlakplaas na Tsaro ya kawo, a wani bangare na tabbatar da ka'idar cewa wata jiha ce ta jawo tashin hankalin IFP-ANC. -haɗe da ƙarfi na uku . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1997-05-16 |title=Inkatha turns a blind eye to amnesty |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1997-05-16-inkatha-turns-a-blind-eye-to-amnesty/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Daga baya TRC ta kammala cewa alakar da ke tsakanin IFP da Vlakplaas ta samo asali ne a wani taron 1990 inda Khoza ya bukaci wani jami'in Vlakplaas da ya baiwa jam'iyyar makamai; Ma'aikatan Vlakplaas, ciki har da kwamanda Eugene de Kock, sun ba da shaida cewa sun ba da kayayyaki da dama na makamai, da suka hada da bama-bamai na gida da [[AK-47]] na hannun hannu, ga Khoza, wanda ake zargin ya rarraba su a tsakanin magoya bayan IFP a dakunan kwanan dalibai na ma'adinai a cikin gari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection8.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> De Kock ya kuma shaida cewa Khoza ma'aikacin Tsaro ne na Reshen Tsaro, <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 3, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume3/chapter6/subsection76.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> da kuma ma'aikacin Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Khoza ya musanta wadannan zarge-zargen. <ref name=":5" /> === kisan kiyashin Sebokeng === Wasu ma’aikatan Vlakplaas biyu sun ce sun ba wa Khoza bindigu da gurneti da aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan mutane 19 a gidan kwanan dalibai na Sebokeng a watan Satumbar 1990. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Boipatong: Uncovering the real conspiracy |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-boipatong-uncovering-the-real-conspiracy/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Haka kuma, wasu tsaffin ‘yan sanda uku sun nemi a yi musu afuwa saboda rawar da suka taka a wani rufa-rufa da aka yi wanda aka tabbatar da wanke Khoza daga zargin mallakar makamai bayan kisan kiyashin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 6, Section 4 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume6/section4/chapter3/subsection6.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> An kama Khoza da safe bayan kisan kiyashin bayan an same shi a wurin da makamai iri-iri a cikin boot din motarsa kirar Nissan Sentra (wanda de Kock ya yi ikirarin baiwa Khoza daga Ofishin Tsaro). <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ‘Yan sandan da lamarin ya shafa sun ce, bayan fahimtar da Khoza ke da muhimmanci a siyasance, sun yi amfani da bayanan shaidu da kuma bayanan bincike da kuma na bogi domin tabbatar da cewa Khoza da makaman ba za a alakanta su da kisan ba. <ref name=":7" /> <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-07-30 |title=No reconciliation possible without |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-07-30-no-reconciliation-possible-without/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sun kuma ce sun biya belin Khoza. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection9.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> === Kisan gillar Boipatong === Haka kuma Khoza ya kasance akai-akai, ko da yake ba shi da ma'ana, yana da alaƙa da tsarawa da shirya kisan gillar Boipatong na 1992, mafi muni a lokacin. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Daya daga cikin mutane 16 da aka samu da laifin aikata kisan ya shaidawa hukumar ta TRC cewa Khoza na da hannu wajen shirya harin da kuma aiwatar da harin, ciki har da samar da makaman da aka samu daga hannun ‘yan sanda. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ "Cracks in Boipatong story"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 22 January 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Wani kuma ya ce Khoza ya taimaka wajen boye kisan kiyashin bayan haka, inda ya umurci wadanda suka aikata laifin da su lalata kayayyakin da suka wawashe a Boipatong. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1998-07-17 |title=Boipatong won’t forgive killers |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-07-17-boipatong-wont-forgive-killers/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Shaidu sun danganta Khoza da wasu abubuwan da suka faru, ciki har da kisan shugaban ANC Sam Ntuli <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-12-13 |title=Khoza implicated in ANC killing |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-12-13-khoza-implicated-in-anc-killing/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> da kuma shirin kisan kiyashi na mutane 11 a Nqutu, KwaZulu a 1993. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ "Long history of third force allegations"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 20 October 1995<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A bayyane yake Khoza ya kasance babban jigo wajen tsara tattakin da IFP ta yi a watan Maris na 1994 kan Shell House, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marinovich |first=Greg |date=2014-03-27 |title=The Truth Elusive: Shell House massacre, 20 years later |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2014-03-28-the-truth-elusive-shell-house-massacre-20-years-later/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> wanda wasu ke ganin an yi niyya ne a matsayin wani mafari na kai hari kan shugabannin ANC; <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Shawarwari irin wannan ya sa Sakatare-Janar na ANC [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] ya yi zargin a majalisa cewa Khoza yana da wata hujja da zai ba da amsa game da kisan gillar da aka yi a gidan Shell : Ramaphosa ya ce, "Shi ne babban mai shirya wannan tattakin [a gidan Shell]. dole ne ya tashi a nan ya gaya wa al'umma gaba daya abin da ya yi a wannan rana". <ref>{{Cite web |date=1995-06-08 |title=Shell House: What they said in Parliament this week |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-06-09-shell-house-what-they-said-in-parliament-this-week/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2000, yana da shekaru 41, a asibiti a Benoni a wajen Johannesburg. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2000-06-02 |title=Themba Khoza; Leader of S. Africa's Inkatha Party |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-jun-02-me-36682-story.html |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Mutuwar tasa ta zo daidai da yadda cutar kanjamau ta yi kamari a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma an yi ta cece-kuce a tsakanin jama'a game da yanayin rashin lafiyarsa, saboda rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba na cewa tana da nasaba da cutar kanjamau. <ref name=":1" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced "Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies"]. ''AP News''. 1 June 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya auri Sonosini Khoza kuma yana da ‘ya’ya shida, maza hudu da mata biyu. <ref name=":4" /> == Duba kuma == * Tattaunawar kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lftabp9nu992pl2yq4ah1ojnk3vkdkr 550435 550434 2024-12-02T11:53:57Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Rayuwa da farkon aiki */ 550435 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thembinkosi Samson Khoza''' (17 ga Mayu 1959 - 28 ga Mayu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne wanda ya wakilci Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a cikin Mayu 2000. Ya kasance tsohon shugaban kungiyar matasan Brigade ta IFP kuma ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar a lardin Gauteng . A cikin 1980s da 1990s, an yaba shi da fadada kasancewar IFP a fagen siyasa a cikin Transvaal . A lokacin mutuwarsa, Khoza yana jiran shari'a ne kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu wajen tada kayar baya da kuma tada rikicin siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan IFP da magoya bayan jam'iyyar ANC a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata . A hukumar gaskiya da sasantawa, jami’an tsaro na ‘yan sanda sun shaida cewa Khoza babban mutum ne mai karbar makamai da kuma rarraba makaman da gwamnati ta kawo, wadanda suka ce daga baya aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan kiyashi a Transvaal. == Rayuwa da farkon aiki == An haifi Khoza a ranar 17 ga Mayu 1959 <ref> name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> a Eshowe a Zululand a tsohuwar lardin Natal . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}</ref> Tsohon ma'aikacin banki, <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ya shiga Inkatha Youth Brigade a cikin 1975 <ref name=":0" /> kuma ya zama shugabanta a cikin 1980s. <ref name=":1" /> An bayyana shi a matsayin shugaban masu ra'ayin jama'a <ref> name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa bayanin martaba na Inkatha (daga baya IFP) a daidai lokacin da yawancin karfin ikonsa ya kasance a cikin KwaZulu bantustan . <ref name=":0" /> A cikin 1990, Khoza ya buɗe ofishin ƙungiya na farko na jam'iyyar a Transvaal, kuma a shekara ta gaba aka zabe shi a matsayin babban kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm "Khoza, Themba"]. ''The O'Malley Archives''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya jagoranci Inkatha a lokacin da ake fama da tashe-tashen hankula na siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan Inkatha da magoya bayan jam'iyyar adawa ta ANC. == Majalisa: 1994-2000 == A zaɓen farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994, an zaɓi Khoza don wakiltar IFP a sabuwar Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Duk da haka, kuma a cikin 1994, an kori Khoza daga shugabancin lardin na IFP a Gauteng (tsohon Transvaal), ya kasa samun nasarar sake tsayawa takara a wani kujera na yau da kullum a kwamitin gudanarwa na lardin. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=1996-03-29 |title=Shell House march goes off peacefully |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-03-29-shell-house-march-goes-off-peacefully/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1996, an ba da rahoton cewa ya shiga gwagwarmayar mulki tare da abokin hamayyarsa a Gauteng IFP, Musa Myeni. <ref name=":3" /> Daga baya Khoza ya koma tsohon ofishinsa a matsayin shugaban lardin IFP. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996-12-13 |title=Political conflict flares at Thokoza |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-12-13-political-conflict-flares-at-thokoza/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> Gabanin babban zaben na 1999, Khoza ya kasance shugaba tare da Mathole Motshekga na jam'iyyar ANC, na kwamitin hadin gwiwa na IFP-ANC da aka kafa a Gauteng domin sa ido da sassauta takun saka tsakanin jam'iyyun. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Old rivals may unite to rule Gauteng |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-old-rivals-may-unite-to-rule-gauteng/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An sake zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisa a wancan zabe kuma ya yi aiki a majalisar dokokin kasar har zuwa rasuwarsa, duk da cewa an kore shi daga aikinsa tun daga watan Afrilun 2000 zuwa gaba saboda rashin lafiya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Rikicin siyasa == A lokacin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2000, Khoza yana jiran shari'a kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu a rikicin siyasar IFP-ANC na karshen shekarun 1980 da farkon 1990, musamman a garuruwan Vaal da Gabashin Rand . Laifukan sun hada da tada zaune tsaye; bindiga ; da yunkurin kisan kai, dangane da mutuwar wasu mambobin ANC guda biyu a 1990. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Ko da yake ya dade yana da suna a matsayin "shugaban yaƙi" na IFP, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1" /> zarge-zargen da ake yi masa ya sami tabbaci a cikin shaidun da Hukumar Gaskiya da Sasantawa (TRC) ta tattara a tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1990s. === Ana zargin bindiga === A cikin Maris 1994, Hukumar Goldstone kan tashin hankalin siyasa ta bayyana Khoza yana cikin membobin IFP da ke da hannu wajen karba da rarraba makamai na gida wanda sashin Vlakplaas na Tsaro ya kawo, a wani bangare na tabbatar da ka'idar cewa wata jiha ce ta jawo tashin hankalin IFP-ANC. -haɗe da ƙarfi na uku . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1997-05-16 |title=Inkatha turns a blind eye to amnesty |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1997-05-16-inkatha-turns-a-blind-eye-to-amnesty/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Daga baya TRC ta kammala cewa alakar da ke tsakanin IFP da Vlakplaas ta samo asali ne a wani taron 1990 inda Khoza ya bukaci wani jami'in Vlakplaas da ya baiwa jam'iyyar makamai; Ma'aikatan Vlakplaas, ciki har da kwamanda Eugene de Kock, sun ba da shaida cewa sun ba da kayayyaki da dama na makamai, da suka hada da bama-bamai na gida da [[AK-47]] na hannun hannu, ga Khoza, wanda ake zargin ya rarraba su a tsakanin magoya bayan IFP a dakunan kwanan dalibai na ma'adinai a cikin gari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection8.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> De Kock ya kuma shaida cewa Khoza ma'aikacin Tsaro ne na Reshen Tsaro, <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 3, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume3/chapter6/subsection76.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> da kuma ma'aikacin Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Khoza ya musanta wadannan zarge-zargen. <ref name=":5" /> === kisan kiyashin Sebokeng === Wasu ma’aikatan Vlakplaas biyu sun ce sun ba wa Khoza bindigu da gurneti da aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan mutane 19 a gidan kwanan dalibai na Sebokeng a watan Satumbar 1990. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Boipatong: Uncovering the real conspiracy |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-boipatong-uncovering-the-real-conspiracy/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Haka kuma, wasu tsaffin ‘yan sanda uku sun nemi a yi musu afuwa saboda rawar da suka taka a wani rufa-rufa da aka yi wanda aka tabbatar da wanke Khoza daga zargin mallakar makamai bayan kisan kiyashin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 6, Section 4 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume6/section4/chapter3/subsection6.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> An kama Khoza da safe bayan kisan kiyashin bayan an same shi a wurin da makamai iri-iri a cikin boot din motarsa kirar Nissan Sentra (wanda de Kock ya yi ikirarin baiwa Khoza daga Ofishin Tsaro). <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ‘Yan sandan da lamarin ya shafa sun ce, bayan fahimtar da Khoza ke da muhimmanci a siyasance, sun yi amfani da bayanan shaidu da kuma bayanan bincike da kuma na bogi domin tabbatar da cewa Khoza da makaman ba za a alakanta su da kisan ba. <ref name=":7" /> <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-07-30 |title=No reconciliation possible without |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-07-30-no-reconciliation-possible-without/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sun kuma ce sun biya belin Khoza. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection9.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> === Kisan gillar Boipatong === Haka kuma Khoza ya kasance akai-akai, ko da yake ba shi da ma'ana, yana da alaƙa da tsarawa da shirya kisan gillar Boipatong na 1992, mafi muni a lokacin. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Daya daga cikin mutane 16 da aka samu da laifin aikata kisan ya shaidawa hukumar ta TRC cewa Khoza na da hannu wajen shirya harin da kuma aiwatar da harin, ciki har da samar da makaman da aka samu daga hannun ‘yan sanda. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ "Cracks in Boipatong story"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 22 January 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Wani kuma ya ce Khoza ya taimaka wajen boye kisan kiyashin bayan haka, inda ya umurci wadanda suka aikata laifin da su lalata kayayyakin da suka wawashe a Boipatong. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1998-07-17 |title=Boipatong won’t forgive killers |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-07-17-boipatong-wont-forgive-killers/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Shaidu sun danganta Khoza da wasu abubuwan da suka faru, ciki har da kisan shugaban ANC Sam Ntuli <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-12-13 |title=Khoza implicated in ANC killing |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-12-13-khoza-implicated-in-anc-killing/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> da kuma shirin kisan kiyashi na mutane 11 a Nqutu, KwaZulu a 1993. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ "Long history of third force allegations"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 20 October 1995<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A bayyane yake Khoza ya kasance babban jigo wajen tsara tattakin da IFP ta yi a watan Maris na 1994 kan Shell House, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marinovich |first=Greg |date=2014-03-27 |title=The Truth Elusive: Shell House massacre, 20 years later |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2014-03-28-the-truth-elusive-shell-house-massacre-20-years-later/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> wanda wasu ke ganin an yi niyya ne a matsayin wani mafari na kai hari kan shugabannin ANC; <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Shawarwari irin wannan ya sa Sakatare-Janar na ANC [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] ya yi zargin a majalisa cewa Khoza yana da wata hujja da zai ba da amsa game da kisan gillar da aka yi a gidan Shell : Ramaphosa ya ce, "Shi ne babban mai shirya wannan tattakin [a gidan Shell]. dole ne ya tashi a nan ya gaya wa al'umma gaba daya abin da ya yi a wannan rana". <ref>{{Cite web |date=1995-06-08 |title=Shell House: What they said in Parliament this week |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-06-09-shell-house-what-they-said-in-parliament-this-week/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2000, yana da shekaru 41, a asibiti a Benoni a wajen Johannesburg. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2000-06-02 |title=Themba Khoza; Leader of S. Africa's Inkatha Party |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-jun-02-me-36682-story.html |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Mutuwar tasa ta zo daidai da yadda cutar kanjamau ta yi kamari a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma an yi ta cece-kuce a tsakanin jama'a game da yanayin rashin lafiyarsa, saboda rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba na cewa tana da nasaba da cutar kanjamau. <ref name=":1" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced "Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies"]. ''AP News''. 1 June 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya auri Sonosini Khoza kuma yana da ‘ya’ya shida, maza hudu da mata biyu. <ref name=":4" /> == Duba kuma == * Tattaunawar kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 9cvb9c1p24cxwdgcr2uifbwq2477d8t 550438 550435 2024-12-02T11:55:56Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Rikicin siyasa */ 550438 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thembinkosi Samson Khoza''' (17 ga Mayu 1959 - 28 ga Mayu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne wanda ya wakilci Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a cikin Mayu 2000. Ya kasance tsohon shugaban kungiyar matasan Brigade ta IFP kuma ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar a lardin Gauteng . A cikin 1980s da 1990s, an yaba shi da fadada kasancewar IFP a fagen siyasa a cikin Transvaal . A lokacin mutuwarsa, Khoza yana jiran shari'a ne kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu wajen tada kayar baya da kuma tada rikicin siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan IFP da magoya bayan jam'iyyar ANC a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata . A hukumar gaskiya da sasantawa, jami’an tsaro na ‘yan sanda sun shaida cewa Khoza babban mutum ne mai karbar makamai da kuma rarraba makaman da gwamnati ta kawo, wadanda suka ce daga baya aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan kiyashi a Transvaal. == Rayuwa da farkon aiki == An haifi Khoza a ranar 17 ga Mayu 1959 <ref> name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> a Eshowe a Zululand a tsohuwar lardin Natal . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}</ref> Tsohon ma'aikacin banki, <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ya shiga Inkatha Youth Brigade a cikin 1975 <ref name=":0" /> kuma ya zama shugabanta a cikin 1980s. <ref name=":1" /> An bayyana shi a matsayin shugaban masu ra'ayin jama'a <ref> name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa bayanin martaba na Inkatha (daga baya IFP) a daidai lokacin da yawancin karfin ikonsa ya kasance a cikin KwaZulu bantustan . <ref name=":0" /> A cikin 1990, Khoza ya buɗe ofishin ƙungiya na farko na jam'iyyar a Transvaal, kuma a shekara ta gaba aka zabe shi a matsayin babban kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm "Khoza, Themba"]. ''The O'Malley Archives''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya jagoranci Inkatha a lokacin da ake fama da tashe-tashen hankula na siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan Inkatha da magoya bayan jam'iyyar adawa ta ANC. == Majalisa: 1994-2000 == A zaɓen farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994, an zaɓi Khoza don wakiltar IFP a sabuwar Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Duk da haka, kuma a cikin 1994, an kori Khoza daga shugabancin lardin na IFP a Gauteng (tsohon Transvaal), ya kasa samun nasarar sake tsayawa takara a wani kujera na yau da kullum a kwamitin gudanarwa na lardin. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=1996-03-29 |title=Shell House march goes off peacefully |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-03-29-shell-house-march-goes-off-peacefully/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1996, an ba da rahoton cewa ya shiga gwagwarmayar mulki tare da abokin hamayyarsa a Gauteng IFP, Musa Myeni. <ref name=":3" /> Daga baya Khoza ya koma tsohon ofishinsa a matsayin shugaban lardin IFP. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996-12-13 |title=Political conflict flares at Thokoza |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-12-13-political-conflict-flares-at-thokoza/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> Gabanin babban zaben na 1999, Khoza ya kasance shugaba tare da Mathole Motshekga na jam'iyyar ANC, na kwamitin hadin gwiwa na IFP-ANC da aka kafa a Gauteng domin sa ido da sassauta takun saka tsakanin jam'iyyun. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Old rivals may unite to rule Gauteng |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-old-rivals-may-unite-to-rule-gauteng/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An sake zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisa a wancan zabe kuma ya yi aiki a majalisar dokokin kasar har zuwa rasuwarsa, duk da cewa an kore shi daga aikinsa tun daga watan Afrilun 2000 zuwa gaba saboda rashin lafiya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Rikicin siyasa == A lokacin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2000, Khoza yana jiran shari'a kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu a rikicin siyasar IFP-ANC na karshen shekarun 1980 da farkon 1990, musamman a garuruwan Vaal da Gabashin Rand . Laifukan sun hada da tada zaune tsaye; bindiga ; da yunkurin kisan kai, dangane da mutuwar wasu mambobin ANC guda biyu a 1990. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref> name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Ko da yake ya dade yana da suna a matsayin "shugaban yaƙi" na IFP, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1" /> zarge-zargen da ake yi masa ya sami tabbaci a cikin shaidun da Hukumar Gaskiya da Sasantawa (TRC) ta tattara a tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1990s. === Ana zargin bindiga === A cikin Maris 1994, Hukumar Goldstone kan tashin hankalin siyasa ta bayyana Khoza yana cikin membobin IFP da ke da hannu wajen karba da rarraba makamai na gida wanda sashin Vlakplaas na Tsaro ya kawo, a wani bangare na tabbatar da ka'idar cewa wata jiha ce ta jawo tashin hankalin IFP-ANC. -haɗe da ƙarfi na uku . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1997-05-16 |title=Inkatha turns a blind eye to amnesty |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1997-05-16-inkatha-turns-a-blind-eye-to-amnesty/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Daga baya TRC ta kammala cewa alakar da ke tsakanin IFP da Vlakplaas ta samo asali ne a wani taron 1990 inda Khoza ya bukaci wani jami'in Vlakplaas da ya baiwa jam'iyyar makamai; Ma'aikatan Vlakplaas, ciki har da kwamanda Eugene de Kock, sun ba da shaida cewa sun ba da kayayyaki da dama na makamai, da suka hada da bama-bamai na gida da [[AK-47]] na hannun hannu, ga Khoza, wanda ake zargin ya rarraba su a tsakanin magoya bayan IFP a dakunan kwanan dalibai na ma'adinai a cikin gari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection8.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> De Kock ya kuma shaida cewa Khoza ma'aikacin Tsaro ne na Reshen Tsaro, <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 3, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume3/chapter6/subsection76.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> da kuma ma'aikacin Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Khoza ya musanta wadannan zarge-zargen. <ref name=":5" /> === kisan kiyashin Sebokeng === Wasu ma’aikatan Vlakplaas biyu sun ce sun ba wa Khoza bindigu da gurneti da aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan mutane 19 a gidan kwanan dalibai na Sebokeng a watan Satumbar 1990. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Boipatong: Uncovering the real conspiracy |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-boipatong-uncovering-the-real-conspiracy/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Haka kuma, wasu tsaffin ‘yan sanda uku sun nemi a yi musu afuwa saboda rawar da suka taka a wani rufa-rufa da aka yi wanda aka tabbatar da wanke Khoza daga zargin mallakar makamai bayan kisan kiyashin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 6, Section 4 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume6/section4/chapter3/subsection6.