Wikipedia scowiki https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.8 first-letter Media Special Collogue Uiser Uiser collogue Wikipedia Wikipedia collogue File File collogue MediaWiki MediaWiki collogue Template Template collogue Help Help collogue Category Category collogue Portal Portal talk Define Define talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk 0 1704 901619 901578 2025-01-01T01:43:05Z RabbieBurnsGhost 114955 Chynged spelling of denoting what the englis caw "the kingdom of prussia" to the Kinrick of Proushie. My reasonin bein that if we use Roushie for inglis "Russia" the register should remain the same. Took oot some symbols in front of scots words an aw. 901619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description| German Philosopher}} {{Infobox person | name = Karl Marx | honorific_suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FRSA}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Letter from Karl Marx accepting membership of the Society 1862 |url=http://www.calmview2.eu/RSA/CalmViewA/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=RSA%2fSC%2fIM%2f701%2fS1000&pos=9 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416202116/http://www.calmview2.eu/RSA/CalmViewA/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=RSA%2fSC%2fIM%2f701%2fS1000&pos=9 |archive-date=16 April 2018 |access-date=19 August 2022 |website=[[Royal Society of Arts]]}}</ref> | image = Karl Marx 001 (rotated).jpg | alt = | caption = Marx in 1875 | birth_name = Karl Marx{{efn|name=name|His name was spelled ''Carl Marx'' in the birth register of [[Trier]] and he occasionally used this spelling in official contexts up to the 1840s. His full name is sometimes given as ''Karl Heinrich Marx'', but he never officially had a middle name, using the forms ''Karl Heinrich'' or ''Carl Heinrich'' (with his father's first name added after his own) only several times as a student.{{sfn|Heinrich|2019|pp=34–35}}}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1818|5|5}} | birth_place = [[Trier]], [[Kinrick o Proushie]], [[German Confederation]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1883|3|14|1818|5|5}} | death_place = London, England | burial_place = [[Tomb of Karl Marx]] | nationality = {{Plainlist| * [[Prussia|Prussian]] (1818–1845) * [[Statelessness|Stateless]] (after 1845) }} | education = {{Plainlist| * [[Varsity of Bonn]] * [[Varsity of Berlin]] * [[Varsity of Jena]] (PhD, 1841) }} | spouse = {{Marriage|[[Jenny von Westphalen]]|19 June 1843|2 December 1881|end=died}} | children = At least 7,<ref name=PadoverXXV>{{cite book |editor-first=Saul |editor-last=Padover |editor-link=Saul K. Padover |chapter=Introduction: Marx, the Human Side |title=Karl Marx on Education, Women, and Children |location=New York |publisher=[[McGraw Hill]] |date=1975 |page=xxv}}</ref> including [[Jenny Longuet|Jenny]], [[Laura Marx|Laura]] and [[Eleanor Marx|Eleanor]] | father = [[Heinrich Marx]] | mother = [[Henriette Pressburg]] | relatives = {{Plainlist| * [[Louise Juta]] (sister) * [[Edgar Longuet]] (grandson) * [[Jean Longuet]] (grandson) * [[Henry Juta]] (nephew) * [[Frederik Philips]] (cousin) }} | module = {{Infobox philosopher|embed=yes | era = [[19t-century philosophy]] | region = [[Westren philosophy]] | school_tradition = {{hlist|[[Continental philosophy]]|[[Marxism]]}} | thesis_title = [[The Difference Between the Democritean and Epicurean Philosophy of Nature]] | thesis_year = 1841 | doctoral_advisor = [[Bruno Bauer]] | main_interests = {{hlist|Philosophy|economics|history|politics}} | notable_ideas = {{Plainlist| * [[:Template:Marxism|Marxist terminology]] * [[Value form]] * Contributions to [[Dialectical materialism|dialectics]] and the [[Marxian critique of political economy]] * [[Class conflict]] * [[Marx's theory of alienation|Alienation]] and [[Exploitation of labour|exploitation]] of the worker * [[historical materialism|Materialist conception of history]] }} }} | signature = Karl Marx Signature.svg | signature_alt = }} '''Karl Marx''' ([[5 Mey|5t Mey]] [[1818]] in [[Trier]], [[Germany]] – [[14 Mairch|14t Mairch]] [[1883]] in [[Lunnon]], [[UK]]) wis a [[Germany|German]] [[Philosophie|philosopher]] and poleitical thinker that wrat aboot [[economics]] an [[politics]]. Ane o his first beuks wis the ''[[Communist Manifesto]]'', written thegither wi [[Friedrich Engels]] in [[1848]]. In this beuk thay set oot the ideas an ettles o the [[Communism|Communist]] muvement for the first time. His theories wis gien the name [[Marxism]] efterhaund, baith bi thaim that gree'd wi him an thaim that criticeesed him. His maist important contreibution is thocht tae be his beuk ''[[Das Kapital]]'' that wis written ower monie decades; in it he analeesed and criticeesed the system of [[Caipitalism]]. For the maist pairt it disagreed wi [[leiberal]] economic views an haes led tae gran debates atween its supporters an detractors. Juist the ae volume haed been feenisht bi the time Marx dee'd; Engels teuk his jots an completit twa mair volumes. Born in [[Trier]] in the Kinrick o Proushie, Marx started his studies at the universities o Bonn, Berlin, an Jena, gettin his doctorate in philosophy frae Jena in 1841. He was a Young Hegelian, influencet by the works o [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]], an in his ain works, like ''The German Ideology'' an the ''Grundrisse'', he both critiqued an developed Hegel’s ideas. While in Paris in 1844, Marx wrote his ''Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts'' an met Engels, wha became his closest friend an collaborator. After muivin tae Brussels in 1845, the pair were active in the Communist League, an by 1848, they wrote ''The Communist Manifesto'', a pamphlet layin oot Marx's thoughts an a plan for revolution. After bein expelled from Belgium an Germany, Marx made his way tae London in 1849, whaur he penned ''The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte'' an ''Das Kapital''. In 1864, Marx got involved in the International Workingmen's Association (First International), where he took on the [[Anarchism|anarchists]] led by Mikhail Bakunin. In his ''Critique of the Gotha Programme'' (1875), he laid doon his thoughts on revolution, the state, an the road tae communism. Marx passed away stateless in 1883 an was buried in Highgate Cemetery. {{Commons|Karl Marx}} {{Commonscat}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Marx, Karl}} [[Category:Karl Marx| ]] [[Category:1818 births]] [[Category:1883 daiths]] [[Category:19t-century philosophers]] [[Category:19t-century Proushie fowk]] [[Category:19t-century jurnalists]] [[Category:19t-century economists]] [[Category:19t-century German writers]] [[Category:Victorian writers]] [[Category:Ashkenazi Jews]] [[Category:Atheist filosofers]] [[Category:Buirials at Highgate Seemetry]] [[Category:Creetics o releegions]] [[Category:Economic historians]] [[Category:Umwhile Lutherans]] [[Category:German atheists]] [[Category:German communists]] [[Category:German economists]] [[Category:German emigrants tae the Unitit Kinrick]] [[Category:German historians]] [[Category:German Jews]] [[Category:German philosophers]] [[Category:German revolutionaries]] [[Category:German socialists]] [[Category:German sociologists]] [[Category:German tax resisters]] [[Category:Historians o economic thocht]] [[Category:Jewish atheists]] [[Category:Marxian economists|*]] [[Category:Marxist historians|*]] [[Category:Marxist jurnalists|*]] [[Category:Marxist theorists| ]] [[Category:Marxists| ]] [[Category:Materialists]] [[Category:Members o the Internaitional Workingmen's Association]] [[Category:Fowk frae the Rhine Province]] [[Category:Fowk frae Trier]] [[Category:Fowk associatit wi the Ryal Society o Airts]] [[Category:Poleetical economy]] [[Category:Poleetical filosofers]] [[Category:Social philosophers]] [[Category:Stateless fowk]] [[Category:Writers aboot globalisation]] [[Category:Varsity o Bonn alumni]] [[Category:Humboldt Varsity o Berlin alumni]] [[Category:Varsity o Jena alumni]] {{Stub/Germany}} <references /> rjv9ehlbj5cr8i194gy1ucvibu1j8p2 901620 901619 2025-01-01T01:44:07Z RabbieBurnsGhost 114955 Added a link to the Kinrick o Proushie 901620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description| German Philosopher}} {{Infobox person | name = Karl Marx | honorific_suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FRSA}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Letter from Karl Marx accepting membership of the Society 1862 |url=http://www.calmview2.eu/RSA/CalmViewA/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=RSA%2fSC%2fIM%2f701%2fS1000&pos=9 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416202116/http://www.calmview2.eu/RSA/CalmViewA/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=RSA%2fSC%2fIM%2f701%2fS1000&pos=9 |archive-date=16 April 2018 |access-date=19 August 2022 |website=[[Royal Society of Arts]]}}</ref> | image = Karl Marx 001 (rotated).jpg | alt = | caption = Marx in 1875 | birth_name = Karl Marx{{efn|name=name|His name was spelled ''Carl Marx'' in the birth register of [[Trier]] and he occasionally used this spelling in official contexts up to the 1840s. His full name is sometimes given as ''Karl Heinrich Marx'', but he never officially had a middle name, using the forms ''Karl Heinrich'' or ''Carl Heinrich'' (with his father's first name added after his own) only several times as a student.{{sfn|Heinrich|2019|pp=34–35}}}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1818|5|5}} | birth_place = [[Trier]], [[Kinrick o Proushie]], [[German Confederation]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1883|3|14|1818|5|5}} | death_place = London, England | burial_place = [[Tomb of Karl Marx]] | nationality = {{Plainlist| * [[Prussia|Prussian]] (1818–1845) * [[Statelessness|Stateless]] (after 1845) }} | education = {{Plainlist| * [[Varsity of Bonn]] * [[Varsity of Berlin]] * [[Varsity of Jena]] (PhD, 1841) }} | spouse = {{Marriage|[[Jenny von Westphalen]]|19 June 1843|2 December 1881|end=died}} | children = At least 7,<ref name=PadoverXXV>{{cite book |editor-first=Saul |editor-last=Padover |editor-link=Saul K. Padover |chapter=Introduction: Marx, the Human Side |title=Karl Marx on Education, Women, and Children |location=New York |publisher=[[McGraw Hill]] |date=1975 |page=xxv}}</ref> including [[Jenny Longuet|Jenny]], [[Laura Marx|Laura]] and [[Eleanor Marx|Eleanor]] | father = [[Heinrich Marx]] | mother = [[Henriette Pressburg]] | relatives = {{Plainlist| * [[Louise Juta]] (sister) * [[Edgar Longuet]] (grandson) * [[Jean Longuet]] (grandson) * [[Henry Juta]] (nephew) * [[Frederik Philips]] (cousin) }} | module = {{Infobox philosopher|embed=yes | era = [[19t-century philosophy]] | region = [[Westren philosophy]] | school_tradition = {{hlist|[[Continental philosophy]]|[[Marxism]]}} | thesis_title = [[The Difference Between the Democritean and Epicurean Philosophy of Nature]] | thesis_year = 1841 | doctoral_advisor = [[Bruno Bauer]] | main_interests = {{hlist|Philosophy|economics|history|politics}} | notable_ideas = {{Plainlist| * [[:Template:Marxism|Marxist terminology]] * [[Value form]] * Contributions to [[Dialectical materialism|dialectics]] and the [[Marxian critique of political economy]] * [[Class conflict]] * [[Marx's theory of alienation|Alienation]] and [[Exploitation of labour|exploitation]] of the worker * [[historical materialism|Materialist conception of history]] }} }} | signature = Karl Marx Signature.svg | signature_alt = }} '''Karl Marx''' ([[5 Mey|5t Mey]] [[1818]] in [[Trier]], [[Germany]] – [[14 Mairch|14t Mairch]] [[1883]] in [[Lunnon]], [[UK]]) wis a [[Germany|German]] [[Philosophie|philosopher]] and poleitical thinker that wrat aboot [[economics]] an [[politics]]. Ane o his first beuks wis the ''[[Communist Manifesto]]'', written thegither wi [[Friedrich Engels]] in [[1848]]. In this beuk thay set oot the ideas an ettles o the [[Communism|Communist]] muvement for the first time. His theories wis gien the name [[Marxism]] efterhaund, baith bi thaim that gree'd wi him an thaim that criticeesed him. His maist important contreibution is thocht tae be his beuk ''[[Das Kapital]]'' that wis written ower monie decades; in it he analeesed and criticeesed the system of [[Caipitalism]]. For the maist pairt it disagreed wi [[leiberal]] economic views an haes led tae gran debates atween its supporters an detractors. Juist the ae volume haed been feenisht bi the time Marx dee'd; Engels teuk his jots an completit twa mair volumes. Born in [[Trier]] in the [[Kinrick o Proushie]], Marx started his studies at the universities o Bonn, Berlin, an Jena, gettin his doctorate in philosophy frae Jena in 1841. He was a Young Hegelian, influencet by the works o [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]], an in his ain works, like ''The German Ideology'' an the ''Grundrisse'', he both critiqued an developed Hegel’s ideas. While in Paris in 1844, Marx wrote his ''Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts'' an met Engels, wha became his closest friend an collaborator. After muivin tae Brussels in 1845, the pair were active in the Communist League, an by 1848, they wrote ''The Communist Manifesto'', a pamphlet layin oot Marx's thoughts an a plan for revolution. After bein expelled from Belgium an Germany, Marx made his way tae London in 1849, whaur he penned ''The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte'' an ''Das Kapital''. In 1864, Marx got involved in the International Workingmen's Association (First International), where he took on the [[Anarchism|anarchists]] led by Mikhail Bakunin. In his ''Critique of the Gotha Programme'' (1875), he laid doon his thoughts on revolution, the state, an the road tae communism. Marx passed away stateless in 1883 an was buried in Highgate Cemetery. {{Commons|Karl Marx}} {{Commonscat}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Marx, Karl}} [[Category:Karl Marx| ]] [[Category:1818 births]] [[Category:1883 daiths]] [[Category:19t-century philosophers]] [[Category:19t-century Proushie fowk]] [[Category:19t-century jurnalists]] [[Category:19t-century economists]] [[Category:19t-century German writers]] [[Category:Victorian writers]] [[Category:Ashkenazi Jews]] [[Category:Atheist filosofers]] [[Category:Buirials at Highgate Seemetry]] [[Category:Creetics o releegions]] [[Category:Economic historians]] [[Category:Umwhile Lutherans]] [[Category:German atheists]] [[Category:German communists]] [[Category:German economists]] [[Category:German emigrants tae the Unitit Kinrick]] [[Category:German historians]] [[Category:German Jews]] [[Category:German philosophers]] [[Category:German revolutionaries]] [[Category:German socialists]] [[Category:German sociologists]] [[Category:German tax resisters]] [[Category:Historians o economic thocht]] [[Category:Jewish atheists]] [[Category:Marxian economists|*]] [[Category:Marxist historians|*]] [[Category:Marxist jurnalists|*]] [[Category:Marxist theorists| ]] [[Category:Marxists| ]] [[Category:Materialists]] [[Category:Members o the Internaitional Workingmen's Association]] [[Category:Fowk frae the Rhine Province]] [[Category:Fowk frae Trier]] [[Category:Fowk associatit wi the Ryal Society o Airts]] [[Category:Poleetical economy]] [[Category:Poleetical filosofers]] [[Category:Social philosophers]] [[Category:Stateless fowk]] [[Category:Writers aboot globalisation]] [[Category:Varsity o Bonn alumni]] [[Category:Humboldt Varsity o Berlin alumni]] [[Category:Varsity o Jena alumni]] {{Stub/Germany}} <references /> 27irgqch6p9h2bd1wapxwym8rvrigdw 0 32008 901623 633366 2025-01-01T09:49:55Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 901623 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:UZ-Jizzax.PNG|thumb|200px]] '''Jizzax Province''' ([[Uzbek leid|Uzbek]]: '''Jizzax viloyati''' / Жиззах вилояти) is a [[viloyat]] (province) o [[Uzbekistan]] locatit in the centre o the kintra. It borders wi [[Tajikstan]] tae the sooth an sooth-east, [[Samarqand Province]] tae the wast, [[Navoiy Province]] tae the north-wast, [[Kazakhstan]] tae the north, an [[Sirdaryo Province]] tae the east. It covers an aurie o 20,500&nbsp;km². The population is estimatit tae be aroond 910,500, wi some 80% livin in rural auries. The provincial caipital is [[Jizzakh]] (pop est 127,500 indwallers). Ither major touns include Dustlik, [[Gagarin, Uzbekistan|Gagarin]], Gallyaaral (Gallaorol), [[Pakhtakor]], an Mardjanbulak. Jizzax Province wis umwhile a pairt o [[Sirdaryo Province]] but wis gien separate status in 1973. The climate is a teepically [[continental climate]], wi mild winters an het, dry simmers. The economy o Jizzax Province is primarily based on agricultur. [[Cotton]] an [[wheat]] are the main craps, an extensive [[irrigation]] is uised. [[Naitural resoorces]] include [[leid]], [[zinc]], [[airn]], an [[limestane]]. The province haes a well-developit transportation infrastructur, wi ower 2500&nbsp;km o surfacit roads. The bonnie [[Zaamin Naitional Pairk]], umwhile Guralash Preserve, on the wastren slopes o the [[Turkestan Range]] an kent for its unique fauna an flora, is athin the province an aw. Wildlife is extremely rich here; in spring an in simmer [[alpine meadae]]s are gray wi multitude o colors, bricht-reid [[tulips]] an snaw-white [[acacias]]. In hairst the hills thay are magnificently decoratit wi the gowden domes o the [[hazelnut]] trees, columns o [[birch]]-trees, touerin [[plane tree]]s, an green rones. Heich in the muntains, in the upper pairt o the Garalashsay gorge, is a nestin-place o [[black stork]]s. Thir rare birds are the pride an joy o Uzbekistan. Thay are written doun in the "Redbooks" in mony kintras as an [[endangered species]]. Early in the ware whan the Amasay Depression is fluidit, flocks o [[deuk]]s, wild [[guiss|geese]], [[pelican]]s an [[grey heron]]s come here. This territory sers as a nestin place for [[rose-coloured starlin]]s, [[shrike]]s, an [[sandpiper]]s. == Destricts == [[File:Jizzax viloyati nn.png|thumb|250px|right|Diveesion o Jizzakh Province intae tumans (destricts)]] The province is dividit intae 12 destricts (tumans): {| class="wikitable" |- ! Key || Destrict name || Destrict caipital |- | 1 || Arnasay || Goliblar |- | 2 || Bakhmal || Usmat |- | 3 || Gallaorol || Gallorol |- | 4 || Jizzakh || Uchtepa |- | 5 || Dustlik || Dustlik |- | 6 || Zaamin || Zaamin |- | 7 || Zarbdar || Zarbdar |- | 8 || Zafarobod || Zafarobod |- | 9 || Mirzachul || Gagarin |- | 10 || Pakhtakor || Pakhtakor |- | 11 || Forish || Yangikishlok |- | 12 || Yangiabad || Balandchakir |} == References == * [http://www.jizzax.uz Jizzakh Province offeecial wab steid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100720172913/http://jizzax.uz/ |date=2010-07-20 }} (browse throu aw accessible sections). {{Geographic location |Centre = Jizzakh Province |North = [[Sooth Kazakhstan Province]], {{flag|Kazakhstan}} |Northeast = |East = [[Sirdaryo Province]] |Southeast = [[Sughd Province]], {{flag|Tajikistan}} |South = |Southwest = [[Samarqand Province]] |West = [[Navoiy Province]] |Northwest = }} {{Provinces o Uzbekistan}} [[Category:Jizzakh Province| ]] [[Category:Provinces o Uzbekistan]] 5ghpy5lxvj5g5hp709459utxz8olr8t 0 50618 901598 872975 2024-12-31T20:53:13Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 901598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox election | election_name = Unitit States presidential election, 2012 | country = United States | flag_year = 1960 | type = presidential | previous_election = Unitit States presidential election, 2008 | previous_year = 2008 | next_election = Unitit States presidential election, 2016 | next_year = 2016 | election_date = November 6, 2012 | votes_for_election = 538 [[electoral votes]] o the [[Electoral College (Unitit States)|Electoral College]] | needed_votes = 270 electoral | turnout = 58.2% (votin eligible)<ref name="VEP12">{{cite web |url=http://elections.gmu.edu/Turnout_2012G.html |title=2012 General Election Turnout Rates |publisher=[[George Mason University]] |author=Dr. Michael McDonald |date=March 25, 2013 |accessdate=April 12, 2013 |archive-date=2013-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424003112/http://elections.gmu.edu/Turnout_2012G.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | image1 = [[File:President Barack Obama, 2012 portrait crop.jpg|200x200px]] | nominee1 = '''[[Barack Obama]]''' | party1 = Democratic Pairty (Unitit States) | home_state1 = [[Illinois]] | running_mate1 = '''[[Joe Biden]]''' | electoral_vote1 = '''332''' | states_carried1 = '''26 + [[Washington, D.C.|DC]]''' | popular_vote1 = '''65,910,437'''<ref name="docs.google.com">Wasserman, David. ''[https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/lv?key=0AjYj9mXElO_QdHpla01oWE1jOFZRbnhJZkZpVFNKeVE&toomany=true]''.</ref> | percentage1 = '''51.1%'''<ref name="docs.google.com"/> | image2 = [[File:Mitt Romney by Gage Skidmore 6 cropped.jpg|200x200px]] | nominee2 = [[Mitt Romney]] | party2 = Republican Pairty (Unitit States) | home_state2 = [[Massachusetts]] | running_mate2 = [[Paul Ryan]] | electoral_vote2 = 206 | states_carried2 = 24 | popular_vote2 = 60,932,795<ref name="docs.google.com"/> | percentage2 = 47.2%<ref name="docs.google.com"/> | map = {{United States presidential election, 2012 imagemap}} | map_size = 349px | map_caption = Presidential election results cairt. <span style="color:blue;">Blue</span> denotes states/destricts wan bi Obama/Biden. <span style="color:#c20;">Reid</span> denotes those wan bi Romney/Ryan. Nummers indicate [[electoral votes]] allottit tae the winner o each state. | title = Preses | before_election = [[Barack Obama]] | before_party = Democratic Pairty (Unitit States) | after_election = [[Barack Obama]] | after_party = Democratic Pairty (Unitit States) }} {{US 2012 elections series}} The '''Unitit States presidential election o 2012''' wis the 57t quadrennial [[Unitit States presidential election|presidential election]]. It wis held on Tysday, November 6, 2012. The [[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] nominee, incumbent [[Preses o the Unitit States|Preses]] [[Barack Obama]], an his [[runnin mate]], [[Vice Preses o the Unitit States|Vice Preses]] [[Joe Biden]], wur re-electit tae a seicont term, defeatin the [[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|Republican]] nominee, umwhile [[Govrenor o Massachusetts|Massachusetts Govrenor]] [[Mitt Romney]], an his runnin mate, [[Unitit States Hoose o Representatives|Representative]] [[Paul Ryan]] o [[Wisconsin]]. Although maist major media outlets insistit afore the election that the race wis too close tae predict a winner in advance,<ref>For example, the ''Financial Post'' (from Reuters) [http://business.financialpost.com/2012/11/06/tsx-holds-steady-as-traders-wait-out-too-close-to-call-u-s-election/], ''Forbes'' [http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnzogby/2012/11/04/what-if-its-not-close-after-all/], and ''Globe & Mail'' (Toronto) [http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/news-video/video-election-too-close-to-call-as-voting-begins/article5005824/]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} all described the election as "too close to call".</ref> analysts uisin statistical models,<ref>[http://electoral-vote.com/ ElectoralVote], [http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/fivethirtyeights-2012-forecast/ FiveThirtyEight] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510141743/http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/fivethirtyeights-2012-forecast/ |date=2013-05-10 }}, [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/news/pollster/ Pollster], [http://election.princeton.edu/ Princeton Consortium] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128000345/https://election.princeton.edu/ |date=2021-11-28 }}, [http://votamatic.org/ Votamatic]</ref> beukmakers,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bluesq.com/bet |title=BlueSquare |publisher=Bluesq.com |date= |accessdate=November 10, 2012 |archive-date=2013-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130526223835/https://www.bluesq.com/bet |url-status=dead }}</ref> an bettin mercats<ref>[http://www.intrade.com/v4/home/ Intrade] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609012314/http://www.intrade.com/v4/home/ |date=2012-06-09 }}, [http://www.betfair.com/ Betfair] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509072915/http://www.betfair.com/ |date=2013-05-09 }}</ref> haed Obama as a clear favorite.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.huffingtonpost.com/leighton-vaughan-williams/prediction-markets-election_b_2091920.html |title=Leighton Vaughan Williams: Prediction Markets: The Other Big Winners on Election Night |work=Huffington Post |date=November 8, 2012 |accessdate=November 10, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-20246741 |title=Drew Linzer: The stats man who predicted Obama's win |work=BBC News |date=November 8, 2012 |accessdate=November 10, 2012}}</ref> At aroond 11:15 PM [[Eastren Staundart Time (North Americae)|EST]] on Election Day, maist major telly networks called Ohio for Obama, projectin him the winner o the election.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/07/us/politics/obama-romney-presidential-election-2012.html?hp&_r=0 |title=Obama's Night |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=November 7, 2012 |quote=CBS News, CNN, Fox News and NBC News all projected that Mr. Obama would defeat Mr. Romney after concluding that he would win the necessary 270 electoral votes.}}</ref> At aroond 1:00 AM [[Eastren Staundart Time (North Americae)|EST]] on November 7, Romney conceded the election tae Obama. Bi November 10, the electoral ootcomes o aw 50 states an the [[Washington, D.C.|Destrict o Columbie]] haed been definitively projectit (the electoral ootcome in Florida remained uncertain til November 10).<ref>{{cite news |last=Lush |first=Tamara |title=Obama Wins Fla., Topping Romney in Final Tally |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/obama-wins-fla-topping-romney-final-tally |accessdate=November 10, 2012 |newspaper=[[Associated Press]] |date=November 10, 2012 |archive-date=2013-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211155012/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/obama-wins-fla-topping-romney-final-tally |url-status=dead }}</ref> Obama wan 332 electoral votes tae Romney's 206 an carried aw the states an destricts (amang states that allocate electoral votes bi destrict) that he haed wan in the [[Unitit States presidential election, 2008|2008 election]] except [[North Carolina]], [[Indiana]], an [[Nebraska's 2nt congressional destrict]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Sister project links |commons=Category:United States presidential election, 2012 |n=Category:2012 United States presidential election |wikt=no |b=no |q=no |s=no |v=no |display=2012 U.S. presidential election}} *[http://www.fec.gov/press/press2011/presidential_form2nm.shtml 2012 Presidential Form 2 Filers] at the [[Federal Election Commission]] (FEC) *[http://www.thegreenpapers.com/P12/ Election 2012 Presidential Primaries, Caucuses, and Conventions ] *{{Dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/Society_and_Culture/Politics/Candidates_and_Campaigns/President}} *[http://votenight.com/ 2012 Interactive Electoral Map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919221443/http://www.votenight.com/ |date=2012-09-19 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Unitit States Presidential Election, 2012}} [[Category:2012 Unitit States presidential election| ]] [[Category:Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign]] [[Category:History o the Unitit States (1991–present)]] [[Category:Mitt Romney 2012 presidential campaign]] [[Category:Paul Ryan]] [[Category:November 2012 events]] mtc92vfzyetuv5znp4n2llt413qbsgq 4 61531 901599 901594 2024-12-31T21:42:02Z CiphriusKane 74958 901599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Saundpit heidin}}<!