Hawaii

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    <title>Hawaii</title>
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      <text bytes="6378" sha1="ei0elc4mz1sia3q6j01spt1fckabk5c" xml:space="preserve">{{About|the U.S. state o Hawaii|the island for which it is named|Hawaii (island)}}
{{Coord|21|18|41|N|157|47|47|W|type:adm1st_scale:3000000_region:US-HI|display=title}}
{{Infobox U.S. state
|Name = Hawaii
|Fullname = State o Hawaii&lt;br&gt;{{small|{{native name|haw|Moku{{okina}}āina o Hawai{{okina}}i}}}}
|Othername = Moku{{okina}}āina o Hawai{{okina}}i
|Flag = Flag of Hawaii.svg
|Flaglink = [[Banner o Hawaii|Banner]]
|Seal = Seal of the State of Hawaii.svg
|Seallink = [[Seal o Hawaii|Seal]]
|Coat of Arms = Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Hawaii.svg
|Former = Territory o Hawaii
|Map = Hawaii in United States (zoom) (US50) (-grid).svg
|Nickname = The [[Aloha]] State (offeecial), Paradise o the Paceefic,&lt;ref name=&quot;The Bookmark Book&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url={{google books |plainurl=y|id=tYMxBX7jlkkC|page=81}} |title=The Bookmark Book |first1=Carolyn S |last1=Brodie |first2=Debra |last2=Goodrich |first3=Paula Kay |last3=Montgomery |location=Englewood, Colo. |publisher=Libraries Unlimited |year=1996 |oclc=34164045 |isbn=9781563083006 |accessdate=5 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Islands o Aloha
|Motto = [[Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono]]&lt;br /&gt;(&quot;The Life o the Laund is Perpetuatit in Richteousness&quot;)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5–9 (State motto)|author=Hawaii State Legislature|url=http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol01_Ch0001-0042F/HRS0005/HRS_0005-0009.htm|accessdate=9 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|StateAnthem = ''[[Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī|Hawai{{okina}}i Pono{{okina}}ī]]''&lt;br /&gt;(Hawai{{okina}}i's Ain True Sons)&lt;ref name=&quot;State Song&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5–10 (State song) |author=Hawaii State Legislature |url=http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol01_Ch0001-0042F/HRS0005/HRS_0005-0010.htm |accessdate=9 December 2013 }}{{dead link|date=September 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|MottoEnglish = The Life o the Laund is Perpetuatit in Richteousness
|Capital = [[Honolulu]]
|LargestCity = capital
|LargestMetro = [[Oahu|Oahu metropolitan aurie]]
|OfficialLang = [[Inglis leid|Inglis]], [[Hawaiian leid|Hawaiian]]
|Demonym = Hawaiian{{efn|Local uisage generally reserves ''Hawaiian'' as an [[ethnonym]] referrin tae [[Hamespun Hawaiians]]. ''Hawaii resident'' is the preferred local form tae refer tae state residents in general regairdless o ethnicity. ''Hawaii'' mey an aa be uised adjectivally. The ''[[Associated Press Stylebook]]'', 42nt ed. (2007), an aa prescribes this uisage (p. 112).}}
|Governor = [[David Ige]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])
|Lieutenant Governor = [[Shan Tsutsui]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])
|Legislature = [[Hawaii State Legislature|State Legislature]]
|Upperhouse = [[Hawaii Senate|Senate]]
|Lowerhouse = [[Hawaii Hoose o Representatives|Hoose o Representatives]]
|Senators = [[Brian Schatz]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])&lt;br /&gt;[[Mazie Hirono]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])
|Representative = [[Hawaii's 1st congressional destrict|1]]: [[Colleen Hanabusa]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])&lt;br /&gt;[[Hawaii's 2nt congressional destrict|2]]: [[Tulsi Gabbard]] (D)
|PostalAbbreviation = HI
|AreaRank = {{ordinal|43}}
|TotalAreaUS = 10,931
|TotalArea = 28,311
|LandAreaUS = 6,423
|LandArea = 16,638
|WaterAreaUS = 4,507
|WaterArea = 11,672
|PCWater = 41.2
|PopRank = {{ordinal|40}}
|2010Pop = 1,431,603 (2015 est)&lt;ref name=&quot;PopEstUS&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2015/tables/NST-EST2015-01.csv|format=CSV|title=Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015|date=26 December 2015|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=26 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|DensityRank = {{ordinal|13}}
|2000Density = 82.6
|2000DensityUS = 214
|MedianHouseholdIncome = $64,514&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0|work=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|accessdate=9 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|IncomeRank = 12th
|AdmittanceOrder = {{ordinal|50}}
|AdmittanceDate = 21 August 1959
|TimeZone = [[Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone|Hawaii]]: [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]] [[Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time|−10]]&lt;br /&gt;(na [[daylicht savin time|DST]])
|Longitude = 154° 48′ W tae 178° 22′ W
|Latitude = 18° 55′ N tae 28° 27′ N
|LengthUS = 1,522
|WidthUS = n/a
|Width = n/a
|Length = 2,450
|HighestPoint = [[Mauna Kea]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite ngs|id=TU2314|designation=Summit USGS 1977|accessdate=20 October 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=USGS&gt;{{cite web|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=2001 |accessdate=21 October 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archivedate=15 October 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NAVD88&gt;Elevation adjuistit tae [[North American Vertical Datum o 1988]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;The summit o [[Mauna Kea]] is the heichest pynt in [[Oceania]]. Mauna Kea is an aa the tawest moontain on Yird when measured frae base tae summit. The [[shield volcano]] sits on the fluir o the Paceefic Ocean at a depth o {{convert|5998|m|ft|0|sp=us}} for a tot hicht o {{convert|10205.3|m|ft|0|sp=us}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|HighestElevUS = 13,796
|HighestElev = 4205.0
|MeanElevUS = 3,030
|MeanElev = 920
|LowestPoint = [[Paceefic Ocean]]&lt;ref name=USGS/&gt;
|LowestElevUS = 0
|LowestElev = 0
|ISOCode = US-HI
|Website = www.hawaii.gov
}}
'''Hawaii''' ({{lang-haw|Hawaiʻi|italic=no}}) is the airchipelago o the Hawaiian Islands in the [[Paceefic Ocean]]. Acceptit on 21 August 1959, Hawaii constitutes the 50t state o the [[Unitit States]]. As o the 2010 U.S. Census it haes 1.4 million indwallers. [[Honolulu]] is the lairgest ceety an the state caipital. It was an independent kinrick frae [[1819]] tae [[1893]].

==Notes==
&lt;references group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;/&gt;

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Commonscat}}

{{Unitit States poleetical diveesions}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Hawaii| ]]
[[Category:Geografie o Polynesie]]
[[Category:Polynesie]]
[[Category:States an territories established in 1959]]
[[Category:States o the Unitit States]]
[[Category:Wastren Unitit States]]
[[Category:1959 establishments in the Unitit States]]

{{Stub/USA}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Istanbul</title>
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      <text bytes="10186" sha1="ls34ipl08lwcaj4vu04z8yv4r6lfmj9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement &lt;!--for more fields see Template:Infobox settlement--&gt;
|name                         = Istanbul
|native_name                  = İstanbul
|native_name_lang             =
|official_name                = İstanbul
|settlement_type              = Ceety
| image_skyline=Istanbul collage 5j.jpg
| image_caption=Clockwise frae tap: View o [[Gowden Horn]] atween [[Galata]] an [[Sarayburnu|Seraglio Pynt]] includin the [[Historic Auries o Istanbul|historic auries]]; [[Maiden's Touer]]; a [[Istanbul nostalgic tramways|nostalgic tram]] on [[İstiklal Avenue]]; [[Levent]] business destrict wi [[Dolmabahçe Palace]]; [[Ortaköy Mosque]] in front o the [[Bosphorus Brig]]; an [[Hagia Sophia]].
|image_blank_emblem           =
|blank_emblem_type            = Logo
|blank_emblem_size            = 100
|pushpin_map                  = Turkey
|pushpin_map_caption          = Location in Turkey
|pushpin_mapsize              = 300
|coordinates                  = {{coord|41|01|N|28|58|E|region:TR|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type             = Kintra
|subdivision_name             = [[Turkey]]
|subdivision_type1            = [[Leet o regions o Turkey|Region]]
|subdivision_name1            = [[Marmara Region|Marmara]]
|subdivision_type2            = [[Provinces o Turkey|Province]]
|subdivision_name2            = [[Istanbul Province|Istanbul]]
|leader_party                 = [[CHP]]
|leader_title                 = Mayor
|leader_name                  = [[Ekrem İmamoğlu]]
|established_title            = Established
|established_date             =
|established_title1           = &amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;[[Byzantium]]
|established_date1            = c. 660 BC
|established_title2           = &amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;&lt;small&gt;[[Constantinople]]&lt;/small&gt;
|established_date2            = 330 AD
|established_title3           = &amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;Istanbul
|established_date3            = 1453 ([[Ottoman Turkis leid|Ottoman Turkis]])&lt;br /&gt;1923 ([[Turkis leid|Modren Turkis]])&lt;br /&gt;1930 (internaitionally)
|parts_type                   = Destricts
|parts                        = 39
|area_metro_km2               = 5343
|area_metro_mi2               = 2063
|area_metro_footnotes         = 
| population_metro=14,377,019
| population_urban=14,100,000
| population_total=14,025,646
| population_as_of=December 31, 2014
| population_footnotes=&lt;ref name=citypolution.de&gt;{{cite web|title=Tukey:Provinces and Major Cities|quote=The population of the Turkish cities and provinces according to census results and latest register-based tabulations|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Turkey-C20.html|website=www.citytpopulation.de|publisher=Citypopulation|date=31 December 2014|accessdate=26 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=All urban agglomerations of the world with a population of 1 million inhabitants or more|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html|website=www.citypopulation.de|publisher=Citypopulation|date=1 April 2015|accessdate=26 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Population of Turkey&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/HbGetirHTML.do?id=18616|publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]]|title=The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2014|date=31 December 2014|accessdate=29 January 2015}}{{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_rank=[[Leet o ceeties in Turkey|1st]]
| population_density_km2=12029 - 7664
| population_density_metro_km2=2691
|timezone                     = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset                   = +2
|timezone_DST                 = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST               = +3
|postal_code_type             = [[Postal code]]
|postal_code                  = 34000 tae 34850
|area_code                    = (+90) 212 (European side) &lt;br /&gt; (+90) 216 (Asian side)
|website                      = {{URL|http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Pages/Home.aspx|Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality}}
}}
'''Istanbul''' ({{lang-tr|İstanbul}} {{IPA-tr|isˈtɑnbuɫ||Istanbul pronunciation.ogg}}), historically kent as '''Constantinople''' an '''Byzantium''', is the maist populous ceety in [[Turkey]] an the kintra's economic, cultural, an historic centre. Istanbul is a transcontinental ceety in [[Eurasie]], straddlin the [[Bosphorus]] [[strait]] (which separates [[Europe]] an [[Asie]]) atween the [[Sea o Marmara]] an the [[Black Sea]]. Its commercial an historical centre lies on the [[continental Europe|European side]] an aboot a third o its population leeves on the [[Anatolie|Asie side]].&lt;ref name=&quot;wctr281&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WCTR Society; Unʼyu Seisaku Kenkyū Kikō|2004|p=281}}&lt;/ref&gt;
The ceety is the admeenistrative centre o the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality ([[wikt:conterminous|coterminous]] wi [[Istanbul Province]]), baith hostin a population o aroond 14.7 million residents.&lt;ref name=citypolution.de/&gt; Istanbul is ane o the [[warld's lairgest ceeties|warld's maist populous ceeties]] an ranks as the warld's 7t-[[Leet o ceeties proper bi population|lairgest ceety proper]] an the [[leet o European ceeties bi population|lairgest European ceety]].

Foondit unner the name o ''[[Byzantium|Byzantion]]'' (Βυζάντιον) on the [[Sarayburnu]] promontory aroond 660 BCE, the ceety developed tae acome ane o the maist signeeficant in history. Efter its reestablishment as ''[[Constantinople]]'' in 330 CE, it served as an imperial caipital for awmaist 16 centuries, during the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] an [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] (330–1204 an 1261–1453), the [[Laitin Empire|Laitin]] (1204–1261), an the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] (1453–1922) [[empire]]s.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Çelik|1993|p=xv}}&lt;/ref&gt; It wis instrumental in the advancement o [[Christianity]] during Roman an Byzantine times, afore the Ottomans [[faw o Constantinople|conquered the ceety]] in 1453 an transformed it intae an Islamic stranghauld an the seat o the [[Ottoman Caliphate]].&lt;ref name=&quot;maag1145&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Masters|Ágoston|2009|pp=114–5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Istanbul's strategic poseetion on the historic [[Silk Road]],&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Dumper|Stanley|2007|p=320}}&lt;/ref&gt; rail networks tae Europe an the Middle East, an the anerly sea route atween the Black Sea an the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] hae produced a cosmopolitan populace, awtho less sae syne the establishment o the Turkis Republic in 1923. Owerleuked for the new caipital [[Ankara]] during the [[interwar period]], the ceety haes syne regained much o its prominence. The population o the ceety haes increased tenfauld syne the 1950s, as migrants frae across [[Anatolie]] hae muived in an ceety leemits hae expandit tae accommodate them.&lt;ref name=&quot;tu224&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turan|2010|p=224}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ecoc-popdem&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ibb.gov.tr/sites/ks/en-US/0-Exploring-The-City/Location/Pages/PopulationandDemographicStructure.aspx|publisher=Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality|title=Population and Demographic Structure|year=2008|accessdate=27 March 2012|work=Istanbul 2010: European Capital of Culture|archive-date=2011-07-23|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/60OxMjvOU?url=http://www.ibb.gov.tr/sites/ks/en-US/0-Exploring-The-City/Location/Pages/PopulationandDemographicStructure.aspx|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Airts, muisic, film, an cultural festivals war established at the end o the 20t century an continue tae be hostit bi the ceety the day. Infrastructur impruivements hae produced a complex transportation network.

Approximately {{nowrap|12.56 million}} foreign veesitors arrived in Istanbul in 2015, five year efter it wis named a [[European Caipital o Cultur]], makkin the ceety the warld's fift maist popular tourist destination.&lt;ref name=Mastercard&gt;{{cite web |url=http://newsroom.mastercard.com/press-releases/london-retains-crown-in-2015-mastercard-global-destinations-cities-index/ |title=MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index |access-date=2017-04-13 |archive-date=2016-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405050844/http://newsroom.mastercard.com/press-releases/london-retains-crown-in-2015-mastercard-global-destinations-cities-index/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The ceety's biggest attraction is its historic centre, pairtially leetit as a UNESCO [[Warld Heritage Steid]], an its cultural an enterteenment hub can be foond athort the ceety's naitural harbor, the [[Gowden Horn]], in the [[Beyoğlu]] destrict. Considered a [[global ceety]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010.html|title=The World According to GaWC 2010|work=Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Study Group and Network|publisher=Loughborough University|accessdate=8 May 2012|archive-date=2011-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924125643/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Istanbul haes ane o the fastest-growin metropolitan economies in the warld.&lt;ref name=&quot;Berube&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/the-avenue/posts/2010/12/01-global-monitor-berube |title=Global Growth on the Orient Express |last1=Berube |first1=Alan|date=1 December 2010 |work= |publisher=Brookings Institution blog &quot;The Avenue&quot;|accessdate=14 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; It hosts the heidquarters o mony Turkis companies an media ootlets an accoonts for mair nor a quarter o the kintra's [[gross domestic product]].&lt;ref name=&quot;oecd&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url=http://www.oecdbookshop.org/get-it.php?REF=5KZSL2MLL49Q&amp;TYPE=browse |title=OECD Territorial Reviews: Istanbul, Turkey |publisher=The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |date=March 2008 |work=Policy Briefs |isbn=978-92-64-04383-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hopin tae caipitalise on its revitalisation an rapid expansion, Istanbul haes bid for the [[Simmer Olympic Gemmes|Simmer Olympics]] five times in twinty years.&lt;ref name=&quot;olympic.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-selects-three-cities-as-candidates-for-the-2020-olympic-games/166288 |publisher=The International Olympic Committee |title=IOC selects three cities as Candidates for the 2020 Olympic Games |date=24 May 2012 |accessdate=18 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==

=== Footnotes ===
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{Commonscat}}

[[Category:Ceeties in Turkey]]
[[Category:Istanbul]]


{{Stub/Turkey}}
{{Stub/Ceety}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Chicago</title>
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      <text bytes="16302" sha1="9kk46fm64iafdi516bzoqyap4jmhbtd" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Chicago
| settlement_type                 = [[Ceety]]
| nickname                        = [[Origin o the name &quot;Windy Ceety&quot;|The Windy Ceety]], The Seicond Ceety, Chi-Toun, Chi-Ceety, Hog Butcher for the Warld, The Ceety That Wirks, an ithers foond at [[Leet o nicknames for Chicago]]
| motto                           = {{lang-la|Urbs in Horto}} (''Ceety in a Garden''), Mak Big Plans (Mak Na Smaa Plans), I Will
| founder                         = 
| named_for                       = {{lang-mia|shikaakwa}}&lt;br /&gt; (&quot;Wild ingan&quot;)
| wabsteid                        = [http://www.cityofchicago.org/ cityofchicago.org]
| image_skyline                   = Chicago montage1.jpg
| image_caption                   = Clockwise frae tap: [[Dountoun Chicago]], the [[Chicago Theatre]], the [[Chicago 'L']], [[Navy Pier]], [[Millennium Pairk]], the [[Field Museum]], an the [[Willis Touer]].
| image_flag                      = Flag of Chicago, Illinois.svg
| image_seal                      = Seal of Chicago, Illinois.svg
| image_map                       = US-IL-Chicago.png
| map_caption                     = Location in the [[Chicago metropolitan aurie]] an Illinois
| pushpin_map                     = USA
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location in the Unitit States
| unit_pref                       = Imperial
| subdivision_type                = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_type1               = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[Leet o coonties in Illinois|Coonties]]
| subdivision_name                = {{flag|Unitit States}}
| subdivision_name1               = [[Illinois]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Cook Coonty, Illinois|Cook]], [[DuPage Coonty, Illinois|DuPage]]
| government_type                 = [[Mayor–cooncil govrenment|Mayor–cooncil]]
| leader_title                    = [[Mayor o Chicago|Mayor]]
| leader_name                     = [[Lori Lightfoot]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])
| leader_title1                   = [[Chicago Ceety Cooncil|Ceety Cooncil]]
| area_magnitude                  = 1 E+8
| area_total_sq_mi                = 234.0
| area_total_km2                  = 606.1
| area_land_sq_mi                 = 227.2
| area_land_km2                   = 
| area_water_sq_mi                = 6.9
| area_water_km2                  = 
| area_water_percent              = 3.0
| area_urban_km2                  = 
| area_urban_sq_mi                = 2122.8
| area_metro_km2                  = 
| area_metro_sq_mi                = 10874
| population_as_of                = 2011 Estimate
| population_total                = 2,707,120
| population_rank                 = [[Leet o Unitit States ceeties bi population|3rd US]]
| population_note                 = 
| population_footnotes            = &lt;ref name=&quot;population1&quot;&gt;{{cite web
| url=http://2010.census.gov/news/releases/operations/cb11-cn31.html
| title=U.S. Census Bureau Delivers Illinois' 2010 Census Population Totals, Includin First Look at Race an Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting
| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau
| accessdate=Februar 20, 2011
| archive-date=2011-02-19
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110219012241/http://2010.census.gov/news/releases/operations/cb11-cn31.html
| url-status=dead
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;metro&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-01.pdf|title=Population Change for the Ten Most Populous and Fastest Growing Metropolitan Statiscal Areas: 2000 to 2010|date=March 2011|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]] | page=6|accessdate=April 12, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_urban                = 8711000
| population_metro                = 9461105
| population_density_sq_mi        = 11864.4
| population_density_km2          = 4447.4
| population_demonym              = Chicagoan
| timezone                        = [[Central Staundart Time|CST]]
| utc_offset                      = −06:00
| timezone_DST                    = [[Central Daylicht Time|CDT]]
| utc_offset_DST                  = −05:00
| area_code                       = [[Aurie code 312|312]], [[Aurie code 773|773]], [[Aurie code 872|872]]
| elevation_m                     = 
| elevation_ft                    = 597
| coordinates                     = {{coord|41|52|55|N|87|37|40|W|region:US-IL|display=inline,title}}
| established_title               = Settled
| established_date                = 1770s
| established_title2              = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date2               = Mairch 4, 1837
| footnotes                       = &lt;ref name=&quot;gnis&quot;&gt;{{gnis|428803|Ceety o Chicago}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Chicago''' is the mucklest ceety in the [[Unitit States|US]] state o [[Illinois]]. Wi ower 2.8 million indwallers, it is the third mucklest ceety in the [[Unitit States]]. Locatit on the soothwastren shore o [[Loch Michigan]], Chicago is the third-maist densely populatit major ceety in the US,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.demographia.com/db-2000city50kdens.htm |title=2000 Census: US Municipalities Over 50,000: Ranked by 2000 Density |publisher=Demographia |accessdate=2009-06-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; an centur o the warld's 26t mucklest metropolitan aurie,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Demographia World Urban Areas &amp; Population Projections | url=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|pages=35, 91 | work= | publisher= Demographia| format= PDF| date= April 2009 | accessdate=2009-04-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; wi ower 9.5 million indwallers in three states.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.census.gov/popest/metro/CBSA-est2007-annual.html| title = Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 (CBSA-EST2007-01) | work = 2007 Population Estimates | publisher = [[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division | date = 2007 | accessdate = 2009-01-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;MSARanks&quot;&gt;{{cite wab
 |title=Population in Metropolitan an Micropolitan Statistical Areas Ranked bi 2000 Population for the United States an Puerto Rico|date=December 30, 2003|url= http://www.census.gov/population/cen2000/phc-t29/tab03a.csv|format=CSV|accessdate=2008-10-09|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Chicago is the [[coonty seat]] o [[Cook Coonty, Illinois|Cook Coonty]], the seicont mucklest coonty in the Unitit States bi population.

Chicago wis foondit in&amp;nbsp;1833, near a [[Chicago Portage|portage]] atween the [[Great Lochs]] an the [[Mississippi watershed|Mississippi River wattershed]]. The day, the ceety retains its status as a major hub for industry, telecommunications an infrastructure, wi O'Hare Internaitional Airport bein the [[Warld's busiest airports bi traffic movements|seicont busiest airport]] in the warld. {{As of|2008|alt=In 2008}}, the ceety hostit 45.6&amp;nbsp;million domestic an owerseas visitors.&lt;ref name=&quot;visitors&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=2008 Visitor Volume Economic Impact|url=http://www.choosechicago.com/media/statistics/visitor_impact/Pages/default.aspx|publisher=Chicago Convention and Tourism Bureau|year=2010|accessdate=2010-05-07|archive-date=2011-04-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429063820/http://www.choosechicago.com/media/statistics/visitor_impact/Pages/default.aspx|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; As o 2010, Chicago's metropolitan aurie haes the 4t mucklest [[Gross Domestic Product]] (GDP) o aw metropolitan auries in the warld.&lt;ref name=&quot;foreignpolicy1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/node/373401 |title=Global Cities 2010: The Rankings |publisher=Foreign Policy |date= |accessdate=2010-11-06 |archive-date=2012-02-02 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/659S16ErP?url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/node/373401 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The ceety is a centre for business an finance an is leetit as ane o the warld's tap ten [[Global Financial Centres Index|Global Financial Centers]].  The Warld Cities Study Group at [[Loughborough University]] ratit Chicago as an &quot;[[global ceety|alpha warld ceety]]&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Alpha City Report&quot;&gt;{{cite web| title= Measuring the World City Network: New Developments and Results| author= P.J. Taylor et al| url= http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb300.html| at= see Table 1| work= Research On Relations Between World Cities| publisher= Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Research Network| year= 2009| accessdate= 2009-04-18| archive-date= 2018-09-29| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180929065954/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb300.html| url-status= dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In a 2010 survey collaboration atween [[Foreign Policy]] an A.T Kearney rankin ceeties, Chicago ranked 6t juist efter Paris an Hong Kong.&lt;ref name=&quot;foreignpolicy1&quot;/&gt; The rankin assesses five dimensions: value o caipital mercats, diversity o human caipital, internaitional information resoorces, internaitional cultural resoorces, an poleetical influence. Chicago haes been ranked bi [[Forbes]] as the warld's 5t maist economically pouerful ceety.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080804221400/http://www.forbes.com/2008/07/15/economic-growth-gdp-biz-cx_jz_0715powercities_slide_6.html?thisSpeed=15000 In Pictures: World's Most Economically Powerful Cities - Forbes.com&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt; Chicago is a stranghauld o the [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic Pairty]] an haes been hame tae mony influential politeecians, includin, [[Barack Obama]].

The ceety's notoriety is expressed in popular cultur is foond in novels, plays, movies, sangs, various types o journals (e.g., sports, entertainment, business, tred, an academic), an the news media. Chicago haes numerous nicknames, which reflect the impressions an opinions aboot historical an contemporary Chicago. The best kent include: &quot;[[Chi-toun]],&quot; [[Oreegin o the name &quot;Windy Ceety&quot;|&quot;Windy Ceety,&quot;]] &quot;Seicont Ceety,&quot; an the &quot;Ceety o Big Shoulders.&quot;. Chicago haes an aa been cried &quot;the maist American o big ceeties&quot;.

==Cultur==
Chicago haes a very well-kent [[cultur]]. Some o the mony things Chicago is famous for are: Chicago-style [[het dug]]s, Chicago-style (deep dish) pizza, Maxwell Street Pols Sausage, [[jazz]] muisic, an [[1920s]] [[gangster]]s lik [[Al Capone]]. Chicago is an aa kent for interestin [[airchitectur]] lik the [[Willis Touer|Sears Touer]], mony museums, an mony [[lyalty|lyal]] sports fans.

For mony years, the Sears Touer wis the tawest touer in the warld. It is still the seicont tawest biggin in the Unitit States.

Chicago is home tae the mucklest population o Poles in the warld, ootside o [[Warsaw]]. Historic [[U.S. Route 66]] stairts in Chicago bi [[Grant Park]] in front o the [[Art Institute of Chicago]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.theroadwanderer.net/66Illinois/chicago.htm Begin (or End?) Route 66 in Chicago] at Theroadwanderer.net&lt;/ref&gt;

==Economy==
Chicago is a major warld financial centre, wi the [[Chicago Loop|seicont lairgest central business destrict]] in the Unitit States.&lt;ref name=&quot;cbd rankings&quot;&gt;{{cite web| format=PDF | url=http://www.demographia.com/db-cbd2000.pdf | publisher=demographia | accessdate=August 7, 2009 | title=50 Largest Urban Areas: 2000 Data on Employment &amp; Transit Work Trips}}&lt;/ref&gt; The ceety is the heidquarters o the Federal Reserve Bank o Chicago (the Seivent Destrict o the Federal Reserve). The ceety is an aa home tae major financial an futurs exchynges. [[Chase Bank]] haes its commercial an retail bankin heidquarters in Chicago's [[Chase Touer (Chicago)|Chase Touer]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.jpmorganchase.com/corporate/About-JPMC/jpmorgan-history.htm |title=JPMorgan History &amp;#124; The History of Our Firm |publisher=Jpmorganchase.com |accessdate=November 6, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Museums==
Thare are mony museums in Chicago. Thir include:&lt;br&gt;'''Adler Planetarium''' - biggit in 1930, it is the auldest [[planetarium]] in the warld&lt;br&gt;'''Airt Institute o Chicago''' - haes a muckle collection o American an [[Impressionist]] airt&lt;br&gt;'''Field Museum o Naitural History''' - haes ''Sue'', the mucklest an maist complete ''[[Tyrannosaurus]]'' [[fossil]] kent&lt;br&gt;'''Museum o Science an Industry''' - haes mony [[exhibit]]s includin a real [[Boeing 727]] jet plane which wis gien tae the museum bi [[United Airlines]]&lt;br&gt;'''Pols Museum o Americae''' - Museum hauntit bi famous [[piano]] player Ignace Paderewski, haes muckle collection o [[Poland|Pols]] airt in the biggest Pols [[ceety]] ootside o [[Poland]]&lt;br&gt;'''Shedd Aquarium''' - at ane time the warld's mucklest [[aquarium]]. Has 19 million liters (5 million gallons) o watter an 22,000 fish

==Fowk frae Chicago==
Some famous fowk who livit in or are frae Chicago.

* [[Barack Obama]], [[Preses o the Unitit Sates]]
* [[Michelle Obama]], [[First Lady o the Unitit States]]
* [[Rahm Emanuel]], the 55t [[Mayor o Chicago|Mayor]] o the ceety.
* [[Ronald Reagan]], umwhile [[Preses o the Unitit States]].
* [[Oprah Winfrey]], actress an host o ''[[Oprah]]''.
* [[Nancy Reagan]], umwhile [[First Lady o the Unitit States]].
* [[Walt Disney]], creautor o [[Walt Disney Pictures]] an [[Walt Disney Enterprises]].
* [[Frank Lloyd Wright]], famous airchitect ([[Guggenheim Museum]], [[Robie House]], [[Fallingwater]]), an writer.
* [[Robin Williams]], comedian an actor.
* [[Jack Benny]], comedian an actor.
* [[George Pullman]], ingineer.
* [[Chris Farley]], comedian an actor.
* [[Roger Ebert]], film critic.
* [[Mike Gray]], screenwriter, activist, an cinematographer.
* [[Kanye West]], rapper, muisicker, an actor.
* [[Potter Palmer]], airchitect an businessman.
* [[Daniel Burnham]], airchitect.
* [[Carl Sandburg]], poet.

==Sister ceeties==
{| cellpadding=&quot;10&quot;
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;
|
* {{flagicon|Poland}} '''[[Warsaw]]''' ([[Poland]]) ''1960''
* {{flagicon|Italy}} '''[[Milan]]''' ([[Italy]]) ''1973''
* {{flagicon|Japan}} '''[[Osaka]]''' ([[Japan]]) ''1973''
* {{flagicon|Morocco}} '''[[Casablanca]]''' ([[Morocco]]) ''1982''
* {{flagicon|China}} '''[[Shanghai]]''' ([[Cheenae]]) ''1985''
* {{flagicon|China}} '''[[Shenyang]]''' (Cheenae) ''1985''
* {{flagicon|Sweden}} '''[[Gothenburg]]''' ([[Swaden]]) ''1987''
* {{flagicon|Ghana}} '''[[Accra]]''' ([[Ghana]]) ''1989''
* {{flagicon|Czech Republic}} '''[[Prague]]''' ([[Czech Republic]]) ''1990''
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} '''[[Kiev]]''' ([[Ukraine]]) ''1991''
* {{flagicon|Mexico}} '''[[Mexico Ceety]]''' ([[Mexico]]) ''1991''
* {{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Toronto]]''' ([[Canadae]]) ''1991''
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[Birmingham]]''' (Unitit Kinrick) ''1993''
* {{flagicon|Lithuania}} '''[[Vilnius]]''' ([[Lithuanie]]) ''1993''
* {{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Hamburg]]''' ([[Germany]]) ''1994''
||
* {{flagicon|Israel}} '''[[Petah Tikva]]''' ([[Israel]]) ''1994''
* {{flagicon|France}} '''[[Paris]]''' ([[France]]) ''1996 – Pairtner Ceety''
* {{flagicon|Greece}} '''[[Athens]]''' ([[Greece]]) ''1997''
* {{flagicon|South Africa}} '''[[Durban]]''' ([[Sooth Africae]]) ''1997''
* {{flagicon|Ireland}} '''[[Galway]]''' ([[Republic o Ireland|Ireland]]) ''1997''
* {{flagicon|Russia}} '''[[Moscow]]''' ([[Roushie]]) ''1997''
* {{flagicon|Switzerland}} '''[[Lucerne]]''' ([[Swisserland]]) ''1998''
* {{flagicon|India}} '''[[Delhi]]''' ([[Indie]]) ''2001''
* {{flagicon|Jordan}} '''[[Amman]]''' ([[Jordan]]) ''2004''
* {{flagicon|Serbia}} '''[[Belgrade]]''' ([[Serbie]]) ''2005''
* {{flagicon|Pakistan}} '''[[Lahore]]''' ([[Pakistan]]) ''2007''
* {{flagicon|South Korea}} '''[[Busan]]''' ([[Republic o Korea]]) ''2007''
* {{flagicon|Colombia}} '''[[Bogotá]]''' ([[Colombie]]) ''2009''
* {{flagicon|Brazil}} '''[[São Paulo]]''' ([[Brazil]]) ''2010''
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Ither wabsteid==
{{commonscat|Chicago}}
{{wikivoyage|Chicago}}

* [http://egov.cityofchicago.org/city/webportal/home.do City of Chicago Homepage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080116063915/http://egov.cityofchicago.org/city/webportal/home.do |date=2008-01-16 }}
* [http://www.traveldir.org/chicago/ Chicago Hotels] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701223614/http://www.traveldir.org/chicago/ |date=2014-07-01 }}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Chicago|*]]
[[Category:Populatit places established in 1833]]
[[Category:Populatit places in Cook Coonty, Illinois]]
[[Category:Populatit places in DuPage Coonty, Illinois]]
[[Category:Populatit places on the Great Lochs]]
[[Category:Coonty seats in Illinois]]
[[Category:Ceeties in Illinois]]</text>
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[[File:AC Cobra - 50th Annyversary Cobra Limited Edition CSX8000 (02).jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|50th Annyversary Cobra Leemitit Edition CSX8000.]]
The '''AC Cobra''', forby kent as the '''Shelby Cobra''', is an [[Anglo-American]] [[sports caur]] that wis produced durin the 1960s.

==History an development==

Lik mony Breetish specialist manufacturers, [[AC Caurs]] haed been uisin the smooth, refined [[Bristol Cars|Bristol]] [[straight-6]] ingine in its sma-volume production, includin its [[AC Ace]] 2-seater roadster.  This haed a haund-biggit body wi a steel tube frame, an aluminium body panels that wur made uisin [[Inglis wheel]]in machines. The ingine wis a pre-Warld War II design o [[BMW]] which bi the 1960s wis considered dated.  Bristol decidit in 1961 tae cease production o its ingine an insteid tae uise Chrysler 331 cid (5.4 L) [[V8]] ingines.  Awtho untrue, it is commonly believed that AC wis left wi'oot a future soorce o pouer an that American ex-racin driver [[Carroll Shelby]] saved the company frae bankruptcy. AC startit uisin the 2.6 litre [[Ford Zephyr]] ingine in its caurs. In September 1961, Shelby airmailed AC a letter askin them if thay wad big him a caur modified tae accept a V8 ingine. AC agreed, providit a suitable ingine coud be foond. He first went tae Chevrolet tae see if thay wad provide him wi ingines, but no wantin tae add competeetion tae the Corvette thay said nae. Ford houiver, wantit a caur that coud compete wi the Corvette an thay happened tae hae a brand new thin-wall sma-block ingine which coud be uised in this endeavor. It wis [[Ford Motor Company|Ford's]] [[Ford Windsor ingine|260 in³ HiPo (4.2 L) ingine]] - a new lichtweight, thin-wall cast [[sma-block V8]] tuned for hie performance. In Januar 1962 mechanics at AC Caurs in [[Thames Ditton]], Surrey fittit the prototype chassis CSX0001 wi a 221ci Ford V8. Efter testin an modification, the ingine an transmission wur removed an the chassis wis air-freightit tae Shelby in [[Los Angeles]] on 2 Februar 1962..&lt;ref&gt;Friedman, Dave: &quot;Shelby Cobra: the Shebly American color archives&quot;, chapter 1, MBI Publishing Company, ISBN 0-87938-757-2&lt;/ref&gt; His team fittit it wi an ingine an transmission in less nor aicht oors at [[Dean Moon]]'s shop in Santa Fe Springs, Californie, an began road-testin.

Production proved tae be easy, syne AC haed awready made maist o the modifications needit for the sma'-block V8 whan thay installed the 2.6 litre Ford Zephyr ingine, includin the extensive rework o the AC Ace's front end. The maist important modification wis the fittin o a stranger rear differential tae haundle the increased ingine pouer. A Salisbury 4HU unit wi inboard [[disk brake]]s tae reduce unsprung wecht wis chosen insteid o the auld ENV unit. It wis the same unit uised on the [[Jaguar E-Type]]. On the production version, the inboard brakes wur moved ootboard tae reduce cost. The anerlie modification o the front end o the first Cobra frae that o the AC Ace 2.6 wis the steerin box, which haed tae be moved ootward tae clear the wider V8 motor.

The first 75 Cobra Mark I (includin the prototype) wur fittit wi the 260 ingine (4.2 L). The remainin 51 Mark I model wur fittit wi a lairger version o the Windsor Ford ingine, the 289 in³ (4.7 L) V8.  In late 1962 Alan Turner, AC's chief engineer completit a major design chynge o the caur's front end an wis able tae fit it wi [[rack an pinion]] steerin while still uisin [[Corvette leaf spring#Motion o a transverse leaf spring|transverse leaf spring suspension]]. The new caur entered production in early 1963 an wis designatit ''Mark II''. The steerin rack wis borrowed frae the MGB while the new steerin column cam frae the [[VW Beetle]]. Aboot 528 Mark II Cobras wur producit tae the simmer o 1965 (the last US-boond Mark II wis produced in November 1964).

Bi 1963 the leaf-spring Cobra wis losin its supremacy in racin. Shelby tried fittin a lairger [[Ford FE ingine]] o 390 in³. [[Ken Miles]] drove an raced the FE-powered Mark II an pronoonced the caur wis virtually undrivable, namin it &quot;The Turd.&quot; A new chassis wis developed an designatit ''Mark III''.

The new caur wis designed in cooperation wi Ford in [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]]. A new chassis wis biggit uisin 4&quot; main chassis tubes (up frae 3&quot;) an [[coil spring]] suspension aw aroond. The new caur haed wide fenders an a lairger radiator openin an aa. It wis pouered bi the &quot;side oiler&quot; [[Ford 427 ingine]] (7.0 L) ratit at 425&amp;nbsp;bhp which providit a tap speed o 164&amp;nbsp;mph (262&amp;nbsp;km/h) in the standard model an 485&amp;nbsp;bhp wi a tap speed o 185&amp;nbsp;mph in the competeetion model. Cobra Mark III production began on 1 Januar 1965; twa prototypes haed been sent tae the Unitit States in October 1964. Caurs wur sent tae the US as unpaintit rollin chassis, an thay wur finished in Shelby's workshop. Awtho an impressive automobile, the caur wis a financial failure an did no sell well. In fact tae save cost, maist AC Cobra 427s wur actually fittit wi Ford's 428 in³ (7.0 L) ingine, a lang stroke, smawer bore, lawer cost ingine, intendit for road uise rather than racin. It seems that a tot o 300 Mark III caurs wur sent tae Shelby in the USA during the years 1965 an 1966, includin the competeetion version. 27 sma' block narrow fender version which wur referred tae as the AC 289 wur sauld in Europe. Unfortunately, The MK III missed homologation for the 1965 racin saison an wis na raced bi the Shelby team. Houever, it wis raced successfully bi mony privateers an went on tae win races aw the wey intae the 70s. Interestingly, 31 unsold competeetion caurs wur detuned an made road worthy an cawed S/C for semi-competeetion. The day, thir ar the rarest an the maist valuable models an can sell for in excess o 1.5 million dollars. 
[[Image:AC Shelby Cobra (Auto classique).JPG|250px|thumb|left|AC Shelby Cobra]]
The AC 427 (i.e. the Mark III) dimensions wur: oweraw lenth o 14.583 feet (4.445 m), oweraw width o 5.583&amp;nbsp;ft (1.702 m), heicht (wi its removable tap in place) o 4.250&amp;nbsp;ft (1.295 m), turnin circle o 34&amp;nbsp;ft (10.363 m), wheelbase o 8.00 feet (2.438 m), front track o 4.50&amp;nbsp;ft (1.372 m) an  rear track o 4.417&amp;nbsp;ft (1.346 m).  Its fuel tank held 18 imperial gallons an its empty wecht wis approximately 2,300&amp;nbsp;lb (1044&amp;nbsp;kg).

AC Cobras haed an extensive racin career. Shelby wanted it tae be a &quot;Corvette-Beater&quot; an at nearly 500&amp;nbsp;lb less nor the [[Chevrolet Corvette]], the lichtweight caur did juist that.  The Cobra wis aiblins too successfu as a performance caur an reputedly contreibutit aeo the implementation o naitional speed leemits in the Unitit Kinrick. An AC Cobra Coupe wis calculated tae hae done 186&amp;nbsp;mph on the [[M1 motorway]] in 1964, driven bi [[Jack Sears]] an Peter Bolton during shakedown tests prior tae that year's [[1964 24 Hours o Le Mans|Le Mans 24h race]].&lt;ref name=&quot;classicdriver.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.classicdriver.com/uk/magazine/3200.asp?id=11841|title=185mph on the British motorway in 1963 - the real story from Jack Sears|accessdate=2008-01-04|work=classicdriver.com|archive-date=2007-10-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015232206/http://classicdriver.com/uk/magazine/3200.asp?id=11841|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Houiver, govrenment offeecials hae cited the increasin accident daith rate in the early 1960s as the principal motivation, wi the exploits o the [[AC Cars]] team merely hichtlichtin the risk.

Awtho successfu in racin, the AC Cobra wis a financial failure, which led Ford an [[Carroll Shelby]] tae discontinue importin caurs frae Ingland in 1967. [[AC Caurs]] kept producin the coil spring AC Roadster wi narrae fenders, a sma' block Ford 289 an cried the caur the AC 289. It wis biggit an sauld in Europe till late 1969. This caur wi modifications wad appear again in 1982 as the Autokraft MkIV, basically an AC MkIII caur wi a 5.0L Ford V8 an Borg Warner T5 Transmission. AC forby produced the [[AC Frua]] till 1973. The AC Frua wis biggit on a stretched Cobra 427 MK III coil spring chassis uisin a vera angular handsome steel body designed an biggit bi [[Pietro Frua]]. Wi the demise o the Frua, AC went on building lesser caurs an eventually fell intae bankruptcy in the late 1970s'. The company's toolin an eventually the right tae uise the name, wur licensed bi Autocraft, a Cobra pairts reseller an replica caur manufacturer awned bi Brian A. Angliss. Autocraft wis manufacturing an AC 289 continuation caur cried the Mark IV. Shortly thereafter, Carroll Shelby filed suit against AC Caurs an Brian A. Angliss, in U.S. Destrict Court in Los Angeles. The ensuin dounset resultit in Shelby an AC Cars/Angliss releasin a jynt press release whaur AC/Angliss acknowledged that Carroll Shelby wis (an is) the manufacturer o record o aw the 1960s AC Cobra automobiles in the Unitit States an that Shelby himsel is the sole person allowed tae caw his caur a Cobra. Carroll Shelby's company Shelby Automobiles, Inc. continues tae manufacture the Shelby Cobra FIA 289 an 427 S/C vehicles in various forms at its facility in Las Vegas, Nevada.  Thir caurs retain the general style an appearance o thair oreeginal 1960s ancestors, but ar fittit wi modren amenities.

==Coupé==
[[File:Shelby Daytona, 1964.JPG|thumb|1964 Shelby Daytona Cobra Coupe (CSX2299)]]
[[File:1965 Willment Cobra.jpg|thumb|right|1965 Willment Cobra]]
In an effort tae improve tap speed alang the legendary [[Circuit de la Sarthe|Mulsanne Straight]] at the [[24 Hours o Le Mans]] race, a nummer o enclosed, coupe variations wur constructit uisin the leafspring chassis an runnin gear o the AC/Shelby Cobra Mark II. The maist famous an numerous o thir wur the offeecial works [[Shelby Daytona]] Cobra Coupes. Sax wur constructit in tot, each bein subtly different frae the rest. AC forby produced a Le Mans coupe. The caur wis a ane-off an wis nearly destroyed efter a hie-speed tire blow-oot at the [[1964 24 Hours o Le Mans|1964 Le Mans race]]. The caur wis completely rebuilt an as o nou is in private awnership in Ingland. The third significant Cobra-based coupe wis the Willment Cobra Coupe biggit bi the JWA racin team. A road-goin Shelby Daytona Cobra replica is bein manufactured bi [[Superformance]] an [[Factory Five Racing]], a well kent kit caur company. Thir caurs uise [[Pete Brock|Pete Brock's]] bodywork designs, scaled up tae increase room inside, an a newly designed [[spaceframe]] chassis, thay ar pouered bi Roush-biggit Ford Windsor (Sportsman) ingines. The Superformance Shelby Daytona Coupe is the anerlie modren-day vehicle recognised bi Shelby as a successor tae the oreeginal Coupes.

==Continuation caurs==
Frae the late 1980s onwards, Carroll Shelby an associated companies hae biggit what ar kent in the hobby as &quot;Continuation Caurs&quot;, Shelby authorized continuations o the oreeginal AC bodied Shelby Cobra series. Initially the caur everyane wantit in a Continuation wis a 427 S/C model which wis representit in the CSX4000 series. This wis meant tae continue whaur the last 427 S/C production left off, at approximately serial nummer CSX3560 in the 1960s.

The initial CSX4000 series caurs wur completit frae [[new auld stock]] as well as newly manufactured pairts. Gradually as the vintage pairts supply ran law, newly biggit frames an body panels wur obtained frae a variety o suppliers. The production o chassis nummers CSX4001 tae CSX4999 teuk roughly 20 years an mony different business relationships tae complete.

Aw models o Cobra produced ar available nou as continuations. In 2009, CSX4999 wis produced, concludin the 4000 series. Production haes continued wi the CSX6000 serial nummers, featurin &quot;coil over&quot; suspension. The 289 FIA &quot;leaf spring&quot; race version o the caur is reproduced as CSX7000, an the oreeginal &quot;slab side&quot; leaf spring street caur is the CSX8000 series.

Tae date maist continuations ar produced in feebreglass, wi some orderin caurs wi aluminum or carbon feebre bodywork.

In 2004, at the [[North American Internaitional Auto Show]] in [[Detroit]], Ford unveiled a concept for a modernized Shelby Cobra. The [[Ford Shelby Cobra Concept]] wis a continuation o Ford's effort tae bring back the retro sports caurs that haed been successfu in the 1960s, includin the [[Ford GT40]] an the fift generation [[Ford Mustang]].

==Super Snake==
[[File:Shelby AC Cobra 427, Ollie the Dragon.JPG|thumb|right|Competition 427, (CSX3009) &quot;Ollie the Dragon&quot;]]
Shelby Motors biggit twintie twa 427 competeetion roadsters. In 1965, ane wis selectit an convertit intae a special model cried the 427 &quot;Cobra tae End Aw Cobras.&quot; The first ane o thir (nummer CSX3015) wis oreeginally pairt o a European promotional tour afore its conversion. This conversion cawed for makin the oreeginal racin model street legal wi mufflers, a windshield an bumpers amangst ither modifications. But some things wur no modified, includin the racin rear end, brakes an [[Manifold (automotive ingineerin)|headers]]. The maist notable modification is the addition o Twin Paxton Superchargers. This gae the caur a claimed 462 brake horsepouer (bhp) an 800 Ft pounds o torque at 3000 rpm. Offeecially 0 tae 60&amp;nbsp;mph wis achieved in 4.5 seconds, awtho thare ar reports o this bein achieved in little ower 3 seconds.

Anither non-competeetion 427 roadster, CSX3303, wis convertit an gien tae Shelby's close friend, [[Bill Cosby]]. Cosby attemptit tae drive the super-fast Cobra, but haed issues wi keepin it unner control. This wis humorously documentit in Cosby's album titled ''[[200 M.P.H.|Bill Cosby, 200 M.P.H.]]''. Cosby gae the caur back tae Shelby, who then shipped it oot tae ane o thair dealers in San Francisco, S&amp;C Ford on Van Ness Avenue. S&amp;C Ford then sauld it tae customer Tony Maxey. Maxey, sufferin the same issues as Cosby did wi the caur, lost control an drove it off o a cliff, landin in the Paceefic Ocean waters.&lt;ref name=&quot;Barrett-Jackson Cobra details&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.barrett-jackson.com/application/onlinesubmission/lotdetails.aspx?aid=221&amp;ln=1301&amp;pop=0&amp;it=1|title=Barrett-Jackson Lot: 1301 - 1966 SHELBY COBRA 427 &quot;SUPER SNAKE&quot;|work=barrett-jackson.com|access-date=2010-10-22|archive-date=2011-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707213146/http://www.barrett-jackson.com/application/onlinesubmission/lotdetails.aspx?aid=221&amp;ln=1301&amp;pop=0&amp;it=1|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is tae be notit that Maxey's accident wis lairgely speculatit as suicide. It wis eventually recovered an the wreckage wis bought bi Brian Angliss o AC/Autokraft. Syne CSX3303 wis sae badly damaged in the Maxey accident, it is doubtful that muckle o the oreeginal caur will surface in the restored version.

Shelby's oreeginal model, CSX3015, wis kept bi [[Carroll Shelby]] himsel ower the years as a personal caur, whiles enterin it intae local races lik the Turismos Visitadores Cannonball-Run race in Nevada, whaur he wis &quot;wakin [up] whole touns, blowin oot windows, throwin belts an catchin fire a couple o times, but finishin.&quot;  CSX3015 wis auctioned off on 22 Januar 2007 at the Barrett-Jackson Collector Caur Event in Scottsdale, Arizona for $5 million plus commission. This wad be a record for Cobras, as well as for a Barrett-Jackson sell price.

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commonscat}}
*{{dmoz|Recreation/Autos/Makes_and_Models/AC/Cobra/|AC Cobra}}
*{{imcdb vehicle|make=AC|model=Cobra|AC Cobra}}
*[http://www.shelbyautos.com Shelby Automobiles Inc., Las Vegas, Nevada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427044028/http://www.shelbyautos.com/ |date=2015-04-27 }}
*[http://www.thecobraferrariwars.com/ 64' AC Coupe - Vintage Photos]
*[http://www.thecobraferrariwars.com/ Rare CSX2345 Photos an Information]
*[http://www.thecobraferrariwars.com/ 63-65 Original Race Photos - Le Mans, Laguna Seca, Sebring an mair]

[[Category:AC vehicles|Cobra]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Shelby vehicles|Cobra]]
[[Category:Roadsters]]
[[Category:Sports caurs]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Qatar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2024-11-15T21:34:06Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Rich Farmbrough</username>
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      <text bytes="8783" sha1="hmmqgrtl8weviyb8estux7w2uagm7kl" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = State o Qatar
|native_name = {{big|دولة قطر}}&lt;br/&gt;''Dawlaṫ Qaṭar''
|conventional_short_name = دولة قطر ('''Arabic''')
|common_name = Qatar
|image_flag = Flag of Qatar.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Qatar.svg
|symbol_type = Emblem
|image_map = QAT orthographic.svg
|image_map2 = Qatar - Location Map (2013) - QAT - UNOCHA.svg
|map_caption = Location an extent o Qatar (dark green) on the [[Arabian Peninsula]].
|national_motto =
|national_anthem = {{native name|ar|{{big|السلام الأميري}}|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;''[[As Salam al Amiri]]''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|([[transleeteration]])&lt;br/&gt;''Amiri Salute''}}&lt;br/&gt;&lt;center&gt;[[File:National anthem of Qatar.ogg]]&lt;/center&gt;
|official_languages = [[Arabic]]
|official_religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
|demonym = Qatari
|capital = [[Doha]]
|coordinates = {{Coord|25|18|N|51|31|E|type:city}}
|largest_city = capital
|government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Pairlamentary seestem|pairlamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy]]
|leader_title1 = [[Leet o emirs o Qatar|Emir]]
|leader_name1 = [[Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani]]
|leader_title2 = [[Leet o prime meenisters o Qatar|Prime Meenister]]
|leader_name2 = [[Khalid bin Khalifa bin Abdul Aziz Al Thani|Khalid bin Khalifa]]
|legislature = [[Consultative Assembly o Qatar|Consultative Assembly]]
|established_event1 = [[Qatar Naitional Day]]
|established_date1 = 18 December 1878
|established_event2 = Declared Unthirldom
|established_date2 = &lt;br/&gt;1 September 1971
|established_event3 = Unthirldom frae the Unitit Kinrick
|established_date3 = &lt;br/&gt;3 September 1971
|area_rank = 164th
|area_magnitude =
|area_km2 = 11,571
|area_sq_mi = 4,467.6
|percent_water = negligible
|population_estimate = 2,155,446&lt;ref name=qsa-Aug13&gt;{{cite web|title=Population structure|url=http://www.qsa.gov.qa/eng/PopulationStructure.htm|publisher=Qatar Statistics Authority|date=31 August 2013|access-date=2014-08-18|archive-date=2012-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130220032/http://www.qsa.gov.qa/eng/PopulationStructure.htm|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population_estimate_rank = 142nt
|population_estimate_year = 2014
|population_census = 1,699,435&lt;ref name=&quot;census10&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.qsa.gov.qa/QatarCensus/Populations.aspx |title=Populations |publisher=Qsa.gov.qa |accessdate=2 October 2010 |archive-date=2010-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100709192746/http://www.qsa.gov.qa/QatarCensus/Populations.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population_census_rank = 148t
|population_census_year = 2010
|population_density_km2 = 176
|population_density_sq_mi = 455 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--&gt;
|population_density_rank = 76t
|GDP_PPP = $214.575 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;imfsept&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=27&amp;pr.y=8&amp;sy=2013&amp;ey=2018&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=453&amp;s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&amp;grp=0&amp;a= |title=Qatar |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=20 Aprile 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank =
|GDP_PPP_year = 2014
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $96,993&lt;ref name=&quot;imfsept&quot;/&gt;
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 1st
|GDP_nominal = $213.784 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;imfsept&quot;/&gt;
|GDP_nominal_rank =
|GDP_nominal_year = 2014
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $96,635&lt;ref name=&quot;imfsept&quot;/&gt;
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 2nt
|Gini_year = 2007
|Gini_change =  &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
|Gini = 41.1 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
|Gini_ref =&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=GINI index |publisher=World Bank |date= |accessdate=22 Januar 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Gini_rank =
|HDI_year = 2013&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
|HDI_change = steady&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
|HDI = 0.851 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
|HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report Summary |date=2014 |accessdate=27 Julie 2014 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme | pages=21–25}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|HDI_rank = 31st
|currency = [[Qatari riyal|Riyal]]
|currency_code = QAR
|country_code = 0974
|time_zone = [[Arabia Staundart Time|AST]]
|utc_offset = +3
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|drives_on = right
|calling_code = +974
|ISO_3166-1_alpha2 = QA
|ISO_3166-1_alpha3 = QAT
|ISO_3166-1_numeric = 634
|sport_code = QAT
|vehicle_code = Q
|cctld = {{unbulleted list |[[.qa]] |[[قطر.]]}}
|national_tree = Sidra Tree
}}
'''Qatar''' ({{lang-ar|قطر}} {{IPA-ar|ˈqɑtˁɑr|}} [[Gulf Arabic|local pronunciation]]: {{IPA-ar|ɡitˁar|}}&lt;ref name=EoI&gt;Johnstone, T.M. &quot;{{unicode|Ķaṭar}}.&quot; Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. 4 Aprile 2009 [http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=islam_SIM-4018 www.brillonline.nl]{{Dead link|date=Aprile 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;), kent offeecially as the '''State o Qatar''' or locally '''{{Unicode|Dawlat Qaṭar}}''', is an Arab [[kintra]], kent offeecially as an [[emirate]], in the [[Middle East]], occupeein the sma Qatar Peninsulae on the northeasterly [[strand]] o the muckle lairger [[Arabian Peninsulae]]. It is bordered bi [[Saudi Arabie]] soothle; itherwise, the [[Persian Gulf]] surroonds the [[Sovereign state|state]]. A kyle o the [[Persian Gulf]] sinders Qatar frae the nearhaun island nàtion o [[Bahrain]].
Qatar is an ile- an gas-rich naition, wi the [[Leet o kintras bi natural gas proven reserves|third lairgest gas reserves]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2179rank.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-11-05 |archive-date=2013-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130309174844/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2179rank.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; an the first&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=24&amp;pr.y=7&amp;sy=2009&amp;ey=2009&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=512%2C941%2C914%2C446%2C612%2C666%2C614%2C668%2C311%2C672%2C213%2C946%2C911%2C137%2C193%2C962%2C122%2C674%2C912%2C676%2C313%2C548%2C419%2C556%2C513%2C678%2C316%2C181%2C913%2C682%2C124%2C684%2C339%2C273%2C638%2C921%2C514%2C948%2C218%2C943%2C963%2C686%2C616%2C688%2C223%2C518%2C516%2C728%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C522%2C278%2C622%2C692%2C156%2C694%2C624%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C716%2C321%2C456%2C243%2C722%2C248%2C942%2C469%2C718%2C253%2C724%2C642%2C576%2C643%2C936%2C939%2C961%2C644%2C813%2C819%2C199%2C172%2C184%2C132%2C524%2C646%2C361%2C648%2C362%2C915%2C364%2C134%2C732%2C652%2C366%2C174%2C734%2C328%2C144%2C258%2C146%2C656%2C463%2C654%2C528%2C336%2C923%2C263%2C738%2C268%2C578%2C532%2C537%2C944%2C742%2C176%2C866%2C534%2C369%2C536%2C744%2C429%2C186%2C433%2C925%2C178%2C746%2C436%2C926%2C136%2C466%2C343%2C112%2C158%2C111%2C439%2C298%2C916%2C927%2C664%2C846%2C826%2C299%2C542%2C582%2C967%2C474%2C443%2C754%2C917%2C698%2C544&amp;s=PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a= World Economic Outlook Database-April 2010], [[International Monetary Fund]]. Retrieved 21 Aprile 2010.&lt;/ref&gt; or seicont&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA&quot;&gt;{{cite web
| title = Middle East :: Qatar
| url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/qa.html
| publisher = [[Central Intelligence Agency]]
| work = [[CIA World Factbook]]
| accessdate = 2009-08-12
| archive-date = 2018-12-24
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211230/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/qa.html
| url-status = dead
}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Leet o kintras bi GDP (PPP) per capita|heichest GDP per capita]] in the warld. An [[absolute monarchy]], Qatar haes been ringit bi the [[al-Thani]] faimlie syne the mid-19t century an haes syne transformed itsel frae a [[Unitit Kinrick|Breetish]] protectorate notit mainly for [[pearl huntin|pearlin]] intae an independent state wi significant ile an natural gas revenues.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Commonscat}}

[[Category:Qatar| ]]
[[Category:Arabian Peninsulae]]
[[Category:Arabic-speakin kintras]]
[[Category:Member states o the Arab League]]
[[Category:Constitutional monarchies]]
[[Category:Cooperation Council for the Arab States o the Gulf member states]]
[[Category:Emirates]]
[[Category:Middle Eastren kintras]]
[[Category:OPEC member states]]
[[Category:Member states o the Organisation o Islamic Cooperation]]
[[Category:Peninsulas o Asie]]
[[Category:Wastren Asie kintras]]
[[Category:States an territories established in 1971]]
[[Category:Wastren Asie]]
[[Category:Member states o the Unitit Naitions]]


{{Stub/Asie}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kairouan</title>
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'''Kairouan''' ({{lang-ar|القيروان}}) (cried '''Kirwan''' or '''Al Qayrawan''' an aa), is the caipital o the [[Kairouan Governorate]] in [[Tunisie]].  Referred tae as the Islamic Cultural Caipital, it is a [[UNESCO]] [[Warld Heritage site]]. The ceety wis foondit bi the [[Arabs]] aroond 670. In the period o [[Caliphate|Caliph]] [[Mu'awiya I|Mu'awiya]], it became an important centre for Islamic an [[Qur'an|Quranic]] learnin, an sicweys attractin a lairge nummer o Muslims frae various pairts o the warld, next anerlie tae [[Mecca]] an [[Medina]]. The holy [[Mosque o Uqba]] is situatit in the ceety.&lt;ref name=EP&gt;Europa Publications “General Survey: Holy Places” ''The Middle East and North Africa 2003'', p. 147. Routledge, 2003. ISBN 1857431324. “The city is regarded as a holy place for Muslims.”&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book
  | title = Hutchinson Encyclopedia 1996 Edition
  | publisher = Helicon Publishing Ltd, [[Oxford]]
  | year = 1996
  | page = 572
  | doi =
  | isbn = 1-85986-107-5}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is considered bi mony Muslims tae be [[Islam]]'s fowert holiest ceety.&lt;ref name=&quot;HarrisKoser2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author1=Dr. Ray Harris|author2=Khalid Koser|title=Continuity and change in the Tunisian sahel|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=f6xyAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=17 October 2010|date=30 August 2004|publisher=Ashgate|isbn=9780754633730|page=108}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Etymology==
The oreeginal name wis derived frae [[Arabic]] ''kairuwân'', frae [[Persian leid|Persian]] ''Kâravân'', meanin &quot;military/civilian camp&quot; (frae Kâr, &quot;war/military,&quot;  an van/wan, &quot;ootpost&quot;), &quot;caravan&quot;, or &quot;restin place&quot; (see [[caravanserai]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;kairouan&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.isesco.org.ma/english/capitalsIslamic/2009/kairouan2009/p2.php |title=Location and origin of the name of Kairouan |publisher=Isesco.org |date= |accessdate=2010-04-12 |archive-date=2011-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605234532/http://www.isesco.org.ma/english/capitalsIslamic/2009/kairouan2009/p2.php |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==History==
Kairouan wis foondit in aboot the year 670 when the [[Arab]] general [[Uqba ibn Nafi]] o Amir Muauia selectit a site in the middle o a dense forest, then infestit wi wild beasts an reptiles, as the location o a [[military base|military post]] for the conquest o the Wast. It wis locatit far frae the sea whaur it wis safe frae continued attacks o the [[Berber fowk|Berber]]s who haed fiercely resistit the Arab invasion. Berber resistance continued, led first bi [[Kusaila]] whose troops killed Uqba at [[Biskra]] aboot fifteen years efter the military post wis established, an then bi a Berber woman cried [[Al-Kahina]] who wis killed an her airmy defeatit in 702. Subsequently, thare wis a mass conversion o the [[Berber fowk|Berbers]] tae Islam. [[Kharijites]] or Islamic 'ootsiders' which formed an egalitarian an puritanical sect appeared an are still present on the island o [[Jerba]]. In 745, [[Kharijite]] [[Berber fowk|Berbers]] captured Kairouan, which wis awready at that time a developed ceety wi luxuriant gardens an olive groves.

Pouer struggles remained till Kairouan wis recaptured bi [[Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab]] at the end o the 8t century. In 800, Ibrahim wis confirmed [[Emir]] an hereditary ruler o [[Ifriqiya]] bi [[Caliph]] [[Harun ar-Rashid]] in [[Baghdad]]. [[Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab]] foondit the [[Aghlabid]] dynasty that ruled [[Ifriqiya]] atween 800 an 909. The new Emirs embellished Kairouan an made it thair caipital which suin became famous for its weel an prosperity reachin the levels o [[Basra]] an [[Kufa]] an givin Tunisie ane o its gowden ages lang sought efter the glorious days o [[Carthage]].

The [[Aghlabite]]s biggit the great mosque an established in it a varsity that wis a centre o eddication baith in Islamic thocht an in the secular sciences. Its role can be compared tae that o the [[University o Paris]] in the [[Middle Ages]]. In the 9t century, the ceety became a brilliant focus o [[Arab]] an [[Islamic]] culturs attractin scholars frae aw ower the [[Islamic Warld]]. In that period [[Imam]] [[Sahnun]] an [[Asad ibn al-Furat]] made o Kairouan a temple o knawledge an a magnificent centre o diffusion o Islamic sciences. The Aghlabids biggit pailaces forby, fortifications an fine waterworks o which anerlie the puils remain. Frae Kairouan envoys frae [[Charlemagne]] an the [[Holy Roman Empire]] returned wi glowin reports o the [[Aghlabite]]s pailaces, libraries an gardens – an frae the cripplin taxation imposed tae pey for thair drunkenness an sundry debaucheries. The [[Aghlabite]] pacified the kintra an conquered Sicily in 827 forby&lt;ref&gt;[http://books.google.fr/books?id=qamIQbPLMqgC&amp;pg=PA48&amp;dq=aghlabids+conquered+sicily+in+827&amp;cd=7#v=onepage&amp;q=aghlabids%20conquered%20sicily%20in%20827&amp;f=false Barbara M. Kreutz, ''Before the Normans: Southern Italy in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries'', University of Pennsylvania Press, 1996, p. 48]&lt;/ref&gt;.

[[File:Calif al Mahdi Kairouan 912 CE.jpg|thumb|left|Gowd coin o the Fatimid Calif [[Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi Billah|al-Mahdi]], mintit in Kairouan in 912 CE.]]
In 893, throu the mission o Ubaydalla Said, the [[Kutama]] Berbers frae the wast o the kintra stairtit the muivement o the [[Shiite]] [[Fatimid]]s. The year 909 saw the owerthrow o the [[Sunni]] [[Aghlabite]] that ruled [[Ifriqiya]] an the creation o the [[Shiite]] [[Fatimid]] dynasty. Durin the reign o the [[Fatimid]]s, Kairouan wis neglectit an lost its importance as the new rulers residit first in Raqqada but suin moved thair caipital tae the newly biggit [[Al Mahdiyah]] on the coast o modren Tunisie. Efter succeedin in extendin thair rule ower aw o central [[Maghreb]], an aurie consistin o the modren kintras o [[Morocco]], [[Algerie]], [[Tunisie]] an [[Libie]], thay eventually moved east tae [[Egyp]] tae foond [[Cairo]] makin it the caipital o thair vast [[Caliphate]] an leavin the [[Zirids]] as thair vassals in [[Ifriqiya]]. Govrenin again frae Kairouan, the [[Zirids]] led the kintra throu anither airtistic, commercial an agricultural heyday. Schools an varsities flourisht, owerseas tred in local manufactures an farm produce ran hie an the courts o the [[Zirids]] rulers wur centres o refinement that eclipsed those o thair European contemporaries.

When the [[Zirids]] declared thair unthirldom frae [[Cairo]] an thair conversion tae [[Sunni]] Islam in 1045 bi givin allegiance tae [[Baghdad]], the Fatimid Caliph [[Ma'ad al-Mustansir Billah]] sent as punishment hordes o troublesome Arab tribes ([[Banu Hilal]] an [[Banu Sulaym]]) tae invade Ifriqiya. Thir invaders sae utterly destroyed Kairouan in 1057 that it niver regained its umwhile importance an thair influx wis a major factor in the spread o nomadism in auries whaur agricultur haed previously been dominant. Some 1,700 years o intermittent but continual progress wis undone athin a decade as in maist pairt o the kintra the land wis laid tae waste for nearly twa centuries. In the 13t century unner the prosperous [[Hafsids]] dynasty that ruled Ifriqiya, the ceety stairtit tae emerge frae its ruins. It is anerlie unner the [[Husainid Dynasty]] that Kairouan stairtit tae fynd an honorable place in the kintra an throughoot the Islamic warld. In 1881, Kairouan wis taken bi the [[Fraunce|French]], efter which non-Muslims wur alloued access tae the ceety.

==Releegion==
[[File:Kairouan's Great Mosque courtyard.jpg|thumb|The Great Mosque o Kairouan, cried the [[Mosque o Uqba]] (Great Mosque o Sidi-Uqba) an aa.]]
The maist important [[mosque]] in the ceety is the [[Mosque o Uqba|Great Mosque o Sidi-Uqba]], cried the Great Mosque o Kairouan an aa. It haes been said that seiven pilgrimages tae this mosque is considered the equivalent o ane pilgrimage tae Mecca.&lt;ref name=&quot;Limited2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Europa Publications Limited|title=The Middle East and North Africa|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pP315Mw3S9EC&amp;pg=PA150|accessdate=17 October 2010|date=30 October 2003|publisher=Europa Publications|isbn=9781857431841|page=150}}&lt;/ref&gt; Efter its establishment, Kairouan became an [[Islam]]ic an [[Quran]]ic learnin centre in [[North Africae]]. An airticle bi Professor Kwesi Prah&lt;ref&gt;Director, Centre for Advanced Study of African Societies, Cape Town, South Africa.&lt;/ref&gt; describes hou durin the medieval period, Kairouan wis considered the third holiest ceety in Islam efter Mecca an Medina.&lt;ref&gt;This wis oreeginally a paper submittit tae the African Union (AU) Experts’ Meetin on a Strategic Geopolitic Veesion o Afro-Arab Relations. AU Headquarters, Addis Ababa, 11–12 May 2004 [http://www.hollerafrica.com/showArticle.php?artId=164&amp;catId=1 Towards a Strategic Geopolitic Vision of Afro-Arab Relations] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928105940/http://www.hollerafrica.com/showArticle.php?artId=164&amp;catId=1 |date=2007-09-28 }}. &quot;Bi 670, the Arabs haed taken Tunisie, an bi 675, they haed completit construction o Kairouan, the ceety that wad become the premier Arab base in North Africae. Kairouan wis later tae become the third holiest ceety in Islam in the medieval period, efter Mecca an Medina, acause o its importance as the centre o the Islamic faith in the Maghrib&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; The day, mony consider the ceety as the fowert holiest in Islam.&lt;ref name=&quot;HarrisKoser2004&quot;/&gt;

Judaism, nae langer prevalent in the ceety, haes an illustrious history in Kairouan, parteecularly in the early [[Middle Ages]]. Rabbeinu Chushiel, his son [[Chananel Ben Chushiel|Rabbeinu Chananel]], an R. [[Nissim Ben Jacob]] (R. Nissim Gaon) wur aw frae Kairouan an Rabbi [[Isaac Alfasi]] studied thare, as did mony ither great rabbis. Kairouan wis sicweys the first major centre o Jewish learnin ootside o [[Babylonie]] an [[Eretz Yisrael]]. In memory o Sufi saints, [[Sufi]] festivals are held in the ceety.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://news.marweb.com/tunisia/entertainment/sufi-song-festival-kairouan.txt |title=Tunisia News – Sufi Song Festival starts in Kairouan |publisher=News.marweb.com |date=2010-02-25 |accessdate=2010-04-12 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Twin touns==
*{{flagicon|Morocco}} [[Fes]], Morocco, syne 22 October 1965
*{{flagicon|Algeria}} [[Tlemcen]], Algerie, syne 28 Mey 1969
*{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Córdoba, Spain]], syne 10 Juin 1969
*{{flagicon|Egypt}} [[Cairo]], Egyp, syne 14 Mairch 1976
*{{flagicon|Uzbekistan}} [[Samarkand]], Uzbekistan, syne 5 October 1977
*{{flagicon|Mali}} [[Timbuktu]], Mali, syne 2 Juin 1986
*{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Bursa]], Turkey, syne 26 December 1987

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Commonscat}}

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[[Category:Arabic airchitectur]]
[[Category:Airchaeological steids in Tunisie]]
[[Category:Populatit places in Tunisie]]
[[Category:Communes o Tunisie]]
[[Category:Haly ceeties]]
[[Category:Populatit places established in the 7t century]]
[[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Tunisie]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1260" sha1="26xf6xzhf8a4fmkn4t3xe3nfslkcmyn" xml:space="preserve">'''Bathorë''' is an aurie juist ootside [[Tirana]], the caipital ceety o [[Albanie]] in [[Eastren Europe]]. Muckle o the aurie is essentially a [[shanty toun]], although local an internaitional [[Charitable organization|charitable organisations]] are involved in layin drainage an water supply pipes, an in recent years a hospital (built bi [[Merlin (charity)|Merlin]]) an schuil (pairt-fundit bi [[UNICEF]]) hae been constructit.

The aurie, comprisin approximately 2 square miles, wis oreeginally a state-run farm, an mony o the estimatit 20,000 residents live in convertit cattle sheds wi vera little space, an aften nae windaes. Sanitation is poor an there is nae legal supply o electricity, although haphazard supplies dae exist.

==Freemit airtins==
*[http://www.aidconvoy.net/ Aid Convoy] &amp;ndash; Ane o the organisations wirkin in Bathorë
*[http://www.amurt.net/albania/photogallery.htm Photographs o Bathorë] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100426174406/http://www.amurt.net/albania/photogallery.htm |date=2010-04-26 }}
*[http://nona.net/features/map/placedetail.867199/Bathore/ Map showin Bathorë]

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{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Jalandhar
| native_name             = ਜਲੰਧਰ
| native_name_lang        = 
| other_name              = 
| settlement_type         = [[Ceity]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = 
| nickname                = 
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             =
| pushpin_map             = India Punjab
| pushpin_label_position  = right
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| coordinates             = {{coord|31|19|32|N|75|34|45|E|display=inline}}
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Indie}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[States an territories o Indie|State]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Panjab, Indie|Panjab]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Leet o destricts o Indie|Destrict]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Jalandhar destrict|Jalandhar]]
| established_title       = &lt;!-- Established --&gt;
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| named_for               =
| government_type         =
| governing_body          =
| leader_title            = Diveesional Commissioner
| leader_name             = S. R. Ladhar
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_footnotes          =
| area_rank               =
| area_total_km2          = 34
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             = 228
| population_total        = 903491
| population_as_of        = 2010
| population_rank         =
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      =
| population_footnotes    = 
| demographics_type1      = Leids
| demographics1_title1    = Offeecial
| demographics1_info1     = [[Panjabi leid|Punjabi]]
| timezone1               = [[Indie Staundart Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1             = +5:30
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code             = 144 001
| area_code_type          = Telephone code
| area_code               = 91-181
| registration_plate      = PB 08
| website                 =
| footnotes               =
}}

'''Jalandhar''' ({{Lang-pa|ਜਲੰਧਰ}}) is a ceity in [[Jalandhar destrict]] in the state o [[Panjab, Indie|Panjab]], [[Indie]]. It is locatit 144&amp;nbsp;km northwast o the state caipital, [[Chandigarh]]. It wis kent as '''Prasthala''' at the time o the [[Mahabharta]] an as '''Jullundur''' in [[Breetish Empire|Breetish]] times.

== History ==
[[File:30 Mar 2008 BMC Chowk Jalandhar replaced with Traffic Lights by gopal1035 009.jpg|thumbnail|left|BMC Chowk]]
Jalandhar an [[Multan]] are the auldest survivin ceities o the [[Punjab region]], wi historical references as far back as A.D. 100.&lt;ref name=NIC&gt;{{cite web | url = http://jalandhar.nic.in/html/tourism.htm | title = tourism | accessdate = 2009-04-01 | publisher = National Informatics Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Jalandhar Doab]] (the region surroondin the ceity atween the [[Beas River|Beas]] an [[Sutlej]] rivers) merked the eastmaist territory o the empire o [[Alexander the Great]] an aw. He erectit giant altars in this aurie tae merk the eastren maist extent o his empire an foondit a ceity named Alexandria in the vicinity an left mony [[Macedon]]ian veterans thare an aw.

In the 7t century, when the famous Cheenese traveller an pilgrim [[Hiuen Tsang]] visitit [[Indie]] durin the reign o [[Harsha Vardhana]], the Kinrick o Jalandhara or [[Trigarta]] wis unner the rule o Raja Utito (whom Alexander Cunningham identifees wi the Rajput Raja Attar Chand o the [[Katoch]] dynasty). The kinrick wis said tae hae extendit 167 mile (269&amp;nbsp;km) frae east tae wast an 133 mile (214&amp;nbsp;km) frae north tae sooth, sicweys includin the hill states o Chamba, Mandi an Suket (Himachal Pradesh) an Satadru or Sirhind in the plains. The ceity proper o Jalandhar wis, when visitit bi Hiuen Tsiang, a muckle ceity, miles in circuit, an functioned as the caipital o a [[Rajput]] kinrick.&lt;ref name=&quot;IGI231&quot;&gt;[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?volume=14&amp;objectid=DS405.1.I34_V14_237.gif Jullundur Town - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 14, p. 231.]&lt;/ref&gt; Raja Utito wis a tributary o Harsh Vardhana. The Rajput Rajas appear tae hae continued tae rule ower the kintra richt up tae the 12t century, wi occasional interruptions, but thair caipital wis Jalandhar an Kangra formed an important stranghauld.

Accordin tae the Cheenese pilgrim [[Fa Hien]], who traveled Indie atween 399 an 411 C.E., thare wur a great mony [[Vihara]]s o Buddhism in Indie. In the [[Jalandhar Doab]], thare wur as mony as 50 Viharas o Buddhism. The Buddhist releegion wis adoptit bi a lairge nummer o fowk. As per some historians an scholars the fowert Buddhist Cooncil oot o tot sax Buddhist Cooncils teuk place in Jalandhar in the first century AD durin the reign o King [[Kanishka]]. The fowert cooncil o [[Mahayana Buddhism]] teuk place here, an placed Buddha as a God at the cooncil.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book| author=Hugh Tinker| title=South Asia: A Short History| url=https://archive.org/details/southasiashorthi0000unse| publisher=Frederick A. Praeger| year=1966}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jalandhar became the seat o [[Nath]] muivement frae 8t tae 10t century AD, ane o its greatest saunt wis Jalandhar Nath, whose [[samadhi]] later became the steid o the existin shrine o Imam Nasir-ud-din Chishti in the fifteent century.&lt;ref&gt;[http://punjabgovt.nic.in/tourism/Jalandhar.htm Jalandhar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811075535/http://punjabgovt.nic.in/tourism/Jalandhar.htm |date=2010-08-11 }} [[Govrenment]] o [[Punjab, Indie]] wabsteid&lt;/ref&gt; Frae the later hauf o the tent century up tae AD 1019, the destrict wis includit in the Shahi Kinrick o the Punjab an Jalandhar wis an important ceity in the region. In aboot 1188 it fell tae the control o Ibrahim Shah o Ghor.&lt;ref name=NIC/&gt; Unner the Mughals Jalandhar wis the caipital o a [[Sarkar (kintra subdiveesion)|sarkar]].&lt;ref name=&quot;IGI231&quot;/&gt;

In 1758 Maharaja Ghamand Chand o the [[Katoch]] dynasty wis made the (first iver Rajput) Nizam o Jalandhar bi the [[Durrani Empire|Durranis]]. Mony Rajputs lived in an aroond the surroondin auries o Jalandhar afore the pairtition in 1947. Wi the pairtition o the kintra, mony lik the Manj an Rawal Rajputs went tae settle in the Pakistan side o the Punjab, whilst some went tae ither kintras.

Jalandhar wis captured bi the [[Sikh]]s in 1757 an captured bi the Faizullahpuria confederacy in 1766. [[Ranjit Singh]] annexed it in 1811, an in 1846 Jalandhar became the heidquarters o the territory acquired bi the [[Breetish Empire|Breetish]] efter the first [[First Anglo-Sikh War]]s.&lt;ref name=&quot;IGI231&quot;/&gt; Durin [[Breetish Raj|Breetish rule]] Jalandhar became the heidquarters, o the Diveesion an Destrict o the same name. Durin 1939 tae 1945, C.M. Ormerod wis the Deputy Commissioner o Jalandhar destrict. He wis in chairge o Land Revenue depairtment an chairman o Destrict Buird tae admeenister Roads, Hospitals, an schuils in the fower subdiveesion o Jalandhar destrict, namely Jalandhar, Nakodar, Philaur, an Nawanshahr. Destrict Buird wis componed o committee members nominatit bi DC frae each subdiveesion. The secretary o the Destrict Buird wis Sardar Narinder Singh frae veelage Shankar an prominent members wur Sardar Santa Singh Zaildar  frae Jalandhar subdiveesion an Sardar Gurbachan Singh Zaildar frae veelage Garhpadhana subdiveesion Nawanshahr. The last commissioner o Jalandhar in 1949 wis Mr Fletcher afore an Indie naitional teuk ower this poseetion. In 1947 wi the unthirldom an [[pairtition o Indie]] the [[Muslim]] population left for [[Pakistan]] while [[Hindu]]s an [[Sikh]]s arrived frae the ither direction.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.dawn.com/weekly/review/archive/030814/review9.htm |title=Refuge in memories - Dawn |access-date=2011-10-08 |archive-date=2008-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207081656/http://www.dawn.com/weekly/review/archive/030814/review9.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Geography ==
The ceity haes a [[humid subtropical climate]] wi ceul winters an het simmers. Simmers last frae Aprile tae Juin an winters frae November tae Februar. Temperaturs in the simmer vary frae average heichs o aroond 48&amp;nbsp;°C (118&amp;nbsp;°F) tae average laws o aroond 25&amp;nbsp;°C (77&amp;nbsp;°F). Winter temperaturs vary frae heichs o 19&amp;nbsp;°C (66&amp;nbsp;°F) tae laws o −5&amp;nbsp;°C (23&amp;nbsp;°F). The climate is dry on the whole, except durin the brief soothwast monsoon saison durin Julie an August. The average annual rainfaw is aboot 70&amp;nbsp;cm.

== Economy ==
[[File:Jalandhar Bus Stand.JPG|thumb|Jalandhar Bus Stand]]
Jalandhar haes numerous hospitals, includin Mahajan Ee Hospital, Thind Ee Hospital, Patel Hospital, Tagore Hospital, Lajwanti Hospital, Oxford Hospital, Pruthi Hospital, Guru Nanak Mission Hospital, Ruby Hospital, an Ghai Hospital. Awtho each hospital haes its awn identity, Mahajan Ee Hospital an Thind Ee Hospital are on the warld cairt for thair [[Lasik]] treatments. Jalandhar is the warld's biggest manufacturer o leather tuil [[pouch]]es an [[apron]]s an aw; major American an European customers buy frae factories in Jalandhar. It is the biggest suppleer o sports material in the kintra. Jalandhar wis a hub o the Gandhi govrenment's green revolution o Indie in the early 1960s. Dr. Dilbag Singh Athwal, a renouned scientist in plant breedin, developed Indie's first heich-yield wheat, Kalyan. The wheat he named efter his native veelage [[Kalyanpur]], 6 mile (9.7&amp;nbsp;km) soothwast o Jalandhar. Later, Dr. Athwal heidit the Internaitional Rice Research Institute an the Internaitional Agricultural Development Service. Dr. Athwal teuk early retirement frae his poseetion as senior vice preses [[Rockefeller Institute]]. The veelage Kalyanpur (nou pairt o Jalandhar) haes produced prominent scientists includin Dr. Raghbir Singh, Dr. [[Rajbir Kaur]], an Dr. [[Iqbal Singh Athwal]]. Jalandhar haes an electrical guids industry an aw. Manufacturers lik Hazel India, Standard Switchgears an Apex Electricals are locatit in Jalandhar. An internaitional sports mercat is situatit in Jalandhar. Major sports brands sic as BAS Vampire, Bhaseen's Baspo, JJ Jonex, an Syndicate Sports come frae this pairt o the warld.
Jalandhar is ken for thrust bearins an ball bearins an aw; braunds sic as BKE, IBI an KKK belang tae the ceity.

Posh Localities: Master Mota Singh Nagar, Model Toun, Jawahar Nagar &amp; Udham Singh Nagar

== Demographics ==
The first leid o maist fowk in the ceity is [[Punjabi leid|Punjabi]]. Punjabi is the offeecial leid o the ceity o Jalandhar. Due tae warm an enterprisin natur o Punjabis, fowk frae different culturs are settlin here, enrichin the ceity wi new leids sic as Hindi, Inglis, Rajasthani, Himachali etc.

== Media ==
The ceity serves as the region's heidquarters for newspapers, naitional televeesion an radio stations.
*Daily Nawan Zamana
*Rozana Ajit (Daily Ajit)
*Akali Patrika
*Amar Ujala
*[[Dainik Jagran]]
*Dainik Bhaskar
*[[Punjab Kesari]]
*Jagbani
*Hind Samachar (Urdu)
*Doaba Headlines
*[[Hindustan Times]]
*[[The Tribune]]

Local radio stations include:
*[[Radio Mantra]] 91.9FM
*[[Radio Mirchi]] 98.3FM
*94.3 [[My fm]]
*[[BIG FM 92.7]]
*[[All India Radio]] 102.7FM

== Eddication ==
{{Main|Leet o eddicational institutions in Panjab}}

Jalandhar ceity haes a big beuk mercat whaur a variety o beuks can be bought or sauld. This mercat aurie is kent as Main Hira Gate or Adda Tanda Road.
Modren Beuk Depot, Subhash Beuk Depot an Gupta Beuk Depot are some o the auldest beukshops.
Thare are mony learnin centres an aw, sic as Institute o Banking Services (IBS).

== Jalandhar Cantonment ==
[[File:29 Mar 2008 Go Karting Jalandhar Cantt by gopal1035 017.jpg|thumb|Vajra Go Karting, which is open tae ceevilians an aw, is a big attraction.]]
[[File:Camps National Cadet Corps India.jpg|thumb|Cantonment (cried Cantt an aw) is dottit wi biggins datin back tae Breetish era.]]
Construction on [[Jalandhar Cantonment]] began in 1848. It is notable no anerlie for its age, as it amang the auldest [[cantonment]]s in the kintra, but for its proximity tae Pakistan an aw. It figured in the [[The Connaught Rangers#Mutiny in Indie, 1920|1920 Connaught Rangers mutiny]] when [[Erse fowk|Erse]] sodgers replaced the [[Union Banner]] wi the [[Erse Republic]]'s [[Banner o Ireland|banner]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://jalandhar.nic.in/html/cities_towns_jalandhar_cantt.htm | title = Jalandhar Cantt | publisher = National Informatics Centre | accessdate = 2009-04-01 | archive-date = 2009-04-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090403024712/http://jalandhar.nic.in/html/cities_towns_jalandhar_cantt.htm | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Villages aroond Jalandhar ==
[[Sansarpur]], Jamsher Khas, [[Talhan]], [[Salempur Masanda]], [[Parasrampur]], [[Gillaan]], [[Gakhal]] an [[Kukar Pind]] Patara, [[Sarai-khas]]. Wariana. Heerapur, Hailer, Rajowal, Sangalsohl, Mand. Nagra, Nandanpur, Mirpur, Kotli, Gazipur, Fateh Jalaal, Soora, Nussi, Lambra, Rasoolpur, Talwandi Bharo, Hairan, Parjian, Malian, Uggi, Chitti, Khaira Majha, Pattar Kalan, Pattarkhurd, Nangal Manoor, Mudh, Sial, Sarhali, Lammapind, Shekha, Dhogri, Chuhrowali, Kalabakra, Daroli kalan, Diwali, Dhina, Salempur, Talwan, Jandiala, Sangha Khalsa, Bhagala, RamaMandi, Dakoha, Dhannowali, Ladhewali, Littran, Shafipur, Chachoki, Jandusingha, Singhpura. Daduwal, Semi, Khajurla, Bidhipur/Gopalpur, Khusropur, Takharan.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* Dr Harjinder Singh Dilgeer, ''Encyclopedia of Jalandhar'', 2004, published bi The Sikh Varsity Press Belgium.

== Freemit airtins ==
{{commonscat}}
*{{Official|http://jalandhar.nic.in}}
*[http://www.jalandhar1.com/ Jalandhar1.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120822132207/http://www.jalandhar1.com/ |date=2012-08-22 }}
*[http://www.casas.org.uk/papers/jullundur.html Paper aboot the Jalandhari presence in the UK, Centre for Applied South Asian Studies (CASAS)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120718052050/http://www.casas.org.uk/papers/jullundur.html |date=2012-07-18 }}

{{Jalandhar destrict}}
{{Panjab (Indie state)|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Jalandhar| ]]
[[Category:Ceities an touns in Jalandhar destrict]]
[[Category:Railwey junction stations in Indie]]</text>
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    <title>Caerphilly Coonty Burgh</title>
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      <text bytes="4539" sha1="fbvwjv6rfoncr5fyz4rxspajo6celj8" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;toccolours&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;260&quot;
|+ &lt;big&gt;'''Caerphilly County Borough'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''''Bwrdeistref Sirol Caerffili''&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; background: white;&quot;|[[File:Wales Caerphilly locator map.svg|250px]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;&quot;|Geography
|-
! style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot; | '''[[Surface aurie|Aurie]]'''&lt;br /&gt;- Total&lt;br /&gt;- % Watter
|[[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi aurie|Ranked 18t]]&lt;br /&gt;278 km²&lt;br /&gt;0 %
|-
!Admeen HQ
|[[Hengoed]]
|-
![[ISO 3166-2:GB|ISO 3166-2]]
|GB-CAY
|-
![[ONS codin seestem|ONS code]]
|00PK
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;&quot;|Demographics
|-
! style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot; | '''[[Population]]''':&lt;br /&gt;- Total ({{Welsh council population|TXT=Year}})&lt;br /&gt;- [[Densitie]]&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;
|[[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi population|Ranked {{Welsh council population|RNK=00PK}}]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Welsh council population|POP=00PK}}&lt;br /&gt;[[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi population densitie|Ranked {{Welsh council population|DRK=00PK}}]]&lt;br /&gt;{{Welsh council population|DEN=00PK}} / km²
|-
!Ethnicity
|98.8% White.
|-
! style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot; | '''[[Welsh leid]]'''&lt;br /&gt;- Ony skills
|[[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi percentage Welsh leid|Ranked 17t]]&lt;br /&gt;16.8%
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;&quot;|Politics
|-
|colspan=2 align=center|Caerphilly County Borough Council&lt;br&gt;http://www.caerphilly.gov.uk/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223150657/http://www.caerphilly.gov.uk/ |date=2021-02-23 }}
|-
!Control
|{{Welsh council control|ONS=00PK}}
|-
![[MPs electit in the UK general election, 2010|MPs]]
|
*[[Wayne David]]
*[[Dai Havard]]
*[[Chris Evans (UK politeecian)|Chris Evans]]
|}

'''Caerphilly''' ({{lang-cy|Caerffili}}) is a [[coonty burgh#Wales|coonty burgh]] in soothren [[Wales]], straddlin the [[Historic coonties o Wales|auncient coonty bundary]] atween [[Glamorgan]] an [[Monmouthshire]].

Its main toun is [[Caerphilly]], an the lairgest an aw. Ither touns in the coonty burgh are [[Bedwas]], [[Risca]], [[Ystrad Mynach]], [[Newbridge, Caerphilly|Newbridge]], [[Blackwood, Wales|Blackwood]], [[Bargoed]], [[New Tredegar]] an [[Rhymney]].

==History==
The coonty burgh wis formit on 1 Aprile 1996 bi the merger o the [[Rhymney Valley (destrict)|Rhymney Valley]] destrict o [[Mid Glamorgan]] wi the [[Islwyn]] burgh o [[Gwent (coonty)|Gwent]].

==Govrenment==
The region is govrened bi [[Caerphilly Coonty Burgh Cooncil]].

