ম্যালকম এক্স
উইকিপিডিয়া, মুক্ত বিশ্বকোষ থেকে
ম্যালকম এক্স ![]() |
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জন্ম | মে ১৯, ১৯২৫![]() |
মৃত্যু | ফেব্রুয়ারি ২১, ১৯৬৫ হারলেম, ম্যানহাটন, নিউ ইয়র্ক সিটি, নিউ ইয়র্ক, যুক্তরাষ্ট্র |
ম্যালকম এক্স (জন্মের পর ম্যালকম লিট্ল নামে পরিচিত ছিলেন, ডেট্রয়েড রেড নামেও পরিচিত) একজন মার্কিন মুসলিম রাজনৈতিক নেতা ও নেশন অফ ইসলাম-এর মুখপাত্র। তার পূর্ণ নাম আল-হাজ্জ মালিক আল-শাব্বাজ। তার জন্ম নিউ ইয়র্কে। এই কৃষ্ণাঙ্গ মুসলিম নেতা নেশন অফ ইসলাম দলের হয়ে আমেরিকায় ধর্ম মন্ত্রনালয়ের মন্ত্রীর দায়িত্ব পালন করেছিলেন। এছাড়া তিনি মুসলিম মস্ক এবং অরগানাইজেশন অফ আফ্রো-আমেরিকান ইউনিটি-এর প্রতিষ্ঠাতা।
সূচিপত্র |
[সম্পাদনা] বহিঃসংযোগ
- Video collection of Malcolm X
- The Official Web Site of Malcolm X
- Full audio of Malcolm X speeches
- Text and Audio of Ballot or Bullet Speech from AmericanRhetoric.com
- Text of a letter written following his Hajj is given at Wikisource.
- Interview with UC Berkeley sociologist Herman Blake, 1963 (video)
- Minister Louis Farrakhan on the murder of Malcolm X, Malcolm X College, 1990 (video)
- Ancestry of Malcolm X
- Malcolm X (El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz) United States Postage Stamp
- Malcolm X Gravesite
- Malcolm X Reloaded: Who Really Assassinated Malcolm X
- Malcolm X on City Desk
- Lessons from Malcolm X: Freedom By Any Means Necessary
Template:উইকিউৎস লেখক
[সম্পাদনা] গবেষণা সাইটসমূহ
- Malcolm X : A Research Site Abdul Alkalimat, ed. Launched May 19, 1999. University of Toledo and Twenty-first Century Books.
- malcolm-x.org. seeks to present Malcolm X within an Islamic context. Retrieved May 19, 2005.
- Malcolm X: Make It Plain. Documentary
- Malcolm X Reference Archive. Sound files of speeches The Ballot or the Bullet, Democrats are Dixiecrats, et al. Marxist Internet Archive. Retrieved May 19, 2005.
- Malcolm X Project. Project of the Center for Contemporary Black History at Columbia University. Retrieved May 19, 2005.
- Malcolm X's FBI file
- Malcolm X - An Islamic Perspective
- Malcolm X : A Profile by Det Danske Koranselskab
[সম্পাদনা] নিবন্ধসমূহ
- Frazier, Martin. Harlem celebrates Malcolm X birthday. People's Weekly World. May 26, 2005.
- Democracy Now!. Malcolm X: Make it Plain transcript. Excerpts of the documentary, "Malcolm X: Make it Plain". Segment available via streaming Real Audio, 128k streaming Real Video, or via MP3 download from Archive.org. 37:23 minutes. Hosted by Amy Goodman. Broadcast May 19, 2005.
- Waldron, Clarence. Minister Louis Farrakhan Sets The Record Straight About His Relationship With Malcolm X. Jet Magazine. Interview, June 5, 2000. Retrieved May 19, 2005.
- M, Yahyá. The name Shabazz: Where did it come from?. Revised from 'Islamic Studies vol. 32 no.1, Spring 1993. p. 73-76. Retrieved May 19, 2005.
[সম্পাদনা] সংশ্লিষ্ট অধ্যয়ন
[সম্পাদনা] নিবন্ধ
- Parks, Gordon. The White Devil's Day is Almost Over. Life, May 31, 1963.
- Speakman, Lynn. Who Killed Malcolm X? The Valley Advocate, November 26, 1992, pp. 3-6.