-- * Walcome tae the Saundpit! * * Please leave this pairt alane * * The page is reddit on the reglar * * Feel free tae try yer editin skills ablo * ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■--> j0bhxwhrqs76vce3jic7nh59revkgyw 0 66433 901624 894990 2025-01-01T11:17:49Z BouwMaster 35168 901624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club | clubname = Bayern Munich | image = [[File:Logo FC Bayern München.svg|200px]] | current = 2016–17 FC Bayern Munich saison | fullname = Fußball-Club Bayern München e.&nbsp;V. | founded = {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|1900|2|27}} | nickname = ''Der FCB'' (The FCB)<br>''Die Bayern'' (The Bavarians)<br>''Stern des Südens'' (Starn o the Sooth)<br>''Die Roten'' (The Reds)<ref>{{cite web|title=Never-say-die Reds overcome Ingolstadt at the death|url=https://fcbayern.com/en/news/matchreports/2017/02/match-report-bundesliga-fc-ingolstadt---fc-bayern-11.02.2017|publisher=FC Bayern Munich|accessdate=12 February 2017|archive-date=2017-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212164904/https://fcbayern.com/en/news/matchreports/2017/02/match-report-bundesliga-fc-ingolstadt---fc-bayern-11.02.2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><br>''FC Hollywood''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/174/uefa-champions-league/2010/04/08/1869197/cl-comment-van-gaals-bayern-give-new-meaning-to-fc-hollywood |title=CL Comment: Van Gaal's Bayern Give New Meaning to "FC Hollywood" |publisher=goal.com |date=8 April 2010 |accessdate=28 September 2014 |first=Clark |last=Whitney}}</ref> | short name = Bayern | ground = [[Allianz Arena]] | capacity = 75,000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fcbayern.de/de/news/news/2015/ab-sofort-75-000-fans-bei-bundesliga-heimspielen-genehmigung-130115.php |title=Ab sofort 75.000 Fans bei Bundesliga-Heimspielen |trans-title=As of now 75,000 for Bundesliga home matches |publisher=FC Bayern Munich |date=13 January 2015 |accessdate=13 January 2015}}</ref> | owntitle = Preses | owner = [[Herbert Hainer]] | chairman = [[Jan-Christian Dreesen]] | manager = [[Thomas Tuchel]] | league = {{German football updater|BaMunich}} | season = {{German football updater|BaMunich2}} | position = {{German football updater|BaMunich3}} | pattern_la1 = _bayern2425h | pattern_b1 = _bayern2425h | pattern_ra1 = _bayern2425h | pattern_sh1 = _bayern2425h | pattern_so1 = _bayern2425hl | leftarm1 = FF0000 | body1 = FFFFFF | rightarm1 = FF0000 | shorts1 = FF0000 | socks1 = FF0000 | pattern_la2 = _bayern2425a | pattern_b2 = _bayern2425a | pattern_ra2 = _bayern2425a | leftarm2 = 1E2528 | body2 = 1E2528 | rightarm2 = 1E2528 | shorts2 = 000000 | socks2 = 000000 | pattern_la3 = _bayern2425t | pattern_b3 = _bayern2425t | pattern_ra3 = _bayern2425t | pattern_sh3 = _adidasred | pattern_so3 = _adidasredl | leftarm3 = FAF0E6 | body3 = FAF0E6 | rightarm3 = FAF0E6 | shorts3 = FAF0E6 | socks3 = FAF0E6 | website = https://fcbayern.com/en }} '''Fußball-Club Bayern München e.V.''', commonly kent as '''FC Bayern München''' ({{IPA-de|ʔɛf tseː ˈbaɪɐn ˈmʏnçn̩}}), '''FCB''', '''Bayern Munich''', or '''FC Bayern''', is a German [[sports club]] based in [[Munich]], [[Bavarie]] (Bayern), Germany. It is best kent for its professional [[Association fitbaw|fitbaw]] team, which plays in the [[Bundesliga]], the tap tier o the [[German fitbaw league seestem]], an is the maist successfu club in German fitbaw history, haein wan a record 27 [[Leet o German fitbaw champions|naitional titles]] an 18 [[DFB-Pokal|naitional cups]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/clubs/club=30993/index.html |title=Bayern München |publisher=[[FIFA]] |accessdate=10 May 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221115857/http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/clubs/club=30993/index.html |archivedate=21 February 2009 |df=dmy }}</ref> FC Bayern wis foondit in 1900 bi 11 football players, led bi [[Franz John]].<ref name="fcbbook1stch">{{cite book | last = Schulze-Marmeling | first = Dietrich | title = Die Bayern. Die Geschichte des deutschen Rekordmeisters | language = German | publisher = Die Werkstatt | year = 2003 | pages = 17–33 | isbn = 3-89533-426-X}}</ref> Awtho Bayern wan its first [[German fitbaw champions|naitional championship]] in [[German fitbaw championship 1932|1932]],<ref name = "bayernhistory0045">{{cite web | title = 1900 bis 1932: Von Beginn an erfolgreich | trans_title = 1900 to 1932: Successful from the start | publisher = FC Bayern Munich Official Website | accessdate = 28 September 2014 | url = http://fcb-erlebniswelt.de/de/historie/meilensteine-ab-1900/1900-1932/index.php | language = de | archive-date = 2014-10-28 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141028114211/http://fcb-erlebniswelt.de/de/historie/meilensteine-ab-1900/1900-1932/index.php | url-status = dead }}</ref> the club wis nae selectit for the Bundesliga at [[Introduction o the Bundesliga|its inception in 1963]].<ref name="nobl">{{cite book | last = Schulze-Marmeling | first = Dietrich | title = Die Bayern. Die Geschichte des deutschen Rekordmeisters | language = German | publisher = Die Werkstatt | year = 2003 | page = 134 | isbn = 3-89533-426-X}}</ref> The club haed its period o greatest success in the middle o the 1970s when, unner the [[Caiptain (association fitbaw)|caiptaincy]] o [[Franz Beckenbauer]], it wan the [[UEFA Champions League|European Cup]] three times in a row (1974–1976). Oweraw, Bayern haes reached ten [[Leet o European Cup an UEFA Champions League finals|European Cup/UEFA Champions League finals]], maist recently winnin thair [[2012–13 UEFA Champions League|fift]] teetle in [[2013 UEFA Champions League Final|2013]] as pairt o a continental [[Treble (association fitbaw)|treble]]. Bayern haes an aa wan ane [[UEFA Europa League|UEFA Cup]], ane [[UEFA Cup Winners' Cup|European Cup Winners' Cup]], ane [[UEFA Super Cup]], ane [[FIFA Club Warld Cup]] an twa [[Intercontinental Cup (fitbaw)|Intercontinental Cups]], makin it [[Leet o UEFA club competition winners|ane o the maist successfu European clubs internationally]]. Syne the formation o the Bundesliga, Bayern haes been the dominant club in German fitbaw wi 27 titles an haes wan 9 o the last 13 teetles. Thay hae [[Bavarian fitbaw derbies|tradeetional local rivalries]] wi [[TSV 1860 Munich|1860 Munich]] an [[1. FC Nürnberg]], as well as wi [[Borussia Dortmund]] syne the mid-1990s. Syne the beginnin o the [[2005–06 FC Bayern Munich saison|2005–06 saison]], Bayern haes played its hame gemmes at the [[Allianz Arena]]. Previously the team haed played at Munich's [[Olympic Stadium (Munich)|Olympiastadion]] for 33 years. The team colours are reid an white, an the team crest shaws the white an blue [[banner o Bavarie]].<ref name="crestcolor">{{cite book | last = Schulze-Marmeling | first = Dietrich | title = Die Bayern. Die Geschichte des deutschen Rekordmeisters | language = German | publisher = Die Werkstatt | year = 2003 | page = 581 | isbn = 3-89533-426-X}}</ref> In terms o [[Deloitte Football Money League|revenue]], Bayern Munich is the biggest sports club in Germany an the third biggest football club in the world, generating €488&nbsp;million for the 2013–14 season.<ref>{{cite web | title = Deloitte Football Money League 2015 | url = http://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/sports-business-group/deloitte-football-money-league-2015.PDF | publisher = Deloitte UK | accessdate = 6 February 2015 | archive-date = 2015-01-22 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150122061724/http://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/sports-business-group/deloitte-football-money-league-2015.PDF | url-status = dead }}</ref> As o November 2016, Bayern haes ower 284,000 members.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://fcbayern.com/binaries/content/assets/downloads/homepage/jhv/mitglieder_fanclubs_kidsclub_15-16.pdf |title=Die Mitglieder-Entwicklungdes FC Bayern München eV |trans-title=The member development of FC Bayern München eV |website=fcbayern.com |publisher=FC Bayern München e. V. |date=25 November 2016 |access-date=13 March 2017 |language=German}}</ref> Thare are mair nor 4,000 offeecially-registered fan clubs wi ower 314,000 members.<ref name="Fan Clubs">{{cite web | url = http://www.fcbayern.de/media/native/presse-free/MItglieder_Fanclubs_KidsClub_14-15.pdf | title = Fan Clubs | publisher = FC Bayern Munich | accessdate = 4 January 2016 | date = 27 November 2015 | language = German | archive-date = 2015-12-23 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151223101729/http://www.fcbayern.de/media/native/presse-free/MItglieder_Fanclubs_KidsClub_14-15.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref> The club haes ither depairtments for [[chess]], [[team haundbaw|haundbaw]], basketbaw, gymnastics, [[Skittles (sport)|boulin]], table tennis an senior fitbaw wi mair nor 1,100 active members.<ref name="otherdepartments">{{cite web|title=Other Sports |accessdate=3 July 2008 |year=2007 |publisher=FC Bayern Munich Official Website |url=http://www.fcbayern.t-home.de/en/company/club/other_sports/index.php |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080815023121/http://www.fcbayern.t-home.de/en/company/club/other_sports/index.php |archivedate=15 August 2008 }}</ref> FC Bayern is ranked seicont in the current [[UEFA]] [[UEFA coefficient#UEFA team ranking|club coefficient rankings]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/uefarankings/club/index.html|title=UEFA Rankings | accessdate = 6 February 2015 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> ==Honours== [[File:Bayern hattrick champions league trophies.jpg|thumb|The three consecutive champions league trophies wan bi FC Bayern Munich 1974–76. The ane on the far richt is the real CL trophy, gien tae Bayern permanently. The anes on the left are slichtly smawer replicas.]] ===Domestic=== * '''[[Leet o German fitbaw champions|German Champions]]''' ** '''Winner (32):''' [[1932 German football championship|1931–32]], [[1968–69 Bundesliga|1968–69]], [[1971–72 Bundesliga|1971–72]], [[1972–73 Bundesliga|1972–73]], [[1973–74 Bundesliga|1973–74]], [[1979–80 Bundesliga|1979–80]], [[1980–81 Bundesliga|1980–81]], [[1984–85 Bundesliga|1984–85]], [[1985–86 Bundesliga|1985–86]], [[1986–87 Bundesliga|1986–87]], [[1988–89 Bundesliga|1988–89]], [[1989–90 Bundesliga|1989–90]], [[1993–94 Bundesliga|1993–94]], [[1996–97 Bundesliga|1996–97]], [[1998–99 Bundesliga|1998–99]], [[1999–2000 Bundesliga|1999–2000]], [[2000–01 Bundesliga|2000–01]], [[2002–03 Bundesliga|2002–03]], [[2004–05 Bundesliga|2004–05]], [[2005–06 Bundesliga|2005–06]], [[2007–08 Bundesliga|2007–08]], [[2009–10 Bundesliga|2009–10]], [[2012–13 Bundesliga|2012–13]], [[2013–14 Bundesliga|2013–14]], [[2014–15 Bundesliga|2014–15]], 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 * '''[[DFB-Pokal]]''' ** '''Winner (17):''' [[1956–57 DFB-Pokal|1956-57]], [[1965–66 DFB-Pokal|1965-66]], [[1966–67 DFB-Pokal|1966-67]], [[1968–69 DFB-Pokal|1968-69]], [[1970–71 DFB-Pokal|1970-71]], [[1981–82 DFB-Pokal|1981-82]], [[1983–84 DFB-Pokal|1983-84]], [[1985–86 DFB-Pokal|1985-86]], [[1997–98 DFB-Pokal|1997-98]], [[1999–2000 DFB-Pokal|1999-2000]], [[2002–03 DFB-Pokal|2002-03]], [[2004–05 DFB-Pokal|2004-05]], [[2005–06 DFB-Pokal|2005-06]], [[2008 DFB-Pokal Final|2007-08]], [[2010 DFB-Pokal Final|2009-10]], [[2013 DFB-Pokal Final|2012-13]], [[2014 DFB-Pokal Final|2013-14]] * '''[[DFB-Ligapokal]]''' ** '''Winner (6):''' [[1997 DFB-Ligapokal|1997]], [[1998 DFB-Ligapokal|1998]], [[1999 DFB-Ligapokal|1999]], [[2000 DFB-Ligapokal|2000]], [[2004 DFB-Ligapokal|2004]], [[2007 DFL-Ligapokal|2007]] * '''[[DFL-Supercup]]''' ** '''Winner (5):''' [[DFB-Supercup|1982]], [[1987 DFB-Supercup|1987]], [[1990 DFB-Supercup|1990]], [[2010 DFL-Supercup|2010]], [[2012 DFL-Supercup|2012]] ===European=== * '''[[UEFA Champions League|UEFA Champions League / European Cup]]''' ** '''Winner (5) :''' [[1973–74 European Cup|1973-74]], [[1974–75 European Cup|1974-75]], [[1975–76 European Cup|1975-76]], [[2000–01 UEFA Champions League|2000-01]], [[2012–13 UEFA Champions League|2012-13]] * '''[[UEFA Cup Winners' Cup]]''' ** '''Winner (1) :''' [[1966–67 European Cup Winners' Cup|1966-67]] * '''[[UEFA Europa League|UEFA Europa League / UEFA Cup]]''' ** '''Winner (1):''' [[1995–96 UEFA Cup|1995-96]] * '''[[UEFA Super Cup]]''' ** '''Winner (1) :''' [[2013 UEFA Super Cup|2013]] ===Warldwide=== * '''[[FIFA Club Warld Cup]]''' ** '''Winner (1):''' [[2013 FIFA Club Warld Cup Feenal|2013]] * '''[[Intercontinental Cup (fitbaw)|Intercontinental Cup]]''' ** '''Winner (2):''' [[1976 Intercontinental Cup|1976]], [[2001 Intercontinental Cup|2001]] ===Regional=== *'''[[Soothren German fitbaw championship]]''' **'''Champions (2)''': 1925–26, 1927–28 **'''Runners-up (4)''': 1909–10, 1910–11, 1928–29, 1931–32 *'''[[Soothren German Cup]] ''' **'''Champions (1)''': 1957 **'''Runners-up (1)''': 1923 *'''[[Ostkreis-Liga]]''' (I) champions: 1910, 1911; runners-up: 1912, 1913, 1917, 1918 '''(record)''' *'''[[Kreisliga Südbayern]]''' (I) champions: 1920, 1923 '''(shared record)'''; runners-up: 1922 *'''[[Bezirksliga Bayern]]''' (I) champions: 1925–26 *'''[[Bezirksliga Südbayern]]''' (I) champions: 1927–28, 1928–29, 1929–30, 1930–31, 1931–32, 1932–33 '''(record)''' *'''[[Gauliga Südbayern]]''' (I) champions: 1943–44 *'''[[Regionalliga Süd (1963-74)|Regionalliga Süd]]''' (II) **'''Champions (1)''': 1964–65 **'''Runners-up (1)''': 1963–64 ==Players== ===Current squad=== {{Updated|25 Julie 2023|<ref name="Squad">{{Cite web |title=First Team |publisher=FC Bayern München AG |url=https://fcbayern.com/en/teams/first-team |access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref>}} <!-- Before adding/removing any new players, please wait until the transfer is really confirmed --> {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=1|pos=GK|nat=GER|name=[[Manuel Neuer]]|other=[[Caiptain (association fitbaw)|caiptain]]}} {{Fs player|no=2|pos=DF|nat=FRA|name=[[Dayot Upamecano]]}} {{Fs player|no=3|pos=DF|nat=KOR|name=[[Kim Min-jae (fitbawer)|Kim Min-jae]]}} {{Fs player|no=4|pos=DF|nat=NED|name=[[Matthijs de Ligt]]}} {{Fs player|no=5|pos=DF|nat=FRA|name=[[Benjamin Pavard]]}} {{Fs player|no=6|pos=MF|nat=GER|name=[[Joshua Kimmich]]|other=[[Vice-caiptain (association fitbaw)|3rd caiptain]]}} {{Fs player|no=7|pos=FW|nat=GER|name=[[Serge Gnabry]]}} {{Fs player|no=8|pos=MF|nat=GER|name=[[Leon Goretzka]]}} {{Fs player|no=10|pos=FW|nat=GER|name=[[Leroy Sané]]}} {{Fs player|no=11|pos=FW|nat=FRA|name=[[Kingsley Coman]]}} {{Fs player|no=13|pos=FW|nat=CMR|name=[[Eric Maxim Choupo-Moting]]}} {{Fs player|no=14|pos=MF|nat=GER|name=[[Paul Wanner]]}} {{Fs player|no=17|pos=FW|nat=SEN|name=[[Sadio Mané]]}} {{Fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=19|pos=DF|nat=CAN|name=[[Alphonso Davies]]}} {{Fs player|no=20|pos=DF|nat=SEN|name=[[Bouna Sarr]]}} {{Fs player|no=22|pos=DF|nat=POR|name=[[Raphaël Guerreiro]]}} {{Fs player|no=24|nat=AUT|pos=MF|name=[[Konrad Laimer]]}} {{Fs player|no=25|pos=FW|nat=GER|name=[[Thomas Müller]]|other=[[Vice-caiptain (association fitbaw)|vice-caiptain]]}} {{Fs player|no=26|pos=GK|nat=GER|name=[[Sven Ulreich]]}} {{Fs player|no=27|pos=GK|nat=SUI|name=[[Yann Sommer]]}} {{Fs player|no=38|pos=MF|nat=NED|name=[[Ryan Gravenberch]]}} {{Fs player|no=39|pos=FW|nat=FRA|name=[[Mathys Tel]]}} {{Fs player|no=40|pos=DF|nat=MAR|name=[[Noussair Mazraoui]]}} {{Fs player|no=42|nat=GER|pos=MF|name=[[Jamal Musiala]]}} {{Fs player|no=44|nat=CRO|pos=DF|name=[[Josip Stanišić]]}} {{Fs end}} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Navboxes|titlestyle=background:#DD0000;color:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid #0000FF;|list1= {{UEFA Champions League winners}} {{UEFA Europa League winners}} {{UEFA Super Cup winners}} {{Intercontinental Cup winners}} {{FIFA Club Warld Cup winners}} {{G14}} {{ECA}} }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Munich, Bayern}} [[Category:FC Bayern Munich| ]] [[Category:Fitbaw clubs in Germany]] [[Category:Fitbaw clubs in Bavarie]] [[Category:Fitbaw clubs in Munich]] [[Category:Fitbaw in Upper Bavarie]] [[Category:1900 establishments in Europe]] [[Category:Association fitbaw clubs established in 1900]] [[Category:Multi-sport clubs in Germany]] [[Category:G-14 clubs]] [[Category:1900 establishments in Bavarie]] [[Category:Laureus Warld Sports Awairds winners]] [[Category:UEFA Champions League winning clubs]] 54gdsdrnmrw313grijuzx9irdx7lc73 0 67804 901609 900261 2024-12-31T22:30:12Z CiphriusKane 74958 Remuiv bad soorces/badly soorced gossip 901609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox muisical airtist <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians --> | name = Robbie Williams | image = Robbie Williams 2, 2012.jpg{{!}}border | caption = Williams filmin the [[muisic video]] for "[[Candy (Robbie Williams sang)|Candy]]" at Old Spitalfields Market in August 2012 | background = solo_singer | native_name = | native_name_lang = | alias = | birth_name = Robert Peter Williams | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1974|2|13|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Stoke-on-Trent]], [[Staffordshire]], [[Ingland]], Unitit Kinrick | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = Sangster-sangwriter, muisicker, record producer, actor | genre = [[Pop rock]], [[soft rock]], [[Dance muisic|dance]], [[Britpop]] <small>(early solo work)</small> | instrument = Vocals, guitar, bass guitar, synthesiser, drums, piano, violin, harmonica, marimba | years_active = 1990–present | label = [[Island Records|Island]], [[Universal Music Group|Universal]] (2011–present)<br/>[[Virgin Records|Virgin]] (2009–2010)<br/>[[Chrysalis Records|Chrysalis]] (1996–2008) | associated_acts = [[Take That]], [[Gary Barlow]], [[Avicii]] | website = {{URL|http://www.robbiewilliams.com}} | notable_instruments = }} '''Robert Peter''' "'''Robbie'''" '''Williams'''{{citation needit}} (born 13 Februar 1974) is a Inglis sangster-sangwriter, an occasional actor. He is a member o the pop group [[Take That]], but haes haed greater commercial success as a solo airtist. Williams rose tae fame in the baund's first run in the early- tae mid-1990s. Efter mony disagreements wi the management an group members, Williams left the group in 1995 tae launch a hugely successfu solo career, which saw his first seiven albums each reach [[UK Albums Chart|nummer ane]] in the UK. Williams released seiven nummer-ane singles an foond seemilar success athort Europe an aw.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://top40.about.com/od/artistsls/p/robbiewilliams.htm |title=Robbie Williams Profile |publisher=Top40.about.com |date=1974-02-13 |accessdate=2013-09-17 |archive-date=2013-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014084438/http://top40.about.com/od/artistsls/p/robbiewilliams.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> On 15 Julie 2010, it wis annooncit he haed rejoined Take That. The group's subsequent album became the seicont fastest-sellin album in UK chairt history<ref>[http://uk.news.yahoo.com/22/20101121/tuk-uk-britain-music-charts-fa6b408.html Yahoo 21 November 2010]</ref> an the fastest-sellin record o the century sae far.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a288057/take-that-lp-posts-huge-sales.html |title=Digital Spy 16 November 2010 |work=Digital Spy |date=16 November 2010 |accessdate=2 October 2011 |archive-date=2012-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022062551/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a288057/take-that-lp-posts-huge-sales.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> He continues tae perform baith as a member o Take That an as a solo airtist. Williams haes sauld ower 70&nbsp;million records warldwide, which ranks him amang the best-sellin muisic airtists warldwide.{{citation needit}} He is the best-sellin Breetish solo airtist in the Unitit Kinrick an the best sellin nan-Latino airtist in Laitin Americae. Sax o his albums are amang the tap 100 biggest-sellin albums in the United Kingdom, an in 2006 he entered the ''[[Guinness Book of World Records]]'' for sellin 1.6 million tickets o his [[Close Encounters Tour]] in a single day.<ref>[http://www.universalmusicmagazine.com/robbie-williams-lanzara-nuevo-album-en-noviembre/ ROBBIE WILLIAMS, LANZARÁ NUEVO ALBUM EN NOVIEMBRE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228134725/http://www.universalmusicmagazine.com/robbie-williams-lanzara-nuevo-album-en-noviembre/ |date=2013-12-28 }}</ref> He haes been honoured wi seiventeen [[BRIT Awards]] an aw—mair nor ony ither airtist—an aicht [[ECHO Awards]]. In 2004, he wis inductit intae the [[UK Music Hall of Fame]] efter bein votit as the "Greatest Artist of the 1990s." Williams is marriet tae actress [[Ayda Field]]. He haes a net worth o £105.2 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-celebrities/rock-stars/robbie-williams-net-worth/ |title=Robbie Williams Net Worth |publisher=Celebrity Net Worth |date= |accessdate=2013-09-17}}</ref> ==Early life== Williams wis born '''Robert Peter Williams'' in [[Stoke-on-Trent]] on 13 Februar 1974. His parents Peter an Janet Williams (née Farrell) ran a [[Public hoose|pub]] cried the Reid Lion in the toun o [[Burslem]], afore his faither became the licensee at the [[Port Vale F.C.]] Social Club – this led tae Williams' lifelang affinity for the team.<ref>{{cite book|last=Sherwin|first=Phil|title=The Port Vale Miscellany|publisher=The History Press|location=Brimscombe Port|year=2010|page=10|isbn=978-0-7524-5777-2}}</ref> His maternal grandfaither wis Erse, frae Kilkenny.<ref>{{cite web |author=12 September 2012 |url=http://kclr96fm.com/news/robbie-williams-grandfather-came-from-kilkenny/ |title=Robbie Williams grandfather came from Kilkenny |publisher=KCLR96FM |date=2012-09-12 |accessdate=2013-06-28 |archive-date=2012-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915121421/http://kclr96fm.com/news/robbie-williams-grandfather-came-from-kilkenny/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Williams attendit Mill Hill Primary School in Stoke-on-Trent{{citation needit}} then St Margaret Ward Roman Catholic School in [[Tunstall, Staffordshire|Tunstall]],<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thisisstaffordshire.co.uk/news/Robbie-doing-kids-awards/article-339261-detail/article.html | title=Robbie doing it for the kids with awards | date=19 September 2008 | publisher=''[[The Sentinel (Staffordshire)|The Sentinel]]'' | accessdate=8 August 2010 | archive-date=2010-03-16 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316182457/http://www.thisisstaffordshire.co.uk/news/Robbie-doing-kids-awards/article-339261-detail/article.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> an attendit dance schuil UKDDF in Tunstall an aw. He pairticipatit in several schuil plays, an his biggest role wis that o the Artful Dodger in a production o ''Oliver!''. ==Take That== {{main|Take That}} ==Solo career== ===1996–98: ''Life Thru a Lens'' an ''I've Been Expecting You''=== Efter leavin Take That, Williams launched his solo career stairtin aff in 1996 bi coverin [[George Michael]]'s "Freedom", the single reached nummer twa in the [[UK Singles Chart]].<ref name="8notes">{{cite web|url=http://www.8notes.com/biographies/robbie_williams.asp |title=Robbie Williams |publisher=8notes.com |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> Recordins for Williams's first album began at Lunnon's Maison Rouge studios in Mairch 1996. Shortly efter his introduction tae [[Guy Chambers]], Williams released "[[Old Before I Die]]" which wad be the first single taken frae his debut album. The single reached nummer twa on the UK Charts;<ref name="8notes" /> housomeivver, it wis lairgely ignored on internaitional chairts. His debut album, ''[[Life Thru a Lens]]'', wis released in September 1997. The album launched wi his first live solo gig at the [[Élysée Montmartre]] theatre in Paris, Fraunce. The album debuted at nummer eleiven o the [[UK Album Charts]]. Williams released what wad be the fowert single taken frae his album. "Angels" became Williams' best-seller in the Unitit Kinrick.<ref name="BPI">{{cite web |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=27952 |title=Award Certification for "Angels" |publisher=BPI |accessdate=4 January 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103043315/http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=27952 |archivedate=2008-01-03 |url-status=live }}</ref> The sang, apairt frae becomin a hit aroond Europe an Laitin Americae, caused sales o his album tae skyrocket. The album remained inside the Breetish tap ten for forty weeks an spent 218 weeks thare awthegither, makkin it the 58t best sellin album in UK history wi sales o ower 2.4&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=30745 |title=Award Certification for 'Life Thru A Lens' |publisher=BPI |accessdate=4 January 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231042816/http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=30745 |archivedate=2007-12-31 |url-status=live }}</ref> The album eventually managit tae sell ower three million copies in Europe.<ref name="ifpi2002">{{cite web |url=http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2002.html |title=IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 2002 |publisher=IFPI |year=2002 |access-date=2014-01-31 |archive-date=2007-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070320014141/http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2002.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Williams an Chambers stairtit writin the seicont album in [[Jamaica]] in early 1998. The first single, "Millennium", became Williams' first solo nummer ane single in the Unitit Kinrick.<ref name="UK Top 40 Database" /> It became a tap twinty hit in mony European kintras, Laitin Americae an Australie an aw.<ref>{{cite web |title=Robbie Williams – Millennium |publisher=GfK Dutch Charts |url=http://www.dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Robbie+Williams&titel=Millennium&cat=s}}</ref> When the album ''[[I've Been Expecting You]]'' wis released in late October 1998, it debuted at nummer ane in the UK Albums Chart.<ref name="UK Top 40 Database">{{cite web |url=http://www.everyhit.com/ |title=UK Top 40 Database |publisher=everyhit.com}}</ref> The album receivit mair attention ootside the Unitit Kinrick, leavin its merk in the European an Laitin American mercats wi hits sic as "No Regrets", a collaboration wi The [[Pet Shop Boys]]' sangster [[Neil Tennant]] an [[The Divine Comedy]]'s [[Neil Hannon]]. A cover o a track frae [[World Party]]'s album, ''Egyptology'', became Williams' seicont nummer ane hit in the UK.<ref name="UK Top 40 Database" /> Williams finished the year with a European Tour late in 1999. The album ''I've Been Expecting You'' sauld awmaist 3&nbsp;million copies in the UK an wis certifee'd 10x Platinum bi the BPI.