==Eddication==

Seicondary schuils in Caerphilly Coonty Burgh:

*[[Bedwas High School]], [[Bedwas]]
*[[Blackwood Comprehensive School]], [[Blackwood, Caerphilly|Blackwood]]
*[[Cwmcarn High School]], [[Cwmcarn]]
*[[Heolddu Comprehensive School]], [[Bargoed]]
*[[Lewis Girls Comprehensive School]], [[Hengoed]]
*[[Lewis School Pengam]], Bargoed
*[[Newbridge Comprehensive School]], [[Newbridge, Caerphilly|Newbridge]]
*[[Oakdale Comprehensive School]], [[Oakdale, Caerphilly| Oakdale]]
*[[Pontllanfraith Comprehensive School]], [[Pontllanfraith]]
*[[Rhymney Comprehensive School]], [[Rhymney]]
*[[Risca Community Comprehensive School]], [[Risca]]
*[[St Martin's Comprehensive School]], [[Caerphilly]]
*[[St Cennydd Comprehensive School]], Caerphilly
*[[Ysgol Gyfun Cwm Rhymni]], Blackwood (Welsh leid)

==See an aw==
*[[Leet o places in Caerphilly Coonty Burgh]] for a leet o touns an veelages

==Freemit airtins==
* [http://www.caerphilly.gov.uk Caerphilly Council offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223150657/http://www.caerphilly.gov.uk/ |date=2021-02-23 }}
*{{dmoz|Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom/Wales/Caerphilly_County_Borough}}
* [http://www.mentercaerffili.org Menter Iaith Sir Caerffili] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501163309/http://www.mentercaerffili.org/ |date=2016-05-01 }} the [[Menter Iaith|Welsh Language Initiative]] for Caerphilly County Borough
* [http://www.visitcaerphilly.com/ Visit Caerphilly] Tourism steid bi the local authority
* [http://www.caerphillynet.co.uk/ Caerphilly Net] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830112801/http://www.caerphillynet.co.uk/ |date=2009-08-30 }} News steid for the borough

{{Wales subdiveesions}}
{{Caerphilly}}

[[Category:Caerphilly Coonty Burgh| ]]
[[Category:Glamorgan]]
[[Category:Principal auries o Wales]]
[[Category:Coonty burghs o Wales]]

{{Stub/Wales}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sooth Yorkshire</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="3667" sha1="5q5smylhzc8zqjteu6hc4h5lg3q15q4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Ingland coonty
 | name = Sooth Yorkshire
 | motto =
 | map = [[File:South Yorkshire UK locator map 2010.svg|200px|South Yorkshire within England]] &lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Shown athin [[Ingland]]''&lt;/small&gt;
 | status = [[Metropolitan coonty]] and&lt;br&gt;[[Ceremonial coonties o Ingland|ceremonial coonty]]
 | origin = 1 Aprile 1974&lt;ref name=LGFSE16&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.local.odpm.gov.uk/finance/stats/lgfs/2005/lgfs16/h/lgfs16/annex_a.html|title=Local Government Finance Statistics England No.16|author=[[Office of the Deputy Prime Minister]]|publisher=local.odpm.gov.uk|date=|access-date=10 Julie 2012|archive-date=5 Julie 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070705182510/http://www.local.odpm.gov.uk/finance/stats/lgfs/2005/lgfs16/h/lgfs16/annex_a.html|url-status=dead}} Retrieved on 21&amp;nbsp;Februar 2008.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;([[Local Government Act 1972]])&lt;/small&gt;
 | region = [[Yorkshire and the Humber]]
 | arearank = [[Leet o ceremonial coonties o Ingland bi aurie|Rankit 38t]]
 | area_km2 = 1552
 | adminhq = [[Barnsley]] (1974-1986)
 | ons = 2C
 | nutscode = 3
 | nuts3 = UKE3
 | poprank = [[Leet o ceremonial coonties o Ingland bi population|Rankit 10t]]
 | popestdate = 2007
 | pop = 1,299,400
 | density_km2 = 838
 | adminpoprank = &lt;!-- OPTIONAL, REMOVE LINE IF NOT NEEDED --&gt;
 | adminpop = &lt;!-- OPTIONAL, REMOVE LINE IF NOT NEEDED --&gt;
 | ethnicity = 95.0% White&lt;br&gt;2.6% S.Asie&lt;br&gt;2.4% Black
 | council = ''No county council''&lt;br&gt;[[South Yorkshire Joint Secretariat]]&lt;br&gt;http://www.southyorks.gov.uk/
 | mps = *[[Kevin Barron]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Clive Betts]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Paul Blomfield]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Sarah Champion]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Caroline Flint]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Gill Furniss]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Louise Haigh]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[John Healey]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Dan Jarvis]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Ed Miliband]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Jared O'Mara]] (Independent)
*[[Stephanie Peacock]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Angela Christine Smith|Angela Smith]] [[Labour Party (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Rosie Winterton]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
 | subdivname = Metropolitan Burghs
 | subdivmap = [[Image:SouthYorkshireNumbered.png]]
 | subdivs =
#[[Sheffield]]
#[[Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham|Rotherham]]
#[[Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster|Doncaster]]
#[[Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley|Barnsley]]
}}
'''Sooth Yorkshire''' ({{lang-en|South Yorkshire}}) is a [[metropolitan coonty]] in the [[Yorkshire an the Humber]] region o Ingland. It haes a population o [[Leet o ceremonial coonties o Ingland bi population|1.29&amp;nbsp;million]]. It consists o fower [[metropolitan burgh]]s: [[Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley|Barnsley]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster|Doncaster]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham|Rotherham]], an [[Sheffield|City of Sheffield]]. Sooth Yorkshire wis creatit on 1 Aprile 1974 as a result o the [[Local Govrenment Act 1972]].&lt;ref name=LGFSE16/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Arnold-Baker, C., ''Local Government Act 1972'', (1973)&lt;/ref&gt;

==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Freemit airtins==
{{Commons category}}
*http://www.southyorks.gov.uk/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114093720/http://southyorks.gov.uk/ |date=14 Januar 2022 }}
*{{dmoz|Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom/England/South_Yorkshire}}

{{Sooth Yorkshire}}
{{Yorkshire}}
{{Yorkshire an the Humber}}
{{Ingland coonties}}
{{Metropolitan coonties an metropolitan destricts}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Metropolitan coonties]]
[[Category:Sooth Yorkshire|*]]
[[Category:Metropolitan auries o Ingland]]
[[Category:Coonties o Ingland established in 1974]]</text>
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    <title>Córdoba, Colombie</title>
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      <text bytes="11115" sha1="8sn5c32rieopqa6q670gcjcanud8r3p" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Depairtment o Córdoba
| native_name             = Departamento de Córdoba
| native_name_lang        = es&lt;!-- ISO 639-2 code --&gt;
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Colombie|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           =
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           =
| image_flag              = Flag of Córdoba.svg
| flag_alt                =
| image_shield            = Escudo de Córdoba (Colombia).svg
| shield_alt              =
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
| anthem                  =
| image_map               = Cordoba in Colombia (mainland).svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Córdoba shown in red
| coordinates             = {{coord|8|45|N|75|53|W|region:CO_type:adm2nd|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Colombie}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[Natural regions o Colombie|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Caribbean Natural Region, Colombie|Caribbean Region]]
| parts_type              = Lairgest ceety
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      =
| established_title       = Established
| established_date        = 18 Juin 1952
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Provinces o Colombie|Provinces]]
| blank_info_sec1         =
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipalities]]
| blank1_info_sec1        = 30
| founder                 =
| named_for               =
| seat_type               = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]]
| seat                    = [[Montería]]
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            =
| leader_title            = Govrenor
| leader_name             = [[Marta del Socorro Sáenz Correa]]
| unit_pref               = Metric&lt;!-- or US or UK --&gt;
| area_footnotes          =
| area_total_km2          = 25020
| area_rank               = [[Leet o Colombie depairtments bi aurie|15]]
| area_land_km2           =
| area_water_km2          =
| area_water_percent      =
| area_note               =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| population_footnotes    = &lt;ref&gt;http://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2005/regiones/cordoba/cordoba.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_total        = 1472699
| population_as_of        = 2005
| population_rank         = [[Leet o Colombie depairtments bi population|9]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         =
| timezone1               = [[UTC-05]]
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          =
| area_code               =
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:CO|CO-COR]]
| website                 = [http://www.cordoba.gov.co/ www.cordoba.gov.co]
| footnotes               =
}}

'''Córdoba''' is a [[depairtments o Colombie|depairtment]] o the Republic o [[Colombie]] locatit tae the north o this kintra in the Colombie [[Caribbean Region]]. Córdoba faces tae the north wi the [[Caribbean Sea]], tae the northeast wi [[Sucre, Colombie|Sucre]], east wi the [[Bolívar, Colombie|Bolívar]] an sooth wi [[Antioquia]]. Its caipital is the ceety o [[Montería]].

==Airmit conflict==
{{main|Colombian airmit conflict (1960s–present)}}

Cordoba is considered a conflict zone due tae the heich amoont o paramilitaries an drog trokers active in the region. As o 2011 a nummer o airmit neo-paramilitar groups control lairge pairts o Cordoba, amang them [[Aguilas Negras]], the Usuga Clan an [[Los Rastrojos]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.verdadabierta.com/component/content/article/202-conflicto-hoy/2330-cordoba-despues-de-los-paras |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-07-30 |archive-date=2012-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324235217/http://www.verdadabierta.com/component/content/article/202-conflicto-hoy/2330-cordoba-despues-de-los-paras |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Paramilitar drog gangs are thocht tae be responsible for ower 500 murthers in Cordoba in 2010, effectively makkin this region ane o the maist violent in Colombie.&lt;ref name=&quot;colombiareports.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/16429-no-end-in-sight-for-north-colombia-violence-report.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-07-30 |archive-date=2012-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325105839/http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/16429-no-end-in-sight-for-north-colombia-violence-report.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The victims o violence are aften those who fecht tae reclaim land that haes been stolen bi the paramilitars. accordin tae reports mony victims are aften o afro-Colombie or indengenous strynd. Awtho the paramilitaries retain a firm hauld ower lairge land estates, aften in greement wi corrupt local govrenment offeecials, the guerrilla muivements [[FARC]] an [[ELN]] hae a presence here an aw.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://elespectador.com/noticias/judicial/articulo-260185-cuatro-guerrilleros-abatidos-combates-el-nudo-de-paramillo |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-07-30 |archive-date=2012-07-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120729064020/http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/judicial/articulo-260185-cuatro-guerrilleros-abatidos-combates-el-nudo-de-paramillo |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The lairgest concentration o FARC guerillas are locatit in the border regions wi Antioqia an Bolívar, while thair paramilitar enemies are estimatit tae be in control o Cordoba's mair central regions. The violence in Cordoba became hivily publiscidit when twa varsity students frae Bogotá wur assassinatit bi drog runners while takkin photos on a Caribbean beach in Januar 2011,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/13689-gangs-suspected-in-students-deaths.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-07-30 |archive-date=2012-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325105853/http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/13689-gangs-suspected-in-students-deaths.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; awtho critics pynt oot that the killins o afro-Colombies an indigenous fowk aften go bi unnotit bi the media.&lt;ref name=&quot;colombiareports.com&quot;/&gt;

==Municipalities==
Córdoba is made up o 30 municipalities an main touns:
{{Div col|cols=2}}
# [[Ayapel]]
# [[Buenavista, Córdoba|Buenavista]]
# [[Canalete]]
# [[Cereté]]
# [[Chimá]]
# [[Chinú]]
# [[Ciénaga de Oro]]
# [[Cotorra]]
# [[La Apartada]]
# [[Santa Cruz de Lorica|Lorica]]
# [[Los Córdobas]]
# [[Momil]]
# [[Monitos]]
# [[Montelíbano]]
# '''[[Montería]]'''
# [[Planeta Rica]]
# [[Pueblo Nuevo, Córdoba|Pueblo Nuevo]]
# [[Puerto Escondido, Córdoba|Puerto Escondido]]
# [[Puerto Libertador]]
# [[Purísima]]
# [[Sahagún, Córdoba|Sahagún]]
# [[San Andrés de Sotavento]]
# [[San Antero]]
# [[San Bernardo del Viento]]
# [[San Carlos, Córdoba|San Carlos]]
# [[San José de Uré]]
# [[San Pelayo]]
# [[Tierralta]]
# [[Tuchín]]
# [[Valencia, Córdoba|Valencia]]
{{Div col end}}

==Govrenors o Córdoba==
[[Image:Monteria1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|View o '''Montería''' frae the Sinu river.]]
[[Image:Atardecersinuano.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Valley o the Sinu river]]

The [[Congress o Colombie]] appruivit bi Law 9 on 17 December 1951 which creatit the Depairtment o Córdoba an later sanctioned bi the then [[Preses o Colombie]] [[Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez]], but anerlie came intae effect sax month later.

Accordin tae the [[Colombie Constitution o 1991]] the executive pouer for this region will be vestit in a single individual electit bi popular vote (stairtin frae 1991, govrenors wur previously appointit bi the Preses o Colombie) an will be cried govrenor o the Córdoba Depairtment.

# Remberto Burgos Puche (Preses Organizational Committee) 18 Juin 1952 tae 22 August 1952
# Manuel Antonio Buelvas Cabrales 23 August 1952 tae 7 October 1953
# Miguel García Sánchez 8 October 1953 tae 10 Mey 1957
# Eusebio Cabrales Pineda 10 Mey 1957 tae 17 Januar 1958
# Eugenio Giraldo Revueltas 18 Januar 1958 tae 5 September 1958
# José Jiménez Altamiranda 6 September 1958 14 Julie 1960
# Remberto Burgos Puche 15 Julie 1960 tae 6 October 1962
# José Miguel Amín Araque 6 October 1962 tae 14 Mairch 1963
# Germán Bula Hoyos 15 Mairch 1963 tae 4 October. 1964
# Ramón Berrocal Failach 4 October 1964 tae 25 August 1966
# Amaury García Burgos 26 August 1966 tae 4 September 1968
# Alfonso Ordosgoitia Yarzagaray 5 September 1968 tae 13 Mairch 1969
# Álvaro Sotomayor Macea 14 Mairch 1969 tae 2 November 1969
# Eugenio Giraldo Revueltas 3 November 1969 tae 31 August 1970
# Amaury García Burgos 31 August 1970 tae 12 Julie 1971
# Germán Bula Hoyos 12 Julie 1971 tae 25 Mey 1972
# Donaldo Cabrales Anaya 26 Mey 1972 tae 15 August 1974
# Casio Obregón Nieto 16 August 1974 tae 13 Mairch 1975
# Néstor Padrón Guzmán 14 Mairch 1975 tae 7 November 1975
# José María Cabrales 7 November 1975 tae 25 Januar 1977
# Libardo López Gómez 25 Januar 1977 tae 27 October 1977
# Ramón Martínez Vallejo 28 October 1977 tae 25 August 1978
# Alfonso De la Espriella Espinosa 25 August 1978 tae 6 Juin 1980
# Camilo Jiménez Villalba 6 Juin 1980 tae 25 Mairch 1981
# Gastón Berrocal Canabal 25 Mairch 1981 tae 27 Julie 1981
# Simón Gómez Villadiego 28 Julie 1981 tae 3 September 1981 (interim)
# Ramiro Sánchez Kerguelén 4 September 1981 tae 26 August 1982
# Julio César Zapateiro Rodríguez 27 August 1982 tae 9 August 1984
# Camilo Jiménez Villalba 10 August 1984 tae 28 Januar 1985
# Fernando Salas Calle 29 Januar 1985 tae 21 August 1986
# Héctor Lorduy Rodríguez 22 August 1986 tae 17 Juin 1987
# José Gabriel Amín Manzur 18 Juin 1987 tae 10 Januar 1990
# Raúl Quintero Lyons 4 Januar 1989 tae 15 Januar 1989 (Interim)
# Fredy Sánchez Arteaga 11 Januar 1990 tae 22 August 1990
# Jorge Ramón Elías Náder 23 August 1990 tae 11 Juin 1991
# Carlos Henao Gallo 12 Juin 1991 tae 30 Julie 1991 (Interim)
# Luciano Lepesquer Gossaín 30 Julie 1991 tae 31 December 1991
# Jorge Manzur Jattin 1 Januar 1992 tae 19 Januar 1994 (First popularly elected governor)
# Javier Jiménez Amín 20 Januar 1994 tae 10 October 1994 (Interim); 11 October 1994 tae 31 December 1994
# Carlos Buelvas Aldana 1 Januar 1995 tae 31 December 1997
# Ángel Villadiego Hernández 1 Januar 1998 tae 31 December 2000
# Jesús María López Gómez 1 Januar 2001 tae 31 December 2003
# Libardo José López Cabrales 1 Januar 2004 tae 17 Aprile 2006
# Jaime Torralvo Suárez 17 Aprile 2006 tae 22 Juin 2006
# Libardo José López Cabrales 22 Juin 2006 tae 31 December 2007
# Marta del Socorro Sáenz Correa 1 Januar 2008

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Freemit airtins==
* {{es icon}} [http://www.cordoba.gov.co/ Govrenment o Cordoba offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040806041333/http://www.cordoba.gov.co/ |date=2004-08-06 }}

{{commons|Córdoba (departamento)}}
{{Depairtments o Colombie}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cordoba Depairtment}}
[[Category:Córdoba, Colombie| ]]
[[Category:Caribbean region o Colombie]]
[[Category:Depairtments o Colombie]]
[[Category:States an territories established in 1952]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Gangnam Style</title>
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      <text bytes="48020" sha1="9u2who1on2ve0sk1dg1lpqpo72w9bbj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox single &lt;!-- See Wikipedia: WikiProject_Songs --&gt;
| Name          = Gangnam Style
| Cover         = Gangnam Style Official Cover.png
| Artist        = [[PSY]]
| Album         = [[PSY 6 (Six Rules), Part 1]]
| Released      = {{Start date|2012|07|15}}
| Format        = [[CD single]], [[muisic dounlaid|digital dounlaid]]
| Recorded      =
| Genre         = [[K-pop]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Fisher|first=Max|title=Visual music: How 'Gangnam Style' exploited K-pop's secret strength and overcame its biggest weakness|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2012/10/18/visual-music-how-gangnam-style-exploited-k-pops-secret-strength-and-overcame-its-biggest-weakness/|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=2012-11-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Cochrane|first=Greg|title=Gangnam Style the UK's first K-pop number one|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/19658732|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2012-11-11}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Length        = {{Duration|m=3|s=39}}
| Label         = [[YG Entertainment|YG]], [[Universal Republic Records|Universal Republic]], [[Schoolboy Records|Schoolboy]]
| Writer        = [[PSY|Park Jae-Sang]], [[Yoo Gun-hyung]]&lt;ref name=billboard1007965212&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14288307 |title=Rap Songs 2012-10-20 |work=[[Billboard magazine|Billboard]] |date=October 1, 2012 |accessdate=2012-10-12 |archive-date=2012-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202220541/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14288307 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!--- Billboard rap chart shows: P. Jae-Sang, Y. Gun-Hyung ---&gt;
| Producer      = Park Jae-Sang, Yoo Gun-hyung&lt;ref&gt;{{cite album-notes |title=Gangnam Style |artist=[[PSY|Psy]] |year=2012 |url=http://www.discogs.com/viewimages?release=3945023 |publisher=[[Universal Republic]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Chronology    = PSY
| Last single   = &quot;Korea&quot;&lt;br /&gt;(2012)
| This single   = &quot;'''Gangnam Style'''&quot;&lt;br /&gt;(2012)
| Next single   = 
| Misc          = 
}}

&quot;'''Gangnam Style'''&quot; ({{lang-ko|강남스타일}}, {{IPA-ko|kaŋnam sɯtʰail|IPA}}) is a [[K-pop]] [[CD single|single]] by Sooth Korean musician [[PSY]]. The sang wis released on 15 Julie 2012, as the [[lead single]] o his saxt studio album ''[[PSY 6 (Six Rules), Part 1]]''. &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; debuted at nummer ane on the [[Gaon Chart]], the naitional record chairt o [[Sooth Korea]]. On 21 Dizember 2012, at aroond 3:50 [[UTC]], &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; became the first video in the history o the Internet tae be viewed mair nor 1 billion times.&lt;ref name=billboardbillion&gt;{{cite web|last=Gruger|first=William|title=PSY's 'Gangnam Style' Video Hits 1 Billion Views, Unprecedented Milestone |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/digital-and-mobile/psy-s-gangnam-style-video-hits-1-billion-1008059152.story|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=21 December 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; As o 21 Dizember 2012, the muisic video haes been viewed ower 1 billion times on [[YouTube]],&lt;ref name=officialvideo&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0 |title=PSY – GANGNAM STYLE (강남스타일) M/V |format=YouTube |author=officialpsy |authorlink=Psy (rapper) |date=2012-11-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; an is the steid's maist watched video efter surpassin [[Justin Bieber]]'s single &quot;[[Baby (Justin Bieber song)|Baby]].&quot;&lt;ref name=lipshutz1&gt;{{cite web |last=Lipshutz |first=Jason |title=PSY's 'Gangnam Style' Passes Justin Bieber's 'Baby' for YouTube Crown |url=http://www.billboard.com/news/psy-s-gangnam-style-passes-justin-bieber-1008026962.story |publisher=Billboard |accessdate=2012-11-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=currentyoutubecharts&gt;{{cite web |title=Charts - All categories - Most Viewed Videos - All Time | work=YouTube |url=http://www.youtube.com/charts/videos_views?t=a |accessdate=24 November 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Gangnam-Style-now-most-watched-video-on-YouTube/tabid/418/articleID/278067/Default.aspx |agency=Associated Press |work=3 News NZ |title=Gangnam Style now most-watched video on YouTube |date=2012-11-26 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The phrase &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; is a Korean [[neologism]] that refers tae a lifestyle associatit wi the [[Gangnam Destrict]] o [[Seoul]]. The sang an its accompanyin muisic video gaed [[viral video|viral]] in August 2012 an hae [[:en:Gangnam Style in popular culture|influencit popular cultur]] warldwide syne than. &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; receivit mixed tae positive reviews, wi praise goin tae its catchy beat an PSY's amusin dance muives (whilk thairsels hae acome a phenomenon) in the muisic video an durin live performances in various locations aroond the warld. On 20 September 2012, &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; wis recognisit bi ''[[Guinness World Records]]'' as the maist &quot;likit&quot; video in YouTube history.&lt;ref name=guinness&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2012/9/gangnam-style-now-most-liked-video-in-youtube-history-44977/ |title='Gangnam Style' holds guinness world record for most 'liked' video in youtube history |date=September 20, 2012 |accessdate=2012-09-21 |work=[[Guinness World Records]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; It subsequently wan [[2012 MTV Europe Music Awards#Best Video|Best Video]] at the [[MTV Europe Music Awards]] hudden later that year.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=2012 MTV EMA Winners |url=http://www.mtv.tv/news/2012-mtv-ema-winners/ |publisher=MTV |accessdate=2012-11-11}}&lt;/ref&gt; It became a springheid o [[parody|parodies]] an reaction videos bi mony different individuals, groups an organisations whiles inspirin flashmobs in [[Paris]], [[Roum]] an [[Milan]] wi tens o thoosans o pairticipants at ilka ane.

Bi the end o 2012, the sang haed toppit the muisic chairts o mair nor 30 kintras includin Australie, Canadae, Fraunce, Germany, Italy, Roushie, Spain, an the Unitit Kinrick. Awbeit the sang's reception in Japan remained lukewarm, the sang toppit Cheenae's [[Baidu 500]] dounlaid leet an wis labelled bi state-controlled media as haein a &quot;divine melody.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=洛阳版&quot;神曲&quot;《江南style》走红 演员全是网友 |language=Cheenese |url=http://www.ha.xinhuanet.com/zfwq/2012-10/17/c_113395295.htm |agency=Xinhua News Agency |accessdate=October 26, 2012 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6C48DpfCc?url=http://www.ha.xinhuanet.com/zfwq/2012-10/17/c_113395295.htm |archivedate=2012-11-10 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Psy《江南style》公告牌排名第11 &quot;马舞&quot;蔓延全球 |url=http://ent.people.com.cn/n/2012/0920/c86955-19062701.html |date=September 20, 2012 |accessdate=2012-09-25 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6C48zkyII?url=http://ent.people.com.cn/n/2012/0920/c86955-19062701.html |archivedate=2012-11-10 |newspaper=People's Daily |language=Cheenese |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Psy brings Gangnam Style to Oz |url=http://www.vmusic.com.au/pages/main-menu/news/latest-news/psy-brings-gangnam-style-to-oz |work=Channel V Australia |accessdate=2012-10-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

As the sang continued tae rapidly gain popularity an ubiquity, its signatur dance muives wur performit bi mony notable poleetical leaders sic as U.S. Preses [[Barack Obama]], the Breetish Prime Meenister [[David Cameron]], an UN Secretary-General [[Ban Ki-Moon]], whae hailed the sang as a &quot;force for warld peace&quot;.&lt;ref name=france24&gt;{{cite news
| title = Gangnam style gets UN stamp of approval
| url = http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hqwu350VB9N5aQa2ueSrYqa-r4Ow?docId=CNG.130769094cf8bbda75b0c4e1cceda7aa.721
| agency = Agence France-Presse
| date = October 9, 2012
| accessdate = 2012-10-09
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140228125530/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hqwu350VB9N5aQa2ueSrYqa-r4Ow?docId=CNG.130769094cf8bbda75b0c4e1cceda7aa.721
| archivedate = 2014-02-28
| url-status = live
}}&lt;/ref&gt; The sang's influence on poleetical activism wis exemplifee'd bi the cutty film ''[[Gangnam for Freedom]]''. It wis producit bi the Breetish sculptor [[Anish Kapoor]] tae advocate the [[freedom o speech|freedom o expression]] an haed subsequently wan the support o various human richts organisations includin [[Index on Censorship]] an [[Amnesty International]].&lt;ref name=amnesty&gt;{{cite web |title=Anish Kapoor's Gangnam style youtube film for Ai WeiWei |url=http://www.amnesty.org.uk/news_details.asp?NewsID=20462 |publisher=Amnesty International UK |date=2012-11-21 |accessdate=2013-08-31}}&lt;/ref&gt; Accordin tae the Unitit Naitions' wittins diveesion, PSY haes acome an &quot;internaitional sensation&quot; throu his sang &quot;Gangnam Style&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=From Korean pop music to skydiving to Earth – not-your-typical diplomatic meetings for UN Secretary-General |url=http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=43373&amp;Cr=secretary-general&amp;Cr1=#.UJodaWddDLQ |publisher=United Nations |accessdate=2012-11-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Track leetin==
{{tracklist
|headline = Digital dounlaid
|title1   = Gangnam Style
|length1  = 3:37
}}
{{tracklist
|headline = German CD Single
|title1   = Gangnam Style
|length1  = 3:37
|title1   = Gangnam Style (Video)
|length1  = 4:13
}}

==Chairts performance==
The sang debuted at nummer sax on the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Korea K-Pop Hot 100]] for the week o 28 Julie 2012.&lt;ref name=Billboard-K-Pop-#6&gt;{{cite web |title=Korea K-Pop Hot 100, Week of 28 July 2012 |url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/k-pop-hot-100?chartDate=2012-07-28 |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |accessdate=2012-08-20 |archive-date=2012-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029011750/http://www.billboard.com/charts/k-pop-hot-100?chartDate=2012-07-28 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; It than toppit the chairt the week efter,&lt;ref name=Billboard-Benjamin/&gt; an remained at nummer ane for five weeks.&lt;ref name=Billboard-K-Pop&gt;{{cite web |title=Korea K-Pop Hot 100, Week of September 2, 2012 |url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/k-pop-hot-100#/charts/k-pop-hot-100?chartDate=2012-09-01 |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |accessdate=2012-08-25 |archive-date=2014-10-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009162738/http://www.billboard.com/charts/k-pop-hot-100#/charts/k-pop-hot-100?chartDate=2012-09-01 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; On the [[Gaon Single Chart]], the sang wis dounlaidit 816,000 times in its first week, an wis nummer ane for five weeks. {{As o|2012|09|22}}, the sang wis dounlaidit ower 2.8 million times in Sooth Korea.

In the Unitit States, &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; debuted at nummer 74 on ''Billboard'' [[Hot Digital Songs]] wi 23,000 dounlaids sauld in the week endin o 8 September 2012, an twa weeks later reached nummer 25 wi 61,000 dounlaids;&lt;ref name=bb0914&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/column/chartbeat#/column/chartbeat/weekly-chart-notes-psy-adds-style-to-the-1007949392.story |title=Weekly Chart Notes: Psy Adds 'Style' to the Hot 100 |first=Gary |last=Trust |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date=September 14, 2012 |accessdate=2012-09-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; previously, 57,000 copies wur dounlaidit in the US up tae 31 August.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/news/gangnam-style-helps-psy-dance-way-to-no-1007917752.story |title='Gangnam Style' Helps Psy Dance Way to No. 1 on Social 50 Chart |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |last=Gruger |first=William |date=August 31, 2012 |accessdate=2012-09-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; The sang rocketit tae nummer fower for the chairt week o 29 September, wi 188,000 dounlaids.&lt;ref name=BB11&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/column/chartbeat#/news/maroon-5-reaches-no-1-on-hot-100-with-one-1007953852.story |title=Maroon 5 Reaches No. 1 on Hot 100 with 'One More Night' |first=Gary |last=Trust |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date=September 19, 2012 |accessdate=2012-09-19}}&lt;/ref&gt; On the issue date o 22 September, it debuted at nummer 64 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], becomin the seicont K-pop sang tae enter the chairt ahint the [[Wonder Girls]]' &quot;[[Nobody (Wonder Girls sang)|Nobody]]&quot; in 2009. In the same week, &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; debuted on the ''Billboard'' Pop Songs at nummer 28 an aw.&lt;ref name=bb0914/&gt; &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; haed, bi 11 October, sauld ane million dounlaids in the US.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title='Gangnam Style' Reaches 1 Million Downloads in US |url=http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/376707/gangnam-style-reaches-1-million-downloads-in-us |newspaper=Manila Bulletin |publisher=Manila Bulletin Publishing |date=October 11, 2012 |accessdate=2012-10-20 |archive-date=2012-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014013509/http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/376707/gangnam-style-reaches-1-million-downloads-in-us |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; In its seicont week on the Hot 100, &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; rose tae nummer 11.&lt;ref name=BB11/&gt; In its third week on the chairt, &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; rose tae nummer twa, ahint &quot;[[One More Night (Maroon 5 soang)|One More Night]]&quot; bi [[Maroon 5]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/news/maroon-5-still-tops-hot-100-psy-one-step-1007959552.story|work=Billboard|title=Maroon 5 Still Tops Hot 100, PSY One Step from No. 1|first=Gary|last=Trust|date=September 26, 2012|accessdate=2012-09-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; For the week o 24 November, efter seiven weeks at nummer 2, the sang droppit tae nummer 5.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/news/maroon-5-s-one-more-night-ties-for-hot-100-1008015592.story|work=Billboard|title=Maroon 5's 'One More Night' Ties for Hot 100's Longest Lead This Year|first=Gary|last=Trust|date=November 14, 2012|accessdate=2012-11-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; For the week o Dizember 22, the sang fell frae nummer 10 tae nummer 11.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/news/bruno-mars-makes-heaven-ly-ascent-to-no-1008047142.story|work=Billboard|title=Bruno Mars Makes 'Heaven'-ly Ascent to No. 1 on Hot 100|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc.|first=Gary|last=Trust|date=2012-12-12|accessdate=2012-12-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;  The sang haes sauld 3,075,000 copies in the US as o Dizember 2012.&lt;ref name=&quot;yahoo dec2012&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart-watch/chart-watch-extra-top-songs-195035394.html |title=Chart Watch Extra: The Year’s Top Songs |author=Paul Grein |work=Chart Watch |publisher=Yahoo Music |date=December 19, 2012 |accessdate= December 19, 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

On 1 September 2012, &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; debuted on the [[UK Singles Chart]] at nummer 196;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.zobbel.de/cluk/120901cluk.txt |title=Chart Log UK: New Entries Update (1.09.2012 – week 34) |publisher=Zobbel.de |accessdate=2012-09-04 |author=Zywietz, Tobias}}&lt;/ref&gt; in its seicont week, the sang reached nummer 61. The next week, the sang rose up tae nummer 37. On 19 September, Greg James annooncit that the sang haed climbit 21 places tae nummer 16. On 21 September, the sang haed climbit frae 16 tae 6. The sang wis 22,000 copies ahint &quot;[[Hall of Fame (sang)|Hall of Fame]]&quot; bi [[The Script]] wi sales o &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; acceleratin bi a average o 20% ilka day that week.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/could-gangnam-style-hit-number-1-on-sunday-1601/ &quot;Could Gangnam Style Hit Number 1 on Sunday?&quot;] [[Official Charts Company]].&lt;/ref&gt; The sang eventually reached nummer three in its third week on the chairt.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kreisler 2012-09-26&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/gangnam-style-to-finally-conquer-the-uks-official-chart-1612/ |title=Gangnam Style to finally conquer the UK's Official Chart? |first=Lauren |last=Kreisler |publisher=The Official Charts Company |date=September 26, 2012 |accessdate=2012-09-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; The next midweek Official Chart Update, released on 26 September, indicatit that &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; wis on pace tae acome nummer ane on the next offeecial chairt, set for release on 30 September.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kreisler 2012-09-26&quot;/&gt; The sang, as projectit, reached the tap spot on the offeecial 30 September chairt, makkin it the first K-pop single tae dae sae.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kreisler 2012-09-30&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/gangnam-style-conquers-the-uk-officially-1614/ |title=Gangnam Style conquers the UK, officially |first=Lauren |last=Kreisler |publisher=The Official Charts Company |date=September 30, 2012 |accessdate=2012-09-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

On 21 August 2012, &quot;Gangnam Style&quot; chairtit nummer ane on the iTunes Music Video Charts, owertakkin Justin Bieber's &quot;[[As Long as You Love Me (Justin Bieber sang)|As Long as You Love Me]]&quot; an [[Katy Perry]]'s &quot;[[Wide Awake (Katy Perry sang)|Wide Awake]]&quot;; this feat is the first for ony Sooth Korean airtist.&lt;ref name=WSJ-Baseball&gt;{{cite news |title=Baseball Goes Gangnam Style |author=Woo, Jaeyeon |url=http://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2012/08/21/baseball-goes-gangnam-style/ |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |publisher=Dow Jones &amp; Company |date=August 21, 2012 |accessdate=2012-08-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Syne early September, the sang haes peakit on ''Billboard'''s YouTube Music Chart at nummer ane.&lt;ref name=Billboard-YouTube&gt;{{cite web |title=YouTube Music Chart, Week of 25 August 2012 |url=http://www.billboard.com/#/charts/youtube?chartDate=2012-08-25 |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |accessdate=2012-08-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Chairts an certifications==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

===Chairts===
{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|-
!Chart (2012–13)
!Peak&lt;br /&gt;poseetion
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Australia|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-09-30|refname=auschart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Austria|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-10-11|refname=autchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Flanders|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|refname=belflchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Wallonia|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|refname=belwachart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Bulgarie ([[Internaitional Federation o the Phonographic Industry|IFPI]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=AIRPLAY TOP 5- 08.10.2012|url=http://www.bamp-bg.org/en/2009-07-08-09-48-53/nmc-charts/322-08102012-14102012.html|publisher=Bulgarian Association of the music producers|accessdate=November 1, 2012|archive-date=2012-12-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202124846/http://www.bamp-bg.org/en/2009-07-08-09-48-53/nmc-charts/322-08102012-14102012.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Colombia ([[National-Report]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Top Nacional: Semana 45. Del 05-11-2012 al 11-11-2012 |url=http://www.national-report.com/forms/init100s.php |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6DWWB1ftL?url=http://national-report.com/forms/init100s.php |archivedate=2013-01-08 |language=Spanish |publisher=National-Report |access-date=2012-12-04 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|3
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Czech Republic|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|week=42|accessdate=2012-10-23|year=2012|refname=czechart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Denmark|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-09-21|refname=dnkchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Europe ([[Euro Deegital Sangs]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14124057 |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |accessdate=2012-10-06 |title=Chart Search Results – Euro Digital Songs 2012-10-06 |archive-date=2012-11-24 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121124104253/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14124057 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Finland|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-10-01|refname=finchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|France|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-10-08|refname=frachart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Germany|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style (2-track)|accessdate=2012-10-24|refname=gerchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | Greece Deegital Sangs ([[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'']])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Greece Billboard |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14123967 |accessdate=2012-09-29 |archive-date=2012-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202220535/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14123967 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot;|Honduras ([[Honduras Tap 50]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6BBwZQIyg?url=http://tiempo.hn/fuzion/top-50 |title=Top 50 |url=http://tiempo.hn/fuzion/top-50 |date=October 4, 2012 |archivedate=2012-10-05 |language=Spanish |work=Fuzion |publisher=[[El Tiempo (Honduras)|El Tiempo]] |access-date=2012-12-04 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Hungarydance|3|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|week=44|year=2012|accessdate=2012-11-07}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Hungary|6|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|week=43|year=2012|accessdate=2012-11-01|refname=hunchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Iceland ([[Tónlist]])&lt;ref name=&quot;icechart&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Netlistinn viku 41, 2012 |url=http://www.tonlist.is/Music/Chartlist/513/ |publisher=Tónlist |accessdate=2012-10-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|3
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Ireland|2|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|week=40|year=2012|accessdate=2012-10-25|refname=irlchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Israelairplay|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|week=40|year=2012|accessdate=2012-10-04}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Italy ([[Federation o the Italian Muisic Industry|FIMI]])&lt;ref name=&quot;itachart&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=FIMI – Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana|url=http://www.fimi.it/classifiche_result_digital.php?anno=2012&amp;mese=10&amp;id=381|publisher=Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana|accessdate=December 8, 2012|archive-date=2014-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531173348/http://www.fimi.it/classifiche_result_digital.php?anno=2012&amp;mese=10&amp;id=381|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Billboardjapanhot100|20|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2013-04-23|refname=canadianhot100}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Lebanon ([[The Offeecial Lebanese Tap 20|Lebanese Tap 20]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Lebanese Top 20 Charts |url=http://www.webcitation.org/6BUDhwoKF |publisher=The Official Lebanese Top 20 |date=October 14, 2012 |accessdate=2012-10-14 |archive-date=2013-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225144415/http://www.webcitation.org/6BUDhwoKF |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Luxembourg ([[Luxembourg Deegital Sangs|''Billboard'']])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Luxembourg Digital Songs 2012-10-13 |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14126057 |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |accessdate=2012-09-30 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6BD1kBMwq?url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14126057 |archivedate=2012-10-06 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|1
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot; |Mexican Airplay Chart (''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'')&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/albums/14126557 |title=Mexico Airplay |date=October 7, 2012 |work=Billboard |accessdate=2012-10-06 |archive-date=2012-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202220528/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/albums/14126557 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Mexico ([[Monitor Latino]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Top 20 General |url=http://radionotas.com/top-20/ml-mexico/ |language=Spanish |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6BgUDQeOK?url=http://radionotas.com/top-20/ml-mexico/ |archivedate=2012-10-25 |work=RadioNotas |publisher=Monitor Latino Media |access-date=2012-12-04 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Dutch40|1|year=2012|week=41|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Dutch100|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-12-01|refname=nldmegachart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|New Zealand|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-09-14|refname=nzchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Norway|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|week=39|year=2012|accessdate=2012-09-28|refname=norchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Poland ([[Polis Muisic Charts|Top 5 Video Airplay]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://zpav.pl/rankingi/listy/nielsen/video.php?idlisty=818 |title=Top 5 video |publisher=[[ZPAV]] |work=[[Polish Music Charts|Polish Video Chart]] |accessdate=2012-11-01 |archive-date=2013-04-16 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416120346/http://zpav.pl/rankingi/listy/nielsen/video.php?idlisty=818 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Polishdance|6|chartid=917}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | Portugal Digital Songs ([[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'']])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Portugal Billboard |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14287517 |work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |accessdate=2012-10-10 |archive-date=2012-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202221205/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14287517 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Romanie ([[Romanie Tap 100]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Airplay 100 (25 noiembrie 2012) |url=http://www.kissfm.ro/emisiuni/54/Airplay-100.html |publisher=[[Romanian Top 100]] |accessdate=2012-11-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|42
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot;|Roushie ([[Roushie Muisic Charts|2M]])&lt;ref&gt;[http://lenta.ru/articles/2012/12/07/chart/ Саботаж: Российские музыкальные чарты. Недели 47 и 48 – 2012]. [[Lenta.ru]]. [[Rambler Media Group]]&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Scotland|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|date=2012-10-06|accessdate=2012-09-30|refname=scochart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Slovakia|7|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|week=47|year=2012|accessdate=2012-11-27|refname=svkchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot;| South Korea ([[Gaon Single Chart|Gaon Digital Singles]])&lt;ref name=Gaon&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/total/list.gaon?nationGbn=T&amp;termGbn=week&amp;hitYear=2012&amp;targetTime=30 |title=South Korean Gaon Chart – Week: July 15, 2012 to July 21, 2012 |language=Korean |publisher=[[Gaon Chart]] |accessdate=2012-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot;| South Korea (''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Korea K-Pop Hot 100|K-Pop Hot 100]])&lt;ref name=Billboard-Benjamin&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/480682/fall-in-love-with-psys-gangnam-style-korean-rapper-goes-viral |title=Fall in Love with Psy's 'Gangnam Style' – Korean Rapper Goes Viral |last=Benjamin |first=Jeff |date=July 31, 2012 |work=[[Billboard magazine|Billboard]] |accessdate=2012-12-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|1
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Spain|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|year=2012|accessdate=2012-12-31|refname=espchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Sweden|2|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-09-23|refname=swechart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Switzerland|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-10-04|refname=suichart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|UK|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|date=2012-10-06|accessdate=2012-09-30|refname=ukchart}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Billboardhot100|2|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2012-10-15|artistid=1923937}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Billboardpopsongs|10|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2013-04-23}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Billboardrapsongs|1|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2013-04-23}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; {{singlechart|Billboarddanceclubplay|3|artist=Psy|song=Gangnam Style|accessdate=2013-04-23|refname=danceclubplay}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Venezuela Tap 100 ([[Record Report]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Top 100 |url=http://www.recordreport.com.ve/publico/?i=top100 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6BrM7CfPf?url=http://www.recordreport.com.ve/publico/?i=top100 |language=Spanish |work=[[Record Report]] |publisher=R.R. Digital C.A |date=November 3, 2012 |archivedate=2012-11-01 |access-date=2012-12-04 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;|47
|}
{{col-2}}

===Sales an certifications===
{{Certification Table Top}}
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Australia|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|number=10|certyear=2013|relyear=2012|certref=&lt;ref name=&quot;aria&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2013 Singles |url=http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupagesaria-charts-accreditations-singles-2013.htm |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |accessdate=2013-04-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;|autocat=yes}}
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Austria|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|number=2|certyear=2013|relyear=2012|autocat=yes|accessdate=2013-04-20}}
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Belgium|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|certyear=2013|relyear=2012|autocat=yes|accessdate=2012-10-19}}
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Canada|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|number=4|certyear=2012|relyear=2012|salesamount=320,000|autocat=yes|certref=&lt;ref name=&quot;musiccanada&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url=http://www.musiccanada.com/GPSearchResult.aspx?st=Gangnam+Style&amp;sa=Psy&amp;smt=0| title=Canadian single certifications – Psy – Gangnam Style| publisher=[[Music Canada]]| accessdate=2012-11-16| archive-date=2013-12-25| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225191630/http://www.musiccanada.com/GPSearchResult.aspx?st=Gangnam+Style&amp;sa=PSY&amp;smt=0| url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Denmark|type=single|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|number=2|certyear=2012|relyear=2012|relmonth=09|certref=&lt;ref name=&quot;ifpidnk&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Certificeringer {{!}} ifpi.dk |url=http://www.ifpi.dk/?q=certificeringer&amp;page=33 |publisher=[[IFPI Denmark]] |accessdate=2013-02-01 |language=Danish}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Germany|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Gowd|certyear=2012|relyear=2012|autocat=yes|accessdate=2012-12-11|certref=&lt;ref name=&quot;bvmi&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.musikindustrie.de/gold_platin_datenbank/?action=suche&amp;strTitel=Gangnam+Style&amp;strInterpret=Psy&amp;strTtArt=single&amp;strAwards=checked| title=Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Psy; 'Gangnam Style')| publisher=[[Bundesverband Musikindustrie]]| language=German}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Italy|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|number=2|certyear=2012|relyear=2012|certref=&lt;ref name=&quot;FIMI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Italian single certifications – Psy – Gangnam Style |url=http://www.fimi.it/temp/cert_GFK_download_512012.pdf |publisher=[[Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana]] |accessdate=2013-01-07 |archive-date=2013-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123160128/http://www.fimi.it/temp/cert_GFK_download_512012.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=New Zealand|type=single|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|number=4|certyear=2012|relyear=2012|id=2101|autocat=yes|certref=&lt;ref name=&quot;rianz&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/singles?chart=2110| title=New Zealand single certifications – Psy – Gangnam Style| publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]]| accessdate=2013-01-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Spain|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|certyear=2012|relyear=2012|autocat=yes|certref=&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=TOP 50 CANCIONES, SEMANA 03: del 14.01.2013 al 20.01.2013 |url=http://www.promusicae.es/files/listastonos/historial/TOP%2050%20CANCIONES%2013_03.pdf |publisher=[[PROMUSICAE]] |accessdate=2013-01-23 |archive-date=2013-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603040722/http://www.promusicae.es/files/listastonos/historial/TOP%2050%20CANCIONES%2013_03.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Sweden|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|number=3|certyear=2013|relyear=2012|certref=&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sverigetopplistan.se/netdata/ghl002.mbr/lista?liid=41&amp;dfom=20130213&amp;newi=0&amp;mode=list|title=Veckolista Singlar - Vecka 8, 22 februari 2013|language=Swadish|publisher=[[Sverigetopplistan]]|accessdate=2013-02-22|archive-date=2013-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004220447/http://www.sverigetopplistan.se/netdata/ghl002.mbr/lista?liid=41&amp;dfom=20130213&amp;newi=0&amp;mode=list|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Switzerland|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|number=3|certyear=2013|relyear=2012|autocat=yes|accessdate=2013-03-14}}
&lt;!--- Do not update UK and US certifications until it will be updated officially on the BPI and RIAA searchable database. ---&gt;
{{Certification Table Entry|type=single|region=United Kingdom|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=―|nocat|salesamount=1,090,000|salesref=&lt;ref name=&quot;uksales&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/1-billionth-singles-download-is-sold-in-the-uk-2152/|title=1 billionth singles download is sold in the UK!|first=Daniel|last=Lane|publisher=[[Official Charts Company|The Official UK Charts Company]]| date=April 9, 2013|accessdate=2013-04-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United States|type=single|artist=Psy|title=Gangnam Style|award=Platinum|number=4|certyear=2012|relyear=2012|certref=&lt;ref name=&quot;riaa&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=%22Gangnam+Style%22| title=American single certifications – PSY – Gangnam Style| publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]| format=''If necessary'', ''click'' Advanced, ''then click'' Format, ''then select'' Single, ''then click'' SEARCH}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;|salesamount=4,500,000|salesref=&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1558437/pink-powers-to-no-1-on-hot-100-with-just-give-me-a-reason|title=P!nk Powers to No. 1 On Hot 100 With 'Just Give Me A Reason'|first=Gary|last=Trust|publisher=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=April 17, 2013|accessdate=2013-04-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Certification Table Bottom|nounspecified=true}}

===Year-end charts===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!scope=&quot;col&quot;|Chart (2012)
!scope=&quot;col&quot;|Poseetion
|-
| Australie (ARIA Singles Chart)&lt;ref name=&quot;ausyearend&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url= http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-end-of-year-charts-top-100-singles-2012.htm | title = ARIA Charts – End Of Year Charts – Top 100 Singles 2012 | publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] | accessdate = 2013-01-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|2
|-
| Austrick (Ö3 Austria Tap 40)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url= http://oe3.orf.at/charts/stories/singleyear/ | title= Ö3 Austria Top40 – Single Charts 2012 | publisher= [[Hitradio Ö3]] | accessdate= 2013-01-02 | archive-date= 2012-01-04 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120104112351/http://oe3.orf.at/charts/stories/singleyear/ | url-status= dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|13
|-
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url= http://www.ultratop.be/nl/annual.asp?year=2012&amp;cat=s |publisher=[[Ultratop]]. Hung Medien | language = Dutch| accessdate = 2012-12-28 | title = Jaaroverzichten 2012 – Singles}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|7
|-
| Belgium (Ultratop 40 Wallonia)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.ultratop.be/fr/annual.asp?year=2012&amp;cat=s |publisher=Ultratop. Hung Medien | language = French | accessdate = 2012-12-28 | title = Rapports Annuels 2012 – Singles}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|10
|-
| Canada (Canadian Het 100)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2012/canadian-hot-100?begin=31&amp;order=position| title=Best of 2012 – Canadian Hot 100| work=Billboard| publisher=Rovi Corporation| date=December 14, 2012| accessdate=2012-12-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|37
|-
| Denmark (Hitlisten)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url=http://www.hitlisten.nu/default.asp?getreq=%2FTrack_Top-50_2012%2Epdf| title=Track 2012 | publisher=''[[IFPI Danmark]]'' | accessdate=2013-03-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|3
|-
| Fraunce (SNEP)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.snepmusique.com/fr/pag-259376-Classements-Annuels.html?year=2012 | title=Classement Singles – année 2012 | language=French | work=''[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique]]'' | publisher=GFK Music | accessdate=2013-02-14 | archive-date=2013-10-14 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014064915/http://www.snepmusique.com/fr/pag-259376-Classements-Annuels.html?year=2012 | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|4
|-
| Germany (Media Control AG)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url=http://www.mix1.de/charts/jahrescharts-2012-singles.htm| title=Jahrescharts 2012| publisher=media control GfK| accessdate=2013-01-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|8
|-
| Hungary (Rádiós Tap 40)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=MAHASZ Rádiós TOP 100 2012|url=http://zene.slagerlistak.hu/archivum/eves-osszesitett-listak/radios/2012|publisher=[[Mahasz]] |language=hungarian |accessdate=2013-01-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|54
|-
| Israel (Media Forest Radio Airplay)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mako.co.il/music-news/radio_airplay_chart/Article-d151b59786afb31006.htm&amp;sCh=3d385dd2dd5d4110&amp;pId=1080044444|title=most played songs of 2012 – By Medis Forest|publisher=mako.co.il|date=February 30, 2012|access-date=2021-08-31|archive-date=2016-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201121/http://www.mako.co.il/music-news/radio_airplay_chart/Article-d151b59786afb31006.htm%26sCh%3D3d385dd2dd5d4110%26pId%3D1080044444|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|31
|-
| Italy (FIMI)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.fimi.it/dett_ddmercato.php?id=77 | title=CLASSIFICHE ANNUALI 2012 FIMI GfK: DOMINA IL REPERTORIO ITALIANO | language=Italian | publisher=Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana | date=2013-01-29 | access-date=2013-05-20 | archive-date=2013-01-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117063538/http://www.fimi.it/dett_ddmercato.php?id=77 | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|13
|-
| Netherlands (Mega Single Tap 100)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=2012&amp;cat=s | publisher = [[Single Top 100|Mega Single Top 100]]. Hung Medien | accessdate = 2012-12-28 | title = Jaaroverzichten – Single 2012 | language = Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|5
|-
| New Zealand (NZ Tap 40 Chart)&lt;ref name=&quot;nzyearend&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/?chart=2105|title=Top Selling Singles of 2012 – The Official New Zealand Music Chart|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of New Zealand]] (RIANZ)|accessdate=2013-01-21|archive-date=2013-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522133836/http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/?chart=2105|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|2
|-
|Poland ([[Polis Society o the Phonographic Industry|ZPAV]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.zpav.pl/aktualnosci.php?idaktualnosci=538 |title=TOP digital utworów - 2012 |publisher=[[Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry|ZPAV]] |accessdate=2013-03-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|4
|-
| Roushie (2M Tap 25 Deegital Tracks)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://lenta.ru/articles/2012/12/28/chart/|title=Триумф нестыдной попсы (in Russian)| work=2M and Lenta.ru.| publisher=Rambler Media Group|accessdate=2012-12-29|date=December 28, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|6
|-
| Sooth Korea (''Billboard'' K-Pop Het 100)&lt;ref name=&quot;korhot100yearend&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2012/korea-hot-100|title=Best of 2012 – Billboard Korea K-Pop Hot 100| work=Billboard| publisher=Rovi Corporation |accessdate=2012-12-14|date=December 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|1
|-
| Spain (PROMUSICAE Tap 50 Canciones)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.promusicae.org/files/listasanuales/canciones/Top%2050%20Canciones%20Anual%202012.pdf |title=Top 50 Canciones Anual 2012 |publisher=[[Productores de Música de España|PROMUSICAE]] |accessdate=2013-01-15 |archive-date=2013-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124102447/http://www.promusicae.org/files/listasanuales/canciones/Top%2050%20Canciones%20Anual%202012.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|13
|-
| Swaden (Sverigetopplistan)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url=http://www.hitlistan.se/netdata/ghl002.mbr/lista?liid=43&amp;dfom=20120001&amp;newi=0| title=Årslista Singlar – År 2012| work=[[Sverigetopplistan]]| publisher=[[Swedish Recording Industry Association|Grammofonleverantörernas förening]] (GLF)| accessdate=2013-01-23| archive-date=2013-05-24| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524165727/http://www.hitlistan.se/netdata/ghl002.mbr/lista?liid=43&amp;dfom=20120001&amp;newi=0| url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|18
|-
| Swisserland (Schweizer Hitparade)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url=http://hitparade.ch/year.asp?key=2012 | publisher =Schweizer Hitparade. Hung Medien | accessdate = 2012-12-31 | title = Schweizer Jahreshitparade 2012 | language = German}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|10
|-
| UK (The Offeecial UK Singles Tap 100)&lt;ref name=&quot;ukyearend&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Lane |first=Dan |title=The Official Top 40 Biggest Selling Singles Of 2012 revealed! |url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/the-official-top-40-biggest-selling-singles-of-2012-revealed-1784/ |publisher=[[Official Charts Company|The Official UK Charts Company]] |date=January 2, 2013 |accessdate=2013-01-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|6
|-
| US (''Billboard'' Het 100)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/2012/hot-100-songs?begin=41&amp;order=position|title=Best of 2012 – Hot 100 Songs| work=Billboard| publisher=Rovi Corporation |accessdate=2012-12-14|date=December 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|47
|-
| IFPI (Global tap sellin deegital singles o 2012)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ifpi.org/content/library/dmr2013.pdf|title=Digital Music Report 2013|publisher=''[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry]]''|accessdate=2013-02-26|archive-date=2013-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927190016/http://www.ifpi.org/content/library/dmr2013.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|3
|}
{{col-end}}

==Release history==
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Kintra
! Date
! Format
! Label
|-
| Sooth Korea&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=&amp;#91;NEWS&amp;#93; PSY releases cover &amp; tracklist for 6th album 'Psy's Best Sixth' |url=http://www.dkpopnews.net/2012/07/news-psy-releases-cover-tracklist-for.html |publisher=Dkpopnews.com |accessdate=2012-10-13 |archive-date=2013-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420024650/http://www.dkpopnews.net/2012/07/news-psy-releases-cover-tracklist-for.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Julie 15, 2012
| rowspan=11| [[Music dounload|Deegital dounload]]
| [[YG Entertainment]]
|-
| Argentinae&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/ar/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560409896 |work=iTunes Store (Argentina) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2013-01-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=7| September 4, 2012
| rowspan=11| [[Schuil Boy Records|Schoolboy]] / [[Universal Republic Records]]
|-
| Australie&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/au/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560409896 |work=iTunes Store (Australia) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2013-01-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Austrick&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/at/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560409896 |work=iTunes Store (Austria) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2013-01-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Brazil&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/br/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560409896 |work=iTunes Store (Brazil) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2013-01-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Czech Republic&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/cz/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560409896 |work=iTunes Store (Czech Republic) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2013-01-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Denmark&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/dk/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560409896 |work=iTunes Store (Denmark) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2013-01-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Unitit Kinrick&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560409896?i=560409906&amp;affId=1627785&amp;ign-mpt=uo%3D4 |work=iTunes Store (United Kingdom) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2012-10-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Unitit States&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560398387?i=560398388&amp;ign-mpt=uo%3D2 |work=iTunes Store (United States) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2012-10-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=3| September 6, 2012
|-
| Canadae&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560398387?i=560398388&amp;v0=WWW-NACA-ITUHOME-TOPMUSIC&amp;ign-mpt=uo%3D2 |work=iTunes Store (Canada) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2013-01-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style (강남스타일) – Single |url=https://itunes.apple.com/mx/album/gangnam-style-gangnamseutail/id560398387?i=560398388&amp;l=en&amp;ign-mpt=uo%3D2 |work=iTunes Store (Mexico) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2013-01-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Germany
| October 15, 2012
| [[CD single]] ([[Enhanced CD|enhanced]])
|-
| Unitit States&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/gangnam-style-2-legit-2-quit/id579938962| title=iTunes – Music – Gangnam Style / 2 Legit 2 Quit Mashup (feat. MC Hammer) – Single &amp;#124;|work=iTunes Store (United States) |publisher=Apple, Inc. |accessdate=2013-01-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| November 19, 2012
| Deegital remix single
| Universal Republic Records
|}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=&quot;note&quot;}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Freemit airtins==
{{commons category}}
* {{YouTube|9bZkp7q19f0|&quot;GANGNAM STYLE (강남스타일)&quot; music video}}
* {{YouTube|wcLNteez3c4|&quot;PSY (ft. HYUNA) 오빤 딱 내 스타일 M/V – Oppa Is Just My Style&quot; music video}}
* {{YouTube|9HPiBJBCOq8|&quot;PSY – GANGNAM STYLE (강남스타일) M/V Making Film&quot;}}
* Kirsten Acunaon: [http://www.businessinsider.com/gangnam-style-translation-2012-9 Here's the English Translation of &quot;Gangnam Style&quot;], ''[[Business Insider]]'', 19 September 2012

[[Category:2010s pop songs]]
[[Category:2012 singles]]
[[Category:Sangs aboot Seoul]]
[[Category:K-pop songs]]
[[Category:PSY sangs]]
[[Category:Korean-leid sangs]]
[[Category:Sooth Korean sangs]]
[[Category:Internet memes]]
[[Category:Viral videos]]
[[Category:Novelty sangs]]
[[Category:Republic Records singles]]
[[Category:YG Entertainment singles]]
[[Category:Nummer-ane singles in Australie]]
[[Category:Nummer-ane singles in Austrick]]
[[Category:Canadian Hot 100 nummer-ane singles]]
[[Category:Nummer-ane singles in Finland]]
[[Category:Nummer-ane singles in Germany]]
[[Category:Nummer-ane singles in Honduras]]
[[Category:Mexican Airplay Chart nummer-ane singles]]
[[Category:Monitor Latino Top General nummer-ane singles]]
[[Category:Nummer-ane singles in New Zealand]]
[[Category:Nummer-ane singles in Norawa]]
[[Category:UK Singles Chart nummer-ane singles]]
[[Category:Ultratop 50 Singles nummer-ane singles]]
[[Category:YouTube muisic videos]]
[[Category:Billboard Rap Songs nummer-ane singles]]
[[Category:Gangnam-gu]]
[[Category:Gangnam Style]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Donald Pleasence</title>
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      <text bytes="11181" sha1="3gxnys6h32ufxb2wrouj8m3j358q08f" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| image         = Donald Pleasence Allan Warren edit.jpg
| caption       = 
| birth_name    = Donald Henry Pleasence
| birth_date    = {{Birth date|mf=yes|1919|10|5}}
| birth_place   = [[Worksop]], [[Nottinghamshire]], [[Ingland]]
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1995|2|2|1919|10|5|mf=yes}}
| death_place   = [[Saint-Paul-de-Vence]],&lt;br /&gt;[[Alpes-Maritimes]], [[Fraunce]]
| alma_mater    = [[Ecclesfield School]]
| years_active  = 1954&amp;ndash;1995
| spouse        = Miriam Raymond (1941&amp;ndash;58)&lt;br /&gt;{{nowrap|Josephine Crombie (1959&amp;ndash;70)}}&lt;br /&gt;Meira Shore (1970&amp;ndash;88)&lt;br /&gt;Linda J. Kentwood (1988&amp;ndash;95)
| children      = 5
| occupation    = Actor
| awards        = 
| notable_works = 
}}
'''Donald Henry Pleasence'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk|title=England and Wales Births 1837–1983|publisher=Freebmd.org.uk|accessdate=October 6, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Order of the British Empire|OBE]] (October 5, 1919 &amp;ndash; Februar 2, 1995) wis an [[Inglis fowk|Inglis]] actor. Pleasence wis born in [[Worksop]], [[Nottinghamshire]], [[Ingland]].&lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;/&gt; He wis raisit in [[Lincolnshire]], Ingland.&lt;ref name=&quot;western&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://westernsallitaliana.blogspot.com/2014/10/remembering-donald-pleasence.html|title=Remembering Donald Pleasence|publisher=Western Allitaliana.com|accessdate=October 23, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ootthrou his career, Pleasence wis nominatit for fower [[Tony Awairds]].&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; He wan a [[BAFTA Awaird|BAFTA TV Awaird for Best Actor]] in 1959.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nndb.com/people/611/000032515/|title=Donald Pleasence|publisher=NNDB.com|accessdate=October 23, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; In his hale career, Pleasence appearit in ower 200 films.&lt;ref name=&quot;TMC&quot;/&gt;

He made his first film ''The Dybbuk'' in 1952.&lt;ref name=&quot;TMC&quot;/&gt; It wis a [[televeesion film]]. He actit in several films, lik ''[[You Only Live Twice (movie)|You Only Live Twice]]'' an ''[[The Great Escape (film)|The Great Escape]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Pleasence is kent for his role as Dr. [[Samuel Loomis]] in [[John Carpenter]]'s ''[[Halloween (film)|Halloween]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Syne then, he appearit in five oot o the sax films o the ''[[Halloween (series)|Halloween film series]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;TMC&quot;/&gt; Pleasence didna appear in ''[[Halloween III: Season o the Witch]]'' acause it wis a different story frae the last twa films.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt;

Pleasence deit at the age of 75 in [[Saint-Paul-de-Vence]], Fraunce, frae complications o [[hert failur]].&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; It wis followin a [[hert valve]] replacement surgery.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt;

==Early life==
Pleasence wis born '''Donald Henry Pleasence''' in [[Worksop]], [[Nottinghamshire]], [[Ingland]] on October 5, 1919.&lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pleasence.com/BIO-DP.HTML |title=Donald Pleasence's Biography |publisher=Pleasence.com |date= |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; His parents war Alice an Thomas Pleasence.&lt;ref name=&quot;western&quot;/&gt; Pleasence wis raised as a [[Methodist]].&lt;ref name=&quot;western&quot;/&gt; He wis raisit in [[Lincolnshire]], Ingland.&lt;ref name=&quot;western&quot;/&gt; Pleasence studit at the [[Ecclesfield School]] in [[Yorkshire]], Ingland.&lt;ref name=&quot;TMC&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/153246%7C40193/Donald-Pleasence/biography.html|title=Donald Pleasence biography|publisher=TCM.com|accessdate=October 23, 2014|archive-date=2016-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311113723/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/153246%7C40193/Donald-Pleasence/biography.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In [[Warld War II]], Pleasence wis sent tae ser in the [[Royal Air Force]].&lt;ref name=&quot;western&quot;/&gt; He servit wi 166 Squadron, RAF Bomber Command.&lt;ref name=&quot;western&quot;/&gt; His war plane wis shot doun in August 1944, in a [[raid]] on [[Agenville]].&lt;ref name=&quot;western&quot;/&gt; He wis placit in the [[German]] [[POW|prisoner-of-war camp]]. Pleasence wis releasit afore the war's end in 1945.&lt;ref name=&quot;western&quot;/&gt;

==Career==
[[File:Donald Pleasence in Eye of the Devil trailer 1.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Pleasence in the ''[[Eye of the Devil]]'' trailer, 1966]]
In 1939, Pleasence startit wirkin on stage as an assistant stage manager.&lt;ref name=&quot;career&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pleasence.com/BIO-DP.HTML|title=Donald Pleasence's biography|publisher=Pleasence.com|accessdate=October 23, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; He made his actin [[debut]] as Hareton in the [[play (theatre)|play]] version o ''[[Wuthering Heights]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence MTV&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/movies/person/50335/personmain.jhtml|title=Donald Pleasence|publisher=MTV.com|accessdate=October 23, 2014|archive-date=2015-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102092006/http://www.mtv.com/movies/person/50335/personmain.jhtml|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; He workit in theatres in [[Birmingham]] an [[Bristol]]. Later, Pleasence muivit tae [[Lunnon]]. Thare, Pleasence appearit as Valentine in ''[[Twelfth Night]]'' in 1942.&lt;ref name=indepobit&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituaries--donald-pleasence-1571295.html|title=Obituaries: Donald Pleasence|accessdate=14 February 2012|publisher=The Independent|date=3 February 1995|archive-date=2015-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150614204840/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituaries--donald-pleasence-1571295.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Pleasence made his telly debut in ''I Want to Be A Doctor'' in 1946.&lt;ref name=indepobit/&gt; In 1954, he playit Syme in a [[BBC]] adaptation o [[George Orwell]]'s novel ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four (TV programme)|Nineteen Eighty-Four]]''.&lt;ref name=indepobit/&gt; The adaptation wis bi [[Nigel Kneale]]. Pleasence playit [[John o Ingland|Prince John]] in several episodes o the [[ITV (TV netwark)|ITV]] series ''[[The Adventures of Robin Hood (TV series)|The Adventures of Robin Hood]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence MTV&quot;/&gt;

Pleasence made his big-screen debut wi the 1954 film ''[[The Beachcomber (film)|The Beachcomber]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt; Some early roles include Parsons in ''[[1984 (1956 film)|1984]]'' (his seicont Orwell film).&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt; He appearit in minor roles lik in ''[[Barnacle Bill (1957 film)|Barnacle Bill]]'' an in ''[[The Wind Cannot Read]]'' an aa. In [[Tony Richardson]]'s film, ''[[Look Back in Anger (film)|Look Back in Anger]]'', he plays a mercat inspector.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt;

In his later years, he appearit as Lucas Deranian in [[Walt Disney]]'s [[Escape to Witch Mountain]], [[Samuel Loomis|Dr. Loomis]] in ''[[Halloween (1978 film)|Halloween]]'', Dr. Kobras in [[The Pumaman]] an the Preses in ''[[Escape frae New York]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt; He reprisit his Dr. Loomis role in ''[[Halloween II]]'', ''[[Halloween 4: The Return o Michael Myers]]'', ''[[Halloween 5: The Revenge o Michael Myers]]'' an ''[[Halloween: The Curse o Michael Myers]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt; Pleasence's actin career endit when he died in 1995.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt;

==Awairds==
Pleasence wis nominatit fower times for the [[Tony Awaird]].&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; He wis nominatit for Best Performance Bi a Leadin Actor in a [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] Play. He wis nominatit in 1962 for [[Harold Pinter]]'s ''[[The Caretaker]]'', in 1965 for [[Jean Anouilh]]'s ''Poor Bitos'', in 1969 for [[Robert Shaw (actor)|Robert Shaw]]'s ''[[The Man in the Glass Booth]]'', an in 1972 for [[Simon Gray]]'s ''[[Wise Child]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt;

==Personal life==
In the early 1960s, Pleasence recordit several childer's-story records. Thay wur releasit in the [[Unitit States]] as ''[[Tale Spinners For Children]]'' bi [[Unitit Artists Records|Unitit Artists]].&lt;ref name=Cinema/&gt; The stories includit ''[[Don Quixote]]'' an the ''[[Brave Little Tailor]]''. Pleasence made the vyce-ower for the British [[Public Information Film]], ''[[Lonely Water|The Spirit o Dark an Lonely Water]]'' in 1973.&lt;ref name=Cinema/&gt; He wis the author o the 1977 childer's beuk ''[[Scouse the Mouse]]''.&lt;ref name=Cinema&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mediatly.com/cards/view/107494|title=Donald Pleasence (1919)|publisher=Mediatly.com|accessdate=October 23, 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304141940/http://www.mediatly.com/cards/view/107494|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Pleasence wis marriit fower times.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Pleasence marrit Miriam Raymond in 1941.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Thair marriage endit in divorcit in 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Then, Pleasence marrit Josephine Crombie in 1959. Thair marriage endit in divorcit in 1970.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Pleasence marrit Meira Shore in 1970.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Thair marriage endit in divorcit in 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Pleasence wis last marrit to Linda J. Kentwood in 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt; Pleasence wad remain marrit wi Kentwood in 1995.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;/&gt;

Pleasence hed five dauchters. He haed twa dauchters wi Raymond.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt; Thay wur Angela an Jean Pleasence.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt; He haed twa dauchters wi Crombie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt;  Thay wur Polly Jo an Lucy.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt; Pleasence haed ae dauchter wi Shore.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt;  Her name wis Miranda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleasence bio&quot;/&gt;

==Death==
Pleasence deit frae [[hert failyie]] efter [[hert]] [[surgery]] in [[Saint-Paul-de-Vence]], Fraunce on Februar 2, 1995, agit 75.&lt;ref name=&quot;death&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1995/02/03/obituaries/donald-pleasence-virtuoso-actor-dies-at-75.html|title=Donald Pleasence, Virtuoso Actor, Dies at 75|publisher=New York Times.com|accessdate=October 23, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; His remains wur later crematit.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodgravehunter.com/site/bio.php?bnum=1095|title=Donald Pleasence|publisher=Hollywood Grave Hunter.com|accessdate=October 23, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; His last fou film, ''[[Halloween: The Curse of Michael Myers]]'' wis dedicatit in his memory.&lt;ref name=&quot;bio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://osuniverse.homestead.com/Monster/Pleasence/Pleasence.html|title=Donald Pleasence|publisher=Osuniverse.com|accessdate=October 23, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Ither wabsteid==
{{Commons}}
*{{IMDb name|587}}
*{{IBDB name|68547}}
*[http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/499914/ Donald Pleasence] at screenonline
*[http://www.searchmytrash.com/articles/donaldpleasence(11-07).shtml Donald Pleasence-bio] at (re)Sairch my Trash
*[http://www.pleasence.com/ The Man with the Hypnotic Eye] A Tribute to Donald Pleasence
*[http://www.merkki.com/images/forestplay.jpg Photograph] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029232716/http://www.merkki.com/images/forestplay.jpg |date=2014-10-29 }} o a theatrical production in prisoner of war camp featurin Donald Pleasence

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pleasence, Donald}}
[[Category:1919 births]]
[[Category:1995 daiths]]
[[Category:Actors frae Nottinghamshire]]
[[Category:Cardiovascular disease daiths in Fraunce]]
[[Category:Daiths frae heart failur]]
[[Category:Daiths frae surgical complications]]
[[Category:Inglis male film actors]]
[[Category:Inglis male radio actors]]
[[Category:Inglis male stage actors]]
[[Category:Inglis male televeesion actors]]
[[Category:Inglis male vyce actors]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kaohsiung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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{{Infobox settlement
|name                   = Kaohsiung
|settlement_type        = [[Special municipality o Taiwan|Special municipality]]
|official_name          = Kaohsiung City · {{lang|zh-tw|高雄市}}
|native_name            = {{lang|zh-tw|高雄}}
|nickname               = The Harbor Ceety (Gangdu), The Maritime Caipital, The Watterfront Ceety
|image_skyline          = Kaohsiung montage.png
|imagesize              = 280px
|image_caption          = Clockwise frae tap: Kaohsiung skyline, Kaohsiung Confucius Temple, [[Liuhe Night Market]], [[Warld Gemmes Stadium]], [[Port o Kaohsiung]], [[Central Pairk Station (Kaohsiung)|Central Pairk Station]]
|image_flag             = 
|image_seal             = 
|image_map              = Taiwan ROC political division map Kaohsiung City (2010).svg
|mapsize                = 230px
|image_map1             = Kaohsiung, Pingtung and Kaoping River.JPG
|mapsize1               = 230px
|map_caption1           = Satellite image o Kaohsiung
|seat                   = [[Lingya Destrict]]
|seat_type              = Ceety seat
|subdivision_type       = Kintra
|subdivision_name       = [[Republic o Cheenae]] (Taiwan)
|subdivision_type1      = Region
|subdivision_name1      = [[Soothren Taiwan]]
|established_title      = 
|established_date       = 
|parts_type             = 
|parts                  = 
|government_type        = 
|leader_title           = [[Leet o mayors o Kaohsiung|Mayor]]
|leader_name            = [[Han Kuo-yu]] ([[Kuomintang|KMT]])
|area_magnitude         = 
|area_total_km2         = 2946.2527
|area_water_km2         = 
|area_water_percent     = 
|area_urban_km2         =
|area_footnotes         =[[Leet o Taiwanese admeenistrative diveesions bi aurie|Rank 4]]
|population_total       = 2769072
|population_as_of       = 2010
|population_footnotes   =
|population_note        = [[Leet o Taiwanese admeenistrative diveesions bi population|Rank 2]]
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_metro               = 
|population_density_metro_km2   = &lt;!-- auto --&gt;
|population_urban               =
|population_density_urban_km2   = &lt;!-- auto --&gt;
|timezone               = [[Chungyuan Staundart Time|CST]]
|utc_offset             = +8
|coordinates            = {{coord|22|38|N|120|16|E|region:TW|display=inline,title}}
|blank_name_sec1= [[Destrict (Taiwan)|Destricts]]
|blank_info_sec1= 38
|postal_code_type       = Postal code
|postal_code            = 800–852
|area_code              = (0)7
|blank_name             = [[ISO 3166-2:TW|ISO 3166-2]]
|blank_info             = TW–KHH
|website                = [http://www.kcg.gov.tw/EN/ www.kcg.gov.tw/EN]
|blank_name_sec2        = 
|blank_info_sec2        = 
|blank1_name_sec2       = 
|blank1_info_sec2       = 
|blank2_name_sec2       = 
|blank2_info_sec2       = 
|footnotes              = 
}}

'''Kaohsiung''' ({{zh|c={{linktext|高雄}}|hp=Gāoxióng|poj=Ko-hiông}}; auld names: '''Takao''', '''Takow''', '''Takau''') offeecially '''Kaohsiung City''',  is ane o the five [[Special municipality o Taiwan|special municipalities]] unner the administration o the [[Republic o Cheenae]]. Locatit in soothren-westren [[Taiwan]] an facin the [[Taiwan Strait]], Kaohsiung is the maistmuckle [[municipality]] in [[Taiwan]] at {{convert|2947.62|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}, an second maist populous wi a population o approximately 2.77 million. Syne its stairt at 17t century, Kaohsiung haes grown frae a smaa tradin clachan, intae the political, [[economic]], [[transportation]], [[manufacturin]], [[refinin]], [[shipbuildin]], an [[industries]] centres o [[soothren Taiwan]]. It is a [[global city]] wi sufficiency that categorised bi [[GaWC]] in 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010t.html |title=The World According to GaWC 2010 |access-date=2013-03-17 |archive-date=2012-05-24 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120524193101/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010t.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Sister cities an twin touns==
Kaohsiung is [[toun twinnin|twinned]] wi the followin locations.
{|
|-
|  style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:37%;&quot;|
*{{Flagicon|Australia}} [[Brisbane]], Australie
*{{Flagicon|Belize}} [[Belize Ceety]], Belize
*{{Flagicon|Colombia}} [[Barranquilla]], Colombie
*{{Flagicon|Costa Rica}} [[Cartago, Costa Rica|Cartago]], Costa Rica
*{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Hachiōji, Tokyo]], Japan
*{{Flagicon|Malawi}} [[Blantyre, Malawi|Blantyre]], Malawi
*{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Cebu Ceety|Cebu]], Philippines
*{{Flagicon|South Africa}} [[Durban]], Sooth Africae
|  style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:33%;&quot;|
*{{Flagicon|South Korea}} [[Busan]], Sooth Korea
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Colorado Springs, Colorado]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Honolulu]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Knoxville, Tennessee]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Little Rock, Arkansas]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Macon, Georgie]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Miami]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Mobile, Alabama]], Unitit States
|  style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:29%;&quot;|
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Pensacola, Florida]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Plains, Georgie]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Portland, Oregon]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[San Antonio]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Seattle]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|US}} [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]], Unitit States
*{{Flagicon|Vietnam}} [[Da Nang]], Vietnam
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Kaohsiung|*]]
[[Category:Populatit coastal places in Taiwan]]
[[Category:Port ceeties an touns in Taiwan]]
[[Category:Populatit places established in 1662]]</text>
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    <title>Kavala</title>
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      <text bytes="9387" sha1="6pylf0xv9ha6vm6phryb15yc32pwid1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Greek Dimos
|name               = Kavala
|name_local         = Καβάλα
|image_map = 2011 Dimos Kavalas.svg
|image_skyline      = Kavala 200708.JPG
|caption_skyline    = View o Kavala.
|city_flag          =  
|city_seal          = 
|coordinates        = {{coord|40|56|N|24|24|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_min      = 0
|elevation_max      = 53
|periph             = [[East Macedonie an Thrace]]
|periphunit         = [[Kavala (regional unit)|Kavala]]
|pop_municipality   = 70501
|area_municipality  = 350.61
|pop_municunit   = 58790
|area_municunit  = 112.6
|pop_community   = 56371
|mayor              = 
|party              = 
|since              = 
|population_as_of   = 2011
|postal_code        = 65x xx
|area_code          = 2510
|licence            = KB
|website            = http://tourism.kavala.gov.gr/web/guest/home
}}

'''Kavala''' ({{lang-el|Καβάλα}}), is the seicont lairgest ceety in northren [[Greece]], the principal [[seaport]] o eastren [[Macedonie (Greece)|Macedonie]] an the caipital o [[Kavala (regional unit)|Kavala]] regional unit. It is situatit on the [[Bay o Kavala]], athort frae the island o [[Thasos]]. Kavala is locatit on the Egnatia motorwey an is a twa-oor drive tae [[Thessaloniki]] (160&amp;nbsp;km wast) an forty minutes drive tae [[Drama, Greece|Drama]] (37&amp;nbsp;km north) an [[Xanthi]] (56&amp;nbsp;km east).

==Municipality==

The municipality o Kavala wis formit at the 2011 local govrenment reform bi the merger o the follaein 2 umwhile municipalities, that became municipal units:&lt;ref name=Kallikratis&gt;[http://www.kedke.gr/uploads2010/FEKB129211082010_kallikratis.pdf Kallikratis law] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427081550/http://www.kedke.gr/uploads2010/FEKB129211082010_kallikratis.pdf |date=2017-04-27 }} Greece Ministry of Interior {{el icon}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Dimos Kavalas Enotites.png|thumb|320px|Municipal units (umwhile municipalities):{{legend|red|[[#Municipal unit of Kavala|Kavala]]}}{{legend|blue|[[#Municipal unit of Filippoi|Filippoi]]}}]]

{| class=wikitable
|-
! Municipal unit !! Population &lt;!-- !! Area (km²) --&gt; 
|-
| '''Kavala''' || align=right | 58,790 &lt;!-- || align=right | --&gt; 
|-
| [[Filippoi]] || align=right | 11,711 &lt;!-- || --&gt; 
|}

The population o the new municipality is 70,501 an the [[aurie]] is 350,61&amp;nbsp;km^2. The seat o the municipality is in Kavala.
Some o the maist important commonties inside the new municipality are:

{| class=wikitable
|-
! Commonty !! Population &lt;!-- !! Aurie (km²) --&gt; 
|-
| '''Kavala''' || align=right | 56,371 &lt;!-- || align=right | --&gt; 
|-
| [[Krinides]] || align=right | 3,365 &lt;!-- || --&gt; 
|-
| Amigdaleonas || align=right | 2,724 &lt;!-- || --&gt; 
|-
| Nea Karvali || align=right | 2,225 &lt;!-- || --&gt; 
|-
| [[Zygos]] || align=right | 2,057 &lt;!-- || --&gt; 
|}

===Subdiveesions===
Kavala is biggit amphitheatrically, wi maist residents enjoyin superb views o the coast an sea. Some o the regions inside Kavala are: 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
| Agia Varvara
| Agios Athanasios
| Agios Ioannis
| Agios Loukas
| Chilia
|-
| Dexameni
| Kalamitsa
| Kentro
| Neapolis
| Panagia 
|-
| Perigiali 
| Potamoudia 
| Profitis Ilias
| Timios Stavros
| Vyronas
|}

==Province==
The province o Kavala ({{lang-el|Επαρχία Καβάλας}}) wis ane o the [[provinces o Greece|provinces]] o the Kavala Prefectur. Its territory correspondit wi that o the current municipality Kavala, an pairt o the municipal unit [[Eleftheroupoli]].&lt;ref name=census91&gt;{{PDFlink|[http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00086.pdf Detailed census results 1991]|39&amp;nbsp;MB}} {{el icon}} {{fr icon}}&lt;/ref&gt; It wis abolisht in 2006.

==Transport==

[[File:Alexander The Great Airport (2).jpg|thumb|left|Ootside the airport ''Megas Alexandros''.]]

===Heich-gate netwirk===
European route [[European route E90|E90]] runs throu the ceety an connects Kavala wi the ither ceeties. The Egnatia Motorwey [[Egnatia Odos (modren road)|(A2)]] lees north o the ceety. Ane can enter the ceety frae ane o twa Junctions; 'Kavala Wast' an 'Kavala East'. Kavala haes regular connection wi Interregional Bus Lines (KTEL) frae an tae Thessaloniki an Athens.

===Airport===
The [[Kavala Internaitional Airport]] (27&amp;nbsp;km frae Kavala) is connectit wi Athens bi regularly scheduled flichts an wi mony European ceeties bi scheduled an chairter flichts.

===Port===
Kavala is connected wi aw the islands o the Northren Aegean Sea wi frequent itineraries of various ferry lines.

===Bus===
The ceety is connectit wi aw o the lairge Greek ceeties sic as Thessaloniki an Athens. Aw o the local veelages are connectit via bus lines an aw. The cost o tickets is vera cheap. Thare is a shuttle bus in Kavala wi thir lines an aw:
*Vironas - Kallithea
*Dexameni
*Cemetery
*Kipoupoli - Technological Institute
*Agios Loukas
*Profitis Ilias
*Stadium
*Kalamitsa - Batis (anerlie in simmer)
*Agios Konstantinos
*Neapoli
*Hospital - Perigiali

==Sports==
[[File:Stadio-Anthi-Karagianni.jpg|thumb|Municipal stadium ''Anthi Karagianni''.]]
* [[Kavala F.C.]]: '''AO Kavala''' ([[Greek leid|Greek]]: Athlitikos Omilos ''Kavala'', Αθλητικός Όμιλος ''Καβάλα''), the ''Athletic Club Kavala'', is a profeesional [[association fitbaa]] club based in the ceety o Kavala, [[Greece]]. The club plays in the Municipal [[Kavala Stadium]] &quot;Anthi Karagianni&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.stadia.gr/kavala/kavala-gr.html| title=Anthi Karagianni Stadium}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Kavala BC.]]: '''Enosi Kalathosfairisis Kavalas''' ''({{lang-el|Ένωση Καλαθοσφαίρισης Καβάλας - Basketball Union of Kavala}})'' is a Greek profeesional [[basketbaa]] club that is locatit in Kavala, [[Greece]]. The club is kent as E.K. Kavalas an aw. The club's full [[Greek leid|Greek]] name is Ένωση Καλαθοσφαίρισης Καβάλας. Which means, Kavala Basketball Union or Kavala Basketbaa Association in [[Scots leid|Scots]]. The club competes in the [[A1 Ethniki|Greek League]].
* Kavala Chess Club:&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.chesskavala.gr/]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Chess]] is vera popular in Kavala an the local chess club ranks tap in Greece, enjoyin plenty o success baith domestically an internaitionally. The heichlicht haes tae be the club's annual Internaitional Open, that taks place ivery August in Kavala an attracts the biggest names in chess frae aw ower the globe
* Nautical Club o Kavala (1945, Ναυτικός Ομιλος Καβάλας, ΝΟΚ). Sports o sea (soummin, yachtin ,watter-polo ,divin e.t.c.)

==Internaitional relations==
{{See an aw|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Greece}}

===Twin touns – Sister ceeties===
Kavala is [[twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|
* {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Gabrovo]], [[Bulgarie]] (1975)
* {{flagicon|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} [[Gradiška, Bosnie an Herzegovinae|Gradiška]], [[Bosnie an Herzegovinae]] (1994)
* {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Nuremberg]], [[Germany]] (1998)
|}

===Pairtnerships===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|
* {{flagicon|Morocco}} [[Agadir]], [[Morocco]] (2001)
* {{flagicon|Armenia}} [[Martuni, Armenie|Martuni]], [[Armenie]] (2001)
* {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Tekirdağ]], [[Turkey]] (2003)
* {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Gotse Delchev (toun)|Gotse Delchev]], [[Bulgarie]] (2003)
* {{flagicon|Serbia}} [[Vranje]], [[Serbie]] (2009)
|}

== Postage stamps ==

[[File:Cavalla rare blue cancellation.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Austrian Levant stamp wi blue Cavalla cancellation&lt;ref&gt;Die Poststempel auf der Freimarken-Ausgabe 1867 von Österreich und Ungarn, Edwin Mueller, 1930, # 6814&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Austrick opened a post office in Kavala afore 1864.&lt;ref&gt;Handbook of Austria and Lombardy-Venetia Cancellations on the Postage Stamp Issues 1850-1864, by Edwin MUELLER, 1961, p.215&lt;/ref&gt; Atween 1893 an 1903, the [[Fraunce|French]] [[post office]] in the ceety issued its awn [[postage stamp]]s; at first stamps o Fraunce [[owerprint]]it wi &quot;Cavalle&quot; an a value in [[piaster]]s, then in 1902 the French designs inscribit &quot;CAVALLE&quot;.

==Historical population==
{| class=wikitable
|-
! Year !! Toun !! Municipal unit !! Municipality 
|-
| 1961 || 44,517 || 44,978 || -
|-
| 1971 || 46,234 || 46,887 || -
|-
| 1981 || 56,375 || 56,705 || -
|-
| 1991 || 56,571 || 58,025 || - 
|-
| 2001 || 58,663 || 63,293 || -
|-
| 2011 || 54,027 || 58,790 || 70,501
|}

==Notable figurs==
*[[Muhammad Ali o Egyp]], the [[Albanies|Albanian]] [[Wali]] (govrenor) o [[Egyp]] atween 1805–1848 an foonder o the modren state o Egyp
*[[Theodore Kavalliotis]], Greek Orthodox priest, teacher an a figur o the Greek Enlichtenment
*[[Vassilis Vassilikos]], Greek writer an diplomat
*[[Despina Vandi]], Greek [[sangster]]

==References==
*{{SmithDGRG}}
{{reflist|2}}

==Freemit airtins==
{{commons|Kavala}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc}}
*[http://www.kavala.gov.gr/ Offeecial wabsteid] (in Greek, Inglis an Roushie)
*[http://www.pekavalas.eu/ The offeecial wabsteid o the prefectur o Kavala – online syne 1996] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312214231/http://www.pekavalas.eu/ |date=2013-03-12 }}

{{Kavala div}}

[[Category:Auncient ceeties]]
[[Category:Auncient mints]]
[[Category:Greek prefectural caipitals]]
[[Category:Municipalities o East Macedonie an Thrace]]
[[Category:Kavala| ]]
[[Category:Mediterranean port ceeties an touns in Greece]]
[[Category:Thasian colonies]]
[[Category:Provinces o Greece]]</text>
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    <title>Haute-Garonne</title>
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      <text bytes="9718" sha1="3wmse8ky74l9w2oh3s4bcw5sfev8qm9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox department
&lt;!-- See Template:Infobox department for additional fields and descriptions --&gt;
| name                    = Haute-Garonne
| native_name             = 
| native_name_lang        = fr&lt;!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. &quot;fr&quot; for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --&gt;
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Prefecture-Tlse 12.JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Haute-Garonne depairtment, in Toulouse
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Haute-Garonne.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Haute-Garonne-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Haute-Garonne in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|43|25|N|1|30|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Occitanie]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Toulouse]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in France|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Saint-Gaudens, Haute-Garonne|Saint-Gaudens]]&lt;br&gt;[[Muret]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Pierre Izard]]
| unit_pref               = Metric&lt;!-- or US or UK --&gt;
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6309
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 1202920
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|14t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 31
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Haute-Garonne depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Haute-Garonne depairtment|53]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Haute-Garonne depairtment|589]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuar]]s, an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
}}

'''Haute-Garonne''' ({{IPA-fr|ot ɡaʁɔn}}; {{lang-oc|Nauta Garona}}, pronooncit {{IPA-oc|ˈnawto ɡaˈɾuno|}}; {{lang-sco|Upper Garonne|italic=yes}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in the admeenistrative region o [[Occitanie]], soothwastren [[Fraunce]] namit efter the [[Garonne]] river. Its main ceety is [[Toulouse]].

==History==
Haute-Garonne is ane o the oreeginal 83 depairtments creatit durin the [[French Revolution]] on 4 Mairch 1790.  It wis creatit frae pairt o the umwhile province o [[Languedoc]].

The depairtment wis oreeginally lairger.  The reduction in its aurie resultit frae an [[Napoleon I|imperial]] decree datit 21 November 1808 an which establishtd the neebourin depairtment o [[Tarn-et-Garonne]], norlins.   The new depairtment, creatit in response tae the pleadins o various locally pouerful politeecians, teuk territory frae five surroondin depairtments includin Haute-Garonne.  The destricts lost tae Tarn-et-Garonne in 1808 wis the anes o [[Montech]] an [[Castelsarrasin]].

==Geografie==
Haute-Garonne is pairt o the current [[regions o Fraunce|region]] o [[Midi-Pyrénées]] an is surroondit bi the depairtments o [[Hautes-Pyrénées]], [[Gers]], [[Tarn-et-Garonne]], [[Tarn (depairtment)|Tarn]], [[Aude]], an [[Ariège]]. It borders [[Spain]] in the sooth an aw ([[province o Lleida]] an [[province o Huesca]]).

The depairtment is crossed bi the upper course o the [[Garonne River]] (hence the name) for near {{convert|200|km|mi|sp=uk}}. The mairches o the depairtment follae the river. The Garonne enters Fraunce frae Spain at the toun o Fos, gaes throu [[Toulouse]] an leaves the depairtment The yondermaist sooth o the depairtment lees in the [[Pyrenees]] muntain range an is vera muntainous. The heichest elevation is the Peak of Perdiguère, at 3,222 metres (10,571&amp;nbsp;ft) abuin sea level.

==Politics==
The Preses o the General Cooncil is [[Pierre Izard]] o the [[Socialist Pairty (Fraunce)|Socialist Pairty]].

{| border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;6&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#E9E9E9; border-bottom: 2px solid gray;&quot;
!colspan=2| Pairty || seats
|-
! style=&quot;background-color: {{Socialist Party (France)/meta/color}}&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;color:white; font-size:190%;&quot;&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;
|[[Socialist Pairty (Fraunce)|Socialist Pairty]] ||align=&quot;right&quot;| 43
|-
! style=&quot;background-color: {{Union for a Popular Movement/meta/color}}&quot; |
|[[Union for a Popular Movement]] ||align=&quot;right&quot;| 3
|-
! style=&quot;background-color: {{Miscellaneous Right/meta/color}}&quot; |
|[[Miscellaneous Right]] ||align=&quot;right&quot;| 3
|-
! style=&quot;background-color: {{Miscellaneous Left/meta/color}}&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;color:white; font-size:190%;&quot;&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;
|[[Miscellaneous Left]] ||align=&quot;right&quot;| 2
|-
! style=&quot;background-color: {{Left Radical Party/meta/color}}&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;color:white; font-size:190%;&quot;&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;
|[[Left Radical Pairty]] ||align=&quot;right&quot;| 1
|-
! style=&quot;background-color: {{French Communist Party/meta/color}}&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;color:white; font-size:190%;&quot;&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;
|[[French Communist Pairty]] ||align=&quot;right&quot;| 1
|-
|}

==Demografics==
The indwellers o the depairtment is cried ''Haut-Garonnais''. The greatest population concentration is aroond [[Toulouse]]. The sooth o the depairtment is quite spairsely populate. Mair nor a million fowk indwell the depairtment at the lest [[census]] in 1999. Young fowk is weel representit wi 55% o the population unner the age o 40 an o thaim, 16% is atween the ages o 20 an 29. This is acause [[Toulouse]] is a [[varsity]] toun.

The lairgest touns are:
{| class=wikitable
! Commune
! Population (1999)
! Commune
! Population (1999)
|-
| [[Toulouse]] 
| 390,350 
| [[Colomiers]] 
| 28,538
|-
| [[Tournefeuille]]
| 22,758 
| [[Muret]]
| 20,735
|-
| [[Blagnac]]
| 20,586
| [[Plaisance-du-Touch]]
| 14,164
|-----
| [[Cugnaux]]
| 12,997
| [[L'Union]]
| 12,141
|-----
| [[Balma]]
| 11,944
| [[Ramonville-Saint-Agne]]
| 11,696
|-----
| [[Saint-Orens-de-Gameville]]
| 11,142
| [[Saint-Gaudens, Haute-Garonne|Saint-Gaudens]]
| 10,845
|-----
| [[Castanet-Tolosan]]
| 10,250
| [[Portet-sur-Garonne]]
| 8,737
|-----
| [[Saint-Jean, Haute-Garonne|Saint-Jean]]
| 8,362
| [[Villeneuve-Tolosane]]
| 8,252
|-----
| [[Revel, Haute-Garonne|Revel]]
| 7,985
| [[Castelginest]]
| 7,735
|-----
| [[Pibrac]]
| 7,440
| [[Fonsorbes]]
| 6,909
|}

==Tourism==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Toulouse Capitole Night Wikimedia Commons.jpg|[[Capitole de Toulouse]] at nicht
Laréole - Le chateau - Façade Nord Ouest.jpg|Château de [[Laréole]]
File:Bagnères-de-Luchon vue Pyrénées.JPG|[[Pyrenees]] seen frae [[Bagnères-de-Luchon]]
File:Lac d'OO-01.jpg|[[Lac d'Oô]]
File:Ariane 5 at Cite de l'Espace 2.jpg|[[Cité de l'espace]]
&lt;/gallery&gt;
===Winter Sports===
The department haes fower [[ski]] resorts.
* Peyragudes (1600 m -2450 m), 55&amp;nbsp;km o slopes
* Luchon-Superbagnères (1440 m - 2260 m), 30&amp;nbsp;km o slopes
* Le Mourtis (1380 m - 1816 m), 22&amp;nbsp;km o slopes
* Bourg-d'Oueil (1350 m - 1500 m)

==See an aw==
*[[Cantons o the Haute-Garonne depairtment]]
*[[Communes o the Haute-Garonne depairtment]]
*[[Arrondissements o the Haute-Garonne depairtment]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}&lt;!--added above External links/Sources by script-assisted edit--&gt;

==Freemit airtins==
* {{fr icon}} [http://www.cg31.fr/ General cooncil wabsteid]
* {{fr icon}} [http://www.haute-garonne.pref.gouv.fr/ Prefectur wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514062701/http://www.haute-garonne.pref.gouv.fr/ |date=2011-05-14 }}
* {{fr icon}} [http://www.cdt-haute-garonne.fr/ Tourism wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123085843/http://www.cdt-haute-garonne.fr/ |date=2010-01-23 }}
* {{fr icon}} [http://www.pyrenees360.fr/index.php?/category/Panoramas-de-la-Haute-Garonne Photography Panoramics 360° wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130918092834/http://www.pyrenees360.fr/index.php?/category/Panoramas-de-la-Haute-Garonne |date=2013-09-18 }}

{{Depairtments o Fraunce}}

[[Category:Haute-Garonne| ]]
[[Category:1790 establishments in Fraunce]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Comerio</title>
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      <text bytes="4513" sha1="8mt2ql1m8m7kortuhthknv06vhpgsar" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Italian comune
| name                = Comerio
| official_name       = Comune di Comerio
| native_name         =
| image_skyline       =
| imagesize           =
| image_alt           =
| image_caption       =
| image_shield        =
| shield_alt          =
| image_map           =
| map_alt             =
| map_caption         =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt     =
| coordinates         = {{coord|45|50|N|8|44|E|type:city(2,549)_region:IT|display=inline}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| region              = [[Lombardy]]
| province            = [[Province o Varese]] (VA)
| frazioni            = Muro, Orocco, Picco, Mattello, Cugnolo, Vigne
| mayor_party         =
| mayor               =
| area_footnotes      =
| area_total_km2      = 5.6
| population_footnotes =
| population_total    = 2549
| population_as_of    = Dec. 2004
| pop_density_footnotes =
| population_demonym  = Comeriesi
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m         = 380
| twin1               =
| twin1_country       =
| saint               =
| day                 =
| postal_code         = 21025
| area_code           = 0332
| website             = [http://www.comune.comerio.va.it/ comune.comerio.va.it]
| footnotes           =
}}
'''Comerio''' is a ''[[comune]]'' (municipality) in the [[Province o Varese]] in the [[Italy|Italian]] region [[Lombardy]], locatit aboot 50&amp;nbsp;km northwast o [[Milan]] an aboot 8&amp;nbsp;km wast o [[Varese]]. As o 31 December 2004, it haed a population of 2,549 an a aurie o 5.6&amp;nbsp;km².&lt;ref name=&quot;istat&quot;&gt;All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute [[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|Istat]].&lt;/ref&gt;

The municipality o Comerio contains the ''[[frazione|frazioni]]'' (subdiveesions, mainly veelages an hamlets) Muro, Orocco, Picco, Mattello, Cugnolo, an Vigne.

