จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี
[แก้] โมดูลัสของยัง (Young's modulus)
E/(GPa)
number |
symbol |
name |
use |
WEL |
CRC |
3 |
Li |
lithium |
4.9 |
4.9 |
|
4 |
Be |
beryllium |
287 |
287 |
|
11 |
Na |
sodium |
10 |
10 |
|
12 |
Mg |
magnesium |
45 |
45 |
|
13 |
Al |
aluminium |
70 |
70 |
|
14 |
Si |
silicon |
47 |
47 |
|
20 |
Ca |
calcium |
20 |
20 |
|
21 |
Sc |
scandium |
74.4 |
74 |
74.4 |
22 |
Ti |
titanium |
116 |
116 |
|
23 |
V |
vanadium |
128 |
128 |
|
24 |
Cr |
chromium |
279 |
279 |
|
25 |
Mn |
manganese |
198 |
198 |
|
26 |
Fe |
iron |
211 |
211 |
|
27 |
Co |
cobalt |
209 |
209 |
|
28 |
Ni |
nickel |
200 |
200 |
|
29 |
Cu |
copper |
130 |
130 |
|
30 |
Zn |
zinc |
108 |
108 |
|
33 |
As |
arsenic |
8 |
8 |
|
34 |
Se |
selenium |
10 |
10 |
|
37 |
Rb |
rubidium |
2.4 |
2.4 |
|
39 |
Y |
yttrium |
63.5 |
64 |
63.5 |
40 |
Zr |
zirconium |
68 |
68 |
|
41 |
Nb |
niobium |
105 |
105 |
|
42 |
Mo |
molybdenum |
329 |
329 |
|
44 |
Ru |
ruthenium |
447 |
447 |
|
45 |
Rh |
rhodium |
275 |
275 |
|
46 |
Pd |
palladium |
121 |
121 |
|
47 |
Ag |
silver |
83 |
83 |
|
48 |
Cd |
cadmium |
50 |
50 |
|
49 |
In |
indium |
11 |
11 |
|
50 |
Sn |
tin |
50 |
50 |
|
51 |
Sb |
antimony |
55 |
55 |
|
52 |
Te |
tellurium |
43 |
43 |
|
55 |
Cs |
caesium |
1.7 |
1.7 |
|
56 |
Ba |
barium |
13 |
13 |
|
57 |
La |
lanthanum |
(α form) 36.6 |
37 |
(α form) 36.6 |
58 |
Ce |
cerium |
(γ form) 33.6 |
34 |
(γ form) 33.6 |
59 |
Pr |
praseodymium |
(α form) 37.3 |
37 |
(α form) 37.3 |
60 |
Nd |
neodymium |
(α form) 41.4 |
41 |
(α form) 41.4 |
61 |
Pm |
promethium |
(α form) est. 46 |
46 |
(α form) est. 46 |
62 |
Sm |
samarium |
(α form) 49.7 |
50 |
(α form) 49.7 |
63 |
Eu |
europium |
18.2 |
18 |
18.2 |
64 |
Gd |
gadolinium |
(α form) 54.8 |
55 |
(α form) 54.8 |
65 |
Tb |
terbium |
(α form) 55.7 |
56 |
(α form) 55.7 |
66 |
Dy |
dysprosium |
(α form) 61.4 |
61 |
(α form) 61.4 |
67 |
Ho |
holmium |
64.8 |
65 |
64.8 |
68 |
Er |
erbium |
69.9 |
70 |
69.9 |
69 |
Tm |
thulium |
74.0 |
74 |
74.0 |
70 |
Yb |
ytterbium |
(β form) 23.9 |
24 |
(β form) 23.9 |
71 |
Lu |
lutetium |
68.6 |
69 |
68.6 |
72 |
Hf |
hafnium |
78 |
78 |
|
73 |
Ta |
tantalum |
186 |
186 |
|
74 |
W |
tungsten |
411 |
411 |
|
75 |
Re |
rhenium |
463 |
463 |
|
77 |
Ir |
iridium |
528 |
528 |
|
78 |
Pt |
platinum |
168 |
168 |
|
79 |
Au |
gold |
78 |
78 |
|
81 |
Tl |
thallium |
8 |
8 |
|
82 |
Pb |
lead |
16 |
16 |
|
83 |
Bi |
bismuth |
32 |
32 |
|
90 |
Th |
thorium |
79 |
79 |
|
92 |
U |
uranium |
208 |
208 |
|
94 |
Pu |
plutonium |
96 |
96 |
|
[แก้] Poisson ratio
μ, dimensionless
number |
symbol |
name |
use |
WEL |
CRC |
4 |
Be |
beryllium |
0.032 |
0.032 |
|
12 |
Mg |
magnesium |
0.29 |
0.29 |
|
13 |
Al |
aluminium |
0.35 |