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=31787 |title=Award Certification for "I've Been Expecting You" |publisher=BPI |accessdate=4 January 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231042831/http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=31787 |archivedate=2007-12-31 |url-status=live }}</ref> In Europe, the album sauld ower 4&nbsp;million copies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2001.html |title=IFPI Platinum Europe Awards:2001 AWARDS |publisher=IFPI |year=2001 |access-date=2014-01-31 |archive-date=2012-02-19 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/65ZLbShcc?url=http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2001.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===1999–2001: ''Sing When You're Winning'' an ''Swing When You're Winning''=== In 1999, Williams wis signed tae [[Capitol Records]] in the Unitit States, a pairt o [[EMI]]. He embarkit on a US promotional tour an released his first U.S. an Canadian single, "Millennium". The album ''The Ego Has Landed'' wis released in Julie 1999 in the Unitit States an Canadae. In the middle o promotion an the tours in 1999, Williams began wirk on his third studio album. This time he haed feenally foond his inner confidence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/ |title=Discography>Albums>Sing When You're Winning |publisher=Robbiewilliams.com |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> The first single taken frae the album wis "Rock DJ", a sang inspired bi Williams's [[UNICEF]] mentor, the late [[Ian Dury]]. The video showed Williams in a attempt tae get noticit bi a group o females, first strippin an then tearin chunks o skin an muscle frae his bouk, an caused controversy in the Unitit Kinrick an mony ither kintras. The video wis editit bi ''[[Top of the Pops]]'' for its graphic content an mony ither channels follaeed suit.<ref>{{cite news |title=Controversial Robbie single hits the shops |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/859988.stm |date=31 July 2000 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> The sang became a instant hit, reachin nummer ane in the UK (becomin his third nummer ane single as a solo airtist) an New Zealand. The sang went on tae win "Best Song of 2000" at the [[MTV Europe Music Awards]], "Best Single of the Year" at the BRIT Awards an a [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Special Effects]]. When the album, ''[[Sing When You're Winning]]'' wis released in August 2000, it toppit the chairts in mony different kintras.<ref>{{cite web |title=Robbie Williams – Sing When You're Winning (album) |url=http://www.dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Robbie+Williams&titel=Sing+When+You%27re+Winning&cat=a |publisher=GfK Dutch Charts}}</ref> In the UK the album wis certifee'd 2x Platinum on its first week o release.<ref>{{cite web |title=Award Certification for "Sing When You're Winning" |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=29046 |publisher=BPI |accessdate=4 January 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106095819/http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=29046 |archivedate=2007-11-06 |url-status=live }}</ref> Efter the success o his third album, Williams wantit tae take anither muisical direction. He teuk twa weeks aff frae his tour tae record what wad be his fowert studio album, a big baund album.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/ |title=Discography>Albums>Swing When You're Winning |publisher=Robbiewilliams.com |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> Born frae his lifelang luve for [[Frank Sinatra]]{{spaced ndash}}combined wi the success o the track "[[Have You Met Miss Jones?]]" that he recordit for the film ''[[Bridget Jones's Diary (film)|Bridget Jones' Diary]]'' in early 2001{{spaced ndash}}the album wis recordit at [[Capitol Studios]] in Los Angeles. Williams teuk the chance tae duet wi his lang-time friend [[Jonathan Wilkes]], ''Little Voice'' starn [[Jane Horrocks]], ''Saturday Night Live'' starn [[Jon Lovitz]], [[Rupert Everett]] an actress [[Nicole Kidman]]. The first single released frae the album wis a duet wi Kidman, on "[[Somethin' Stupid]]". Oreeginally a hit for [[Frank Sinatra|Frank]] an [[Nancy Sinatra]], the sang became Williams' fift nummer ane hit in the UK.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Theofficialcharts.com |url=http://www.theofficialcharts.com/all_singles_song.php?id=916 |title="Somethin' Stupid" first week sales in the United Kingdom |date=22 December 2001 |accessdate=23 December 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529052550/http://www.theofficialcharts.com/all_singles_song.php?id=916 |archivedate=2008-05-29 |url-status=live }}</ref> It eventually went on tae acome ane o the biggest hits o 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=29997 |title=Award Certification for 'Something Stupid' |publisher=BPI |accessdate=4 January 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106095133/http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=29997 |archivedate=2007-11-06 |url-status=live }}</ref> "Beyond the Sea" wis featurt ower the credits o the film ''[[Finding Nemo]]'' in 2003 an wis released on the film's soondtrack CD an aw. A DVD cried ''Robbie Williams Live at the Albert Hall'' wis released in Dizember o that year. Sae far, it haes acome ane o the best sellin muisic DVDs in Europe, bein certifee'd 6x Platinum in the Unitit Kinrick<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=32440 |title=Award Certification for 'Live at the Albert Hall' |publisher=BPI |accessdate=4 January 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106095926/http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=32440 |archivedate=2007-11-06 |url-status=live }}</ref> an 2x Platinum in Germany.<ref>{{Certification Cite|region=Germany|artist=Robbie Williams}}</ref> ===2002–05: ''Escapology'' an ''Intensive Care''=== In 2002, Williams signed a record-breakin £80&nbsp;million contract wi EMI.<ref>{{cite news |title=Robbie signs '£80m' deal |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2291605.stm|publisher=BBC News |date=2 October 2002}}</ref> The contract includit a nummer o provisos, includin the label cedin greater creative control tae the airtist an a commitment tae breakin Williams intae the US mercat. Sae far it is the biggest muisic deal in Breetish history. The deal wis brokered bi [[Ingenious Media]], a leadin UK corporate finance advisory business.<ref name="robbiewilliams">{{cite web|url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/ |title=Discography>Albums>Escapology |publisher=Robbiewilliams.com |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> Williams began wirkin on what wad be his fift studio album, spendin a year in the recordin studio. The album heraldit a new era for Williams. He haed taken a mair active role in the makkin o this album, giein an indication o his growin confidence in the studio. "One Fine Day", "Nan's Song", an "Come Undone" wur the first sangs that Williams wrote athoot the input o Guy Chambers. Maist o the sangs wur recordit in Los Angeles.<ref name="robbiewilliams" /> The album's first single, "Feel", written bi Williams an Chambers, wis recordit as a demo. When thay stairtit wirkin on the album an wur tryin tae re-record the vocals, Williams felt unsatisfee'd wi it, sae he decidit tae include the demo version an then release it as the first single.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/ |title=Discography>Singles>Feel |publisher=Robbiewilliams.com |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> When the single wis released in late 2002, it became Williams' biggest internaitional hit, goin nummer ane in kintras lik The Netherlands an Italy, as well as reachin the tap ten in amaist ivery single European kintra.<ref>{{cite web |title=Robbie Williams – Feel (Single) |url=http://www.dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Robbie+Williams&titel=Feel&cat=s |publisher=GfK Dutch Charts }}</ref> When Williams' fift studio album ''[[Escapology (album)|Escapology]]'' wis released in late 2002, it hit nummer ane in at least 10 kintras aroond the warld. In the Unitit States, housomeivver, it failed tae mak sic an impact. ''Escapology'' sauld amaist 2&nbsp;million copies bi the end o 2003 in the Unitit Kinrick.<ref>[http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=30860 BPI Certification for "Escapology"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080618162807/http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=30860 |date=2008-06-18 }}</ref> In October 2003, he released his first live album, ''[[Live at Knebworth]]''. In October 2004, he released ''[[Greatest Hits (Robbie Williams album)|Greatest Hits]]'', a retrospective o his career, an an aw, tae reveal the new tracks he haed been wirkin on wi the then-new collaborator, [[Stephen Duffy]].<ref name="robbiewilliams2">{{cite web|url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/ |title=Discography>Albums>Greatest Hits |publisher=Robbiewilliams.com |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> "Radio", the compilation's first single, debuted at nummer ane in the [[UK Singles Chart]]<ref name="UK Top 40 Database" /> (becomin Williams' saxt nummer-ane hit). When the compilation wis later released it debuted at nummer ane in the UK<ref name="UK Top 40 Database" /> an wis the best sellin album o the year in the UK<ref name="timesonline.co.uk">{{cite news |title=UK's 100 best-selling |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article638531.ece?print=yes&randnum=1217442812968 |work=The Times |location=London |accessdate=26 November 2006 |first1=Jenny |last1=Booth |first2=Sadie |last2=Gray }}{{Dead link|date=October 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and Europe.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2006.html |title=IFPI Platinum Europe Awards – 2006 |publisher=IFPI |year=2006 |access-date=2014-01-31 |archive-date=2012-05-06 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/67RkwsciX?url=http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2006.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> 8 years efter the release o "Angels", in Februar 2005, the Breetish public votit it as the "Best Single of the Past Twenty-Five Years" at the 2005 BRIT Awards.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio1/news/brits2005/wdyt_2.shtml |title=Brits25: Did your favourites get awards? |publisher=BBC |date=9 February 2005}}</ref> Efter tourin Laitin Americae in late 2004 for the promotion ''Greatest Hits'', Williams stairtit wirkin on his saxt studio album. Recordit at his hoose in the [[Hollywood Hills]], the album wis co-written bi [[Stephen Duffy]] ower the course o 24 month.<ref name="robbiewilliams3">{{cite web|url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/ |title=Discography>Albums>Intensive Care |publisher=Robbiewilliams.com |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> The album ''[[Intensive Care (album)|Intensive Care]]'' wis launched in Berlin on 9 October. It became a smash hit aroond the warld. In November 2005, Williams teuk hame the [[MTV Europe Music Awards|MTV Europe Music Award]] for 'Best Male', but an aw, entered in ''[[The Guinness Book of World Records]]'' when he annooncit his World Tour for 2006, sellin 1.6&nbsp;million tickets in ane single day.<ref name="sp-13394">{{cite news |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Robbie-Williams-Enters-The-Guinness-Book-of-World-Records-13394.shtml |title=Robbie Williams Enters The Guinness Book of World Records |date=26 November 2005 |publisher=Softpedia |access-date=2014-01-31 |archive-date=2011-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515094603/http://news.softpedia.com/news/Robbie-Williams-Enters-The-Guinness-Book-of-World-Records-13394.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> But efter the success, [[Gary Barlow]], [[Mark Owen]], [[Jason Orange]], an [[Howard Donald]] haed gree'd tae reunite in [[Notting Hill]], wast Lunnon, for a preview screenin o a documentar aboot Take That. The documentar screened on [[ITV1]] on 16 November 2005.{{citation needit}} Williams kickit aff his ''[[Close Encounters Tour|Close Encounters World Tour]]'' in Sooth Africae in Apryle 2006, when he feenished his European leg o the tour. 2.5&nbsp;million fowk haed seen the show,<ref>{{cite web |work=Time |url=http://www.emimusic.com.mx/portal/hgxpp001.aspx?2,24,135,O,S,0,PAG;CONC;26;2;D;372970;1;PAG;, |title=EMI Music Mexico |publisher=Emimusic.com.mx |accessdate=23 December 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019102950/http://www.emimusic.com.mx/portal/hgxpp001.aspx?2,24,135,O,S,0,PAG;CONC;26;2;D;372970;1;PAG;, |archivedate=2007-10-19 |url-status=dead }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.emimusic.com.mx/portal/hgxpp001.aspx?2,24,135,O,S,0,PAG;CONC;26;2;D;372970;1;PAG;, |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-01-31 |archive-date=2007-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019102950/http://www.emimusic.com.mx/portal/hgxpp001.aspx?2,24,135,O,S,0,PAG;CONC;26;2;D;372970;1;PAG;, |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> an efter tourin Laitin Americae an Australie the nummers went up tae 3&nbsp;million. ===2006–09: ''Rudebox'' an ''Reality Killed the Video Star''=== Williams released his hintle anticipatit dance/electro album, ''[[Rudebox (album)|Rudebox]]'', on 23 October 2006. It featurt collaborations wi the [[Pet Shop Boys]], [[William Orbit]], Soul Mekanik, [[Joey Negro]], [[Mark Ronson]], Chris Grierson, an [[The Orr Boys]]. It receivit mixed reviews: Allmusic gae it a fower starn ratin, the ''[[NME]]'' 8 oot o 10, an Music Week an MOJO wur equally positive,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nme.com/reviews/robbie-williams/8052 |title=NME Magazine on "Rudebox" |work=NME |location=UK |date=23 October 2006 |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> but it receivit hintle weaker reviews frae some o the Breetish press. The album sauld 2x Platinum in [[Europe]] wi sales o ower 2&nbsp;million makkin it the fastest platinum-sellin album o 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2006.html |title=IFPI Certifications, November 2006 |publisher=Ifpi.org |date=1 September 2005 |accessdate=23 December 2009 |archive-date=2012-05-06 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/67RkwsciX?url=http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_news/plat2006.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The album feenished at nummer aichteen in the leet o 2006's best sellin albums warldwide. Neil Tennant claimit the album haed sauld 4.5&nbsp;million copies bi early 2007.{{citation needit}} Tae promote his album, Williams commissioned a series o short films.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefirstpost.co.uk/index.php?menuID=2&subID=1514 |title=Goodbye to the hard sell |publisher=Thefirstpost.co.uk |date=12 March 2007 |accessdate=23 December 2009 |archive-date=2007-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011164546/http://www.thefirstpost.co.uk/index.php?menuID=2&subID=1514 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Goodbye to the Normals'' wis directit bi [[Jim Field Smith]] an featurs "Burslem Normals" bi Robbie Williams. The first single titled "Rudebox" wis premiered on radio bi [[Scott Mills]] on his series on [[BBC Radio 1]]. The event caused some controversy, as the record label's embargo date wis broken, awtho Williams hissel later backit the presenter for doin sae. Rumours o a new studio album co-written wi Guy Chambers surfacit in early 2007, alang wi kent commitments required bi Williams tae his EMI contract. Breetish sangster-sangwriter [[Laura Critchley]] commentit that she haed sung vocals for three sangs, an said that it wad no be released till 2009.{{citation needit}} In Februar 2009, it wis confirmit that Williams haed written material wi Guy Chambers an Mark Ronson. A spokesman said that Williams wis plannin tae begin the recordin sessions in Mairch an that the new album wad be released in late 2009. This will probably be the last Williams album released bi EMI.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/jan/28/robbie-williams-album-mark-ronson |title=robbie williams album-mark ronson |work=The Guardian |date= 28 January 2009|accessdate=23 December 2009 | location=London | first=Sean | last=Michaels}}</ref> On his offeecial wabsteid, Williams confirmit that he wis wirkin wi producer [[Trevor Horn]] on his new album, which wad eventually be titled ''[[Reality Killed the Video Star]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.it/music/inuscita/dischi_all.asp |title=New album title – Page 4 |publisher=MTV |accessdate=23 December 2009 |archive-date=2009-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090628115223/http://www.mtv.it/music/inuscita/dischi_all.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> a reference tae the sang "[[Video Killed the Radio Star]]" bi Horn's umwhile baund [[The Buggles]]. The album wis released on 9 November 2009 in the Unitit Kinrick.<ref>{{cite web|last=Glastetter |first=Jason |url=http://www.theendofirony.net/2009/08/robbie-williams-is-back-for-good.html |title=Robbie Williams is back for good |publisher=Theendofirony.net |date=5 August 2009 |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> On 20 October 2009, Williams opened the BBC Electric Proms at the Lunnon RoundHouse.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/electricproms/2009/artists/robbiewilliams/ |title=BBC Electric Proms – Robbie Williams |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> It wis his first live concert for 3 years<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/news-blogs/robbie-switches-the-bbc-electric-proms-2009 |title=Robbie Turns on Electric Proms |publisher=Robbiewilliams.com |accessdate=23 December 2009 |archive-date=2016-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403212156/http://www.robbiewilliams.com/news-blogs/robbie-switches-the-bbc-electric-proms-2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and wis broadcast across 200 cinemas warldwide.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/oct/21/robbie-williams-concert-review |title=Concert Review |work=The Guardian |date= 21 October 2009|accessdate=23 December 2009 | location=London | first=Alexis | last=Petridis}}</ref> Accompaniet bi a strin section, horn section, full baund an producer Trevor Horn, Williams performit several new tracks frae ''Reality Killed the Video Star'' an aulder tracks. ''Reality Killed the Video Star'' wis previewed in the UK on the [[Spotify]] muisic streamin service on 6 November 2009, an offeecial released on 9 November.<ref>{{cite web |last=Sehr |first=Andres |url=http://www.spotify.com/blog/archives/2009/11/03/robbie-williams%E2%80%99-new-album-to-debut-exclusively-on-spotify-in-the-uk/ |title=Robbie Williams’ new album to debut exclusively on Spotify in the UK |publisher=Spotify.com |date=3 November 2009 |accessdate=23 December 2009 |archive-date=2010-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107212352/http://www.spotify.com/blog/archives/2009/11/03/robbie-williams%E2%80%99-new-album-to-debut-exclusively-on-spotify-in-the-uk/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> In a heich profile chairt battle, Williams' album wis pittit against ''[[The X Factor (UK TV series)|X Factor]]'' 2008 runners-up [[JLS]] who released thair [[JLS (album)|debut album]] the same day. JLS beat Williams tae the nummer ane spot bi 1500 sales. The album wis released in the Unitit States an aw (Williams' first album tae be released thare syne 2002's ''Escapology''). In late November 2009, Williams traveled tae Australie tae perform at the [[ARIA Music Awards o 2009]]. ===2010–13: ''In and Out of Consciousness'', ''Take the Crown'' an ''Swings Both Ways''=== In October 2010, Williams released his seicont greatest hits album, ''[[In and Out of Consciousness: The Greatest Hits 1990–2010]]'', tae celebrate 20 years as a performin airtist.<ref name="NewAlbum">{{cite web|title=In And Out Of Consciousness: Robbie's Greatest Hits 1990–2010 Is Coming!|url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/news-blogs/in-and-out-of-consciousness-robbies-greatest-hits-1990-2010-coming|publisher=robbiewilliams.com|accessdate=26 June 2010|archive-date=2015-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018162359/http://www.robbiewilliams.com/news-blogs/in-and-out-of-consciousness-robbies-greatest-hits-1990-2010-coming|url-status=dead}}</ref> A single, "Shame", wis released an aw, which wis written an sung bi Williams an Barlow.<ref name="NewAlbum"/> On 21 October 2011 Williams annooncit that he haed signed wi [[Universal Music Group|Universal Music]], follaein his depairtur frae his previous record label EMI in 2010. He said in a statement, "I'm really thrilled to be joining the Universal family at what I think is the most exciting time in my career."<ref name="newalbum">{{cite web|title=Robbie's New Album Set For Release By Universal Music|url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/news-blogs/robbies-new-album-set-for-release-by-universal-music|publisher=RobbieWillliams.com|accessdate=21 October 2011|date=21 October 2011|archive-date=2014-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212040050/http://www.robbiewilliams.com/news-blogs/robbies-new-album-set-for-release-by-universal-music|url-status=dead}}</ref> He wis the openin act at the [[Diamond Jubilee o Elizabeth II|Diamond Jubilee]] concert held ootside Buckingham Palace on 4 Juin 2012. Durin the end o August his offeecial wabsteid began a coontdoun tae the release o information regardin his latest solo material, wi a image o his face an his mind unveiled daily as the coontdoun expired.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news/86107/Robbie-Williams-Teases-New-Single-Losers- |title=BY HOLLY FRITH ON 28 August 2012 Robbie Williams Teases New Single 'Losers' Singer will release new album in October |access-date=2014-01-31 |archive-date=2013-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105051029/http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news/86107/Robbie-Williams-Teases-New-Single-Losers- |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''[[Take the Crown]]'' debuted at nummer ane on the [[UK Albums Chart]] makkin it Williams' tent nummer ane album. It markit the seicont time that Williams haed a nummer ane single ("Candy") an album at the same time on the chairt. The first time wis in 2001 when "[[Somethin' Stupid]]" an ''[[Swing When You're Winning]]'' wur nummer ane on the singles an albums chairt respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/robbie-williams-crowned-king-of-the-charts-with-number-1-single-and-album-1701/ |title=Robbie Williams crowned king of the charts with Number 1 single and al |publisher=Officialcharts.com |accessdate=2012-11-11}}</ref> The album's lead single, "Candy", premiered on 10 September 2012 an wis released on 11 September in maist kintras an 29 October in the UK.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/news-blogs/listen-to-robbies-new-single-candy |title=Listen To Robbie's New Single Candy |publisher=Robbie Williams's official site |date=6 September 2012 |accessdate=11 September 2012 |archive-date=2014-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316081531/http://www.robbiewilliams.com/news-blogs/listen-to-robbies-new-single-candy |url-status=dead }}</ref> In the UK, "Candy" became Williams' first nummer ane single syne "Radio" (2004) an his seivent solo nummer ane single. In its first week the sang haes sauld 137,000 copies becomin the fastest-sellin male airtist single o the year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/take-that-gary-robbie-williams-equals-gary-barlows-career-tally-as-candy-hits-number-1-1684/ |title=Take THAT, Gary! Robbie Williams equals Gary Barlow’s career tally as |publisher=Officialcharts.com |accessdate=2012-11-07}}</ref> On 26 November 2012, Williams annooncit a [[Take The Crown Stadium Tour|17 date stadium tour o Europe]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a440965/robbie-williams-announces-17-date-european-stadium-tour.html |title=Robbie Williams announces 17-date European stadium tour |access-date=2014-01-31 |archive-date=2013-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017154456/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a440965/robbie-williams-announces-17-date-european-stadium-tour.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.4music.com/news/news/7006/Robbie-Williams-announces-tour|title=Robbie Williams Announces Tour|publisher=4Music|date=26 November 2012 |accessdate=26 November 2012}}</ref> Williams confirmit that the support act for the tour wad be [[Olly Murs]] an aw who duets wi him on "Kids" an aw. Universal an EMI mergit in 2012, bringin Williams' Chrysalis/Virgin recordins full circle tae Universal. In September 2013, Williams annooncit a follae up tae his 2001 swing album, titled ''[[Swings Both Ways]]'' for release in November. The album featurs covers an oreeginal sangs, whilst includin duet recordins wi [[Michael Bublé]], [[Olly Murs]], [[Rufus Wainright]], [[Lily Allen]] an [[Kelly Clarkson]] an aw.<ref>{{cite web |author=Published Thursday, Sep 12 2013, 00:01 BST |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a514634/robbie-williams-announces-new-album-swings-both-ways-video.html |title=Robbie Williams announces new album 'Swings Both Ways' - video - Music News |publisher=Digital Spy |date=2013-09-12 |accessdate=2013-09-17 |archive-date=2015-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016062234/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a514634/robbie-williams-announces-new-album-swings-both-ways-video.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> In November 2013 Williams made a cameo appearance in the video tae Murs's sang "[[Hand on Heart]]". ==Personal life== Syne 2006, Williams haes spent maist o his time in [[Los Angeles]], [[Californie]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/robbie-williams/news/155503-exclusive-robbie-williams-interview|title=Robbie Williams Interview|publisher=MTV UK|accessdate=2 April 2010|archive-date=2010-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815073322/http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/robbie-williams/news/155503-exclusive-robbie-williams-interview|url-status=dead}}</ref> Williams muivit back tae the UK in 2009 when he bocht an [[poond sterling|£]]8.5&nbsp;million mansion in [[Compton Bassett]], Wiltshire, nearbi tae close friend Jonathan Wilkes who lives in [[Swindon]]. ===Halth issues=== Williams haes reportedly battled mental illness, [[obesity]], [[sel-esteem]] issues, alcoholism, an [[substance abuiss]] throuoot his life.<ref name="heathfeel">{{cite book |author=Chris Heath |title=Feel: Robbie Williams |url=https://archive.org/details/feelrobbiewillia0000heat |publisher=Ebury |location=London |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-09-189753-6}}</ref><ref name="independent.co.uk">{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/robbies-redtop-revenge-or-how-a-star-got-his-own-back-on-the-paparazzi-558178.html |title=Robbie's red-top revenge. Or how a star got his own back on the paparazzi |work=The Independent |accessdate=29 August 2004 |location=London |first1=Anthony |last1=Barnes |date=29 August 2004 |archive-date=2009-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206165446/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/robbies-redtop-revenge-or-how-a-star-got-his-own-back-on-the-paparazzi-558178.