Tatenda Mkuruva

Wikipedia zuwiki https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikhasi_Elikhulu MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.2 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Tatenda Mkuruva 0 28011 110773 96085 2024-11-09T21:50:25Z InternetArchiveBot 15036 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 110773 wikitext text/x-wiki '''UTatenda Marshal Mkuruva''' (owazalwa ngomhlaka 4 Januwari 1996) ungumdlali [[Ibhola|webhola lezinyawo]] waseZimbabwe odlala njengonozinti weqembu leNational Independent Soccer Association iMichigan Stars FC kanye neqembu lesizwe laseZimbabwe . == Umsebenzi == === Umsebenzi wobusha === UMkuruva uqale umsebenzi wakhe neBudiriro Gunners FC (2007-2008) eHarare wajoyina iDynamos Juniors 2008-2012. === Umsebenzi omkhulu === === Dynamos === Ngo-2013, Mkuruva wajoyina Zimbabwe-Premier Soccer League club Dynamos inkontileka yeminyaka emithathu. <ref>https://www.eurofotbal.cz/hraci/tatenda-mkuruva-68699/</ref> <ref>https://www.herald.co.zw/mukuruva-turns-saviour/</ref> Wenze imidlalo engu-23 yeligi. === Idolobha laseKapa === NgoFebhuwari 2017, wajoyina iklabhu yePremier Soccer League iCape Town City ngenkontileka yeminyaka emithathu. === I-Buildcon === Ngomhlaka-2 Masingana 2018,iqembu le- MTN / FAZ Super Division iBuildcon FC likuqinisekisile ukuthi bafinyelele esivumelwaneni noMkuruva sokusayinisa unyaka njenge-free agent. <ref>https://www.sundaymail.co.zw/follow-the-money-go-to-zambia</ref> <ref>https://www.hmetro.co.zw/mkuruva-blessed-with-baby/</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.gemazo.co.zw/?p=1147 |access-date=2021-07-25 |archive-date=2021-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725105444/http://www.gemazo.co.zw/?p=1147 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> === Izinkanyezi zaseMichigan === UMkuruva wathuthela eMelika ngemuva konyaka eZambia.NgoSepthemba 2019, usayine neMichigan Stars ngaphambi kwesizini yabo yokuqala kuNational Independent Soccer Association . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://michiganstarsfc.com/roster/tatenda-mkuruva |access-date=2021-07-25 |archive-date=2021-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725105446/https://michiganstarsfc.com/roster/tatenda-mkuruva |dead-url=yes }}</ref> <ref>https://www.soccer24.co.zw/2019/09/15/mkuruva-reemerges-in-the-u-s/</ref> <ref>https://news.pindula.co.zw/2020/02/20/tatenda-mkuruva-extends-stay-at-michigan-stars/</ref> <ref>https://www.thestandard.co.zw/2019/09/15/tatenda-mkuruva-resurfaces-us/</ref> <ref>https://www.soccer24.co.zw/2020/02/20/michigan-stars-retain-mkuruva/</ref> == Okwamanye amazwe == UMkuruva usemelele iZimbabwe U17, Zimbabwe U20 kanye neZimbabwe U23 . Uthole izicoco eziphezulu ezingama-20 eqenjini lesizwe laseZimbabwe .Ubemele iqembu lesizwe laseZimbabwe kwi- Africa Cup of Nations 2017 . <ref>https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/38500696</ref> <ref>https://www.chronicle.co.zw/pasuwa-names-23-man-zimbabwe-afcon-squad/</ref> <ref>https://www.seneplus.com/football/senegal-zimbabwe-2-0-dune-pierre-deux-coups</ref> <ref>https://www.sofoot.com/can-la-fiche-du-zimbabwe-437250.html</ref> <ref>https://dailynews.co.zw/articles-2017-01-06-strong-warriors-squad-for-afcon/{{Dead link|date=May 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>https://www.newsday.co.zw/2016/03/pasuwa-announces-warriors-squad/</ref> == Honours == === Iklabhu === '''Dynamos''' * IZimbabwe Premier Soccer League : 2013, 2014, 2015 * Indebe yeMbada Diamonds : 2012-2013 * Indebe Yenkululeko YaseZimbabwe : 2013 '''Idolobha laseKapa''' * IMTN 8 : 2017 : Abagijimi === Ngamunye === '''Dynamos''' * Rookie Yonyaka: 2015 * ISoccer Star Yonyaka: 2015 == Imithombo == [[Category:Abazalwa nge-1996]] [[Category:Abantu baphilayo]] g18sj4eath94btjvuap0fw59mb0tis7 WWE 0 28572 110775 103973 2024-11-09T23:27:47Z InternetArchiveBot 15036 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 110775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox dot-com company|name=World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc.|products={{Plainlist| * Television * Publishing * Films * Finance * Music * Merchandise * Streaming network service * Home video * Live events }}|location_city=[[Titan Towers|1241 East Main Street]] [[Stamford, Connecticut]] 06902<ref>{{cite web|url=http://corporate.wwe.com/company/contacts.jsp|title=General WWE Contacts|work=WWE Corporate|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204105301/http://corporate.wwe.com/company/contacts.jsp|archive-date=February 4, 2009}}</ref>|foundation={{plainlist| *{{Birth date and age|1953|01|7}} (first show under Capitol Wrestling Corporation Ltd.) *{{Birth date and age|1980|02|21}} (as Titan Sports, Inc.)