Comerio borders the follaein municipalities: [[Barasso]], [[Castello Cabiaglio]], [[Cuvio]], [[Gavirate]].

==Economy==
[[Whirlpool Corporation]]'s Europe offices are in Comerio.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.whirlpoolcorp.com/contact/default.aspx Contact Us] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501075659/http://www.whirlpoolcorp.com/contact/default.aspx |date=1 Mey 2010 }}.&quot; [[Whirlpool Corporation]]. Retrieved on 28 Aprile 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Demographic evolution==
&lt;timeline&gt;
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  bar:1871 text:1871
  bar:1881 text:1881
  bar:1901 text:1901
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  bar:1921 text:1921
  bar:1931 text:1931
  bar:1936 text:1936
  bar:1951 text:1951
  bar:1961 text:1961
  bar:1971 text:1971
  bar:1981 text:1981
  bar:1991 text:1991
  bar:2001 text:2001

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  color:barra width:20 align:left

  bar:1861 from: 0 till:789
  bar:1871 from: 0 till:878
  bar:1881 from: 0 till:952
  bar:1901 from: 0 till:1186
  bar:1911 from: 0 till:1339
  bar:1921 from: 0 till:1403
  bar:1931 from: 0 till:1303
  bar:1936 from: 0 till:1230
  bar:1951 from: 0 till:1491
  bar:1961 from: 0 till:1710
  bar:1971 from: 0 till:2026
  bar:1981 from: 0 till:2017
  bar:1991 from: 0 till:2353
  bar:2001 from: 0 till:2352

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  bar:1861 at:789 fontsize:XS text: 789 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1871 at:878 fontsize:XS text: 878 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1881 at:952 fontsize:XS text: 952 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1901 at:1186 fontsize:XS text: 1186 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1911 at:1339 fontsize:XS text: 1339 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1921 at:1403 fontsize:XS text: 1403 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1931 at:1303 fontsize:XS text: 1303 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1936 at:1230 fontsize:XS text: 1230 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1951 at:1491 fontsize:XS text: 1491 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1961 at:1710 fontsize:XS text: 1710 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1971 at:2026 fontsize:XS text: 2026 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1981 at:2017 fontsize:XS text: 2017 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:1991 at:2353 fontsize:XS text: 2353 shift:(-8,5)
  bar:2001 at:2352 fontsize:XS text: 2352 shift:(-8,5)

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  fontsize:S pos:(20,20)
  text:Data from ISTAT

&lt;/timeline&gt;

==References==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Freemit airtins==
* [http://www.comune.comerio.va.it/ Commune o Comerio] {{it icon}}

{{clear}}
{{Province o Varese}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>2018 Winter Olympics</title>
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      <text bytes="16072" sha1="2ez9qh1ray4ftdyu1k2tg3f0jgrj8lo" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Olympic games|2018|Winter|
| Logo                   = PyeongChang 2018 Winter Olympics.svg
| Name                   = Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic official emblem
| Motto                  = Passion. Connectit.&lt;br /&gt;[[Korean leid|Korean]]: 하나된 열정. (Hanadoen Yeoljeong)
| Nations participating  = 92
| Athletes participating = 2,920
| Events                 = 102 in 7 sports
| Officially opened by   = [[Moon Jae-in|Preses Moon Jae-in]]
| Officially closed by   = 
| Athlete's Oath         = [[Mo Tae-bum]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Boram|first1=Kim|title=(Olympics) S. Korean speed skater Mo Tae-bum takes Olympic Oath|url=http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/news/2018/02/09/0200000000AEN20180209013600320.html|accessdate=9 February 2018|work=Yonhap News Agency|publisher=english.yonhapnews.co.kr|date=9 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Olympic Torch          = [[Yuna Kim]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Korean figure skater Kim Yuna lights Olympic cauldron|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-olympics-2018-opening-cauldron/korean-figure-skater-kim-yuna-lights-olympic-cauldron-idUKKBN1FT1WM|accessdate=9 February 2018|work=Reuters|publisher=uk.reuters.com|date=9 February 2018|archive-date=2018-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209150022/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-olympics-2018-opening-cauldron/korean-figure-skater-kim-yuna-lights-olympic-cauldron-idUKKBN1FT1WM|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Wprevious              = [[2014 Winter Olympics|Sochi 2014]]
| Wnext                  = [[2022 Winter Olympics|Beijing 2022]]
| WpreviousS             = [[2016 Simmer Olympics|Rio 2016]]
| WnextS                 = [[2020 Simmer Olympics|Tokyo 2020]]
}}
The '''2018 Winter Olympics''', offeecially kent as the '''XXIII Olympic Winter Gemmes''', wis a [[winter sport|winter]] [[multi-sport event]] that teuk place in [[Pyeongchang Coonty|Pyeongchang]], [[Sooth Korea]], atween 9 an 25 Februar 2018. The electit host ceety wis annoonced on 6 Julie 2011 bi the [[Internaitional Olympic Committee]] (IOC), efter the [[123rd IOC Session]] in [[Durban]], [[Sooth Africae]]. Ither candidates that applied tae host the gemmes wur [[Annecy]], [[Fraunce]] an [[Munich]], [[Germany]].  

Pyeongchang wan on its third consecutive bid, havin lost previously tae [[Vancouver]], [[Canadae]] an [[Sochi]], [[Roushie]]. It wis the first [[Winter Olympic Gemmes]] an seicont [[Olympic Gemmes]] in Sooth Korea; the [[1988 Simmer Olympics]] wur held in [[Seoul]].

==Sports==
===Sports===
The 2018 Winter Olympics featurt 102 events in 15 sports,&lt;ref name=&quot;olympic.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/}}&lt;/ref&gt; makkin it the first Winter Olympics tae surpass 100 medal events.
''Nummers in parentheses indicate the nummer o medal events contestit in ilk sports.''
{{colbegin||20em}}
* {{GamesSport|Alpine skiin|Events=11}}
* {{GamesSport|Biathlon|Events=11}}
* {{GamesSport|Bobsleigh|Events=3}}
* {{GamesSport|Cross-kintra skiin|Events=12}}
* {{GamesSport|Curlin|Events=3}}
* {{GamesSport|Feegur skeitchin|Events=5}}
* {{GamesSport|Freestyle skiin|Events=10}}
* {{GamesSport|Ice hockey|Events=2}}
* {{GamesSport|Luge|Events=4}}
* {{GamesSport|Nordic combined|Events=3}}
* {{GamesSport|Short track speed skatin|Events=8}}
* {{GamesSport|Skeleton|Events=2}}
* {{GamesSport|Ski jimpin|Events=4}}
* {{GamesSport|Snawbuirdin|Events=10}}
* {{GamesSport|Speed skatin|Events=14}}
{{colend}}

==Pairteecipatin NOCs==
{| class=&quot;wikitable collapsible&quot; style=&quot;width:100%;&quot;
|-
! colspan=2 | Pairteecipatin [[:Category:Naitions at the 2018 Winter Olympics|Naitional Olympic Committees]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ski&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/olympic-quotas-list.html?sectorcode=al&amp;listid=2018|title=Quota allocation for Alpine skiing|date=8 August 2017|website=www.data.fis-ski.com/|publisher=[[International Ski Federation]] (FIS)|accessdate=8 August 2017|archive-date=2018-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209194511/https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/olympic-quotas-list.html?sectorcode=al&amp;listid=2018|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=icehockey&gt;{{cite news|title=2018 Winter Olympics|url=http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/championships/olympics/|accessdate=18 May 2015|work=[[IIHF]]|publisher=iihf.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ccski&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/olympic-quotas-list.html?sectorcode=cc&amp;listid=2018|title=Quota allocation for Cross-country skiing|date=8 August 2017|website=www.data.fis-ski.com/|publisher=[[International Ski Federation]] (FIS)|accessdate=8 August 2017|archive-date=2017-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051351/https://data.fis-ski.com/dynamic/olympic-quotas-list.html?sectorcode=CC&amp;listid=2018|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;curling&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Pyeongchang 2018 Winter Olympics|url=http://www.worldcurling.org/pyeongchang-2018-olympic-winter-games|accessdate=23 July 2016|publisher=worldcurling.org|archive-date=2018-07-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711120858/http://www.worldcurling.org/pyeongchang-2018-olympic-winter-games|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.isu.org/docman-documents-links/isu-files/documents-communications/isu-communications/15691-2136-owg-2018-provisional-allocation-entry-quotas-speed-skating/file|title=ISU Communication no. 2136|publisher=[[International Skating Union]]|accessdate=31 December 2017|archive-date=2017-12-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223230409/http://www.isu.org/docman-documents-links/isu-files/documents-communications/isu-communications/15691-2136-owg-2018-provisional-allocation-entry-quotas-speed-skating/file|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ibsf.org/en/downloads |title=Quotas&amp;nbsp;– Olympic Winter Games Pyeongchang 2018 |publisher=IBSF.org |accessdate=15 January 2018 |archive-date=2017-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170530085040/http://www.ibsf.org/en/downloads |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| colspan=2|
{{div col|colwidth=17em}}
* {{flagIOC|ALB|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|AND|2018 Winter|5}}
* {{flagIOC|ARG|2018 Winter|7}}
* {{flagIOC|ARM|2018 Winter|3}}
* {{flagIOC|AUS|2018 Winter|51}}
* {{flagIOC|AUT|2018 Winter|105}}
* {{flagIOC|AZE|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|BLR|2018 Winter|33}}
* {{flagIOC|BEL|2018 Winter|22}}
* {{flagIOC|BER|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|BOL|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|BIH|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|BRA|2018 Winter|9}}
* {{flagIOC|BUL|2018 Winter|21}}
* {{flagIOC|CAN|2018 Winter|226}}
* {{flagIOC|CHI|2018 Winter|7}}
* {{flagIOC|CHN|2018 Winter|81}}
* {{flagIOC|COL|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|CRO|2018 Winter|19}}
* {{flagIOC|CYP|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|CZE|2018 Winter|95}}
* {{flagIOC|DEN|2018 Winter|17}}
* {{flagIOC|ECU|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|ERI|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|EST|2018 Winter|22}}
* {{flagIOC|FIN|2018 Winter|106}}
* {{flagIOC|FRA|2018 Winter|107}}
* {{flagIOC|GEO|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|GER|2018 Winter|156}}
* {{flagIOC|GHA|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|GBR|2018 Winter|58}}
* {{flagIOC|GRE|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|HKG|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|HUN|2018 Winter|19}}
* {{flagIOC|ISL|2018 Winter|5}}
* {{flagIOC|IND|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|IRI|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|IRL|2018 Winter|5}}
* {{flagIOC|ISR|2018 Winter|10}}
* {{flagIOC|ITA|2018 Winter|122}}
* {{flagIOC|JAM|2018 Winter|3}}
* {{flagIOC|JPN|2018 Winter|124}}
* {{flagIOC|KAZ|2018 Winter|46}}
* {{flagIOC|KEN|2018 Winter|1}}
* ''{{flagIOC|COR|2018 Winter|35}}''{{Cref2|a|group=1}}
* {{flagIOC|PRK|2018 Winter|10}}{{Cref2|a|group=1}}
* {{flagIOC|KOR|2018 Winter|122}}{{Cref2|a|group=1}} '''(host)'''
* {{flagIOC|KOS|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|KGZ|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|LAT|2018 Winter|34}}
* {{flagIOC|LBN|2018 Winter|3}}
* {{flagIOC|LIE|2018 Winter|3}}
* {{flagIOC|LTU|2018 Winter|9}}
* {{flagIOC|LUX|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|MKD|2018 Winter|3}}
* {{flagIOC|MAD|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|MAS|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|MLT|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|MEX|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|MDA|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|MON|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|MGL|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|MNE|2018 Winter|3}}
* {{flagIOC|MAR|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|NED|2018 Winter|33}}
* {{flagIOC|NZL|2018 Winter|21}}
* {{flagIOC|NGR|2018 Winter|3}}
* {{flagIOC|NOR|2018 Winter|109}}
* ''{{flagIOC|OAR|2018 Winter|168}}''{{Cref2|b|group=1}}
* {{flagIOC|PAK|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|PHI|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|POL|2018 Winter|62}}
* {{flagIOC|POR|2018 Winter|2}}
* {{flagIOC|PUR|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|ROU|2018 Winter|27}}
* {{flagIOC|SMR|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|SRB|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|SGP|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|SVK|2018 Winter|56}}
* {{flagIOC|SLO|2018 Winter|71}}
* {{flagIOC|RSA|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|ESP|2018 Winter|13}}
* {{flagIOC|SWE|2018 Winter|116}}
* {{flagIOC|SUI|2018 Winter|169}}
* {{flagIOC|TPE|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|THA|2018 Winter|4}}
* {{flagIOC|TLS|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|TOG|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|TGA|2018 Winter|1}}
* {{flagIOC|TUR|2018 Winter|8}}
* {{flagIOC|UKR|2018 Winter|33}}
* {{flagIOC|USA|2018 Winter|242}}
* {{flagIOC|UZB|2018 Winter|2}}
|-
!NOCs that pairteecipatit in 2014, but are nae in 2018.
!NOCs that are pairteecipatin in 2018, but did nae in 2014.
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* {{flagIOC|IVB|2014 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|CAY|2014 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|DMA|2014 Winter|}}
* {{flagIOC|NEP|2014 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|PAR|2014 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|PER|2014 Winter|}}
* {{flagIOC|RUS|2014 Winter}}{{Cref2|b|group=1}}
* {{flagIOC|TJK|2014 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|VEN|2014 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|ISV|2014 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|ZIM|2014 Winter}}
{{div col end}}
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* {{flagIOC|BOL|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|COL|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|ECU|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|ERI|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|GHA|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|KEN|2018 Winter}}
* ''{{flagIOC|COR|2018 Winter|}}''{{Cref2|a|group=1}}
* {{flagIOC|PRK|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|KOS|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|MAD|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|MAS|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|NGR|2018 Winter}}
* ''{{flagIOC|OAR|2018 Winter|}}''{{Cref2|b|group=1}}
* {{flagIOC|PUR|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|SGP|2018 Winter}}
* {{flagIOC|RSA|2018 Winter}}
{{div col end}}
|}

====Nummer o athletes bi Naitional Olympic Committees (bi heichest tae lawest)====

{| class=&quot;wikitable collapsible collapsed sortable&quot; style=&quot;border:0;&quot;
|-
! [[Leet o IOC kintra codes|IOC Code]]
! Kintra
! Athletes
|-
| USA || {{flagIOC|USA|2018 Winter}} || 242
|-
| CAN || {{flagIOC|CAN|2018 Winter}} || 226
|-
| SUI || {{flagIOC|SUI|2018 Winter}} || 169
|-
| OAR || ''{{flagIOC|OAR|2018 Winter}}''{{Cref2|b|group=1}} || 168
|-
| GER || {{flagIOC|GER|2018 Winter}} || 156
|-
| JPN || {{flagIOC|JPN|2018 Winter}} || 124
|-
| ITA || {{flagIOC|ITA|2018 Winter}} || 122
|-
| KOR || {{flagIOC|KOR|2018 Winter}}{{Cref2|a|group=1}} || 122
|-
| SWE || {{flagIOC|SWE|2018 Winter}} || 116
|-
| NOR || {{flagIOC|NOR|2018 Winter}} || 109
|-
| FRA || {{flagIOC|FRA|2018 Winter}} || 107
|-
| FIN || {{flagIOC|FIN|2018 Winter}} || 106
|-
| AUT || {{flagIOC|AUT|2018 Winter}} || 105
|-
| CZE || {{flagIOC|CZE|2018 Winter}} || 95
|-
| CHN || {{flagIOC|CHN|2018 Winter}} || 81
|-
| SLO || {{flagIOC|SLO|2018 Winter}} || 71
|-
| POL || {{flagIOC|POL|2018 Winter}} || 62
|-
| GBR || {{flagIOC|GBR|2018 Winter}} || 58
|-
| SVK || {{flagIOC|SVK|2018 Winter}} || 56
|-
| AUS || {{flagIOC|AUS|2018 Winter}} || 51
|-
| KAZ || {{flagIOC|KAZ|2018 Winter}} || 46
|-
| COR || ''{{flagIOC|COR|2018 Winter}}''{{Cref2|a|group=1}} || 35
|-
| LAT || {{flagIOC|LAT|2018 Winter}} || 34
|-
| NED || {{flagIOC|NED|2018 Winter}} || 33
|-
| BLR || {{flagIOC|BLR|2018 Winter}} || 33
|-
| UKR || {{flagIOC|UKR|2018 Winter}} || 33
|-
| ROU || {{flagIOC|ROU|2018 Winter}} || 27
|-
| EST || {{flagIOC|EST|2018 Winter}} || 22
|-
| BEL || {{flagIOC|BEL|2018 Winter}} || 22
|-
| BUL || {{flagIOC|BUL|2018 Winter}} || 21
|-
| NZL || {{flagIOC|NZL|2018 Winter}} || 21
|-
| CRO || {{flagIOC|CRO|2018 Winter}} || 19
|-
| HUN || {{flagIOC|HUN|2018 Winter}} || 19
|-
| DEN || {{flagIOC|DEN|2018 Winter}} || 17
|-
| ESP || {{flagIOC|ESP|2018 Winter}} || 13
|-
| ISR || {{flagIOC|ISR|2018 Winter}} || 10
|-
| PRK || {{flagIOC|PRK|2018 Winter}}{{Cref2|a|group=1}} || 10
|-
| BRA || {{flagIOC|BRA|2018 Winter}} || 9
|-
| LTU || {{flagIOC|LTU|2018 Winter}} || 9
|-
| TUR || {{flagIOC|TUR|2018 Winter}} || 8
|-
| CHI || {{flagIOC|CHI|2018 Winter}} || 7
|-
| ARG || {{flagIOC|ARG|2018 Winter}} || 7
|-
| AND || {{flagIOC|AND|2018 Winter}} || 5
|-
| ISL || {{flagIOC|ISL|2018 Winter}} || 5
|-
| IRL || {{flagIOC|IRL|2018 Winter}} || 5
|-
| BIH || {{flagIOC|BIH|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| COL || {{flagIOC|COL|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| GEO || {{flagIOC|GEO|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| GRE || {{flagIOC|GRE|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| IRI || {{flagIOC|IRI|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| MEX || {{flagIOC|MEX|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| MON || {{flagIOC|MON|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| SRB || {{flagIOC|SRB|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| TPE || {{flagIOC|TPE|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| THA || {{flagIOC|THA|2018 Winter}} || 4
|-
| ARM || {{flagIOC|ARM|2018 Winter}} || 3
|-
| JAM || {{flagIOC|JAM|2018 Winter}} || 3
|-
| LBN || {{flagIOC|LBN|2018 Winter}} || 3
|-
| LIE || {{flagIOC|LIE|2018 Winter}} || 3
|-
| MKD || {{flagIOC|MKD|2018 Winter}} || 3
|-
| MNE || {{flagIOC|MNE|2018 Winter}} || 3
|-
| NGR || {{flagIOC|NGR|2018 Winter}} || 3
|-
| ALB || {{flagIOC|ALB|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| BOL || {{flagIOC|BOL|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| IND || {{flagIOC|IND|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| KGZ || {{flagIOC|KGZ|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| MAS || {{flagIOC|MAS|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| MDA || {{flagIOC|MDA|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| MGL || {{flagIOC|MGL|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| MAR || {{flagIOC|MAR|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| PAK || {{flagIOC|PAK|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| PHI || {{flagIOC|PHI|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| POR || {{flagIOC|POR|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| UZB || {{flagIOC|UZB|2018 Winter}} || 2
|-
| AZE || {{flagIOC|AZE|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| BER || {{flagIOC|BER|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| CYP || {{flagIOC|CYP|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| ECU || {{flagIOC|ECU|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| ERI || {{flagIOC|ERI|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| GHA || {{flagIOC|GHA|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| HKG || {{flagIOC|HKG|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| KEN || {{flagIOC|KEN|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| KOS || {{flagIOC|KOS|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| LUX || {{flagIOC|LUX|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| MAD || {{flagIOC|MAD|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| MLT || {{flagIOC|MLT|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| PUR || {{flagIOC|PUR|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| SMR || {{flagIOC|SMR|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| SGP || {{flagIOC|SGP|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| RSA || {{flagIOC|RSA|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| TLS || {{flagIOC|TLS|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| TGA || {{flagIOC|TGA|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
| TOG || {{flagIOC|TOG|2018 Winter}} || 1
|-
|}

{{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=disc}}
{{Cnote2|a|n=0|group=1|&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; A [[Korea at the 2018 Winter Olympics|unifee'd Korean team]] conseestin o players frae baith [[North Korea]] an [[Sooth Korea]] is competin in the [[Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics&amp;nbsp;– Weemen's toornament|weemen's ice hockey toornament]] follaein talks in [[Panmunjom]] on 17 Januar 2018. O the 35 players on the team, 12 are frae North Korea an 23 are frae Sooth Korea.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-42721417|title=Koreas to carry single flag at Olympics|date=30 January 2018|publisher=|accessdate=30 January 2018|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{{Cnote2|b|n=0|group=1|&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; [[Roushie at the Olympics|Roushie]] hostit the [[2014 Winter Olympics]], but follaein the [[Dopin in Roushie|dopin controversy]] the [[Roushie Olympic Committee]] wis suspendit wi an option for Roushie athletes tae pairteecipate as [[Olympic Athletes frae Roushie at the 2018 Winter Olympics|Olympic Athletes frae Roushie (OAR)]] if cleared bi the IOC commission.}}
{{Cnote2 End}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{Olympic Gemmes}}

[[Category:2018 in multi-sport events|Winter Olympics]]
[[Category:2018 in Sooth Korea|Winter Olympics]]
[[Category:2018 Winter Olympics| ]]
[[Category:Sport in Pyeongchang]]
[[Category:Winter Olympic Gemmes]]</text>
      <sha1>2ez9qh1ray4ftdyu1k2tg3f0jgrj8lo</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)</title>
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{{Infobox film
| name         = Beauty and the Beast
| image        = Beautybeastposter.jpg
| alt          = 
| caption      = North American theatrical [[Film poster#Teaser poster|teaser poster]] bi [[John Alvin]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Jocelyn|last=Stewart|title=Artist created many famous film posters|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/california/la-me-alvin10feb10,1,5113268.story|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314184353/http://articles.latimes.com/2008/feb/10/local/me-alvin10|archivedate=March 14, 2010 |work=Los Angeles Times|date=Februar 10, 2008|accessdate=Februar 10, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| director     = {{Plainlist|
* [[Gary Trousdale]]
* [[Kirk Wise]]
}}
| producer     = [[Don Hahn]]
| screenplay   = [[Linda Woolverton]]
| story        = {{Plainlist|
* [[Roger Allers]]
* [[Brenda Chapman]]
* [[Chris Sanders (director)|Chris Sanders]]
* [[Burny Mattinson]]
* Kevin Harkey
* [[Brian Pimental]]
* Bruce Woodside
* [[Joe Ranft]]
* Tom Ellery
* [[Kelly Asbury]]
* Robert Lence 
}}
| based on     = {{based on|''[[Beauty and the Beast]]''|[[Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont]]}}
| starring     = {{Plainlist|
* [[Paige O'Hara]]
* [[Robby Benson]]
* [[Richard White (actor)|Richard White]]
* [[Jerry Orbach]]
* [[David Ogden Stiers]]
* [[Angela Lansbury]]
* [[Rex Everhart]]
* [[Jesse Corti]]
}}
| narrator     = [[David Ogden Stiers]] &lt;small&gt;(prologue)&lt;/small&gt;
| muisic       = [[Alan Menken]] &lt;!-- Do nae add Howard Ashman; this field anly calls for muisic composers. --&gt;
| editing      = [[John Carnochan]]
| production companies = {{Plainlist|
* [[Walt Disney Pictures]]&lt;ref name=afi&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&amp;Movie=55212|title=Beauty and the Beast|work=[[American Film Institute]]|accessdate=March 28, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Walt Disney Animation Studios|Walt Disney Feature Animation]]&lt;ref name=numbers&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Beauty-and-the-Beast-(1991)#tab=summary|title=Beauty and the Beast (1991)|work=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]]|accessdate=April 3, 2017}}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Silver Screen Partners|Silver Screen Partners IV]]&lt;ref name=afi/&gt;
}}
| distributor = [[Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures|Buena Vista Pictures]]&lt;ref name=afi/&gt;
| released    = {{Film date|1991|9|29|[[New York Film Festival]]|1991|11|22|United States}} &lt;!-- First and Country of Origin releases anly per WP:FILMRELEASE. --&gt;
| runtime     = 84 meenits&lt;!--Theatrical runtime: 84:16--&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/beauty-and-beast-film | title=''Beauty and the Beast'' (U) | work=[[British Board of Film Classification]] | date=February 5, 1992 | accessdate=September 28, 2016 | archive-date=2016-10-02 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002071613/http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/beauty-and-beast-film | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| kintra      = Unitit States
| leid        = Inglis
| budget      = $25 million&lt;ref name=&quot;box office&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=beautyandthebeast.htm|title=Beauty and the Beast|work=[[Box Office Mojo]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| gross       = $425 million&lt;ref name=&quot;box office&quot; /&gt;
}}
'''''Beauty and the Beast''''' is a 1991 American [[Animation|animatit]] [[Muisical film|muisical]] [[romantic fantasie]] [[Drama (film an television)|drama]] film produced bi [[Walt Disney Animation Studios|Walt Disney Featur Animation]] an released bi [[Walt Disney Pictures]]. The 30t [[Leet of Walt Disney Animation Studios films|Disney animatit featur film]] an the third released durin the [[Disney Renaissance]] period, it is based on the French [[Beauty and the Beast|fairy tale o the same name]] bi [[Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont]], who wis an aa credited in the Inglis version as well as in the French version,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|first=Jeanne-Marie|last=Le Prince de Beaumont|url=http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/beauty.html|journal=The Young Misses Magazine|title=Containing Dialogues between a Governess and Several Young Ladies of Quality Her Scholars|edition=4|volume=1|location=London|year=1783|pages=45–67}}&lt;/ref&gt; an ideas frae the [[Beauty and the Beast (1946 film)|1946 French film]] directed bi [[Jean Cocteau]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.toacorn.com/news/2007/0802/dining_and_entertainment/048.html Toacorn.com: Dining and Entertainment section: &quot;''Beauty and the Beast'' stellar&quot; Play review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080708215712/http://www.toacorn.com/news/2007/0802/dining_and_entertainment/048.html |date=2008-07-08 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Beauty and the Beast'' focuses on the relationship atween the Beast (vyce o [[Robby Benson]]),&lt;ref name=&quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;/&gt; a prince who is magically transformed intae a monster as punishment for his arrogance, an Belle (vyce o [[Paige O'Hara]]),&lt;ref name=&quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;/&gt; a young woman whom he imprisons in his castle. Tae acome a prince again, Beast must learn tae luve Belle an earn her luve in return tae avoid remainin a monster forever. The film featurs the vyces o [[Richard White (actor)|Richard White]], [[Jerry Orbach]], [[David Ogden Stiers]], an [[Angela Lansbury]] an aw.&lt;ref name=&quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/68299/Beauty-And-The-Beast/full-credits.html|title=Beauty and the Beast|work=[[Turner Classic Movies]]|accessdate=May 9, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Walt Disney]] first attemptit unsuccessfully tae adapt ''Beauty and the Beast'' intae an animatit film durin the 1930s an 1950s. Follaein the success o ''[[The Little Mermaid (1989 film)|The Little Mermaid]]'' (1989), Walt Disney Pictures decidit tae adapt the fairy tale, which Richard Purdum oreeginally conceived as a non-muisical. Disney chairman [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] eventually dismissed Purdum's idea an ordered that the film be a muisical seemilar tae ''The Little Mermaid'' insteid. The film wis directit bi [[Gary Trousdale]] an [[Kirk Wise]], wi a screenplay bi [[Linda Woolverton]] story first creditit tae [[Roger Allers]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;/&gt; Lyricist [[Howard Ashman]] an componer [[Alan Menken]] wrote the film's sangs. Ashman, who addeetionally served as the film's executive producer, died o [[HIV/AIDS|AIDS]]-relatit complications aicht months afore the film's release, an the film is sicweys dedicatit tae his memory.

''Beauty and the Beast'' premiered as an unfinished film at the [[New York Film Festival]] on September 29, 1991, followed bi its theatrical release as a completit film at the [[El Capitan Theatre]] on November 13. The film wis a box office success, grossing $425 million warldwide on a $25 million budget. ''Beauty and the Beast'' received positive reviews frae critics; it won the [[Golden Globe Award]] for [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy|Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy]] an acame the first animatit film tae be nominated for the [[Academy Award]] for [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]. It wan the [[Academy Award for Best Original Score]] an [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Best Original Song]] for its title song. In Apryle 1994, ''Beauty and the Beast'' acame Disney's first animatit film tae be adapted intae a [[Beauty and the Beast (musical)|Broadway musical]]. The success o the film spawned twa [[direct-to-video]] follae-ups: ''[[Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas]]'' (1997) an ''[[Belle's Magical World|Beauty and the Beast: Belle's Magical World]]'' (1998). This wis followed bi a spin-off television series, ''[[Sing Me a Story with Belle]]''. An [[IMAX]] version wis released in 2002 that included &quot;[[Human Again (Beauty and the Beast)|Human Again]]&quot;, a new five-minute musical sequence. Efter the success of the 3D re-release o ''[[The Lion King]]'', the film wis reissued in 3D in 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='Beauty and the Beast', 'The Little Mermaid', 'Finding Nemo', 'Monsters, Inc.' get 3-D re-releases|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2011/10/04/disney-3d-beauty-beast-mermaid|work=Entertainment Weekly|accessdate=October 27, 2011|date=October 4, 2011|first=Grady|last=Smith}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2002, the film wis selected for preservation in the [[National Film Registry]] bi the [[Library of Congress]] for bein &quot;culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant&quot;. A [[Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)|live-action remake]] o the film wis released on Mairch 17, 2017.

==Plot==
&lt;!-- Per WP:FILMPLOT, plot summaries for feature films are to be between 400 to 700 words only. --&gt;
In [[Rococo]]-era Fraunce, an enchantress disguised as a beggar offers a cauld-hearted prince an enchanted rose for shelter. When he refuses, she transforms him intae a monstrous beast and casts a spell on the castle. She gies him a magic mirror that enables him to view faraway events, alang with the rose. The prince is warned that, unless he learns to luve anither and earn thair luve in return afore the rose's last petal faws on his 21st birthday, he will lose his humanity forever

Ten years later, Belle dreams of adventure and brushes off advances frae Gaston, an arrogant muscular hunter. Lost in the forest while traivelin to a fair to present his latest invention, Belle's faither Maurice seeks refuge in the Beast's castle. Efter Maurice befriends the castle's servants, houiver, the Beast imprisons him. Belle ventures out in sairch for him and finds him locked in the castle's dungeon. The Beast agrees to let her tak Maurice's place.

Befriending the castle's servants, Belle is treatit to a spectacular dinner. When she wanders intae the forbidden West Wing, the Beast, enraged, frightens her intae the woods. She is cornered bi wolves, but the Beast rescues Belle and gets injured in the process. He begins to develop feelings for her while she nurses his wounds and he delights her bi shawin his extensive library.

Returning tae the veelage, Maurice is unable to convince the townsfolk to rescue Belle and is left out in the woods. Gaston, sulking ower Belle's rejections, decides to send Maurice to an insane asylum if Belle refuses Gaston's proposal again.

Efter sharin a romantic dance with the Beast, Belle discovers her faither's predicament uisin the magic mirror. The Beast releases her to save Maurice, giein her the mirror to remember him with. Back at her veelage, Belle proves Maurice's sanity bi revealing the beast in the mirror tae the townsfolk. Realizing that Belle loves the Beast, Gaston haes her thrown intae her basement with her faither and rallies the villagers to follae him tae the castle to slay the Beast. With Chip's aid, Maurice and Belle escape and Belle rushes back tae the castle.

During the battle, the servants fend off the villagers. Gaston attacks the Beast in his touer, who is too depressed to fecht back, but regains his will upon seein Belle return. He spares Gaston's life afore reuniting with Belle. Houiver, Gaston stabs the Beast, but he loses his footing and faws to his daith.{{refn|Speaking together, with some crosstalk, [[Gary Trousdale]], [[Kirk Wise]], [[Don Hahn]] and [[Alan Menken]] confirmed on the audio commentary that Gaston died after he fell off the rooftops.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot;/&gt;|group=lower-alpha}} The Beast dies as the last petal faws. When Belle tearfully professes her luve to him, the curse is undone, repairing the castle and restoring the Beast's and servants' human forms. The Prince and Belle host a ball for the kingdom, whaur thay dance happily.

==Cast==
* [[Paige O'Hara]] as Belle&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated3&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/10top10/moviedetail.aspx?id=1&amp; |title=10 Top 10 |publisher=AFI |date=November 13, 1991 |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – A [[bibliophilia|bibliophilic]] young woman who seeks adventure, an offers her ain freedom tae the Beast in return for her faither's. In thair effort to enhance the character frae the oreeginal story, the filmmakers felt that Belle should be &quot;unaware&quot; of her ain beauty and made her &quot;a little odd&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot;&gt;{{cite video|title=Tale as Old as Time: The Making of Beauty and the Beast |medium=VCD |publisher=Walt Disney Home Entertainment |date=2002}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wise recalls castin O'Hara acause o a &quot;unique tone&quot; she haed, &quot;a little bit of [[Judy Garland]]&quot;, efter whose appearance Belle wis modeled.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Thomas |first=Bob |year=1991 |title=Disney's Art of Animation: From Mickey Mouse to Beauty and the Beast |url=https://archive.org/details/disneysartofanim00thom |publisher= Hyperion |location=New York. |pages=[https://archive.org/details/disneysartofanim00thom/page/160 160]–2 |isbn=1-56282-899-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[James Baxter (animator)|James Baxter]] and [[Mark Henn]] served as the supervising animators for Belle.
* [[Robby Benson]] as The Prince / Beast &lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated3&quot; /&gt; – A young prince who is transformed intae a beast bi an enchantress as punishment for his arrogance. He haes the heid structur and horns of an [[American bison]], the arms and body o a [[bear]], the lugs o a [[deer]], the eyebrows o a [[gorilla]], the jaws, teeth, an mane o a [[lion]], the tusks o a [[wild boar]] and the legs and tail o a [[wolf]]. [[Chris Sanders (director)|Chris Sanders]], ane of the film's storyboard artists, drafted the designs for the Beast and came up with designs based on birds, insects, an fish afore coming up with something close tae the final design. [[Glen Keane]], supervising animator for the Beast, refined the design bi going tae the zoo and studyin the ainimals on which the Beast wis based.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot;&gt;Trousdale, Gary; Wise, Kirk; Hahn, Don; and Menken, Alan (2002). DVD audio commentary for ''Beauty and the Beast: Special Edition.'' Walt Disney Home Entertainment&lt;/ref&gt; Benson commented, &quot;There's a rage and torment in this character I've never been asked to use before.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,316461,00.html |title=Oh, You Beast: Robby Benson roars to his roots – The former teen idol is the voice of Beast in ''Beauty and the Beast'' |last=Cagle |first=Jess |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=December 13, 1991 |accessdate=February 2, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209041804/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C316461%2C00.html |archivedate=February 9, 2009 |deadurl=no |df= }}&lt;/ref&gt; The filmmakers commented that &quot;everybody was big fee-fi-fo-fum and gravelly&quot; while Benson's vyce haed the &quot;big voice and the warm, accessible side&quot; and that &quot;you could hear the prince beneath the fur&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt;
* [[Richard White (actor)|Richard White]] as [[Gaston (Disney)|Gaston]]&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated3&quot;/&gt; – A vain hunter who vies for Belle's haund in marriage and is determined nae to let anyone else win her hert. He serves as a [[Foil (literature)|foil]] personality tae the Beast, who wis ance as egotistic as Gaston prior to his transformation. Gaston's supervising animator, [[Andreas Deja]], wis pressed bi Jeffrey Katzenberg to mak Gaston handsome in contrast tae the traditional appearance o a Disney villain, an assignment he foond difficult at first. In the beginnin, Gaston is depicted as mair o a narcissist than a villain, but later he leads all the villagers to kill the beast, enraged that Belle wad luve a Beast mair nor him.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Thomas |first=Bob |year=1991 |title=Disney's Art of Animation: From Mickey Mouse to Beauty and the Beast |url=https://archive.org/details/disneysartofanim00thom |publisher= Hyperion |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/disneysartofanim00thom/page/178 178] |isbn=1-56282-899-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Jerry Orbach]] as Lumière&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.empireonline.com/features/50-greatest-animated-characters/default.asp?film=39 |title=The 50 Best Animated Movie Characters &amp;#124; 39. Lumiere &amp;#124; Empire |publisher=www.empireonline.com |date= |accessdate=April 12, 2014 |archive-date=2015-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928021942/http://www.empireonline.com/features/50-greatest-animated-characters/default.asp?film=39 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; – The kynd-hearted but rebellious [[valet]] of the Beast's, who haes been transformed intae a caunlestick. He haes a habit of disobeying his master's strict rules, whiles causin tension atween them, but the Beast eften turns to him for advice. He is depicted as flirtatious, as he is frequently seen with the Featherduster and immediately takes a liking to Belle. A running gag throughout the movie is Lumière burning Cogsworth. [[Nik Ranieri]] served as the supervising animator for Lumière.
* [[David Ogden Stiers]] as Cogsworth&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://voices.yahoo.com/david-ogden-stiers-comes-out-after-decades-the-3269942.html?cat=7 |title=David Ogden Stiers Comes Out After Decades in the Closet - Yahoo Voices |publisher=voices.yahoo.com |first=Robert |last=Dougherty |date=March 11, 2009 |accessdate=April 12, 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118095950/http://voices.yahoo.com/david-ogden-stiers-comes-out-after-decades-the-3269942.html?cat=7 |archivedate=January 18, 2014 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118095950/http://voices.yahoo.com/david-ogden-stiers-comes-out-after-decades-the-3269942.html?cat=7 |date=2014-01-18 }}&lt;/ref&gt; – [[Majordomo]], the heid of the household staff and Lumière's best friend, who haes been transformed intae a clock. He is extremely loyal tae the Beast sae as to save himsel and anyone else ony trouble, eften leadin to friction atween himsel and Lumière. [[Will Finn]] served as the supervising animator for Cogsworth. Stiers an aa narrates the prologue.
* [[Angela Lansbury]] as Mrs. Potts&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Alexander |first=Bryan |url=http://www.nbcbayarea.com/blogs/popcornbiz/Angela-Lansbury-Proud-To-Be-Mrs-Potts-from-Beauty-and-the-Beast-Forever-104510974.html |title=Angela Lansbury Proud To Be Mrs. Potts from &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot; Forever |publisher=NBC Bay Area |date=May 30, 2012 |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – The castle cook, turned intae a teapot, who takes a mitherly attitude toward Belle. The filmmakers went throu several names for Mrs. Potts, sic as &quot;Mrs. Chamomile&quot;, afore Ashman suggestit the uise of semple and concise names for the household objects.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt; [[David Pruiksma]] served as the supervising animator for Mrs. Potts.
* [[Bradley Pierce]] as Chip&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/bradley_michael_pierce/ |title=Bradley Pierce |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date= |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – Mrs. Potts' son, who haes been turned intae a teacup. Oreeginally intendit to anly hae ane line, the filmmakers war impressed with Pierce's performance and expanded the character's role significantly, eschewing a mute Muisic Box character.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt; Pruiksma an aa served as the supervising animator for Chip.
* [[Rex Everhart]] as Maurice&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated3&quot; /&gt; – Belle's inventor faither. The villagers see him as insane for crafting devices believed impossible to big in reality, but his loyal dochter believes he will be famous ane day. [[Ruben A. Aquino]] served as the supervising animator for Maurice.
* [[Jesse Corti]] as Le Fou&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated3&quot; /&gt; –  Gaston's eften abused yet loyal sidekick. Chris Wahl served as the supervising animator for Le Fou.
* [[Hal Smith (actor)|Hal Smith]] as Philippe&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/hal_smith/ |title=Hal Smith |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date=January 1, 1970 |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; –  Belle's [[Belgian horse]]. [[Russ Edmonds]] served as the supervising animator for Philippe.
* [[Jo Anne Worley]] as the Wardrobe&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/jo_anne_worley/ |title=Jo Anne Worley |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date=January 1, 1970 |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – The castle's authority ower fashion, an a umwhile opera sangster, who haes been turned intae a wardrobe. The character of Wardrobe wis introduced bi visual development person Sue C. Nichols tae the then entirely male cast of servants, an wis oreeginally a mair integral character named &quot;Madame Armoire&quot;. Wardrobe is kent as &quot;Madame de la Grande Bouche&quot; (Madame Big Mooth) in the stage adaptation of the film and is the anly major enchanted object character whose human form daes nae appear in the film. [[Tony Anselmo]] served as the supervising animator for the Wardrobe.
* [[Mary Kay Bergman]] and [[Kath Soucie]] as the Bimbettes&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/kath_soucie/ |title=Kath Soucie |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date=January 1, 1970 |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – A trio of veelage maidens who constantly fawn ower Gaston, kent as the &quot;Silly Girls&quot; in the stage adaptation.
* [[Brian Cummings]] as the Stove&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/brian_cummings/ |title=Brian Cummings |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date=January 1, 1970 |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – The castle's [[chef]] who haes been transformed intae a stove. He is named Chef Bouche in 1998's ''[[Belle's Magical World]]''.
* Alvin Epstein as the Bookseller&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/alvin-epstein/ |title=Alvin Epstein |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date=January 1, 1970 |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – The ainer o a beuk shop in Belle's home toun.
* [[Tony Jay]] as Monsieur D'Arque&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/tony_jay/ |title=Tony Jay |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date=January 1, 1970 |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – The sadistic warden of the Asylum de Loons. Gaston bribes him to help in his plan to blackmail Belle.
* Alec Murphy as the Baker&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/alec_murphy/ |title=Alec Murphy |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date=January 1, 1970 |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – The ainer o a bakery in Belle's home toun.
* [[Kimmy Robertson]] as the Featherduster&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/mary_kay_bergman/ |title=Mary Kay Bergman |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date=January 1, 1970 |accessdate=April 12, 2014 |archive-date=2017-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171128061611/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/mary_kay_bergman |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; – A maid and Lumière's sweetheart, who haes been turned intae a feather duster. She is unnamed in the 1991 film (listed as Featherduster in the credits); Babette is the name gien to this character later in the 1994 stage adaptation of the film; Fifi in the 1998 animated musical film ''[[Belle's Magical World]]'' and Plumette in the 2017 live-action remake.
* [[Frank Welker]] as Sultan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.awn.com/mag/issue5.01/5.01pages/welkerfilmography.php3 |title=Frank Welker Filmography |publisher=Awn.com |date= |accessdate=April 12, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; – The castle's pet dug turned intae a [[footstool]].

==Production==
===Early versions===
Efter the success of ''[[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]]'' in 1937, [[Walt Disney]] sought out ither stories to adapt intae featur films, with ''Beauty and the Beast'' being amang the stories he considered.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Drawing the Line: The Untold Story of the Animation Unions From Bosko to Bart Simpson |url=https://archive.org/details/drawinglineuntol00sito |last=Sito |first=Tom |year=2006 |publisher=The University Press of Kentucky |isbn=0-8131-2407-7 |page=[https://archive.org/details/drawinglineuntol00sito/page/301 301]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Attempts to develop the ''Beauty and the Beast'' story intae a film war made in the 1930s and 1950s, but war ultimately gien up acause it &quot;proved to be a challenge&quot; for the story team.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt; Peter M. Nichols states Disney mey later hae been discouraged bi [[Jean Cocteau]] haein already done [[Beauty and the Beast (1946 film)|his 1946 version]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Nichols&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=The New York Times Essential Library: Children's Movies |url=https://archive.org/details/childrensmoviesc00nich |first=Peter M. |last=Nichols |year=2003 |publisher=Henry Holt and Company |location=New York |isbn=0-8050-7198-9 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/childrensmoviesc00nich/page/27 27]–30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Decades later, during the production of ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit]]'' in 1987, the Disney studio resurrected ''Beauty and the Beast'' as a project for the satellite animation studio it haed set up in London, England to work on ''Roger Rabbit''. [[Richard Williams (animator)|Richard Williams]], who haed directed the animated portions of ''Roger Rabbit'', wis approached to direct but declined in favor of continuing work on his lang-gestating project ''[[The Thief and the Cobbler]]''. In his place, Williams recommended his colleague, Inglis animation director Richard Purdum, an work began under producer [[Don Hahn]] on a non-musical version of ''Beauty and the Beast'' set in 19t century Fraunce.&lt;ref name=&quot;wakingsleepingbeauty&quot;&gt;{{cite video|people=[[Don Hahn|Hahn, Don]] |title=[[Waking Sleeping Beauty]] |medium=Documentary film |publisher=Stone Circle Pictures/Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures |location=Burbank, California |date=2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt; At the behest of Disney CEO [[Michael Eisner]], ''Beauty and the Beast'' became the first Disney animated film to uise a screenwriter. This wis an unusual production muive for an animated film, which is tradeetionally developit on [[storyboard]]s rather than in scripted form. [[Linda Woolverton]] wrote the oreeginal draft of the story afore storyboarding began, an worked with the story team to retool and develop the film.&lt;ref name=&quot;story&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Thomas |first=Bob |year=1991 |title=Disney's Art of Animation: From Mickey Mouse to Beauty and the Beast |url=https://archive.org/details/disneysartofanim00thom |publisher=Hyperion |location=New York |pages=[https://archive.org/details/disneysartofanim00thom/page/142 142]–7 |isbn=1-56282-899-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Script rewrite and musicalization===
[[File:Jeffrey Katzenberg 2010 Shrek Shankbone.jpg|thumb|upright|Upon seein the initial storyboard reels in 1989, Walt Disney Studios chairman [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] ordered that the film be scrapped and stairtit ower frae scratch.]]
Upon seein the initial storyboard reels in 1989, Walt Disney Studios chairman [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] ordered that the film be scrapped and stairtit ower frae scratch. A few months efter stairtin anew, Purdum resigned as director. The studio haed approached [[Ron Clements]] and [[John Musker]] to direct the film, but thay turned down the offer, saying thay war &quot;tired&quot; efter juist haein finished directing Disney's recent success ''[[The Little Mermaid (1989 film)|The Little Mermaid]]''. Disney then hired first-time featur directors [[Kirk Wise]] and [[Gary Trousdale]]. Wise and Trousdale haed previously directed the animated sections of ''[[Cranium Command]]'', a short film for a Disney [[EPCOT]] theme park attraction. In addition, Katzenberg asked songwriters [[Howard Ashman]] and [[Alan Menken]], who haed written the song score for ''The Little Mermaid'', to turn ''Beauty and the Beast'' intae a Broadway-style musical film in the same vein as ''Mermaid''. Ashman, who at the time haed learned he wis dying of complications frae AIDS, haed been wirkin with Disney on a pet project of his, ''[[Aladdin (1992 Disney film)|Aladdin]]'', and anly reluctantly agreed to jyne the strugglin production team. To accommodate Ashman's failing heal, pre-production of ''Beauty and the Beast'' wis moved frae London tae the [[Residence Inn]] in [[Fishkill, New York]], close to Ashman's New York City home.&lt;ref name=&quot;wakingsleepingbeauty&quot; /&gt; Here, Ashman and Menken jynt Wise, Trousdale, Hahn, an Woolverton in retooling the film's script.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;story&quot; /&gt; Syne the oreeginal story haed anly twa major characters, the filmmakers enhanced them, added new characters in the form of enchanted household items who &quot;add warmth and comedy to a gloomy story&quot; and guide the audience throu the film, an added a &quot;real villain&quot; in the form of Gaston.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt;

Thir ideas war somewhat seemilar to elements of the 1946 French film version of ''Beauty and the Beast'', which introduced the character of Avenant, an oafish suitor somewhat seemilar to Gaston,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Jerome |last=Griswold |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ecQuvwSSgzEC&amp;pg=RA1-PA249&amp;dq=%22gaston%22%22beauty+and+the+beast%22%22avenant%22&amp;cd=1#v=onepage&amp;q=%22gaston%22%22beauty%20and%20the%20beast%22%22avenant%22 |title=The Meanings of &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;: A Handbook |publisher=Broadview Press |year=2004 |page=249 |isbn=1-55111-563-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; as well as inanimate objects coming to life in the Beast's castle.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://people.wcsu.edu/mccarneyh/fva/c/La_Belle_et_la_Bete_780.html |title=La Belle et la Bete |first=Kim |last=Humphreville |work=WCSU |accessdate=July 15, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; The animated objects war, houiver, gien distinct personalities in the Disney version. Bi early 1990, Katzenberg haed approved the revised script, an storyboarding began again.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;story&quot; /&gt; The production flew story artists back and forth atween California and New York for storyboard approvals frae Ashman, tho the team wis nae told the reason why.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt;

===Castin and recording===
Disney haed oreeginally considered castin [[Jodi Benson]] frae ''The Little Mermaid'' as Belle.&lt;ref name=&quot;disneyvoiceactors&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Hischak|first=Thomas S|title=Voice Guide to Disney Animated Films and Characters|work=Disney Voice Actors A Biographical Dictionary|publisher=McFarland &amp; Company, Inc|accessdate=June 21, 2013|page=158|year=2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Thay eventually decidit upon Broadway actress and sangster [[Paige O'Hara]] in favor of haein a heroine who sounded &quot;more like a woman than a girl&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;o'haranbc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Huver|first=Scott|title=&quot;Beauty and the Beast 3D&quot; Gives Original Star Paige O'Hara a Whole New Perspective|url=http://www.nbcchicago.com/blogs/popcornbiz/Beauty-and-the-Beast-3D-Gives-Original-Star-Paige-OHara-a-New-Perspective-137157048.html|work=NBC Chicago|publisher=NBCUniversal Media, LLC|accessdate=June 21, 2013|date=May 30, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Accordin to co-director Kirk Wise, O'Hara wis gien the role acause she &quot;had a unique quality, a tone she would hit that made her special&quot;,&lt;ref name=&quot;o'harasentinel&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Rusoff|first=Jane Wollman|title=Beauty &amp; The Bridge First She Charmed Us With Her Voice In Beauty And The Beast. Now Fort Lauderdale's Paige O'hara Takes On A Very Different Role In A Film About Chappaquiddick.|url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1992-11-22/features/9203020414_1_ted-kennedy-paige-o-hara-chappaquiddick-island/2|work=Sun-Sentinel|publisher=The Sun-Sentinel|accessdate=June 21, 2013|date=November 22, 1992|archive-date=2016-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302111605/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1992-11-22/features/9203020414_1_ted-kennedy-paige-o-hara-chappaquiddick-island/2|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; reminiscent to that of American actress and sangster [[Judy Garland]].&lt;ref name=&quot;o'haraboxoffice&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Nicholson |first=Amy |title=Meet Paige O'Hara: The Voice—And More—Of Disney's Smartest Heroine |url=http://pro.boxoffice.com/articles/2012-01-meet-paige-ohara-the-voice-and-more-of-disneys-smartest-heroine |work=Boxoffice |publisher=Boxoffice Media |accessdate=June 21, 2013 |date=January 13, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221102310/http://pro.boxoffice.com/articles/2012-01-meet-paige-ohara-the-voice-and-more-of-disneys-smartest-heroine |archivedate=December 21, 2014 |df= }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221102310/http://pro.boxoffice.com/articles/2012-01-meet-paige-ohara-the-voice-and-more-of-disneys-smartest-heroine |date=2014-12-21 }}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Hara, who, efter readin aboot the film in ''[[The New York Times]]'',&lt;ref name=&quot;o'haradisneydreaming&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Interview With Paige O'Hara, The Voice Of Belle In &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;|url=http://www.disneydreaming.com/2010/10/05/interview-with-paige-ohara-the-voice-of-belle-in-beauty-and-the-beast/|work=Disney Dreaming|publisher=DisneyDreaming.com|accessdate=June 21, 2013|date=October 5, 2010|archive-date=2012-03-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312203952/http://www.disneydreaming.com/2010/10/05/interview-with-paige-ohara-the-voice-of-belle-in-beauty-and-the-beast|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; competit for the role against 500 hopefuls,&lt;ref name=&quot;o'haraonthebox&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Sands|first=Jez|title=Beauty And The Beast: Paige O'Hara Interview|url=http://blog.onthebox.com/2010/10/25/beauty-and-the-beast-paige-ohara-interview/|work=On the Box|publisher=OntheBox.com|accessdate=June 21, 2013|date=October 25, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; believes the fact that lyricist Howard Ashman admired her [[cast recording]] of the musical ''[[Show Boat]]'' proved integral in her being cast.&lt;ref name=&quot;bwayworldo'hara&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Cerasaro|first=Pat|title=SPOTLIGHT ON BEAUTY &amp; THE BEAST 3D: Paige O'Hara|url=http://broadwayworld.com/article/SPOTLIGHT-ON-BEAUTY-THE-BEAST-3D-Paige-OHara-20120125|work=Broadway World|publisher=Wisdom Digital Media|accessdate=June 21, 2013|date=January 25, 2012|archive-date=2016-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302111626/http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/SPOTLIGHT-ON-BEAUTY-THE-BEAST-3D-Paige-OHara-20120125|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Animation===
Production of ''Beauty and the Beast'' wis tae be completit on a compressed timeline of twa years rather than the traditional fower-year Disney Featur Animation production schedule; this wis due tae the loss of production time spent developin the earlier Purdum version of the film.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt; Most of the production wis done at the main Featur Animation studio, housed in the Air Way facility in [[Glendale, California]]. A smawer team at the [[Disney-MGM Studios]] [[theme park]] in [[Lake Buena Vista, Florida]] assisted the California team on several scenes, parteecularly the &quot;Be Our Guest&quot; nummer.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt;

''Beauty and the Beast'' wis the seicont film, efter ''[[The Rescuers Down Under]]'', produced uisin [[Computer Animation Production System|CAPS (Computer Animation Production System)]], a digital scanning, ink, paint, an compositing system of software and hardware developit for Disney bi [[Pixar]].&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wakingsleepingbeauty&quot; /&gt; The software allowed for a wider range of colors, as well as soft shading and coloured line effects for the characters, techniques lost when the Disney studio abandoned haund inking for [[xerography]] in the late 1950s. CAPS an aa allowed the production crew to simulate [[multiplane]] effects: placin characters and/or backgrounds on separate layers and muivin them towards/away frae the camera on the [[Z-axis]] to gie the illusion of depth, as well as altering the focus of each layer.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt;

In addition, CAPS allowed an easier combination of haund-drawn airt with [[computer-generated imagery]], which afore haed tae be [[plotter|plotted]] to animation paper and then xeroxed and painted tradeetionally.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;(2006) Audio Commentary bi John Musker, Ron Clements, and Alan Menken. Bonus material frae ''The Little Mermaid: Platinum Edition'' [DVD]. Walt Disney Home Entertainment.&lt;/ref&gt; This technique wis put to significant uise during the &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot; waltz sequence, in which Belle and Beast dance throu a computer-generated ballroom as the camera [[Camera dolly|dollies]] aroond them in simulated 3D space.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt; The filmmakers haed oreeginally decidit against the uise of computers in favor of traditional animation, but later, when the technology haed improved, decidit it coud be uised for the ane scene in the ballroom.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nichols&quot; /&gt; The success of the ballroom sequence helped convince studio executives to further invest in computer animation.&lt;ref&gt;Kanfer (1997), p. 228.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Muisic===
Ashman and Menken wrote the ''Beauty'' song score during the pre-production process in Fishkill, the openin [[operetta]]-styled &quot;[[Belle (Disney song)|Belle]]&quot; being thair first composition for the film. Ither songs included &quot;[[Be Our Guest]],&quot; sung (in its oreeginal version) to Maurice bi the objects when he becomes the first visitor to eat at the castle in a decade, &quot;[[Gaston (song)|Gaston]],&quot; a solo for the swaggering villain, &quot;Human Again,&quot; a song describing Belle and Beast's growin luve frae the objects' perspective, the luve ballad &quot;[[Beauty and the Beast (Disney song)|Beauty and the Beast (Tale as Old as Time)]]&quot; and the climactic &quot;[[The Mob Song]].&quot; As story and song development came to a close, full production began in Burbank while vyce and song recording began in New York City.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt; The ''Beauty'' songs war maistly recorded live with the orchestra and the vyce cast performing simultaneously rather than [[overdub]]bed separately, in order to gie the songs a [[cast album]]-lik &quot;energy&quot; the filmmakers and songwriters desired.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt;

During the course of production, mony changes war made tae the structur of the film, necessitating the replacement and re-purposing of songs. Efter screening a maistly animated version of the &quot;Be Our Guest&quot; sequence, story airtist Bruce Woodside suggestit that the objects should be singing the song to Belle rather than her faither. Wise and Trousdale agreed, an the sequence and song war retooled to replace Maurice with Belle. The film's title song went throu a noted bit of uncertainty during production. Oreeginally conceived as a rock-oriented song, it wis changed to a slow, romantic ballad. Howard Ashman and Alan Menken asked Angela Lansbury to perform the song, but she did nae think her vyce wis suited for the melody. When she voiced her doubts, Menken and Ashman asked her for at least ane tak and told her to perform the song as she saw fit. Lansbury reportedly reduced everyone in the studio to tears with her rendition, nailing the song in the ane tak asked of her. This version went on to win the Oscar for Best Original Song. &quot;Human Again&quot; wis dropped frae the film afore animation began, as its lyrics caused story problems aboot the timeline ower which the story takes place.&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt; This required Ashman and Menken to write a new song in its place. &quot;[[Something There]],&quot; in which Belle and Beast sing (via voiceover) of thair growin fondness for ilk ither, wis componed late in production and inserted intae the script in place of &quot;Human Again.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt;

Menken wad later revise &quot;Human Again&quot; for inclusion in the 1994 Broadway stage version of ''Beauty and the Beast'', and anither revised version of the song wis added tae the film itself in a new sequence creatit for the film's Special Edition re-release in 2002.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;makingof&quot; /&gt; Ashman died of AIDS-relatit complications at the age of 40 on Mairch 14, 1991, aicht months afore the film's release. He never saw the finished film, tho he did get to see it in its unfinished format. Ashman's work on ''Aladdin'' wis completit bi anither lyricist, [[Tim Rice]]. Afore Ashman's daith, members of the film's production team visited him efter the film's well-received first screening, with Don Hahn commentin that &quot;the film would be a great success. Who'd have thought it?&quot;, to which Ashman replied with &quot;I would.&quot; A tribute tae the lyricist wis included at the end of the credits crawl: &quot;''To our friend, Howard, who gave a mermaid her voice, and a beast his soul. We will be forever grateful. Howard Ashman: 1950–1991''.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;wakingsleepingbeauty&quot; /&gt; A pop version of the &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot; theme, performed bi [[Céline Dion]] and [[Peabo Bryson]] ower the end credits, wis released as a commercial single frae the film's [[Beauty and the Beast (soundtrack)|soundtrack]], supported with a muisic video. The Dion/Bryson version of &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot; became an international pop hit and performed considerably well on charts aroond the world. The song became Dion's seicont single to land within the top-10 of the [[The Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], peaking at nummer nine. The song peaked at nummer three on the [[Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks|''Billboard'' Hot Adult Contemporary]] chart. In Canadae, &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot; peaked at nummer twa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1992/Billboard-1992-03-28.pdf|title=Hits of the World|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|page=38|date=March 28, 1992|accessdate=May 18, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=[[Nanda Lwin]]|title=Top 40 Hits: The Essential Chart Guide|publisher=Music Data Canada|year=1999|isbn= 1-896594-13-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ootside of North America, the song peaked within the top ten in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, while peaking within the top twinty in Australie, Netherlands, an Ireland. The song sauld ower a million copies warldwide.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title = A Century of American Popular Music|last = Jasen|first = David A|publisher = Routledge|year = 2013|isbn = 9781135352646|location = United Kingdom|pages = 19|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ucVYAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA19&amp;dq=beauty+and+the+beast+celine+dion&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=EN5pVffPENW0yATKnoP4Ag&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q=beauty%20and%20the%20beast%20celine%20dion&amp;f=false}}&lt;/ref&gt; This version of the song wis an aa nominated for Record of the Year and Song of the Year at the Grammys, an it won the Grammy for Dion and Bryson for Best Pop Duo/Group Vocal Performance.

==Release==
In a first-time accomplishment for [[The Walt Disney Company]], an unfinished version of ''Beauty and the Beast'' wis shawn at the [[New York Film Festival]] on September 29, 1991.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyfilmfesitivallatimes&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Haithman|first=Diane|title=Unfinished 'Beauty' to Make Splashy Debut : Movies: The New York Film Festival will premiere Disney's animated work-in-progress on Sept. 29.|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1991-08-17/entertainment/ca-693_1_new-york-film-festival|work=Los Angeles Times|publisher=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=June 18, 2013|date=August 17, 1991}}&lt;/ref&gt;  The film wis deemed a &quot;[[work in progress]]&quot; acause roughly anly 70% of the animation haed been completit; storyboards and pencil tests war uised in replacement of the remainin 30%.&lt;ref name=&quot;filmfestivalnytimes&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Honan|first=William H.|title=At the New York Film Festival, Works on Art|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/19/movies/at-the-new-york-film-festival-works-on-art.html|work=The New York Times|publisher=The New York Times Company|accessdate=June 18, 2013|date=August 19, 1991}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Additionally, certaint segments of the film that haed already been finished war reverted to previous stages of completion. At the end of the screening, ''Beauty and the Beast'' received a 10-minute-lang staundin ovation frae the film festival audience.&lt;ref name=&quot;wakingsleepingbeauty&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;beautyreviewjournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Cling|first=Carol|title=More than 20 years after 'Beauty and the Beast,' Paige O'Hara still remembered as voice of Disney princess|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/entertainment/arts-culture/more-20-years-after-beauty-and-beast-paige-ohara-still-remembered-voice|work=Las Vegas Review-Journal|publisher=Stephens Media LLC|accessdate=June 18, 2013|date=April 21, 2013|archive-date=2013-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425082850/http://www.reviewjournal.com/entertainment/arts-culture/more-20-years-after-beauty-and-beast-paige-ohara-still-remembered-voice|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; The completit film wis an aa screened out of competeetion at the [[1992 Cannes Film Festival]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/f3c5b65c-be71-4f69-a7ae-19bc7a8aae65/year/1992.html |title=Beauty and the Beast |accessdate=August 16, 2009 |work=Festival de Cannes |archive-date=2015-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150617124649/http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/f3c5b65c-be71-4f69-a7ae-19bc7a8aae65/year/1992.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;  The finished film premiered at the [[El Capitan Theatre]] in Hollywood on November 13, 1991, beginnin a leemitit release afore expanding wide on November 22.&lt;ref name=&quot;beautyreviewjournal&quot; /&gt;

===Re-issues===
The film wis [[film preservation|restored]] and [[remaster]]ed for its New Year's Day, 2002 re-release in [[IMAX]] theatres in a [[special edition]] edit, includin a new musical sequence. For this version of the film, much of the animation wis cleaned up, a new sequence set tae the deleted song &quot;Human Again&quot; wis inserted intae the film's seicont act, an a new digital master frae the oreeginal [[Computer Animation Production System|CAPS]] production files wis uised to mak the heich resolution IMAX film negative.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Ryan Ball |url=http://www.animationmagazine.net/features/beauty-and-the-beast-added-to-national-film-registry/ |title=Beauty and The Beast Added to National Film Registry |publisher=Animation Magazine |date=December 18, 2002 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A sing alang edition of the film, hosted bi [[Jordin Sparks]], wis released in select theaters on September 29 and October 2, 2010. Prior tae the shawin of the film, Sparks showed an exclusive behind-the-scenes leuk at the newly restored film and the makin of her new ''Beauty and the Beast'' muisic video. There wis an aa commentary frae producer Don Hahn, interviews with the cast and an inside leuk at how the animation wis creatit.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://collider.com/beauty-and-the-beast-sing-a-long-disney/48819/|title=Disney to Release Sing-Along BEAUTY AND THE BEAST for Limited Run |work=Collider |date=September 27, 2010|first=Jason|last=Barr|accessdate=January 14, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.cleveland.com/parents/index.ssf/2010/09/dress_up_sing_along_to_beauty.html|title=Dress up, sing along to 'Beauty and the Beast' this week |work=[[The Plain Dealer]] |date=September 27, 2010|first=Martha|last=Mueller Neff|accessdate=August 14, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A [[Disney Digital 3D]] version of the film, the seicont o a tradeetionally animated film, wis oreeginally scheduled tae be released in US theatres on Februar 12, 2010, but the project wis postponed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://variety.com/2010/digital/markets-festivals/disney-retools-animation-slate-1118022620/|title=Disney retools animation slate 3D ''Beauty'' reboot, ''Newt'' yanked from schedule |work=Variety |first=Andrew |last=Stewart |date=August 5, 2010 |accessdate=August 15, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; On August 25, 2011, Disney annoonced that the [[3D film|3D]] version of the film wad mak its American debut at Hollywood's [[El Capitan Theatre]] frae September 2–15, 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/disneys-beauty-and-the-beast-to-be-screened-in-3d-in-hollywood-182060 | title=Disney's &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot; To Be Screened in 3D in Hollywood | publisher=Playbill | date=August 25, 2011 | accessdate=June 17, 2015 | author=Hetrick, Adam}}&lt;/ref&gt; Disney spent less nor $10 million on the 3D conversion.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2012/01/box-office-contraband-beauty-and-the-beast.html|title=Movie Projector: 'Beauty and the Beast', 'Contraband' fight for No. 1|last=Kaufman|first=Amy|work=Los Angeles Times|date=January 12, 2012|accessdate=January 13, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Efter the successfu 3D re-release of ''[[The Lion King]]'', Disney annoonced a wide 3D re-release of ''Beauty and the Beast'' in North America beginnin Januar 13, 2012.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/04/disney-re-releasing-films-3d_n_994701.html Disney Re-Releasing Films In 3D: 'Beauty &amp; The Beast', 'The Little Mermaid', Others Coming Back]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Home media===
The film wis released to VHS on October 30, 1992 as pairt of the [[Walt Disney Classics]] series, an wis later put on [[Moratorium (entertainment)|moratorium]] on Apryle 30, 1993; it wis nae included in the [[Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection]] line. This version contains a minor edit tae the film: skulls that appear in Gaston's pupils for twa frames during his climactic faw to his daith war removed for the oreeginal home video release. No sic edit wis made to later reissues of the film. The &quot;work-in-progress&quot; version screened at the New York Film Festival wis an aa released on VHS and Laserdisc at this time;&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt; houiver, said version wis the anly ane available on the latter format until the faw of 1993, when the completit theatrical version wis released. This meisur wis to diminish the threat of video pirates makin copies derived frae the laserdisc (which are nae copy-pertected) and selling them in international markets, whaur the film wis yet tae be available for home release.&lt;ref&gt;[http://articles.latimes.com/1992-10-02/entertainment/ca-103_1_laser-discs]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1993-10-05/features/9310050060_1_discs-full-animation-new-releases |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-05-31 |archive-date=2017-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902075304/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1993-10-05/features/9310050060_1_discs-full-animation-new-releases |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

''Beauty and the Beast: Special Edition'', as the enhanced version of the film released in IMAX/lairge-format is cried, wis released on twa-disc &quot;[[Walt Disney Platinum and Diamond Editions|Platinum Edition]]&quot; DVD and VHS on October 8, 2002. The DVD set features three versions of the film: the extendit IMAX Special Edition with the &quot;Human Again&quot; sequence added, the oreeginal theatrical version, an the New York Film Festival &quot;work-in-progress&quot; version. This release went to &quot;[[Disney Vault]]&quot; moratorium status in Januar 2003, alang with its direct-to-video follae-ups ''[[Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas]]'' and ''[[Belle's Magical World]]''.

The film wis released frae the vault on October 5, 2010 as the seicont of Disney's [[List of Walt Disney and Buena Vista video releases#Diamond Editions|Diamond Editions]], in the form o a three-disc [[Blu-ray Disc]] and DVD combination pack&lt;ref name=&quot;gustin&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Gustin|first=Maija|title=Movie Rewind: Beauty and the Beast|url=http://www.ndsmcobserver.com/scene/movie-rewind-beauty-and-the-beast-1.1659560|accessdate=October 1, 2010|newspaper=The Observer|date=October 1, 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20101006051531/http://www.ndsmcobserver.com/scene/movie-rewind-beauty-and-the-beast-1.1659560| archivedate= October 6, 2010 | deadurl= no}}&lt;/ref&gt;— the first release of ''Beauty and the Beast'' on home video in heich-definition format.&lt;ref name=&quot;lufkin&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Lufkin |first=Bryan |title='Beauty And The Beast' Stars: Where Are They Now? |url=http://www.starpulse.com/news/Bryan_Lufkin/2010/10/01/beauty_and_the_beast_stars_where_are_t |publisher=Starpulse |accessdate=October 1, 2010 |date=October 1, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101004143919/http://www.starpulse.com/news/Bryan_Lufkin/2010/10/01/beauty_and_the_beast_stars_where_are_t |archivedate=October 4, 2010 |deadurl=no |df= }}&lt;/ref&gt; This edition conseests o fower versions of the film: the oreeginal theatrical version, an extendit version, the New York Film Festival storyboard-anly version, an a fowert iteration displaying the storyboards via [[picture-in-picture]] alongside the oreeginal theatrical version.&lt;ref name=&quot;lang&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Lang|first=George|title=Blu-ray Review: &quot;Beauty and the Beast: Diamond Edition&quot;|url=http://www.newsok.com/blu-ray-review-beauty-and-the-beast-diamond-edition/article/3500073?custom_click=headlines_widget|accessdate=October 1, 2010|newspaper=The Oklahoman (NewsOK)|date=October 1, 2010|archive-date=2020-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801175757/http://oklahoman.com/article/3500073/blu-ray-review-beauty-and-the-beast-diamond-edition?custom_click=headlines_widget|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Upon its first week of release, the Blu-ray sauld 1.1 million units, topping the Blu-ray sales chart and finishing in third place on the combined Blu-ray and DVD sales chart for the week ending on October 10, 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=United States Blu-ray Sales Chart for Week Ending October 10, 2010|url=http://www.the-numbers.com/home-market/bluray-sales-chart/2010/10/10|accessdate=August 6, 2016|publisher=The Numbers|date=October 17, 2010|archive-date=2017-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170528191334/http://www.the-numbers.com/home-market/bluray-sales-chart/2010/10/10|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=United States Combined DVD and Blu-ray Sales Chart for Week Ending October 10, 2010|url=http://www.the-numbers.com/home-market/packaged-media-sales-chart/2010/10/10|accessdate=August 6, 2016|publisher=The Numbers|date=October 17, 2010|archive-date=2017-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208003857/https://www.the-numbers.com/home-market/packaged-media-sales-chart/2010/10/10|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; It wis the seicont best-selling Blu-ray of 2010, behind ''[[Avatar (2009 film)|Avatar]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Top-Selling Blu-rays in the United States 2010|url=http://www.the-numbers.com/home-market/bluray-sales/2010|accessdate=August 6, 2016|publisher=The Numbers|archive-date=2017-03-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170309032358/http://www.the-numbers.com/home-market/bluray-sales/2010|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; A twa-disc DVD edition wis released on November 23, 2010.&lt;ref name=&quot;gustin&quot; /&gt; A five-disc combo pack, featurin [[Blu-ray 3D]], Blu-ray 2D, DVD and a [[digital copy]], wis released on October 4, 2011. The 3D combo pack is identical tae the oreeginal Diamond Edition, except for the added 3D disc and digital copy. The Blu-ray release went intae the Disney Vault alang with the twa sequels on Apryle 30, 2012.&lt;ref name=&quot;blu-ray1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Beauty-and-the-Beast-3D-Blu-ray/19471/ |title=Beauty and the Beast 3D Blu-ray: Diamond Edition |publisher=Blu-ray.com |date= |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A 25t anniversary [[List of Walt Disney and Buena Vista video releases#Signature Collection|Signature Edition]] wis released on Digital HD September 6, 2016 and wis followed bi Blu-ray/DVD combo pack on September 20, 2016.&lt;ref name=&quot;blu-ray2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://comicbook.com/2016/06/24/beauty-and-the-beast-25th-anniversary-edition-officially-announc/ |title=Beauty and the Beast 25th Anniversary Edition Officially Announced |author=Lucas Siegel |publisher=Comicbook.com |date=June 24, 2016 |accessdate=June 24, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Upon its first week of release on home media in the U.S., the film topped the Blu-ray Disc sales chart, an debuted at nummer 3 in the Nielsen VideoScan First Alert chart, which tracks oweraw disc sales, behind ''[[Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows]]'' and ''[[Captain America: Civil War]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://variety.com/2016/digital/news/ninja-turtles-and-beauty-and-the-beast-split-top-disc-sales-honors-1201873237/ |title=‘Ninja Turtles’ and ‘Beauty and the Beast’ Split Top Disc Sales Honors |publisher=Variety |date=2016-09-29 |accessdate=2016-09-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Reception and legacy==

===Critical response===
Review aggregator website [[Rotten Tomatoes]] gies the film an approval rating of 93% and an average of 8.4 based on reviews frae 103 critics. The website's general consensus reads, &quot;Enchanting, sweepingly romantic, and featuring plenty of wonderful musical numbers, ''Beauty and the Beast'' is one of Disney's most elegant animated offerings.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/beauty_and_the_beast_1991/ |title= Beauty and the Beast (1991) |work= [[Rotten Tomatoes]]  |publisher = Flixster, Inc |accessdate= February 1, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film an aa holds a 95/100 on [[Metacritic]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.metacritic.com/movie/beauty-and-the-beast-1991 |title=Beauty and the Beast Reviews |publisher=Metacritic |accessdate=December 14, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Audiences polled bi [[CinemaScore]] gae the film a rare &quot;A+&quot; grade.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/why-cinemascore-matters-box-office-225563|title=Why CinemaScore Matters for Box Office|author=Pamela McClintock|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=August 19, 2011|accessdate=September 14, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Janet Maslin]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' praised the film with the follaein statement, &quot;Two years ago, [[Walt Disney Pictures]] reinvented the animated feature, not only with an eye toward pleasing children, but also with an older, savvier audience in mind. Disney truly bridged a generation gap with ''[[The Little Mermaid (1989 film)|The Little Mermaid]]''... Now, lightning has definitely struck twice with ''Beauty and the Beast''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/13/movies/review-film-disney-s-beauty-and-the-beast-updated-in-form-and-content.html|title=Review/Film; Disney's 'Beauty and the Beast' Updated in Form and Content|author=[[Janet Maslin]]|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=November 13, 1991|accessdate=November 25, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Awarding the film a perfect score of fower stars, [[Roger Ebert]] of the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]'' compared ''Beauty and the Beast'' positively to ''Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs'' and ''[[Pinocchio (1940 film)|Pinocchio]]'', writing, &quot;''Beauty and the Beast'' reaches back to an older and healthier Hollywood tradition in which the best writers, musicians and filmmakers are gathered for a project on the assumption that a family audience deserves great entertainment, too.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url = http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/beauty-and-the-beast-1991 |title = Beauty And The Beast|website = Chicago Sun-Times|publisher = Ebert Digital LLC| date = November 11, 1991|accessdate = February 1, 2014 |authorlink = Roger Ebert |last = Ebert|first = Roger}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2001 Ebert again gae the IMAX re-release a full 4 out of 4 stars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Fragoso |first=Sam |url=http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/beauty-and-the-beast-imax-2002 |title=Beauty and the Beast (IMAX) Movie Review (2002) |publisher=Roger Ebert |date=March 12, 2014 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[James Berardinelli]] of ''[[ReelViews]] ''rated the film similarly while hailing it as &quot;the finest animated movie ever made&quot;, writing, &quot;''Beauty and the Beast'' attains a nearly-perfect mix of romance, music, invention, and animation.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url = http://www.reelviews.net/reelviews/beauty-and-the-beast |title = Beauty and the Beast |accessdate = December 30, 2013 |work = ReelViews |year = 1991 |authorlink = James Berardinelli|last = Berardinelli|first = James}}&lt;/ref&gt; The uise of computer animation, parteecularly in the ballroom sequence, wis singled out in several reviews as ane of the film's hielichts.&lt;ref name=&quot;dvdcommentary&quot; /&gt; Hal Hinson of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' gae the film a positive review, calling the film &quot;A delightfully satisfying modern fable, a near-masterpiece that draws on the sublime traditions of the past while remaining completely in sync with the sensibility of its time.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/beautyandthebeastghinson_a0a71b.htm |title='Beauty and the Beast' |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 22, 1991 |accessdate=March 19, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Janet Maslin of ''The New York Times'' gae the film a positive review, saying &quot;It is a surprise, in a time of sequels and retreads, that the new film is so fresh and altogether triumphant in its own right.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Maslin |first=Janet |url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9D0CE2DF1330F930A25752C1A967958260 |title=Movie Review - Beauty and the Beast - Review/Film; Disney's 'Beauty and the Beast' Updated in Form and Content |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 13, 1991 |accessdate=March 19, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dave Kehr of the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' gae the film three out of fower stars, saying &quot;''Beauty and the Beast'' is certainly adequate holiday entertainment for children and their more indulgent parents..... But the film has little of the technical facility, vivid characterization and emotional impact of Disney past.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Dave Kehr|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/9104150935_1_rex-everhart-paige-o-hara-disney-ranks|title=Tame Beast|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|publisher=[[Tribune Company]]|date=November 22, 1991|accessdate=March 19, 2014|archive-date=2015-05-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526234340/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/9104150935_1_rex-everhart-paige-o-hara-disney-ranks|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jay Boyar of the ''[[Orlando Sentinel]]'' gae the film fower out of five stars, saying &quot;It's not an especially scary movie, but right from the start, you can tell that this ''Beauty and the Beast'' has a beauty of a bite.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Jay Boyar |url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/9111210086_1_hideous-beast-untamed-beauty-linda-woolverton |title='Beauty And The Beast': Lovely Tale Of Redemption |newspaper=[[Orlando Sentinel]] |date=November 22, 1991 |accessdate=March 19, 2014 |archive-date=2014-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102120527/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/9111210086_1_hideous-beast-untamed-beauty-linda-woolverton |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; John Hartl of ''[[The Seattle Times]]'' gae the film three and a hauf stars out of fower, saying &quot;It's exceptionally difficult to make an audience care for animated characters unless they're mermaids or anthropomorphized animals or insects, yet the Disney animators, with a big assist from the vocal talents of a superb cast, have pulled it off.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Hartl |first=John |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19911122&amp;slug=1318824 |title=Entertainment &amp; the Arts &amp;#124; A Classic Feel Already - Voices, Visuals Fit Superbly In Disney's `Beast' |newspaper=[[The Seattle Times]] |date=November 22, 1991 |accessdate=March 19, 2014 |archive-date=2013-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202223213/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19911122&amp;slug=1318824 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Gene Siskel]], an aa of the ''Chicago Tribune'', gae the film fower out of fower stars, saying &quot;''Beauty and the Beast'' is one of the year`s most entertaining films for both adults and children.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Gene |last=Siskel |authorlink=Gene Siskel |url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/9104150936_1_beast-water-tower-addams-family |title='Beauty And The Beast' Has A Song In Its Heart |newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]] |publisher=[[Tribune Company]] |date=November 22, 1991 |accessdate=March 19, 2014 |archive-date=2015-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527081251/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1991-11-22/entertainment/9104150936_1_beast-water-tower-addams-family |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; On thair ''Beauty and the Beast'' edition of ''Siskel &amp; Ebert'', baith Siskel and Roger Ebert proclaimed that the film is &quot;a legitimate contender for [[Academy Award|Oscar]] consideration as [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture of the Year]].&quot; Michael Sragow of ''[[The New Yorker]]'' gae the film a positive review, saying &quot;It's got storytelling vigor and clarity, bright, eclectic animation, and a frisky musical wit.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Sragow |first=Michael |url=http://www.newyorker.com/arts/reviews/film/beauty_and_the_beast |title=Beauty and the Beast |publisher=The New Yorker |date=December 2, 1991 |accessdate=March 19, 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123175952/http://www.newyorker.com/arts/reviews/film/beauty_and_the_beast |archivedate=January 23, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Eric Smoodin writes in his beuk ''Animating Cultur'' that the studio wis tryin to mak up for earlier gender stereotypes with this film.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Animating Culture |url=https://archive.org/details/animatingculture0000smoo |last=Smoodin |first=Eric |year=1993 |publisher=Rutger's University Press |isbn=0-8135-1948-9 |page=[https://archive.org/details/animatingculture0000smoo/page/189 189]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Smoodin an aa states that, in the wey it haes been viewed as bringin thegither traditional fairy tales and feminism as well as computer and traditional animation, the film's &quot;greatness could be proved in terms of technology narrative or even politics&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Smoodin (1993), p. 190.&lt;/ref&gt;

Animation historian [[Michael Barrier (historian)|Michael Barrier]] wrote that Belle &quot;becomes a sort of intellectual less by actually reading books, it seems, than by hanging out with them&quot;, but says that the film comes closer than ither &quot;Disney-studio&quot; films to &quot;accepting challenges of the kind that the finest Walt Disney features met&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age |url=https://archive.org/details/hollywoodcartoon00barr |last=Barrier |first=Michael |year=1999 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |isbn=0-19-503759-6 |page=[https://archive.org/details/hollywoodcartoon00barr/page/571 571]}}&lt;/ref&gt; David Whitley writes in ''The Idea of Nature in Disney Animation'' that Belle is different frae earlier Disney heroines in that she is maistly free frae the burdens of domestic housework, awtho her role is somewhat undefined in the same wey that &quot;contemporary culture now requires most adolescent girls to contribute little in the way of domestic work before they leave home and have to take on the fraught, multiple responsibilities of the working mother&quot;. Whitley an aa notes ither themes and modren influences, sic as the film's critical view of Gaston's chauvinism and attitude towards naitur, the cyborg-lik servants, an the faither's role as an inventor rather than a merchant.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The idea of Nature in Disney Animation |url=https://archive.org/details/ideaofnatureindi0000whit |last=Whitley |first=David |year=2008 |publisher=Ashgate Publishing Limited |isbn=978-0-7546-6085-9 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/ideaofnatureindi0000whit/page/44 44]–57}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 2010, [[IGN]] named ''Beauty and the Beast'' as the greatest animated film of all time, directly ahead of ''[[WALL-E]]'', ''[[The Incredibles]]'', ''[[Toy Story 2]]'', and ''[[The Iron Giant]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://movies.ign.com/articles/650/650717p5.html |title=Top 25 Animated Movies of All-Time |first1=Scott |last1=Collura |first2=Matt |last2=Fowler |first3=Eric |last3=Goldman |first4=Jesse |last4=Schedeen |first5=Phil |last5=Pirrello |first6=Cindy |last6=White |work=IGN |date=June 24, 2010 |accessdate=July 15, 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100717064805/http://movies.ign.com/articles/650/650717p5.html| archivedate= July 17, 2010 | deadurl= no}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several critics regaird the 1991 animated film as superior tae the [[Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)|2017 live-action remake]]. [[Michael Phillips (critic)|Michael Phillips]] of the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' said that the 1991 film &quot;worked wonderfully because it was pure Broadway, written for the screen, blending comedy and romance and magic and just enough snark in the margins&quot;, while the 2017 remake got lost in translation syne &quot;The movie takes our knowledge and our interest in the material for granted. It zips from one number to another, throwing a ton of frenetically edited eye candy at the screen, charmlessly.&quot; Phillips an aa wrote of the 2017 film that &quot;too often we're watching highly qualified performers, plus a few less conspicuously talented ones (Watson, primarily), stuck doing karaoke, or motion-capture work of middling quality&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/movies/ct-beauty-and-the-beast-review-20170313-column.html |title='Beauty and the Beast' review: Animated Disney musical's charms lost in translation |website=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=March 14, 2017|accessdate=March 14, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dana Schwartz of the ''Observer'' criticized some of the 2017 film changes tae the characters lik Gaston and the Beast as regressive bi watterin down thair distinguishing personalities frae the 1991 film, an aa arguing that added backstory tae the characters in 2017 version ending up failed to &quot;advance the plot or theme in any meaningful way&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[http://observer.com/2017/03/beauty-and-the-beast-changes-dan-stevens-emma-watson/]&lt;/ref&gt; David Sims of ''The Atlantic'' wrote that the 2017 film &quot;feels particularly egregious, in part, because it’s so slavishly devoted to the original; every time it falls short of its predecessor (which is quite often), it’s hard not to notice&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2017/03/beauty-and-the-beast-remake-review/519603/]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Box office===
During its initial release in 1991, the film grossed $145,863,363 in revenues in North America and $351,863,363 warldwide.&lt;ref name=&quot;box office&quot; /&gt; It ranked as the third maist-successfu film of 1991 in North America, surpassed anly bi the simmer blockbusters ''[[Terminator 2: Judgment Day]]'' and ''[[Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://boxofficemojo.com/yearly/chart/?yr=1991&amp;p=.htm|publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]]|title=1991 DOMESTIC GROSSES|accessdate=October 6, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; At the time ''Beauty and the Beast'' wis the maist successfu animated Disney film release, an the first animated film to reach $100 million in North America.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/daily/movies/100million/article.htm|title=$100 Million Movies|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=July 15, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;http://www.thetech.org/about-us/media-room/disneys-animated-beauty-and-beast-celebrates-10th-anniversary-worldwide-large&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.thetech.org/about-us/media-room/disneys-animated-beauty-and-beast-celebrates-10th-anniversary-worldwide-large |title=Disney's Animated &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot; Celebrates 10th Anniversary with Worldwide Large Format Debut at Record 100 Theaters on Jan. 1 |publisher=The Tech Museum |accessdate=May 9, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103194800/http://www.thetech.org/about-us/media-room/disneys-animated-beauty-and-beast-celebrates-10th-anniversary-worldwide-large |archivedate=January 3, 2013 |df= }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103194800/http://www.thetech.org/about-us/media-room/disneys-animated-beauty-and-beast-celebrates-10th-anniversary-worldwide-large |date=2013-01-03 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In its [[IMAX]] re-release, it earned $25,487,190 in North America and $5,546,156 in ither territories, for a warldwide tot of $31,033,346.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=beautybeastimax.htm|publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]]|title=Beauty and the Beast (IMAX)|accessdate=October 6, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; It an aa earned $9,818,365 frae its 3D re-release overseas.&lt;ref name=&quot;box office&quot; /&gt; During the openin weekend of its North American 3D re-release in 2012, ''Beauty and the Beast'' grossed $17.8 million, coming in at the No. 2 spot, behind ''[[Contraband (2012 film)|Contraband]]'', and achieved the heichest openin weekend for an animated film in Januar.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2012/01/15/box-office-report-contraband-beauty-and-the-beast |title=Box office report: 'Contraband' tops 'Beauty and the Beast 3D' with $24.1 mil |work=Entertainment Weekly |publisher=Time |first=John |last=Young |date=January 15, 2012 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=3348&amp;p=.htm |title=Weekend Report: 'Contraband' Hijacks MLK Weekend |publisher=Box Office Mojo |date=January 15, 2012 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film wis expected to mak $17.5 million ower the weekend, houiver, the results topped its forecast and the expectations of box office analysts.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cartoon&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://blog.bcdb.com/beauty-beast-return-18-5-million-875-2699/ |title=&quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot; return with $18.5 million |first=Ethan |last=Clevland |newspaper=Big Cartoon News |date=January 16, 2012 |accessdate=January 16, 2012 |archive-date=2012-12-02 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121202003149/http://blog.bcdb.com/beauty-beast-return-18-5-million-875-2699/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2012/01/15/beauty-and-the-beast-gives-3-d-another-big-boost-but-is-this-really-about-3-d-or-is-it-just-about-nostalgia |title='Beauty and the Beast' gives 3-D another big boost, but is this really about 3-D or is it just about nostalgia? |work=Entertainment Weekly |publisher=Time |first=Josh |last=Rottenberg |date=January 15, 2012 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; The re-release ended its run on Mey 3, 2012, an earned $47,617,067, which brocht the film's tot gross in North America to $218,967,620.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=beautyandthebeast3d.htm | title = Beauty and the Beast (3D) | work = [[Box Office Mojo]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; It made an estimatit $206,000,000 in ither territories, for a warldwide tot of $424,967,620.&lt;ref name=&quot;box office&quot; /&gt;

===Accolades===
{{Anchor|Awards|Accolades}} Alan Menken and Howard Ashman's song &quot;[[Beauty and the Beast (Disney song)|Beauty and the Beast]]&quot; won the [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]] for [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Best Original Song]], while Menken's score won the award for [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Original Score]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt; Twa ither Menken and Ashman songs frae the film, &quot;Belle&quot; and &quot;Be Our Guest&quot;, war an aa nominated for Best Original Song.&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt; ''Beauty and the Beast'' wis the first picture to receive three Academy Award nominations for Best Original Song, a feat that wad be repeated bi ''[[The Lion King]]'' (1994), ''[[Dreamgirls (film)|Dreamgirls]]'' (2006), and ''[[Enchanted (2007 film)|Enchanted]]'' (2007).&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt; Academy rules hae syne been changed to leemit each film to twa nominations in this category, due tae the consecutive unintentional failures of ''Dreamgirls'' and ''Enchanted'' to win the award.&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt;

The film wis an aa nominated for [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]] and [[Academy Award for Sound|Best Sound]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt; It wis the first animated film ever tae be nominated for Best Picture, an remained the anly animated film nominated until 2009 when the Best Picture field wis widened to ten nominees, an it remains the anly animated film nominated for the award when it haed five nominees.&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt; It became the first musical in twal years tae be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Motion Picture of the Year, follaein ''[[All That Jazz (film)|All That Jazz]]'' (1979), and the last ane tae be nominated until ''[[Moulin Rouge!]]'' (2001), ten years later.&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt; It lost the Best Picture award to ''[[The Silence of the Lambs (film)|The Silence of the Lambs]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt; With sax nominations, the film currently shares the record for the [[List of Academy Award records#Film records|maist nominations]] for an animated film with ''[[WALL-E]]'' (2008), awtho, with three nominations in the Best Original Song category, ''Beauty and the Beast''{{'}}s nominations span anly fower categories, while ''WALL-E''{{'}}s nominations civer sax individual categories.&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt;

While ''[[The Little Mermaid (1989 film)|The Little Mermaid]]'' wis the first tae be nominated, ''Beauty and the Beast'' became the first animated film to win the [[Golden Globe]] Award for [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy|Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt; This feat wis later repeated bi ''[[The Lion King]]'' and ''[[Toy Story 2]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot; /&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width:95%;&quot;
|- style=&quot;background:#ccc; text-align:center;&quot;
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;background: LightSteelBlue;&quot; | List of awards and nominations
|- style=&quot;background:#ccc; text-align:center;&quot;
! Award
! Date of ceremony
! Category
! Recipients and nominees
! Result
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | [[Academy Awards]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Oscars1992&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1992 |title=The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners |accessdate=October 22, 2011|work=oscars.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | [[64th Academy Awards|Mairch 30, 1992]]
| [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]
| [[Don Hahn]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; {{nom}}
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Sound|Best Sound]]
| [[Terry Porter (sound engineer)|Terry Porter]], [[Mel Metcalfe]], [[David J. Hudson]] &amp; [[Doc Kane]]
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Muisic, Original Score]]
| [[Alan Menken]]
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Best Muisic, Original Song]]
| [[Alan Menken]] &amp; [[Howard Ashman]]&lt;br /&gt;For the song &quot;[[Be Our Guest]]&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Alan Menken]] &amp; [[Howard Ashman]]&lt;br /&gt;For the song &quot;[[Beauty and the Beast (Disney song)|Beauty and the Beast]]&quot;
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Alan Menken]] &amp; [[Howard Ashman]]&lt;br /&gt;For the song &quot;Belle&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Chicago Film Critics Association]]
| Februar 1992
| [[Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]
|
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 1992
| [[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Film|Best Film]]
|
| {{no|3rd place}}
|-
| [[Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film|Best Animated Film]]
|
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | [[Golden Globe Awards]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=RopeofSilicon.com LLC |url=http://www.ropeofsilicon.com/goldenglobes/1992-golden-globe-award-winners/ |title=1992 Golden Globe Award Winners |publisher=Rope of Silicon |date=January 18, 1992 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | [[49th Golden Globe Awards|Januar 18, 1992]]
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy|Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy]]
| Don Hahn
|-
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score|Best Original Score – Motion Picture]]
| Alan Menken
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song|Best Original Song – Motion Picture]]
| Alan Menken and Howard Ashman&lt;br /&gt;For the song &quot;[[Be Our Guest]]&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| Alan Menken and Howard Ashman&lt;br /&gt;For the song &quot;[[Beauty and the Beast (Disney song)|Beauty and the Beast]]&quot;
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; | [[Grammy Awards]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author= |url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1993-01-08/features/1993008073_1_eric-clapton-celine-dion-dion-and-peabo |title=1993 Grammy Nominations &amp;#124; Grammy nominees - Baltimore Sun |publisher=Articles.baltimoresun.com |date=January 8, 1993 |accessdate=March 18, 2014 |archive-date=2012-09-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902075657/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1993-01-08/features/1993008073_1_eric-clapton-celine-dion-dion-and-peabo |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; | [[35th Annual Grammy Awards|Februar 18, 1993]]
| [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]]
|
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Grammy Award for Record of the Year|Record of the Year]]
| [[Celine Dion]] and [[Peabo Bryson]]&lt;br /&gt;For the song &quot;[[Beauty and the Beast (Disney song)|Beauty and the Beast]]&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| Best Album for Childer
|
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; {{won}}
|-
| Best Pop Performance bi a Group or Duo With Vocal
| For &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;
|-
| Song of the Year
| For &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;
| {{nominated}}
|-
| Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture
| Alan Menken
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; {{won}}
|-
| Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television
| For &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;
|-
| Best Pop Instrumental Performance
| For &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot;
|-
| [[Los Angeles Film Critics Association]]
| [[1991 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards|December 14, 1991]]
| [[Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Animated Film|Best Animated Film]]
| [[Gary Trousdale]] and [[Kirk Wise]]
|-
| [[Producers Guild of America]]
| Mairch 4, 1992
| [[Producers Guild of America Award for Best Theatrical Motion Picture|Darryl F. Zanuck Award for Outstanding Producer of Theatrical Motion Pictures]]
| Don Hahn
| {{nom}}
|-
|}