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> He haes discussed hou his friend [[Elton John]] beukit him intae a clinic tae cope wi his drog uise that emergit frae the depression he wis experiencin while still in Take That.<ref name="independent.co.uk" /> He revealed in 2011 he haed been battlin a [[lethargy]] caused bi a teep o [[hormone imbalance]] cried [[andropause]] for a nummer o years an thocht at first it wis a return o his depression.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/story/williams-suffering-from-hormone-imbalance_1169373 |title=Robbie Williams &#124; Williams Suffering From Hormone Imbalance |publisher=Contactmusic |date=6 October 2010 |accessdate=2 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/entertainment/take-that-singer-robbie-williams-admits-to-injecting-himself-with-testosterone-weekly/story-e6frewyr-1226068200611|title=Take That singer Robbie Williams admits to injecting himself with testosterone weekly |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=Australia |date=2 June 2011 |accessdate=2 October 2011}}</ref> ===Interests=== Williams haes a strang interest in [[UFO]]s an relatit [[paranormal]] phenomena, an haes pursued this interest durin his 2007–08 sabbatical.<ref>{{cite news |first=Jon |last=Ronson |title=I'm loving aliens instead |url=http://music.guardian.co.uk/pop/story/0,,2274878,00.html |work=The Guardian |date=19 April 2008 |accessdate=19 April 2008 | location=London}}</ref> His interest in the subject led tae him takkin pairt in a documentar for [[BBC Radio 4]] wi [[Jon Ronson]]. The documentar follaeed thaim tae a UFO convention in [[Nevada]] durin which Williams connectit his interest in the paranormal wi the desire tae unnerstaund his bairnheid fears o his mithers interest in "the warld's meesteries, elves, demons, witchcraft".<ref>{{cite book|last=Ronson|first=Jon|title=Lost at Sea: The Jon Ronson Mysteries|url=https://archive.org/details/lostatseajonrons00jonr|publisher=Riverhead Hardcover|year=2012|page=[https://archive.org/details/lostatseajonrons00jonr/page/94 94]|isbn=978-1594631375}}</ref> ===Relationships an faitherheid=== Syne Mey 2006, Williams haes been in a relationship wi the [[Turkis American]] actress [[Ayda Field]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gala.de/stars/news/73904/Robbie-Williams-und-Ayda-Field-Ich-habe-meine-Liebe-gefunden.html |title=Robbie Williams + Ayda Field: "Ich habe meine Liebe gefunden" |publisher=Gala.de |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> Despite several break up stories in the press,<ref>[http://www.showbizspy.com/2008/01/20/robbie-williams-love-life-on-the-rocks/ Robbie Williams Love Life on the Rocks] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121020638/http://www.showbizspy.com/2008/01/20/robbie-williams-love-life-on-the-rocks |date=2008-11-21 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.people.co.uk/showbiz/showbiz/tm_headline=she-s-the-gone-for-robbie-williams&method=full&objectid=20291364&siteid=93463-name_page.html |title=She's The.. Gone For Robbie Williams |publisher=People.Co.Uk |date=20 January 2008 |accessdate=23 December 2009}} Williams an Field hae been spottit thegither mony times.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tmz.com/2008/05/08/robbie-williams-swears-its-this-big/#comments |title=Robbie Williams Swears It's This Big |publisher=Tmz.com |date=8 May 2008 |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> On 29 Januar 2008 thay wur pictured on vacation thegither at Mammoth Ski Resort in Californie, accompaniet bi [[Max Beesley]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aftonbladet.se/webbtv/noje/article1762260.ab |title=ACTUAL ARTICLE TITLE BELONGS HERE! |work=Aftonbladet |date=4 February 2008 |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://robbiewilliamsnews.blogspot.com/2008/02/robbie-williams-spotted-in-snowy.html |title=Robbie Williams News: Robbie Williams spotted in snowy California! |publisher=Robbiewilliamsnews.blogspot.com |date=26 February 2004 |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref><ref>[http://robbiewilliamsjourney.blogspot.com/2008/02/images-thanks-to-rwcm-purerobbiecom.html My Robbie Williams Journey: images thanks to rwcm @purerobbie.com]{{Dead link|date=December 2009}}</ref> She wis featurt in a UFO documentar that Williams did for BBC Radio 4 in Apryle<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2008/apr/19/popandrock.spaceexploration |title=Jon Ronson heads deep into the Nevada desert with UFO obsessed Robbie Williams |work=The Guardian |date= 19 April 2008|accessdate=23 December 2009 | location=London}}</ref> an teuk pairt in a field investigation he did in [[Trout Lake, Washington]] in August 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread389179/pg1 |title=And Robbie Williams Investigate UFOs at Gilliland Ranch, page 1 |publisher=Abovetopsecret.com |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> In October 2009, Field appeared in the video o Williams comeback single "Bodies". Williams haes been referrin tae Field as his "wife" in recent interviews.<ref>{{cite news |last=Adams |first=Cameron |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/story/0,28383,26216584-5013560,00.html |title=Robbie Williams 'nervous not drunk' during comeback performance |date=16 October 2009 |accessdate=23 December 2009 |work=The Daily Telegraph |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091017084242/http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/story/0,28383,26216584-5013560,00.html |archivedate=2009-10-17 |url-status=live }}</ref> In November 2009, Williams annooncit tae [[Jonathan Ross]] that he wis 'in luve' wi Field.<ref>[[Friday Night with Jonathan Ross]], [[Hotsauce TV|Hot Sauce]] production for the BBC. First Broadcast 7 November 2009.</ref> On 26 November 2009, Williams proposed tae Ayda Field live on the Australie radio channel [[2DayFM]] in an interview on ''[[The Kyle and Jackie O Show]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.2dayfm.com.au/entertainment/daily_dirt//blog/robbie-proposes/20091127-6mnu.html |title=2dayfm.com.au |publisher=2dayfm.com.au |date=27 November 2009 |accessdate=23 December 2009}}</ref> Housomeivver, it wis later revealed bi Williams' manager that it wis "done as a joke follaein suggestions it wis a stunt which wis set up prior tae the radio show." His spokesman confirmit: 'He did say it, but he did it in a jocular manner. Thay are no engagit.'{{citation needit}} A few days later Williams hissel denied the engagement, uisin his offeecial blog tae say "Hey all. We are not engaged. Rob.".<ref>[http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a188971/robbie-williams-we-are-not-engaged.html Robbie Williams denies engagement rumours] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308141435/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a188971/robbie-williams-we-are-not-engaged.html |date=2010-03-08 }} Digital Spy. Retrieved 28 November 2009.</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8384089.stm Robbie Williams denies engagement rumours] BBC News. Retrieved 28 November 2009.</ref> On 7 August 2010, Williams an Field marriet at his hame in Los Angeles.{{citation needit}} In Mey 2012, Williams revealed that he an his pairtner wur expectin the birth o a dochter.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/music/news-and-interviews/Robbie-Williams-and-wife-Ayda-Field-expecting-baby-girl/articleshow/13483281.cms | title= Robbie Williams and wife Ayda Field expecting baby girl| date=25 May 2012 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Theodora Rose wis born on 18 September 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/201209199351/robbie-williams-ayda-welcome-daughter/|title=Robbie joins the daddy club as wife Ayda welcomes baby Teddy|date=19 September 2012|publisher=Hello! Magazine|accessdate=19 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/19645380|title=Robbie Williams' wife has given birth to a daughter | accessdate=19 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Proud dad Robbie shows off baby Theodora|url=http://www.essentialbaby.com.au/life-style/family-entertainment/proud-dad-robbie-shows-off-baby-theodora-20120923-26ek2.html#utm_source=FD&utm_medium=xpromo&utm_campaign=robbie-williams-new-dad_sept27|work=Essential Baby|publisher=Fairfax Media|accessdate=7 October 2012|author=PA|date=23 September 2012}}</ref> Robbie Williams is guid friends wi Darts Player [[Phil Taylor (darts player)|Phil Taylor]]. ===Walth=== In 2009, the [[Sunday Times Rich List|''Sunday Times'' Rich List]] claimit he wis wirth ower £130&nbsp;million.{{citation needit}} Williams is a lifelang supporter o [[Port Vale F.C.|Port Vale]], based in his hame toun o [[Stoke-on-Trent]]. In Februar 2006 he bocht £240,000 wirth o shares in the club, makkin him the majority [[sharehaulder]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/stoke/content/articles/2006/02/27/robbie_williams_vale_stake_feature.shtml |title=BBC Stoke & Staffordshire – Robbie buys into Vale |accessdate=17 December 2006}}</ref> ===Charity=== [[File:Robbie Williams SoccerAid2006 Pre-Match Training.jpg|thumb|right|Williams wairmin up for the 2006 edition o [[Soccer Aid]]]] Williams haes set up a charity in his hame toun o Stoke-on-Trent entitled ''Give It Sum'', its goal bein tae "impruive local condeetions an strenthen commonty life bi giein money tae those who are disadvantagit."<ref name="heathfeel" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/stoke/robbie/giveitsum/index.shtml |title=Robbie's Givin It Sum... |accessdate=26 May 2007 |publisher=BBC |archive-date=2013-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130820170255/http://www.bbc.co.uk/stoke/robbie/giveitsum/index.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> Williams, wi the help o friend Jonathan Wilkes, haes organisit charity fitbaa matches cried [[Soccer Aid]] tae raise money for [[UNICEF UK]]. A mixtur o celebrities an profeesional fitbaa players hae played Soccer Aid matches in 2006, 2008, 2010 an 2012 at Old Trafford in Manchester an Wembley Stadium in Lunnon.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=60916 |title=Robbie Williams Kicks for Charity|publisher=Novinite=Sofia News Agency |date=23 March 2006}}</ref> Williams haes been the Patron o the childer's charity the Donna Louise Trust, based in Stoke-on-Trent, syne 2002. The charity affers respite an palliative care tae [[terminal illness|terminally ill]] an life-limitit childer who are no expectit tae live past the age o 16.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.donnalouisetrust.org/ |title=Donna Louise Trust |publisher=Donna Louise Trust |accessdate=23 December 2009 |archive-date=2009-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091125052020/http://www.donnalouisetrust.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Awairds== {{main|Leet o awairds receivit bi Robbie Williams}} Williams haes wan various awairds wi some o his mair recognisit accolades bein the BRIT awairds. He haes wan 17 BRIT awairds which include the BRITs he wan wi [[Take That]] an aw makkin him the maist successfu airtist in BRIT history. He haes wan 8 Echo Awards frae the German muisic industry an aw.<ref name="rhein-zeitung.de">{{cite web |url=http://rhein-zeitung.de/on/07/03/28/magazin/musik/t/rzo323926.html |title=Echo-Verleihung mit hohem Kreischfaktor |publisher=Rhein-Zeitung Online |language=German |access-date=2014-02-15 |archive-date=2009-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091115074411/http://rhein-zeitung.de/on/07/03/28/magazin/musik/t/rzo323926.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.robbiewilliams.com/news-blogs/robbie-scoops-echo-award-in-germany |title=robbie-scoops-echo-award-in-germany |publisher=Robbiewilliams.com |accessdate=2 October 2011 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Discografie== <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: do not add charts, sales, pictures or upcoming releases, that's why the Discography page was created --> {{Main 2|Robbie Williams discografie}} ;Studio albums * ''[[Life thru a Lens]]'' (1997) * ''[[I've Been Expecting You]]'' (1998) * ''[[Sing When You're Winning]]'' (2000) * ''[[Swing When You're Winning]]'' (2001) * ''[[Escapology (album)|Escapology]]'' (2002) * ''[[Intensive Care (album)|Intensive Care]]'' (2005) * ''[[Rudebox]]'' (2006) * ''[[Reality Killed the Video Star]]'' (2009) * ''[[Take the Crown (album)|Take the Crown]]'' (2012) * ''[[Swings Both Ways]]'' (2013) ==Tours== <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: do not add ticket sales without a source --> * 1997: [[Show Off Must Go On Tour]] * 1998: [[Ego Has Landed Tour]] * 1998&ndash;99: [[One More for the Rogue Tour]] * 1999: [[1999 Tour (Robbie Williams)|1999 Tour]] <small>(Man, The Myth, The Tax Bill [a.k.a. Born Tae Be Mild], A Few Dollars More…, Get Your Coat Baby, You've Pulled!)</small> * 2000&ndash;01: [[The Sermon on the Mount Tour]] * 2001: [[Weddings, Barmitzvahs & Stadiums Tour]] * 2003: [[2003 Tour (Robbie Williams)|2003 Tour]] <small>(Weekends of Mass Distraction, Cock of Juistice, Aussie Typo)</small> * 2006: [[Close Encounters Tour]] * 2013: [[Take the Crown Stadium Tour]] * 2014: [[Swing Both Ways Tour]] ==References== {{reflist|30em}} ==Further readin== Chris Heath, ''Feel: Robbie Williams'', 2004, Ebury. ISBN 978-0-09-189753-6. ==Freemit airtins== {{commons}} {{Wikiquote}} {{Wikipedia books}} * {{official website|http://www.robbiewilliams.com}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Williams, Robbie}} [[Category:Robbie Williams| ]] [[Category:1974 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Brit Award winners]] [[Category:Capitol Records airtists]] [[Category:Inglis dance muisickers]] [[Category:Inglis expatriates in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Inglis fitbaa chairmen an investors]] [[Category:Inglis male film actors]] [[Category:Inglis male sangsters]] [[Category:Inglis male vyce actors]] [[Category:Inglis pop sangsters]] [[Category:Inglis pop rock sangsters]] [[Category:Inglis sangster-sangwriters]] [[Category:Hollywood United players]] [[Category:Ivor Novello Awaird winners]] [[Category:Muisic in Stoke-on-Trent]] [[Category:Muisickers frae Staffordshire]] [[Category:Fowk frae Stoke-on-Trent]] [[Category:Port Vale F.C.]] [[Category:Take That members]] [[Category:World Music Awards winners]] [[Category:Britpop muisickers]] 8ovxpfwyxl3z01gqhynzlnfgai6g13w 0 68826 901616 898871 2025-01-01T00:41:28Z 217.146.121.254 /* History */ 901616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{distinguish|Toyota Aygo|Toyota Aqua}} {{Infobox automobile | image = 2017 Toyota Agya 1.2 G hatchback (B101RA; 12-09-2018), South Tangerang.jpg | name = Toyota Agya | manufacturer = [[Daihatsu|Astra Daihatsu]] <small>([[Indonesie]])</small> | production = 2011 | assembly = [[North Jakarta]], [[Indonesie]] | class = [[Ceety caur]] | platform = | layout = [[Front-ingine, front-wheel-drive layoot|FF layoot]] | body_style = 5-door [[hatchback]] | engine = [[Petrol]]: <br/>1.0 L ''[[:en:Toyota KR engine#1KR-FE|1KR-FE]]'' [[:en:Straight-three engine|I3]]<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> | transmission = 5-speed [[manual transmission|manual]]<br/>4-speed [[automatic transmission|automatic]] | wheelbase = {{convert|2730|mm|abbr=on|1}} | length = {{convert|3600|mm|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> | width = Ayla: {{convert|1600|mm|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="Autoindustriya"/><br/>Agya: {{convert|1620|mm|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> | height = {{convert|1520|mm|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> | weight = {{convert|800|kg|abbr=on|0}} | aka = Toyota Wigo<ref name="TopGearPh">{{cite web |url=http://www.topgear.com.ph/news/industry-news/toyota-ph-teases-us-with-the-wigo |title=Toyota PH teases us with the Wigo |first=Patrick Everett |last=Tadeo |publisher=''[[Top Gear (magazine)|Top Gear Philippines]]'' |date=2014-01-16 |accessdate=2014-01-16}}</ref><br/>Daihatsu Ayla | designer = Mark Widjaja | related = [[Toyota Aygo]] }} The '''Toyota Agya''' is a [[ceety caur]] made bi [[Toyota]], designed bi [[Daihatsu]] an manufactured bi Astra Daihatsu in [[Indonesie]]. It is saud as the '''Toyota Wigo'''<ref name="TopGearPh"/> an the '''Daihatsu Ayla''' . The name "Agya" wis taken frae the [[Sanskrit leid|Sanskrit]] wird meanin "fast".<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> ==History== The car was announced and shown at the 2012 [[Indonesia International Motor Show]] as Toyota and Daihatsu's answer to the Indonesian government's plan for the [[Indonesie caur|LCGC]] law. Initially, the car was available for advance order after the show, however this only lasted for a few weeks owing to thew fact that the manufacturers were waiting for the government to finalise regulations regarding LCGC. The Agya and the Ayla use the same 1.0 litre [[:en:Toyota KR engine#1KR-FE|1KR-FE]] [[:en:Straight-three engine|three-cylinder]] engine as the Toyota [[Toyota Aygo|Aygo]].<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> In July 2013, Toyota Motor [[Philippines]] (TMP) announced that it would import the Agya, starting in December of that year, in order to compete with the [[Mitsubishi Mirage#Saxt generation (2012–present)|Mitsubishi Mirage]].<ref name="Autoindustriya">{{cite web |url=http://www.autoindustriya.com/auto-industry-news/toyota-ph-to-launch-agya-city-car-by-december.html |title=Toyota PH to launch Agya city car by December |author=Pornelos, Vince |publisher=''Autoindustriya'' |date=2013-07-24 |accessdate=2013-07-31}}</ref> It would have a different name suitable for the Philippine market.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.autoindustriya.com/auto-industry-news/ph-bound-toyota-agya-will-undergo-a-name-change.html |title=PH-bound Toyota Agya will undergo a name change |author=Pornelos, Vince |publisher=''Autoindustriya'' |date=2013-07-30 |accessdate=2013-07-31}}</ref> In January 2014, TMP announced that the car would be called the Wigo.<ref name="TopGearPh"/> A year after it was announced, in September 2013, the Agya and Ayla were officially launched to the general public. ==Toyota Agya== In Indonesie and Tunisia, the Agya is available in three different models, aw o thaim are available wi a choice o a automatic or manual transmission. The three models are:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toyota.co.id/product/agya/#price-and-specifications |title=PT. Toyota Astra Motor {{!}} Mobil Terbaik Keluarga Indonesia {{!}} Product {{!}} Agya {{!}} price-and-specifications |publisher=Toyota |location=Indonesia |accessdate=2013-10-21 |archive-date=2014-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814032103/http://www.toyota.co.id/product/agya/#price-and-specifications |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 1.0 E * 1.0 G * 1.0 TRD S ==Daihatsu Ayla== In Indonesie, the Ayla is available in fower different models, twa o thaim are available wi a choice o a automatic or manual transmission. The fower models are:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.daihatsu.co.id/products/price/ayla |title=Daihatsu Ayla |publisher=Daihatsu |location=Indonesia |accessdate=2013-10-21 |archive-date=2013-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019232858/http://www.daihatsu.co.id/products/price/ayla |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 1.0 D * 1.0 D+ * 1.0 M * 1.0 X ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Toyota vehicles|Agya]] [[Category:Daihatsu vehicles|Ayla]] [[Category:Ceety caurs]] [[Category:Front-wheel-drive vehicles]] [[Category:Hatchbacks]] [[Category:2010s automobiles]] [[Category:Vehicles introducit in 2013]] 4cdnvy83iw0c4ykfpxegpib3dxml2qj 901617 901616 2025-01-01T00:45:26Z CiphriusKane 74958 Undae revision [[Special:Diff/901616|901616]] bi [[Special:Contributions/217.146.121.254|217.146.121.254]] ([[User talk:217.146.121.254|Tauk]])Nae the Inglis wiki 901617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{distinguish|Toyota Aygo|Toyota Aqua}} {{Infobox automobile | image = 2017 Toyota Agya 1.2 G hatchback (B101RA; 12-09-2018), South Tangerang.jpg | name = Toyota Agya | manufacturer = [[Daihatsu|Astra Daihatsu]] <small>([[Indonesie]])</small> | production = 2011 | assembly = [[North Jakarta]], [[Indonesie]] | class = [[Ceety caur]] | platform = | layout = [[Front-ingine, front-wheel-drive layoot|FF layoot]] | body_style = 5-door [[hatchback]] | engine = [[Petrol]]: <br/>1.0 L ''[[:en:Toyota KR engine#1KR-FE|1KR-FE]]'' [[:en:Straight-three engine|I3]]<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> | transmission = 5-speed [[manual transmission|manual]]<br/>4-speed [[automatic transmission|automatic]] | wheelbase = {{convert|2730|mm|abbr=on|1}} | length = {{convert|3600|mm|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> | width = Ayla: {{convert|1600|mm|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="Autoindustriya"/><br/>Agya: {{convert|1620|mm|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> | height = {{convert|1520|mm|abbr=on|1}}<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> | weight = {{convert|800|kg|abbr=on|0}} | aka = Toyota Wigo<ref name="TopGearPh">{{cite web |url=http://www.topgear.com.ph/news/industry-news/toyota-ph-teases-us-with-the-wigo |title=Toyota PH teases us with the Wigo |first=Patrick Everett |last=Tadeo |publisher=''[[Top Gear (magazine)|Top Gear Philippines]]'' |date=2014-01-16 |accessdate=2014-01-16}}</ref><br/>Daihatsu Ayla | designer = Mark Widjaja | related = [[Toyota Aygo]] }} The '''Toyota Agya''' is a [[ceety caur]] made bi [[Toyota]], designed bi [[Daihatsu]] an manufactured bi Astra Daihatsu in [[Indonesie]]. It is saud as the '''Toyota Wigo'''<ref name="TopGearPh"/> an the '''Daihatsu Ayla''' . The name "Agya" wis taken frae the [[Sanskrit leid|Sanskrit]] wird meanin "fast".<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> ==History== The caur wis annooncit an shawed at the 2012 [[Indonesia International Motor Show]] as Toyota an Astra Daihatsu's answer tae the Indonesie govrenment's plan o [[Indonesie caur|LCGC]] rule. Initially the caur wis available for advance beukin efter the show but it anerly lastit for few weeks acause the manufacturers wur waitin for the govrenment tae feenalize regulation regardin LCGC. Agya an Ayla uise the same 1.0 liter [[:en:Toyota KR engine#1KR-FE|1KR-FE]] [[:en:Straight-three engine|three-cylinder]] ingine as the [[Toyota Aygo|Aygo]].<ref name="Autoindustriya"/> In Julie 2013, Toyota Motor [[Philippines]] (TMP) annooncit thay will import the Agya in Dizember tae compete wi the [[Mitsubishi Mirage#Saxt generation (2012–present)|Mitsubishi Mirage]].<ref name="Autoindustriya">{{cite web |url=http://www.autoindustriya.com/auto-industry-news/toyota-ph-to-launch-agya-city-car-by-december.html |title=Toyota PH to launch Agya city car by December |author=Pornelos, Vince |publisher=''Autoindustriya'' |date=2013-07-24 |accessdate=2013-07-31}}</ref> It will unnergo a different name for the Philippine Mercat.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.autoindustriya.com/auto-industry-news/ph-bound-toyota-agya-will-undergo-a-name-change.html |title=PH-bound Toyota Agya will undergo a name change |author=Pornelos, Vince |publisher=''Autoindustriya'' |date=2013-07-30 |accessdate=2013-07-31}}</ref> In Januar 2014, TMP annooncit that the caur will be cried Wigo.<ref name="TopGearPh"/> Efter a year syne it wis annooncit, Agya an Ayla wur offeecially launched an sauld tae general public on the seicont week o September 2013. ==Toyota Agya== In Indonesie and Tunisia, the Agya is available in three different models, aw o thaim are available wi a choice o a automatic or manual transmission. The three models are:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toyota.co.id/product/agya/#price-and-specifications |title=PT. Toyota Astra Motor {{!}} Mobil Terbaik Keluarga Indonesia {{!}} Product {{!}} Agya {{!}} price-and-specifications |publisher=Toyota |location=Indonesia |accessdate=2013-10-21 |archive-date=2014-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814032103/http://www.toyota.co.id/product/agya/#price-and-specifications |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 1.0 E * 1.0 G * 1.0 TRD S ==Daihatsu Ayla== In Indonesie, the Ayla is available in fower different models, twa o thaim are available wi a choice o a automatic or manual transmission. The fower models are:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.daihatsu.co.id/products/price/ayla |title=Daihatsu Ayla |publisher=Daihatsu |location=Indonesia |accessdate=2013-10-21 |archive-date=2013-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019232858/http://www.daihatsu.co.id/products/price/ayla |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 1.0 D * 1.0 D+ * 1.0 M * 1.0 X ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Toyota vehicles|Agya]] [[Category:Daihatsu vehicles|Ayla]] [[Category:Ceety caurs]] [[Category:Front-wheel-drive vehicles]] [[Category:Hatchbacks]] [[Category:2010s automobiles]] [[Category:Vehicles introducit in 2013]] lmzqtxvu13ju96lzo9esiphy5yq6h1h 0 68875 901622 894594 2025-01-01T09:47:14Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 901622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox UK place| |country = Scotland |official_name= Jedburgh |coordinates = {{coord|55.477|-2.546|display=inline,title}} |scots_name= Jeddart, Jethart |gaelic_name= |static_image_name=File:Jedburgh Abbey August 2018 in the Scottish borders.jpg |static_image_width= 100 |static_image_caption= <small>''"Strenue et Prospere"'', Earnestly an Successfully</small> |population= 4,090 |os_grid_reference= NT6520 |unitary_scotland= [[The Mairches]] |lieutenancy_scotland= [[Roxburgh, Ettrick an Lauderdale]] |constituency_westminster= [[Berwickshire, Roxburgh an Selkirk (UK Pairliament constituency)|Berwickshire, Roxburgh an Selkirk]] |constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Ettrick, Roxburgh an Berwickshire (Scots Pairliament constituency)|Ettrick, Roxburgh an Berwickshire]] |post_town= JEDBURGH |postcode_district = TD8 |postcode_area= TD |dial_code= 01835 |edinburgh_distance_mi= 40.899 |london_distance_mi= 292.766 |website= http://www.jedburgh.org.uk/ }} '''Jethart''' or Jeddart,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scotslanguage.com/books/view/1/823/Names%20in%20Scots%20-%20Places%20in%20Scotland |title=Scots Language Centre: Scottish Place Names in Scots |publisher=Scotslanguage.com |date= |accessdate=2013-01-12 |archive-date=2020-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319215057/http://www.scotslanguage.com/books/view/1/823/Names%20in%20Scots%20-%20Places%20in%20Scotland |url-status=dead }}</ref> is a toun an umwhile [[ryal burgh]] in the [[Scots Borders]] an historically in [[Roxburghshire]]. ==History== Bishop [[Ecgred o Lindisfarne]] foondit a kirk at Jedburgh in the 9t century, an Keeng [[David I o Scotland]] made it a [[priory]] atween 1118 an 1138, hoosin [[Augustinian]] [[monk]]s frae [[Beauvais]] in [[Fraunce]]. The [[aibey]] wis foondit in 1147, but mairch wars wi Ingland in the 16t century left it a ruin. The deeply releegious Scots keeng [[Malcolm IV o Scotland|Malcolm IV]] dee'd at Jethart in 1165, aged 24. His daith is thocht tae hae been caused bi excessive fastin. David I biggit a [[Jethart Castle|castle]] at Jethart, an in 1174 it wis ane o five fortresses cedit tae Ingland. It wis an occasional ryal residence for the Scots. It wis demolished in 1409.