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> An kama Khoza da safe bayan kisan kiyashin bayan an same shi a wurin da makamai iri-iri a cikin boot din motarsa kirar Nissan Sentra (wanda de Kock ya yi ikirarin baiwa Khoza daga Ofishin Tsaro). <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ‘Yan sandan da lamarin ya shafa sun ce, bayan fahimtar da Khoza ke da muhimmanci a siyasance, sun yi amfani da bayanan shaidu da kuma bayanan bincike da kuma na bogi domin tabbatar da cewa Khoza da makaman ba za a alakanta su da kisan ba. <ref name=":7" /> <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-07-30 |title=No reconciliation possible without |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-07-30-no-reconciliation-possible-without/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sun kuma ce sun biya belin Khoza. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection9.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> === Kisan gillar Boipatong === Haka kuma Khoza ya kasance akai-akai, ko da yake ba shi da ma'ana, yana da alaƙa da tsarawa da shirya kisan gillar Boipatong na 1992, mafi muni a lokacin. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Daya daga cikin mutane 16 da aka samu da laifin aikata kisan ya shaidawa hukumar ta TRC cewa Khoza na da hannu wajen shirya harin da kuma aiwatar da harin, ciki har da samar da makaman da aka samu daga hannun ‘yan sanda. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ "Cracks in Boipatong story"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 22 January 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Wani kuma ya ce Khoza ya taimaka wajen boye kisan kiyashin bayan haka, inda ya umurci wadanda suka aikata laifin da su lalata kayayyakin da suka wawashe a Boipatong. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1998-07-17 |title=Boipatong won’t forgive killers |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-07-17-boipatong-wont-forgive-killers/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Shaidu sun danganta Khoza da wasu abubuwan da suka faru, ciki har da kisan shugaban ANC Sam Ntuli <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-12-13 |title=Khoza implicated in ANC killing |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-12-13-khoza-implicated-in-anc-killing/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> da kuma shirin kisan kiyashi na mutane 11 a Nqutu, KwaZulu a 1993. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ "Long history of third force allegations"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 20 October 1995<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A bayyane yake Khoza ya kasance babban jigo wajen tsara tattakin da IFP ta yi a watan Maris na 1994 kan Shell House, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marinovich |first=Greg |date=2014-03-27 |title=The Truth Elusive: Shell House massacre, 20 years later |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2014-03-28-the-truth-elusive-shell-house-massacre-20-years-later/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> wanda wasu ke ganin an yi niyya ne a matsayin wani mafari na kai hari kan shugabannin ANC; <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Shawarwari irin wannan ya sa Sakatare-Janar na ANC [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] ya yi zargin a majalisa cewa Khoza yana da wata hujja da zai ba da amsa game da kisan gillar da aka yi a gidan Shell : Ramaphosa ya ce, "Shi ne babban mai shirya wannan tattakin [a gidan Shell]. dole ne ya tashi a nan ya gaya wa al'umma gaba daya abin da ya yi a wannan rana". <ref>{{Cite web |date=1995-06-08 |title=Shell House: What they said in Parliament this week |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-06-09-shell-house-what-they-said-in-parliament-this-week/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2000, yana da shekaru 41, a asibiti a Benoni a wajen Johannesburg. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2000-06-02 |title=Themba Khoza; Leader of S. Africa's Inkatha Party |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-jun-02-me-36682-story.html |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Mutuwar tasa ta zo daidai da yadda cutar kanjamau ta yi kamari a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma an yi ta cece-kuce a tsakanin jama'a game da yanayin rashin lafiyarsa, saboda rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba na cewa tana da nasaba da cutar kanjamau. <ref name=":1" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced "Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies"]. ''AP News''. 1 June 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya auri Sonosini Khoza kuma yana da ‘ya’ya shida, maza hudu da mata biyu. <ref name=":4" /> == Duba kuma == * Tattaunawar kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3ztd7nsigr51ssifuiv22pct7u4fko8 550439 550438 2024-12-02T11:56:35Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* Ana zargin bindiga */ 550439 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thembinkosi Samson Khoza''' (17 ga Mayu 1959 - 28 ga Mayu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne wanda ya wakilci Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a cikin Mayu 2000. Ya kasance tsohon shugaban kungiyar matasan Brigade ta IFP kuma ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar a lardin Gauteng . A cikin 1980s da 1990s, an yaba shi da fadada kasancewar IFP a fagen siyasa a cikin Transvaal . A lokacin mutuwarsa, Khoza yana jiran shari'a ne kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu wajen tada kayar baya da kuma tada rikicin siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan IFP da magoya bayan jam'iyyar ANC a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata . A hukumar gaskiya da sasantawa, jami’an tsaro na ‘yan sanda sun shaida cewa Khoza babban mutum ne mai karbar makamai da kuma rarraba makaman da gwamnati ta kawo, wadanda suka ce daga baya aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan kiyashi a Transvaal. == Rayuwa da farkon aiki == An haifi Khoza a ranar 17 ga Mayu 1959 <ref> name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> a Eshowe a Zululand a tsohuwar lardin Natal . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}</ref> Tsohon ma'aikacin banki, <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ya shiga Inkatha Youth Brigade a cikin 1975 <ref name=":0" /> kuma ya zama shugabanta a cikin 1980s. <ref name=":1" /> An bayyana shi a matsayin shugaban masu ra'ayin jama'a <ref> name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa bayanin martaba na Inkatha (daga baya IFP) a daidai lokacin da yawancin karfin ikonsa ya kasance a cikin KwaZulu bantustan . <ref name=":0" /> A cikin 1990, Khoza ya buɗe ofishin ƙungiya na farko na jam'iyyar a Transvaal, kuma a shekara ta gaba aka zabe shi a matsayin babban kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm "Khoza, Themba"]. ''The O'Malley Archives''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya jagoranci Inkatha a lokacin da ake fama da tashe-tashen hankula na siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan Inkatha da magoya bayan jam'iyyar adawa ta ANC. == Majalisa: 1994-2000 == A zaɓen farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994, an zaɓi Khoza don wakiltar IFP a sabuwar Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Duk da haka, kuma a cikin 1994, an kori Khoza daga shugabancin lardin na IFP a Gauteng (tsohon Transvaal), ya kasa samun nasarar sake tsayawa takara a wani kujera na yau da kullum a kwamitin gudanarwa na lardin. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=1996-03-29 |title=Shell House march goes off peacefully |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-03-29-shell-house-march-goes-off-peacefully/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1996, an ba da rahoton cewa ya shiga gwagwarmayar mulki tare da abokin hamayyarsa a Gauteng IFP, Musa Myeni. <ref name=":3" /> Daga baya Khoza ya koma tsohon ofishinsa a matsayin shugaban lardin IFP. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996-12-13 |title=Political conflict flares at Thokoza |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-12-13-political-conflict-flares-at-thokoza/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> Gabanin babban zaben na 1999, Khoza ya kasance shugaba tare da Mathole Motshekga na jam'iyyar ANC, na kwamitin hadin gwiwa na IFP-ANC da aka kafa a Gauteng domin sa ido da sassauta takun saka tsakanin jam'iyyun. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Old rivals may unite to rule Gauteng |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-old-rivals-may-unite-to-rule-gauteng/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An sake zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisa a wancan zabe kuma ya yi aiki a majalisar dokokin kasar har zuwa rasuwarsa, duk da cewa an kore shi daga aikinsa tun daga watan Afrilun 2000 zuwa gaba saboda rashin lafiya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Rikicin siyasa == A lokacin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2000, Khoza yana jiran shari'a kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu a rikicin siyasar IFP-ANC na karshen shekarun 1980 da farkon 1990, musamman a garuruwan Vaal da Gabashin Rand . Laifukan sun hada da tada zaune tsaye; bindiga ; da yunkurin kisan kai, dangane da mutuwar wasu mambobin ANC guda biyu a 1990. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref> name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Ko da yake ya dade yana da suna a matsayin "shugaban yaƙi" na IFP, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1" /> zarge-zargen da ake yi masa ya sami tabbaci a cikin shaidun da Hukumar Gaskiya da Sasantawa (TRC) ta tattara a tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1990s. === Ana zargin bindiga === A cikin Maris 1994, Hukumar Goldstone kan tashin hankalin siyasa ta bayyana Khoza yana cikin membobin IFP da ke da hannu wajen karba da rarraba makamai na gida wanda sashin Vlakplaas na Tsaro ya kawo, a wani bangare na tabbatar da ka'idar cewa wata jiha ce ta jawo tashin hankalin IFP-ANC. -haɗe da ƙarfi na uku . <ref> name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1997-05-16 |title=Inkatha turns a blind eye to amnesty |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1997-05-16-inkatha-turns-a-blind-eye-to-amnesty/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Daga baya TRC ta kammala cewa alakar da ke tsakanin IFP da Vlakplaas ta samo asali ne a wani taron 1990 inda Khoza ya bukaci wani jami'in Vlakplaas da ya baiwa jam'iyyar makamai; Ma'aikatan Vlakplaas, ciki har da kwamanda Eugene de Kock, sun ba da shaida cewa sun ba da kayayyaki da dama na makamai, da suka hada da bama-bamai na gida da [[AK-47]] na hannun hannu, ga Khoza, wanda ake zargin ya rarraba su a tsakanin magoya bayan IFP a dakunan kwanan dalibai na ma'adinai a cikin gari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection8.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> De Kock ya kuma shaida cewa Khoza ma'aikacin Tsaro ne na Reshen Tsaro, <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 3, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume3/chapter6/subsection76.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> da kuma ma'aikacin Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Khoza ya musanta wadannan zarge-zargen. <ref name=":5" /> === kisan kiyashin Sebokeng === Wasu ma’aikatan Vlakplaas biyu sun ce sun ba wa Khoza bindigu da gurneti da aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan mutane 19 a gidan kwanan dalibai na Sebokeng a watan Satumbar 1990. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Boipatong: Uncovering the real conspiracy |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-boipatong-uncovering-the-real-conspiracy/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Haka kuma, wasu tsaffin ‘yan sanda uku sun nemi a yi musu afuwa saboda rawar da suka taka a wani rufa-rufa da aka yi wanda aka tabbatar da wanke Khoza daga zargin mallakar makamai bayan kisan kiyashin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 6, Section 4 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume6/section4/chapter3/subsection6.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> An kama Khoza da safe bayan kisan kiyashin bayan an same shi a wurin da makamai iri-iri a cikin boot din motarsa kirar Nissan Sentra (wanda de Kock ya yi ikirarin baiwa Khoza daga Ofishin Tsaro). <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ‘Yan sandan da lamarin ya shafa sun ce, bayan fahimtar da Khoza ke da muhimmanci a siyasance, sun yi amfani da bayanan shaidu da kuma bayanan bincike da kuma na bogi domin tabbatar da cewa Khoza da makaman ba za a alakanta su da kisan ba. <ref name=":7" /> <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-07-30 |title=No reconciliation possible without |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-07-30-no-reconciliation-possible-without/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sun kuma ce sun biya belin Khoza. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection9.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> === Kisan gillar Boipatong === Haka kuma Khoza ya kasance akai-akai, ko da yake ba shi da ma'ana, yana da alaƙa da tsarawa da shirya kisan gillar Boipatong na 1992, mafi muni a lokacin. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Daya daga cikin mutane 16 da aka samu da laifin aikata kisan ya shaidawa hukumar ta TRC cewa Khoza na da hannu wajen shirya harin da kuma aiwatar da harin, ciki har da samar da makaman da aka samu daga hannun ‘yan sanda. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ "Cracks in Boipatong story"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 22 January 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Wani kuma ya ce Khoza ya taimaka wajen boye kisan kiyashin bayan haka, inda ya umurci wadanda suka aikata laifin da su lalata kayayyakin da suka wawashe a Boipatong. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1998-07-17 |title=Boipatong won’t forgive killers |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-07-17-boipatong-wont-forgive-killers/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Shaidu sun danganta Khoza da wasu abubuwan da suka faru, ciki har da kisan shugaban ANC Sam Ntuli <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-12-13 |title=Khoza implicated in ANC killing |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-12-13-khoza-implicated-in-anc-killing/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> da kuma shirin kisan kiyashi na mutane 11 a Nqutu, KwaZulu a 1993. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ "Long history of third force allegations"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 20 October 1995<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A bayyane yake Khoza ya kasance babban jigo wajen tsara tattakin da IFP ta yi a watan Maris na 1994 kan Shell House, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marinovich |first=Greg |date=2014-03-27 |title=The Truth Elusive: Shell House massacre, 20 years later |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2014-03-28-the-truth-elusive-shell-house-massacre-20-years-later/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> wanda wasu ke ganin an yi niyya ne a matsayin wani mafari na kai hari kan shugabannin ANC; <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Shawarwari irin wannan ya sa Sakatare-Janar na ANC [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] ya yi zargin a majalisa cewa Khoza yana da wata hujja da zai ba da amsa game da kisan gillar da aka yi a gidan Shell : Ramaphosa ya ce, "Shi ne babban mai shirya wannan tattakin [a gidan Shell]. dole ne ya tashi a nan ya gaya wa al'umma gaba daya abin da ya yi a wannan rana". <ref>{{Cite web |date=1995-06-08 |title=Shell House: What they said in Parliament this week |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-06-09-shell-house-what-they-said-in-parliament-this-week/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2000, yana da shekaru 41, a asibiti a Benoni a wajen Johannesburg. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2000-06-02 |title=Themba Khoza; Leader of S. Africa's Inkatha Party |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-jun-02-me-36682-story.html |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Mutuwar tasa ta zo daidai da yadda cutar kanjamau ta yi kamari a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma an yi ta cece-kuce a tsakanin jama'a game da yanayin rashin lafiyarsa, saboda rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba na cewa tana da nasaba da cutar kanjamau. <ref name=":1" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced "Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies"]. ''AP News''. 