}}|former_name=Titan Sports, Inc. (1980–99) World Wrestling Federation Entertainment, Inc. (1999–2002)|homepage={{URL|www.wwe.com}}|subsid=[[Tapout (clothing brand)|Tapout]] (50%)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Daily/Issues/2015/03/25/Marketing-and-Sponsorship/WWE-Tapout.aspx |title=WWE, ABG To Reposition Tapout Brand As Part Of 50/50 Joint Venture |work=SportsBusinessDaily.com}}</ref> [[WCW (WWE subsidiary)|WCW]] TSI Realty Company WWE Jet Services WWE Properties International WWE Latin America WWE Japan WWE Australia WWE Canada WWE Germany WWE Asia Pacific WWE Middle East and Africa|divisions=[[WWE Network]] [[WWE Studios]] [[WWE Music Group]] [[WWE Books]] [[WWE Libraries]] [[WWE Performance Center]] [[WWE Home Video]] WWE Shop<ref>{{cite web|url=http://corporate.wwe.com/company/overview|title=Company Overview|work=WWE Corporate|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117105134/http://corporate.wwe.com/company/overview|archive-date=November 17, 2014}}</ref> |num_employees=approximately 850 (2017)<ref>{{cite web|title=Company Information: Economic Impact|url=http://corporate.wwe.com/news/company-information|website=World Wrestling Entertainment Inc.|access-date=June 7, 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527233105/http://corporate.wwe.com/news/company-information|archive-date=May 27, 2016}}</ref>|equity={{increase}} {{US$|388.8 million}} (2020)<ref name="xbrlus_1"/>|assets={{increase}} {{US$|1.2 billion}} (2020)<ref name="xbrlus_1"/>|net_income={{increase}} {{US$|131.8 million}} (2020)<ref name="xbrlus_1"/>|operating_income={{increase}} {{US$|208.6 million}} (2020)<ref name="xbrlus_1"/>|revenue={{increase}} {{US$|974.2 million|link=no}} (2020)<ref name="xbrlus_1">{{Cite web|url=https://corporate.wwe.com/~/media/Files/W/WWE/press-releases/2021/4q20-earnings-pr.pdf|title=WWE® Reports Record 2020 Results and 2021 Business Outlook|publisher=corporate.wwe.com|access-date=2021-08-31|archive-date=2021-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412205359/https://corporate.wwe.com/~/media/Files/W/WWE/press-releases/2021/4q20-earnings-pr.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref>|services=Licensing|industry={{plainlist| *[[Professional wrestling]] *[[Sports entertainment]] *[[Streaming media]]}}|trading_name=WWE|key_people=U[[Vince McMahon]] {{small|(Umuhlalo noCEO)}} U[[Triple H|Paul "Triple H" Levesque]] {{small|(Umbusi)}} U[[Stephanie McMahon]] {{small|(inkosikazi)}}|area_served=Worldwide|predecessor=[[Capitol Wrestling Corporation|Capitol Wrestling Corporation Ltd.]]|ISIN=US98156Q1085|traded_as={{ubl|{{NYSE|WWE}}|[[S&P 400]] component}}|type=[[Public company|inkampani yawonke umuntu]]|image_caption=Headquarters in [[Stamford, Connecticut]] in 2012|image_size=300px|image=WWE Corporate HQ, Stamford, CT, jjron 02.05.2012.jpg|founders={{plainlist| *[[Jess McMahon]] or [[Vincent J. McMahon]] (as Capitol Wrestling Corporation Ltd.) *[[Linda McMahon]] *[[Vince McMahon]] (as Titan Sports, Inc.)}}|logo_caption=Logo since August 2014|logo_size=150px|logo=WWE official logo.svg|location_country=United States}} '''IWorld Wrestling Entertainment, Inc.''', d / b / a '''WWE''', yinkampani yemidiya nezokuzijabulisa edidiyelwe yaseMelika eyaziwa kakhulu nge- wrestling yobungcweti.I-WWE iphinde yahlangana neminye imikhakha, kufaka phakathi ama-movie, ibhola, kanye namanye amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene. Igama le-WWE libuye lisho ukukhuthazwa kwe-wrestling uqobo, okwasungulwa ngo-1953 njengeCapitol Wrestling Corporation . Kungukuphakanyiswa kwe-wrestling okukhulu kunakho konke emhlabeni, ophethe imicimbi ebukhoma engaphezu kuka-450 ngonyaka, nohlu luhlukaniswe kakhulu lwaba yimikhiqizo emithathu ehamba emhlabeni wonke, futhi luyatholakala emakhaya ayizigidi ezingama-900 emhlabeni wonke ngezilimi ezingama-28.Indlunkulu yomhlaba wonke yale nkampani iseStamford, Connecticut, inamahhovisi [[New York (idolobha)|eNew York]], eLos Angeles, [[ILondon|eLondon]], eMexico City, eMumbai, [[Shanghai|eShanghai]], eSingapore, eDubai, eMunich [[ITokyo|naseTokyo]]. == Izinkomba == kmrn2ntgy3vgznajo3vxkcmz9hza00p U-Elon Musk 0 30278 110776 96451 2024-11-10T10:41:15Z GeertivpBot 18854 #pwb Copy label Add Infobox person Authority control [[c:Category:Elon Musk|Commonscat Elon Musk]] 110776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person}} '''U-Elon Reeve Musk''' FRS (/ˈiːlɒn/ EE-lon; wazalwa ngoJuni 28, 1971) ungusomabhizinisi futhi ungumtshali wemali.Ungumsunguli, i-CEO, kanye noNjiniyela Oyinhloko we-SpaceX; umtshali wezimali oyingelosi, i- CEO, kanye ne-Producte