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB35482|title=CASTLEGATE, JEDBURGH CASTLE OLD JAIL WITH EXERCISE YARD WALLS, FORTIFICATIONS, PORTCULLIS GATES, ENTRANCE GATES AND OUTER EMBANKMENT WALL|website=portal.historicenvironment.scot|language=en|access-date=2018-03-12}}</ref> [[File:Jedabbey21 (1).jpg|left|thumb|upright|[[Jethart Aibey]]]] [[File:Jedburgh Castle 01.jpg|left|thumb|Panorama o Jethart Castle]] In 1258, Jethart was a focus of royal attention, with negotiations atween Scotland's [[Alexander III of Scotland|Alexander III]] and England's [[Henry III of England|Henry III]] over the succession to the Scottish throne, leaving the [[Clan Cumming|Comyn]] faction dominant. [[Alexander III of Scotland|Alexander III]] was married to [[Yolande of Dreux, Queen of Scotland|Yolande]] in the abbey in 1285.<ref name="Connolly2017">{{cite book|author=Sharon Bennett Connolly|title=Heroines of the Medieval World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vyo2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT116|date=15 September 2017|publisher=Amberley Publishing|isbn=978-1-4456-6265-7|pages=116–}}</ref> Its proximity to England made it subject to raids and skirmishes by both Scottish and English forces but its strategic position also brocht the town valuable trade. At various times and at various locations the town supported a horse market, a cattle market, a corn market and a butcher market. Farm workers and servants also attended hiring fairs seeking employment.<ref>{{cite book|last=Olsen|first=Judy|title=Old Jedburgh|year=2003|publisher=Stenlake Publishing|location=Catrine, Ayrshire|isbn=9781840332360|page=3|url=http://www.stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=299|access-date=2018-07-26|archive-date=2019-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215115054/http://stenlake.co.uk/books/view_book.php?ref=299|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], stayed at a certain house in the town in 1566 and that house is now a museum.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jedburgh.org.uk/attraction-mary-queen-of-scots-house |title=Mary Queen of Scots House |access-date=2017-09-06 |website=Jedburgh.org.uk |date=2012–2017 |archive-date=2017-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907033050/http://www.jedburgh.org.uk/attraction-mary-queen-of-scots-house |url-status=dead }}</ref> The title "Lord of Jedburgh Forest" was granted to [[George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus]] on his marriage to the Princess Mary, dochter of [[Robert III of Scotland|Robert III]] in 1397. It is a subsidiary title of the present [[Earl of Angus]], the [[Duke of Hamilton]]. The [[Duke of Douglas]] was raised to the position of Viscount Jedburgh Forest, but he died without an heir in 1761. In 1745, the [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] army led by Prince [[Charles Edward Stuart]] passed through the town on its way to England, and the Prince also stayed there. The Castle Prison opened in 1823.<ref name=":0" /> In 1787, the geologist [[James Hutton]] noted what is now known as the Hutton [[Unconformity#Angular unconformity|Unconformity]]<ref name="VestigeProspectAMNH"/> at Inchbonny, near Jedburgh.<ref name=Jedwalks>{{cite web |url=http://www.scotborders.gov.uk/download/downloads/id/424/border_brains_walks_guide_2011 |title=Border Brains Walks Berwickshire |accessdate=2012-06-29 |author=Graphic Design Section |year=1999 |work= |publisher=Scottish Borders Council |archive-date=2015-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018201157/http://www.scotborders.gov.uk/download/downloads/id/424/border_brains_walks_guide_2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://nagt.org/files/nagt/jge/abstracts/Montgomery_v51n5.pdf |title=Siccar Point and Teaching the History of Geology |accessdate=2008-03-26 |author=Keith Montgomery |year=2003 |format=PDF |work= |publisher=University of Wisconsin }}</ref> Layers of [[sedimentary rock]] which are tilted almost vertically are covered by newer horizontal layers of red [[sandstone]].<ref name="Unconformity Jedburgh">{{cite web |url= http://www.jedburgh.org.uk/page2/index.html |title= Visitor Attractions. Hutton's Unconformity |accessdate= 2012-06-29 |work= Jedburgh online |quote= Whilst visiting Allar's Mill on the Jed Water, Hutton was delighted to see horizontal bands of red sandstone lying 'unconformably' on top of near vertical and folded bands of rock. |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120202070634/http://www.jedburgh.org.uk/page2/index.html |archivedate= 2012-02-02 |df= }}</ref> This was one of the findings that led him to develop his concept of an immensely long [[geologic time scale]] with "no vestige of a beginning, no prospect of an end."<ref name="VestigeProspectAMNH">{{cite web|url=http://www.amnh.org/education/resources/rfl/web/essaybooks/earth/p_hutton.html |title=James Hutton: The Founder of Modern Geology |author=[[American Museum of Natural History]] |work=Earth: Inside and Out |year=2000 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225940/http://www.amnh.org/education/resources/rfl/web/essaybooks/earth/p_hutton.html |archivedate=2016-03-03 |df= }}</ref> The Scots name for the town is part of the expression "Jeddart justice" or "Jethart Justice", in which a man was hanged first, and tried afterwards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.turnbullclan.com/features/150-events/275-the-reivers|title=The Reivers|last=Trimble|first=Kim|website=www.turnbullclan.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-03-28|archive-date=2018-03-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180328232846/http://www.turnbullclan.com/features/150-events/275-the-reivers|url-status=dead}}</ref> Several notable people were born in the town, including [[Mary Somerville]] (1780–1872), the eminent scientist and writer, after whom [[Somerville College, Oxford]] is named. Ithers include [[Conservative Pairty|Conservative]] [[Member o Pairlament|MP]] [[Michael Ancram]] in 1945. [[James Thomson (poet, born 1700)|James Thomson]] (1700&ndash;1748) who wrote "[[Rule Britannia]]", was born in Ednam, a village only twelve miles away, but he was educated in Jedburgh. [[David Brewster]], physicist, mathematician, scientist, writer and inventor of the [[kaleidoscope]], was born in Jedburgh in 1781. The popular preacher Rev. [[Robert Aitken (preacher)|Robert Aitken]] (1800 - 1873) was born in Crailing near Jedburgh. [[Bindon Blood|General Sir Bindon Blood]] was born nearby in 1842. [[Alexander Jeffrey|Alexander Jeffrey (F.S.A. Scot.)]] was a solicitor in the town and was also the county historian. He died in Jedburgh in 1874. The author and broadcaster [[Lavinia Derwent]] was born in a farmhouse a few miles outside Jedburgh in 1909. The toun's best kent [[Rugby Union|rugby]] sons are the [[Scrum-hauf (rugby union)|scrum-haufs]], [[Roy Laidlaw]] an [[Gary Armstrong (rugby)|Gary Armstrong]]. Umehile Scotland rugby team caiptain [[Greig Laidlaw]] an aw hails frae Jedburgh. ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Scots coonty touns]] [[Category:Touns in the Mairches]] [[Category:Post touns in the TD postcode aurie]] [[Category:Places o Scotland]] {{Stub/Places o Scotland}} ohlm0wlugqwsxfrz46glj5gbkm486jr 0 73156 901597 896646 2024-12-31T18:03:52Z 31.144.249.97 901597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Dobropillia | native_name = Добропілля | settlement_type = [[Ceety o regional significance (Ukraine)|Ceety]] | total_type = &nbsp; | image_skyline = | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Dobropillia.svg | image_shield = Dobropillya gerb.png | image_map = | subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]] | subdivision_name = {{UKR}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Oblast]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Donetsk Oblast}} | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | coordinates = {{coord|48|28|08|N|37|04|58|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_map = Ukraine#Ukraine Donetsk Oblast | pushpin_map1 = | pushpin_label_position = bottom | elevation_m = 138 | population_total = 40,000 | area_total_km2 = 11.89 | established_date = 1840s | established_title = Foondit | website = }} '''Dobropillia''' ({{Lang-uk|Добропілля}}, {{Lang-ru|Доброполье}}) is a ceety, the admeenistrative centre o the [[Dobropillia Raion]], in [[Donetsk Oblast]] ([[oblast|province]]) o [[Ukraine]]. Population is 26,700 ([https://suspilne.media/amp/donbas/838525-rozbivaut-hati-priloti-budemo-viizdzati-evakuacia-ludej-z-dobropilla-ta-gromadi-dumki-mistan/ 2024]). Distance tae [[Donetsk]] - 94 km. {{Dobropillia municipality}} {{Donetsk Oblast}} [[Category:Ceeties in Donetsk Oblast]] 5qxpptzz9co1u7hj6u1f3zgx9h2eu39 0 126728 901621 870464 2025-01-01T01:46:25Z RabbieBurnsGhost 114955 chynged kingdom to kinrick 901621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox former country |conventional_long_name = Kinrick o Proushie |native_name = ''Königreich Preußen'' |common_name = Proushie |continent = Europe |region = Central Europe |country = Germany, Poland, Roushie, Lithuanie, Denmark, Belgium an the Czech Republic war formally pairts o Proushie. |status = [[States o the German Confederation|State]] o the [[German Confederation]]<br /><small>(partly, 1815–1866)</small><br />[[States o the North German Confederation|State]] o the [[North German Confederation]]<br /><small>(1867–1871)</small><br />[[States o the German Empire|Federal State]] o the [[German Empire]]<br /><small>(1871–1918)</small> |year_start = 1701 |year_end = 1918 |image_flag = Flag of Prussia (1892-1918).svg{{!}}border |flag_type = Banner |image_coat = Wappen Deutsches Reich - Königreich Preussen (Grosses).png |symbol = Coat o airms o Proushie |symbol_type = Ryal coat o airms |national_motto = |national_anthem = {{unbulleted list |''{{lang|de|[[Preußenlied]]}}'' |{{small|''Sang o Proushie''}} |<hr/> |'''Ryal anthem''' |"{{lang|de|[[Heil dir im Siegerkranz]]}}" |<center>{{small|"Hail tae thee in the Veector's Croun"}}</center> }} |image_map = Prussia in the German Reich (1871).svg |image_map_caption = The Kinrick o Proushie (dark reid) at its greatest extent, efter the de facto incorporation o [[Saxe-Lauenburg]] in 1866. |capital = [[Berlin]] |common_languages = '''Official:'''<br/>German {{hidden |style=font-size:100%;padding:0.25em 0 0; |headerstyle=text-align:left;font-weight:normal; |header = '''Recognised:''' |content = {{raise|0.25em |{{unbulleted list|[[Law German leid|Law German]] |[[Pols leid|Pols]] |[[Dens leid|Dens]]|[[Frisian leids|Frisian]] |[[Lawer Sorbian leid|Lawer Sorbian]] |[[Kashubian leid|Kashubian]]}} }} }} |religion = '''Majority:'''<br/>[[Protestant]] ([[Lutheran]] an [[Reformed]])<br/>{{hidden|'''Minorities:'''|[[Roman Catholic]], [[Jewish]]|style=font-size:100%;padding:0.25em 0 0; |headerstyle=text-align:left;font-weight:normal;}} |government_type = {{unbulleted list |[[Monarchy]] |{{longitem|style=font-size:98%;white-space:nowrap;|([[Absolute monarchy|Absolute]] before 1848;<br/>&nbsp;[[Constitutional monarchy|Constitutional]] frae 1848)}} }} |title_leader = [[Leet o monarchs o Proushie#Kinrick o Proushie (1701–1918)|Keeng]] |leader1 = [[Frederick I o Proushie|Frederick I]] |year_leader1 = 1701–1713 {{small|(first)}} |leader2 = [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Wilhelm II]] |year_leader2 = 1888–1918 {{small|(last)}} |title_deputy = {{nowrap|[[Meenister-Preses o Proushie|Meenister-Preses]]{{ref|a|a}}}} |deputy1 = [[Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg|Adolf Heinrich]] |year_deputy1 = 1848 {{small|(first)}} |deputy2 = [[Prince Maximilian o Baden|Maximilian William]] |year_deputy2 = 1918 {{small|(last)}} |legislature = ''[[Landtag o Proushie|Landtag]]'' |house1 = ''[[Hoose o Lairds o Proushie|Herrenhaus]]'' |house2 = ''[[Abgeordnetenhaus (Proushie)|Abgeordnetenhaus]]'' |era = {{unbulleted list |[[New Imperialism]] |[[Warld War I]]}} |event_start = {{nowrap|[[Coronations in Europe#Proushie|Coronation]] o}} [[Frederick I o Proushie|Frederick I]] |date_start = 18 Januar |event1 = [[Battle o Jena-Auerstedt|{{nowrap|Battle o}} Jena-Auerstedt]] |date_event1 = 14 October 1806 |event2 = [[Congress o Vienna]] |date_event2 = 9 Juin 1815 |event3 = {{nowrap|[[Constitution o Proushie (1848)|Constitution adoptit]]}} |date_event3 = 5 December 1848 |event4 = [[Unification o Germany|Germany unified]] |date_event4 = 18 Januar 1871 |event_end = {{nowrap|[[William II, German Emperor|William II]] [[Abdication|abdicates]]{{ref|b|b}}}} |date_end = 28 November |event_post = [[Treaty o Versailles]] |date_post = 28 Juin 1919 |stat_year1 = 1816<ref name="schutz">{{cite web |title=Königreich Preußen (1701–1918) |url=http://www.deutsche-schutzgebiete.de/koenigreich_preussen.htm |language=German |accessdate=2007-05-02}}</ref> |stat_pop1= 10349031 |stat_year2 = 1871<ref name="schutz"/> |stat_pop2 = 24689000 |stat_year3 = 1910<ref>{{cite web |title=German Empire: administrative subdivision and municipalities, 1900 to 1910 |url=http://www.gemeindeverzeichnis.de/gem1900/gem1900.htm?gem1900_2.htm |language=German |accessdate=2007-05-02}}</ref> |stat_pop3 = 34472509 |stat_area3 = 348779 |currency = {{unbulleted list|style=white-space:nowrap; |{{small|1701–1750}} [[Reichsthaler]] |{{small|1750–1857}} [[Prussian thaler|Thaler]] |{{small|1857–1873}} [[Prussian vereinsthaler|Vereinsthaler]] |{{small|1873–1914}} [[German Goldmark|Goldmark]] |{{small|1914–1918}} [[German Papiermark|Papiermark]]}} |p1 = Holy Roman Empire |flag_p1 = Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg |p2 = Brandenburg-Proushie |flag_p2 = Flag of Brandenburg (1660–1750).svg |p3 = Ryal Proushie |flag_p3 = Flag of Prussia (1466-1772) Lob.svg |p4 = Free Ceety o Danzig (Napoleonic){{!}}{{nowrap|Free Ceety o Danzig}} |flag_p4 = Gdansk flag.svg |p5 = Swadish Pomeranie |flag_p5 = Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg |border_p5 = no |p6 = Electorate o Hesse |flag_p6 = Flag of Hesse.svg |p7 = Free Ceety o Frankfurt |flag_p7 = Flag_of_the_Free_City_of_Frankfurt.svg |p8 = Duchy o Nassau |flag_p8 = Flagge Herzogtum Nassau (1806-1866).svg |p9 = Kinrick o Hanover |flag_p9 = Flag of Hanover 1837-1866.svg |p10 = Duchy o Holstein |flag_p10 = Flag of Denmark.svg |p11 = Duchy o Schleswig |flag_p11 = Flag of Denmark.svg |p12 = Saxe-Lauenburg |flag_p12 = Flag of Lauenburg.svg |s1 = Free State o Proushie |flag_s1 = Flag of Prussia (1918–1933).svg |today = {{unbulleted list|{{BEL}}|{{CZE}} |{{DEN}}|{{GER}}|{{LIT}}|{{POL}}|{{RUS}}}} |footnotes = {{unbulleted list|{{longitem|{{note|a|a}} During the [[North German Confederation]] an [[German Empire]] (1867–1918), the Meenister-Preses o Proushie wis an aa the [[Chancellor o Germany]].}} |{{note|b|b}} [[s:Statement of Abdication|Statement o Abdication o William II]]}} }} The '''Kinrick o Proushie''' ({{lang-de|Königreich Preußen}}) wis a [[Monarchy|kinrick]] that constitutit the state o [[Proushie]] atween 1701 an 1918 an includit pairts o present-day Germany, Poland, Roushie, Lithuanie, Denmark, Belgium an the Czech Republic.<ref name=Marriott>Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire,. Rev. ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1946.</ref> ==References== {{reflist}}{{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Prussia, Kinrick o}} [[Category:States an territories disestablished in 1918]] [[Category:Kinrick o Proushie| ]] [[Category:States o the German Confederation]] [[Category:States o the North German Confederation]] [[Category:States o the German Empire]] [[Category:Umwhile kinricks]] [[Category:1701 establishments]] nz506hv4c1dosbnnutok5l4thk69ele 0 135675 901611 887384 2024-12-31T22:43:26Z CiphriusKane 74958 901611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots}} {{Infobox person |name = Elon Musk |image = Elon Musk 2015.jpg |caption = Musk at the 2015 Tesla Motors Annual Sharehaulder Meetin | size = |birth_name=Elon Reeve Musk |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1971|6|28}} |birth_place = [[Pretoria]], [[Transvaal Province|Transvaal]], Sooth Africae |nationality = South African, Canadian, American |residence = [[Bel Air, Los Angeles|Bel Air]], Los Angeles, Californie, Unitit States<ref name=forbesbuyshome.com>{{cite news|title=Billionaire Tesla CEO Elon Musk Buys Neighbor's Home in Bel Air For $6.75 Million|work=[[Forbes]]|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/trulia/2013/11/01/billionaire-tesla-ceo-elon-musk-buys-home/|accessdate=November 1, 2013}}</ref><ref name=bloombergbuyshome>{{cite news|title=Inside Elon Musk's $17M Bel Air Mansion|work=[[Bloomberg News]]|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/news/videos/b/6e27fcba-309d-494e-b87d-c73fb8bb1750|accessdate=August 21, 2013}}</ref> |known_for = [[SpaceX]], [[PayPal]], [[Tesla Motors]], [[Hyperloop]], [[SolarCity]], [[OpenAI]] |education = [[Waterkloof House Preparatory School]]<br/> [[Pretoria Boys Heich Schuil]] |alma mater = [[Queen's Varsity]]<br/>[[Varsity o Pennsylvanie]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_25541448/timeline-elon-musk-accomplishments|title=Timeline: Elon Musk's accomplishments|last=Hull|first=Dana|date=April 11, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2015|via=[[Mercury News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csq.com/2013/01/elon-musk-patriarchs-and-prodigies/#|title=Elon Musk: Patriarchs and Prodigies|year=2013|accessdate=June 11, 2015|website=CSQ|publisher=C-Suite Quarterly|last=Zanerhaft|first=Jaron}}http://www.csq.com/2013/01/elon-musk-patriarchs-and-prodigies/</ref> |occupation = Entrepreneur, ingineer, inventor, investor |title = CEO an [[Chief technology officer|CTO]] o [[SpaceX]]<br/> CEO an Product airchitect o [[Tesla Motors]]<br/> Chairman o [[SolarCity]]<br/> Co-chairman o [[OpenAI]] |salary = '''Tesla Motors'''<ref name=bloomberg140424>{{Cite news|url = http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-04-24/musk-s-tesla-income-plummets-99-9-to-less-than-70-000|title=Tesla Pays CEO Musk $70,000 Following $78 Million Year|date=April 25, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2015|website=Bloomberg Business|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]|last=Ohnsman|first=Alan}}</ref><br/>$78.2 million (2012)<br/>$69,989 (2013)<br/> [[Ane-dollar salary|$1]] (2014) |networth = US$12.2&nbsp;billion (December 2015)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profile/elon-r-musk|title=Profile: Elon Musk|accessdate=December 11, 2015|website = Bloomberg Billionaires|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]}}</ref> |spouse = {{Plainlist| * {{Marriage|[[Justine Musk]]|2000|2008|reason=divorced}} * {{Marriage|[[Talulah Riley]]|2010|2012|reason=divorced}} * {{Marriage|Talulah Riley|2013|}}{{citation needit}} }} |children = 6 sons (1 deceased)<ref name=Starter>{{cite journal|last=Musk|first=Justine|date=September 10, 2010|title='I Was a Starter Wife': Inside America's Messiest Divorce|magazine=[[Marie Claire]]|url=http://www.marieclaire.com/sex-love/relationship-issues/millionaire-starter-wife|accessdate=November 28, 2012}}</ref> |signature = Elon Musk Signature.svg |signature_alt = Elon Musk |website = {{official website}} |parents = Maye Musk <small>(mither)</small><br/>Errol Musk <small>(faither)</small> |relatives = [[Tosca Musk]] <small>(sister)</small><br/>[[Kimbal Musk]] <small>(brither)</small> }} '''Elon Reeve Musk''' ({{IPA-en|ˈiːlɒn ɹiːv ˈmʌsk}}; born 28 Juin 1971) is a Sooth African-born Canadian-American [[business magnet|magnet]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/11220326/Elon-Musk-to-launch-fleet-of-internet-satellites.html|title=Elon Musk 'to launch fleet of internet satellites'|date=November 10, 2014|accessdate=June 23, 2015|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|last=Curtis|first=Sophie|quote="Elon Musk, inventor and business magnate"|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/printer/articles/71590-elon-musk-the-21st-century-industrialist|title=Elon Musk, the 21st Century Industrialist|date=September 13, 2012|accessdate=June 23, 2015|website=Bloomberg BusinessWeek|last=Vance|first=Ashlee}}</ref> ingineer,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.asme.org/career-education/early-career-engineers/me-today/engineer-in-focus-elon-musk|title=Early Career Engineers, Conferences and Careers|publisher=asme.org|accessdate=2015-11-04}}</ref> inventor<ref>{{cite web|url=http://inventors.about.com/od/mstartinventions/p/Elon-Musk.htm|title=Biography of Elon Musk|accessdate=June 10, 2015|website=inventors.about.com|publisher=About.com|last=Bellis|first=Mary}}{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> an investor.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/video/3391084854001|title=The Top 10 Venture Capitalists on 2014's Midas List|accessdate=June 10, 2015|work=Forbes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2014/03/21/zuckerberg-musk-invest-in-artificial-intelligence-company-vicarious|title=Zuckerberg, Musk Invest in Artificial Intelligence Company|date=March 21, 2014|accessdate=June 10, 2015|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|last=Albergotti|first=Reed}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-mark-zuckerberg-invest-in-vicarious-2014-3?IR=T|title=Elon Musk And Mark Zuckerberg Have Invested $40 Million in a Mysterious Artificial Intelligence Company|date=March 21, 2014|accessdate=June 10, 2015|website=Business Insider|publisher=[[Business Insider]]|last=Love|first=Dylan}}</ref> He is the CEO an CTO o [[SpaceX]], CEO an product airchitect o [[Tesla Motors]], an chairman o [[SolarCity]] as well as co-chairman o [[OpenAI]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Musk, Elon}} [[Category:Elon Musk| ]] [[Category:1971 births]] [[Category:20t-century American businessfowk]] [[Category:21st-century American businessfowk]] [[Category:Alumni o Pretoria Boys Heich Schuil]] [[Category:American aerospace businessfowk]] [[Category:American aerospace designers]] [[Category:American aerospace ingineers]] [[Category:American billionaires]] [[Category:American chairmen o corporations]] [[Category:American computer businessfowk]] [[Category:American computer programmers]] [[Category:American foonders o automobile manufacturers]] [[Category:American inventors]] [[Category:American investors]] [[Category:American libertarians]] [[Category:American nonprofit executives]] [[Category:American fowk o Breetish strynd]] [[Category:American fowk o Canadian strynd]] [[Category:American filanthropists]] [[Category:American saftware ingineers]] [[Category:American technology chief executives]] [[Category:American technology company foonders]] [[Category:Automotive pioneers]] [[Category:Businessfowk frae Los Angeles, Californie]] [[Category:Businessfowk in information technology]] [[Category:Californie Institute o Technology trustees]] [[Category:Chief technology officers]] [[Category:Ingineers frae Californie]] [[Category:Foonders o companies o the Unitit States]] [[Category:Givin Pledgers]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:PayPal fowk]] [[Category:Pennsylvanie Dutch fowk]] [[Category:Fowk associatit wi solar pouer]] [[Category:Fowk frae Pretoria]] [[Category:Fowk wi acquired Canadian ceetizenship]] [[Category:Pioneers o rail transport]] [[Category:Royal Aeronautical Society Gowd Medal winners]] [[Category:Sooth African emigrants tae the Unitit States]] [[Category:Sooth African fowk o Canadian strynd]] [[Category:Sooth African fowk o Breetish strynd]] [[Category:Sooth African fowk o German strynd]] [[Category:Space advocates]] [[Category:SpaceX fowk]] [[Category:Stanford Varsity fowk]] [[Category:Sustainable transport pioneers]] [[Category:Tesla Motors fowk]] [[Category:Wharton School o the Varsity o Pennsylvanie alumni]] [[Category:White Sooth African fowk]] karjowtn4nml6dqbgzrv7f1hst3erc4 0 136006 901604 869360 2024-12-31T22:15:31Z CiphriusKane 74958 Remuiv bad soorces 901604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Katie Chapman | fullname = Katie Sarah Chapman<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/index.htmx?pn=katie+chapman&cp=c|title=Player Statistics|publisher=FIFA|accessdate=13 October 2010|archive-date=2015-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522140805/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/index.htmx?pn=katie+chapman&cp=c|url-status=dead}}</ref> | image = Katie Chapman.jpg | image_size = 200px | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1982|6|15}} | birth_place = [[Bermondsey]], [[Lunnon]], [[Ingland]] | height = 171cm<ref name="fifa">{{cite web|title=List of Players - England|url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|publisher=[[FIFA]]|accessdate=1 August 2015|page=10|format=PDF|date=6 July 2015|archive-date=2016-04-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | position = [[Midfielder]] | currentclub = [[Chelsea L.F.C.|Chelsea Ladies]] | clubnumber = 17 | youthyears1 = 1992–1996 | youthclubs1 = [[Millwall Lionesses L.F.C.|Millwall Lionesses]] | caps1 = | goals1 = | years1 = 1996–2000 | clubs1 = [[Millwall Lionesses L.F.C.|Millwall Lionesses]] | years2 = 2000–2004 |clubs2 = [[Fulham L.F.C.|Fulham Ladies]] |caps2 = |goals2 = | years3 = 2004–2006 |clubs3 = [[Charlton Athletic L.F.C.|Charlton Athletic]] |caps3 = |goals3 = | years4 = 2006–2010 |clubs4 = [[Arsenal L.F.C.|Arsenal Ladies]] |caps4 = 58 |goals4 = 30 | years5 = 2010 |clubs5 = [[Chicago Red Stars]] |caps5 = 21 |goals5 = 0 | years6 = 2010–2013 |clubs6 = [[Arsenal L.F.C.|Arsenal Ladies]] |caps6 = 37 |goals6 = 5 | years7 = 2014– |clubs7 = [[Chelsea L.F.C.|Chelsea Ladies]] |caps7 = 13 |goals7 = 1 | nationalyears1 = 2000– | nationalteam1 = [[Ingland weemen's naitional fitbaw team|Ingland]] | nationalcaps1 = 91 | nationalgoals1 = 8 | pcupdate = 12:45, 19 January 2013 (UTC) | ntupdate = 10:40, 1 August 2015 (UTC) }} '''Katie Sarah Chapman''' (born 15&nbsp;Juin&nbsp;1982) is a Inglis [[Weemen's association fitbaw|fitbawer]] who plays for Inglis [[FA WSL]] club [[Chelsea L.F.C.|Chelsea Ladies]] an is a member o the [[Ingland weemen's naitional fitbaw team|Ingland weemen's naitional team]]. She primarily plays as a [[Defensive midfielder|central midfielder]], awtho she haes been deployed in [[Defender (association fitbaw)#Centre back|central defence]] while playin for Ingland an aw. Chapman is kent for her strenth, fierce tacklin an heidin ability.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/2977227.stm|title=Katie Chapman|publisher=BBC Sport|date=25 April 2003 |accessdate=1 April 2011}}</ref> A mither o three, Chapman is describit as "a pheesical player who handles a brunt o the dirty wirk in the middle o the pitch. She can produce on the affensive end in a big gemme an aw."