In 2002, ''Beauty and the Beast'' wis added tae the United States [[National Film Registry]] as being deemed &quot;culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.&quot;  In Juin 2008, the [[American Film Institute]] revealed its &quot;[[AFI's 10 Top 10|Ten Top Ten]]&quot; lists of the best ten films in ten &quot;classic&quot; American film genres, based on polls of ower 1,500 fowk frae the creative community. ''Beauty and the Beast'' wis acknowledged as the 7t best film in the animation genre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|publisher=[[American Film Institute]] |title=AFI Crowns Top 10 Films in 10 Classic Genres |work=ComingSoon.net |date=June 17, 2008 |url=http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=46072 |accessdate=August 18, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080818100312/http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=46072| archivedate= August 18, 2008 | deadurl= no}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AFI&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/10top10/animation.html |title=Top Ten Animation |accessdate=June 18, 2008 |publisher=American Film Institute| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080619174154/http://www.afi.com/10top10/animation.html| archivedate= June 19, 2008 | deadurl= no}}&lt;/ref&gt; In previous lists, it ranked nummer 22 on the Institutes's [[AFI's 100 Years of Musicals|leet of best musicals]] and nummer 34 on its [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions|leet of the best romantic American films]].&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2002&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=American Film Institute |url=http://www.afi.com/100years/passions.aspx |title=AFI's 100 YEARS...100 PASSIONS |publisher=Afi.com |date=June 11, 2002 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; On [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs|the leet of the greatest songs frae American films]], ''Beauty and the Beast'' ranked nummer 62.&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2004&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=American Film Institute |url=http://www.afi.com/100years/songs.aspx |title=AFI's 100 YEARS...100 SONGS |publisher=Afi.com |date=June 22, 2004 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''[[American Film Institute]] recognition:'''
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies]] – Nominated&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies|url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100years/movies400.pdf|publisher=American Film Institute|accessdate=October 12, 2012|archive-date=2013-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026011242/http://afi.com/Docs/100Years/movies400.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions]] – No. 34&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2002&quot; /&gt;
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains]]:
** Belle – Nominated Hero&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains|url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100years/handv400.pdf|publisher=American Film Institute|accessdate=October 12, 2012|archive-date=2013-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104022712/http://www.afi.com/Docs/100years/handv400.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs]]:
** &quot;Beauty and the Beast&quot; – No. 62&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2004&quot; /&gt;
** &quot;Be Our Guest&quot; – Nominated&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs|url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100years/songs400.pdf|publisher=American Film Institute|accessdate=October 12, 2012|archive-date=2015-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417023552/http://afi.com/Docs/100Years/songs400.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals]] – No. 22&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=American Film Institute |url=http://www.afi.com/100years/musicals.aspx |title=AFI's 100 YEARS OF MUSICALS |publisher=Afi.com |date=September 3, 2006 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)]] – Nominated&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)|url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100years/Movies_ballot_06.pdf|publisher=American Film Institute|accessdate=October 12, 2012|archive-date=2017-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921090928/http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/Movies_ballot_06.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[AFI's 10 Top 10]] – No. 7 Animated film&lt;ref name=&quot;AFI&quot; /&gt;

==Adaptations==

===Broadway musical===
Accordin to an article in ''[[The Houston Chronicle]]'', &quot;The catalyst for Disney's braving the stage was an article by ''The New York Times'' theater critic [[Frank Rich]] that praised ''Beauty and the Beast'' as 1991's best musical.... [[Theatre Under The Stars (Houston)|Theatre Under The Stars]] executive director Frank Young had been trying to get Disney interested in a stage version of ''Beauty'' about the same time Eisner and Katzenberg were mulling over Rich's column. But Young couldn't seem to get in touch with the right person in the Disney empire. Nothing happened till the Disney execs started to pursue the project from their end.... When they asked George Ives, the head of Actors Equity on the West Coast, which Los Angeles theater would be the best venue for launching a new musical, Ives said the best theater for that purpose would be TUTS. Not long after that, Disney's Don Frantz and Bettina Buckley contacted Young, and the partnership was under way.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;chronicle&quot;&gt;{{cite news | last =Evans| first =Everett| title =Disney Debut; First stage musical, ''Beauty'', will test waters in Houston | page =8|work=The Houston Chronicle| date =November 28, 1993| url = | accessdate = August 26, 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; A stage condensation of the film, directed bi Robert Jess Roth and choreographed bi [[Matt West]], baith of whom moved on tae the Broadway development, haed already been presented at [[Disneyland]] at what wis then cried the Videopolis stage.&lt;ref name=&quot;chronicle&quot; /&gt; ''Beauty and the Beast'' premiered in a jynt production of Theatre Under The Stars and Disney Theatricals at the Muisic Hall, [[Houston]], Texas, frae November 28, 1993, throu December 26, 1993.&lt;ref name=&quot;chronicle&quot; /&gt;

On Monday, Apryle 18, 1994, ''[[Beauty and the Beast (musical)|Beauty and the Beast]]'' premiered on Broadway at the [[Palace Theatre, New York|Palace Theatre]] in New York City to mixed reviews.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url = http://newsok.com/sigmund-romberg-beauty-and-the-beast/article/3835413|title = Sigmund Romberg / Beauty and the Beast|date = July 29, 2012|accessdate = |website = NewsOK.com|publisher = NewsOK.com|last = Rogers|first = Rick}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1999/07/14/theater/beauty-moving-from-palace-to-the-fontanne.html|title = 'Beauty' Moving From Palace To the Fontanne|date = December 12, 2014|accessdate = |website = The New York Times|publisher = The New York Times Company|last = |first = }}&lt;/ref&gt; The show transferred tae the [[Lunt-Fontanne Theatre]] on November 11, 1999.&lt;ref name=&quot;playbill1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/beauty-and-the-beast-celebrates-sixth-anniversary-april-18-88585 |first=Robert |last=Simonson |title=Beauty and the Beast Celebrates Sixth Anniversary, April 18 |publisher=Playbill |date=April 18, 2000 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; The commercial (tho nae critical) success of the show led to productions in the [[West End theatre|West End]], [[Toronto]], and all ower the world.&lt;ref name=&quot;playbill1&quot; /&gt; The Broadway version, which ran for ower a decade, received a [[Tony Award]], and became the first o a whole line of Disney stage productions.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jun/08/entertainment/la-et-tony-show-numbers-20110608 |title=Tony Awards: Tony Awards' musical numbers are key to box-office success |work= Los Angeles Times |date=June 8, 2011 |accessdate=March 18, 2014 |first=Patrick |last=Pacheco}}&lt;/ref&gt; The oreeginal Broadway cast included [[Terrence Mann]] as the Beast, [[Susan Egan]] as Belle, [[Burke Moses]] as Gaston, [[Gary Beach]] as  Lumière, [[Heath Lamberts]] as Cogsworth, [[Tom Bosley]] as Maurice, [[Beth Fowler]] as Mrs. Potts, an [[Stacey Logan]] as Babette the feather duster.&lt;ref name=&quot;playbill1&quot; /&gt; Mony well-kent actors and singers an aa starred in the Broadway production during its thirteen-year run, includin [[Kerry Butler]], [[Debbie Gibson]], [[Toni Braxton]], [[Andrea McArdle]], [[Jamie-Lynn Sigler]], [[Christy Carlson Romano]], [[Ashley Brown]], and [[Anneliese van der Pol]] as Belle; [[Chuck Wagner]], [[James Stacy Barbour|James Barbour]], and [[Jeff McCarthy]] as the Beast; [[Meshach Taylor]], [[Patrick Page]], [[Bryan Batt]], [[Jacob Young]], and [[John Tartaglia]] as  Lumière; and [[Marc Kudisch]], [[Christopher Sieber]], and [[Donny Osmond]] as Gaston.&lt;ref name=&quot;playbill1&quot; /&gt; The show ended its Broadway run on Julie 29, 2007 efter 46 previews and 5,461 performances.&lt;ref name=&quot;playbill1&quot; /&gt; As of 2016, it is Broadway's [[List of the longest-running Broadway shows|ninth longest-running show]] in history.&lt;ref name=&quot;playbill1&quot; /&gt;

===Live-action film===
In Juin 2014, [[Walt Disney Pictures]] annoonced that a live-action film adaptation of the oreeginal film wis in the works, with [[Bill Condon]] directing and [[Evan Spiliotopoulos]] writing the script.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2014/06/04/bill-condon-live-action-beauty-and-the-beast |title=Disney taps Bill Condon to direct a live-action 'Beauty and the Beast' |publisher=Entertainment Weekly |date=June 4, 2014 |accessdate=June 5, 2014 |first=Lindsey |last=Bahr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://variety.com/2014/film/news/bill-condon-beauty-and-the-beast-disney-1201151834/ |title=Bill Condon to Direct Live-Action 'Beauty and the Beast' Film for Disney (EXCLUSIVE) |publisher=variety.com |date=June 4, 2014 |accessdate=June 5, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Condon oreeginally planned on nae anly drawing inspiration frae the oreeginal film, but an aa to include maist, if nae all, of the Menken/Rice songs frae the Broadway musical, with the intention of makin the film as a &quot;straight-forward, live-action, large-budget movie musical&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hitfix.com/in-contention/twilight-director-bill-condon-to-translate-disneys-beauty-and-the-beat-to-live-action#XlmGEuY4YfavH3C3.99|title='Twilight' director Bill Condon will translate Disney's 'Beauty and the Beast' to live action (UPDATED)|publisher=Hitfix|date=June 4, 2014|accessdate=June 5, 2014|archive-date=2014-06-05|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140605035738/http://www.hitfix.com/in-contention/twilight-director-bill-condon-to-translate-disneys-beauty-and-the-beat-to-live-action%23XlmGEuY4YfavH3C3.99#XlmGEuY4YfavH3C3.99|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; In September 2014, it wis annoonced that [[Stephen Chbosky]] (''[[The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)|The Perks of Being a Wallflower]]'') wad re-write the script.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2014/09/29/perks-of-being-a-wallflower-stephen-chbosky-beauty-and-the-beast |title='Perks of Being a Wallflower' author will adapt 'Beauty and the Beast' |publisher=Entertainment Weekly |first=Nicole |last=Sperling |date=September 29, 2014 |accessdate=September 30, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; In Januar 2015, [[Emma Watson]] annoonced on her [[Facebook]] page that she wad portray Belle in the new live action remake film.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2015/01/26/emma-watson-will-be-disneys-new-belle-in-live-action-beauty-and-the-beast |title=Emma Watson will be Disney's new Belle in live-action musical 'Beauty and the Beast' |publisher=Entertainment Weekly |first=Esther |last=Zuckerman |date=January 26, 2015 |accessdate=January 26, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; In Mairch 2015, [[Dan Stevens]], [[Luke Evans (actor)|Luke Evans]], [[Emma Thompson]], [[Josh Gad]], [[Audra McDonald]], and [[Kevin Kline]] jynt the film as the Beast, Gaston, Mrs. Potts, LeFou, Garderobe, an Maurice, respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://variety.com/2015/film/news/luke-evans-to-play-gaston-in-disneys-beauty-and-the-beast-1201446186/ |title=Luke Evans to Play Gaston in Disney's 'Beauty and the Beast' (EXCLUSIVE) |publisher=variety.com |date=March 4, 2015 |accessdate=March 5, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Kit|first1=Borys|title=Disney's 'Beauty and the Beast' Casting Dan Stevens as the Beast (Exclusive)|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/disneys-beauty-beast-casts-dan-779323|accessdate=March 16, 2015|work=Hollywood Reporter|date=March 4, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/josh-gad-joining-disneys-live-781061?utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=Feed%3A |title=Josh Gad Joining Disney's Live-Action 'Beauty and the Beast' (Exclusive) |publisher=hollywoodreporter.com |date=March 13, 2015 |accessdate=March 13, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Thompson&amp;Kline&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Zuckerman|first1=Esther|title=Emma Thompson will play Mrs. Potts in Disney's Beauty and the Beast|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2015/03/16/emma-thompson-will-play-mrs-potts-disneys-beauty-and-beast|accessdate=March 16, 2015|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=March 16, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; The follaein month, [[Ian McKellen]], [[Ewan McGregor]], [[Stanley Tucci]], and [[Gugu Mbatha-Raw]] jynt the cast, as Cogsworth, Lumière, Cadenza, an Plumette, respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/428907-ian-mckellen-to-play-cogsworth-in-disneys-beauty-and-the-beast |title=Ian McKellen to Play Cogsworth in Disney's Beauty and the Beast |publisher=comingsoon.net |date=April 10, 2015 |accessdate=April 11, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/ewan-mcgregor-play-lumiere-beauty-790480 |title='Ewan McGregor to Play Lumiere in 'Beauty and the Beast' (Exclusive) |publisher=The Hollywood Reporter |date=April 21, 2015 |accessdate=April 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://variety.com/2015/film/news/stanley-tucci-beauty-and-the-beast-casting-1201476986/ |title=Stanley Tucci Rounds Out Cast of 'Beauty and the Beast' (EXCLUSIVE)|publisher=Variety |date=April 21, 2015 |accessdate=April 22, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://variety.com/2015/film/news/beauty-and-the-beast-gugu-mbatha-raw-plumette-1201470581 |title='Beyond the Lights' Star Gugu Mbatha-Raw Joins 'Beauty and the Beast' (EXCLUSIVE) |publisher=Variety |date=April 13, 2015 |accessdate=April 16, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Composer [[Alan Menken]] returned to score the film's muisic, with new material written bi Menken and [[Tim Rice]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=McNary|first1=Dave|title=Disney’s Live-Action ‘Beauty and the Beast’ Set for March 17, 2017|url=http://variety.com/2015/film/news/beauty-and-the-beast-release-date-disney-live-action-2017-1201453646/|accessdate=March 16, 2015|work=Variety|date=March 16, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; In Juin 2015, Menken said the film wad nae include the songs that war written for the Broadway musical.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Alan-Menken-Confirms-3-New-Songs-for-BEAUTY-AND-THE-BEAST-Film-Broadway-Tunes-Will-Not-Be-Included-20150605 |title=Alan Menken Confirms 3 New Songs for BEAUTY AND THE BEAST Film; Broadway Tunes Will Not Be Included |publisher=broadwayworld.com |date=June 5, 2015 |accessdate=June 5, 2015 |archive-date=2017-09-10 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170910111047/https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Alan-Menken-Confirms-3-New-Songs-for-BEAUTY-AND-THE-BEAST-Film-Broadway-Tunes-Will-Not-Be-Included-20150605 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Filmin began on Mey 18, 2015 in [[London]], and production offeecially wrapped in August 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://collider.com/allegiant-movie-ending-beauty-and-the-beast-todd-lieberman/ |title=Todd Lieberman Offers Updates on ALLEGIANT and Disney's BEAUTY AND THE BEAST |publisher=collider.com |date=March 7, 2015 |accessdate=March 11, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Disney's Live Action BEAUTY AND THE BEAST Officially Wraps Production!|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Disneys-Live-Action-BEAUTY-AND-THE-BEAST-Officially-Wraps-Production-20150827|accessdate=June 10, 2016|publisher=Broadway World|date=August 27, 2015|archive-date=2017-09-10|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170910105349/https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Disneys-Live-Action-BEAUTY-AND-THE-BEAST-Officially-Wraps-Production-20150827|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; The film wis released on Mairch 17, 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/420081-emma-thompson-and-kevin-kline-join-beauty-and-the-beast-release-date-set |title=Emma Thompson and Kevin Kline Join Beauty and the Beast, Release Date Set |publisher=comingsoon.net |date=March 16, 2015 |accessdate=March 16, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Merchandise==
''Beauty and the Beast'' merchandise civer a wide variety of products, amang them storybook versions of the film's story, a comic beuk based on the film published bi [[Disney Comics]], toys, childer's costumes, an ither items. In addition, the character of Belle haes been integrated intae the &quot;[[Disney Princess]]&quot; line of Disney's [[Disney Consumer Products|Consumer Products division]], and appears on merchandise relatit to that franchise.&lt;ref name=&quot;disney1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2013/08/disneys-beauty-and-the-beast-continues-inspiring-new-merchandise-coming-to-disney-parks/ |title=Disney's 'Beauty and the Beast' Continues Inspiring New Merchandise Coming to Disney Parks « Disney Parks Blog |publisher=Disneyparks.disney.go.com |date= |accessdate=March 18, 2014 |archive-date=2020-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817143054/https://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2013/08/disneys-beauty-and-the-beast-continues-inspiring-new-merchandise-coming-to-disney-parks/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1995, a live-action childer's series entitled ''[[Sing Me a Story with Belle]]'' began running in syndication, remainin on the air throu 1999. Twa direct-to-video followups (which tak place during the timeline depicted in the oreeginal film) war produced bi [[Disney Television Animation|Walt Disney Television Animation]]: ''[[Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas]]'' in 1997 and ''[[Belle's Magical World]]'' in 1998; in contrast tae the universal acclaim of the oreeginal, reception tae the sequels wis extremely negative. [[Disney on Ice]] produced an ice version of the movie that opened in 1992 in Lakeland, Florida. The show wis sic a huge commercial and critical success, touring aroond the world to sell-out crowds, that a television special wis made when it toured Spain in 1994.&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://artery.wbur.org/2014/02/15/disney-on-ice |title=You Cannot Resist The Joy Of 'Disney On Ice'—So Don't Even Think About It &amp;#124; ARTery |publisher=Artery.wbur.org |date=February 15, 2014 |accessdate=March 18, 2014 |archive-date=2016-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406080106/http://artery.wbur.org/2014/02/15/disney-on-ice |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The show ended its run in 2006, efter 14 years.&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot; /&gt;

===Video gemmes===
There are several video gemmes that are loosely based on the film: The first video game based on the film wis titled ''Beauty and the Beast'' and is an [[Action game|action]] [[Platform game|platformer]] developed bi [[Probe Software]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MobyGames&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.mobygames.com/game/disneys-beauty-and-the-beast_| title = Release information | publisher = [[MobyGames]]| accessdate = May 16, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; and published bi [[Hudson Soft]] for the [[Nintendo Entertainment System|NES]]. It wis released in Europe in 1994.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/nes/data/587127.html| title = Release information | publisher = [[GameFAQs]] | accessdate = May 2, 2008 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091231074633/http://gamefaqs.com/console/nes/data/587127.html | archivedate=December 31, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Gaston (Disney)|Gaston]] is the final boss of the game acause he wants to kill the Beast and mairy Belle.&lt;ref name=&quot;MobyGames&quot; /&gt;

The seicont video game based on the film wis titled ''Beauty &amp; The Beast: Belle's Quest'' and is an action platformer for the [[Sega Genesis]]. Developed bi [[Software Creations (UK)|Software Creations]], the game wis released in North America in 1993.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/genesis/data/586056.html| title = Release information | publisher = [[GameFAQs]]| accessdate = August 27, 2008 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090324084458/http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/genesis/data/586056.html | archivedate=March 24, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is ane of twa video gemmes based on the film that [[Sunsoft]] published for the Genesis, the ither being ''Beauty &amp; The Beast: Roar of the Beast''. Characters frae the film lik Gaston can help the player past tricky situations. As Belle, the player must reach the Beast's castle and break the spell to live [[happy ending|happily ever efter]]. To succeed, she must explore the veelage, forest, castle, an snowy forest to solve puzzles and mini-gemmes while ducking or jumping ower enemies. Belle's heal is represented bi a stack of blue beuks, which diminishes when she touches bats, rats, an ither hazards in the game. Extra lives, keys and ither items are hidden throughout the levels. While there is no continue or game saving ability, players can uise a code to stairt the game at ony of the seven levels.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mobygames.com/game/genesis/disneys-beauty-and-the-beast-belles-quest/screenshots |title=Disney's Beauty and the Beast: Belle's Quest (1993) screenshots |publisher=MobyGames |accessdate=August 14, 2011 |archive-date=2020-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728235201/https://www.mobygames.com/game/genesis/disneys-beauty-and-the-beast-belles-quest/screenshots |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The third video game based on the film wis titled '''Beauty &amp; The Beast: Roar of the Beast'' and is a [[side-scrolling]] video game for the Genesis. As the Beast, the player must successfully complete several levels, based on scenes from the film, in order to protect the castle from invading villagers and forest animals and rescue Belle from Gaston.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mobygames.com/game/genesis/disneys-beauty-and-the-beast-roar-of-the-beast |title=Disney's Beauty and the Beast: Roar of the Beast for Genesis (1993) |publisher=MobyGames |accessdate=August 14, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; The fourth video game based on the film was titled ''Disney's Beauty and the Beast'' and is an action platformer for the [[SNES]]. It was developed by Probe Entertainment and published by Hudson Soft in North America in July 1994 and in Europe on February 23, 1995. The game was published by [[Virgin Interactive]] in Japan on July 8, 1994.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/snes/data/588215.html| title = Release information | publisher = [[GameFAQs]]| accessdate = May 16, 2008 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930181734/http://www.gamefaqs.com/console/snes/data/588215.html | archivedate=September 30, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; The entire game is played through the perspective of the Beast. As the Beast, the player must get Belle to fall in love so that the curse cast upon him and his castle will be broken. The final boss of the game is Gaston. The Beast can walk, jump, swipe, stomp, super stomp, and roar, the last of which is used to both damage enemies and reveal hidden objects.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last= |first= |title=ProReview: Disney's Beauty and the Beast|work=[[GamePro]]|issue=61|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=August 1994|page=58}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The fift video game based on the film wis titled ''Disney's Beauty &amp; The Beast: A Boardgame Adventure'' and is a Disney Boardgame adventure for the [[Game Boy Color]]. It was released on October 25, 1999.

The video game series ''[[Kingdom Hearts]]'' features a world based on the film, named &quot;Beast's Castle&quot;, alang with several of the film's characters. In [[Kingdom Hearts (video game)|the first game]], the world haes been destroyed and Belle kidnapped bi the Heartless, led bi [[Maleficent]], but the Beast travels to Maleficent's stronghold and works with [[Sora (Kingdom Hearts)|Sora]] to defeat Maleficent and rescue Belle and the ither captured princesses.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/wikis/kingdom-hearts-ii/Part_1_-_Beast%27s_Castle |title=Part 1 - Beast's Castle - Kingdom Hearts 2 Wiki Guide |publisher=IGN |date=March 28, 2006 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; In ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'', the world haes syne been restored follaein Ansem's defeat, but Beast and Belle are haein difficulties due tae the enigmatic Xaldin of [[Organization XIII]] attemptin to bring out the Beast's darker side in order to turn him intae a Heartless and a Nobody, but the Beast eventually comes to his senses and works with Sora ance again to defeat Xaldin ance and for all. In the game's ending credits, the Beast turns back intae the Prince. In ''[[Kingdom Hearts: 358/2 Days]]'', the world is featured as a playable level but the story is not essential to the main plot. In ''[[Kingdom Hearts χ]]'', the world is featured again and follows the plot of the movie more closely. The characters featured in the series are Beast, Belle, Lumiere, Gaston, Cogsworth, Mrs. Potts, Chip, Maurice and the Wardrobe. Gaston and Maurice do not appear until ''Kingdom Hearts χ'', which takes place before the main series. After Gaston is defeated, the world's primary antagonist becomes Xaldin, an original character created for the series, but who shares several traits with Forte, the main antagonist of ''Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas''.&lt;ref name=&quot;autogeneratedii&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/wikis/kingdom-hearts-ii/Part_2_-_Beast%27s_Castle |title=Part 2 - Beast's Castle - Kingdom Hearts 2 Wiki Guide |publisher=IGN |date=March 28, 2006 |accessdate=March 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Notes ==
{{notes}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Freemit airtins==
{{wikiquote}}
{{Commonscat}}
* {{Official website|http://movies.disney.com/beauty-and-the-beast}}
* {{IMDb title|0101414|Beauty and the Beast}}
* {{Allrovi movie|4522|Beauty and the Beast}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes|beauty_and_the_beast_1991|Beauty and the Beast}}
* {{Metacritic film|beauty-and-the-beast-1991|Beauty and the Beast}}
* {{Mojo title|beautyandthebeast|Beauty and the Beast}}
* {{Tcmdb title|68299|Beauty and the Beast}}
* {{Bcdb title|5|Beauty and the Beast}}

{{Disney theatrical animatit featurs}}
{{Walt Disney Animation Studios}}
{{GoldenGlobeBestMotionPictureMusicalComedy 1981-2000}}

[[Category:1990s American animatit films]]
[[Category:1991 animatit films]]
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[[Category:Witchcraft in film]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Blue jay</title>
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      <text bytes="22765" sha1="8vmltw30pt7acpmsoil0zizz4tkzwl5" xml:space="preserve">{{Fix Scots|date=September 2020}}{{Taxobox
| image = Cyanocitta-cristata-004.jpg
| image_caption =
| image2 = Cyanocitta cristata - Blue Jay - XC109601.ogg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{IUCN|id=22705611 |title=''Cyanocitta cristata'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Passeriformes]]
| familia = [[Corvidae]]
| genus = ''[[Cyanocitta]]''
| species = '''''C. cristata'''''
| binomial = ''Cyanocitta cristata''
| binomial_authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]])
| range_map = Blue Jay-rangemap.png
| range_map_caption = Global range.&lt;br/&gt;Yellae: breedin anly&lt;br/&gt;Green: Resident aw year&lt;br/&gt;Blue: winterin anly.&lt;br/&gt;See an aa [[#Distribution an habitat|text]] for recent range expansion.
| range_map_caption = Global range&lt;br/&gt;{{leftlegend|#FFFF00|Breedin range|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#00BE03|Year-roond range|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#0000FF|Winterin range|outline=gray}}See an aa [[#Distribution an habitat|text]] for recent range expansion.
}}


The '''Blue Jay''' (''Cyanocitta cristata'') is a [[passerine]] bird in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Corvidae]], native tae [[North Americae]]. It bides throu maist o eastren an central Unitit States an soothren Canadae, altho wastren populations mey be migratory. It breeds in baith deciduous an coniferous forests, an is common near an in settlements. It is maistly blue wi a white breist an unnerparts, an a blue crest. It haes a black, U-shapen collar aroond its neck an a black mairch ahint the crest. Size atween sexes ar alike, an plumage disnae chynge throu the year. Thar Blue Jay haes fower unco subspecies.

The blue jay maistly baits on nits an seeds siclik acorns, saft fruits, [[arthropods]], an betimes smaa vertebrates. It teepically gleans fuid frae trees, shrubs, an the grund, tho it whiles hawks insects frae the air. It bigs an appen cup nest in beuchs o trees, that baith sexes skairs in biggin. Thair clatch can hae twa tae seiven eggs, that are blueish or licht broun wi broun spots. Progeny ar altricial, an bruidit bi the female for 8–12 days efter hatchin. Thay mey bide wi thair parents for ane or twa month.

The bird's name derives frae its noisy, gabbie naitur.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last = Coues | first = Elliot | title = Key to North American birds | url = https://archive.org/details/keytonorthameric00coue | publisher = Estes and Lauriat | edition = 5th | year = 1890 | location = Boston, MA | page = [https://archive.org/details/keytonorthameric00coue/page/326 326] | isbn = | oclc = 469020022}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is whiles cried a &quot;jaybird&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title= jaybird – definition of jaybird by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia |url= http://www.thefreedictionary.com/jaybird|accessdate = April 20, 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Descrievin==
The Blue Jay meisurs {{convert|22|-|30|cm|abbr=on|0}} frae bill tae tail an wechts {{convert|70|-|100|g|abbr=on}}, wi a wingspan o {{convert|34|-|43|cm|abbr=on}}.&lt;ref name=CLO/&gt;&lt;ref name=Frysinger/&gt; Jays frae [[Connecticut]] averaged {{convert|92.4|g|oz|abbr=on}} in mass, whiles jays frae soothren Floridae averaged {{convert|73.7|g|oz|abbr=on}}.&lt;ref&gt;Jewell, S. D. 1986. ''Weights and wing lengths in Connecticut Blue Jays''. Connecticut Warbler, 6: 47-49.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Fisk, E. J. 1979. ''Fall and winter birds near Homestead, Florida''. Bird-Banding 50:224-303.&lt;/ref&gt; Thare is a pronoonced crest on the heid, a croun o feathers, that mey be raised or lawered accordin tae the bird's muid. Whan excitit or aggressive, the crest mey be fu raised. When feartit, the crest bristles ootwards, brushlik. Whan the bird is feedin amang ither jays or restin, the crest is flat tae the heid.&lt;ref name = nero1991/&gt;

Its plumage is lavender-blue tae mid-blue in the crest, back, wings, an tail, an its face is white. The unnerside is aff-white an the neck is collared wi black that extends tae the sides o the heid. The wing primaries an tail are strangly barred wi black, sky-blue an white. The bill, legs, an een are aw black. Males an females ar near identical, but the male is a little muckler.&lt;ref name=Frysinger/&gt;&lt;ref name=Madge/&gt;

As wi maist ither blue-hued birds, the Blue Jay's colouration isnae derived frae pigments but is the result of licht interference due tae the internal structur o the feathers;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title= What Color is a Bluejay? |url= http://dnr.wi.gov/wnrmag/html/stories/2003/feb03/jays.htm |work= Wisconsin Natural Resources Magazine |author= Carpenter, Anita |date= February 2003 |access-date= 2014-03-06 |archive-date= 2018-07-31 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180731134126/https://dnr.wi.gov/wnrmag/html/stories/2003/feb03/jays.htm |url-status= dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; gif a blue feather is crushed, the blue disappears as the structur is destroyed.&lt;ref name=CLO/&gt; This is referred tae as structural coloration.

==Distribution an habitat==
The blue jay occurs frae soothren [[Canadae]] throu the eastren an central [[USA]] sooth tae [[Florida]] an northeastren [[Texas]]. The wastren edge o the range staps whaur the arid pine forest an scrub habitat o the close relatit Steller's jay (''C. stelleri'') begins. O recent, the range o the Blue Jay haes extendit northwastwards sae that it is nou a rare but regular seen winter veesitor alang the northren US an soothren Canadian Pacific Coast.&lt;ref name=CLO/&gt; As the twa species' ranges nou owerlap, ''C. cristata'' mey whiles hybridize wi Steller's jay.&lt;ref name=Rhymer/&gt;

The northrenmaist subspecies ''C. c. bromia'' is migratory, subject tae necessity. It mey withdraw several hundrit kilometres sooth in the northrenmaist pairts o its range. Thoosands o blue jays hae been observed tae migrate in flocks alang the Great Lochs an Atlantic coasts. It migrates durin the daytime, in loose flocks o 5 tae 250 birds. Muckle aboot thair migratory behaviour remains a mystery. Some ar present throuoot winter in aw pairts o thair range. Young jays mey be mair likely tae migrate nor adults, but mony adults migrate an aa. Some individual jays migrate sooth ane year, stay north the neist winter, an then migrate sooth again the neist year. Tae date, naebody haes concretely wirkit oot hou thay migrate whan thay dae. Likely, it is relatit tae wather condeetions an hou abundant the winter fuid soorces are, that can determine whather ither northren birds will flit sooth.&lt;ref name=&quot;eggeater&quot; /&gt;

The blue jay occupies a variety o habitats athin its muckle range, frae the [[pine]] wids o Florida tae the spruce-[[fir]] forests o northren Ontario. It is less abundant in denser forests, preferrin mixed widlands wi [[aik]]s an [[beech]]es.&lt;ref name = nero1991 /&gt; It haes expertly adaptit tae human activity, occurrin in pairks an residential areas, an can adapt tae halesale deforestation wi relative ease gif human activity creates ither means for the jays tae get bi.&lt;ref name = henninger1906/&gt;

==Subspecies==
Fower [[subspecies]] are generally acceptit, tho the variation athin this species is rather subtle an essentially [[cline (population genetics)|clinal]]. Nae firm boundaries can be drawn atween the inland subspecies. The ranges o the coastal races are better deleemitit.&lt;ref name=Madge/&gt;
* ''Cyanocitta cristata bromia'' – northren Blue Jay
:[[Canadae]] an northren [[USA]]. The lairgest subspecies, wi fairly dull plumage. Blue is rather pale.
* ''Cyanocitta cristata cristata'' – coastal Blue Jay
:Coastal USA frae [[North Carolina]] tae [[Texas]], except soothren [[Florida]]. Mid-sized an vivid blue.
* ''Cyanocitta cristata cyanotephra'' – interior Blue Jay
:Inland USA, intergradin wi ''C. c. bromia'' tae the north. Mid-sized, quite dark blue on mantle contrastin cleanly wi very white unnerside.
* ''Cyanocitta cristata semplei'' – Florida blue Jay
:Soothren Florida. The smawest subspecies, much lik ''C. c. bromia'' in colour.

&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Blue Jay-27527.jpg|The bricht ''Cyanocitta cristata cristata'' in [[Johnston Coonty, North Carolina]]
File:Blue Jay Ash RWD5.jpg|''Cyanocitta c. cristata''&lt;br&gt;Ash, North Carolina
File:Cyanocitta cristata FWS.jpg|A ''C. c. cyanotephra'' in [[DeSoto Naitional Wildlife Refuge]], [[Iowa]]
File:Geai bleu.jpg|''C. c. semplei'', a smaa form, in [[Collier Coonty, Florida]]
File:Bluejay (Cyanocitta cristata) (1547) - Relic38.jpg|''C. c. bromia'' in [[Muskoka Lakes, Ontario]]
File:Young blue jay.jpg|''C. c. bromia'', Young Northren Blue Jay in Ontario, Canadae
File:Blue jay.jpg|''C. c. bromia'', Northren Blue Jay in Ontario, Canadae
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Behaviour==
[[File:MerlinchasingBlueJay08.jpg|thumb|right| A [[Merlin (bird)|Merlin]] chasin a Blue Jay]]
The blue jay is a noisy, bold an aggressive passerine. It is a moderately slow flier (roughly {{Convert|32|-|40|kph|abbr = on}}) whan unprovoked.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/publications/nonpwdpubs/young_naturalist/animals/animal_speeds/index.phtml Texas Parks &amp; Wildlife]. Retrieved July 1, 2008.&lt;/ref&gt; It flies wi body an tail haudit level, wi slaw wing beats.
Due tae its slaw flyin speeds, this species maks easy prey for hawks an houlets whan flyin in appen areas. Virtually aw the raptorial birds sympatric in distribution wi the blue jay mey predate it, espeicial swift bird-huntin speicialists siclik the ''Accipiter'' hawks. Diverse predators mey predate jay eggs an young up tae thair fledgin stage, includin tree squirrels, [[snake]]s, [[cat]]s, crows, [[raccoon]]s, [[opossum]]s, ither jays an possibly mony o the same birds o prey that atteck adults.&lt;ref name= ADW&gt;[http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Cyanocitta%20cristata.html ADW: Cyanocitta cristata: INFORMATION]&lt;/ref&gt;

The blue jay can be beneficial tae ither bird species, as it mey chase predatory birds, siclik [[hawk]]s an [[houlet]]s, an will scream gif it sees a predator athin its territory. It haes been kent tae soond an alarm cry whan hawks or ither dangers are near an aa, an smawer birds eften recognise this cry an hide thairsels awa accordinly. It mey occasionally impersonate the cries o raptors, especial thon o the Reid-tailed an Reid-shouldered Hawks, possibly tae test gif a hawk is in the vicinity, tho possibly tae scare aff ither birds that mey compete for fuid soorces an aa.&lt;ref name=&quot;eggeater&quot; /&gt; It mey be aggressive tae humans that come ower close tae its nest an aa, an gif an houlet roosts near the nest durin the daytime the blue jay mobs it till it taks a new roost. Houaniver, blue jays hae been kent tae attack or kill ither smawer birds an sleepin, foliage-roostin bat species sic as Lasiurus borealis an aa.&lt;ref name = oiseauxnet2008/&gt; Jays ar verra territorial birds, an thay will chase ithers frae a feeder for an easier meal. Addeetionally, the blue jay mey raid ither birds' nests, stealin eggs, chicks, an nests. Houiver, this mey nae be as common as is teepically thocht, as anerly 1% o fuid matter in ane study wis compromised bi birds.&lt;ref name = &quot;eggeater&quot; /&gt; Despite this, ither passerines mey still mob jays that come athin thair breedin territories.

Blue jays, lik ither [[Corvidae|corvids]], are heichly curious an ar considert intelligent birds. Young individuals playfully snatch brichtly coloured or reflective objects, siclik bottle caps or pieces o aluminium foil, an haul them aroond till thay lose interest.&lt;ref name = oiseauxnet2008 /&gt; Whiles nae confirmt tae hae engaged in tuil uise in the wild, blue jays in captivity hae been observed uisin strips o newspaper as tuils tae obtain fuid,&lt;ref name=&quot;eggeater&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=Jones/&gt; whiles captive fledglins hae been observed attemptin tae appen the duir tae thair cages.&lt;ref&gt;[http://db89.tumblr.com/post/6161461898/a-clever-blue-jay-fledgling-attempts-to-open-the American Rivers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131218082948/http://db89.tumblr.com/post/6161461898/a-clever-blue-jay-fledgling-attempts-to-open-the |date=2013-12-18 }}. tumblr.com&lt;/ref&gt;

==Diet==
[[File:Blue Jay with Peanut.jpg|thumb|left|Whole [[peanit|peanut]]s an ither shelled fuid items are carried off in the beak tae be dealt wi at leisure.]]
[[File:Blue jay - nut cracking.ogv|right|Blue Jay cracking nuts|thumb]]
Blue jays hae strange black bills that thay uise for crackin nuts an acorns, fir uisual whiles haudin them wi thair feet, an for eatin corn, grains an seeds. Its fuid is soucht baith on the grund an in trees an includes virtually aw kent types o plant an ainimal soorces, sic as acorns an [[beech]] mast, [[weed]] seeds, grain, [[fruit]]s an ither berries, peanuts, breid, meat, smaa [[invertebrate]]s o mony types, scraps in toun pairks, bird-table fuid an rarely [[egg (biology)|eggs]] an nestlins.&lt;ref name=&quot;eggeater&quot; &gt;[http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Blue_Jay.html Blue Jay]. birds.cornell.edu&lt;/ref&gt; Blue jays will whiles cache fuid, tho tae whit extent differs widely amang individuals.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Blue_Jay/id AllAboutBirds.org – Blue Jay] The Cornell Lab of Ornithology&lt;/ref&gt; Altho seemingly contentious in thair general behaviour, blue jays are frequently subservient tae ither medium-sized birds that veesit bird-feeders. In [[Florida]], blue jays wis dominatit at feeders bi Eastren gray squirrels, Florida Scrub-Jays, Common Grackles an Reid-heidit Widpeckers, aw o that wis occasionally observed tae aggressively prevent the jays frae feedin.&lt;ref name=&quot;eggeater&quot; /&gt;

==Reproduction==
[[File:Blue Jays nest.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Nest in the tap o a little pine.]]
The matin saison begins in mid-Mairch, peaks in mid-Aprile tae Mey, an extends intae Julie. Ony suitable tree or muckle bush mey be uised for nestin, tho an evergreen is preferred. The nest is preferentially biggit at a heicht in the trees o {{convert|3|to|10|m|ft|abbr=on}}. It is cup-shaped an componed o twigs, smaa ruits, bark strips, moss, ither plant material, cloth, paper, an feathers, wi occasional mud addit tae the cup.

Blue jays arnae owerly picky anent nestin locations. Gif nae better place is available – e.g. in a hivily deforestit area – thay will even uise places lik the muckle mailboxes teepical o the rural Unitit States.&lt;ref name = henninger1906/&gt; Thay appropriate nests o ither mid-sized sangbirds as lang as thay ar placed in suitable spots an aa; American robin nests are fir uisual uised bi blue jays, for ensaumple.
[[File:Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristata Fledgling.jpg|thumb|left|Fledgling in mid-Juin]]
[[File:Blue Jay fledgling head.JPG|thumb|left|Fledgling bird]]
Blue jays typically form monogamous pair bonds for life. Baith sexes big the nest an rear the young, tho anely the female bruids them. The male feeds the female whiles she is bruidin the eggs. Thare are fir uisual atween 3 an 6 (averagin 4 or 5) eggs laid an incubatit ower 16–18 days. The young fir uisual fledge atween 17–21 days efter hatchin.&lt;ref name = oiseauxnet2008 /&gt;

Efter the juveniles fledge, the faimily travels an forages thegither till early faw, whan the young birds disperse tae jouk competeetion for fuid during the winter. Sexual maturity is reached efter ane year o age. Blue jays hae been recordit tae live for mair nor 26 years in captivity an ane wild jay wis fand tae hae been aroond 17 an a hauf year auld.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/BBL/longevity/Longevity_main.cfm | title = Longevity Records Of North American Birds | accessdate = 24 December 2012 | publisher = U. S. Geological Survey: Bird Banding Laboratory}}&lt;/ref&gt; A mair common lifespan for wild birds that survive tae adultheid is aroond 7 years.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Long Do Blue Jays Live?|url=https://birdfact.com/articles/how-long-do-blue-jays-live|access-date=2023-03-23|website=Birdfact|language=en|archive-date=2023-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323192750/https://birdfact.com/articles/how-long-do-blue-jays-live|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ayont predation an the occasional collision wi man-made objects, a reglar cause o mortality in recent tenyeirs haes been the Wast Nile Virus, that corvids as a hale seem espeicial susceptible tae. Houaniver, despite several major local declines, oweraw Blue Jays hinna seemt tae hae been depletit bi the disease.&lt;ref name= ADW/&gt;

==Vocalisations==

Blue jays can mak a lairge variety o soonds, an individuals mey vary perceptibly in thair cryin style. Lik ither [[corvid]]s, thay mey learn tae mimic human speech. Blue jays can copy the cries o local hawks an aa, sae well that it is whiles difficult tae tell whit it is.&lt;ref name=&quot;George 1&quot;/&gt;
Thair vyce is teepical o maist [[jay]]s in bein varied, but the maist reglar recognised soond is the alairm cry, that is a lood, almaist [[gull]]-lik scream. Thare is a heich-pitched ''jayer-jayer'' cry that increases in speed as the bird becomes mair agitatit as weel. This parteecular cry can be easily confused wi the chickadee's sang acause o the slaw stairtin ''chick-ah-dee-ee''. Blue jays will uise thair cries tae baund thegither tae [[Mobbin behavior|mob]] potential predators sic as [[hawk]]s an drive them awa frae the jays' nests.

{{Listen
| filename=Cyanocitta cristata - Blue Jay - XC86756.ogg
| title=&quot;Rusty pump&quot; calls
}}

Blue jays hae quiet, almist subliminal calls an aa, that thay uise amang themselves in proximity. Ane o the maist distinctive cries o this teep is eften referrt tae as the &quot;rusty pump&quot; awin tae its squeaky resemblance tae the soond o an auld haund-operatit watter pump. The blue jay (an ither corvids) ar distinct frae maist ither sangbirds for uisin thair cry as a sang.

==Cultural depiction an interpretation==
In auld African-American folklore o the soothren Unitit States the blue jay wis haudit tae be a servant o the Deil, an &quot;wis nae encoontered on a Friday as he wis fetchin sticks doun tae Hell; forby, he wis sae happy an chirpy on a Setturday as he wis relieved tae return frae Hell&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;ingersoll23&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Ingersoll|first=Ernest|title=Birds in legend, fable and folklore|publisher=Longmans, Green and co.|location=New York|year=1923|pages=166–167|url=http://www.archive.org/details/birdsinlegendfab00inge|accessdate=2009-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The blue jay wis adoptit as the team seembol o the Toronto Blue Jays Major League Baseball team, as weel as some o thair minor-league affiliates. Thair mascot is Ace, a blue jay.

The blue jay is the offeecial bird o the province o [[Prince Edward Island]] in Canadae.

Mordecai, an anthropomorphic blue jay, is ane o the main chairacters o the cartuin series ''Regular Show''.

The Blue Jay is featurt in Mark Twain's &quot;A Tramp Abroad&quot;, Chapter 3 &quot;Baker's Blue-Jay Yarn&quot;.

==References==
{{Reflist|35em|refs=
&lt;ref name=CLO&gt;[[Cornell Lab of Ornithology]] (1999): Bird Guide – [http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Blue_Jay_dtl.html Blue Jay]. Retrieved 2007-MAY-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Frysinger&gt;Frysinger, J. (2001): Animal Diversity Web: [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Cyanocitta_cristata.html ''Cyanocitta cristata'']. Retrieved 2007-JUN-18.&lt;!-- there is some more information here e.g. on predators and status --&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;George 1&quot;&gt;George, Philip Brandt. (2003): ''In:'' Baughman, Mel M. (ed.): ''Reference Atlas to the Birds of North America''. [[National Geographic Society]], Washington, D.C., p. 279, ISBN 978-0-7922-3373-2&lt;/ref&gt;
* Goodwin, Derek &amp; Gillmor, Robert (1976): ''Crows of the World'' (1st ed.). University of Washington Press, Seattle.
&lt;ref name = henninger1906&gt;{{cite journal|author=Henninger, W.F.|year=1906|title=A preliminary list of the birds of Seneca County, Ohio|journal=[[Wilson Bulletin]]|volume=18|issue=2|pages=47–60|url=http://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/wilson/v018n02/p0047-p0060.pdf|access-date=2014-03-06|archive-date=2018-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819031243/https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/wilson/v018n02/p0047-p0060.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Jones&gt;{{cite journal|author=Jones, Thony B. &amp; Kamil, Alan C. |year=1973|title= Tool-Making and Tool-Using in the Northern Blue Jay|url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1066&amp;context=bioscibehavior|journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]]|volume=180|issue=4090|pages= 1076–1078|doi=10.1126/science.180.4090.1076}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=Madge&gt;Madge, Steve &amp; Burn, Hilary (1994): ''Crows and jays: a guide to the crows, jays and magpies of the world''. A&amp;C Black, London. ISBN 978-0-7136-3999-5&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = nero1991&gt;Nero, Robert W. (1991): [http://www.ffdp.ca/hww2.asp?id=30&amp;cid=7 Bird Fact Sheet – Blue Jay] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204094824/http://www.ffdp.ca/hww2.asp?id=30&amp;cid=7 |date=2009-02-04 }}. Retrieved 2007-MAY-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = oiseauxnet2008&gt;Oiseaux.net (2008): [http://www.oiseaux.net/oiseaux/passeriformes/blue.jay.html Blue Jay]. Version of 2008-FEB-13. Retrieved 2008-FEB-14.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name = Rhymer&gt;{{cite journal|author=Rhymer, Judith M. &amp; Simberloff, Daniel|year=1996|title= Extinction by hybridization and introgression|journal=[[Annual Reviews|Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst.]]|volume=27|pages= 83–109|doi=10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.83}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

==Forder readin==
* Tarvin, K.A. &amp; Woolfenden, G.E. (1999): Blue Jay (''Cyanocitta cristata''). ''In:'' Poole, A. &amp; Gill, F. (eds.): ''The Birds of North America'' '''469'''. [[Academy of Natural Sciences]], Philadelphia, PA &amp; [[American Ornithologists' Union]], Washington, D.C.

==Freemit airtins==
{{Commons category|Cyanocitta cristata}}
{{wikispecies|Cyanocitta cristata}}
* [http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/i4770id.html Blue Jay – ''Cyanocitta cristata''] – USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
* {{InternetBirdCollection|blue-jay-cyanocitta-cristata|Blue Jay}}
* [http://www.borealforest.org/birds/bluejay.htm Blue Jay] at borealforest.org
* [http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/wwwsounds/birds/hardy47sh.wav Blue Jay Bird Sound] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110106020639/http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/wwwsounds/birds/hardy47sh.wav |date=2011-01-06 }} at Florida Museum of Natural History
* [http://www.suitable.com/fun/bluejays/index.html Photo essay of blue jay nestlings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416221712/http://www.suitable.com/fun/bluejays/index.html |date=2014-04-16 }}
* {{VIREO|blue+jay|Blue Jay}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jay, Blue}}
[[Category:Birds o Canadae]]
[[Category:Birds o the Unitit States]]
[[Category:Fauna o Delaware an Maryland]]
[[Category:Fauna o the Eastren Unitit States]]
[[Category:Cyanocitta]]
[[Category:Jays]]
[[Category:Birds o North Americae]]
[[Category:Tuil-uisin species]]
[[Category:Ainimals descrived in 1758]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Pelé</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>72951</id>
    <revision>
      <id>900173</id>
      <parentid>889516</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-11-15T14:48:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rich Farmbrough</username>
        <id>359</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Copyedit. Format dates.</comment>
      <origin>900173</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10018" sha1="6zt3wemtjobtmb6ok9tcoxht5teochc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person &lt;!-- SEE TALK PAGE FOR DISCUSSION --&gt;
| name              = Pelé
| image             = Pelé Mar del Plata 1965.PNG
| image_size        = 250px
| caption           = Pelé in 1970
| birth_name        = Edson Arantes do Nascimento&lt;ref name=&quot;birth_certificate&quot;/&gt;
| birth_date        = {{birth date|1940|10|23|df=y}}&lt;ref name=&quot;birth_certificate&quot;/&gt;
| birth_place       = [[Três Corações]], [[Brazil]]
| death_date        = 29 December 2022 (aged 82)
| death_place       = [[Sao Paulo]], [[Brazil]]
| height            = {{height|m=1.73}}
| occupation        = [[Fitbawer]] (retired), [[humanitarian]]
| networth          =
| spouse            = {{marriage|Rosemeri dos Reis Cholbi|1966|1982}}&lt;br /&gt;{{marriage|Assíria Lemos Seixas|1994}}
| partner           = [[Xuxa]] (1981–86)
| children          = {{Collapsible list |title = 3 sons, 3 daughters &lt;!-- In order of age --&gt;
| Sandra Macedo
| Kelly Cristina
| Flavia Kurts
| [[Edson Cholbi Nascimento|Edinho]]
| Joshua
| Celeste
}}
| residence         =
| alma_mater        =
| website           = {{URL|www.pele10.com}}
| signature         =
| parents           = [[Dondinho]], Dona Celeste Arantes
| module            =
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Pelé
| image =
| image_size = 300px
| caption =
| fullname = Edson Arantes do Nascimento
| nationality  =  {{BRA}}ian
| birth_date  = {{Birth date|df=yes|1940|10|23}}
| height = {{convert|1.73|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| birth_place = [[Três Corações]], [[Brazil]]
| position = [[Forrit (association fitbaw)|Forrit]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fifa.com/newscentre/news/newsid=76134/index.html &quot;Pelé and Maradona - two very different number tens&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428221756/http://www.fifa.com/newscentre/news/newsid=76134/index.html |date=28 Aprile 2015 }}. FIFA.com. Retrieved 14 October 2012&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Arantes |first= Edson |title= My Life and the Beautiful Game: The Autobiography of Pele|url= https://archive.org/details/mylifebeautifulg0000pele | page=[https://archive.org/details/mylifebeautifulg0000pele/page/108 108],|publisher=[[Skyhorse Publishing]] |year= 2007 |isbn=1602391963}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1057273.html &quot;The Great Creators&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702210245/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1057273.html |date=2 Julie 2014 }}. FIFA.com. Retrieved 14 October 2012&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/clubs/club=1882559/ &quot;Pele edges Eusebio as Santos defend title&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428211616/http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/clubs/club=1882559/ |date=28 Aprile 2015 }}. FIFA.com. Retrieved 14 October 2012&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br/&gt; [[Midfielder(association fitbaw)|Attackin midfielder]]&lt;ref name=&quot;PeleThe&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title= Pelé: The Autobiography |page=41,|publisher=[[Simon &amp; Schuster]] UK Ltd |location=London |year= 2006 |isbn=978-1416511212 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.santosfc.com.br/en/conteudo.asp?id=28305 &quot;Santos profile: Pele&quot; ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923030405/http://www.santosfc.com.br/en/conteudo.asp?id=28305 |date=23 September 2013 }}. Santos Futbol Clube. Retrieved 14 October 2012&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.talkfootball.co.uk/guides/positions_in_football.html &quot;Attacking midfielder/‘Hole’ player&quot; ]. Talk Football. Retrieved 14 October 2012&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://es.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1533790.html   Pele: Xavi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702201916/http://es.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=1533790.html |date=2 Julie 2014 }}. FIFA.com. Retrieved 14 October 2012&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www2.lequipe.fr/redirect-v6/homes/Football/breves2011/20111027_175129_quand-pele-revait-d-etre-xavi.html  Quand Pelé rêvait d'être Xavi ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013192202/http://www2.lequipe.fr/redirect-v6/homes/Football/breves2011/20111027_175129_quand-pele-revait-d-etre-xavi.html |date=13 October 2014 }}. L'equipe. Retrieved 14 October 2012&lt;/ref&gt;
| youthyears1 = 1953–1956
| youthclubs1 = [[Bauru Atlético Clube|Bauru]]
| years1 = 1956–1974
| years2 = 1975–1977
| clubs1 = [[Santos FC|Santos]]
| clubs2 = [[New York Cosmos (1971–1985)|New York Cosmos]]&lt;ref name=&quot;nasl_profile&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.nasljerseys.com/Players/P/Pele.htm |title=NASL Player Profile – Pele |publisher=Nasljerseys.com |accessdate=12 June 2010
| postscript = .}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caps1 = 638 &lt;!--READ THIS BEFORE CHANGING: This infobox counts league games only, the much quoted stat that Pele scored over 1000 goals in over 1000 games for Santos counts unofficial and cup matches too, so should not be displayed here. --&gt;
| goals1 = 619 &lt;!--READ THIS BEFORE CHANGING: This infobox counts league games only, the much quoted stat that Pele scored over 1000 goals in over 1000 games for Santos counts unofficial and cup matches too, so should not be displayed here. --&gt;
| caps2 = 56
| goals2 = 31
| totalcaps = 694
| totalgoals = 650
| nationalyears1 = 1957–1971
| nationalteam1 = [[Brazil naitional fitbaw team|Brazil]]
| nationalcaps1 = 92
| nationalgoals1 = 77
| medaltemplates   =
{{MedalCountry|{{BRA}}}}
{{MedalSport|Men's [[Fitbaa]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA Warld Cup]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[1958 FIFA Warld Cup|1958 Swaden]]|[[1958 FIFA Warld Cup squads#Brazil|Naitional Team]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[1962 FIFA Warld Cup|1962 Chile]]|[[1962 FIFA Warld Cup squads#Brazil|Naitional Team]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[1970 FIFA Warld Cup|1970 Mexico]]|[[1970 FIFA Warld Cup squads#Brazil|Naitional Team]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Copa América]]}}
{{MedalSilver|[[1959 Sooth American Championship (Argentinae)|1959 Argentinae]]|Naitional Team}}
}}
}}
'''Edson Arantes do Nascimento''' ({{IPA-pt|ˈɛtsõ (w)ɐˈɾɐ̃tʃiz du nɐsiˈmẽtu|br}}), better kent as '''Pelé''' ({{IPA-pt|pe̞ˈlɛ|br}}, name gien as ''Edison'' on birth certificate, born 23 October 1940; deed 29 December 2022),&lt;ref name=&quot;birth_certificate&quot;&gt;Offeecial forename an birth date, as written on his birth certificate, are &quot;Edison&quot; an &quot;21 October 1940&quot;: {{quotation|CERTIDÃO DE NASCIMENTO
&lt;br /&gt;
CERTIFICO que sob o n° 7.095 às fls. 123 do livro n° 21-A de Registro de Nascimento
consta o assento de Edison Arantes do Nascimento
nascido aos vinte e um (21) outubro de mil novecentos
e quarenta (1940) às 03 horas e --- minutos
em esta Cidade de Três Corações
sexo masculino
filho de João Ramos do Nascimento
e de Celeste Arantes
}}
Houever, Pelé haes always maintained that those are mistakes, that he was actually named Edson an that he wis born on 23 October 1940.
{{break|2}}
{{cite book
 |title=Pelé : the autobiography
 |author=Pelé
 |author2=Orlando Duarte |author3=Alex Bellos
  |year=2006
 |publisher=[[Simon &amp; Schuster]] UK Ltd
 |location=London
 |isbn=978-0-7432-7582-8
 |page=14
 |url=http://books.simonandschuster.com.au/Pele-The-Autobiography/Pele/9781416511212/excerpt_with_id/6070
 |accessdate=2 October 2010
 |quote=Shortly before I came along, there was another arrival in Três Corações: electricity. In order to celebrate this great improvement to our daily lives, Dondinho named me Edson, a tribute to Thomas Edison, the inventor of the lightbulb. In fact, on my birth certificate I am actually called Edison with an 'i', a mistake that persists to this day. I'm Edson with no 'i', but to my eternal annoyance quite often the 'i' appears on official or personal documents and time after time I have to explain why. As if that wasn't confusing enough, they got the date wrong on my birth certificate as well – it says 21 October. I'm not sure how this came about; probably because in Brazil we're not so fussy about accuracy. This is another mistake that carries on to this day. When I took out my first passport, the date was put in as 21 October and each time I have renewed it the date has stayed the same.
}}
&lt;/ref&gt; wis a [[Brazil]]ian [[Association fitbaw|fitbawer]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Navboxes colour
|title= Awairds
|bg= gold
|fg= navy
|list1=
{{1958 FIFA World Cup Team of the Tournament}}
{{1970 FIFA World Cup Team of the Tournament}}
{{World Team of the 20th century}}
{{FIFA World Cup Golden Ball}}
{{FIFA World Cup Silver Ball}}
{{FIFA World Cup Best Young Player}}
{{FIFA 100}}
{{Brazilian Football Museum Hall of Fame}}
{{South American Footballer of the Year}}
{{Copa America top scorers}}
{{Copa América MVP}}
{{Copa Libertadores top scorers}}
{{Laureus Lifetime Achievement Award}}
{{National Soccer Hall of Fame members}}
}}
{{Navboxes colour
|title=Brazil squads
|bg=#FEDF00
|fg=#009B3A
|bordercolor=#002776
|list1=
{{Brazil squad 1958 FIFA World Cup}}
{{Brazil squad 1959 South American Championship (Argentina)}}
{{Brazil squad 1962 FIFA World Cup}}
{{Brazil squad 1964 Taça das Nações}}
{{Brazil squad 1966 FIFA World Cup}}
{{Brazil squad 1970 FIFA World Cup}}
}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pele}}
[[Category:1940 births]]
[[Category:2022 daiths]]
[[Category:1958 FIFA Warld Cup players]]
[[Category:1962 FIFA Warld Cup players]]
[[Category:1966 FIFA Warld Cup players]]
[[Category:1970 FIFA Warld Cup players]]
[[Category:Association fitbaw forrits]]
[[Category:Brazil internaitional fitbawers]]
[[Category:Brazilian expatriate fitbawers]]
[[Category:Brazilian expatriates in the Unitit States]]
[[Category:Brazilian fitbawers]]
[[Category:Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players]]
[[Category:Expatriate fitbawers in the Unitit States]]
[[Category:FIFA 100]]
[[Category:FIFA Warld Cup-winnin players]]
[[Category:Fitbaa players an offeecials awairdit knighthuids]]
[[Category:Honorar Knichts Commander o the Order o the Breetish Empire]]
[[Category:Laureus Warld Sports Awairds winners]]
[[Category:Naitional Soccer Haw o Fame members]]
[[Category:Naitional treisurs]]
[[Category:New York Cosmos players]]
[[Category:North American Soccer League (1968–84) players]]
[[Category:Fowk frae Minas Gerais]]
[[Category:Santos Futebol Clube players]]
[[Category:Sooth American Fitbawer o the Year winners]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Juan Mata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>82278</id>
    <revision>
      <id>900181</id>
      <parentid>894889</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-11-15T21:33:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rich Farmbrough</username>
        <id>359</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Copyedit.</comment>
      <origin>900181</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5958" sha1="s80zvncmftcsoyw9n3hmoy5pzdk35au" xml:space="preserve">{{Spanish name|Mata|García}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name           = Juan Mata
| image          = JuanMata DCTraining.jpg
| caption        = Mata trainin wi [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] in 2014
| fullname       = Juan Manuel Mata García&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Barclays Premier League Squad Numbers 2013/14 |url=http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/news/news/2013-14/aug/premier-league-squad-numbers-seasons-2013-14.html |publisher=Premier League |date=16 August 2013 |accessdate=17 August 2013 |archive-date=2013-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925003258/http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/news/news/2013-14/aug/premier-league-squad-numbers-seasons-2013-14.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_date     = {{birth date and age|1988|4|28|df=y}}
| birth_place    = [[Villafranca Montes de Oca|Ocón de Villafranca]], [[Province o Burgos|Burgos]], Spain
| height         = {{height|m=1.70}}
| position       = [[Attackin midfielder]]
| currentclub    = [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]
| clubnumber     = 8
| youthyears1    = 1998–2003 |youthclubs1 = [[Real Oviedo]]
| youthyears2    = 2003–2006 |youthclubs2 = [[Real Madrid Castilla|Real Madrid]]
| years1         = 2006–2007 |clubs1 = [[Real Madrid Castilla|Real Madrid B]]       |caps1 = 39  |goals1 = 10
| years2         = 2007–2011 |clubs2 = [[Valencia CF|Valencia]]                     |caps2 = 129 |goals2 = 33
| years3         = 2011–2014 |clubs3 = [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]                     |caps3 = 82  |goals3 = 18
| years4         = 2014–     |clubs4 = [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] |caps4 = 20  |goals4 = 9&lt;!-- LEAGUE ONLY --&gt;
| nationalyears1 = 2004      |nationalteam1 = [[Spain naitional unner-16 fitbaw team|Spain U16]] |nationalcaps1 = 3  |nationalgoals1 = 2
| nationalyears2 = 2004      |nationalteam2 = [[Spain naitional unner-17 fitbaw team|Spain U17]] |nationalcaps2 = 2  |nationalgoals2 = 1
| nationalyears3 = 2006–2007 |nationalteam3 = [[Spain naitional unner-19 fitbaw team|Spain U19]] |nationalcaps3 = 13 |nationalgoals3 = 12
| nationalyears4 = 2007      |nationalteam4 = [[Spain naitional unner-20 fitbaw team|Spain U20]] |nationalcaps4 = 5  |nationalgoals4 = 3
| nationalyears5 = 2007–2011 |nationalteam5 = [[Spain naitional unner-21 fitbaw team|Spain U21]] |nationalcaps5 = 19 |nationalgoals5 = 5
| nationalyears6 = 2012      |nationalteam6 = [[Spain naitional unner-23 fitbaw team|Spain U23]] |nationalcaps6 = 4  |nationalgoals6 = 0
| nationalyears7 = 2009–     |nationalteam7 = [[Spain naitional fitbaw team|Spain]]              |nationalcaps7 = 34 |nationalgoals7 = 10
| medaltemplates =
{{Medal|Team|{{fb|ESP}}}}
{{Medal|W|[[UEFA European Unner-19 Fitbaa Championship|UEFA U-19 Championship]]|[[:en:2006 UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship|2006]]}}
{{Medal|Third|[[FIFA Confederations Cup]]|[[2009 FIFA Confederations Cup|2009]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[FIFA World Cup]]|[[2010 FIFA Warld Cup|2010]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[UEFA European Unner-21 Fitbaa Championship|UEFA U-21 Championship]]|[[:en:2011 UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship|2011]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[UEFA European Fitbaa Championship|UEFA Euro]]|[[UEFA Euro 2012|2012]]}}
{{Medal|RU|[[FIFA Confederations Cup]]|[[2013 FIFA Confederations Cup|2013]]}}
| pcupdate = 14 September 2014
| ntupdate = 23 Juin 2014
}}
'''Juan Manuel Mata García''', commonly kent as '''Juan Mata''' ({{IPA-es|xwam ˈmata}}; born 28 Aprile 1988), is a Spaingie [[fitbaw]]er who plays for Inglis club [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] an the [[Spain naitional fitbaw team|Spain naitional team]]. He plays primarily as an [[attackin midfielder]] but can play as a [[Midfielder#Winger|winger]] an aw.

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Freemit airtins==
{{commons category|Juan Mata}}
*[http://www.juanmata10.com/ Offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828030049/http://www.juanmata10.com/ |date=2011-08-28 }} {{es icon}}
*{{FIFA player|267811}}
*{{UEFA player|104584}}

{{Navboxes colour
|title=Awards
|bg=gold
|fg=black
|bordercolor=black
|list1=
{{European U21 Championship Golden Player}}
{{UEFA Euro U-21 2011 Team of the Tournament}}
{{Chelsea F.C. Player of the Year}}
{{2012–13 Premier League PFA Team of the Year}}
}}
{{Navboxes colour
|title=Spain squads
|bg=#C60B1E
|fg=#FFC400
|bordercolor=#000033
|list1=
{{Spain squad 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup}}
{{Spain squad 2010 FIFA World Cup}}
{{Spain squad UEFA Euro 2012}}
{{Spain squad 2012 Summer Olympics}}
{{Spain squad 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup}}
{{Spain squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}}
}}
{{Manchester United F.C. squad}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mata, Juan}}
[[Category:1988 births]]
[[Category:Livin fowk]]
[[Category:Fowk frae the Province o Burgos]]
[[Category:Spaingie fitbawers]]
[[Category:Asturian fitbawers]]
[[Category:Castilian-Leonese fitbawers]]
[[Category:Association fitbaw weengers]]
[[Category:Association fitbaw forrits]]
[[Category:La Liga players]]
[[Category:Segunda División players]]
[[Category:Real Madrid CF players]]
[[Category:Real Madrid Castilla fitbawers]]
[[Category:Valencia CF players]]
[[Category:Premier League players]]
[[Category:Chelsea F.C. players]]
[[Category:Manchester United F.C. players]]
[[Category:Spain youth internaitional fitbawers]]
[[Category:Spain unner-21 internaitional fitbawers]]
[[Category:Spain unner-23 internaitional fitbawers]]
[[Category:Spain internaitional fitbawers]]
[[Category:2009 FIFA Confederations Cup players]]
[[Category:2010 FIFA Warld Cup players]]
[[Category:2014 FIFA Warld Cup players]]
[[Category:UEFA Euro 2012 players]]
[[Category:FIFA Warld Cup-winnin players]]
[[Category:UEFA European Championship-winnin players]]
[[Category:Fitbawers at the 2012 Simmer Olympics]]
[[Category:Olympic fitbawers o Spain]]
[[Category:Spaingie expatriate fitbawers]]
[[Category:Expatriate fitbawers in Ingland]]
[[Category:2013 FIFA Confederations Cup players]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bosques de las Lomas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>900193</id>
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      <text bytes="2696" sha1="jmkk8721df09y7jtq2gmvswa89047rn" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Across Torres.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Arcos Bosques]] complex in Bosques de las Lomas]]
'''Bosques de las Lomas''' is a ''[[Colonia (Mexico)|colonia]]'', or offeecially recognisit neebourheid, locatit in wastren [[Mexico Ceety]]. It faws pairtly in [[Cuajimalpa]] burgh an pairtly in [[Miguel Hidalgo, D.F.|Miguel Hidalgo]] borough.

The neebourheid is bordered bi:&lt;ref name=mapa&gt;{{citation|publisher=Delegación Miguel Hidalgo|title=Mapa Colonias|url=http://www.miguelhidalgo.gob.mx/sitio2013/?page_id=995|accessdate=2013-10-11|archive-date=2013-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012054028/http://www.miguelhidalgo.gob.mx/sitio2013/?page_id=995|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012054028/http://www.miguelhidalgo.gob.mx/sitio2013/?page_id=995 |date=2013-10-12 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://eldefe.com/mapa-colonias-delegacion-cuajimalpa/ El Defe.com, ''Mapa de colonias de la Delegación Cuajimalpa'']{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Colonia'' [[Lomas de Chapultepec]] on the east
* the Palo Alto ''colonias'' (ahint which is the [[Santa Fe, Mexico Ceety|Santa Fe]] destrict) an ''colonia''s Lomas de Bezares, Real de Lomas an Lomas de Reforma on the sooth
* ''Colonias'' Lomas de Chemazal an Lomas de Vista Hermosa on the wast an northwast
* the Tecamachalco ''colonias'' on the north, which lee in the [[State o Mexico]]

==Demographics==
Accordin tae [[INEGI]], in 2005, 24,552 fowk livit in the pairt o Bosques locatit in the [[Miguel Hidalgo, D.F.|Miguel Hidalgo]] burgh.&lt;ref name=mapa/&gt;

===Jewish commonty===
In the 1950s, 60s, an 70s, the majority o Mexico Ceety's Jews muivit frae [[Condesa]], [[Colonia Roma|Roma]] an the [[Historic centre o Mexico Ceety|Dountoun]] tae [[Polanco, Mexico Ceety|Polanco]], [[Lomas de Chapultepec]], [[Interlomas]], Bosques de las Lomas, an [[Tecamachalco, State o Mexico|Tecamachalco]], whaur the majority are nou based.&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|url=http://diariojudio.com/opinion/the-many-faces-of-jewish-mexico/6217/|title=The many faces of Jewish Mexico|date=September 13, 2010|author=Vivienne Stanton}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Economy==
The [[Arcos Bosques]] office an shoppin complex is locatit in the neebourheid, juist east o the beginnin o the [[Santa Fe, Mexico Ceety|Santa Fe]] destrict, Mexico Ceety's new financial destrict.

==Transportation==
Main roads in the neebourheid are Bosque de la Reforma, Paseo de los Ahuehuetes Sur, Paseo de los Tamarindos, an Paseo de los Laureles.&lt;ref name=mapa/&gt;

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Mexico Ceety neebourheids}}

{{coord missing|Mexico}}

[[Category:Neebourheids in Mexico Ceety]]
[[Category:Jewish commonties in Mexico]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Darmstadt</title>
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      <text bytes="4769" sha1="0827o79ib631ulheb85oth4zr5yi1s4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox German Location
| Art                = Ceety
| image_photo        = Luisenplatz, Darmstadt.jpg
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = Central Darmstadt
| Wappen             = Wappen Darmstadt.svg
| image_flag         = Hissflagge der Stadt Darmstadt.svg
| Regierungsbezirk   = Darmstadt
| Bundesland         = Hesse
| Landkreis          = urban
| coordinates        = {{coord|49|52|N|8|39|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| Lageplan           = Hessen DA.png
| Höhe               = 144
| Fläche             = 122.23
| Einwohner          = 149052
| Stand              = 2007-06-30
| pop_ref            = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title = Area, population and population change |url = http://www.statistik-hessen.de/themenauswahl/bevoelkerung-gebiet/regionaldaten/gebiet-bevoelkerungsstand-und-vorgaenge/index.html |author = Hessian Statistical Office |language = in German |accessdate = 21 May 2007 |archive-date = 2012-11-18 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121118185528/http://www.statistik-hessen.de/themenauswahl/bevoelkerung-gebiet/regionaldaten/gebiet-bevoelkerungsstand-und-vorgaenge/index.html |url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| PLZ                = 64283–64297
| PLZ-alt            = 6100
| Vorwahl            = 06151, 06150
| Kfz                = DA
| Gemeindeschlüssel  = 06 4 11 000
| LOCODE             = DE DAR
| Gliederung         = 9 boroughs
| Adresse            = Luisenplatz 5&lt;br/&gt;64283 Darmstadt
| Website            = [http://www.darmstadt.de/ www.darmstadt.de]
| Bürgermeister      = Hanno Benz
| Bürgermeistertitel = Lord Mayor
| Partei             = [[Social Democratic Pairty]]
}}
'''Darmstadt''' is a ceety in the [[States o Germany|Bundesland]] (federal state) [[Hesse]] in [[Germany]], locatit in the soothren pairt o the [[Frankfurt Rhine Main Aurie|Rhine-Main-Aurie (Frankfurt Metropolitan Region)]].

==Internaitional relations==

===Twin touns / Sister ceeties===
Darmstadt is [[Twin touns an sister ceeties|twinned]] wi:&lt;ref name=&quot;Darmstadt twinnings&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.darmstadt.de/sprachversionen/english/location/town-twinnings-and-international-relations/|title=Town Twinnings and international relations|accessdate=2014-12-19|work=Büro für Städtepartnerschaften und internationale Beziehungen|language=German|archive-date=2014-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220001753/http://www.darmstadt.de/sprachversionen/english/location/town-twinnings-and-international-relations/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
|
*{{flagicon|EGY}} [[Fayoum]], Egyp
*{{flagicon|NED}} [[Alkmaar]], Netherlands
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Brescia]], Italy
*{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Bursa, Turkey|Bursa]], Turkey&lt;ref name=&quot;Bursa twinnings&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bursa.bel.tr/kardes-sehirler/sayfa/261/|title=Kardeş Şehirler|accessdate=2013-07-27|work=Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi Basın Koordinasyon Merkez|publisher=Tüm Hakları Saklıdır|archive-date=2016-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160523225737/http://www.bursa.bel.tr/kardes-sehirler/sayfa/261/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*{{flagicon|UK}} [[Chesterfield]], Ingland&lt;ref name=&quot;Chesterfield twinnings&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.chesterfield.gov.uk/Twinning-256.html|title=Chesterfield Twinning Links|accessdate=2013-07-27|work=Chesterfield Borough Council|archive-date=2013-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729165043/http://chesterfield.gov.uk/Twinning-256.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Graz]], Austria&lt;ref name=&quot;Graz&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.graz.at/cms/beitrag/10045157/606819/ |title=Twin Towns – Graz Online – English Version |publisher=www.graz.at |accessdate=5 January 2010 |archive-date=2009-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091108153010/http://www.graz.at/cms/beitrag/10045157/606819/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
||
*{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Gyönk]] ([[Tolna Coonty]]), Hungary
*{{flagicon|LVA}} [[Liepāja]], Latvie
*{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Logroño]], Spain
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Płock]], Poland
*{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Szeged]], Hungary {{small|''(syne 1990)''}}
||
*{{flagicon|NOR}} [[Trondheim]], Norawa &lt;small&gt;''(syne 1968)''&lt;ref name=&quot;Trondheim&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.trondheim.com/content.ap?thisId=93081934 |title=Trondheims offisielle nettsted – Vennskapsbyer |access-date=2015-01-26 |archive-date=2012-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120221223208/http://www.trondheim.com/content.ap?thisId=93081934 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/small&gt;
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Troyes]], Fraunce
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Uzhhorod]], Ukraine
*{{flagicon|SUI}} [[Saanen]], Swisserland
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Freiberg, Saxony|Freiberg]], Germany
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Darmstadt| ]]
[[Category:Caipitals o umwhile naitions]]
[[Category:Merck]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Finistère</title>
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      <id>900177</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-11-15T15:49:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rich Farmbrough</username>
        <id>359</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Months tae Scots.</comment>
      <origin>900177</origin>
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      <text bytes="4061" sha1="4c1v6v1laz27j6vxk6esah7jj12fdct" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox department
&lt;!-- See Template:Infobox department for additional fields and descriptions --&gt;
| name                    = Finistère
| native_name             =
| native_name_lang        = fr&lt;!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. &quot;fr&quot; for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --&gt;
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Quimper 31 La Préfecture et l'Odet.jpg
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Finistère depairtment, in Quimper
| image_flag              =
| flag_alt                =
| image_shield            = Blason29.svg
| shield_alt              =
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
| image_map               = Finistère-Position.svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location o Finistère in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             =
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| coordinates             = {{coord|48|15|N|04|00|W|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Brittany (admeenistrative region)|Brittany]]
| established_title       =
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Quimper, Finistère|Quimper]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Brest, Fraunce|Brest]]&lt;br&gt;[[Châteaulin]]&lt;br&gt;[[Morlaix]]
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            = [[Socialist Pairty (Fraunce)|PS]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Pierre Maille]]
| unit_pref               = Metric&lt;!-- or US or UK --&gt;
| area_magnitude          =
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6733
| area_note               =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| population_footnotes    = &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/tableau.asp?reg_id=2&amp;ref_id=POPOP015 INSEE Finistere 2012.] Retrieved 10 Aprile 2009.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_total        = 901293
| population_as_of        = 2012
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|24t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      =
| population_note         =
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 29
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Finistère depairtment|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Finistère depairtment|27]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Finistère depairtment|283]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          =
| area_code               =
| iso_code                =
| website                 =
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Laund Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
}}
'''Finistère''' ({{IPA-fr|fi.nis.tɛʁ}}; {{lang-br|Penn-ar-Bed}} {{IPA-br|ˌpɛnarˈbeːt}}) is a [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] o [[Fraunce]] in the extreme wast o [[Brittany]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Departments of France}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Finistere}}
[[Category:Finistère| ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Normandy</title>
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    <id>134840</id>
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        <username>Rich Farmbrough</username>
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      <comment>Copyedit.</comment>
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      <text bytes="6344" sha1="49j2mcw6bem7sk5mnpuqg1fdakfc6of" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
&lt;!--See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields that may be available--&gt;
&lt;!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--&gt;
&lt;!-- Basic info ----------------&gt;| name                            = Normandy &lt;!-- at least one of the first two fields must be filled in --&gt;
| official_name                   =
| other_name                      =
| native_name                     = ''Normaundie'' &lt;!-- if different from the English name --&gt;
| nickname                        =
| settlement_type                 = Heestorical province
| total_type                      = &lt;!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows --&gt;
| motto                           = « Diex Aïe ! »
| anthem                          = &lt;!-- images and maps -----------&gt;
| image_skyline                   =
| imagesize                       =
| image_caption                   =
| image_flag                      = Flag of Normandie.svg
| flag_size                       =
| image_seal                      =
| seal_size                       =
| image_shield                    = Blason region fr Normandie.svg
| shield_size                     = 75px
| image_blank_emblem              =
| blank_emblem_type               =
| blank_emblem_size               =
| image_map                       = Normandía.PNG
| mapsize                         =
| map_caption                     =
| image_map1                      =
| mapsize1                        =
| map_caption1                    =
| image_dot_map                   =
| dot_mapsize                     =
| dot_map_caption                 =
| dot_x                           =
| dot_y                           =
| pushpin_map                     = &lt;!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --&gt;
| pushpin_label_position          = &lt;!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --&gt;
| pushpin_map_caption             =
| pushpin_mapsize                 = &lt;!-- Location ------------------&gt;
| subdivision_type                = Kintra
| subdivision_name                = {{flagu|Fraunce}} {{flagu|Jersey}} {{flagu|Guernsey}}
| subdivision_type1               =
| subdivision_name1               =
| subdivision_type2               =
| subdivision_name2               = &lt;!-- Smaller parts (e.g. boroughs of a city) and seat of government --&gt;
| seat_type                       =
| seat                            =
| parts_type                      = Lairgest settlements
| parts_style                     = &lt;!-- =list (for list), coll (for collapsed list), para (for paragraph format)
 Default is list if up to 5 items, coll if more than 5--&gt;
| parts                           = &lt;!-- parts text, or header for parts list --&gt;
| p1                              = [[Rouen]]
| p2                              = [[Caen]]
| p3                              = [[Le Havre]]
| p4                              = [[Cherbourg]]
| p5                              =
| p6                              =
| p7                              =
| p8                              =
| p9                              =
| p10                             = &lt;!-- etc. up to p40: for separate parts to be listed--&gt;
&lt;!-- Politics -----------------&gt;| government_footnotes            =
| government_type                 =
| leader_title                    =
| leader_name                     = &lt;!--add (no-break space) to leader names to disable automatic links--&gt;
| leader_title1                   =
| leader_name1                    =
| established_title               = &lt;!-- Settled --&gt;
| established_date                = &lt;!-- Area ---------------------&gt;
| area_magnitude                  =
| unit_pref                       = &lt;!--Enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric--&gt;
| area_footnotes                  =
| area_total_km2                  = 30100 &lt;!-- ALL fields with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--&gt;
| area_land_km2                   = &lt;!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on unit conversion--&gt;
| area_water_km2                  =
| area_total_sq_mi                =
| area_land_sq_mi                 =
| area_water_sq_mi                =
| area_water_percent              = &lt;!-- Elevation --------------------------&gt;
| elevation_footnotes             = &lt;!--for references: use&lt;ref&gt;tags--&gt;
| elevation_m                     =
| elevation_ft                    =
| elevation_max_m                 =
| elevation_max_ft                =
| elevation_min_m                 =
| elevation_min_ft                = &lt;!-- Population -----------------------&gt;
| population_as_of                = 2005
| population_footnotes            =
| population_note                 =
| population_total                = 3,450,388
| population_density_km2          = &lt;!--For automatic calculation, any density field may contain: auto --&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi        =
| population_demonym              = [[Normans|Normands]]
&lt;!-- General information ---------------&gt;| timezone                        = CET
| utc_offset                      = +1
| timezone_DST                    = CEST
| utc_offset_DST                  = +2
| coor_type                       = &lt;!-- can be used to specify what the coordinates refer to --&gt;
| postal_code_type                = &lt;!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --&gt;
| postal_code                     =
| area_code                       =
| website                         =
| footnotes                       =
}}
'''Normandy''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|ɔr|m|ə|n|d|i}}; {{lang-fr|Normandie}}, pronoonced {{IPA-fr|nɔʁ.mɑ̃.di|}}, [[Norman leid|Norman]]: ''Normaundie'', frae [[Auld French]] ''Normanz'', plural o ''Normant'', oreeginally frae the wird for &quot;northman&quot; in several Scandinavian leids)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | title = Norman
 | publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary
 | url = http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Norman
 | accessdate =Aprile 2010
}}&lt;/ref&gt; is a geografical region o [[Fraunce]] correspondin tae the former [[Duchy o Normandy]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Regions o Fraunce}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Normandy| ]]
[[Category:Dividit regions]]
[[Category:Regions o Fraunce]]
[[Category:States an territories established in 911]]
[[Category:Umwhile provinces o Fraunce]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Blade Runner</title>
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      <text bytes="3572" sha1="8uzytvg0wzu838w9a0uag2i8rxgrtkm" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox film
| name           = Blade Runner
| image          = Blade Runner poster.jpg
| caption        = [[Movie poster|Theatrical release poster]] by [[John Alvin]]
| director       = [[Ridley Scott]]
| producer       = [[Michael Deeley]]&lt;br&gt;[[Run Run Shaw]]
| screenplay     = {{Plain list|
* [[Hampton Fancher]]
* [[David Peoples]]
}}
| based on       = {{Based on|''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]''|[[Philip K. Dick]]}}
| starring       = {{Plain list|
* [[Harrison Ford]]
* [[Rutger Hauer]]
* [[Sean Young]]
* [[Edward James Olmos]]
}}&lt;!--As per poster. Do not add any more names--&gt;
| music          = [[Vangelis]]
| cinematography = [[Jordan Cronenweth]]
| editing        = {{Plain list|
* [[Terry Rawlings]]
* Marsha Nakashima
}}
| studio         = [[The Ladd Company]]&lt;br&gt;[[Shaw Brothers Studio|Shaw Brothers]]&lt;br&gt;Blade Runner Partnership
| distributor    = [[Warner Bros.]]
| released       = {{Film date|1982|06|25}}
| runtime        = 116 minutes
| country        = Unitit States&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&amp;Movie=68260|publisher=[[American Film Institute]]|title=Blade Runner|accessdate=December 3, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/whats-on/bfi-film-releases/blade-runner-final-cut|publisher=[[British Film Institute]]|title=Blade Runner|accessdate=December 3, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hong Kong
| language       = Inglis
| budget         = $28 million&lt;ref name=&quot;Numbers&quot;&gt;{{citation |last= |first= |title=Blade Runner – Box Office Data, DVD and Blu-ray Sales, Movie News, Cast and Crew Information |url=http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Blade-Runner#tab=summary |publisher=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]] |date= |accessdate=December 11, 2014 |archive-date=2014-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216005414/http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Blade-Runner#tab=summary |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| gross          = $33.8 million&lt;ref name=&quot;Mojo&quot;&gt;{{citation|last= |first= |title=Blade Runner: The Final Cut (2007) |url=http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=bladerunner07.htm |publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]] |date= |accessdate=April 12, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''''Blade Runner''''' is a 1982 American-Hong Kong [[neo-noir]] [[science feection film]] directit bi [[Ridley Scott]], an starnin [[Harrison Ford]], [[Rutger Hauer]], [[Sean Young]], an [[Edward James Olmos]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Blade Runner| ]]
[[Category:1982 films]]
[[Category:1980s science feection films]]
[[Category:American films]]
[[Category:American science feection films]]
[[Category:Hong Kong films]]
[[Category:Hong Kong science feection films]]
[[Category:Inglis-leid films]]
[[Category:Android films]]
[[Category:BAFTA winners (films)]]
[[Category:Cyberpunk films]]
[[Category:Detective films]]
[[Category:Dystopian films]]
[[Category:Existentialist works]]
[[Category:Films aboot altered memories]]
[[Category:Flyin caurs in fiction]]
[[Category:Neo-noir]]
[[Category:Postmodren films]]
[[Category:Warner Bros. films]]
[[Category:Film scores bi Vangelis]]
[[Category:Films based on warks bi Philip K. Dick]]
[[Category:Films directit bi Ridley Scott]]
[[Category:Films set in 2019]]
[[Category:Films set in Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Climate chynge films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Ingland]]
[[Category:Films shot in Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Hugo Awaird for Best Dramatic Presentation winnin warks]]
[[Category:Screenplays bi David Peoples]]
[[Category:Unitit States Naitional Film Registry films]]
[[Category:Biopunk films]]
[[Category:Biorobots in feection]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Helen Mirren</title>
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      <text bytes="6358" sha1="ixbljyjwq8j72d7ri7tumhwj1dp1gd9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[Dame]]
| name             = Helen Mirren
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|DBE}}
| image            = Helen Mirren 2014.jpg
|birth_date= {{Birth date and age|1945|07|26|df=yes}}
|birth_place= [[Chiswick]], [[Middlesex]], Ingland
|nationality= Breetish
|occupation= Actress
|spouse= [[Taylor Hackford]] (1997-present)
|years_active= 1966-present
}}
'''Dame Helen Lydia Mirren''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|DBE}} ({{nee|'''Mironoff'''}}; born 26 Julie 1945)&lt;ref name=&quot;biography.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url =http://www.biography.com/people/helen-mirren-547434  | title= Helen Mirren Biography: Actress (1945–)| publisher= [[Biography.com]] ([[FYI (TV network)|FYI]] / [[A&amp;E Networks]]) | accessdate= 15 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; is an Inglis actress. Mirren begoud her actin career wi the [[Royal Shakespeare Company]] in 1967, an is ane o the few performers that hae achieved the [[Treeple Croun o Actin]]. She wan the [[Academy Awaird for Best Actress]] in 2007 for her performance as [[Queen Elizabeth II]] in ''[[The Queen (2006 film)|The Queen]]'' an received the [[Olivier Awaird]] for Best Actress an [[Tony Awaird for Best Actress in a Play]] for the same role in ''[[The Audience (2013 play)|The Audience]]''.

Mirren's ither Academy Awaird nominations include ''[[The Madness of King George]]'' (1994), ''[[Gosford Park]]'' (2001) an ''[[The Last Station]]'' (2009). For her role as polis detective Jane Tennison on the Breetish telly series ''[[Prime Suspect]]'', that ran frae 1991 tae 2006, she wan [[Breetish Academy Televeesion Awaird for Best Actress#1990s|three consecutive BAFTA Awairds for Best Actress]] atween 1992 an 1994 an twa [[Emmy Awairds]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite|url=https://www.emmys.com/bios/helen-mirren |title=Helen Mirren |publisher=[[Emmy Award]] |accessdate=2018-03-11}}&lt;/ref&gt; She an aw received anither Emmy Awaird an a [[Gowden Globe Awaird for Best Actress – Miniseries or Televeesion Film|Gowden Globe Award]] for her performance in the miniseries [[Elizabeth I (2005 miniseries)|''Elizabeth I'']] (2005).

Some o her ither notable film roles include Marcella in the 1984 film ''[[Cal (1984 film)|Cal]]'', for that she wan the [[Cannes Film Festival Awaird for Best Actress]], ''[[2010 (film)|2010]]'' (1984), ''[[The Cook, the Thief, His Wife &amp; Her Lover]]'' (1989), ''[[Teaching Mrs. Tingle]]'' (1999), ''[[Calendar Girls]]'' (2003), ''[[Hitchcock (film)|Hitchcock]]'' (2012), ''[[The Hundred-Foot Journey (film)|The Hundred-Foot Journey]]'' (2014), ''[[Woman in Gold (film)|Woman in Gold]]'' (2015), ''[[Trumbo (2015 film)|Trumbo]]'' (2015), an ''[[The Leisure Seeker]]'' (2017). She played Victoria Winslow in the action-comedy films ''[[Red (2010 film)|Red]]'' (2010) an ''[[Red 2 (film)|Red 2]]'' (2013).