Architect ye-Tesla, Inc.; umsunguli we-The Boring Company; kanye nomsunguli we ne-Neuralink ne-OpenAI.Enenani elilinganiselwa ku-US $ 221.4 billion kusukela ngoJulayi 2022, uMusk ungumuntu ocebe kunabo bonke emhlabeni ngokusho kwe-Bloomberg Billionaires Index kanye nohlu lwe-Forbes lwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane zesikhathi sangempela. {{Authority control}} {{Commonscat|Elon Musk}} [[Category:Pages using Template:Post-nominals with missing parameters]] UMusk wazalelwa abazali abamhlophe baseNingizimu Afrika ePitoli, lapho akhulela khona. Wafunda okwesikhashana e-University of Pretoria ngaphambi kokuthuthela eCanada eneminyaka engu-17, wathola ubuzwe ngomama wakhe owazalelwa eCanada. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, wabhalisa eQueen's University futhi wadlulela e-University of Pennsylvania, lapho athola khona iziqu ze-bachelor's e-Economics and Physics.Wathuthela eCalifornia ngo-1995 ukuze aye e-Stanford University kodwa esikhundleni salokho wanquma ukuphishekela umsebenzi webhizinisi, wasungula inkampani ye-web software i-Zip2 nomfowabo uKimbal. I-startup yathengwa yi-Compaq ngama-dollar ayizigidi ezingu-307 ngo-1999.Ngonyaka ofanayo, uMusk wasungula ibhange le-inthanethi i-X.com, elihlanganiswe ne-Confinity ngo-2000 ukuze kwakhiwe i-PayPal.Le nkampani yathengwa yi-eBay ngo-2002 ngama- $ 1.5 billion. kzb6erc5jedv0solybm39xu8smxt6n2 110777 110776 2024-11-10T10:47:23Z Geertivp 14970 correction 110777 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Elon Reeve Musk''' FRS (/ˈiːlɒn/ EE-lon; wazalwa ngoJuni 28, 1971) ungusomabhizinisi futhi ungumtshali wemali.Ungumsunguli, i-CEO, kanye noNjiniyela Oyinhloko we-SpaceX; umtshali wezimali oyingelosi, i- CEO, kanye ne-Producte Architect ye-Tesla, Inc.; umsunguli we-The Boring Company; kanye nomsunguli we ne-Neuralink ne-OpenAI.Enenani elilinganiselwa ku-US $ 221.4 billion kusukela ngoJulayi 2022, uMusk ungumuntu ocebe kunabo bonke emhlabeni ngokusho kwe-Bloomberg Billionaires Index kanye nohlu lwe-Forbes lwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane zesikhathi sangempela. UMusk wazalelwa abazali abamhlophe baseNingizimu Afrika ePitoli, lapho akhulela khona. Wafunda okwesikhashana e-University of Pretoria ngaphambi kokuthuthela eCanada eneminyaka engu-17, wathola ubuzwe ngomama wakhe owazalelwa eCanada. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, wabhalisa eQueen's University futhi wadlulela e-University of Pennsylvania, lapho athola khona iziqu ze-bachelor's e-Economics and Physics.Wathuthela eCalifornia ngo-1995 ukuze aye e-Stanford University kodwa esikhundleni salokho wanquma ukuphishekela umsebenzi webhizinisi, wasungula inkampani ye-web software i-Zip2 nomfowabo uKimbal. I-startup yathengwa yi-Compaq ngama-dollar ayizigidi ezingu-307 ngo-1999.Ngonyaka ofanayo, uMusk wasungula ibhange le-inthanethi i-X.com, elihlanganiswe ne-Confinity ngo-2000 ukuze kwakhiwe i-PayPal.Le nkampani yathengwa yi-eBay ngo-2002 ngama- $ 1.5 billion. {{Authority control}} {{Commonscat|Elon Musk}} [[Category:Pages using Template:Post-nominals with missing parameters]] 5dy8h7kzb4u5w0okk25le88pmgi9rq4 Umchaciso 0 32089 110769 109924 2024-11-09T20:58:49Z Fongcwele 16873 ngandise isingeniso 110769 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umchaciso''' (noma '''umhcachiso''') uhlobo lokucabanga okuhluzekile okuphathelene [[Isimongotho|nesimongotho]], noma imiphumela yokucabanga kwalolo hlobo. Inqubo yokucabanga ngokuhluzekile nokuzindla ivame ukuyamaniswa nemidludlungu efana nokucunda ngamaqaphelo noma ucwaningo. Imichachiso kungaba [[Umchaciso wenzululwazi|eyenzululwazi]], kube eyoqeqesho okungelona olwenzululwazi, noma kungaba eyoqeqesho noma iluphi olukhona. Ngokucakathene nomongo, amazwi omchaciso angahlanganisa, ngokwesibonelo, izincazelo ezivamile zendlela imvelo esebenza ngayo. Leli gama elithi 'umchaciso' lisuselwa esenzweni sokuchachisa, njengoba injongo yalolo hlobo lokucabanga '''iwukuchaza nokuhlakahla'''. Kwinzululwazi yanamuhla, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" lisho imichachiso yenzululwazi, okunguhlobo lwencazelo eqinisekisiwe ngemvelo, echazwa ngendlela evumelana nendlelasu yenzululwazi, futhi efezekisa umgomo obekiwe wenzululwazi yanamuhla. Leyo michachiso ichaziswa ngendlela evumela izivivinyo zenzululwazi zikwazi ukuyifakazela noma ziyiphikise. Imichachiso yenzululwazi iwulwazi lwenzululwazi olwethenjwa kakhulu, olunembile nolubanzi,<ref>{{cite web |last=Schafersman |first=Steven D. |title=An Introduction to Science |url = http://www.geo.sunysb.edu/esp/files/scientific-method.html }}</ref> ngokuphambene nombono ofika engqondweni, othathwa njengomcabango ongahluziwe wavivinywa, (umbono ofana "''[[IsiHlawumbiselo|nesihlawumbiselo]]'').