Wikipedia scowiki https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.6 first-letter Media Special Collogue Uiser Uiser collogue Wikipedia Wikipedia collogue File File collogue MediaWiki MediaWiki collogue Template Template collogue Help Help collogue Category Category collogue Portal Portal talk Define Define talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Shona Robison 0 2964 901318 879893 2024-12-18T06:04:45Z Ooligan 110376 Better photo/ foto/ image 901318 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Shona Robison 2024 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Shona Robison, 2021]] '''Shona Robison''', (born [[26 Mey]] [[1966]] in [[Redcar]], [[North Yorkshire]], [[Ingland]]), is a [[Scotland|Scots]] politeecian, an a [[Memmer o the Scots Pairlament]], representin the [[Scots Naitional Pairty]] (SNP); she is the Meenister for [[Heal]] in the current govrenment. She haes representit the consteetuency o Dundee East syne [[2003]], an afore that wis a reegional leet member o the pairlament. Syne the May 2021 election, Robison is Cabinet Secretar for Social Juistice, Housing an Local Govrenment.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cabinet Secretary for Social Justice, Housing and Local Government - gov.scot|url=https://www.gov.scot/about/who-runs-government/cabinet-and-ministers/cabinet-secretary-for-social-justice-housing-and-local-government/|url-status=dead|access-date=2022-01-17|website=www.gov.scot|language=en|archive-date=2022-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117130954/https://www.gov.scot/about/who-runs-government/cabinet-and-ministers/cabinet-secretary-for-social-justice-housing-and-local-government/}}</ref> ==Fremmit airtins== * [http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/msp/membersPages/shona_robison/index.htm Biographie at Scots Pairlament offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051108172314/http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/msp/membersPages/shona_robison/index.htm |date=2005-11-08 }} - ''in Inglis'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Robison, Shona}} [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament for Dundee constituencies]] [[Category:Fowk frae Redcar]] [[Category:Female members o the Scots Pairlament]] [[Category:1966 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Scots National Pairty MSPs]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 1999–2003]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2003–07]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2007–11]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2011–16]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2016–]] [[Category:Heal meenisters]] [[Category:Sports meenisters]] [[Category:Weemen members o the Scots Govrenment]] [[Category:20t-century weemen politeecians]] [[Category:21st-century weemen politeecians]] sh6rbx3cdb5bylxhfbk7oki3nc64v1l 901319 901318 2024-12-18T06:05:02Z Ooligan 110376 2024 901319 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Shona Robison 2024 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Shona Robison, 2024]] '''Shona Robison''', (born [[26 Mey]] [[1966]] in [[Redcar]], [[North Yorkshire]], [[Ingland]]), is a [[Scotland|Scots]] politeecian, an a [[Memmer o the Scots Pairlament]], representin the [[Scots Naitional Pairty]] (SNP); she is the Meenister for [[Heal]] in the current govrenment. She haes representit the consteetuency o Dundee East syne [[2003]], an afore that wis a reegional leet member o the pairlament. Syne the May 2021 election, Robison is Cabinet Secretar for Social Juistice, Housing an Local Govrenment.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cabinet Secretary for Social Justice, Housing and Local Government - gov.scot|url=https://www.gov.scot/about/who-runs-government/cabinet-and-ministers/cabinet-secretary-for-social-justice-housing-and-local-government/|url-status=dead|access-date=2022-01-17|website=www.gov.scot|language=en|archive-date=2022-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117130954/https://www.gov.scot/about/who-runs-government/cabinet-and-ministers/cabinet-secretary-for-social-justice-housing-and-local-government/}}</ref> ==Fremmit airtins== * [http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/msp/membersPages/shona_robison/index.htm Biographie at Scots Pairlament offeecial wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051108172314/http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/msp/membersPages/shona_robison/index.htm |date=2005-11-08 }} - ''in Inglis'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Robison, Shona}} [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament for Dundee constituencies]] [[Category:Fowk frae Redcar]] [[Category:Female members o the Scots Pairlament]] [[Category:1966 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Scots National Pairty MSPs]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 1999–2003]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2003–07]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2007–11]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2011–16]] [[Category:Members o the Scots Pairlament 2016–]] [[Category:Heal meenisters]] [[Category:Sports meenisters]] [[Category:Weemen members o the Scots Govrenment]] [[Category:20t-century weemen politeecians]] [[Category:21st-century weemen politeecians]] q2i7iyv3dddvl7wr2g3bykthu3jexfe Loch Michigan 0 11431 901283 890429 2024-12-17T13:14:44Z Cobra 3000 28371 Pit in templates 901283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Unsoorced}}[[File:US2 Along Lake Michigan.jpg|thumb|right|US Highway 2 alang Loch Michigan]] '''Loch Michigan''' is ane o the five [[Great Lochs]] o [[North Americae]], an the anly ane locatit entirely within the [[Unitit States]]. Geologically, it is a lairge bay o Loch Michigan-Huron (i.e., amang ither things, thay share an elevation level) . Bi itself, it is the seicond lairgest o the Great Lakes bi volume an the third lairgest bi surface aurie, behind Loch Superior an Loch Huron (an is slichtly smawer than the American state o Wast Virginia). It is boondit, frae wast tae east, bi the American states o [[Wisconsin]], [[Illinois]], [[Indiana]], an [[Michigan]]. The wird "Michigan" oreeginally referred tae the [[loch]] itself, an is believed tae come frae the Ojibwa wird ''mishigami'' meanin "great water". {{Commonscat}}{{Stub/Loch}} [[Category:Loch Michigan| ]] [[Category:Lochs o Illinois|Michigan]] [[Category:Lochs o Indiana|Michigan]] [[Category:Lochs o Michigan|Michigan]] [[Category:Wast Michigan]] [[Category:Northren Michigan]] [[Category:Lochs o Wisconsin|Michigan]] [[Category:Borders o Wisconsin]] [[Category:Borders o Michigan]] [[Category:Borders o Indiana]] [[Category:Borders o Illinois]] [[Category:Great Lochs| Michigan]] gm4vequ2vkbahcjucym6k9q7ldn2ydq Anabantha 0 11505 901288 892943 2024-12-17T19:24:12Z 81.106.72.161 /* History */ 901288 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anabantha''' is a Gothic metal baund frae Mexico City, Mexico, foondit in 1997. In 2005, thay recorded thair album "Without Saying Goodbye". In 2006, thay signed wi the Mexican Label Discos y Cintas Denver. == History == The band began in 1997 with Duan Marie oan vocals an Vlad Landeros on keyboards, performin unner the name '''Sentido Pésame'''. In 1998, the band changed its name tae '''Transdellic''' (Trans = ayont; Dellos = visible), an addit Jimmy Gallozo on drums. In 2000, the band settled with the name '''Anabantha'''. Efter recordin several demos, the baund hired Vlad Landeros as thair new drummer, an recordit ''Letanías Chapter I''. In 2002, the band line-up wis Duan an Vlad, wha released ''Without Saying Goodbye''. In 2003 they recorded the demo ''Letanías Chapter II''. In 2004 they recorded their demo disc ''Acoustic'', which included tributes tae the poets [[Pablo Neruda]] an [[Lovecraft]]. In 2005, the band recorded "Without Saying Goodbye" (IDM Records), furst as a promotional disc wi 9 tracks an later as a dooble disc (Spanish and English). The album includes a cover o the 1970s band [[Shocking Blue]]'s sang ''[[Never Marry a Railroad Man]].'' In 2006, the band signed wi Mexican label [[Discos y Cintas Denver]]. Thay then recordit "Letanías Chapter I", which includes twa unreleased tracks, an thay re-edited ''Letanías Forbidden Chapter'' wi twa bonus live tracks. In 2007, baund did a tour celebratin thair tent anniversary, which involved travel tae [[Latin American]] ceeties in Mexico, [[Bolivie|Bolivia]], [[Peru]], [[Ecuador]], [[Colombie]] an [[Venezuela]]. The baund alsae released ''Letanías Chapter III'', a CD o ''Cry Freedom'', which includes muisic frae "Phantom o the Opera". ==Members== *Duane Marie *- Vocals *Tristan - Bass *Emir Burcio - Guitar *Vlad Landeros - Drums ===Umwhile/past member(s)=== ;Guitar *Fernando *Jesús Faz *Siegfried *Leon Isaian Marcabru (Psicofonia, guest for Preludio) *Carlos Montes ;Bass *Javier Ruido (Psicofonia) *Martin Tristan ;Keyboards *Eddy Cortez *Oskar '''Drums''' * Vlad Landeros - an aa Vocals == Discography == *''Letanías Capítulo I'' (2001) *''Letanías Capítulo II... La Pesadilla'' (2003) *''Acústico'' (demo, 2004) *''Letanias Capítulo Prohibido'' (2005) *''Letanías Capítulo III'' (2006) *''Llanto de Libertad'' (2006) *''Sin Decir Adiós'' (2006) *''Viernes 13... Y El Zócalo Se Pobló De Sombras'' (live album, 2007) *''Hermanos de Sangre... La Iniciación'' (2009) *''El pozo de los Deseos'' (2009) *''Hermanos De Sangre... El Ritual'' (2011) *''XV Aniversario'' (2012) *''Letanías Capítulo IV'' (2013) *''Desideratha'' (2013) == Fremmit airtins == * [http://www.anabantha.com.ar/ Official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625191716/http://www.anabantha.com.ar/ |date=2013-06-25 }} [[Category:Mexican hivy metal muisical groups]] [[Category:Gothic metal muisical groups]] [[Category:Muisical groups established in 1997]] [[Category:1990s muisic groups]] [[Category:2000s muisic groups]] 961id0hki15rtibkwdi1xgf6zu5mp7e 901289 901288 2024-12-17T19:46:05Z CiphriusKane 74958 Undae revision [[Special:Diff/901288|901288]] bi [[Special:Contributions/81.106.72.161|81.106.72.161]] ([[User talk:81.106.72.161|Tauk]])Na the Inglis wiki 901289 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anabantha''' is a Gothic metal baund frae Mexico City, Mexico, foondit in 1997. In 2005, thay recorded thair album "Without Saying Goodbye". In 2006, thay signed wi the Mexican Label Discos y Cintas Denver. == History == The band began in 1997 wi Duan Marie oan vocals an Vlad Landeros on keybuirds, performin unner the name '''Sentido Pésame'''. In 1998, the band changed its name tae '''Transdellic''' (Trans = ayont; Dellos = visible), an addit Jimmy Gallozo on drums. In 2000, the band settled with the name '''Anabantha'''. Efter recordin several demos, the baund hired Vlad Landeros as thair new drummer, an recordit ''Letanías Chapter I''. In 2002, the band line-up wis Duan an Vlad, wha released ''Without Saying Goodbye''. In 2003 they recorded the demo ''Letanías Chapter II''. In 2004 they recorded their demo disc ''Acoustic'', which included tributes tae the poets [[Pablo Neruda]] an [[Lovecraft]]. In 2005, the band recorded "Without Saying Goodbye" (IDM Records), furst as a promotional disc wi 9 tracks an later as a dooble disc (Spanish and English). The album includes a cover o the 1970s band [[Shocking Blue]]'s sang ''[[Never Marry a Railroad Man]].'' In 2006, the band signed wi Mexican label [[Discos y Cintas Denver]]. Thay then recordit "Letanías Chapter I", which includes twa unreleased tracks, an thay re-edited ''Letanías Forbidden Chapter'' wi twa bonus live tracks. In 2007, baund did a tour celebratin thair tent anniversary, which involved travel tae [[Latin American]] ceeties in Mexico, [[Bolivie|Bolivia]], [[Peru]], [[Ecuador]], [[Colombie]] an [[Venezuela]]. The baund alsae released ''Letanías Chapter III'', a CD o ''Cry Freedom'', which includes muisic frae "Phantom o the Opera". ==Members== *Duane Marie *- Vocals *Tristan - Bass *Emir Burcio - Guitar *Vlad Landeros - Drums ===Umwhile/past member(s)=== ;Guitar *Fernando *Jesús Faz *Siegfried *Leon Isaian Marcabru (Psicofonia, guest for Preludio) *Carlos Montes ;Bass *Javier Ruido (Psicofonia) *Martin Tristan ;Keyboards *Eddy Cortez *Oskar '''Drums''' * Vlad Landeros - an aa Vocals == Discography == *''Letanías Capítulo I'' (2001) *''Letanías Capítulo II... La Pesadilla'' (2003) *''Acústico'' (demo, 2004) *''Letanias Capítulo Prohibido'' (2005) *''Letanías Capítulo III'' (2006) *''Llanto de Libertad'' (2006) *''Sin Decir Adiós'' (2006) *''Viernes 13... Y El Zócalo Se Pobló De Sombras'' (live album, 2007) *''Hermanos de Sangre... La Iniciación'' (2009) *''El pozo de los Deseos'' (2009) *''Hermanos De Sangre... El Ritual'' (2011) *''XV Aniversario'' (2012) *''Letanías Capítulo IV'' (2013) *''Desideratha'' (2013) == Fremmit airtins == * [http://www.anabantha.com.ar/ Official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625191716/http://www.anabantha.com.ar/ |date=2013-06-25 }} [[Category:Mexican hivy metal muisical groups]] [[Category:Gothic metal muisical groups]] [[Category:Muisical groups established in 1997]] [[Category:1990s muisic groups]] [[Category:2000s muisic groups]] nakws0cuh5a2wz5rpgxqijruz8ixzf1 Yamaha Corporation 0 11656 901291 600054 2024-12-17T21:00:09Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 901291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox company | name = Yamaha Corporation | native_name = ヤマハ株式会社 | native_name_lang = ja | romanized_name = Yamaha Kabushiki-gaisha | logo = [[File:YamahaCorp.svg|200px|Yamaha Logo]] | image = YAMAHA (headquarters 1).jpg | image_caption = The heidquarters o Yamaha Corporation | type = [[Public company|Public]] ([[Kabushiki kaisha|K.K.]]) | traded_as = {{TYO|7951}}<br>{{OTCQX|YAMCY}} | foundation = {{Start date and age|1887|10|12}} | area_served = Warldwide | location_city = [[Hamamatsu]], [[Shizuoka Prefectur|Shizuoka]] | location_country = [[Japan]] | key_people = [[Torakusu Yamaha]], founder<br>Takuya Nakata,<ref name=yamaha20130430>{{cite web | title = Notification of Change in Representative Director | url = http://www.yamaha.com/news_release/2013/pdf/20130430a.pdf | publisher = Yamaha Corporation | accessdate = 2013-07-15 }}</ref> [[Preses]] & Representative Director | industry = [[Conglomerate (company)|Conglomerate]] | products = [[Musical Instruments]], [[Audio equipment]], [[Electronics]], * {{nowrap|Yamaha&thinsp;Motor&thinsp;Company:}}&thinsp;[[Motorcycles]], [[Aw-terrain vehicle]], [[Wheelchairs]], [[Personal Watercraft]], [[Ootbuird motor|Marine Ingines]], Pairts includin cleidin an helmets <ref name=fd2014>{{cite web |ref={{sfnref|Annual Report|2014}} |title=Annual Report 2014<!-- (Year ended March 31, 2014) --> |url=http://www.yamaha.com/about_yamaha/ir/publications/pdf-data/2014/ann/an-2014e.pdf |publisher=Yamaha Corporation |access-date=2017-07-09 |archive-date=2015-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150824050717/http://www.yamaha.com/about_yamaha/ir/publications/pdf-data/2014/ann/an-2014e.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{vn|date=February 2016}} | revenue = {{profit}} [[JPY]] 410.3 billion (2014)<ref name=fd2014p10>{{harvnb|Annual Report|2014|p=10|loc=[http://www.yamaha.com/about_yamaha/ir/publications/pdf-data/2014/ann/an-2014e.pdf#page=12 Key Figures]}}</ref> | operating_income = {{increase}} [[JPY]] 25,994 million (2014){{vn|date=February 2016}}<ref name=fd2014p10/> | net_income = {{increase}} [[JPY]] 22,898 million (2014){{vn|date=February 2016}}<ref name=fd2014p10/> | num_employees = 20,348 (2016) | subsid = [[Yamaha Motor Company]] | homepage = [http://www.yamaha.com yamaha.com] }} The '''Yamaha Corporation''' (ヤマハ株式会社, Yamaha Kabushiki Gaisha?) (TYO: 7951) is a [[multinaitional corporation]] an [[conglomerate]] based in Japan wi a wide range o products an services, predominantly muisical instruments, motorcycles, pouer sports equipment, an electronics. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat}} [[Category:Yamaha Corporation| ]] [[Category:2929 Entertainment holdings]] [[Category:Audio equipment manufacturers]] [[Category:Compact Disc player manufacturers]] [[Category:Companies based in Shizuoka Prefectur]] [[Category:Electronic organ manufacturin companies]] [[Category:Electronics companies o Japan]] [[Category:Guitar effects manufacturin companies]] [[Category:Guitar manufacturin companies]] [[Category:Loudspeaker manufacturers]] [[Category:Manufacturin companies o Japan]] [[Category:Muisical instrument manufacturin companies]] [[Category:Percussion instrument manufacturin companies]] [[Category:Phonograph manufacturers]] [[Category:Piano manufacturin companies]] [[Category:Soond amplifier manufacturers]] [[Category:Synthesizer manufacturin companies]] [[Category:Brass instrument manufacturin companies]] [[Category:Clarinet manufacturin companies]] fjw3kayriz5i6amd71i22gyx0eqlfnl Lamadrid Municipality 0 34040 901290 827850 2024-12-17T20:05:20Z Cobra 3000 28371 Pit in stub tag 901290 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |name = Lamadrid |settlement_type =[[Municipalities o Mexico|Municipality]] |other_name = |native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline = |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = Lamadrid en Coahuila.svg |mapsize = 300px |map_caption = Municipality o Lamadrid in Coahuila |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Mexico <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position =above |pushpin_mapsize =300 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Mexico <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Kintra |subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Poleetical diveesions o Mexico|State]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Coahuila]] |subdivision_type2 = Municipal seat |subdivision_name2 = [[Lamadrid]] |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 506.8 <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of =2005 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 1,708 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title = |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|27|2|59|N|101|47|41|W|region:MX|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Lamadrid''' is a ane o the 38 [[municipalities o Coahuila]], in northeastren [[Mexico]]. The municipal seat lees at [[Lamadrid]]. The municipality covers an aurie o 506.8&nbsp;km². As o 2005, the municipality haed a tot population o 1,708.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lamadrid|url=http://www.elocal.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/coahuila/mpios/05016a.htm|work=Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México|publisher=[[Instituto Nacional para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal]]|accessdate=November 8, 2008}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}}{{Stub/Mexico}}{{Coahuila}} [[Category:Municipalities o Coahuila]] mi33wzyhlw5pp9x0ykkqqko1en9gxc5 Rafael Nadal 0 36584 901284 900898 2024-12-17T14:14:43Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 901284 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots}} {{Infobox tennis biography <!-- PLEASE DON'T FORGET TO PLACE THE RELATED DATE IN THE "UPDATED" PARAMETER BELOW AFTER EACH UPDATE, THANKS --> |name = Rafael Nadal |fullname = Rafael Nadal Parera |image= Nadal Japan Open 2011.jpg |caption = Rafael Nadal in 2011 |country = {{flagicon|Spain}} Spain |nickname = ''Rafa''<br />''The King of Clay''<br />''The Matador''<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/sport/tennis/australian-open/the-man-from-majorca-breathes-the-sweet-scent-of-victory/2009/02/02/1233423135781.html |title=The man from Majorca breathes scent of victory | last=Niall | first=Jake | work=The Age | date=3 February 2009 | accessdate=5 April 2010 | location=Melbourne}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/tennis/wimbledon/2304002/Wimbledon-Rafael-Nadal-happy-with-his-game---and-his-shorts---as-he-moves-through-gears.html | title=Wimbledon: Rafael Nadal happy with his game – and his shorts – as he moves through gears | last=Scott | first=Brough | work=The Daily Telegraph | date=24 June 2008 | accessdate=5 April 2010 | location=London | archive-date=2012-09-14 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120914045140/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/tennis/wimbledon/2304002/Wimbledon-Rafael-Nadal-happy-with-his-game---and-his-shorts---as-he-moves-through-gears.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> |residence = [[Manacor]], [[Majorca]], [[Balearic Islands]], Spain |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1986|6|3}} |birth_place = Manacor, Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain |height = 1.85 m (6&nbsp;ft 1&nbsp;in) |weight = {{convert|85|kg|lb st|abbr=on}} |turnedpro = 2001 |plays = Carrie-haunit (twa-haunit backhaun) |careerprizemoney = US$124,961,595<ref name="career-prize-money-leaders">{{cite web |title=ATP Prize Money Leaders|url=http://www.protennislive.com/posting/ramr/career_prize.pdf}}</ref> *<small>&nbsp;[[ATP Warld Tour records#Prize money leaders|3rd&nbsp;aw-time&nbsp;leader&nbsp;in&nbsp;earnins]]</small> |singlesrecord = {{#property:P564}} |singlestitles = 83 <small>([[Open Era tennis records – men's singles#Aw tournaments|4t in the Open Era]])</small> |currentsinglesranking = No. 6 (8 November 2021)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.atpworldtour.com/es/players/eswiki/N409/overview|title=Rafael Nadal - Overview - ATP World Tour - Tennis|work=ATP World Tour}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |highestsinglesranking = No. '''1''' (18 August 2008) |AustralianOpenresult = '''W''' ([[2009 Australian Open – Men's Singles|2009]]) |FrenchOpenresult = '''W''' ([[2005 French Open – Men's Singles|2005]], [[2006 French Open – Men's Singles|2006]], [[2007 French Open – Men's Singles|2007]], [[2008 French Open – Men's Singles|2008]], [[2010 French Open – Men's Singles|2010]], [[2011 French Open – Men's Singles|2011]], [[2012 French Open – Men's Singles|2012]], [[2014 French Open – Men's Singles|2014]], [[French Open- Men's Singles (2017)|2017]], [[French Open- Men's Singles (2018)|2018]], [[2019 French Open – Men's Singles|2019]], [[2020 French Open – Men's Singles|2020]]) |Wimbledonresult = '''W''' ([[2008 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles|2008]], [[2010 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles|2010]]) |USOpenresult = '''W''' ([[2010 US Open – Men's Singles|2010]], [[2013 US Open – Men's Singles|2013]], [[2017 US Open – Men's Singles|2017]], [[2019 US Open – Men's Singles|2019]]) |Othertournaments = Aye |MastersCupresult = F ([[2010 ATP World Tour Finals – Singles|2010]], [[2013 ATP World Tour Finals – Singles|2013]]) |Olympicsresult = [[File:Gold medal.svg|20px]] '''Gold medal''' ([[Tennis at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's singles|2008]]) |doublesrecord = {{#property:P555}} |doublestitles = 11 |currentdoublesranking = |highestdoublesranking = No. 26 (8 August 2005) |grandslamsdoublesresults = Aye |AustralianOpenDoublesresult = 3R ([[2004 Australian Open – Men's Doubles|2004]], [[2005 Australian Open – Men's Doubles|2005]]) |WimbledonDoublesresult = 2R ([[2005 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles|2005]]) |USOpenDoublesresult = SF ([[2004 US Open – Men's Doubles|2004]]) |OthertournamentsDoubles = Aye |OlympicsDoublesresult = [[File:Gold medal.svg|20px]] '''Gold medal''' ([[Tennis at the 2016 Simmer Olympics – Men's Doubles|2016]]) |Team=yes |DavisCupresult = '''W''' (2004, 2008, 2009, 2011) | medaltemplates-expand = yes | medaltemplates = {{MedalCountry | {{ESP}} }} {{MedalSport|Men's [[Tennis at the Simmer Olympics|Tennis]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2008 Simmer Olympics|2008 Beijing]]|[[Tennis at the 2008 Simmer Olympics - Men's singles|Singles]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2016 Simmer Olympics|2016 Rio de Janeiro]]|[[Tennis at the 2016 Simmer Olympics – Men's doobles|Doobles]]}} |updated = {{date|2021-12-19}} }} '''Rafael''' "'''Rafa'''" '''Nadal Parera''' ({{IPA-ca|rəfəˈɛɫ nəˈðaɫ pəˈɾeɾə|lang}}, {{IPA-es|rafaˈel naˈðal paˈɾeɾa|lang}}; born 3 Juin 1986) is a Spaingie professional [[tennis]] player currently ranked warld No. 6.<ref>{{cite web|title=Singles Rankings - ATP World Tour|url=https://www.atpworldtour.com/en/rankings/singles|website=Association of Tennis Professionals|publisher=ATP|accessdate=5 August 2018|archive-date=2018-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210234213/https://www.atpworldtour.com/en/rankings/singles|url-status=dead}}</ref> He is widely regardit as the greatest [[clay court]] player in history{{efn|See<ref name="TIME Why Djoikovic's">{{cite news |last=Dodds |first=Eric |title=Why Djokovic’s French Open Loss Is A Win for Men’s Tennis |url=http://keepingscore.blogs.time.com/2013/06/07/why-djokovics-french-open-loss-is-a-win-for-mens-tennis/ |accessdate=11 June 2013 |work=Time |date=7 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="LA Times Rafael Nadal wins record eighth">{{cite news |last=Chu |first=Henry |title=Rafael Nadal wins a record eig"hth French Open tennis title |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2013/jun/09/sports/la-sp-french-open-men-20130610 |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=9 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="The Hindu The king and his court">{{cite news |title=The king and his court |url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/the-king-and-his-court/article4801157.ece |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=11 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="SB Nation French Open results 2013">{{cite news |last=Rothstein |first=Ethan |title=French Open results 2013: Rafael Nadal advances to final with 5-set victory over Novak Djokovic |url=http://www.sbnation.com/tennis/2013/6/7/4405760/french-open-tennis-2013-results-scores-roland-garros-novak-djokovic-rafael-nadal-semifinal |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=SB Nation |date=7 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="NY Times Nadal Embraces History">{{cite news |last=Bishop |first=Greg |title=Nadal Embraces History With a Record Seventh Title on the Clay of Roland Garros |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/12/sports/tennis/nadal-finishes-off-djokovic-for-seventh-french-open-title.html?_r=1&ref=tennis |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=11 June 2012}}</ref>}} an haes been nicknamed "The King of Clay."{{efn|See<ref name="Plain Dealer King of Clay">{{cite news |title='King of Clay' Rafael Nadal outlasts Novak Djokovic in stirring French Open semifinal |url=http://www.cleveland.com/sports/index.ssf/2013/06/king_of_clay_rafael_nadal_outl.html |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=The Plain Dealer |date=7 June 2013 |agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref name="LA Times French Open 2013">{{cite news |last=McMahon |first=James| title=French Open 2013: Breaking Down Why Rafael Nadal is so Dominant on Clay |url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1666425-french-open-2013-breaking-down-why-rafael-nadal-is-so-dominant-on-clay |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=8 June 2013|agency=Bleacher Report}}</ref><ref name="NBC Sports Nadal Shakes Off">{{cite news |last=Sarkar |first=Pritha |title=Nadal Shakes Off Protessters, Ferrer to Win French Open |url=http://www.nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/52148421 |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=NBC Sports |date=9 June 2013 |agency=Reuters |archive-date=2013-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612103854/http://www.nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/52148421 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="USA Today Nadal takes down Djokovic">{{cite news |last=Robson |first=Douglas |title=Nadal takes down Djokovic, reaches French Open final |url=http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2013/06/07/rafael-nadal-novak-djokovic-french-open-mens-semifinals/2400029/|accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=USA Today |date=7 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="Boston Herald Rafael Nadal overcomes">{{cite news |title=Rafael Nadal overcomes doubts to win 8th French title |url=http://bostonherald.com/sports/other/tennis/2013/06/rafael_nadal_overcomes_doubts_to_win_8th_french_title |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=Boston Herald |date=10 June 2013 |agency=Associated Press |archive-date=2013-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108192340/http://bostonherald.com/sports/other/tennis/2013/06/rafael_nadal_overcomes_doubts_to_win_8th_french_title |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Fox Sports Nadal roars back">{{cite news |last=Evans |first=Richard |title=Nadal roars back to King of Clay throne |url=http://msn.foxsports.com/tennis/story/rafael-nadal-retakes-king-of-clay-title-with-french-open-win-060610 |accessdate=11 June 2013 |work=Fox Sports |date=6 June 2010 |archive-date=2010-07-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704182501/http://msn.foxsports.com/tennis/story/rafael-nadal-retakes-king-of-clay-title-with-french-open-win-060610 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} His evolution intae an aw-court threat haes established him as ane o the greatest players in tennis,{{efn|See<ref name="Atlantic Greatest Mens' Tennis Player">{{cite news |last=St. John |first=Allen |title=The Greatest Men's Tennis Player of All Time Is at the French Open |url=http://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2012/06/the-greatest-mens-tennis-player-of-all-time-is-at-the-french-open/258262/|accessdate=11 June 2013|newspaper=The Atlantic|date=7 June 2012}}</ref><ref name="LA Times Where Rafael Nadal Fits">{{cite news |last=Eckstein |first=Jeremy |title=Where Rafael Nadal Fits in the Greatest of All Time Debate |url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1666069-whose-legacy-is-greatest-rafael-nadal-roger-federer-or-pete-sampras |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=9 June 2013 |agency=Bleacher Report}}</ref><ref name="HuffPost Could Rafa Nadal Be the Greatest">{{cite news |last=Goldring |first=Fred |title=Could Rafa Nadal Be the Greatest Tennis Player of All Time? |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/fred-goldring/nadal-french-_b_871946.html |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=Huffington Post |date=6 June 2011}}</ref><ref name="WP Who's the best">{{cite news |last=Bowen |first=Fred |title=Who's the best tennis player of all time? |url=http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2011-08-31/lifestyle/35270499_1_tennis-player-bjorn-borg-roy-emerson |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=31 August 2011 |archive-date=2013-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613014812/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2011-08-31/lifestyle/35270499_1_tennis-player-bjorn-borg-roy-emerson |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Business Insider Rafael Nadal is Challenging">{{cite news |last=Gaines |first=Cork |title=Rafael Nadal Is Challenging Roger Federer for the Title Of 'Greatest of All Time'|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/chart-why-rafael-nadal-is-making-case-as-the-greatest-of-all-time-2013-6 |accessdate=11 June 2013 |work=Business Insider |date=10 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="Chattanooga Nadal may now argue">{{cite news |last=Wiedmer |first=Mark |title=Wiedmer: Nadal may now argue for best ever |url=http://timesfreepress.com/news/2013/jun/10/nadal-may-now-argue-for-best-ever/ |accessdate=11 June 2013 |newspaper=Chattanooga Times Free Press |date=10 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="ESPN Becker questions">{{cite news |last=Palmer |first=Kevin |title=Becker questions whether Federer is greatest ever |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/tennis/sport/story/177649.html |accessdate=11 June 2013 |publisher=ESPN |date=4 November 2012 |archive-date=2013-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105222423/http://www.espn.co.uk/tennis/sport/story/177649.