1 June 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya auri Sonosini Khoza kuma yana da ‘ya’ya shida, maza hudu da mata biyu. <ref name=":4" /> == Duba kuma == * Tattaunawar kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] a779xmobzkmioxjh7ifhbnwpzor2btf 550441 550439 2024-12-02T11:57:17Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 /* kisan kiyashin Sebokeng */ 550441 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thembinkosi Samson Khoza''' (17 ga Mayu 1959 - 28 ga Mayu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne wanda ya wakilci Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a cikin Mayu 2000. Ya kasance tsohon shugaban kungiyar matasan Brigade ta IFP kuma ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar a lardin Gauteng . A cikin 1980s da 1990s, an yaba shi da fadada kasancewar IFP a fagen siyasa a cikin Transvaal . A lokacin mutuwarsa, Khoza yana jiran shari'a ne kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu wajen tada kayar baya da kuma tada rikicin siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan IFP da magoya bayan jam'iyyar ANC a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata . A hukumar gaskiya da sasantawa, jami’an tsaro na ‘yan sanda sun shaida cewa Khoza babban mutum ne mai karbar makamai da kuma rarraba makaman da gwamnati ta kawo, wadanda suka ce daga baya aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan kiyashi a Transvaal. == Rayuwa da farkon aiki == An haifi Khoza a ranar 17 ga Mayu 1959 <ref> name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> a Eshowe a Zululand a tsohuwar lardin Natal . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}</ref> Tsohon ma'aikacin banki, <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ya shiga Inkatha Youth Brigade a cikin 1975 <ref name=":0" /> kuma ya zama shugabanta a cikin 1980s. <ref name=":1" /> An bayyana shi a matsayin shugaban masu ra'ayin jama'a <ref> name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa bayanin martaba na Inkatha (daga baya IFP) a daidai lokacin da yawancin karfin ikonsa ya kasance a cikin KwaZulu bantustan . <ref name=":0" /> A cikin 1990, Khoza ya buɗe ofishin ƙungiya na farko na jam'iyyar a Transvaal, kuma a shekara ta gaba aka zabe shi a matsayin babban kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm "Khoza, Themba"]. ''The O'Malley Archives''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya jagoranci Inkatha a lokacin da ake fama da tashe-tashen hankula na siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan Inkatha da magoya bayan jam'iyyar adawa ta ANC. == Majalisa: 1994-2000 == A zaɓen farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994, an zaɓi Khoza don wakiltar IFP a sabuwar Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Duk da haka, kuma a cikin 1994, an kori Khoza daga shugabancin lardin na IFP a Gauteng (tsohon Transvaal), ya kasa samun nasarar sake tsayawa takara a wani kujera na yau da kullum a kwamitin gudanarwa na lardin. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=1996-03-29 |title=Shell House march goes off peacefully |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-03-29-shell-house-march-goes-off-peacefully/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1996, an ba da rahoton cewa ya shiga gwagwarmayar mulki tare da abokin hamayyarsa a Gauteng IFP, Musa Myeni. <ref name=":3" /> Daga baya Khoza ya koma tsohon ofishinsa a matsayin shugaban lardin IFP. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996-12-13 |title=Political conflict flares at Thokoza |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-12-13-political-conflict-flares-at-thokoza/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> Gabanin babban zaben na 1999, Khoza ya kasance shugaba tare da Mathole Motshekga na jam'iyyar ANC, na kwamitin hadin gwiwa na IFP-ANC da aka kafa a Gauteng domin sa ido da sassauta takun saka tsakanin jam'iyyun. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Old rivals may unite to rule Gauteng |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-old-rivals-may-unite-to-rule-gauteng/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An sake zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisa a wancan zabe kuma ya yi aiki a majalisar dokokin kasar har zuwa rasuwarsa, duk da cewa an kore shi daga aikinsa tun daga watan Afrilun 2000 zuwa gaba saboda rashin lafiya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Rikicin siyasa == A lokacin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2000, Khoza yana jiran shari'a kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu a rikicin siyasar IFP-ANC na karshen shekarun 1980 da farkon 1990, musamman a garuruwan Vaal da Gabashin Rand . Laifukan sun hada da tada zaune tsaye; bindiga ; da yunkurin kisan kai, dangane da mutuwar wasu mambobin ANC guda biyu a 1990. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref> name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Ko da yake ya dade yana da suna a matsayin "shugaban yaƙi" na IFP, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1" /> zarge-zargen da ake yi masa ya sami tabbaci a cikin shaidun da Hukumar Gaskiya da Sasantawa (TRC) ta tattara a tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1990s. === Ana zargin bindiga === A cikin Maris 1994, Hukumar Goldstone kan tashin hankalin siyasa ta bayyana Khoza yana cikin membobin IFP da ke da hannu wajen karba da rarraba makamai na gida wanda sashin Vlakplaas na Tsaro ya kawo, a wani bangare na tabbatar da ka'idar cewa wata jiha ce ta jawo tashin hankalin IFP-ANC. -haɗe da ƙarfi na uku . <ref> name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1997-05-16 |title=Inkatha turns a blind eye to amnesty |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1997-05-16-inkatha-turns-a-blind-eye-to-amnesty/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Daga baya TRC ta kammala cewa alakar da ke tsakanin IFP da Vlakplaas ta samo asali ne a wani taron 1990 inda Khoza ya bukaci wani jami'in Vlakplaas da ya baiwa jam'iyyar makamai; Ma'aikatan Vlakplaas, ciki har da kwamanda Eugene de Kock, sun ba da shaida cewa sun ba da kayayyaki da dama na makamai, da suka hada da bama-bamai na gida da [[AK-47]] na hannun hannu, ga Khoza, wanda ake zargin ya rarraba su a tsakanin magoya bayan IFP a dakunan kwanan dalibai na ma'adinai a cikin gari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection8.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> De Kock ya kuma shaida cewa Khoza ma'aikacin Tsaro ne na Reshen Tsaro, <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 3, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume3/chapter6/subsection76.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> da kuma ma'aikacin Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Khoza ya musanta wadannan zarge-zargen. <ref name=":5" /> === kisan kiyashin Sebokeng === Wasu ma’aikatan Vlakplaas biyu sun ce sun ba wa Khoza bindigu da gurneti da aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan mutane 19 a gidan kwanan dalibai na Sebokeng a watan Satumbar 1990. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Boipatong: Uncovering the real conspiracy |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-boipatong-uncovering-the-real-conspiracy/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Haka kuma, wasu tsaffin ‘yan sanda uku sun nemi a yi musu afuwa saboda rawar da suka taka a wani rufa-rufa da aka yi wanda aka tabbatar da wanke Khoza daga zargin mallakar makamai bayan kisan kiyashin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 6, Section 4 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume6/section4/chapter3/subsection6.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> An kama Khoza da safe bayan kisan kiyashin bayan an same shi a wurin da makamai iri-iri a cikin boot din motarsa kirar Nissan Sentra (wanda de Kock ya yi ikirarin baiwa Khoza daga Ofishin Tsaro). <ref> name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ‘Yan sandan da lamarin ya shafa sun ce, bayan fahimtar da Khoza ke da muhimmanci a siyasance, sun yi amfani da bayanan shaidu da kuma bayanan bincike da kuma na bogi domin tabbatar da cewa Khoza da makaman ba za a alakanta su da kisan ba. <ref name=":7" /> <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-07-30 |title=No reconciliation possible without |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-07-30-no-reconciliation-possible-without/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sun kuma ce sun biya belin Khoza. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection9.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> === Kisan gillar Boipatong === Haka kuma Khoza ya kasance akai-akai, ko da yake ba shi da ma'ana, yana da alaƙa da tsarawa da shirya kisan gillar Boipatong na 1992, mafi muni a lokacin. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Daya daga cikin mutane 16 da aka samu da laifin aikata kisan ya shaidawa hukumar ta TRC cewa Khoza na da hannu wajen shirya harin da kuma aiwatar da harin, ciki har da samar da makaman da aka samu daga hannun ‘yan sanda. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ "Cracks in Boipatong story"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 22 January 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Wani kuma ya ce Khoza ya taimaka wajen boye kisan kiyashin bayan haka, inda ya umurci wadanda suka aikata laifin da su lalata kayayyakin da suka wawashe a Boipatong. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1998-07-17 |title=Boipatong won’t forgive killers |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-07-17-boipatong-wont-forgive-killers/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Shaidu sun danganta Khoza da wasu abubuwan da suka faru, ciki har da kisan shugaban ANC Sam Ntuli <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-12-13 |title=Khoza implicated in ANC killing |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-12-13-khoza-implicated-in-anc-killing/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> da kuma shirin kisan kiyashi na mutane 11 a Nqutu, KwaZulu a 1993. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ "Long history of third force allegations"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 20 October 1995<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A bayyane yake Khoza ya kasance babban jigo wajen tsara tattakin da IFP ta yi a watan Maris na 1994 kan Shell House, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marinovich |first=Greg |date=2014-03-27 |title=The Truth Elusive: Shell House massacre, 20 years later |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2014-03-28-the-truth-elusive-shell-house-massacre-20-years-later/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> wanda wasu ke ganin an yi niyya ne a matsayin wani mafari na kai hari kan shugabannin ANC; <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Shawarwari irin wannan ya sa Sakatare-Janar na ANC [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] ya yi zargin a majalisa cewa Khoza yana da wata hujja da zai ba da amsa game da kisan gillar da aka yi a gidan Shell : Ramaphosa ya ce, "Shi ne babban mai shirya wannan tattakin [a gidan Shell]. dole ne ya tashi a nan ya gaya wa al'umma gaba daya abin da ya yi a wannan rana". <ref>{{Cite web |date=1995-06-08 |title=Shell House: What they said in Parliament this week |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-06-09-shell-house-what-they-said-in-parliament-this-week/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2000, yana da shekaru 41, a asibiti a Benoni a wajen Johannesburg. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2000-06-02 |title=Themba Khoza; Leader of S. Africa's Inkatha Party |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-jun-02-me-36682-story.html |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Mutuwar tasa ta zo daidai da yadda cutar kanjamau ta yi kamari a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma an yi ta cece-kuce a tsakanin jama'a game da yanayin rashin lafiyarsa, saboda rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba na cewa tana da nasaba da cutar kanjamau. <ref name=":1" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced "Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies"]. ''AP News''. 1 June 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya auri Sonosini Khoza kuma yana da ‘ya’ya shida, maza hudu da mata biyu. <ref name=":4" /> == Duba kuma == * Tattaunawar kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gj24x7ag4338o094cqhonp72qcdhe10 550442 550441 2024-12-02T11:58:09Z Ibrahim Sani Mustapha 15405 550442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Thembinkosi Samson Khoza''' an haife shi a ranar (17 ga Mayu 1959 - 28 ga Mayu 2000) ɗan siyasan Afirka ta Kudu ne wanda ya wakilci Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa daga 1994 har zuwa mutuwarsa a cikin Mayu 2000. Ya kasance tsohon shugaban kungiyar matasan Brigade ta IFP kuma ya kasance shugaban jam'iyyar a lardin Gauteng . A cikin 1980s da 1990s, an yaba shi da fadada kasancewar IFP a fagen siyasa a cikin Transvaal . A lokacin mutuwarsa, Khoza yana jiran shari'a ne kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu wajen tada kayar baya da kuma tada rikicin siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan IFP da magoya bayan jam'iyyar ANC a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata . A hukumar gaskiya da sasantawa, jami’an tsaro na ‘yan sanda sun shaida cewa Khoza babban mutum ne mai karbar makamai da kuma rarraba makaman da gwamnati ta kawo, wadanda suka ce daga baya aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan kiyashi a Transvaal. == Rayuwa da farkon aiki == An haifi Khoza a ranar 17 ga Mayu 1959 <ref> name=":02">{{Cite magazine|url-status=}}</ref> a Eshowe a Zululand a tsohuwar lardin Natal . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}</ref> Tsohon ma'aikacin banki, <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ya shiga Inkatha Youth Brigade a cikin 1975 <ref name=":0" /> kuma ya zama shugabanta a cikin 1980s. <ref name=":1" /> An bayyana shi a matsayin shugaban masu ra'ayin jama'a <ref> name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> kuma ya taimaka wajen kafa bayanin martaba na Inkatha (daga baya IFP) a daidai lokacin da yawancin karfin ikonsa ya kasance a cikin KwaZulu bantustan . <ref name=":0" /> A cikin 1990, Khoza ya buɗe ofishin ƙungiya na farko na jam'iyyar a Transvaal, kuma a shekara ta gaba aka zabe shi a matsayin babban kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Khoza, Themba |url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The O'Malley Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02537.htm "Khoza, Themba"]. ''The O'Malley Archives''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya jagoranci Inkatha a lokacin da ake fama da tashe-tashen hankula na siyasa tsakanin magoya bayan Inkatha da magoya bayan jam'iyyar adawa ta ANC. == Majalisa: 1994-2000 == A zaɓen farko na Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin wariyar launin fata a 1994, an zaɓi Khoza don wakiltar IFP a sabuwar Majalisar Dokokin ƙasar . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Duk da haka, kuma a cikin 1994, an kori Khoza daga shugabancin lardin na IFP a Gauteng (tsohon Transvaal), ya kasa samun nasarar sake tsayawa takara a wani kujera na yau da kullum a kwamitin gudanarwa na lardin. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=1996-03-29 |title=Shell House march goes off peacefully |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-03-29-shell-house-march-goes-off-peacefully/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1996, an ba da rahoton cewa ya shiga gwagwarmayar mulki tare da abokin hamayyarsa a Gauteng IFP, Musa Myeni. <ref name=":3" /> Daga baya Khoza ya koma tsohon ofishinsa a matsayin shugaban lardin IFP. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996-12-13 |title=Political conflict flares at Thokoza |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1996-12-13-political-conflict-flares-at-thokoza/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":1" /> Gabanin babban zaben na 1999, Khoza ya kasance shugaba tare da Mathole Motshekga na jam'iyyar ANC, na kwamitin hadin gwiwa na IFP-ANC da aka kafa a Gauteng domin sa ido da sassauta takun saka tsakanin jam'iyyun. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Old rivals may unite to rule Gauteng |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-old-rivals-may-unite-to-rule-gauteng/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> An sake zabe shi a matsayin dan majalisa a wancan zabe kuma ya yi aiki a majalisar dokokin kasar har zuwa rasuwarsa, duk da cewa an kore shi daga aikinsa tun daga watan Afrilun 2000 zuwa gaba saboda rashin lafiya. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> == Rikicin siyasa == A lokacin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2000, Khoza yana jiran shari'a kan tuhume-tuhume 19 da ake zarginsa da hannu a rikicin siyasar IFP-ANC na karshen shekarun 1980 da farkon 1990, musamman a garuruwan Vaal da Gabashin Rand . Laifukan sun hada da tada zaune tsaye; bindiga ; da yunkurin kisan kai, dangane da mutuwar wasu mambobin ANC guda biyu a 1990. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref> name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Ko da yake ya dade yana da suna a matsayin "shugaban yaƙi" na IFP, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1" /> zarge-zargen da ake yi masa ya sami tabbaci a cikin shaidun da Hukumar Gaskiya da Sasantawa (TRC) ta tattara a tsakiyar da ƙarshen 1990s. === Ana zargin bindiga === A cikin Maris 1994, Hukumar Goldstone kan tashin hankalin siyasa ta bayyana Khoza yana cikin membobin IFP da ke da hannu wajen karba da rarraba makamai na gida wanda sashin Vlakplaas na Tsaro ya kawo, a wani bangare na tabbatar da ka'idar cewa wata jiha ce ta jawo tashin hankalin IFP-ANC. -haɗe da ƙarfi na uku . <ref> name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1997-05-16 |title=Inkatha turns a blind eye to amnesty |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1997-05-16-inkatha-turns-a-blind-eye-to-amnesty/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Daga baya TRC ta kammala cewa alakar da ke tsakanin IFP da Vlakplaas ta samo asali ne a wani taron 1990 inda Khoza ya bukaci wani jami'in Vlakplaas da ya baiwa jam'iyyar makamai; Ma'aikatan Vlakplaas, ciki har da kwamanda Eugene de Kock, sun ba da shaida cewa sun ba da kayayyaki da dama na makamai, da suka hada da bama-bamai na gida da [[AK-47]] na hannun hannu, ga Khoza, wanda ake zargin ya rarraba su a tsakanin magoya bayan IFP a dakunan kwanan dalibai na ma'adinai a cikin gari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection8.