- Vincent, Theodore. The Garveyite Parents of Malcolm X. The Black Scholar, vol. 20, #2, April, 1989.
- Handler ,M.S.Malcolm X cites role in U.N. Fight. New York Times, Jan 2, 1965; pg. 6, 1.
- Montgomery, Paul L. Malcolm X a Harlem Idol on Eve of Murder Trial. New York Times, Dec 6, 1965; pg. 46, 1
- Bigart, Homer. Malcolm X-ism Feared by Rustin. New York Times, Mar 4, 1965; pg. 15, 1
- Arnold, Martin. Harlem is Quiet as Crowds Watch Malcolm X Rites. New York Times, Feb 28, 1965; pg. 1, 2
- Loomis, James. Death of Malcolm X. New York Times. Feb 27, 1965; pg. 24, 1
- n/a. Malcolm X and Muslims. New York Times, Feb 21, 1965; pg. E10, 1
- n/a. Malcolm X. New York Times, Feb 22, 1965; pg. 20, 1
- n/a. Malcolm X Reports He Now Represents Muslim World Unit. New York Times, Oct 11, 1964; pg. 13, 1
- Lelyveld, Joseph. Elijah Muhammad Rallies His Followers in Harlem. New York Times, Jun 29, 1964; pg. 1, 2
- n/a. Malcolm X Woos 2 Rights Leaders. New York Times, May 19, 1964; pg. 28, 1
- n/a. 1,000 In Harlem Cheer Malcolm X. New York Times, Mar 23, 1964; pg. 18, 1
- Handler, M.S. Malcolm X Sees Rise in Violence. New York Times, Mar 13, 1964; pg. 20, 1
- n/a. Malcolm X Disputes Nonviolence Policy. New York Times, Jun 5, 1963; pg. 29, 1
- Apple, R.W. Malcolm X Silenced for Remarks On Assassination of Kennedy. New York Times, Dec 5, 1963; pg. 22, 1
- Ronan, Thomas P. Malcolm X Tells Rally In Harlem Kennedy Fails to Help Negroes. New York Times, Jun 30, 1963; pg. 45, 1
- n/a. 4 Are Indicted Here in Malcolm X Case. New York Times, Mar 11, 1965; pg. 66, 1
- Handler, M.S. Malcolm X Seeks U.N. Negro Debate. Special to The New York Times; New York Times, Aug 13, 1964; pg. 22, 1
[সম্পাদনা] বই
- Autobiography of Malcolm X (by author Alex Haley) ISBN 0-8124-1953-7
- Acuna, Rodolfo. Occupied America: A History of Chicanos. New York: Harper & Row, 1981.
- Alkalimat, Abdul. Malcolm X for Beginners. New York: Writers and Readers, 1990.
- Als, Hilton. "The Women." (a chapter on Malcolm's mother)
- Asante, Molefi K. Malcolm X as Cultural Hero: and Other Afrocentric Essays. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World Press, 1993.
- Baldwin, James. One Day, When I Was Lost: A Scenario Based On Alex Haley's "The Autobiography Of Malcolm X". New York: Dell, 1992.
- Breitman, George, ed. Malcolm X Speaks. New York: Merit, 1965.
- Breitman, George. The Last Year of Malcolm X: The Evolution of a Revolutionary. New York: Pathfinder, 1967.
- Breitman, George and Herman Porter. The Assassination of Malcolm X. New York: Pathfinder, 1976.
- Brisbane, Robert. Black Activism. Valley Forge, Pennsylvania: Judson Press, 1974.
- Carson, Claybourne. Malcolm X: The FBI File. New York: Carroll & Graf, 1991.
- Carson, Claybourne, et al. The Eyes on the Prize Civil Rights Reader. New York: Penguin, 1991.
- Clarke, John Henrik, ed. Malcolm X; the Man and His Times. New York: Macmillan, 1969.
- Cleage, Albert B. and George Breitman. Myths About Malcolm X: Two Views. New York: Merit, 1968.
- Collins, Rodney P. The Seventh Child. New York: Dafina; London: Turnaround, 2002.
- Cone, James H. Martin & Malcolm & America: A Dream or A Nightmare. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books, 1991.
- Davis, Thulani. Malcolm X: The Great Photographs. New York: Stewart, Tabon and Chang, 1992.