<ref>{{cite book| author=National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine| title=Science, evolution, and creationism| date=2008| publisher=National Academies Press| location=Washington, D.C.| isbn=978-0309105866| page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780309105866/page/11 11]| url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780309105866/page/11| access-date=26 September 2015| url-access=registration}}</ref> Imichachiso yenzululwazi ayifani nezihlawumbiselo, zona eziwukuqaziyela okumele kuvivinywe, futhi ayifani nemithetho yenzululwazi , yona ewukulanda okuchazisayo kwendlela imvelo econdoza ngayo ezimweni ezithile. Imichachiso iyona eqondisa umbidlango wokufuna iziminya kunokufinyelela empokophelweni.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McMurray|first1=Foster |title=Preface to an Autonomous Discipline of Education |journal=Educational Theory |date=July 1955 |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=129–140 |doi = 10.1111/j.1741-5446.1955.tb01131.x }}</ref>{{rp|131}} Umchachiso ungaba indikimba yolwazi, okungenzeka uyamaniswe noma ungayamaniswa nezinongo ezichazayo. Ukuchachisa kuwukuthuthukisa leyo ndikimba yolwazi.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=Gary |title=Education and theory : strangers in paradigms |year=2007 |publisher=Open Univ. Press |location=Maidenhead |isbn=9780335211791 }}</ref>{{rp|46}} Igama elithi "ngokomchachiso" uma lisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwenzululwazi lisuke lisho into isikhulumi esingayigcwethanga noma sayivivinya ngaphambili.<ref>[https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/darwin/evolution-today/what-is-a-theory What is a Theory?]. [[American Museum of Natural History]].</ref> Kwinzululwazi, inkulumo enjalo ibizwa [[isiHlawumbiselo]]. Ngaphandle kwenzululwazi, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" livame ukulunganiswa nelithi 'inqubo' elisho ukwenza.<ref name=mediumthelaw>David J Pfeiffer. ''[https://medium.com/science-journal/scientific-theory-vs-scientific-law-5624633a8f1b Scientific Theory vs Law]''. [[Science (journal)|Science Journal]] (on medium.com). 30 January 2017</ref> Isibonelo esidala somehluko ophakathi kwebizo elithi "ngokomchachiso" ''(theoretical)'' kanye nelithi "ngokwenqubo" ''(practical)'' sivela oqeqeshweni lezokwelapha: umchachiso wokwelapha uhilela ukuzama ukuqonda isisusa kanye nesimo sempilonhle nesigulo, kuyilapho inqubo yokwelapha izama ukwenza abantu babe nempilonhle. Zombili lezinto zihlobene , kodwa zizimele, ngoba kuyinto engenzeka ukucwaninga ngempilonhle nesigulo ngaphandle kokwelapha iziguli, futhi kuyinto engenzeka ukulapha iziguli ungenalwazi lokuthi iselapho sisebenza kanjani.{{efn|1= See for example [[Hippocrates]] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0251:text=Praec.:section=1&highlight=medical%2Ctheory Praeceptiones, Part 1]. {{webarchive |url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140912175614/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0251:text=Praec.:section=1&highlight=medical%2Ctheory |date = 12 September 2014 }} }} ==Amaphatho== hsetrjit6zmbnng3cvoe236bfcoje5v 110771 110769 2024-11-09T21:28:05Z Fongcwele 16873 added section: umsukagama 110771 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umchaciso''' (noma '''umchachiso''') uhlobo lokucabanga okuhluzekile okuphathelene [[Isimongotho|nesimongotho]], noma imiphumela yokucabanga kwalolo hlobo. Inqubo yokucabanga ngokuhluzekile nokuzindla ivame ukuyamaniswa nemidludlungu efana nokucunda ngamaqaphelo noma ucwaningo. Imichachiso kungaba [[Umchaciso wenzululwazi|eyenzululwazi]], kube eyoqeqesho okungelona olwenzululwazi, noma kungaba eyoqeqesho noma iluphi olukhona. Ngokucakathene nomongo, amazwi omchaciso angahlanganisa, ngokwesibonelo, izincazelo ezivamile zendlela imvelo esebenza ngayo. Leli gama elithi 'umchaciso' lisuselwa esenzweni sokuchachisa, njengoba injongo yalolo hlobo lokucabanga '''iwukuchaza nokuhlakahla'''. Kwinzululwazi yanamuhla, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" lisho imichachiso yenzululwazi, okunguhlobo lwencazelo eqinisekisiwe ngemvelo, echazwa ngendlela evumelana nendlelasu yenzululwazi, futhi efezekisa umgomo obekiwe wenzululwazi yanamuhla. Leyo michachiso ichaziswa ngendlela evumela izivivinyo zenzululwazi zikwazi ukuyifakazela noma ziyiphikise. Imichachiso yenzululwazi iwulwazi lwenzululwazi olwethenjwa kakhulu, olunembile nolubanzi,<ref>{{cite web |last=Schafersman |first=Steven D. |title=An Introduction to Science |url = http://www.geo.sunysb.edu/esp/files/scientific-method.html }}</ref> ngokuphambene nombono ofika engqondweni, othathwa njengomcabango ongahluziwe wavivinywa, (umbono ofana "''[[IsiHlawumbiselo|nesihlawumbiselo]]'').