0.35 |
|
20 |
Ca |
calcium |
0.31 |
0.31 |
|
21 |
Sc |
scandium |
0.279 |
0.28 |
0.279 |
22 |
Ti |
titanium |
0.32 |
0.32 |
|
23 |
V |
vanadium |
0.37 |
0.37 |
|
24 |
Cr |
chromium |
0.21 |
0.21 |
|
26 |
Fe |
iron |
0.29 |
0.29 |
|
27 |
Co |
cobalt |
0.31 |
0.31 |
|
28 |
Ni |
nickel |
0.31 |
0.31 |
|
29 |
Cu |
copper |
0.34 |
0.34 |
|
30 |
Zn |
zinc |
0.25 |
0.25 |
|
34 |
Se |
selenium |
0.33 |
0.33 |
|
38 |
Sr |
strontium |
0.28 |
0.28 |
|
39 |
Y |
yttrium |
0.243 |
0.24 |
0.243 |
40 |
Zr |
zirconium |
0.34 |
0.34 |
|
41 |
Nb |
niobium |
0.40 |
0.40 |
|
42 |
Mo |
molybdenum |
0.31 |
0.31 |
|
44 |
Ru |
ruthenium |
0.30 |
0.30 |
|
45 |
Rh |
rhodium |
0.26 |
0.26 |
|
46 |
Pd |
palladium |
0.39 |
0.39 |
|
47 |
Ag |
silver |
0.37 |
0.37 |
|
48 |
Cd |
cadmium |
0.30 |
0.30 |
|
50 |
Sn |
tin |
0.36 |
0.36 |
|
57 |
La |
lanthanum |
(α form) 0.280 |
0.28 |
(α form) 0.280 |
58 |
Ce |
cerium |
(γ form) 0.24 |
0.24 |
(γ form) 0.24 |
59 |
Pr |
praseodymium |
(α form) 0.281 |
0.28 |
(α form) 0.281 |
60 |
Nd |
neodymium |
(α form) 0.281 |
0.28 |
(α form) 0.281 |
61 |
Pm |
promethium |
(α form) est. 0.28 |
0.28 |
(α form) est. 0.28 |
62 |
Sm |
samarium |
(α form) 0.274 |
0.27 |
(α form) 0.274 |
63 |
Eu |
europium |
0.152 |
0.15 |
0.152 |
64 |
Gd |
gadolinium |
(α form) 0.259 |
0.26 |
(α form) 0.259 |
65 |
Tb |
terbium |
(α form) 0.261 |
0.26 |
(α form) 0.261 |
66 |
Dy |
dysprosium |
(α form) 0.247 |
0.25 |
(α form) 0.247 |
67 |
Ho |
holmium |
0.231 |
0.23 |
0.231 |
68 |
Er |
erbium |
0.237 |
0.24 |
0.237 |
69 |
Tm |
thulium |
0.213 |
0.21 |
0.213 |
70 |
Yb |
ytterbium |
(β form) 0.207 |
0.21 |
(β form) 0.207 |
71 |
Lu |
lutetium |
0.261 |
0.26 |
0.261 |
72 |
Hf |
hafnium |
0.37 |
0.37 |
|
73 |
Ta |
tantalum |
0.34 |
0.34 |
|
74 |
W |
tungsten |
0.28 |
0.28 |
|
75 |
Re |
rhenium |
0.30 |
0.30 |
|
76 |
Os |
osmium |
0.25 |
0.25 |
|
77 |
Ir |
iridium |
0.26 |
0.26 |
|
78 |
Pt |
platinum |
0.38 |
0.38 |
|
79 |
Au |
gold |
0.44 |
0.44 |
|
81 |
Tl |
thallium |
0.45 |
0.45 |
|
82 |
Pb |
lead |
0.44 |
0.44 |
|
83 |
Bi |
bismuth |
0.33 |
0.33 |
|
90 |
Th |
thorium |
0.27 |
0.27 |
|
92 |
U |
uranium |
0.23 |
0.23 |
|
94 |
Pu |
plutonium |
0.21 |
0.21 |
|
[แก้] Bulk modulus
K/(GPa)
number |
symbol |
name |
use |
WEL |
CRC |
other |
3 |
Li |
lithium |
11 |
11 |
|
4 |
Be |
beryllium |
130 |
130 |
|
5 |
B |
boron |
320 |
320 |
|
6 |
C |
carbon |
33 |
33 |
|
11 |
Na |
sodium |
6.3 |
6.3 |
|
12 |
Mg |
magnesium |
45 |
45 |
|
13 |
Al |
aluminium |
76 |
76 |
|
14 |
Si |
silicon |
100 |
100 |
|
15 |
P |
phosphorus |
11 |
11 |
|
16 |
S |
sulfur |
7.7 |
7.7 |
|
17 |
Cl |
chlorine |
|
(liquid) 1.1 |
|
19 |
K |
potassium |
3.1 |
3.1 |
|
20 |
Ca |
calcium |
17 |
17 |
|
21 |
Sc |
scandium |
56.6 |
57 |
56.6 |
