ސަރުކާރު ހިންގުމުގެ ނިޒާމަށް ބަލައިގެން ހެދިފައިވާ ޤައުމުތަކުގެ ލިސްޓު

ވިކިޕީޑިއާ އިން

Editing of this article by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled. If you are prevented from editing this article, and you wish to make a change, please discuss changes on the talk page, request unprotection, log in, or create an account.

Some of the information in this article may not be verified by reliable sources. It should be checked for inaccuracies and modified to cite reliable sources.

މިއީ ސަރުކާރު ހިންގުމުގެ ނިޒާމަށް ބަލައިގެން ތަޤްސީމު ކުރެވިފައިވާ ޤައުމުތަކުގެ ލިސްޓެކެވެ.

ފިހުރިސްތު

ޤައުމުތަކުގެ ލިސްޓު

ނަން ދުސްތޫރީ ބިންގާ ދައުލަތުގެ ވެރިޔާ އިދާރީ އޮނިގަނޑު
Flag of އަފްޣާނިސްތާން އަފްޣާނިސްތާން ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Flag of Albania Albania Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Algeria Algeria Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Flag of Andorra Andorra Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Angola Angola Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Flag of Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Argentina Argentina ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Flag of Armenia Armenia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Flag of Australia Australia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Austria Austria Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Bahamas Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Bahrain Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
Template:Country data Bangladesh Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Barbados Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Belarus ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Belgium Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Belize Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Benin ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Bhutan Absolute monarchy
Template:Country data Bolivia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Bosnia and Herzegovina Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Botswana Republic Executive Parliamentary
Template:Country data Brazil ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Brunei Absolute monarchy
Template:Country data Bulgaria Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Burkina Faso ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Burundi ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Cambodia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Cameroon ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Canada Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Cape Verde Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Central African Republic ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Chad ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Chile ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data China, People's Republic of Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Template:Country data China, Republic of Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Colombia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Comoros ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Congo, Democratic Republic of the Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Congo, Republic of the ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Costa Rica ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Côte d'Ivoire ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Croatia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Cuba Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Template:Country data Cyprus ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Czech Republic Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Denmark Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Djibouti ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Dominica Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Dominican Republic ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data East Timor Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Ecuador ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Egypt Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data El Salvador ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Equatorial Guinea ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Eritrea Republic No constitutional basis to current regime
Template:Country data Estonia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Ethiopia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Fiji Republic No constitutional basis to current regime
Template:Country data Finland Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data France Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Gabon ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Gambia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Georgia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Flag of Germany Germany Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Ghana ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Greece Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Grenada Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Guatemala ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Guinea ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Guinea-Bissau ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Guyana Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Haiti ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Honduras ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Hungary Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Iceland Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of India India Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Indonesia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Iran ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Iraq Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Ireland Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Israel Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Italy Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Jamaica Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Japan Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Jordan Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
Template:Country data Kazakhstan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Kenya ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Kiribati Republic Executive Parliamentary
Template:Country data Korea, North Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Template:Country data Korea, South Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Kuwait Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
Template:Country data Kyrgyzstan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Laos Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Template:Country data Latvia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Lebanon Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Lesotho Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Liberia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Libya Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Liechtenstein Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
Template:Country data Lithuania Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Luxembourg Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Macedonia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Madagascar ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Malawi ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Malaysia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Maldives ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Mali ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Malta Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Marshall Islands Republic Executive Parliamentary
Template:Country data Mauritania Republic No constitutional basis to current regime
Template:Country data Mauritius Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Mexico ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Micronesia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Moldova Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Monaco Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
Template:Country data Mongolia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Montenegro Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Morocco Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
Template:Country data Mozambique ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Myanmar Republic No constitutional basis to current regime
Template:Country data Namibia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Nauru Republic Executive Parliamentary
Template:Country data Nepal Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Netherlands Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data New Zealand Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Nicaragua ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Niger ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Nigeria ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Norway Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Oman Absolute monarchy
Template:Country data Pakistan Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Palau ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Panama ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Papua New Guinea Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Paraguay ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Peru ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Philippines ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Poland Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Portugal Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Qatar Absolute monarchy
Template:Country data Romania Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Russia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Rwanda ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Saint Kitts and Nevis Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Saint Lucia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Samoa Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data San Marino Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data São Tomé and Príncipe Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Saudi Arabia Absolute monarchy
Template:Country data Senegal ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Serbia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Seychelles ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Sierra Leone ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Singapore Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Slovakia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Slovenia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Solomon Islands Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Somalia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data South Africa Republic Executive Parliamentary
Template:Country data Spain Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Sri Lanka Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Sudan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Suriname ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Swaziland Absolute monarchy
Template:Country data Sweden Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Switzerland Republic Executive Parliamentary
Template:Country data Syria Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Template:Country data Tajikistan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Tanzania ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Thailand Constitutional monarchy No constitutional basis to current regime
Template:Country data Togo ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Tonga Absolute monarchy
Template:Country data Trinidad and Tobago Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Tunisia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Turkey Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Turkmenistan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Tuvalu Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Uganda ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Ukraine Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data United Arab Emirates Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
Template:Country data United Kingdom Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data United States ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Uruguay ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Uzbekistan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Vanuatu Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Template:Country data Vatican City Absolute monarchy
Template:Country data Venezuela ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Vietnam Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
Template:Country data Yemen Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Western Sahara Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Template:Country data Zambia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Template:Country data Zimbabwe ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ

Systems of Governance

Presidential / Separated republics

These are systems in which a president is the active head of the executive branch of government and is elected and remains in office independently of the legislature. The following list includes democratic and non-democratic states:

Full presidential systems

In full presidential systems, the president is both head of state and head of government. There is no prime minister.

Template:Col-break

  • Afghanistan
  • Argentina
  • Benin
  • Bolivia
  • Brazil
  • Burundi
  • Cameroon
  • Central African Republic
  • Chad
  • Chile
  • Colombia
  • Comoros
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Republic of the Congo
  • Costa Rica

Template:Col-break

  • Côte d'Ivoire
  • Cyprus
  • Djibouti
  • Dominican Republic
  • Ecuador
  • El Salvador
  • Equatorial Guinea
  • Gabon
  • The Gambia
  • Ghana
  • Guatemala
  • Guinea
  • Guinea-Bissau
  • Honduras

Template:Col-break

  • Indonesia
  • Iran [1] (to some degree)
  • Kenya
  • Kiribati
  • Liberia
  • Madagascar
  • Malawi
  • Maldives
  • Marshall Islands
  • Mexico
  • Federated States of Micronesia
  • Nauru
  • Nicaragua
  • Nigeria
  • Palau
  • Panama

Template:Col-break

  • Paraguay
  • Philippines
  • Rwanda
  • Seychelles
  • Sierra Leone
  • Sudan
  • Suriname
  • Tanzania
  • Togo
  • Tunisia
  • Turkmenistan
  • Uganda
  • United States of America
  • Uruguay
  • Venezuela
  • Zambia
  • Zimbabwe

Semi-presidential systems

In semi-presidential systems, there is usually both a president and a prime minister. In such systems, the President has genuine executive authority, unlike in a parliamentary republic, but some of the role of a head of government is exercised by the prime minister, who is also head of the legislature.

Template:Col-break

  • Algeria
  • Angola [2]
  • Armenia
  • Azerbaijan
  • Belarus[3]
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina[4]
  • Burkina Faso
  • Cape Verde
  • Egypt
  • France
  • Georgia
  • Guyana
  • Haiti
  • Kazakhstan

Template:Col-break

  • Republic of Korea
  • Kyrgyzstan
  • Lebanon
  • Mali
  • Moldova
  • Mongolia
  • Mozambique
  • Namibia
  • Niger
  • Pakistan
  • Peru[5]
  • Romania

Template:Col-break

  • Russia
  • São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Senegal
  • Serbia
  • Sri Lanka[6]
  • Republic of China (Taiwan)
  • Tajikistan
  • Ukraine
  • Uzbekistan
  • Western Sahara [7]
  • Yemen

Parliamentary republics

A Parliamentary republic is a system in which a prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature. The Presidents degree of executive power may range from being reasonably significant (eg. Poland) to little or none at all (eg. Ireland). Where the President holds little executive power, their function is primarily that of a symbolic figurehead.