<ref>{{cite book| author=National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine| title=Science, evolution, and creationism| date=2008| publisher=National Academies Press| location=Washington, D.C.| isbn=978-0309105866| page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780309105866/page/11 11]| url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780309105866/page/11| access-date=26 September 2015| url-access=registration}}</ref> Imichachiso yenzululwazi ayifani nezihlawumbiselo, zona eziwukuqaziyela okumele kuvivinywe, futhi ayifani nemithetho yenzululwazi , yona ewukulanda okuchazisayo kwendlela imvelo econdoza ngayo ezimweni ezithile. Imichachiso iyona eqondisa umbidlango wokufuna iziminya kunokufinyelela empokophelweni.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McMurray|first1=Foster |title=Preface to an Autonomous Discipline of Education |journal=Educational Theory |date=July 1955 |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=129–140 |doi = 10.1111/j.1741-5446.1955.tb01131.x }}</ref>{{rp|131}} Umchachiso ungaba indikimba yolwazi, okungenzeka uyamaniswe noma ungayamaniswa nezinongo ezichazayo. Ukuchachisa kuwukuthuthukisa leyo ndikimba yolwazi.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=Gary |title=Education and theory : strangers in paradigms |year=2007 |publisher=Open Univ. Press |location=Maidenhead |isbn=9780335211791 }}</ref>{{rp|46}} Igama elithi "ngokomchachiso" uma lisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwenzululwazi lisuke lisho into isikhulumi esingayigcwethanga noma sayivivinya ngaphambili.<ref>[https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/darwin/evolution-today/what-is-a-theory What is a Theory?]. [[American Museum of Natural History]].</ref> Kwinzululwazi, inkulumo enjalo ibizwa [[isiHlawumbiselo]]. Ngaphandle kwenzululwazi, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" livame ukulunganiswa nelithi 'inqubo' elisho ukwenza.<ref name=mediumthelaw>David J Pfeiffer. ''[https://medium.com/science-journal/scientific-theory-vs-scientific-law-5624633a8f1b Scientific Theory vs Law]''. [[Science (journal)|Science Journal]] (on medium.com). 30 January 2017</ref> Isibonelo esidala somehluko ophakathi kwebizo elithi "ngokomchachiso" ''(theoretical)'' kanye nelithi "ngokwenqubo" ''(practical)'' sivela oqeqeshweni lezokwelapha: umchachiso wokwelapha uhilela ukuzama ukuqonda isisusa kanye nesimo sempilonhle nesigulo, kuyilapho inqubo yokwelapha izama ukwenza abantu babe nempilonhle. Zombili lezinto zihlobene , kodwa zizimele, ngoba kuyinto engenzeka ukucwaninga ngempilonhle nesigulo ngaphandle kokwelapha iziguli, futhi kuyinto engenzeka ukulapha iziguli ungenalwazi lokuthi iselapho sisebenza kanjani.{{efn|1= See for example [[Hippocrates]] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0251:text=Praec.:section=1&highlight=medical%2Ctheory Praeceptiones, Part 1]. {{webarchive |url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140912175614/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0251:text=Praec.:section=1&highlight=medical%2Ctheory |date = 12 September 2014 }} }} == uMsukagama == Igama lesiZulu elithi ''"umchachiso"'' livela esenzweni "chachisa" esisho ukuchaza indaba uyenze icace noma ikhanye. Lihlobene namagama afana nelithi "ukuchaza, ukuchasisa" asho ukuhlakahla noma ukuqaqulula inkinga. Uma lisetshenziswa ukuhumusha elithi 'theory' lisho ukuchachisa ngokuhluzekile izimfahlakalo zemvelo. Ngakho umchachiso uyigama elifanelekayo elidlulisa umqondo ofanele wencazelo ngezinto zemvelo. Leli gama liveza umqondo wencazelo yanamuhla yalokho, phecelezi okubizwa ''theory''. Abanye besebenzisa elithi ''umbono'' lapho behumusha, kodwa umbono yinto wonke umuntu anayo ngenxa yokubona kwakhe indalo. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onomchachiso ngendalo. Ngakho elithi umbono linciphisa ukwethembeka kwendlelasu yenzululwazi liyenze umbono nje. Ngokufanayo, abanye bahumusha ngelithi ''injulalwazi'' ngenxa yezincazelo ezihluzekile ezihlakahla isimongotho. Kodwa umnyombo we-theory ungukuchaza nokuhlakahla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lujule kangakanani ulwazi olunikezwayo kolalele. ==Amaphatho== t6y45w7n41su0uxcll0m0mf6u8f1brz 110772 110771 2024-11-09T21:30:23Z Fongcwele 16873 /* uMsukagama */ 110772 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umchaciso''' (noma '''umchachiso''') uhlobo lokucabanga okuhluzekile okuphathelene [[Isimongotho|nesimongotho]], noma imiphumela yokucabanga kwalolo hlobo. Inqubo yokucabanga ngokuhluzekile