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Fox Sports">{{cite news |title=Roger Federer is greatest player of all time says Australian tennis legend Rod Laver |url=http://www.foxsports.com.au/tennis/roger-federer-is-greatest-player-of-all-time-says-australian-tennis-legend-rod-laver/story-e6frf4mu-1226418545853#.UbdoXpwQNxV |accessdate=11 June 2013 |work=Fox Sports |date=6 July 2012}}</ref>}} wi some considering Nadal tae be the greatest player o aw time.<ref name="ftw.usatoday.com">{{cite news |last=Chase |first=Chris |url=http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/01/roger-federer-rafael-nadal-australian-open/|title=Roger Federer just made Rafael Nadal's case for greatest of all time |work=USA Today |date=24 January 2014|accessdate=16 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Heveldt |first1=Guy |last2=Walker |first2=Nick |last3=Smith |first3=Elliott |title=Tennis: Nadal will overtake Federer - Sampras |url=http://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/auckland/news/spten/299691324-tennis--nadal-will-overtake-federer---sampras |work=Newstalk ZB |date=26 January 2014 |accessdate=24 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Andre Agassi picks Rafael Nadal ahead of Roger Federer as tennis's greatest all-time player |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/tennis/rafaelnadal/10816170/Andre-Agassi-picks-Rafael-Nadal-ahead-of-Roger-Federer-as-tenniss-greatest-all-time-player.html |accessdate=8 June 2014 |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=8 May 2014}}</ref> Nadal haes won 15 [[Leet o Grand Slam men's singles champions|Grand Slam singles teetles]], the [[Tennis at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Men's singles|2008 Olympic gowd medal in singles]], a [[Tennis Masters Series records an stateestics#Teetles matrix|record 28 teetles]] [[ATP World Tour Masters 1000]]<ref name="ESPN Cinc">{{cite news |title=Nadal captures Cincinnati crown |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/tennis/sport/story/231081.html |accessdate=19 July 2014 |work=ESPN |date=18 August 2013 |archive-date=2015-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110093810/http://www.espn.co.uk/tennis/sport/story/231081.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Tworld Cinc">{{cite web|url=http://www.tennisworldusa.org/Rafael-Nadal-beats-Isner-to-win-26th-Masters-1000-title-in-Cincinnati-articolo12228.html |title=Rafael Nadal beats Isner to win 26th Masters 1000 title in Cincinnati |publisher=Tennisworldusa.org |date=18 August 2013 |accessdate=31 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="bbc.co.uk">{{cite news |title=Rafael Nadal wins Madrid Masters after Kei Nishikori retires |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/27368033 |work=BBC Sport |date=11 May 2014 |accessdate=24 June 2014}}</ref> an 17 [[ATP World Tour 500]] tournaments. He wis a member o the winnin [[Spain Davis Cup team]] in [[2004 Davis Cup|2004]], [[2008 Davis Cup|2008]], [[2009 Davis Cup|2009]], an [[2011 Davis Cup|2011]]. In 2010, he became the seivent player in history an youngest o fower in the [[Open Era]] tae achieve the [[Leet o Grand Slam men's singles champions#Winners of the Career Grand Slam|Career Grand Slam]]. He is the seicont male player, efter [[Andre Agassi]], tae complete the singles [[Grand Slam (tennis)#Career Golden Slam|Career Golden Slam]]. In 2011, Nadal wis named the [[Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year|Laureus World Sportsman of the Year]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.laureus.com/awards/2011|title=Awards 2011|publisher=Laureus World Sports Awards|accessdate=13 August 2014|archive-date=2015-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701234042/http://www.laureus.com/awards/2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nadal an [[Mats Wilander]] is the anly twa male players in history wha haes won at least twa Grand Slam teetles on three different surfaces—haurd coort, grass, an clay.<ref name=surface>{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2010/09/36-US-Open-Week-2/US-Open-Monday-Final-Nadal-Completes-Career-Slam.aspx|title=US Open Final - Nadal Completes Career Grand Slam - Tennis - ATP World Tour|work=ATP World Tour}}</ref> Bi winnin the [[2014 French Open]], Nadal became the anly male player tae win a single Grand Slam tournament nine times an the first tae win at least ane Grand Slam tournament for ten year efter ither, breakin the record o aicht year efter ither that wis skared bi [[Björn Borg]], [[Pete Sampras]], an [[Roger Federer]]. Nadal hauds the record for [[Overall tennis tournaments records and statistics#Most consecutive titles at a particular tournament|maist consecutive teetles at a pairteecular toornament]] efter winnin his echth straucht [[Monte-Carlo Masters]] in 2012. He haes won at least ane Masters 1000 an ane ATP 500 series toornament for 10 year efter ither. ==Early life== Rafael Nadal wis born in [[Manacor]], Balearic Islands, Spain, tae Sebastián Nadal, a businessman who ains an insurance company, a gless an windae company, Vidres Mallorca, an manages his ain restaurant, Sa Punta. His mither is Ana María Parera, a housewife. He haes a younger sister named María Isabel. His uncle, [[Miguel Ángel Nadal]], is a retired professional [[association fitbaw|footballer]], who played for [[RCD Mallorca]], [[FC Barcelona]], an the [[Spain national football team|Spanish national team]].<ref name="times">{{cite news | first=Christopher | last=Clarey | title=Rafael Nadal, Barely 19, He's Got Game, Looks and Remarkably Good Manners | date=6 June 2005 | work=[[The New York Times]] | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/06/sports/tennis/06nadal.html|accessdate=5 April 2010}}</ref> Nadal supports football clubs [[Real Madrid]] an RCD Mallorca.<ref>{{cite news | title=Sportsround meets Rafael Nadal | date=11 November 2006 | url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnews/hi/newsid_6130000/newsid_6135900/6135996.stm |publisher=BBC Sports | accessdate =6 April 2010}}</ref> Recognizing that Nadal haed a naitural talent for tennis, anither uncle, [[Toni Nadal]], a umwhile professional tennis player, introduced him tae tennis whan he wis three year auld.<ref name="Rajaraman">{{cite web|url=http://www.insidetennis.com/archive/0608_french_open_nadal.html|first=Aarthi|last=Rajaraman|title=At Home with Humble yet Ambitious Nadal|date=1 June 2008|work=Inside Tennis|accessdate=5 April 2010|archive-date=2010-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609141023/http://www.insidetennis.com/archive/0608_french_open_nadal.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> At age aicht, Nadal won an unner-12 regional tennis championship at a time whan he wis an aa a promising football player.<ref name="timesonline">{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/article708386.ece|title=The Big Interview: Rafael Nadal|work=The Sunday Times|date=23 April 2006|first=Alison|last=Kervin|accessdate=5 April 2010|location=London|archive-date=2011-09-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907070717/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/article708386.ece|url-status=dead}}</ref> This made Toni Nadal intensify training, an at that time he encouraged Nadal tae play left-handed for a naitural advantage on the tennis court, as he noticed Nadal played [[forehand]] shots wi twa haunds.<ref name="timesonline"/> This mey be due tae the fact he is ambidextrous, playin tennis wi his left haund, an writing wi his right.<ref>{{cite news | title = Rafael Nadal | url = http://www.atpworldtour.com/Tennis/Players/Top-Players/Rafael-Nadal.aspx | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150602193546/http://www.atpworldtour.com/Tennis/Players/Top-Players/Rafael-Nadal.aspx | archivedate = 2015-06-02 | publisher = ATP | accessdate = 22 February 2014 | url-status = bot: unknown }}</ref> When Nadal wis 12, he won the Spanish an European tennis teetles in his age group an wis playin tennis an football aw the time.<ref name="timesonline"/> Nadal's faither made him choose atween football an tennis sae that his schuil wirk wad nae deteriorate entirely. Nadal said: "I chose tennis. Football had to stop straight away."<ref name="timesonline"/> When he wis 14, the Spanish tennis federation requestit that he leave Mallorca an muive tae [[Barcelona]] tae continue his tennis training. Nadal's faimily turned doun this request, partly acause thay feared it wad hurt his eddication,<ref name="timesonline"/> but an aa acause Toni said that "I don't want to believe that you have to go to America, or other places to be a good athlete. You can do it from your home."<ref name="Rajaraman"/> The decision tae stay hame meant that Nadal received less financial support frae the federation; insteid, Nadal's faither covered the costs. In Mey 2001, he defeatit umwhile Grand Slam tournament champion [[Pat Cash]] in a clay-court exhibition match.<ref name="times"/> Nadal turned professional at the age o 15,<ref name="rafarenaissance">{{cite news|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/DEUCE-Tennis/DEUCE-May-2010/Rafael-Nadal.aspx |title=The Rafa Renaissance | work=atpworldtour | first=Joel | last=Drucker | date=18 May 2010}}</ref> an participatit in twa events on the [[International Tennis Federation|ITF]] junior circuit. In 2002, at the age o 16, Nadal reached the semifeenals o the Boy's Singles tournament at Wimbledon, in his first ITF junior event.<ref name="ITFTennis">{{cite web|url=http://www.itftennis.com/juniors/players/player/profile.aspx?playerid=100007935|title=ITF Tennis – Juniors – Player Activity|accessdate=15 June 2012|archive-date=2013-07-19|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6IET2x3WX?url=http://www.itftennis.com/juniors/players/player/profile.aspx?playerid=100007935|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bi the age o 17, he beat [[Roger Federer]] the first time thay played an acame the youngest man tae reach the third roond at Wimbledon syne [[Boris Becker]]. At 18, he helped pace Spain ower the US in the junior [[Davis Cup]] in his seicont, an feenal, appearance on the ITF junior circuit. At 19, Nadal won the French Open the first time he played it, a feat nae accomplished in Paris for mair nor 20 years. He eventually won it the first fower times he played at Roland Garros.<ref name="rafarenaissance"/> In 2003, he haed won the ATP [[ATP World Tour Awards#Newcomer of the Year|Newcomer of the Year]] Award. Early in his career, Nadal acame kent for his habit o bitin the trophies he won.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1653408,00.html |title=10 Questions for Rafael Nadal |accessdate=14 September 2010 |work=Time |first=Nathan |last=Thornburgh |date=15 August 2007 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812171900/http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1653408,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Tennis career== ===2002–2004=== In Aprile 2002, at 15 years an 10 month, the warld No. 762 Nadal won his first [[Association of Tennis Professionals|ATP]] match, defeatin [[Ramón Delgado]], an acame the ninth player in the [[Open Era]] tae dae sae afore the age o 16.<ref name="Tennis.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.tennis.com/features/general/features.aspx?id=10488 |title=Wimbledon 2006: The Duel |last=Tignor |first=Stephen |date=20 June 2006 |work=[[Tennis Magazine]] |accessdate=8 November 2008 |archive-date=2013-07-19 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6IET4ENJL?url=http://www.tennis.com/players-rankings/features/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The follaein year, Nadal won twa Challenger teetles an finished the year in the tap 50. At his Wimbledon debut in 2003, Nadal acame the youngest man tae reach the third roond syne [[Boris Becker]] in 1984.<ref>{{cite news | first=Christopher | last=Clarey |title=Wimbledon Tennis: An unusual comfort zone | date=26 June 2003 | url =http://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/26/sports/26iht-tennis_ed3__12.html | work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=5 April 2010}}</ref> Nadal reached the third roond o the [[2004 Australian Open]] whaur he lost in three sets against Australian [[Lleyton Hewitt]]. Interestingly, haed he won, he wad hae faced Roger Federer in the next roond.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2004-01-24/hewitt-sets-up-federer-clash/124708 |title=Hewitt sets up Federer clash |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=24 November 2012}}</ref> Later that year, Nadal played his first match against warld No. 1 Roger Federer at the [[2004 Miami Masters]], an won in straucht sets, afore losin tae [[Fernando González]] in the fowert roond. He wis ane o the sax players who defeatit Federer that year (alang wi [[Tim Henman]], [[Albert Costa]], [[Gustavo Kuerten]], [[Dominik Hrbatý]], an [[Tomáš Berdych]]). He missed maist o the clay court saison, includin the French Open, acause o a stress fracture in his left ankle.<ref name="times"/> Nadal, at 18 years an sax month, acame the youngest player tae register a singles veectory in a [[Davis Cup]] feenal for a winning naition.<ref name="telenadkno1">{{cite news | first=Emily | last=Benammar | title=Rafael Nadal: All you need to know | date=8 July 2008 | url =http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/tennis/atptour/2305040/Rafael-Nadal-All-you-need-to-know.html | work=The Daily Telegraph | accessdate =5 April 2010 | location=London}}</ref> Bi beatin warld No. 2 [[Andy Roddick]], he helped Spain clinch the 2004 teetle ower the Unitit States in a 3–2 win. He finished the year ranked warld No. 51. ===2005: First Grand Slam title=== At the [[2005 Australian Open]], Nadal lost in the fowert roond tae eventual runner-up [[Lleyton Hewitt]]. Twa month later, Nadal reached the feenal o the [[2005 Miami Masters]], an despite bein twa pynts frae a straucht-sets veectory, he wis defeatit in five sets bi warld No. 1 Roger Federer. Baith performances war considered tae be breakthroughs for Nadal.<ref>{{cite news | title=Brave Hewitt battles past Nadal | date=24 January 2005 | url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/4200919.stm |publisher=BBC Sports | accessdate =6 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Nadal proves to be the real deal | date=5 April 2005 | url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tennis/4412667.stm |publisher=BBC Sports | accessdate =6 April 2010}}</ref> He then dominatit the spring clay court saison. He won 24 consecutive singles matches, which broke [[Andre Agassi]]'s Open Era record o consecutive match wins for a male teenager.<ref>{{cite news | title=Teen Nadal gives Spain reign over French Open | date=5 June 2006 | url =http://www.usatoday.com/sports/tennis/french/2005-06-05-day-14_x.htm | agency=Associated Press |work=USA Today | accessdate =6 April 2010}}</ref> Nadal won the [[Torneo Godo|Torneo Conde de Godó]] in Barcelona an beat [[2004 French Open]] runner-up [[Guillermo Coria]] in the feenals o the [[2005 Monte Carlo Masters]] an the [[2005 Rome Masters]]. Thir victories raised his ranking tae warld No. 5<ref name="ranking2005">{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Tennis/Players/Top-Players/Rafael-Nadal.aspx?t=rh |title=ATP Rankings History: Rafael Nadal |accessdate=6 April 2010 |publisher=ATP Tour }}</ref> an made him ane o the favorites at his career-first French Open. On his 19t birthday, Nadal defeatit Federer in the [[2005 French Open]] semifeenals, bein ane o anly fower players who defeatit the tap-seedit player that year (alang wi [[Marat Safin]], [[Richard Gasquet]], an [[David Nalbandian]]). Twa days later, he defeatit [[Mariano Puerta]] in the feenal, acomin the seicont male player efter [[Mats Wilander]] tae win the French Open on his first attempt. He an aa acame the first teenager tae win a Grand Slam singles teetle syne [[Pete Sampras]] won the [[1990 US Open (tennis)|1990 US Open]] at age 19.<ref name="times"/> Winning the French Open improved Nadal's ranking tae warld No. 3.<ref name="ranking2005"/> Three days efter his veectory in Paris, Nadal's 24-match winning streak wis snapped in the first roond o the grass coort [[Gerry Weber Open]] in Halle, Germany, whaur he lost tae the German [[Alexander Waske]].<ref>{{cite news | title=Waske snaps Nadal's winning streak | date=10 June 2005 | url =http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/sport/archives/2005/06/10/2003258798 | agency=Associated Press | accessdate =6 April 2010}}</ref> He then lost in the seicont roond o [[2005 Wimbledon Championships|2005 Wimbledon]] tae [[Gilles Müller]] o Luxembourg. Immediately efter Wimbledon, Nadal won 16 consecutive matches an three consecutive tournaments, bringin his ranking tae warld No. 2 on 25 Julie 2005. Nadal stairtit his North American summer haurd-court saison bi defeatin Agassi in the feenal o the [[2005 Canada Masters]], but lost in the first roond o the [[2005 Cincinnati Masters]]. Nadal wis seedit seicont at the [[2005 US Open (tennis)|2005 US Open]], whaur he wis upset in the third roond bi warld No. 49 [[James Blake (tennis)|James Blake]] in fower sets. In September, he defeatit Coria in the feenal o the [[China Open (tennis)|China Open]] in Beijing an won baith o his [[Davis Cup]] matches against Italy. In October, he won his fowert ATP Masters Series teetle o the year, defeatin [[Ivan Ljubičić]] in the feenal o the [[Madrid Masters|2005 Madrid Masters]]. He then suffered a fit injury that preventit him frae competin in the year-endin [[Tennis Masters Cup]].<ref>{{cite news | first=Julian | last=Linden | title=Foot injury delays Rafael Nadal's comeback | date=5 January 2006 | url =http://www.rediff.com/sports/2006/jan/05nadal.htm | agency=Reuters| accessdate =6 April 2010}}</ref> Baith Nadal an Federer won eleven singles teetles an fower ATP Masters Series teetles in 2005. Nadal broke [[Mats Wilander]]'s previous teenage record o nine in 1983.<ref name=2005eleven>{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/tennis/1/en/2008news/nadal_newno1.asp|title=Rafael Nadal No. 1 Tribute|accessdate=7 July 2009|date=18 August 2008|work=ATP World Tour}}{{Dead link|date=April 2010}}</ref> Nine o Nadal's teetles war on clay, an the remainder war on haurd courts. Nadal won 79 matches, seicont anly tae Federer's 81. Nadal won the [[Golden Bagel Award]] for 2005, wi eleven 6–0 sets during the year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sidespinproductions.com/news9.php |title=Nadal Grabs the Golden Bagel |accessdate=6 April 2010 |date=11 December 2005 |publisher=SideSpin Productions }}</ref> An aa, he earned the heichest year-end ranking ever bi a Spaniard an the ATP Maist Improved Player o the Year award. ===2006: Second French Open title=== Nadal missed the Australian Open acause o a fit injury.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/4561684.stm|title=Champion Safin out of Aussie Open|work=BBC Sport|date=10 January 2006|accessdate=13 November 2008}}</ref> In Februar, he lost in the semifeenals o the first tournament he played, the [[Open 13]] tournament in [[Marseille]], Fraunce. Twa weeks later, he handed Roger Federer his first loss o the year in the feenal o the [[Dubai Tennis Championships|Dubai Duty Free Men's Open]] (in 2006, Rafael Nadal an [[Andy Murray]] war the anly twa men who defeatit Federer). Tae complete the spring haurd-court saison, Nadal wis upset in the semifeenals o the [[Indian Wells Masters|Pacific Life Open]] in [[Indian Wells, California]], bi James Blake, an wis upset in the seicont roond o the [[2006 Miami Masters]]. On European [[clay court|clay]], Nadal won aw fower tournaments he entered an 24 consecutive matches. He defeatit Federer in the feenal o the [[Monte Carlo Masters|Masters Series Monte Carlo]] in fower sets. The follaein week, he defeatit [[Tommy Robredo]] in the feenal o the [[Torneo Godó|Open Sabadell Atlántico]] tournament in [[Barcelona]]. Efter a ane-week break, Nadal won the Masters Series [[Rome Masters|Internazionali BNL d'Italia]] in Rome, defeatin Federer in a fift-set tiebreaker in the feenal, efter saving twa match pynts an equaling [[Björn Borg]]'s tally o 16 ATP teetles won as a teenager. Nadal broke Argentinian [[Guillermo Vilas]]'s 29-year male record o 53 consecutive clay-court match victories bi winning his first roond match at the [[2006 French Open|French Open]]. Vilas presentit Nadal wi a trophy, but commentit later that Nadal's feat wis less impressive than his ain acause Nadal's winning streak covered twa years an wis accomplished bi adding easy tournaments tae his schedule.<ref>{{cite web| first=Greg | last=Garber | title=With Vilas in stands, Nadal makes history | date=31 May 2006 | url =http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/french06/news/story?id=2462389&lpos=spotlight&lid=tab4pos1 | work=ESPN Tennis/French06|publisher=ESPN |accessdate=13 November 2008}}</ref> Nadal went on tae play Federer in the feenal o the French Open. The first twa sets o the match war hardly competitive, as the rivals traded 6–1 sets. Nadal won the third set easily an served for the match in the fowert set afore Federer broke him an forced a tiebreaker. Nadal won the tiebreaker an acame the first player tae defeat Federer in a Grand Slam tournament feenal.<ref>{{cite web| first=Greg | last=Garber | title=Roger's reign on hold with Nadal's dominance | date=12 June 2006 | work=ESPN Tennis/French06|publisher=ESPN | url =http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/french06/news/story?id=2479425 | accessdate =13 November 2008 }}</ref> [[File:Image-Nadal photographié-cropped.jpg|thumb|left|upright|2006 [[French Open|Roland Garros]] champion]] Nadal injured his shouder while playin a quarterfeenal match against [[Lleyton Hewitt]] at the [[Queen's Club Championships|Artois Championships]], played on grass at the [[Queen's Club]] in Lunnon.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D03EEDA1131F934A25755C0A9609C8B63|title=Shoulder Forces Nadal To Quit London Match|date=17 June 2006|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=13 November 2008}}</ref> Nadal wis unable tae complete the match, which ended his 26-match winning streak. Nadal wis seedit seicont at Wimbledon, but wis twa pynts frae defeat against American qualifier [[Robert Kendrick]] in the seicont roond afore coming back tae win in five sets. In the third roond, Nadal defeatit warld No. 20 [[Andre Agassi]] in straucht sets at Agassi's last career match at Wimbledon. Nadal an aa won his next three matches in straucht sets, which set up his first Wimbledon feenal, which wis against Federer, who haed won this tournament the three previous years. Nadal wis the first Spanish man syne [[Manuel Santana]] in 1966, tae reach the Wimbledon feenal, but Federer won the match in fower sets tae win his fowert consecutive [[Wimbledon 2006|Wimbledon]] teetle. During the lead up tae the [[2006 US Open (tennis)|US Open]], Nadal played the twa Masters Series tournaments in North Americae. He wis upset in the third roond o the [[Canada Masters|Rogers Cup]] in Toronto an the quarterfeenals o the [[Cincinnati Masters|Western & Southern Financial Group Masters]] in [[Cincinnati]]. Nadal wis seedit seicont at the US Open, but lost in the quarterfeenals tae warld No. 54 [[Mikhail Youzhny]] o Roushie in fower sets. Nadal played anly three tournaments the remainder o the year. [[Joachim Johansson]], ranked warld No. 690, upset Nadal in the seicont roond o the [[Stockholm Open]]. The follaein week, Nadal lost tae [[Tomáš Berdych]] in the quarterfeenals o the year's last Masters Series tournament, the [[Madrid Masters|Mutua Madrileña Masters]] in Madrid. During the roond-robin stage o the year-endin [[Tennis Masters Cup]], Nadal lost tae [[James Blake (tennis)|James Blake]] but defeatit [[Nikolay Davydenko]] an Robredo. Acause o those twa victories, Nadal qualified for the semifeenals, whaur he lost tae Federer. This wis Nadal's third loss in nine career matches wi Federer. Nadal went on tae acome the first player syne [[Andre Agassi]] in 1994–95 tae finish the year as the warld No. 2 in consecutive years. ===2007: Third French Open title=== {{Main|2007 Rafael Nadal tennis season}} Nadal stairtit the year bi playin in sax haurd-court tournaments. He lost in the semifeenals an first roond o his first twa tournaments an then lost in the quarterfeenals o the [[2007 Australian Open|Australian Open]] tae eventual runner-up [[Fernando González]]. Efter anither quarterfeenal loss at the [[Dubai Tennis Championships]], he won the [[2007 Indian Wells Masters]], afore [[Novak Djoković]] defeatit him in the quarterfeenals o the [[2007 Miami Masters]]. He haed comparatively mair success efter returning tae Europe tae play five clay-court tournaments. He won the teetles at the [[Monte Carlo Masters|Masters Series Monte Carlo]], the [[Torneo Godo|Open Sabadell Atlántico]] in Barcelona, an the Masters Series [[Internazionali BNL d'Italia]] in Rome, afore losin tae Roger Federer in the feenal o the [[Masters Series Hamburg]]. This defeat ended his 81-match winning streak on clay, which is the male Open Era record for consecutive wins on a single surface. He then rebounded tae win the [[2007 French Open – Men's Singles|French Open]] for the third straucht year, defeatin Federer ance again in the feenal. Atween the tournaments in Barcelona an Rome, Nadal defeatit Federer in the "[[Battle o Surfaces]]" exhibeetion match in Mallorca, Spain, wi the tennis court bein hauf [[grass court|grass]] an hauf clay.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebattleofsurfaces.com | title = The Battle of Surfaces | accessdate =4 April 2007}}</ref> Nadal played the [[Artois Championships]] at the [[Queen's Club]] in Lunnon for the seicont consecutive year. As in 2006, Nadal wis upset in the quarterfeenals. Nadal then won consecutive five-set matches during the third an fowert roonds o [[2007 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles|Wimbledon]] afore bein beaten bi Federer in the five-set feenal. This wis Federer's first five-set match at Wimbledon syne 2001.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/6280788.stm|title=Wimbledon 2007|publisher=BBC Sport |first=Caroline|last=Cheese|date=7 July 2007|accessdate=13 November 2008}}</ref> In Julie, Nadal won the clay court [[Mercedes Cup]] in [[Stuttgart]], which proved tae be his last teetle o the year. He played three important tournaments during the North American summer haurd court saison. He wis a semifeenaleet at the Masters Series [[Rogers Cup (tennis)|Rogers Cup]] in Montreal afore losin his first match at the [[Western & Southern Financial Group Masters]] in [[Cincinnati]]. He wis the seicont-seedit player at the [[2007 US Open (tennis)|US Open]], but wis defeatit in the fowert roond bi [[David Ferrer]]. Efter a month-lang break frae tournament tennis, Nadal played the [[Madrid Masters|Mutua Madrileña Masters]] in Madrid an the [[BNP Paribas Masters]] in Paris. [[David Nalbandian]] upset him in the quarterfeenals an feenal o those tournaments. Tae end the year, Nadal won twa o his three roond robin matches tae advance tae the semifeenals o the [[Tennis Masters Cup]] in Shanghai, whaur Federer defeatit him in straucht sets. During the seicont hauf o the year, Nadal battled a knee injury suffered during the Wimbledon feenal. In addition, thare war rumors at the end o the year that the fit injury he suffered during 2005, caused lang-term damage, which war gien credence bi coach [[Toni Nadal]]'s claim that the problem wis "serious". Nadal an his spokesman strangly denied this, houiver, wi Nadal himsel calling the story "totally false".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/7117076.stm|title=Nadal plays down foot injury fear |work=BBC Sport Tennis|first=Piers|last= Newbury|date=28 November 2007|accessdate =11 February 2009 }}</ref> === 2008: French Open, Wimbledon, Olympic Gold & ascent to No. 1 === {{Main|2008 Rafael Nadal tennis season}} Nadal began the year in Indie, whaur he wis comprehensively beaten bi [[Mikhail Youzhny]] in the feenal o the [[Chennai Open]]. Nadal then reached the semifeenals o the [[2008 Australian Open|Australian Open]] for the first time. [[Jo-Wilfried Tsonga]] defeatit Nadal in the semifeenal o 2008 Australian Open. Nadal an aa reached the feenal o the [[2008 Miami Masters|Miami Masters]] for the seicont time. During the spring clay-court saison, Nadal won fower singles teetles an defeatit Roger Federer in three feenals. He beat Federer at the [[2008 Monte Carlo Masters|Masters Series Monte Carlo]] for the third straucht year, capturing his [[Open Era]] record fowert consecutive teetle thare. He won in straucht sets, despite Federer's holding a 4–0 lead in the seicont set.<ref name="therivalry">{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/Rivalries/Nadal-Federer-Rivalry.aspx|title= Roger & Rafa: The Rivalry|date=14 March 2013|publisher=ATPtennis.com|accessdate=11 April 2013}}</ref> Nadal then won his fowert consecutive teetle at the [[2008 Torneo Godó|Open Sabadell Atlántico]] tournament in [[Barcelona]]. A few weeks later, Nadal won his first teetle at the [[2008 Hamburg Masters|Masters Series Hamburg]], defeatin Federer in the three-set feenal. He then won the [[2008 French Open|French Open]], acomin the fift man in the [[Open Era]] tae win a Grand Slam singles teetle wioot losin a set.<ref>{{cite news | title = Men's Grand Slam Titles Without Losing A Set | url = http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/06/09/sports/TEN-Mens-Grand-Slam-Titles-No-Lost-Sets.php | agency=Associated Press | work=International Herald Tribune. Sports | date=9 June 2008 | accessdate =9 August 2008}}</ref> He defeatit Federer in the feenal for the third straucht year, but this wis the maist lopsided o aw thair matches, as Nadal anly lost fower gemmes an gae Federer his first [[Tennis terminology#B|bagel]] syne 1999.<ref name="therivalry"/> This wis Nadal's fowert consecutive French teetle, tying [[Björn Borg]]'s aw-time record. Nadal acame the fowert male player during Open era tae win the same Grand Slam singles tournament fower consecutive years (the others bein Borg, [[Pete Sampras]], an Federer). [[File:236 - Centre Court - R Nadal.JPG|thumb|left|Nadal against [[Andreas Beck (tennis)|Andreas Beck]] in the [[2008 Wimbledon Championships]] first roond]] Nadal then played Federer in the feenal o [[2008 Wimbledon Championships|Wimbledon]] for the third consecutive year, in the maist anticipatit match o [[Federer–Nadal rivalry|thair rivalry]].