Template:Col-break

Template:Col-break

Template:Col-break

  • Israel
  • Italy
  • Latvia
  • Lithuania
  • Macedonia
  • Malta
  • Mauritius
  • Mauritania
  • Montenegro
  • Poland

Template:Col-break

  • Portugal
  • Singapore
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia
  • Trinidad and Tobago
  • Turkey
  • Vanuatu

Mixed Republican Systems



Constitutional monarchies

Systems in which a prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature. The head of state is a constitutional monarch who only exercises his or her powers with the consent of the government, the people or their representatives.

Template:Col-break

Template:Col-break

Commonwealth realms

Constitutional monarchies, in which Queen Elizabeth II serves as head of state over an independent government. In each Realm, she acts as the monarch of that state, and is usually titled accordingly - for example, Queen of Australia. The Queen appoints a Governor-General to each country other than the United Kingdom to act as her representative. The prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature.

Template:Col-break

  • Antigua and Barbuda
  • Australia
  • The Bahamas
  • Barbados
  • Belize
  • Canada
  • Grenada
  • Jamaica

Template:Col-break

  • New Zealand
  • Papua New Guinea
  • Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • Saint Lucia
  • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • Solomon Islands
  • Tuvalu
  • United Kingdom

Semi-constitutional monarchies

The prime minister (or equivalent) is the nation's active executive, but the monarch still has considerable political powers that can be used at his/her own independent discretion.

Template:Col-break

  • Bahrain
  • Jordan
  • Kuwait
  • Liechtenstein

Template:Col-break

Absolute monarchies

Monarchies in which the monarch is the active head of the executive branch and exercises all powers.

Template:Col-break

Template:Col-break

  • Swaziland
  • Tonga
  • United Arab Emirates [16]
  • Vatican City State

Theocracies

States based on a state religion where the head of state is selected by some form of religious hierarchy.

  • Iran [1] (to some degree)
  • the Holy See (Vatican City)

One-party states

States in which political power is concentrated within a single political party whose operations are largely fused with the government hierarchy. However, some do have elected governments.

Template:Col-break

  • People's Republic of China (Communist Party) (list)
  • Cuba (Communist Party) (list)
  • Democratic People's Republic of Korea (Workers' Party) (list)
  • Laos (Revolutionary Party) (list)
  • Syria (Arab Socialist Ba'th Party) (list)
  • Turkmenistan (Democratic Party) (list)
  • Vietnam (Communist Party) (list)

Military junta states

The nation's armed forces control the organs of government and all high-ranking political executives are also members of the military hierarchy.

Transitional

States which have a system of government which is in transition or turmoil and cannot be accurately classified. (with current direction of change)

  • Somalia (toward semi-presidential republic)
  • Sudan (bipartisan Government of National Unity)
  • Palestinian Authority (toward semi-presidential republic)
  • Thailand (toward constitutional monarchy)
  • Nepal (toward constitutional monarchy or parliamentary republic)
  • Iraq (toward parliamentary republic)
  • Eritrea (Towards presidential republic)

Systems of Internal Governance

Federal

States in which the federal government shares power with semi-independent regional governments. In many cases, the central government is (in theory) a creation of the regional governments; a prime example is the United States.

Template:Col-break

  • Argentina (23 provinces and 1 autonomous city)
  • Australia (6 states and 2 territories)
  • Austria (9 states)
  • Belgium (Flanders/Flemish Region and Wallonia/Walloon Region)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska)
  • Brazil (26 states and 1 federal district)
  • Canada (10 provinces and 3 territories)
  • Comoros (Anjouan, Grande Comore, Mohéli)
  • Ethiopia (9 regions and 2 chartered cities)
  • Federated States of Micronesia (Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei and Yap)
  • Germany (16 states)
  • India (28 states and 7 union territories)
  • Malaysia (13 states and 3 federal territories)

Template:Col-break

  • Mexico (31 states and 1 federal district)
  • Nigeria (36 states)
  • Pakistan (4 provinces and 2 territories)
  • Palau (16 states)[citation needed]
  • Papua New Guinea (20 provinces)[citation needed]
  • Russia (49 oblasts, 21 republics, 10 autonomous okrugs, 6 krays, 2 federal cities, 1 autonomous oblast)
  • Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • South Africa (9 provinces)[citation needed]
  • Switzerland (26 cantons)
  • United Arab Emirates (7 emirates)
  • United States (50 states, one District, two Commonwealths, and 12 Territories)
  • Venezuela (23 states and 1 capital district)

Devolved

States in which the central government has delegated some of its powers to self-governing subsidiary governments, creating a de facto federation.