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> De Kock ya kuma shaida cewa Khoza ma'aikacin Tsaro ne na Reshen Tsaro, <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 3, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume3/chapter6/subsection76.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> da kuma ma'aikacin Hukumar Leken Asiri ta Kasa . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Khoza ya musanta wadannan zarge-zargen. <ref name=":5" /> === kisan kiyashin Sebokeng === Wasu ma’aikatan Vlakplaas biyu sun ce sun ba wa Khoza bindigu da gurneti da aka yi amfani da su wajen kisan mutane 19 a gidan kwanan dalibai na Sebokeng a watan Satumbar 1990. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=1999-05-21 |title=Boipatong: Uncovering the real conspiracy |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-05-21-boipatong-uncovering-the-real-conspiracy/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Haka kuma, wasu tsaffin ‘yan sanda uku sun nemi a yi musu afuwa saboda rawar da suka taka a wani rufa-rufa da aka yi wanda aka tabbatar da wanke Khoza daga zargin mallakar makamai bayan kisan kiyashin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 6, Section 4 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume6/section4/chapter3/subsection6.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> An kama Khoza da safe bayan kisan kiyashin bayan an same shi a wurin da makamai iri-iri a cikin boot din motarsa kirar Nissan Sentra (wanda de Kock ya yi ikirarin baiwa Khoza daga Ofishin Tsaro). <ref> name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> ‘Yan sandan da lamarin ya shafa sun ce, bayan fahimtar da Khoza ke da muhimmanci a siyasance, sun yi amfani da bayanan shaidu da kuma bayanan bincike da kuma na bogi domin tabbatar da cewa Khoza da makaman ba za a alakanta su da kisan ba. <ref name=":7" /> <ref name=":6" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-07-30 |title=No reconciliation possible without |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-07-30-no-reconciliation-possible-without/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sun kuma ce sun biya belin Khoza. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TRC Final Report: Volume 2, Section 1 |url=https://sabctrc.saha.org.za/reports/volume2/chapter7/subsection9.htm?t=+khoza++e&tab=report |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Truth Commission Special Report}}</ref> === Kisan gillar Boipatong === Haka kuma Khoza ya kasance akai-akai, ko da yake ba shi da ma'ana, yana da alaƙa da tsarawa da shirya kisan gillar Boipatong na 1992, mafi muni a lokacin. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Daya daga cikin mutane 16 da aka samu da laifin aikata kisan ya shaidawa hukumar ta TRC cewa Khoza na da hannu wajen shirya harin da kuma aiwatar da harin, ciki har da samar da makaman da aka samu daga hannun ‘yan sanda. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-22 |title=Cracks in Boipatong story |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1999-01-22-cracks-in-boipatong-story/ "Cracks in Boipatong story"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 22 January 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Wani kuma ya ce Khoza ya taimaka wajen boye kisan kiyashin bayan haka, inda ya umurci wadanda suka aikata laifin da su lalata kayayyakin da suka wawashe a Boipatong. <ref>{{Cite web |date=1998-07-17 |title=Boipatong won’t forgive killers |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-07-17-boipatong-wont-forgive-killers/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Shaidu sun danganta Khoza da wasu abubuwan da suka faru, ciki har da kisan shugaban ANC Sam Ntuli <ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-12-13 |title=Khoza implicated in ANC killing |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1999-12-13-khoza-implicated-in-anc-killing/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> da kuma shirin kisan kiyashi na mutane 11 a Nqutu, KwaZulu a 1993. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=1995-10-20 |title=Long history of third force allegations |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/1995-10-20-long-history-of-third-force-allegations-20/ "Long history of third force allegations"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 20 October 1995<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> A bayyane yake Khoza ya kasance babban jigo wajen tsara tattakin da IFP ta yi a watan Maris na 1994 kan Shell House, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marinovich |first=Greg |date=2014-03-27 |title=The Truth Elusive: Shell House massacre, 20 years later |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2014-03-28-the-truth-elusive-shell-house-massacre-20-years-later/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref> wanda wasu ke ganin an yi niyya ne a matsayin wani mafari na kai hari kan shugabannin ANC; <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Powell |first=Ivor |date=2000-06-02 |title=Khoza takes his secrets to the grave |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPowell2000">Powell, Ivor (2 June 2000). [https://mg.co.za/article/2000-06-02-khoza-takes-his-secrets-to-the-grave/ "Khoza takes his secrets to the grave"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Shawarwari irin wannan ya sa Sakatare-Janar na ANC [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] ya yi zargin a majalisa cewa Khoza yana da wata hujja da zai ba da amsa game da kisan gillar da aka yi a gidan Shell : Ramaphosa ya ce, "Shi ne babban mai shirya wannan tattakin [a gidan Shell]. dole ne ya tashi a nan ya gaya wa al'umma gaba daya abin da ya yi a wannan rana". <ref>{{Cite web |date=1995-06-08 |title=Shell House: What they said in Parliament this week |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-06-09-shell-house-what-they-said-in-parliament-this-week/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa == Ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2000, yana da shekaru 41, a asibiti a Benoni a wajen Johannesburg. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2000-05-29 |title=Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://mg.co.za/article/2000-05-29-controversial-ifp-leader-themba-khoza-dies/ "Controversial IFP leader Themba Khoza dies"]. ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 May 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2000-06-02 |title=Themba Khoza; Leader of S. Africa's Inkatha Party |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-jun-02-me-36682-story.html |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Mutuwar tasa ta zo daidai da yadda cutar kanjamau ta yi kamari a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma an yi ta cece-kuce a tsakanin jama'a game da yanayin rashin lafiyarsa, saboda rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba na cewa tana da nasaba da cutar kanjamau. <ref name=":1" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2000 |title=No dull moment in Parliament |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/no-dull-moment-in-parliament-20001119 |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2000 |title=Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies |url=https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=AP News |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://apnews.com/article/58a0bb6a79db3597d0430e9817e79ced "Zula-Party Leader Themba Khoza Dies"]. ''AP News''. 1 June 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Ya auri Sonosini Khoza kuma yana da ‘ya’ya shida, maza hudu da mata biyu. <ref name=":4" /> == Duba kuma == * Tattaunawar kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 95oa9p3q6io4hx2aicm0yjd6pt9lk4h 0 88436 550437 2024-12-02T11:54:49Z Abusule dankofa 24259 Sabon shafi: {{databox}} 550437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} 1cuz34gp65axujgbyib7d5oqwb73c81 550440 550437 2024-12-02T11:56:42Z Abusule dankofa 24259 550440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Shannen Maria Doherty''' (Afrilu 12, 1971 - Yuli 13, 2024) yar wasan Amurka ce. bm3crrk62s2epkoszinzm6759l8b8bi