nokuzindla ivame ukuyamaniswa nemidludlungu efana nokucunda ngamaqaphelo noma ucwaningo. Imichachiso kungaba [[Umchaciso wenzululwazi|eyenzululwazi]], kube eyoqeqesho okungelona olwenzululwazi, noma kungaba eyoqeqesho noma iluphi olukhona. Ngokucakathene nomongo, amazwi omchaciso angahlanganisa, ngokwesibonelo, izincazelo ezivamile zendlela imvelo esebenza ngayo. Leli gama elithi 'umchaciso' lisuselwa esenzweni sokuchachisa, njengoba injongo yalolo hlobo lokucabanga '''iwukuchaza nokuhlakahla'''. Kwinzululwazi yanamuhla, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" lisho imichachiso yenzululwazi, okunguhlobo lwencazelo eqinisekisiwe ngemvelo, echazwa ngendlela evumelana nendlelasu yenzululwazi, futhi efezekisa umgomo obekiwe wenzululwazi yanamuhla. Leyo michachiso ichaziswa ngendlela evumela izivivinyo zenzululwazi zikwazi ukuyifakazela noma ziyiphikise. Imichachiso yenzululwazi iwulwazi lwenzululwazi olwethenjwa kakhulu, olunembile nolubanzi,<ref>{{cite web |last=Schafersman |first=Steven D. |title=An Introduction to Science |url = http://www.geo.sunysb.edu/esp/files/scientific-method.html }}</ref> ngokuphambene nombono ofika engqondweni, othathwa njengomcabango ongahluziwe wavivinywa, (umbono ofana "''[[IsiHlawumbiselo|nesihlawumbiselo]]'').<ref>{{cite book| author=National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine| title=Science, evolution, and creationism| date=2008| publisher=National Academies Press| location=Washington, D.C.| isbn=978-0309105866| page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780309105866/page/11 11]| url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780309105866/page/11| access-date=26 September 2015| url-access=registration}}</ref> Imichachiso yenzululwazi ayifani nezihlawumbiselo, zona eziwukuqaziyela okumele kuvivinywe, futhi ayifani nemithetho yenzululwazi , yona ewukulanda okuchazisayo kwendlela imvelo econdoza ngayo ezimweni ezithile. Imichachiso iyona eqondisa umbidlango wokufuna iziminya kunokufinyelela empokophelweni.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McMurray|first1=Foster |title=Preface to an Autonomous Discipline of Education |journal=Educational Theory |date=July 1955 |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=129–140 |doi = 10.1111/j.1741-5446.1955.tb01131.x }}</ref>{{rp|131}} Umchachiso ungaba indikimba yolwazi, okungenzeka uyamaniswe noma ungayamaniswa nezinongo ezichazayo. Ukuchachisa kuwukuthuthukisa leyo ndikimba yolwazi.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=Gary |title=Education and theory : strangers in paradigms |year=2007 |publisher=Open Univ. Press |location=Maidenhead |isbn=9780335211791 }}</ref>{{rp|46}} Igama elithi "ngokomchachiso" uma lisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwenzululwazi lisuke lisho into isikhulumi esingayigcwethanga noma sayivivinya ngaphambili.<ref>[https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/darwin/evolution-today/what-is-a-theory What is a Theory?]. [[American Museum of Natural History]].</ref> Kwinzululwazi, inkulumo enjalo ibizwa [[isiHlawumbiselo]]. Ngaphandle kwenzululwazi, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" livame ukulunganiswa nelithi 'inqubo' elisho ukwenza.<ref name=mediumthelaw>David J Pfeiffer. ''[https://medium.com/science-journal/scientific-theory-vs-scientific-law-5624633a8f1b Scientific Theory vs Law]''. [[Science (journal)|Science Journal]] (on medium.com). 30 January 2017</ref> Isibonelo esidala somehluko ophakathi kwebizo elithi "ngokomchachiso" ''(theoretical)'' kanye nelithi "ngokwenqubo" ''(practical)'' sivela oqeqeshweni lezokwelapha: umchachiso wokwelapha uhilela ukuzama ukuqonda isisusa kanye nesimo sempilonhle nesigulo, kuyilapho inqubo yokwelapha izama ukwenza abantu babe nempilonhle. Zombili lezinto zihlobene , kodwa zizimele, ngoba kuyinto engenzeka ukucwaninga ngempilonhle nesigulo ngaphandle kokwelapha iziguli, futhi kuyinto engenzeka ukulapha iziguli ungenalwazi lokuthi iselapho sisebenza kanjani.{{efn|1= See for example [[Hippocrates]] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0251:text=Praec.:section=1&highlight=medical%2Ctheory Praeceptiones, Part 1]. {{webarchive |url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140912175614/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0251:text=Praec.:section=1&highlight=medical%2Ctheory |date = 12 September 2014 }} }} == uMsukagama == Igama lesiZulu elithi ''"umchachiso"'' livela esenzweni "chachisa" esisho ukuchaza indaba uyenze icace noma ikhanye<ref>{{cite book|publisher=Witwatersrand University Press|author=Doke, Vilakazi|title=Zulu-English Dictionary|date=1972|page=107}}</ref>. Lihlobene namagama afana nelithi "ukuchaza, ukuchasisa" asho ukuhlakahla noma ukuqaqulula inkinga. Uma lisetshenziswa ukuhumusha elithi 'theory' lisho ukuchachisa ngokuhluzekile izimfahlakalo zemvelo. Ngakho umchachiso uyigama elifanelekayo elidlulisa umqondo ofanele wencazelo ngezinto zemvelo. Leli gama liveza umqondo wencazelo yanamuhla yalokho, phecelezi okubizwa ''theory''. Abanye besebenzisa elithi ''umbono'' lapho behumusha, kodwa umbono yinto wonke umuntu anayo ngenxa yokubona kwakhe indalo. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onomchachiso ngendalo. Ngakho elithi umbono linciphisa ukwethembeka kwendlelasu yenzululwazi liyenze umbono nje. Ngokufanayo, abanye bahumusha ngelithi ''injulalwazi'' ngenxa yezincazelo ezihluzekile ezihlakahla isimongotho. Kodwa umnyombo we-theory ungukuchaza nokuhlakahla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lujule kangakanani ulwazi olunikezwayo kolalele. ==Amaphatho== fnrhitl3d3r4fu9ywnnukrw1llidmcf 110774 110772 2024-11-09T23:07:13Z InternetArchiveBot 15036 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 110774 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umchaciso''' (noma '''umchachiso''') uhlobo lokucabanga okuhluzekile okuphathelene [[Isimongotho|nesimongotho]], noma imiphumela yokucabanga kwalolo hlobo. Inqubo yokucabanga ngokuhluzekile nokuzindla ivame ukuyamaniswa nemidludlungu efana nokucunda ngamaqaphelo noma ucwaningo. Imichachiso kungaba [[Umchaciso wenzululwazi|eyenzululwazi]], kube eyoqeqesho okungelona olwenzululwazi, noma kungaba eyoqeqesho noma iluphi olukhona. Ngokucakathene nomongo, amazwi omchaciso angahlanganisa, ngokwesibonelo, izincazelo ezivamile zendlela imvelo esebenza ngayo. Leli gama elithi 'umchaciso' lisuselwa esenzweni sokuchachisa, njengoba injongo yalolo hlobo lokucabanga '''iwukuchaza nokuhlakahla'''. Kwinzululwazi yanamuhla, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" lisho imichachiso yenzululwazi, okunguhlobo lwencazelo eqinisekisiwe ngemvelo, echazwa ngendlela evumelana nendlelasu yenzululwazi, futhi efezekisa umgomo obekiwe wenzululwazi yanamuhla. Leyo michachiso ichaziswa ngendlela evumela izivivinyo zenzululwazi zikwazi ukuyifakazela noma ziyiphikise. Imichachiso yenzululwazi iwulwazi lwenzululwazi olwethenjwa kakhulu, olunembile nolubanzi,<ref>{{cite web |last=Schafersman |first=Steven D. |title=An Introduction to Science |url=http://www.geo.sunysb.edu/esp/files/scientific-method.html |access-date=2024-11-09 |archive-date=2018-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101173949/http://www.geo.sunysb.edu/esp/files/scientific-method.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ngokuphambene nombono ofika engqondweni, othathwa njengomcabango ongahluziwe wavivinywa, (umbono ofana "''[[IsiHlawumbiselo|nesihlawumbiselo]]'').<ref>{{cite book| author=National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine| title=Science, evolution, and creationism| date=2008| publisher=National Academies Press| location=Washington, D.C.| isbn=978-0309105866| page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780309105866/page/11 11]| url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780309105866/page/11| access-date=26 September 2015| url-access=registration}}</ref> Imichachiso yenzululwazi ayifani nezihlawumbiselo, zona eziwukuqaziyela okumele kuvivinywe, futhi ayifani nemithetho yenzululwazi , yona ewukulanda okuchazisayo kwendlela imvelo econdoza ngayo ezimweni ezithile. Imichachiso iyona eqondisa umbidlango wokufuna iziminya kunokufinyelela empokophelweni.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McMurray|first1=Foster |title=Preface to an Autonomous Discipline of Education |journal=Educational Theory |date=July 1955 |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=129–140 |doi = 10.1111/j.1741-5446.1955.tb01131.x }}</ref>{{rp|131}} Umchachiso ungaba indikimba yolwazi, okungenzeka uyamaniswe noma ungayamaniswa nezinongo ezichazayo. Ukuchachisa kuwukuthuthukisa leyo ndikimba yolwazi.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=Gary |title=Education and theory : strangers in paradigms |year=2007 |publisher=Open Univ. Press |location=Maidenhead |isbn=9780335211791 }}</ref>{{rp|46}} Igama elithi "ngokomchachiso" uma lisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwenzululwazi lisuke lisho into isikhulumi esingayigcwethanga noma sayivivinya ngaphambili.<ref>[https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/darwin/evolution-today/what-is-a-theory What is a Theory?]. [[American Museum of Natural History]].</ref> Kwinzululwazi, inkulumo enjalo ibizwa [[isiHlawumbiselo]]. Ngaphandle kwenzululwazi, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" livame ukulunganiswa nelithi 'inqubo' elisho ukwenza.