In 2003, she wis appyntit a [[Order o the Breetish Empire|Dame Commander o the Order o the Breetish Empire]] (DBE) for services tae drama.&lt;ref&gt;{{London Gazette|issue=56963|supp=y|page=7|date=14 June 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3294531.stm |title=Dame Helen centre stage at palace| publisher= [[BBC]]| date= 5 December 2003| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120725070213/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3294531.stm | archivedate= 25 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2013, Mirren wis awairdit a starn on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Walk of fame&quot;&gt;[http://news.sky.com/story/1033143/helen-mirren-gets-hollywood-walk-of-fame-star &quot;Helen Mirren Gets Hollywood Walk Of Fame Star&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116224406/http://news.sky.com/story/1033143/helen-mirren-gets-hollywood-walk-of-fame-star |date=2013-01-16 }}. Sky News. 4 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt; an in 2014, [[BAFTA]] annoonced that Mirren wad be the recipient o the [[Academy Fellaeship]].&lt;ref name=&quot;bafta.org&quot;&gt;{{cite news | title=Dame Helen Mirren&amp;nbsp;– BAFTA Fellow in 2014 | url=http://www.bafta.org/film/awards/helen-mirren-fellowship-2014,4076,BA.html | accessdate=26 January 2014 | work=BAFTA | date=26 January 2014 | archive-date=2014-10-25 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025132059/http://www.bafta.org/film/awards/helen-mirren-fellowship-2014,4076,BA.html | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mirren, Helen}}
[[Category:1945 births]]
[[Category:20t-century Inglis actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century Inglis actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses awairdit Breetish dameheids]]
[[Category:Actresses frae Essex]]
[[Category:Alumni o Middlesex Varsity]]
[[Category:Audiobeuk narrators]]
[[Category:BAFTA winners (fowk)]]
[[Category:Best Actress Academy Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Best Actress BAFTA Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Best Drama Actress Gowden Globe (film) winners]]
[[Category:Best Miniseries or Televeesion Movie Actress Gowden Globe winners]]
[[Category:Breetish naiturists]]
[[Category:Inglis Shakespearean actresses]]
[[Category:Dames Commander o the Order o the Breetish Empire]]
[[Category:Inglis atheists]]
[[Category:Inglis film actresses]]
[[Category:Inglis fowk o Roushie strynd]]
[[Category:Inglis radio actresses]]
[[Category:Inglis stage actresses]]
[[Category:Inglis televeesion actresses]]
[[Category:Inglis vyce actresses]]
[[Category:European Film Awaird for Best Actress winners]]
[[Category:Evening Standard Awaird for Best Actress winners]]
[[Category:Fellaes o the American Academy o Airts an Sciences]]
[[Category:Gowden Orange Honorary Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Laurence Olivier Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Livin fowk]]
[[Category:National Youth Theatre members]]
[[Category:Ootstaundin Performance bi a Cast in a Motion Pictur Screen Actors Guild Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Ootstaundin Performance bi a Female Actor in a Leadin Role Screen Actors Guild Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Ootstaundin Performance bi a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Televeesion Movie Screen Actors Guild Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Ootstaundin Performance bi a Female Actor in a Supportin Role Screen Actors Guild Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Ootstaundin Performance bi a Lead Actress in a Miniseries or Movie Primetime Emmy Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Fowk frae Hammersmith]]
[[Category:Fowk frae Westcliff-on-Sea]]
[[Category:Royal Shakespeare Company members]]
[[Category:Tony Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Volpi Cup winners]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abertay Varsity</title>
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      <text bytes="2575" sha1="obmxo9rblfuabobdvz7zkegtds28cc0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox university
|name         = Abertay Varsity
|image_name   = Abertay_University_Logo.svg
|image_size   = 200px
|latin_name   =
|motto        = 
|established  = 1994 - grantit [[Varsities in the Unitit Kinrick|Varsity Status]]&lt;br&gt; 1888 - Dundee Institute o Technology
|type         = [[public varsity|Public]]
|chancellor   = Rt. Hon. [[Laird Cullen o Whitekirk]]
|principal    = [[Nigel Seaton]] 
|head_label   = Chair o Coort
|head         = Eddie Frizzell
|city         = [[Dundee]]
|country      = Scotland
|coor         = {{coord|56|27|48|N|2|58|25|W|region:GB-DND_type:edu|display=inline,title}}
|academic_staff =  218 &lt;ref name=&quot;Accounts 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abertay.ac.uk/media/UAD%20Accounts%20310714_final%20signed.pdf |title=Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2014 |publisher=Abertay University |accessdate=14 February 2015 |archive-date=2016-03-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322104059/http://www.abertay.ac.uk/media/uad%20accounts%20310714_final%20signed.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|administrative_staff = 96 &lt;ref name=&quot;Accounts 2013&quot; /&gt;
| students       = {{HESA student population|INSTID=0095}} ({{HESA year}})&lt;ref name=&quot;HESA citation&quot;&gt;{{HESA citation}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| undergrad      = {{HESA undergraduate population|INSTID=0095}} ({{HESA year}})&lt;ref name=&quot;HESA citation&quot;/&gt;
| postgrad       = {{HESA postgraduate population|INSTID=0095}} ({{HESA year}})&lt;ref name=&quot;HESA citation&quot;/&gt;
|affiliations = [[Million+]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.millionplus.ac.uk/who-we-are/our-affiliates/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309030649/http://www.millionplus.ac.uk/who-we-are/our-affiliates |date=2016-03-09 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;[[GuildHE]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.guildhe.ac.uk/members/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;[[Universities Scotland]]&lt;ref&gt;http://www.universities-scotland.ac.uk/member-universities/&lt;/ref&gt;
|colours      = {{color box|#00539F}}{{color box|Red}}{{color box|Gold}}{{Color box|green}}&lt;br&gt;Blue, Red, Gold and Green
|website      = {{url|http://www.abertay.ac.uk}}
|logo         = Abertay University logo.png
}}
'''Abertay Varsity''', formally the '''Varsity o Abertay Dundee''' till 2014, is ane o twa [[Public varsity|public varsities]] in the ceety o [[Dundee]], [[Scotland]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abertay Dundee, Varsity O}}
[[Category:Eddicational institutions established in 1994]]
[[Category:Varsity o Abertay Dundee| ]]
[[Category:1888 establishments]]
[[Category:1994 establishments in Scotland]]
[[Category:Varsities established in the 1990s]]
[[Category:1880s establishments in Europe]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Gandhi (film)</title>
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      <text bytes="5322" sha1="bzk2wy35zto3zh1u57xo9uy991gncuq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox film
| name                 = Gandhi
| image                = Gandhi-poster.png
| caption              = Theatrical release poster
| director             = [[Richard Attenborough]]
| producer             = Richard Attenborough
| writer               = [[John Briley]]
| starring             = {{Plain list|
* [[Candice Bergen]]
* [[Edward Fox (actor)|Edward Fox]]
* [[John Gielgud]]
* [[Trevor Howard]]
* [[John Mills]]
* [[Martin Sheen]]
* [[Ben Kingsley]]
}}
| music                = {{Plainlist| 
*[[Ravi Shankar]]
*[[George Fenton]]}}
| cinematography       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Billy Williams (cinematografer)|Billy Williams]]
* [[Ronnie Taylor]]}}
| editing              = [[John Bloom (film eeditor)|John Bloom]]
| production companies = {{Plainlist|
* [[Goldcrest Films]]
* International Film Investors
* [[National Film Development Corporation of India]]
* Indo-British Films
}}
| distributor          = [[Columbia Pictures]]
| released             = {{Film date|df=yes|1982|11|30|[[New Delhi]]|1982|12|3|Unitit Kinrick|1982|12|10|Unitit States}}
| runtime              = 191 minutes&lt;!--Theatrical runtime: 191:14--&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://bbfc.co.uk/releases/gandhi-1970-5 |title=Gandhi |publisher=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |accessdate=9 January 2015 |archive-date=2019-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107050332/http://bbfc.co.uk/releases/gandhi-1970-5 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| language             = Inglis
| country              = {{Plain list|
* Unitit Kinrick&lt;ref name=&quot;BFI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Gandhi (1982) |url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6958918e |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |accessdate=22 July 2014 |archive-date=2014-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140816122813/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6958918e |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Indie&lt;ref name=&quot;BFI&quot;/&gt;
}}
| budget               = $22 million&lt;ref name=&quot;Numbers&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Gandhi (1982) - Box Office Data, DVD and Blu-ray Sales, Movie News, Cast and Crew Information |url=http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Gandhi#tab=summary |publisher=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]] |accessdate=27 January 2015 |archive-date=2019-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107050326/https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Gandhi#tab=summary |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| gross                = $127.8 million&lt;ref name=&quot;Numbers&quot;/&gt;
}}
'''''Gandhi''''' is a 1982 [[Epic film|epic]] [[biografical film]] which dramatises the life o [[Mahatma Gandhi|Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]], the leader o Indie's [[Nonviolent resistance|non-violent]], [[Non-cooperation muivement|non-cooperative]] [[Indian unthirldom muivement|unthirldom muivement]] against the Unitit Kinrick's [[Breetish Raj|rule o the kintra]] during the 20t century.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gandhi}}
[[Category:Films aboot Mahatma Gandhi]]
[[Category:Films set in the Indian unthirldom muivement]]
[[Category:1982 films]]
[[Category:1980s biographical films]]
[[Category:1980s drama films]]
[[Category:Breetish films]]
[[Category:Breetish biografical films]]
[[Category:Breetish drama films]]
[[Category:Breetish epic films]]
[[Category:Breetish historical films]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Breetish Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian biographical films]]
[[Category:Inglis-leid films]]
[[Category:1980s Hindi-leid films]]
[[Category:Inglis-leid Indian films]]
[[Category:Films directit bi Richard Attenborough]]
[[Category:Apartheid films]]
[[Category:Best Foreign Leid Film Gowden Globe winners]]
[[Category:Best Pictur Academy Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Indian epic films]]
[[Category:Films featurin a Best Actor Academy Awaird-winnin performance]]
[[Category:Films featurin a Best Drama Actor Gowden Globe winnin performance]]
[[Category:Films set in Indie]]
[[Category:Films set in Sooth Africae]]
[[Category:Films set in Ingland]]
[[Category:Films set in the Breetish Empire]]
[[Category:Films set in the parteetion o Indie]]
[[Category:Films set in the 1890s]]
[[Category:Films set in the 1900s]]
[[Category:Films set in the 1910s]]
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[[Category:Films set in the 1930s]]
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[[Category:Films that's director wan the Best Directin Academy Awaird]]
[[Category:Films that's director wan the Best Director Gowden Globe]]
[[Category:Films that's eeditor wan the Best Film Eeditin Academy Awaird]]
[[Category:Films that's writer wan the Best Oreeginal Screenplay Academy Awaird]]
[[Category:Film scores bi George Fenton]]
[[Category:Films that wan the Best Costume Design Academy Awaird]]
[[Category:Goldcrest Films films]]
[[Category:Columbia Pictures films]]
[[Category:Best Film BAFTA Awaird winners]]
[[Category:Films that's director wan the Best Direction BAFTA Awaird]]
[[Category:Film scores bi Ravi Shankar]]
[[Category:Films shot in Indie]]
[[Category:Films produced bi Richard Attenborough]]
[[Category:Epic films based on actual events]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Aliens (film)</title>
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      <text bytes="4328" sha1="3scfu6dfkco9z09hmxfyybm1l5vwk6p" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox film
| name           = Aliens
| image          = Aliens poster.jpg
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| director       = [[James Cameron]]
| producer       = [[Gale Anne Hurd]]
| story          = {{Plain list|
* James Cameron
* [[David Giler]]
* [[Walter Hill (director)|Walter Hill]]
}}
| screenplay     = James Cameron
| based on       = {{Based on|Chairacters creatit|[[Dan O'Bannon]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Ronald Shusett]]}}
| starring       = {{plainlist|
* [[Sigourney Weaver]]&lt;!-- Per billing block --&gt;
}}
| music          = [[James Horner]]
| cinematography = [[Adrian Biddle]]
| editing        = [[Ray Lovejoy]]
| production companies = {{plainlist|
*[[Brandywine Productions]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Aliens|journal=[[Monthly Film Bulletin]]|volume=53|issue=624|date=1986|publisher=[[British Film Institute]]|pages=263–264|ISSN=0027-0407|last=Pym|first=John}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| distributor    = [[20th Century Fox]]
| released       = {{Film date|1986|07|18}}
| runtime        = 137 minutes&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/aliens-1970-7|publisher=[[British Board of Film Classification]]|title=Aliens|accessdate=December 15, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| country        = Unitit States&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&amp;Movie=68347|publisher=[[American Film Institute]]|title=Aliens|accessdate=October 23, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://lumiere.obs.coe.int/web/film_info/?id=9506|publisher=Lumiere Database|title=Aliens|accessdate=October 23, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- Do not add United Kingdom. Per Template:Infobox film, the parameter is for &quot;the home country or countries of the film's main production companies.&quot; Both 20th Century Fox and Brandywine Productions are American companies. It does not matter where the film was shot or the nationality of the actors or directors. --&gt; 
| language       = Inglis
| budget         = $17–18 million&lt;ref name=&quot;numbers&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Aliens#tab=summary|publisher=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]]|title=Aliens - Box Office Data, DVD and Blu-ray Sales, Movie News, Cast and Crew Information|accessdate=December 15, 2014|archive-date=2014-12-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202195340/http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Aliens#tab=summary|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Kjolseth |first=Pablo |title=Aliens |publisher=[[Turner Classic Movies]] |url=http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/87922%7c0/Aliens.html |accessdate=December 24, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| gross          = $131.1–183.3 million&lt;ref name=&quot;numbers&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;box office mojo&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Aliens (1986) |publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]] |url=http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=aliens.htm |accessdate=December 15, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''''Aliens''''' is a 1986 American [[Science feection film|science feection]] [[action film]] written an directit bi [[James Cameron]], produced bi [[Gale Anne Hurd]], an starnin [[Sigourney Weaver]], Carrie Henn, [[Michael Biehn]], [[Paul Reiser]], [[Lance Henriksen]], [[William Hope (actor)|William Hope]], an [[Bill Paxton]]. It is the sequel tae the 1979 film ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' an the seicont installment in the [[Alien (franchise)|''Alien'' franchise]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aliens (Film)}}
[[Category:20th Century Fox films]]
[[Category:1980s action films]]
[[Category:Action horror films]]
[[Category:Alien (franchise) films]]
[[Category:American films]]
[[Category:American science feection action films]]
[[Category:American science feection thriller films]]
[[Category:American sequel films]]
[[Category:Android (robot) films]]
[[Category:Inglis-leid films]]
[[Category:Feminist films]]
[[Category:Film scores bi James Horner]]
[[Category:Films directit bi James Cameron]]
[[Category:Films produced bi Gale Anne Hurd]]
[[Category:Films set in the futur]]
[[Category:Films shot in Ingland]]
[[Category:Films that wan the Best Soond Eeditin Academy Awaird]]
[[Category:Films that wan the Best Veesual Effects Academy Awaird]]
[[Category:Horror adventur films]]
[[Category:Hugo Awaird for Best Dramatic Presentation winnin warks]]
[[Category:Militar science feection films]]
[[Category:Monster movies]]
[[Category:Films shot at Pinewood Studios]]
[[Category:Screenplays bi James Cameron]]
[[Category:Siege films]]</text>
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    <title>Stanley Cursiter</title>
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      <text bytes="9922" sha1="rc9its35rc1nr984xqbv5pmizgvl691" xml:space="preserve">{{cleanup|reason=Sud be in Orkney byleid ideally}}
{{Infobox airtist
|name=Sir Stanley Cursiter
|image=
|caption=Sir Stanley Cursiter
|birth_name=
|birth_date=29 Aprile 1887
|birth_place=[[Kirkwaa]], Orkney, Scotland
|death_date=22 Aprile 1976 (aged 88)
|death_place=[[Stromness]], Orkney, Scotland
|nationality=Scottish
|field=Pentin, drawin, author
|training=[[Edinburgh College o Airt]]
|movement=[[Futurism]]
|works=
|spouse=Phyllis Hourston
|patrons=
|awards=}}
'''Stanley Cursiter''' CBE FRSE FRIAS FEIS RSA RSW (29 Aprile 1887 – 22 Aprile 1976) wis an Orcadian airtist that played an important role in introducin [[Post-Impressionism|Post-impressionism]] an Futurism tae Scotland. He sert as the keeper (1919–30), then director (1930–48), o the National Galleries o Scotland, an as HM Limner an Penter in Scotland (1948–76).&lt;ref name=&quot;Waterston&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Waterston |first1=Charles D |last2=Macmillan Shearer |first2=A |title=Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002: Biographical Index |url=http://www.rse.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |accessdate=30 December 2011 |volume=I |date=Julie 2006 |publisher=[[The Royal Society of Edinburgh]] |location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-0-902198-84-5 |archive-date=22 Aprile 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120422220934/http://www.rse.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Biography ==
He wis born on 29 Aprile 1887 at 15 East Road in [[Kirkwaa]], Orkney, the son o John Scott Cursiter an Mary Joan Thomson.&lt;ref name=&quot;nrs&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Stanley Cursiter (1887-1976)|url=https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/learning/hall-of-fame/hall-of-fame-a-z/cursiter-stanley|access-date=20 December 2020|website=National Records of Scotland|publisher=Scottish Government}}&lt;/ref&gt;

He wis eddicatit at Kirkwaa Grammar Schuil afore flittin tae [[Edinburgh]], whaur he studied at Edinburgh College o Airt.  His aerly penting wis influenced bi [[cubism]], futurism&lt;ref name=&quot;Nat&quot; /&gt; an vorticism. Frae a young age, he clearly haed access tae muckle wealth as he bidit at 28 Queen Street in 1910, ane o the maist prestigious addresses in Edinburgh, an nae affordable tae the average airt student.&lt;ref&gt;Edinburgh an Leith Post Office Directory, 1910–11&lt;/ref&gt;

Durin the [[Warld War I|First Warld War]] he sert as an officer in 1st Battalion, the Cameronians an sert in The Battle o the Somme, [[Amiens]] an Abbeville. The state in the trenches caused him tae develop bronchitis an asthma, an he wis sent tae the sooth o France tae recover. Efter recoverin, he returnt tae the Battalion's base, but wis again hospitalised an in danger o becomin 'unfit for service'. Housomiver he kept serrin bi transferrin tae the 4th Field Ordnance Survey Battalion&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=History of the 4th Field Survey Battalion Royal Engineers)|url=http://www.defencesurveyors.org.uk/Images/Historical/WWI/4th%20Field%20Survey%20Battalion.pdf|access-date=18 Januar 2016|archive-date=28 Januar 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128024221/http://www.defencesurveyors.org.uk/Images/Historical/WWI/4th%20Field%20Survey%20Battalion.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; at 4th Airmy Heidquarters an developed new an faster methods for processing aerial photographs. In particular, he devised a clever method o projeckin the photographic negative taen frae a spotter plane that remakit the tilt present whan the photograph wis taen – the technique o single photo-optical rectification.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Stanley Cursiter's contribution|url=http://www.charlesclosesociety.org/files/Issue93page10.pdf|access-date=3 Mairch 2015|archive-date=9 Mey 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509130836/https://www.charlesclosesociety.org/files/Issue93page10.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; This sped up the process o rapid fixin o enemy gun emplacements. Durin the War, he learnt tae uise radio anaa (becomin President o the Edinburgh Radio Society).&lt;ref&gt;A Chasm in Time – Scottish War Art and Artists in the Twentieth Century, by Patricia R. Andrew, Birlinn Ltd., 2014. {{ISBN|978-1780271903}}&lt;/ref&gt; He wis Mentioned in Dispatches twice an received a military OBE. Durin the [[Warld War II|Seicont Warld War]] he haed thrift at the Ordnance Survey Department in Southampton (1939–40) afore muivin tae the same organisation in Edinburgh (1940–1945). He wis gien a military CBE in 1948.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 December 2020 |archive-date=24 Januar 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124115814/http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Efter the First Warld War he adoptit a mair realist style. He travellt tae France efter the war afore settlin in [[Edinburgh]] in 1920.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Chilvers |first1=Ian |last2=Glaves-Smith |first2=John |title=A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199239658 |page=170 |edition=Second}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cursiter becam an Associate o the Royal Scottish Academy in 1927, a fu Academician in 1937 an sert as Secretar tae the Academy frae 1953 tae 1955.  He wis the first Secretar o the Royal Fine Art Commission for Scotland an wis appyntit Keeper o the National Galleries of Scotland in 1930, a post he held until 1948.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Cursiter painting sells for £22,500 at London auction |url=https://www.orcadian.co.uk/cursiter-painting-sells-22500-london-auction/ |access-date=21 December 2020 |work=The Orcadian |publisher=Orkney Media Group Ltd |date=22 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; That same year, he wis grantit the Freedom o Kirkwaa an wis appyntit as the King's (later to be Queen's) Penter an Limner for Scotland, a poseition he held until his daith.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Cursiter paintings snapped up at Edinburgh auction |url=https://www.orcadian.co.uk/cursiter-paintings-snapped-up-at-edinburgh-auction/ |access-date=21 December 2020 |work=The Orcadian |publisher=Orkney Media Group Ltd |date=17 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

He pented watercolour landscapes o [[East Lowden|East Lothian]], Orkney an [[Shetland]], an designed Saint Rognvald Chapel in [[St Magnus Cathedral]] in Kirkwaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=St Magnus Cathedral |url=http://sites.scran.ac.uk/stmagnus/SMC020.htm |website=sites.scran.ac.uk |access-date=28 Februar 2021 |archive-date=4 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804052541/http://sites.scran.ac.uk/stmagnus/SMC020.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Stanley Cursiter |url=https://www.royalscottishacademy.org/members/stanley-cursiter/ |website=www.royalscottishacademy.org |access-date=28 Februar 2021 |date=17 September 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=Mey 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; He is kenspeckle for his portraits an is conseidert as being amang the finest Scots portraitists o the 20th Yearhunner.  He pentit 'Her Majesty The Queen receiving the Honours of Scotland' in the High Kirk o St Giles in 1953; this pentin hangs on the Great Stair, Palace o Halyruidhoose, Edinburgh.

[[Varsity o Aiberdeen|Aberdeen University]] awairdit him an honorary doctorate (LLD) in 1959. He wis electit a Fellow o the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1938, a rare honour for an airtist. His proponers wis James Pickering Kendall, Leonard Dobbin, James Watt, an Sir Ernest Wedderburn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 December 2020 |archive-date=24 Januar 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124115814/http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cursiter haed a muckle pairt in the campaign tae create a Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nat&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Mansfield |first1=Susan |title=How Edinburgh artists of the 1930s shook up the establishment |url=https://www.thenational.scot/news/16064099.edinburgh-artists-1930s-shook-establishment/ |access-date=21 December 2020 |work=The National |agency=Newsquest Media Group |publisher=Herald and Times Group |date=5 Mairch 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

He deit in [[Strumnis|Stromness]] on 22 Aprilee 1976.&lt;ref name=&quot;nrs&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Memorial_to_George_Mackay_Brown,_Edwin_Muir_and_Stanley_Cursiter_in_Kirkwall_Cathedral,_Orkney.jpg|thumb|Memorial tae Stanley Cursiter in Kirkwaa Cathedral, Orkney]]

== Faimily ==
He mairrit Phylliss Hourston on 14 October 1916.&lt;ref name=&quot;nrs&quot; /&gt;

His aulder sister Jessie Cursiter (1881-1916) is buirit in Dean Cemetery in Edinburgh.

== Selectit warks ==

* ''Rain on Princes Street'', 1913
* ''The Regatta'', 1913
* ''Villefranche'',circa 1920
* ''The Fair Isle Jumper'', 1923
* ''Geo at Yesnaby and Brough of Bigging, 1929''
* ''Window – Burnstane House'', circa 1935
* ''The Old Store, Stromness'', 1950
* ''The Honours of Scotland'', 1954
* ''Landscape in the Orkneys'', 1954

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Fremmit airtins ==

* {{Art UK bio}}
* [http://www.scottish-places.info/people/famousfirst2780.html Biography on the Gazetteer for Scotland]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060828013804/http://www.scottish-gallery.co.uk/pages/artistIntro.aspx?artistID=32&amp;categoryID=1 Some examples of Cursiter's work in his Modernist style]

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Scots wattercolourists]]
[[Category:Scots curators]]
[[Category:Fellaes o the Ryal Society o Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Ryal Scots Academicians]]
[[Category:Commanders o the Order o the Breetish Empire]]
[[Category:Scots portrait penters]]
[[Category:Scots male penters]]
[[Category:20t-century Scots penters]]
[[Category:Alumni o the Edinburgh College of Art]]
[[Category:Fowk frae Kirkwaa]]
[[Category:1976 daiths]]
[[Category:1887 births]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Crosskeys</title>
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      <text bytes="3396" sha1="k9vbv6xnhagymlmwyh92evxxnpzzvcf" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox UK place|official_name=Crosskeys|welsh_name=Pont-y-cymer|static_image_name=Crosskeys, Pontywaun and Ebbw Valley - geograph.org.uk - 73739.jpg|coordinates={{coord|51.6169|-3.1207|display=inline,title}}|country=Wales|unitary_wales=[[Caerphilly (county borough)|Caerphilly]]|population=3,265|population_ref=(2011))&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&amp;b=11122484&amp;c=NP11+7DU&amp;d=16&amp;e=62&amp;g=6495645&amp;i=1001x1003x1032x1004&amp;m=0&amp;r=0&amp;s=1446739823257&amp;enc=1|title=Ward/community population 2011|accessdate=5 November 2015|archive-date=2017-04-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427075855/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&amp;b=11122484&amp;c=NP11+7DU&amp;d=16&amp;e=62&amp;g=6495645&amp;i=1001x1003x1032x1004&amp;m=0&amp;r=0&amp;s=1446739823257&amp;enc=1|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;|os_grid_reference=ST225915|lieutenancy_wales=[[Gwent (county)|Gwent]]|post_town=NEWPORT|postcode_area=NP|postcode_district=NP11|dial_code=01495 27|constituency_westminster=[[Caerphilly (UK Parliament constituency)|Caerphilly]]|constituency_welsh_assembly=[[Caerphilly (National Assembly for Wales constituency)|Caerphilly]]}}'''Crosskeys''' ({{Lang-cy|Pont-y-cymer}}) is a veellage, [[Community (Wales)|community]] an an [[Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom|electoral ward]] in [[Caerphilly Coonty Burgh|Caerphilly county Burgh]] in [[Wales]].

== Location ==
Crosskeys is seeven mile northwast o [[Newport]], juist past [[Risca]] aff the A467 road. Locatit naur tae the confluence o the [[Ebbw River]] an the [[Sirhowy River]], it wis originally cawed '''Pont-y-cymer'''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.caerphilly.gov.uk/loopsandlinks/pdf/crosskeys.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-05-24 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923195742/http://www.caerphilly.gov.uk/loopsandlinks/pdf/crosskeys.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The name 'Crosskeys' is taen frae the name o the local hotel,&lt;ref&gt;''The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales'' page 178, John Davies, Nigel Jenkins, Menna Baines and Peredur Lynch (2008) {{ISBN|978-0-7083-1953-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; awtho there is some variation in spelling wi the train station an Ordinance survey maps uisin ''Crosskeys'' but the local rugby club an ither local organisations uisin ''Cross Keys''.

== History ==
Crosskeys is a [[South Wales Valleys]] community, in the [[Historic counties of Wales|historic boundaries]] o [[Monmouthshire (historic)|Monmouthshire]], ance pairt o the [[coal mining]] community o the [[South Wales coalfield]] an originally developed as pairt o [[Risca]] frae the 1830s tae serve the local mines - first the Black Vein an later the New Risca pits, baith o whit haed [[Risca colliery disasters|lairge explosions]] durin the later pairt o the 19t century.

The original Crosskeys station haed twa platforms an a set o steps in-atween them as the ane wis considerably higher than the ither.  This wis due tae the [[Ebbw Valley Railway|ane line]] running tae Ebbw Vale&lt;ref name=&quot;Cite web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt; an [[Sirhowy Railway|the ither]] tae [[Blackwood, Caerphilly|Blackwood]] an [[Oakdale, Caerphilly|Oakdale]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Cite web&quot;/&gt;

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060424045316/http://www.crosskeys.me.uk/ Crosskeys website] has many pictures o the airie.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>2020 Warld Snooker Championship</title>
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      <text bytes="128227" sha1="rtgpo3cqamijaj04ft77nkqjlimbz1r" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Professional snooker warld championship, July–Aug 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox individual snooker tournament
| tournament_name    = 2020 Betfred [[Warld Snooker Championship]]
| logo               = World Snooker Championship 2015 Logo.png
| dates              = 31 July – 16 August 2020
| venue              = [[Crucible Theatre]]
| location           = [[Sheffield]]
| country            = [[England]]
| organisation       = [[Warld Professional Billiards and Snooker Association]], [[Warld Snooker|Warld Snooker Tour]]
| format             = [[Snooker warld rankings|Ranking]] event
| Total prize fund   = £2,395,000
| winners_share      = £500,000
| defending_champion = 
| highest_brak      = {{flagathlete|[[John Higgins]]|SCO}} ([[maximum brak|147]])
| winner             = {{flagathlete|[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]]|ENG}}
| runner_up          = {{flagathlete|[[Kyren Wilson]]|ENG}}
| score              = 18–8
| previous           = [[2019 Warld Snooker Championship|2019]]
| next               = ''[[2021 Warld Snooker Championship|2021]]''
}}

The '''2020 Warld Snooker Championship''' (an aw referred tae as the '''2020 Betfred Warld Snooker Championship''' for the purposes of sponsorship) wis a professional [[snooker]] tournament that teuk place frae 31&amp;nbsp;Julie tae 16&amp;nbsp;August 2020 at the [[Crucible Theatre]] in [[Sheffield]], England. It wis the 44th consecutive year that the [[Warld Snooker Championship]] wis held at the Crucible, an it wis the final ranking event o the [[2019–20 snooker season]]. The tournament wis oreeginally scheduled tae tak place frae 18&amp;nbsp;Apryle tae 4&amp;nbsp;May 2020, but the qualifyin stage and televised roonds war postponed as a result o the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. The event wis ane o the first tae allou live audiences syne the outbrak o the pandemic, but on the first day it wis annoonced that the event wad be played [[behind closed doors (sport)|behind closed doors]] for subsequent days; houiver, a leemitit nummer of spectators war later allowed in for the final twa days o the championship.

The tournament wis organised bi the [[Warld Professional Billiards an Snooker Association]] an the [[Warld Snooker|Warld Snooker Tour]], and wis broadcast bi the [[BBC]], [[Eurosport]] and [[Matchroom Sport]]. The event haed a tot prize fund of £2,395,000, wi the winner receiving £500,000. Qualifyin for the tournament wis due tae be held atween 8&amp;nbsp;and 15&amp;nbsp;Apryle 2020 at the [[English Institute of Sport, Sheffield|English Institute of Sport]], Sheffield, but this wis an aw postponed. Qualifyin insteid teuk place frae 21&amp;nbsp;tae 28&amp;nbsp;Julie at the oreeginally planned venue. Thare war 128 participants in the qualifyin roonds, wi a mix of professional and invited amateur players; 16 players reached the main stage o the tournament whaur thay played the tap 16 players in the [[snooker warld rankings]]. The event wis sponsored bi sports betting company [[Betfred]].

[[Judd Trump]] wis the defendin champion, haein won his maiden warld title at the [[2019 Warld Snooker Championship|previous year's event]], defeatin [[John Higgins]] 18–9 in the final. He lost in the quarter-final stage tae [[Kyren Wilson]], acomin the 18t player tae faw tae the [[Crucible curse]]. [[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] won his saxt warld title, defeatin Wilson 18–8 in the final. This wis O'Sullivan's 37th ranking event win of his career, the heichest of ony player. Higgins made a [[maximum brak]] in the 12t frame of his seicont-roond loss tae [[Kurt Maflin]]. This wis Higgins' tenth career maximum brak and his first at the Warld Championship; aged 45, he became the auldest player tae mak a maximum in a professional competeetion.

==Background==
The Warld Snooker Championship features 32 professional players competin in ane-on-ane snooker matches in a [[Single-elimination tournament|single-elimination]] format, each match played ower several {{cuegloss|frames}}. The 32 players for the event are selected throu a mix o the [[snooker warld rankings]] and a pre-tournament qualification roond.&lt;ref name=&quot;format&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship Provisional Format of Play |url=http://www.worldsnooker.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Betfred-World-Championship-Draw-and-Format.pdf |website=warldsnooker.com |publisher=Warld Professional Billiards and Snooker Association |accessdate=7 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107072435/http://www.worldsnooker.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Betfred-World-Championship-Draw-and-Format.pdf |archive-date=7 January 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The first Warld Snooker Championship in [[1927 Warld Snooker Championship|1927]], held at [[Camkin's Hall]] in Birmingham, England, wis won bi [[Joe Davis]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Turner |first=Chris |title=Warld Professional Championship |url=http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/world.html |work=cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk |publisher=Chris Turner's Snooker Archive |accessdate=9 February 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724180133/http://www.cajt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/world.html |archivedate=24 July 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=1927 World Professional Championship |url=http://www.globalsnookercentre.co.uk/files/Results/27world.htm |work=globalsnookercentre.co.uk |publisher=Global Snooker Centre |accessdate=29 February 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041010103752/http://www.globalsnookercentre.co.uk/files/Results/27world.htm |archivedate=10 October 2004 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041010103752/http://www.globalsnookercentre.co.uk/files/Results/27world.htm |date=2004-10-10 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Syne 1977, the event haes been held at the [[Crucible Theatre]] in Sheffield.&lt;ref&gt;{{National Heritage List for England |num=1392311 |desc=The Crucible Theatre |accessdate=3 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Stephen Hendry]] is the event's maist successfu participant in the modren era, haein won the championship seiven times.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Championship – Roll of Honour |url=http://www.global-snooker.com/professional-tournaments-archive-world-championship-roll-of-honour.asp |work=Global Snooker |accessdate=18 March 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222034318/http://www.global-snooker.com/professional-tournaments-archive-world-championship-roll-of-honour.asp |archivedate=22 February 2012 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222034318/http://www.global-snooker.com/professional-tournaments-archive-world-championship-roll-of-honour.asp |date=2012-02-22 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[2019 Warld Snooker Championship|previous year's championship]] wis won bi England's [[Judd Trump]], who defeatit Scotland's [[John Higgins]] in the final 18–9. The winner o the 2020 championship received [[pound sterling|£]]500,000, frae a tot prize fund of £2,395,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;Prize&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=2019–2020 Season Summary |work=warldsnooker.com |access-date=30 July 2019 |url=http://www.worldsnooker.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Click-here-for-the-full-prize-money-schedule-2.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719025727/http://www.worldsnooker.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Click-here-for-the-full-prize-money-schedule-2.pdf |archive-date=19 July 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Format ===
[[File:Sheffield Crucible theatre.png|right|thumb|alt=The Crucible Theatre frae ootside|The main draw o the tournament wis played at the [[Crucible Theatre]] in [[Sheffield]], England.]]
The 2020 Warld Snooker Championship wis scheduled tae tak place atween 18&amp;nbsp;Apryle and 4&amp;nbsp;May 2020 in [[Sheffield]], England, but wis postponed until Friday 31&amp;nbsp;Julie tae Sunday 16&amp;nbsp;August as a result o the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/51964887 |title=Coronavirus: Warld Snooker Championship at Crucible postponed |date=20 March 2020 |access-date=20 March 2020 |work=BBC Sport |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324013121/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/51964887 |archive-date=24 March 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship rescheduled to start on 31 July |first=Shamoon |last=Hafez |work=BBC Sport |date=22 April 2020 |access-date=22 April 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/52313778 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422132258/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/52313778 |archive-date=22 April 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The event features a 32-player main draw tae be contested at the Crucible Theatre as well as a 128-player qualifyin draw played at the [[English Institute of Sport]]; qualifyin wis oreeginally due tae tak place frae 8&amp;nbsp;tae 15&amp;nbsp;Apryle but wis an aw delayed, eventually takkin place frae 21&amp;nbsp;tae 28&amp;nbsp;Julie 2020 and finishing three days prior tae the stairt o the main draw.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Snooker Championship 2020 – Sheffield |work=Snooker Trips |date=23 April 2019 |access-date=3 May 2019 |url=https://snookertrips.com/world-snooker-championship-2020-sheffield/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=EIS Sheffield To Host The Qualifyin Rounds For The Betfred Warld Championship |work=Warld Snooker Tour |date=16 June 2020 |access-date=16 June 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/eis-sheffield-to-host-the-qualifying-rounds-for-the-betfred-world-championship/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616160009/https://wst.tv/eis-sheffield-to-host-the-qualifying-rounds-for-the-betfred-world-championship/ |archive-date=16 June 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In May 2019, Warld Snooker Tour chairman [[Barry Hearn]] annoonced the event's qualifyin format wad be changed frae the previous year, wi seeding gien tae players wi a higher ranking, an played ower fower roonds insteid of three.&lt;ref name=&quot;euro_Hear&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Hearn announces Warld Championship qualifyin changes, 147 bonus and new tour card for White |work=Eurosport UK |date=1 May 2019 |access-date=3 May 2019 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championships/2019/hearn-announces-world-championship-qualifying-changes-147-bonus-and-new-tour-card-for-white_sto7252755/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; The tournament is the last of 17 ranking events in the 2019–20 season on the [[Warld Snooker Tour]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=2020 Betfred World Snooker Championship |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=3 May 2019 |url=http://www.worldsnooker.com/tickets/2020-betfred-world-snooker-championship/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190429144648/http://www.worldsnooker.com/tickets/2020-betfred-world-snooker-championship/ |archive-date=29 April 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; This is the 44th consecutive year that the tournament haes been held at the Crucible, an the 52nd successive warld championship tae be contested throu the modren knockout format.&lt;ref name=&quot;Prize&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;euro_Hear&quot; /&gt; The tournament is sponsored bi sports betting company [[Betfred]], as it haes been syne 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Betfred extends Warld Snooker Championship sponsorship |publisher=SBC News |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://sbcnews.co.uk/europe/uk/2019/05/02/betfred-extends-world-snooker-championship-sponsorship/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726175910/https://sbcnews.co.uk/europe/uk/2019/05/02/betfred-extends-world-snooker-championship-sponsorship/ |archive-date=26 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The tap 16 players in the latest 2019–20 snooker warld rankings automatically qualified for the main draw as [[seed (sports)|seedit]] players. Defendin champion Judd Trump wis automatically seedit first oweraw.&lt;ref name=&quot;format&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;format2&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |title=Warld Championship Absentees |author=Everton, Clive |work=Snooker Scene |issue=August 2020 |publisher=Halesowen: Snooker Scene Ltd.}}&lt;/ref&gt; The remainin 15 seeds war allocated based on the latest warld rankings, released efter the [[2020 Tour Championship]] which wis the penultimate event o the season.&lt;ref name=&quot;format2&quot; /&gt; Matches in the first roond o the main draw war played as best of 19 frames, seicont-roond matches and quarter-finals war played as best of 25 frames, an the semi-finals war played ower a maximum of 33 frames. The final wis played ower twa days as a best-of-35-frames match.&lt;ref name=&quot;format&quot; /&gt;

===Coverage===
The tournament wis broadcast in the United Kinrick on [[BBC Television]] and [[BBC Online]], as well as [[Eurosport]].&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Tour&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Tournament Broadcasters 2019–20 |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/tournaments-broadcasters-2019-20/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200113221936/https://wst.tv/tournaments-broadcasters-2019-20/ |archive-date=13 January 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;eurosport&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=How to watch the 2020 Snooker World Championship live stream? |work=Eurosport |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-dates-draw-venue-odds-o-sullivan-trump-robertson-ding-allen_sto7799253/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Watch the Warld Championship on the BBC |work=BBC Sport |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53407605}}&lt;/ref&gt; Internationally, the event wis broadcast bi Eurosport in Europe and Australie,&lt;ref name=&quot;eurosport&quot; /&gt; [[Superstars Online]], [[Zhibo.tv]], [[Youku]] and [[CCTV]] in Cheenae, [[NowTV]] in Hong Kong and [[DAZN]] in Canadae, USA and Brazil.&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Tour&quot; /&gt; In ither countries, [[Matchroom Sport]] broadcast the tournament, as well as the qualifyin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Matchroom Live To Broadcast Warld Snooker Championship |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/matchroom-live-to-broadcast-world-snooker-championship/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716012728/https://wst.tv/matchroom-live-to-broadcast-world-snooker-championship/ |archive-date=16 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The Warld Snooker Championship wis intendit tae be ane o the first sporting events tae allou spectators efter the stairt o the COVID-19 pandemic. A reduced audience wis tae be admitted tae allou for [[social distancing]].&lt;ref name=&quot;theg_Spec&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Spectators could return to sporting events in England on 1 October |last=Nakrani |first=Sachin |date=17 July 2020 |work=The Guardian |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/jul/17/spectators-could-return-to-sporting-events-in-england-on-1-october |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723043325/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/jul/17/spectators-could-return-to-sporting-events-in-england-on-1-october |archive-date=23 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship to pilot the safe return of spectators at Crucible Theatre |work=Sky Sports |date=2020-07-20 |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12032485/world-snooker-championship-to-pilot-the-safe-return-of-spectators-at-crucible-theatre |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720150203/https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12032485/world-snooker-championship-to-pilot-the-safe-return-of-spectators-at-crucible-theatre |archive-date=20 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The event, alang wi the [[Glorious Goodwood Festival]] and twa [[county cricket]] matches, wis bein uised as a trial for live audiences bi the UK govrenment, ahead of restrictions bein lifted in October.&lt;ref name=&quot;theg_Spec&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Fans in stadiums: Boris Johnson says spectators could return in England in October |work=BBC Sport |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/53441670 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718203736/https://www.bbc.com/sport/53441670 |archive-date=18 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; During the first day o the event, [[Boris Johnson]], the UK prime meenister, annoonced that the sporting pilots war bein ended, an fans wad no langer be allowed inside the venue. The Warld Snooker Tour annoonced an oor later that fans wad be allowed in the venue for the rest o the first day, but matches war tae be played behind closed doors for the remainder o the tournament.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Coronavirus: Boris Johnson says fans not allowed at sports pilot events as planned |work=BBC Sport |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/53610375 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731114213/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/53610375 |archive-date=31 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

During the semi-final stages, the UK Govrenment annoonced that the sporting event pilots, previously postponed, wad resume. This meant that the reduced capacity crowd frae the stairt o the tournament wad be allowed back for baith days o the final.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Scott |first=Laura |title=World Snooker Championship 2020: Fans to be allowed in for final |work=BBC Sport |access-date=14 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53771656 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813192402/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53771656 |archive-date=13 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Prize fund ===
The brakdown of prize money for the event is shawn ablo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Prize&quot; /&gt;
{{div col}}
* Winner: [[pound sterling|£]]500,000
* Runner-up: £200,000
* Semi-finalists: £100,000
* Quarter-finalists: £50,000
* Last 16: £30,000
* Last 32: £20,000
* Last 48: £15,000
* Last 80: £10,000
* Last 112: £5,000
* Highest brak (qualifyin stage included): £15,000
* '''Tot''': £2,395,000
* [[Maximum brak]] in the main event: £40,000
* Maximum brak at the qualifyin stage: £10,000
{{div col end}}

==Tournament summary==
===Qualifyin===
[[File:Allan Taylor PHC 2014-6.jpg|thumb|alt=Allan Taylor playin a shot|[[Allan Taylor (snooker player)|Allan Taylor]] made the heichest brak in qualifyin, a 145.]]
Qualifyin for the event wis held ower fower roonds, atween 21 and 28 Julie 2020 wi 16 players progressing.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=EIS Sheffield To Host The Qualifyin Rounds For The Betfred Warld Championship |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/eis-sheffield-to-host-the-qualifying-rounds-for-the-betfred-world-championship/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616160009/https://wst.tv/eis-sheffield-to-host-the-qualifying-rounds-for-the-betfred-world-championship/ |archive-date=16 June 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[James Cahill (snooker player)|James Cahill]], who defeatit five-time champion Ronnie O'Sullivan in the main stage in 2019, lost in the openin roond tae amateur player [[Ben Mertens]].&lt;ref name=&quot;mertens&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Mertens creates snooker history aged 15 |work=BBC Sport |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53513822}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mertens, aged 15, became the youngest player tae win a match at the event.&lt;ref name=&quot;mertens&quot; /&gt; Mertens lost in the seicont roond tae [[Sam Baird]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Championship snooker qualifyin: Belgian teenager Ben Mertens beaten in Crucible qualifyin |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |date=2020-07-24 |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/teenagers-crucible-dream-ends/182421 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153610/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/teenagers-crucible-dream-ends/182421 |archive-date=2020-07-24 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Martin Gould boosts survival hopes, teenager Ben Mertens loses |work=Eurosport |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-martin-gould-boosts-survival-hopes-teenager-ben-mertens-loses_sto7815346/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Allan Taylor (snooker player)|Allan Taylor]] won the [[2019/20 Challenge Tour Playoff|Challenge Tour play-off]] tae gain a twa-year professional tour card prior tae qualifyin, an won baith of his first twa matches 6–1. In thir matches he scored fower [[century brak]]s, includin a career-heich 145 – the heichest brak in qualifyin.&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Whit&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=White Moves Two Wins From Crucible |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/white-moves-two-wins-from-crucible/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;qualicent&quot; /&gt; Sax-time runner-up [[Jimmy White]] won his first twa qualifyin matches, includin a 6–4 win ower [[Michael Georgiou]], but lost in the third roond tae [[Robert Milkins]].&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Whit&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;heathcote/jimmy&quot;/&gt; [[Gary Wilson (snooker player)|Gary Wilson]], who reached the semi-finals in the 2019 event, lost in the third roond of qualifyin tae Swiss player [[Alexander Ursenbacher]] 3–6.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ursenbacher Reaches Judgement Day |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/ursenbacher-reaches-judgement-day/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Twa-time runner-up [[Ali Carter]] stairtit in roond three, but lost his openin match tae [[Louis Heathcote]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=White and Carter out of qualifiers |work=BBC Sport |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53539865}}&lt;/ref&gt; This wis the first time in 17 years that Carter did nae play in the main stage o the event.&lt;ref name=&quot;heathcote/jimmy&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Jimmy White dream crushed as Ali Carter and Luca Brecel crash out |work=Eurosport UK |access-date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-jimmy-white-dream-crushed-as-ali-carter-and-luca-brecel-crash-out_sto7816367/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Anthony Hamilton PHC 2016-1.jpg|thumb|alt=Anthony Hamilton playin a shot|[[Anthony Hamilton (snooker player)|Anthony Hamilton]] qualified for the event but withdrew afore the first roond.]]
The final roond of qualifyin wis played on 27 and 28 Julie, wi matches played as best-of-19 frames ower twa {{cuegloss|sessions}}. Alexander Ursenbacher is the first Swiss player tae play the mainstages o the tournament, efter defeatin [[Andrew Higginson]] 10–8.&lt;ref name=&quot;skys_Worl&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Alan McManus makes it through qualifyin stage |work=Sky Sports |date=2020-07-28 |access-date=28 July 2020 |url=https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12037811/world-snooker-championship-alan-mcmanus-makes-it-through-qualifying-stage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728195115/https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12037811/world-snooker-championship-alan-mcmanus-makes-it-through-qualifying-stage |archive-date=28 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Swis&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Swiss Bliss – Alex Earns Crucible Debut |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=28 July 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/swiss-bliss/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728095529/https://wst.tv/swiss-bliss/ |archive-date=28 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ursenbacher led 6–2 efter the first session, but the lead wis cut tae 9–8 afore he won frame 18.&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Swis&quot; /&gt; [[Alan McManus]] qualified for the main stage for the first time syne reachin the semi-finals in [[2016 Warld Snooker Championship|2016]] efter defeatin Louis Heathcote 10–5.&lt;ref name=&quot;skys_Worl&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Evergreen Alan McManus secures Crucible spot |publisher=Eurosport |access-date=28 July 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-evergreen-alan-mcmanus-secures-crucible-spot_sto7818348/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Elliot Slessor]] won the final nine frames o the match tae defeat [[Martin O'Donnell (snooker player)|Martin O'Donnell]] 10–3.&lt;ref name=&quot;shro_Elli&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Elliot Slessor can ramp up his wedding plans after qualifyin for the Crucible |work=shropshirestar.com |access-date=28 July 2020 |url=https://www.shropshirestar.com/sport/uk-sports/2020/07/27/elliot-slessor-can-ramp-up-his-wedding-plans-after-qualifying-for-the-crucible/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728213338/https://www.shropshirestar.com/sport/uk-sports/2020/07/27/elliot-slessor-can-ramp-up-his-wedding-plans-after-qualifying-for-the-crucible/ |archive-date=28 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Slessor haed promised tae plan a wedding wi his girlfriend if he made it throu the qualifyin roonds.&lt;ref name=&quot;skys_Worl&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;shro_Elli&quot; /&gt; [[Liang Wenbo]] led [[Fergal O'Brien]] 5–2, but won juist twa frames o the next aicht tae trail 7–8. The match went tae a {{cuegloss|deciding frame}} at 9–9 which Liang won wi a brak of 141.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Agony for O'Brien as Liang Wenbo ends Crucible dream |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann |date=27 July 2020 |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/snooker/2020/0727/1155900-agony-for-obrien-as-liang-wenbo-ends-crucible-dream/}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Anthony McGill]] lost anly ane frame in his win ower Sam Baird,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Anthony McGill hoping past results can inspire after reaching Warld Championship |work=Express &amp; Star |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=https://www.expressandstar.com/sport/uk-sports/2020/07/28/anthony-mcgill-hoping-past-results-can-inspire-after-reaching-world-championship/}}&lt;/ref&gt; whilst Norwegian player [[Kurt Maflin]] defeatit [[Matthew Selt]] bi the same scoreline 10–1, tae qualify for the first time syne 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;SL Maflin/Selby&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Kurt Maflin targets revenge over Mark Selby |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |date=2020-07-28 |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/maflin-im-coming-to-beat-selby/182540 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112837/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/maflin-im-coming-to-beat-selby/182540 |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Slessor and Ursenbacher made thair debuts in the main draw. Ither debutants in the main draw war [[Jamie Rhys Clarke|Jamie Clarke]], [[Ashley Carty]] and [[Jordan Brown (snooker player)|Jordan Brown]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Judd Trump accuses Ronnie O'Sullivan of being selfish |work=BBC Sport |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/amp/snooker/53580678}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Anthony Hamilton (snooker player)|Anthony Hamilton]] qualified for the main draw o the Warld Championship for the first time syne [[2008 Warld Snooker Championship|2008]], but withdrew acause of heal concerns ower the coronavirus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/jul/28/anthony-hamilton-fears-for-health-after-ridiculous-crucible-decision-on-fans |title=Anthony Hamilton fears for health after 'ridiculous' Crucible decision on fans |agency=PA Media |date=28 July 2020 |work=The Guardian |accessdate=30 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200822134757/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/jul/28/anthony-hamilton-fears-for-health-after-ridiculous-crucible-decision-on-fans |archive-date=2020-08-22 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; As an asthmatic, he haed criticised the decision tae allou a leemitit nummer of spectators intae the Crucible. Defendin champion Judd Trump said Hamilton should hae made his decision earlier, as bi pairteecipatin in the qualifiers despite knowing thare wad be spectators in the final stages he haed denied a place tae anither player.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/jul/30/judd-trump-says-hamilton-selfish-to-withdraw-from-world-championship |title=Judd Trump says Hamilton 'selfish' to withdraw from warld championship | last=Bower |first=Aaron |date=30 July 2020 |work=The Guardian |accessdate=30 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200822134803/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/jul/30/judd-trump-says-hamilton-selfish-to-withdraw-from-world-championship |archive-date=2020-08-22 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Judd Trump hits out at Anthony Hamilton after 'selfish' late withdrawal |work=BT.com |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=https://www.bt.com/sport/news/judd-trump-hits-out-at-anthony-hamilton-after-selfish-late-withdrawal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===First round===
The first roond wis played frae 31 Julie tae 5 August.&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt; Matches war played as best-of-19 frames held ower twa sessions.&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt; Defendin champion Judd Trump played [[Tom Ford (snooker player)|Tom Ford]] in the openin match. Ford won the first frame, an attempted a [[maximum brak]] but missed the pot on the 13t {{cuegloss|black ball}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;SL Trump/Ford&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Championship review: Judd Trump beats Tom Ford 10-8 to advance to round two |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |date=2020-07-31 |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/trump-fights-after-sloppy-start/182696 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112746/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/trump-fights-after-sloppy-start/182696 |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ford won the seicont and third frame as well, afore Trump won the next twa. Ford won the follaein twa frames, includin a brak of 140 tae lead 5–2, but lost the last twa tae lead 5–4 efter the first session.&lt;ref name=&quot;SL Trump/Ford&quot; /&gt; Ford won the openin frame on the resumption of play, but Trump won the next three frames tae tak the lead for the first time in the match.&lt;ref name=&quot;skys_Judd&quot; /&gt; Ford won frame 14, afore Trump made a brak of 131 in the next – his 100th century brak o the season.&lt;ref name=&quot;skys_Judd&quot; /&gt; Trump an aw won the next frame tae lead 9–7. Ford won frame 17, but Trump won the match in the next 10–8.&lt;ref name=&quot;SL Trump/Ford&quot; /&gt; Trump's 100th century wis anly the seicont time a player haed made that mony braks in a season, efter [[Neil Robertson]] in the [[2013–14 snooker season]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SL Trump/Ford&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Watch: Trump survives scare to progress at Crucible |work=The Times |location=Malta |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/watch-trump-survives-scare-to-progress-at-crucible.808914}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Stuart Bingham PHC 2016-1.jpg|thumb|alt=Stuart Bingham playin a shot|The [[2015 Warld Snooker Championship|2015]] champion [[Stuart Bingham]] defeatit [[Ashley Carty]] 10–7.]]
The [[2015 Warld Snooker Championship|2015]] winner [[Stuart Bingham]] met qualifier Ashley Carty and led 5–4 efter the first session.&lt;ref name=&quot;skys_Judd&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Judd Trump beats Tom Ford 10–8 to start his warld-title defence |work=Sky Sports |date=2020-08-03 |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12040236/judd-trump-beats-tom-ford-10-8-to-start-his-world-title-defence |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112748/https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12040236/judd-trump-beats-tom-ford-10-8-to-start-his-world-title-defence |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bingham then won the next fower frames, includin a maximum attempt that fell apart on 12 black balls, an a 109 tae lead 9–4. Carty then won the next three frames, afore Bingham won frame 17 wi a brak of 82 tae win 10–7.&lt;ref name=&quot;SL tense wins&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Championship review: Tense wins for Ding Junhui and Stuart Bingham |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |date=2020-08-01 |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/ding-scrapes-past-dogged-king/182723 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112821/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/ding-scrapes-past-dogged-king/182723 |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bbcDing&quot; /&gt; The [[2019 UK Championship]] winner [[Ding Junhui]] played [[Mark King (snooker player)|Mark King]]. Ding haed nae played in ony tournaments syne the COVID-19 pandemic, but teuk a 5–4 lead efter the first session.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Story of the snooker season ahead of the Warld Championship, including Judd Trump and Ronnie O'Sullivan |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |date=2020-07-28 |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/story-of-the-snooker-season/182149 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200730155106/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/story-of-the-snooker-season/182149 |archive-date=30 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Trump advances after first-round scare |work=BBC Sport |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53616733 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731220223/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53616733 |archive-date=31 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The pair war tied at 5–5 tae 7–7 afore Ding won twa frames tae lead 9–7. Twa 50-minute frames war won bi King, leadin tae a deciding frame.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship LIVE – Ding Junhui and John Higgins in action |work=Eurosport |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-live-scores-text-and-results_sto7820412/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ding won the frame efter potting a mid-range {{cuegloss|red ball}} tae win 10–9.&lt;ref name=&quot;SL tense wins&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bbcDing&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Ding joins Bingham in the second round |work=BBC Sport |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53623287}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ding Edges King In Thriller |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/ding-edges-king-in-thriller/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The three-time champion [[Mark Williams (snooker player)|Mark Williams]] wis drawn against Alan McManus. Efter the first session of play, McManus led 5–4, despite losin the first twa frames.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Trump Survives – And Makes 100th Ton |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/trump-survives-and-makes-100th-ton/}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the seicont session, Williams won sax straucht frames tae win the match 10–5.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Mark Williams and Ding Junhui battle to second round |work=Eurosport |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-stuart-bingham-beats-ashley-carty-kurt-maflin-leads-david-gilbert_sto7822503/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=I felt lost with the table and the balls |work=BBC Sport |access-date=1 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53623287}}&lt;/ref&gt; Efter the performance, Williams said &quot;he outplayed me and I was happy to be 5–4 down because it could have been 7–2&quot; efter the first session, an in the seicont session he &quot;put pressure on [McManus], then he got frustrated and I knew I had him as long as I didn't make silly mistakes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Resurgent Williams – I'll Never Retire |work=Warld Snooker |date=1 August 2020 |access-date=2 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/vintage-williams-hammers-mcmanus/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Four-time champion John Higgins met twa-time finalist [[Matthew Stevens]], and held a 6–3 lead efter the first session.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Mark Williams and Ding Junhui battle to second round |work=Eurosport |access-date=2 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-stuart-bingham-beats-ashley-carty-kurt-maflin-leads-david-gilbert_sto7822503/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Stevens won frame 10 wi a brak of 138, afore Higgins won the next twa frames tae lead 8–4.&lt;ref name=&quot;higgins/Stevens&quot;/&gt; Stevens won frame 13 afore Higgins won the next frame despite requirin {{cuegloss|snooker|foul shots}} and then frame 15 tae win 10–5.&lt;ref name=&quot;higgins/Stevens&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Ronnie O'Sullivan dominates Thepchaiya Un-Nooh in opening session |work=Eurosport |access-date=2 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-snooker-championship-ronnie-osullivan-dominates-thepchaiya-un-nooh-in-opening-session_sto7824120/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[2010 Warld Snooker Championship|2010]] winner Neil Robertson met Liang Wenbo, an led 5–4 efter the first session efter braks of 140, 123 and 87.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Neil Robertson has narrow lead over Liang Wenbo; Yan Bingtao dominating |work=Eurosport |access-date=2 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-neil-robertson-has-narrow-lead-over-wenbo-liang-yan-bingtao-dominating_sto7823948/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Liang won the openin frame o the seicont session tae tie the match at 5–5, afore Robertson won the next five frames tae win the match 10–5.&lt;ref name=&quot;roboliang&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Neil Robertson and Kurt Maflin reach second round |work=Eurosport |access-date=3 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-neil-robertson-beats-liang-wenbo-to-reach-second-round_sto7824412/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Noppon Saengkham PHC 2015-2.jpg|thumb|alt=Noppon Saengkham playin a shot|[[Noppon Saengkham]] defeatit the [[2005 Warld Snooker Championship|2005]] champion [[Shaun Murphy]] 10–4.]]
The previous year's semi-finalist [[David Gilbert (snooker player)|David Gilbert]] played Kurt Maflin, who haed nae qualified syne the 2015 event.&lt;ref name=&quot;SL Maflin/Selby&quot; /&gt; Maflin led 3–1 and later 5–4 efter the first session.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Mark Williams and Ding Junhui battle to second round |work=Eurosport UK |access-date=2 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-stuart-bingham-beats-ashley-carty-kurt-maflin-leads-david-gilbert_sto7822503/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Baith players made a brak of 102 in frames 10 and 11, wi fower century braks in a row. Maflin attempted a maximum brak, scoring 105 in frame 16 tae tie the match at 8–8. Efter running oot of poseetion for the 14t black, he gae &quot;[[the finger]]&quot; tae the table, an received a warning frae referee [[Tatiana Woollaston]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='I meant nothing by it': Kurt Maflin warned for obscene gesture at Crucible |work=The Guardian |agency=PA Media |date=2 August 2020 |access-date=3 August 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/aug/02/kurt-maflin-obscene-gesture-world-snooker-championship |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112841/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/aug/02/kurt-maflin-obscene-gesture-world-snooker-championship |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite AV media |title=Kurt Maflin flips the bird at cue ball after fluffing 147 maximum chance – Warld Championship |work=Video Eurosport |date=8 February 2020 |access-date=3 August 2020 |url=https://video.eurosport.com/snooker/kurt-maflin-flips-the-bird-at-cue-ball-after-fluffing-147-maximum-chance-world-championship_vid1332010/video.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maflin then won the next twa frames tae win 10–8.&lt;ref name=&quot;roboliang&quot; /&gt; Five-time champion [[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] averaged less nor 14 seconds per shot as he opened a 8–1 lead in the first session against [[Thepchaiya Un-Nooh]].&lt;ref name=&quot;higgins/Stevens&quot;/&gt; In the seicont session, O'Sullivan clinched the next twa frames in less nor hauf an oor. Wi a match time of 108 minutes, his veectory set a new record for the fastest match in a best-of-19. This wis 41 minutes faster than the previous record bi Shaun Murphy in his 10–0 veectory ower [[Luo Honghao]] in 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53636639 |title=World Snooker Championship 2020: Ronnie O'Sullivan sets record in round one win |first=Shamroon |last=Hafez |date=3 August 2020 |work=BBC Sport |accessdate=3 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Yan Bingtao]] played debutant Elliot Slessor, an led 8–1 efter the first session. Yan an aw led 9–2, afore Slessor won five frames in a row. Yan won the match 10–7.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=O'Sullivan sets record in round one win |author=Hafez, Shamoon |work=BBC Sport |access-date=3 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53636639}}&lt;/ref&gt; Anthony McGill teuk a 5–4 lead efter the first session ower [[Jack Lisowski]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship LIVE – Mark Selby trailing; Anthony McGill edging Jack Lisowski battle |work=Eurosport UK |access-date=3 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-live-scores-text-and-results_sto7820412/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; McGill led 9–6 afore Lisowski won three frames tae force a deciding frame. The frame wis focht ower the final {{cuegloss|blue ball}}, which wis potted bi McGill tae win 10–9.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship LIVE – Anthony McGill and Jack Lisowski into decider; Mark Selby trailing |publisher=Eurosport |access-date=3 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-live-scores-text-and-results_sto7820412/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[2005 Warld Snooker Championship|2005]] champion [[Shaun Murphy]] wis defeatit bi [[Noppon Saengkham]] 10–4 in a match Murphy descrived as &quot;the worst two days of my snooker years&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Championship snooker: Jamie Clarke shocks Mark Allen; Noppon Saengkham beats Shaun Murphy; Mark Selby through |date=2020-08-05 |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |access-date=4 August 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/saengkham-stunner-at-the-crucible/182833 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112909/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/saengkham-stunner-at-the-crucible/182833 |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Three-time champion [[Mark Selby]] struggled for form as he defeatit Jordan Brown 10–6.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Selby leads Brown 5–4 after first session |work=BBC Sport |date=3 August 2020 |access-date=4 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53645172}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Mark Selby battles through, Shaun Murphy knocked out |author=Offord, Jen |publisher=Eurosport UK |date=4 August 2020 |access-date=4 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/snooker-news-shaun-murphy-dumped-out-of-world-champs-by-noppon-saengkham-in-fourth-round_sto7825896/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; In his match against Jamie Clarke, [[Mark Allen (snooker player)|Mark Allen]] scored twa century braks in the first twa frames,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Mark Allen makes successive centuries in fast start |publisher=Eurosport UK |access-date=4 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/snooker-world-championship-sheffield/2009/world-snooker-championship-mark-allen-makes-successive-centuries-in-fast-start_vid1332403/video.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; and made three ither century braks but lost the match 8–10.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship LIVE – Mark Allen a frame from losing to warld No 89 |work=Eurosport UK |access-date=4 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-live-scores-text-and-results_sto7820412/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alexander Ursenbacher won the first frame in his match against [[Barry Hawkins]], but won anly ane ither frame and lost 2–10.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Barry Hawkins breezes past Alexander Ursenbacher |work=Eurosport |access-date=5 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-barry-hawkins-breezes-past-alexander-ursenbacher_sto7827017/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hawkins Sets Up Robertson Clash |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=5 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/hawkins-sets-up-robertson-clash/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Hawkins progresses at Crucible |work=BBC Sport |date=5 August 2020 |access-date=5 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53659471}}&lt;/ref&gt; The final match o the first roond wis held atween [[Stephen Maguire]] and Martin Gould. Maguire haed won the preceding event at the Tour Championship.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan: 'absolutely brilliant' Maguire let down by 'anger' and 'temperament' |publisher=Yahoo! News |date=4 August 2020 |access-date=5 August 2020 |url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/o-sullivan-absolutely-brilliant-maguire-let-down-by-anger-and-temperament-145350839.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gould made three braks of 103 and a brak of 100 tae open a 7–2 lead efter the first session, an eventually won the match 10–3.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Gould Standard Too Good For Maguire |work=Warld Snooker |date=5 August 2020 |access-date=5 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/gould-standard-too-good-for-maguire/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Second round===
[[File:John Higgins PHC 2015.jpg|thumb|[[John Higgins]] scored a [[maximum brak]] in the 12t frame of his seicont-roond match against [[Kurt Maflin]].|alt=Photograph of John Higgins wi a cue in haund, ready tae strike the cue ball.]]
The seicont roond wis played frae 5 tae 9 August as best-of-25 frames held ower three sessions.&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Championship schedule and results |work=BBC Sport |date=4 August 2020 |access-date=5 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53407612}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kurt Maflin teuk on John Higgins, wi Higgins takkin the first twa frames. Maflin responded bi winnin the next fower frames in a row, afore Higgins won frame 7 wi a brak of 101.&lt;ref name=&quot;Higgins/Maflin1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Strong Start For Maflin |work=Warld Snooker |date=5 August 2020 |access-date=5 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/strong-start-for-maflin/}}&lt;/ref&gt; The final frame o the session wis won bi Maflin wi a brak of 81 tae lead 5–3.&lt;ref name=&quot;Higgins/Maflin1&quot;/&gt; Higgins won frame nine, but Maflin won the next twa frames tae tak a 7–4 lead. In frame 12, Higgins made the heichest brak o the tournament, a maximum brak of 147.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |title='Sensational' John Higgins makes 147 maximum brak |work=BBC Sport |date=6 August 2020 |access-date=6 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/av/snooker/53680844}}&lt;/ref&gt; This wis the first time syne Stephen Hendry in [[2012 Warld Snooker Championship|2012]] that thare wis a maximum at the event. Thay shared the next twa frames, houiver, Higgins won the next twa frames tae tie the match at 8–8.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Championship Snooker: John Higgins makes 147 maximum brak at the Crucible |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |date=7 August 2020 |access-date=6 August 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/higgins-bags-crucible-maximum/182912 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112922/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/higgins-bags-crucible-maximum/182912 |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maflin won the next twa frames, afore Higgins teuk the lead bi winnin the next three.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Higgins knocked out despite 147 |work=BBC Sport |access-date=7 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53680050}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;n9foz&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Championship snooker: Kurt Maflin beats John Higgins despite 147 from latter |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |date=7 August 2020 |access-date=7 August 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/maximum-man-beaten-by-maflin/182923 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112906/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/maximum-man-beaten-by-maflin/182923 |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Maflin, houiver, an aw won the next three frames tae win the match 13–11.&lt;ref name=&quot;n9foz&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Kurt Maflin PHC 2016-1.jpg|thumb|alt=Kurt Maflin playin a shot wi the rest|[[Kurt Maflin]] defeatit fower-time champion [[John Higgins]] 13–11.]]
Mark Williams won the first frame in the match against Stuart Bingham, wi Bingham winnin the next twa frames. In frame fower, Bingham wis seiven pynts ahead, but missed potting the black ball off the {{cuegloss|spot}}. Williams potted the black, an an aw the {{cuegloss|respotted black}} tae win the frame.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |title=Stuart Bingham misses frame-ball black to allow Mark Williams in |work=Eurosport UK |date=5 August 2020 |access-date=6 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/stuart-bingham-misses-frame-ball-black-to-allow-mark-williams-in_vid1332809/video.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Williams then teuk the next three frames, an led 5–3 efter the first session.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Martin Gould stuns Stephen Maguire, Mark Williams leads Stuart Bingham |work=Eurosport |date=5 August 2020 |access-date=6 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-martin-gould-stuns-stephen-maguire-mark-williams-leads-stuart-bingham_sto7827560/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Williams teuk frame nine, afore Bingham won fower straucht frames tae lead 7–6.&lt;ref name=&quot;cyTQ3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Snooker Championship: Judd Trump trails Yan Bingtao in second round |work=Eurosport UK |date=6 August 2020 |access-date=6 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/judd-trump-trails-yan-bingtao-at-world-snooker-championship_sto7828345/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Williams won the next twa frames, but missed a {{cuegloss|green ball}} in frame 16 allouin Bingham tae tie the match at 8–8.&lt;ref name=&quot;NX0MV&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Champion Trump trails Yan in second round |work=BBC Sport |date=6 August 2020 |access-date=6 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53682396}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bingham won frame 17 wi a brak of 70, afore Williams won the next twa frames. Wi the scores later tied at 11–11, Williams won the next twa frames tae win the match 13–11.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mark Williams comes through thriller against Stuart Bingham, Judd Trump leads Yan Bingtao |author=Dunn, Carie |work=Eurosport |date=7 August 2020 |access-date=7 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/mark-williams-comes-through-thriller-against-stuart-bingham-to-make-quarter-finals_sto7829140/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Warld nummer ane Judd Trump won the first frame against Yan Bingtao, while Yan scored a brak of 133 in frame twa, afore Trump won frame three.&lt;ref name=&quot;UW8Qk&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Champion Trump Trails Yan |work=Warld Snooker |date=6 August 2020 |access-date=6 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/champion-trump-trails-yan/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yan then won the next fower frames tae lead 5–2.&lt;ref name=&quot;NX0MV&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;UW8Qk&quot; /&gt; Yan missed the final {{cuegloss|brown ball}} in frame aicht, allouin Trump tae mak a {{cuegloss|clearance}} and finish the session 3–5 behind.&lt;ref name=&quot;cyTQ3&quot; /&gt; Trump won the seicont session 6–2, tae cairy a 9–7 lead intae the final session, which he won 13–11 wi a brak of 127.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Champion Trump edges into quarter-finals |work=BBC Sport |date=7 August 2020 |access-date=9 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53682396}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mark Selby and Noppon Saengkham war tied at 8–8 efter the first twa sessions of thair match, wi three-time champion Selby takkin a 12–10 lead.&lt;ref name=&quot;s5pij&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mark Selby overcomes Noppon Saengkham in tense Warld Championship decider |work=Eurosport |date=8 August 2020 |access-date=9 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/world-snooker-championship-mark-selby-overcomes-noppon-saengkham-in-tense-decider_sto7829420/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Noppon won the next twa frames, houiver, tae force a deciding frame. In frame 25, Selby made a century brak tae win the match 13–12.&lt;ref name=&quot;s5pij&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Neil Robertson at Snooker German Masters (DerHexer) 2015-02-05 02.jpg|thumb|alt=Neil Robertson playin a shot|The [[2010 Warld Snooker Championship|2010]] champion [[Neil Robertson]] defeatit [[Barry Hawkins]] 13–9.]]
[[Kyren Wilson]] received a [[bye (sports)|bye]] throu the first roond, an met Martin Gould.&lt;ref name=&quot;5oVac&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Championship snooker: Ronnie O'Sullivan and Ding Junhui level at 8–8 |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |date=8 August 2020 |access-date=9 August 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/ronnie-and-rival-in-ding-dong-tussle/182994 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112959/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/ronnie-and-rival-in-ding-dong-tussle/182994 |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wilson won five o the first sax frames o the match, afore Gould won the final twa o the session. At 5–3 ahead, Wilson won the next five frames in a row tae lead 10–3.&lt;ref name=&quot;espgm&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan and Ding Junhui tied up at Warld Snooker Championship |work=Eurosport Australia |date=8 August 2020 |access-date=9 August 2020 |url=https://au.eurosport.com/snooker/robertson-leads-hawkins-after-first-session-wilson-on-top-aghainst-gould_sto7830216/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gould won the next twa frames, but Wilson won the final frame o the seicont session tae lead 11–5.&lt;ref name=&quot;VhUm5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=McGill unhappy with opponent Clarke |work=BBC Sport |date=8 August 2020 |access-date=9 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53707035 |archive-date=8 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808232723/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53707035 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the final session, Gould won the first three frames, an haed won the fowert baring foul shots.&lt;ref name=&quot;JivKG&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kyren Wilson survives Martin Gould fightback to book Judd Trump date at Crucible |work=BT.com |date=9 August 2020 |access-date=11 August 2020 |url=https://www.bt.com/sport/news/2020/august/kyren-wilson-survives-martin-gould-fightback-to-book-judd-trump-date-at-crucible}}&lt;/ref&gt; In a snooker, Gould missed and conceded a {{cuegloss|free ball}}, allouin Wilson eneuch pynts tae win the frame. Kyren won the match in frame 21 13–9.&lt;ref name=&quot;JivKG&quot; /&gt; Barry Hawkins trailed  2010 champion Neil Robertson 3–5 efter the first session of thair match, wi Robertson winnin frame nine tae lead bi three frames.&lt;ref name=&quot;espgm&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;VhUm5&quot; /&gt; Hawkins won the next fower straucht frames tae tak the lead 7–6. Robertson won the next twa frames tae lead again, but Hawkins tied the match at 8–8 efter twa sessions.&lt;ref name=&quot;5oVac&quot; /&gt; Robertson won the next twa frames, afore Hawkins scored a century brak in frame 19. Robertson won the next three frames tae win 13–9.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Neil Robertson battles past Barry Hawkins to reach Warld Snooker Championships quarters |work=Eurosport |date=9 August 2020 |access-date=11 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/neil-robertson-battles-past-barry-hawkins-to-reach-world-snooker-championships-quarters_sto7831566/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ronnie O'Sullivan, makin a record 28t consecutive appearance at the event,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite episode |title=Live Snooker: Warld Championship |series=Snooker on Eurosport |network=Eurosport |station=Eurosport 1 HD |date=1 August 2020 |minutes=133}}&lt;/ref&gt; wis level wi Ding Junhui efter the first session 4–4.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ding Junhui and Ronnie O'Sullivan deadlocked in epic tussle |author=Ryding, Paul |work=South China Morning Post |date=9 August 2020 |access-date=9 August 2020 |url=https://www.scmp.com/sport/china/article/3096634/world-snooker-championship-ding-junhui-and-ronnie-osullivan-deadlocked |archive-date=10 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810052127/https://www.scmp.com/sport/china/article/3096634/world-snooker-championship-ding-junhui-and-ronnie-osullivan-deadlocked |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan won frame nine, afore Ding won three frames wi braks of 64, 118 and 101 tae lead 7–5.&lt;ref name=&quot;mfC0C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ding Junhui levels with O'Sullivan at snooker warld championship |work=news.cgtn.com |date=9 August 2020 |access-date=9 August 2020 |url=https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-08-09/Ding-Junhui-levels-with-O-Sullivan-at-snooker-worlds-SOd1iXTB3W/index.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan an aw won three frames in a row, afore Ding won frame 16 tae level at 8–8.&lt;ref name=&quot;mfC0C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan and Ding Junhui tied up at Warld Snooker Championship |work=Eurosport |date=8 August 2020 |access-date=9 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/ronnie-o-sullivan-and-ding-junhui-tied-up-at-world-snooker-championship_sto7830216/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan won the match 13–10 tae reach a record 19t quarter-final at the event.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ding Junhui ousted by Ronnie O'Sullivan after epic tussle |author=Ryding,Paul |work=South China Morning Post |date=10 August 2020 |access-date=11 August 2020 |url=https://www.scmp.com/sport/china/article/3096686/world-snooker-championship-ronnie-osullivan-outlasts-ding-junhui-epic |archive-date=11 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811224013/https://www.scmp.com/sport/china/article/3096686/world-snooker-championship-ronnie-osullivan-outlasts-ding-junhui-epic |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The final match o the seicont roond wis played atween twa qualifiers – Anthony McGill and debutant Jamie Clarke.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._McGi&quot; /&gt; Clarke led 7–2; but wis reprimanded bi McGill for staundin in his line of sicht during a shot.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._McGi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=McGill unhappy with opponent Clarke |work=BBC Sport |date=8 August 2020 |access-date=11 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53707035 |archive-date=8 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808232723/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53707035 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The pair war calmed bi referee [[Jan Verhaas]], houiver, Clarke wis followed oot o the arena bi McGill.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Anthony McGill confronts opponent Jamie Clarke over eyeline tactics at Warld Snooker Championship |work=Sky Sports |date=9 August 2020 |access-date=11 August 2020 |url=https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12045483/anthony-mcgill-confronts-opponent-jamie-clarke-over-eyeline-tactics-at-world-snooker-championship |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112939/https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12045483/anthony-mcgill-confronts-opponent-jamie-clarke-over-eyeline-tactics-at-world-snooker-championship |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Clarke later [[twitter|tweeted]] &quot;You want to dance, let's dance&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;bt.c_Cruc&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Crucible controversy as Anthony McGill confronts opponent Jamie Clarke |work=BT.com |date=8 August 2020 |access-date=11 August 2020 |url=https://www.bt.com/sport/news/2020/august/crucible-controversy-as-anthony-mcgill-confronts-opponent-jamie-clarke}}&lt;/ref&gt; McGill won the remainin five frames o the session tae trail 7–8.&lt;ref name=&quot;bt.c_Cruc&quot; /&gt; The pair war tied at 11–11 afore Clarke teuk frame 23 and missed match-ball {{cuegloss|pink ball|pink}} in the next allouin McGill tae tie the scores at 12–12.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan says standard is 'poor' |author=Hafez, Shamoon |work=BBC Sport |date=9 August 2020 |access-date=12 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53709660 |archive-date=12 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812042152/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53709660 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the deciding frame, Clarke failed tae escape frae a snooker, an left a free ball, which wis eneuch for McGill tae win the match 13–12.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=McGill Beats Clarke In Crucible Epic |work=Warld Snooker |date=10 August 2020 |access-date=12 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/mcgill-beats-clarke-in-crucible-epic/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Quarter-finals===
[[File:Eirian Williams and Mark Selby at Snooker German Masters (DerHexer) 2013-01-31 04.jpg|thumb|alt=Mark Selby playin a shot|[[Mark Selby]] wis applauded for the quality of his {{cuegloss|safety|safety play}} in his 13–7 win ower [[Neil Robertson]].]]
The quarter-finals war played frae 9 tae 11 August as best-of-25 frames, held ower three sessions.&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt; Mark Selby played Neil Robertson, wi the first frame lasting ower 58 minutes.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kyren Wilson builds strong lead over Judd Trump, Mark Selby closing on win over Neil Robertson |author=Hicks, Michael |work=Eurosport |date=10 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/neil-robertson-fights-back-against-mark-selby-judd-trump-trails-kyren-wilson-in-quarter-final_sto7832598/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Selby teuk the frame, an aw o the first five o the match.&lt;ref name=&quot;zFfKR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Neil Robertson: Mark Selby back to his warld title-winning tactical best |work=Eurosport UK |date=11 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/neil-robertson-mark-selby-back-to-his-world-title-winning-tactical-best_sto7833668/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Robertson won the next three frames, includin a fower-ball {{cuegloss|plant}} in the final frame o the session.&lt;ref name=&quot;zFfKR&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Neil Robertson dispatches 'extravagant' four-ball plant against Mark Selby |work=Video Eurosport |date=11 November 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://video.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/neil-robertson-dispatches-extravagant-four-ball-plant-against-mark-selby_vid1334545/video.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Selby then won the seicont session o the match 6–2 tae lead 11–5 efter the seicont session, winnin fower frames in a row.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mark Selby is feeling back towards his best after booking semi-finals spot |work=Gazette &amp; Herald |date=11 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.gazetteherald.co.uk/sport/national_/18642853.mark-selby-feeling-back-towards-best-booking-semi-finals-spot/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rte._Selb&quot; /&gt; Selby won frame 17 wi a brak of 91 tae lead 12–5, but Robertson won the next twa frames.&lt;ref name=&quot;rte._Selb&quot; /&gt; Selby won the match 13–7 when Robertson missed a black ball frae the spot.&lt;ref name=&quot;rte._Selb&quot; /&gt; Robertson praised Selby's {{cuegloss|safety|safety play}} throughout the match, whilst Selby commented that he haed lost confidence at reachin the stage o the tournament again.&lt;ref name=&quot;rte._Selb&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Selby happy with his form after booking semi-final spot |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann |date=11 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/snooker/2020/0811/1158550-selby-ousts-robertson-in-world-championships/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Defendin champion Judd Trump played Kyren Wilson in the seicont quarter-final. Wilson led 5–3 efter the first session, but Trump pulled tae ane behind twice in the seicont session. Wilson, houiver extendit the lead tae 10–6 bi winnin the last three frames o the seicont session.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kyren Wilson builds strong lead over Judd Trump, Mark Selby closing on win over Neil Robertson |author=Michael Hicks |work=Eurosport |date=10 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/neil-robertson-fights-back-against-mark-selby-judd-trump-trails-kyren-wilson-in-quarter-final_sto7832598/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Trump made braks of 72, 100 and 62 tae trail bi ane frame, but Wilson won three frames of his ain tae win the match 13–9.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._Cham&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Champion Trump knocked out by Wilson |work=BBC Sport |date=11 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53740320 |archive-date=12 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812000227/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53740320 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; As a first-time champion, Trump wis contesting the [[Crucible curse]], whaur syne 1970 no sic player haed retained the championship.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._Cham&quot; /&gt; Trump finished the season wi the maist amount of ranking events won in a single season (sax), an the maist century braks of ony player this season (102), juist ane shy of Neil Robertson's record in 2013-14.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Champion Trump knocked out by Wilson |work=BBC Sport |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53740320 |archive-date=12 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812000227/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53740320 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Anthony McGill PHC 2016-3.jpg|thumb|alt=Anthony McGill playin a shot|[[Anthony McGill]] reached his first Warld Championship semi-final.]]
Twa umwhile champions played in Ronnie O'Sullivan and Mark Williams. O'Sullivan wis asked afore the match aboot the players meetin in 2020, as baith players turned professional in 1992.&lt;ref name=&quot;tele_Ronn&quot; /&gt; He commented that the younger players war &quot;so bad&quot;, and that he wad hae tae &quot;lose an arm and a leg&quot; tae nae be in the tap 50 players in the snooker warld rankings.&lt;ref name=&quot;tele_Ronn&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan issues scathing attack on young players after Warld Championship win |author=Staniforth, Mark |work=The Telegraph |date=9 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/snooker/2020/08/09/ronnie-osullivan-rockets-intoworld-championship-quarter-finals/ |archive-date=11 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811200704/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/snooker/2020/08/09/ronnie-osullivan-rockets-intoworld-championship-quarter-finals/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan: The younger players are so bad |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann |date=9 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.rte.ie/sport/snooker/2020/0809/1158230-osullivan-admits-hunger-a-struggle-after-ding-win/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan: Snooker's young players are so bad I'd have to lose an arm to fall out of top 50 |author=Bennett, Tom |work=Eurosport |date=9 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/ronnie-o-sullivan-snooker-s-young-players-are-so-bad-i-d-have-to-lose-an-arm-to-fall-out-of-top-50_sto7832104/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Williams wad later consider that the comments war an aw aimed at himsel, an thay war &quot;disrespectful&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan disrespectful for attacking younger players, says Mark Williams |work=The Telegraph |date=12 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/snooker/2020/08/12/ronnie-osullivan-disrespectful-anda-bit-naughty-attacking-younger/}}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan teuk a 2–1 lead, but Williams won five straucht frames tae lead the session bi fower.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan &amp; Trump trail at the Crucible |work=BBC Sport |date=10 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53725613 |archive-date=11 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811090726/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53725613 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan missed {{cuegloss|frame ball}} in frame nine and went five behind, afore he won sax o the next seiven tae tie the match 8–8 efter twa sessions.&lt;ref name=&quot;InF43&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan completes brilliant comeback to defeat Mark Williams |author=Netherton, Alexander |work=Eurosport |date=11 August 2020 |access-date=13 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/ronnie-o-sullivan-roars-back-into-contention-to-draw-level-with-mark-williams_sto7833854/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Williams won twa o the next three frames tae lead 10–9, afore O'Sullivan made braks of 104, 61, 65 and 133 tae gang 12–10, ane frame frae veectory.&lt;ref name=&quot;InF43&quot; /&gt; In frame 23, O'Sullivan missed the blue, which wis the anly ball he required tae win the match, wi Williams makin a clearance tae force a respotted black. Williams missed a shot on the black, wi O'Sullivan potting it tae win 13–10.&lt;ref name=&quot;InF43&quot; /&gt;

Twa qualifiers, Scot Anthony McGill and Norawa's Kurt Maflin contested thair first quarter-finals.&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._McGi&quot; /&gt; McGill won the first three frames o the match wi braks of 53, 63 and 78.&lt;ref name=&quot;sgLdV&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mark Williams opens up healthy lead over below-par Ronnie O'Sullivan in quarter-finals |author=Walker-Roberts, James |work=Eurosport UK |date=10 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/mark-williams-opens-up-healthy-lead-over-below-par-ronnie-o-sullivan-in-quarter-finals_sto7832789/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maflin won frame fower, an wis 54 pynts ahead in the fift until he missed a routine pot on the reid ball, wi McGill winnin the frame.&lt;ref name=&quot;sgLdV&quot; /&gt; McGill finished the first session 7–1 ahead.&lt;ref name=&quot;sgLdV&quot; /&gt; Maflin won five o the next seiven frames o the match, afore McGill won the final frame o the seicont session tae stay 10–6 ahead.&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._McGi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=McGill Stays Ahead Of Maflin |work=Warld Snooker |date=11 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/mcgill-stays-ahead-of-maflin/}}&lt;/ref&gt; While McGill won the first frame o the final session tae gang 11–6 up, Maflin then won fower o the next five frames afore McGill wrapped up a 13–10 win.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Champion Trump knocked out by Wilson |work=BBC Sport |date=11 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53740320 |archive-date=12 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812000227/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53740320 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Semi-finals===
The semi-finals war played frae 12 tae 14 August as best-of-33 frames, held ower fower sessions.&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt; Kyren Wilson, who haed reached this stage ance afore in 2018, played Anthony McGill who haed nae reached the semi-finals previously.&lt;ref name=&quot;uYDTq&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Underdog Anthony McGill takes control of Crucible semi-final with Kyren Wilson |last=Staniforth |first=Mark |work=independent |date=12 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/other-sports/snooker/underdog-anthony-mcgill-takes-control-of-crucible-semi-final-with-kyren-wilson-39444693.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; McGill won the first twa frames wi braks of 83 and 78, afore winnin frame three efter Wilson missed a pot on the green.&lt;ref name=&quot;uYDTq&quot; /&gt; Wilson won frame fower, afore McGill won the next twa tae lead 5–1, wi the session endin 6–2 tae McGill.&lt;ref name=&quot;uYDTq&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rub1l&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan leads Selby at Crucible |work=BBC Sport |date=12 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53754081 |archive-date=13 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813074801/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53754081 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the seicont session, Wilson won three o the next fower frames includin a century brak tae trail 5–7.&lt;ref name=&quot;aHsYV&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kyren Wilson produces brilliant fightback to level with Anthony McGill at Warld Championship |work=Eurosport |date=13 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/kyren-wilson-performs-brilliant-fightback-to-level-with-anthony-mcgill_sto7836258/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; McGill won frame 13, but Wilson won the final three frames o the seicont session wi three braks ower 75 tae tie the match 8–8.&lt;ref name=&quot;aHsYV&quot; /&gt; Wilson made braks of 99 and 116 tae lead 13–10, but the final frame o the third session wis won bi McGill.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan trails Selby in semi-final |work=BBC Sport |date=13 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53765287 |archive-date=13 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813164212/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53765287 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Kyren Wilson PHC 2018-4.jpg|thumb|alt=Wilson playin a shot wi a rest|[[Kyren Wilson]] reached his first Warld Championship final efter winnin a 62-minute {{cuegloss|deciding frame}} against [[Anthony McGill]].]]
McGill made his first twa century braks o the tournament in the final session tae tie the match at 14–14, an then teuk the lead at 16–15.&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Wils&quot; /&gt; The penultimate frame saw McGill be trapped in a snooker, an leave the final reid available and Wilson made a {{cuegloss|clearance}} tae set a deciding frame.&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Wils&quot; /&gt; In the final frame, McGill wis snookered behind the yellae ball, an conceded 35 penalty pynts, missing the shot on aicht occasions.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._Wils&quot; /&gt; This wis eneuch pynts for McGill tae require snookers tae remain in the competeetion. In the next shot, Wilson played a safety shot, an went {{cuegloss|in-off}} allouin McGill eneuch pynts tae be able tae win.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._Wils&quot; /&gt; Wi the final reid ball bein slichtly abuin the middle pocket, baith players missed shots frae the {{cuegloss|baulk}} cushion, afore McGill potted the reid, but ran oot of poseetion.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._Wils&quot; /&gt; Wilson then {{cuegloss|fluke|fluked}} the green, which won the match.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._Wils&quot; /&gt;

The frame lasted 62 minutes and set a new record for the maist combined pynts in a single frame at the Crucible, 103–83.&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Wils&quot; /&gt; Efter fluking the match winnin ball, Wilson became emotional, an apologised tae McGill. He later commented &quot;I didn't want it to end that way, I have dreamed of this situation and I didn't want to win the match on a fluke.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Wils&quot; /&gt; McGill commented &quot;I feel as if the match was stolen from me – not by Kyren [Wilson] but by the snooker gods&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;wst._Wils&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Wilson Beats McGill In Gripping Decider |work=Warld Snooker |date=14 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/wilson-beats-mcgill-in-gripping-decider/}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[1991 Warld Snooker Championship|1991]] champion [[John Parrott]] commented on the deciding frame, saying &quot;I have never, in 44 years of playing this wonderful game, seen a frame of snooker like that. It was unbelievable.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._Wils&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Wilson beats McGill in remarkable finish |last=Hafez |first=Shamoon |work=BBC Sport |date=14 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53774171 |archive-date=14 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814212606/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53774171 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Ronnie O’Sullivan at Snooker German Masters (DerHexer) 2015-02-06 07.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Ronnie O'Sullivan chalking his cue|[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] teuk the last three frames of his semi-final against [[Mark Selby]], tae win the match 17–16.]]
The seicont semi-final wis atween Mark Selby and Ronnie O'Sullivan. O'Sullivan won fower o the first five frames, despite thare bein a lot of {{cuegloss|kick|kicks}} wi the balls bein replaced tae counteract the nummer of bad contacts.&lt;ref name=&quot;rub1l&quot; /&gt; Selby trailed 1–5, but won the final twa frames o the session tae trail 3–5. Sax-time champion [[Steve Davis]] commented that Selby wad hae considered the session tae hae been won efter claiming the final twa frames.&lt;ref name=&quot;rub1l&quot; /&gt; Selby then won the next fower frames o the match tae lead 7–5, afore winnin twa mair frames tae win the seicont session 6–2.&lt;ref name=&quot;skys_Mark&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mark Selby frustrates Ronnie O'Sullivan in Warld Snooker Championship semi-final |work=Sky Sports |date=13 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12048751/mark-selby-frustrates-ronnie-osullivan-in-world-snooker-championship-semi-final |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112937/https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12048751/mark-selby-frustrates-ronnie-osullivan-in-world-snooker-championship-semi-final |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the final frame o the session, O'Sullivan rasped his haund on the table in frustration afore Selby made a brak of 76.&lt;ref name=&quot;skys_Mark&quot; /&gt; Selby teuk frame 17 wi a brak of 97, an shared the first fower frames tae lead 11–9. Selby then won the next frame tae lead 13–9, haein won 12 oot of 16 frames.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ne5AQ&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan Stays In Touch With Selby |work=Warld Snooker |date=14 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://wst.tv/osullivan-stays-in-touch-with-selby/}}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan then won the last twa frames o the session.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ne5AQ&quot; /&gt; He an aw won the next twa frames o the final session, includin a brak of 114, the first century o the match.&lt;ref name=&quot;MhwtF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Warld Championship snooker: Ronnie O'Sullivan beats Mark Selby 17–16 at the Crucible |last=Mann |first=Richard |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |date=15 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/ronnie-prevails-after-epic-comeback/183222 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819112937/https://www.sportinglife.com/snooker/news/ronnie-prevails-after-epic-comeback/183222 |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Selby won the next twa frames tae lead 16–14, wi O'Sullivan playin attacking shots and &quot;going for broke&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;MhwtF&quot; /&gt; O'Sullivan then won the next twa frames wi braks of 138 and 71 tae an aw gang tae a deciding frame.&lt;ref name=&quot;jLXWi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan beats Selby to reach final |last=Hafez |first=Shamoon |work=BBC Sport |date=14 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53781664}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the decider, O'Sullivan made a {{cuegloss|long pot}}, but broke doun efter missing a shot on the green. Selby cleared until the final reid, an a series of safety shots war played, wi O'Sullivan playin controlled shots that he haed previously nae, an potted match ball efter Selby failed tae escape a snooker.&lt;ref name=&quot;MhwtF&quot; /&gt;

Post-match, Selby said &quot;I felt he was being a bit disrespectful to me and the game, not many players would just get down and hit them at 100 mph when you put them in a snooker. Some would look to work it out or put you in trouble. It just felt like he was doing that throughout the match and I thought it was a bit disrespectful to me and the game&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Selby calls out 'disrespectful' O'Sullivan after final-frame Crucible thriller |publisher=Yahoo! Sport |date=14 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/selby-calls-out-disrespectful-o-sullivan-after-finalframe-crucible-thriller-225319006.html?guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&amp;guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAH_qWR7OT48EZgrYQasyWDf0xKJIJ6n-mh0D_9SXa0AHYFS9AYaD1joM9hLplDAu1t9BemrQS2Kz5LRg4oJTj4gisOh8QpxX5gvFkIn4IlBPZ8n1zJgc4c3T90xp4_-vO-RLkLlgaRzZbY4ikFHZ-Q_aFp-wIJ3oBp2Fcvqadx-T&amp;_guc_consent_skip=1597529249}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan was disrespectful – Selby |work=BBC Sport |date=14 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/av/snooker/53787684}}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan, houiver, responded tae aw questions statin that his {{cuegloss|cue action}} wis poor, an that he haed been strugglin tae play during the tournament.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan seeks &quot;Good Cue Action&quot; from Amazon after jaw-dropping victory against Selby {{!}} More sports News |last=Kothari |first=Sourav |work=The Times of India |date=15 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/snooker/billiards/osullivan-seeks-good-cue-action-from-amazon-after-jaw-dropping-victory-against-selby/articleshow/77563660.cms }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='I'm 44 with no cue action!' – Ronnie O'Sullivan reflects on semi-final win against Mark Selby |last=Dunn |first=Carie |work=Eurosport UK |date=14 August 2020 |access-date=15 August 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/snooker/world-championship/2019-2020/i-m-44-with-no-cue-action-ronnie-o-sullivan-reflects-on-semi-final-win-against-mark-selby_sto7838443/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; He an aw stated that his shot choice wis due tae nae bein able tae control shots oot of snookers the same as Selby.&lt;ref name=&quot;jLXWi&quot; /&gt;

===Final===
[[File:Marcel Eckardt at Snooker German Masters (DerHexer) 2013-01-30 01.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Marcel Eckardt|German referee [[Marcel Eckardt]] officiated his first Warld Championship final.]]
The final wis played on 15 and 16 August as a best-of-35-frames match, held ower fower sessions.&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt; German referee [[Marcel Eckardt]] teuk charge of his first warld championship final.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://wst.tv/eckardt-to-referee-crucible-final/ |title=Eckardt To Referee Crucible Final |publisher=Warld Snooker |date=29 July 2020 |access-date=29 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728134533/https://wst.tv/eckardt-to-referee-crucible-final/ |archive-date=28 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The final wis held atween five-time champion Ronnie O'Sullivan and first-time finalist Kyren Wilson.&lt;ref name=&quot;final1standard&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan takes 6–2 lead over Wilson in warld snooker final |author=Doyle, Tom |work=London Evening Standard |date=15 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/world-snooker-championship-final-2020-ronnie-osullivan-vs-kyren-wilson-score-a4525766.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan haed won fower o the sax previous meetins atween the twa players, houiver Wilson haed won thair latest encounter in the semi-finals o the [[2020 Welsh Open (snooker)|2020 Welsh Open]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Watch: Warld Snooker Championship final – O'Sullivan leads Wilson |author=Sutcliffe, Steve |work=BBC Sport |date=16 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/live/snooker/50283709 |quote=Ronnie O'Sullivan has won four of his six meetings with Kyren Wilson, though he did lose their last meeting back in February at the Welsh Open.}}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan teuk a 3–1 lead in the first session efter misses bi Wilson.&lt;ref name=&quot;final1standard&quot; /&gt; He then left the pink ball ower the pocket in frame five tae allou Wilson tae win, an get back tae within a single frame.&lt;ref name=&quot;final1standard&quot; /&gt; O'Sullivan won the next three frames, includin the first century brak o the match in frame sax tae lead 6–2 efter the first session.&lt;ref name=&quot;final1standard&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._O'Su&quot; /&gt; BBC pundit Stephen Hendry commented &quot;I tend to think the match is over. I hope I'm wrong, but I think 6–2 is too far for Kyren to come back from&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Stephen Hendry sees nothing but a Ronnie O'Sullivan win after opening session |work=shropshirestar.com |date=15 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.shropshirestar.com/sport/uk-sports/2020/08/15/stephen-hendry-sees-nothing-but-a-ronnie-osullivan-win-after-opening-session/ |archive-date=2020-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831182943/https://www.shropshirestar.com/sport/uk-sports/2020/08/15/stephen-hendry-sees-nothing-but-a-ronnie-osullivan-win-after-opening-session/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wilson made a brak of 53 in frame nine, but made a tactical error tae lose the frame, afore O'Sullivan won the next frame tae lead 8–2.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._O'Su&quot; /&gt; Trailing bi sax, Wilson won three frames wi braks of 92, 50 and 58.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._O'Su&quot; /&gt; In frame 15, Wilson went intae the {{cuegloss|pack}}, but inadvertently pocketed a reid ball, allouin O'Sullivan tae win the frame. Wilson made a century brak in the next frame, but missed a reid in the final frame o the session tae trail 7–10 overnight.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._O'Su&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan leads Wilson in Crucible final |author=Hafez, Shamoon |work=BBC Sport |date=15 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53792731}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[1997 Warld Snooker Championship|1997]] winner [[Ken Doherty]] commented that the missed reid wis a missed opportunity for Wilson, whilst O'Sullivan wad be &quot;over the moon&quot;, tae anly lose five frames in the session.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc._O'Su&quot;/&gt; Sax-time champion [[Steve Davis]] commented that his body leid during the session suggestit that O'Sullivan wis &quot;struggling&quot;, and &quot;deteriorating&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |title='He's struggling out there' – Pundits on O'Sullivan's 'deteriorating' body language |work=BBC Sport |date=15 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/av/snooker/53795669 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wilson made a lang pot in frame 18, an made a brak of 73.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan beats Kyren Wilson to win Warld Snooker Championship final – as it happened |last=Harris |first=Daniel |work=The Guardian |date=16 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2020/aug/16/ronnie-osullivan-v-kyren-wilson-world-snooker-championship-final-live |archive-date=18 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818055647/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2020/aug/16/ronnie-osullivan-v-kyren-wilson-world-snooker-championship-final-live |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; O'Sullivan then responded bi winnin the next seiven frames in a row tae lead 17–8 going intae the final session.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan one frame from sixth title |author=Hafez, Shamoon |work=BBC Sport |date=16 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53795792 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The final session lasted anly 11 minutes and featurt a single frame, as O'Sullivan won the match 18–8 wi a brak of 96.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC O'Sullivan 6th&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=O'Sullivan wins sixth warld title |author=Hafez, Shamoon |work=BBC Sport |date=16 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53795792 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The win wis O'Sullivan's saxt and his 37th ranking event veectory.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC O'Sullivan 6th&quot; /&gt; O'Sullivan suggestit that he did nae think his form wis good eneuch tae win the event: &quot;There was a part of me that decided that I didn't play enough – and I still probably don't play enough – to justify winning a tournament of this stature&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan wins sixth Warld Snooker Championship at Crucible |work=Sky Sports |date=17 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12050595/ronnie-osullivan-wins-sixth-world-snooker-championship-at-crucible |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819113111/https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/snooker/news/12243/12050595/ronnie-osullivan-wins-sixth-world-snooker-championship-at-crucible |archive-date=2020-08-19 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ronnie O'Sullivan outclasses Kyren Wilson to win sixth warld snooker title |last=Bower |first=Aaron |work=The Guardian |date=16 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/aug/16/ronnie-osullivan-outclasses-kyren-wilson-to-win-sixth-world-snooker-title |archive-date=16 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200816195202/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/aug/16/ronnie-osullivan-outclasses-kyren-wilson-to-win-sixth-world-snooker-title |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Main draw ==
Numbers gien in brackets efter players' names show the seedings for the tap 16 players in the competeetion. Players in bold denote match winners.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Full Draw – Betfred World Championship 2020 {{!}} Warld Snooker Live Scores |work=livescores.warldsnookerdata.com |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Draw/FullDraw/14139/betfred-world-championship-2020 |archive-date=2020-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831182944/http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Draw/FullDraw/14139/betfred-world-championship-2020 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Warld Championship schedule and results |work=BBC Sport |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/snooker/53407612}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;snoo_Resu&quot; /&gt;