22 |
Ti |
titanium |
110 |
110 |
|
23 |
V |
vanadium |
160 |
160 |
|
24 |
Cr |
chromium |
160 |
160 |
|
25 |
Mn |
manganese |
120 |
120 |
|
26 |
Fe |
iron |
170 |
170 |
|
27 |
Co |
cobalt |
180 |
180 |
|
28 |
Ni |
nickel |
180 |
180 |
|
29 |
Cu |
copper |
140 |
140 |
|
30 |
Zn |
zinc |
70 |
70 |
|
33 |
As |
arsenic |
22 |
22 |
|
34 |
Se |
selenium |
8.3 |
8.3 |
|
35 |
Br |
bromine |
|
1.9 |
|
37 |
Rb |
rubidium |
2.5 |
2.5 |
|
39 |
Y |
yttrium |
41.2 |
41 |
41.2 |
41 |
Nb |
niobium |
170 |
170 |
|
42 |
Mo |
molybdenum |
230 |
230 |
|
44 |
Ru |
ruthenium |
220 |
220 |
|
45 |
Rh |
rhodium |
380 |
380 |
|
46 |
Pd |
palladium |
180 |
180 |
|
47 |
Ag |
silver |
100 |
100 |
|
48 |
Cd |
cadmium |
42 |
42 |
|
50 |
Sn |
tin |
58 |
58 |
|
51 |
Sb |
antimony |
42 |
42 |
|
52 |
Te |
tellurium |
65 |
65 |
|
53 |
I |
iodine |
7.7 |
7.7 |
|
55 |
Cs |
caesium |
1.6 |
1.6 |
|
56 |
Ba |
barium |
9.6 |
9.6 |
|
57 |
La |
lanthanum |
(α form) 27.9 |
28 |
(α form) 27.9 |
58 |
Ce |
cerium |
(γ form) 21.5 |
22 |
(γ form) 21.5 |
59 |
Pr |
praseodymium |
(α form) 28.8 |
29 |
(α form) 28.8 |
60 |
Nd |
neodymium |
(α form) 31.8 |
32 |
(α form) 31.8 |
61 |
Pm |
promethium |
(α form) est. 33 |
33 |
(α form) est. 33 |
62 |
Sm |
samarium |
(α form) 37.8 |
38 |
(α form) 37.8 |
63 |
Eu |
europium |
8.3 |
8.3 |
8.3 |
64 |
Gd |
gadolinium |
(α form) 37.9 |
38 |
(α form) 37.9 |
65 |
Tb |
terbium |
(α form) 38.7 |
38.7 |
(α form) 38.7 |
66 |
Dy |
dysprosium |
(α form) 40.5 |
41 |
(α form) 40.5 |
67 |
Ho |
holmium |
40.2 |
40 |
40.2 |
68 |
Er |
erbium |
44.4 |
44 |
44.4 |
69 |
Tm |
thulium |
44.5 |
45 |
44.5 |
70 |
Yb |
ytterbium |
(β form) 30.5 |
31 |
(β form) 30.5 |
71 |
Lu |
lutetium |
47.6 |
48 |
47.6 |
72 |
Hf |
hafnium |
110 |
110 |
|
73 |
Ta |
tantalum |
200 |
200 |
|
74 |
W |
tungsten |
310 |
310 |
|
75 |
Re |
rhenium |
370 |
370 |
|
76 |
Os |
osmium |
462 |
|
|
462 [1] |
77 |
Ir |
iridium |
320 |
320 |
|
78 |
Pt |
platinum |
230 |
230 |
|
79 |
Au |
gold |
220 |
220 |
|
80 |
Hg |
mercury |
|
25 |
|
81 |
Tl |
thallium |
43 |
43 |
|
82 |
Pb |
lead |
46 |
46 |
|
83 |
Bi |
bismuth |
31 |
31 |
|
90 |
Th |
thorium |
54 |
54 |
|
92 |
U |
uranium |
100 |
100 |
|
[แก้] Shear modulus
G/(GPa)
number |
symbol |
name |
use |
WEL |
CRC |
3 |
Li |
lithium |
4.2 |
4.2 |
|
4 |
Be |
beryllium |
132 |
132 |
|
11 |
Na |
sodium |
3.3 |
3.3 |
|
12 |
Mg |
magnesium |
17 |
17 |
|
13 |
Al |
aluminium |
26 |
26 |
|
19 |
K |
potassium |
1.3 |
1.3 |
|
20 |
Ca |
calcium |
7.4 |
7.4 |
|
21 |
Sc |
scandium |
29.1 |
29 |
29.1 |
22 |
Ti |
titanium |
44 |
44 |
|
23 |
V |
vanadium |
47 |
47 |
|
24 |
Cr |
chromium |
115 |
115 |
|
26 |
Fe |
iron |
82 |
82 |
|
27 |
Co |
cobalt |
75 |
75 |
|
28 |
Ni |
nickel |
76 |
76 |
|
29 |
Cu |