<ref name=chicago/> Her playin ability, profile an influence hae drawn comparisons tae umwhile [[Ingland naitional fitbaw team|Ingland]] caiptain an fellae [[Lunnon]]er [[David Beckham]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://football.guardian.co.uk/pictures/image/0,8556,-10104600971,00.html|title=Katie Chapman|publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]]|accessdate=1 April 2011|location=London}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commonscat}} *{{FIFA player|190222|Katie Chapman}} *[http://www.arsenal.com/ladies/players/katie-chapman Profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423152659/http://www.arsenal.com/ladies/players/katie-chapman |date=2011-04-23 }} at Arsenal.com *[http://www.thefa.com/England/All-Teams/Players/C/Katie-Chapman Katie Chapman] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303114538/http://www.thefa.com/England/All-Teams/Players/C/Katie-Chapman |date=2014-03-03 }} at the FA wabsteid *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090911040713/http://www.geocities.com/titch2401/katiechapman.html Unoffeecial wabsteid] {{DEFAULTSORT:Chapman, Katie}} [[Category:1982 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Bermondsey]] [[Category:Inglis weemen's fitbawers]] [[Category:Ingland weemen's internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Arsenal L.F.C. players]] [[Category:Chelsea L.F.C. players]] [[Category:Millwall Lionesses L.F.C. players]] [[Category:Fulham L.F.C. players]] [[Category:Charlton Athletic L.F.C. players]] [[Category:FA Women's Premier League players]] [[Category:Chicago Red Stars (WPS) players]] [[Category:Expatriate weemen's association fitbawers in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Inglis expatriates in the Unitit States]] [[Category:FA WSL players]] [[Category:Inglis expatriate fitbawers]] [[Category:2007 FIFA Weemen's Warld Cup players]] [[Category:2015 FIFA Weemen's Warld Cup players]] [[Category:Association fitbaw midfielders]] kwyiek4wzqrjn2thxngcwatn8p8kl2d 0 152060 901607 879421 2024-12-31T22:20:35Z CiphriusKane 74958 901607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Frank Lampard {{post-nominals|country=GBR|OBE}} | image = Frank Lampard 2017.jpg | image_size = 250 | caption = Lampard in 2017 | fullname = Frank James Lampard<ref name="PFA 358">{{cite book| last = Hugman| first = Barry J.| title = The PFA Premier & Football League Players' Records 1946–2005| publisher = Queen Anne Press| year = 2005| page = 358| isbn = 1-85291-665-6 }}</ref> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1978|6|20|df=y}}<ref name="PFA 358"/> | birth_place = [[Romford]], [[Lunnon]], Ingland | height = {{height|m=1.83}}<ref name="Chelsea FC Players Profile">{{cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/page/PlayerProfileDetail/0,,10268~6076,00.html|title=Frank Lampard Profile|publisher=Chelsea FC|date=8 December 2009|accessdate=8 December 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706070552/http://www.chelseafc.com/page/PlayerProfileDetail/0,,10268~6076,00.html|archivedate=2008-07-06|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://origin-www.premierleague.com/page/PlayerProfile/0,,12306~6076,00.html|title=Premier League Player Profile|accessdate=5 May 2014|publisher=Premier League|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217010342/http://origin-www.premierleague.com/page/PlayerProfile/0,,12306~6076,00.html|archivedate=2014-12-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> | position = [[Midfielder]] | currentclub = [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] (head coach) | youthyears1 = 1994–1995 | youthclubs1 = [[West Ham United F.C.|West Ham United]] | years1 = 1995–2001 | clubs1 = [[West Ham United F.C.|West Ham United]] | caps1 = 148 | goals1 = 24 | years2 = 1995–1996 | clubs2 = → [[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea City]] (loan) | caps2 = 9 | goals2 = 1 | years3 = 2001–2014 | clubs3 = [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] | caps3 = 429 | goals3 = 147 | years4 = 2014–2015 | clubs4 = [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] | caps4 = 32 | goals4 = 6 | years5 = 2015–2016 | clubs5 = [[New York City FC|New York City]] | caps5 = 29 | goals5 = 15 | totalcaps = 647 | totalgoals = 193 | nationalyears1 = 1997–2000 | nationalteam1 = [[Ingland naitional unner-21 fitbaw team|Ingland U21]] | nationalcaps1 = 19 | nationalgoals1 = 9 | nationalyears2 = 1998 | nationalteam2 = [[Ingland naitional fitbaw B team|Ingland B]] | nationalcaps2 = 1 | nationalgoals2 = 0 | nationalyears3 = 1999–2014 | nationalteam3 = [[Ingland naitional fitbaw team|Ingland]] | nationalcaps3 = 106 | nationalgoals3 = 29 | manageryears1 = 2018–2019 | managerclubs1 = [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] | manageryears2 = 2019–2021 | managerclubs2 = [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] | manageryears3 = 2022- | managerclubs3 = [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] }} '''Frank James Lampard''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|OBE}} (born 20 Juin 1978) is an Inglis fitbaw manager umwhile professional [[Association fitbaw|fitbawer]] that is the heid coach o {{English football updater|Chelsea}} club [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]]. He played as a [[midfielder]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/2237691/frank-lampard-finally-signs-mls-contract-to-play-with-nycfc |title=Frank Lampard finally signs MLS contract to play with NYCFC |publisher=ESPN FC |date=10 January 2015 |accessdate=11 January 2015}}</ref> He is the aw-time leadin goalscorer for [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], whaur he played for 13 year,<ref name="record">{{cite news|url=http://m.bbc.com/sport/football/30647043|title=Man City extend Lampard contract|first=David|last=Ornstein|work=BBC Sport|location=London|accessdate=31 December 2014|archive-date=2015-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102163732/http://m.bbc.com/sport/football/30647043|url-status=dead}}</ref> an is conseedert bi a nummer o jurnalists an fitbaw experts tae be ane o the greatest midfielders o his generation,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/579327-world-football-the-top-ten-midfielders-of-the-past-decade|title=World Football: The Top 10 Midfielders of the Past Decade|author=Aditya M S|work=Bleacher Report|accessdate=13 September 2014}}</ref> in addeetion tae bein widely regairdit as Chelsea's greatest ever player bi some Chelsea players, such as previous record goal-scorer [[Bobby Tambling]] an lang-term teammate [[John Terry]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/chelsea/9958063/Bobby-Tambling-Frank-Lampard-is-Chelseas-greatest-ever-player-and-I-hope-he-breaks-my-record.html|title=Bobby Tambling: Frank Lampard is Chelsea's greatest ever player and I hope he breaks my record|date=28 March 2013|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|accessdate=13 September 2014}}</ref> In 2018 he wis appyntit [[Derby County F.C.]] manager, later managin his auld club, Chelsea. In Januar 2022, he wis appyntit as manager o relegation-threatened [[Everton F.C.]], wi whase he achieved Premier League survival in Mey. ==References== {{reflist}} {{Navboxes colour | title = Awairds | bg = gold | fg = navy | list1 = {{2003–04 FA Premier League PFA Team of the Year}} {{2004–05 FA Premier League PFA Team of the Year}} {{2005–06 FA Premier League PFA Team of the Year}} {{UEFA Euro 2004 Team of the Tournament}} {{PFA Fans' Player of the Year}} {{FWA Footballer of the Year}} {{UEFA Club Football Awards}} {{Chelsea F.C. Player of the Year}} {{England Player of the Year}} }} {{Navboxes colour | title = Ingland squads | bg = white | fg = #CE1124 | bordercolor = #0B0B3F | list1 = {{England squad UEFA Euro 2004}} {{England squad 2006 FIFA World Cup}} {{England squad 2010 FIFA World Cup}} {{England squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} }} {{Navboxes | title = Managerial poseetions | list1 = {{Derby County F.C. managers}} {{Chelsea F.C. managers}} }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lampard, Frank}} [[Category:1978 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Association fitbaw midfielders]] [[Category:Chelsea F.C. players]] [[Category:2006 FIFA Warld Cup players]] [[Category:2010 FIFA Warld Cup players]] [[Category:2014 FIFA Warld Cup players]] [[Category:Ingland B internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Ingland internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Ingland unner-21 internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Ingland youth internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Inglis expatriates in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Inglis fitbawers]] [[Category:FIFA Century Club]] [[Category:Manchester City F.C. players]] [[Category:Fowk eddicatit at Brentwood School (Essex)]] [[Category:Fowk frae Romford]] [[Category:Premier League players]] [[Category:Swansea City A.F.C. players]] [[Category:English Football League players]] [[Category:UEFA Euro 2004 players]] [[Category:West Ham United F.C. players]] [[Category:Conservative Pairty (UK) fowk]] [[Category:Members o the Order o the Breetish Empire]] [[Category:New York City FC players]] [[Category:Inglis expatriate fitbawers]] [[Category:Expatriate fitbawers in the Unitit States]] [[Category:Designatit Players (MLS)]] [[Category:Major League Soccer All-Stars]] [[Category:Major League Soccer players]] [[Category:Derby County F.C. managers]] [[Category:Chelsea F.C. managers]] [[Category:Everton F.C. managers]] [[Category:English Football League managers]] [[Category:Premier League managers]] [[Category:Inglis fitbaw managers]] k0tc31iznkqfgyumzzb8btsqi75stja 0 154477 901605 746485 2024-12-31T22:17:07Z CiphriusKane 74958 Makin a reairtin til faither's page as a ATD 901605 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Robin Williams]] feoar58ogxbxoish0fq9cqoic5bkjcl 0 154869 901606 887138 2024-12-31T22:18:19Z CiphriusKane 74958 Remuiv bad soorces 901606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox swimmer | name = Rebecca Adlington<br /><small>[[Order o the Breetish Empire|OBE]]</small> | image = Becky Adlington2012 Olympic Parade.jpg | image_size = 175 | alt = | caption = Adlington in [[Our Greatest Team Parade]] | fullname = Rebecca Adlington | nicknames = "Becky" | national_team = {{GBR2}} | strokes = [[Freestyle soummin|Freestyle]] | club = Nova Centurion | coach = Bill Furniss | retired = 2015 | collegeteam = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1989|2|17|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Mansfield|Mansfield, Ingland]] | death_date = | death_place = | height = {{convert|1.79|m|ftin|abbr=on}}<ref name="London2012">{{cite web |url=http://www.london2012.com/athlete/adlington-rebecca-1062467 |title=Rebecca Adlington's profile at the Olympic Games 2012 official site |publisher=London2012.com |accessdate=22 April 2014 |archive-date=2013-01-28 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130128153010/www.london2012.com/athlete/adlington-rebecca-1062467 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | weight = {{convert|70|kg|lb st|abbr=on}}<ref name="London2012" /> | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport | Weemen's soummin}} {{MedalCountry |{{GBR2}}}} {{MedalCount |[[Simmer Olympics|Olympic Gemmes]]|2|0|2 |[[:en:World Aquatics Championships|World Championships (LC)]]|1|1|2 |[[:en:FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)|Warld Championships (SC)]]|1|1|0 |[[:en:LEN European Aquatics Championships|European Championships (LC)]]|1|1|1 |[[Commonweal Gemmes]]|2|0|2 |'''Total'''|'''7'''|'''3'''|'''7''' }} {{MedalCompetition|[[Soummin at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Gemmes]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2008 Simmer Olympics|2008 Beijing]]|[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 400 metre freestyle|400 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold|2008 Beijing|[[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 800 metre freestyle|800 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze|[[2012 Simmer Olympics|2012 Lunnon]]|[[Soummin at the 2012 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 400 metre freestyle|400 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze|2012 London|[[Soummin at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Weemen's 800 metre freestyle|800 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[:en:FINA World Aquatics Championships|World Championships (LC)]]}} {{MedalGold|[[:en:Swimming at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships|2011 Shanghai]]|[[Swimming at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 800 metre freestyle|800 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalSilver|2011 Shanghai|[[:en:Swimming at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 400 metre freestyle|400 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze|[[:en:Swimming at the 2009 World Aquatics Championships|2009 Roum]]|[[Swimming at the 2009 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 400 metre freestyle|400 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze|2009 Rome|[[:en:Swimming at the 2009 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay|4×200 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[:en:FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)|World Championships (SC)]]}} {{MedalGold|[[:en:2008 FINA Short Course World Championships|2008 Manchester]]|800 m freestyle}} {{MedalSilver|2008 Manchester|4×200 m freestyle}} {{MedalCompetition|[[:en:LEN European Aquatics Championships|European Championships (LC)]]}} {{MedalGold|[[:en:2010 European Aquatics Championships|2010 Budapest]] |400 m freestyle}} {{MedalSilver|[[:en:2006 European Aquatics Championships|2006 Budapest]]|800 m freestyle}} {{MedalBronze|2010 Budapest| 4×200 m freestyle}} {{MedalCountry|{{ENG}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[:en:Swimming at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]]}} {{MedalGold|[[:en:2010 Commonwealth Games|2010 Delhi]]|[:en:[Swimming at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's 400 metre freestyle|400 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalGold|2010 Delhi|[[:en:Swimming at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's 800 metre freestyle|800 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze|2010 Delhi|[[:en:Swimming at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's 200 metre freestyle|200 m freestyle]]}} {{MedalBronze|2010 Delhi|[[:en:Swimming at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay|4×200 m freestyle]]}} }} '''Rebecca Adlington''', [[Order o the Breetish Empire|OBE]] (born 17 Februar 1989) is a Inglis umwhile competitive [[soummin (sport)|soummer]] who specialisit in [[freestyle soummin|freestyle]] events in internaitional competeetion. She wan twa gowd medals at the [[2008 Olympic Gemmes]] in the [[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 400 metre freestyle|400-metre freestyle]] an [[Soummin at the 2008 Simmer Olympics – Weemen's 800 metre freestyle|800-metre freestyle]], breakin the 19-year-auld warld record o [[Janet Evans]] in the 800-metre feenal. Adlington wis Breetain's first Olympic soummin champion syne 1988, an the first Breetish soummer tae win twa Olympic gowd medals syne 1908.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/swimming/7579833.stm |title=Video review&nbsp;– Adlington is GB's golden girl |publisher=BBC Sport |date=24 August 2008|accessdate=5 September 2008}}</ref> She wan bronze medals in baith the weemen's 400-metre an 800-metre freestyle events in the [[2012 Simmer Olympics]] in Lunnon. Adlington retirt frae aw competitive soummin on 5 Februar 2013, at the age o 23,<ref>{{cite web|title=Rebecca Adlington: Time right to retire from swimming|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/swimming/21334824|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=5 February 2013}}</ref> an haed a baby cried Summer wi her husband, umwhile soummer Harry Needs,<ref>[http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/showbiz-news/rebecca-adlington-takes-baby-summer-9772947 Rebecca Adlington takes baby Summer swimming] ''Manchester Evening News'', 1 August 2015, Retrieved 24 September 2015</ref> Adlington annooncit her separation frae Needs in Mairch 2016.<ref>[http://www.itv.com/news/calendar/2016-03-15/rebecca-adlington-announces-split-from-husband-of-18-months/ Rebecca Adlington announces split from husband of 18 months] ''[[ITV News]]'', 15 March 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2016</ref> ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Freemit airtins== {{Commons category|Rebecca Adlington}} * [http://www.rebeccaadlington.co.uk Offeecial Rebecca Adlington Wabsteid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123001649/http://www.rebeccaadlington.co.uk/ |date=2022-01-23 }} * [http://www.olympics.org.uk/beijing2008/AthleteProfile.aspx?id=6649# British Olympic Association athlete profile] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203004835/http://www.olympics.org.uk/beijing2008/AthleteProfile.aspx?id=6649 |date=2010-12-03 }} * [http://www.swimming.org/britishswimming/swimming/womens-profiles/rebecca-adlington/ British Swimming athlete profile] * [http://195.184.236.5/historic/historic2.php?tiref=7880 British Swimming results an rankins database entry]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Adlington, Rebecca}} [[Category:1989 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Commonweel Gemmes bronze medallists for Ingland]] [[Category:Commonweel Gmmes gowd medallists for Ingland]] [[Category:Inglis Olympic medallists]] [[Category:Inglis female soummers]] [[Category:European Aquatics Championships medallists in soummin]] [[Category:Female freestyle soummers]] [[Category:Umwhile warld record hauders in soummin]] [[Category:Laureus Warld Sports Awairds winners]] [[Category:Medallists at the FINA Warld Soummin Championships (25 m)]] [[Category:Medallists at the 2012 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Medallists at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Officers o the Order o the Breetish Empire]] [[Category:Olympic bronze medallists for Great Breetain]] [[Category:Olympic gowd medallists for Great Breetain]] [[Category:Olympic bronze medallists in soummin]] [[Category:Olympic soummers o Great Breetain]] [[Category:Fowk frae Mansfield]] [[Category:Soummers at the 2008 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Soummers at the 2010 Commonweel Gemmes]] [[Category:Soummers at the 2012 Simmer Olympics]] [[Category:Warld Aquatics Championships medallists in soummin]] [[Category:Olympic gowd medallists in soummin]] 96fpj93mtd7fik12uhzpmp0wbtyuaeh 0 155243 901600 829467 2024-12-31T22:07:50Z 2001:8F8:183D:5409:B530:8072:F281:CBCD .. 901600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Korean name|Ri}} {{Infobox person | name = Ri Chun-hee | image = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] --> | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | native_name = 리춘히 | native_name_lang = ko | pronunciation = Lee Chun Hee | birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name above --> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1943|7|8|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Tongchon]], [[Gangwon (historical province)|Gangwon]], [[Korea unner Japanese rule|Japanese Korea]] | death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --> | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | burial_place = <!-- may be used instead of resting_place and resting_place_coordinates (displays "Burial place" as label) --> | burial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | monuments = | residence = [[Pyongyang]], North Korea | nationality = | ethnicity = | citizenship = [[North Korea]] | education = | alma_mater = Pyongyang Varsity o Theatre an Film | occupation = | years_active = 1971–2012 | era = | employer = [[Korean Central Television|KCTV]] | organization = | known_for = Umwhile heid reporter for KCTV | notable_works = <!-- produces label "Notable work"; may be overridden by |credits=, which produces label "Notable credit(s)"; or by |works=, which produces label "Works" --> | style = | net_worth = <!-- Net worth should be supported with a citation from a reliable source --> | height = <!-- "X cm", "X m" or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --> | weight = <!-- "X kg", "X lb" or "X st Y lb" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --> | television = | spouse = <!-- Use article title or common name --> | partner = <!-- (unmarried long-term partner) --> | children = | parents = <!-- overrides mother and father parameters --> | mother = <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --> | father = <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --> | relatives = | family = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | module = {{Infobox Korean name | context = north | hangul = 리춘히 | hanja = {{linktext|李|春|姬}} | mr = Ri Ch'unhi | rr = I Chunhi | child = yes }} | module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | module6 = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }} '''Ri Chun-hee''' (an aa [[Romanisation o Korean|romanised]] as '''Ri Chun Hee''' an '''Ri Chun Hui''';<ref name="Makino2011">{{cite web |url=https://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/korean_peninsula/AJ201112160011 |title=North Korea’s ‘People’s broadcaster’ missing |work=Asia & Japan Watch |date=16 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508112452/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/korean_peninsula/AJ201112160011 |archive-date=2013-05-08 |dead-url=no |first=Yoshihiro |last=Makino |publisher=Asahi Shimbun |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> born 8 July 1943) is a retired [[news anchor]]wumman for [[North Korea]]n broadcaster [[Korean Central Television]] ({{abbr|KCTV|Korean Central Television}}). She is most notable for her characteristic emotional and sometimes vitriolic tone, describit as "passionate", "vaguely menacin", an "aggressive".<ref name="Madden2010">{{cite journal |url=http://www.kpajournal.com/storage/KPAJ-1-10.pdf#page=4 |title=Ri Chun Hui |work=KPA Journal |date=2010 |pages=4–5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112085603/http://www.kpajournal.com/storage/KPAJ-1-10.pdf#page=4 |archive-date=2011-01-12 |dead-url=no |first=Michael |last=Madden |editor-first=Joseph S., Jr. |editor-last=Bermudez |volume=1 |issue=10 |format=PDF |journal= |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ri made the offeecial announcements o the daiths o [[Kim Il-sung]] in 1994 an [[Kim Jong-il]] in 2011.<ref name="Harris2011">{{cite web |url=http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/19/with-word-of-leaders-death-come-tears-on-state-tv/ |title=The Lede: On North Korean State Television, News of the Leader’s Death and Floods of Tears |work=The New York Times |date=19 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915222532/http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/19/with-word-of-leaders-death-come-tears-on-state-tv/ |archive-date=2015-09-15 |dead-url=no |first1=Elizabeth A. |last1=Harris |first2=Robert |last2=Mackey |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a news report bi [[CCTV News|{{abbr|CCTV|China Central Television}} News]] on 24 Januar 2012, Ri announced her retirement as chief newsreader at KCTV.<ref>{{YouTube|lGIrtvjrlj0|Report on CCTV English}} annooncin Ri's retirement</ref> She has periodically reappeared on telly in the years syne, teepically tae mak an annooncement regairdin the kintra's militaristic development.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3388595/The-woman-North-Korea-trusts-deliver-important-propaganda-Ri-Chun-hee-news-anchor-Kim-Jong-wheels-wants-impress-world.html|title=The only woman North Korea trusts to deliver its most important propaganda: Ri Chun-hee – the news anchor Kim Jong-un wheels out when he wants to impress the world|publisher=dailymail.co.uk|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref> GYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAT ==References== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ri, Chun-hee}} [[Category:1943 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Tongchon Coonty]] [[Category:Wirkers' Pairty o Korea politeecians]] [[Category:Korean televeesion personalities]] le21b4q1pp9m52xcjxyphrfal1uatka 901601 901600 2024-12-31T22:09:03Z 2001:8F8:183D:5409:B530:8072:F281:CBCD 901601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Korean name|Ri}} {{Infobox person | name = Ri Chun-hee | image = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] --> | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | native_name = 리춘히 | native_name_lang = ko | pronunciation = Lee Chun Hee | birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name above --> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1943|7|8|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Tongchon]], [[Gangwon (historical province)|Gangwon]], [[Korea unner Japanese rule|Japanese Korea]] | death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --> | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | burial_place = <!-- may be used instead of resting_place and resting_place_coordinates (displays "Burial place" as label) --> | burial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | monuments = | residence = [[Pyongyang]], North Korea | nationality = | ethnicity = | citizenship = [[North Korea]] | education = | alma_mater = Pyongyang Varsity o Theatre an Film | occupation = | years_active = 1971–2012 | era = | employer = [[Korean Central Television|KCTV]] | organization = | known_for = Umwhile heid reporter for KCTV | notable_works = <!-- produces label "Notable work"; may be overridden by |credits=, which produces label "Notable credit(s)"; or by |works=, which produces label "Works" --> | style = | net_worth = <!-- Net worth should be supported with a citation from a reliable source --> | height = <!-- "X cm", "X m" or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --> | weight = <!-- "X kg", "X lb" or "X st Y lb" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --> | television = | spouse = <!-- Use article title or common name --> | partner = <!-- (unmarried long-term partner) --> | children = | parents = <!-- overrides mother and father parameters --> | mother = <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --> | father = <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --> | relatives = | family = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | module = {{Infobox Korean name | context = north | hangul = 리춘히 | hanja = {{linktext|李|春|姬}} | mr = Ri Ch'unhi | rr = I Chunhi | child = yes }} | module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | module6 = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }} '''Ri Chun-hee''' (an aa [[Romanisation o Korean|romanised]] as '''Ri Chun Hee''' an '''Ri Chun Hui''';<ref name="Makino2011">{{cite web |url=https://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/korean_peninsula/AJ201112160011 |title=North Korea’s ‘People’s broadcaster’ missing |work=Asia & Japan Watch |date=16 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508112452/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/korean_peninsula/AJ201112160011 |archive-date=2013-05-08 |dead-url=no |first=Yoshihiro |last=Makino |publisher=Asahi Shimbun |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> born 8 July 1943) is a retired [[news anchor]]wumman for [[North Korea]]n broadcaster [[Korean Central Television]] ({{abbr|KCTV|Korean Central Television}}). She is most notable for her characteristic emotional and sometimes vitriolic tone, describit as "passionate", "vaguely menacin", an "aggressive".