<ref name=mediumthelaw>David J Pfeiffer. ''[https://medium.com/science-journal/scientific-theory-vs-scientific-law-5624633a8f1b Scientific Theory vs Law]''. [[Science (journal)|Science Journal]] (on medium.com). 30 January 2017</ref> Isibonelo esidala somehluko ophakathi kwebizo elithi "ngokomchachiso" ''(theoretical)'' kanye nelithi "ngokwenqubo" ''(practical)'' sivela oqeqeshweni lezokwelapha: umchachiso wokwelapha uhilela ukuzama ukuqonda isisusa kanye nesimo sempilonhle nesigulo, kuyilapho inqubo yokwelapha izama ukwenza abantu babe nempilonhle. Zombili lezinto zihlobene , kodwa zizimele, ngoba kuyinto engenzeka ukucwaninga ngempilonhle nesigulo ngaphandle kokwelapha iziguli, futhi kuyinto engenzeka ukulapha iziguli ungenalwazi lokuthi iselapho sisebenza kanjani.{{efn|1= See for example [[Hippocrates]] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0251:text=Praec.:section=1&highlight=medical%2Ctheory Praeceptiones, Part 1]. {{webarchive |url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140912175614/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0251:text=Praec.:section=1&highlight=medical%2Ctheory |date = 12 September 2014 }} }} == uMsukagama == Igama lesiZulu elithi ''"umchachiso"'' livela esenzweni "chachisa" esisho ukuchaza indaba uyenze icace noma ikhanye<ref>{{cite book|publisher=Witwatersrand University Press|author=Doke, Vilakazi|title=Zulu-English Dictionary|date=1972|page=107}}</ref>. Lihlobene namagama afana nelithi "ukuchaza, ukuchasisa" asho ukuhlakahla noma ukuqaqulula inkinga. Uma lisetshenziswa ukuhumusha elithi 'theory' lisho ukuchachisa ngokuhluzekile izimfahlakalo zemvelo. Ngakho umchachiso uyigama elifanelekayo elidlulisa umqondo ofanele wencazelo ngezinto zemvelo. Leli gama liveza umqondo wencazelo yanamuhla yalokho, phecelezi okubizwa ''theory''. Abanye besebenzisa elithi ''umbono'' lapho behumusha, kodwa umbono yinto wonke umuntu anayo ngenxa yokubona kwakhe indalo. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onomchachiso ngendalo. Ngakho elithi umbono linciphisa ukwethembeka kwendlelasu yenzululwazi liyenze umbono nje. Ngokufanayo, abanye bahumusha ngelithi ''injulalwazi'' ngenxa yezincazelo ezihluzekile ezihlakahla isimongotho. Kodwa umnyombo we-theory ungukuchaza nokuhlakahla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lujule kangakanani ulwazi olunikezwayo kolalele. ==Amaphatho== s8knipw3tnhjqgpla3yta0koaqt3rbz Ikolishi Lokhetho Lase-United States 0 32536 110770 2024-11-09T21:03:47Z Oweyo 20341 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1256384866|United States Electoral College]]" 110770 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Electoral_College_2028.svg|thumb|Inani lamavoti okhetho, kwangu-538, anikezwe isifundazwe ngasinye kanye neDistrict of Columbia okhethweni lukamongameli olwenziwa ngo-2024 noluzobanjwa ngo-2028 ngokusekelwe ekubalweni kwabantu ngo-2020. Zonke izifunda zinelungelo lokuthola okungenani u-3.]] [[File:ElectoralCollege2020.svg|thumb|Ohlotsheni lukamongameli luka-2020, olwalusetshenziswa idatha yokubalwa kwabantu ngo-2010, UJoe Biden wathola amavoti angu-306 (●) [[Donald Trump|UDonald Trump]] angu-232 (●) engqikithini yamavoti angu-538.    ----I-Maine (ngokudla) naseNebraska (phakathi nendawo), izinombolo ezincane ezizungezile zibonisa izifunda zeKhongolose. Lezi yizifundazwe ezimbili kuphela ezisebenzisa Indlela yesifunda kwabanye abavoti ababelwe, esikhundleni sokuvota okuphelele komnqobi-kuthatha wonke amaqembu.]] E-[[IMelika|United States]], ikholishi lokukhetha iyiqembu labantu abavotela umongameli elihlangana njalo eminyakeni emine ngesikhathi sokuvotela umongameli ngenhloso eyodwa yokuvotela umongameli kanye nesekela lakhe. Lolu hlelo luchazwe esihlokweni sesibili soMthethosisekelo. Inani lamavoti okhetho elisetshenziswa yisifundazwe ngasinye lilingana neqembu lethimba likakhongolose okuyinombolo yamaSeneta (amabili) kanye nenani labamele leso sifundazwe. Isifundazwe ngasinye liqoka abavoti ngukusebenzisa izinqubo ezingokomthetho ezinqunywengomshayamthetho saso. Abaphethe amahhovisi kahulumeni, kufaka phakathi izikhulu kanye nabameleli, abakwazi ukuba abavoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Twenty-third Amendment yanikeza [[Washington, D.C.|Isifundazwe saseColumbia]] abavoti abathathu (okuletha ingqikithi yesibalo kusuka ku-535 kuya ku-538). Iningi lamavoti okhetho (270 noma ngaphezulu) liyadingeka ukukhetha umongameli nephini likamongameli. Uma kungekho muntu othola iningi, ukhetho olungahleliwe lwenziwa yIndlu yabameleli, ukukhetha umongameli, kanye Isigele, ukukhetha iphini likamongameli. n6osm26q1y2uzy6jysochotqbj7n17u