{{32TeamBracket-WSC2-v2
&lt;!--Date-Place/Player 1/Score 1/Player 2/Score 2 --&gt;
&lt;!-- LAST 32 --&gt;
&lt;!--Match1 --&gt;
|31 July|'''{{flagathlete|[[Judd Trump]]|ENG}} (1)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Tom Ford (snooker player)|Tom Ford]]|ENG}}|8
&lt;!--Match2 --&gt;
|2 &amp; 3 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[Yan Bingtao]]|CHN}} (16)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Elliot Slessor]]|ENG}}|7
&lt;!--Match3 --&gt;
|4 &amp; 5 August|{{flagathlete|[[Stephen Maguire]]|SCO}} (9)|3 |'''{{flagathlete|[[Martin Gould]]|ENG}}'''|'''10'''
&lt;!--Match4 --&gt;
|31 July &amp; 1 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[Kyren Wilson]]|ENG}} (8)'''|'''w/o''' |{{flagathlete|[[Anthony Hamilton (snooker player)|Anthony Hamilton]]|ENG}}|w/d
&lt;!--Match5 --&gt;
|1 &amp; 2 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[John Higgins]]|SCO}} (5)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Matthew Stevens]]|WAL}}|5
&lt;!--Match6 --&gt;
|1 &amp; 2 August|{{flagathlete|[[David Gilbert (snooker player)|David Gilbert]]|ENG}} (12)|8 |'''{{flagathlete|[[Kurt Maflin]]|NOR}}|'''10'''
&lt;!--Match7 --&gt;
|3 August|{{flagathlete|[[Jack Lisowski]]|ENG}} (13)|9 |'''{{flagathlete|[[Anthony McGill]]|SCO}}'''|'''10'''
&lt;!--Match8 --&gt;
|4 August|{{flagathlete|[[Mark Allen (snooker player)|Mark Allen]]|NIR}} (4)|8 |'''{{flagathlete|[[Jamie Rhys Clarke|Jamie Clarke]]|WAL}}'''|'''10'''
&lt;!--Match9 --&gt;
|31 July &amp; 1 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[Mark Williams (snooker player)|Mark Williams]]|WAL}} (3)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Alan McManus]]|SCO}}|5
&lt;!--Match10 --&gt;
|31 July &amp; 1 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[Stuart Bingham]]|ENG}} (14)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Ashley Carty]]|ENG}}|7
&lt;!--Match11 --&gt;
|31 July &amp; 1 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[Ding Junhui]]|CHN}} (11)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Mark King (snooker player)|Mark King]]|ENG}}|9
&lt;!--Match12 --&gt;
|2 &amp; 3 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]]|ENG}} (6)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Thepchaiya Un-Nooh|Thepchaiya {{nowrap|Un-Nooh}}]]|THA}}|1
&lt;!--Match13 --&gt;
|3 &amp; 4 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[Mark Selby]]|ENG}} (7)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Jordan Brown (snooker player)|Jordan Brown]]|NIR}}|6
&lt;!--Match14 --&gt;
|3 &amp; 4 August|{{flagathlete|[[Shaun Murphy]]|ENG}} (10)|4 |'''{{flagathlete|[[Noppon Saengkham]]|THA}}'''|'''10'''
&lt;!--Match15 --&gt;
|4 &amp; 5 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[Barry Hawkins]]|ENG}} (15)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Alexander Ursenbacher]]|SUI}}|2
&lt;!--Match16 --&gt;
|2 August|'''{{flagathlete|[[Neil Robertson]]|AUS}} (2)'''|'''10''' |{{flagathlete|[[Liang Wenbo]]|CHN}}|5
&lt;!-- LAST 16 --&gt;
&lt;!--Match1 --&gt;
|6 &amp; 7 August|{{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Judd Trump]] (1)'''|'''13''' |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Yan Bingtao]] (16)|11
&lt;!--Match2 --&gt;
|8 &amp; 9 August|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Martin Gould]]|9 |{{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Kyren Wilson]] (8)'''|'''13'''
&lt;!--Match3 --&gt;
|5 &amp; 6 August|{{flagicon|SCO}} [[John Higgins]] (5)|11 |{{flagicon|NOR}} '''[[Kurt Maflin]]'''|'''13'''
&lt;!--Match4 --&gt;
|7, 8 &amp; 9 August|{{flagicon|SCO}} '''[[Anthony McGill]]'''|'''13''' |{{flagicon|WAL}} [[Jamie Rhys Clarke|Jamie Clarke]]|12
&lt;!--Match5 --&gt;
|5, 6 &amp; 7 August|{{flagicon|WAL}} '''[[Mark Williams (snooker player)|Mark Williams]] (3)'''|'''13''' |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Stuart Bingham]] (14)|11
&lt;!--Match6 --&gt;
|7, 8 &amp; 9 August|{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Ding Junhui]] (11)|10 |{{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] (6)'''|'''13'''
&lt;!--Match7 --&gt;
|6 &amp; 7 August|{{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Mark Selby]] (7)'''|'''13''' |{{flagicon|THA}} [[Noppon Saengkham]]|12
&lt;!--Match8 --&gt;
|8 &amp; 9 August|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Barry Hawkins]] (15)|9 |{{flagicon|AUS}} '''[[Neil Robertson]] (2)'''|'''13'''
&lt;!-- QUARTER-FINALS --&gt;
&lt;!--Match1 --&gt;
|10 &amp; 11 August|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Judd Trump]] (1)|9 |{{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Kyren Wilson]] (8)'''|'''13'''
&lt;!--Match2 --&gt;
|10 &amp; 11 August|{{flagicon|NOR}} [[Kurt Maflin]]|10 |{{flagicon|SCO}} '''[[Anthony McGill]]'''|'''13'''
&lt;!--Match3 --&gt;
|10 &amp; 11 August|{{flagicon|WAL}} [[Mark Williams (snooker player)|Mark Williams]] (3)|10 |{{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] (6)'''|'''13'''
&lt;!--Match4 --&gt;
|10 &amp; 11 August|{{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Mark Selby]] (7)'''|'''13''' |{{flagicon|AUS}} [[Neil Robertson]] (2)|7
&lt;!-- SEMI-FINALS --&gt;
&lt;!--Match1 --&gt;
|12, 13 &amp; 14 August|{{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Kyren Wilson]] (8)'''|'''17''' |{{flagicon|SCO}} [[Anthony McGill]]|16
&lt;!--Match2 --&gt;
|12, 13 &amp; 14 August|{{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] (6)'''|'''17''' |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Mark Selby]] (7)|16
&lt;!-- FINAL --&gt;
|(Best of 35 frames) [[Crucible Theatre]], [[Sheffield]], 15 &amp; 16 August.&lt;br/&gt; Referee: [[Marcel Eckardt]]
| [[Kyren Wilson]] (8)&lt;br/&gt;{{ENG}}
| 8–'''18'''
| '''[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] (6)'''&lt;br/&gt;{{ENG}}
| 2–'''6'''
| '''5'''–4 (7–'''10''')
| 1–'''7''' (8–'''17''')
| 0–'''1''' (8–'''18''')
|100
|'''106'''
|''1''
|''1''
|7
|'''12'''
|{{flagicon|ENG}} '''Ronnie O'Sullivan''' wins the 2020 [[Betfred]] [[Warld Snooker Championship]].
&lt;!-- Frame header info --&gt;
|player1 = Wilson
|player2 = O'Sullivan

|f1t=0
|f2t='''62'''{{gc|frame winner}}
|f3t=0
|f4t=23
|f5t='''67'''{{gc|frame winner}} (63)
|f6t=9
|f7t=17
|f8t=49
|f9t=53 (53)
|f10t=19
|f11t='''92'''{{gc|frame winner}} (92)
|f12t='''79'''{{gc|frame winner}} (50)
|f13t='''82'''{{gc|frame winner}}
|f14t='''86'''{{gc|frame winner}} (58)
|f15t=17
|f16t='''101'''{{gc|frame winner}} (100)
|f17t=60
|f18t='''74'''{{gc|frame winner}} (73)
|f19t=15
|f20t=33
|f21t=17
|f22t=12
|f23t=28
|f24t=15
|f25t=7
|f26t=1
|f27t=N/A
|f28t=N/A
|f29t=N/A
|f30t=N/A
|f31t=N/A
|f32t=N/A
|f33t=N/A
|f34t=N/A
|f35t=N/A
|f1b='''81'''{{gc|frame winner}} (56)
|f2b=55
|f3b='''80'''{{gc|frame winner}} (80)
|f4b='''75'''{{gc|frame winner}} (75)
|f5b=13
|f6b='''69'''{{gc|frame winner}}
|f7b='''106'''{{gc|frame winner}} (106)
|f8b='''60'''{{gc|frame winner}}
|f9b='''61'''{{gc|frame winner}}
|f10b='''77'''{{gc|frame winner}} (51)
|f11b=0
|f12b=60
|f13b=25
|f14b=0
|f15b='''82'''{{gc|frame winner}}
|f16b=10
|f17b='''68'''{{gc|frame winner}}
|f18b=0
|f19b='''113'''{{gc|frame winner}} (53)
|f20b='''109'''{{gc|frame winner}} (61)
|f21b='''88'''{{gc|frame winner}} (57)
|f22b='''65'''{{gc|frame winner}} (60)
|f23b='''71'''{{gc|frame winner}} (71)
|f24b='''72'''{{gc|frame winner}} (72)
|f25b='''69'''{{gc|frame winner}}
|f26b='''104'''{{gc|frame winner}} (96)
|f27b=N/A
|f28b=N/A
|f29b=N/A
|f30b=N/A
|f31b=N/A
|f32b=N/A
|f33b=N/A
|f34b=N/A
|f35b=N/A
}}

== Qualifyin ==
[[File:English Institute of Sport Sheffield.png|thumb|right|The qualifyin roonds war played at the [[English Institute of Sport, Sheffield|English Institute of Sport]] in [[Sheffield]].]]
Qualifyin for the 2020 Warld Snooker Championship teuk place frae 21 tae 28 Julie 2020 at the [[English Institute of Sport, Sheffield|English Institute of Sport]] in Sheffield, uisin an aicht-table set-up.&lt;ref name=&quot;Qdraw&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=2020 Betfred World Championship Qualifiers Draw |url=https://wst.tv/2020-betfred-world-championship-qualifiers-draw/ |website=Warld Snooker |accessdate=10 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711022103/https://wst.tv/2020-betfred-world-championship-qualifiers-draw/ |archive-date=11 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Betfred World Championship 2020 Qualifiers _ Sessions |url=http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Sessions/Tournament/14141/betfred-world-championship-2020-qualifiers |website=Warld Snooker |accessdate=11 July 2020 |archive-date=2020-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715141726/http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Sessions/Tournament/14141/betfred-world-championship-2020-qualifiers |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Stairtin wi a pool of 128 players, the qualifyin competeetion consisted of fower knock-oot roonds. Oreeginally organised for aw matches tae be best of 19 frames, the first three roonds war played as best of 11 frames, wi anly the final roond bein played as best of 19.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Dates and format confirmed for Warld Snooker Championship Qualifiers |work=livesnooker.com |access-date=27 June 2020 |url=https://www.livesnooker.com/category/qualifiers/world-championship-qualifiers/world-snooker-championship-qualifiers-confirmed/}}&lt;/ref&gt; The 16 winners o the fowert-roond matches progressed tae the main stage o the tournament at the Crucible Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://wst.tv/eis-sheffield-to-host-the-qualifying-rounds-for-the-betfred-world-championship/ |title=EIS Sheffield To Host The Qualifyin Rounds For The Betfred Warld Championship |work=Warld Professional Billiards and Snooker Association |date=16 June 2020 |accessdate=16 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616160009/https://wst.tv/eis-sheffield-to-host-the-qualifying-rounds-for-the-betfred-world-championship/ |archive-date=16 June 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;newwarld&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.wpbsa.com/a-new-world/ |title=A New Warld |work=Warld Professional Billiards and Snooker Association |date=15 February 2020 |accessdate=11 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217023715/https://www.wpbsa.com/a-new-world/ |archive-date=17 February 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The 128 qualifiers included 94 tour players ranked ootside o the tap 16, who war jynt bi 34 wildcard amateur players.&lt;ref name=&quot;criteria&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=World Championship 2020: Updated WPBSA Qualifiers |url=https://wpbsa.com/world-championship-2020-updated-wpbsa-qualifiers/ |publisher=WPBSA |accessdate=9 July 2020 |date=9 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709212750/https://wpbsa.com/world-championship-2020-updated-wpbsa-qualifiers/ |archive-date=9 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Betfred Warld Championship list of players |url=https://wst.tv/betfred-world-championship-list-of-players/ |website=wst.tv |accessdate=9 July 2020 |date=9 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709225923/https://wst.tv/betfred-world-championship-list-of-players/ |archive-date=9 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The amateur players war selected as follows:&lt;ref name=&quot;criteria&quot; /&gt;
* WSF Open semi-finalists: [[Ashley Hugill]], [[Iulian Boiko]], [[Dylan Emery]], [[Ross Muir]]
* [[Challenge Tour 2019/2020]] – top ranked player: [[Lukas Kleckers]]
* WSF Junior Open semi-finalists: [[Sean Maddocks]], [[Aaron Hill (snooker player)|Aaron Hill]], [[Wu Yize]]
* Warld Weemen's Snooker Tour – top ranked player: [[Reanne Evans]]
* [[EBSA European Snooker Championship]] winner: [[Andrew Pagett]]
* [[EBSA European Under-21 Snooker Championships|EBSA European Under-21 Snooker Championship]] semi-finalists: [[Hayden Staniland]], [[Ben Mertens]], [[Brian Ochoiski]]
* [[EBSA European Under-18 Snooker Championships|EBSA European Under-18 Snooker Championship]] semi-finalist: [[Connor Benzey]]
* Challenge Tour 2019/2020 Play-off competitors: [[Dean Young (snooker player)|Dean Young]], [[Adam Duffy]], [[Oliver Brown (snooker player)|Oliver Brown]], [[Allan Taylor (snooker player)|Allan Taylor]], [[Patrick Whelan (snooker player)|Patrick Whelan]], [[Rory McLeod (snooker player)|Rory McLeod]], [[Jake Nicholson (snooker player)|Jake Nicholson]], [[Tyler Rees]]
* Q School Order of Merit: [[Ross Bulman]], [[Ian Preece]], [[Paul Davison]], [[Hamza Akbar]], [[Chae Ross]], [[Christopher Keogan]], [[Robin Hull]], [[Sydney Wilson]], [[Daniel Womersley]]
* Austrian naitional champion: [[Florian Nüßle]]
* Pols naitional champion: [[Antoni Kowalski]]
* Roushie naitional champion: [[Ivan Kakovskii]]

A tot of 17 professional players – 13 frae mainland Cheenae – chose nae tae participate at the event due tae COVID-19 safety concerns: [[Zhou Yuelong]], [[Xiao Guodong]], [[Zhao Xintong]], [[Li Hang (snooker player)|Li Hang]], [[Yuan Sijun]], [[Marco Fu]], [[Mei Xiwen]], [[Zhang Anda]], [[James Wattana]], [[Zhang Jiankang]], [[Chang Bingyu]], [[Andy Lee (snooker player)|Andy Lee]], [[Chen Zifan]], [[Xu Si]], [[Bai Langning]], [[Lei Peifan]] and [[Steve Mifsud]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zhou Yuelong and Marco Fu among players to reject Warld Championships place |work=BT.com |access-date=13 July 2020 |url=https://www.bt.com/sport/news/zhou-yuelong-and-marco-fu-among-players-to-reject-world-championships-place |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714010839/https://www.bt.com/sport/news/zhou-yuelong-and-marco-fu-among-players-to-reject-world-championships-place |archive-date=14 July 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[2002 Warld Snooker Championship|2002]] champion [[Peter Ebdon]] vacated his qualifyin poseetion efter retiring in Apryle 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='Far too risky': Peter Ebdon retires from professional snooker due to injury |agency=PA Media |date=30 April 2020 |work=The Guardian |access-date=17 July 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/apr/30/peter-ebdon-retires-from-professional-snooker-due-to-injury |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607024611/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/apr/30/peter-ebdon-retires-from-professional-snooker-due-to-injury |archive-date=7 June 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; An aw, twa invited players frae the Warld Weemen's Snooker Tour, [[Ng On-yee]] and [[Nutcharut Wongharuthai]], declined tae participate due tae COVID-19 safety concerns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='Several' players withdraw from the Warld Championship |publisher=Eurosport |access-date=13 July 2020 |url=https://www.eurosport.com/snooker/several-players-withdraw-from-world-snooker-championship_sto7794171/story.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The qualifyin draw wis released on 10 Julie 2020.&lt;ref name=&quot;Qdraw&quot; /&gt; The first qualifyin roond consisted of 64 players. Professional tour players ranked 81–112 war seedit 65–96, wi the remainin tour players and invited amateurs bein unseedit. The seicont qualifyin roond consisted of players seedit 33–64 against first roond winners. The third qualifyin roond consisted of players seedit 1–32 against seicont roond winners. The fowert qualifyin roond war played oot atween the 32 third roond winners.&lt;ref name=&quot;newwarld&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- This also needs some dates --&gt;

=== Qualifyin draw ===
The results frae qualifyin are shawn ablo. Players in bold denote match winners.&lt;ref name=&quot;snoo_Resu&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Results (World Championship 2020) - snooker.org |last=Årdalen |first=Hermund |work=snooker.org |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=http://www.snooker.org/res/index.asp?template=22&amp;event=842}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{64Teamx3RoundAnd32TeamX1RoundBracket
| RD1 = Round 1&lt;br /&gt;Best of 11 frames
| RD2 = Round 2&lt;br /&gt;Best of 11 frames
| RD3 = Round 3&lt;br /&gt;Best of 11 frames
| RD4 = Round 4&lt;br /&gt;Best of 19 frames

| RD1-seed01=65
| RD1-team01='''{{flagathlete|[[Mitchell Mann]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score01='''6'''
| RD1-seed02=
| RD1-team02={{flagathlete|[[Paul Davison]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score02=2

| RD1-seed03=96
| RD1-team03='''{{flagathlete|[[Lukas Kleckers]]|GER}}'''
| RD1-score03='''w/o'''
| RD1-seed04=
| RD1-team04={{flagathlete|[[Sydney Wilson]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score04=w/d

| RD1-seed05=80
| RD1-team05={{flagathlete|[[Billy Joe Castle]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score05=5
| RD1-seed06=
| RD1-team06='''{{flagathlete|[[Rory McLeod (snooker player)|Rory McLeod]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score06='''6'''

| RD1-seed07=81
| RD1-team07='''{{flagathlete|[[Barry Pinches]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score07='''6'''
| RD1-seed08=
| RD1-team08={{flagathlete|[[Dean Young (snooker player)|Dean Young]]|SCO}}
| RD1-score08=0

| RD1-seed09=88
| RD1-team09='''{{flagathlete|[[Peter Lines]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score09='''6'''
| RD1-seed10=
| RD1-team10={{flagathlete|[[Connor Benzey]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score10=1

| RD1-seed11=73
| RD1-team11='''{{flagathlete|[[Gerard Greene]]|NIR}}'''
| RD1-score11='''6'''
| RD1-seed12=
| RD1-team12={{flagathlete|[[Brian Ochoiski]]|FRA}}
| RD1-score12=1

| RD1-seed13=89
| RD1-team13='''{{flagathlete|[[Fraser Patrick]]|SCO}}'''
| RD1-score13='''6'''
| RD1-seed14=
| RD1-team14={{flagathlete|[[Sean Maddocks]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score14=1

| RD1-seed15=72
| RD1-team15={{nowrap|'''{{flagathlete|[[Thor Chuan Leong]]|MAS}}'''}}
| RD1-score15='''6'''
| RD1-seed16=
| RD1-team16={{flagathlete|[[Iulian Boiko]]|UKR}}
| RD1-score16=3

| RD1-seed17=69
| RD1-team17='''{{flagathlete|[[Hammad Miah]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score17='''6'''
| RD1-seed18=
| RD1-team18={{flagathlete|[[Florian Nüßle]]|AUT}}
| RD1-score18=5

| RD1-seed19=92
| RD1-team19='''{{flagathlete|[[Amine Amiri]]|MAR}}'''
| RD1-score19='''w/o'''
| RD1-seed20=
| RD1-team20={{flagathlete|[[Hamza Akbar]]|PAK}}
| RD1-score20=w/d

| RD1-seed21=76
| RD1-team21={{flagathlete|[[Igor Figueiredo]]|BRA}}
| RD1-score21=5
| RD1-seed22=
| RD1-team22='''{{flagathlete|[[Ian Preece]]|WAL}}'''
| RD1-score22='''6'''

| RD1-seed23=85
| RD1-team23={{nowrap|1='''{{flagathlete|[[Simon Lichtenberg]]|GER}}'''}}
| RD1-score23='''6'''
| RD1-seed24=
| RD1-team24={{flagathlete|[[Adam Duffy]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score24=2

| RD1-seed25=84
| RD1-team25={{flagathlete|[[Brandon Sargeant]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score25=2
| RD1-seed26=
| RD1-team26='''{{flagathlete|[[Jake Nicholson (snooker player)|Jake Nicholson]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score26='''6'''

| RD1-seed27=77
| RD1-team27={{flagathlete|[[James Cahill (snooker player)|James Cahill]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score27=2
| RD1-seed28=
| RD1-team28='''{{flagathlete|[[Ben Mertens]]|BEL}}'''
| RD1-score28='''6'''

| RD1-seed29=93
| RD1-team29='''{{flagathlete|[[Alex Borg]]|MLT}}'''
| RD1-score29='''6'''
| RD1-seed30=
| RD1-team30={{flagathlete|[[Patrick Whelan (snooker player)|Patrick Whelan]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score30=4

| RD1-seed31=68
| RD1-team31='''{{flagathlete|[[Fan Zhengyi]]|CHN}}'''
| RD1-score31='''6'''
| RD1-seed32=
| RD1-team32={{flagathlete|[[Dylan Emery]]|WAL}}
| RD1-score32=4

| RD1-seed33=67
| RD1-team33='''{{flagathlete|[[Chen Feilong]]|CHN}}'''
| RD1-score33='''6'''
| RD1-seed34=
| RD1-team34={{flagathlete|[[Aaron Hill (snooker player)|Aaron Hill]]|IRL}}
| RD1-score34=2

| RD1-seed35=94
| RD1-team35={{flagathlete|[[Riley Parsons]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score35=1
| RD1-seed36=
| RD1-team36='''{{flagathlete|[[Hayden Staniland]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score36='''6'''

| RD1-seed37=78
| RD1-team37='''{{flagathlete|[[Kacper Filipiak]]|POL}}'''
| RD1-score37='''6'''
| RD1-seed38=
| RD1-team38={{flagathlete|[[Andrew Pagett]]|WAL}}
| RD1-score38=3

| RD1-seed39=83
| RD1-team39={{flagathlete|[[David Lilley (snooker player)|David Lilley]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score39=4
| RD1-seed40=
| RD1-team40='''{{flagathlete|[[Antoni Kowalski]]|POL}}'''
| RD1-score40='''6'''

| RD1-seed41=86
| RD1-team41='''{{flagathlete|[[Jamie O'Neill (snooker player)|Jamie O'Neill]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score41='''6'''
| RD1-seed42=
| RD1-team42={{flagathlete|[[Oliver Brown (snooker player)|Oliver Brown]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score42=5

| RD1-seed43=75
| RD1-team43='''{{flagathlete|[[Eden Sharav]]|ISR}}'''
| RD1-score43='''6'''
| RD1-seed44=
| RD1-team44={{flagathlete|[[Daniel Womersley]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score44=3

| RD1-seed45=91
| RD1-team45='''{{flagathlete|[[Andy Hicks]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score45='''6'''
| RD1-seed46=
| RD1-team46={{flagathlete|[[Reanne Evans]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score46=3

| RD1-seed47=70
| RD1-team47='''{{flagathlete|[[Jackson Page]]|WAL}}'''
| RD1-score47='''6'''
| RD1-seed48=
| RD1-team48={{flagathlete|[[Chae Ross]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score48=3

| RD1-seed49=71
| RD1-team49={{flagathlete|[[Si Jiahui]]|CHN}}
| RD1-score49=2
| RD1-seed50=
| RD1-team50='''{{flagathlete|[[Ross Muir]]|SCO}}'''
| RD1-score50='''6'''

| RD1-seed51=90
| RD1-team51='''{{flagathlete|[[Jimmy White]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score51='''6'''
| RD1-seed52=
| RD1-team52={{flagathlete|[[Ivan Kakovskii]]|RUS}}
| RD1-score52=3

| RD1-seed53=74
| RD1-team53={{flagathlete|[[Soheil Vahedi]]|IRN}}
| RD1-score53=1
| RD1-seed54=
| RD1-team54='''{{flagathlete|[[Allan Taylor (snooker player)|Allan Taylor]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score54='''6'''

| RD1-seed55=87
| RD1-team55='''{{flagathlete|[[Duane Jones (snooker player)|Duane Jones]]|WAL}}'''
| RD1-score55='''6'''
| RD1-seed56=
| RD1-team56={{nowrap|{{flagathlete|[[Christopher Keogan]]|ENG}}}} 
| RD1-score56=1

| RD1-seed57=82
| RD1-team57='''{{flagathlete|[[Rod Lawler]]|ENG}}'''
| RD1-score57='''6'''
| RD1-seed58=
| RD1-team58={{flagathlete|[[Ross Bulman]]|IRL}}
| RD1-score58=5

| RD1-seed59=79
| RD1-team59={{flagathlete|[[Adam Stefanow]]|POL}}
| RD1-score59=5
| RD1-seed60=
| RD1-team60='''{{flagathlete|[[Tyler Rees]]|WAL}}'''
| RD1-score60='''6'''

| RD1-seed61=95
| RD1-team61={{flagathlete|[[Ashley Hugill]]|ENG}}
| RD1-score61=4
| RD1-seed62=
| RD1-team62='''{{flagathlete|[[Wu Yize]]|CHN}}'''
| RD1-score62='''6'''

| RD1-seed63=66
| RD1-team63='''{{flagathlete|[[Kishan Hirani]]|WAL}}'''
| RD1-score63='''6'''
| RD1-seed64=
| RD1-team64={{flagathlete|[[Robin Hull]]|FIN}}
| RD1-score64=5

| RD2-seed01=64
| RD2-team01='''{{flagathlete|[[Jamie Rhys Clarke|Jamie Clarke]]|WAL}}'''
| RD2-score01='''6'''
| RD2-seed02=65
| RD2-team02={{flagathlete|[[Mitchell Mann]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score02=1

| RD2-seed03=33
| RD2-team03='''{{flagathlete|[[Sunny Akani]]|THA}}'''
| RD2-score03='''6'''
| RD2-seed04=96
| RD2-team04={{flagathlete|[[Lukas Kleckers]]|GER}}
| RD2-score04=2

| RD2-seed05=49
| RD2-team05='''{{flagathlete|[[Jordan Brown (snooker player)|Jordan Brown]]|NIR}}'''
| RD2-score05='''6'''
| RD2-seed06=
| RD2-team06={{flagathlete|[[Rory McLeod (snooker player)|Rory McLeod]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score06=1

| RD2-seed07=48
| RD2-team07={{flagathlete|[[Craig Steadman]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score07=5
| RD2-seed08=81
| RD2-team08='''{{flagathlete|[[Barry Pinches]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score08='''6'''

| RD2-seed09=41
| RD2-team09='''{{flagathlete|[[Luo Honghao]]|CHN}}'''
| RD2-score09='''6'''
| RD2-seed10=88
| RD2-team10={{flagathlete|[[Peter Lines]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score10=5

| RD2-seed11=56
| RD2-team11={{flagathlete|[[Oliver Lines]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score11=2
| RD2-seed12=73
| RD2-team12='''{{flagathlete|[[Gerard Greene]]|NIR}}'''
| RD2-score12='''6'''

| RD2-seed13=40
| RD2-team13='''{{flagathlete|[[Ken Doherty]]|IRL}}'''
| RD2-score13='''6'''
| RD2-seed14=89
| RD2-team14={{flagathlete|[[Fraser Patrick]]|SCO}}
| RD2-score14=4

| RD2-seed15=57
| RD2-team15='''{{flagathlete|[[Ian Burns (snooker player)|Ian Burns]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score15='''6'''
| RD2-seed16=72
| RD2-team16={{flagathlete|[[Thor Chuan Leong]]|MAS}}
| RD2-score16=2

| RD2-seed17=60
| RD2-team17='''{{flagathlete|[[David Grace (snooker player)|David Grace]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score17='''6'''
| RD2-seed18=69
| RD2-team18={{flagathlete|[[Hammad Miah]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score18=1

| RD2-seed19=37
| RD2-team19='''{{flagathlete|[[Martin Gould]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score19='''6'''
| RD2-seed20=92
| RD2-team20={{flagathlete|[[Amine Amiri]]|MAR}}
| RD2-score20=0

| RD2-seed21=53
| RD2-team21={{flagathlete|[[John Astley (snooker player)|John Astley]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score21=5
| RD2-seed22=
| RD2-team22='''{{flagathlete|[[Ian Preece]]|WAL}}'''
| RD2-score22='''6'''

| RD2-seed23=44
| RD2-team23='''{{flagathlete|[[Mark Joyce]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score23='''6'''
| RD2-seed24=85
| RD2-team24={{flagathlete|[[Simon Lichtenberg]]|GER}}
| RD2-score24=3

| RD2-seed25=45
| RD2-team25='''{{flagathlete|[[Jak Jones]]|WAL}}'''
| RD2-score25='''6'''
| RD2-seed26=
| RD2-team26={{flagathlete|[[Jake Nicholson (snooker player)|Jake Nicholson]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score26=2

| RD2-seed27=52
| RD2-team27='''{{flagathlete|[[Sam Baird]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score27='''6'''
| RD2-seed28=
| RD2-team28={{flagathlete|[[Ben Mertens]]|BEL}}
| RD2-score28=4

| RD2-seed29=36
| RD2-team29='''{{flagathlete|[[Liam Highfield]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score29='''6'''
| RD2-seed30=93
| RD2-team30={{flagathlete|[[Alex Borg]]|MLT}}
| RD2-score30=1

| RD2-seed31=61
| RD2-team31='''{{flagathlete|[[Dominic Dale]]|WAL}}'''
| RD2-score31='''6'''
| RD2-seed32=68
| RD2-team32={{flagathlete|[[Fan Zhengyi]]|CHN}}
| RD2-score32=4

| RD2-seed33=62
| RD2-team33={{nowrap|1='''{{flagathlete|[[Alexander Ursenbacher]]|SUI}}'''}}
| RD2-score33='''6'''
| RD2-seed34=67
| RD2-team34={{flagathlete|[[Chen Feilong]]|CHN}}
| RD2-score34=1

| RD2-seed35=35
| RD2-team35='''{{flagathlete|[[Andrew Higginson]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score35='''6'''
| RD2-seed36=
| RD2-team36={{flagathlete|[[Hayden Staniland]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score36=0

| RD2-seed37=51
| RD2-team37='''{{flagathlete|[[Mike Dunn (snooker player)|Mike Dunn]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score37='''6'''
| RD2-seed38=78
| RD2-team38={{flagathlete|[[Kacper Filipiak]]|POL}}
| RD2-score38=5

| RD2-seed39=46
| RD2-team39='''{{flagathlete|[[Elliot Slessor]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score39='''6'''
| RD2-seed40=
| RD2-team40={{flagathlete|[[Antoni Kowalski]]|POL}}
| RD2-score40=2

| RD2-seed41=43
| RD2-team41='''{{flagathlete|[[Michael White (snooker player)|Michael White]]|WAL}}'''
| RD2-score41='''6'''
| RD2-seed42=86
| RD2-team42={{flagathlete|[[Jamie O'Neill (snooker player)|Jamie O'Neill]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score42=5

| RD2-seed43=54
| RD2-team43={{flagathlete|[[Nigel Bond]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score43=3
| RD2-seed44=75
| RD2-team44='''{{flagathlete|[[Eden Sharav]]|ISR}}'''
| RD2-score44='''6'''

| RD2-seed45=38
| RD2-team45='''{{flagathlete|[[Sam Craigie]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score45='''6'''
| RD2-seed46=91
| RD2-team46={{flagathlete|[[Andy Hicks]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score46=0

| RD2-seed47=59
| RD2-team47={{flagathlete|[[Harvey Chandler]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score47=2
| RD2-seed48=70
| RD2-team48='''{{flagathlete|[[Jackson Page]]|WAL}}'''
| RD2-score48='''6'''

| RD2-seed49=58
| RD2-team49='''{{flagathlete|[[Ashley Carty]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score49='''6'''
| RD2-seed50=
| RD2-team50={{flagathlete|[[Ross Muir]]|SCO}}
| RD2-score50=4

| RD2-seed51=39
| RD2-team51={{flagathlete|[[Michael Georgiou]]|CYP}}
| RD2-score51=4
| RD2-seed52=90
| RD2-team52='''{{flagathlete|[[Jimmy White]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score52='''6'''

| RD2-seed53=55
| RD2-team53={{flagathlete|[[Lee Walker]]|WAL}}
| RD2-score53=1
| RD2-seed54=
| RD2-team54='''{{flagathlete|[[Allan Taylor (snooker player)|Allan Taylor]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score54='''6'''

| RD2-seed55=42
| RD2-team55='''{{flagathlete|[[Joe O'Connor (snooker player)|Joe O'Connor]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score55='''6'''
| RD2-seed56=87
| RD2-team56={{flagathlete|[[Duane Jones (snooker player)|Duane Jones]]|WAL}}
| RD2-score56=3

| RD2-seed57=47
| RD2-team57='''{{flagathlete|[[Fergal O'Brien]]|IRL}}'''
| RD2-score57='''6'''
| RD2-seed58=82
| RD2-team58={{flagathlete|[[Rod Lawler]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score58=3

| RD2-seed59=50
| RD2-team59='''{{flagathlete|[[Alfie Burden]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score59='''6'''
| RD2-seed60=
| RD2-team60={{flagathlete|[[Tyler Rees]]|WAL}}
| RD2-score60=3

| RD2-seed61=34
| RD2-team61={{flagathlete|[[Robbie Williams (snooker player)|Robbie Williams]]|ENG}}
| RD2-score61=4
| RD2-seed62=
| RD2-team62='''{{flagathlete|[[Wu Yize]]|CHN}}'''
| RD2-score62='''6'''

| RD2-seed63=63
| RD2-team63='''{{flagathlete|[[Louis Heathcote]]|ENG}}'''
| RD2-score63='''6'''
| RD2-seed64=66
| RD2-team64={{flagathlete|[[Kishan Hirani]]|WAL}}
| RD2-score64=3

| RD3-seed01=1
| RD3-team01={{flagathlete|[[Joe Perry (snooker player)|Joe Perry]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score01=4
| RD3-seed02=64
| RD3-team02='''{{flagathlete|[[Jamie Rhys Clarke|Jamie Clarke]]|WAL}}'''
| RD3-score02='''6'''

| RD3-seed03=32
| RD3-team03={{flagathlete|[[Tian Pengfei]]|CHN}}
| RD3-score03=3
| RD3-seed04=33
| RD3-team04='''{{flagathlete|[[Sunny Akani]]|THA}}'''
| RD3-score04='''6'''

| RD3-seed05=16
| RD3-team05={{flagathlete|[[Hossein Vafaei]]|IRN}}
| RD3-score05=5
| RD3-seed06=49
| RD3-team06='''{{flagathlete|[[Jordan Brown (snooker player)|Jordan Brown]]|NIR}}'''
| RD3-score06='''6'''

| RD3-seed07=17
| RD3-team07='''{{flagathlete|[[Ryan Day (snooker player)|Ryan Day]]|WAL}}'''
| RD3-score07='''6'''
| RD3-seed08=81
| RD3-team08={{flagathlete|[[Barry Pinches]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score08=4

| RD3-seed09=24
| RD3-team09='''{{flagathlete|[[Stuart Carrington]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score09='''6'''
| RD3-seed10=41
| RD3-team10={{flagathlete|[[Luo Honghao]]|CHN}}
| RD3-score10=4

| RD3-seed11=9
| RD3-team11='''{{flagathlete|[[Tom Ford (snooker player)|Tom Ford]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score11='''6'''
| RD3-seed12=73
| RD3-team12={{flagathlete|[[Gerard Greene]]|NIR}}
| RD3-score12=3

| RD3-seed13=25
| RD3-team13='''{{flagathlete|[[Mark King (snooker player)|Mark King]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score13='''6'''
| RD3-seed14=40
| RD3-team14={{flagathlete|[[Ken Doherty]]|IRL}}
| RD3-score14=3

| RD3-seed15=8
| RD3-team15={{flagathlete|[[Michael Holt (snooker player)|Michael Holt]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score15=3
| RD3-seed16=57| RD3-team16='''{{flagathlete|[[Ian Burns (snooker player)|Ian Burns]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score16='''6'''

| RD3-seed17=5
| RD3-team17='''{{flagathlete|[[Graeme Dott]]|SCO}}'''
| RD3-score17='''6'''
| RD3-seed18=60
| RD3-team18={{flagathlete|[[David Grace (snooker player)|David Grace]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score18=0

| RD3-seed19=28
| RD3-team19={{flagathlete|[[Chris Wakelin]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score19=4
| RD3-seed20=37
| RD3-team20='''{{flagathlete|[[Martin Gould]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score20='''6'''

| RD3-seed21=12
| RD3-team21='''{{flagathlete|[[Matthew Stevens]]|WAL}}'''
| RD3-score21='''6'''
| RD3-seed22=
| RD3-team22={{flagathlete|[[Ian Preece]]|WAL}}
| RD3-score22=4

| RD3-seed23=21
| RD3-team23='''{{flagathlete|[[Ricky Walden]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score23='''6'''
| RD3-seed24=44
| RD3-team24={{flagathlete|[[Mark Joyce]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score24=3

| RD3-seed25=20
| RD3-team25='''{{flagathlete|[[Anthony McGill]]|SCO}}'''
| RD3-score25='''6'''
| RD3-seed26=45
| RD3-team26={{flagathlete|[[Jak Jones]]|WAL}}
| RD3-score26=1

| RD3-seed27=13
| RD3-team27={{flagathlete|[[Mark Davis (snooker player)|Mark Davis]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score27=4
| RD3-seed28=52
| RD3-team28='''{{flagathlete|[[Sam Baird]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score28='''6'''

| RD3-seed29=29
| RD3-team29={{flagathlete|[[Lu Ning]]|CHN}}
| RD3-score29=5
| RD3-seed30=36
| RD3-team30='''{{flagathlete|[[Liam Highfield]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score30='''6'''

| RD3-seed31=4
| RD3-team31='''{{flagathlete|[[Thepchaiya Un-Nooh]]|THA}}'''
| RD3-score31='''6'''
| RD3-seed32=61
| RD3-team32={{flagathlete|[[Dominic Dale]]|WAL}}
| RD3-score32=1

| RD3-seed33=3
| RD3-team33={{flagathlete|[[Gary Wilson (snooker player)|Gary Wilson]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score33=3
| RD3-seed34=62
| RD3-team34={{nowrap|1='''{{flagathlete|[[Alexander Ursenbacher]]|SUI}}'''}}
| RD3-score34='''6'''

| RD3-seed35=30
| RD3-team35={{flagathlete|[[Daniel Wells (snooker player)|Daniel Wells]]|WAL}}
| RD3-score35=5
| RD3-seed36=35
| RD3-team36='''{{flagathlete|[[Andrew Higginson]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score36='''6'''

| RD3-seed37=14
| RD3-team37='''{{flagathlete|[[Martin O'Donnell (snooker player)|Martin O'Donnell]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score37='''6'''
| RD3-seed38=51
| RD3-team38={{flagathlete|[[Mike Dunn (snooker player)|Mike Dunn]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score38=4

| RD3-seed39=19
| RD3-team39={{flagathlete|[[Ben Woollaston]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score39=1
| RD3-seed40=46
| RD3-team40='''{{flagathlete|[[Elliot Slessor]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score40='''6'''

| RD3-seed41=22
| RD3-team41='''{{flagathlete|[[Noppon Saengkham]]|THA}}'''
| RD3-score41='''6'''
| RD3-seed42=43
| RD3-team42={{flagathlete|[[Michael White (snooker player)|Michael White]]|WAL}}
| RD3-score42=4

| RD3-seed43=11
| RD3-team43={{flagathlete|[[Lyu Haotian]]|CHN}}
| RD3-score43=2
| RD3-seed44=75
| RD3-team44='''{{flagathlete|[[Eden Sharav]]|ISR}}'''
| RD3-score44='''6'''

| RD3-seed45=27
| RD3-team45='''{{flagathlete|[[Anthony Hamilton (snooker player)|Anthony Hamilton]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score45='''6'''
| RD3-seed46=38
| RD3-team46={{flagathlete|[[Sam Craigie]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score46=3

| RD3-seed47=6
| RD3-team47='''{{flagathlete|[[Scott Donaldson]]|SCO}}'''
| RD3-score47='''6'''
| RD3-seed48=70
| RD3-team48={{flagathlete|[[Jackson Page]]|WAL}}
| RD3-score48=3

| RD3-seed49=7
| RD3-team49={{flagathlete|[[Jimmy Robertson (snooker player)|Jimmy Robertson]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score49=4
| RD3-seed50=58
| RD3-team50='''{{flagathlete|[[Ashley Carty]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score50='''6'''

| RD3-seed51=26
| RD3-team51='''{{flagathlete|[[Robert Milkins]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score51='''6'''
| RD3-seed52=90
| RD3-team52={{flagathlete|[[Jimmy White]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score52=1

| RD3-seed53=10
| RD3-team53='''{{flagathlete|[[Matthew Selt]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score53='''6'''
| RD3-seed54=
| RD3-team54={{flagathlete|[[Allan Taylor (snooker player)|Allan Taylor]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score54=3

| RD3-seed55=23
| RD3-team55='''{{flagathlete|[[Kurt Maflin]]|NOR}}'''
| RD3-score55='''6'''
| RD3-seed56=42
| RD3-team56={{flagathlete|[[Joe O'Connor (snooker player)|Joe O'Connor]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score56=5

| RD3-seed57=18
| RD3-team57={{flagathlete|[[Luca Brecel]]|BEL}}
| RD3-score57=5
| RD3-seed58=47
| RD3-team58='''{{flagathlete|[[Fergal O'Brien]]|IRL}}'''
| RD3-score58='''6'''

| RD3-seed59=15
| RD3-team59='''{{flagathlete|[[Liang Wenbo]]|CHN}}'''
| RD3-score59='''6'''
| RD3-seed60=50
| RD3-team60={{flagathlete|[[Alfie Burden]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score60=2

| RD3-seed61=31
| RD3-team61='''{{flagathlete|[[Alan McManus]]|SCO}}'''
| RD3-score61='''6'''
| RD3-seed62=
| RD3-team62={{flagathlete|[[Wu Yize]]|CHN}}
| RD3-score62=3

| RD3-seed63=2
| RD3-team63={{flagathlete|[[Ali Carter]]|ENG}}
| RD3-score63=3
| RD3-seed64=63
| RD3-team64='''{{flagathlete|[[Louis Heathcote]]|ENG}}'''
| RD3-score64='''6'''

| RD4-seed01=64
| RD4-team01='''{{flagathlete|[[Jamie Rhys Clarke|Jamie Clarke]]|WAL}}'''
| RD4-score01='''10'''
| RD4-seed02=33
| RD4-team02={{flagathlete|[[Sunny Akani]]|THA}}
| RD4-score02=7

| RD4-seed03=49
| RD4-team03='''{{flagathlete|[[Jordan Brown (snooker player)|Jordan Brown]]|NIR}}'''
| RD4-score03='''10'''
| RD4-seed04=17
| RD4-team04={{flagathlete|[[Ryan Day (snooker player)|Ryan Day]]|WAL}}
| RD4-score04=6

| RD4-seed05=24
| RD4-team05={{flagathlete|[[Stuart Carrington]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score05=8
| RD4-seed06=9
| RD4-team06='''{{flagathlete|[[Tom Ford (snooker player)|Tom Ford]]|ENG}}'''
| RD4-score06='''10'''

| RD4-seed07=25
| RD4-team07='''{{flagathlete|[[Mark King (snooker player)|Mark King]]|ENG}}'''
| RD4-score07='''10'''
| RD4-seed08=57
| RD4-team08={{flagathlete|[[Ian Burns (snooker player)|Ian Burns]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score08=6

| RD4-seed09=5
| RD4-team09={{flagathlete|[[Graeme Dott]]|SCO}}
| RD4-score09=6
| RD4-seed10=37
| RD4-team10='''{{flagathlete|[[Martin Gould]]|ENG}}'''
| RD4-score10='''10'''

| RD4-seed11=12
| RD4-team11='''{{flagathlete|[[Matthew Stevens]]|WAL}}'''
| RD4-score11='''10'''
| RD4-seed12=21
| RD4-team12={{flagathlete|[[Ricky Walden]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score12=5

| RD4-seed13=20
| RD4-team13='''{{flagathlete|[[Anthony McGill]]|SCO}}'''
| RD4-score13='''10'''
| RD4-seed14=52
| RD4-team14={{flagathlete|[[Sam Baird]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score14=1

| RD4-seed15=36
| RD4-team15={{flagathlete|[[Liam Highfield]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score15=7
| RD4-seed16=4
| RD4-team16='''{{flagathlete|[[Thepchaiya Un-Nooh]]|THA}}'''
| RD4-score16='''10'''

| RD4-seed17=62
| RD4-team17='''{{nowrap|1={{flagathlete|[[Alexander Ursenbacher]]|SUI}}}}'''
| RD4-score17='''10'''
| RD4-seed18=35
| RD4-team18={{flagathlete|[[Andrew Higginson]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score18=8

| RD4-seed19=14
| RD4-team19={{flagathlete|[[Martin O'Donnell (snooker player)|Martin O'Donnell]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score19=3
| RD4-seed20=46
| RD4-team20='''{{flagathlete|[[Elliot Slessor]]|ENG}}'''
| RD4-score20='''10'''

| RD4-seed21=22
| RD4-team21='''{{flagathlete|[[Noppon Saengkham]]|THA}}'''
| RD4-score21='''10'''
| RD4-seed22=75
| RD4-team22={{flagathlete|[[Eden Sharav]]|ISR}}
| RD4-score22=2

| RD4-seed23=27
| RD4-team23='''{{flagathlete|[[Anthony Hamilton (snooker player)|Anthony Hamilton]]|ENG}}'''
| RD4-score23='''10'''
| RD4-seed24=6
| RD4-team24={{flagathlete|[[Scott Donaldson]]|SCO}}
| RD4-score24=5

| RD4-seed25=58
| RD4-team25='''{{flagathlete|[[Ashley Carty]]|ENG}}'''
| RD4-score25='''10'''
| RD4-seed26=26
| RD4-team26={{flagathlete|[[Robert Milkins]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score26=8

| RD4-seed27=10
| RD4-team27={{flagathlete|[[Matthew Selt]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score27=1
| RD4-seed28=23
| RD4-team28='''{{flagathlete|[[Kurt Maflin]]|NOR}}'''
| RD4-score28='''10'''

| RD4-seed29=47
| RD4-team29={{flagathlete|[[Fergal O'Brien]]|IRL}}
| RD4-score29=9
| RD4-seed30=15
| RD4-team30='''{{flagathlete|[[Liang Wenbo]]|CHN}}'''
| RD4-score30='''10'''

| RD4-seed31=31
| RD4-team31='''{{flagathlete|[[Alan McManus]]|SCO}}'''
| RD4-score31='''10'''
| RD4-seed32=63
| RD4-team32={{flagathlete|[[Louis Heathcote]]|ENG}}
| RD4-score32=5
}}

==Century braks==
===Main stage centuries===
A tot of 79 century braks war made bi 27 players during the main stage o the Warld Championship.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Betfred World Championship 2020 – Centuries |work=Warld Snooker |access-date=31 July 2020 |url=http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Centuries/CenturyBreaks/14139/betfred-world-championship-2020 |date=16 August 2020 |archive-date=2020-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831182950/http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Centuries/CenturyBreaks/14139/betfred-world-championship-2020 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{div col}}
*[[Maximum brak|147]], 101 [[John Higgins]]
*140, 132, 122, 105 [[Neil Robertson]]
*140 [[Tom Ford (snooker player)|Tom Ford]]
*138, 133, 117, 115, 114, 112, 106, 105, 104, 101, 101, 101 [[Ronnie O'Sullivan]]
*138 [[Matthew Stevens]]
*136, 122, 105, 105, 104 [[Mark Allen (snooker player)|Mark Allen]]
*136, 122 [[Anthony McGill]]
*136 [[Jamie Rhys Clarke|Jamie Clarke]]
*133, 130, 119 [[Yan Bingtao]]
*131, 127, 104, 100 [[Judd Trump]]
*131, 102 [[David Gilbert (snooker player)|David Gilbert]]
*130 [[Mark Williams (snooker player)|Mark Williams]]
*129, 103, 103, 103, 100 [[Martin Gould]]
*125, 119, 118, 104, 101 [[Ding Junhui]]
*124, 120, 119, 102 [[Mark Selby]]
*124, 105, 102, 101 [[Kurt Maflin]]
*123 [[Elliot Slessor]]
*122, 105 [[Noppon Saengkham]]
*118 [[Ashley Carty]]
*117, 111, 104 [[Barry Hawkins]]
*116, 116, 113, 109, 105, 104, 100, 100 [[Kyren Wilson]]
*115, 109 [[Stuart Bingham]]
*113 [[Liang Wenbo]]
*111 [[Mark King (snooker player)|Mark King]]
*107, 102 [[Jack Lisowski]]
*105 [[Alan McManus]]
*101 [[Shaun Murphy]]
{{div col end}}

=== Qualifyin stage centuries ===
A tot of 53 century braks war made bi 33 players during the qualifyin stage o the Warld Championship.&lt;ref name=&quot;qualicent&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Centuries {{!}} Warld Snooker Live Scores |work=livescores.warldsnookerdata.com |access-date=23 July 2020 |url=http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Centuries/CenturyBreaks/14141/betfred-world-championship-2020-qualifiers |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715145538/http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Centuries/CenturyBreaks/14141/betfred-world-championship-2020-qualifiers |archive-date=15 July 2020 |url-status=live }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806044811/http://livescores.worldsnookerdata.com/Centuries/CenturyBreaks/14141/betfred-world-championship-2020-qualifiers |date=2020-08-06 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{div col}}
*145, 134, 120, 112 [[Allan Taylor (snooker player)|Allan Taylor]]
*141 [[Liang Wenbo]]
*141 [[Alexander Ursenbacher]]
*139, 124 [[Robert Milkins]]
*134 [[Wu Yize]]
*133, 111, 101 [[Tom Ford (snooker player)|Tom Ford]]
*133, 105 [[Hossein Vafaei]]
*133 [[Liam Highfield]]
*131, 110, 104 [[Ricky Walden]]
*131, 109 [[Anthony Hamilton (snooker player)|Anthony Hamilton]]
*130, 124, 111, 101 [[Elliot Slessor]]
*127, 114, 102 [[Luca Brecel]]
*127, 109 [[Jordan Brown (snooker player)|Jordan Brown]]
*127 [[Martin Gould]]
*125 [[Mark King (snooker player)|Mark King]]
*123, 108 [[Ryan Day (snooker player)|Ryan Day]]
*123, 108 [[Anthony McGill]]
*121 [[Michael Georgiou]]
*120 [[Michael White (snooker player)|Michael White]]
*117, 106 [[Thepchaiya Un-Nooh]]
*114, 111 [[Barry Pinches]]
*112 [[Oliver Lines]]
*110 [[Sam Baird]]
*109 [[Chen Feilong]]
*109 [[Craig Steadman]]
*104 [[Hammad Miah]]
*103 [[Kurt Maflin]]
*102 [[Sunny Akani]]
*102 [[Si Jiahui]]
*101 [[Aaron Hill (snooker player)|Aaron Hill]]
*101 [[Jackson Page]]
*100 [[Gerard Greene]]
*100 [[Robbie Williams (snooker player)|Robbie Williams]]
{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{notelist}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website|https://www.wst.tv}}

{{Warld Snooker Championship}}
{{Snooker season 2019/2020}}
{{Warld championships in 2020}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Warld Snooker Championship, 2020}}
[[Category:Warld Snooker Championships|2020]]
[[Category:2020 in snooker|Warld Championship]]
[[Category:2020 in English sport]]
[[Category:July 2020 sports events in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:August 2020 sports events in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Sports events postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic|Warld Snooker Championship]]</text>
      <sha1>rtgpo3cqamijaj04ft77nkqjlimbz1r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kana Satomi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>221820</id>
    <revision>
      <id>900207</id>
      <parentid>875706</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-11-16T10:47:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>79721</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>900207</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11783" sha1="85hqjdce0980mkcwqz783pqukvpu2pa" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sportsperson
|name=Kana Satomi
|image=里見香奈KanaSatomi.jpg
|occupation=Perfaisional Shogi player
}}
{{short description|Professional Shogi player}}
{{nihongo|'''Kana Satomi'''|里見 香奈|Satomi Kana| born March 2, 1992}} is a Japanese [[perfaision]]al [[shogi]] player rankit 6-[[dan]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.shogi.or.jp/player/lady/33.html|script-title=ja:女流棋士データベース: 里見香奈|title=Joryū Kishi Dētabēsu: Satomi Kana|language=ja|trans-title=Weemen's Professional Shogi Player Database: Kana Satomi|publisher=Japan Shogi Association|access-date=January 19, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; She won 40 Weemen's titles in her career. She an aw haes several lifetime titles.
==Records==
The followin tables are the summary o her achievements&lt;ref name=&quot;jsa&quot;&gt;[https://www.shogi.or.jp/player/lady/33.html Kana Satomi official profile]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hub&quot;&gt;[http://shogihub.com/players/163?page=1 Kana Satomi at ShogiHub]{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;.
{| border=&quot;1&quot; class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:89%&quot;
|
*Names in this table are her opponents.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffcccc;&quot;&gt;Pink&lt;/span&gt; means that Satomi haes defendit or obtainit title. &lt;span style=&quot;background-color:#ff6699&quot;&gt;Deep pink&lt;/span&gt; means that she obtainit a lifetime title.&lt;br /&gt;o : Satomi's win　x : Satomi's lose
*'''Shogi Awairds''' - '''WMVP''' : Weemen player MVP (最優秀女流棋士賞), WPA : Weemen player awaird (女流棋士賞), SANG : Special awaird for notable gemmes (名局賞特別賞), AWNG : Awaird for Weemen's notable gemmes (女流名局賞)
|}
{|border=&quot;1&quot; class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:89%&quot;
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|rowspan=2 style=&quot;background-color:#ccf&quot;|Year||colspan=&quot;7&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#ccf&quot;|'''Titles'''||rowspan=2 style=&quot;background-color:#ccf&quot;|Ither&lt;br /&gt;titles||style=&quot;background-color:#ccf&quot; rowspan=2|Shogi&lt;br /&gt;Awairds&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.shogi.or.jp/player/lady/33.html#anc03|script-title=ja:女流棋士データベース: 里見香奈 将棋大賞|title=Joryū Kishi Dētabēsu: Satomi Kana Shōgi Taishō|language=ja|trans-title=Weemen's Professional Shogi Player Database: Kana Satomi Annual Shogi Awards|publisher=Japan Shogi Association|access-date=February 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;||rowspan=2 style=&quot;background-color:#ccf&quot;|Notes&lt;ref name=&quot;jsa&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hub&quot;/&gt;
|- align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#ccf;&quot;
|width=75|'''女王'''(Queen)&lt;br /&gt;Apryle-[[May]]
|width=75|'''女流王位''' (Weemen Monarch)&lt;br /&gt;[[Aprile]]-Juin
|width=75|'''清麗''' (Seirei)&lt;br /&gt;[[August]]-[[September]]
|width=75|'''女流王将'''(Weemen Keeng)&lt;br /&gt;[[October]]
|width=75|'''倉敷藤花''' (Kurashiki Toka Cup)&lt;br /&gt;[[November]]
|width=75|'''女流王座''' (Weemen Throne)&lt;br /&gt;October-[[December]]
|width=75|'''女流名人''' (Weemen Grand Master)&lt;br /&gt;[[Januar]]-[[Februar]]
|- align=center
|2004||－||Saison 15&lt;br /&gt;||－||Saison 26&lt;br /&gt;||Saison 12&lt;br /&gt;||－||Saison 31&lt;br /&gt;||||||align=&quot;left&quot;|Obtainit perfaisional status
|- align=center
|2005||－||||－||||||－||||||||
|- align=center
|2006||－||||－||||||－||||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WPA||align=&quot;left&quot;|
|- align=center
|2007||－||||－||||||－||||||||
|- align=center
|2008||1st saison&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;||||－||||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|[[Ichiyo Shimizu]]&lt;br /&gt;oo||－||||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WPA||align=&quot;left&quot;|
|- align=center
|2009||||||－||||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Marika Nakamura&lt;br /&gt;oo||－||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Ichiyo Shimizu&lt;br /&gt;ooo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP||align=&quot;left&quot;|Obtainit 2 Weemen titles in the same year (女流二冠)
|- align=center
|2010||||||－||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Ichiyo Shimizu&lt;br /&gt;xoo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Shinobu Iwane&lt;br /&gt;xoo||－||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Ichiyo Shimizu&lt;br /&gt;ooo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP||align=&quot;left&quot;|Youngest player tae obtain 3 Weemen titles in the same year (女流三冠)
|- align=center
|2011||||||－||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Sachio Ishibashi&lt;br /&gt;oo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Ichiyo Shimizu&lt;br /&gt;oo||1st saison&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Ichiyo Shimizu&lt;br /&gt;xooo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP||align=&quot;left&quot;|
|- align=center
|2012||||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Tomomi Kai&lt;br /&gt;ooo||－||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Marika Nakamura&lt;br /&gt;xoo||style=&quot;background-color:#ff6699&quot;|Rieko Yauchi&lt;br /&gt;oo||||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Hatsumi Ueda&lt;br /&gt;oxoxo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP&lt;br /&gt;SANG||align=&quot;left&quot;|Youngest player tae obtain 4 Weemen titles in the same year (女流四冠)&lt;br /&gt;Obtainit lifetime title for Kurashiki Toka Cup
|- align=center
|2013||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Hatsumi Ueda&lt;br /&gt;ooo||Tomomi Kai&lt;br /&gt;oxoxx||－||Manao Kagawa&lt;br /&gt;xox||Tomomi Kai&lt;br /&gt;oxx||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Momoko Kato&lt;br /&gt;xooo||style=&quot;background-color:#ff6699&quot;|Marika Nakamura&lt;br /&gt;ooo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP||align=&quot;left&quot;|First player tae obtain 5 Weemen titles in the same year (女流五冠)&lt;br /&gt;Obtainit lifetime title for Weemen Grand Master
|- align=center
|2014||Momoko Kato&lt;br /&gt;xoxx||||－||||||Disqualified||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Ichiyo Shimizu&lt;br /&gt;ooo||||||align=&quot;left&quot;|Apryle-December:Sabbatical
|- align=center
|2015||||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Tomomi Kai&lt;br /&gt;ooo||－||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Manao Kagawa&lt;br /&gt;oo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Tomomi Kai&lt;br /&gt;oo||||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Ichiyo Shimizu&lt;br /&gt;xooxo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP||align=&quot;left&quot;|Consecutive veectory record at Weemen title matches（21 wins）
|- align=center
|2016||||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Shinobu Iwane&lt;br /&gt;ooo||－||style=&quot;background-color:#ff6699&quot;|Manao Kagawa&lt;br /&gt;oo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Yuki Muroya&lt;br /&gt;xoo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Momoko Kato&lt;br /&gt;ooo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Hatsumi Ueda&lt;br /&gt;xxooo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP&lt;br /&gt;SANG||align=&quot;left&quot;|Obtainit lifetime title
|- align=center
|2017||||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Sae Ito&lt;br /&gt;oxoxo||－||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Sae Ito&lt;br /&gt;oo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Sae Ito&lt;br /&gt;oo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Momoko Kato&lt;br /&gt;xxooo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Sae Ito&lt;br /&gt;ooo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP||align=&quot;left&quot;|
|- align=center
|2018||||Ai Watabe&lt;br /&gt;xoxx||－||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Momoko Kato&lt;br /&gt;oo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Yuki Taniguchi&lt;br /&gt;oo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Ichiyo Shimizu&lt;br /&gt;ooo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Sae Ito&lt;br /&gt;ooxo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP&lt;br /&gt;AWNG||
|- align=center
|2019||Tomoka Nishiyama&lt;br /&gt;xxox||style=&quot;background-color:#ff6699&quot;|Ai Watabe&lt;br /&gt;oxoo||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|(1st saison)&lt;br /&gt;Tomomi Kai&lt;br /&gt;ooo||Tomoka Nishiyama&lt;br /&gt;xox||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Sae Ito&lt;br /&gt;oxo||Tomoka Nishiyama&lt;br /&gt;xoxx||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Yuki Taniguchi&lt;br /&gt;ooo||||align=&quot;left&quot;|WMVP&lt;br /&gt;AWNG||align=&quot;left&quot;|Obtainit lifetime title for the Weemen's Monarch&lt;br /&gt;First player tae obtain 6 Weemen titles in the same year (女流六冠)&lt;br /&gt;Consecutive veectory record at the Weemen Grand Master title.
|- align=center
|2020||||style=&quot;background-color:#ffcccc&quot;|Momoko Kato&lt;br /&gt;ooo||Hatsumi Ueda&lt;br /&gt;　||||||||||||||align=&quot;left&quot;|
|- align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#ccf;&quot;
|年度
|width=75|'''女王 (Queen)'''&lt;br /&gt;Apryle-May
|width=75|'''女流王位 (Weemen Monarch)'''&lt;br /&gt;Apryle-Juin
|width=75|'''清麗 (Seirei)'''&lt;br /&gt;August-September
|width=75|'''女流王将 (Weemen Keeng)'''&lt;br /&gt;October
|width=75|'''倉敷藤花 (Kurashiki Toka Cup)'''&lt;br /&gt;November
|width=75|'''女流王座 (Weemen Throne)'''&lt;br /&gt;October-December
|width=75|'''女流名人 (Weemen Grand Master)'''&lt;br /&gt;1-2月January-Februar
|Ither&lt;br /&gt;titles
|Shogi&lt;br /&gt;Awairds
|Notes
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|rowspan=2 style=&quot;background-color:#ccf&quot;|Tot||3 times as finalist&lt;br /&gt;Obtainit ance ||8 times as finalist&lt;br /&gt;Obtainit '''6''' times||2 times as finalist&lt;br /&gt;Obtainit ance||9 times as finalist&lt;br /&gt;Obtainit '''7''' times||11 times as finalist&lt;br /&gt;Obtainit '''10''' times||5 times as finalist&lt;br /&gt;Obtainit '''4''' times||11 times as finalist&lt;br /&gt;Obtainit '''11''' times||rowspan=2|　||rowspan=2|　||rowspan=2|　
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|colspan=&quot;7&quot;|49 appearances tae the final match. Obtainit '''40''' titles&lt;ref name=&quot;jsa&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hub&quot;/&gt; (Anly few players hae achievit this record)
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#ccf;&quot;
|Title||
|Obtainit years
|Finalist
|'''Victory'''
|Consecutive victories
|Lifetime title
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|'''Seirei (清麗)'''||August-September
|align=&quot;left&quot;|2019&lt;/span&gt; (1st saison)
|&lt;!--登場---&gt;1
|&lt;!--獲得---&gt;'''1'''
|&lt;!--連覇---&gt;
|
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|'''Queen (女王)'''||Apryle-May
|align=&quot;left&quot;|2013 (6t Saison)
|&lt;!--登場---&gt;3 times
|&lt;!--獲得---&gt;'''1'''
|&lt;!--連覇---&gt;－
|
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|'''Weemen Throne&lt;br&gt; (女流王座)'''||October-December
|align=&quot;left&quot;|2013 (3rd saison), '16-'18
|&lt;!--登場---&gt;5 times
|&lt;!--獲得---&gt;'''4''' times&lt;br /&gt;(Japan record)
|&lt;!--連覇---&gt;'''3'''&lt;br /&gt;(Japan record)
|
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|'''Weemen Grand Master&lt;br&gt; (女流名人)'''||Januar-Februar
|align=&quot;left&quot;|2009（Saison 36）-'19&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;!--登場---&gt;11 times
|&lt;!--獲得---&gt;'''11''' times&lt;br /&gt;(Japan record)
|&lt;!--連覇---&gt;'''11'''&lt;br /&gt;(Japan record)
|Obtainit
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|'''Weemen Monarch&lt;br&gt; (女流王位)'''||Apryle-Juin
|align=&quot;left&quot;|2012 (Saison 23), '15-'17 , '19-'20&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;!--登場---&gt;8 times
|&lt;!--獲得---&gt;'''6''' times
|&lt;!--連覇---&gt;3
|Obtainit
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|'''Weemen Keeng&lt;br&gt; (女流王将)'''||October
|align=&quot;left&quot;|2010 (Saison 32)-'12, '15-'18
|&lt;!--登場---&gt;9 times
|&lt;!--獲得---&gt;'''7''' times
|&lt;!--連覇---&gt;4&lt;br /&gt;
|Obtainit
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|'''Kurashiki Toka Cup&lt;br&gt; (倉敷藤花)'''||November
|align=&quot;left&quot;|2008 (Saison 16)-'12, '15-'19&lt;/span&gt;
|&lt;!--登場---&gt;11 times
|&lt;!--獲得---&gt;'''10''' times&lt;br /&gt;(Japan record)
|&lt;!--連覇---&gt;5&lt;br /&gt;
|Obtainit
|- 
|colspan=&quot;7&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|49 appearances tae the final match. Obtainit '''40''' titles&lt;ref name=&quot;jsa&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hub&quot;/&gt;（Anly few players hae achieved this record）
|- 
|}

==Public awards==
She haes receivit several awairds frae the local [[govrenment]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.shogi.or.jp/player/lady/33.html#anc04|script-title=ja:女流棋士データベース: 里見香奈 その他表彰|title=Joryū Kishi Dētabēsu: Satomi Kana Sonota Taishō|language=ja|trans-title=Weemen's Professional Shogi Player Database: Kana Satomi Annual Other Awards|publisher=Japan Shogi Association|access-date=February 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;.
* 2007, Marche: [[Shimane Prefectur]] Cultural Activity Awaird (島根県文化活動特別奨励賞)
* 2020, [[Marche]]: Shimane Prefectur Meritorious Person Awaird&lt;ref&gt;[https://this.kiji.is/610398833215734881?c=39546741839462401 女流棋士里見さんに県民栄誉賞 島根県、初の六冠達成]{{Dead link|date=March 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; (島根県民栄誉賞)
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
==External links==
*[http://shogifan.com/2016/11/23/satomi-wins-kurashiki-touka-tournament/ Satomi wins Kurashiki Touka tournament] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811072446/https://shogifan.com/2016/11/23/satomi-wins-kurashiki-touka-tournament/ |date=2020-08-11 }}
*[http://shogifan.com/2016/12/02/satomi-defends-ouza-title/ Satomi defends Ouza title] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302112526/https://shogifan.com/2016/12/02/satomi-defends-ouza-title/ |date=2021-03-02 }}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Satomi, Kana}}
[[Category:1992 births]]
[[Category:Livin fowk]]
[[Category:Japanese sportsfowk]]
[[Category:Sportsweemen]]</text>
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    <title>Enner Valencia</title>
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      <text bytes="2910" sha1="n05m81cg8o8qwob1j0qp7bm7yqeldbj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox football biography
| name = Enner Valencia
| image = Enner Valencia (2020-21 Süper Lig) - Resim1 (cropped).jpg
| caption = Valencia wi [[Fenerbahçe S.K. (fitbaw)|Fenerbahçe]] i 2021
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1989|11|4|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Esmeraldas, Ecuador|Esmeraldas]], Ecuador
| height = {{convert|1.77|m}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.fenerbahce.org/branslar/futbolatakimi/sporcular/forvet/enner-remberto-valencia-lastra |title=Enner Valencia |publisher=Fenerbahçe S.K. |access-date=28 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| position = [[Forrit (fitba)|Forrit]], [[Midfielder#Winger|winger]]
| currentclub = [[Fenerbahçe S.K. (football)|Fenerbahçe]]
| clubnumber = 13
| youthyears1 = 2005–2008
| youthclubs1 = Caribe Junior
| youthyears2 = 2008–2010
| youthclubs2 = [[C.S. Emelec|Emelec]]
| years1 = 2010–2013
| clubs1 = [[C.S. Emelec|Emelec]]
| caps1 = 130
| goals1 = 27
| years2 = 2013–2014
| clubs2 = [[C.F. Pachuca|Pachuca]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ligabancomer.mx/cancha/jugador/102924/enner-remberto-valencia |title=Enner Remberto Valencia Lastra |website=LigaBancomer.mx |access-date=2023-01-29 |archive-date=2018-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005042346/http://www.ligabancomer.mx/cancha/jugador/102924/enner-remberto-valencia |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caps2 = 23
| goals2 = 18
| years3 = 2014–2017
| clubs3 = [[West Ham United F.C.|West Ham United]]
| caps3 = 54
| goals3 = 8
| years4 = 2016–2017
| clubs4 = → [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] (loan)
| caps4 = 21
| goals4 = 3
| years5 = 2017–2020
| clubs5 = [[Tigres UANL]]
| caps5 = 95
| goals5 = 21
| years6 = 2020–
| clubs6 = [[Fenerbahçe S.K. (fitbaw)|Fenerbahçe]]
| caps6 = 75
| goals6 = 34
| nationalyears1 = 2012–
| nationalteam1 = [[Ecuador naitional fitba team|Ecuador]]
| nationalcaps1 = 77
| nationalgoals1 = 38
| club-update = 23:53, 23 Januar 2023
| nationalteam-update = 17:56, 29 November 2022 (UTC)
}}
'''Enner Remberto Valencia Lastra''' (born 4 November 1989) is a Ecuadorian professional fitbawer that plays as a [[Forrit (association fitba)|forrit]] fur [[Süper Lig]] club [[Fenerbahçe S.K. (fitbaw)|Fenerbahçe]] an captains the [[Ecuador naitional fitba team|Ecuador national team]].
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:1989 births]]
[[Category:Livin fowk]]
[[Category:2014 FIFA Warld Cup players]]
[[Category:2015 Copa América players]]
[[Category:2016 Copa América players]]
[[Category:2019 Copa América players]]
[[Category:2022 FIFA Warld Cup players]]
[[Category:Ecuadorian internaitional players]]
[[Category:Ecuadorian fitbawers]]
[[Category:Association fitbaw forrits]]
[[Category:Emelec players]]
[[Category:Pachuca players]]
[[Category:West Ham United F.C. players]]
[[Category:Everton F.C. players]]
[[Category:Tigres UANL players]]
[[Category:Fenerbahçe S.K. players]]
[[Category:Premier League players]]
[[Category:Fowks frae Esmeraldas]]</text>
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    const headingWithBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)\s*\2\s*\n\n+/gm;
    const withBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithBlankLines) || []).length;
    const headingWithoutBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2(?!\n+)/gm;
    const withoutBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithoutBlankLines) || []).length;
    if (withoutBlankLines &gt;= withBlankLines) {
        content = content.replace(headingWithBlankLines, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; {
            return `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p4}${p3}${p2}\n`;
        });
    }
    return content;
}

function headings(content){
    const headingWithSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s+(.+?)\s+\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const headingWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})[^\s=](.+?[^\s=])\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(headingWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(headingWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &gt; withSpaces) {
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p2}${p4}`);
    }
    else{
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)(\s*)\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6) =&gt; {
            if (!p3 || !p5) return `${p1}${p2}${p4}${p2}`; // Use no spaces
            return `${p1}${p2} ${p4} ${p2}`; // Use single spaces
        });
    }
    return content
}

function lists(content){
    const listItemsWithSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+) /gsm;
    const listItemsWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)[^;:\*# ]/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &lt; withSpaces) {
        item = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)([^;:\*# ])/gm;
        content = content.replace(item, (match, p1, p2, p3) =&gt; `${p1}${p2} ${p3}`);
    }
    return content
}

/* Remember doesn't apply to pages outside main namespace */
msg=&quot;Copyedit. &quot;;
insist=0;
diff=1;
preview=0;
submit=0;
function always(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  let is_dab = /{{\s*(disambiguation|dab|disamb|disambig|dbig)\b/i.test(txt.value); /* Disambiguation flag */
  temp=txt.value;
  var test=0;
  txt.value = lists(txt.value);
  // if (!wpSection || !wpSection.value) {
  if (!/&amp;section=/.test(window.location.href)){
      txt.value = add_authority_control(txt.value);  
  } 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ISBN:\s*/gm, &quot;ISBN &quot;);
  if (!txt.value.match(/&lt;math&gt;/)){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ +$/gm, &quot;&quot;); /* trailing spaces get rid of */
  }
  txt.value = headings(txt.value);
  txt.value = post_heading(txt.value);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/==(\n)\n+/gm, &quot;==$1$1&quot;); /* remove multiple blank line after headers */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=])(\n)(\n*)==/gm, &quot;$1$2$2==&quot;); /* One blank line before headers */
/* ^ should also not match a comment after a header followed by another header */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[J\.* *R\.* *R\.* *Tolk(?:ie|ei)n\]\]('|’)s/gim, &quot;[[J. R. R. Tolkien|J. R. R. Tolkien$1s]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Country Music\|(C|c)ountry\]\]/gm, &quot;[[Country music|$1ountry]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([a-z,] )\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1[[country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\n|\.|\=\s*) \[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1 [[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\(\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;([[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{template:/gim, &quot;{{&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{cite-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cite-section|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{expand}}/gim, &quot;{{Expand|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(cleanup|clean|clean up|clean-up|attention)}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(an|cn|citation(_|-| |)needed|citation required|cite(_|-| |)needed|needs( |_)citation|reference( |_)needed|uncited|fact)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Citation needed|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(recently revised|rrevised|)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Recently revised|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(significance|importance|explain significance)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(importance-s)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance-s|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{Cleanup-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup-section|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(uncategorizedstub|uncatstub)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorizedstub|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unlinked|linkless|orphan)}}/gim, &quot;{{Orphan|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(classify|categories needed|catneeded|categori(s|z)e|nocats*|categoryneeded|uncat|uncategori(s|z)ed)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorized|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
if (test==1 &amp;&amp; temp!=txt.value){temp=txt.value;document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;4&quot;;}

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*external\s*links*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1External links$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*references*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1References$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[US\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*(USA|US|U\.S\.)\s*\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United States\|USA\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\]\]([^\.])/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\]\]/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  if (!is_dab){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|MongoliaUlan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru))\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\[\|:]+)\|([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|Mongolia|Ulan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru)\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Rome, Italy\|Rome\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Rome]]&quot;);
  }
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\{\{lifetime\|/gim, &quot;{{subst:ltm|&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  // add any custom message to summary
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + msg;
  /* fix specific typo, if in edit summary */
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value.replace(/([Tt])empalte/g, &quot;$1emplate&quot;);
  if (diff==1) {document.editform.wpDiff.click();}
  else if (submit==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
}

function isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates){
   // Create a regex pattern to match any of the templates
  var regexString = '{{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?(?:' + templates.map(function(t) {
     return t.replace(/ /g, '\\s*');
  }).join('|') + ')\\b[^}]*}}';
  return new RegExp(regexString, 'i');
}

function add_authority_control(content) {
  // List of template names to check for (including redirects)
  var templates = [
            'Authority control',
            'Authority Control',
            'Authoritycontrol',
            'External identifiers',
            'External Identifiers',
            'Externalidentifiers',
            'Authority comtrol',
            'Auth',
            'AutC'
  ];
  
  var regex = isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates);

  // If any of the redirect templates are found, return content unchanged
  if (regex.test(content)) {
      return content;
  }
  var lines = content.split('\n');
  var category_found = false
 
  // Work backwards from the end to find the correct insertion point
  for (var insertIndex = lines.length - 1; insertIndex &gt;= 0; insertIndex--) {
      var line = lines[insertIndex].trim();

      if (line === '') {
         // Blank line, continue searching
         continue;
      }

      // Check for stubs
      if (/^\{\{\s*[^}]*-stub\s*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a stub template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for categories
      if (/^\[\[\s*Category:.*\]\]\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's a category, continue searching
          category_found = true;    
          continue;
      }

      // Check for DEFAULTSORT (case-insensitive)
      if (/^\{\{\s*DEFAULTSORT:.*\}\}\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's DEFAULTSORT, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for &quot;Use ...&quot; or &quot;{{Coord...&quot;templates
      if (/^\{\{\s*([Uu]se|[Cc]oord).*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a &quot;Use ...&quot; template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Found where to insert the template
      insertIndex += 1;
      break;
    }

    if (!category_found){
        return(content);
    }
    // Prepare the template to insert
    var authorityControlTemplate = '{{Authority control}}';

    // Decide whether to add a blank line before the template
    var lineBeforeInsert = lines[insertIndex - 1] || '';
    if (lineBeforeInsert.trim() !== '' &amp;&amp; !/^\{\{[^}]*\}\}\s*$/.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())) {
        // If the line before is not a template, add a blank line
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);    
    } else if (/^\{\{[Rr]eflist[^}]*\}\}\s*$/i.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())){
         // Template is probably not navbox or succession box  
         lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);
    } else {
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, authorityControlTemplate);
    }
    return lines.join('\n');
}

function quick(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  temp=txt.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(User|Special|Template)/gi,&quot;[[$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(File|Image|Category)/gi,&quot;[[:$1&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Fix multiple : lint error. &quot;;
}


function summary_append(appendStr, replaceStr) {
    const summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary;
    const currentValue = summary.value;

    if (currentValue.includes(appendStr)) {
        if (replaceStr &amp;&amp; !currentValue.includes(replaceStr)) {
            // Replace appendStr with replaceStr
            summary.value = currentValue.replace(appendStr, replaceStr);
        }
        // Do nothing if replaceStr is empty
    } else {
        // Append appendStr if not already in the summary
        summary.value += appendStr;
    }
}


function spelling(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // Preserve text in quotes, template parameters called &quot;title,&quot; and image names
    var preservePatterns = [
        /&quot;[^&quot;]*&quot;/g,                                    // Text in quotes
        /title\s*=\s*[^|\n}]*/ig,                      // Template parameters called &quot;title&quot;
        /\[\[(File|Image):[^\]]+\]\]/ig,               // Image names in square brackets
        /(\b(map|image)\s*=\s*)(File|Image):[^\n|}]+\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg)/ig  // Image names as parameter values
    ];
    
    var preserved = [];
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(preservePatterns.map(p =&gt; p.source).join('|'), 'gi'), function(match) {
        preserved.push(match);
        return &quot;&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE&quot; + (preserved.length - 1) + &quot;&gt;&gt;&gt;&quot;;
    });
//  canonicalise bda
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{bda\|/i,&quot;{{Birth date and age|&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{dda\|/i,&quot;{{Death date and age|&quot;);

/* Date order */
// Ranges first:
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s+((0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d) *([-–—−\/]|through|to) *(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d))\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
//single dates
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s+(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d)\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
// normalise spacing
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\b\d{1,2})\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// leading 0
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b0(\d)\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// delink
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*\b(\d{1,2})\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s*\]\]/ig,&quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// remove comma and delink year
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s*,*\s*\[\[(\d{1,4})\b(\s*)\]\](\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)
// remove comma if year 
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s*,*\s*(\d{3,4})\b(\s*)(\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)

// Fix up birth/death date templates mf=y/yes
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]irth[ _]*date|[Dd]eath[ _]*date)\s*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|\s*\d*\s*)*\|)\s*mf\s*=\s*[yY](?:es)*\s*(\||}|\n)/g,&quot;$1df=y$2&quot;)
// Fix up birth/death date templates only digits
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]ir|[Dd]ea)th[ _]*date[ _]*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|[ \d]*)*)}}/g,&quot;$1|df=y}}&quot;)

// Update any existing dmy tag
    oldtxt = txt.value;
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{[_ ]*(Dmy|Use[_ ]*dmy|Use[_ ]+dmy[_ ]+dates)[_ ]*\|\s*date\s*=\s*[a-z]+\s+\d+\s*}}/i, &quot;{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;)
    if (oldtxt == txt.value) {
//     Add dmy template if not already here
       if (txt.value.indexOf('{{use dmy') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use dmy') == -1) {
           txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\n*((?:{{DEFAULTSORT:[^}]*}}){0,1}\n\[\[Category:)/,&quot;\n{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}\n\n$1&quot;)
           if (txt.value.indexOf('{{dmy') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use dmy') == -1) {
               txt.value = txt.value + &quot;\n{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;
           }  
        }
        summary_append(&quot;Date formats. &quot;);
    }
    else {
        summary_append(&quot;Update tag. &quot;, &quot;Update tags. &quot;);
    }

    // Restore preserved parts
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE(\d+)&gt;&gt;&gt;/g, function(match, p1) {
        return preserved[parseInt(p1)];
    });

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}

function use_British_English(){
    return
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*
Template:EB (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Eb (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Scottish English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:En-GB (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use british english (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use British (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use british (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Ube (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:UBE (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use BrE (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Welsh English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use British English spelling (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Uken (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:UKEN (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Birtish English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
*/
// Update any existing UBE tag, or change EngvarB, skip Welsh or Scottish
    oldtxt = txt.value;
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{[_ ]*(EngvarB|Eb|Ube|En-Gb|UKEN|Use[_ ]*dmy|Use[_ ]+B(ri|ir)tish([_ ]+English(|[_ ]*spelling))?)[_ ]*\|\s*date\s*=\s*[a-z]+\s+\d+\s*}}/i, &quot;{{Use British English|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;)
    if (oldtxt == txt.value) {
//     Add template if not already here
       if (txt.value.indexOf('{{Use British') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use Scottish') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use Welsh') == -1) {
           txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\n*((?:{{DEFAULTSORT:[^}]*}}){0,1}\n\[\[Category:)/,&quot;\n{{Use British English|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}\n\n$1&quot;)
           if (txt.value.indexOf('{{Use British') == -1) {
               txt.value = txt.value + &quot;\n{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;
           }  
        }
        summary_append(&quot;Add tag. &quot;, &quot;Add tags. &quot;);  
    }
    else {
        summary_append(&quot;Update tag. &quot;, &quot;Update tags. &quot;);
    }

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();    
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Simplify wikilinks==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function decomma(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(.*)?  (.*)?\]\]/g,&quot;[[$1 $2]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[ /g,&quot;[[&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ \]\]/g,&quot;]]&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ ==$/gm, &quot;==&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^== /gm, &quot;==&quot;);
/*De-pipe if possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
/* Pull text inside piped link */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]\|]+)\]\]([A-Za-z\'])([\w\d]*)([\.\,\;\:\&quot;\!\?\s]+)/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2$3$4]]$5&quot;); 
/*De-pipe if now possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
  
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Simplified wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/* document.forms.editform.submit(); */
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Repeated links==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function replink(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]]*)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\|\2\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2]]$3$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]]+)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2$1&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Remove duplicate wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}


function normcase(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ (==+)$/gm, &quot;$1&quot;);
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+) /gm, &quot;$1&quot;);  
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==\s*\&quot;*[\w])(.*==)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2) { 
        return($1.toUpperCase()+$2.toLowerCase());
      }
   );*/
  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==+\s*\&quot;*)(.*?)(==+)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2,$3) {
        var result=$1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3;
        if ($0==result) {return (result);}
        result = result.replace (/^(==+)\s*(.*?[^\s])\s*(==+)$/,&quot;$1&quot;+&quot;$2&quot;+&quot;$3&quot;);
        return (result);    
//        return($1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3)
      }      
   );
   var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
   var summary = &quot;Correct caps in section header. &quot;;
   if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
	if (txt.value.match(/.*[^\s]$/)) {
	    txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
        }
	txt.value += summary;
  }
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==toHeaderCase==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function toHeaderCase(txt){
// All caps stay all caps if more than 1 letter
// First word gets a cap
// Words containing a fullstop unchanged
// DVD and LP to caps
// TV to Television
// USA to US
// &amp; to and
// rest to lowercase
  var words = new Array();
  var result = &quot;&quot;;
  words = txt.split(' ');

  for (var i=0;i&lt;words.length;i++){
//    Replace specific abbreviations (don't worry about case)
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^tv$/gim, &quot;television&quot;);
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^&amp;$/gim, &quot;and&quot;);

//    Ignore most other abbreviations for now 
      if ((( words[i].length &gt; 1) &amp;&amp; (words[i] == words[i].toUpperCase() )) 
        || ( words[i].indexOf('.')!= -1) || (words[i]==&quot;I&quot;)
      ){
//        Do nothing
      }
//    Else capitalise first word 
      else if (i==0) {
          words[i]=words[i].substring(0,1).toUpperCase()+words[i].substring(1).toLowerCase();
      }
//    Lowercase the rest 
      else {words[i]=words[i].toLowerCase();}
//    Add the word to the result string 
      if (i==0) {result=words[i];}  else {result=result+&quot; &quot;+words[i];} 
  }
//Uppercase/correct specific abbreviations 
  result = result.replace(/\blp\b/gim, &quot;LP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\blps\b/gim, &quot;LPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bep\b/gim, &quot;EP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\beps\b/gim, &quot;EPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvd\b/gim, &quot;DVD&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvds\b/gim, &quot;DVDs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bUSA\b/gim, &quot;US&quot;);

  return(result);
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Units==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function census(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

    // Convert &amp;deg; into ° symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;deg;/g, '°');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/º/g, '°');


    // Convert &amp;sup; into superscript ² symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup2;/g, '²');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup3;/g, '³');

    // Convert the word ohm(s) or the html entity into the actual Ω symbol (Omega, not the actual ohm symbol &amp;#8486;) and make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?\s?(&amp;Omega;|ohm|Ohm)s?([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Ω$4');

    // Convert various micro symbols into the actual micro symbol, make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(&amp;mu;|μ|&amp;micro;)(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 µ$3$4');

    // Convert capital K to lowercase k in units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?K(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 k$2$3');

    // Fix common spelling error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/celcius/gi, 'Celsius');

    // Capitalize units correctly
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(khz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 kHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mhz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 MHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ghz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 GHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(hz|HZ)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Hz$4');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(pa|PA)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Pa$4');

    // Fix kilometres
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kms)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise kilometres per hour and add space
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/hr)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmh)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/h)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // Space before horsepower symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(hp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 hp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bhp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 bhp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(shp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 shp$3');

    // Space before other units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(cc)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 cc$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ml)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 ml$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise miles per hour and rpm
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(m.p.h.)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;mph$3');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 rpm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;rpm$3');

    // Standardise symbol for pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d\+?)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d&amp;nbsp;lb)s/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(\[\[lbs\]\])/gi, '$1 \[\[Pound (mass)|lb\]\]');

    // Standardise symbol for foot pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');

    // Symbols for feet and inches

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^;°]\s?\s?)(\d{1,4})\s?(['’])\s?(\d{1,2})\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([:=\/\(])\s*(\d{1,3)\s?(['’])\s?(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(eight[:= ]{1,2})\s?(\d)-(\d{1,2})([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 $2 ft $3 in');


    // Give digital value a percent symbol '%' instead of word
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)[\s?-]per *cent([^aei])/gi, '$1%$2');

    // Add a space before dB or B
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(dB|B)\b/g, '$1 $2');

    // Add a space before any units that were missed before
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(g|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|°F|M)([\s,.\\/)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // Separate one for seconds since they give a lot of false positives like &quot;1970s&quot;.  Only difference is mandatory prefix.
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)(s)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // bps or b/s or bits/s --&gt; bit/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(bps|bits?\/s|b\/s)/g, ' $1bit/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bps)/gi, '$1 bit/s');

    // Bps or byte/s or bytes/s --&gt; B/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(Bps|bytes?\/s)/g, ' $1B/s');

    // After that, make capitalization correct
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/K(bit|B)\/s/g, 'k$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/m(bit|B)\/s/g, 'M$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/g(bit|B)\/s/g, 'G$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/t(bit|B)\/s/g, 'T$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/e(bit|B)\/s/g, 'E$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/y(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Y$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/z(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Z$1/s');

    // Common error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/mibi(bit|byte)/g, 'mebi$1');

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Units. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; | &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Day slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*Note a leading colon could well be an &quot;EasyTimeline&quot; */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d\d\d\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/([0|1|2|3]?\d)/gm, &quot;$1$4 zz$3zz $2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)([0|1|2|3]?\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz $4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d+)\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d{1,2})\/(\d{1,2})\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Month slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdatesm(){ /* month day year - pox. */
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==British Old English==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

function british(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|Old English]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\|/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|British]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;dab/red UK/OE. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Math==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function math(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\binom\s*\{([^\}]*)\}\s*\{([^\}]*)\}/gim, &quot;{ $1 \\choose $2 }&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\$\s*(.*?)\s*\$/gim, &quot;\&lt;math\&gt;$1\&lt;\/math\&gt;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\displaystyle/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\partial/gim, &quot;\\part&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\end\{array\}/gim, &quot;\\end{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\begin\{array\}\s*\(11\)/gim, &quot;\\begin{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\rvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\lvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\.\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\.&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\,\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\,&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mbox/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mathscr/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/“/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/”/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;&lt;br&gt;{{planetmath|id=|title=}} &quot;
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;[[Category:combinatorics]]&quot;
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=&quot;Import from Planet Math. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==bold==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function bold(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  var title = document.title.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Bold/Italics. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==State names==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function statenames(){
   var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAL\b/gm,&quot;Alabama&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAK\b/gm,&quot;Alaska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAZ\b/gm,&quot;Arizona&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAR\b/gm,&quot;Arkansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCA\b/gm,&quot;California&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCO\b/gm,&quot;Colorado&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCT\b/gm,&quot;Connecticut&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDE\b/gm,&quot;Delaware&quot;); 
   /* txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDC\b/gm,&quot;District of Columbia&quot;); */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFL\b/gm,&quot;Florida&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGA\b/gm,&quot;Georgia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bHI\b/gm,&quot;Hawaii&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bID\b/gm,&quot;Idaho&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIL\b/gm,&quot;Illinois&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIN\b/gm,&quot;Indiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIA\b/gm,&quot;Iowa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKS\b/gm,&quot;Kansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKY\b/gm,&quot;Kentucky&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bLA\b/gm,&quot;Louisiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bME\b/gm,&quot;Maine&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMD\b/gm,&quot;Maryland&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMA\b/gm,&quot;Massachusetts&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMI\b/gm,&quot;Michigan&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMN\b/gm,&quot;Minnesota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMS\b/gm,&quot;Mississippi&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMO\b/gm,&quot;Missouri&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMT\b/gm,&quot;Montana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNE\b/gm,&quot;Nebraska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNV\b/gm,&quot;Nevada&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNH\b/gm,&quot;New Hampshire&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNJ\b/gm,&quot;New Jersey&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNM\b/gm,&quot;New Mexico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNY\b/gm,&quot;New York&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNC\b/gm,&quot;North Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bND\b/gm,&quot;North Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOH\b/gm,&quot;Ohio&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOK\b/gm,&quot;Oklahoma&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOR\b/gm,&quot;Oregon&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPA\b/gm,&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bRI\b/gm,&quot;Rhode Island&quot;); /* and Providence Plantations, naturally */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSC\b/gm,&quot;South Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSD\b/gm,&quot;South Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTN\b/gm,&quot;Tennessee&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTX\b/gm,&quot;Texas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bUT\b/gm,&quot;Utah&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVT\b/gm,&quot;Vermont&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVA\b/gm,&quot;Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWA\b/gm,&quot;Washington&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWV\b/gm,&quot;West Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWI\b/gm,&quot;Wisconsin&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWY\b/gm,&quot;Wyoming&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAS\b/gm,&quot;American Samoa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGU\b/gm,&quot;Guam&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMP\b/gm,&quot;Northern Mariana Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPR\b/gm,&quot;Puerto Rico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVI\b/gm,&quot;Virgin Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFM\b/gm,&quot;Federated States of Micronesia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMH\b/gm,&quot;Marshall Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPW\b/gm,&quot;Palau&quot;);
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCZ\b/gm,&quot;Panama Canal Zone&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPI\b/gm,&quot;Philippines&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTT\b/gm,&quot;Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCM\b/gm,&quot;Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands&quot;);
  
   document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Expand US postal abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*
  if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value==&quot;Date fixes. &quot;) {
    document.forms.editform.submit();
  }
  else
*/
 if(txt.value.indexOf(&quot;opyvio&quot;) == -1){
/* Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/accessdate\s*=\s*(\w)/gm,&quot;accessdate = $1X&quot;);
/* Ranges of days within months */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*(\d{1,2})\s*-\s*(\d{1,2})(\D)/gm,&quot;$1 $2-$1 $3$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*-\s*([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/gm,&quot;$1 $3-$2 $3&quot;);
/* standard formats */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);