<ref name="Madden2010">{{cite journal |url=http://www.kpajournal.com/storage/KPAJ-1-10.pdf#page=4 |title=Ri Chun Hui |work=KPA Journal |date=2010 |pages=4–5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112085603/http://www.kpajournal.com/storage/KPAJ-1-10.pdf#page=4 |archive-date=2011-01-12 |dead-url=no |first=Michael |last=Madden |editor-first=Joseph S., Jr. |editor-last=Bermudez |volume=1 |issue=10 |format=PDF |journal= |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ri made the offeecial announcements o the daiths o [[Kim Il-sung]] in 1994 an [[Kim Jong-il]] in 2011.<ref name="Harris2011">{{cite web |url=http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/19/with-word-of-leaders-death-come-tears-on-state-tv/ |title=The Lede: On North Korean State Television, News of the Leader’s Death and Floods of Tears |work=The New York Times |date=19 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915222532/http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/19/with-word-of-leaders-death-come-tears-on-state-tv/ |archive-date=2015-09-15 |dead-url=no |first1=Elizabeth A. |last1=Harris |first2=Robert |last2=Mackey |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a news report bi [[CCTV News|{{abbr|CCTV|China Central Television}} News]] on 24 Januar 2012, Ri announced her retirement as chief newsreader at KCTV.<ref>{{YouTube|lGIrtvjrlj0|Report on CCTV English}} annooncin Ri's retirement</ref> She has periodically reappeared on telly in the years syne, teepically tae mak an annooncement regairdin the kintra's militaristic development. She is also the only known journalist in DPRK. ==References== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ri, Chun-hee}} [[Category:1943 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Tongchon Coonty]] [[Category:Wirkers' Pairty o Korea politeecians]] [[Category:Korean televeesion personalities]] shq97oftfs6mu3kyf2sipfgxbl2j6po 901602 901601 2024-12-31T22:10:04Z CiphriusKane 74958 Revertit edit o 2001:8F8:183D:5409:B530:8072:F281:CBCD, chynged back tae last version bi InternetArchiveBot 829467 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Korean name|Ri}} {{Infobox person | name = Ri Chun-hee | image = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] --> | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | native_name = 리춘히 | native_name_lang = ko | pronunciation = Lee Chun Hee | birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name above --> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1943|7|8|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Tongchon]], [[Gangwon (historical province)|Gangwon]], [[Korea unner Japanese rule|Japanese Korea]] | death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --> | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | burial_place = <!-- may be used instead of resting_place and resting_place_coordinates (displays "Burial place" as label) --> | burial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | monuments = | residence = [[Pyongyang]], North Korea | nationality = | ethnicity = | citizenship = [[North Korea]] | education = | alma_mater = Pyongyang Varsity o Theatre an Film | occupation = | years_active = 1971–2012 | era = | employer = [[Korean Central Television|KCTV]] | organization = | known_for = Umwhile heid reporter for KCTV | notable_works = <!-- produces label "Notable work"; may be overridden by |credits=, which produces label "Notable credit(s)"; or by |works=, which produces label "Works" --> | style = | net_worth = <!-- Net worth should be supported with a citation from a reliable source --> | height = <!-- "X cm", "X m" or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --> | weight = <!-- "X kg", "X lb" or "X st Y lb" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --> | television = | spouse = <!-- Use article title or common name --> | partner = <!-- (unmarried long-term partner) --> | children = | parents = <!-- overrides mother and father parameters --> | mother = <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --> | father = <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --> | relatives = | family = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | module = {{Infobox Korean name | context = north | hangul = 리춘히 | hanja = {{linktext|李|春|姬}} | mr = Ri Ch'unhi | rr = I Chunhi | child = yes }} | module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | module6 = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }} '''Ri Chun-hee''' (an aa [[Romanisation o Korean|romanised]] as '''Ri Chun Hee''' an '''Ri Chun Hui''';<ref name="Makino2011">{{cite web |url=https://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/korean_peninsula/AJ201112160011 |title=North Korea’s ‘People’s broadcaster’ missing |work=Asia & Japan Watch |date=16 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508112452/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/korean_peninsula/AJ201112160011 |archive-date=2013-05-08 |dead-url=no |first=Yoshihiro |last=Makino |publisher=Asahi Shimbun |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> born 8 Julie 1943) is a retired [[news anchor]]wumman for [[North Korea]]n broadcaster [[Korean Central Television]] ({{abbr|KCTV|Korean Central Television}}). She is most notable for her characteristic emotional and sometimes vitriolic tone, describit as "passionate", "vaguely menacin", an "aggressive".<ref name="Madden2010">{{cite journal |url=http://www.kpajournal.com/storage/KPAJ-1-10.pdf#page=4 |title=Ri Chun Hui |work=KPA Journal |date=2010 |pages=4–5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112085603/http://www.kpajournal.com/storage/KPAJ-1-10.pdf#page=4 |archive-date=2011-01-12 |dead-url=no |first=Michael |last=Madden |editor-first=Joseph S., Jr. |editor-last=Bermudez |volume=1 |issue=10 |format=PDF |journal= |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ri made the offeecial announcements o the daiths o [[Kim Il-sung]] in 1994 an [[Kim Jong-il]] in 2011.<ref name="Harris2011">{{cite web |url=http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/19/with-word-of-leaders-death-come-tears-on-state-tv/ |title=The Lede: On North Korean State Television, News of the Leader’s Death and Floods of Tears |work=The New York Times |date=19 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915222532/http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/19/with-word-of-leaders-death-come-tears-on-state-tv/ |archive-date=2015-09-15 |dead-url=no |first1=Elizabeth A. |last1=Harris |first2=Robert |last2=Mackey |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a news report bi [[CCTV News|{{abbr|CCTV|China Central Television}} News]] on 24 Januar 2012, Ri annoonced her retirement as chief newsreader at KCTV.<ref>{{YouTube|lGIrtvjrlj0|Report on CCTV English}} annooncin Ri's retirement</ref> She haes periodically reappeared on telly in the years syne, teepically tae mak an annooncement regairdin the kintra's militaristic development.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3388595/The-woman-North-Korea-trusts-deliver-important-propaganda-Ri-Chun-hee-news-anchor-Kim-Jong-wheels-wants-impress-world.html|title=The only woman North Korea trusts to deliver its most important propaganda: Ri Chun-hee – the news anchor Kim Jong-un wheels out when he wants to impress the world|publisher=dailymail.co.uk|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ri, Chun-hee}} [[Category:1943 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Tongchon Coonty]] [[Category:Wirkers' Pairty o Korea politeecians]] [[Category:Korean televeesion personalities]] is3daiv1gjksvaa750qjti8q52qr39v 901603 901602 2024-12-31T22:10:41Z CiphriusKane 74958 901603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Korean name|Ri}} {{Infobox person | name = Ri Chun-hee | image = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] --> | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | native_name = 리춘히 | native_name_lang = ko | pronunciation = Lee Chun Hee | birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name above --> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1943|7|8|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Tongchon]], [[Gangwon (historical province)|Gangwon]], [[Korea unner Japanese rule|Japanese Korea]] | death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --> | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | burial_place = <!-- may be used instead of resting_place and resting_place_coordinates (displays "Burial place" as label) --> | burial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | monuments = | residence = [[Pyongyang]], North Korea | nationality = | ethnicity = | citizenship = [[North Korea]] | education = | alma_mater = Pyongyang Varsity o Theatre an Film | occupation = | years_active = 1971–2012 | era = | employer = [[Korean Central Television|KCTV]] | organization = | known_for = Umwhile heid reporter for KCTV | notable_works = <!-- produces label "Notable work"; may be overridden by |credits=, which produces label "Notable credit(s)"; or by |works=, which produces label "Works" --> | style = | net_worth = <!-- Net worth should be supported with a citation from a reliable source --> | height = <!-- "X cm", "X m" or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --> | weight = <!-- "X kg", "X lb" or "X st Y lb" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) --> | television = | spouse = <!-- Use article title or common name --> | partner = <!-- (unmarried long-term partner) --> | children = | parents = <!-- overrides mother and father parameters --> | mother = <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --> | father = <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --> | relatives = | family = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | module = {{Infobox Korean name | context = north | hangul = 리춘히 | hanja = {{linktext|李|春|姬}} | mr = Ri Ch'unhi | rr = I Chunhi | child = yes }} | module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | module6 = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }} '''Ri Chun-hee''' (an aa [[Romanisation o Korean|romanised]] as '''Ri Chun Hee''' an '''Ri Chun Hui''';<ref name="Makino2011">{{cite web |url=https://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/korean_peninsula/AJ201112160011 |title=North Korea’s ‘People’s broadcaster’ missing |work=Asia & Japan Watch |date=16 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508112452/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/korean_peninsula/AJ201112160011 |archive-date=2013-05-08 |dead-url=no |first=Yoshihiro |last=Makino |publisher=Asahi Shimbun |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> born 8 Julie 1943) is a retired [[news anchor]]wumman for [[North Korea]]n broadcaster [[Korean Central Television]] ({{abbr|KCTV|Korean Central Television}}). She is most notable for her characteristic emotional and sometimes vitriolic tone, describit as "passionate", "vaguely menacin", an "aggressive".<ref name="Madden2010">{{cite journal |url=http://www.kpajournal.com/storage/KPAJ-1-10.pdf#page=4 |title=Ri Chun Hui |work=KPA Journal |date=2010 |pages=4–5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112085603/http://www.kpajournal.com/storage/KPAJ-1-10.pdf#page=4 |archive-date=2011-01-12 |dead-url=no |first=Michael |last=Madden |editor-first=Joseph S., Jr. |editor-last=Bermudez |volume=1 |issue=10 |format=PDF |journal= |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ri made the offeecial announcements o the daiths o [[Kim Il-sung]] in 1994 an [[Kim Jong-il]] in 2011.<ref name="Harris2011">{{cite web |url=http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/19/with-word-of-leaders-death-come-tears-on-state-tv/ |title=The Lede: On North Korean State Television, News of the Leader’s Death and Floods of Tears |work=The New York Times |date=19 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915222532/http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/19/with-word-of-leaders-death-come-tears-on-state-tv/ |archive-date=2015-09-15 |dead-url=no |first1=Elizabeth A. |last1=Harris |first2=Robert |last2=Mackey |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=2016-09-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a news report bi [[CCTV News|{{abbr|CCTV|China Central Television}} News]] on 24 Januar 2012, Ri annoonced her retirement as chief newsreader at KCTV.<ref>{{YouTube|lGIrtvjrlj0|Report on CCTV English}} annooncin Ri's retirement</ref> She haes periodically reappeared on telly in the years syne, teepically tae mak an annooncement regairdin the kintra's militaristic development.{{Citation needit}} ==References== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ri, Chun-hee}} [[Category:1943 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Fowk frae Tongchon Coonty]] [[Category:Wirkers' Pairty o Korea politeecians]] [[Category:Korean televeesion personalities]] hfkuxk003ci0pmixr7ayzr15wmen1nv 0 189729 901615 892293 2024-12-31T22:46:36Z CiphriusKane 74958 901615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Fixscots}} {{Infobox football biography | name = Derek Riordan | image = Derek Riordan 30-04-2016 1.jpg | image_size = 200 | caption = Riordan trainin wi [[York City F.C.|York City]] in 2016 | fullname = Derek George Riordan<ref name=SFReview>{{cite book |title=The Bell's Scottish Football Review 2005.06 |url=https://archive.org/details/scottishfootball0000thom |year=2005 |publisher=Cre8 Publishing |location= |isbn=978-0-9548556-1-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/scottishfootball0000thom/page/28 28]}}</ref> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1983|1|16|df=y}}<ref name=SFReview/> | birth_place = [[Edinburgh]], Scotland | height = {{height|ft=5|in=10}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Derek Riordan |url=http://www.espnfc.com/player/17678/derek-riordan |website=ESPN FC |accessdate=20 November 2016}}</ref> | position = [[Forrit (association fitbaw)|Striker]] | currentclub = | clubnumber = | youthyears1 = 1999–2001 | youthclubs1 = [[Hibernian F.C. Under-20s and Academy|Hibernian]] | years1 = 2001–2006 | caps1 = 123 | goals1 = 54 | clubs1 = [[Hibernian F.C.|Hibernian]] | years2 = 2003 | caps2 = 2 | goals2 = 3 | clubs2 = → [[Cowdenbeath F.C.|Cowdenbeath]] (lend) | years3 = 2006–2008 | caps3 = 24 | goals3 = 5 | clubs3 = [[Celtic F.C.|Celtic]] | years4 = 2008–2011 | caps4 = 102 | goals4 = 36 | clubs4 = [[Hibernian F.C.|Hibernian]] | years5 = 2011 | caps5 = 9 | goals5 = 1 | clubs5 = [[Beijing Renhe F.C.|Shaanxi Chanba]] | years6 = 2012 | caps6 = 4 | goals6 = 0 | clubs6 = [[St Johnstone F.C.|St Johnstone]] | years7 = 2012 | caps7 = 11 | goals7 = 0 | clubs7 = [[Bristol Rovers F.C.|Bristol Rovers]] | years8 = 2014 | caps8 = 2 | goals8 = 0 | clubs8 = [[Alloa Athletic F.C.|Alloa Athletic]] | years9 = 2014 | caps9 = 1 | goals9 = 0 | clubs9 = [[Brechin City F.C.|Brechin City]] (trial) | years10= 2015 | caps10= 11 | goals10= 4 | clubs10= [[East Fife F.C.|East Fife]] | years11 = 2016 | caps11= 4 | goals11= 0 | clubs11= [[York City F.C.|York City]] | years12 = 2017 | caps12= 7 | goals12= 3 | clubs12= [[Edinburgh City F.C.|Edinburgh City]] | nationalyears1 = 2001 | nationalteam1 = [[Scotland naitional unner-19 fitbaw team|Scotland U19]] | nationalcaps1 = 5 | nationalgoals1 = 3 | nationalyears2 = 2004–2005 | nationalteam2 = [[Scotland naitional unner-21 fitbaw team|Scotland U21]] | nationalcaps2 = 5 | nationalgoals2 = 0 | nationalyears3 = 2005–2009 | nationalteam3 = [[Scotland naitional fitbaw team|Scotland]] | nationalcaps3 = 3 | nationalgoals3 = 0 | club-update = 20:20, 2 Juin 2017 (UTC) | nationalteam-update = 20:20, 2 Juin 2017 (UTC) }} '''Derek George Riordan''' (born 16 Januar 1983) is a Scots ex-[[Association fitbaw|fitbawer]] hae played as a [[Forrit (association fitbaw)|striker]]. He is current the gaffer of a boozer cawed R1ordans on Easter Road, Leith, alang wi' convictit dealer and business partner Michael 'Mikey' Wright.<ref>https://www.edinburghlive.co.uk/news/edinburgh-news/derek-riordan-take-over-leith-17650391</ref> Eftir he left Hibs fae the seicont time he fand it hard tae get establisht at ither clubs an thaucht that he wis barrie enough fae muckle a toap club. In an interview in 2015 he blaymed misconceptions aboot him fae stopping him geyttin back intae top division fitaw, sayin that they came fae somewan hae wis tryin tae sabotage his career. <ref>https://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/sport/football/hibs/derek-riordan-someone-has-sabotaged-my-career-879806</ref> Derek wis hamesick during his cheenese spell at Shaanxi Chanba in 2011, and didnae lyk the fuid, ha'eing descrieved it as "{{lang|en|chicken feet, what I was told was frog and other no’ right stuff}}."<ref>https://www.scotsman.com/sport/football/celtic/interview-derek-riordan-plots-his-return-1573907</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Navboxes | title = Awairds | bg = gold | fg = navy | list1 = {{PFA Scotland Young Player of the Year}} {{SFWA Young Player of the Year}} }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Riordan, Derek}} [[Category:1983 births]] [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Sportsfowk frae Edinburgh]] [[Category:Scots fitbawers]] [[Category:Scotland youth internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Scotland unner-21 internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Scotland internaitional fitbawers]] [[Category:Association fitbaw forrits]] [[Category:Hibernian F.C. players]] [[Category:Cowdenbeath F.C. players]] [[Category:Celtic F.C. players]] [[Category:Beijing Renhe F.C. players]] [[Category:St Johnstone F.C. players]] [[Category:Bristol Rovers F.C. players]] [[Category:Alloa Athletic F.C. players]] [[Category:Brechin City F.C. players]] [[Category:East Fife F.C. players]] [[Category:York City F.C. players]] [[Category:Edinburgh City F.C. players]] [[Category:Scottish Premier League players]] [[Category:Scottish Football League players]] [[Category:Chinese Super League players]] [[Category:English Football League players]] [[Category:Scottish Professional Football League players]] [[Category:Scots expatriate fitbawers]] [[Category:Expatriate fitbawers in Cheenae]] [[Category:Breetish expatriates in Cheenae]] qu9x2x17uxp8q6sm5v2ppn2982govfj 0 204622 901614 897593 2024-12-31T22:45:34Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 901614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{fixscots}} [[File:Angelique Rockas (Victorian).jpg|thumb|Angelique Rockas]] [[File:Angelique Rockas as Annabella (&#039;Tis PIty she&#039;s a Whore).jpg|thumb|Angelique Rockas as Annabella in ''<nowiki>'Tis Pity She's a Whore</nowiki>'', New Theatre, director Declan Donnellan]] '''Angelique Rockas''' (born in Boksburg, [[Sooth Africa]]) is an actress, producer an activist. In 1980, Rockas foonded '''Internationalist Theatre''' in the [[Unitit Kinrick]]<ref> https://www.dramaandtheatre.co.uk/practical/article/practitioner-focus-angelique-rockas</ref> wi patron Athol Fugard. The theatre featured multi-racial casts in classical plays, breakin racial barriers 'at waur ance accepted norms fur theatrical performances.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&ei=NnhYXPmrCY_CUujPrIgD&q=South+African+Digest++Internationalist+Theatre+South+African+actress+Angelique+Rockas+all+races+and+nationalities+Genet+The+Balcony+mother+courage&oq=South+African+Digest++Internationalist+Theatre+South+African+actress+Angelique+Rockas+all+races+and+nationalities+Genet+The+Balcony+mother+courage&gs_l=psy-ab.12...19940.46010.0.47929.59.43.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..59.0.0....0.ufflBu-1sXU| title=Angelique Rockas founded Internationalst Theatre all races and nationalities |author=Dirk de Villiers|work=The Star |publisher=South African Digest |date=July 1983|pages=66|via=google.com}}</ref><ref name="British Alternative Theatre Directory">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BjFaAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Internationalist+Theatre%22 ||title=British Alternative Theatre Directory Internationalist Theatre |author=Robert Conway|publisher=J. Offord |date= 1988|pages=27–28 |isbn= 9780903931380|access-date=2019-02-05}}</ref><ref name="British Theatre directory">{{cite web|url= https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=lzkOAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Angelique+Rockas%22&dq=%22Angelique+Rockas%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjg0LLdmPjXAhVjI8AKHYyIAyoQ6AEIQzAG/|title=British Theatre directory Internationalist Theatre Entry|author=British Theatre Directory editor|publisher=British Theatre Directory|date=1990 |page=336|access-date=2019-02-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thesouthafrican.com/angelique-rockas-bold-theatre-pioneer/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-06-06 |archive-date=2016-06-06 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20160606160808/http://www.thesouthafrican.com/angelique-rockas-bold-theatre-pioneer/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Documents Athol Fugard in British Library ,[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS032-003377398&fn=permalink&vid=IAMS_VU2 "Angelique Rockas Archives"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308201331/https://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS032-003377398&fn=permalink&vid=IAMS_VU2 |date=2022-03-08 }},</ref><ref name ="British Newspaper Archive">{{cite web|title=The Stage Second show by Genet multi-racial|website=British Newspaper Archive|date=1981-04-09|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/search/results?basicsearch=second%20show%20by%20genet%20the%20stage%20april%201981&retrievecountrycounts=false |access-date=2019-02-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=LIOLA|date=28 July 1982|author=Rosalind Carne|work=Financial Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mother Courage review pg.69|issue=611 |author=Malcom Hay|date=7 May 1982|work=Time Out }}</ref> ==Actin career== Rockas gained praise fur her strang interpretations<ref>http://collections-search.bfi.org.uk/web/Details/ChoiceArchive/110078562</ref> ay: [[Medea ]](Euripides),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreengrabNedChailletMedeaTheTimesReview21Jan1982Pg13 |title=Review of Medea |author=Ned Chaillet |date=Jan 1982|work=The Times retrieved from Gale |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/Screengrab1SundayTelegraphWomenssWorldsMidPage24Januray1982 |title=Women's Worlds review of Medea |author=RS Rosemary Say |date= 24 January 1982 |work=The Sunday Telegraph pg.12 from the Telegraph Historical Archives from Gale |via=archive,org }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/Screengrab2SundayTelegraphWomenssWorlds24Januray1982Page |title=Women's Worlds review of Medea |author=RS Rosemary Say |date=24 January 1982 |work=The Sunday Telegraph pg.12 from Telegraph Historical Archives from Gale |via=archive,org }}</ref> Video<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/MedeaPerformanceAtTheatroTechnis1982PlayedByAngeliqueRockas|title=Live performance of Angelique Rockas as Medea|date=24 January 1982|work=Medea|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Miss Julie ([[August Strindberg]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/InternationalistMissJulieMultiNationalBreakingCastingClichesAugust2011|title=Angelique Rockas: bold theatre pioneer|author=Heather Walker|work=The South African|date=August 2011|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/MorningStarProfoundConflictArticle |title=Profound conflict|date=2 February 1984|work=[[Morning Star (British newspaper)|Morning Star]]|page=2|author=Jo Stanley|via=archive.org}}</ref> Emma in ''The Camp'' (Griselda Gambaro)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/SearingMorningStarOriginalCamp |title= The Camp review: "Searing and of great power"|date=1981|work=Morning Star|author=Tom Vaughan |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref name="JISC Journal Archives">{{cite web | title=JISC Journal Archives : Viewer | website=JISC Journal Archives | url=https://data.journalarchives.jisc.ac.uk/britishlibrary/sparerib/view?volumeIssue=33313337323334343737%2333383234353738313239$%23313135&journal=33313337323334343737%2333383234353738313239 | access-date=2018-10-18 | archive-date=2020-06-29 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629023136/https://data.journalarchives.jisc.ac.uk/britishlibrary/sparerib/view?volumeIssue=33313337323334343737%2333383234353738313239$%23313135&journal=33313337323334343737%2333383234353738313239 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/BBCLatinAmericanReview2 |title=BBC Latin American The Camp Multi Racial And Multi National |year=1981|work=Griselda Gambaro The Camp |author=Ann Morey |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/BBCLatinAmericanReview1 |title=BBC Latin American The Camp Multi Racial And Multi National|author=Ann Morey|date=26 October 1981|work=BBC Latin American Service page 2|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> an as Annabella in Ford's ''<nowiki>'Tis Pity She's a Whore</nowiki>''<ref>https://archive.org/details/angeliquerockasasannabellatispityshesawhore_202002</ref> She forby played [[Lady Macbeth]] at the Tramshed Theatre, Woolwich, [[London]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/MacbethProgram |title=Macbeth|date=1978 |work=Lady Macbeth|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.glypt.co.uk/tramshedhistory/|title=Tramshed History|work=Glypt|author=Glypt|date=2018|via=glypt.co.uk|access-date=2019-10-14|archive-date=2018-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807220857/http://www.glypt.co.uk/tramshedhistory/|url-status=dead}}</ref> and th' nurse in th' f an' h play at th' traverse theatre.