- DeCaro, Louis A. On The Side of My People: A Religious Life of Malcolm X. New York: New York University, 1996.
- DeCaro, Louis A. Malcolm and the Cross: The Nation of Islam, Malcolm X, and Christianity. New York: New York University, 1998.
- Doctor, Bernard Aquina. Malcolm X for Beginners. New York: Writers and Readers, 1992.
- Dyson, Michael Eric. Making Malcolm: The Myth and Meaning of Malcolm X. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
- Essien-Udom, E. U. Black Nationalism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962.
- Evanzz, Karl. The Judas Factor: The Plot to Kill Malcolm X. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1992.
- Franklin, Robert Michael. Liberating Visions: Human Fulfillment And Social Justice In African-American Thought. Minneapolis, MN : Fortress Press, 1990.
- Friedly, Michael. The Assassination of Malcolm X. New York: Carroll & Graf, 1992.
- Gallen, David, ed. Malcolm A to Z: The Man and His Ideas. New York: Carroll and Graf, 1992.
- Garrow, David. Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. New York: Vintage, 1988.
- Goldman, Peter. The Death and Life of Malcolm X. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1979.
- Hampton, Henry and Steve Fayer. Voices of Freedom: Oral Histories from the Civil Rights Movement from the 1950s Through the 1980s. New York: Bantam, 1990.
- Harding, Vincent, Robin D. G. Kelley and Earl Lewis. We Changed the World: African Americans, 1945-1970. The Young Oxford History of African Americans, v. 9. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
- Hill, Robert A. Marcus Garvey: Life and Lessons. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1987.
- Jamal, Hakim A. From The Dead Level: Malcolm X and Me. New York: Random House, 1972.
- Jenkins, Robert L. The Malcolm X Encyclopedia. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2002.
- Karim, Benjamin with Peter Skutches and David Gallen. Remembering Malcolm. New York: Carroll & Graf, 1992.
- Kly, Yussuf Naim, ed. The Black Book: The True Political Philosophy of Malcolm X (El Hajj Malik El Shabazz). Atlanta: Clarity Press, 1986.
- Leader, Edward Roland. Understanding Malcolm X: The Controversial Changes in His Political Philosophy. New York: Vantage Press, 1993.
- Lee, Spike with Ralph Wiley. By Any Means Necessary: The Trials and Tribulations of The Making Of Malcolm X. New York, N.Y.: Hyperion, 1992.
- Lincoln, C. Eric. The Black Muslims in America. Boston, Beacon. 1961.
- Lomax, Louis. When the Word is Given. Cleveland: World, 1963.
- Maglangbayan, Shawna. Garvey, Lumumba, and Malcolm: National-Separatists. Chicago, Third World Press 1972.
- Marable, Manning. On Malcolm X: His Message & Meaning. Westfield, N.J.: Open Media, 1992.
- Martin, Tony. Race First. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood, 1976.
- Myers, Walter Dean. Malcolm X By Any Means Necessary. New York: Scholastic, 1993.
- Perry, Bruce. Malcolm: The Life of A Man Who Changed Black America. New York: Station Hill, 1991.
- Randall, Dudley and Margaret G. Burroughs, ed. For Malcolm; Poems on The Life and The Death of Malcolm X. Preface and Eulogy By Ossie Davis. Detroit: Broadside Press, 1967.
- Sales, William W. From Civil Rights To Black Liberation: Malcolm X And The Organization Of Afro-American Unity. Boston, MA: South End Press, 1994.
- Shabazz, Ilyasah. Growing Up X. New York: One World, 2002.
- Strickland, William, et al. Malcolm X: Make It Plain. Penquin Books, 1994.
- Terrill, Robert. Malcolm X: Inventing Radical Judgment. Michigan State University Press, 2004.
- T'Shaka, Oba. The Political Legacy of Malcolm X. Richmond, Calif.: Pan Afrikan Publications, 1983.
- Tuttle, William. Race Riot: Chicago, The Red Summer of 1919. New York: Atheneum, 1970.
- Vincent, Theodore. Black Power and the Garvey Movement. San Francisco: Ramparts, 1972.
- Wood, Joe, ed. Malcolm X: In Our Own Image. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992.
- Woodward, C. Vann. Origins of the New South. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1967.
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