/* The xxx th of yyy */

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1 $2 $3&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1 $2$3&quot;);
/* xx th of yyy

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
*/
/* jan.... */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jan)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jan)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar])(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Januar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Feb)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Feb)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Februar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Mar)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Mar)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Mairch$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Apr)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Apr)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Aprile$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jun)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Juin $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jun)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juin$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Juin$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jul)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jul)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Julie$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Aug)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Aug)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 August$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 August$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Sep|Sept)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Sep|Sept)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 September$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 September$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Oct)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Oct)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 October$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 October$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Nov)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Nov)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 November$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 November$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Dec)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Dec)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 December$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d\_])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 December$4&quot;);

/* accessmonthday, accessyear */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\]\s*\|\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)/gi, &quot;$1$2&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)(\s*\|\s*accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\])/gi, &quot;$1$2$3&quot;);


/* De-Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ac+es+date(\s*=\s*)(\w)X/gm,&quot;accessdate$1$2&quot;);

/* document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Tidy dates (where month and day both present). &quot;; */
document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/*document.forms.editform.submit(); */
    } /* if not a copyvio */
}

function month_de_abbreviate(){
 var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jan)\b/gim, &quot;Januar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Feb)\b/gim, &quot;Februar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Mar)\b/gim, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Apr)\b/gim, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jun)\b/gim, &quot;Juin&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jul)\b/gim, &quot;Julie&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Aug)\b/gim, &quot;August&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Sep|Sept)\b/gim, &quot;September&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Oct)\b/gim, &quot;October&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Nov)\b/gim, &quot;November&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Dec)\b/gim, &quot;December&quot;);
 document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Fix month abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Capitals==
A crude first pass fixer for text that is almost all in lowercase
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function capitals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +a/gm, &quot;$1 A&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +b/gm, &quot;$1 B&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +c/gm, &quot;$1 C&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +d/gm, &quot;$1 D&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +e/gm, &quot;$1 E&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +f/gm, &quot;$1 F&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +g/gm, &quot;$1 G&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +h/gm, &quot;$1 H&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +i/gm, &quot;$1 I&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +j/gm, &quot;$1 J&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +k/gm, &quot;$1 K&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +l/gm, &quot;$1 L&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +m/gm, &quot;$1 M&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +n/gm, &quot;$1 N&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +o/gm, &quot;$1 O&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +p/gm, &quot;$1 P&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +q/gm, &quot;$1 Q&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +r/gm, &quot;$1 R&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +s/gm, &quot;$1 S&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +t/gm, &quot;$1 T&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +u/gm, &quot;$1 U&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +v/gm, &quot;$1 V&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +w/gm, &quot;$1 W&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +x/gm, &quot;$1 X&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +y/gm, &quot;$1 Y&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +z/gm, &quot;$1 Z&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Caps &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dewikify dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dewikifydates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // century
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](centuries)\]\]/gi, '$1 centuries');

    // decades
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4}s)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // months
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[January\|(Jan)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[February\|(Feb)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[March\|(Mar)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[April\|(Apr)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[May\|(May)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[June\|(Jun)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[July\|(Jul)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[August\|(Aug)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[September\|(Sep)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[October\|(Oct)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[November\|(Nov)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[December\|(Dec)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{3,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // days of the week including optional plurals
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mondays?|Tuesdays?|Wednesdays?|Thursdays?|Fridays?|Saturdays?|Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    // days of the week but leave out 'Sun' as potentially valid link to the Sun
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mon|Tue|Tues|Wed|Thu|Thur|Thurs|Fri|Sat)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Mondays?\|(Mondays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Tuesdays?\|(Tuesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Wednesdays?\|(Wednesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Thursdays?\|(Thursdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Fridays?\|(Fridays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Saturdays?\|(Saturdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Sundays?\|(Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // ranked days
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // misconfigured
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // Month plus year
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s*,*\s* \d\d\d+)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // year
    //BC etc
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE)\|(\d{1,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    //4 digits years piped into 2
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    var x=0;
    while (x&lt;3) {x++;  
    //year: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');
    }


    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Date fragments delinked. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Deiso dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
const monthNames = [&quot;Januar&quot;, &quot;Februar&quot;, &quot;Mairch&quot;, &quot;Aprile&quot;, &quot;Mey&quot;, &quot;Juin&quot;,
                        &quot;Julie&quot;, &quot;August&quot;, &quot;September&quot;, &quot;October&quot;, &quot;November&quot;, &quot;December&quot;];
function deisodates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
       
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})\b/g, (match, year, month, day) =&gt; {
        const monthIndex = parseInt(month, 10) - 1;
        return `${parseInt(day, 10)} ${monthNames[monthIndex]} ${year}`;
    });

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Format dates. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Cardinals==
Up to 99
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function cardinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 10( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ten$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 11( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eleven$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 12( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twelve$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 13( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 14( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fourteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 15( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 16( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 17( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventeen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 18( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 19( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; nineteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 20( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 30( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 40( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 50( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 60( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 70( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 80( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 90( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 100( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; one hundred$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 2(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )1( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1one$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )2( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1two$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )3( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1three$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )4( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1four$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )5( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1five$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )6( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1six$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )7( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1seven$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )8( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1eight$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )9( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1nine$2&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Cardinals. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Ordinals==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function ordinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )1st/gm, &quot;$1first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2nd/gm, &quot;$1second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )3rd/gm, &quot;$1third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )4th/gm, &quot;$1fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )5th/gm, &quot;$1fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )6th/gm, &quot;$1sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )7th/gm, &quot;$1seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )8th/gm, &quot;$1eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )9th/gm, &quot;$1ninth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )10th/gm, &quot;$1tenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )11th/gm, &quot;$1eleventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )12th/gm, &quot;$1twelfth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )13th/gm, &quot;$1thirteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )14th/gm, &quot;$1fourteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )15th/gm, &quot;$1fifteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )16th/gm, &quot;$1sixteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )17th/gm, &quot;$1seventeenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )18th/gm, &quot;$1eighteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )19th/gm, &quot;$1nineteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )20th/gm, &quot;$1twentieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )30th/gm, &quot;$1thirtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )40th/gm, &quot;$1fortieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )50th/gm, &quot;$1fiftieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )60th/gm, &quot;$1sixtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )70th/gm, &quot;$1seventieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )80th/gm, &quot;$1eightieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )90th/gm, &quot;$1ninetieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot;$1twenty-$2$3&quot;); 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-1st/gm, &quot;-first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-2nd/gm, &quot;-second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-3rd/gm, &quot;-third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-4th/gm, &quot;-fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-5th/gm, &quot;-fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-6th/gm, &quot;-sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-7th/gm, &quot;-seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-8th/gm, &quot;-eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-9th/gm, &quot;-ninth&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Ordinals. &quot;;
}
 
function afdresult(){
    var res = prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;);
    if(!res) return;
    document.editform.wpSummary.value = 'VFD result - ' + res.replace(/'/g, '');
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    if(txt.value.length &gt; 0) txt.value += '\n';
    txt.value += '==VFD==\nOn [[DAY MONTH]] [[2005]], this article was nominated for deletion. The result was ' + res + '. See [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/{{subst:PAGENAME}}]] for a record of the discussion. &amp;ndash; ~~~~';
    txt.focus();
}

function hideafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;none&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = 'none';
}

function showafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = '';
}

function afdlinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:hideafd()', 'hide closed', 'ca-hide');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:showafd()', 'show closed', 'ca-show');
}

function addPurge(){
	if (!(mw.config.get('wgCanonicalNamespace') == 'Special'))
		mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', mw.config.get('wgServer') + '/w/index.php?title=' + encodeURIComponent(mw.config.get('wgPageName')) + '&amp;action=purge', 'Purge', 'ca-purge', 'Purge server cache for this page.', '0');
}

importScript('Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Scripts/Add edit section 0');

function changeLinks(){
    if(!document.getElementById) return;
    document.getElementById('pt-mytalk').firstChild.innerHTML = 'talk';
    document.getElementById('pt-watchlist').firstChild.innerHTML = 'watchlist';
    document.getElementById('pt-mycontris').firstChild.innerHTML = 'contributions';
}

function addPreSaveTransform(){
    // diff.click takes us to submit for some reason (the diff button doesn't)
    if (!/&amp;action=(edit|submit)/.test(window.location.href)) return;
    if (!document.forms.editform) return;
    document.forms.editform.wpSave.onclick = preSaveTransform;
}

function preSaveTransform(){
    console.log('Called PST');
    simplify_piped_links()
    updateSummary()
}

function simplify_piped_links() {
    // Get the edit box element (wpTextbox1 is the ID for the main edit area on Wikipedia)
    var editBox = document.getElementById('wpTextbox1');

    // Get the current text from the edit box
    var text = editBox.value;

    // Simplify piped links
    var simplifiedText = text.replace(/\[\[([^\|\]]+)\|([^\]]+)\]\]/g, function(match, target, display) {
        // Only replace if the display text is the same as the target text,
        // considering that the first letter is case-insensitive
        if (target.charAt(0).toLowerCase() === display.charAt(0).toLowerCase() &amp;&amp;
            target.slice(1) === display.slice(1)) {
            return '[[' + display + ']]';
        }
        // Otherwise, keep the original piped link
        return match;
    });

    // Update the edit box with the simplified text
    editBox.value = simplifiedText;
}


function isTalk(){
    if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') % 2 != 0) {
        return true
    }
    return false  
}

function isNewSection(){
    if (/&amp;section=new/.test(window.location.href)){
        return true
    }
    return false  
}
    
function updateSummary(){
    var summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value;
    if (isTalk()) {
        if (!isNewSection()){
            summary = update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary)
        }
    }
    summary = ascii_to_unicode(summary);
    summary = expand_abbr(summary);
    document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = summary;
    return true;
}

function ascii_to_unicode(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/-&gt;/g, &quot;→&quot;)
    .replace(/&lt;-/g, '←')
    .replace(/&lt;-&gt;/g, '↔')
    .replace(/\^/g, '↑')
    .replace(/\v/g, '↓');
    return text	
}

function expand_abbr(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/\bc\b/g,   'Copyedit. ')
    .replace(/\bty\b/g,   'Typo. ') // not t which picks up don't etc.
    .replace(/\bsp\b/g,  'Spelling.') // not s which picks up possessives
    .replace(/\bpn\b/g,  'is not a proper noun. ')
    .replace(/\bg\b/g,   'Grammar. ')
    .replace(/\btau\b/g, 'Tautology. ')
    .replace(/\bfp\b/g,  'Avoid future in the past tense. ')
    .replace(/\b1p\b/g,  'Avoid first person. ') // evaluate if this is useful
    .replace(/\b2p\b/g,  'Avoid second person. ')
    .replace(/  /g, ' ');
    return text	
}

function update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary){
    // If we've created a new second level section on a section edit, change the edit summary to reflect this.
    // Also update edit summary if section header changed.
    // Check if it's a section edit.  
    var old_header = summary.match(/(\/\* (.*) \*\/)/);
    if (!old_header) {return summary} // No header in the summary so this wasn't a section edit. 
    // Since we haven't stashed the page, we assume that the last level 2 section is the new one. 
    // Let's load all the level 2 headers from the edit window
    var temp = document.editform.wpTextbox1.value;
    var headerRegex = /^==\s*([^=].*?)\s*==/gm; // Must only match level 2 for now.
    var headers = [...temp.matchAll(headerRegex)];
    if (headers.length == 0) {return summary} // No headers, nothing to do
    if (headers.length == 1 &amp;&amp; old_header == 'top') {return summary} // Lets leave it in this case.
    // Grab the last header and use that.
    var edited_or_new_section_header = headers[headers.length - 1][1];
    summary_text = summary.match(/\/\* .* \*\/(.*)/)[1].trim();
    var new_header_part = &quot;/* &quot; + edited_or_new_section_header + &quot; */&quot;;
    summary = new_header_part + summary_text;
    return summary     
}

function afddelete(){
    var form = document.forms.deleteconfirm;
    form.wpReason.value = '[[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/' + unescape(window.location.href.replace(/^.*\?title=([^&amp;]+)&amp;action=delete.*$/, '$1').replace(/_/g, ' ')) + ']]';
    form.wpConfirm.checked = true;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==morelinks==
Basically afd results, shortcuts and non-mainspace pst
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function morelinks(){
/*
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Move &quot;) == 0 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot; - &quot;) != -1){
         var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

         document.forms.editform.submit();
    }
 */
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;keep&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'keep', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;merge and redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Merge and redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'merge', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'redir', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to &quot; + prompt(&quot;Transwiki to?&quot;))', 'trans', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to Wiktionary&quot;)', 'wikt', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;speedy delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'speedy', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'del', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;), &quot;&quot;)', 'other', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'replace', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:spelling()', 's', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replink()', '[', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:normcase()', '.', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'r', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:ordinals()', 'ﬆ', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:cardinals()', '1', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dewikifydates()', '–', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:deisodates()', '-', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:bold()', 'b', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:decomma()', ',', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:census()', '2', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dates()', 'd', 't');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:month_de_abbreviate()', '⇄', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:statenames()', '+', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdates()', '/', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdatesm()', 'm/', '');
//        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:math()', 'm', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:use_British_English()', 'B', ''); // Formerly british() - uk dab
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:capitals()', 'C', '');
 
        if ( document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Talk:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary:&quot;)       == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary talk:&quot;)  == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book talk:&quot;)     == 0
        ){
            quick()
        }
        else  { 
            if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
                if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value == msg &amp;&amp; insist==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
                else if  (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value != msg)  {always();}
            }
         };
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afdresult()', 'afd rst', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afddelete()', 'afd', '');
    }
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
/*        usermessage plainlinks */        
    }
}

function addToolBoxLinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Newpages', 'New pages', '');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Shortpages', 'Short pages', '');
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==myLoadFuncs==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function myLoadFuncs(){
    addPurge();
    changeLinks();
    addPreSaveTransform();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) != -1 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) != 0) afdlinks();
    morelinks();
    addToolBoxLinks();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0)
      addVfdLink();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==main==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
$.when($.ready,mw.loader.using('mediawiki.util')).then(myLoadFuncs)

/* &lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;*/</text>
      <sha1>rzhwdy9k0js7lgc5qa5d3ww4x4jh04g</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>900170</id>
      <parentid>900169</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-11-15T14:41:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rich Farmbrough</username>
        <id>359</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>900170</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="83708" sha1="kilqpw44bozkb48bjm10j03e2wd5ir5" xml:space="preserve">// See [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Talk page]]
if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') &gt;= 0)
$(function(){
 var pCactions = document.getElementById('p-cactions');
 if (!pCactions) return;
 var caMain = pCactions.getElementsByTagName('li')[0];
 var caTalk = document.getElementById('ca-talk');
 var caEdit = document.getElementById('ca-edit');
 if (!caEdit) caEdit = document.getElementById('ca-viewsource');
 var caHistory = document.getElementById('ca-history');
 if (!caMain || !caTalk || !caEdit || !caHistory) return;
 var el_move, el_create, id2;
 if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') % 2) { //talk space
   el_move = caTalk; el_create = caMain; id2 = '';
 } else {
   el_move = caMain; el_create = caTalk; id2 = 'discussion';
 }
 caEdit.firstChild.innerHTML = 'edit';
 caHistory.firstChild.innerHTML = 'hist';
 el_move.parentNode.insertBefore(caHistory, el_move.nextSibling);
 el_move.parentNode.insertBefore(caEdit, el_move.nextSibling);
 var href = el_create.firstChild.getAttribute('href', 2);
 if (el_create.className.indexOf('new') &lt; 0){
   addPortletLink('p-cactions', href + '?action=history', 'hist',
     'ca-history-'+id2, id2+' history', '', el_create.nextSibling);
   addPortletLink('p-cactions', href + '?action=edit', 'edit',
     'ca-edit-'+id2, 'Edit '+id2, '', el_create.nextSibling);
 } 
  caMain.style.marginRight = '0.3em'; 
  caTalk.style.marginRight = '0.3em'; 
  caTalk.style.marginLeft  = '1.6em'; 
})
//
/* Text character counter - appears in toolbox */
// importScript('User:Dr pda/prosesize.js');
/*
==/*De-orphaner==
*//**/
// importScript('User:Manishearth/orphantabs.js');
/*
==Suddenly, Tammy!==
*/
// importScript('User:Topbanana/RLRL_SR_Utility.js' );
/*
==Ajax  Preview==
*/
// importScript(&quot;User:Js/ajaxPreview.js&quot;);
// ajaxPreviewPos = 'bottom';  //Buttons on the bottom, replacing standard buttons.

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==clever watchlist stuff==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

$(function (){
  if (mw.config.get('wgCanonicalSpecialPageName') !='Watchlist') return; // Are we (not) on a watchlist?
  //days = document.getElementById('bodyContent').getElementsByTagName('ul');
  days = document.querySelectorAll('ul.special')
  for (d = 0; d &lt; days.length; d++) { //For each day
    day = days[d];
    newday = document.createElement('ul'); //This will replace the old listing
    while ((diffs = day.getElementsByTagName('li')).length &gt; 0) { //Are there any diffs left?
      //Try to extract the namespace
      As = diffs[0].getElementsByTagName('a');
      if (As[0].innerHTML == 'diff')
        pagename = As[2].innerHTML;
      else
        pagename = As[1].innerHTML;
      if (pagename.indexOf(':') == -1)
        namespace = 'Main';
      else
        namespace = pagename.split(':')[0]; //This will fail for articles which contain &quot;:&quot; in name
      hdrs = newday.getElementsByTagName('h5'); //Get the list of namespace headers
      hdr = null;
      for (j=0; j&lt;hdrs.length; j++) //Find the header
        if (hdrs[j].innerHTML==namespace) {
          hdr = hdrs[j]; break;
        }
      if (hdr==null) { //Not found? Make a new one!
        hdr = document.createElement('h5');
        hdr.innerHTML = namespace;
        newday.appendChild(hdr);
        namespacesub = document.createElement('ul');
        newday.appendChild(namespacesub);
      }
      hdr.nextSibling.appendChild(diffs[0]); //Move the diff
    }
    newday.appendChild(document.createElement('hr')); //For readability
    day.parentNode.replaceChild(newday,day);
  }
});
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==closeafd==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

function closeafd(bold, notbold){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = &quot;{{subst:vt}} '''&quot; + bold + &quot;'''&quot; + notbold + &quot;. &amp;ndash; ~~~~\n&quot; + txt.value + &quot;\n{{AfD bottom}}\n&quot;;
  txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
  txt.value = &quot;close discussion: &quot; + bold + notbold;
  document.editform.wpWatchthis.checked = false;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Reg-ex==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function replace(){
    var s = prompt(&quot;Search reg exp?&quot;);
    if(s){
        var r = prompt(&quot;Replace reg exp?&quot;);
        var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
        txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(s, &quot;g&quot;), r);
    }
}

function post_heading(content){
    const headingWithBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)\s*\2\s*\n\n+/gm;
    const withBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithBlankLines) || []).length;
    const headingWithoutBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2(?!\n+)/gm;
    const withoutBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithoutBlankLines) || []).length;
    if (withoutBlankLines &gt;= withBlankLines) {
        content = content.replace(headingWithBlankLines, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; {
            return `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p4}${p3}${p2}\n`;
        });
    }
    return content;
}

function headings(content){
    const headingWithSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s+(.+?)\s+\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const headingWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})[^\s=](.+?[^\s=])\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(headingWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(headingWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &gt; withSpaces) {
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p2}${p4}`);
    }
    else{
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)(\s*)\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6) =&gt; {
            if (!p3 || !p5) return `${p1}${p2}${p4}${p2}`; // Use no spaces
            return `${p1}${p2} ${p4} ${p2}`; // Use single spaces
        });
    }
    return content
}

function lists(content){
    const listItemsWithSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+) /gsm;
    const listItemsWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)[^;:\*# ]/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &lt; withSpaces) {
        item = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)([^;:\*# ])/gm;
        content = content.replace(item, (match, p1, p2, p3) =&gt; `${p1}${p2} ${p3}`);
    }
    return content
}

/* Remember doesn't apply to pages outside main namespace */
msg=&quot;Copyedit. &quot;;
insist=0;
diff=1;
preview=0;
submit=0;
function always(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  let is_dab = /{{\s*(disambiguation|dab|disamb|disambig|dbig)\b/i.test(txt.value); /* Disambiguation flag */
  temp=txt.value;
  var test=0;
  txt.value = lists(txt.value);
  // if (!wpSection || !wpSection.value) {
  if (!/&amp;section=/.test(window.location.href)){
      txt.value = add_authority_control(txt.value);  
  } 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ISBN:\s*/gm, &quot;ISBN &quot;);
  if (!txt.value.match(/&lt;math&gt;/)){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ +$/gm, &quot;&quot;); /* trailing spaces get rid of */
  }
  txt.value = headings(txt.value);
  txt.value = post_heading(txt.value);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/==(\n)\n+/gm, &quot;==$1$1&quot;); /* remove multiple blank line after headers */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=])(\n)(\n*)==/gm, &quot;$1$2$2==&quot;); /* One blank line before headers */
/* ^ should also not match a comment after a header followed by another header */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[J\.* *R\.* *R\.* *Tolk(?:ie|ei)n\]\]('|’)s/gim, &quot;[[J. R. R. Tolkien|J. R. R. Tolkien$1s]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Country Music\|(C|c)ountry\]\]/gm, &quot;[[Country music|$1ountry]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([a-z,] )\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1[[country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\n|\.|\=\s*) \[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1 [[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\(\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;([[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{template:/gim, &quot;{{&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{cite-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cite-section|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{expand}}/gim, &quot;{{Expand|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(cleanup|clean|clean up|clean-up|attention)}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(an|cn|citation(_|-| |)needed|citation required|cite(_|-| |)needed|needs( |_)citation|reference( |_)needed|uncited|fact)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Citation needed|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(recently revised|rrevised|)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Recently revised|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(significance|importance|explain significance)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(importance-s)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance-s|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{Cleanup-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup-section|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(uncategorizedstub|uncatstub)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorizedstub|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unlinked|linkless|orphan)}}/gim, &quot;{{Orphan|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(classify|categories needed|catneeded|categori(s|z)e|nocats*|categoryneeded|uncat|uncategori(s|z)ed)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorized|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
if (test==1 &amp;&amp; temp!=txt.value){temp=txt.value;document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;4&quot;;}

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*external\s*links*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1External links$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*references*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1References$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[US\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*(USA|US|U\.S\.)\s*\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United States\|USA\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\]\]([^\.])/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\]\]/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  if (!is_dab){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|MongoliaUlan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru))\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\[\|:]+)\|([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|Mongolia|Ulan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru)\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Rome, Italy\|Rome\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Rome]]&quot;);
  }
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\{\{lifetime\|/gim, &quot;{{subst:ltm|&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  // add any custom message to summary
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + msg;
  /* fix specific typo, if in edit summary */
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value.replace(/([Tt])empalte/g, &quot;$1emplate&quot;);
  if (diff==1) {document.editform.wpDiff.click();}
  else if (submit==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
}

function isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates){
   // Create a regex pattern to match any of the templates
  var regexString = '{{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?(?:' + templates.map(function(t) {
     return t.replace(/ /g, '\\s*');
  }).join('|') + ')\\b[^}]*}}';
  return new RegExp(regexString, 'i');
}

function add_authority_control(content) {
  // List of template names to check for (including redirects)
  var templates = [
            'Authority control',
            'Authority Control',
            'Authoritycontrol',
            'External identifiers',
            'External Identifiers',
            'Externalidentifiers',
            'Authority comtrol',
            'Auth',
            'AutC'
  ];
  
  var regex = isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates);

  // If any of the redirect templates are found, return content unchanged
  if (regex.test(content)) {
      return content;
  }
  var lines = content.split('\n');
  var category_found = false
 
  // Work backwards from the end to find the correct insertion point
  for (var insertIndex = lines.length - 1; insertIndex &gt;= 0; insertIndex--) {
      var line = lines[insertIndex].trim();

      if (line === '') {
         // Blank line, continue searching
         continue;
      }

      // Check for stubs
      if (/^\{\{\s*[^}]*-stub\s*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a stub template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for categories
      if (/^\[\[\s*Category:.*\]\]\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's a category, continue searching
          category_found = true;    
          continue;
      }

      // Check for DEFAULTSORT (case-insensitive)
      if (/^\{\{\s*DEFAULTSORT:.*\}\}\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's DEFAULTSORT, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for &quot;Use ...&quot; or &quot;{{Coord...&quot;templates
      if (/^\{\{\s*([Uu]se|[Cc]oord).*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a &quot;Use ...&quot; template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Found where to insert the template
      insertIndex += 1;
      break;
    }

    if (!category_found){
        return(content);
    }
    // Prepare the template to insert
    var authorityControlTemplate = '{{Authority control}}';

    // Decide whether to add a blank line before the template
    var lineBeforeInsert = lines[insertIndex - 1] || '';
    if (lineBeforeInsert.trim() !== '' &amp;&amp; !/^\{\{[^}]*\}\}\s*$/.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())) {
        // If the line before is not a template, add a blank line
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);    
    } else if (/^\{\{[Rr]eflist[^}]*\}\}\s*$/i.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())){
         // Template is probably not navbox or succession box  
         lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);
    } else {
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, authorityControlTemplate);
    }
    return lines.join('\n');
}

function quick(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  temp=txt.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(User|Special|Template)/gi,&quot;[[$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(File|Image|Category)/gi,&quot;[[:$1&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Fix multiple : lint error. &quot;;
}


function summary_append(appendStr, replaceStr) {
    const summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary;
    const currentValue = summary.value;

    if (currentValue.includes(appendStr)) {
        if (replaceStr &amp;&amp; !currentValue.includes(replaceStr)) {
            // Replace appendStr with replaceStr
            summary.value = currentValue.replace(appendStr, replaceStr);
        }
        // Do nothing if replaceStr is empty
    } else {
        // Append appendStr if not already in the summary
        summary.value += appendStr;
    }
}


function spelling(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // Preserve text in quotes, template parameters called &quot;title,&quot; and image names
    var preservePatterns = [
        /&quot;[^&quot;]*&quot;/g,                                    // Text in quotes
        /title\s*=\s*[^|\n}]*/ig,                      // Template parameters called &quot;title&quot;
        /\[\[(File|Image):[^\]]+\]\]/ig,               // Image names in square brackets
        /(\b(map|image)\s*=\s*)(File|Image):[^\n|}]+\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg)/ig  // Image names as parameter values
    ];
    
    var preserved = [];
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(preservePatterns.map(p =&gt; p.source).join('|'), 'gi'), function(match) {
        preserved.push(match);
        return &quot;&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE&quot; + (preserved.length - 1) + &quot;&gt;&gt;&gt;&quot;;
    });
//  canonicalise bda
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{bda\|/i,&quot;{{Birth date and age|&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{dda\|/i,&quot;{{Death date and age|&quot;);

/* Date order */
// Ranges first:
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s+((0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d) *([-–—−\/]|through|to) *(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d))\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
//single dates
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s+(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d)\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
// normalise spacing
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\b\d{1,2})\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// leading 0
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b0(\d)\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// delink
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*\b(\d{1,2})\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*\]\]/ig,&quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// remove comma and delink year
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*,*\s*\[\[(\d{1,4})\b(\s*)\]\](\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)
// remove comma if year 
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*,*\s*(\d{3,4})\b(\s*)(\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)

// Fix up birth/death date templates mf=y/yes
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]irth[ _]*date|[Dd]eath[ _]*date)\s*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|\s*\d*\s*)*\|)\s*mf\s*=\s*[yY](?:es)*\s*(\||}|\n)/g,&quot;$1df=y$2&quot;)
// Fix up birth/death date templates only digits
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]ir|[Dd]ea)th[ _]*date[ _]*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|[ \d]*)*)}}/g,&quot;$1|df=y}}&quot;)

// Update any existing dmy tag
    oldtxt = txt.value;
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{[_ ]*(Dmy|Use[_ ]*dmy|Use[_ ]+dmy[_ ]+dates)[_ ]*\|\s*date\s*=\s*[a-z]+\s+\d+\s*}}/i, &quot;{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;)
    if (oldtxt == txt.value) {
//     Add dmy template if not already here
       if (txt.value.indexOf('{{use dmy') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use dmy') == -1) {
           txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\n*((?:{{DEFAULTSORT:[^}]*}}){0,1}\n\[\[Category:)/,&quot;\n{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}\n\n$1&quot;)
           if (txt.value.indexOf('{{dmy') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use dmy') == -1) {
               txt.value = txt.value + &quot;\n{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;
           }  
        }
        summary_append(&quot;Date formats. &quot;);
    }
    else {
        summary_append(&quot;Update tag. &quot;, &quot;Update tags. &quot;);
    }

    // Restore preserved parts
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE(\d+)&gt;&gt;&gt;/g, function(match, p1) {
        return preserved[parseInt(p1)];
    });

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}

function use_British_English(){
    return
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*
Template:EB (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Eb (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Scottish English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:En-GB (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use british english (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use British (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use british (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Ube (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:UBE (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use BrE (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Welsh English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use British English spelling (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Uken (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:UKEN (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Birtish English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
*/
// Update any existing UBE tag, or change EngvarB, skip Welsh or Scottish
    oldtxt = txt.value;
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{[_ ]*(EngvarB|Eb|Ube|En-Gb|UKEN|Use[_ ]*dmy|Use[_ ]+B(ri|ir)tish([_ ]+English(|[_ ]*spelling))?)[_ ]*\|\s*date\s*=\s*[a-z]+\s+\d+\s*}}/i, &quot;{{Use British English|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;)
    if (oldtxt == txt.value) {
//     Add template if not already here
       if (txt.value.indexOf('{{Use British') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use Scottish') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use Welsh') == -1) {
           txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\n*((?:{{DEFAULTSORT:[^}]*}}){0,1}\n\[\[Category:)/,&quot;\n{{Use British English|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}\n\n$1&quot;)
           if (txt.value.indexOf('{{Use British') == -1) {
               txt.value = txt.value + &quot;\n{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;
           }  
        }
        summary_append(&quot;Add tag. &quot;, &quot;Add tags. &quot;);  
    }
    else {
        summary_append(&quot;Update tag. &quot;, &quot;Update tags. &quot;);
    }

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();    
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Simplify wikilinks==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function decomma(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(.*)?  (.*)?\]\]/g,&quot;[[$1 $2]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[ /g,&quot;[[&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ \]\]/g,&quot;]]&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ ==$/gm, &quot;==&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^== /gm, &quot;==&quot;);
/*De-pipe if possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
/* Pull text inside piped link */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]\|]+)\]\]([A-Za-z\'])([\w\d]*)([\.\,\;\:\&quot;\!\?\s]+)/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2$3$4]]$5&quot;); 
/*De-pipe if now possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
  
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Simplified wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/* document.forms.editform.submit(); */
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Repeated links==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function replink(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]]*)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\|\2\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2]]$3$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]]+)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2$1&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Remove duplicate wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}


function normcase(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ (==+)$/gm, &quot;$1&quot;);
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+) /gm, &quot;$1&quot;);  
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==\s*\&quot;*[\w])(.*==)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2) { 
        return($1.toUpperCase()+$2.toLowerCase());
      }
   );*/
  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==+\s*\&quot;*)(.*?)(==+)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2,$3) {
        var result=$1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3;
        if ($0==result) {return (result);}
        result = result.replace (/^(==+)\s*(.*?[^\s])\s*(==+)$/,&quot;$1&quot;+&quot;$2&quot;+&quot;$3&quot;);
        return (result);    
//        return($1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3)
      }      
   );
   var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
   var summary = &quot;Correct caps in section header. &quot;;
   if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
	if (txt.value.match(/.*[^\s]$/)) {
	    txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
        }
	txt.value += summary;
  }
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==toHeaderCase==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function toHeaderCase(txt){
// All caps stay all caps if more than 1 letter
// First word gets a cap
// Words containing a fullstop unchanged
// DVD and LP to caps
// TV to Television
// USA to US
// &amp; to and
// rest to lowercase
  var words = new Array();
  var result = &quot;&quot;;
  words = txt.split(' ');

  for (var i=0;i&lt;words.length;i++){
//    Replace specific abbreviations (don't worry about case)
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^tv$/gim, &quot;television&quot;);
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^&amp;$/gim, &quot;and&quot;);

//    Ignore most other abbreviations for now 
      if ((( words[i].length &gt; 1) &amp;&amp; (words[i] == words[i].toUpperCase() )) 
        || ( words[i].indexOf('.')!= -1) || (words[i]==&quot;I&quot;)
      ){
//        Do nothing
      }
//    Else capitalise first word 
      else if (i==0) {
          words[i]=words[i].substring(0,1).toUpperCase()+words[i].substring(1).toLowerCase();
      }
//    Lowercase the rest 
      else {words[i]=words[i].toLowerCase();}
//    Add the word to the result string 
      if (i==0) {result=words[i];}  else {result=result+&quot; &quot;+words[i];} 
  }
//Uppercase/correct specific abbreviations 
  result = result.replace(/\blp\b/gim, &quot;LP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\blps\b/gim, &quot;LPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bep\b/gim, &quot;EP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\beps\b/gim, &quot;EPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvd\b/gim, &quot;DVD&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvds\b/gim, &quot;DVDs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bUSA\b/gim, &quot;US&quot;);

  return(result);
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Units==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function census(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

    // Convert &amp;deg; into ° symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;deg;/g, '°');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/º/g, '°');


    // Convert &amp;sup; into superscript ² symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup2;/g, '²');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup3;/g, '³');

    // Convert the word ohm(s) or the html entity into the actual Ω symbol (Omega, not the actual ohm symbol &amp;#8486;) and make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?\s?(&amp;Omega;|ohm|Ohm)s?([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Ω$4');

    // Convert various micro symbols into the actual micro symbol, make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(&amp;mu;|μ|&amp;micro;)(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 µ$3$4');

    // Convert capital K to lowercase k in units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?K(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 k$2$3');

    // Fix common spelling error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/celcius/gi, 'Celsius');

    // Capitalize units correctly
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(khz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 kHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mhz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 MHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ghz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 GHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(hz|HZ)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Hz$4');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(pa|PA)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Pa$4');

    // Fix kilometres
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kms)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise kilometres per hour and add space
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/hr)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmh)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/h)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // Space before horsepower symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(hp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 hp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bhp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 bhp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(shp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 shp$3');

    // Space before other units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(cc)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 cc$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ml)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 ml$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise miles per hour and rpm
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(m.p.h.)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;mph$3');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 rpm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;rpm$3');

    // Standardise symbol for pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d\+?)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d&amp;nbsp;lb)s/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(\[\[lbs\]\])/gi, '$1 \[\[Pound (mass)|lb\]\]');

    // Standardise symbol for foot pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');

    // Symbols for feet and inches

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^;°]\s?\s?)(\d{1,4})\s?(['’])\s?(\d{1,2})\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([:=\/\(])\s*(\d{1,3)\s?(['’])\s?(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(eight[:= ]{1,2})\s?(\d)-(\d{1,2})([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 $2 ft $3 in');


    // Give digital value a percent symbol '%' instead of word
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)[\s?-]per *cent([^aei])/gi, '$1%$2');

    // Add a space before dB or B
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(dB|B)\b/g, '$1 $2');

    // Add a space before any units that were missed before
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(g|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|°F|M)([\s,.\\/)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // Separate one for seconds since they give a lot of false positives like &quot;1970s&quot;.  Only difference is mandatory prefix.
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)(s)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // bps or b/s or bits/s --&gt; bit/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(bps|bits?\/s|b\/s)/g, ' $1bit/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bps)/gi, '$1 bit/s');

    // Bps or byte/s or bytes/s --&gt; B/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(Bps|bytes?\/s)/g, ' $1B/s');

    // After that, make capitalization correct
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/K(bit|B)\/s/g, 'k$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/m(bit|B)\/s/g, 'M$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/g(bit|B)\/s/g, 'G$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/t(bit|B)\/s/g, 'T$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/e(bit|B)\/s/g, 'E$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/y(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Y$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/z(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Z$1/s');

    // Common error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/mibi(bit|byte)/g, 'mebi$1');

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Units. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; | &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Day slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*Note a leading colon could well be an &quot;EasyTimeline&quot; */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d\d\d\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/([0|1|2|3]?\d)/gm, &quot;$1$4 zz$3zz $2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)([0|1|2|3]?\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz $4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d+)\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d{1,2})\/(\d{1,2})\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Month slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdatesm(){ /* month day year - pox. */
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==British Old English==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

function british(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|Old English]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\|/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|British]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;dab/red UK/OE. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Math==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function math(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\binom\s*\{([^\}]*)\}\s*\{([^\}]*)\}/gim, &quot;{ $1 \\choose $2 }&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\$\s*(.*?)\s*\$/gim, &quot;\&lt;math\&gt;$1\&lt;\/math\&gt;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\displaystyle/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\partial/gim, &quot;\\part&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\end\{array\}/gim, &quot;\\end{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\begin\{array\}\s*\(11\)/gim, &quot;\\begin{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\rvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\lvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\.\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\.&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\,\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\,&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mbox/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mathscr/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/“/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/”/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;&lt;br&gt;{{planetmath|id=|title=}} &quot;
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;[[Category:combinatorics]]&quot;
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=&quot;Import from Planet Math. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==bold==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function bold(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  var title = document.title.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Bold/Italics. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==State names==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function statenames(){
   var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAL\b/gm,&quot;Alabama&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAK\b/gm,&quot;Alaska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAZ\b/gm,&quot;Arizona&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAR\b/gm,&quot;Arkansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCA\b/gm,&quot;California&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCO\b/gm,&quot;Colorado&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCT\b/gm,&quot;Connecticut&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDE\b/gm,&quot;Delaware&quot;); 
   /* txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDC\b/gm,&quot;District of Columbia&quot;); */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFL\b/gm,&quot;Florida&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGA\b/gm,&quot;Georgia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bHI\b/gm,&quot;Hawaii&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bID\b/gm,&quot;Idaho&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIL\b/gm,&quot;Illinois&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIN\b/gm,&quot;Indiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIA\b/gm,&quot;Iowa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKS\b/gm,&quot;Kansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKY\b/gm,&quot;Kentucky&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bLA\b/gm,&quot;Louisiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bME\b/gm,&quot;Maine&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMD\b/gm,&quot;Maryland&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMA\b/gm,&quot;Massachusetts&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMI\b/gm,&quot;Michigan&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMN\b/gm,&quot;Minnesota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMS\b/gm,&quot;Mississippi&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMO\b/gm,&quot;Missouri&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMT\b/gm,&quot;Montana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNE\b/gm,&quot;Nebraska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNV\b/gm,&quot;Nevada&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNH\b/gm,&quot;New Hampshire&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNJ\b/gm,&quot;New Jersey&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNM\b/gm,&quot;New Mexico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNY\b/gm,&quot;New York&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNC\b/gm,&quot;North Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bND\b/gm,&quot;North Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOH\b/gm,&quot;Ohio&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOK\b/gm,&quot;Oklahoma&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOR\b/gm,&quot;Oregon&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPA\b/gm,&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bRI\b/gm,&quot;Rhode Island&quot;); /* and Providence Plantations, naturally */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSC\b/gm,&quot;South Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSD\b/gm,&quot;South Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTN\b/gm,&quot;Tennessee&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTX\b/gm,&quot;Texas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bUT\b/gm,&quot;Utah&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVT\b/gm,&quot;Vermont&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVA\b/gm,&quot;Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWA\b/gm,&quot;Washington&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWV\b/gm,&quot;West Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWI\b/gm,&quot;Wisconsin&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWY\b/gm,&quot;Wyoming&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAS\b/gm,&quot;American Samoa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGU\b/gm,&quot;Guam&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMP\b/gm,&quot;Northern Mariana Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPR\b/gm,&quot;Puerto Rico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVI\b/gm,&quot;Virgin Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFM\b/gm,&quot;Federated States of Micronesia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMH\b/gm,&quot;Marshall Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPW\b/gm,&quot;Palau&quot;);
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCZ\b/gm,&quot;Panama Canal Zone&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPI\b/gm,&quot;Philippines&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTT\b/gm,&quot;Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCM\b/gm,&quot;Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands&quot;);
  
   document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Expand US postal abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*
  if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value==&quot;Date fixes. &quot;) {
    document.forms.editform.submit();
  }
  else
*/
 if(txt.value.indexOf(&quot;opyvio&quot;) == -1){
/* Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/accessdate\s*=\s*(\w)/gm,&quot;accessdate = $1X&quot;);
/* Ranges of days within months */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*(\d{1,2})\s*-\s*(\d{1,2})(\D)/gm,&quot;$1 $2-$1 $3$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*-\s*([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/gm,&quot;$1 $3-$2 $3&quot;);
/* standard formats */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);

/* The xxx th of yyy */

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1 $2 $3&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1 $2$3&quot;);
/* xx th of yyy

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
*/
/* jan.... */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jan)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jan)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar])(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Januar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Feb)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Feb)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Februar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Mar)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Mar)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Mairch$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Apr)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Apr)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Aprile$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jun)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Juin $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jun)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juin$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Juin$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jul)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jul)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Julie$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Aug)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Aug)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 August$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 August$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Sep|Sept)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Sep|Sept)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 September$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 September$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Oct)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Oct)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 October$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 October$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Nov)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Nov)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 November$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 November$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Dec)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Dec)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 December$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d\_])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 December$4&quot;);

/* accessmonthday, accessyear */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\]\s*\|\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)/gi, &quot;$1$2&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)(\s*\|\s*accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\])/gi, &quot;$1$2$3&quot;);


/* De-Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ac+es+date(\s*=\s*)(\w)X/gm,&quot;accessdate$1$2&quot;);

/* document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Tidy dates (where month and day both present). &quot;; */
document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/*document.forms.editform.submit(); */
    } /* if not a copyvio */
}

function month_de_abbreviate(){
 var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jan)\b/gim, &quot;Januar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Feb)\b/gim, &quot;Februar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Mar)\b/gim, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Apr)\b/gim, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jun)\b/gim, &quot;Juin&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jul)\b/gim, &quot;Julie&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Aug)\b/gim, &quot;August&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Sep|Sept)\b/gim, &quot;September&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Oct)\b/gim, &quot;October&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Nov)\b/gim, &quot;November&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Dec)\b/gim, &quot;December&quot;);
 document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Fix month abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Capitals==
A crude first pass fixer for text that is almost all in lowercase
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function capitals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +a/gm, &quot;$1 A&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +b/gm, &quot;$1 B&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +c/gm, &quot;$1 C&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +d/gm, &quot;$1 D&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +e/gm, &quot;$1 E&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +f/gm, &quot;$1 F&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +g/gm, &quot;$1 G&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +h/gm, &quot;$1 H&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +i/gm, &quot;$1 I&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +j/gm, &quot;$1 J&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +k/gm, &quot;$1 K&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +l/gm, &quot;$1 L&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +m/gm, &quot;$1 M&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +n/gm, &quot;$1 N&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +o/gm, &quot;$1 O&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +p/gm, &quot;$1 P&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +q/gm, &quot;$1 Q&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +r/gm, &quot;$1 R&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +s/gm, &quot;$1 S&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +t/gm, &quot;$1 T&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +u/gm, &quot;$1 U&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +v/gm, &quot;$1 V&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +w/gm, &quot;$1 W&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +x/gm, &quot;$1 X&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +y/gm, &quot;$1 Y&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +z/gm, &quot;$1 Z&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Caps &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dewikify dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dewikifydates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // century
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](centuries)\]\]/gi, '$1 centuries');

    // decades
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4}s)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // months
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[January\|(Jan)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[February\|(Feb)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[March\|(Mar)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[April\|(Apr)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[May\|(May)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[June\|(Jun)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[July\|(Jul)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[August\|(Aug)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[September\|(Sep)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[October\|(Oct)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[November\|(Nov)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[December\|(Dec)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{3,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // days of the week including optional plurals
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mondays?|Tuesdays?|Wednesdays?|Thursdays?|Fridays?|Saturdays?|Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    // days of the week but leave out 'Sun' as potentially valid link to the Sun
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mon|Tue|Tues|Wed|Thu|Thur|Thurs|Fri|Sat)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Mondays?\|(Mondays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Tuesdays?\|(Tuesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Wednesdays?\|(Wednesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Thursdays?\|(Thursdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Fridays?\|(Fridays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Saturdays?\|(Saturdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Sundays?\|(Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // ranked days
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // misconfigured
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // Month plus year
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s*,*\s* \d\d\d+)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // year
    //BC etc
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE)\|(\d{1,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    //4 digits years piped into 2
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    var x=0;
    while (x&lt;3) {x++;  
    //year: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');
    }


    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Date fragments delinked. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Deiso dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
const monthNames = [&quot;Januar&quot;, &quot;Februar&quot;, &quot;Mairch&quot;, &quot;Aprile&quot;, &quot;Mey&quot;, &quot;Juin&quot;,
                        &quot;Julie&quot;, &quot;August&quot;, &quot;September&quot;, &quot;October&quot;, &quot;November&quot;, &quot;December&quot;];
function deisodates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
       
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})\b/g, (match, year, month, day) =&gt; {
        const monthIndex = parseInt(month, 10) - 1;
        return `${parseInt(day, 10)} ${monthNames[monthIndex]} ${year}`;
    });

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Format dates. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Cardinals==
Up to 99
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function cardinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 10( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ten$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 11( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eleven$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 12( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twelve$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 13( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 14( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fourteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 15( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 16( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 17( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventeen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 18( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 19( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; nineteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 20( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 30( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 40( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 50( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 60( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 70( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 80( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 90( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 100( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; one hundred$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 2(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )1( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1one$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )2( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1two$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )3( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1three$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )4( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1four$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )5( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1five$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )6( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1six$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )7( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1seven$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )8( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1eight$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )9( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1nine$2&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Cardinals. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Ordinals==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function ordinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )1st/gm, &quot;$1first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2nd/gm, &quot;$1second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )3rd/gm, &quot;$1third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )4th/gm, &quot;$1fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )5th/gm, &quot;$1fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )6th/gm, &quot;$1sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )7th/gm, &quot;$1seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )8th/gm, &quot;$1eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )9th/gm, &quot;$1ninth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )10th/gm, &quot;$1tenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )11th/gm, &quot;$1eleventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )12th/gm, &quot;$1twelfth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )13th/gm, &quot;$1thirteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )14th/gm, &quot;$1fourteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )15th/gm, &quot;$1fifteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )16th/gm, &quot;$1sixteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )17th/gm, &quot;$1seventeenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )18th/gm, &quot;$1eighteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )19th/gm, &quot;$1nineteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )20th/gm, &quot;$1twentieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )30th/gm, &quot;$1thirtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )40th/gm, &quot;$1fortieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )50th/gm, &quot;$1fiftieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )60th/gm, &quot;$1sixtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )70th/gm, &quot;$1seventieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )80th/gm, &quot;$1eightieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )90th/gm, &quot;$1ninetieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot;$1twenty-$2$3&quot;); 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-1st/gm, &quot;-first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-2nd/gm, &quot;-second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-3rd/gm, &quot;-third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-4th/gm, &quot;-fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-5th/gm, &quot;-fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-6th/gm, &quot;-sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-7th/gm, &quot;-seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-8th/gm, &quot;-eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-9th/gm, &quot;-ninth&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Ordinals. &quot;;
}
 
function afdresult(){
    var res = prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;);
    if(!res) return;
    document.editform.wpSummary.value = 'VFD result - ' + res.replace(/'/g, '');
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    if(txt.value.length &gt; 0) txt.value += '\n';
    txt.value += '==VFD==\nOn [[DAY MONTH]] [[2005]], this article was nominated for deletion. The result was ' + res + '. See [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/{{subst:PAGENAME}}]] for a record of the discussion. &amp;ndash; ~~~~';
    txt.focus();
}

function hideafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;none&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = 'none';
}

function showafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = '';
}

function afdlinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:hideafd()', 'hide closed', 'ca-hide');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:showafd()', 'show closed', 'ca-show');
}

function addPurge(){
	if (!(mw.config.get('wgCanonicalNamespace') == 'Special'))
		mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', mw.config.get('wgServer') + '/w/index.php?title=' + encodeURIComponent(mw.config.get('wgPageName')) + '&amp;action=purge', 'Purge', 'ca-purge', 'Purge server cache for this page.', '0');
}

importScript('Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Scripts/Add edit section 0');

function changeLinks(){
    if(!document.getElementById) return;
    document.getElementById('pt-mytalk').firstChild.innerHTML = 'talk';
    document.getElementById('pt-watchlist').firstChild.innerHTML = 'watchlist';
    document.getElementById('pt-mycontris').firstChild.innerHTML = 'contributions';
}

function addPreSaveTransform(){
    // diff.click takes us to submit for some reason (the diff button doesn't)
    if (!/&amp;action=(edit|submit)/.test(window.location.href)) return;
    if (!document.forms.editform) return;
    document.forms.editform.wpSave.onclick = preSaveTransform;
}

function preSaveTransform(){
    console.log('Called PST');
    simplify_piped_links()
    updateSummary()
}

function simplify_piped_links() {
    // Get the edit box element (wpTextbox1 is the ID for the main edit area on Wikipedia)
    var editBox = document.getElementById('wpTextbox1');

    // Get the current text from the edit box
    var text = editBox.value;

    // Simplify piped links
    var simplifiedText = text.replace(/\[\[([^\|\]]+)\|([^\]]+)\]\]/g, function(match, target, display) {
        // Only replace if the display text is the same as the target text,
        // considering that the first letter is case-insensitive
        if (target.charAt(0).toLowerCase() === display.charAt(0).toLowerCase() &amp;&amp;
            target.slice(1) === display.slice(1)) {
            return '[[' + display + ']]';
        }
        // Otherwise, keep the original piped link
        return match;
    });

    // Update the edit box with the simplified text
    editBox.value = simplifiedText;
}


function isTalk(){
    if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') % 2 != 0) {
        return true
    }
    return false  
}

function isNewSection(){
    if (/&amp;section=new/.test(window.location.href)){
        return true
    }
    return false  
}
    
function updateSummary(){
    var summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value;
    if (isTalk()) {
        if (!isNewSection()){
            summary = update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary)
        }
    }
    summary = ascii_to_unicode(summary);
    summary = expand_abbr(summary);
    document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = summary;
    return true;
}

function ascii_to_unicode(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/-&gt;/g, &quot;→&quot;)
    .replace(/&lt;-/g, '←')
    .replace(/&lt;-&gt;/g, '↔')
    .replace(/\^/g, '↑')
    .replace(/\v/g, '↓');
    return text	
}

function expand_abbr(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/\bc\b/g,   'Copyedit. ')
    .replace(/\bty\b/g,   'Typo. ') // not t which picks up don't etc.
    .replace(/\bsp\b/g,  'Spelling.') // not s which picks up possessives
    .replace(/\bpn\b/g,  'is not a proper noun. ')
    .replace(/\bg\b/g,   'Grammar. ')
    .replace(/\btau\b/g, 'Tautology. ')
    .replace(/\bfp\b/g,  'Avoid future in the past tense. ')
    .replace(/\b1p\b/g,  'Avoid first person. ') // evaluate if this is useful
    .replace(/\b2p\b/g,  'Avoid second person. ')
    .replace(/  /g, ' ');
    return text	
}

function update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary){
    // If we've created a new second level section on a section edit, change the edit summary to reflect this.
    // Also update edit summary if section header changed.
    // Check if it's a section edit.  
    var old_header = summary.match(/(\/\* (.*) \*\/)/);
    if (!old_header) {return summary} // No header in the summary so this wasn't a section edit. 
    // Since we haven't stashed the page, we assume that the last level 2 section is the new one. 
    // Let's load all the level 2 headers from the edit window
    var temp = document.editform.wpTextbox1.value;
    var headerRegex = /^==\s*([^=].*?)\s*==/gm; // Must only match level 2 for now.
    var headers = [...temp.matchAll(headerRegex)];
    if (headers.length == 0) {return summary} // No headers, nothing to do
    if (headers.length == 1 &amp;&amp; old_header == 'top') {return summary} // Lets leave it in this case.
    // Grab the last header and use that.
    var edited_or_new_section_header = headers[headers.length - 1][1];
    summary_text = summary.match(/\/\* .* \*\/(.*)/)[1].trim();
    var new_header_part = &quot;/* &quot; + edited_or_new_section_header + &quot; */&quot;;
    summary = new_header_part + summary_text;
    return summary     
}

function afddelete(){
    var form = document.forms.deleteconfirm;
    form.wpReason.value = '[[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/' + unescape(window.location.href.replace(/^.*\?title=([^&amp;]+)&amp;action=delete.*$/, '$1').replace(/_/g, ' ')) + ']]';
    form.wpConfirm.checked = true;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==morelinks==
Basically afd results, shortcuts and non-mainspace pst
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function morelinks(){
/*
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Move &quot;) == 0 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot; - &quot;) != -1){
         var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

         document.forms.editform.submit();
    }
 */
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;keep&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'keep', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;merge and redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Merge and redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'merge', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'redir', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to &quot; + prompt(&quot;Transwiki to?&quot;))', 'trans', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to Wiktionary&quot;)', 'wikt', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;speedy delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'speedy', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'del', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;), &quot;&quot;)', 'other', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'replace', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:spelling()', 's', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replink()', '[', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:normcase()', '.', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'r', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:ordinals()', 'ﬆ', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:cardinals()', '1', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dewikifydates()', '–', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:deisodates()', '-', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:bold()', 'b', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:decomma()', ',', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:census()', '2', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dates()', 'd', 't');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:month_de_abbreviate()', '⇄', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:statenames()', '+', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdates()', '/', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdatesm()', 'm/', '');
//        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:math()', 'm', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:use_British_English()', 'B', ''); // Formerly british() - uk dab
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:capitals()', 'C', '');
 
        if ( document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Talk:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary:&quot;)       == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary talk:&quot;)  == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book talk:&quot;)     == 0
        ){
            quick()
        }
        else  { 
            if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
                if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value == msg &amp;&amp; insist==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
                else if  (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value != msg)  {always();}
            }
         };
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afdresult()', 'afd rst', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afddelete()', 'afd', '');
    }
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
/*        usermessage plainlinks */        
    }
}

function addToolBoxLinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Newpages', 'New pages', '');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Shortpages', 'Short pages', '');
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==myLoadFuncs==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function myLoadFuncs(){
    addPurge();
    changeLinks();
    addPreSaveTransform();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) != -1 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) != 0) afdlinks();
    morelinks();
    addToolBoxLinks();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0)
      addVfdLink();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==main==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
$.when($.ready,mw.loader.using('mediawiki.util')).then(myLoadFuncs)

/* &lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;*/</text>
      <sha1>kilqpw44bozkb48bjm10j03e2wd5ir5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>900172</id>
      <parentid>900170</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-11-15T14:47:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rich Farmbrough</username>
        <id>359</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>900172</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="82758" sha1="m8w7c3cv7kn4tavya69x7j1740wphai" xml:space="preserve">// See [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Talk page]]
if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') &gt;= 0)
$(function(){
 var pCactions = document.getElementById('p-cactions');
 if (!pCactions) return;
 var caMain = pCactions.getElementsByTagName('li')[0];
 var caTalk = document.getElementById('ca-talk');
 var caEdit = document.getElementById('ca-edit');
 if (!caEdit) caEdit = document.getElementById('ca-viewsource');
 var caHistory = document.getElementById('ca-history');
 if (!caMain || !caTalk || !caEdit || !caHistory) return;
 var el_move, el_create, id2;
 if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') % 2) { //talk space
   el_move = caTalk; el_create = caMain; id2 = '';
 } else {
   el_move = caMain; el_create = caTalk; id2 = 'discussion';
 }
 caEdit.firstChild.innerHTML = 'edit';
 caHistory.firstChild.innerHTML = 'hist';
 el_move.parentNode.insertBefore(caHistory, el_move.nextSibling);
 el_move.parentNode.insertBefore(caEdit, el_move.nextSibling);
 var href = el_create.firstChild.getAttribute('href', 2);
 if (el_create.className.indexOf('new') &lt; 0){
   addPortletLink('p-cactions', href + '?action=history', 'hist',
     'ca-history-'+id2, id2+' history', '', el_create.nextSibling);
   addPortletLink('p-cactions', href + '?action=edit', 'edit',
     'ca-edit-'+id2, 'Edit '+id2, '', el_create.nextSibling);
 } 
  caMain.style.marginRight = '0.3em'; 
  caTalk.style.marginRight = '0.3em'; 
  caTalk.style.marginLeft  = '1.6em'; 
})
//
/* Text character counter - appears in toolbox */
// importScript('User:Dr pda/prosesize.js');
/*
==/*De-orphaner==
*//**/
// importScript('User:Manishearth/orphantabs.js');
/*
==Suddenly, Tammy!==
*/
// importScript('User:Topbanana/RLRL_SR_Utility.js' );
/*
==Ajax  Preview==
*/
// importScript(&quot;User:Js/ajaxPreview.js&quot;);
// ajaxPreviewPos = 'bottom';  //Buttons on the bottom, replacing standard buttons.

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==clever watchlist stuff==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

$(function (){
  if (mw.config.get('wgCanonicalSpecialPageName') !='Watchlist') return; // Are we (not) on a watchlist?
  //days = document.getElementById('bodyContent').getElementsByTagName('ul');
  days = document.querySelectorAll('ul.special')
  for (d = 0; d &lt; days.length; d++) { //For each day
    day = days[d];
    newday = document.createElement('ul'); //This will replace the old listing
    while ((diffs = day.getElementsByTagName('li')).length &gt; 0) { //Are there any diffs left?
      //Try to extract the namespace
      As = diffs[0].getElementsByTagName('a');
      if (As[0].innerHTML == 'diff')
        pagename = As[2].innerHTML;
      else
        pagename = As[1].innerHTML;
      if (pagename.indexOf(':') == -1)
        namespace = 'Main';
      else
        namespace = pagename.split(':')[0]; //This will fail for articles which contain &quot;:&quot; in name
      hdrs = newday.getElementsByTagName('h5'); //Get the list of namespace headers
      hdr = null;
      for (j=0; j&lt;hdrs.length; j++) //Find the header
        if (hdrs[j].innerHTML==namespace) {
          hdr = hdrs[j]; break;
        }
      if (hdr==null) { //Not found? Make a new one!
        hdr = document.createElement('h5');
        hdr.innerHTML = namespace;
        newday.appendChild(hdr);
        namespacesub = document.createElement('ul');
        newday.appendChild(namespacesub);
      }
      hdr.nextSibling.appendChild(diffs[0]); //Move the diff
    }
    newday.appendChild(document.createElement('hr')); //For readability
    day.parentNode.replaceChild(newday,day);
  }
});
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==closeafd==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

function closeafd(bold, notbold){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = &quot;{{subst:vt}} '''&quot; + bold + &quot;'''&quot; + notbold + &quot;. &amp;ndash; ~~~~\n&quot; + txt.value + &quot;\n{{AfD bottom}}\n&quot;;
  txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
  txt.value = &quot;close discussion: &quot; + bold + notbold;
  document.editform.wpWatchthis.checked = false;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Reg-ex==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function replace(){
    var s = prompt(&quot;Search reg exp?&quot;);
    if(s){
        var r = prompt(&quot;Replace reg exp?&quot;);
        var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
        txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(s, &quot;g&quot;), r);
    }
}

function post_heading(content){
    const headingWithBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)\s*\2\s*\n\n+/gm;
    const withBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithBlankLines) || []).length;
    const headingWithoutBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2(?!\n+)/gm;
    const withoutBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithoutBlankLines) || []).length;
    if (withoutBlankLines &gt;= withBlankLines) {
        content = content.replace(headingWithBlankLines, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; {
            return `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p4}${p3}${p2}\n`;
        });
    }
    return content;
}

function headings(content){
    const headingWithSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s+(.+?)\s+\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const headingWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})[^\s=](.+?[^\s=])\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(headingWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(headingWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &gt; withSpaces) {
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p2}${p4}`);
    }
    else{
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)(\s*)\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6) =&gt; {
            if (!p3 || !p5) return `${p1}${p2}${p4}${p2}`; // Use no spaces
            return `${p1}${p2} ${p4} ${p2}`; // Use single spaces
        });
    }
    return content
}

function lists(content){
    const listItemsWithSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+) /gsm;
    const listItemsWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)[^;:\*# ]/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &lt; withSpaces) {
        item = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)([^;:\*# ])/gm;
        content = content.replace(item, (match, p1, p2, p3) =&gt; `${p1}${p2} ${p3}`);
    }
    return content
}

/* Remember doesn't apply to pages outside main namespace */
msg=&quot;Copyedit. &quot;;
insist=0;
diff=1;
preview=0;
submit=0;
function always(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  let is_dab = /{{\s*(disambiguation|dab|disamb|disambig|dbig)\b/i.test(txt.value); /* Disambiguation flag */
  temp=txt.value;
  var test=0;
  txt.value = lists(txt.value);
  // if (!wpSection || !wpSection.value) {
  if (!/&amp;section=/.test(window.location.href)){
      txt.value = add_authority_control(txt.value);  
  } 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ISBN:\s*/gm, &quot;ISBN &quot;);
  if (!txt.value.match(/&lt;math&gt;/)){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ +$/gm, &quot;&quot;); /* trailing spaces get rid of */
  }
  txt.value = headings(txt.value);
  txt.value = post_heading(txt.value);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/==(\n)\n+/gm, &quot;==$1$1&quot;); /* remove multiple blank line after headers */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=])(\n)(\n*)==/gm, &quot;$1$2$2==&quot;); /* One blank line before headers */
/* ^ should also not match a comment after a header followed by another header */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[J\.* *R\.* *R\.* *Tolk(?:ie|ei)n\]\]('|’)s/gim, &quot;[[J. R. R. Tolkien|J. R. R. Tolkien$1s]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Country Music\|(C|c)ountry\]\]/gm, &quot;[[Country music|$1ountry]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([a-z,] )\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1[[country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\n|\.|\=\s*) \[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1 [[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\(\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;([[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{template:/gim, &quot;{{&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{cite-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cite-section|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{expand}}/gim, &quot;{{Expand|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(cleanup|clean|clean up|clean-up|attention)}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(an|cn|citation(_|-| |)needed|citation required|cite(_|-| |)needed|needs( |_)citation|reference( |_)needed|uncited|fact)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Citation needed|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(recently revised|rrevised|)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Recently revised|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(significance|importance|explain significance)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(importance-s)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance-s|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{Cleanup-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup-section|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(uncategorizedstub|uncatstub)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorizedstub|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unlinked|linkless|orphan)}}/gim, &quot;{{Orphan|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(classify|categories needed|catneeded|categori(s|z)e|nocats*|categoryneeded|uncat|uncategori(s|z)ed)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorized|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
if (test==1 &amp;&amp; temp!=txt.value){temp=txt.value;document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;4&quot;;}

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*external\s*links*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1External links$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*references*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1References$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[US\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*(USA|US|U\.S\.)\s*\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United States\|USA\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\]\]([^\.])/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\]\]/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  if (!is_dab){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|MongoliaUlan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru))\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\[\|:]+)\|([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|Mongolia|Ulan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru)\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Rome, Italy\|Rome\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Rome]]&quot;);
  }
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\{\{lifetime\|/gim, &quot;{{subst:ltm|&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  // add any custom message to summary
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + msg;
  /* fix specific typo, if in edit summary */
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value.replace(/([Tt])empalte/g, &quot;$1emplate&quot;);
  if (diff==1) {document.editform.wpDiff.click();}
  else if (submit==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
}

function isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates){
   // Create a regex pattern to match any of the templates
  var regexString = '{{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?(?:' + templates.map(function(t) {
     return t.replace(/ /g, '\\s*');
  }).join('|') + ')\\b[^}]*}}';
  return new RegExp(regexString, 'i');
}

function add_authority_control(content) {
  // List of template names to check for (including redirects)
  var templates = [
            'Authority control',
            'Authority Control',
            'Authoritycontrol',
            'External identifiers',
            'External Identifiers',
            'Externalidentifiers',
            'Authority comtrol',
            'Auth',
            'AutC'
  ];
  
  var regex = isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates);

  // If any of the redirect templates are found, return content unchanged
  if (regex.test(content)) {
      return content;
  }
  var lines = content.split('\n');
  var category_found = false
 
  // Work backwards from the end to find the correct insertion point
  for (var insertIndex = lines.length - 1; insertIndex &gt;= 0; insertIndex--) {
      var line = lines[insertIndex].trim();

      if (line === '') {
         // Blank line, continue searching
         continue;
      }

      // Check for stubs
      if (/^\{\{\s*[^}]*-stub\s*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a stub template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for categories
      if (/^\[\[\s*Category:.*\]\]\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's a category, continue searching
          category_found = true;    
          continue;
      }

      // Check for DEFAULTSORT (case-insensitive)
      if (/^\{\{\s*DEFAULTSORT:.*\}\}\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's DEFAULTSORT, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for &quot;Use ...&quot; or &quot;{{Coord...&quot;templates
      if (/^\{\{\s*([Uu]se|[Cc]oord).*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a &quot;Use ...&quot; template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Found where to insert the template
      insertIndex += 1;
      break;
    }

    if (!category_found){
        return(content);
    }
    // Prepare the template to insert
    var authorityControlTemplate = '{{Authority control}}';

    // Decide whether to add a blank line before the template
    var lineBeforeInsert = lines[insertIndex - 1] || '';
    if (lineBeforeInsert.trim() !== '' &amp;&amp; !/^\{\{[^}]*\}\}\s*$/.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())) {
        // If the line before is not a template, add a blank line
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);    
    } else if (/^\{\{[Rr]eflist[^}]*\}\}\s*$/i.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())){
         // Template is probably not navbox or succession box  
         lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);
    } else {
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, authorityControlTemplate);
    }
    return lines.join('\n');
}

function quick(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  temp=txt.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(User|Special|Template)/gi,&quot;[[$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(File|Image|Category)/gi,&quot;[[:$1&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Fix multiple : lint error. &quot;;
}


function summary_append(appendStr, replaceStr) {
    const summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary;
    const currentValue = summary.value;

    if (currentValue.includes(appendStr)) {
        if (replaceStr &amp;&amp; !currentValue.includes(replaceStr)) {
            // Replace appendStr with replaceStr
            summary.value = currentValue.replace(appendStr, replaceStr);
        }
        // Do nothing if replaceStr is empty
    } else {
        // Append appendStr if not already in the summary
        summary.value += appendStr;
    }
}


function spelling(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // Preserve text in quotes, template parameters called &quot;title,&quot; and image names
    var preservePatterns = [
        /&quot;[^&quot;]*&quot;/g,                                    // Text in quotes
        /title\s*=\s*[^|\n}]*/ig,                      // Template parameters called &quot;title&quot;
        /\[\[(File|Image):[^\]]+\]\]/ig,               // Image names in square brackets
        /(\b(map|image)\s*=\s*)(File|Image):[^\n|}]+\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg)/ig  // Image names as parameter values
    ];
    
    var preserved = [];
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(preservePatterns.map(p =&gt; p.source).join('|'), 'gi'), function(match) {
        preserved.push(match);
        return &quot;&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE&quot; + (preserved.length - 1) + &quot;&gt;&gt;&gt;&quot;;
    });
//  canonicalise bda
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{bda\|/i,&quot;{{Birth date and age|&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{dda\|/i,&quot;{{Death date and age|&quot;);

/* Date order */
// Ranges first:
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s+((0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d) *([-–—−\/]|through|to) *(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d))\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
//single dates
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s+(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d)\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
// normalise spacing
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\b\d{1,2})\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// leading 0
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b0(\d)\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// delink
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*\b(\d{1,2})\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*\]\]/ig,&quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// remove comma and delink year
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*,*\s*\[\[(\d{1,4})\b(\s*)\]\](\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)
// remove comma if year 
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*,*\s*(\d{3,4})\b(\s*)(\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)

// Fix up birth/death date templates mf=y/yes
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]irth[ _]*date|[Dd]eath[ _]*date)\s*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|\s*\d*\s*)*\|)\s*mf\s*=\s*[yY](?:es)*\s*(\||}|\n)/g,&quot;$1df=y$2&quot;)
// Fix up birth/death date templates only digits
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]ir|[Dd]ea)th[ _]*date[ _]*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|[ \d]*)*)}}/g,&quot;$1|df=y}}&quot;)

    // Restore preserved parts
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE(\d+)&gt;&gt;&gt;/g, function(match, p1) {
        return preserved[parseInt(p1)];
    });

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}

function use_British_English(){
    return
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*
Template:EB (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Eb (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Scottish English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:En-GB (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use british english (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use British (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use british (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Ube (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:UBE (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use BrE (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Welsh English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use British English spelling (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Uken (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:UKEN (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Birtish English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
*/
// Update any existing UBE tag, or change EngvarB, skip Welsh or Scottish
    oldtxt = txt.value;
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{[_ ]*(EngvarB|Eb|Ube|En-Gb|UKEN|Use[_ ]*dmy|Use[_ ]+B(ri|ir)tish([_ ]+English(|[_ ]*spelling))?)[_ ]*\|\s*date\s*=\s*[a-z]+\s+\d+\s*}}/i, &quot;{{Use British English|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;)
    if (oldtxt == txt.value) {
//     Add template if not already here
       if (txt.value.indexOf('{{Use British') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use Scottish') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use Welsh') == -1) {
           txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\n*((?:{{DEFAULTSORT:[^}]*}}){0,1}\n\[\[Category:)/,&quot;\n{{Use British English|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}\n\n$1&quot;)
           if (txt.value.indexOf('{{Use British') == -1) {
               txt.value = txt.value + &quot;\n{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;
           }  
        }
        summary_append(&quot;Add tag. &quot;, &quot;Add tags. &quot;);  
    }
    else {
        summary_append(&quot;Update tag. &quot;, &quot;Update tags. &quot;);
    }

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();    
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Simplify wikilinks==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function decomma(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(.*)?  (.*)?\]\]/g,&quot;[[$1 $2]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[ /g,&quot;[[&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ \]\]/g,&quot;]]&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ ==$/gm, &quot;==&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^== /gm, &quot;==&quot;);
/*De-pipe if possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
/* Pull text inside piped link */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]\|]+)\]\]([A-Za-z\'])([\w\d]*)([\.\,\;\:\&quot;\!\?\s]+)/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2$3$4]]$5&quot;); 
/*De-pipe if now possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
  
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Simplified wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/* document.forms.editform.submit(); */
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Repeated links==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function replink(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]]*)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\|\2\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2]]$3$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]]+)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2$1&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Remove duplicate wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}


function normcase(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ (==+)$/gm, &quot;$1&quot;);
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+) /gm, &quot;$1&quot;);  
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==\s*\&quot;*[\w])(.*==)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2) { 
        return($1.toUpperCase()+$2.toLowerCase());
      }
   );*/
  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==+\s*\&quot;*)(.*?)(==+)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2,$3) {
        var result=$1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3;
        if ($0==result) {return (result);}
        result = result.replace (/^(==+)\s*(.*?[^\s])\s*(==+)$/,&quot;$1&quot;+&quot;$2&quot;+&quot;$3&quot;);
        return (result);    
//        return($1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3)
      }      
   );
   var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
   var summary = &quot;Correct caps in section header. &quot;;
   if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
	if (txt.value.match(/.*[^\s]$/)) {
	    txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
        }
	txt.value += summary;
  }
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==toHeaderCase==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function toHeaderCase(txt){
// All caps stay all caps if more than 1 letter
// First word gets a cap
// Words containing a fullstop unchanged
// DVD and LP to caps
// TV to Television
// USA to US
// &amp; to and
// rest to lowercase
  var words = new Array();
  var result = &quot;&quot;;
  words = txt.split(' ');

  for (var i=0;i&lt;words.length;i++){
//    Replace specific abbreviations (don't worry about case)
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^tv$/gim, &quot;television&quot;);
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^&amp;$/gim, &quot;and&quot;);

//    Ignore most other abbreviations for now 
      if ((( words[i].length &gt; 1) &amp;&amp; (words[i] == words[i].toUpperCase() )) 
        || ( words[i].indexOf('.')!= -1) || (words[i]==&quot;I&quot;)
      ){
//        Do nothing
      }
//    Else capitalise first word 
      else if (i==0) {
          words[i]=words[i].substring(0,1).toUpperCase()+words[i].substring(1).toLowerCase();
      }
//    Lowercase the rest 
      else {words[i]=words[i].toLowerCase();}
//    Add the word to the result string 
      if (i==0) {result=words[i];}  else {result=result+&quot; &quot;+words[i];} 
  }
//Uppercase/correct specific abbreviations 
  result = result.replace(/\blp\b/gim, &quot;LP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\blps\b/gim, &quot;LPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bep\b/gim, &quot;EP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\beps\b/gim, &quot;EPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvd\b/gim, &quot;DVD&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvds\b/gim, &quot;DVDs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bUSA\b/gim, &quot;US&quot;);

  return(result);
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Units==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function census(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

    // Convert &amp;deg; into ° symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;deg;/g, '°');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/º/g, '°');


    // Convert &amp;sup; into superscript ² symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup2;/g, '²');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup3;/g, '³');

    // Convert the word ohm(s) or the html entity into the actual Ω symbol (Omega, not the actual ohm symbol &amp;#8486;) and make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?\s?(&amp;Omega;|ohm|Ohm)s?([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Ω$4');

    // Convert various micro symbols into the actual micro symbol, make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(&amp;mu;|μ|&amp;micro;)(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 µ$3$4');

    // Convert capital K to lowercase k in units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?K(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 k$2$3');

    // Fix common spelling error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/celcius/gi, 'Celsius');

    // Capitalize units correctly
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(khz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 kHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mhz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 MHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ghz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 GHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(hz|HZ)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Hz$4');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(pa|PA)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Pa$4');

    // Fix kilometres
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kms)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise kilometres per hour and add space
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/hr)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmh)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/h)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // Space before horsepower symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(hp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 hp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bhp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 bhp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(shp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 shp$3');

    // Space before other units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(cc)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 cc$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ml)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 ml$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise miles per hour and rpm
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(m.p.h.)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;mph$3');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 rpm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;rpm$3');

    // Standardise symbol for pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d\+?)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d&amp;nbsp;lb)s/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(\[\[lbs\]\])/gi, '$1 \[\[Pound (mass)|lb\]\]');

    // Standardise symbol for foot pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');

    // Symbols for feet and inches

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^;°]\s?\s?)(\d{1,4})\s?(['’])\s?(\d{1,2})\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([:=\/\(])\s*(\d{1,3)\s?(['’])\s?(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(eight[:= ]{1,2})\s?(\d)-(\d{1,2})([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 $2 ft $3 in');


    // Give digital value a percent symbol '%' instead of word
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)[\s?-]per *cent([^aei])/gi, '$1%$2');

    // Add a space before dB or B
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(dB|B)\b/g, '$1 $2');

    // Add a space before any units that were missed before
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(g|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|°F|M)([\s,.\\/)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // Separate one for seconds since they give a lot of false positives like &quot;1970s&quot;.  Only difference is mandatory prefix.
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)(s)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // bps or b/s or bits/s --&gt; bit/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(bps|bits?\/s|b\/s)/g, ' $1bit/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bps)/gi, '$1 bit/s');

    // Bps or byte/s or bytes/s --&gt; B/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(Bps|bytes?\/s)/g, ' $1B/s');

    // After that, make capitalization correct
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/K(bit|B)\/s/g, 'k$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/m(bit|B)\/s/g, 'M$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/g(bit|B)\/s/g, 'G$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/t(bit|B)\/s/g, 'T$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/e(bit|B)\/s/g, 'E$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/y(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Y$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/z(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Z$1/s');

    // Common error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/mibi(bit|byte)/g, 'mebi$1');

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Units. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; | &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Day slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*Note a leading colon could well be an &quot;EasyTimeline&quot; */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d\d\d\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/([0|1|2|3]?\d)/gm, &quot;$1$4 zz$3zz $2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)([0|1|2|3]?\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz $4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d+)\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d{1,2})\/(\d{1,2})\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Month slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdatesm(){ /* month day year - pox. */
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==British Old English==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

function british(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|Old English]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\|/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|British]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;dab/red UK/OE. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Math==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function math(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\binom\s*\{([^\}]*)\}\s*\{([^\}]*)\}/gim, &quot;{ $1 \\choose $2 }&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\$\s*(.*?)\s*\$/gim, &quot;\&lt;math\&gt;$1\&lt;\/math\&gt;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\displaystyle/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\partial/gim, &quot;\\part&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\end\{array\}/gim, &quot;\\end{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\begin\{array\}\s*\(11\)/gim, &quot;\\begin{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\rvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\lvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\.\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\.&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\,\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\,&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mbox/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mathscr/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/“/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/”/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;&lt;br&gt;{{planetmath|id=|title=}} &quot;
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;[[Category:combinatorics]]&quot;
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=&quot;Import from Planet Math. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==bold==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function bold(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  var title = document.title.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Bold/Italics. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==State names==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function statenames(){
   var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAL\b/gm,&quot;Alabama&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAK\b/gm,&quot;Alaska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAZ\b/gm,&quot;Arizona&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAR\b/gm,&quot;Arkansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCA\b/gm,&quot;California&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCO\b/gm,&quot;Colorado&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCT\b/gm,&quot;Connecticut&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDE\b/gm,&quot;Delaware&quot;); 
   /* txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDC\b/gm,&quot;District of Columbia&quot;); */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFL\b/gm,&quot;Florida&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGA\b/gm,&quot;Georgia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bHI\b/gm,&quot;Hawaii&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bID\b/gm,&quot;Idaho&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIL\b/gm,&quot;Illinois&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIN\b/gm,&quot;Indiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIA\b/gm,&quot;Iowa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKS\b/gm,&quot;Kansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKY\b/gm,&quot;Kentucky&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bLA\b/gm,&quot;Louisiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bME\b/gm,&quot;Maine&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMD\b/gm,&quot;Maryland&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMA\b/gm,&quot;Massachusetts&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMI\b/gm,&quot;Michigan&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMN\b/gm,&quot;Minnesota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMS\b/gm,&quot;Mississippi&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMO\b/gm,&quot;Missouri&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMT\b/gm,&quot;Montana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNE\b/gm,&quot;Nebraska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNV\b/gm,&quot;Nevada&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNH\b/gm,&quot;New Hampshire&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNJ\b/gm,&quot;New Jersey&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNM\b/gm,&quot;New Mexico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNY\b/gm,&quot;New York&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNC\b/gm,&quot;North Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bND\b/gm,&quot;North Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOH\b/gm,&quot;Ohio&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOK\b/gm,&quot;Oklahoma&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOR\b/gm,&quot;Oregon&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPA\b/gm,&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bRI\b/gm,&quot;Rhode Island&quot;); /* and Providence Plantations, naturally */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSC\b/gm,&quot;South Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSD\b/gm,&quot;South Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTN\b/gm,&quot;Tennessee&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTX\b/gm,&quot;Texas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bUT\b/gm,&quot;Utah&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVT\b/gm,&quot;Vermont&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVA\b/gm,&quot;Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWA\b/gm,&quot;Washington&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWV\b/gm,&quot;West Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWI\b/gm,&quot;Wisconsin&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWY\b/gm,&quot;Wyoming&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAS\b/gm,&quot;American Samoa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGU\b/gm,&quot;Guam&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMP\b/gm,&quot;Northern Mariana Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPR\b/gm,&quot;Puerto Rico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVI\b/gm,&quot;Virgin Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFM\b/gm,&quot;Federated States of Micronesia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMH\b/gm,&quot;Marshall Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPW\b/gm,&quot;Palau&quot;);
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCZ\b/gm,&quot;Panama Canal Zone&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPI\b/gm,&quot;Philippines&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTT\b/gm,&quot;Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCM\b/gm,&quot;Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands&quot;);
  
   document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Expand US postal abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*
  if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value==&quot;Date fixes. &quot;) {
    document.forms.editform.submit();
  }
  else
*/
 if(txt.value.indexOf(&quot;opyvio&quot;) == -1){
/* Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/accessdate\s*=\s*(\w)/gm,&quot;accessdate = $1X&quot;);
/* Ranges of days within months */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*(\d{1,2})\s*-\s*(\d{1,2})(\D)/gm,&quot;$1 $2-$1 $3$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*-\s*([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/gm,&quot;$1 $3-$2 $3&quot;);
/* standard formats */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);

/* The xxx th of yyy */

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1 $2 $3&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1 $2$3&quot;);
/* xx th of yyy

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
*/
/* jan.... */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jan)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jan)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar])(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Januar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Feb)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Feb)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Februar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Mar)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Mar)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Mairch$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Apr)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Apr)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Aprile$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jun)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Juin $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jun)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juin$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Juin$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jul)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jul)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Julie$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Aug)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Aug)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 August$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 August$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Sep|Sept)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Sep|Sept)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 September$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 September$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Oct)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Oct)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 October$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 October$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Nov)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Nov)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 November$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 November$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Dec)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Dec)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 December$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d\_])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 December$4&quot;);

/* accessmonthday, accessyear */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\]\s*\|\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)/gi, &quot;$1$2&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)(\s*\|\s*accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\])/gi, &quot;$1$2$3&quot;);


/* De-Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ac+es+date(\s*=\s*)(\w)X/gm,&quot;accessdate$1$2&quot;);

/* document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Tidy dates (where month and day both present). &quot;; */
document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/*document.forms.editform.submit(); */
    } /* if not a copyvio */
}

function month_de_abbreviate(){
 var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jan)\b/gim, &quot;Januar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Feb)\b/gim, &quot;Februar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Mar)\b/gim, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Apr)\b/gim, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jun)\b/gim, &quot;Juin&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jul)\b/gim, &quot;Julie&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Aug)\b/gim, &quot;August&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Sep|Sept)\b/gim, &quot;September&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Oct)\b/gim, &quot;October&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Nov)\b/gim, &quot;November&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Dec)\b/gim, &quot;December&quot;);
 document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Fix month abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Capitals==
A crude first pass fixer for text that is almost all in lowercase
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function capitals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +a/gm, &quot;$1 A&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +b/gm, &quot;$1 B&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +c/gm, &quot;$1 C&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +d/gm, &quot;$1 D&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +e/gm, &quot;$1 E&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +f/gm, &quot;$1 F&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +g/gm, &quot;$1 G&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +h/gm, &quot;$1 H&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +i/gm, &quot;$1 I&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +j/gm, &quot;$1 J&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +k/gm, &quot;$1 K&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +l/gm, &quot;$1 L&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +m/gm, &quot;$1 M&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +n/gm, &quot;$1 N&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +o/gm, &quot;$1 O&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +p/gm, &quot;$1 P&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +q/gm, &quot;$1 Q&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +r/gm, &quot;$1 R&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +s/gm, &quot;$1 S&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +t/gm, &quot;$1 T&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +u/gm, &quot;$1 U&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +v/gm, &quot;$1 V&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +w/gm, &quot;$1 W&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +x/gm, &quot;$1 X&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +y/gm, &quot;$1 Y&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +z/gm, &quot;$1 Z&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Caps &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dewikify dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dewikifydates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // century
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](centuries)\]\]/gi, '$1 centuries');

    // decades
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4}s)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // months
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[January\|(Jan)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[February\|(Feb)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[March\|(Mar)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[April\|(Apr)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[May\|(May)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[June\|(Jun)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[July\|(Jul)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[August\|(Aug)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[September\|(Sep)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[October\|(Oct)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[November\|(Nov)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[December\|(Dec)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{3,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // days of the week including optional plurals
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mondays?|Tuesdays?|Wednesdays?|Thursdays?|Fridays?|Saturdays?|Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    // days of the week but leave out 'Sun' as potentially valid link to the Sun
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mon|Tue|Tues|Wed|Thu|Thur|Thurs|Fri|Sat)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Mondays?\|(Mondays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Tuesdays?\|(Tuesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Wednesdays?\|(Wednesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Thursdays?\|(Thursdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Fridays?\|(Fridays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Saturdays?\|(Saturdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Sundays?\|(Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // ranked days
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // misconfigured
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // Month plus year
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s*,*\s* \d\d\d+)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // year
    //BC etc
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE)\|(\d{1,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    //4 digits years piped into 2
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    var x=0;
    while (x&lt;3) {x++;  
    //year: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');
    }


    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Date fragments delinked. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Deiso dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
const monthNames = [&quot;Januar&quot;, &quot;Februar&quot;, &quot;Mairch&quot;, &quot;Aprile&quot;, &quot;Mey&quot;, &quot;Juin&quot;,
                        &quot;Julie&quot;, &quot;August&quot;, &quot;September&quot;, &quot;October&quot;, &quot;November&quot;, &quot;December&quot;];
function deisodates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
       
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})\b/g, (match, year, month, day) =&gt; {
        const monthIndex = parseInt(month, 10) - 1;
        return `${parseInt(day, 10)} ${monthNames[monthIndex]} ${year}`;
    });

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Format dates. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Cardinals==
Up to 99
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function cardinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 10( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ten$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 11( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eleven$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 12( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twelve$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 13( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 14( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fourteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 15( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 16( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 17( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventeen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 18( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 19( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; nineteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 20( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 30( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 40( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 50( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 60( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 70( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 80( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 90( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 100( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; one hundred$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 2(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )1( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1one$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )2( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1two$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )3( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1three$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )4( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1four$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )5( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1five$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )6( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1six$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )7( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1seven$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )8( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1eight$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )9( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1nine$2&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Cardinals. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Ordinals==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function ordinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )1st/gm, &quot;$1first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2nd/gm, &quot;$1second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )3rd/gm, &quot;$1third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )4th/gm, &quot;$1fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )5th/gm, &quot;$1fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )6th/gm, &quot;$1sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )7th/gm, &quot;$1seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )8th/gm, &quot;$1eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )9th/gm, &quot;$1ninth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )10th/gm, &quot;$1tenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )11th/gm, &quot;$1eleventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )12th/gm, &quot;$1twelfth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )13th/gm, &quot;$1thirteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )14th/gm, &quot;$1fourteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )15th/gm, &quot;$1fifteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )16th/gm, &quot;$1sixteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )17th/gm, &quot;$1seventeenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )18th/gm, &quot;$1eighteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )19th/gm, &quot;$1nineteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )20th/gm, &quot;$1twentieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )30th/gm, &quot;$1thirtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )40th/gm, &quot;$1fortieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )50th/gm, &quot;$1fiftieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )60th/gm, &quot;$1sixtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )70th/gm, &quot;$1seventieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )80th/gm, &quot;$1eightieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )90th/gm, &quot;$1ninetieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot;$1twenty-$2$3&quot;); 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-1st/gm, &quot;-first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-2nd/gm, &quot;-second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-3rd/gm, &quot;-third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-4th/gm, &quot;-fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-5th/gm, &quot;-fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-6th/gm, &quot;-sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-7th/gm, &quot;-seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-8th/gm, &quot;-eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-9th/gm, &quot;-ninth&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Ordinals. &quot;;
}
 
function afdresult(){
    var res = prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;);
    if(!res) return;
    document.editform.wpSummary.value = 'VFD result - ' + res.replace(/'/g, '');
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    if(txt.value.length &gt; 0) txt.value += '\n';
    txt.value += '==VFD==\nOn [[DAY MONTH]] [[2005]], this article was nominated for deletion. The result was ' + res + '. See [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/{{subst:PAGENAME}}]] for a record of the discussion. &amp;ndash; ~~~~';
    txt.focus();
}

function hideafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;none&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = 'none';
}

function showafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = '';
}

function afdlinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:hideafd()', 'hide closed', 'ca-hide');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:showafd()', 'show closed', 'ca-show');
}

function addPurge(){
	if (!(mw.config.get('wgCanonicalNamespace') == 'Special'))
		mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', mw.config.get('wgServer') + '/w/index.php?title=' + encodeURIComponent(mw.config.get('wgPageName')) + '&amp;action=purge', 'Purge', 'ca-purge', 'Purge server cache for this page.', '0');
}

importScript('Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Scripts/Add edit section 0');

function changeLinks(){
    if(!document.getElementById) return;
    document.getElementById('pt-mytalk').firstChild.innerHTML = 'talk';
    document.getElementById('pt-watchlist').firstChild.innerHTML = 'watchlist';
    document.getElementById('pt-mycontris').firstChild.innerHTML = 'contributions';
}

function addPreSaveTransform(){
    // diff.click takes us to submit for some reason (the diff button doesn't)
    if (!/&amp;action=(edit|submit)/.test(window.location.href)) return;
    if (!document.forms.editform) return;
    document.forms.editform.wpSave.onclick = preSaveTransform;
}

function preSaveTransform(){
    console.log('Called PST');
    simplify_piped_links()
    updateSummary()
}

function simplify_piped_links() {
    // Get the edit box element (wpTextbox1 is the ID for the main edit area on Wikipedia)
    var editBox = document.getElementById('wpTextbox1');

    // Get the current text from the edit box
    var text = editBox.value;

    // Simplify piped links
    var simplifiedText = text.replace(/\[\[([^\|\]]+)\|([^\]]+)\]\]/g, function(match, target, display) {
        // Only replace if the display text is the same as the target text,
        // considering that the first letter is case-insensitive
        if (target.charAt(0).toLowerCase() === display.charAt(0).toLowerCase() &amp;&amp;
            target.slice(1) === display.slice(1)) {
            return '[[' + display + ']]';
        }
        // Otherwise, keep the original piped link
        return match;
    });

    // Update the edit box with the simplified text
    editBox.value = simplifiedText;
}


function isTalk(){
    if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') % 2 != 0) {
        return true
    }
    return false  
}

function isNewSection(){
    if (/&amp;section=new/.test(window.location.href)){
        return true
    }
    return false  
}
    
function updateSummary(){
    var summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value;
    if (isTalk()) {
        if (!isNewSection()){
            summary = update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary)
        }
    }
    summary = ascii_to_unicode(summary);
    summary = expand_abbr(summary);
    document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = summary;
    return true;
}

function ascii_to_unicode(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/-&gt;/g, &quot;→&quot;)
    .replace(/&lt;-/g, '←')
    .replace(/&lt;-&gt;/g, '↔')
    .replace(/\^/g, '↑')
    .replace(/\v/g, '↓');
    return text	
}

function expand_abbr(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/\bc\b/g,   'Copyedit. ')
    .replace(/\bty\b/g,   'Typo. ') // not t which picks up don't etc.
    .replace(/\bsp\b/g,  'Spelling.') // not s which picks up possessives
    .replace(/\bpn\b/g,  'is not a proper noun. ')
    .replace(/\bg\b/g,   'Grammar. ')
    .replace(/\btau\b/g, 'Tautology. ')
    .replace(/\bfp\b/g,  'Avoid future in the past tense. ')
    .replace(/\b1p\b/g,  'Avoid first person. ') // evaluate if this is useful
    .replace(/\b2p\b/g,  'Avoid second person. ')
    .replace(/  /g, ' ');
    return text	
}

function update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary){
    // If we've created a new second level section on a section edit, change the edit summary to reflect this.
    // Also update edit summary if section header changed.
    // Check if it's a section edit.  
    var old_header = summary.match(/(\/\* (.*) \*\/)/);
    if (!old_header) {return summary} // No header in the summary so this wasn't a section edit. 
    // Since we haven't stashed the page, we assume that the last level 2 section is the new one. 
    // Let's load all the level 2 headers from the edit window
    var temp = document.editform.wpTextbox1.value;
    var headerRegex = /^==\s*([^=].*?)\s*==/gm; // Must only match level 2 for now.
    var headers = [...temp.matchAll(headerRegex)];
    if (headers.length == 0) {return summary} // No headers, nothing to do
    if (headers.length == 1 &amp;&amp; old_header == 'top') {return summary} // Lets leave it in this case.
    // Grab the last header and use that.
    var edited_or_new_section_header = headers[headers.length - 1][1];
    summary_text = summary.match(/\/\* .* \*\/(.*)/)[1].trim();
    var new_header_part = &quot;/* &quot; + edited_or_new_section_header + &quot; */&quot;;
    summary = new_header_part + summary_text;
    return summary     
}

function afddelete(){
    var form = document.forms.deleteconfirm;
    form.wpReason.value = '[[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/' + unescape(window.location.href.replace(/^.*\?title=([^&amp;]+)&amp;action=delete.*$/, '$1').replace(/_/g, ' ')) + ']]';
    form.wpConfirm.checked = true;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==morelinks==
Basically afd results, shortcuts and non-mainspace pst
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function morelinks(){
/*
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Move &quot;) == 0 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot; - &quot;) != -1){
         var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

         document.forms.editform.submit();
    }
 */
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;keep&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'keep', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;merge and redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Merge and redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'merge', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'redir', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to &quot; + prompt(&quot;Transwiki to?&quot;))', 'trans', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to Wiktionary&quot;)', 'wikt', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;speedy delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'speedy', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'del', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;), &quot;&quot;)', 'other', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'replace', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:spelling()', 's', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replink()', '[', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:normcase()', '.', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'r', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:ordinals()', 'ﬆ', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:cardinals()', '1', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dewikifydates()', '–', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:deisodates()', '-', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:bold()', 'b', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:decomma()', ',', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:census()', '2', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dates()', 'd', 't');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:month_de_abbreviate()', '⇄', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:statenames()', '+', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdates()', '/', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdatesm()', 'm/', '');
//        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:math()', 'm', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:use_British_English()', 'B', ''); // Formerly british() - uk dab
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:capitals()', 'C', '');
 
        if ( document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Talk:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary:&quot;)       == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary talk:&quot;)  == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book talk:&quot;)     == 0
        ){
            quick()
        }
        else  { 
            if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
                if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value == msg &amp;&amp; insist==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
                else if  (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value != msg)  {always();}
            }
         };
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afdresult()', 'afd rst', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afddelete()', 'afd', '');
    }
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
/*        usermessage plainlinks */        
    }
}

function addToolBoxLinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Newpages', 'New pages', '');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Shortpages', 'Short pages', '');
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==myLoadFuncs==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function myLoadFuncs(){
    addPurge();
    changeLinks();
    addPreSaveTransform();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) != -1 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) != 0) afdlinks();
    morelinks();
    addToolBoxLinks();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0)
      addVfdLink();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==main==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
$.when($.ready,mw.loader.using('mediawiki.util')).then(myLoadFuncs)

/* &lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;*/</text>
      <sha1>m8w7c3cv7kn4tavya69x7j1740wphai</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>900174</id>
      <parentid>900172</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-11-15T14:59:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rich Farmbrough</username>
        <id>359</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>900174</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="84453" sha1="h7qcb0en49r1nb2kdq4h7yewtxfyssl" xml:space="preserve">// See [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Talk page]]
if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') &gt;= 0)
$(function(){
 var pCactions = document.getElementById('p-cactions');
 if (!pCactions) return;
 var caMain = pCactions.getElementsByTagName('li')[0];
 var caTalk = document.getElementById('ca-talk');
 var caEdit = document.getElementById('ca-edit');
 if (!caEdit) caEdit = document.getElementById('ca-viewsource');
 var caHistory = document.getElementById('ca-history');
 if (!caMain || !caTalk || !caEdit || !caHistory) return;
 var el_move, el_create, id2;
 if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') % 2) { //talk space
   el_move = caTalk; el_create = caMain; id2 = '';
 } else {
   el_move = caMain; el_create = caTalk; id2 = 'discussion';
 }
 caEdit.firstChild.innerHTML = 'edit';
 caHistory.firstChild.innerHTML = 'hist';
 el_move.parentNode.insertBefore(caHistory, el_move.nextSibling);
 el_move.parentNode.insertBefore(caEdit, el_move.nextSibling);
 var href = el_create.firstChild.getAttribute('href', 2);
 if (el_create.className.indexOf('new') &lt; 0){
   addPortletLink('p-cactions', href + '?action=history', 'hist',
     'ca-history-'+id2, id2+' history', '', el_create.nextSibling);
   addPortletLink('p-cactions', href + '?action=edit', 'edit',
     'ca-edit-'+id2, 'Edit '+id2, '', el_create.nextSibling);
 } 
  caMain.style.marginRight = '0.3em'; 
  caTalk.style.marginRight = '0.3em'; 
  caTalk.style.marginLeft  = '1.6em'; 
})
//
/* Text character counter - appears in toolbox */
// importScript('User:Dr pda/prosesize.js');
/*
==/*De-orphaner==
*//**/
// importScript('User:Manishearth/orphantabs.js');
/*
==Suddenly, Tammy!==
*/
// importScript('User:Topbanana/RLRL_SR_Utility.js' );
/*
==Ajax  Preview==
*/
// importScript(&quot;User:Js/ajaxPreview.js&quot;);
// ajaxPreviewPos = 'bottom';  //Buttons on the bottom, replacing standard buttons.