<ref>The Traverse Theatre story 1963-1988 by Joyce McMillan, Methuen Drama Performing Arts, 1 September 1988 </ref> ==Internationalist Theatre productions== *''The Balcony'' bi Jean Genet (1981);<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenshotTheStagePageSecondShowByGenet|title=Second Show by Genet retrieved from British Newspaper Archive|date=9 April 1981 |work=The Stage |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenshotOfTheStageReviewByAnnMorleyPriestmanTheBalcony_201808 |title=Taylormade Theatre The Balcony retrieved from British Newspaper Archive|date=23 July 1981 |author=Ann Morley-Priestman |work=The Stage |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/RosemaryBurtonCoventGardenCourrier|title=The Balcony |date=12 July 1981 |author=Rosemary Burton |work=The Covent Garden Courrier |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/TheNewStandardListingByChristopherHudsonForTheBalcony|title=The Balcony listing |date=3 July 1981 |author=Christopher Hudson |work=The New Standard |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> *''The Camp'' bi Griselda Gambaro ( 1981);<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theatricalia.com/play/db5/the-camp-by-griselda-gambaro/production/wb0 |date=October 1981|author=Griselda Gambaro|work=The Camp|title=Internationalist Theatre Production of The Camp|via=theatricalia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://data.journalarchives.jisc.ac.uk/britishlibrary/sparerib/view?volumeIssue=33313337323334343737%2333383234353738313239$%23313135&journal=33313337323334343737%2333383234353738313239|title=Review of ''The Camp'' (''El Campo'')|author=Jenny Vaughan|date=February 1982|work=Spare Rib|issue=115|pages=46–47)|via=British Library|access-date=2019-10-12|archive-date=2020-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629023136/https://data.journalarchives.jisc.ac.uk/britishlibrary/sparerib/view?volumeIssue=33313337323334343737%2333383234353738313239$%23313135&journal=33313337323334343737%2333383234353738313239|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenshotOfTheStagePageWithTheCampReviewRetrievedFromStageMedia |title=The Camp retrieved from British Newspaper Archive|date=19 November 1981 |author=Ann Morley-Priestman |work=The Stage |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> * ''Mither Courage an Her Bairns'' (Mother Courage and Her Children) bi Bertolt Brecht ( 1982);<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theatricalia.com/play/ha/mother-courage-and-her-children/production/wb2|date=March 1982 |author=Bertholt Brecht|work=Mother Courage and Her Children |title=Internationalist Theatre Production of Mother Courage and Her Children|via=theatricalia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenshotArtOfFullPageArtOfKeepingAlive |title= Art of Keeping Alive retrieved from British Newspaper Archive|date=13 May 1982 |author=Peter Hepple |work=The Stage |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenshotStandardLettingMotherTakeTheLoadES1982MAY06244_201808 |title=Letting Mother Take the Load retrieved from ES Media |date= May 1982 |author=Christopher Hudson |work=TheStandard |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenshotOfMorningStarPageWithTomVaughansReviewOfMotherCourage_201808 |title=Rising to Brecht`s Heights retrieved from Morning Star paper archives |date= May 1982 |author=Tom Vaughan |work=The Morining Star |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> * ''Liola'' bi Luigi Pirandello (1982);<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theatricalia.com/play/e20/liola/production/wb5 |date=July 1982 |author=Luigi Pirandello|work=Liola |title=Internationalist Theatre Production of Liola|via=theatricalia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/Liola_review_corriere_della_serra_20_july_1982_Internationalist_theatre|title='piace a Londra ''Liola'' in teatro |date=20 July 1982 |work=Corriere della Serra |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://archive.org/details/PdfInternationalistLiolaMultiRacialAndMultiNationalJuly1982 |title=Deceit in a Sicilian village|author=Harold Atkins|date=28 July 1982|work=The Daily Telegraph|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreengrabIrvingWardleSowingSeedsTheTimes |title=Sowing Seeds Liola retrieved from Times Digital rchive Gale Group |author=Irving Wardle|date=28 July 1982|work=The Times|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> * ''In the Bar o a Tokyo Hotel'' bi [[Tennessee Williams]] (1983);<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theatricalia.com/play/e1z/in-the-bar-of-a-tokyo-hotel/production/wb3|date=May 1983|author=Tennessee Williams |work=In The Bar of a Tokyo Hotel |title=Internationalist Theatre Production of In the Bar of a Tokyo Hotel|via=theatricalia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreengrabBattleForRiches |title=Battle for Riches review of Tokyo Bar retrieved from British Newspaper Archives |author=Ann Nugent|date=14 July 1983|work=The Stage|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/PosterOfInTheBarOfATokyoHotelWithCastAndProductionTeamDetails_201808 |title=Poster of `In the Bar of a Tokyo Hotel` with Cast and Crew |date= July 1983 |work=Internationalist Theatre |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> * ''Miss Julie'' bi August Strindberg (1994);<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theatricalia.com/play/8h/miss-julie/production/wb4 |date=January 1984|author=August Strindberg| work=Miss Julie|title=Internationalist Theatre Production of Miss Julie |via=theatricalia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenShotTheStageMissJulie_201808 |title=Review of Miss Julie retrieved from British Newspaper archive |author=RB Marriott|date=2 February 1984|work=The Stage|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenshotOfMorningStarPageMissJulieReview |title=Profound Conflict review of Miss Julie retrieved from Morning Star paper archives |author=Jo Stanley |date=2 February 1984|work=The Stage|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ScreenshotSundayTelegraphMissJulieFrancisKing2_201808 |title=Miss Julie retrieved from Telegraph hisorical archive Gale |author=Franscis King |date=22 January 1984|work=The Sunday Telegraph|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> * ''Enemies'' bi Maxim Gorky, Ann Pennington directin (1985).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theatricalia.com/play/8c/enemies/production/wb6|date=March 1985|author=Maxim Gorky| work=Enemies|title=Production of Enemies|via=theatricalia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/MorningStarOrigianlEnemies|title=Review of ''Enemies''|author=Tom Vaughan|date=26 March 1985|work=The Morning Star|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/CityLimitsReviewOfGorkyEnemies |title=Review of ''Enemies''|author=Barney Bardsley |date= March 1985|work=City Limits|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/BBCRussianServiceReviewGorkyEnemiesPage1A |title=Broadcast transcript of review of ''Enemies''|author=BBC Russian Service |date= March 1985|work=BBC Russian service |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/PaulLewensteinReviewOfEnemiesCamdenNewsJournal |title=review of ''Enemies''|author=Paul Lewenstein |date= March 1985|work=Camden News Journal |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://theatricalia.com/company/2fr/internationalist-theatre-originally-called-new-internationalist-theatre|title=Internationalist Theatre (originally called New Internationalist Theatre )|date=|work=Internationalist Theatre Productions|via=theatricalia.com}}</ref> *[https://archive.org/details/@theatre_archive_london] London Theatre Archive ==Archives== * British Library Archives [http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS032-003377398&fn=permalink&vid=IAMS_VU2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308201331/https://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/dlDisplay.do?docId=IAMS032-003377398&fn=permalink&vid=IAMS_VU2 |date=2022-03-08 }} * British Film Institure Archives [http://collections-search.bfi.org.uk/web/Details/ChoiceArchive/110078562] *Bertolt-Brecht-Archiv Akademie der Künste [https://archiv.adk.de/objekt/2583471 Informationen zu Angelique Rockas/Theatercompagnie Internationalist Theatre] *Greek Diaspora Archive-Angelique Rockas [http://www.kingscollections.org/catalogues/kclca/collection/g/greek-diaspora-archive/] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Fremmit airtins== {{commonscat}} *[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0734214/ Angelique Rckas] IMDB *Angelique Rockas in the ''F and H Play '' at The Traverse Theatre [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=yYcqAAAAMAAJ&q=angelique+rockas&dq=angelique+rockas&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi3xYiZzP_fAhUZVBUIHTrQAQAQ6AEIQzAG] *[https://theatricalia.com/company/2fr/internationalist-theatre] Internationalist Theatre productions *[https://archive.today/20160606160808/http://www.thesouthafrican.com/angelique-rockas-bold-theatre-pioneer/] *[http://www.hellenism.net/greece/famous-greeks/interviews/angelique-rockas.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526122049/http://www.hellenism.net/greece/famous-greeks/interviews/angelique-rockas.html |date=2018-05-26 }} Angelique Rockas on Hellenism.net *[https://eu.greekreporter.com/2012/05/21/angelique-rockas-strong-bold-and-unafraid/] Angelique Rockas :Strong,Bold and Unafraid *[https://archive.org/details/VogueMexcoCoverJuly1992] Angelique Rockas : Una actiz multiplicada Vogue Mexico *[https://theatricalia.com/company/2fr/internationalist-theatre] Theatricalia Internationalist Theatre Productions {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rockas, Angelique}} [[Category:Livin fowk]] [[Category:Inglis film actresses]] [[Category:Actresses o Greek strynd]] lekxcv7dsll5jq7hfuxolo4bx3a3lxp 0 225583 901612 809822 2024-12-31T22:44:00Z CiphriusKane 74958 901612 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Auchenbowie Hoose''' is a [[laird's hoose]] in [[Stirlin]], [[Scotland]], boucht bi [[Robert Bruce, Provost o Stirlin]] (descendant o [[Robert the Bruce|The Bruce]]) in 1555. The hoose wus eikit tae efterhaun, an remodelled in 1768 an again in the 19t centurie. It's located in the aurie o [[Auchenbowie]], Stirlin.<ref name="CountryLife">{{cite news |title=Spectacular Scottish castles and estates for sale |url=https://www.countrylife.co.uk/property/spectacular-scottish-castles-and-estates-for-sale-71895 |access-date=16 October 2020 |work=Country Life |date=26 August 2020 |language=en}}</ref> It passt bi [[mairiage]] tae the [[Munro faimily|Munro faimilie]] in 1708 efter ane of the Bruce familie haed tae flee the kintra whan he killt a man in a [[duel]]. The Munro familie wis the awners in 1787 whan [[Robert Burns]], the Scots naitional [[makar]], steyed an screived in his jurnal anent dinin wi the Munro<ref name="Nikolic"/><ref name="CountryLife"/> that wus a makar an-aw.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bennett |first1=Gabriella |title=A house of notable guests |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-house-of-notable-guests-krx5rwlh5 |access-date=16 October 2020 |work=The Times |date=7 July 2017 |language=en}}</ref> Umquhile [[Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick|Prime Minister o the Unitit Kinrick]], [[Winston Churchill]], steyed at the Hoose whan visitin a niece that had mairit intae the Munro familie.<ref name="CountryLife"/> == References == {{reflist}} {{Robert Burns}} [[Category:Biggins an structurs in Scotland]] lxgdkgevtsgabvmmenufqdr28yh2gnc 901613 901612 2024-12-31T22:45:00Z CiphriusKane 74958 901613 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Auchenbowie Hoose''' is a [[laird's hoose]] in [[Stirlin]], [[Scotland]], boucht bi [[Robert Bruce, Provost o Stirlin]] (descendant o [[Robert the Bruce|The Bruce]]) in 1555. The hoose wus eikit tae efterhaun, an remodelled in 1768 an again in the 19t centurie. It's located in the aurie o [[Auchenbowie]], Stirlin.<ref name="CountryLife">{{cite news |title=Spectacular Scottish castles and estates for sale |url=https://www.countrylife.co.uk/property/spectacular-scottish-castles-and-estates-for-sale-71895 |access-date=16 October 2020 |work=Country Life |date=26 August 2020 |language=en}}</ref> It passt bi [[mairiage]] tae the [[Munro faimily|Munro faimilie]] in 1708 efter ane of the Bruce familie haed tae flee the kintra whan he killt a man in a [[duel]]. The Munro familie wis the awners in 1787 whan [[Robert Burns]], the Scots naitional [[makar]], steyed an screived in his jurnal anent dinin wi the Munro<ref name="CountryLife"/> that wus a makar an-aw.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bennett |first1=Gabriella |title=A house of notable guests |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-house-of-notable-guests-krx5rwlh5 |access-date=16 October 2020 |work=The Times |date=7 July 2017 |language=en}}</ref> Umquhile [[Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick|Prime Minister o the Unitit Kinrick]], [[Winston Churchill]], steyed at the Hoose whan visitin a niece that had mairit intae the Munro familie.<ref name="CountryLife"/> == References == {{reflist}} {{Robert Burns}} [[Category:Biggins an structurs in Scotland]] pq6i5dova3zn7qanlzvmbtcft723yj3 0 225675 901610 883034 2024-12-31T22:42:31Z CiphriusKane 74958 901610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language | name = Cromarty Scots | nativename = | states = [[Scotland]] | region = [[Cromarty]] | extinct = 2 October 2012, wi the deith o Bobby Hogg<ref name="Extinct"/> | familycolor = Indo-European | fam2 = [[Germanic leids|Germanic]] | fam3 = [[Wast Germanic leids|Wast Germanic leids]] | fam4 = [[North Sea Germanic]] | fam5 = [[Anglo-Frisie leids|Anglo-Frisie]] | fam6 = [[Anglic leids|Anglic]] | fam7 = [[Scots leid|Scots]] | fam8 = [[Northren Scots]] | fam9 = [[North Northren Scots]] | fam10 = Black Isles | linglist = | isoexception = byleid | glotto = none }} The '''Cromarty dialeck''' o [[Northren Scots|North Northren Scots]] wis spak in [[Cromarty]], [[Scotland]]. The [[byleid|dialeck]] wis fae fowk that haed flittit north fae the [[Firth o Forth]] in the 15t an 16t yeirhunners. The last hamlet spikker o the dialeck, Bobby Hogg, dee'd in 2012 at age 92.<ref>{{cite news |date=2009-05-05 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/highlands_and_islands/8033355.stm |title=Rare fisherfolk dialect recorded |work=BBC News |access-date=2020-10-18}}</ref><ref name="Extinct">{{Cite web |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-robert-bobby-hogg-engineer-and-last-speaker-of-the-cromarty-dialect-1-2576251 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-10-20 |archive-date=2019-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225210048/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-robert-bobby-hogg-engineer-and-last-speaker-of-the-cromarty-dialect-1-2576251 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Afore his deith, Hogg pit thegither a buikie o tradeitional wirds an phrases. The [[Hieland (cooncil aurie)|Hieland Cooncil]] producit a buikie anent the dialeck forby.<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.ambaile.org.uk/en/download/files/The%20Cromarty%20Fisherfolk%20Dialect.pdf |title=The Cromarty Fisherfolk Dialect |publisher=Am Baile, The Highland Council's History and Culture website (on Internet Archive) |page=5 |access-date=2020-10-18 |archive-date=2015-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151202061539/http://www.ambaile.org.uk/en/download/files/The%20Cromarty%20Fisherfolk%20Dialect.pdf }}</ref> The dialeck haed a muckle influence fae baith [[Hieland Inglis]] an [[Scots Gaelic]]. == History == Aroun the [[15t century|15t]] an [[16t yeirhunner|16t]] yeirhunners, fowk that spoak the [[Scots leid]] wud flit up the [[firth o Forth]] an muiv in. Bringin in thair leid, the dialecks wud turn intil dialecks o [[Northren Scots]]. The Cromarty dialeck wis ane o the dialecks, wi that bein its origins. The dialeck's origins wud mak it haev a "sing-songy", Anglo-Saxon spikkin wey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lewis|first=Helen|date=2012-10-04|title=The death of the Cromarty fisherfolk dialect|url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2012/10/death-cromarty-fisherfolk-dialect|access-date=2023-07-21|website=New Statesman|language=en-US}}</ref> The dialeck de'ed oot acause o the industrulisation o fishin in the 1950s an wud get a faist decline in the aroun the next 30 yeirs.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hamilton|first=Jamie|date=2012-10-05|title=Last native speaker of Scots dialect dies|url=https://www.cnn.com/2012/10/05/world/europe/scotland-dead-dialect/index.html|access-date=2023-07-22|website=CNN|language=en}}</ref> Aroun 2007, Bobby an his wee brither Gordon wur the last spikkers o the dialeck until Gordon de'ed age 86 in 2011. Baith wur recordit in 2007 spikkin thair hamlet tung.{{citation needit}} Efter, Bobby de'ed at 92 in 2013, in whit wud be the extinction o the dialeck.<ref>{{cite news |date=2007-02-21 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1543318/Brothers-are-last-to-speak-dialect.html |title=Brothers are last to speak dialect |newspaper=Daily Telegraph |access-date=2020-10-18 |author=Auslan Cramb}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news |date=2007-02-26 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2007/feb/26/features11.g21 |title=Anyone here speak Cromarty fisher? |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=2020-10-18 |author=Matt Kennard}}</ref> The dialeck wis seemlar tae [[Auld Inglis]] in grammar, an the "wh"s bein dropped in wirds siclik "whaur" an "whit".<ref>{{Cite news|last=Jenkins|first=Simon|date=2012-10-04|title=Cromarty may have gone, but now we have Spanglish|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/oct/04/cromarty-gone-now-have-spanglish|access-date=2023-07-21|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> == Orthography == Nae muckle is kent anent the orthography. The feinal spikkers didna ken hou tae spell in the dialeck.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gould|first=Mike|url=|title=Cambridge International AS and A Level English Language Coursebook|last2=Steve|first2=Jeffrey|last3=Rankin|first3=Marilyn|date=2014-08-21|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-66227-8|pages=251|language=en}}</ref> Ainly approximate pronounciations fae audio recordins are kent, wi likely aa the records nae existin an/or poorly documentit. == Sample tex == The sample tex is fae the ''The Scottish Tongue: A Series of Lectures on the Vernacular Language of Lowland Scotland Delivered to the Members of the Vernacular Circle of the Burns Club of London'' (1924). :When grannie bakes her oaten cakes, ::I aye drap in to news a whiley— :If she should want a messagie, ::She'll ken that then I'd run a miley. :My grannie's cakes are groff and sweet ::She'll aye mak ane for her wee mannie" : On east or west in Cromarty :There's none can bake like my auld grannie. ::She'll say: :"Noo tak' the pailie doon ::And get a Stroopie drink for grannie: Ye'll mind and row yer hankie roon :The han❜lie or 't'ill hurt yer han'ie.". ::In comes the weaver's wife to crack :Wi'-"Bless yer he'rt and hoo's yer body?" I ken my cakie's toastin' fine, ::As I go up the Stroopie roadie. == See forby == *[[Leet o leids bi time o extinction]] == References == {{reflist}} == Fremmit airtins == * [https://www.timesleader.com/archive/60650/stories-a-small-glossary-of-cromarty-dialect-phrases213243 Ae wee glossary o Cromarty dialeck phrases] at TimesLeader * [https://www.omniglot.com/bloggle/?p=7704 Cromarty fisher dialect] at Omniglot [[Category:Extinct leids o Scotland]] [[Category:Scots dialects]] [[Category:Leids withoot Glottolog code]] ewfzao49uakf7fg2wx041juydbsom6j 0 232222 901618 900542 2025-01-01T01:35:11Z InternetArchiveBot 79721 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 901618 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Breyten Breytenbach</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Breyten_Breytenbach,_1995_-_17.jpg|frameless|Breytenbach in 1995]]<div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Breytenbach in 1995</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Born | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |<span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1939-09-16</span>)</span>16 September 1939<br /><br />[[Bonnievale, Western Cape|Bonnievale]], [[Cape Province]], [[Union of South Africa|South Africa]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Died | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |24 November 2024<span style="display:none">(2024-11-24)</span> (aged&nbsp;85)<br /><br />[[Paris]], France |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Occupation | class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Novelist, essayist, poet, painter |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Language | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |[[Afrikaans]], English |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Citizenship | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" | * South Africa * France (since 1982) </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Alma&nbsp;mater | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |University of Cape Town |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Notable awards | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" | * Zbigniew Herbert International Literary Award * Anisfield-Wolf Book Award * Allen Paton Award for Literature * Mahmoud Darwish Award for Creativity </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Spouse | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Yolande |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Relatives | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |Jan Breytenbach (brother)<br /><br />Cloete Breytenbach (brother) |} '''Breyten Breytenbach''' ((6 September 1939 – 24 November 2024) wis a Sooth African-Frainsh screiver, poyet, an penter. He becam internaitional kenspeckle as a dissident poyet an vocal creetic o Sooth Africae unner apartheid, an as a political prisoner o the National Party-wiced South African Government. He is forby kent as a foonin memmer o the Sestigers, a dissident literar muivement, an wis ane o the heid poyets in Afrikaans literature. == Honours and awards == === French honours === * [[Légion d'honneur|Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur]]<ref name="fr24a">{{Cite web|date=24 November 2024|title=Breyten Breytenbach, writer who challenged apartheid, dies at 85|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20241124-breyten-breytenbach-writer-who-challenged-apartheid-dies-at-85|access-date=25 November 2024|website=France 24}}</ref><ref name="agathe">{{Cite web|date=25 November 2024|title=Breyten Breytenbach, a writer who challenged apartheid, dies at the age of 85|url=https://agathequelquejay.fr/2024/vir/bxsonair/Am74323KIN250105GAN|access-date=25 November 2024|website=Agathequelquejay}}</ref><ref name="rfi">{{Cite web|date=24 November 2024|title=Le peintre et poète sud-africain Breyten Breytenbach est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20241124-le-peintre-et-po%C3%A8te-sud-africain-breyten-breytenbach-est-mort|access-date=25 November 2024|website=RFI|language=fr}}</ref> * Commandeur des Arts et Lettres (France's top cultural award)<ref name="fr24a" /><ref name="agathe" /><ref name="rfi" /> === Literary awards === * CNA Award (5 times),<ref name="nyu">{{Cite web|title=Breyten Breytenbach|url=https://as.nyu.edu/faculty/breyten-breytenbach.html|access-date=25 November 2024|website=NYU: Arts & Science}}</ref> for ''Die huis van die dowe'' (1968), ''Kouevuur'' (1969), ''Lotus'' (1970), ''YK'' (1983), and ''Memory of snow and dust'' (1989)<ref name="helgaard" /> * 1965: APB Prize<ref name="nyu" /><ref name="breuer2014">{{Cite web|last=Breuer|first=Rosemarie|date=2014|title=Breyten Breytenbach|url=http://www.stellenboschwriters.com/breyten.html|access-date=25 November 2024|website=Stellenbosch Writers}}</ref> for ''Die ysterkoei moet sweet'' and '' Katastrofes''<ref name="helgaard" /> * 1968: Reina Prinsen Geerligs Award<ref name="nyu" /> for Sooth Africae, for ''Die huis van die dowe''<ref name="helgaard" /> * 1972: {{Interleid airtin|Lucy B. and C.W. van der Hoogt Prize|nl|Lucy B. en C.W. van der Hoogtprijs}}, for Lotus<ref name="helgaard" /> * 1984, 1999, 2008, & 2010: Hertzog Prize<ref name="nyu" /><ref name="breuer2014" /><ref name="helgaard" /> He refuised tae accept the 1984 prize (for ''Yk'').<ref name="helgaard" /> * 1982: Van der Hoogt Prize<ref name="yahoo">{{Cite news|last=AFP|date=24 November 2024|title=S.Africa's Breyten Breytenbach, writer and anti-apartheid activist|publisher=Yahoo News|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/africas-breyten-breytenbach-writer-anti-181151924.html|access-date=24 November 2024|archive-date=2024-11-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241125055436/https://www.yahoo.com/news/africas-breyten-breytenbach-writer-anti-181151924.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="nyu" /><ref name="fr24b">{{Cite web|date=24 November 2024|title=S.Africa's Breyten Breytenbach, writer and anti-apartheid activist|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20241124-s-africa-s-breyten-breytenbach-writer-and-anti-apartheid-activist|access-date=25 November 2024|website=France 24}}</ref> for ''Skryt''<ref name="breuer2014" /> * 1985: Anisfield-Wolf Book Award for Fiction, for ''Mouroir: Mirrornotes of a Novel''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1985|title=1985: Fiction: Mouroir|url=https://www.anisfield-wolf.org/winners/mouroir-mirrornotes-of-a-novel/}}</ref> * 1986: ''Rapport'' Literature Prize, worth R 15,000 (a major prize)<ref name="SAHO">{{Cite web|title=Breyten Breytenbach|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/breyten-breytenbach|access-date=30 July 2014|publisher=South African History Online|quote=Produced 17 February 2011; Last Updated 20 September 2024}}</ref><ref name="nyu" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Breytenbach|first=B.|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=e49XnQEACAAJ|title=Parole:|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2015|isbn=978-1-77022-917-4|page=|access-date=25 November 2024}}</ref> * 1994: Alan Paton Award, for ''Return to Paradise'' <ref>{{Cite news|date=4 June 2007|title=Previous winners of the Alan Paton Award and the Sunday Times Fiction Prize|work=The Times|url=http://www.thetimes.co.za/SpecialReports/BookAwards/Article.aspx?id=482608|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226215141/http://www.thetimes.co.za/SpecialReports/BookAwards/Article.aspx?id=482608|archive-date=2009-02-26}}</ref> * 2007: University of Johannesburg Prize for Creative Writing, for "Die windvanger"<ref name="helgaard" /> * 2007: W.A. Hofmeyr Prize, for "Die windvanger"<ref name="helgaard" /> * 2007: Hertzog Prize, for "Die windvanger"<ref name="helgaard" /> * 2010: Mahmoud Darwish Award for Creativity,<ref name="yahoo" /> for ''Outre Voix/Voice Over'', the French translation of ''Oorblyfsel/Voice Over: 'n roudig''<ref name="helgaard">{{Cite web|date=18 October 2020|title=Breyten Breytenbach|url=https://www.helgaardsteynpryse.co.za/eng/breyten-breytenbach/|access-date=25 November 2024|website=Helgaard Steyn-Pryse}}</ref> * 2010: {{Interleid airtin|Max Jacob Prize|fr|Prix Max-Jacob}}, for ''Outre Voix/Voice Over''<ref name="breuer2014" /> * 2017: Zbigniew Herbert International Literary Award<ref>{{Cite web|title=Laureate of the Zbigniew Herbert Literary Award 2017|url=http://www.fundacjaherberta.com/en/laureate-of-the-international-zbigniew-herbert-literary-award-2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032736/http://www.fundacjaherberta.com/en/laureate-of-the-international-zbigniew-herbert-literary-award-2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="yahoo" /> * Jan Campert Prize,<ref name="nyu" /> special prize<ref name="breuer2014" /> * Jacobus van Looy Prize (for literature and art)<ref name="nyu" /> * Perskor Prize, for ''Voetskrif''<ref name="breuer2014" /><ref name="helgaard" /> * International Publishers Prize, special prize<ref name="breuer2014" /> == References == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Category:Writers frae Paris]] [[Category:1939 births]] [[Category:Sooth Africae]] [[Category:Poets]] [[Category:2024 daiths]] [[Category:Cape Toun]] [[Category:Penters]] oxg83rkp0mp7dimf6ot1ioox5f60394