  • Spain (17 autonomous communities and the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla)
  • United Kingdom (Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales; England remains under full control of the central government)

Regionalized unitary

States in which the central government has delegated some of its powers to regional governments.

  • Chile (13 regions, each one divided into smaller provinces, which are sub-divided into several municipalities).
  • Italy (20 regions, five granted 'autonomous' status)
  • New Zealand (12 regions, 4 unitary authorities)
  • People's Republic of China (22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, and 2 Special Administrative Regions: Hong Kong and Macau)
  • Philippines (79 provinces grouped into 17 regions, one granted 'autonomous' status)

Federacy

A federacy is a country in which some substates function like states in a federation and others like states in a unitary state.

  • Denmark with 2 autonomous regions and 5 regions;
  • Finland with 1 autonomous province and 19 regions;
  • The Netherlands with 2 states and 12 provinces.
  • France with 1 sui generis collectivity and 26 régions, 4 collectivités d'outre-mer, 1 territoire d'outre-mer
  • Serbia, significant autonomy granted to Vojvodina; Kosovo-Metohija under UN protectorate, future status being negotiated.
  • Ukraine, 24 oblasts, 2 special-status cities, and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea
  • Tanzania, 21 mainland regions, 5 regions under autonomous government of Zanzibar

Unitary

see Unitary state

Notes

  1. 1.0 1.1 Iran combines the forms of a presidential republic, with a president elected by universal suffrage; and a theocracy, with a Supreme Leader who is ultimately responsible for state policy, chosen by the elected Assembly of Experts. Candidates for both the Assembly of Experts and the presidency are vetted by the appointed Guardian Council.
  2. While the office of Prime Minister exists, the President is both the Head of State and Head of Government.
  3. While the office of Prime Minister exists, the President is both the Head of State and Head of Government.
  4. Collective (3 member) presidency.
  5. While the office of Prime Minister exists, the President is both the Head of State and Head of Government.
  6. While the office of Prime Minister exists, the President is both the Head of State and Head of Government.
  7. The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) is a government in exile, located in Tindouf, Algeria. Most of the territory of Western Sahara is under military occupation by Morocco; the rest is administered by the SADR.
  8. In Bangladesh, a Caretaker government takes over for three months during parliamentary elections. The Caretaker government is headed by a Chief advisor (the last Chief Justice to retire), and a group of neutral, non-partisan advisors chosen from the civil society. During this time, the president has jurisdiction over the Ministry of defense and the Ministry of foreign affairs.
  9. Combines aspects of an executive presidency with a parliamentary system. President is elected by parliament and holds a parliamentary seat, much like a prime minister. The President is both head of state and government.
  10. Combines aspects of an executive presidency with a parliamentary system. President is elected by parliament and holds a parliamentary seat, much like a prime minister. The President is both head of state and government.
  11. There is neither a prime minister nor a president of Switzerland. The President of the Swiss Confederation is merely primus inter pares in the Swiss Federal Council, the seven-member executive council which constitutes the government as well as the head of state of Switzerland.
  12. Collective presidency (2 captains-regents). Captains-regents are both Head of State and Government simultaneously.
  13. Bishop of Urgell and President of France serve as ex-officio co-princes
  14. The King of Nepal gave himself absolute authority for three years in 2005; he has given up absolute power on April 21, 2006, but constitutional government has not yet resumed
  15. Bhutan is in the process of democratization by request of the king.
  16. UAE is a federation of absolute monarchies, with the federal president drawn from hereditary emirs
  17. The President of Fiji is the actual leader who on 4 December 2006 dissolved the parliament without the prime minister's consent, thereby setting the stage for a coup by the military commander.

See also

  • List of forms of government
  • List of countries by date of transition to republican system of government

External links