<ref name="wim2008pre">{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/story/2008/07/05/wimbledon-federer-nadal.html|title= Federer, Nadal set for Wimbledon showdown|agency=Associated Press| work=CBCSport|publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date=5 June 2008| accessdate=11 February 2009 }}</ref><ref name="nadaledge">{{cite web| url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/wimbledon08/columns/story?columnist=ubha_ravi&id=3473804|title= Nadal enters Wimbledon final with clear mental edge|first= Ravi |last= Ubha |publisher=ESPN |date=5 June 2008| accessdate=11 February 2009 }}</ref> Nadal entered the feenal on a 23-match winning streak, includin his first career grass-court teetle at the [[2008 Queen's Club Championships - Singles|Artois Championships]] staged at the [[Queen's Club]] in Lunnon prior tae Wimbledon. Federer haed won his record fift grass-court teetle at the [[2008 Gerry Weber Open|Gerry Weber Open]] in [[Halle, North Rhine-Westphalia|Halle]], an then reached the Wimbledon feenal wioot losin a set. Unlik thair previous twa Wimbledon feenals, tho, Federer wis nae the prohibitive favorite, an mony analysts picked Nadal tae win.<ref name="nadaledge"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/blog/index?entryID=3474615&name=bodo_peter | title= Karma on Nadal's side|first= Bodo |last= Peter |publisher=ESPN |date=5 June 2008| accessdate=11 February 2009}}</ref> Thay played the langest (in terms o time on coort, nae in terms o nummers o gemmes) feenal in Wimbledon history, an acause o rain delays, Nadal won the fift set 9–7 in near-darkness. The match wis widely lauded as the greatest Wimbledon feenal ever, wi some tennis critics even calling it the greatest match in tennis history.<ref name="asgoodasitgets">{{cite news|work=International Herald Tribune (Associated Press)|title=Federer-Nadal rivalry as good as it gets|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/07/07/sports/TEN-On-Tennis-Rafa---Roger.php|date=7 July 2008|accessdate=14 February 2009|archive-date=2008-08-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080823030306/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/07/07/sports/TEN-On-Tennis-Rafa---Roger.php|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="greatestmatchever">{{cite news|first = Bruce|last=Jenkins|title = The Greatest Match Ever | url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/07/06/SPP711KSLR.DTL |date=7 July 2008 | accessdate =7 August 2008 | work=The San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref><ref name="McEnroe">{{cite news | first = Richard|last= Alleyne | title = Wimbledon 2008: John McEnroe hails Rafael Nadal victory as greatest final ever | url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/tennis/wimbledon/2305019/Wimbledon-2008-John-McEnroe-hails-Rafael-Nadal-victory-as-greatest-final-ever.html|date = 7 July 2008 | accessdate =7 August 2008 | work=The Daily Telegraph | location=London}}</ref><ref name="wertheimgreatest">{{cite news|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2008/writers/jon_wertheim/07/09/wertheim.mailbag/index.html|first=Jon|last=Wertheim|title=Without a doubt, it's the greatest|work=Sports Illustrated|date=9 July 2008|accessdate=4 April 2009|archive-date=2013-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813175621/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2008/writers/jon_wertheim/07/09/wertheim.mailbag/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Alistair Magowan|title=Roger v Rafa – the best final ever?| url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/7493099.stm|publisher=BBC Sport |date =7 July 2008| accessdate =8 July 2008}}</ref> Bi winning his first Wimbledon teetle, Nadal acame the third man in the open era tae win baith the French Open an Wimbledon in the same year, efter [[Rod Laver]] in 1969, an Borg in 1978–80, (Federer later accomplished this the follaein year) as well as the seicont [[Spaniard]] tae win Wimbledon. He an aa ended Federer's record streak o five consecutive Wimbledon teetles an 65 straucht wins on grass courts. This wis an aa the first time that Nadal won twa Grand Slam tournaments back-tae-back. Efter Wimbledon, Nadal extendit his winning streak tae a [[ATP Tour records#Winning streaks|career-best 32 matches]]. He won his seicont [[2008 Canada Masters|Rogers Cup]] teetle in Toronto, an then made it intae the semifeenals o the [[2008 Cincinnati Masters|Western & Southern Financial Group Masters]] in [[Cincinnati]]. As a result, Nadal clinched the [[2008 US Open Series|US Open Series]] an, combined wi Federer's early-roond losses in baith o those tournaments, feenally earned the [[Leet o ATP nummer 1 ranked players|warld No. 1]] ranking on 18 August, offeecially endin Federer's record fower-and-a-hauf-year reign at the tap. At the [[2008 Beijing Summer Olympics|2008 Beijing Olympics]], Nadal defeatit [[Novak Djoković]] in the semifeenals an [[Fernando González]] o Chile in the feenal tae win his first Olympic gowd medal. Nadal acame the first male player ranked in the tap five tae win the gowd medal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tennis.com/news/news.aspx?id=142024|title=Nadal wins Olympic gold over Gonzalez|publisher=Tennis.com|date=17 August 2008|accessdate=5 April 2009|archive-date=2009-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615205322/http://tennis.com/news/news.aspx?id=142024|url-status=dead}}</ref> At the [[2008 US Open (tennis)|US Open]], Nadal wis the tap-seedit player for the first time at a Grand Slam tournament. He did nae lose a set during his first three matches, defeatin qualifiers in the first an seicont roonds an [[Viktor Troicki]] in the third roond. He then needed fower sets tae defeat baith [[Sam Querrey]] in the fowert roond an [[Mardy Fish]] in the quarterfeenals. In the semifeenals, he lost tae eventual runner up, Andy Murray. Later in the year in [[Madrid]], Nadal helped Spain defeat the Unitit States in the [[Davis Cup]] semifeenals. At the [[Madrid Masters|Mutua Madrileña Masters]] in Madrid, Nadal lost in the semifeenals tae [[Gilles Simon]]. Houiver, his performance at the event guaranteed that he wad acome the first Spaniard during the open era tae finish the year as the warld No. 1.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atptennis.com/1/en/2008news/nadalno1.asp|title=Nadal Clinches Year End No. 1 For First Time|publisher=ATPtennis.com|date=18 August 2008|accessdate=20 October 2008|archive-date=2008-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081022030531/http://www.atptennis.com/1/en/2008news/nadalno1.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 24 October at the Campoamor theatre in [[Oviedo]], Spain, Nadal wis gien the [[Prince o Asturias Awaird]] for Sports, in recognition o his achievements in tennis.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fpa.es/en/awards/2008/rafael-nadal-1/ |title=2008 Prince of Asturias Award for Sports |accessdate=5 April 2010 |publisher=Fundación Principe de Asturias |archive-date=2013-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824003930/http://www.fpa.es/en/awards/2008/rafael-nadal-1/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Twa weeks efter the Madrid Masters at the [[BNP Paribas Masters]] in Fraunce, Nadal reached the quarterfeenals, whaur he faced [[Nikolay Davydenko]]. Nadal lost the first set 6–1, afore retiring in the seicont wi a knee injury.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://uk.reuters.com/article/tennisNews/idUKLV49845520081031|title= UPDATE 2-Tennis-Knee injury forces Nadal to retire in Paris|first= Julien|last= Pretot|agency= Reuters|accessdate= 5 April 2009|date= 31 October 2008|archive-date= 2019-08-22|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190822004126/https://uk.reuters.com/article/tennis-men-masters-nadal/update-2-tennis-knee-injury-forces-nadal-to-retire-in-paris-idUKLV49845520081031|url-status= dead}}</ref> The follaein week, Nadal annoonced his widrawal frae the year-endin [[Tennis Masters Cup]] in Shanghai, citing [[tendinitis]] o the knee. On 10 November, Nadal widrew frae Spain's Davis Cup feenal against Argentina, as his knee injury haed nae healed completely.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://tennis.com/news/news.aspx?id=151554.asp| title=Nadal withdraws from Masters Cup| date=3 November 2008| publisher=Tennis.com| accessdate=4 November 2008| archive-date=2009-06-15| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615204253/http://tennis.com/news/news.aspx?id=151554.asp| url-status=dead}}</ref> ===2009: Australian Open title, Shocked in Paris=== {{Main|2009 Rafael Nadal tennis season}} Nadal's first offeecial ATP tour event for the year wis the [[ATP World Tour 250 series|250 series]] [[2009 Qatar Open|Qatar Open]] in [[Doha]]. Efter his first-roond match wi [[Fabrice Santoro]], Nadal wis awairdit the 2008 ATP World Tour Champion trophy.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nadal, Murray, Federer Off the Mark in 2009|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2009/01/dohatuesday.aspx|date=6 January 2009|accessdate=15 June 2012|publisher=ATP World Tour}}</ref> Nadal eventually lost in the quarterfeenals tae [[Gaël Monfils]]. Nadal an aa entered an won the tournament's [[2009 Qatar Open – Doubles|doubles event]] wi pairtner [[Marc López]], defeatin the warld No. 1 doubles team o [[Daniel Nestor]] an [[Nenad Zimonjić]] in the feenal. As notit bi statistician [[Greg Sharko]], this wis the first time syne 1990 the warld No. 1 singles player haed played the warld No. 1 doubles player in a feenal.<ref>{{cite web|title=DEUCE Australian Open 2009 Shark Bites|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/DEUCE-Tennis/DEUCE-Australian-Open-2009/Shark-Bites.aspx|date=16 January 2009|accessdate=15 June 2012|first=Greg|last=Sharko|publisher=ATP World Tour}}</ref> At the [[2009 Australian Open]], Nadal won his first five matches wioot dropping a set, afore defeatin compatriot [[Fernando Verdasco]] in the semifeenals in the seicont langest match in Australian Open history at 5 oors an 14 minutes.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/aus09/columns/story?columnist=ubha_ravi&id=3871740|title=One for the record books|publisher=ESPN|first=Ravi|last=Ubha|date=30 January 2009|accessdate=20 June 2012}}</ref> This win set up a championship match wi Roger Federer, thair first meetin ever in a haurd-court Grand Slam tournament an thair [[Federer–Nadal rivalry#Analysis|nineteent meetin overall]]. Nadal defeatit Federer in five sets tae earn his first haurd-court Grand Slam singles teetle,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.australianopen.com/en_AU/players/cmatch/atpn409.html|title=Rafael Nadal Completed Matches, 2009 Australian Open|publisher=[[Tennis Australia]]|date=30 January 2009|accessdate=30 January 2009|archive-date=2009-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202120557/http://www.australianopen.com/en_AU/players/cmatch/atpn409.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> makin him the first Spaniard tae win the Australian Open an the fowert male tennis player—efter [[Jimmy Connors]], [[Mats Wilander]], an [[Andre Agassi]]—tae win Grand Slam singles teetles on three different surfaces. This win an aa made Nadal the first male tennis player tae haud three Grand Slam singles teetles on three different surfaces at the same time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tennishead.net/on-tour/Features/2009/record-breaking-rafa-notches-up-another-first|title=Record-breaking Rafa Notches Up Another First|publisher=Tennishead|date=4 February 2009|accessdate=4 February 2009|archive-date=2009-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090716191125/http://www.tennishead.net/on-tour/Features/2009/record-breaking-rafa-notches-up-another-first/|url-status=dead}}</ref> At the [[2009 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament|ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament]] in [[Rotterdam]], Nadal lost in the feenal tae seicont-seedit Andy Murray in three sets. During the feenal, Nadal cried a trainer tae attend tae a tendon problem wi his right knee, which notably affectit his play in the feenal set.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2009/feb/16/tennis-andy-murray-rafael-nadal |title=Murray takes title to complete hat-trick over crocked Nadal |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=16 February 2009 |accessdate=16 February 2009 | first=Simon | last=Cambers}}</ref> Awtho this knee problem wis nae associatit wi Nadal's right knee tendonitis, it wis serious eneuch tae cause him tae widraw frae the [[Barclays Dubai Tennis Championships]] a week later.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/7895679.stm| title=Injured Nadal pulls out of Dubai |publisher=BBC Sport |date=19 February 2009 |accessdate=19 February 2009 }}</ref> In Mairch, Nadal helped Spain defeat Serbia in a [[Davis Cup]] World Group first-roond tie on clay in [[Benidorm]], Spain. Nadal defeatit [[Janko Tipsarević]] an Novak Djokovic. The win ower warld No. 3 Djokovic wis Nadal's twalt consecutive Davis Cup singles match win an boostit his career win–loss record against Djokovic tae 11–4, includin 6–0 on clay.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nadal beats Djokovic to help Spain clinch win|url=http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/29580139/|agency=Associated Press|publisher=NBC Sports|accessdate=13 June 2010|date=8 March 2009|archive-date=2012-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011224054/http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/29580139/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Rogers|first=Iain|title=Nadal beats Djokovic to put Spain through|url=http://ca.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idCATRE5270T420090308?sp=true|agency=Reuters|accessdate=13 June 2010|date=8 March 2009|archive-date=2012-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525063244/http://ca.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idCATRE5270T420090308?sp=true|url-status=dead}}</ref> At the [[2009 Indian Wells Masters]], Nadal won his thirteent [[ATP World Tour Masters 1000|Masters 1000]] series tournament. In the fowert roond, Nadal saved five match pynts, afore defeatin [[David Nalbandian]] for the first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Oberjuerge|first=Paul|title=Nadal Shows Why He's No. 1, and Safina Shows Why She Isn't|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/20/sports/tennis/20nadal.html|accessdate=9 July 2010|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=19 March 2009}}</ref> Nadal defeatit [[Juan Martín del Potro]] in the quarterfeenals an [[Andy Roddick]] in the semifeenals, afore defeatin Murray in the feenal. The next ATP tour event wis the [[2009 Miami Masters]]. Nadal advanced tae the quarterfeenals, whaur he again faced Argentinian del Potro, this time losin the match. This wis the first time del Potro haed defeatit Nadal in five career matches.<ref>[http://www.atpworldtour.com/tennis/3/en/players/headtohead/?player1=Del+Potro%2C+Juan+Martin&player2=nadal Head to Head Player Details]</ref> Nadal began his European clay court saison at the [[2009 Monte Carlo Masters]], whaur he won a record fift consecutive singles teetle thare.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tennis/8007021.stm|title=Nadal seals fifth Monte Carlo win |date=19 April 2009|publisher=BBC Sport |accessdate=20 April 2009}}</ref> He defeatit Novak Djokovic in the feenal for his fift consecutive win, a record in the open era. Nadal is the first male player tae win the same ATP Master series event for five consecutive years. Nadal then competit in the ATP 500 event in Barcelona. He advanced tae his fift consecutive Barcelona feenal, whaur he faced David Ferrer. Nadal went on tae beat Ferrer tae record five consecutive Barcelona victories.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tennis/8019528.stm|title=Nadal storms to Barcelona victory |date=26 April 2009|publisher=BBC Sport |accessdate=26 April 2009}}</ref> At the [[Rome Masters]], Nadal reached the feenal, whaur he defeatit Novak Djokovic tae improve his overall record tae 13–4 an clay record tae 8–0 against the Serb.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tennis/8031729.stm|title=Nadal regains Rome Masters title |date=3 May 2009|publisher=BBC Sport |accessdate=6 May 2009}}</ref> He acame the first player tae win fower Rome teetles. [[File:Nadal Miami 2009 1.jpg|thumb|upright|Nadal at [[2009 Sony Ericsson Open]], Miami, Florida, United States]] Efter winning twa clay-court Masters, he participatit in the [[Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open|Madrid Open]]. He lost tae Roger Federer in the feenal. This wis the first time that Nadal haed lost tae Federer syne the semifeenals o the [[2007 Tennis Masters Cup]]. On 19 Mey, the ATP World Tour annoonced that Nadal wis the first player oot o aicht tae qualify for the [[2009 ATP World Tour Finals]], tae be played at the [[The O2 Arena (London)|O2 Arena]] in Lunnon.<ref>{{cite news|last=Herman|first=Martyn|title=Nadal seals spot for ATP season finale in London|url=http://ca.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idCATRE54I3JX20090519|agency=Reuters|accessdate=13 June 2010|date=19 May 2009|archive-date=2012-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525063306/http://ca.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idCATRE54I3JX20090519|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bi beatin [[Lleyton Hewitt]] in the third roond o [[2009 French Open]], Nadal (2005–09 French Open) set a record o 31 consecutive wins at Roland Garros, beatin the previous record o 28 bi [[Björn Borg]] (1978–81 French Open). Nadal haed won 32 consecutive sets at Roland Garros (syne winning the last 2 sets at the [[2007 French Open]] feenal against Federer), the seicont-langest winning streak in the tournament's history behind Björn Borg's record o 41 consecutive sets. This run [[Söderling–Nadal match at the 2009 French Open|came tae an end on 31 Mey 2009]], whan Nadal lost tae eventual runner-up, [[Robin Söderling]] in the 4t roond. This wis Nadal's first and, until 2015, anly loss at the French Open. Efter his surprise defeat at Roland Garros, Nadal widrew frae the [[AEGON Championships]]. It wis confirmed that Nadal wis sufferin frae [[tendinitis]] in baith o his knees.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/news/story?id=4245078 |title=Rafael Nadal has problems in both knees, will try to rehab in time for Wimbledon |publisher=ESPN |date=9 June 2009 |accessdate=6 June 2010}}</ref> On 19 Juin, Nadal widrew frae the 2009 Wimbledon Championship, citing his recurring knee injury.<ref name="news.bbc.co.uk">{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/8085394.stm |publisher=BBC News | title=Champion Nadal out of Wimbledon | date=19 June 2009 | accessdate=22 May 2010}}</ref> He wis the first champion nae tae defend the teetle syne [[Goran Ivanišević]] in 2001.<ref name="news.bbc.co.uk"/> Roger Federer went on tae win the teetle, an Nadal consequently dropped back tae warld No. 2 on 6 Julie 2009. Nadal later annoonced his widrawal frae the Davis Cup. On 4 August, Nadal's uncle, Toni Nadal, confirmed that Nadal wad return tae play at the [[Montreal Masters|Rogers Cup]] in Montreal.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gototennisblog.com/2009/08/04/rafael-nadal-on-his-return-to-montreal-roger-federer-and-davis-cup/ |title=Rafael Nadal returns to tennis at Montreal Masters |date=4 August 2009 |work=GOTOTENNIS |accessdate=5 August 2009 |archive-date=2009-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090806204201/http://www.gototennisblog.com/2009/08/04/rafael-nadal-on-his-return-to-montreal-roger-federer-and-davis-cup/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Thare, in his first tournament syne Roland Garros, Nadal lost in the quarterfeenals tae [[Juan Martín del Potro]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sportinglife.com/tennis/news/story_get.cgi?STORY_NAME=tennis/09/08/15/manual_073518.html |title=Nadal Suffers Montreal Setback |date=15 August 2009 |work=Sporting Life |location=UK |accessdate=15 August 2009 |archive-date=2012-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118065911/http://www.sportinglife.com/tennis/news/story_get.cgi?STORY_NAME=tennis%2F09%2F08%2F15%2Fmanual_073518.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wi this loss, he relinquished the No. 2 spot tae Andy Murray on 17 August 2009, ranking ootside the tap twa for the first time syne 25 Julie 2005. In the quarterfeenals o the [[2009 US Open – Men's Singles|US Open]] he defeatit Fernando Gonzálezin a rain-delayed encounter.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/8249729.stm|title=Nadal finishes Gonzalez with ease |date=12 September 2009|publisher=BBC Sport |accessdate=13 September 2009}}</ref> Houiver, lik his [[2008 US Open – Men's Singles|previous US Open campaign]], he fell in the semifeenals, this time losin tae eventual champion Juan Martín del Potro.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/8253542.stm|title=Del Potro thrashes Nadal in semis |date=13 September 2009|publisher=BBC Sport |accessdate=13 September 2009}}</ref> Despite the loss, he regained the No. 2 ranking efter Andy Murray's early exit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://edinburghnews.scotsman.com/tennis/Tennis-Nadal-knees-hold-up.5629994.jp|title=Tennis: Nadal knees hold up as he regains No. 2 spot with victory|date=9 September 2009|work=The Edinburgh Paper|accessdate=13 September 2009|archive-date=2011-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615114206/http://edinburghnews.scotsman.com/tennis/Tennis-Nadal-knees-hold-up.5629994.jp|url-status=dead}}</ref> At the [[2009 ATP World Tour Finals|World Tour Finals]], Nadal lost aw three o his matches against [[Robin Söderling]], [[Nikolay Davydenko]], an [[Novak Djokovic]] respectively wioot winning a set. In December, Nadal participatit in the seicont Davis Cup feenal o his career. He defeatit [[Tomáš Berdych]] in his first singles rubber tae gie the [[Spanish Davis Cup Team]] thair first pynt in the tie. Efter the [[Spain Davis Cup team|Spanish Davis Cup team]] haed secured its fowert [[Davis Cup]] veectory, Nadal defeatit [[Jan Hájek (tennis)|Jan Hájek]] in the first Davis Cup [[dead rubber]] o his career. The win gae Nadal his 14t consecutive singles veectory at Davis Cup (his 13t on clay). Nadal finished the year as No. 2 for the fowert time in five years. Nadal won the [[Golden Bagel Award]] for the third time in 2009, wi nine 6–0 sets during the year. In daein sae he set a new record o Awaird wins, syne matched anly bi Novak Djokovic. ===2010: Return to No. 1 and Career Grand Slam=== {{Main|2010 Rafael Nadal tennis season}} Nadal began the year bi pairteecipatin in the [[2010 Capitala World Tennis Championship|Capitala World Tennis Championship]] in [[Abu Dhabi]], Unitit Arab Emirates. He defeatit compatriot [[David Ferrer]] tae reach his seicont feenal in the exhibition tournament. In the feenal, Nadal defeatit [[Robin Söderling]] in straucht sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tennis/8437851.stm|title=Rafael Nadal wins Abu Dhabi exhibition title |date=2 January 2010|publisher=BBC Sport |accessdate=4 January 2010}}</ref> Nadal participatit in an Australian Open warm-up tournament, the [[2010 Qatar ExxonMobil Open|Qatar ExxonMobil Open]] ATP 250 event in Doha, whaur he lost in the feenals tae [[Nikolay Davydenko]].<ref name="bbcqatar"/><ref name="bbcqatar">{{cite news | title=Davydenko shocks Nadal in final | date=9 January 2010 | url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tennis/8450315.stm | work=The British Broadcasting Corporation | accessdate =9 January 2010}}</ref> In the [[2010 Australian Open – Men's Singles|Australian Open]], Nadal defeatit [[Peter Luczak]], [[Lukáš Lacko]], [[Philipp Kohlschreiber]], an [[Ivo Karlović]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/8474055.stm |publisher=BBC News | title=Champion Nadal reaches round four | date=22 January 2010 | accessdate=22 May 2010}}</ref> In the quarterfeenals, Nadal pulled oot at 3–0 doun in the third set against [[Andy Murray]], haein lost the first twa sets.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/8478297.stm |publisher=BBC News | title=Murray through after Nadal injury | date=26 January 2010 | accessdate=22 May 2010}}</ref> Efter examining Nadal's knees, doctors told him that he should tak twa weeks o rest, an then twa weeks o rehabilitation. Nadal reached the semifeenals in singles at the [[BNP Paribas Open]] in [[Indian Wells, California|Indian Wells]], whaur he wis the defendin champion; houiver, eventual champion [[Ivan Ljubičić]] defeatit him in three sets.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bnpparibasopen.org/News/Tennis/2010/Tournament/ATP-Saturday2-Ljubicic-Shows-Fight-In-SF-Comeback.aspx |title=Ljubicic Shows Heart in semi-final Win Over Nadal |publisher=BNP Paribas Open |date=20 March 2010 |accessdate=6 June 2010 |archive-date=2010-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323001822/http://www.bnpparibasopen.org/News/Tennis/2010/Tournament/ATP-Saturday2-Ljubicic-Shows-Fight-In-SF-Comeback.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> He an countryman [[Marc López|López]] won the doubles teetle, tho, as wildcard entrants against nummer ane seeds [[Daniel Nestor]] an [[Nenad Zimonjić]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bnpparibasopen.org/News/Tennis/2010/Tournament/ATP-Saturday2-Nadal-Lopez-Take-Doubles-Title.aspx |title=Lopez/Nadal Upset Top Seeds To Take Doubles Title |publisher=BNP Paribas Open |date=20 March 2010 |accessdate=6 June 2010 |archive-date=2017-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913183003/http://www.bnpparibasopen.org/News/Tennis/2010/Tournament/ATP-Saturday2-Nadal-Lopez-Take-Doubles-Title.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> This boostit his doubles ranking 175 places<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Rankings/Doubles.aspx?d=22.03.2010&r=1&c=# |title=Emirates ATP Doubles Ranking on 22.03.2010 |publisher=Atpworldtour.com |accessdate=6 April 2013}}</ref> tae warld nummer 66, whauras he wis 241st afore Indian Wells.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Tennis/Players/Top-Players/Rafael-Nadal.aspx |title=Tennis – ATP World Tour – Tennis Players – Rafael Nadal |publisher=ATP World Tour |accessdate=6 June 2010}}</ref> Efter Indian Wells, Nadal reached the semifeenals o the [[2010 Sony Ericsson Open|Sony Ericsson Open]], whaur he lost tae eventual champion [[Andy Roddick]] in three sets.<ref>{{cite news | title=Roddick edges Nadal in three sets | date=3 April 2010 | publisher=ESPN News | url =http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/news/story?id=5050939 | agency=Associated Press | accessdate =5 April 2010}}</ref> Nadal reached the feenal o the [[Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters]] in Monaco, efter beatin fellae Spaniard [[David Ferrer]] in the semifeenals. This wis Nadal's first tour feenal syne [[Doha]] earlier in the year. He won the feenal in straucht sets ower his compatriot [[Fernando Verdasco]]. He lost 14 gemmes throughout aw five matches, the fewest he haed ever lost en route tae a championship, an the feenal wis the shortest Masters 1000 feenal in terms o gemmes. Wi this win, Nadal acame the first player in the open era tae win a tournament teetle for sax straucht years.<ref>{{cite news | title=Unstoppable Nadal Captures Sixth Straight Title | date=18 April 2010 | publisher=ATP World Tour | url =http://www.monte-carlorolexmasters.com/News/Tennis/2010/Tournament/Sunday-Singles-Final.aspx | work=James Buddell | accessdate =18 April 2010}}</ref> Unlik in previous years, Nadal next chose tae skip the Barcelona tournament (despite bein that event's five-time defendin champion), an his next tournament wis the [[2010 Internazionali BNL d'Italia]]. He defeatit Philipp Kohlschreiber, Victor Hănescu, an Stanlias Wawrinka, aw in straucht sets, tae win his 57th straucht match in Aprile. In the semis, he faced a resilient [[Ernests Gulbis]], who defeatit Roger Federer earlier in the tournament an teuk Nadal tae three sets for the first time this clay-court saison. Nadal eventually prevailed in 2 oors an 40minutes. He then defeatit compatriot [[David Ferrer]] in the feenal for his fift teetle at Rome tae equal [[Andre Agassi]]'s record o winnin 17 ATP Masters teetles. [[File:Nadal 2010 Madrid 01.jpg|thumb|left|Nadal at the [[2010 Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open]], Madrid, Spain]] Nadal then entered the [[2010 Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open]], whaur he haed finished runner-up the previous year. Bein ane o the tap aicht seeds, he received a bye in the first roond. In the seicont roond, he defeatit qualifier [[Oleksandr Dolgopolov, Jr.]] in straucht sets. He then played the sax-fit-nine-inch American [[John Isner]]. Nadal comfortably came throu in straucht sets. He defeatit [[Gaël Monfils]] in the quarterfeenals an his countryman [[Nicolás Almagro]] in the next roond, who wis playin in his first Masters 1000 semifeenal. The first set o his match against Almagro wad be juist the seicont set he lost on clay up tae this pynt in 2010. Nadal then defeatit longtime rival Roger Federer, avenging his 2009 feenals loss tae Federer. The win gae him his 18t Masters teetle, breaking the aw-time record. He acame the first player tae win aw three clay-court Masters teetles in a single year an the first player tae win three consecutive Masters events. Nadal moved back tae No. 2 the follaein day. Entering the [[2010 French Open|French Open]], mony war expecting anither Nadal-Federer feenal. Houiver, this acame impossible whan rival Robin Söderling defeatit Federer in the quarterfeenals.<ref>{{cite news | title=Soderling Stuns Federer For Semi-final Berth; Battle For No. 1 Intensifies | date=1 June 2010 | publisher=ATP World Tour | url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2010/05/Roland-Garros/Roland-Garros-Tuesday2-Soderling-Stuns-Federer.aspx | work=James Buddell | accessdate=6 June 2010}}</ref> The failure o Federer tae reach the semifeenals allowed Nadal tae regain the warld No. 1 ranking if he war tae win the tournament. Nadal advanced tae the feenal an defeatit Soderling. The win gae Nadal his seivent Grand Slam tournament teetle, tying him wi [[John McEnroe]], [[John Newcombe]], an [[Mats Wilander]] on the aw-time leet, an allaed Nadal tae reclaim the poseetion o warld No. 1, denyin his biggest rival [[Roger Federer]] the aw-time record for weeks at No. 1.