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==clever watchlist stuff==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

$(function (){
  if (mw.config.get('wgCanonicalSpecialPageName') !='Watchlist') return; // Are we (not) on a watchlist?
  //days = document.getElementById('bodyContent').getElementsByTagName('ul');
  days = document.querySelectorAll('ul.special')
  for (d = 0; d &lt; days.length; d++) { //For each day
    day = days[d];
    newday = document.createElement('ul'); //This will replace the old listing
    while ((diffs = day.getElementsByTagName('li')).length &gt; 0) { //Are there any diffs left?
      //Try to extract the namespace
      As = diffs[0].getElementsByTagName('a');
      if (As[0].innerHTML == 'diff')
        pagename = As[2].innerHTML;
      else
        pagename = As[1].innerHTML;
      if (pagename.indexOf(':') == -1)
        namespace = 'Main';
      else
        namespace = pagename.split(':')[0]; //This will fail for articles which contain &quot;:&quot; in name
      hdrs = newday.getElementsByTagName('h5'); //Get the list of namespace headers
      hdr = null;
      for (j=0; j&lt;hdrs.length; j++) //Find the header
        if (hdrs[j].innerHTML==namespace) {
          hdr = hdrs[j]; break;
        }
      if (hdr==null) { //Not found? Make a new one!
        hdr = document.createElement('h5');
        hdr.innerHTML = namespace;
        newday.appendChild(hdr);
        namespacesub = document.createElement('ul');
        newday.appendChild(namespacesub);
      }
      hdr.nextSibling.appendChild(diffs[0]); //Move the diff
    }
    newday.appendChild(document.createElement('hr')); //For readability
    day.parentNode.replaceChild(newday,day);
  }
});
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==closeafd==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

function closeafd(bold, notbold){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = &quot;{{subst:vt}} '''&quot; + bold + &quot;'''&quot; + notbold + &quot;. &amp;ndash; ~~~~\n&quot; + txt.value + &quot;\n{{AfD bottom}}\n&quot;;
  txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
  txt.value = &quot;close discussion: &quot; + bold + notbold;
  document.editform.wpWatchthis.checked = false;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Reg-ex==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function replace(){
    var s = prompt(&quot;Search reg exp?&quot;);
    if(s){
        var r = prompt(&quot;Replace reg exp?&quot;);
        var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
        txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(s, &quot;g&quot;), r);
    }
}

function post_heading(content){
    const headingWithBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)\s*\2\s*\n\n+/gm;
    const withBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithBlankLines) || []).length;
    const headingWithoutBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2(?!\n+)/gm;
    const withoutBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithoutBlankLines) || []).length;
    if (withoutBlankLines &gt;= withBlankLines) {
        content = content.replace(headingWithBlankLines, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; {
            return `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p4}${p3}${p2}\n`;
        });
    }
    return content;
}

function headings(content){
    const headingWithSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s+(.+?)\s+\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const headingWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})[^\s=](.+?[^\s=])\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(headingWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(headingWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &gt; withSpaces) {
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p2}${p4}`);
    }
    else{
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)(\s*)\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6) =&gt; {
            if (!p3 || !p5) return `${p1}${p2}${p4}${p2}`; // Use no spaces
            return `${p1}${p2} ${p4} ${p2}`; // Use single spaces
        });
    }
    return content
}

function lists(content){
    const listItemsWithSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+) /gsm;
    const listItemsWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)[^;:\*# ]/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &lt; withSpaces) {
        item = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)([^;:\*# ])/gm;
        content = content.replace(item, (match, p1, p2, p3) =&gt; `${p1}${p2} ${p3}`);
    }
    return content
}

/* Remember doesn't apply to pages outside main namespace */
msg=&quot;Copyedit. &quot;;
insist=0;
diff=1;
preview=0;
submit=0;
function always(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  let is_dab = /{{\s*(disambiguation|dab|disamb|disambig|dbig)\b/i.test(txt.value); /* Disambiguation flag */
  temp=txt.value;
  var test=0;
  txt.value = lists(txt.value);
  // if (!wpSection || !wpSection.value) {
  if (!/&amp;section=/.test(window.location.href)){
      txt.value = add_authority_control(txt.value);  
  } 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ISBN:\s*/gm, &quot;ISBN &quot;);
  if (!txt.value.match(/&lt;math&gt;/)){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ +$/gm, &quot;&quot;); /* trailing spaces get rid of */
  }
  txt.value = headings(txt.value);
  txt.value = post_heading(txt.value);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/==(\n)\n+/gm, &quot;==$1$1&quot;); /* remove multiple blank line after headers */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=])(\n)(\n*)==/gm, &quot;$1$2$2==&quot;); /* One blank line before headers */
/* ^ should also not match a comment after a header followed by another header */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[J\.* *R\.* *R\.* *Tolk(?:ie|ei)n\]\]('|’)s/gim, &quot;[[J. R. R. Tolkien|J. R. R. Tolkien$1s]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Country Music\|(C|c)ountry\]\]/gm, &quot;[[Country music|$1ountry]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([a-z,] )\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1[[country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\n|\.|\=\s*) \[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1 [[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\(\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;([[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{template:/gim, &quot;{{&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{cite-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cite-section|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{expand}}/gim, &quot;{{Expand|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(cleanup|clean|clean up|clean-up|attention)}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(an|cn|citation(_|-| |)needed|citation required|cite(_|-| |)needed|needs( |_)citation|reference( |_)needed|uncited|fact)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Citation needed|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(recently revised|rrevised|)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Recently revised|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(significance|importance|explain significance)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(importance-s)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance-s|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{Cleanup-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup-section|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(uncategorizedstub|uncatstub)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorizedstub|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unlinked|linkless|orphan)}}/gim, &quot;{{Orphan|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(classify|categories needed|catneeded|categori(s|z)e|nocats*|categoryneeded|uncat|uncategori(s|z)ed)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorized|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
if (test==1 &amp;&amp; temp!=txt.value){temp=txt.value;document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;4&quot;;}

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*external\s*links*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1External links$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*references*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1References$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[US\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*(USA|US|U\.S\.)\s*\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United States\|USA\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\]\]([^\.])/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\]\]/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  if (!is_dab){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|MongoliaUlan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru))\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\[\|:]+)\|([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|Mongolia|Ulan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru)\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Rome, Italy\|Rome\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Rome]]&quot;);
  }
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\{\{lifetime\|/gim, &quot;{{subst:ltm|&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  // add any custom message to summary
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + msg;
  /* fix specific typo, if in edit summary */
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value.replace(/([Tt])empalte/g, &quot;$1emplate&quot;);
  if (diff==1) {document.editform.wpDiff.click();}
  else if (submit==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
}

function isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates){
   // Create a regex pattern to match any of the templates
  var regexString = '{{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?(?:' + templates.map(function(t) {
     return t.replace(/ /g, '\\s*');
  }).join('|') + ')\\b[^}]*}}';
  return new RegExp(regexString, 'i');
}

function add_authority_control(content) {
  // List of template names to check for (including redirects)
  var templates = [
            'Authority control',
            'Authority Control',
            'Authoritycontrol',
            'External identifiers',
            'External Identifiers',
            'Externalidentifiers',
            'Authority comtrol',
            'Auth',
            'AutC'
  ];
  
  var regex = isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates);

  // If any of the redirect templates are found, return content unchanged
  if (regex.test(content)) {
      return content;
  }
  var lines = content.split('\n');
  var category_found = false
 
  // Work backwards from the end to find the correct insertion point
  for (var insertIndex = lines.length - 1; insertIndex &gt;= 0; insertIndex--) {
      var line = lines[insertIndex].trim();

      if (line === '') {
         // Blank line, continue searching
         continue;
      }

      // Check for stubs
      if (/^\{\{\s*[^}]*-stub\s*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a stub template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for categories
      if (/^\[\[\s*Category:.*\]\]\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's a category, continue searching
          category_found = true;    
          continue;
      }

      // Check for DEFAULTSORT (case-insensitive)
      if (/^\{\{\s*DEFAULTSORT:.*\}\}\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's DEFAULTSORT, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for &quot;Use ...&quot; or &quot;{{Coord...&quot;templates
      if (/^\{\{\s*([Uu]se|[Cc]oord).*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a &quot;Use ...&quot; template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Found where to insert the template
      insertIndex += 1;
      break;
    }

    if (!category_found){
        return(content);
    }
    // Prepare the template to insert
    var authorityControlTemplate = '{{Authority control}}';

    // Decide whether to add a blank line before the template
    var lineBeforeInsert = lines[insertIndex - 1] || '';
    if (lineBeforeInsert.trim() !== '' &amp;&amp; !/^\{\{[^}]*\}\}\s*$/.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())) {
        // If the line before is not a template, add a blank line
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);    
    } else if (/^\{\{[Rr]eflist[^}]*\}\}\s*$/i.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())){
         // Template is probably not navbox or succession box  
         lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);
    } else {
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, authorityControlTemplate);
    }
    return lines.join('\n');
}

function quick(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  temp=txt.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(User|Special|Template)/gi,&quot;[[$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(File|Image|Category)/gi,&quot;[[:$1&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Fix multiple : lint error. &quot;;
}


function summary_append(appendStr, replaceStr) {
    const summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary;
    const currentValue = summary.value;

    if (currentValue.includes(appendStr)) {
        if (replaceStr &amp;&amp; !currentValue.includes(replaceStr)) {
            // Replace appendStr with replaceStr
            summary.value = currentValue.replace(appendStr, replaceStr);
        }
        // Do nothing if replaceStr is empty
    } else {
        // Append appendStr if not already in the summary
        summary.value += appendStr;
    }
}


function spelling(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // Preserve text in quotes, template parameters called &quot;title,&quot; and image names
    var preservePatterns = [
        /&quot;[^&quot;]*&quot;/g,                                    // Text in quotes
        /title\s*=\s*[^|\n}]*/ig,                      // Template parameters called &quot;title&quot;
        /\[\[(File|Image):[^\]]+\]\]/ig,               // Image names in square brackets
        /(\b(map|image)\s*=\s*)(File|Image):[^\n|}]+\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg)/ig  // Image names as parameter values
    ];
    
    var preserved = [];
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(preservePatterns.map(p =&gt; p.source).join('|'), 'gi'), function(match) {
        preserved.push(match);
        return &quot;&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE&quot; + (preserved.length - 1) + &quot;&gt;&gt;&gt;&quot;;
    });
//  canonicalise bda
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{bda\|/i,&quot;{{Birth date and age|&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{dda\|/i,&quot;{{Death date and age|&quot;);

/* Date order */
// Ranges first:
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s+((0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d) *([-–—−\/]|through|to) *(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d))\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
//single dates
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s+(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d)\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
// normalise spacing
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\b\d{1,2})\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// leading 0
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b0(\d)\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// delink
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*\b(\d{1,2})\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*\]\]/ig,&quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// remove comma and delink year
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*,*\s*\[\[(\d{1,4})\b(\s*)\]\](\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)
// remove comma if year 
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*,*\s*(\d{3,4})\b(\s*)(\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)

// Fix up birth/death date templates mf=y/yes
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]irth[ _]*date|[Dd]eath[ _]*date)\s*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|\s*\d*\s*)*\|)\s*mf\s*=\s*[yY](?:es)*\s*(\||}|\n)/g,&quot;$1df=y$2&quot;)
// Fix up birth/death date templates only digits
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]ir|[Dd]ea)th[ _]*date[ _]*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|[ \d]*)*)}}/g,&quot;$1|df=y}}&quot;)

    // Restore preserved parts
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE(\d+)&gt;&gt;&gt;/g, function(match, p1) {
        return preserved[parseInt(p1)];
    });

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}

function replaceMonthNames(text) {
    const monthMapping = {
        &quot;January&quot;: &quot;Januar&quot;,
        &quot;February&quot;: &quot;Februar&quot;,
        &quot;March&quot;: &quot;Mairch&quot;,
        &quot;April&quot;: &quot;Aprile&quot;,
        &quot;May&quot;: &quot;Mey&quot;,
        &quot;June&quot;: &quot;Juin&quot;,
        &quot;July&quot;: &quot;Julie&quot;,
        &quot;August&quot;: &quot;August&quot;,
        &quot;September&quot;: &quot;September&quot;,
        &quot;October&quot;: &quot;October&quot;,
        &quot;November&quot;: &quot;November&quot;,
        &quot;December&quot;: &quot;December&quot;
    };

    const regex = new RegExp(Object.keys(monthMapping).join('|'), 'g');

    return text.replace(regex, (match) =&gt; monthMapping[match]);
}


function scots_months(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // Preserve text in quotes, template parameters called &quot;title,&quot; and image names
    var preservePatterns = [
        /&quot;[^&quot;]*&quot;/g,                                    // Text in quotes
        /title\s*=\s*[^|\n}]*/ig,                      // Template parameters called &quot;title&quot;
        /\[\[(File|Image):[^\]]+\]\]/ig,               // Image names in square brackets
        /(\b(map|image)\s*=\s*)(File|Image):[^\n|}]+\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg)/ig  // Image names as parameter values
    ];
    
    var preserved = [];
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(preservePatterns.map(p =&gt; p.source).join('|'), 'gi'), function(match) {
        preserved.push(match);
        return &quot;&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE&quot; + (preserved.length - 1) + &quot;&gt;&gt;&gt;&quot;;
    });

    txt.value = replace_month_names(txt.value)
    // Restore preserved parts
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE(\d+)&gt;&gt;&gt;/g, function(match, p1) {
        return preserved[parseInt(p1)];
    });

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}

function use_British_English(){
    return
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*
Template:EB (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Eb (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Scottish English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:En-GB (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use british english (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use British (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use british (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Ube (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:UBE (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use BrE (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Welsh English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use British English spelling (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Uken (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:UKEN (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
Template:Use Birtish English (redirect page) ‎ (links | edit)
*/
// Update any existing UBE tag, or change EngvarB, skip Welsh or Scottish
    oldtxt = txt.value;
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{[_ ]*(EngvarB|Eb|Ube|En-Gb|UKEN|Use[_ ]*dmy|Use[_ ]+B(ri|ir)tish([_ ]+English(|[_ ]*spelling))?)[_ ]*\|\s*date\s*=\s*[a-z]+\s+\d+\s*}}/i, &quot;{{Use British English|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;)
    if (oldtxt == txt.value) {
//     Add template if not already here
       if (txt.value.indexOf('{{Use British') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use Scottish') == -1 &amp;&amp; txt.value.indexOf('{{Use Welsh') == -1) {
           txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\n*((?:{{DEFAULTSORT:[^}]*}}){0,1}\n\[\[Category:)/,&quot;\n{{Use British English|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}\n\n$1&quot;)
           if (txt.value.indexOf('{{Use British') == -1) {
               txt.value = txt.value + &quot;\n{{Use dmy dates|date={{Subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{Subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;
           }  
        }
        summary_append(&quot;Add tag. &quot;, &quot;Add tags. &quot;);  
    }
    else {
        summary_append(&quot;Update tag. &quot;, &quot;Update tags. &quot;);
    }

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();    
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Simplify wikilinks==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function decomma(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(.*)?  (.*)?\]\]/g,&quot;[[$1 $2]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[ /g,&quot;[[&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ \]\]/g,&quot;]]&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ ==$/gm, &quot;==&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^== /gm, &quot;==&quot;);
/*De-pipe if possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
/* Pull text inside piped link */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]\|]+)\]\]([A-Za-z\'])([\w\d]*)([\.\,\;\:\&quot;\!\?\s]+)/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2$3$4]]$5&quot;); 
/*De-pipe if now possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
  
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Simplified wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/* document.forms.editform.submit(); */
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Repeated links==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function replink(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]]*)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\|\2\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2]]$3$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]]+)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2$1&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Remove duplicate wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}


function normcase(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ (==+)$/gm, &quot;$1&quot;);
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+) /gm, &quot;$1&quot;);  
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==\s*\&quot;*[\w])(.*==)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2) { 
        return($1.toUpperCase()+$2.toLowerCase());
      }
   );*/
  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==+\s*\&quot;*)(.*?)(==+)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2,$3) {
        var result=$1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3;
        if ($0==result) {return (result);}
        result = result.replace (/^(==+)\s*(.*?[^\s])\s*(==+)$/,&quot;$1&quot;+&quot;$2&quot;+&quot;$3&quot;);
        return (result);    
//        return($1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3)
      }      
   );
   var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
   var summary = &quot;Correct caps in section header. &quot;;
   if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
	if (txt.value.match(/.*[^\s]$/)) {
	    txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
        }
	txt.value += summary;
  }
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==toHeaderCase==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function toHeaderCase(txt){
// All caps stay all caps if more than 1 letter
// First word gets a cap
// Words containing a fullstop unchanged
// DVD and LP to caps
// TV to Television
// USA to US
// &amp; to and
// rest to lowercase
  var words = new Array();
  var result = &quot;&quot;;
  words = txt.split(' ');

  for (var i=0;i&lt;words.length;i++){
//    Replace specific abbreviations (don't worry about case)
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^tv$/gim, &quot;television&quot;);
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^&amp;$/gim, &quot;and&quot;);

//    Ignore most other abbreviations for now 
      if ((( words[i].length &gt; 1) &amp;&amp; (words[i] == words[i].toUpperCase() )) 
        || ( words[i].indexOf('.')!= -1) || (words[i]==&quot;I&quot;)
      ){
//        Do nothing
      }
//    Else capitalise first word 
      else if (i==0) {
          words[i]=words[i].substring(0,1).toUpperCase()+words[i].substring(1).toLowerCase();
      }
//    Lowercase the rest 
      else {words[i]=words[i].toLowerCase();}
//    Add the word to the result string 
      if (i==0) {result=words[i];}  else {result=result+&quot; &quot;+words[i];} 
  }
//Uppercase/correct specific abbreviations 
  result = result.replace(/\blp\b/gim, &quot;LP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\blps\b/gim, &quot;LPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bep\b/gim, &quot;EP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\beps\b/gim, &quot;EPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvd\b/gim, &quot;DVD&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvds\b/gim, &quot;DVDs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bUSA\b/gim, &quot;US&quot;);

  return(result);
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Units==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function census(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

    // Convert &amp;deg; into ° symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;deg;/g, '°');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/º/g, '°');


    // Convert &amp;sup; into superscript ² symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup2;/g, '²');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup3;/g, '³');

    // Convert the word ohm(s) or the html entity into the actual Ω symbol (Omega, not the actual ohm symbol &amp;#8486;) and make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?\s?(&amp;Omega;|ohm|Ohm)s?([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Ω$4');

    // Convert various micro symbols into the actual micro symbol, make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(&amp;mu;|μ|&amp;micro;)(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 µ$3$4');

    // Convert capital K to lowercase k in units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?K(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 k$2$3');

    // Fix common spelling error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/celcius/gi, 'Celsius');

    // Capitalize units correctly
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(khz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 kHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mhz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 MHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ghz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 GHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(hz|HZ)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Hz$4');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(pa|PA)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Pa$4');

    // Fix kilometres
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kms)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise kilometres per hour and add space
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/hr)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmh)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/h)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // Space before horsepower symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(hp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 hp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bhp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 bhp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(shp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 shp$3');

    // Space before other units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(cc)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 cc$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ml)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 ml$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise miles per hour and rpm
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(m.p.h.)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;mph$3');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 rpm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;rpm$3');

    // Standardise symbol for pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d\+?)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d&amp;nbsp;lb)s/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(\[\[lbs\]\])/gi, '$1 \[\[Pound (mass)|lb\]\]');

    // Standardise symbol for foot pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');

    // Symbols for feet and inches

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^;°]\s?\s?)(\d{1,4})\s?(['’])\s?(\d{1,2})\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([:=\/\(])\s*(\d{1,3)\s?(['’])\s?(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(eight[:= ]{1,2})\s?(\d)-(\d{1,2})([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 $2 ft $3 in');


    // Give digital value a percent symbol '%' instead of word
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)[\s?-]per *cent([^aei])/gi, '$1%$2');

    // Add a space before dB or B
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(dB|B)\b/g, '$1 $2');

    // Add a space before any units that were missed before
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(g|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|°F|M)([\s,.\\/)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // Separate one for seconds since they give a lot of false positives like &quot;1970s&quot;.  Only difference is mandatory prefix.
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)(s)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // bps or b/s or bits/s --&gt; bit/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(bps|bits?\/s|b\/s)/g, ' $1bit/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bps)/gi, '$1 bit/s');

    // Bps or byte/s or bytes/s --&gt; B/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(Bps|bytes?\/s)/g, ' $1B/s');

    // After that, make capitalization correct
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/K(bit|B)\/s/g, 'k$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/m(bit|B)\/s/g, 'M$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/g(bit|B)\/s/g, 'G$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/t(bit|B)\/s/g, 'T$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/e(bit|B)\/s/g, 'E$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/y(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Y$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/z(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Z$1/s');

    // Common error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/mibi(bit|byte)/g, 'mebi$1');

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Units. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; | &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Day slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*Note a leading colon could well be an &quot;EasyTimeline&quot; */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d\d\d\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/([0|1|2|3]?\d)/gm, &quot;$1$4 zz$3zz $2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)([0|1|2|3]?\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz $4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d+)\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d{1,2})\/(\d{1,2})\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Month slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdatesm(){ /* month day year - pox. */
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==British Old English==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

function british(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|Old English]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\|/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|British]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;dab/red UK/OE. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Math==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function math(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\binom\s*\{([^\}]*)\}\s*\{([^\}]*)\}/gim, &quot;{ $1 \\choose $2 }&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\$\s*(.*?)\s*\$/gim, &quot;\&lt;math\&gt;$1\&lt;\/math\&gt;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\displaystyle/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\partial/gim, &quot;\\part&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\end\{array\}/gim, &quot;\\end{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\begin\{array\}\s*\(11\)/gim, &quot;\\begin{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\rvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\lvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\.\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\.&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\,\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\,&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mbox/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mathscr/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/“/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/”/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;&lt;br&gt;{{planetmath|id=|title=}} &quot;
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;[[Category:combinatorics]]&quot;
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=&quot;Import from Planet Math. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==bold==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function bold(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  var title = document.title.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Bold/Italics. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==State names==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function statenames(){
   var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAL\b/gm,&quot;Alabama&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAK\b/gm,&quot;Alaska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAZ\b/gm,&quot;Arizona&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAR\b/gm,&quot;Arkansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCA\b/gm,&quot;California&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCO\b/gm,&quot;Colorado&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCT\b/gm,&quot;Connecticut&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDE\b/gm,&quot;Delaware&quot;); 
   /* txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDC\b/gm,&quot;District of Columbia&quot;); */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFL\b/gm,&quot;Florida&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGA\b/gm,&quot;Georgia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bHI\b/gm,&quot;Hawaii&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bID\b/gm,&quot;Idaho&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIL\b/gm,&quot;Illinois&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIN\b/gm,&quot;Indiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIA\b/gm,&quot;Iowa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKS\b/gm,&quot;Kansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKY\b/gm,&quot;Kentucky&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bLA\b/gm,&quot;Louisiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bME\b/gm,&quot;Maine&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMD\b/gm,&quot;Maryland&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMA\b/gm,&quot;Massachusetts&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMI\b/gm,&quot;Michigan&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMN\b/gm,&quot;Minnesota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMS\b/gm,&quot;Mississippi&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMO\b/gm,&quot;Missouri&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMT\b/gm,&quot;Montana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNE\b/gm,&quot;Nebraska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNV\b/gm,&quot;Nevada&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNH\b/gm,&quot;New Hampshire&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNJ\b/gm,&quot;New Jersey&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNM\b/gm,&quot;New Mexico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNY\b/gm,&quot;New York&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNC\b/gm,&quot;North Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bND\b/gm,&quot;North Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOH\b/gm,&quot;Ohio&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOK\b/gm,&quot;Oklahoma&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOR\b/gm,&quot;Oregon&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPA\b/gm,&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bRI\b/gm,&quot;Rhode Island&quot;); /* and Providence Plantations, naturally */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSC\b/gm,&quot;South Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSD\b/gm,&quot;South Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTN\b/gm,&quot;Tennessee&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTX\b/gm,&quot;Texas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bUT\b/gm,&quot;Utah&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVT\b/gm,&quot;Vermont&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVA\b/gm,&quot;Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWA\b/gm,&quot;Washington&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWV\b/gm,&quot;West Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWI\b/gm,&quot;Wisconsin&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWY\b/gm,&quot;Wyoming&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAS\b/gm,&quot;American Samoa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGU\b/gm,&quot;Guam&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMP\b/gm,&quot;Northern Mariana Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPR\b/gm,&quot;Puerto Rico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVI\b/gm,&quot;Virgin Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFM\b/gm,&quot;Federated States of Micronesia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMH\b/gm,&quot;Marshall Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPW\b/gm,&quot;Palau&quot;);
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCZ\b/gm,&quot;Panama Canal Zone&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPI\b/gm,&quot;Philippines&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTT\b/gm,&quot;Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCM\b/gm,&quot;Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands&quot;);
  
   document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Expand US postal abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*
  if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value==&quot;Date fixes. &quot;) {
    document.forms.editform.submit();
  }
  else
*/
 if(txt.value.indexOf(&quot;opyvio&quot;) == -1){
/* Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/accessdate\s*=\s*(\w)/gm,&quot;accessdate = $1X&quot;);
/* Ranges of days within months */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*(\d{1,2})\s*-\s*(\d{1,2})(\D)/gm,&quot;$1 $2-$1 $3$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*-\s*([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/gm,&quot;$1 $3-$2 $3&quot;);
/* standard formats */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);

/* The xxx th of yyy */

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1 $2 $3&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1 $2$3&quot;);
/* xx th of yyy

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
*/
/* jan.... */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jan)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jan)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar])(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Januar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Feb)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Feb)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Februar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Mar)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Mar)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Mairch$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Apr)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Apr)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Aprile$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jun)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Juin $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jun)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juin$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Juin$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jul)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jul)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Julie$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Aug)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Aug)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 August$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 August$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Sep|Sept)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Sep|Sept)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 September$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 September$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Oct)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Oct)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 October$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 October$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Nov)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Nov)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 November$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 November$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Dec)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Dec)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 December$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d\_])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 December$4&quot;);

/* accessmonthday, accessyear */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\]\s*\|\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)/gi, &quot;$1$2&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)(\s*\|\s*accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\])/gi, &quot;$1$2$3&quot;);


/* De-Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ac+es+date(\s*=\s*)(\w)X/gm,&quot;accessdate$1$2&quot;);

/* document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Tidy dates (where month and day both present). &quot;; */
document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/*document.forms.editform.submit(); */
    } /* if not a copyvio */
}

function month_de_abbreviate(){
 var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jan)\b/gim, &quot;Januar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Feb)\b/gim, &quot;Februar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Mar)\b/gim, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Apr)\b/gim, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jun)\b/gim, &quot;Juin&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jul)\b/gim, &quot;Julie&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Aug)\b/gim, &quot;August&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Sep|Sept)\b/gim, &quot;September&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Oct)\b/gim, &quot;October&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Nov)\b/gim, &quot;November&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Dec)\b/gim, &quot;December&quot;);
 document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Fix month abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Capitals==
A crude first pass fixer for text that is almost all in lowercase
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function capitals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +a/gm, &quot;$1 A&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +b/gm, &quot;$1 B&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +c/gm, &quot;$1 C&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +d/gm, &quot;$1 D&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +e/gm, &quot;$1 E&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +f/gm, &quot;$1 F&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +g/gm, &quot;$1 G&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +h/gm, &quot;$1 H&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +i/gm, &quot;$1 I&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +j/gm, &quot;$1 J&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +k/gm, &quot;$1 K&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +l/gm, &quot;$1 L&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +m/gm, &quot;$1 M&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +n/gm, &quot;$1 N&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +o/gm, &quot;$1 O&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +p/gm, &quot;$1 P&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +q/gm, &quot;$1 Q&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +r/gm, &quot;$1 R&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +s/gm, &quot;$1 S&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +t/gm, &quot;$1 T&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +u/gm, &quot;$1 U&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +v/gm, &quot;$1 V&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +w/gm, &quot;$1 W&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +x/gm, &quot;$1 X&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +y/gm, &quot;$1 Y&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +z/gm, &quot;$1 Z&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Caps &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dewikify dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dewikifydates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // century
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](centuries)\]\]/gi, '$1 centuries');

    // decades
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4}s)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // months
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[January\|(Jan)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[February\|(Feb)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[March\|(Mar)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[April\|(Apr)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[May\|(May)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[June\|(Jun)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[July\|(Jul)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[August\|(Aug)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[September\|(Sep)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[October\|(Oct)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[November\|(Nov)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[December\|(Dec)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{3,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // days of the week including optional plurals
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mondays?|Tuesdays?|Wednesdays?|Thursdays?|Fridays?|Saturdays?|Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    // days of the week but leave out 'Sun' as potentially valid link to the Sun
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mon|Tue|Tues|Wed|Thu|Thur|Thurs|Fri|Sat)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Mondays?\|(Mondays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Tuesdays?\|(Tuesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Wednesdays?\|(Wednesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Thursdays?\|(Thursdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Fridays?\|(Fridays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Saturdays?\|(Saturdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Sundays?\|(Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // ranked days
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // misconfigured
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // Month plus year
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s*,*\s* \d\d\d+)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // year
    //BC etc
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE)\|(\d{1,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    //4 digits years piped into 2
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    var x=0;
    while (x&lt;3) {x++;  
    //year: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');
    }


    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Date fragments delinked. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Deiso dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
const monthNames = [&quot;Januar&quot;, &quot;Februar&quot;, &quot;Mairch&quot;, &quot;Aprile&quot;, &quot;Mey&quot;, &quot;Juin&quot;,
                        &quot;Julie&quot;, &quot;August&quot;, &quot;September&quot;, &quot;October&quot;, &quot;November&quot;, &quot;December&quot;];
function deisodates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
       
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})\b/g, (match, year, month, day) =&gt; {
        const monthIndex = parseInt(month, 10) - 1;
        return `${parseInt(day, 10)} ${monthNames[monthIndex]} ${year}`;
    });

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Format dates. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Cardinals==
Up to 99
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function cardinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 10( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ten$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 11( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eleven$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 12( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twelve$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 13( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 14( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fourteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 15( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 16( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 17( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventeen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 18( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 19( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; nineteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 20( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 30( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 40( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 50( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 60( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 70( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 80( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 90( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 100( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; one hundred$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 2(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )1( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1one$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )2( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1two$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )3( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1three$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )4( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1four$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )5( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1five$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )6( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1six$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )7( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1seven$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )8( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1eight$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )9( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1nine$2&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Cardinals. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Ordinals==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function ordinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )1st/gm, &quot;$1first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2nd/gm, &quot;$1second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )3rd/gm, &quot;$1third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )4th/gm, &quot;$1fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )5th/gm, &quot;$1fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )6th/gm, &quot;$1sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )7th/gm, &quot;$1seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )8th/gm, &quot;$1eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )9th/gm, &quot;$1ninth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )10th/gm, &quot;$1tenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )11th/gm, &quot;$1eleventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )12th/gm, &quot;$1twelfth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )13th/gm, &quot;$1thirteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )14th/gm, &quot;$1fourteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )15th/gm, &quot;$1fifteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )16th/gm, &quot;$1sixteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )17th/gm, &quot;$1seventeenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )18th/gm, &quot;$1eighteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )19th/gm, &quot;$1nineteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )20th/gm, &quot;$1twentieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )30th/gm, &quot;$1thirtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )40th/gm, &quot;$1fortieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )50th/gm, &quot;$1fiftieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )60th/gm, &quot;$1sixtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )70th/gm, &quot;$1seventieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )80th/gm, &quot;$1eightieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )90th/gm, &quot;$1ninetieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot;$1twenty-$2$3&quot;); 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-1st/gm, &quot;-first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-2nd/gm, &quot;-second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-3rd/gm, &quot;-third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-4th/gm, &quot;-fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-5th/gm, &quot;-fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-6th/gm, &quot;-sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-7th/gm, &quot;-seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-8th/gm, &quot;-eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-9th/gm, &quot;-ninth&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Ordinals. &quot;;
}
 
function afdresult(){
    var res = prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;);
    if(!res) return;
    document.editform.wpSummary.value = 'VFD result - ' + res.replace(/'/g, '');
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    if(txt.value.length &gt; 0) txt.value += '\n';
    txt.value += '==VFD==\nOn [[DAY MONTH]] [[2005]], this article was nominated for deletion. The result was ' + res + '. See [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/{{subst:PAGENAME}}]] for a record of the discussion. &amp;ndash; ~~~~';
    txt.focus();
}

function hideafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;none&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = 'none';
}

function showafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = '';
}

function afdlinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:hideafd()', 'hide closed', 'ca-hide');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:showafd()', 'show closed', 'ca-show');
}

function addPurge(){
	if (!(mw.config.get('wgCanonicalNamespace') == 'Special'))
		mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', mw.config.get('wgServer') + '/w/index.php?title=' + encodeURIComponent(mw.config.get('wgPageName')) + '&amp;action=purge', 'Purge', 'ca-purge', 'Purge server cache for this page.', '0');
}

importScript('Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Scripts/Add edit section 0');

function changeLinks(){
    if(!document.getElementById) return;
    document.getElementById('pt-mytalk').firstChild.innerHTML = 'talk';
    document.getElementById('pt-watchlist').firstChild.innerHTML = 'watchlist';
    document.getElementById('pt-mycontris').firstChild.innerHTML = 'contributions';
}

function addPreSaveTransform(){
    // diff.click takes us to submit for some reason (the diff button doesn't)
    if (!/&amp;action=(edit|submit)/.test(window.location.href)) return;
    if (!document.forms.editform) return;
    document.forms.editform.wpSave.onclick = preSaveTransform;
}

function preSaveTransform(){
    console.log('Called PST');
    simplify_piped_links()
    updateSummary()
}

function simplify_piped_links() {
    // Get the edit box element (wpTextbox1 is the ID for the main edit area on Wikipedia)
    var editBox = document.getElementById('wpTextbox1');

    // Get the current text from the edit box
    var text = editBox.value;

    // Simplify piped links
    var simplifiedText = text.replace(/\[\[([^\|\]]+)\|([^\]]+)\]\]/g, function(match, target, display) {
        // Only replace if the display text is the same as the target text,
        // considering that the first letter is case-insensitive
        if (target.charAt(0).toLowerCase() === display.charAt(0).toLowerCase() &amp;&amp;
            target.slice(1) === display.slice(1)) {
            return '[[' + display + ']]';
        }
        // Otherwise, keep the original piped link
        return match;
    });

    // Update the edit box with the simplified text
    editBox.value = simplifiedText;
}


function isTalk(){
    if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') % 2 != 0) {
        return true
    }
    return false  
}

function isNewSection(){
    if (/&amp;section=new/.test(window.location.href)){
        return true
    }
    return false  
}
    
function updateSummary(){
    var summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value;
    if (isTalk()) {
        if (!isNewSection()){
            summary = update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary)
        }
    }
    summary = ascii_to_unicode(summary);
    summary = expand_abbr(summary);
    document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = summary;
    return true;
}

function ascii_to_unicode(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/-&gt;/g, &quot;→&quot;)
    .replace(/&lt;-/g, '←')
    .replace(/&lt;-&gt;/g, '↔')
    .replace(/\^/g, '↑')
    .replace(/\v/g, '↓');
    return text	
}

function expand_abbr(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/\bc\b/g,   'Copyedit. ')
    .replace(/\bty\b/g,   'Typo. ') // not t which picks up don't etc.
    .replace(/\bsp\b/g,  'Spelling.') // not s which picks up possessives
    .replace(/\bpn\b/g,  'is not a proper noun. ')
    .replace(/\bg\b/g,   'Grammar. ')
    .replace(/\btau\b/g, 'Tautology. ')
    .replace(/\bfp\b/g,  'Avoid future in the past tense. ')
    .replace(/\b1p\b/g,  'Avoid first person. ') // evaluate if this is useful
    .replace(/\b2p\b/g,  'Avoid second person. ')
    .replace(/  /g, ' ');
    return text	
}

function update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary){
    // If we've created a new second level section on a section edit, change the edit summary to reflect this.
    // Also update edit summary if section header changed.
    // Check if it's a section edit.  
    var old_header = summary.match(/(\/\* (.*) \*\/)/);
    if (!old_header) {return summary} // No header in the summary so this wasn't a section edit. 
    // Since we haven't stashed the page, we assume that the last level 2 section is the new one. 
    // Let's load all the level 2 headers from the edit window
    var temp = document.editform.wpTextbox1.value;
    var headerRegex = /^==\s*([^=].*?)\s*==/gm; // Must only match level 2 for now.
    var headers = [...temp.matchAll(headerRegex)];
    if (headers.length == 0) {return summary} // No headers, nothing to do
    if (headers.length == 1 &amp;&amp; old_header == 'top') {return summary} // Lets leave it in this case.
    // Grab the last header and use that.
    var edited_or_new_section_header = headers[headers.length - 1][1];
    summary_text = summary.match(/\/\* .* \*\/(.*)/)[1].trim();
    var new_header_part = &quot;/* &quot; + edited_or_new_section_header + &quot; */&quot;;
    summary = new_header_part + summary_text;
    return summary     
}

function afddelete(){
    var form = document.forms.deleteconfirm;
    form.wpReason.value = '[[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/' + unescape(window.location.href.replace(/^.*\?title=([^&amp;]+)&amp;action=delete.*$/, '$1').replace(/_/g, ' ')) + ']]';
    form.wpConfirm.checked = true;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==morelinks==
Basically afd results, shortcuts and non-mainspace pst
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function morelinks(){
/*
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Move &quot;) == 0 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot; - &quot;) != -1){
         var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

         document.forms.editform.submit();
    }
 */
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;keep&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'keep', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;merge and redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Merge and redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'merge', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'redir', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to &quot; + prompt(&quot;Transwiki to?&quot;))', 'trans', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to Wiktionary&quot;)', 'wikt', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;speedy delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'speedy', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'del', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;), &quot;&quot;)', 'other', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'replace', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:spelling()', 's', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:scots_months()', 'Mey', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replink()', '[', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:normcase()', '.', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'r', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:ordinals()', 'ﬆ', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:cardinals()', '1', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dewikifydates()', '–', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:deisodates()', '-', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:bold()', 'b', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:decomma()', ',', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:census()', '2', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dates()', 'd', 't');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:month_de_abbreviate()', '⇄', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:statenames()', '+', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdates()', '/', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdatesm()', 'm/', '');
//        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:math()', 'm', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:use_British_English()', 'B', ''); // Formerly british() - uk dab
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:capitals()', 'C', '');
 
        if ( document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Talk:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary:&quot;)       == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary talk:&quot;)  == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book talk:&quot;)     == 0
        ){
            quick()
        }
        else  { 
            if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
                if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value == msg &amp;&amp; insist==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
                else if  (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value != msg)  {always();}
            }
         };
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afdresult()', 'afd rst', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afddelete()', 'afd', '');
    }
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
/*        usermessage plainlinks */        
    }
}

function addToolBoxLinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Newpages', 'New pages', '');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Shortpages', 'Short pages', '');
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==myLoadFuncs==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function myLoadFuncs(){
    addPurge();
    changeLinks();
    addPreSaveTransform();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) != -1 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) != 0) afdlinks();
    morelinks();
    addToolBoxLinks();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0)
      addVfdLink();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==main==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
$.when($.ready,mw.loader.using('mediawiki.util')).then(myLoadFuncs)

/* &lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;*/</text>
      <sha1>h7qcb0en49r1nb2kdq4h7yewtxfyssl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>900175</id>
      <parentid>900174</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-11-15T15:15:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rich Farmbrough</username>
        <id>359</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>900175</origin>
      <model>javascript</model>
      <format>text/javascript</format>
      <text bytes="82450" sha1="2m60vomz3f2c6rcxmt2s70392ec0ngl" xml:space="preserve">// See [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Talk page]]
if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') &gt;= 0)
$(function(){
 var pCactions = document.getElementById('p-cactions');
 if (!pCactions) return;
 var caMain = pCactions.getElementsByTagName('li')[0];
 var caTalk = document.getElementById('ca-talk');
 var caEdit = document.getElementById('ca-edit');
 if (!caEdit) caEdit = document.getElementById('ca-viewsource');
 var caHistory = document.getElementById('ca-history');
 if (!caMain || !caTalk || !caEdit || !caHistory) return;
 var el_move, el_create, id2;
 if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') % 2) { //talk space
   el_move = caTalk; el_create = caMain; id2 = '';
 } else {
   el_move = caMain; el_create = caTalk; id2 = 'discussion';
 }
 caEdit.firstChild.innerHTML = 'edit';
 caHistory.firstChild.innerHTML = 'hist';
 el_move.parentNode.insertBefore(caHistory, el_move.nextSibling);
 el_move.parentNode.insertBefore(caEdit, el_move.nextSibling);
 var href = el_create.firstChild.getAttribute('href', 2);
 if (el_create.className.indexOf('new') &lt; 0){
   addPortletLink('p-cactions', href + '?action=history', 'hist',
     'ca-history-'+id2, id2+' history', '', el_create.nextSibling);
   addPortletLink('p-cactions', href + '?action=edit', 'edit',
     'ca-edit-'+id2, 'Edit '+id2, '', el_create.nextSibling);
 } 
  caMain.style.marginRight = '0.3em'; 
  caTalk.style.marginRight = '0.3em'; 
  caTalk.style.marginLeft  = '1.6em'; 
})
//
/* Text character counter - appears in toolbox */
// importScript('User:Dr pda/prosesize.js');
/*
==/*De-orphaner==
*//**/
// importScript('User:Manishearth/orphantabs.js');
/*
==Suddenly, Tammy!==
*/
// importScript('User:Topbanana/RLRL_SR_Utility.js' );
/*
==Ajax  Preview==
*/
// importScript(&quot;User:Js/ajaxPreview.js&quot;);
// ajaxPreviewPos = 'bottom';  //Buttons on the bottom, replacing standard buttons.

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==clever watchlist stuff==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

$(function (){
  if (mw.config.get('wgCanonicalSpecialPageName') !='Watchlist') return; // Are we (not) on a watchlist?
  //days = document.getElementById('bodyContent').getElementsByTagName('ul');
  days = document.querySelectorAll('ul.special')
  for (d = 0; d &lt; days.length; d++) { //For each day
    day = days[d];
    newday = document.createElement('ul'); //This will replace the old listing
    while ((diffs = day.getElementsByTagName('li')).length &gt; 0) { //Are there any diffs left?
      //Try to extract the namespace
      As = diffs[0].getElementsByTagName('a');
      if (As[0].innerHTML == 'diff')
        pagename = As[2].innerHTML;
      else
        pagename = As[1].innerHTML;
      if (pagename.indexOf(':') == -1)
        namespace = 'Main';
      else
        namespace = pagename.split(':')[0]; //This will fail for articles which contain &quot;:&quot; in name
      hdrs = newday.getElementsByTagName('h5'); //Get the list of namespace headers
      hdr = null;
      for (j=0; j&lt;hdrs.length; j++) //Find the header
        if (hdrs[j].innerHTML==namespace) {
          hdr = hdrs[j]; break;
        }
      if (hdr==null) { //Not found? Make a new one!
        hdr = document.createElement('h5');
        hdr.innerHTML = namespace;
        newday.appendChild(hdr);
        namespacesub = document.createElement('ul');
        newday.appendChild(namespacesub);
      }
      hdr.nextSibling.appendChild(diffs[0]); //Move the diff
    }
    newday.appendChild(document.createElement('hr')); //For readability
    day.parentNode.replaceChild(newday,day);
  }
});
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==closeafd==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

function closeafd(bold, notbold){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = &quot;{{subst:vt}} '''&quot; + bold + &quot;'''&quot; + notbold + &quot;. &amp;ndash; ~~~~\n&quot; + txt.value + &quot;\n{{AfD bottom}}\n&quot;;
  txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
  txt.value = &quot;close discussion: &quot; + bold + notbold;
  document.editform.wpWatchthis.checked = false;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Reg-ex==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function replace(){
    var s = prompt(&quot;Search reg exp?&quot;);
    if(s){
        var r = prompt(&quot;Replace reg exp?&quot;);
        var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
        txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(s, &quot;g&quot;), r);
    }
}

function post_heading(content){
    const headingWithBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)\s*\2\s*\n\n+/gm;
    const withBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithBlankLines) || []).length;
    const headingWithoutBlankLines = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2(?!\n+)/gm;
    const withoutBlankLines = (content.match(headingWithoutBlankLines) || []).length;
    if (withoutBlankLines &gt;= withBlankLines) {
        content = content.replace(headingWithBlankLines, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; {
            return `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p4}${p3}${p2}\n`;
        });
    }
    return content;
}

function headings(content){
    const headingWithSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s+(.+?)\s+\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const headingWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)(={2,6})[^\s=](.+?[^\s=])\2([ \t]*)$/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(headingWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(headingWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &gt; withSpaces) {
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})\s*(.+?)\s*\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4) =&gt; `${p1}${p2}${p3}${p2}${p4}`);
    }
    else{
        heading = /(^|\n)(={2,6})(\s*)(.+?)(\s*)\2([ \t]*)$/gm;
        content = content.replace(heading, (match, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6) =&gt; {
            if (!p3 || !p5) return `${p1}${p2}${p4}${p2}`; // Use no spaces
            return `${p1}${p2} ${p4} ${p2}`; // Use single spaces
        });
    }
    return content
}

function lists(content){
    const listItemsWithSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+) /gsm;
    const listItemsWithoutSpaces = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)[^;:\*# ]/gsm;
    const withSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithSpaces) || []).length;
    const withoutSpaces = (content.match(listItemsWithoutSpaces) || []).length;
    if (withoutSpaces &lt; withSpaces) {
        item = /(^|\n)([;:\*#]+)([^;:\*# ])/gm;
        content = content.replace(item, (match, p1, p2, p3) =&gt; `${p1}${p2} ${p3}`);
    }
    return content
}

/* Remember doesn't apply to pages outside main namespace */
msg=&quot;Copyedit. &quot;;
insist=0;
diff=1;
preview=0;
submit=0;
function always(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  let is_dab = /{{\s*(disambiguation|dab|disamb|disambig|dbig)\b/i.test(txt.value); /* Disambiguation flag */
  temp=txt.value;
  var test=0;
  txt.value = lists(txt.value);
  // if (!wpSection || !wpSection.value) {
  if (!/&amp;section=/.test(window.location.href)){
      txt.value = add_authority_control(txt.value);  
  } 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ISBN:\s*/gm, &quot;ISBN &quot;);
  if (!txt.value.match(/&lt;math&gt;/)){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ +$/gm, &quot;&quot;); /* trailing spaces get rid of */
  }
  txt.value = headings(txt.value);
  txt.value = post_heading(txt.value);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/==(\n)\n+/gm, &quot;==$1$1&quot;); /* remove multiple blank line after headers */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=])(\n)(\n*)==/gm, &quot;$1$2$2==&quot;); /* One blank line before headers */
/* ^ should also not match a comment after a header followed by another header */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[J\.* *R\.* *R\.* *Tolk(?:ie|ei)n\]\]('|’)s/gim, &quot;[[J. R. R. Tolkien|J. R. R. Tolkien$1s]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Country Music\|(C|c)ountry\]\]/gm, &quot;[[Country music|$1ountry]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([a-z,] )\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1[[country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\n|\.|\=\s*) \[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;$1 [[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\(\[\[Country Music\]\]/gm, &quot;([[Country music]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{template:/gim, &quot;{{&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{cite-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cite-section|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{expand}}/gim, &quot;{{Expand|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(cleanup|clean|clean up|clean-up|attention)}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(an|cn|citation(_|-| |)needed|citation required|cite(_|-| |)needed|needs( |_)citation|reference( |_)needed|uncited|fact)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Citation needed|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{\s*(recently revised|rrevised|)\s*\|*\s*}}/gim, &quot;{{Recently revised|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unsourced|references|unreferenced|unref|sources)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Unreferenced$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(nn|notability)(\|\w+)}}/gim, &quot;{{Notability$2|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(significance|importance|explain significance)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(importance-s)}}/gim, &quot;{{Importance-s|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{Cleanup-section}}/gim, &quot;{{Cleanup-section|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(uncategorizedstub|uncatstub)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorizedstub|{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(unlinked|linkless|orphan)}}/gim, &quot;{{Orphan|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{(classify|categories needed|catneeded|categori(s|z)e|nocats*|categoryneeded|uncat|uncategori(s|z)ed)}}/gim, &quot;{{Uncategorized|date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}&quot;);
if (test==1 &amp;&amp; temp!=txt.value){temp=txt.value;document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;4&quot;;}

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*external\s*links*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1External links$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+)\s*references*\s*(==+)/gm, &quot;$1References$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[US\|/gm, &quot;[[United States|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*(USA|US|U\.S\.)\s*\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United States\|USA\]\](\.|)/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[USA\]\]([^\.])/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[U\.S\.\]\]/gm, &quot;[[United States|US]]&quot;);
  if (!is_dab){
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|MongoliaUlan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru))\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\[\|:]+)\|([^\]\[\|:]+), +(Alabama|Alaska|Arizona|Arkansas|California|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|Florida|Georgia|Hawaii|Idaho|Illinois|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maine|Maryland|Massachusetts|Michigan|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|New York|North Carolina|North Dakota|Ohio|Oklahoma|Oregon|Pennsylvania|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Texas|Utah|Vermont|Virginia|Washington|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming|Washington, DC|Washington, D.C.|British Columbia|Alberta|Saskatchewan|Manitoba|Ontario|Quebec|New Brunswick|Nova Scotia|Prince Edward Island|Newfoundland and Labrador|Bedfordshire|Berkshire|City of Bristol|Buckinghamshire|Cambridgeshire|Cheshire|Cornwall|Cumbria|Derbyshire|Devon|Dorset|Durham|East Riding of Yorkshire|East Sussex|Essex|Gloucestershire|Greater London|Greater Manchester|Hampshire|Herefordshire|Hertfordshire|Isle of Wight|Kent|Lancashire|Leicestershire|Lincolnshire|City of London|Merseyside|Norfolk|Northamptonshire|Northumberland|North Yorkshire|Nottinghamshire|Oxfordshire|Rutland|Shropshire|Somerset|South Yorkshire|Staffordshire|Suffolk|Surrey|Tyne and Wear|Warwickshire|West Midlands|West Sussex|West Yorkshire|Wiltshire|Worcestershire|England|France|London|Paris|South Africa|Rome|Italy|New Zealand|Australia|Queensland|New South Wales|Tasmania|Queensland|South Australia|Victoria|Western Australia|Northern Territory|Australian Capital Territory|Spain|Germany|Portugal|Berlin|Greece|Europe|Turkey|Russia|Ukraine|Sweden|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Latvia|Lithuania|Estonia|Scotland|Wales|Ireland|Belgium|Netherlands|Luxemburg|Istanbul|Moscow|London|Paris|Madrid|Barcelona|Saint Petersburg|Milan|Rome|Athens|India|China|Mumbai|Calcutta|Punjab|Mongolia|Ulan Bator|Beijing|Tokyo|Kyoto|Osaka|Wellington|Washington|Usbekistan|Iraq|Iran|Afghanistan|Antarctica|Cuba|Brazil|Chuile|Jamaica|Mexico|Peru)\]\]/gim,&quot;[[$1|$2]], $3&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Rome, Italy\|Rome\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Rome]]&quot;);
  }
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\{\{lifetime\|/gim, &quot;{{subst:ltm|&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  // add any custom message to summary
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + msg;
  /* fix specific typo, if in edit summary */
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value.replace(/([Tt])empalte/g, &quot;$1emplate&quot;);
  if (diff==1) {document.editform.wpDiff.click();}
  else if (submit==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
}

function isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates){
   // Create a regex pattern to match any of the templates
  var regexString = '{{\\s*(?:[Tt]emplate:)?(?:' + templates.map(function(t) {
     return t.replace(/ /g, '\\s*');
  }).join('|') + ')\\b[^}]*}}';
  return new RegExp(regexString, 'i');
}

function add_authority_control(content) {
  // List of template names to check for (including redirects)
  var templates = [
            'Authority control',
            'Authority Control',
            'Authoritycontrol',
            'External identifiers',
            'External Identifiers',
            'Externalidentifiers',
            'Authority comtrol',
            'Auth',
            'AutC'
  ];
  
  var regex = isThereA_regex_from_template_list(templates);

  // If any of the redirect templates are found, return content unchanged
  if (regex.test(content)) {
      return content;
  }
  var lines = content.split('\n');
  var category_found = false
 
  // Work backwards from the end to find the correct insertion point
  for (var insertIndex = lines.length - 1; insertIndex &gt;= 0; insertIndex--) {
      var line = lines[insertIndex].trim();

      if (line === '') {
         // Blank line, continue searching
         continue;
      }

      // Check for stubs
      if (/^\{\{\s*[^}]*-stub\s*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a stub template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for categories
      if (/^\[\[\s*Category:.*\]\]\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's a category, continue searching
          category_found = true;    
          continue;
      }

      // Check for DEFAULTSORT (case-insensitive)
      if (/^\{\{\s*DEFAULTSORT:.*\}\}\s*$/i.test(line)) {
          // It's DEFAULTSORT, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Check for &quot;Use ...&quot; or &quot;{{Coord...&quot;templates
      if (/^\{\{\s*([Uu]se|[Cc]oord).*\}\}\s*$/.test(line)) {
          // It's a &quot;Use ...&quot; template, continue searching
          continue;
      }

      // Found where to insert the template
      insertIndex += 1;
      break;
    }

    if (!category_found){
        return(content);
    }
    // Prepare the template to insert
    var authorityControlTemplate = '{{Authority control}}';

    // Decide whether to add a blank line before the template
    var lineBeforeInsert = lines[insertIndex - 1] || '';
    if (lineBeforeInsert.trim() !== '' &amp;&amp; !/^\{\{[^}]*\}\}\s*$/.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())) {
        // If the line before is not a template, add a blank line
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);    
    } else if (/^\{\{[Rr]eflist[^}]*\}\}\s*$/i.test(lineBeforeInsert.trim())){
         // Template is probably not navbox or succession box  
         lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, '', authorityControlTemplate);
    } else {
        lines.splice(insertIndex, 0, authorityControlTemplate);
    }
    return lines.join('\n');
}

function quick(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  temp=txt.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(User|Special|Template)/gi,&quot;[[$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[::(File|Image|Category)/gi,&quot;[[:$1&quot;);
  if (temp==txt.value) {return;}
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Fix multiple : lint error. &quot;;
}


function summary_append(appendStr, replaceStr) {
    const summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary;
    const currentValue = summary.value;

    if (currentValue.includes(appendStr)) {
        if (replaceStr &amp;&amp; !currentValue.includes(replaceStr)) {
            // Replace appendStr with replaceStr
            summary.value = currentValue.replace(appendStr, replaceStr);
        }
        // Do nothing if replaceStr is empty
    } else {
        // Append appendStr if not already in the summary
        summary.value += appendStr;
    }
}


function spelling(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // Preserve text in quotes, template parameters called &quot;title,&quot; and image names
    var preservePatterns = [
        /&quot;[^&quot;]*&quot;/g,                                    // Text in quotes
        /title\s*=\s*[^|\n}]*/ig,                      // Template parameters called &quot;title&quot;
        /\[\[(File|Image):[^\]]+\]\]/ig,               // Image names in square brackets
        /(\b(map|image)\s*=\s*)(File|Image):[^\n|}]+\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg)/ig  // Image names as parameter values
    ];
    
    var preserved = [];
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(preservePatterns.map(p =&gt; p.source).join('|'), 'gi'), function(match) {
        preserved.push(match);
        return &quot;&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE&quot; + (preserved.length - 1) + &quot;&gt;&gt;&gt;&quot;;
    });
//  canonicalise bda
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{bda\|/i,&quot;{{Birth date and age|&quot;);
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/{{dda\|/i,&quot;{{Death date and age|&quot;);

/* Date order */
// Ranges first:
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s+((0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d) *([-–—−\/]|through|to) *(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d))\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
//single dates
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s+(0[1-9]|30|31|[12]?\d)\b/ig, &quot;$2 $1&quot;)
// normalise spacing
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\b\d{1,2})\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// leading 0
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b0(\d)\s+(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/ig, &quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// delink
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\s*\b(\d{1,2})\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*\]\]/ig,&quot;$1 $2&quot;)
// remove comma and delink year
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*,*\s*\[\[(\d{1,4})\b(\s*)\]\](\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)
// remove comma if year 
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{1,2}) +(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*,*\s*(\d{3,4})\b(\s*)(\s*)/ig,&quot;$1 $2 $3$4$5&quot;)

// Fix up birth/death date templates mf=y/yes
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]irth[ _]*date|[Dd]eath[ _]*date)\s*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|\s*\d*\s*)*\|)\s*mf\s*=\s*[yY](?:es)*\s*(\||}|\n)/g,&quot;$1df=y$2&quot;)
// Fix up birth/death date templates only digits
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/({{[\s_]*(?:(?:[Bb]ir|[Dd]ea)th[ _]*date[ _]*(?:and[ _]*age)*|[Bb]irth[ _]+date[ _]+and[ _]+age2)\s*(?:\|[ \d]*)*)}}/g,&quot;$1|df=y}}&quot;)

    // Restore preserved parts
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE(\d+)&gt;&gt;&gt;/g, function(match, p1) {
        return preserved[parseInt(p1)];
    });

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}

function replace_month_names(text) {
    const monthMapping = {
        &quot;January&quot;: &quot;Januar&quot;,
        &quot;February&quot;: &quot;Februar&quot;,
        &quot;March&quot;: &quot;Mairch&quot;,
        &quot;April&quot;: &quot;Aprile&quot;,
        &quot;May&quot;: &quot;Mey&quot;,
        &quot;June&quot;: &quot;Juin&quot;,
        &quot;July&quot;: &quot;Julie&quot;,
        &quot;August&quot;: &quot;August&quot;,
        &quot;September&quot;: &quot;September&quot;,
        &quot;October&quot;: &quot;October&quot;,
        &quot;November&quot;: &quot;November&quot;,
        &quot;December&quot;: &quot;December&quot;
    };

    const regex = new RegExp(Object.keys(monthMapping).join('|'), 'g');

    return text.replace(regex, (match) =&gt; monthMapping[match]);
}


function scots_months(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // Preserve text in quotes, template parameters called &quot;title,&quot; and image names
    var preservePatterns = [
        /&quot;[^&quot;]*&quot;/g,                                    // Text in quotes
        /title\s*=\s*[^|\n}]*/ig,                      // Template parameters called &quot;title&quot;
        /\[\[(File|Image):[^\]]+\]\]/ig,               // Image names in square brackets
        /(\b(map|image)\s*=\s*)(File|Image):[^\n|}]+\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg)/ig  // Image names as parameter values
    ];
    
    var preserved = [];
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(new RegExp(preservePatterns.map(p =&gt; p.source).join('|'), 'gi'), function(match) {
        preserved.push(match);
        return &quot;&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE&quot; + (preserved.length - 1) + &quot;&gt;&gt;&gt;&quot;;
    });

    txt.value = replace_month_names(txt.value)
    // Restore preserved parts
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&lt;&lt;&lt;PRESERVE(\d+)&gt;&gt;&gt;/g, function(match, p1) {
        return preserved[parseInt(p1)];
    });

    document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}

function use_British_English(){
    return
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Simplify wikilinks==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function decomma(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(.*)?  (.*)?\]\]/g,&quot;[[$1 $2]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[ /g,&quot;[[&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ \]\]/g,&quot;]]&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ ==$/gm, &quot;==&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^== /gm, &quot;==&quot;);
/*De-pipe if possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
/* Pull text inside piped link */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]\|]+)\]\]([A-Za-z\'])([\w\d]*)([\.\,\;\:\&quot;\!\?\s]+)/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2$3$4]]$5&quot;); 
/*De-pipe if now possible */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|\1([^\]\|\-\'\s]*)\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2&quot;); 
  
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Simplified wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/* document.forms.editform.submit(); */
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Repeated links==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function replink(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]\|]+)\|([^\]]*)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\|\2\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1|$2]]$3$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[([^\]]+)\]\](.*[.\n]*)\[\[\1\]\]/gm, &quot;[[$1]]$2$1&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value + &quot;Remove duplicate wikilink. &quot;;
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}


function normcase(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ (==+)$/gm, &quot;$1&quot;);
//  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/^(==+) /gm, &quot;$1&quot;);  
/*  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==\s*\&quot;*[\w])(.*==)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2) { 
        return($1.toUpperCase()+$2.toLowerCase());
      }
   );*/
  txt.value = txt.value.replace( /(==+\s*\&quot;*)(.*?)(==+)/ig , 
     function($0,$1,$2,$3) {
        var result=$1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3;
        if ($0==result) {return (result);}
        result = result.replace (/^(==+)\s*(.*?[^\s])\s*(==+)$/,&quot;$1&quot;+&quot;$2&quot;+&quot;$3&quot;);
        return (result);    
//        return($1+toHeaderCase($2)+$3)
      }      
   );
   var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
   var summary = &quot;Correct caps in section header. &quot;;
   if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
	if (txt.value.match(/.*[^\s]$/)) {
	    txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
        }
	txt.value += summary;
  }
  document.editform.wpDiff.click();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==toHeaderCase==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function toHeaderCase(txt){
// All caps stay all caps if more than 1 letter
// First word gets a cap
// Words containing a fullstop unchanged
// DVD and LP to caps
// TV to Television
// USA to US
// &amp; to and
// rest to lowercase
  var words = new Array();
  var result = &quot;&quot;;
  words = txt.split(' ');

  for (var i=0;i&lt;words.length;i++){
//    Replace specific abbreviations (don't worry about case)
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^tv$/gim, &quot;television&quot;);
      words[i]=words[i].replace(/^&amp;$/gim, &quot;and&quot;);

//    Ignore most other abbreviations for now 
      if ((( words[i].length &gt; 1) &amp;&amp; (words[i] == words[i].toUpperCase() )) 
        || ( words[i].indexOf('.')!= -1) || (words[i]==&quot;I&quot;)
      ){
//        Do nothing
      }
//    Else capitalise first word 
      else if (i==0) {
          words[i]=words[i].substring(0,1).toUpperCase()+words[i].substring(1).toLowerCase();
      }
//    Lowercase the rest 
      else {words[i]=words[i].toLowerCase();}
//    Add the word to the result string 
      if (i==0) {result=words[i];}  else {result=result+&quot; &quot;+words[i];} 
  }
//Uppercase/correct specific abbreviations 
  result = result.replace(/\blp\b/gim, &quot;LP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\blps\b/gim, &quot;LPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bep\b/gim, &quot;EP&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\beps\b/gim, &quot;EPs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvd\b/gim, &quot;DVD&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bdvds\b/gim, &quot;DVDs&quot;);  
  result = result.replace(/\bUSA\b/gim, &quot;US&quot;);

  return(result);
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Units==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function census(){
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

    // Convert &amp;deg; into ° symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;deg;/g, '°');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/º/g, '°');


    // Convert &amp;sup; into superscript ² symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup2;/g, '²');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/&amp;sup3;/g, '³');

    // Convert the word ohm(s) or the html entity into the actual Ω symbol (Omega, not the actual ohm symbol &amp;#8486;) and make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?\s?(&amp;Omega;|ohm|Ohm)s?([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Ω$4');

    // Convert various micro symbols into the actual micro symbol, make sure it's spaced
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(&amp;mu;|μ|&amp;micro;)(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 µ$3$4');

    // Convert capital K to lowercase k in units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?K(g|s|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|M)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 k$2$3');

    // Fix common spelling error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/celcius/gi, 'Celsius');

    // Capitalize units correctly
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(khz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 kHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mhz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 MHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ghz)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 GHz$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(hz|HZ)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Hz$4');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|μ|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(pa|PA)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2Pa$4');

    // Fix kilometres
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kms)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise kilometres per hour and add space
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/hr)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');
    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(kmh)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km\/h)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km/h$3');

    // Space before horsepower symbol
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(hp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 hp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bhp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 bhp$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(shp)([\s,.@])/gi, '$1 shp$3');

    // Space before other units
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(cc)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 cc$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ml)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 ml$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(km)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 km$3');

    // Standardise miles per hour and rpm
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(m.p.h.)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 mph$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(mph)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;mph$3');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 rpm$3');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(rpm)([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;rpm$3');

    // Standardise symbol for pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d\+?)\s?lbs/gi, '$1 lb');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d&amp;nbsp;lb)s/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(\[\[lbs\]\])/gi, '$1 \[\[Pound (mass)|lb\]\]');

    // Standardise symbol for foot pounds
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1 ft·lbf');

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[fs][ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb[fs])/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(lb[ -.•\/]ft)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)&amp;nbsp;(ft[ -.•\/]lb)/gi, '$1&amp;nbsp;ft·lbf');

    // Symbols for feet and inches

    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^;°]\s?\s?)(\d{1,4})\s?(['’])\s?(\d{1,2})\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([:=\/\(])\s*(\d{1,3)\s?(['’])\s?(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1$2 ft $4 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(1?\d)\s?([&quot;”])/gi, '$1 in');
    //txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(eight[:= ]{1,2})\s?(\d)-(\d{1,2})([\s,.\/\)])/gi, '$1 $2 ft $3 in');


    // Give digital value a percent symbol '%' instead of word
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)[\s?-]per *cent([^aei])/gi, '$1%$2');

    // Add a space before dB or B
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(dB|B)\b/g, '$1 $2');

    // Add a space before any units that were missed before
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)?(g|m|A|K|mol|cd|rad|sr|Hz|N|J|W|Pa|lm|lx|C|V|Ω|F|Wb|T|H|S|Bq|Gy|Sv|kat|°C|°F|M)([\s,.\\/)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // Separate one for seconds since they give a lot of false positives like &quot;1970s&quot;.  Only difference is mandatory prefix.
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(Y|Z|E|P|T|G|M|k|K|h|da|d|c|m|µ|n|p|f|a|z|y)(s)([\s,.\/\)])/g, '$1 $2$3$4');

    // bps or b/s or bits/s --&gt; bit/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(bps|bits?\/s|b\/s)/g, ' $1bit/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\d)\s?(bps)/gi, '$1 bit/s');

    // Bps or byte/s or bytes/s --&gt; B/s
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([KkMmGgTtPpEeYyZz])(Bps|bytes?\/s)/g, ' $1B/s');

    // After that, make capitalization correct
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/K(bit|B)\/s/g, 'k$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/m(bit|B)\/s/g, 'M$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/g(bit|B)\/s/g, 'G$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/t(bit|B)\/s/g, 'T$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/e(bit|B)\/s/g, 'E$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/y(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Y$1/s');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/z(bit|B)\/s/g, 'Z$1/s');

    // Common error
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/mibi(bit|byte)/g, 'mebi$1');

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Units. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; | &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Day slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*Note a leading colon could well be an &quot;EasyTimeline&quot; */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d\d\d\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/([0|1|2|3]?\d)/gm, &quot;$1$4 zz$3zz $2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)([0|1|2|3]?\d)\/([0|1|2]?\d)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz $4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d+)\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(\d{1,2})\/(\d{1,2})\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$2 zz$3zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Month slash dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function slashdatesm(){ /* month day year - pox. */
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/(\d\d\d\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([01]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 20$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\)|\&gt;|\*|\||\(|\'|=|\s)(0?[1-9]|1[012])\/(\d+)\/([23456789]\d)/gm, &quot;$1$3 zz$2zz 19$4&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/0(\d) zz/gm, &quot;$1 zz&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz0(\d)zz/gm, &quot;zz$1zz&quot;);

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz1zz/gm, &quot;Januar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz2zz/gm, &quot;Februar&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz3zz/gm, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz4zz/gm, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz5zz/gm, &quot;Mey&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz6zz/gm, &quot;Juin&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz7zz/gm, &quot;Julie&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz8zz/gm, &quot;August&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz9zz/gm, &quot;September&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz10zz/gm, &quot;October&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz11zz/gm, &quot;November&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/zz12zz/gm, &quot;December&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Clarify date(s) from xx/xx/xxx format. &quot;;    
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==British Old English==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/

function british(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\]\]/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|Old English]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Old English\|/gim, &quot;[[Old English language|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|British]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[British\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\]\]/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom]]&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[United kingdom\|/gim, &quot;[[United Kingdom|&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;dab/red UK/OE. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Math==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function math(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\binom\s*\{([^\}]*)\}\s*\{([^\}]*)\}/gim, &quot;{ $1 \\choose $2 }&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\$\s*(.*?)\s*\$/gim, &quot;\&lt;math\&gt;$1\&lt;\/math\&gt;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\displaystyle/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\partial/gim, &quot;\\part&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\end\{array\}/gim, &quot;\\end{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\begin\{array\}\s*\(11\)/gim, &quot;\\begin{matrix}&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\rvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\lvert/gim, &quot;|&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\.\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\.&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\,\&lt;\/math\&gt;/gim, &quot;\&lt;\/math\&gt;\,&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mbox/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\\mathscr/gim, &quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/“/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);  
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/”/gim, &quot;\&quot;&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;&lt;br&gt;{{planetmath|id=|title=}} &quot;
  txt.value = txt.value + &quot;[[Category:combinatorics]]&quot;
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=&quot;Import from Planet Math. &quot;;

}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==bold==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function bold(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*  var title = document.title.value;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
 */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;\/i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;b\&gt;/gim, &quot;'''&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\&lt;i\&gt;/gim, &quot;''&quot;);

  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Bold/Italics. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==State names==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function statenames(){
   var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAL\b/gm,&quot;Alabama&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAK\b/gm,&quot;Alaska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAZ\b/gm,&quot;Arizona&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAR\b/gm,&quot;Arkansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCA\b/gm,&quot;California&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCO\b/gm,&quot;Colorado&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCT\b/gm,&quot;Connecticut&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDE\b/gm,&quot;Delaware&quot;); 
   /* txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bDC\b/gm,&quot;District of Columbia&quot;); */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFL\b/gm,&quot;Florida&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGA\b/gm,&quot;Georgia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bHI\b/gm,&quot;Hawaii&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bID\b/gm,&quot;Idaho&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIL\b/gm,&quot;Illinois&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIN\b/gm,&quot;Indiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bIA\b/gm,&quot;Iowa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKS\b/gm,&quot;Kansas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bKY\b/gm,&quot;Kentucky&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bLA\b/gm,&quot;Louisiana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bME\b/gm,&quot;Maine&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMD\b/gm,&quot;Maryland&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMA\b/gm,&quot;Massachusetts&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMI\b/gm,&quot;Michigan&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMN\b/gm,&quot;Minnesota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMS\b/gm,&quot;Mississippi&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMO\b/gm,&quot;Missouri&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMT\b/gm,&quot;Montana&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNE\b/gm,&quot;Nebraska&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNV\b/gm,&quot;Nevada&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNH\b/gm,&quot;New Hampshire&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNJ\b/gm,&quot;New Jersey&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNM\b/gm,&quot;New Mexico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNY\b/gm,&quot;New York&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bNC\b/gm,&quot;North Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bND\b/gm,&quot;North Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOH\b/gm,&quot;Ohio&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOK\b/gm,&quot;Oklahoma&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bOR\b/gm,&quot;Oregon&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPA\b/gm,&quot;Pennsylvania&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bRI\b/gm,&quot;Rhode Island&quot;); /* and Providence Plantations, naturally */
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSC\b/gm,&quot;South Carolina&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bSD\b/gm,&quot;South Dakota&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTN\b/gm,&quot;Tennessee&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTX\b/gm,&quot;Texas&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bUT\b/gm,&quot;Utah&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVT\b/gm,&quot;Vermont&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVA\b/gm,&quot;Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWA\b/gm,&quot;Washington&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWV\b/gm,&quot;West Virginia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWI\b/gm,&quot;Wisconsin&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bWY\b/gm,&quot;Wyoming&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bAS\b/gm,&quot;American Samoa&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bGU\b/gm,&quot;Guam&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMP\b/gm,&quot;Northern Mariana Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPR\b/gm,&quot;Puerto Rico&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bVI\b/gm,&quot;Virgin Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bFM\b/gm,&quot;Federated States of Micronesia&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bMH\b/gm,&quot;Marshall Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPW\b/gm,&quot;Palau&quot;);
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCZ\b/gm,&quot;Panama Canal Zone&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bPI\b/gm,&quot;Philippines&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bTT\b/gm,&quot;Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands&quot;); 
   txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\bCM\b/gm,&quot;Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands&quot;);
  
   document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Expand US postal abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dates(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
/*
  if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value==&quot;Date fixes. &quot;) {
    document.forms.editform.submit();
  }
  else
*/
 if(txt.value.indexOf(&quot;opyvio&quot;) == -1){
/* Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/accessdate\s*=\s*(\w)/gm,&quot;accessdate = $1X&quot;);
/* Ranges of days within months */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)\s*(\d{1,2})\s*-\s*(\d{1,2})(\D)/gm,&quot;$1 $2-$1 $3$4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*-\s*([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])\s*(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)/gm,&quot;$1 $3-$2 $3&quot;);
/* standard formats */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);

/* The xxx th of yyy */

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1 $2 $3&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/(?:the)?(?:\s)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd)?(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1 $2$3&quot;);
/* xx th of yyy

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3 $4&quot;);

 txt.value =
txt.value.replace(/([^=\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|3[01])(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*of\s*)(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December|Januar|Februar|Mairch|Aprile|Mey|Juin|Julie)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 $3$4&quot;);
*/
/* jan.... */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jan)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Januar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jan)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Januar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jan\.?|January|Januar])(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Januar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Feb)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Februar $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Feb)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Februar$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Feb\.?|February|Februar)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Februar$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Mar)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Mairch $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Mar)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Mairch$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Mar\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Mairch$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Apr)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Aprile $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Apr)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Aprile$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Apr\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Aprile$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jun)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Juin $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jun)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Juin$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jun\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Juin$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Jul)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 Julie $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Jul)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 Julie$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Jul\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 Julie$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Aug)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 August $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Aug)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 August$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Aug\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 August$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Sep|Sept)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 September $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Sep|Sept)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 September$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Sep\.?|Sept\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 September$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Oct)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 October $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Oct)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 October$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Oct\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 October$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Nov)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 November $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Nov)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 November$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Nov\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 November$4&quot;);

txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s*)(Dec)\.?(?:[\s,]*)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$2 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|st|rd|nd|)(?:[\s,]+)(\d{3,4})/gim, &quot;$1$3 December $4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d])([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:\s*)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)(?:\s)(Dec)(\W+)/gim, &quot;$1$2 December$4&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\[\d\_])(Dec\.?)(?:\s*)([1-9]|1\d|2\d|30|31)(?:th|rd|st|nd|)([^\w])/gi, &quot;$1$3 December$4&quot;);

/* accessmonthday, accessyear */
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\]\s*\|\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)/gi, &quot;$1$2&quot;);
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(\s*accessyear\s*=\s*)(\d+)(\s*\|\s*accessmonthday\s*=\s*\[\[(?:\w+ \d+|\d+ \w+)\]\])/gi, &quot;$1$2$3&quot;);


/* De-Prep accessdate= */
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ac+es+date(\s*=\s*)(\w)X/gm,&quot;accessdate$1$2&quot;);

/* document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Tidy dates (where month and day both present). &quot;; */
document.editform.wpDiff.click();
/*document.forms.editform.submit(); */
    } /* if not a copyvio */
}

function month_de_abbreviate(){
 var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jan)\b/gim, &quot;Januar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Feb)\b/gim, &quot;Februar&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Mar)\b/gim, &quot;Mairch&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Apr)\b/gim, &quot;Aprile&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jun)\b/gim, &quot;Juin&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Jul)\b/gim, &quot;Julie&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Aug)\b/gim, &quot;August&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Sep|Sept)\b/gim, &quot;September&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Oct)\b/gim, &quot;October&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Nov)\b/gim, &quot;November&quot;);
 txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(Dec)\b/gim, &quot;December&quot;);
 document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value=document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value+&quot;Fix month abbreviations. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Capitals==
A crude first pass fixer for text that is almost all in lowercase
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function capitals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +a/gm, &quot;$1 A&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +b/gm, &quot;$1 B&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +c/gm, &quot;$1 C&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +d/gm, &quot;$1 D&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +e/gm, &quot;$1 E&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +f/gm, &quot;$1 F&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +g/gm, &quot;$1 G&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +h/gm, &quot;$1 H&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +i/gm, &quot;$1 I&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +j/gm, &quot;$1 J&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +k/gm, &quot;$1 K&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +l/gm, &quot;$1 L&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +m/gm, &quot;$1 M&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +n/gm, &quot;$1 N&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +o/gm, &quot;$1 O&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +p/gm, &quot;$1 P&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +q/gm, &quot;$1 Q&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +r/gm, &quot;$1 R&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +s/gm, &quot;$1 S&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +t/gm, &quot;$1 T&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +u/gm, &quot;$1 U&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +v/gm, &quot;$1 V&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +w/gm, &quot;$1 W&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +x/gm, &quot;$1 X&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +y/gm, &quot;$1 Y&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\.|\n]) +z/gm, &quot;$1 Z&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Caps &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Dewikify dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function dewikifydates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    // century
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century)\]\]/gi, '$1 century');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th)[ -]century\|(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))[ -](centuries)\]\]/gi, '$1 centuries');

    // decades
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4}s)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // months
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[January\|(Jan)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[February\|(Feb)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[March\|(Mar)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[April\|(Apr)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[May\|(May)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[June\|(Jun)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[July\|(Jul)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[August\|(Aug)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[September\|(Sep)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[October\|(Oct)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[November\|(Nov)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[December\|(Dec)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{3,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // days of the week including optional plurals
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mondays?|Tuesdays?|Wednesdays?|Thursdays?|Fridays?|Saturdays?|Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    // days of the week but leave out 'Sun' as potentially valid link to the Sun
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(Mon|Tue|Tues|Wed|Thu|Thur|Thurs|Fri|Sat)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Mondays?\|(Mondays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Tuesdays?\|(Tuesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Wednesdays?\|(Wednesdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Thursdays?\|(Thursdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Fridays?\|(Fridays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Saturdays?\|(Saturdays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[Sundays?\|(Sundays?)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // ranked days
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // misconfigured
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}(?:st|nd|rd|th))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December) \d{1,2}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // Month plus year
txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[((?:January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\s*,*\s* \d\d\d+)\]\]/gi, '$1');

    // year
    //BC etc
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[(\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE))\]\]/gi, '$1');
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4} (?:AD|BC|CE|BCE)\|(\d{1,4})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    //4 digits years piped into 2
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\[\[\d{1,4}\|(\d{1,2})\]\]/gi, '$1');
    var x=0;
    while (x&lt;3) {x++;  
    //year: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: text on left, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, text on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?[\w\(\);:.\*\|\&amp;])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year:avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on both sides
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, avoid links on right
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\]([^\[]{4})/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: avoid links on left, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^\]]{4})\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');

      //year: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3');
      //year pair: last character in link on left is not month or digit, first character in link on right is not month or digit
      txt.value = txt.value.replace(/([^yhletr\d]\]\]\s?,?\-?\s?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](.?.?.?.?.?.?)\[\[(\d{1,4})\]\](\s?,?\-?\s?\[\[[^jfmasond\d])/gi, '$1$2$3$4$5');
    }


    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Date fragments delinked. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Deiso dates==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
const monthNames = [&quot;Januar&quot;, &quot;Februar&quot;, &quot;Mairch&quot;, &quot;Aprile&quot;, &quot;Mey&quot;, &quot;Juin&quot;,
                        &quot;Julie&quot;, &quot;August&quot;, &quot;September&quot;, &quot;October&quot;, &quot;November&quot;, &quot;December&quot;];
function deisodates() {
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
       
    txt.value = txt.value.replace(/\b(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})\b/g, (match, year, month, day) =&gt; {
        const monthIndex = parseInt(month, 10) - 1;
        return `${parseInt(day, 10)} ${monthNames[monthIndex]} ${year}`;
    });

    // Add a tag to the summary box
    var txt = document.editform.wpSummary;
    var summary = &quot;Format dates. &quot;;
	if (txt.value.indexOf(summary) == -1) {
		if (txt.value.match(/[^\*\/\s][^\/\s]?\s*$/)) {
			txt.value += &quot; &quot;;
		}
		txt.value += summary;
	}

    // Press the diff button to check it
    document.editform.wpDiff.click()
}

/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;

==Cardinals==
Up to 99
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function cardinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 10( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ten$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 11( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eleven$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 12( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twelve$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 13( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 14( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fourteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 15( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 16( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 17( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventeen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 18( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 19( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; nineteen$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 20( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 30( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 40( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 50( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 60( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 70( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 80( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 90( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 100( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; one hundred$1&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 2(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; twenty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )1( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1one$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )2( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1two$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )3( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1three$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )4( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1four$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )5( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1five$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )6( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1six$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )7( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1seven$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )8( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1eight$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(-| )9( |\. |\, )/gm, &quot;$1nine$2&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Cardinals. &quot;;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==Ordinals==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function ordinals(){
  var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )1st/gm, &quot;$1first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2nd/gm, &quot;$1second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )3rd/gm, &quot;$1third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )4th/gm, &quot;$1fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )5th/gm, &quot;$1fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )6th/gm, &quot;$1sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )7th/gm, &quot;$1seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )8th/gm, &quot;$1eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )9th/gm, &quot;$1ninth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )10th/gm, &quot;$1tenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )11th/gm, &quot;$1eleventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )12th/gm, &quot;$1twelfth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )13th/gm, &quot;$1thirteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )14th/gm, &quot;$1fourteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )15th/gm, &quot;$1fifteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )16th/gm, &quot;$1sixteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )17th/gm, &quot;$1seventeenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )18th/gm, &quot;$1eighteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )19th/gm, &quot;$1nineteenth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )20th/gm, &quot;$1twentieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )30th/gm, &quot;$1thirtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )40th/gm, &quot;$1fortieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )50th/gm, &quot;$1fiftieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )60th/gm, &quot;$1sixtieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )70th/gm, &quot;$1seventieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )80th/gm, &quot;$1eightieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )90th/gm, &quot;$1ninetieth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/(mid-|early-|late-| )2(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot;$1twenty-$2$3&quot;); 
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 3(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; thirty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 4(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; forty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 5(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; fifty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 6(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; sixty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 7(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; seventy-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 8(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; eighty-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/ 9(\d)(st|nd|rd|th)/gm, &quot; ninety-$1$2&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-1st/gm, &quot;-first&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-2nd/gm, &quot;-second&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-3rd/gm, &quot;-third&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-4th/gm, &quot;-fourth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-5th/gm, &quot;-fifth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-6th/gm, &quot;-sixth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-7th/gm, &quot;-seventh&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-8th/gm, &quot;-eighth&quot;);
  txt.value = txt.value.replace(/-9th/gm, &quot;-ninth&quot;);
  document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value += &quot;Ordinals. &quot;;
}
 
function afdresult(){
    var res = prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;);
    if(!res) return;
    document.editform.wpSummary.value = 'VFD result - ' + res.replace(/'/g, '');
    var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;
    if(txt.value.length &gt; 0) txt.value += '\n';
    txt.value += '==VFD==\nOn [[DAY MONTH]] [[2005]], this article was nominated for deletion. The result was ' + res + '. See [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/{{subst:PAGENAME}}]] for a record of the discussion. &amp;ndash; ~~~~';
    txt.focus();
}

function hideafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;none&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = 'none';
}

function showafd(){
    var divs = document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;div&quot;);
    for(var x = 0; x &lt; divs.length; ++x)
        if(divs[x].className.indexOf(&quot;afd&quot;) != -1)
            divs[x].style.display = &quot;&quot;;
    document.getElementById('footer').style.display = '';
}

function afdlinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:hideafd()', 'hide closed', 'ca-hide');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:showafd()', 'show closed', 'ca-show');
}

function addPurge(){
	if (!(mw.config.get('wgCanonicalNamespace') == 'Special'))
		mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', mw.config.get('wgServer') + '/w/index.php?title=' + encodeURIComponent(mw.config.get('wgPageName')) + '&amp;action=purge', 'Purge', 'ca-purge', 'Purge server cache for this page.', '0');
}

importScript('Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Scripts/Add edit section 0');

function changeLinks(){
    if(!document.getElementById) return;
    document.getElementById('pt-mytalk').firstChild.innerHTML = 'talk';
    document.getElementById('pt-watchlist').firstChild.innerHTML = 'watchlist';
    document.getElementById('pt-mycontris').firstChild.innerHTML = 'contributions';
}

function addPreSaveTransform(){
    // diff.click takes us to submit for some reason (the diff button doesn't)
    if (!/&amp;action=(edit|submit)/.test(window.location.href)) return;
    if (!document.forms.editform) return;
    document.forms.editform.wpSave.onclick = preSaveTransform;
}

function preSaveTransform(){
    console.log('Called PST');
    simplify_piped_links()
    updateSummary()
}

function simplify_piped_links() {
    // Get the edit box element (wpTextbox1 is the ID for the main edit area on Wikipedia)
    var editBox = document.getElementById('wpTextbox1');

    // Get the current text from the edit box
    var text = editBox.value;

    // Simplify piped links
    var simplifiedText = text.replace(/\[\[([^\|\]]+)\|([^\]]+)\]\]/g, function(match, target, display) {
        // Only replace if the display text is the same as the target text,
        // considering that the first letter is case-insensitive
        if (target.charAt(0).toLowerCase() === display.charAt(0).toLowerCase() &amp;&amp;
            target.slice(1) === display.slice(1)) {
            return '[[' + display + ']]';
        }
        // Otherwise, keep the original piped link
        return match;
    });

    // Update the edit box with the simplified text
    editBox.value = simplifiedText;
}


function isTalk(){
    if (mw.config.get('wgNamespaceNumber') % 2 != 0) {
        return true
    }
    return false  
}

function isNewSection(){
    if (/&amp;section=new/.test(window.location.href)){
        return true
    }
    return false  
}
    
function updateSummary(){
    var summary = document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value;
    if (isTalk()) {
        if (!isNewSection()){
            summary = update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary)
        }
    }
    summary = ascii_to_unicode(summary);
    summary = expand_abbr(summary);
    document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value = summary;
    return true;
}

function ascii_to_unicode(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/-&gt;/g, &quot;→&quot;)
    .replace(/&lt;-/g, '←')
    .replace(/&lt;-&gt;/g, '↔')
    .replace(/\^/g, '↑')
    .replace(/\v/g, '↓');
    return text	
}

function expand_abbr(text){
    text = text
    .replace(/\bc\b/g,   'Copyedit. ')
    .replace(/\bty\b/g,   'Typo. ') // not t which picks up don't etc.
    .replace(/\bsp\b/g,  'Spelling.') // not s which picks up possessives
    .replace(/\bpn\b/g,  'is not a proper noun. ')
    .replace(/\bg\b/g,   'Grammar. ')
    .replace(/\btau\b/g, 'Tautology. ')
    .replace(/\bfp\b/g,  'Avoid future in the past tense. ')
    .replace(/\b1p\b/g,  'Avoid first person. ') // evaluate if this is useful
    .replace(/\b2p\b/g,  'Avoid second person. ')
    .replace(/  /g, ' ');
    return text	
}

function update_summary_section_header_on_talk_pages(summary){
    // If we've created a new second level section on a section edit, change the edit summary to reflect this.
    // Also update edit summary if section header changed.
    // Check if it's a section edit.  
    var old_header = summary.match(/(\/\* (.*) \*\/)/);
    if (!old_header) {return summary} // No header in the summary so this wasn't a section edit. 
    // Since we haven't stashed the page, we assume that the last level 2 section is the new one. 
    // Let's load all the level 2 headers from the edit window
    var temp = document.editform.wpTextbox1.value;
    var headerRegex = /^==\s*([^=].*?)\s*==/gm; // Must only match level 2 for now.
    var headers = [...temp.matchAll(headerRegex)];
    if (headers.length == 0) {return summary} // No headers, nothing to do
    if (headers.length == 1 &amp;&amp; old_header == 'top') {return summary} // Lets leave it in this case.
    // Grab the last header and use that.
    var edited_or_new_section_header = headers[headers.length - 1][1];
    summary_text = summary.match(/\/\* .* \*\/(.*)/)[1].trim();
    var new_header_part = &quot;/* &quot; + edited_or_new_section_header + &quot; */&quot;;
    summary = new_header_part + summary_text;
    return summary     
}

function afddelete(){
    var form = document.forms.deleteconfirm;
    form.wpReason.value = '[[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/' + unescape(window.location.href.replace(/^.*\?title=([^&amp;]+)&amp;action=delete.*$/, '$1').replace(/_/g, ' ')) + ']]';
    form.wpConfirm.checked = true;
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==morelinks==
Basically afd results, shortcuts and non-mainspace pst
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function morelinks(){
/*
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Move &quot;) == 0 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot; - &quot;) != -1){
         var txt = document.editform.wpTextbox1;

         document.forms.editform.submit();
    }
 */
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;keep&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'keep', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;merge and redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Merge and redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'merge', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;redirect&quot;, &quot; to [[&quot; + prompt(&quot;Redirect to?&quot;) + &quot;]]&quot;)', 'redir', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to &quot; + prompt(&quot;Transwiki to?&quot;))', 'trans', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;transwiki&quot;, &quot; to Wiktionary&quot;)', 'wikt', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;speedy delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'speedy', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(&quot;delete&quot;, &quot;&quot;)', 'del', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:closeafd(prompt(&quot;Result?&quot;), &quot;&quot;)', 'other', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'replace', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:spelling()', 's', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:scots_months()', 'Mey', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replink()', '[', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:normcase()', '.', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:replace()', 'r', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:ordinals()', 'ﬆ', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:cardinals()', '1', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dewikifydates()', '–', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:deisodates()', '-', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:bold()', 'b', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:decomma()', ',', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:census()', '2', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:dates()', 'd', 't');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:month_de_abbreviate()', '⇄', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:statenames()', '+', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdates()', '/', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:slashdatesm()', 'm/', '');
//        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:math()', 'm', '');
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:use_British_English()', 'B', ''); // Formerly british() - uk dab
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:capitals()', 'C', '');
 
        if ( document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Talk:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Template talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category:&quot;)      == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Category talk:&quot;) == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing File talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing User:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Mediawiki talk:&quot;)== 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Wikipedia:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Help talk:&quot;)     == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary:&quot;)       == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal:&quot;)        == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book:&quot;)          == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Thread talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Summary talk:&quot;)  == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Portal talk:&quot;)   == 0
          || document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing Book talk:&quot;)     == 0
        ){
            quick()
        }
        else  { 
            if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
                if (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value == msg &amp;&amp; insist==1) {document.forms.editform.submit();}
                else if  (document.forms.editform.wpSummary.value != msg)  {always();}
            }
         };
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afdresult()', 'afd rst', '');
    }else if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0){
        mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-cactions', 'javascript:afddelete()', 'afd', '');
    }
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;/&quot;) == -1){
/*        usermessage plainlinks */        
    }
}

function addToolBoxLinks(){
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Newpages', 'New pages', '');
    mw.util.addPortletLink( 'p-tb', '/wiki/Special:Shortpages', 'Short pages', '');
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==myLoadFuncs==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
function myLoadFuncs(){
    addPurge();
    changeLinks();
    addPreSaveTransform();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Wikipedia:Articles for deletion&quot;) != -1 &amp;&amp; document.title.indexOf(&quot;Editing &quot;) != 0) afdlinks();
    morelinks();
    addToolBoxLinks();
    if(document.title.indexOf(&quot;Confirm delete - Delete&quot;) == 0)
      addVfdLink();
}
/*
&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;
==main==
&lt;pre&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;
*/
$.when($.ready,mw.loader.using('mediawiki.util')).then(myLoadFuncs)

/* &lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;/pre&gt;*/</text>
      <sha1>2m60vomz3f2c6rcxmt2s70392ec0ngl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>