copper |
48 |
48 |
|
30 |
Zn |
zinc |
43 |
43 |
|
34 |
Se |
selenium |
3.7 |
3.7 |
|
38 |
Sr |
strontium |
6.1 |
6.1 |
|
39 |
Y |
yttrium |
25.6 |
26 |
25.6 |
40 |
Zr |
zirconium |
33 |
33 |
|
41 |
Nb |
niobium |
38 |
38 |
|
42 |
Mo |
molybdenum |
20 |
20 |
|
44 |
Ru |
ruthenium |
173 |
173 |
|
45 |
Rh |
rhodium |
150 |
150 |
|
46 |
Pd |
palladium |
44 |
44 |
|
47 |
Ag |
silver |
30 |
30 |
|
48 |
Cd |
cadmium |
19 |
19 |
|
50 |
Sn |
tin |
18 |
18 |
|
51 |
Sb |
antimony |
20 |
20 |
|
52 |
Te |
tellurium |
16 |
16 |
|
56 |
Ba |
barium |
4.9 |
4.9 |
|
57 |
La |
lanthanum |
(α form) 14.3 |
14 |
(α form) 14.3 |
58 |
Ce |
cerium |
(γ form) 13.5 |
14 |
(γ form) 13.5 |
59 |
Pr |
praseodymium |
(α form) 14.8 |
15 |
(α form) 14.8 |
60 |
Nd |
neodymium |
(α form) 16.3 |
16 |
(α form) 16.3 |
61 |
Pm |
promethium |
(α form) est. 18 |
18 |
(α form) est. 18 |
62 |
Sm |
samarium |
(α form) 19.5 |
20 |
(α form) 19.5 |
63 |
Eu |
europium |
7.9 |
7.9 |
7.9 |
64 |
Gd |
gadolinium |
(α form) 21.8 |
22 |
(α form) 21.8 |
65 |
Tb |
terbium |
(α form) 22.1 |
22 |
(α form) 22.1 |
66 |
Dy |
dysprosium |
(α form) 24.7 |
25 |
(α form) 24.7 |
67 |
Ho |
holmium |
26.3 |
26 |
26.3 |
68 |
Er |
erbium |
28.3 |
28 |
28.3 |
69 |
Tm |
thulium |
30.5 |
31 |
30.5 |
70 |
Yb |
ytterbium |
(β form) 9.9 |
9.9 |
(β form) 9.9 |
71 |
Lu |
lutetium |
27.2 |
27 |
27.2 |
72 |
Hf |
hafnium |
30 |
30 |
|
73 |
Ta |
tantalum |
69 |
69 |
|
74 |
W |
tungsten |
161 |
161 |
|
75 |
Re |
rhenium |
178 |
178 |
|
76 |
Os |
osmium |
222 |
222 |
|
77 |
Ir |
iridium |
210 |
210 |
|
78 |
Pt |
platinum |
61 |
61 |
|
79 |
Au |
gold |
27 |
27 |
|
81 |
Tl |
thallium |
2.8 |
2.8 |
|
82 |
Pb |
lead |
5.6 |
5.6 |
|
83 |
Bi |
bismuth |
12 |
12 |
|
90 |
Th |
thorium |
31 |
31 |
|
92 |
U |
uranium |
111 |
111 |
|
94 |
Pu |
plutonium |
43 |
43 |
|
[แก้] Notes
All values from CRC refer to room temperature. All values from WebElements presumably are also at room temperature.
[แก้] References
As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:
- A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
- G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants, Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993.
- G.V. Samsonov (Ed.) in Handbook of the physicochemical properties of the elements, IFI-Plenum, New York, USA, 1968.
- D.R. Lide, (Ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
As quoted in an online version of:
- David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Physical Properties of the Rare Earth Metals
which further refers to:
- Scott, T., in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol. 1, Gschneidner, K.A., Jr. and Eyring, L., Eds., North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1978, 591.