<ref>{{cite news | title=Nadal Sets Up Soderling Re-Match; Bidding For Fifth Title & Return To No. 1 | date=4 June 2010 | publisher=ATP World Tour | url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2010/05/Roland-Garros/Roland-Garros-Friday-2-Nadal-Eyes-Fifth-Title.aspx | work=James Buddell | accessdate=6 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Nadal Reclaims No. 1 Ranking With Fifth Roland Garros Title | date=6 June 2010 | publisher=ATP World Tour | url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2010/05/Roland-Garros/Roland-Garros-Final-Nadal-Wins-Fifth-Title.aspx | work=ATP Staff | accessdate=6 June 2010}}</ref> Bi this win, Nadal acame the first man tae win the three Masters series on clay an the French Open. The veectory at Roland Garros merked the seicont time (2008) that Nadal haed won the French Open wioot dropping a single set (tying the record held bi Björn Borg). Wi the win in Paris he an aa booked his place at the [[2010 ATP World Tour Finals|World Tour Finals]] in Lunnon an acame the first player tae win five French Open teetles in sax years. In Juin, Nadal entered the [[AEGON Championships]], which he haed won in 2008, at the prestigious [[Queen's Club]]. He played singles an doubles at this grass court tournament as a warmup for Wimbledon. Bein ane o the tap aicht seeds, he received a bye in the first roond. In the seicont roond, whaur he played his first match on grass syne winning Wimbledon 2008, he defeatit [[Marcos Daniel]]. In the third roond, he played [[Denis Istomin]] o Uzbekistan, whom he defeatit tae advance tae the quarterfeenals. Houiver, he wis defeatit bi compatriot [[Feliciano López]]. At the [[2010 Wimbledon Championships|Wimbledon Championships]], Nadal beat [[Kei Nishikori]] an [[Robin Haase]] in the openin roonds. He defeatit [[Philipp Petzschner]] in the third roond, winning efter five sets o play. During his match wi Petzschner, Nadal wis warned twice for allegedly receivin coachin frae his coach an uncle, [[Toni Nadal]], resultin in a $2000 fine bi Wimbledon officials.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/wimbledon10/news/story?id=5337651|title=Nadal fined for receiving coaching|publisher=ESPN |agency=Associated Press|date=28 June 2010|accessdate=15 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Brooks|first=Xan|title=Wimbledon 2010: Rafael Nadal v Tomáš Berdych – as it happened|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2010/jul/04/wimbledon-2010-rafael-nadal-tomas-berdych|date=4 July 2010|accessdate=6 June 2010|location=London|work=The Guardian|quote=During the final match at Wimbledon 2010 between Nadal and Tomáš Berdych, someone, allegedly Toni Nadal, yelled "I love you, Rafa!"}}</ref> He defeatit [[Paul-Henri Mathieu]] o Fraunce in the roond o 16 an in the quarterfeenals, he beat Robin Söderling o Swaden in fower sets. He defeatit Andy Murray in straucht sets tae reach his fowert Wimbledon feenal. Nadal won the [[2010 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles|2010 Wimbledon men's title]] bi defeatin [[Tomáš Berdych]] in straucht sets. Efter the win, Nadal said that winning Wimbledon wis "more than a dream" for him, an thanked the crowd for bein baith kynd an supportive tae him an his adversary during the match an in the semifeenal against Andy Murray.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gkNZrTZDvv_4f2PAU2cXA-kRxarg|title=AFP: Nadal reclaims Wimbledon crown in style|last=Millard|first=Robin|date=4 July 2010|agency=Agence France-Presse|accessdate=4 July 2010|archive-date=2010-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707095210/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gkNZrTZDvv_4f2PAU2cXA-kRxarg|url-status=dead}}</ref> The win gae him a seicont Wimbledon teetle an an aicht career major teetle<ref name="BBC-8784861">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tennis/8784861.stm|title=Wimbledon 2010: Rafael Nadal beats Berdych in final|date=4 July 2010|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=4 July 2010|first=Piers|last=Newbery}}</ref> juist past the age o 24.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://thetennistimes.com/rafael-nadal-2010-wimbledon-champion/ | work=The Tennis Times | title=Tennis News: Nadal is Champion Again! | date=22 January 2010 | accessdate=22 May 2010 | archive-date=2010-07-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707023650/http://thetennistimes.com/rafael-nadal-2010-wimbledon-champion/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> The win an aa gae Nadal his first "Old World Triple"; the last person tae achieve this wis [[Björn Borg]] in 1978 ("Old World Triple" is a term gien tae winning the Italian Open, French Open, an Wimbledon in the same year). In his first haurd-court tournament syne Wimbledon, Nadal advanced tae the semifeenals o the [[Rogers Cup (tennis)|Rogers Cup]], alang wi No. 2 Novak Djokovic, No. 3 Roger Federer, an No. 4 Andy Murray, efter coming back frae a ane-set deficit tae defeat Philipp Kohlschreiber.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tennistalk.com/en/match_report/Rogers_Cup/2010/Rafael_Nadal_-_Philipp_Kohlschreiber|title=Nadal rallies to reach Rogers Cup semifinal|work=Tennis Talk|date=14 August 2010|accessdate=14 August 2010|archive-date=2010-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118103647/http://www.tennistalk.com/en/match_report/Rogers_Cup/2010/Rafael_Nadal_-_Philipp_Kohlschreiber|url-status=dead}}</ref> In the semifeenal, defendin champion Murray defeatit Nadal, acomin the anly player tae triumph ower the Spaniard twice in 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbssports.com/tennis/story/13761191/murray-upsets-nadal-in-rogers-cup-semifinal|title=Murray upsets Nadal in Rogers Cup semifinal|work=CBS Sports|date=14 August 2010|accessdate=14 August 2010|archive-date=2011-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911171111/http://www.cbssports.com/tennis/story/13761191/murray-upsets-nadal-in-rogers-cup-semifinal|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nadal an aa competit in the doubles wi Djokovic in a ane-time, heich-profile pairtnership o the warld No. 1 an No. 2, the first sic team syne the [[Jimmy Connors]] an [[Arthur Ashe]] team in 1976.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.tennisty.com/tennis-players-updates/nadal-and-djokovic-to-play-double-together/ |title=Nadal and Djokovic to play double together |publisher=News.tennisty.com |accessdate=11 December 2010 |archive-date=2011-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716210527/http://news.tennisty.com/tennis-players-updates/nadal-and-djokovic-to-play-double-together/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Houiver, Nadal an Djokovic lost in the first roond tae Canadians [[Milos Raonic]] an [[Vasek Pospisil]]. The next week, Nadal wis the tap seed at the [[Cincinnati Masters]], losin in the quarterfeenals tae 2006 Australian Open feenaleet [[Marcos Baghdatis]]. At the [[2010 US Open – Men's Singles|2010 US Open]], Nadal wis the tap seed for the seicont time in three years. He defeatit [[Teymuraz Gabashvili]], [[Denis Istomin]], [[Gilles Simon]], nummer 23 seed [[Feliciano López]], nummer 8 seed [[Fernando Verdasco]], an nummer 12 seed [[Mikhail Youzhny]] aw wioot dropping a set, tae reach his first US Open feenal, acomin anly the aicht man in the Open Era tae reach the feenal o aw fower majors, an at age 24 the seicont youngest ever tae dae sae, behind anly [[Jim Courier]]. In the feenal, he defeatit [[Novak Djokovic]], which completit the [[Grand Slam (tennis)#Career Grand Slam|Career Grand Slam]] for Nadal; he an aa acame the seicont male efter [[Andre Agassi]] tae complete a [[Career Golden Slam]].<ref name=goldenslam>{{cite news|url=http://www.tsn.ca/tennis/story/?id=333700|title=Nadal Captures U.S. Open To Complete Career Grand Slam|publisher=The Sports Network (TSN)|date=14 September 2010|accessdate=12 June 2012|quote=Nadal...also owns an Olympic gold medal, which makes him one of only two men to corral the career Golden Slam, with the great Agassi being the other.|archive-date=2013-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109202116/http://www.tsn.ca/tennis/story/?id=333700|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nadal's US Open veectory meant that he an aa acame the first man tae win majors on clay, grass, an haurd court in the same year, an the first tae win the French Open, Wimbledon, an the US Open in the same year syne [[Rod Laver]] in 1969. Nadal an [[Mats Wilander]] are the anly male players tae win at least twa Grand Slams each on clay, grass, an hardcourts in thair careers.<ref name=surface/> Nadal an aa acame the first left-handed man tae win the US Open syne [[John McEnroe]] in 1984.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/tennis/8992563.stm|title=Rafael Nadal wins US Open to seal career Grand Slam |date=14 September 2010|publisher=BBC Sport |accessdate=14 September 2010}}</ref> Nadal's veectory an aa clinched the [[Leet o ATP number 1 ranked players|year-end No. 1 ranking]] for 2010, makin Nadal anly the third player (efter [[Ivan Lendl]] in 1989 an Roger Federer in 2009) tae regain the year-end nummer ane ranking efter haein lost it.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2010/09/Other/Nadal-ATP-World-Tour-Champion.aspx |title=Nadal Clinches Year-End No. 1 For Second Time |publisher=Atpworldtour.com |date=16 September 2010 |accessdate=11 December 2010}}</ref> [[File:Rafa Nadal 7738 2 Japan Open Tennis Tokio 2010.jpg|thumb|upright|Nadal serving in Tokyo]] Nadal began his Asian tour at the [[2010 PTT Thailand Open]] in [[Bangkok]] whaur he reached the semifeenals, losin tae compatriot [[Guillermo García-López]]. Nadal wis able tae regroup, an at the [[2010 Rakuten Japan Open Tennis Championships]] in Tokyo (debut), he defeatit [[Santiago Giraldo]], [[Milos Raonic]], an [[Dmitry Tursunov]]. In the semifeenals against [[Viktor Troicki]], Nadal saved twa match pynts in the deciding set tiebreaker tae win it 9–7 in the end. In the feenal, Nadal comfortably defeatit [[Gaël Monfils]] for his seivent teetle o the saison. Nadal next played in the [[2010 Shanghai Rolex Masters]] in Shanghai, whaur he wis the tap seed, but lost tae warld No. 12 [[Jürgen Melzer]] in the third roond, snapping his record streak o 21 consecutive Masters quarterfeenals. On 5 November, Nadal annoonced that he wis pulling oot o the [[2010 BNP Paribas Masters|Paris Masters]] due tae tendinitis in his left shouder.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2010/11/Other/Nadal-Withdraws-From-Paris.aspx |title=Nadal withdraws from fatigue at the Paris |publisher=Atpworldtour.com |accessdate=11 December 2010}}</ref> On 21 November 2010, in Lunnon, Nadal won the [[ATP Warld Tour Awairds|Stefan Edberg Sportsmanship Awaird]] for the first time.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nadal wins Stefan Edberg Sportsmanship Award|date=20 November 2010|url=http://www.tennis.com/articles/templates/news.aspx?articleid=8843|publisher=Tennis.com (Associated Press)|accessdate=20 June 2012}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> At the [[2010 ATP Warld Tour Finals]] in Lunnon, Nadal defeatit Roddick<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/tennis/atptour/8152867/ATP-World-Tour-Finals-Rafael-Nadal-defeats-Andy-Roddick-in-nervy-encounter-at-Londons-O-Arena.html|title=ATP World Tour Finals: Rafael Nadal defeats Andy Roddick in nervy encounter at London's O² Arena |accessdate=22 November 2010}}</ref> in the first match, Djokovic in the seicont match, an Berdych in the third match, tae advance tae the semifeenals for the third time in his career. This wis the first time that Nadal achieved three wins in the roond-robin stage. In the semifeenal, he defeatit Murray in a haurd-focht match tae reach his first feenal at the tournament. In anly thair seicont meetin o the year, Federer beat Nadal in the feenal. Efter the match, Nadal stated, "Roger is probably the more complete player of the world. I'm not going to say I lost that match because I was tired." This wis a reference tae his marathon veectory ower Murray on Saturday. "I tried my best this afternoon, but Roger was simply better than me."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/i-tried-my-best-roger-was-better-me |title=Nadal after end of the ATP World Tour Finals final "I tried my best, but Roger was better than me" |publisher=Rafaelnadal.com |accessdate=11 December 2010 |archive-date=2010-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218024516/http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/i-tried-my-best-roger-was-better-me |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nadal ended the 2010 saison haein won three Grand Slams an three Masters 1000 tournaments, an haein regained the No. 1 ranking. Next up for Nadal wis a twa-match exhibition against Federer for the [[Roger Federer Foundation]]. The first match teuk place in [[Zürich]] on 21 December 2010, an the seicont in Madrid the next day. ===2011: Sixth French Open title=== {{Main|2011 Rafael Nadal tennis season}} Nadal stairtit 2011, bi pairteecipatin in the [[2011 Mubadala World Tennis Championship|Mubadala World Tennis Championship]] in [[Abu Dhabi]], Unitit Arab Emirates. He defeatit [[Tomáš Berdych]] tae reach his third feenal in the exhibition tournament. In the feenal, he won ower his main rival Roger Federer. At the [[2011 Qatar ExxonMobil Open|Qatar ExxonMobil Open]] ATP 250 event in [[Doha]], Qatar, Nadal barely struggled past his first three opponents, [[Karol Beck]], [[Lukáš Lacko]], an [[Ernests Gulbis]], citin fiver as the primary reason for his puir performance. He fell in straicht sets tae a resurgent [[Nikolay Davydenko]] in the semifeenals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.live-tennis.com/category/Tennis-News/Rafael-Nadal-struggles-with-fever-in-Doha-201101080008/|title=Rafael Nadal – Nadal struggles with fever in Doha|publisher=Live-tennis.com|date=8 January 2011|accessdate=3 June 2011|archive-date=2019-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402073346/https://www.live-tennis.com/category/tennis-news/rafael-nadal-struggles-with-fever-in-doha-201101080008/|url-status=dead}}</ref> He an countryman [[Marc López|López]] won the doubles teetle bi defeatin the Italian duo [[Daniele Bracciali]] an [[Andreas Seppi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/rafa-wins-doubles-will-delay-trip-australia|title=Rafa wins doubles will delay trip australia|work=The official nadal website|date=7 January 2011|accessdate=7 January 2011|archive-date=2012-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101031917/http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/rafa-wins-doubles-will-delay-trip-australia|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[File:Rafael Nadal at the 2011 Australian Open14.jpg|thumb|left|Nadal at the [[2011 Australian Open]]]] In the first roond o the [[2011 Australian Open|Australian Open]], Nadal defeatit [[Marcos Daniel]]. In the seicont roond, he beat upcoming qualifier [[Ryan Sweeting]]. In the third roond, he wis testit bi emergin player [[Bernard Tomic]] o Australie, but Nadal wis victorious in straucht sets. He went on tae defeat [[Marin Čilić]] o Croatie, in the fowert roond. He suffered an apparent hamstring injury against felloae Spaniard [[David Ferrer]] early in the pair's quarterfeenal match an ultimately lost in straicht sets, sicweys endin his effort tae win fower major tournaments in a row.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gleeson|first=Michael|title=Rafa slammed: run at history falls short as Ferrer KOs ailing ace|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=27 January 2011|url=http://www.smh.com.au/sport/australian-open/rafa-slammed-run-at-history-falls-short-as-ferrer-kos-ailing-ace-20110126-1a5hr.html|accessdate=27 January 2011}}</ref> On 7 Februar 2011, in [[Abu Dhabi]], Unitit Arab Emirates, Nadal won the [[Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year|Laureus World Sportsman of the Year]] for the first time, ahead o footballer [[Lionel Messi]], [[Sebastian Vettel]], Spain's [[Andres Iniesta]], [[Los Angeles Lakers|Lakers]] basketball player [[Kobe Bryant]], an [[Filipino people|Filipino]] boxer [[Manny Pacquiao]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Nadal, Vonn win top Laureus awards|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SPORT/02/08/laureus.nadal.vonn.awards/index.html|date=8 February 2011|accessdate=20 June 2012|publisher=CNN|archive-date=2018-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924191932/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/SPORT/02/08/laureus.nadal.vonn.awards/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In Mairch, Nadal helped Spain defeat Belgium in a [[2011 Davis Cup World Group]] first-roond tie on haurd indoor courts in the [[Spiroudome]] in [[Charleroi]], Belgium. Nadal defeatit [[Ruben Bemelmans]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Rafael Nadal Wins in Davis Cup in Belgium, Gives Spain Lead|date=4 March 2011|url=http://latiNo.foxnews.com/latino/sports/2011/03/04/rafael-nadal-wins-davis-cup-belgium-gives-spain-lead/|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=4 March 2011|publisher=Fox News Channel|archive-date=2011-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110307092454/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/sports/2011/03/04/rafael-nadal-wins-davis-cup-belgium-gives-spain-lead/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Efter Spain's veectory in three matches, Nadal won a seicont dead rubber against [[Olivier Rochus]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Rafael Nadal Wins Second Match in Davis Cup, Helps Spain Dominate Belgium|date=6 March 2011|url=http://latiNo.foxnews.com/latino/sports/2011/03/07/rafael-nadal-wins-second-match-davis-cup-helps-spain-dominate-belgium/|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=6 March 2011|publisher=Fox News Channel|archive-date=2013-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812205953/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/sports/2011/03/07/rafael-nadal-wins-second-match-davis-cup-helps-spain-dominate-belgium/|url-status=dead}}</ref> At the [[2011 BNP Paribas Open]] in [[Indian Wells, California|Indian Wells]], Nadal defeatit upcoming qualifier [[Rik de Voest]] in his first match. In the third roond, he beat qualifier Ryan Sweeting He then defeatit qualifier [[Somdev Devvarman]] in the fowert roond. In the quarterfeenals, Nadal haed a haurd time against Croatian [[Ivo Karlović]], an in the semifeenals he met Juan Martín del Potro. The last three confrontations atween the players war in favor o del Potro, but despite some difficulties, Nadal won in straucht sets. He reached his third feenal at Indian Wells, an lost against Novak Djokovic.<ref>{{cite news|title=Djokovic beats Nadal to win BNP Paribas Open|date=20 March 2011|url=http://sports.yahoo.com/tennis/news?slug=ap-indianwells|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=20 March 2011|archive-date=2012-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311063523/http://sports.yahoo.com/tennis/news?slug=ap-indianwells|url-status=dead}}</ref> The next day, Nadal an Djokovic played a friendly match in [[Bogotá]], Colombia, which Nadal won.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nadal beats Djokovic in Colombia's most important tennis match ever|date=21 March 2011|url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/sports/15046-nadal-beats-djokovic-in-colombias-most-important-tennis-match-ever.html|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=21 March 2011|archive-date=2011-03-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325082047/http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/sports/15046-nadal-beats-djokovic-in-colombias-most-important-tennis-match-ever.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nadal stairtit the [[2011 Sony Ericsson Open]] wi a win ower [[Kei Nishikori]] then met his compatriot [[Feliciano López]] in the third roond, whom he defeatit. In the fowert roond, he defeatit [[Alexandr Dolgopolov]]. In the quarterfeenals, Nadal haed the first real test o the tournament whan he met the warld No. 7 Tomáš Berdych, who he defeatit in three sets. In the semifeenals, Nadal met his main rival Roger Federer, thair first meetin in a semifeenal syne the [[2007 Tennis Masters Cup|2007 Masters Cup]]. Nadal won in straucht sets. For the seicont time in twa weeks, Nadal faced Novak Djokovic in the feenal. As in the Indian Wells tournament, Nadal won the first set, an Djokovic the seicont. The third set ended in a tiebreak, wi Djokovic winning.<ref>{{cite news|title=HARD FINAL IN MIAMI|date=4 April 2011|url =http://rafaelnadal.com/content/hard-final-miami|agency=Associated Press|accessdate =4 April 2011 }}{{dead link|date=June 2011}}</ref> This wis the first time Nadal reached the feenals o Indian Wells an Miami in the same year. Nadal began his clay-court saison bi winning the [[2011 Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters]] wi the loss o juist ane set. Nadal defeatit [[Jarkko Nieminen]], [[Richard Gasquet]], [[Ivan Ljubičić]], an Andy Murray tae reach his seivent consecutive feenal in Monte Carlo. In the feenal, Nadal avenged his defeat bi David Ferrer in the quarterfeenals o the [[2011 Australian Open]]. He acame the first man tae win the same tournament seiven times in a row at the ATP level in the open era.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nadal won seven tournaments in a row at the ATP|date=17 April 2011|url=http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/nadal-wins-7th-straight-montecarlo-title|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=17 April 2011|archive-date=2012-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101024426/http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/nadal-wins-7th-straight-montecarlo-title|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nadal chalked up his 37th straucht win at the clay-court event, whaur he haes nae lost syne the [[2003 Monte Carlo Masters]]. It wis his 44th career teetle an 19t at a Masters event.<ref>{{cite news|title=The last loss in Monte Carlo was in 2003|date=17 April 2011|url=http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/nadal-wins-7th-straight-montecarlo-title|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=17 April 2011|archive-date=2012-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101024426/http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/nadal-wins-7th-straight-montecarlo-title|url-status=dead}}</ref> It wis his first teetle syne winning the Japan Open. Nadal shares third place wi [[Björn Borg]] an [[Manuel Orantes]] in the leet o players wi the maist teetles on clay.<ref>{{cite news|title=NADAL WINS 7TH STRAIGHT MONTECARLO TITLE|date=17 April 2011|url=http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/nadal-wins-7th-straight-montecarlo-title|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=17 April 2011|archive-date=2012-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101024426/http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/nadal-wins-7th-straight-montecarlo-title|url-status=dead}}</ref> Juist a week later, Nadal won his saxt Barcelona Open crown, winning the [[2011 Barcelona Open Banco Sabadell]] feenal against Ferrer in straucht sets. In daein sae, Nadal acame the first man in the open era tae hae won twa tournaments at least sax times each. Nadal wis then the leader in terms o matches won in the year, wi 29. He did nae gain ony pynts for this veectory, houiver, as anly fower ATP 500 tournaments can be countit towards a players ranking at ane time, but thay will gang intae effect 8 August 2011, whan the result o the [[2010 Legg Mason Tennis Classic]] expires.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Tennis/Players/Top-Players/Rafael-Nadal.aspx?t=rb|title=Ranking Breakdown Rafael Nadal|date = 9 June 2011|work= ATP Worldtour|accessdate=9 June 2011}}</ref> At the [[2011 Mutua Madrid Open]] in Mey, he defeatit [[Marcos Baghdatis]], haed a walkover against [[Juan Martín del Potro]], an defeatit [[Michaël Llodra]] an Roger Federer, afore losin the feenal tae Novak Djokovic in twa sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/09/sports/tennis/09madrid.html|title=Djokovic Tops Nadal in Another Final|date= 8 May 2011|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=7 June 2011}}</ref> Nadal again lost in straucht sets tae Novak Djokovic in the [[2011 Internazionali BNL d'Italia|Rome Masters final]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2011/may/15/novak-djokovic-rafael-nadal-rome|title=Novak Djokovic rolls on with defeat of Rafael Nadal in Rome final|date= 15 May 2011|work=The Guardian|accessdate=7 June 2011|location=London|first=Kevin|last=Mitchell}}</ref> This merked the first time that Nadal haes lost twice on clay tae the same player in a single saison.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/tennis/2011-05-15-italian-open_N.htm|title=Djokovic beats Nadal in Rome in French Open warm-up|date= 17 May 2011|work=USA Today|accessdate=7 June 2011}}</ref> Houiver, Nadal retained his No. 1 rankin during the clay-coort saison an won his saxt French Open teetle bi defeatin Roger Federer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/french11/news/story?id=6628276|title=Rafael Nadal wins sixth French Open|date= 6 June 2011|publisher=ESPN|accessdate=7 June 2011}}</ref> During the first three roonds o Wimbledon, Nadal beat [[Michael Craig Russell|Michael Russell]], Ryan Sweeting, an [[Gilles Müller]]. He then faced Juan Martín del Potro in the fowert roond an [[Mardy Fish]] in the quarterfeenals, defeatin baith players in fower sets. His semifeenal opponent wis warld No. 4 Andy Murray. Nadal lost the first set, then won the next three. This set up a feenal against warld No. 2 Novak Djokovic, who haed beaten Nadal in aw fower o thair matches in 2011 (aw in Masters feenals). Efter dropping the third set, Djokovic defeatit Nadal in the fowert. This wis the first Grand Slam tournament feenal that Nadal haed lost tae someone ither than Roger Federer an his first loss at Wimbledon syne his five-set loss tae Federer in the 2007 feenal. The loss ended Nadal's winning streak in Grand Slam feenals at seiven, preventin him frae tying the Open-Era record o aicht victories in a row set bi [[Pete Sampras]]. Djokovic's success at the tournament an aa meant that the Serb ascended tae warld No. 1 for the first time, breaking the dominance o Federer an Nadal on the poseetion, which ane o them haed held for every week syne 2 Februar 2004. Nadal fell tae warld No. 2 in the rankings for the first time syne Juin 2010. Efter restin for a month frae a fit injury sustained during Wimbledon, he contestit the [[2011 Rogers Cup]], whaur he wis shocked bi Croatian [[Ivan Dodig]] in a third-set tiebreak. He next played in the [[2011 Western & Southern Open – Men's Singles|2011 Cincinnati Masters]], whaur he lost tae [[Mardy Fish]] in the quarterfeenals. At the [[2011 US Open – Men's Singles|2011 US Open]], Nadal defeatit [[Andrey Golubev]] in straicht sets an advanced tae the third roond efter Frenchman [[Nicolas Mahut]] retired. Efter defeatin [[David Nalbandian]] on 4 September, Nadal collapsed in his post-match press conference due tae severe cramps.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/14783093.stm | publisher=BBC News | title=Nadal collapses in front of media | date=4 September 2011}}</ref> Nadal lost tae Novak Djokovic in the feenal in fower sets. Efter the US Open, Nadal made the feenal o the [[Japan Open Tennis Championships]]. Nadal, who wis the 2010 champion, wis defeatit bi Andy Murray. At the [[Shanghai Masters]], Nadal wis tap seed wi the absence o Novak Djokovic, but wis upset in the third roond bi No. 23 ranked [[Florian Mayer]] in straucht sets. At the [[2011 ATP World Tour Finals]], Nadal wis defeatit bi Roger Federer in the roond-robin stage, in ane o the quickest matches atween the twa, lasting juist 60 minutes. In the follaein match, Nadal wis defeatit bi Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, an wis eliminatit frae the tournament. In the Davis Cup feenal in December, Nadal haed a quick straucht-set win ower [[Juan Mónaco]] in his first match. In his seicont match against Juan Martín del Potro, Nadal did nae win a single service gemme in the first set but came back tae win the match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.daviscup.com/en/home.aspx |title=Davis Cup site |publisher=Daviscup.com |accessdate=8 June 2012}}</ref> Nadal ended his tennis saison wi the [[2011 Mubadala World Tennis Championship (December)|Mubadala World Tennis Championship]], an exhibeetion tournament nae affiliatit wi the ATP. The tournament, normally held in early Januar, wis held frae 29 tae 31 December 2011. Nadal haed a bye intae the semifeenals an played against David Ferrer, who defeatit Jo-Wilfried Tsonga in the quarterfeenals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mubadalawtc.com/NewsDetails/11-12-28/LEGENDS_LOOK_FORWARD_TO_MUBADALA_WORLD_TENNIS_CHAMPIONSHIP_FOR_THE_START_OF_GLOBAL_TENNIS_SEASON.aspx|title=Legends Look Forward to Mubadala World Tennis Championship for the Start of Global Tennis Season|date=28 December 2011}}{{dead link|date=January 2012}}</ref> Ferrer won the match in straucht sets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mubadalawtc.com/NewsDetails/11-12-30/DJOKOVIC_DOMINATES_TO_SECURE_PLACE_IN_FINAL_AGAINST_IMPRESSIVE_FERRER.aspx|title=Djokovic dominates to secure place in final against impressive Ferrer|date=30 December 2011|access-date=2015-06-03|archive-date=2012-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114134639/http://www.mubadalawtc.com/NewsDetails/11-12-30/DJOKOVIC_DOMINATES_TO_SECURE_PLACE_IN_FINAL_AGAINST_IMPRESSIVE_FERRER.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nadal wis then relegatit tae the third place match against Roger Federer. Nadal won in straucht sets. ===2012: Seventh French Open title=== {{Main|2012 Rafael Nadal tennis season}} [[File:Nadal Monte Carlo 2012.JPG|thumb|right|Nadal during the finals of the Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters]] Nadal began his ATP World Tour saison at the [[2012 Qatar Open|Qatar Open]]. He beat [[Philipp Kohlschreiber]] an qualifier [[Denis Gremelmayr]] in roonds ane an twa an then won against seivent-seedit [[Mikhail Youzhny]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.yahoo.com/tennis/news?slug=reu-mendoha|title=Federer and Nadal stay on course for final showdown|publisher=Yahoo Sports|date=5 January 2012}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In the semifeenal he lost tae Gaël Monfils in twa sets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.yahoo.com/ten/news?slug=ap-qataropen|title=Monfils tops Nadal, faces Tsonga in final|date=6 January 2012|publisher=Yahoo Sports|access-date=2015-06-03|archive-date=2003-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030213071930/http://sports.yahoo.com/ten/news?slug=ap-qataropen|url-status=dead}}{{failed verification|date=April 2012}}</ref> In the [[2012 Australian Open|Australian Open]] Nadal began the tournament bi breezing past qualifier [[Alex Kuznetsov]] o Unitit States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.yahoo.com/ten/news?slug=ap-australianopen-nadal|title=Nadal eases to 1st-round win at Australian Open|date=16 January 2012|publisher=Yahoo Sports}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The seicont roond against [[Tommy Haas]], who haes never won a set against Rafael, wis tighter, but Nadal again advanced in three straucht sets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.yahoo.com/ten/news?slug=afp-tennis_aus_open_men_20120118|title=Nadal beats Haas as Federer puts feet up at Aussie Open|date=18 January 2012|publisher=Yahoo Sports}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He defeatit Feliciano López in the fowert roond, then won in his quarterfeenal an semifeenal matches against Tomáš Berdych an Roger Federer respectively. Bi daein sae, he haes reached the feenals o aw fower majors consecutively. In the feenal, on 29 Januar, he wis beaten bi Novak Djokovic in a five-set match that lastit 5 oors an 53 minutes, the langest ever match for a Grand Slam teetle. The pair set a new warld record, breaking the latest langest major singles feenal atween Mats Wilander an Ivan Lendl, which lastit 4 oors an 54 minutes, at the US Open in 1988.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/tennis/aus12/story/_/id/7515950/2012-australian-open-novak-djokovic-outlasts-rafael-nadal-longest-grand-slam-final|title=Longest Men's Singles Championship Final|date=30 January 2012|publisher=ESPN Sports}}</ref> Nadal made it tae the semifeenals in [[2012 BNP Paribas Open|Indian Wells]], whaur he wis beaten in straucht sets bi eventual champion Roger Federer. He an aa made the semifeenals in [[Sony Ericsson Open|Miami]], but widrew acause o knee problems. As the clay court saison stairtit, Nadal wis seedit 2nt at the [[2012 Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters]]. He defeatit Jarkko Nieminen, Mikhael Kukushkin, [[Stanislas Wawrinka]], an [[Gilles Simon]] afore topping warld No. 1 Novak Djokovic tae win his 8t consecutive Monte Carlo trophy. This ended a streak o seiven straucht feenal losses tae Djokovic, which began at the 2011 Indian Wells Masters feenal. A day efter the Monte Carlo Masters Final, Nadal traveled tae Barcelona whaur he received a bye in the first roond. His tremendous record on clay continued as he beat compatriot David Ferrer in a haurd focht feenal tae clinch his seivent teetle in aicht years at the Barcelona Open. The [[Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open]] did nae gang very well for Nadal. He beat Nikolay Davydenko, ane o the few players tae haud a positive heid tae heid record ower Nadal, in straucht sets. He then lost tae [[Fernando Verdasco]], who he held a 13–0 record against in the third roond 7–5 in the third, efter blowing a 4–0 feenal set lead. Nadal statit that he wis very unhappy wi the new blue-coloured clay an threatened nae tae attend in the future if the surface wis nae changed back tae red clay. Several ither players (sic as Novak Djokovic) voiced seemilar criticism.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.incyprus.com.cy/en-gb/tennis/4172/27612/stars-not-happy-with-madrid |title=Stars not happy with Madrid |publisher=Incyprus.com.cy |date=11 May 2012 |accessdate=24 November 2012 |archive-date=2013-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825034412/http://www.incyprus.com.cy/en-gb/tennis/4172/27612/stars-not-happy-with-madrid |url-status=dead }}</ref> In the last tournament afore the French Open, Nadal went tae the Internazionali BNL d'Italia in Rome. He advanced tae his 7t feenal efter defeatin Florian Mayer, Marcel Granollers, Tomáš Berdych, an David Ferrer aw in straucht sets, setting up anither feenals showdown wi World nummer ane Novak Djokovic. Nadal defeatit Djokovic in a tight straucht sets encounter. This wis his seicont veectory ower Novak Djokovic in 2012 an his third teetle o the saison, as well as his 6t Rome teetle overall. At the [[2012 French Open]], Nadal dropped anly 30 gemmes against his first five opponents, wioot losin a set. In the semifeenal he faced a friend an compatriot in David Ferrer. Unlik thair previous twa encounters in Barcelona an Rome, Nadal showed awmaist no flaws, dismantling Ferrer tae set up anither championship teetle fecht wi warld No. 1 Novak Djokovic. This merked the first time whaur twa opposing players faced ilk ither in fower consecutive Grand Slam tournament feenals. Thay an aa acame the anly players tae hae faced the same opponent in the feenals o aw fower Majors. Nadal won the first twa sets afore Djokovic claimed the third. Play wis suspended in the fowert set due tae rain. When the match resumed the follaein day, Nadal won whan Djokovic dooble faultit on match pynt, sealing a record 7t Roland Garros teetle for Nadal.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://ca.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idCABRE85A0LW20120611?pageNumber=2&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true|title=Nadal wins record seventh French Open|agency=Reuters|first=Toby|last=Davis|date=11 June 2012|accessdate=11 June 2012|archive-date=2013-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105222136/http://ca.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idCABRE85A0LW20120611?pageNumber=2&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true|url-status=dead}}</ref> Throughout the tournament, Nadal lost anly ane set, occurring in the feenal. Bi winning his seivent teetle<ref>{{cite news|url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/tennis/french-open-2012/top-stories/Rafael-Nadal-beats-Novak-Djokovic-to-win-record-seventh-French-Open-title/articleshow/14026658.cms|title=Rafael Nadal beats Novak Djokovic to win record seventh French Open title|date=11 June 2012 | work=The Times of India}}</ref> at Roland Garros, Nadal surpassed Borg's overall teetles record<ref name=RG7>{{cite news|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2012/06/23/Roland-Garros-Final-Nadal-Beats-Djokovic-To-Make-History.aspx|title=Nadal Tops Djokovic To Break Borg's Paris Record|publisher=ATP World Tour|date=11 June 2012|accessdate=11 June 2012}}</ref> tae acome the maist successfu tennis player in French Open history.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/18395750|title=Rafael Nadal beats Novak Djokovic to win seventh French Open|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Mike|last=Henson|date=11 June 2012|accessdate=11 June 2012}}</ref> Nadal anly lost a tot o three sets in the 2012 clay court saison. In his first grass court tournament o the saison at [[2012 Gerry Weber Open – Singles|Halle]], Nadal advanced tae quarterfeenals, whaur he lost tae Philipp Kohlschreiber.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/tennis/top-stories/Rafael-Nadal-bombs-out-in-quarterfinals-at-Halle/articleshow/14152923.cms|title= Rafael Nadal bombs out in quarterfinals at Halle|date=15 June 2012 | work=The Times of India}}</ref> At [[2012 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles|Wimbledon]], Nadal beat [[Thomaz Bellucci]] in the first roond. He then met [[Lukáš Rosol]] in the seicont roond, a player who wis then ranked 100th in the warld an haed never advanced beyond the first qualifying roond in his five previous Wimbledons. In ane o the biggest upsets in Grand Slam history, Rosol defeatit Nadal in five sets. This wis the first time syne the [[2005 Wimbledon Championships|Wimbledon 2005]] championships that Nadal haed failed tae progress past the 2nt roond o a Grand Slam tournament.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rafael Nadal falls to shock Wimbledon defeat by Lukas Rosol|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/18627648|accessdate=28 June 2012|publisher=BBC News|date=28 June 2012}}</ref> In Julie 2012, Nadal widrew frae the 2012 Olympics due tae [[tendinitis]] in his knee, which subsequently an aa led tae him pulling oot o baith the Rogers Cup an Cincinnati Masters. On 15 August, Nadal annoonced his widrawal frae the US Open in New York, as he felt he still wis nae healthy eneuch tae compete.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/354475/Rafa-Nadal-withdraws-from-Paris-and-London-tournaments|title= Nadal withdraws from Paris and London tournaments|accessdate=26 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/news/tennis/2012/07/features/london-olympics-nadal-pulls-out-with-injury.aspx|title=Reigning Champion Nadal Withdraws From London Olympics|accessdate=19 July 2012}}</ref> On 11 September 2012, Nadal fell tae a warld No. 4 ranking, his lowest syne 2010, as 2012 US Open winner Andy Murray climbed tae No. 3.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.livetennisguide.com/2012/09/11/rafael-nadal-falls-as-andy-murray-climbs-in-atp-rankings/ |title=Rafael Nadal falls, as Andy Murray climbs in ATP Rankings |publisher=Livetennisguide.com |accessdate=24 November 2012 |archive-date=2017-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803171825/http://www.livetennisguide.com/2012/09/11/rafael-nadal-falls-as-andy-murray-climbs-in-atp-rankings/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nadal ended 2012 ranked No. 4 in the warld, the first time in aicht years that he haes nae been ranked 1st or 2nt at the end o the year. ===2013: Eighth French Open, second US Open title, return to No. 1=== {{Main|2013 Rafael Nadal tennis season}} Twa weeks prior tae the [[2013 Australian Open]], Nadal offeecially widrew frae the tournament citing a painch virus.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://espn.go.com/tennis/story/_/id/8786752/rafael-nadal-pulls-australian-open-due-virus | title=Rafael Nadal out of Aussie Open | publisher=ESPN | date=28 December 2012 | accessdate=29 December 2012}}</ref> Nadal's widrawal subsequently saw him drop oot o the ATP's Tap Four for the first time syne 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2013-01-28/nadal-out-of-top-four-serena-williams-rises-on-rankings |title=Nadal Out of Top Four, Serena Williams Rises on Rankings |date=28 January 2013 |work=Business Week}}</ref> Playin in his first tournaments in South Americae syne 2005, Nadal made his comeback at the Latin American [[Golden Swing]], stairtin his 2013 saison at the [[2013 VTR Open]] in Chile,<ref>{{cite web|last=Clarke|first=Patrice|title=Rafael Nadal Smart to Make Long-Awaited Return on Clay at 2013 ATP VTR Open|url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1506335-rafael-nadal-smart-to-make-long-awaited-return-on-clay-at-2013-atp-vtr-open|publisher=Bleacher Report|accessdate=1 February 2013}}</ref> whaur he advanced tae the feenal wioot dropping a set but wis beaten bi Argentine warld No. 73 journeyman [[Horacio Zeballos]]. He an aa lost in the doubles feenal (wi Juan Mónaco). At the [[2013 Brasil Open]], at [[São Paulo]], Nadal struggled in the openin roonds, dropping sets tae Berlocq an qualifier Alund. Despite the poor clay surface, which wis the subject o player complaints, he reached the feenal, whaur he defeatit David Nalbandian.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/21036474| title=Rafael Nadal to make comeback from knee injury at Brazil Open | work=BBC Sport | date=15 January 2013 | accessdate=27 January 2013}}</ref> In the teetle match o the [[2013 Abierto Mexicano Telcel]] in Acapulco, Nadal defeatit warld No. 4 David Ferrer, losin juist twa gemmes in the match. Nadal then returned tae the American haurd courts efter a year, playin the [[2013 BNP Paribas Open – Men's Singles|Indian Wells Masters]] as the fift seed. He lost anly ane set, an defeatit warld No. 2 [[Roger Federer]] an warld No. 6 [[Tomáš Berdych]] in the matches leadin up tae the feenal. Nadal recovered frae bein ane set doun in the feenal, tae defeat Juan Martín del Potro. This wis his third Indian Wells Masters teetle an his first hardcourt teetle syne October 2010, an made Nadal the player wi the maist Masters 1000s wins. Efter widrawing frae Miami, Nadal attemptit tae defend his teetle at the [[2013 Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters]], but, despite reachin the feenal for the ninth consecutive year, he wis beaten bi Djokovic in straucht sets. He then won at the [[2013 Barcelona Open Banco Sabadell]] ower Almagro, in straucht sets. This wis his 8t veectory thare, makin him the first man tae win twa different tournaments aicht or mair times each. It wis an aa his fowert teetle o the saison, an his saxt consecutive feenal. Nadal won his 23rd ATP Masters 1000 tournament at the [[2013 Mutua Madrid Open]], beatin Wawrinka, despite previously haein been twa pynts frae defeat in his quarterfeenal against David Ferrer. The blue clay that haed troubled him the previous year thare haed been exchanged for the traditional red clay. In Mey, he won his record 24t Masters 1000 teetle, beatin Roger Federer for his 7t championship at the [[2013 Rome Masters]]. It wis his 6t teetle o the saison an his aicht consecutive feenal. Thir victories raised his ranking tae warld No. 4. Nadal won the [[2013 French Open]] efter beatin Djokovic in the [[Big Four (tennis)#2013 French Open semifinal|semifinal]] an Ferrer in the feenal. His match wi Djokovic wis widely considered ane o the greatest clay court matches ever played, as Nadal came back frae doun a break in the fift set tae tak oot a haurd-focht 4-oor, 37-minute veectory. Houiver, acause o the nuances o how rankings are calculatit (includin an improvement in performance bi the then warld No. 5 David Ferrer at the French Open), Nadal's warld ranking dropped frae No. 4 tae No. 5, wi Ferrer replacing him at No. 4. Nadal then lost his first-roond match at the [[2013 Wimbledon Championships]] in straucht sets tae unseedit Belgian [[Steve Darcis]] (ranked No. 135), makin it the seicont time in a row he failed tae reach the third roond at Wimbledon an the first ever time Nadal haed lost in the first roond o a Grand Slam. Darcis is the lowest-ranked player ever tae beat Nadal in a Grand Slam tournament. In August 2013, Nadal won the semifeenal match in Montreal, denying Djokovic his fowert [[Canadian Open (tennis)|Rogers Cup]] teetle.<ref name="CO2013">{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2013/08/32/Montreal-Saturday-Djokovic-Nadal.aspx |title=Nadal Edges Djokovic In Montreal Thriller, Faces Raonic in Final |publisher=ATP World Tour |date=30 September 2011 |accessdate=31 July 2014}}</ref> Nadal proceeded tae win the teetle efter beatin [[Milos Raonic]] in the feenal in straucht sets. This wis Nadal's 25t Masters 1000 teetle an third teetle at the Canadian Open.<ref name="TGaM">{{cite web|author=Canada |url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/more-sports/rafael-nadal-dominates-milos-raonic-in-rogers-cup-final/article13704194/ |title=Rafael Nadal dominates Milos Raonic in Rogers Cup final |publisher=Theglobeandmail.com |date=11 August 2013 |accessdate=31 July 2014}}</ref> He won his 26t ATP Masters 1000 in Cincinnati on Sunday 18 August efter beatin [[John Isner]] in the feenal.<ref name="ESPN Cinc"/> Nadal concluded a brilliant North American haurd court saison wi his 4t haurd court teetle o the year, defeatin Djokovic at the [[2013 US Open (tennis)|2013 US Open]] feenal in fower sets, bringin his Slam count tae 13 an giein Nadal a male tennis record paycheck o $3.6 million.<ref>{{cite web |last=Newbery |first=Piers |title=Rafael Nadal beats Novak Djokovic to win second US Open title |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/24027678 |work=BBC Sport |date=10 September 2013 |accessdate=19 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Not the real prizemoney: Rafael Nadal and Serena Williams lament tax impact on record purse |url=http://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/not-the-real-prizemoney-rafael-nadal-and-serena-williams-lament-tax-impact-on-record-purse-20130910-2thqc.html |accessdate=19 July 2014 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=10 September 2013}}</ref> Later in September, Nadal helped Spain secure thair Davis Cup World Group Playoff spot for 2014, wi a veectory against Sergiy Stakhovsky an a doubles win wi Marc Lopez. In October, he reached the feenal o the [[China Open (tennis)|China Open]], guaranteeing he wad acome warld nummer ane for the third time efter losin it in Julie 2011.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rafael Nadal reaches China Open final to become world number one |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/24409808 |work=BBC Sport |date=5 October 2013 |accessdate=10 June 2014}}</ref> In the feenal, he wis beaten bi Djokovic in straucht sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Novak Djokovic beats Rafael Nadal in China Open final |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/24418035 |work=BBC Sport |date=6 October 2013 |accessdate=10 June 2014}}</ref> At the [[2013 Shanghai Rolex Masters]], Nadal reached the semi-feenals but wis defeatit bi Del Potro. In November 2013, Nadal played his feenal event o the saison in Lunnon at the [[2013 ATP Warld Tour Finals]] whaur he secured the year end Warld Nummer Ane spot. Nadal beat David Ferrer, Stanislas Wawrinka an Tomáš Berdych in the Roond Robin stage tae set up a semi feenal an veectory ower Roger Federer. Nadal met Djokovic in the feenal, losin in straicht sets. ===2014: Ninth French Open title & struggles with form=== {{Main|2014 Rafael Nadal tennis season}} [[File:IBI14 Rafa Nadal.jpg|thumb|Nadal during a press conference at the [[2014 Internazionali BNL d'Italia]]]] Rafael Nadal began his 2014 saison at the [[2014 Qatar ExxonMobil Open – Singles|Qatar Open]] in Doha, defeatin [[Lukáš Rosol]] in the first roond<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-01-01/nadal-evens-the-ledger-against-rosol-in-doha/5180650?section=sport Rafael Nadal beats Czech Republic player Lukas Rosol to advance to second round of Qatar Open], ''ABC Grandstand Sport (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)'', 1 January 2014</ref> an he won the teetle efter defeatin [[Gaël Monfils]] in the feenal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rafael Nadal beats Gael Monfils to win Qatar title |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/25606655 |accessdate=19 July 2014 |work=BBC Sport |date=4 January 2014}}</ref> It wis annoonced in Februar 2014 that "After compiling one of the greatest comeback seasons on the ATP World Tour in 2013, World No. 1 Rafael Nadal is a contender to be nominated for the Laureus World Comeback of the Year Award."<ref>{{cite news | title = Nadal a Possible Nominee for Laureus Award | url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2014/02/8/Nadal-Laureus-Nomination.aspx | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222171023/http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2014/02/8/Nadal-Laureus-Nomination.aspx | archivedate = 22 February 2014 | publisher = ATP | accessdate = 22 February 2014 }}</ref> At the [[2014 Australian Open - Men's Singles|Australian Open]], he defeatit [[Roger Federer]] tae reach his third Australian Open feenal, improving his career record against Federer tae 23–10. This merked Nadal's 11t consecutive veectory in a Major semifeenal (seicont anly tae Borg's aw-time record o 14), an advanced him tae his 19t Major feenal, tyin him wi Lendl for seicont aw-time behind Federer's 24. It an aa merked Nadal's saxt consecutive veectory ower Federer in a Major. In the feenal, he faced [[Stanislas Wawrinka]], against whom he entered the match wi a 12-0 record, haein won aw o thair previous 26 sets. Efter losin the first set, Nadal suffered a back injury doun 2-0 in the seicont set, an awtho he won a set, he lost the match in fower sets. The first tournament he played efter that wis the inaugural [[2014 Rio Open – Men's Singles|Rio Open]] which he won efter defeatin [[Alexandr Dolgopolov]] in the feenal extendin his record o ATP 500 teetles tae 15. Houiver, at the [[2014 BNP Paribas Open – Men's Singles|Indian Wells Masters]], Dolgopolov wad avenge his loss, defeatin Nadal in three sets in the third roond. He reached the feenal o the [[2014 Sony Open Tennis – Men's Singles|Miami Masters]] afore fawin tae [[Novak Djokovic]] in straucht sets. Nadal began his clay court saison wi a quarterfeenal loss tae [[David Ferrer]] in the [[2014 Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters – Singles|Monte-Carlo Masters]]. He wis stunned bi [[Nicolas Almagro]] in the quarterfeenals o the [[2014 Barcelona Open Banc Sabadell – Singles|Barcelona Open]]. Nadal won the [[2014 Mutua Madrid Open – Men's Singles|Madrid Open]] efter [[Kei Nishikori]] retired in the third set.<ref name="bbc.co.uk"/> On 8 Juin 2014, Nadal defeatit Novak Djokovic in the Men's Singles [[2014 French Open – Men's Singles|French Open final]] tae win his 9t French Open teetle an a 5t straicht win at Roland Garros. Nadal dropped the first set but came back in the gemme tae win the next three sets tae lift the trophy. Nadal equaled Pete Sampras' tot o 14 Grand Slam wins, the seicont heichest nummer o single [[Leet o Grand Slam men's singles champions|Grand Slam titles]] efter Roger Federer.<ref name="2014 French open">{{cite news |last1=Newbery |first1=Piers |title=Rafael Nadal beats Novak Djokovic to win ninth French Open title |url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/tennis/27753534 |date=8 June 2014 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Nadal lost in the seicont roond o the [[2014 Gerry Weber Open – Singles|Halle Open]] tae [[Dustin Brown (tennis)|Dustin Brown]] the follaein week.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://espn.go.com/tennis/story/_/id/11070600/rafael-nadal-falls-halle-1st-match-french |title=Rafael Nadal ousted in Halle |date=12 June 2014 |accessdate=14 June 2014 |publisher=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Nadal then entered the [[2014 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles|Wimbledon Championships]] in a bid tae win the tournament for the third time an tae win his 15t Grand Slam teetle overall. In the first three roonds he faced [[Martin Kližan]], Lukáš Rosol (tae whom he suffered a shock defeat at the same stage o the tournament twa years earlier) an [[Mikhail Kukushkin]]. In each o thir matches he lost the first set afore takin command an winnin them in fower sets. In the fowert roond he faced Australian teenager [[Nick Kyrgios]] (ranked 143 places lawer than Nadal) an again lost the first set, but despite winning the seicont set, he wis unable tae turn the tide an eventually lost in fower sets.<ref name="Wimbledon 2014">{{cite news |last1=Newbery |first1=Piers |title=Rafael Nadal beaten by Nick Kyrgios at Wimbledon |url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/tennis/28118239 |date=1 July 2014 |accessdate=1 July 2014 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Nadal widrew frae the American swing due tae a wrist injury. He made his return at the [[2014 China Open (tennis)|2014 China Open]]. He wis defeatit bi [[Martin Klizan]] in three sets. At the [[2014 Shanghai Rolex Masters]], he suffered frae appendicitis, therefore he eventually went doun bi [[Feliciano Lopez]] in straucht sets. Later, he wis upset bi [[Borna Coric]] at the quarterfeenals o the [[2014 Swiss Indoors]]. Efter the loss, he annoonced that he will skip the rest o the saison. ===2015: King of Clay Dethroned=== {{main|2015 Rafael Nadal tennis season}} Nadal began the year as the defendin Champion at Qatar, but suffered a shocking three set defeat tae [[Michael Berrer]] in roond ane o the Qatar Open.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/30702154 |title=Rafael Nadal suffers shock defeat by Michael Berrer in Doha |date=6 January 2015 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> He won the doubles teetle wi [[Juan Monaco]]. At the [[2015 Australian Open – Men's Singles|Australian Open]], Nadal beat [[Mikhail Youzhny]] in the first roond in straucht sets, afore prevailing in a tough five-setter against American [[Tim Smyczek]] in the seicont roond, despite bein visibly unwell at times during the gemme. He then beat [[Dudi Sela]] an [[Kevin Anderson (tennis)|Kevin Anderson]] in straucht sets tae advance tae his 28t career quarterfeenal. Nadal lost in straucht sets tae [[Tomáš Berdych]] in the quarterfeenal, sicweys endin a 17-match winning streak against the seivent-seedit Czech.<ref>{{cite news |last=Newbery |first=Piers |title=Rafael Nadal beaten by Tomas Berdych at Australian Open |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/30996172 |accessdate=24 May 2015 |work=BBC Sport |date=27 January 2015}}</ref> Nadal lost in the semifeenal tae [[Fabio Fognini]] at the [[Rio Open]], afore going on tae win his 46th career clay-court teetle against [[Juan Monaco]] at the Argentina Open.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/31687217 |title=Rafael Nadal: Argentina Open win equals clay-court title record |date=1 March 2015 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> In Mey, Nadal lost in the quarterfeenals o the [[Rome Masters]] tae [[Stan Wawrinka]] in straucht sets. On Juin 3rd, his 29t birthday, Nadal lost tae Novak Djokovic in the quarterfeenals o the French Open, endin his winning streak o 39 consecutive victories in Paris syne his defeat bi Robin Söderling in 2009. Efter the tournament, Nadal will drop tae nummer 10 in the ATP-rankings, his lowest ranking in ower a decade. ==Rivalries== {{see also|Big Four (tennis)}} ===Nadal vs. Federer=== {{Main|Federer–Nadal rivalry}} [[File:Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal at the 2006 Wimbledon Championships.jpg|thumb|Nadal an Federer during the [[2006 Wimbledon Championships]] final]] [[Roger Federer|Federer]] an Nadal hae been playin ilk ither syne 2004, an thair rivalry is a significant pairt o baith men's careers.<ref name="asgoodasitgets"/><ref name="moveoverborgmac">{{cite news|first=Paul|last=Weaver|title = Move over McEnroe and Borg, this one will run and run in the memory|url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2008/jul/07/wimbledon.tennis4|work=The Guardian|location=London|date = 7 July 2008|accessdate =14 February 2009 }}</ref><ref name="asgoodassportgets">{{cite news|first = Martin|last = Flanagan|title = Federer v Nadal as good as sport gets|work = The Age|location = Melbourne|url = http://www.theage.com.au/news/tennis/federer-v-nadal-as-good-as-|access-date = 2015-06-03|archive-date = 2013-08-14|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130814212515/http://www.atpworldtour.com/Players/Head-To-Head.aspx?pId=N409&oId=F324|url-status = dead}}</ref> Thay held the tap twa rankings on the ATP Tour frae Julie 2005 until 14 August 2009, whan Nadal fell tae warld No. 3 (Andy Murray acame the new No. 2).<ref>{{cite news|first = Richard|last = Jago|title = Murray reaches world No.2|date = 15 August 2009|url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2009/aug/15/andy-murray-montreal-masters-jo-wilfried-tsonga|work=The Observer|accessdate =16 August 2010|location=London}}</ref> Thay are the anly pair o men tae hae ever finished fower consecutive calendar years at the tap.<ref>{{cite web|title=Roger Federer Ranking History|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Tennis/Players/Top-Players/Roger-Federer.aspx?t=rh|publisher=Association of Tennis Professionals|accessdate=9 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Rafael Nadal|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Tennis/Players/Top-Players/Rafael-Nadal.aspx?t=rh|publisher=Associate of Tennis Professionals|accessdate=9 February 2013}}</ref> Nadal ascended tae No. 2 in Julie 2005 an held this spot for a record 160 consecutive weeks afore surpassing Federer in August 2008.<ref name="nadalnum1">{{cite web|url=http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/25978842/|title=It's official: Nadal will pass Federer for No. 1|date=1 August 2008|publisher=NBC Sports (Associated Press)|accessdate=14 February 2009|archive-date=2008-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081019231656/http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/25978842/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Thay hae played 33 times, an Nadal leads thair heid-tae-heid series 23–10 overall an 9–2 in Grand Slam tournaments. Fifteen o thair matches hae been on clay, which is statistically Nadal's best surface.<ref name="FedEx ATP Reliability Index">{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Reliability-Zone/Reliability-Clay-Career-List.aspx|title=FedEx ATP Reliability Index|accessdate=1 April 2012|archive-date=2013-10-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029212601/http://www.atpworldtour.com/Reliability-Zone/Reliability-Clay-Career-List.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> Federer haes a winning record on grass (2–1) an indoor haurd courts (4–1) while Nadal leads the outdoor haurd courts bi 8–2 an clay bi 13–2.<ref name="atp-headtohead">{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/Rivalries/Nadal-Federer-Rivalry.aspx|title=Head to Head player details|publisher=ATP World Tour|accessdate=14 April 2013}}</ref> As tournament seedings are based on rankings, 20 o thair matches hae been in tournament feenals, includin an aw-time record 8 Grand Slam tournament feenals.<ref name="atp-therivalry">{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/Rivalries/Nadal-Federer-Rivalry.aspx|title= Rafa & Roger: The Rivalry|date=18 March 2012|publisher=ATP World Tour|accessdate=15 June 2012}}</ref> Frae 2006 tae 2008, thay played in every French Open an Wimbledon feenal, an an aa met in the teetle match o the 2009 Australian Open an the 2011 French Open.<ref name="atp-therivalry"/> Nadal won sax o the aicht, losin the first twa Wimbledon feenals. Three o thir matches war five set-matches (2007 an 2008 Wimbledon, 2009 Australian Open), an the 2008 Wimbledon feenal haes been lauded as the greatest match ever bi mony lang-time tennis analysts.<ref name="greatestmatchever"/><ref name="McEnroe-greatestmatch">{{cite news|first = Richard|last = Alleyne|title = Wimbledon 2008: John McEnroe hails Rafael Nadal victory as greatest final ever|work=The Telegraph|url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/tennis/wimbledon/2305019/Wimbledon-2008-John-McEnroe-hails-Rafael-Nadal-victory-as-greatest-final-ever.html|date = 7 July 2008|accessdate =14 February 2009|location=London}}</ref><ref name="wertheim-greatestmatch">{{cite news|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2008/writers/jon_wertheim/07/09/wertheim.mailbag/index.html|title=Without a doubt, it's the greatest|last=Wertheim|first=Jon|date=9 July 2008|work=Tennis Mailbag|accessdate=14 February 2009|archive-date=2013-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813175621/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2008/writers/jon_wertheim/07/09/wertheim.mailbag/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="tignor-greatestmatch">{{cite web|url=http://tennisworld.typepad.com/thewrap/2008/07/w-report-cards.html|title=W: Report Cards|last=Tignor|first=Steve|work=Concrete Elbow|publisher=Tennis.com|date=8 July 2008|accessdate=14 February 2009}}</ref> ===Nadal vs. Djokovic=== {{Main|Djokovic–Nadal rivalry}} [[Novak Djokovic]] an Nadal hae met 43 times (mair nor ony ither players in the Open Era) wi Nadal haein a 23–20 advantage.<ref name="CO2013"/><ref>{{cite web|author=Featured Columnist |url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1800155-analyzing-importance-of-novak-djokovics-china-open-win-vs-rafael-nadal |title=Analyzing Importance of Novak Djokovic's China Open Win vs. Rafael Nadal |publisher=Bleacherreport.com |date=6 October 2013 |accessdate=31 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="FEDEX ATP HEAD 2 HEADs">{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Players/Head-To-Head.aspx?pId=N409&oId=D643|title=FEDEX ATP HEAD 2 HEADs|accessdate=19 August 2011}}</ref> Nadal leads on grass 2–1 an clay 14–5, but Djokovic leads on haurd courts 14–7.<ref name="CO2013"/><ref name="FEDEX ATP HEAD 2 HEADs"/> In 2009, this rivalry wis listit as the third greatest o the previous 10 years bi ATPwarldtour.com.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2009/12/Decade-In-Review-Rivalries.aspx|title=RIVALRIES OF THE DECADE|accessdate=19 August 2011}}</ref> Djokovic is ane o anly twa players tae hae at least ten match wins against Nadal (the ither bein Federer) an the anly person tae defeat Nadal seiven consecutive times an twa times consecutively on clay. The twa earlier shared the record for the langest match played in a best o three sets (4 oors an 3 minutes) at the 2009 Mutua Madrid Open semifeenals until the match atween [[Roger Federer]] an [[Juan Martín del Potro]] in the [[Tennis at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's singles|London 2012 Olympics Semifinal]], which is the langest best-of-three-set match bi time (at 4 oors an 26 minutes).<ref name=OlympicEpic>{{cite web|url= http://www.worldtennismagazine.com/archives/7566|title= Roger Federer’s History-Making Olympic Epic Over Juan Martin del Potro|author= Walker, Randy|publisher= World Tennis Magazine|date= 3 August 2012|accessdate= 4 August 2012|archive-date= 2018-07-25|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180725111408/http://www.worldtennismagazine.com/archives/7566|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/federer-edges-epic-encounter.html |title= Federer edges epic encounter |publisher= London2012.com |date= 3 August 2012 |accessdate= 4 August 2012 |archive-date= 2012-12-09 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20121209204441/http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/federer-edges-epic-encounter.html |url-status= dead }}</ref> Thay hae an aa played in a [[ATP Masters Series#Records an trivia|record]] 12 [[ATP Masters Series|Masters Series]] feenals. In the 2011 Wimbledon feenal, Djokovic won in fower sets for his first Slam feenal ower Nadal.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/04/sports/tennis/2011-wimbledon-mens-final-novak-djokovic-defeats-rafael-nadal.html?amp=&pagewanted=all|title=Djokovic Overwhelms Nadal for Wimbledon Title|accessdate=3 July 2011 | work=The New York Times|first=Christopher|last=Clarey|date=3 July 2011}}</ref> Djokovic an aa defeatit Nadal in the 2011 US Open Final. In 2012, Djokovic defeatit Nadal in the Australian Open feenal for a third consecutive Slam feenal win ower Nadal. This wis the langest Grand Slam tournament feenal in Open era history at 5 hrs, 53 mins.<ref>{{cite news|author=Paul Gittings|url=http://articles.cnn.com/2012-01-29/tennis/sport_tennis_tennis-djokovic-nadal-australia_1_mallorcan-djokovic-nadal-victory?_s=PM:TENNIS|title=Djokovic beats Nadal in marathon classic to win Australian Open|publisher=CNN|date=29 January 2012|accessdate=8 June 2012|archive-date=2013-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130303015240/http://articles.cnn.com/2012-01-29/tennis/sport_tennis_tennis-djokovic-nadal-australia_1_mallorcan-djokovic-nadal-victory?_s=PM:TENNIS|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nadal won thair last three 2012 meetins in the feenal o Monte Carlo Masters, Rome Masters an French Open in Aprile, in Mey an in Juin 2012, respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/18150412|title= Rafael Nadal|accessdate=21 May 2012}}</ref> In 2013, Djokovic defeatit Nadal in straucht sets in the feenal at Monte Carlo, endin Nadal's record aicht consecutive teetles thare, but Nadal got revenge at the French Open in an epic five-setter 9–7 in the fift. In August 2013, Nadal won in Montreal, denying Djokovic his fowert [[Canadian Open (tennis)|Rogers Cup]] teetle.<ref name="CO2013"/> Nadal an aa defeatit Djokovic in the 2013 US Open Final. In thair third clash o 2014 Nadal defeatit Djokovic in the 2014 French Open feenal. ===Nadal vs. Murray=== {{Main|Murray–Nadal rivalry}} [[File:Murray and Nadal Tokyo (1) (1).jpg|thumbnail|Nadal an Murray in Tokyo]] Nadal an [[Andy Murray]] hae met on 21 occasions syne [[2007 ATP Tour|2007]], wi Nadal leadin 15–6. Nadal leads 6–1 on clay, 3–0 on grass an 6–5 on haurd courts (includin 5–3 in outdoor courts, but Murray leads 2–1 on indoor haurd courts). The pair ance met regularly at [[Grand Slam (tennis)|Grand Slam]] level, wi aicht oot o thair twinty-ane meetins coming in slams, wi Nadal leadin 6–2 (3–0 at [[The Championships, Wimbledon|Wimbledon]], 1–0 at the French Open, 1–1 at the Australian Open & 1–1 at the [[US Open (tennis)|US Open]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Players/Head-To-Head.aspx?pId=N409&oId=MC10|title=Nadal v Murray Head to Head|publisher=atpworldtour.com|accessdate=6 August 2012}}</ref> Seiven o thir aicht appearances hae been at quarterfeenal an semifeenal level, makin the rivalry an important pairt o baith men's careers. Thay hae never met in a Slam feenal, houiver, Murray leads 3–1 in [[Association of Tennis Professionals|ATP]] feenals, wi Nadal winning at [[2009 BNP Paribas Open|Indian Wells]] in [[2009 ATP World Tour|2009]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/7958375.stm|title=Nadal blows Murray away in final|work=BBC Sport|date=22 March 2009|accessdate=6 February 2012}}</ref> an Murray winnin in [[2009 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament|Rotterdam]] the same year,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tennis/7891311.stm|title=Murray beats Nadal to take title|work=BBC Sport|date=15 February 2009|accessdate=6 February 2012}}</ref> [[2011 Rakuten Japan Open Tennis Championships|Tokyo]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/15231444|title=Andy Murray defeats Rafael Nadal in Japan Open final|work=BBC Sport|date=9 October 2011|accessdate=6 February 2012}}</ref> in [[2011 ATP Warld Tour|2011]], an [[2015 Mutua Madrid Open|Madrid]] in [[2015 ATP Warld Tour|2015]]. Murray lost three consecutive Grand Slam semifeenals tae Nadal in 2011 frae the [[2011 French Open|French Open]] tae the [[2011 US Open (tennis)|US Open]]. Remarkably, o the past 19 Grand Slam drawsheets, thay hae been drawn in the same hauf 16 times. The pair did nae meet in [[2012 ATP World Tour|2012]], haein been scheduled tae meet in the semifeenal o the [[2012 Miami Masters|Miami Masters]] afore Nadal widrew wi injury.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/tennis/17560498|title=Andy Murray to play Djokovic in Miami final after Nadal withdraws|work=BBC Sport|date=1 April 2012|accessdate=6 February 2012}}</ref> ==Playing style== [[File:Rafael Nadal at the 2010 US Open 06.jpg|thumbnail|left|Nadal's forehand]] Nadal generally plays an aggressive, behind-the-[[Tennis court#Dimensions|baseline]] gemme foondit on hivy [[topspin]] groundstrokes, consistency, speedy footwork an tenacious coort coverage, sicweys makin him an aggressive counterpuncher.<ref name="ESPN">{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/wimbledon08/columns/story?columnist=garber_greg&id=3472238|title=Nadal Has Improved Virtually Every Aspect of His Game|publisher=[[ESPN]]|date=3 July 2008|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref> Kent for his athleticism an speed aroond the court, Nadal is an excellent defender<ref name="about bio">{{cite news | first=Jeff | last=Cooper | title=Rafael Nadal&nbsp;– Game Profile | url=http://tennis.about.com/od/playersmale/a/nadalgp.htm | accessdate=30 July 2007 | archive-date=2016-11-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107033909/http://tennis.about.com/od/playersmale/a/nadalgp.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> who hits well on the run, biggin winning plays frae seemingly defensive poseetions. He an aa plays very fine dropshots, which wirk especially well acause his hivy topspin eften forces opponents tae the back o the court.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tennis.com/yourgame/instructionarticles/netgame/netgame.aspx?id=123244|title=Rafael Nadal's Drop Volley|work=Tennis Magazine|date=27 March 2008|accessdate=30 January 2009|archive-date=2009-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026221750/http://www.tennis.com/yourgame/instructionarticles/netgame/netgame.aspx?id=123244|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[File:Nadal 4 Monte Carlo 2007.jpg|thumb|Nadal playin on clay]] Nadal employs a semi-wastren grip forehand, eften wi a "lasso-whip" follae throu, whaur his left arm hits throu the baw andfinishes abuin his left shouder – as opposed tae a mair traditional finish athort the body or aroond his opposite shouder.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.elitetennistraining.com/free-online-tennis-lessons/gripping-the-tennis-racquet/ | title=How To Hold A Tennis Racket | accessdate=19 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.essentialtennis.com/category/video/grips/ | title=Essential Tennis - Rafael Nadal’s Forehand Grip Revealed | accessdate=19 January 2015}}</ref> Nadal's forehand groundstroke form allows him tae hit shots wi hivy topspin – mair sae than mony o his contemporaries.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/27/sports/tennis/27tennis.html |title=More and More Players Deliver Slap to Classic Forehand|work=[[The New York Times]] |date=27 June 2006|accessdate=30 January 2009 | first=Christopher | last=Clarey}}</ref> San Francisco tennis researcher John Yandell uised a heich-speed video camera an special software tae count the average nummer o revolutions o a tennis ball hit full force bi Nadal. While Nadal's shots tend tae land short o the baseline, the characteristically heich bounces his forehands achieve tend tae mitigate the advantage an opponent wad normally gain frae capitalizing on a short ball.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tennis.com/yourgame/instructionarticles/forehand/forehand.aspx?id=56544|title=The Forehand of Rafael Nadal|work=Tennis Magazine|date=15 December 2006|accessdate=30 January 2009|archive-date=2009-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304142514/http://tennis.com/yourgame/instructionarticles/forehand/forehand.aspx?id=56544|url-status=dead}}</ref> Awtho his forehand is based on hivy topspin, he can hit the ball deep an flat wi a mair orthodox follae throu for clean winners. {{rquote|right|"The first guys we did were Sampras an Agassi. They were hitting forehands that in general were spinning about 1,800 to 1,900 revolutions per minute. Federer is hitting with an amazing amount of spin, too, right? 2,700 revolutions per minute. Well, we measured one forehand Nadal hit at 4,900. His average was 3,200."|John Yandell, San Francisco-based tennis researcher.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ripped. (Or Torn Up?) |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/21/magazine/21nadal-t.html |work=[[The New York Times]] | first=Cynthia | last=Gorney | date=17 June 2009 | accessdate=22 May 2010}}</ref>}} Nadal's serve wis initially considered a waik pynt in his gemme, awtho his improvements in baith first-serve pynts won an break pynts saved syne 2005 hae allowed him tae consistently compete for an win major teetles on faster surfaces. Nadal relies on the consistency o his serve tae gain a strategic advantage in pynts, rather than going for [[Serve (tennis)#Serve terminology|service winners]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/tennis/wimbledon/2304937/Rafael-Nadal-determined-to-keep-one-step-ahead-of-Roger-Federer.html|title=Rafael Nadal Determined to Keep One Step Ahead of Roger Federer|work=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK |date=6 July 2008|accessdate=30 January 2009 | first=Clive | last=White}}</ref> Houiver, afore the 2010 US Open, he altered his service motion, arrivin in the trophy pose earlier an pullin the racket lawer during the trophy pose. Afore the 2010 U.S. Open, Nadal modified his service grip tae a mair continental ane. Thir twa changes in his serve increased his average speed bi aroond 10&nbsp;mph during the 2010 US Open, maxing oot at 135&nbsp;mph (217&nbsp;km), allouin him tae win mair free pynts on his serve.<ref>{{cite web|author=Tony Kurdzuk/The Star-Ledger |url=http://www.nj.com/sports/njsports/index.ssf/2010/09/rafael_nadal_has_gotten_a_grip.html |title=12 September 2010 |work=The Star-Ledger |accessdate=3 June 2011}}</ref> Houiver, syne the 2010 US Open, Nadal's serve speed haes dropped back doun tae previous levels an haes again been citit as a need for improvement.<ref>{{cite web|author=Timothy Rapp |url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1044134-rafael-nadal-rafa-must-improve-serve-to-beat-novak-djokovic |title=Rafael Nadal: Rafa Must Improve Serve to Beat Novak Djokovic |publisher=Bleacher Report |date= 30 January 2012|accessdate=3 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Thomas Skuzinski |url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/815240-2011-us-open-biggest-weaknesses-in-the-top-8-men#/articles/815240-2011-us-open-biggest-weaknesses-in-the-top-8-men/page/5 |title=Rafael Nadal's Serve, and 7 Other Weak Shots Among the Top 8 Men |publisher=Bleacher Report |date= 22 August 2011|accessdate=3 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Naharnet Newsdesk |url=http://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/14931 |title=Beaten Nadal Vows to Turn Tables on Djokovic |publisher=Naharnet |date= 13 September 2011|accessdate=3 May 2012}}</ref> Nadal is a clay court specialeet in the sense that he haes been extremely successfu on that surface. Syne 2005, he won nine times at Roland Garros, aicht times at Monte Carlo an seiven at Rome. Houiver, Nadal haes shed that label due tae his success on ither surfaces, includin holding simultaneous Grand Slam tournament teetles on grass, haurd courts, an clay on twa separate occasions, winning aicht Masters series teetles on hardcourt, an winning the Olympic gowd medal on hardcourt.<ref name="ESPN"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/aus09/columns/story?columnist=harwitt_sandra&id=3876694|title=No limit to what Nadal can accomplish|publisher=[[ESPN]]|date=1 February 2009|accessdate=1 February 2009}}</ref> Despite praise for Nadal's talent an skill, some hae questioned his longevity in the sport, citing his big an playin style as conducive tae injury.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/usopen07/news/story?id=2996956|title=Style of play catching up with Rafa?|publisher=[[ESPN]]|date=30 August 2007|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref> Nadal himsel haes admittit tae the physical toll haurd courts place on [[Association of Tennis Professionals|ATP Tour]] players, calling for a reevaluatit tour schedule featurin fewer haurd court tournaments.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tennis.com/tournaments/2009/australianopen/australianopen.aspx?id=163626|title=Oz Champ Nadal Wants Changes in Tennis Schedule|work=Tennis Magazine|date=2 February 2009|accessdate=2 February 2009|archive-date=2009-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615164042/http://tennis.com/tournaments/2009/australianopen/australianopen.aspx?id=163626|url-status=dead}}</ref> <!-- Nadal is ''not'' a clay-court specialist. Although clay is his best surface, four of his slams have been on non-clay surfaces, he won the Olympic singles gold medal on hardcourt, and has won five Masters titles on hardcourts. Just because clay is his best surface does not make him a claycourt specialist. Sergi Bruguera, Thomas Muster, Alberto Berasategui, Carlos Costa – those are clay-court specialists, none of whom even made a major final other than the French (and all were terrible on grass). Nadal has made five Wimbledon finals and was clearly the second-best player in the world on grass for 2006, and 2007, and 2011, and was the best in 2008, and 2010. That is not counting his Australian Open title, U.S. Open titles, or Olympic gold medal. Nadal has made 10 of his 18 Grand Slam finals outside of clay. --> ==Public image== ===Equipment and endorsements=== [[File:Nadal vs Federer RG 2007.jpg|thumb|[[Nike Inc.|Nike]] sleeveless shirt wi matching headband & wrist bands and [[Babolat]] AeroPro Drive GT at [[French Open|Roland Garros]] 2007]] Nadal haes been sponsored bi [[Kia Motors]] syne 2006. He haes appeared in advertising campaigns for Kia as a global ambassador for the company. In Mey 2008, Kia released a [[claymation]] viral ad featurin Nadal in a tennis match wi an alien.<ref>[http://paultan.org/archives/2008/05/24/kias-bizarre-nadal-versus-alien-video/ Kia Nadal versus Alien Video].</ref> In Mey 2015, Nadal extendit his partnership wi Kia for anither five years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rafael Nadal and Kia Motors double up for another five years|url=http://www.hyundaimotorgroup.com/MediaCenter/News/Press-Releases/kia-motor-Rafael-Nadal-support-eng-150504.hub|website=Hyundai Motor Group|accessdate=25 May 2015|archive-date=2015-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525181424/http://www.hyundaimotorgroup.com/MediaCenter/News/Press-Releases/kia-motor-Rafael-Nadal-support-eng-150504.hub|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Nike Inc.|Nike]] serves as Nadal's clothing an shae sponsor. Nadal's signature on-court attire entailed a variety o sleeveless shirts paired wi 3/4 lenth [[capri pants]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nymag.com/fashion/08/fall/49256|title=The Beefcake in the Backcourt|work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|date=17 August 2008|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref> For the 2009 saison, Nadal adoptit mair-traditional on-court apparel. Nike encouraged Nadal tae update his leuk in order tae reflect his new status as the sport's tap player at that time<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/aus09/columns/story?columnist=tandon_kamakshi&id=3837536&campaign=rss&source=TENNISHeadlines|title=Rafa Needs More Than a New Look|publisher=[[ESPN]]|date=17 January 2009|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref> an associate Nadal wi a style that, while less distinctive than his "pirate" leuk, wad be mair widely emulatit bi consumers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/article/123520|title=Rafael Nadal to Launch New, More Traditional Image at US Open|work=Sports Business Daily|date=1 August 2008|accessdate=30 January 2009|archive-date=2008-12-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202122241/http://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/article/123520|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnbc.com/id/28854928|title=Nadal's Wardrobe Malfunction|publisher=[[CNBC]]|date=26 January 2009|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref> At warmup tournaments in [[2009 Capitala World Tennis Championship|Abu Dhabi]] an [[Qatar ExxonMobil Open|Doha]], Nadal played matches in a [[polo shirt]] specifically designed for him bi Nike,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cornedbeefhash.wordpress.com/2009/01/20/fashion-focus-rafa-after-a-hiccup-finally-grows-up/|title=Fashion Focus: Rafael Nadal|publisher=Tennis Served Fresh|date=20 January 2009|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref> paired wi shorts cut abuin the knee. Nadal's new, mair conventional style carried ower tae the [[2009 Australian Open]], whaur he wis outfittit wi Nike's Bold Crew Men's Tee<ref>{{cite web|url=http://store.nike.com/index.jsp?sitesrc=USLP&country=US&lang_locale=en_US#l=shop,pdp,ctr-inline/cid-1/pid-204467/pgid-204469|title=Nike Bold New Tennis Crew|publisher=Nike Store|date=30 January 2009|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref> an Nadal Lang Check Shorts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://store.nike.com/index.jsp?sitesrc=USLP&country=US&lang_locale=en_US#l=shop,pdp,ctr-inline/cid-1/pid-204474/pgid-204476|title=Nadal Long Check Shortsbhnu|publisher=Nike Store|date=30 January 2009|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cornedbeefhash.wordpress.com/2009/01/24/rafas-costume-change-part-deux/|title=Rafa's Costume Change|publisher=Tennis Served Fresh|date=24 January 2009|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tennis.com/uploadedImages/Features/Photo_Galleries/TENNIS_Gallery/2009_01_22_pg22.jpg|title=Emperor's New Clothes|work=Tennis Magazine|date=24 January 2009|accessdate=30 January 2009|archive-date=2009-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205003824/http://www.tennis.com/uploadedImages/Features/Photo_Galleries/TENNIS_Gallery/2009_01_22_pg22.jpg|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nadal wears Nike's Air CourtBallistec 2.3 tennis shuin,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tenniswarehouse-europe.com/descpageMSNIKEH-NMACBT.html |title=Nike Air CourtBallistec 1.3 |accessdate=5 September 2007 |archive-date=2009-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224005406/http://tenniswarehouse-europe.com/descpageMSNIKEH-NMACBT.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> bearing various customizations throughout the saison, includin his nickname "Rafa" on the right shae an a stylized bull logo on the left. He acame the face o [[Lanvin (clothing)|Lanvin's]] ''L'Homme Sport'' cologne in Aprile 2009.<ref>{{cite web |author=Marie-Helene Wagner |url=http://www.mimifroufrou.com/scentedsalamander/2009/03/lanvin_lhomme_sport_2009_front.html |title=Lanvin L'Homme Sport (2009): Fronted by Rafael Nadal |publisher=Mimifroufrou.com |date=3 March 2009 |accessdate=3 June 2011 |archive-date=2019-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402082901/http://www.mimifroufrou.com/scentedsalamander/2009/03/lanvin_lhomme_sport_2009_front.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nadal uses an AeroPro Drive racquet wi a 4{{frac|1|4}}-inch L2 grip. {{As of|2010|alt=As of the 2010 season}}, Nadal's racquets are paintit tae resemble the new Babolat AeroPro Drive wi Cortex GT racquet in order tae mercat a current model which Babolat sells.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tt.tennis-warehouse.com/showthread.php?t=154451|title=Nadal Doesn't Use an APDC|publisher=Talk Tennis|date=1 September 2007|accessdate=30 January 2009|archive-date=2014-11-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129163905/http://tt.tennis-warehouse.com/showthread.php?t=154451|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/usopen04/news/story?id=1872892|title=The Tennis Racket|publisher=[[ESPN]]|date=2 September 2004|accessdate=30 January 2009}}</ref> Nadal uses no replacement grip, an insteid wraps twa overgrips aroond the haundle. He uised Duralast 15L strings until the 2010 saison, whan he switched tae Babolat's new, black-coloured, RPM Blast string. Nadal's rackets are ayeweys strung at {{convert|55|lb|abbr=on}}, regairdless o which surface or conditions he is playin on.{{Citation needed|daye=January 2011|date=January 2011}} {{As of|2010|January}}, Nadal is the international ambassador for [[Quely]], a company frae his native [[Mallorca]] that manufactures biscuits, bakery an chocolate coatit products; he haes consumed thair products ever syne he wis a young bairn.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/rafa-nadal-quelys-embassador |title=Rafa Nadal is Quely's embassador |publisher=Rafaelnadal.com |date=21 December 2009 |accessdate=3 June 2011 |archive-date=2011-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111208130450/http://rafaelnadal.com/content/rafa-nadal-quelys-embassador |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2010, luxury watchmaker Richard Mille annoonced that he haed developed an ultra-licht wristwatch in collaboration wi Nadal cried the Richard Mille RM027 Tourbillon watch.<ref name="watchmaker">{{cite news | first=Rob | last=Corder | title=Rafael Nadal to wear $525,000 Richard Mille watch | date=5 April 2010 | publisher=Professional Jeweller}}</ref> The watch is made o titanium an lithium an is valued at US$525,000; Nadal wis involved in the design an testin o the watch on the tennis court.<ref name="watchmaker"/> During the 2010 French Open, [[Men's Fitness]] reportit that Nadal wore the Richard Mille watch on the court as pairt o a sponsorship deal wi the Swiss watchmaker.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mensfitness.com/sports_and_recreation/athletes/224|title=Nadal Wears $525K Watch at French Open|publisher=mensfitness.com|accessdate=6 July 2010}}</ref> Nadal replaced [[Cristiano Ronaldo]] as the new face o [[Emporio Armani|Emporio Armani Underwear]] an [[Armani Jeans (brand)|Armani Jeans]] for the spring/summer 2011 collection.<ref name="TS">{{cite web |url=http://www.typicallyspanish.com/news/publish/article_28805.shtml |title=Rafael Nadal strips to his undies for Armani |publisher=Typicallyspanish.com |date=20 January 2011 |accessdate=3 June 2011 |archive-date=2012-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330060410/http://www.typicallyspanish.com/news/publish/article_28805.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> This wis the first time that the label haes chosen a tennis player for the job; association football haes ruled lately prior tae Ronaldo, [[David Beckham]] graced the ads syne 2008.<ref>{{cite web|last=Cowles |first=Charlotte |url=http://nymag.com/daily/fashion/2010/12/raphael_nadal_replaces_cristia.html |title=Rafael Nadal Replaces Cristiano Ronaldo as the New Face of Emporio Armani Underwear |work=New York |accessdate=3 June 2011}}</ref> Armani said that he selectit Nadal as his latest male unnerwear model acause "...he is ideal as he represents a healthy and positive model for youngsters."<ref name="TS"/> In Juin 2012, Nadal jynt the group o sports endorsers o the [[PokerStars]] [[online poker]] cardroom.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tennis Champion Rafael Nadal Joins Team PokerStars |url=http://www.pokernews.com/news/2012/06/tennis-champion-rafael-nadal-joins-team-pokerstars-12909.htm |work=Poker News |accessdate=19 July 2014}}</ref> In December 2013, Nadal won a charity poker tournament against retired Brazilian football player [[Ronaldo]] an fower ither competitors.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/tennis/article-2761579/Ronaldo-challenges-Rafael-Nadal-live-head-head-poker-duel.html "Ronaldo challenges Rafael Nadal to live head-to-head poker duel"]. ''Daily Mail''. Retrieved 29 September 2014</ref> ===In popular culture=== In Februar 2010, Rafael Nadal wis featurt in the muisic video o [[Shakira]]'s "[[Gypsy (Shakira song)|Gypsy]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3-GiVIE8gc |title=Music video for "Gypsy" by Shakira featuring Rafael Nadal |publisher=YouTube |accessdate=6 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvH5KbwjCoo |title=Shakira – Gypsy |publisher=YouTube |accessdate=6 June 2010 |archive-date=2018-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408001342/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvH5KbwjCoo |url-status=dead }}</ref> an pairt o her album release ''[[She Wolf (album)|She Wolf]]''. In expleenin why she chose Nadal for the video, Shakira wis quotit as saying in an interview wi the ''Latin American Herald Tribune'': "I thought that maybe I needed someone I could in some way identify with. And Rafael Nadal is a person who has been totally committed to his career since he was very young. Since he was 17, I believe."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=352754&CategoryId=13003 |title=Shakira: I Chose Nadal for Video Because I "Identify with Him" |work=Latin American Herald Tribune |accessdate=6 June 2010 |archive-date=2019-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519190554/http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=352754&CategoryId=13003 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Source: Penny Newton |url=http://www.mtv.com.au/news/3347ebee-shakira-gypsy-mtv-exclusive/ |title=Shakira's Sexy New Video ''Gypsy'' |publisher=MTV |date=24 February 2010 |accessdate=6 June 2010 |archive-date=2012-06-04 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/68AHQTnyt?url=http://www.mtv.com.au/news/3347ebee-shakira-gypsy-mtv-exclusive/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Asteroid=== [[128036 Rafaelnadal]] is a [[main belt]] asteroid discovered in 2003 at the [[Observatorio Astronómico de Mallorca]] an named efter Nadal.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2008/07/nadalasteroid.aspx|title=Asteroid Named After Rafael Nadal|publisher=ATP World Tour|date=13 July 2012|accessdate=12 June 2012}}</ref> ==Off the court== ===Involvement in football=== Nadal is an avid fan o association football club [[Real Madrid]]. On 8 Julie 2010, it wis reportit that he haed acome a shareholder o [[RCD Mallorca]], his local club bi birth, in an attempt tae assist the club frae debt.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKLDE66727020100708 | agency=[[Reuters]] | title=Soccer-Rafa Nadal becomes shareholder at troubled Real Mallorca | date=9 July 2010 | access-date=2015-06-03 | archive-date=2010-07-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100712103356/http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKLDE66727020100708 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Nadal reportedly ains 10 percent an wis offered the role o vice preses, but he rejectit that offer.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.realmallorca.co.uk/news/club/2010/sale-of-the-club-completed | work=[[Real Mallorca]] | title=Sale of the club completed | date=7 September 2010 | access-date=2015-06-03 | archive-date=2012-09-11 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120911090749/http://www.realmallorca.co.uk/news/club/2010/sale-of-the-club-completed | url-status=dead }}</ref> His uncle [[Miguel Ángel Nadal]], acame assistant coach unner [[Michael Laudrup]]. Nadal remains a passionate [[Real Madrid C.F.|Real Madrid]] supporter; ''[[ESPN.com]]'' writer Graham Hunter wrote, "He's as ''Merengue'' as [Real Madrid icons] [[Raúl (footballer)|Raúl]], [[Iker Casillas]] and [[Alfredo Di Stéfano]]." Shortly efter acquiring his interest in Mallorca, Nadal cried oot [[UEFA]] for apparent hypocrisy in ejecting the club frae the [[2010–11 UEFA Europa League]] for excessive debts, saying throu a club spokesperson, "Well, if those are the criteria upon which UEFA is operating, then European competition will only comprise two or three clubs because all the rest are in debt, too."<ref name=Football>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/sports/soccer/news/_/id/5542102/rafael-nadal-tries-save-mallorca-football-club |title=Rafa to the rescue |first=Graham |last=Hunter |publisher=[[ESPN]] |date=9 September 2010 |accessdate=21 December 2010}}</ref> He is a fervent supporter o the [[Spain national football team|Spanish national team]], ane o anly sax people nae affiliatit wi the team or the [[Royal Spanish Football Federation|national federation]] allowed intae the team's locker room immediately follaein Spain's veectory in the [[2010 FIFA World Cup Final]].<ref name=Football/> ===Philanthropy=== Nadal teuk pairt in Thailand's "A Million Trees for the King" project, planting a tree in honour o Keeng [[Bhumibol Adulyadej]] on a veesit tae [[Hua Hin]] during his [[2010 PTT Thailand Open|Thailand Open 2010]]. "For me it's an honour to part of this project", said Nadal. "It's a very good project. I want to congratulate the Thai people and congratulate the King for this unbelievable day. I wish all the best for this idea. It's very, very nice."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/News/Tennis/2010/10/39/Bangkok-Nadal-Plants-Tree.aspx |title=Nadal Lends Hand To Million Trees Project |publisher=[[ATP World Tour]] |date=28 September 2010 |accessdate=11 December 2010}}</ref> ====Fundación Rafa Nadal==== The creation o the Fundación Rafa Nadal teuk place in November 2007, an its offeecial presentation wis in Februar 2008, at the Manacor Tennis Club in Mallorca, Spain. The foundation will focus on social wirk an development aid parteecularly on childhood an youth.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fundacionrafanadal.org/ |title=Rafa Nadal Foundation |publisher=Fundacionrafanadal.com |accessdate=3 June 2011}}</ref> On deciding why tae stairt a foundation, Nadal said "This can be the beginning of my future, when I retire and have more time, [...] I am doing very well and I owe society, [...] A month-and-a-half ago I was in [[Chennai]], in India. The truth is we live great here....I can contribute something with my image..." Nadal wis inspired bi the [[Leet o Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies|Red Cross]] benefit match against [[malaria]] wi Real Madrid goalkeeper [[Iker Casillas]], recalling, "We raised an amount of money that we would never have imagined. I have to thank Iker, my project partner, who went all out for it, [...] That is why the time has come to set up my own foundation and determine the destination of the money." Nadal's mither, Ana Maria Parera, chairs the charitable organisation an faither Sebastian is vice-chairman. Coach an uncle Toni Nadal an his agent, umwhile tennis player [[Carlos Costa (tennis)|Carlos Costa]], are an aa involved. Roger Federer haes gien Nadal advice on getting involved in philanthropy. Despite the fact that poverty in Indie struck him parteecularly haurd, Nadal wants tae stairt bi helpin "people close by, in the [[Balearic Islands]], in Spain, and then, if possible, abroad."<ref>{{cite news |agency=[[Deutsche Presse-Agentur]] |url=http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/news/185574,rafael-nadal-launches-foundation--feature.html |title=Rafael Nadal launches foundation |publisher=Earth Times News |date=13 February 2008 |accessdate=3 June 2011 |archive-date=2019-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519231644/http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/news/185574,rafael-nadal-launches-foundation--feature.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> On 16 October 2010, Nadal traveled tae Indie for the first time tae veesit his tennis academy for unnerprivileged childer at [[Anantapur Sports Village]], in the [[Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh|Anantapur City, Andhra Pradesh]]. His foundation haes an aa worked in the Anantapur Educational Center project, in collaboration wi the [[Vicente Ferrer Moncho|Vicente Ferrer Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/rafa-and-his-foundation-india |title=Rafa and his foundation in India |publisher=The Official Rafa Nadal Website |accessdate=3 June 2011 |archive-date=2011-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001054734/http://www.rafaelnadal.com/content/rafa-and-his-foundation-india |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Rafa in India to promote tennis school |first=Sreenivas |last=Janyala |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/rafa-in-india-to-promote-tennis-school/698828/ |work=The Indian Express |location=Mumbai |date=18 October 2010}}</ref> ===Personal life=== Nadal lived wi his parents an younger sister Maria Isabel in a five-story apartment biggin in thair hometown o Manacor, Mallorca. In Juin 2009, Spanish newspaper ''[[La Vanguardia]]'', an then ''[[The New York Times]]'', reportit that his parents, Ana Maria an Sebastian, haed separated. This news came efter weeks o speculation in Internet posts an message boards ower Nadal's personal issues as the cause o his setback.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/wimbledon09/columns/story?columnist=garber_greg&id=4280346 | publisher=ESPN | title=Personal woes affecting Rafa? | date=23 July 2009}}</ref> Nadal haes revealed himsel tae be [[Agnosticism|agnostic]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2010/writers/jon_wertheim/07/16/nadal.interview/index.html | work=[[Sports Illustrated]] | title=Q&A with Rafael Nadal | date=16 July 2010 | access-date=2015-06-03 | archive-date=2013-11-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105222559/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2010/writers/jon_wertheim/07/16/nadal.interview/index.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> As a young boy, he wad run home frae schuil tae watch [[Goku]] in his favorite Japanese anime, ''[[Dragon Ball]]''. [[CNN]] released an article aboot Nadal's childhood inspiration, an cried him "the Dragon Ball of tennis" due tae his unorthodox style "from another planet."<ref>{{cite news|last=Johnson|first=Christopher|title=Rafael Nadal: The 'Dragon Ball' of tennis|url=http://www.cnngo.com/tokyo/play/rafael-nadal-dragon-ball-tennis-216638|accessdate=31 December 2011|newspaper=[[CNN International]]|date=8 October 2010}}</ref> In addition tae tennis an football, Nadal enjoys golf an an aa poker.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Smith |title=Away from tennis court, Rafael Nadal seeks a golf course |work=[[The Miami Herald]] |date=28 March 2012 |accessdate=29 April 2012}}</ref> In Aprile 2014 he played the warld's nummer 1 female poker player, [[Vanessa Selbst]], in a poker gemme in Monaco.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/RafaelNadal/status/454703137358901248/photo/1 |title=Twitter / RafaelNadal: Great experience playing with |publisher=Twitter.com |date=11 April 2014 |accessdate=31 July 2014}}</ref> Nadal's autobiography, ''Rafa'' ([[Hyperion Books|Hyperion]], 2012, ISBN 1401310923), written wi assistance frae [[John Carlin (journalist)|John Carlin]], wis published in August 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espn.go.com/tennis/usopen11/story/_/id/6896793/us-open-twenty-things-learn-rafael-nadal-autobiography|title=U.S. Open – Twenty things we learn in Rafael Nadal's autobiography|last=Tandon|first=Kamakshi|date=26 August 2011|publisher=ESPN|accessdate=31 May 2013}}</ref> ==Notes== <references group="lower-alpha"/> ==References== {{reflist}} == Freemit airtins == *{{official website|http://www.rafaelnadal.com}} *{{twitter|RafaelNadal|Rafael Nadal}} *{{Facebook|Nadal|Rafael Nadal}} *{{ATP|N409|Rafael Nadal}} *{{ITF male profile|100007935|Rafael Nadal}} *{{DavisCup player|100007935|Rafael Nadal}} {{Tap ten tennis players|atpsingles=y}} {{navboxes|title=Rafael Nadal in the [[grand slam (tennis)|Grand Slam]] toornaments |list1= {{Australian Open men's singles champions}} {{French Open men's singles champions}} {{Wimbledon men's singles champions}} {{US Open men's singles champions}} {{Tennis Career Grand Slam Champions}} {{Tennis men grand slam three and over}} {{Men's tennis players who won two or more Grand Slam singles titles in one calendar year}} }} {{navboxes|title=Rafael Nadal [[Rafael Nadal career statistics|achievements]] |list1= {{Tennis Warld ATP Nummer Anes (men)}} {{Footer Olympic Champions Tennis Men}} {{Laureus World Sportsman of the Year}} {{Spanish Sportsman of the Year}} {{Top ten tennis players|atpsingles=y}} {{Top ten male singles tennis players of countries belonging to Tennis Europe}} {{Top ten Spanish male singles tennis players}} }} {{ATP Masters Series tournament winners}} {{ATP Masters Series tournament doubles winners}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nadal, Rafael}} [[Category:1986 births]] [[Category:Australian Open (tennis) champions]] [[Category:French Open champions]] [[Category:Laureus Warld Sports Awairds winners]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Olympic gowd medallists for Spain]] [[Category:Olympic medallists in tennis]] [[Category:Olympic tennis players o Spain]] [[Category:Fowk frae Manacor]] [[Category:Rafael Nadal| ]] [[Category:Spaingie agnostics]] [[Category:Spaingie fitbaw chairmen an investors]] [[Category:Spaingie male tennis players]] [[Category:Tennis players at the 2004 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Tennis players at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:US Open (tennis) champions]] [[Category:Wimbledon champions]] [[Category:Warld No. 1 tennis players]] qlrq5d3k1fux06opcbh66sv7z629l3w Tommy Robredo 0 57179 901287 858676 2024-12-17T18:44:49Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 901287 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox tennis biography |image=Flickr - Carine06 - Tommy Robredo (4).jpg |caption=Robredo at Boodles, 2011. |name=Tommy Robredo |country={{ESP}} |residence=[[Barcelona]], Spain |birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1982|5|1}} |birth_place=[[Hostalric]], Spain |height=1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) |weight={{convert|75|kg|lb st|abbr=on}} |turnedpro=1998 |plays=Richt-haundit<br> (ane-haundit backhaund) |careerprizemoney=[[US$|$]]13,154,510 |singlesrecord=533–354 |singlestitles=12 |highestsinglesranking=No. 5 (28 August 2006) |currentsinglesranking=No. 190 (3 Julie 2017) |AustralianOpenresult=QF ([[2007 Australian Open – Men's Singles|2007]]) |FrenchOpenresult=QF ([[2003 French Open – Men's Singles|2003]], [[2005 French Open – Men's Singles|2005]], [[2007 French Open – Men's Singles|2007]],<br> [[2009 French Open – Men's Singles|2009]], [[2013 French Open – Men's Singles|2013]]) |Wimbledonresult=3R ([[2003 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles|2003]], [[2009 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles|2009]], [[2013 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles|2013]]) |USOpenresult=4R ([[2001 U.S. Open – Men's Singles|2001]], [[2004 U.S. Open – Men's Singles|2004]], [[2005 U.S. Open – Men's Singles|2005]],<br> [[2006 U.S. Open – Men's Singles|2006]], [[2008 US Open – Men's Singles|2008]], [[2009 US Open – Men's Singles|2009]], [[2010 US Open – Men's Singles|2010]]) |Othertournaments=yes |MastersCupresult=RR ([[2006 Tennis Masters Cup – Singles|2006]]) |Olympicsresult=3R ([[Tennis at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's singles|2004]]) |doublesrecord=147–158 |doublestitles=5 |highestdoublesranking=No. 16 (20 Aprile 2009) |currentdoublesranking=No. 204 (12 Juin 2017) |grandslamsdoublesresults=yes |AustralianOpenDoublesresult=QF ([[2003 Australian Open – Men's Doubles|2003]]) |FrenchOpenDoublesresult=QF ([[2009 French Open – Men's Doubles|2009]]) |WimbledonDoublesresult=QF ([[2010 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Doubles|2010]]) |USOpenDoublesresult=SF ([[2004 U.S. Open – Men's Doubles|2004]], [[2008 US Open – Men's Doubles|2008]], [[2010 US Open – Men's Doubles|2010]]) |Team=yes |DavisCupresult='''W''' ([[2004 Davis Cup|2004]], [[2008 Davis Cup|2008]], [[2009 Davis Cup|2009]]) HopmanCupresult='''W''' ([[2002 Hopman Cup|2002]]) }} {{spanish name 2|first=Robredo|second=Garcés}} '''Tommy Robredo Garcés''' ({{IPA-es|ˈtomi roˈβɾeðo ɣarˈθes}}, {{IPA-ca|ɣərˈses|lang}}; born 1 Mey 1982 in [[Hostalric]], [[Province o Girona|Girona]]) is a Spaingie professional tennis player.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atpworldtour.com/Tennis/Players/Top-Players/Tommy-Robredo.aspx |title=Tommy Robredo |work=ATP World Tour |accessdate=10 July 2010 }}</ref> His career-heich singles rankin is warld no. 5, which he reached in August 2006 soon efter winnin the [[Hamburg Masters]]. He turned professional in 1998 an wis coached bi [[Jose Clavet|José Manuel "Pepo" Clavet]] an is nou coached bi Karim Perona. Robredo considers his [[forehand]] tae be his best shot, an [[clay coort|reid clay]] is his favorite surface. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== * {{ATP|id=R419}} * {{ITF male profile|number=30015751}} * {{DavisCupplayerlink|id=30015751}} * [http://www.tommy-robredo.com/ Offeecial Steid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220092422/http://www.tommy-robredo.com/ |date=2011-02-20 }} * [http://www.tommyrobredo.net/ TommyRobredo.net (fansite)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060813120349/http://www.tommyrobredo.net/ |date=2006-08-13 }} * [http://community.livejournal.com/tommyrobredo Tommy Robredo Fans (fan forum an newsgroop)] * [http://luv1stsite.proboards20.com/ Tommy Robredo Forum (fan forum)] {{Australian Open boys' doubles champions}} {{French Open boys' doubles champions}} {{Tap Spainyie male tennis players}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Robredo, Tommy}} [[Category:Australian Open junior champions]] [[Category:Catalan tennis players]] [[Category:French Open junior champions]] [[Category:Hopman Cup competitors]] [[Category:Olympic tennis players o Spain]] [[Category:Fowk frae Selva]] [[Category:Spaingie male tennis players]] [[Category:Tennis players at the 2004 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Tennis players at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:1982 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] ljwyph6a4ih1qtkhrd5xahtqicpvg7c Desouk 0 79646 901328 852902 2024-12-18T11:53:22Z Cobra 3000 28371 Pit in tags 901328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Needs Mair Soorces}}[[File:Desouk-Montage.png|300px|thumbnail|Desouk.]] '''Desouk''' ({{lang-ar|دسوق}} {{transl|arz|dɪˈsuːʔ}}) is a ceety in the [[Kafr el-Sheikh Govrenorate]], [[Egyp]], aboot 167nbsp;km north o [[Cairo]], in the Nile Delta. Fae Dizember 2009, the toun haed a population o 129,604 fowk. ==Notable residents== *Ibrahim El-Desouki, Muslim saunt. *Ahmed Zewail, Egyptian-American scientist.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sis.gov.eg/VR/figures/english/html/a1.htm|title=Egyptian figures, Ahmed H. Zewail|publisher=sis.gov.eg|accessdate=2010-12-28|archive-date=2010-10-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101016003736/http://www.sis.gov.eg/VR/figures/english/html/a1.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}}{{Stub/EgypGeo}} {{coord|31|8|32|N|30|38|42|E|display=title}} [[Category:Kafr el-Sheik Govrenorate]] [[Category:Populatit places in Egyp]] ear6yyhc0sbqai8ebi5dfnnz82rbxx4 901329 901328 2024-12-18T11:54:03Z Cobra 3000 28371 Sortit oot issue wi airticle text 901329 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Needs Mair Soorces}}[[File:Desouk-Montage.png|300px|thumbnail|Desouk.]] '''Desouk''' ({{lang-ar|دسوق}} {{transl|arz|dɪˈsuːʔ}}) is a ceety in the [[Kafr el-Sheikh Govrenorate]], [[Egyp]], aboot 167km north o [[Cairo]], in the Nile Delta. Fae Dizember 2009, the toun haed a population o 129,604 fowk. ==Notable residents== *Ibrahim El-Desouki, Muslim saunt. *Ahmed Zewail, Egyptian-American scientist.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sis.gov.eg/VR/figures/english/html/a1.htm|title=Egyptian figures, Ahmed H. Zewail|publisher=sis.gov.eg|accessdate=2010-12-28|archive-date=2010-10-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101016003736/http://www.sis.gov.eg/VR/figures/english/html/a1.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}}{{Stub/EgypGeo}} {{coord|31|8|32|N|30|38|42|E|display=title}} [[Category:Kafr el-Sheik Govrenorate]] [[Category:Populatit places in Egyp]] b4vovxr7no0ke17g97le2mfrhf4qjyy Chris Martin 0 89145 901312 898095 2024-12-18T03:05:34Z Potatoe1985 114880 eeeeeeekkkkghyhff 901312 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Chris Martin | image = Coldplay Music Midtown.jpg | image_size = 1440px | caption = Music Midtown (Piedmont Park) in [[Atlanta]], GA on 24 September 2011 | alias = | birth_name = Christopher Anthony John Martin | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1977|03|02}} | birth_place = [[Exeter]], [[Devon]], Ingland | spouse = {{marriage|[[Gwyneth Paltrow]]|2003|2014}} | occupation = {{flatlist| * Musician * singer-songwriter * producer }} | years_active = 1996–present | module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed = yes | background = solo_singer | instrument = {{flatlist| * Vocals * guitar * keyboards }} | genre = {{flatlist| * [[Alternative rock]] * [[post-Britpop]] }} | label = {{flatlist| * [[Parlophone]] * [[Capitol Records|Capitol]] * [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]] }} | associated_acts = {{flatlist| * [[Coldplay]] * [[Rihanna]] * [[Avicii]] }} }} | website = {{URL|www.coldplay.com}} }} '''Christopher Anthony John''' "'''Chris'''" '''Martin''' (born 2 Mairch 1977)<ref>{{cite news|title=Monitor|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_entertainment-weekly_2013-03-08_1249/page/20|newspaper=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=8 Mar 2013|issue=1249|pages=20}}</ref> is an Inglis sangster-sangwriter, the lead vocalist, an co-foonder o the baund [[Coldplay]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Martin, Chris}} [[Category:1977 births]] [[Category:Breetish alternative rock muisickers]] [[Category:Alumni o University College London]] [[Category:Inglis anti–Iraq War activists]] [[Category:Coldplay members]] [[Category:Inglis male sangsters]] [[Category:Inglis rock guitarists]] [[Category:Inglis rock pianists]] [[Category:Inglis rock sangsters]] [[Category:Inglis sangster-sangwriters]] [[Category:Muisickers frae Devon]] [[Category:Fowk eddicatit at Sherborne Schuil]] [[Category:Fowk frae Exeter]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Alternative rock guitarists]] [[Category:Alternative rock sangsters]] [[Category:Alternative rock pianists]] [[Category:20t-century Inglis muisickers]] [[Category:21st-century Inglis muisickers]] aeyoal21dscmt3fvgjm173clz496hm8 901321 901312 2024-12-18T06:47:38Z Tegel 7344 Revertit edit o Potatoe1985, chynged back tae last version bi ToadetteEdit 898095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Chris Martin | image = Coldplay Music Midtown.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = Music Midtown (Piedmont Park) in [[Atlanta]], GA on 24 September 2011 | alias = | birth_name = Christopher Anthony John Martin | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1977|03|02}} | birth_place = [[Exeter]], [[Devon]], Ingland | spouse = {{marriage|[[Gwyneth Paltrow]]|2003|2014}} | occupation = {{flatlist| * Musician * singer-songwriter * producer }} | years_active = 1996–present | module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed = yes | background = solo_singer | instrument = {{flatlist| * Vocals * guitar * keyboards }} | genre = {{flatlist| * [[Alternative rock]] * [[post-Britpop]] }} | label = {{flatlist| * [[Parlophone]] * [[Capitol Records|Capitol]] * [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]] }} | associated_acts = {{flatlist| * [[Coldplay]] * [[Rihanna]] * [[Avicii]] }} }} | website = {{URL|www.coldplay.com}} }} '''Christopher Anthony John''' "'''Chris'''" '''Martin''' (born 2 Mairch 1977)<ref>{{cite news|title=Monitor|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_entertainment-weekly_2013-03-08_1249/page/20|newspaper=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=8 Mar 2013|issue=1249|pages=20}}</ref> is an Inglis sangster-sangwriter, the lead vocalist, an co-foonder o the baund [[Coldplay]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Martin, Chris}} [[Category:1977 births]] [[Category:Breetish alternative rock muisickers]] [[Category:Alumni o University College London]] [[Category:Inglis anti–Iraq War activists]] [[Category:Coldplay members]] [[Category:Inglis male sangsters]] [[Category:Inglis rock guitarists]] [[Category:Inglis rock pianists]] [[Category:Inglis rock sangsters]] [[Category:Inglis sangster-sangwriters]] [[Category:Muisickers frae Devon]] [[Category:Fowk eddicatit at Sherborne Schuil]] [[Category:Fowk frae Exeter]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Alternative rock guitarists]] [[Category:Alternative rock sangsters]] [[Category:Alternative rock pianists]] [[Category:20t-century Inglis muisickers]] [[Category:21st-century Inglis muisickers]] dk6qiq8zha64inx26axiig70x5nnvgr Grand Theft Auto IV 0 91198 901296 900511 2024-12-18T00:03:39Z QuantumFoam66 110742 removed [[Category:Multiplayer an single-player video gemmes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 901296 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox video game | title = Grand Theft Auto IV | image = | developer = [[Rockstar North]]{{efn|Addeetional wirk bi [[Rockstar NYC]], [[Rockstar Lincoln]] and [[Rockstar New England]]; [[Rockstar Toronto]] ported the game to Windows.<ref>{{cite video game |title=Grand Theft Auto IV |developer=[[Rockstar North]] |publisher=[[Rockstar Games]] |date=29 April 2008 |platform=[[Microsoft Windows]], [[PlayStation 3]] and [[Xbox 360]] |version=1.0 |level=Credits}}</ref>}} | publisher = [[Rockstar Games]]{{efn|''Grand Theft Auto IV'' was published in Japan by [[Capcom]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.computerandvideogames.com/195365/capcom-takes-gta-iv-to-japan/ |title=Capcom takes GTA IV to Japan |last=Robinson |first=Andy |work=[[Computer and Video Games]] |publisher=[[Future plc]] |date=16 August 2008 |accessdate=3 December 2014 }}</ref>}} | distributor = [[Take-Two Interactive]] | producer = [[Leslie Benzies]] | programmer = Adam Fowler,<br />Alexander Roger,<br />Obbe Vermeij | artist = Aaron Garbut | writer = [[Dan Houser]],<br />Rupert Humphries | series = ''[[Grand Theft Auto (series)|Grand Theft Auto]]'' | engine = [[Rockstar Advanced Game Engine|RAGE]], wi [[Euphoria (software)|Euphoria]] an [[Bullet (software)|Bullet Physics]] | platforms = [[Microsoft Windows]]<br>[[PlayStation 3]]<br>[[Xbox 360]] | released = '''PlayStation 3''' & '''Xbox 360'''<br>29 Apryle 2008{{efn|''Grand Theft Auto IV'' was released in Japan on 30 October 2008.<ref>{{cite press release |author=[[Rockstar Games]] |title=Rockstar Games Grand Theft Auto IV Japan Release Date |url=http://www.gta4.net/news/4120/release-date-for-japanese-version-announced/ |location=[[New York]] |publisher=[[Take-Two Interactive]] |date=15 August 2008 |accessdate=14 September 2014 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6SZjbrfZn?url=http://www.gta4.net/news/4120/release-date-for-japanese-version-announced/ |archivedate=2014-09-14 |deadurl=no |url-status=live }}</ref>}}<br />'''Microsoft Windows'''<br>{{vgrelease new|v=2|NA|2 December 2008}}{{vgrelease new|v=2|PAL|3 Dizember 2008}} | genre = [[Action-adventur game|Action-adventur]] | modes = [[Single-player video gemme|Single-player]], [[Multiplayer online gemme|online multiplayer]] | media = [[Optical disc]], [[Digital distribution|dounload]] }} '''''Grand Theft Auto IV'''''<!-- Please don't add the abbreviation "GTA IV" here as it isn't used throughout the article and therefore isn't needed --> is a [[open warld]] [[Action-adventur gemme|action-adventur]] [[video gemme]] developit bi [[Rockstar North]] an published bi [[Rockstar Games]]. It wis released on 29 Apryle 2008 for the [[PlayStation 3]] an [[Xbox 360]] consoles, an on 2 Dizember 2008 on [[Microsoft Windows]]. It is the eleivent title in the [[Grand Theft Auto (series)|''Grand Theft Auto'' series]], an the first main entry syne 2004's ''[[Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas]]''. Set athin the feectional [[Liberty City (Grand Theft Auto)|Liberty City]] (based on [[New York Ceety]]), the [[Single-player video gemme|single-player]] story follaes a war veteran, [[Niko Bellic]] an his attempts tae escape his past whilk unner pressur frae lend shairks an mob bosses. The open warld design lets players freely roam Liberty City, consistin o three main islands. Awready in the first week o sax million units o the gemme hae been sauld, makkin a conversion wis obtained o aboot $ 500 million. In addeetion, GTA IV is, accordin tae the Internet Rankings, GameRankings an Metacritic ane o the heichest ratit video gemmes o aw time. == References == '''Notes''' {{notelist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Grand Theft Auto 04}} [[Category:2008 video gemmes]] [[Category:Action-adventur gemmes]] [[Category:Video gemmes wi alternate endins]] [[Category:Grand Theft Auto]] [[Category:Open warld video gemmes]] [[Category:Organisit crime video gemmes]] [[Category:PlayStation 3 gemmes]] [[Category:Rockstar Games]] [[Category:Video gemmes wi dounlaidable content]] [[Category:Video gemmes wi expansion packs]] [[Category:Windows gemmes]] [[Category:Xbox 360 gemmes]] mlwt2yk512o7jcm8wcd3yv7kaarbizm Rodrigues 0 94198 901305 832188 2024-12-18T01:25:39Z Ternera 110877 gif to svg 901305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> | name = Rodrigues | official_name = | native_name = <!-- if different from the English name --> | native_name_lang = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> | other_name = | settlement_type = Autonomous ooter island <!-- images, nickname, motto ---> | image_skyline = | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image = <!-- other image (specify File: or Image: namespace) --> | image_flag = Flag of Rodrigues.svg | flag_size = | flag_alt = | flag_border = | flag_link = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = Coat o airms | blank_emblem_size = | blank_emblem_alt = | blank_emblem_link = | nickname = | motto = {{native phrase|fr|"Travail, Solidarité, Fierté"|italics=off}}<br />{{small|"Labour, Solidarity, Pride"}} | anthem = ''[[Motherland (anthem)|Motherland]]'' <!-- maps and coordinates ------> | image_map = Mauritius location.svg | mapsize = | map_alt = | map_caption = Islands o Mauritius labelled in black. | coordinates = {{coord|19|43|S|63|25|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --> | coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> <!-- location ------------------> | subdivision_type = Kintra | subdivision_name = {{flag|Mauritius}} <!-- established ---------------> | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | established_date = | extinct_title = | extinct_date = | founder = | named_for = <!-- seat, smaller parts -------> | seat_type = Caipital | seat = [[Port Mathurin]] | parts_type = <!-- defaults to: Boroughs --> | parts_style = <!-- list, coll (collapsed list), para (paragraph format) --> | parts = <!-- parts text, or header for parts list --> | p1 = | p2 = <!-- etc., up to p50: for separate parts to be listed--> <!-- government type, leaders --> | government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | government_type = | governing_body = Regional Assembly | leader_party = | leader_title = {{nowrap|[[Chief Commissioner o Rodrigues|Chief Commissioner]]}} | leader_name = [[Serge Clair]] | leader_title1 = [[Chief Executive of Rodrigues|Chief Executive]] | leader_name1 = [[Davis Hee Hong Wye]] | leader_title2 = [[Cabinet o Mauritius|Meenister for Rodrigues]] | leader_name2 = [[Sir Anerood Jugnauth]] <!-- area ----------------------> | area_footnotes = <ref name="geo2">{{cite web |url=http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/abtmtius/menuitem.9eb76f322dcc02984d57241079b521ca/ |title=Geography − location |publisher=Government of Mauritius |accessdate=10 March 2012 |archive-date=2012-11-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114064934/http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/abtmtius/menuitem.9eb76f322dcc02984d57241079b521ca/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink --> | area_total_km2 = 108 | area_total_sq_mi = <!-- see table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details --> | area_total_ha = | area_total_acre = | area_rank = | area_note = <!-- dimensions -----------------> | dimensions_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | length_km = | length_mi = | width_km = | width_mi = <!-- elevation -----------------> | elevation_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | elevation_max_m = | elevation_max_ft = | elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | elevation_min_m = | elevation_min_ft = <!-- population ----------------> | population_footnotes = <ref group=note name=a>Census of 2000</ref> | population_total = 41,669 | population_as_of = 2014 | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = 386 | population_density_sq_mi= | population_est = 38,379<ref name="stats2012">{{cite journal |url=http://statsmauritius.gov.mu/English/StatsbySubj/Documents/ei1127/population.pdf |publisher=Government of Mauritius |title=Population and Vital Statistics Jan-June 2014 |page=n/a |author=Ministry of Finance & Economic Development |date=1 July 2014 |accessdate=1 July 2014 |journal= |archive-date=2014-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903230716/http://statsmauritius.gov.mu/English/StatsbySubj/Documents/ei1127/population.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | pop_est_as_of = 2013 | population_demonym = Rodriguan | population_note = <!-- demographics --> | demographics_type1 = Leids | demographics1_footnotes = <ref group=note name=b>In pairlament Inglis is offeecial an French can be uised.</ref><ref name="article49">{{cite web |url=http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/AssemblySite/menuitem.ee3d58b2c32c60451251701065c521ca/?content_id=4cb54555fc808010VgnVCM100000ca6a12acRCRD |title=Article 49 of The Constitution |publisher=National Assembly of Mauritius |accessdate=1 November 2011 |archive-date=2013-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017130247/http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/AssemblySite/menuitem.ee3d58b2c32c60451251701065c521ca/?content_id=4cb54555fc808010VgnVCM100000ca6a12acRCRD#assembly |url-status=dead }}</ref> | demographics1_title1 = [[Vernacular|Vernacular leids]] | demographics1_info1 = <!-- etc., up to demographics1_title5 / demographics1_info5 -->{{unbulleted list |[[Rodriguan Creole]]|French|English}} <!-- time zone(s) --------------> | timezone1 = [[Mauritius Time|MUT]] | utc_offset1 = +4 <!-- postal codes, area code ---> | postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | postal_code = | geocode = | iso_code = | registration_plate = <!-- blank fields --> | blank_name_sec1 = Cawin code | blank_info_sec1 = [[+230]] | blank1_name_sec1 = Siller | blank1_info_sec1 = [[Mauritian rupee]] ([[ISO 4217|MUR]]) | blank2_name_sec1 = Date format | blank2_info_sec1 = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Anno Domini|AD]]) | blank3_name_sec1 = Drives on | blank3_info_sec1 = left | blank4_name_sec1 = [[cctld|Internet TLD]] | blank4_info_sec1 = [[.mu]] <!-- website, footnotes --------> | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | footnotes = }} '''Rodrigues''' ({{lang-fr|link=no|île Rodrigues}}) is an [[Autonomous admeenistrative diveesion|autonomous]] [[Ooter islands o Mauritius|ooter island]] o the [[Republic o Mauritius]] in the Indian Ocean, aboot {{convert|560|km|mi}}<!--spelled out per WP:MOSNUM--> east o Mauritius.<ref name="geo2"/> ==Notes== <references group="note"/> ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Rodrigues| ]] [[Category:Ooter islands o Mauritius]] [[Category:1968 establishments]] [[Category:States an territories established in the 1960s]] [[Category:Maritime history o Portugal]] [[Category:Inglis-speakin kintras an territories]] [[Category:Umwhile Breetish colonies]] [[Category:Umwhile Dutch colonies]] [[Category:Umwhile French colonies]] [[Category:Volcanoes o Mauritius]] [[Category:Hetspot volcanoes]] [[Category:Miocene volcanism]] [[Category:Pliocene volcanism]] [[Category:Pleistocene volcanism]] 87t2m7qs43vk2sbimnjbyo1wl59ewpc Moscow Time 0 145593 901292 689099 2024-12-17T21:43:31Z Cobra 3000 28371 Pit in tags 901292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Unsoorced}}{{Time zones of Russia}} {{Time zones of Europe}} '''Moscow Time''' ('''MSK''') ({{lang-ru|моско́вское вре́мя}}) is the [[time zone]] for the ceety o [[Moscow]], [[Roushie]], an maist o wastren Roushie, includin [[Saunt Petersburg]]. {{Stub/Time}} [[Category:Time zones]] [[Category:Time in Roushie]] el7es7kmkw685vkic5mqrr0niis2wea Category:Multiplayer an single-player video gemmes 14 165739 901303 898281 2024-12-18T00:05:40Z QuantumFoam66 110742 901303 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Delete|Tuim category}} m96lgza5a8jn9h9pv0k6vlceoieixc4 Category:Video gemmes featurin protagonists o selectable gender 14 168700 901300 586631 2024-12-18T00:04:49Z QuantumFoam66 110742 removed [[Category:Gender an video gemmes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 901300 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Video gemmes bi theme| ]] hyz5jvwa4fhgrqg0gro14ok75xoou5q Fallout (video gemme) 0 179095 901295 676350 2024-12-17T22:02:22Z QuantumFoam66 110742 − 10 categories using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 901295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox video game | title = Fallout | image = Fallout.jpg | developer = [[Interplay Productions]]<ref name=lionheartfaq>{{cite web|url=http://www.rpgplanet.com/lionheart/info-faq.shtml |first=Ian |last=Cheong |publisher=[[GameSpy]] |work=Lionheart Chronicles |title=Game Info |accessdate=2006-07-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060507135447/http://www.rpgplanet.com/lionheart/info-faq.shtml |archivedate=2006-05-07 |df= }}</ref> | publisher = Interplay Productions | director = [[Feargus Urquhart]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/top/game-creators/89.html |website=IGN |title=The Top 100 Game Creators of All Time - 89. Feargus Urquhart |date=2008 |accessdate=November 10, 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412232207/http://www.ign.com/top/game-creators/89.html |archivedate=April 12, 2016 }}</ref><br>[[Tim Cain]]<ref name="Tim">{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/top/game-creators/85.html |title=The Top 100 Game Creators of All Time - 85. Tim Cain |website=IGN |date=2008 |accessdate=November 10, 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160704231115/http://www.ign.com/top/game-creators/85.html |archivedate=July 4, 2016 }}</ref> | producer = [[Brian Fargo]] <br>Tim Cain | designer = [[Christopher Taylor (gemme designer)|Christopher Taylor]] <br> David Hendee <br> Scott Everts | artist = [[Leonard Boyarsky]] <br> [[Jason Anderson (airtist)|Jason D. Anderson]] <br> Gary Platner | programmer = Tim Cain<ref name="Tim"/> <br> [[Chris Jones (gemme developer)|Chris Jones]] <br> Jason Taylor | writer = Scott Campbell <br> Brian Freyermuth <br> Mark O'Green | composer = [[Mark Morgan (componer)|Mark Morgan]] | series = ''[[Fallout (series)|Fallout]]'' | engine = | released = '''MS-DOS'''{{vgrelease|NA|September 30, 1997|EU|1997}}'''Microsoft Windows'''{{vgrelease|NA|September 30, 1997|EU|1997}}'''Mac OS'''{{vgrelease|NA|1997}}'''Mac OS X'''{{vgrelease|NA|2002}} | genre = [[Role-playin video gemme|Role-playing]] | modes = [[Single-player video gemme|Single-player]] | platforms = [[MS-DOS]], [[Microsoft Windows]], [[Classic Mac OS|Mac OS]], [[OS X]] }} '''''Fallout: A Post Nuclear Role Playing Game''''' is an open warld turn-based role-playin' video gemme developed an' published by Interplay Productions in 1997. Th' gam has a post-apocalyptic an' retro-futuristic settin', in th' aftermath ay a global nuclear war in an alternate history timeline mid-22nd century. Th' protagonist ay fallit is an inhabitant ay a vault, long-term shelters, fa is tasked tae fin' a replacement water chip an' sae their vault. ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:MacOS gemmes]] [[Category:Role-playin video gemmes]] [[Category:Single-player video gemmes]] [[Category:Video gemmes developed in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Video gemmes featurin protagonists o selectable gender]] [[Category:Video gemmes wi alternate endins]] [[Category:Windows gemmes]] 5fp2zn0xw225lws9q1cn1f172lt843a 901299 901295 2024-12-18T00:04:13Z QuantumFoam66 110742 removed [[Category:Single-player video gemmes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 901299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox video game | title = Fallout | image = Fallout.jpg | developer = [[Interplay Productions]]<ref name=lionheartfaq>{{cite web|url=http://www.rpgplanet.com/lionheart/info-faq.shtml |first=Ian |last=Cheong |publisher=[[GameSpy]] |work=Lionheart Chronicles |title=Game Info |accessdate=2006-07-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060507135447/http://www.rpgplanet.com/lionheart/info-faq.shtml |archivedate=2006-05-07 |df= }}</ref> | publisher = Interplay Productions | director = [[Feargus Urquhart]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/top/game-creators/89.html |website=IGN |title=The Top 100 Game Creators of All Time - 89. Feargus Urquhart |date=2008 |accessdate=November 10, 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412232207/http://www.ign.com/top/game-creators/89.html |archivedate=April 12, 2016 }}</ref><br>[[Tim Cain]]<ref name="Tim">{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/top/game-creators/85.html |title=The Top 100 Game Creators of All Time - 85. Tim Cain |website=IGN |date=2008 |accessdate=November 10, 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160704231115/http://www.ign.com/top/game-creators/85.html |archivedate=July 4, 2016 }}</ref> | producer = [[Brian Fargo]] <br>Tim Cain | designer = [[Christopher Taylor (gemme designer)|Christopher Taylor]] <br> David Hendee <br> Scott Everts | artist = [[Leonard Boyarsky]] <br> [[Jason Anderson (airtist)|Jason D. Anderson]] <br> Gary Platner | programmer = Tim Cain<ref name="Tim"/> <br> [[Chris Jones (gemme developer)|Chris Jones]] <br> Jason Taylor | writer = Scott Campbell <br> Brian Freyermuth <br> Mark O'Green | composer = [[Mark Morgan (componer)|Mark Morgan]] | series = ''[[Fallout (series)|Fallout]]'' | engine = | released = '''MS-DOS'''{{vgrelease|NA|September 30, 1997|EU|1997}}'''Microsoft Windows'''{{vgrelease|NA|September 30, 1997|EU|1997}}'''Mac OS'''{{vgrelease|NA|1997}}'''Mac OS X'''{{vgrelease|NA|2002}} | genre = [[Role-playin video gemme|Role-playing]] | modes = [[Single-player video gemme|Single-player]] | platforms = [[MS-DOS]], [[Microsoft Windows]], [[Classic Mac OS|Mac OS]], [[OS X]] }} '''''Fallout: A Post Nuclear Role Playing Game''''' is an open warld turn-based role-playin' video gemme developed an' published by Interplay Productions in 1997. Th' gam has a post-apocalyptic an' retro-futuristic settin', in th' aftermath ay a global nuclear war in an alternate history timeline mid-22nd century. Th' protagonist ay fallit is an inhabitant ay a vault, long-term shelters, fa is tasked tae fin' a replacement water chip an' sae their vault. ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:MacOS gemmes]] [[Category:Role-playin video gemmes]] [[Category:Video gemmes developed in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Video gemmes featurin protagonists o selectable gender]] [[Category:Video gemmes wi alternate endins]] [[Category:Windows gemmes]] t8tg4fymgf803d1inxwd3j45s6uwus2 Category:Video gemmes wi alternate endins 14 179286 901301 612717 2024-12-18T00:05:03Z QuantumFoam66 110742 removed [[Category:Feection wi alternate endins]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 901301 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Video gemmes bi theme|Alternate]] 5jd6hn2od0iwtr1cflzqcm2fa3xnevb Category:Single-player video gemmes 14 203395 901294 900594 2024-12-17T22:01:44Z QuantumFoam66 110742 removed [[Category:Video gemmes bi gemme mode]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 901294 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Single-player gemmes]] 575ju2bu2nez6eo5xncbvia257jhecd 901302 901294 2024-12-18T00:05:33Z QuantumFoam66 110742 901302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Delete|Tuim category}} m96lgza5a8jn9h9pv0k6vlceoieixc4 The Last of Us Part II 0 204339 901298 899387 2024-12-18T00:03:54Z QuantumFoam66 110742 removed [[Category:Multiplayer an single-player video gemmes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 901298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Fixscots}} {{Infobox video game | title = The Last of Us Part II | image = The Last of Us Part II logo.svg | image_size = 275 | caption = | alt = | developer = [[Naughty Dog]] | publisher = [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]] | director = {{Unbulleted list|[[Neil Druckmann]]|Anthony Newman|Kurt Margenau}} | designer = {{Unbulleted list|Emilia Schatz|Richard Cambier}} | programmer = | artist = | writer = {{Unbulleted list|Neil Druckmann|Halley Gross}} | composer = [[Gustavo Santaolalla]] | series = <!-- Blank because of Wikidata --> | engine = <!-- Blank because of Wikidata --> | platforms = [[PlayStation 4]] | released = [[19 Juin]] [[2020]] | genre = [[Action-adventur gemme|Action-adventur]], [[survival horror]] | modes = [[Single-player video gemme|Single-player]], [[multiplayer]] }} '''''The Last of Us Part II''''' is a [[action-adventur gemme]] developit bi [[Naughty Dog]] an published bi [[Sony Interactive Entertainment]] for [[PlayStation 4]]. Set five years efter ''[[The Last of Us]]'' (2013), the gemme focuses on twa [[playable characters]] in [[post-apocalyptic]] Unitit States whose lives intertwine: [[:en:Ellie (The Last of Us)|Ellie]], wha sets oot for revenge efter sufferin a tragedy, an Abby, a sodger wha becomes involvit in a conflict atween her militia an a releegious cult. It is considert bi creetics tae be ane o the best video gemmes o the generation an hes received various awairds, includin Ultimate Game of the Year at the Golden Joystick Awards 2020 an Game of the Year at [[The Game Awards]] 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/game/playstation-4/the-last-of-us-part-ii|title=The Last of Us Part II|website=Metacritic|language=en|accessdate=2020-07-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://multiplayer.it/giochi/the-last-of-us-part-ii-per-ps4.html|title=The Last of Us Parte II|website=Multiplayer.it|language=it|accessdate=2020-07-28}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} == Freemit airtins == *{{Official website|http://www.thelastofus.playstation.com/}} *{{IMDB title|6298000}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Last of Us Part II, The}} [[Category:Action-adventur gemmes]] [[Category:Horror video gemmes]] [[Category:PlayStation 4 gemmes]] [[Category:Survival video gemmes]] [[Category:Video gemme sequels]] [[Category:Video gemmes featurin female protagonists]] [[Category:Sony Interactive Entertainment gemmes]] 3eafxa2b8b11j55y7xxgq8j5wtdtwjv Human: Fall Flat 0 209084 901293 892658 2024-12-17T22:01:17Z QuantumFoam66 110742 − 4 categories using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 901293 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox video game | title = Human: Fall Flat | image = Human Fall Flat logo.png | developer = No Brakes Games{{efn|Portit tae mobile platforms bi Codeglue.}} | publisher = [[Curve Digital]]{{efn|Mobile port o the gemme wis published bi [[505 Games]].}} | producer = Tomas Sakalauskas<ref name="gamesindustry">{{Cite web |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2018-02-15-why-2m-sales-means-the-human-fall-flat-developer-never-has-to-work-in-it-again |title=Why 2m sales means the Human: Fall Flat developer never has to work in IT again |website=GamesIndustry.biz |language=en |access-date=19 December 2018}}</ref> | writer = | director = Tomas Sakalauskas | artist = | composer = | genre = [[Platform gemme|Platform]]-[[Puzzle video gemme|puzzle]] | modes = [[Single-player video gemme|Single-player]], [[multiplayer video gemme|multiplayer]] | engine = [[Unity (game ingine)|Unity]] | platforms = {{Unbulleted list|[[Microsoft Windows]]|[[Linux]]|[[MacOS]]|[[PlayStation 4]]|[[Xbox One]]|[[Nintendo Switch]]|[[iOS]]|[[Android (operating system)|Android]]}} | released = {{Unbulleted list|'''Microsoft Windows, Linux, MacOS'''|22 Julie 2016|'''PlayStation 4'''|9 Mey 2017|'''Xbox One'''|12 Mey 2017|'''Nintendo Switch'''|7 Dizember 2017|'''iOS, Android'''|26 Juin 2019}} }} '''''Human: Fall Flat''''' is a [[platform gemme|platform]]-[[puzzle video gemme|puzzle]] video gemme developit bi Lithuanian studio No Brakes Games an published bi [[Curve Digital]]. It wis released for [[Microsoft Windows]], [[Linux]] an [[MacOS]] in Julie 2016, wi [[PlayStation 4]] an [[Xbox One]] versions in Mey 2017 an a [[Nintendo Switch]] version in Dizember 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2017-08-11-the-flame-in-the-flood-human-fall-flat-headed-to-nintendo-switch |title=The Flame in the Flood, Human: Fall Flat headed to Nintendo Switch |last=Phillips |first=Tom |date=11 August 2017 |website=[[Eurogamer]] |accessdate=22 November 2017}}</ref> A mobile port developit bi Codeglue an published bi [[505 Games]] wis released in 26 Juin 2019 for [[iOS]] an [[Android (operatin seestem)|Android]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.androidpolice.com/2019/06/20/human-fall-flat-is-coming-to-android-thanks-to-a-partnership-between-505-games-and-curve-digital/|title=Human: Fall Flat is coming to Android thanks to a partnership between 505 Games and Curve Digital|last=Sholtz|first=Matthew|date=2019-06-20|website=Android Police|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-06-27}}</ref> ''Human: Fall Flat'' wis made bi a single developer, Tomas Sakalauskas, an haes receivit mixed reviews. Reviewers praised the replayability o the puzzles an comedic animations. The gemme haes sauld mair nor 4 million copies. ==Notelist== {{notelist}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{Official website|http://www.nobrakesgames.com/human/}} *[https://apps.apple.com/app/human-fall-flat/id1438091392/ Human: Fall Flat on App Store] *[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.and.games505.humanfallflat/ Human: Fall Flat on Google Play]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Category:2016 video gemmes]] [[Category:Android (operatin seestem) gemmes]] [[Category:IOS gemmes]] [[Category:Nintendo Switch gemmes]] [[Category:PlayStation 4 gemmes]] [[Category:Platform gemmes]] [[Category:Windows gemmes]] [[Category:Xbox One gemmes]] [[Category:Multiplayer an single-player video gemmes]] hny00eeo00eefo7wp310zl101hk40q3 901297 901293 2024-12-18T00:03:45Z QuantumFoam66 110742 removed [[Category:Multiplayer an single-player video gemmes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 901297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox video game | title = Human: Fall Flat | image = Human Fall Flat logo.png | developer = No Brakes Games{{efn|Portit tae mobile platforms bi Codeglue.}} | publisher = [[Curve Digital]]{{efn|Mobile port o the gemme wis published bi [[505 Games]].}} | producer = Tomas Sakalauskas<ref name="gamesindustry">{{Cite web |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2018-02-15-why-2m-sales-means-the-human-fall-flat-developer-never-has-to-work-in-it-again |title=Why 2m sales means the Human: Fall Flat developer never has to work in IT again |website=GamesIndustry.biz |language=en |access-date=19 December 2018}}</ref> | writer = | director = Tomas Sakalauskas | artist = | composer = | genre = [[Platform gemme|Platform]]-[[Puzzle video gemme|puzzle]] | modes = [[Single-player video gemme|Single-player]], [[multiplayer video gemme|multiplayer]] | engine = [[Unity (game ingine)|Unity]] | platforms = {{Unbulleted list|[[Microsoft Windows]]|[[Linux]]|[[MacOS]]|[[PlayStation 4]]|[[Xbox One]]|[[Nintendo Switch]]|[[iOS]]|[[Android (operating system)|Android]]}} | released = {{Unbulleted list|'''Microsoft Windows, Linux, MacOS'''|22 Julie 2016|'''PlayStation 4'''|9 Mey 2017|'''Xbox One'''|12 Mey 2017|'''Nintendo Switch'''|7 Dizember 2017|'''iOS, Android'''|26 Juin 2019}} }} '''''Human: Fall Flat''''' is a [[platform gemme|platform]]-[[puzzle video gemme|puzzle]] video gemme developit bi Lithuanian studio No Brakes Games an published bi [[Curve Digital]]. It wis released for [[Microsoft Windows]], [[Linux]] an [[MacOS]] in Julie 2016, wi [[PlayStation 4]] an [[Xbox One]] versions in Mey 2017 an a [[Nintendo Switch]] version in Dizember 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2017-08-11-the-flame-in-the-flood-human-fall-flat-headed-to-nintendo-switch |title=The Flame in the Flood, Human: Fall Flat headed to Nintendo Switch |last=Phillips |first=Tom |date=11 August 2017 |website=[[Eurogamer]] |accessdate=22 November 2017}}</ref> A mobile port developit bi Codeglue an published bi [[505 Games]] wis released in 26 Juin 2019 for [[iOS]] an [[Android (operatin seestem)|Android]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.androidpolice.com/2019/06/20/human-fall-flat-is-coming-to-android-thanks-to-a-partnership-between-505-games-and-curve-digital/|title=Human: Fall Flat is coming to Android thanks to a partnership between 505 Games and Curve Digital|last=Sholtz|first=Matthew|date=2019-06-20|website=Android Police|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-06-27}}</ref> ''Human: Fall Flat'' wis made bi a single developer, Tomas Sakalauskas, an haes receivit mixed reviews. Reviewers praised the replayability o the puzzles an comedic animations. The gemme haes sauld mair nor 4 million copies. ==Notelist== {{notelist}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== *{{Official website|http://www.nobrakesgames.com/human/}} *[https://apps.apple.com/app/human-fall-flat/id1438091392/ Human: Fall Flat on App Store] *[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.and.games505.humanfallflat/ Human: Fall Flat on Google Play]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Category:2016 video gemmes]] [[Category:Android (operatin seestem) gemmes]] [[Category:IOS gemmes]] [[Category:Nintendo Switch gemmes]] [[Category:PlayStation 4 gemmes]] [[Category:Platform gemmes]] [[Category:Windows gemmes]] [[Category:Xbox One gemmes]] a4hjpqo68uwjhb1np7iwusxocat8wm0 Ben Lomond 0 211861 901285 900403 2024-12-17T15:48:57Z AmarylIisGardner 114872 901285 wikitext text/x-wiki 901286 901285 2024-12-17T15:52:03Z CiphriusKane 74958 Revertit edit o AmarylIisGardner, chynged back tae last version bi CiphriusKane 900403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Featurt airticle}} {{Infobox mountain | name = Ben Lomond |other_name = ''Beinn Laomainn'' | photo = Loch lomond1.jpg | photo_caption = Ben Lomond leukin north athort Loch<br>Lomond at the watterline | elevation_m = 974 | elevation_ref = <ref name="hillbaggin">{{cite web |url=http://www.hill-bagging.co.uk/mountaindetails.php?qu=M&rf=32 |title=Ben Lomond |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=2019 |publisher=Hill Bagging - the online version of the Database of British and Irish Hills (DoBIH)|accessdate=19 June 2019|language=Inglis}}</ref> | prominence_m = 820 | prominence_ref= [[Leet o muntains o the Breetish Isles bi relative heicht|Rankit 30t]] in [[Breetish Isles]] | parent_peak = [[Ben More (Crianlarich)|Ben More]] | listing = [[Munro]], [[Marilyn (hill)|Marilyn]], [[Leet o Scots coonties bi heichest pynt|Coonty tap]] ([[Stirlinshire]]) | translation = Baikon muntain | language = | pronunciation = {{IPA-gd|peɲˈl̪ˠɯːmɪɲ|lang|beinnlaomainn.ogg}} | location = <center>[[Loch Lomond]], Scotland</center> | range = [[Grampian Muntains]] | map = UK Scotland | range_coordinates = | coordinates = {{coord|56.19063|N|4.63317|W|type:mountain_region:GB_scale:100000_source:enwiki-osgb36(NN367029)|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_ref = | grid_ref_UK = NN367029 | topo = [[Ordinance Survey|OS]] ''Landranger'' 56 an ''Explorer'' 364 }} '''Ben Lomond''' ([[Scots Gaelic]]: '''Beinn Laomainn''') is a muntain in the [[Scots Hielands]], at it's summit it haes a heich o {{convert|974|m|ft}} abuin sea level.<ref name="hillbaggin" /> The muntain is locatit on the east bank o [[Loch Lomond]] within the [[Loch Lomond an The Trossachs Naitional Pairk]]. It is the soothmaist o the [[Munro]]s.<ref name="visitscot">{{cite web|url=https://www.visitscotland.com/see-do/active/walking/munro-bagging/beginners/|language=Inglis|title=11 stunning Munros suitable for beginners}}</ref> ==Geographie== Ben Lomond appears tae hae a conical shape whan luiked at frae the [[Arrochar Alps]] nearby but it haes a craggy corrie heich up on it's northren side.<ref name="munro-magic">{{cite web|url=http://www.munromagic.com/MountainInfo.cfm?Mountain=184|title=Ben Lomond (Munro Magic)|accessdate=29 January 2010|language=Inglis|archive-date=2017-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629022202/http://www.munromagic.com/MountainInfo.cfm?Mountain=184|url-status=dead}}</ref> The muntain comprises twa parallel sooth-sootheastren ridges: the Sròn Aonaich ridge tae the east and the Ptarmigan ridge tae the wast. At the north o the summit these ridges come thegither an meet at a {{convert|456|m}} col wae Cruin a' Bheinn, a [[Graham (hill)|Graham]]. The summit is gressy and craggy an is merkit bi a [[triangulation pillar]]. ==Geologie== Ben Lomond's geologie is maistly makkit up frae [[granite]], [[mica schist]], [[diorite]], [[porphyry (geology)|porphyry]] an [[quartzite]].<ref name="Britannica">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Ben Lomond}}</ref> Ben Lomond ligs on the [[Scots watershed]], the [[drainage divide]] that separates the watter systems flowin tae the east frae the anes that flow tae the wast. ==Weys o ascent== The maist popular wey up Ben Lomond is kent as the 'tourist peth',<ref name="munro-magic"/><ref name="WalkH">{{cite web|url=http://www.walkhighlands.co.uk/lochlomond/ben-lomond.shtml|title=Ben Lomond (Walk Highlands)|accessdate=30 September 2020|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20091215025822/http://www.walkhighlands.co.uk/lochlomond/ben-lomond.shtml|archivedate= 15 December 2009|url-status= live|language=Inglis}}</ref><ref name="InCall">{{cite web|url=http://incallander.co.uk/walks/benlomond.htm|title=Climb Ben Lomond|publisher=In Callander|accessdate=24 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525035644/http://www.incallander.co.uk/walks/benlomond.htm|archive-date=25 May 2009|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525035644/http://www.incallander.co.uk/walks/benlomond.htm |date=2009-05-25 }}</ref> a wide, erodit<ref name="munro-magic"/> an weel paddit peth that is rouchly causeyed at steeper pairts.<ref name="InCall"/> This wey up wis creatit on accoount o The Ben bein ane o the maist weel kent<ref name="Howie08">{{cite web|author=Robin Howie |url=http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/scotsmanmagazine/Walk-on-the-wild-side.4432500.jp |title=Walk on the wild side: A climb up the tourist wey of Ben Lomond |publisher=[[The Scotsman]] | work = Media |date=27 August 2008 |accessdate=24 January 2010|language=Inglis}}</ref><ref name="NTS">{{cite web|url=http://www.nts.org.uk/Property/11/|title=Ben Lomond|publisher=National Trust for Scotland|accessdate=24 January 2010|language=Inglis}}</ref> muntains in [[Scotland]] wae climmers, it gaes up the myld Sròn Aonaich ridge afore gaun abuin tae a steeper section taewart the pynt. Anither peth follaes the Ptarmigan ridge tae the summit alang a steeper an craggier peth.<ref name="WalkH"/> The Ptarmigan peth is the seicont maist popular wey up, follit bi a third peth that gaes up frae Gleann Dubh.<ref name="Howie08"/> Awthou the tourist peth is no considert a difficult ane, Ben Lomond can still pruive tae be a challenge tae walkers wioot muckle experience, mair sae in ill wather.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/glasgow_and_west/7782289.stm|title=Lost walkers spark police anger |publisher=[[BBC News]] | date=14 December 2008 |accessdate=24 January 2010|language=Inglis}}</ref> The dedicatit Lomond Mountain Rescue Team haes been active syne 1967 assistin walkers an climmers on Ben Lomond as weel as ither nearby pynts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lomondmrt.org.uk/index.php|title=Lomond MRT|accessdate=24 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521090824/http://www.lomondmrt.org.uk/index.php|archive-date=21 May 2011|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521090824/http://www.lomondmrt.org.uk/index.php |date=2011-05-21 }}</ref> <gallery widths="200" heights="160"> File:Ben Lomond - summit ridge.jpg|A walker gaun doon the tourist peth, seen frae the summit in Januar 2010. File:Ben Lomond from Ptarmigan.jpg|The summit o Ben Lomond seen frae heicht up on the Ptarmigan ridge in Januar 2010. </gallery> ==Fauna== The heich pairts o the muntain haes an [[alpine tundra]] ecologie, hame tae species o birds includin [[Peregrine falcon|peregrine falcon]]s, [[merlin (bird)|merlin]]s, [[Rock Ptarmigan|rock ptarmigan]]s, [[Reid Groose|red grouse]] and [[Gowden Eagle|gowden eagle]]s.<ref name="BTOrnithology">{{cite web|url=http://www.lochlomond-trossachs.org/learning/muntains-and-moorland/menu-id-304.html|title=Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park|accessdate=24 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607223949/http://www.lochlomond-trossachs.org/learning/muntains-and-moorland/menu-id-304.html|archive-date=7 June 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|language=Inglis}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A study bi the [[British Trust for Ornithology]] fund that Ben Lomond micht hae the maist soothren breedin ptarmigan population in Scotland,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/north_east/7822989.stm|title=Southerly ptarmigan decline fears |publisher=[[BBC News]] | date=1 February 2009 |accessdate=24 January 2010}}</ref> follaein the drap in nummers o the populations on [[Goatfell]] an the [[Isle o Arran|Arran]] muntains, mibbie as a result o [[climate chynge]]. The muntain area is uised for fermin sheep an aw. The [[National Trust for Scotland]] is taskit wae managin the laund, ettlein tae fin a balance atween wildlife conservation an the laund available for fermin.<ref name="NTS" /> ==Memorial Pairk== The area aroon Ben Lomond, includin the muntain summit, haes been designatit as a [[war memorial]] cried the Ben Lomond Naitional Memorial Pairk syne 1995.<ref name="NTS"/> The pairk is dedicatit tae the fawen o the [[World War I|First]] an [[World War II|Seicont]] Warld Wars, an wis creatit oot o the former Rowardennan Estate wae the backin o the [[National Heritage Memorial Fund]].<ref name="ScotGov-Memorial-Appenin">{{cite web|url=http://www.scotland.gov.uk/News/Releases/1997/11/1bcd537f-eaff-469b-baaa-d239f0472582|title=Donald Dewar opens Ben Lomond National Memorial Park|publisher=The Scottish Government|date=11 November 1997|accessdate=29 September 2020|language=Inglis|trans-title=Donald Dewar appens the Ben Lomond Naitional Memorial Pairk}}</ref> The memorial pairk is managed bi the [[National Trust for Scotland|Naitional Trust for Scotland]]<ref name="NTS-Memorial>{{cite web|url=https://www.nts.org.uk/visit/places/ben-lomond/highlights/national-memorial-park|title=National Trust Scotland — National Memorial Park|access-date=1 October 2020|language=Inglis}}</ref> The memorial pairk wis officially appent on [[Armistice Day]] in 1997 bi the Rt Hon [[Donald Dewar]] the [[Secretar o State for Scotland]] at the time. Dewar later becam the first [[First Meenister o Scotland]]. At the appenin ceremony Dewar presentit a granite sculptur bi Doug Cocker, a Scots airtist wha haed won a competition held bi the Scots Sculptur Trust tae design a permanent [[monument]] for the pairk.<ref name="ScotGov-Memorial-Appenin"/> ==Etymology== The nem ''Ben Lomond'' is widely greed tae mean "baikon muntain" or "baikon hill".<ref>{{cite web |title=Ben Lomond |url=https://www.stevenfallon.co.uk/benlomond.html |website=Steven Fallon - Mountain Adventures|language=Inglis}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Harland |first1=Jack P |title=Highland Journal: 1. The Making of a Hillwalker, Volume 1 |date=12 Jun 2018 |publisher=Troubador Publishing Ltd |isbn=9781789013252 |page=47 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ApdeDwAAQBAJ&dq|language=Inglis}}</ref> ''Lomond'' is a [[Brythonic leids|Brythonic]] nem an comes frae the element ''lumon'' meanin "a baikon" (the relatit [[Welsh leid|Welsh]] wird ''llumon'' is frae the same root).<ref name="bliton">{{cite web |last1=James |first1=Alan |title=A Guide to the Place-Name Evidence |url=http://spns.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Alan_James_Brittonic_Language_in_the_Old_North_BLITON_Volume_II_Dictionary.pdf |website=SPNS - The Brittonic Language in the Old North |accessdate=25 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813011121/http://spns.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Alan_James_Brittonic_Language_in_the_Old_North_BLITON_Volume_II_Dictionary.pdf |archive-date=13 August 2017 |url-status=dead }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813011121/http://spns.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Alan_James_Brittonic_Language_in_the_Old_North_BLITON_Volume_II_Dictionary.pdf |date=2017-08-13 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Townsend |first1=Chris |title=Scotland |date=30 March 2011 |publisher=Cicerone Press Limited |isbn=9781849653534 |page=101 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XPoRSLTkhtsC&dq |accessdate=18 January 2019|language=Inglis}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bede |first1=Cuthbert |title=A Tour in Tartan-land |date=1863 |publisher=R. Bentley |location=Scotland |page=[https://archive.org/details/atourintartanla00bedegoog/page/n189 170|language=Inglis] |url=https://archive.org/details/atourintartanla00bedegoog |accessdate=18 January 2019}}</ref> This element, that is the origin o the [[Scots language|Scots]] wird lum an aw,<ref name="bliton" /> can be fund in the nems o ither hills an muntains lik the [[Lomond Hills]] in [[Fife]] an [[Pumlumon]] in [[Wales]].<ref name="bliton" /> As wae thae hills, Ben Lomond is likly tae hae been thoucht o as a central pynt, likly the meetin-pynt o monie territorial boundaries, whaur a baikon may hae aften been lit.<ref name="bliton" /> ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Munros]] [[Category:Marilyns o Scotland]] [[Category:Muntains an hills o the Soothren Hielands]] [[Category:Muntains an hills o Stirlin (cooncil area)]] [[Category:National Trust for Scotland properties]] [[Category:Heichest pynts o historic Scots coonties]] [[Category:Loch Lomond]] 7dowlip0zcu2m321z7mfcb1o8f8wkqj Muthoni Kirima 0 231136 901317 886767 2024-12-18T05:46:58Z CommonsDelinker 411 Removin' "Muthoni_wa_Kirima.jpg", it haes bin deletit frum Commons by [[commons:User:Krd|Krd]] coz: No permission since 10 December 2024. 901317 wikitext text/x-wiki Field-Marshal '''Muthoni wa Kirima''' (1931 – 4 Septemmer 2023) wis a muckle fechter i Mau Mau's 1950s rebellion agin the Britane colonial ring. Fyow Mau Mau weemen becam acteeve fechters, an Muthoni wis the anerly wimman tae hae won the Mau Mau rank o field-marshal.<ref>{{Citation|last=K24TV|title=Muthoni Kirima, The Only Female Mau Mau Field Marshal|date=1 June 2014|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HumgmvtYKoA|access-date=8 December 2016}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=Bitter, betrayed but buoyant|language=en-UK|work=Daily Nation|url=http://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/DN2/Bitter-betrayed-but-buoyant/957860-1538910-fsnoa8z/index.html|access-date=8 December 2016}}</ref> Muthoni Kirima deid i [[Nairobi]] on the 4 Septemmer 2023, eildit 92.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sammy|first=Mose|date=5 September 2023|title=Field-Marshal Muthoni wa Kirima is dead|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/national/article/2001480801/field-marshal-muthoni-wa-kirima-is-dead|access-date=5 September 2023|website=The Standard}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} [[Category:2023 daiths]] [[Category:1931 births]] [[Category:Kenyae]] [[Category:Weemen]] [[Category:Field Marshals]] 1y38guh9twc6a410d5jr0a3jy202du6 Category:Single-player gemmes 14 232091 901304 898167 2024-12-18T00:05:51Z QuantumFoam66 110742 901304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Delete|Tuim category}} m96lgza5a8jn9h9pv0k6vlceoieixc4 Uiser:Potatoe1985 2 232275 901327 2024-12-18T08:58:51Z CiphriusKane 74958 Makin page ti nae shaw abuise fae metawiki 901327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{clear}} qzklkpt3gsp0l2qms245uuqvby1d9qv